gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
One-year topical stabilized retinol treatment improves photodamaged skin in a double-blind, vehicle-controlled trial. (2015)

This study confirms that a stabilized retinol (0.1%) formulation can significantly improve the signs of photoaging, and improvements in photodamage continue with prolonged use.
Serum Keratan Suffate Levels in Marathon Runners (1992)

The effect of strenuous joint loading on the metabolism of articular cartilage in man is not known. The development of a non-invasive immunoassay for the assessment of the catabolism of cartilage aggrecan has enabled us to quantify keratan sulfate (KS), a component of aggrecan, in the serum of fifteen male marathon runners. Serum KS was measured by an ELISA before and immediately after a marathon (42 km), as well as 48 hours after the completion of the race. The mean level at rest was similar to those previously reported for another population of age-matched males. There was no statistically significant difference in the serum level of KS at the three different readings. Further, there was no correlation between age, height, weight and performance time, and the serum level of KS at any of the three different times. We conclude that marathon running by carefully trained runners causes neither a transient nor a sustained increase in proteoglycan catabolism in articular cartilage.
Ca<sup>2+</sup> entry via α<sub>1G</sub> and TRPV4 channels differentially regulates surface expression of P-selectin and barrier integrity in pulmonary capillary endothelium (2009)

Pulmonary vascular endothelial cells express a variety of ion channels that mediate Ca(2+) influx in response to diverse environmental stimuli. However, it is not clear whether Ca(2+) influx from discrete ion channels is functionally coupled to specific outcomes. Thus we conducted a systematic study in mouse lung to address whether the alpha(1G) T-type Ca(2+) channel and the transient receptor potential channel TRPV4 have discrete functional roles in pulmonary capillary endothelium. We used real-time fluorescence imaging for endothelial cytosolic Ca(2+), immunohistochemistry to probe for surface expression of P-selectin, and the filtration coefficient to specifically measure lung endothelial permeability. We demonstrate that membrane depolarization via exposure of pulmonary vascular endothelium to a high-K(+) perfusate induces Ca(2+) entry into alveolar septal endothelial cells and exclusively leads to the surface expression of P-selectin. In contrast, Ca(2+) entry in septal endothelium evoked by the selective TRPV4 activator 4alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate (4alpha-PDD) specifically increases lung endothelial permeability without effect on P-selectin expression. Pharmacological blockade or knockout of alpha(1G) abolishes depolarization-induced Ca(2+) entry and surface expression of P-selectin but does not prevent 4alpha-PDD-activated Ca(2+) entry and the resultant increase in permeability. Conversely, blockade or knockout of TRPV4 specifically abolishes 4alpha-PDD-activated Ca(2+) entry and the increase in permeability, while not impacting depolarization-induced Ca(2+) entry and surface expression of P-selectin. We conclude that in alveolar septal capillaries Ca(2+) entry through alpha(1G) and TRPV4 channels differentially and specifically regulates the transition of endothelial procoagulant phenotype and barrier integrity, respectively.
Inhibition of AA2024-T3 on a Phase-by-Phase Basis Using an Environmentally Benign Inhibitor, Cerium Dibutyl Phosphate (2005)

Inhibition of anodic and cathodic reactions on intermetallic compounds in aluminum alloy 2024-T3 (Al-4.4Cu-1.5Mg-0.6Mn) by cerium dibutyl phosphate [Ce(dbp)_3] additions to dilute chloride solutions was studied using a microelectrochemical cell approach. Cathodic polarization curves were measured on Al_2Cu, Al_7Cu_2Fe, Al_20Cu_2Mn_3, and Al_3Fe. Results showed the Ce(dbp)_3 effectively inhibits oxygen reduction on each phase. Anodic polarization curves were measured for Al_7Cu_2Fe and Al_2CuMg compounds. Results showed that Ce(dpb)_3 additions stabilized passivity of these phases. This work suggests that Ce(dbp)_3 may effectively inhibit localized corrosion owing to its mixed nature, providing retardation of the oxygen reduction reaction upon noble intermetallics and concomitant retardation of dissolution of phases that may be prone to attack.
Characterization of Postmortem Human Brain Proteins by Two‐Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis (1982)

