gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1362: Nuclear morphometry measures progressive atypia in the development of pancreatic carcinoma (2014)

Abstract Pancreatic lesions that are not clearly benign are often treated as malignant despite uncertainty in the true diagnosis due to the nearly universally fatal nature of pancreatic carcinoma (PC). Nuclear morphometry is a technique to quantify nuclear features too complex for the human eye to discern. We hypothesized that nuclear atypia can be quantified with morphometry in order to distinguish between chronic pancreatitis, IPMN, and PC. We retrospectively analyzed 14 specimens of chronic pancreatitis, 16 IPMN lesions, and 19 PC lesions. Clinicopathologic data were obtained. Nuclear morphometry determined overall atypia based on the average nuclear abnormality of 95 distinct nuclear features (a nuclear signature). For PC lesions, 5 nuclear features defined a classification score (CS) representing the proportion of aggressive nuclei in a given PC lesion. Statistical significance was determined with ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The average age for all patients was 63 ± 15 years while 62% were male; there were no differences between the 3 groups. The follow up was approximately 4 years in all groups as well. The average nuclear atypia of chronic pancreatitis was 0.80, 0.99 for IPMN, and 1.08 for PC (P = 0.02). Importantly, based on 5 nuclear features, the CS for PC lesions that recurred was 87% while it was only 56% for those PC lesions that did recur (P = 0.04). The research describes a precise, accurate, and objective method to distinguish IPMN from PC. The CS and overall atypia score provides a method to not only objectively describe a given lesion, but it importantly describes where in the progression from benign to malignant lesion an unknown lesion exists. Clinically, this may be of great utility in risk stratifying unknown pancreatic lesions at the time of diagnosis or tissue biopsy. Citation Format: Evan S. Glazer, Kimberly A. Hill, Hao (Helen) Zhang, Peter Bartels, Joseph Watkins, David S. Alberts, Robert S. Krouse. Nuclear morphometry measures progressive atypia in the development of pancreatic carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1362. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1362
Illumination sensitive dynamic virtual sets (2007)

We will demonstrate new methods of flexible scene capture (including motion, orientation, and incident illumination), to create a dynamic 'virtual recording set.' We use tracking tags that are imperceptible under attire; inserted Computer Graphics elements can match the lighting on the presenter, making the technique ideal for real-time broadcast.
Global estimates of mortality associated with long-term exposure to outdoor fine particulate matter (2018)

Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) is a major global health concern. Quantitative estimates of attributable mortality are based on disease-specific hazard ratio models that incorporate risk information from multiple PM<sub>2.5</sub> sources (outdoor and indoor air pollution from use of solid fuels and secondhand and active smoking), requiring assumptions about equivalent exposure and toxicity. We relax these contentious assumptions by constructing a PM<sub>2.5</sub>-mortality hazard ratio function based only on cohort studies of outdoor air pollution that covers the global exposure range. We modeled the shape of the association between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and nonaccidental mortality using data from 41 cohorts from 16 countries-the Global Exposure Mortality Model (GEMM). We then constructed GEMMs for five specific causes of death examined by the global burden of disease (GBD). The GEMM predicts 8.9 million [95% confidence interval (CI): 7.5-10.3] deaths in 2015, a figure 30% larger than that predicted by the sum of deaths among the five specific causes (6.9; 95% CI: 4.9-8.5) and 120% larger than the risk function used in the GBD (4.0; 95% CI: 3.3-4.8). Differences between the GEMM and GBD risk functions are larger for a 20% reduction in concentrations, with the GEMM predicting 220% higher excess deaths. These results suggest that PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure may be related to additional causes of death than the five considered by the GBD and that incorporation of risk information from other, nonoutdoor, particle sources leads to underestimation of disease burden, especially at higher concentrations.
The interaction of 193-nm excimer laser radiation with single-crystal zinc oxide: The generation of atomic Zn line emission at laser fluences below breakdown (2013)

