gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimal management of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with invasive fungal infections being treated with liposomal amphotericin B (2020)

Critically ill patients are at risk of developing both acute kidney injury (AKI) and invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Prompt and efficient treatment of the IFI is essential for the survival of the patient. This article examines three distinct clinical situations where liposomal amphotericin B, a broad-spectrum antifungal agent, was successfully used in the setting of AKI. The first was <i>Aspergillus</i> infection in a 63-year-old man with bleeding oesophageal varices related to advanced liver disease. The second was gastrointestinal mucormycosis in a 74-year-old man who developed a small bowel obstruction following an autologous stem cell transplant for mantle cell lymphoma. The third was a <i>Fusarium</i> infection in a 32-year-old woman on immunosuppression for a bilateral lung transplant for cystic fibrosis. In all three cases, liposomal amphotericin B was required for urgent management of the patient's IFI. We discuss the rationale for treatment with a potentially nephrotoxic agent in this setting.
Phase 1/1b study of lonafarnib and temozolomide in patients with recurrent or temozolomide refractory glioblastoma (2013)

These results demonstrate that TMZ can be safely combined with a farnesyltransferase inhibitor and that this regimen is active, although the current study cannot determine the relative contributions of the 2 agents or the contribution of the novel administration schedule.
Shower heat exchanger: reuse of energy from heated drinking water for CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; reduction (2016)

Abstract. The heating of drinking water in households contributes significantly to the emission of greenhouse gases. As a water utility aiming to operate at a climate neutral level by 2020, Waternet needs to reduce its CO2 emission by 53 kton yr−1. To contribute to this ambition, a pilot project was carried out in Uilenstede, Amstelveen, the Netherlands, to recover the shower heat energy with a shower heat exchanger from Dutch Solar Systems. An experimental setup was built in the Waternet laboratory to evaluate the claimed efficiencies. The energy recovery efficiency observed in the lab was 61–64 % under winter conditions and 57–62 % under summer conditions, while the energy recovery efficiency observed in Uilenstede was 57 % in December 2014. Based on the observations, 4 % of the total energy consumption of households in Amsterdam (electricity and gas) can be recovered with a shower heat exchanger installed in all households in Amsterdam, which also means a 54 kton year−1 CO2 emission reduction can be achieved.
Growth, evolution and properties of surfaces, thin films and self-organized structures : symposium held November 27-December 1, 2000, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. (2001)

This book emphasizes the broad scientific and technological interest in surfaces, thin films and self-organized structures. A significant portion of papers addresses materials and devices at the nanoscale, including work on self-organized structures as well as nanopatterned thin-film structures. Materials research in three-dimensional (layer growth), two-dimensional (surfaces, interfaces), one-dimensional (quantum wires, point contacts), and zero-dimensional (quantum dots) objects are covered. Discussions span nucleation, island and pattern formation, interfacial properties, formation of quantum dots and quantum wires, defect kinetics, atomic migration, effects of stress and strain, electromigration, pulsed- laser deposition, vapor-phase epitaxy, CVD, MOCVD, PECVD, LPCVD, MBE, alloy formation, Monte Carlo simulation, molecular dynamics studies, atomistic simulation, atomically flat surfaces, surface and interfacial roughening, and faceting. Materials discussed include metals, semiconductors, oxides and other insulators, organics, and biomaterials.
Variations in the optical properties of poly(3-hexylthiophene)/C{sub 60} blends and poly(3-hexylthiophene)/sol-gel composites (1996)

We report the synthesis and characterization of thin films of poly(3- hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/C{sub 60} blends. UV-V is spectra of the P3HT/C{sub 60} blends with various amounts of C{sub 60} show significant blue shift, which indicates the complex formation between P3HT and C{sub 60}. A new type of luminescent glass was also prepared by sol-gel technique. This method allows incorporation of P3HT (photoemissive polymer) into the sol-gel matrix and results in glasses that feature stimulating photoluminescent properties. By slightly varying the synthetic conditions of fabricating these P3HT/sol-gel glasses, we can control their emission colors from blue to red, covering the whole visible spectrum.
Effective and Functional Surface Design for Biosensing Applications Based on a Novel Conducting Polymer and PMMA/Clay Nanocomposite (2013)

