gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Homogeneous Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate at Ambient Temperature in Aqueous Ethanol (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTHomogeneous Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate at Ambient Temperature in Aqueous EthanolSuresh K. Jewrajka, Uma Chatterjee, and Broja M. MandalView Author Information Polymer Science Unit, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India Cite this: Macromolecules 2004, 37, 11, 4325–4328Publication Date (Web):May 6, 2004Publication History Received4 February 2004Revised2 April 2004Published online6 May 2004Published inissue 1 June 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma0497613https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0497613brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views853Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Ethanol,Inorganic compounds,Ligands,Organic compounds,Radical polymerization Get e-Alerts
Estrogen Receptor GPR30 Reduces Oxidative Stress and Proteinuria in the Salt-Sensitive Female mRen2.Lewis Rat (2011)

The current study assessed whether activation of the novel estrogen receptor GPR30 ameliorates salt-dependent renal damage in intact mRen2.Lewis (mRen2) females. Hemizygous mRen2 rats were maintained on either a normal salt (0.5% Na) or high-salt (HS; 4.0% Na) diet for 10 weeks (5 to 15 weeks of age), and HS animals were treated with the GPR30 agonist G-1 or vehicle for 2 weeks. Systolic blood pressure markedly increased with HS diet (149±3 to 219±5 mm Hg; P<0.01), but G-1 did not influence pressure (P=0.42). G-1 and estradiol induced relaxation of preconstricted mesenteric vessels from normal salt mRen2 rats, but both responses were attenuated in the HS group. Despite the lack of an effect on blood pressure, G-1 decreased renal hypertrophy, proteinuria, urinary 8-isoprostane excretion, and tubular 4-hydroxynonenal staining. HS diet significantly increased GPR30 mRNA (1.01±0.04 versus 1.59±0.13; P<0.01) and protein (0.60±0.31 versus 3.99±0.75; P<0.01) in the renal cortex. GPR30 was highly expressed in the brush border of proximal tubules and colocalized with megalin. Finally, megalin expression was reduced by HS diet and restored with G-1. We conclude that GPR30-mediated beneficial effects in salt-sensitive mRen2 females occurred independent of changes in systolic blood pressure. The failure of G-1 to influence pressure may reflect a salt-induced impairment in GPR30-mediated vasorelaxation. The renoprotective actions of GPR30 may involve attenuation of tubular oxidative stress and activation of megalin-mediated protein reabsorption.
Abstract PR010: Single-cell sequencing elucidates the effects of chemotherapy on cancer cell heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma (2022)

Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a complex ecosystem that drives tumor progression. Improving our understanding of the PDAC TME and its role in response to therapy via in-depth single cell characterization will have broad clinical implications for biomarker development and therapeutic design. In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on freshly collected human PDAC samples of primary (n=16) or metastatic (n=11) origin, either before (n=20) or after (n=7) chemotherapy. We found a heterogeneous mixture of basal and classical Moffitt cancer cell subtypes in all samples, along with distinct cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) and tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) subpopulations. We identified the major CAF subpopulations as inflammatory CAFs (iCAFs) and myofibroblastic CAFs (myCAFs); within these subpopulations were a very few cells expressing immunogenic features which have previously been associated with antigen presenting CAFs (apCAFs). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) could be categorized into two major subpopulations, C1QC+ TAMs or SPP1+ TAMs, each with distinct functional characteristics. For example, phagocytosis-associated gene sets were enriched in C1QC+ TAMs, while angiogenesis-associated gene sets were enriched in SPP1+ TAMs. Comparison of naïve and chemotherapy treated primary PDAC samples revealed that classical and basal-like cancer cells exhibited similar transcriptional responses to chemotherapy; this contrasts with some previous reports which posited a shift towards a basal-like transcriptional program among treated samples. We further noted that treated samples evinced fewer ligand-receptor interactions, particularly between TIGIT on CD8+ T cells and its ligand on cancer cells. We also identified TIGIT, not PD1, as the major inhibitory checkpoint molecule of CD8+ T cells in the PDAC TME. Altogether, our results suggest that chemotherapy impacts the PDAC TME and may further reduce response to immunotherapy. Citation Format: Daniel Weissinger, Emily A. Kawaler, Gregor Werba, Ende Zhao, Despoina Kalfakakou, Surajit Dhara, Grace Oh, Xiaohong Jing, Nina Beri, Lauren Khanna, Tamas Gonda, Paul E. Oberstein, Cristina Hajdu, Cynthia Loomis, Adriana Heguy, Mara H. Sherman, Amanda W. Lund, Theodore H. Welling, Igor Dolgalev, Aristotelis Tsirigos, Diane M. Simeone. Single-cell sequencing elucidates the effects of chemotherapy on cancer cell heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2022 Sep 13-16; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PR010.
Impulsive terahertz radiation with high electric fields from an amplifier-driven large-area photoconductive antenna (2010)