The production of gas phase atomic and ionic line spectra accompanying the high laser fluence irradiation of solid surfaces is well known and is most often due to the production and interaction of high densities of atoms, ions, and electrons generated from laser-induced breakdown. The resulting plasma expands and moves rapidly away from the irradiated spot and is accompanied by intense emission of light. This type of “plume” is well studied and is frequently exploited in the technique of chemical analysis known as laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. Here, we describe a similar but weaker emission of light generated in vacuum by the laser irradiation of single crystal ZnO at fluences well below breakdown; this emission consists entirely of optical line emission from excited atomic Zn. We compare the properties of the resulting laser-generated gas-phase light emission (above and below breakdown) and describe a mechanism for the production of the low-fluence optical emission resulting from a fortuitous choice of material and laser wavelength.
Auswirkungen nachträglich hydratisierender Portlandzement-Partikel in Zementstein und Mörtel bei sehr niedrigen w/z-Werten (2005)

Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Beantwortung der Frage, unter welchen Bedingungen nicht hydratisierter Portlandzementklinker in erhärtetem Portlandzementstein mit nachträglich von außen zugeführtem Wasser reagiert. Es sollte geklärt werden ob diese späte Hydratation eine „treibende Reaktion“ darstellt, welche das Gefüge durch Bildung voluminöser Reaktionsprodukte schädigt und somit die Dauerhaftigkeit und Festigkeit des Bindemittelsteins beeinträchtigt.\nEs wurde gezeigt, daß Portlandzementsteine, welche mit niedrigem Wasser/Zement-Wert hergestellt waren, und somit einen hohen Anteil an nicht hydratisiertem Klinker aufwiesen, bis zu einer Hydratationsdauer von 360 d und einer relativen Umgebungsfeuchte von mehr als 95 % bzw. unter Wasser kontinuierlich hydratisierten, mit allen bekanntenund gewünschten Konsequenzen,\ninsbesondere Gefügeverdichtung sowie Festigkeitszuwachs. Erst nach 540 d konnten Indizien für schädliche Gefügeveränderungen festgestellt werden, welche aber nicht systematisch zu Festigkeitsverlusten führten. Mit Hilfe der Auflicht-UV-Mikroskopie konnte lediglich eine einzige ungünstige Probe identifiziert werden, bei der Gefügeschädigungen in Form von sternförmigen\nRissen ausgehend von nachträglich hydratisierten Klinkerpartikeln auftraten. Es handelte sich um einen CEM I 32.5 R mit KSt 99 unter Zusatz von 10 M.-% Klinkergrieß 125-250 µm bei isothermer Lagerung bei 50 °C unter Wasser.\nDamit steht fest, daß eine der wichtigsten Eigenschaften des Portlandzementsteins, seine Druckfestigkeit, im betrachteten Zeitintervall und bei den betrachteten Lagerungen nicht systematisch durch nachträgliche Hydratation verschlechtert wird. Lediglich bei außergewöhnlichen Bedingungen - wie stark erhöhter Temperatur in Verbindung mit einem sehr grobem Bindemittel - konnten nachträglich hydratisierte Portlandzementpartikel mit Hilfe der\nUV-Mikroskopie für Gefügeschäden verantwortlich gemacht werden.
Additional WebRTC audio codecs for interoperability with legacy networks. (2014)

To ensure a baseline level of interoperability between WebRTC clients,
[I-D.ietf-rtcweb-audio] requires a minimum set of codecs. However, to
maximize the possibility to establish the session without the need for
audio transcoding, it is also recommended to include in the offer
other suitable audio codecs that are available to the browser. This
document provides some guidelines on the suitable codecs to be
considered for WebRTC clients to address the most relevant
interoperability use cases.
Investigation of Research-Oriented Experimental Teaching under a Simulated Researching Environment (2010)

The research-oriented experimental teaching based on cultivating the undergraduates' research ability is a big challenge for domestic universities.Through setting several important measures to implement research-oriented (experimental) teaching,including constructing simulated research-oriented(environment,) it can carry out research-oriented(experimental) teaching activities based on researching.The method and mechanism of implementing research-oriented experimental teaching were discussed.
Use of a temporary immersion bioreactor system for the sustainable production of thapsigargin in shoot cultures of Thapsia garganica (2018)

Shoot regeneration, rooting and biomass growth from leaf explants of <i>T. garganica</i> were achieved, together with a high yield in vitro production of thapsigargin in TIBs.
Comparison of University of Wisconsin and Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate Solutions in Donation After Cardiac Death Liver Transplantation. (2014)

