gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Disparate requirements for the Walker A and B ATPase motifs of human RAD51D in homologous recombination (2006)

In vertebrates, homologous recombinational repair (HRR) requires RAD51 and five RAD51 paralogs (XRCC2, XRCC3, RAD51B, RAD51C and RAD51D) that all contain conserved Walker A and B ATPase motifs. In human RAD51D we examined the requirement for these motifs in interactions with XRCC2 and RAD51C, and for survival of cells in response to DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). Ectopic expression of wild-type human RAD51D or mutants having a non-functional A or B motif was used to test for complementation of a rad51d knockout hamster CHO cell line. Although A-motif mutants complement very efficiently, B-motif mutants do not. Consistent with these results, experiments using the yeast two- and three-hybrid systems show that the interactions between RAD51D and its XRCC2 and RAD51C partners also require a functional RAD51D B motif, but not motif A. Similarly, hamster Xrcc2 is unable to bind to the non-complementing human RAD51D B-motif mutants in co-immunoprecipitation assays. We conclude that a functional Walker B motif, but not A motif, is necessary for RAD51D's interactions with other paralogs and for efficient HRR. We present a model in which ATPase sites are formed in a bipartite manner between RAD51D and other RAD51 paralogs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Versatile Cyclodehydration Reaction for the Synthesis of Isoquinoline and β‐Carboline Derivatives. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Risedronate reduces intracortical porosity in women with osteoporosis (2009)

Nonvertebral fractures account for 80% of all fractures and their accompanying morbidity and mortality. Despite this, the effect of drug therapy on cortical morphology has received limited attention, partly because cortical bone is believed to remodel less and decrease less with age than trabecular bone. However, the haversian canals traversing the cortex provide a surface for remodeling that produces bone loss, porosity, and cortical fragility. We developed a new method of 3D micro-computed tomography (microCT) to quantify intracortical porosity and the effects of treatment. Women with osteoporosis randomized to risedronate (5 mg/day, n = 28) or placebo (n = 21) had paired transiliac biopsies at baseline and 5 years imaged using 3D microCT. Pores determined from 8 to 12 slices were stratified by their minor axis length into those 25 to 100 microm (closing cone of haversian canals), 100 to 300 microm (cutting cone of haversian canals), and >300 microm (coalescent cavities). Porosity was analyzed as pore area (percent bone area) and pore density (pore number/mm(2)). Medians are reported. Risedronate reduced pore area in the 25 to 100, 100 to 300, and 300 to 500 microm ranges over 5 years (p = .0008, .04, NS, respectively) corresponding to an 18% to 25% reduction. In the placebo group, pore area was unchanged. At 5 years, pore area and pore number/mm(2) in the 25 to 100 microm range were each 17% lower in the risedronate group than in the placebo group (p = .02 and .04, respectively). Risedronate is likely to maintain bone strength and reduce nonvertebral fracture risk in part by reducing remodeling and therefore the number and size of intracortical cavities.
Ubiquitous Short-Range Distortion of Hybrid Perovskites and Hydrogen-Bonding Role: the MAPbCl<sub>3</sub> Case (2018)

The local structure of MAPbCl3 has been investigated through the combined use of X-ray and neutron pair distribution function (PDF) analysis and computational modeling. The results indicate the presence of a significant level of distortion at the short-range, irrespective of the average structure found by diffraction, and this suggests a possible correlation between the type of distortion and the features of the strongest H–X bond. The distortion of the octahedra decreases by reducing temperature, but the overall tilting of the octahedral system increases, and such tilting depends on the size of the anion. The comparison of the short-range structural data available on the MAPbX3 family strongly indicates a common pattern of the local structural distortion in these systems.
[Diffusion of fosfomycin into the human and rabbit eye (aqueous humor and vitreous body)]. (1986)