We report on the generation of impulsive terahertz (THz) radiation with 36 kV/cm vacuum electric field (1.5 mW average thermal power) at 250 kHz repetition rate and a high NIR-to-THz conversion efficiency of 2 x 10(-3). This is achieved by photoexciting biased large-area photoconductive emitter with NIR fs pulses of microJ pulse energy. We demonstrate focussing of the THz beam by tailoring the pulse front of the exciting laser beam without any focussing element for the THz beam. A high dynamic range of 10(4) signal-to-noise is obtained with an amplifier based system.
A DNA Vaccine That Targets Hemagglutinin to Antigen-Presenting Cells Protects Mice against H7 Influenza (2017)

Zoonotic influenza H7 viral infections have a case fatality rate of about 40%. Currently, no or limited human to human spread has occurred, but we may be facing a severe pandemic threat if the virus acquires the ability to transmit between humans. Novel vaccines that can be rapidly produced for global distribution are urgently needed, and DNA vaccines may be the only type of vaccine that allows for the speed necessary to quench an emerging pandemic. Here, we constructed DNA vaccines encoding the hemagglutinin (HA) from influenza A/chicken/Italy/13474/99 (H7N1). In order to increase the efficacy of DNA vaccination, HA was targeted to either major histocompatibility complex class II molecules or chemokine receptors 1, 3, and 5 (CCR1/3/5) that are expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APC). A single DNA vaccination with APC-targeted HA significantly increased antibody levels in sera compared to nontargeted control vaccines. The antibodies were confirmed neutralizing in an H7 pseudotype-based neutralization assay. Furthermore, the APC-targeted vaccines increased the levels of antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells, and a single DNA vaccination could confer protection against a lethal challenge with influenza A/turkey/Italy/3889/1999 (H7N1) in mice. In conclusion, we have developed a vaccine that rapidly could contribute protection against a pandemic threat from avian influenza.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Highly pathogenic avian influenza H7 constitute a pandemic threat that can cause severe illness and death in infected individuals. Vaccination is the main method of prophylaxis against influenza, but current vaccine strategies fall short in a pandemic situation due to a prolonged production time and insufficient production capabilities. In contrast, a DNA vaccine can be rapidly produced and deployed to prevent the potential escalation of a highly pathogenic influenza pandemic. We here demonstrate that a single DNA delivery of hemagglutinin from an H7 influenza could mediate full protection against a lethal challenge with H7N1 influenza in mice. Vaccine efficacy was contingent on targeting of the secreted vaccine protein to antigen-presenting cells.
Analysis of Noise in Magnetoelectric Thin-Layer Composites Used as Magnetic Sensors (2011)