Aim There is no consensus on the optimal preservation solution in DCD liver transplantation (LTx), especially regarding the risk of ischemic-type biliary lesions (ITBL). Both UW and HTK solutions have been successfully used. We reviewed our experience with both preservation solutions in DCD LTx. Methods We performed 35 adult primary DCD LTx between 1/2008-10/2013. UW was used in 24(69%) grafts (group A) and HTK in 11(31%, group B), depending on the procuring OPO protocol. Donor age, BMI, ethnicity, warm ischemia time and macrosteatosis (gr. A biopsies n=14, gr. B n=6) were comparable between the 2 groups. We compared UW and HTK in terms of AST/ALT decline within the first week, incidence and timing of biliary complications requiring ERCP and patient and graft survival. Results Median follow-up was 619 days (range 65-1596). Overall, 11(29%) patients developed ITBL at a median of 130 days after LTx (range 48-482): 7(29%) in gr. A and 4(36%) in gr. B (p=0.71). Time interval from LTx to ERCP was comparable between gr. A (median 141±167 days) and gr. B (median 117.5±117.5 days; p=0.78).Figure: No Caption available.The AST/ALT decline within the first week was comparable in the two groups (POD1 median AST/ALT=1032/866 vs. 1166/705 [p=0.18] and POD7 47/170 vs. 55/219 [p=0.84]). Three-year patient survival was 73% and 78% (p=0.71) and graft survival was 74% and 78% (p=0.72), respectively.Figure: No Caption available.Conclusion In our experience of DCD LTx, UW and HTK are comparable in terms of early post-transplant recovery from ischemic injury as reflected by the decline of transaminases, incidence and timing of biliary stricture requiring ERCP and patient and graft survival. Larger series are warranted to further determine the impact of different preservation solutions on the outcome of DCD LTx.
Efficacy of Low-dose Paclitaxel and Cisplatin in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (2001)

The combination chemotherapy with low-dose paclitaxel and cisplatin was effective and tolerable in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of Allylic Cyanides to Ketoimines (2008)

Direct catalytic asymmetric addition of allylic cyanides to N-diphenylphosphinoyl ketoimines with a bimetallic catalytic system comprising Ph-BPE/[Cu(CH3CN)4]ClO4/LiOAr is described. Intermediary alpha-adducts readily isomerized to afford synthetically useful alpha,beta-unsaturated nitriles bearing an optically active tetrasubstituted carbon. Applicability to aromatic, heteroaromatic, and aliphatic ketoimines exemplifies wide substrate generality. Transformation of the product into densely functionalized material showcases the utility of the present protocol.
Micro-patterning of LiMn2O4 Electrode Using Sol–Gel Process for Lithium Micro-batteries (2005)

Abstract Micro-dot array of LiMn2O4 on Au substrate was prepared by sol–gel process combined with a micro-injection technology. The size of a dot of LiMn2O4 was 50 μm, and dot population density on the substrate was 5000 dots cm−2. Electrochemical properties of micro-dots of LiMn2O4 in a PMMA-gel electrolyte were characterized as cathode for lithium micro-batteries. A micro-dot of LiMn2O4 exhibited a discharge capacity of 1.8 μC dot−1, and the capacity fade was only 21% over 200 charge–discharge cycles.
Modeling and defining expert handwriting behavior (2009)

Computer based training has become an increasingly attractive alternative to traditional training methods for skill acquisition, and the topic of skill modeling has become one of great interest. One of the key problems in computer-based training is automatic skill evaluation, which requires precise and accurate skill modeling. In order to evaluate and model human skills it is necessary to identify a relevant set of attributes by which skill can be measured, interpreted and evaluated by computers. In this paper we present our work on attributed skill transfer and focus on the specific task of writing. Identifying the central attributes associated with writing and analyzing the consistencies of these attributes within and among subjects determines whether one unique expert model can be derived from a pool of experts. In our study key attributes of hand writing were identified and statistical analysis on subject data was conducted. In our analysis we found experts' behavior can be modeled using the parameters and the same could be used to distinguish between experts and novices, lending itself as an evaluation tool.
Fine-Tuning Reception in the Bone: PPAR<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi></mml:math>and Company (2006)