Abstract Surface functionalization plays a crucial role in the design of biosensors. For this purpose, a novel functional monomer, 6‐(4,7‐bis(2,3‐dihydrothieno[3,4‐ b ][1,4]dioxin‐5‐yl)‐2 H ‐benzo[ d ][1,2,3]triazol‐2‐yl)hexan‐1‐amine (BEDOA‐6), was designed and synthesized. Poly(BEDOA‐6) was utilized as an immobilization matrix for glucose oxidase biosensor construction. Moreover, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) layered silicate nanocomposites were prepared by in situ suspension polymerization. Conducting polymer surface was modified with PMMA/clay nanocomposite material and a glucose biosensor was developed. In addition, XPS and SEM were utilized to characterize the surface properties. The biosensor shows a wide linear range between 2.8 µM and 1.2 mM to glucose with a low detection limit of 1.99 µM. Finally, the biosensor was tested on serum samples containing actual human blood. The results were in well‐agreement with a reference method.
Single-exposure surface profilometry using partitioned aperture wavefront imaging (2013)

We demonstrate a technique for instantaneous measurements of surface topography based on the combination of a partitioned aperture wavefront imager with a lamp-based reflection microscope using standard objectives. The technique can operate at video rate over large fields of view, and provides nanometer axial resolution and submicrometer lateral resolution. We discuss performance characteristics of this technique, which we experimentally compare with scanning white light interferometry.
Injection Molding (2017)

No AccessUnderstanding Polymer ProcessingOct 2017Injection MoldingTim A. OsswaldTim A. Osswaldhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9781569906484.006SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2017Pages: 119-146Print ISBN: 978-1-56990-647-7eISBN: 978-1-56990-648-4 Copyright & Permissions© 2017 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Ups and Downs of Water Photodecolorization by Nanocomposite Polymer Nanofibers (2019)

Given the exponentially expanding water pollution causing water scarcity, there is an urgent need for operative nanotechnological systems that can purify water, with insignificant energy consumption, and rapidly. Here, we introduce a nanocomposite system based on TiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) and PES nanofibers (NFs) that can adsorb and then photodecompose organic water pollutants such as dye molecules. We evaluate pros and cons of this system with respect to its purification efficiency and structural properties that can be impacted by the photocatalytic activity of the nanofillers. While the material is superhydrophilic and able to remove 95% methylene blue (MB) from water via adsorption/photodecomposition, its thermomechanical properties decline upon UV irradiation. However, these properties still remain at the level of the neat NFs. The removal behavior is modeled by the first- and second-order kinetic models from the kinetic point of view. The nanocomposite NFs' removal behavior complies much better with the second-order kinetic model. Overall, such feedbacks implied that the nanocomposite can be effectively applied for water treatment and the structural properties are still as reliable as those of the neat counterpart.
Electrochemically Dealloyed Cu–Pt Nanostructures for Oxygen Reduction and Formic Acid Oxidation (2021)

Surface engineering of catalysts by dealloying is a promising strategy to fine-tune the catalytic activity. Rational electrochemical surface engineering significantly improves the electrocatalytic performance. Herein, we demonstrate the synthesis of a surface-engineered CuxPty bimetallic electrocatalyst of low Pt content by solvothermal and subsequent electrochemical dealloying approaches for the electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen and oxidation of formic acid. The electrochemically dealloyed electrocatalysts have enhanced activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction and formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR) due to the dealloying-induced increase in the electrochemically active surface area and lattice strain. Among the electrochemically dealloyed catalysts (Cu11Pt89, Cu17Pt83, and Cu23Pt77), Cu17Pt83 shows excellent ORR activity in acidic medium with an onset potential of 0.98 V. It delivers a limiting current density and mass specific activity of 5.4 mA/cm2 and 0.157 A/mgPt, respectively. The mass specific activity of Cu17Pt83 is 2–12 times higher than that of 20% Pt/C and monometallic Pt nanoparticles. The dealloying-induced lattice strain on Pt modifies the d-band structure. Such modification weakens the chemisorption of oxygenated species (OHads and OOHads) and improves the electron transfer kinetics. Among all dealloyed CuxPty catalysts, the low-Pt content Cu23Pt77 catalyst exhibits high FAOR activity. The Cu23Pt77 catalyst has good tolerance toward in situ generated CO, and the CO-stripping potential is significantly less positive compared to that of the other catalysts.
Integrated Optical Frequency Microcomb Applications (2023)