The proteins of membrane and cytosol fractions from frozen human postmortem brain were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (isoelectric range: 5.1-6.0) and both Coomassie-blue and ammoniacal silver staining. Cytosol preparations were analyzed from six different postmortem brains from patients with various neurologic diagnoses and immediate causes of death. Intervals between death and brain freezing (-70 degrees C) ranged from 2 to 20 h. The vast majority of proteins detected in these cytosol fractions had identical molecular weights and isoelectric points in each of six human brains examined. However, in some tissue samples tubulin was either quantitatively decreased or undetectable. The possibility that this partial or complete depletion of tubulin was related to postmortem interval and/or brain freezing was studied using rat forebrain tissue. Rat brain incubated at room temperature for up to 24 h did not reproduce the changes seen in the region of human cytosol tubulin. However, other changes seen in the two-dimensional electrophoretic pattern of rat cytosol proteins did relate to postmortem interval, brain freezing, or both. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and smooth endoplasmic reticulum were prepared from three human brains, with highly reproducible two-dimensional patterns. Protein analysis of these membrane fractions revealed that human RER contained significant amounts of tubulin, in contrast to rat RER which contained no detectable tubulin. This discrepancy was elucidated by allowing rat brains to remain at room temperature for 24 h before freezing; gels of rat RER prepared from this tissue showed that tubulin subunits were present.
Video query: Research directions (1998)

As digital video databases become more and more pervasive, finding video in large databases becomes a major problem. Because of the nature of video (streamed objects), accessing the content of such databases is inherently a time-consuming operation. Enabling intelligent means of video retrieval and rapid video viewing through the processing, analysis, and interpretation of visual content are, therefore, important topics of research. In this paper, we survey the art of video query and retrieval and propose a framework for video-query formulation and video retrieval based on an iterated sequence of navigating, searching, browsing, and viewing. We describe how the rich information media of video in the forms of image, audio, and text can be appropriately used in each stage of the search process to retrieve relevant segments. Also, we address the problem of automatic video annotation—lattaching meanings to video segments to aid the query steps. Subsequently, we present a novel framework of structural video analysis that focuses on the processing of high-level features as well as low-level visual cues. This processing augments the semantic interpretation of a wide variety of long video segments and assists in the search, navigation, and retrieval of video. We describe several such techniques.
Don't Forget the Pulses! Aortoiliac Peripheral Artery Disease Masquerading as Lumbar Radiculopathy-A Report of 3 Cases. (2017)

Orthopedic surgeons commonly encounter patients with lumbar radiculopathy. These patients typically seek treatment for lower back or buttock pain radiating down the leg. It can be challenging to differentiate between orthopedic, neurologic, and vascular causes of leg pain, such as peripheral artery disease (PAD), especially aortoiliac PAD, which can present with hip, buttock, and thigh pain. To our knowledge, this is the first report on a series of patients with thigh pain initially diagnosed as radiculopathy who underwent unproductive diagnostic tests and procedures, and ultimately were given delayed diagnoses of aortoiliac PAD.
Properties and Production of Valienamine and Its Related Analogues (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Supplementary Data from Preclinical Characterization of Linrodostat Mesylate, a Novel, Potent, and Selective Oral Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Inhibitor (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Data includes supplementary materials and methods&lt;/p&gt;
Resonance Raman analysis of the Pr and Pfr forms of phytochrome (1990)