The intraocular distribution of fosfomycin was studied in 32 patients undergoing cataract surgery and in 8 rabbits after experimental infection of one eye by Staphylococcus aureus. Concentrations found 1 to 6 hours after termination of a 4 g fosfomycin infusion ranged from 14 to 18.8 mg/l in the aqueous humor and 8 to 12.5 mg/l in the vitreous body. These levels are higher than the MICs for 80 to 90% of the bacteria responsible for endophthalmitis. In each rabbit, the fosfomycin concentration in the infected eye as compared to the healthy eye was increased 2.5 to 5--fold for the aqueous humor and 4.9 to 19.2--fold for the vitreous body. Fosfomycin, in association with a third generation cephalosporin (ceftriaxone) or one of the new quinolones (pefloxacin) can be recommended for the prevention or early treatment of endophthalmitis.
Radio spectrum maps for emerging IoT and 5G networks: Applications to smart buildings (2017)

The high demand for wireless Internet including emerging Internet of Things (IoT) applications is putting extreme pressure on better utilisation of the available radio spectrum. The expected spectrum “crunch” requires highly efficient radio resource management schemes with low complexity and high responsiveness to the changing network conditions. Spectrum sharing is regarded as an essential approach to regaining access to otherwise unused spectrum and it is considered an essential component in the development of IoT and 5G networks. Spectrum sharing can be conducted at different time scales. As the time scale of the operation of spectrum sharing decreases, the possibility for utilising more available spectrum holes increases. However, the shorter time scale brings with it challenges. Efficient decisions regarding the use of spectrum sharing require accurate knowledge of the spatial and temporal spectrum use in a geographical area of interest. This knowledge can be represented in Radio Spectrum Maps which need to be generated efficiently and accurately. In this paper we give an overview of the spectrum sharing concept for IoT and 5G networks. We also present our research on spectrum sharing to enable Smart Building IoT applications.
Phosphate Removal from Water Using Novel Fe2+-KMnO4 Process: Significant Role of In Situ–Formed Fe(III) (2014)

This paper investigated the phosphate removal from aqueous solutions using the Fe2+-KMnO4 process. Results indicated that the reaction of Fe2+ and KMnO4 in the Fe2+-KMnO4 process could synergistically increase the removal of phosphate compared with those achieved by Fe(III) coagulation and MnO2 adsorption at pH≥7. It was necessary that the optimal Fe/P molar ratio was above 3 for effective phosphate removal because of effects of coexisting substances. At pH 7.0, phosphate removal approached a maximum within approximately 5 min. Competing effects of sulfate, bicarbonate, and silicate on phosphate removal were slight. The presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ had limited effects on phosphate removal at pH≤4 but resulted in a significant increase at pH≥5. Coprecipitation was considered as the dominant mechanism about phosphate removal in the Fe2+-KMnO4 process. Fe(III) formed in situ was primarily responsible for phosphate removal. Additionally, in-situ-formed MnO2 also contributed to the phosphate removal through complexation adsorption. The Fe2+-KMnO4 process had the potential to be utilized in natural water and municipal wastewater treatment for phosphate removal.
Low complexity single microphone tonal noise reduction in vehicular traffic environments (2015)

A low complexity single microphone Tonal Noise Reduction (TNR) technique is presented for speech enhancement. This method is particularly effective in noisy environments which contain tonal noise sources, such as vehicular horns and alarms. TNR was designed to have low complexity and low memory requirements for use with battery operated communication devices. TNR detects the probability of the presence of these tonal noises which contaminate the desired speech signals. These noises are then attenuated using the proposed system for noise suppression. This is particularly effective for noise sources with a harmonic spectral structure. The proposed TNR system is able to maintain a balance between the level of noise reduction and speech distortion. Listening tests were performed to confirm the results. TNR can be used together with a general noise reduction system as a postprocessing stage by reducing the residual noise components.
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with decompensated cirrhosis: case series (2007)

Invasive aspergillosis should be among rapidly raised hypothesis in cirrhotic patients developing acute respiratory symptoms and alveolar opacities.
Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Polymeric Materials Containing Azopyridine Units (2006)