Optical microcombs represent a new paradigm for generating laser frequency combs based on compact chip-scale devices, which have underpinned many modern technological advances for both fundamental science and industrial applications. Along with the surge in activity related to optical micro-combs in the past decade, their applications have also experienced rapid progress ‒ not only in traditional fields such as frequency synthesis, signal processing, and optical communications, but also in new interdisciplinary fields spanning the frontiers of light detection and ranging (LiDAR), astronomical detection, neuromorphic computing, and quantum optics. This paper reviews the applications of optical microcombs. First, an overview of the devices and methods for generating optical microcombs is provided, which are categorized into material platforms, device architectures, soliton classes, and driving mechanisms. Second, the broad applications of optical microcombs are systematically reviewed, which are categorized into microwave photonics, optical communications, precision measurements, neuromorphic computing, and quantum optics. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives are discussed.
Ameliorative Effect of Hepatocyte Growth Factor on Glycerol-Induced Acute Renal Failure with Acute Tubular Necrosis (2002)

These results indicate that HGF effectively accelerated the recovery of renal function and improved survival in glycerol-induced ARF rats.
Selection of customers for operational and usage profiling (2009)

Operational and usage profiles collected from customers provide developers and testers with valuable quantitative information on usage patterns of software being developed. Unfortunately, gathering such profiles from a large set of customers can be challenging due to time and resource constraints.
Simulation-Based Transfer Learning for Support Stiffness Identification (2021)

The mounting of a rotating machine affects the dynamic behavior of the machine. Typically in large machines, the support structures have lower stiffness on the actual site than in the acceptance tests conducted by the manufacturers. In this research, a method is developed for the support stiffness identification for an in-situ machine using a simulation-data-driven, deep learning algorithm. The novel approach aims to utilize transfer learning to first teach the deep learning algorithm using vibration response data generated from a simulation model of the rotor-bearing-support system, and then test it with measured response. To validate the stiffness estimation of the algorithm for multiple cases, an experimental test rig is used where the horizontal support stiffness can be varied through a range of values. The results from the deep learning algorithm are compared with simpler algorithms such as Linear regression (LR), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Support vector regression (SVR) for benchmarking. The models are trained with filtered frequency domain response, and challenges due to measurement uncertainty are analyzed.With proposed pre-processing steps of the frequency domain response and outlier elimination, the deep learning-based virtual sensor can predict the support stiffness with reasonable accuracy, where the limiting factor is the data quality and lack of excitation at critical speed frequencies.
Two large British kindreds with familial Parkinson’s disease: a clinico‐pathological and genetic study (2002)

We present the findings of a study of two large unrelated kindreds with autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease. The affected members were assessed clinically and with [(18)F]6-fluorodopa-PET and were indistinguishable from patients with the sporadic form of Parkinson's disease. In one kindred, an affected member was examined subsequently at autopsy and Lewy bodies were present in a distribution typical of sporadic Parkinson's disease. These kindreds are distinct from other Parkinsonian kindreds with identified genetic loci (PARK1-4) and provide further evidence for genetic heterogeneity in familial Parkinson's disease.
Chimeras of the Human Cytochrome <i>P</i>450 1A Family Produced in Yeast (1994)