PPARgamma plays a central role in the formation of fat. Regulation of PPARgamma activity depends on numerous factors ranging from dietary ligands to nuclear hormone coactivators and corepressors to oxygen-sensing mechanisms. In addition, the interplay of PPARgamma with other nuclear hormone receptors has implications for the balance between adipogenesis and osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells of the bone marrow stroma. This review will explore a range of factors influencing PPARgamma activity and how these interactions may affect osteogenesis.
Deposition of Cu–Ag Alloy Film by Supercritical Fluid Deposition (2006)

Cu–Ag alloy films for microelectronics interconnects were deposited by H2 reduction of bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)copper(II) [Cu(tmhd)2] and (1,5-cyclooctadiene) (hexafluoroacetylacetonato)silver(I) [Ag(hfac)(COD)] in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). By varying Ag precursor concentration from 0.001 to 0.003 mol %, while keeping Cu precursor concentration constant, the maximum Ag content in the film can be adjusted from 1.2 to 7.8 at. %. Silver in the films was concentrated near the substrate, because Ag deposition could be initiated first during the deposition process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that a strong Cu(111) texture was formed for all the deposited films including pure Cu film. It was also found that Ag alloying by supercritical fluid deposition (SCFD) would not deteriorate surface quality of Cu film. The electrical resistivity of Cu–Ag film was determined to be between 3.7 and 5.0 µΩ·cm.
IgA, IgG, and Anti-Pasteurella multocida Antibody Levels in Bursectomized and/or Cyclophosphamide-Treated Turkeys after CU Vaccination (1993)

In bursectomized, cyclophosphamide-treated, and bursectomized/cyclophosphamide-treated turkeys, IgA, IgG, and anti-Pasteurella multocida were determined before and after vaccination with the Clemson University (CU) strain of P. multocida. Before vaccination, the average total serum level of IgA was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in bursectomized and bursectomized/cyclophosphamide-treated turkeys than in untreated controls, and the average serum levels of anti-P. multocida were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in bursectomized, cyclophosphamide-treated, and bursectomized/cyclophosphamide-treated turkeys than in untreated controls. After vaccination, average serum IgA levels were still significantly (P < 0.05) lower in all treated groups of turkeys than in the untreated controls. Also after vaccination, total IgG increased significantly (P < 0.05) only in the bursectomized turkeys, and serum anti-P. multocida antibody levels increased significantly (P < 0.05) in cyclophosphamide-treated, bursectomized/cyclophosphamide-treated, and untreated turkeys. After challenge with virulent P. multocida, survivability was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the three treated groups of turkeys than in the untreated groups.
Properties of recombinant fluorescent proteins from Photobacterium leiognathi and their interaction with luciferase intermediates (1995)

Ligand binding and luciferase interaction properties of the recombinant protein corresponding to the lumazine protein gene (EMBL X56534) of Photobacterium leiognathi have been determined by fluorescence dynamics, circular dichroism, gel filtration, and SDS-PAGE. Scatchard analysis of a fluorescence titration shows that the apoprotein possess one binding site, and at 30 degrees C the KdS (microM) are as follows: 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine, 0.26; riboflavin, 0.53; and much more weakly bound FMN, 30. All holoproteins are highly fluorescent and have absorption spectra distinct from each other and from the free ligands. The longest wavelength absorption maxima are, respectively (nm, 2 degrees C), 420, 463, and 458. Ligand binding produces no change in the far-UV circular dichroism; all have mean residual ellipticity at 210 nm of -6500 deg cm2 dmol-1, the same as the native protein. However, in the bioluminescence reaction only the lumazine holoprotein shows a bioluminescence effect. Fluorescence emission anisotropy decay was used to establish that none of these holoproteins complexed with native luciferase and that the lumazine protein alone formed a 1:1 complex with the luciferase hydroxyflavin fluorescent transient and the luciferase peroxyflavin intermediates, revealed by a dominant channel of anisotropy loss, with rotational correlation time of 2.5 ns, and attributed to excitation transfer from the luciferase flavin donor to the acceptor, the lumazine ligand. The complex stability was sufficient to allow its isolation by FPLC gel filtration and verification by SDS-PAGE. These methods also confirmed the absence of interaction of the holoflavoproteins.
Development of a Low‐Density Rhenium‐Free Single Crystal Nickel‐Based Superalloy by Application of Numerical Multi‐Criteria Optimization Using Thermodynamic Calculations (2016)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements References
Study of a self-diagnosis system for an autonomous mobile robot (2000)