Abstract Summary: The synthesis and characterization of a series of supramolecular polymeric complexes formed by H‐bonding interactions between benzoic acid and azopyridine derivatives are described. A series of polymeric networks have been synthesized using a polymethacrylate bearing benzoic acid units as side groups, and several polymers with azopyridine as H‐acceptor side groups. Furthermore, low‐molecular‐weight pyridine derivatives have been used to prepare an homologous side‐chain polymer, and a network with azopyridine as a non‐covalent crosslinker. Special attention was paid to the thermal and mesomorphic properties of these materials, which were studied by DSC, POM, and XRD. Micrograph of the mesomorphic melt of a sample taken at 130 °C on cooling from the isotropic state. magnified image Micrograph of the mesomorphic melt of a sample taken at 130 °C on cooling from the isotropic state.
Cost Effective Silver Nanowire-Decorated Graphene Paper for Drop-On SERS Biodetection (2021)

The use of SERS for real-world bioanalytical applications represents a concrete opportunity, which, however, is being largely delayed by the inadequacy of existing substrates used to collect SERS spectra. In particular, the main bottleneck is their poor usability, as in the case of unsupported noble metal colloidal nanoparticles or because of the need for complex or highly specialized fabrication procedures, especially in view of a large-scale commercial diffusion. In this work, we introduce a graphene paper-supported plasmonic substrate for biodetection as obtained by a simple and rapid aerosol deposition patterning of silver nanowires. This substrate is compatible with the analysis of small (2 μL) analyte drops, providing stable SERS signals at sub-millimolar concentration and a detection limit down to the nanogram level in the case of hemoglobin. The presence of a graphene underlayer assures an even surface distribution of SERS hotspots with improved stability of the SERS signal, the collection of well-resolved and intense SERS spectra, and an ultra-flat and photostable SERS background in comparison with other popular disposable supports.
The Effects of Thermal Degradation on the Performance of a NO&lt;sub&gt;X&lt;/sub&gt; Storage/Reduction Catalyst (2009)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The performance characteristics of a commercial lean-NO&lt;sub&gt;X&lt;/sub&gt; trap catalyst were evaluated between 200 and 500°C, using H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, CO, and a mixture of both H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and CO as reductants before and after different high-temperature aging steps, from 600 to 750°C. Tests included NO&lt;sub&gt;X&lt;/sub&gt; reduction efficiency during cycling, NO&lt;sub&gt;X&lt;/sub&gt; storage capacity (NSC), oxygen storage capacity (OSC), and water-gas-shift (WGS) and NO oxidation reaction extents. The WGS reaction extent at 200 and 300°C was negatively affected by thermal degradation, but at 400 and 500°C no significant change was observed. Changes in the extent of NO oxidation did not show a consistent trend as a function of thermal degradation. The total NSC was tested at 200, 350 and 500°C. Little change was observed at 500°C with thermal degradation but a steady decrease was observed at 350°C as the thermal degradation temperature was increased. At 200°C, there was also a steady decrease in NO&lt;sub&gt;X&lt;/sub&gt; storage capacity, except after aging at 700°C for 2 hours, where the capacity actually increased. The OSC decreased at test temperatures between 200 and 500°C after each increase in thermal degradation temperature, except again when the sample was degraded at 700°C for 2 hours, where an increase was observed. In the cycling experiments, a gradual drop in NO&lt;sub&gt;X&lt;/sub&gt; conversion was observed after each thermal degradation temperature, but when the catalyst was aged at 700°C for up to 2 to 5 hours, an increase in conversion was observed. These data suggest that there was redispersion or activation of a trapping material component during initial 700°C thermal degradation treatments while the OSC data indicate redispersion or activation of oxygen storage components. We propose that the oxygen storage components become “activated” as trapping materials when an initial 700°C thermal degradation is imposed.&lt;/div&gt;
Temperature-independent strain sensor based on a tapered Bragg fibre fabricated using a CO<sub>2</sub>laser (2016)