Taking advantage of magneto-elasto-electric interactions, new laminated composites of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric layers have been developed for highly sensitivity magnetoelectric (ME) sensors. The ME sensor design chosen in this study was based on long-type Metglas composites laminated together with piezoelectric fibers. In this paper, we analyze the expected limit of the magnetic noise of ME sensor versus its intrinsic characteristics and electronic setup. Theory calculations and experimental results are compared, and are well supported by noise measurements. Moreover, the presented results show very impressive performances in terms of the equivalent magnetic sensor noise. A 65 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\ {\rm pT}/\surd{\rm Hz}$</tex></formula> equivalent magnetic noise was achieved at 1 Hz, while reaching values as low as 70 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">${\rm fT}/\surd{\rm Hz}$</tex></formula> near the ME resonant frequency.
Identification of Transthyretin Variants by Sequential Proteomic and Genomic Analysis (2004)

This referral method eliminates the necessity of sequencing most samples and allows screening for the familial forms of amyloidosis in a broad patient population in a timely fashion. This method correctly identified all previously known variants and also identified a novel variant, Val94Ala.
Very Small (3–6 Atoms) Gold Cluster Catalyzed Carbon–Carbon and Carbon–Heteroatom Bond‐Forming Reactions in Solution (2013)

Clusters get the gold: Atomic gold clusters Aun (n=3–6) are very active species (sub-mol %) for gold-catalyzed carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bond-forming reactions of interest in organic synthesis. The gold clusters can be formed in situ or generated ex situ and introduced into the reaction media. Salts, complexes, and nanoparticles (NPs) can be used as a starting source of gold. Ts=para-toluenesulfonyl.
Chemical Stabilization of 1T′ Phase Transition Metal Dichalcogenides with Giant Optical Kerr Nonlinearity (2017)

The 2H-to-1T' phase transition in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) has been exploited to phase-engineer TMDs for applications in which the metallicity of the 1T' phase is beneficial. However, phase-engineered 1T'-TMDs are metastable; thus, stabilization of the 1T' phase remains an important challenge to overcome before its properties can be exploited. Herein, we performed a systematic study of the 2H-to-1T' phase evolution by lithiation in ultrahigh vacuum. We discovered that by hydrogenating the intercalated Li to form lithium hydride (LiH), unprecedented long-term (>3 months) air stability of the 1T' phase can be achieved. Most importantly, this passivation method has wide applicability for other alkali metals and TMDs. Density functional theory calculations reveal that LiH is a good electron donor and stabilizes the 1T' phase against 2H conversion, aided by the formation of a greatly enhanced interlayer dipole-dipole interaction. Nonlinear optical studies reveal that air-stable 1T'-TMDs exhibit much stronger optical Kerr nonlinearity and higher optical transparency than the 2H phase, which is promising for nonlinear photonic applications.
Comprehensive methylome analysis of ovarian tumors reveals hedgehog signaling pathway regulators as prognostic DNA methylation biomarkers (2013)

Women with advanced stage ovarian cancer (OC) have a five-year survival rate of less than 25%. OC progression is associated with accumulation of epigenetic alterations and aberrant DNA methylation in gene promoters acts as an inactivating "hit" during OC initiation and progression. Abnormal DNA methylation in OC has been used to predict disease outcome and therapy response. To globally examine DNA methylation in OC, we used next-generation sequencing technology, MethylCap-sequencing, to screen 75 malignant and 26 normal or benign ovarian tissues. Differential DNA methylation regions (DMRs) were identified, and the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model were used to correlate methylation with clinical endpoints. Functional role of specific genes identified by MethylCap-sequencing was examined in in vitro assays. We identified 577 DMRs that distinguished (p < 0.001) malignant from non-malignant ovarian tissues; of these, 63 DMRs correlated (p < 0.001) with poor progression free survival (PFS). Concordant hypermethylation and corresponding gene silencing of sonic hedgehog pathway members ZIC1 and ZIC4 in OC tumors was confirmed in a panel of OC cell lines, and ZIC1 and ZIC4 repression correlated with increased proliferation, migration and invasion. ZIC1 promoter hypermethylation correlated (p < 0.01) with poor PFS. In summary, we identified functional DNA methylation biomarkers significantly associated with clinical outcome in OC and suggest our comprehensive methylome analysis has significant translational potential for guiding the design of future clinical investigations targeting the OC epigenome. Methylation of ZIC1, a putative tumor suppressor, may be a novel determinant of OC outcome.
Wide-area synchrophasors protect and control Central America's power system stability (2014)