Resonance Raman vibrational spectra of the Pr and Pfr forms of oat phytochrome have been obtained at room temperature. When Pr is converted to Pfr, new bands appear in the C = C and C = N stretching region at 1622, 1599, and 1552 cm-1, indicating that a major structural change of the chromophore has occurred. The Pr to Pfr conversion results in an 11 cm-1 lowering of the N-H rocking band from 1323 to 1312 cm-1. Normal mode calculations correlate this frequency drop with a Z----E isomerization about the C15 = C16 bond. A line at 803 cm-1 in Pr is replaced by an unusually intense mode at 814 cm-1 in Pfr. Calculations on model tetrapyrrole chromophores suggest that these low-wavenumber modes are hydrogen out-of-plane (HOOP) wagging vibrations of the bridging C15 methine hydrogen and that both the intensity and frequency of the C15 HOOP mode are sensitive to the geometry around the C14-C15 and C15 = C16 bonds. The large intensity of the 814-cm-1 mode in Pfr indicates that the chromophore is highly distorted from planarity around the C15 methine bridge. If the Pr----Pfr conversion does involve a C15 = C16 Z----E isomerization, then the intensity of the C15 HOOP mode in Pfr argues that the chromophore has an E,anti conformation. On the basis of a comparison with the vibrational calculations, the low frequency (803 cm-1) and the reduced intensity of the C15 HOOP mode in Pr suggest that the chromophore in Pr adopts the C15-Z,syn conformation.
Impact of manufacturing process variations on performance and thermal characteristics of 3D ICs: Emerging challenges and new solutions (2013)

Manufacturing process variations have become an important concern in the design of integrated circuits (IC) in the nanometer era. Process variations result in variability in the performance, power and thermal characteristics of ICs and, as a result, parametric yield loss. In this paper, we examine how process variation impact the 3D ICs compared to their planar (or 2D) counterparts. Using analytical models and empirical evaluation, we show that both from a clock frequency and thermal perspective, 3D ICs are worse impacted by process variations than their equivalent 2D implementations. While conventional variability mitigation techniques can be used to increase the resilience of 3D ICs to process variations, there are new opportunities for variability mitigation that are unique to 3D integration. In particular, in a die-to-die 3D bonding process, the decision of which die from one tier are bonded with which die from another can be made post fabrication after the bare die have been tested and assigned to frequency and leakage bins. In addition, for symmetric 3D design, it is additionally possible to decide the die stacking order for each 3D chip post manufacturing. We show that this flexibility in the bonding process can, in fact, result in significant performance and thermal yield improvement for 3D ICs.
An Efficient Preparation of Chroman Derivatives from 3-Aryl-1-propanols and Related Compounds with 1,3-Diiodo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin under Irradiation Conditions (2010)

Treatment of various 3-aryl-1-propanols with 1,3-diiodo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DIH) in ethyl acetate or 1,2-dichloroethane under irradiation with a tungsten lamp gave the corresponding chroman derivatives in good to moderate yields.
The Rear Tip Extender for Inflatable Penile Prostheses: Introduction of “Rigidity Factor” and Review of the Literature (2018)

The use of RTEs is a relatively underexplored area of penile prosthesis placement. Further laboratory and in vivo work will allow for a better understanding of the optimal role of RTEs in penile prosthesis surgery. Thirumavalavan N, Cordon BH, Gross MS, et al. The Rear Tip Extender for Inflatable Penile Prostheses: Introduction of "Rigidity Factor" and Review of the Literature. Sex Med Rev 2019;7:516-520.
Power and limitations of the chloroplast trnL (UAA) intron for plant DNA barcoding (2006)

DNA barcoding should provide rapid, accurate and automatable species identifications by using a standardized DNA region as a tag. Based on sequences available in GenBank and sequences produced for this study, we evaluated the resolution power of the whole chloroplast trnL (UAA) intron (254-767 bp) and of a shorter fragment of this intron (the P6 loop, 10-143 bp) amplified with highly conserved primers. The main limitation of the whole trnL intron for DNA barcoding remains its relatively low resolution (67.3% of the species from GenBank unambiguously identified). The resolution of the P6 loop is lower (19.5% identified) but remains higher than those of existing alternative systems. The resolution is much higher in specific contexts such as species originating from a single ecosystem, or commonly eaten plants. Despite the relatively low resolution, the whole trnL intron and its P6 loop have many advantages: the primers are highly conserved, and the amplification system is very robust. The P6 loop can even be amplified when using highly degraded DNA from processed food or from permafrost samples, and has the potential to be extensively used in food industry, in forensic science, in diet analyses based on feces and in ancient DNA studies.
A novel electro-optical pump-probe system for bioelectromagnetic investigations (2012)