Temperature-independent strain measurement is achieved resorting to a taper fabricated on a Bragg fibre using a CO<sub>2</sub> laser. The characteristic bimodal interference of an untapered Bragg fibre is rendered multimode after taper fabrication and the resulting transmission spectra are analysed as temperature and strain change. The intrinsic strain sensitivity exhibited by the Bragg fibre is increased 15 fold after tapering and reaches 22.68 pm/&mu;epsilon. The difference in wavelength shift promoted by variations in temperature and strain for the two fringes studied is examined and strain sensing with little temperature sensitivity is achieved, presenting a sensitivity of 2.86 pm/&mu;epsilon, for strain values up to 400 &mu;epsilon.
Supplementary Figures 6-8 from Extracorporeal Photochemotherapy Drives Monocyte-to-Dendritic Cell Maturation to Induce Anticancer Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Additional data for Figures 4, 5, and 6, respectively, showing representative tumor growth volumes, for review and publication&lt;/p&gt;
Addition of bevacizumab or sunitinib to biweekly cetuximab and irinotecan as salvage therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer after failure to CetIri (2009)

e15011 Background: The combination of cetuximab and irinotecan (CetIri) given biweekly has shown remarkable efficacy in patients with chemo-resistent metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). At the time of PD to CetIri many patients are still in an excellent performance status and they are often requesting further therapy. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown an additive effect of inhibiting both the EGFR and the VEGF pathways. The Danish National Board of Health (DNBH) launched a national programme for experimental cancer therapy in 2004. According to this programme, non-proven therapy may be offered after approval by an expert panel appointed by DNBH that subsequently finances the cost of treatment. Inspired by BOND-2, we have offered dual-modulated therapy with a combination of biweekly CetIri with either bevacizumab 5 mg/kg (CIB) or sunitinib 25 mg/day continuously (CIS). Methods: Observational study designed to evaluate the toxicity and safety of CIB or CIS. From January 2007 to April 2008, 51 patients received either CIB (n=24) or CIS (n=27) at two oncologic departments. Therapy was approved by DNBH in each case. All patients had mCRC resistant to 5-FU, oxaliplatin, irinotecan and CetIri. CIB or CIS was offered independently of KRAS status and EGFR expression. Results: Results were updated December 1st 2008. Median duration of therapy was 30 weeks/10 weeks, response rate was 8%/0%, median PFS was 8.7/3.2 months and median OS was 12.1/8.7 months, respectively for CIB/CIS. Toxicity was comparable except for patients receiving CIS where fatigue and diarrhea were more common. Conclusions: Modulation of the VEGF pathway in combination with biweekly CetIri is a promising and tolerable treatment option for patients with mCRC refractory to CetIri. Some patients had extraordinary long PFS and OS. We are currently performing translation research into predictive markers. [Table: see text]
The role of<i>in vitro</i>methods as alternatives to animals in toxicity testing (2013)

There is a transfer of toxicological data from primary in vivo animal studies to in vitro assays. The key element for designing an integrated in vitro testing strategy is summarized as follows: exposure modeling of chemical agents for in vitro testing; data gathering, sharing and read-across for testing a class of chemical; a battery of tests to assemble a broad spectrum of data on different mechanisms of action to predict toxic effects; and applicability of the test and the integrated in vitro testing strategies and flexibility to adjust the integrated in vitro testing strategies to test substance. While these methods will be invaluable if effective, more studies must be done to ensure reliability and suitability of these tests for humans.
Complex Fracture Geometry Investigations Conducted on Western-Siberian Oil Fields at Rosneft Company (2007)