The power system in Guatemala is part of the long, interconnected network in Central America that runs from the south of Mexico to Panama. This power system is connected to Mexico in the north and to El Salvador in the south. The power system in El Salvador is connected to the rest of the Central American countries in the south, all the way to Panama. The Guatemalan power system is a transmission corridor for power flowing from the abundant hydrogeneration resources in the southeast of Mexico, as well as a consumer of this power. The Guatemalan wide-area protection scheme (WAPS), called the wide-area supplementary control scheme (SCS), isolates the Guatemalan power system from the power system to the south of Guatemala when the scheme detects unstable operating conditions. This scheme is based on time-synchronized measurements of active power and modal analysis of the active power flow of the interconnection between Guatemala and El Salvador. Phasor measurement and control units (PMCUs) are installed at strategic buses in the Guatemalan power system. The strategic locations include the interconnections to Mexico and El Salvador. Operating modes in the power system that cause instability were identified based on operating experiences of the power system. The scheme detects unstable operating conditions and opens the interconnection with El Salvador to isolate the Guatemalan power system from the rest of Central America. This paper discusses details of the Central American power system, the deployment of PMCUs, a modal analysis-based scheme, and the communications network of the scheme. It also presents events that show how the active power-based and modal-analysis based SCS avoided power system collapse.
A Generalized Ligand-Exchange Strategy Enabling Sequential Surface Functionalization of Colloidal Nanocrystals (2010)

The ability to engineer surface properties of nanocrystals (NCs) is important for various applications, as many of the physical and chemical properties of nanoscale materials are strongly affected by the surface chemistry. Here, we report a facile ligand-exchange approach, which enables sequential surface functionalization and phase transfer of colloidal NCs while preserving the NC size and shape. Nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate (NOBF4) is used to replace the original organic ligands attached to the NC surface, stabilizing the NCs in various polar, hydrophilic media such as N,N-dimethylformamide for years, with no observed aggregation or precipitation. This approach is applicable to various NCs (metal oxides, metals, semiconductors, and dielectrics) of different sizes and shapes. The hydrophilic NCs obtained can subsequently be further functionalized using a variety of capping molecules, imparting different surface functionalization to NCs depending on the molecules employed. Our work provides a versatile ligand-exchange strategy for NC surface functionalization and represents an important step toward controllably engineering the surface properties of NCs.
Laser Forming of Complex Structures (2005)

High-intensity laser beams can be used to heat and bend sheet metal, but the mechanisms of the laser forming (LF) process are not well understood or precisely controllable. The objective of the NIST-sponsored project Laser Forming of Complex Structures is to develop technologies for controllable, repeatable laser forming processes that shape and re-shape a wide array of forms and compositions. One such form is embodied in turbomac hinery compressor airfoils, characterized by complex 3D geometries and large thickness variation. LF can be used to alter or tune the shape of these parts into their final tolerances. To gain insight in applying laser forming to compressor airfoils, LF analysis and process synthesis on tapered-thickness plates is conducted. The bending mechanisms and parametric effects on the deformation characteristics of tapered -thickness plates are investigated. A strategy of LF process synthesis of doubly curved shapes is also presented. The scanning paths are determined by considering the different weights of bending and in-plane strain. A thickness-dependent database is established by LF simulation and experiment, and the heating conditions are determined by matching the ratio of bending strain to in -plane strain between the required values and the laser forming values. The analysis and the synthesis are validated by numerical simulation and experiments. As an example of industrial application, 3D shape tuning of compressor airfoils is also carried out.
Interplay among Sequence, Folding Propensity, and Bio-Piezoelectric Response in Short Peptides and Peptoids (2017)