In the area of bioelectromagnetic studies there is a growing interest to understand the mechanisms leading to nanosecond electric fields induced electroporation. Real-time imaging techniques at molecular level could probably bring further advances on how electric fields interact with living cells. However the investigations are limited by the present-day lack of these kinds of advanced instrumentations. In this context, we present an innovative electro-optical pump-probe system. The aim of our project is to provide a performing and compact device for electrical stimulation and multiplex Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (M-CARS) imaging of biological cells at once. The system consists of a 1064 nm sub-nanosecond laser source providing both a monochromatic pump and a polychromatic Stokes optical beam used in a CARS process, as well as the trigger beam for the optoelectronic switching-based electrical pulse generator. The polychromatic Stokes beam (from 600 to 1700 nm) results from a supercontinuum generation in a photonic crystal fiber (PCF). A detailed spectro-temporal characterization of such a broadband spectrum shows the impact of the nonlinear propagation in the fiber on the Stokes wave. Despite the temporal distortions observable on Stokes pulse profiles, their spectral synchronization with the pump pulse remains possible and efficient in the interesting region between 1100 nm and 1700 nm. The electrical stimulation device consists of a customized generator combining microstrip-line technology and laser-triggered photoconductive semiconductor switches. Our experimental characterization highlights the capability for such a generator to control the main pulse parameters (profile, amplitude and duration) and to be easily synchronized with the imaging system. We finally test and calibrate the system by means of a KDP crystal. The preliminary results suggest that this electro-optical system provides a suitable tool for real-time investigation of bioelectromagnetic interactions in the nanosecond and sub-nanosecond regime.
Spectroscopic, Cyclic Voltammetry, Thermal and Biological Activity Studies of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) Complexes of Novel Azo Dyes Derived from Thiadiazole Compounds (2007)

Novel complexes obtained by reaction of [5-phenyl[l,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl]azo-4- resorcinol (L 1 ) and [5-phenyl[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl]azo-β-naphthol (L 2 ) with Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, electronic, IR and TGA studies as well as cyclic voltammetry. These complexes have the general formula [M(L)Cl 2 2H 2 O]nH 2 O and [M(L) 2 Cl 2 ]nH 2 O where M = Cu(II), Ni(II), or Co(II) and L = L 1 or L 2 . It was found that the free ligands are neutral bidentate ON donors of carbonyl and azo groups. The stoichiometry of these complexes is M:L = 1:1 and 1:2. TG studies of these complexes showed that thermal degradation proceeds in two steps. Octahedral geometry is proposed for the divalent metal complexes, cyclic voltammetry reveals a reversibility of the Cu II /Cu I couple, while for the Co II and Ni II complexes there was no reaction. It is observed that the chelates formed are more potent as antimicrobial agents than the free ligands. The stability constants of these complexes determined by spectroscopy methods change in the following sequence: Co(II) < Ni(II) < Cu(II).
Stem wood properties of <i>Populus tremuloides</i>, <i>Betula papyrifera</i> and <i>Acer saccharum</i> saplings after 3 years of treatments to elevated carbon dioxide and ozone (2004)

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the effects of elevated carbon dioxide [CO 2 ] and ozone [O 3 ] and their interaction on wood chemistry and anatomy of five clones of 3‐year‐old trembling aspen ( Populus tremuloides Michx.). Wood chemistry was studied also on paper birch ( Betula papyrifera Marsh.) and sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.) seedling‐origin saplings of the same age. Material for the study was collected from the Aspen Free‐Air CO 2 Enrichment (FACE) experiment in Rhinelander, WI, USA, where the saplings had been exposed to four treatments: control (C; ambient CO 2 , ambient O 3 ), elevated CO 2 (560 ppm during daylight hours), elevated O 3 (1.5 × ambient during daylight hours) and their combination (CO 2 +O 3 ) for three growing seasons (1998–2000). Wood chemistry responses to the elevated CO 2 and O 3 treatments differed between species. Aspen was most responsive, while maple was the least responsive of the three tree species. Aspen genotype affected the responses of wood chemistry and, to some extent, wood structure to the treatments. The lignin concentration increased under elevated O 3 in four clones of aspen and in birch. However, elevated CO 2 ameliorated the effect. In two aspen clones, nitrogen in wood samples decreased under combined exposure to CO 2 and O 3 . Soluble sugar concentration in one aspen clone and starch concentration in two clones were increased by elevated CO 2 . In aspen wood, α ‐cellulose concentration changed under elevated CO 2 , decreasing under ambient O 3 and slightly increasing under elevated O 3 . Hemicellulose concentration in birch was decreased by elevated CO 2 and increased by elevated O 3 . In aspen, elevated O 3 induced statistically significant reductions in distance from the pith to the bark and vessel lumen diameter, as well as increased wall thickness and wall percentage, and in one clone, decreased fibre lumen diameter. Our results show that juvenile wood properties of broadleaves, depending on species and genotype, were altered by atmospheric gas concentrations predicted for the year 2050 and that CO 2 ameliorates some adverse effects of elevated O 3 on wood chemistry.
Inclusive<i>J</i>/ψ, ψ(2<i>S</i>), and<i>b</i>-quark production in<i>p</i>¯<i>p</i>collisions at √<i>s</i>=1.8 TeV (1992)