(2000). Study of a self-diagnosis system for an autonomous mobile robot. Advanced Robotics: Vol. 14, No. 5, pp. 339-341.
Die Synthese verschiedener Carbonsäuren durch den Multienzymkomplex der Fettsäuresynthese aus Hefe und die Erklärung ihrer Bildung (1969)

The purified multienzyme complex, fatty acid synthetase of yeast, produces palmityl‐CoA and stearyl‐CoA in equal amounts under standard conditions, with adequate NADPH, and a 1:2 ratio of acetyl‐CoA and malonyl‐CoA. Based on the known enzymatic properties of fatty acid synthetase a model which rationalizes the chain termination at the level of C 16 and C 18 ‐acid is proposed. The model is based on two assumptions that are supported by experimental evidence: (a) the probability of any covalently enzyme‐bound saturated acyl residue forming a product by transfer to CoA is determined by the relative velocities of the condensing and transferring reactions. (b) The growing alkan chain interacts with the enzyme protein only after a chain length of 13 carbon atoms has been attained; this interaction changes the relative velocities in favour of product formation by an energy increment of ‐0.9 kcal for each additional methylene group beyond the 13 th . To calculate the probability of product release at a particular chain length, an equation was derived from the model describing quantitatively the observed product distribution. The formula suggests conditions under which either short acyl‐CoA derivatives or exclusively stearyl‐CoA can be produced. Synthesis under these conditions was examined experimentally and results indicated that the formula can be applied to a wide range of experimental conditions. Because the condensation reaction in fatty acid synthesis is the rate limiting step under normal conditions, saturated acyl residues have the longest life‐time as intermediates and consequently the highest probability of leaving the enzyme complex as an endproduct. The reduction reactions can be made rate limiting when the NADPH level drops. Under such circumstances β‐ketoacyl‐CoA's and α,β‐unsaturated acyl‐CoA's appear as endproducts. With NADH as electron donor the first reduction is slowed to such an extent that predominantly β‐ketoacyl‐CoA's derivatives are synthesized. The possibility that the enzyme complex catalyses synthesis of short chain fatty acids and and β‐ketoacids in vivo is discussed.
LEGAL COUNTERACTION TO HIGH-TECH TERRORISM UNDER THE LAW OF THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM (2018)

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69 Do ‘complete streets’ policies decrease the risk of fatalities for adult bicyclists? (2017)

<h3>Statement of purpose</h3> To estimate the impact of Complete Streets policies (requiring streets to be designed for all users) on the prevalence of bicycling and on bicyclist fatality rates. <h3>Approach</h3> We merged Smart Growth America county-level data on Complete Streets policies with Fatality Analysis Reporting System counts of adult bicyclist fatalities due to motor vehicle collision during the period 2000 through 2015. For each county at each year, we estimated the size of the bicycling population using commute data from the American Community Survey and US Census. Based on prior research, we estimated that each bicycle commuter accounted for 4.7 adult bicyclists. To estimate the impact of policies, we used the parametric g-formula, an approach that uses observations from counties without policies to estimate what would have been observed in the absence of policies. To avoid spurious results due to sparse data, we limited analyses to 89 counties in the US where at least 1000 residents reported commuting to work by bicycle in the 2000 Census. <h3>Results</h3> There were 4649 adult bicyclist fatalities over an estimated 27.2 million bicyclist-years in these 89 counties, or about 204 fatalities per 1 00 000 bicyclist-years. Complete Streets policies were associated with 5% (95% CI: 1%, 9%) greater adult bicycling prevalence, and about 20 (95% CI: 11, 29) fatalities per 1 00 000 adult bicyclist-years. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Adoption of Complete Streets policies may modestly encourage adult bicycling and decrease per-bicyclist fatality risk among adults. <h3>Significance</h3> Complete Streets policies appear to make bicycling safer for adults. Further investigation of the impact of Complete Streets policies is warranted, including exploring different Complete Streets policy formulations, acquiring more precise counts of the bicycling population (particularly the child bicyclist population), and determining whether bicyclist fatalities occurred on or near re-engineered streets.