Many biomaterials are piezoelectric (i.e., mechanically deform under an applied electric field); however, the molecular origin of this phenomenon remains unclear. In the case of protein-based scaffolds, one possibility involves flexible response of local folding motifs to the applied field. Here, we test this hypothesis by examining the piezoresponse in a series of helical peptide-based oligomers. Control over folding propensity is exerted through systematic variation in both side-chain sequence and backbone composition. Piezoresponse is quantified by piezo-force microscopy on polar self-assembled monolayers. The results indicate backbone rigidity is an important determinant in peptide electromechanical responsiveness.
Utilizing Eye Bank Eyes and Keratoplasty Techniques to Teach Phacoemulsification (1997)

Learning microsurgery can be a difficult task. Three techniques for practicing phacoemulsification using eye bank eyes, rigid contact lenses, and lamellar keratoplasty are described. These simple methods provide a realistic environment for learning and developing microsurgical skills.
Messenger RNA for an antigen-specific binding molecule from an antigen-specific T-cell hybrid. (1984)

The T-cell hybridoma 51H7D specifically binds the hapten azobenzenearsonate (ABA). An antiserum (anti-PCIF) specific for antigenic determinants shared by antigen-binding molecules of T cells (TABM) was used to precipitate polyribosomes containing mRNA for TABM from this T-cell hybridoma. The resultant mRNA was translated in vitro. The translated product (TrP51H7D) bound specifically ABA and was bound by both anti-PCIF and anti-T-cell suppressor factor. The parent lymphoma BW5147 yielded a similar translated product with the same antiserum used to isolate specific mRNA containing polysomes. This product (TrPBW) was bound by the antiserum used but did not bind ABA. The specific translated protein from both cells had a pI of approximately equal to 5.0, and apparent molecular weight of 71,000 (reduced) or 145,000 (nonreduced). Both protein products, when treated with guanidine to break down all noncovalent bonds, revealed an elemental peptide of Mr 23,500. The cDNA made from the isolated mRNA had 600-900 bases. mRNA of this size is expected for a protein of Mr 25,000. Our data indicate that a TABM specific for ABA is composed of peptides of Mr 23,500.
Primary phase alignment in the Mg-Sb system with a 35-T DC magnetic field (2013)

Primary phase alignment behavior in the Mg-Sb system is explored by solidification of samples in a 35-T DC magnetic field. Compositions with multiple solidification reaction pathways are found to have different phase alignment characteristics. In the current study, the orientation of Mg and Sb primary grains do not appear to be strongly influenced, but the α-Mg 3 Sb 2 shows a very strong tendency to align with its long axis perpendicular to the field direction. By comparing the two compositions that both first nucleate α-Mg 3 Sb 2 from the melt, it is found that the volume fraction involved in the primary reaction is a controlling factor for the total degree of alignment throughout the structure. This volume fraction dependence is interpreted as hindering free rotation in the liquid.
LNISKS: Reference-free mutation identification for large and complex crop genomes (2019)

Abstract Mutation discovery is often key to the identification of genes responsible for major phenotypic traits. In the context of bulked segregant analysis, common reference-based computational approaches are not always suitable as they rely on a genome assembly which may be incomplete or highly divergent from the studied accession. Reference-free methods based on short sequences of length k ( k -mers), such as NIKS, exploit redundancy of information across pools of recombinant genomes. Building on concepts from NIKS we introduce LNISKS, a mutation discovery method which is suited for large and repetitive crop genomes. In our experiments, it rapidly and with high confidence, identified mutations from over 700 Gbp of bread wheat genomic sequence data. LNISKS is publicly available at https://github.com/rsuchecki/LNISKS .
ChemInform Abstract: Dehydrodimerization of Ketones, Carboxylic Acids, Amides, Esters, Alcohols, and Amines via Mercury Photosensitization. (1990)

Abstract The reaction mentioned in the title is achieved by Hg‐sensitized irradiation of various compounds in an atmosphere of hydrogen.