Inclusive J/\ensuremath{\psi} and \ensuremath{\psi}(2S) production has been studied in p\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}p collisions at \ensuremath{\surd}s =1.8 TeV using 2.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2 ${\mathrm{pb}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ of data taken with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. The products of production cross section times branching fraction were measured as functions of ${\mathit{P}}_{\mathit{T}}$ for J/\ensuremath{\psi}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}^{+}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ and \ensuremath{\psi}(2S)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}^{+}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$. In the kinematic range ${\mathit{P}}_{\mathit{T}}$&gt;6 GeV/c and \ensuremath{\Vert}\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\Vert}\ensuremath{\le}0.5 we get \ensuremath{\sigma}(p\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi} X)B(J/\ensuremath{\psi}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}^{+}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$) =6.88\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.23(stat${)}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1.08}^{+0.93}$(syst) nb, and \ensuremath{\sigma}(p\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\psi}(2S)X)B(\ensuremath{\psi}(2S)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}^{+}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$) =0.232\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.051(stat${)}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}0.032}^{+0.029}$(syst)nb. From these values we calculate the inclusive b-quark production cross section.
Dendritic cell migration from the periphery to lymph nodes (2006)

The prevailing model, supported by research published so far is that DC migration from peripheral tissues to lymph nodes is regulated by signals within the periphery itself—signals that will affect maturation of DCs, expression of CCR7, and expression of its ligands by lymphatics. Given that the lymph node itself is quite a distance anatomically from the peripheral site where migration is initiated, no models have incorporated a role for the lymph node itself in regulating DC migration. Thus, naturally, considerations of how DC migration might be altered have focused on attempts to manipulate the peripheral environment where DCs are induced to enter lymphatics. For example, conditioning the periphery has been reported to increase the number of DCs that mobilize to lymph nodes. When a robust immune response develops, lymph nodes expand in size, allowing for increased sampling between possible T cells and DC partners. During this expansion, and indeed in lymph nodes that naturally vary in size in different anatomic locations, there is a relatively constant ratio between DCs and lymphocytes. This is consistent with the possibility that activity in the lymph node could have an affect on the “upstream” peripheral environment. We show that, indeed, more DCs from the periphery enter larger, expanding lymph nodes, and this increase in DCs accumulating within lymph nodes is not an artifact that instead is caused by proliferation of migrated DCs, increased survival of migrated DCs, or increased retention of DCs in the lymph node. Data will be presented to reveal a surprising result that B cells that home to the lymph nodes regulate the magnitude of DC migration from the periphery and lymph node expansion in general during the induction of an immune response. Part of the role for B cells in this process is the production of VEGF in response to immunization that leads to the expansion of lymphatic vessels that support more efficient entry of DCs into the LN from the periphery.
Effects of low dose GM-CSF on microglial inflammatory profiles to diverse pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) (2007)

We demonstrate that low levels of GM-CSF are sufficient to expand microglial numbers without significantly affecting their immunological responses following activation of TLR2, TLR4 or TLR3 signaling. Therefore, low dose GM-CSF can be considered as a reliable method to achieve higher microglial yields without introducing dramatic activation artifacts.