Abstract The generalization of Hydraulic fracturing in West Siberia and the increase of job size over the recent year can impact the field development strategy. The correct estimation of the fracture dimension is critical to maximize the recovery factor of heterogeneous reservoir developed with water flood. Three main uncertainties exist: fracture height, half-length and azimuth. Commercial fracture models provide length estimate once a reliable estimate of height is known. This is evident for 2D model which requires a direct knowledge of the height but also for p3D model where the height is indirectly obtained from coupling stress profile and fluid flow. Fracture azimuth is traditionally provided by the horizontal stress anisotropy from open hole sonic logging. Unfortunately, in West Siberia at depth of 2500-3000 meters, there is negligible tectonic and open hole sonic dipole did not provide obvious fracture orientation. Fracture height growth affect mostly fracture job size and cost. Height growth has also shown to be a cause of premature wellbore screen out. Fracture half-length and orientation can have a significant impact on the effectiveness of pressure maintenance and flood efficiency. A review of world publication of direct fracture geometry measurement has shown the validity of seismic methods and tilt indicators for tight rock, such as carbonates and tight sandstone. However, all experiments on soft sandstones, such as found in West Siberian, have shown more limited results. Given the uncertainties in effective Fracture geometry and the negative impact that they could have on the field development, Rosneft decided to invest in a field research study denominated Fracture Geometry Investigation, to validate various method offered by the service industry. Two basic methods were tested and combined: wellbore logging and passive seismic. Wellbore logging is used to obtain an estimate of wellbore fracture height. It combines temperature log immediately after Minifrac or after Frac and Cased Hole Sonic Anisotropy (CHSA) which can be run at any time after frac. The direct estimate of fracture height is used to validate the result of a calibrated HF simulator using Net Pressure matching analysis. Passive Seismic monitoring (PSM) is used to obtain direct estimate of height, length and azimuth. PSM Acquisition must be done during hydraulic fracturing from the nearest well. The main goal of this study was to validate each method's effectiveness and to construct a calibrated fracture model for the particular reservoir under investigation. The results of this investigation will be used to optimize fracture design, pressure maintenance strategy and pattern orientation.
The implementation of ASIC packaging design and manufacturing technologies on high performance networking products (2005)

This paper briefly presents how silicon integration and advances in packaging technology have enabled higher performance networking products, and is followed by discussions of how a system-level integrated approach is needed to address the challenges of the next generation products. Different methodologies of integrating memory and ASIC using advanced packaging technologies at both package level and board-/system-level are presented. Both connector-based and SMT based system in package (SiP) solutions with either flip-chip bare-die or BGA technologies are evaluated. Impact of each technology on product designs at silicon, substrate, and board level, as well as the effects on product manufacturability and reliability are discussed.
Lifestyle recommendations for the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome: an international panel recommendation (2017)

The importance of metabolic syndrome (MetS) lies in its associated risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, as well as other harmful conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In this report, the available scientific evidence on the associations between lifestyle changes and MetS and its components is reviewed to derive recommendations for MetS prevention and management. Weight loss through an energy-restricted diet together with increased energy expenditure through physical activity contribute to the prevention and treatment of MetS. A Mediterranean-type diet, with or without energy restriction, is an effective treatment component. This dietary pattern should be built upon an increased intake of unsaturated fat, primarily from olive oil, and emphasize the consumption of legumes, cereals (whole grains), fruits, vegetables, nuts, fish, and low-fat dairy products, as well as moderate consumption of alcohol. Other dietary patterns (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, new Nordic, and vegetarian diets) have also been proposed as alternatives for preventing MetS. Quitting smoking and reducing intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and meat and meat products are mandatory. Nevertheless, there are inconsistencies and gaps in the evidence, and additional research is needed to define the most appropriate therapies for MetS. In conclusion, a healthy lifestyle is critical to prevent or delay the onset of MetS in susceptible individuals and to prevent cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in those with existing MetS. The recommendations provided in this article should help patients and clinicians understand and implement the most effective approaches for lifestyle change to prevent MetS and improve cardiometabolic health.
Fiber DFB lasers with ultimate efficiency (2005)

A novel method for designing distributed feedback (DFB) lasers with ultimate efficiency is presented. The method is based on the calculation of the optimum signal distribution for a given pumping scheme and derivation of the grating profile that sustains this distribution so that at every point in the cavity pump-to-signal conversion efficiency is maximum. Theory applied experimentally in Er-Yb co-doped fiber resulting in a 57% increase in the efficiency with 10% shorter device length compared with standard optimized co-pumped designs.