An expression library of hybrid cDNAs was constructed in vivo by homeologous recombination in yeast between human P450 1A1 and P450 1A2 sequences. Two clones exhibiting highly enhanced monooxygenase activities in vivo were selected. Chimera S12 includes the 88 N-terminal residues of P450 1A1 fused to the complementary part of the P450 1A2 sequence. Chimera S71 derives from P450 1A1 by the substitution of the 36 C-terminal amino acid residues by the corresponding 38 residues of the 1A2 sequence. Biochemical analysis on microsomal fractions indicated that S12 and S71 have the same substrate specificities as 1A2 and 1A1, respectively. The observed increase in the in vivo monooxygenase activity is related to a ninefold increase in the microsomal S12 content as compared to the 1A2 content. In contrast, the expression level of S71 is slightly reduced but its turnover numbers are increased as compared to 1A1. The folding stability of chimeric P450 enzymes was evaluated by thermal and chaotropic agent denaturation. No difference was found between S12 and 1A2, but S71 appeared slightly less stable than 1A1. In vivo experiments indicated that S12 mRNA accumulation and stability are quite similar to the stability of parental 1A2 and, for both chimeras and parental enzymes, the protein half-lives are longer than the cell doubling time. The surprising accumulation of chimera S12 in the microsomal membrane is discussed in terms of the relationship of protein folding with transport to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and the apparent expression levels of human P450 enzymes produced in yeast.
High‐resolution localization of clathrin assembly protein AP180 in the presynaptic terminals of mammalian neurons (2002)

Synaptic vesicles (SVs) assemble at the presynaptic compartment through a clathrin-dependent mechanism that involves one or more assembly proteins (APs). The assembly protein AP180 is especially efficient at facilitating clathrin cage formation, but its precise ultrastructural localization in neurons is unknown. Using immunoelectron microscopy, we demonstrate the presynaptic localization of AP180 in axon terminals of rat cerebellar neurons. In contrast, the assembly protein AP2 was associated with both the presynaptic plasma membrane and the cytosolic side of the membrane at postsynaptic and extrasynaptic sites. Furthermore, ultrastructural analysis of primate retina showed that AP180 immunoreactivity was preferentially and highly enriched at ribbon synapses, where glutamate is released tonically at high levels and rapid vesicle turnover is essential. To maintain functional synaptic transmission, neurotransmitter-filled SVs must be readily available, and this requires proper reassembly of new vesicles. The expression of AP180, in addition to AP-2, in the clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway might add another level of control to SV reformation for efficient assembly of clathrin, effectively controlling the size of assembled vesicles and faithfully recovering SV-specific components.
Overcoming the Neonatal Limitations of Inducing Germinal Centers through Liposome-Based Adjuvants Including C-Type Lectin Agonists Trehalose Dibehenate or Curdlan (2018)

Neonates and infants are more vulnerable to infections and show reduced responses to vaccination. Consequently, repeated immunizations are required to induce protection and early life vaccines against major pathogens such as influenza are yet unavailable. Formulating antigens with potent adjuvants, including immunostimulators and delivery systems, is a demonstrated approach to enhance vaccine efficacy. Yet, adjuvants effective in adults may not meet the specific requirements for activating the early life immune system. Here, we assessed the neonatal adjuvanticity of three novel adjuvants including TLR4 (glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant-squalene emulsion), TLR9 (IC31<sup>®</sup>), and Mincle (CAF01) agonists, which all induce germinal centers (GCs) and potent antibody responses to influenza hemagglutinin (HA) in adult mice. In neonates, a single dose of HA formulated into each adjuvant induced T follicular helper (T<sub>FH</sub>) cells. However, only HA/CAF01 elicited significantly higher and sustained antibody responses, engaging neonatal B cells to differentiate into GCs already after a single dose. Although antibody titers remained lower than in adults, HA-specific responses induced by a single neonatal dose of HA/CAF01 were sufficient to confer protection against influenza viral challenge. Postulating that the neonatal adjuvanticity of CAF01 may result from the functionality of the C-type lectin receptor (CLR) Mincle in early life we asked whether other C-type lectin agonists would show a similar neonatal adjuvanticity. Replacing the Mincle agonist trehalose 6,6'-dibehenate by Curdlan, which binds to Dectin-1, enhanced antibody responses through the induction of similar levels of T<sub>FH</sub>, GCs and bone marrow high-affinity plasma cells. Thus, specific requirements of early life B cells may already be met after a single vaccine dose using CLR-activating agonists, identified here as promising B cell immunostimulators for early life vaccines when included into cationic liposomes.
Experimental Measurement of Stress and Strain in Nafion Membrane during Hydration Cycles (2011)

Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) in fuel cell stacks develop biaxial hygrothermal fatigue stresses in response to changing operation conditions. Determination of these stresses is complicated as both constitutive properties of PEM and the hygrothermal strain in PEM are highly dependent on time, temperature and water absorption. In this study, by tracking the spherical bending curvature of a bimaterial strip composed of a 25-μm thick PEM (Nafion) and a 250-μm thick PEEK (polyether ether ketone) substrate using a Digital Image Correlation (DIC) system, the biaxial tensile and compressive stresses in the plane of the PEM during humidity cycles are recorded. Due to the relatively high bending stiffness ratio between PEEK and PEM, the hygral stresses in the PEM are determined from the bimaterial curvature without requiring knowledge of the constitutive properties of the PEM. As the strain in the PEM released due to bending of the bimaterial strip is limited, the stresses measured using the bimaterial strip are very close to that in a fully constrained membrane, mimicking those in a fuel cell. The hygral strain in a freestanding membrane placed next to the bimaterial structure is recorded at the same time using the DIC system. The full stress and strain histories during incremental relative humidity (RH) test between 10%RH and liquid wet as well as during larger RH cycles are presented. The hygral expansion of Nafion during the increasing and decreasing RH step changes exhibits an asymmetry that resembles the behavior of glassy polymers during the classic Kovacs temperature jump test. The stress history also reveals the RH-dependent viscoelasticity of Nafion.
Information "uptrieval" (2008)

Information Retrieval on the WWW is important because it is hard to find what one is looking for. There is a plethora of information available, and searching relevant information is a challenge. In the case of developing regions, we have the opposite problem: 1) Information availability of global markets is scarce. Most of the consumers and producers (of information as well as goods) are relegated to local markets in geographical vicinity. In order to reach wider markets, it is important for this local information to reach wider audiences. (Local information for global consumption LIG model). (2) At the same time, locally relevant information, such as delays in bus/train timings, mobile medical van schedule changes, electricity outage timings, is not easily available either. (Local information for local consumption LIL model). We introduce the term Information Uptrieval to address the reverse problem of acquiring, assimilating, aggregating and uploading global and local information that is relevant for developing regions to a platform that improves the reach of the information. While the WWW is an obvious example of one such platform, given the low internet penetration in such regions, we need to explore effective alternatives. Several innovative, but disconnected approaches have been attempted to address the information uptrieval problem, ranging from the use of DVDs (eSagu, http://www.esagu.in/esagu) through the use of wireless stations on motorcycles (First Mile Solutions, http://www.firstmilesolutions.com). Many of these have met with reasonable success in their pilot deployments.
Structural Analysis of Anatase Polycrystalline Films Using Time-Dependent Deformation Behavior (2003)

We introduce an analytical technique for time-dependent deformation behavior of polycrystalline films using a nanoindenter. This technique permits evaluation of structural deformation of thin films in the nanometer scale. The void structure of polycrystalline films of anatase was evaluated using time-dependent deformation behavior. The void structure was examined using a power-law model in which a strain rate sensitivity exponent m of the sample was determined. The m value enabled us to detect the existence of the void structure. In this study, appropriate conditions were determined to measure deformation behavior of polycrystalline films. The analysis of time-dependent deformation behavior is useful for investigating the void structure of polycrystalline films.