gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autoregressive modeling of an indoor UWB channel (2003)

Based on frequency domain measurements in the 4.375-5.625 GHz band a channel model for the frequency response of the indoor radio channel is introduced. In particular. a second-order Autoregressive (AR) model is proposed for frequency response generation of the ultra wide band indoor channel. A complete characterization of the model parameters is described along with probability distributions and dependencies between parameters.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Dual Functional Monoclonal Antibody PF-04605412 Targets Integrin α5β1 and Elicits Potent Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Dual Functional Monoclonal Antibody PF-04605412 Targets Integrin α5β1 and Elicits Potent Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity
Problems and prospects for formally representing and reasoning about enemy courses of action (2008)

Abstract – Enemy Courses of Action (ECOAs) play a central role in the process of situation development in military decision-making. In order to reason about ECOAs, it would be necessary to adequately represent them in a formalism that allows for automatic reasoning. In this paper, we examine the benefits and drawbacks of representing ECOAs within several frameworks that have been encoded as OWL ontologies.
Role of cytokines and chemokines in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (2012)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes a variety of histological conditions (ranging from liver steatosis and steatohepatitis, to fibrosis and hepatocarcinoma) that are characterized by an increased fat content within the liver. The accumulation/deposition of fat within the liver is essential for diagnosis of NAFLD and might be associated with alterations in the hepatic and systemic inflammatory state. Although it is still unclear if each histological entity represents a different disease or rather steps of the same disease, inflammatory processes in NAFLD might influence its pathophysiology and prognosis. In particular, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (the most inflamed condition in NAFLDs, which more frequently evolves towards chronic and serious liver diseases) is characterized by a marked activation of inflammatory cells and the upregulation of several soluble inflammatory mediators. Among several mediators, cytokines and chemokines might play a pivotal active role in NAFLD and are considered as potential therapeutic targets. In this review, we will update evidence from both basic research and clinical studies on the potential role of cytokines and chemokines in the pathophysiology of NAFLD.
Surface-Dependent Self-Assembly of Conducting Polypyrrole Nanotube Arrays in Template-Free Electrochemical Polymerization (2014)

One-dimensional conducting polymer nanostructure arrays could provide short ion transport paths, thus delivering superior chemical/physical performance and having large potential as intelligent switching materials. In this work, in situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy is employed to monitor the self-assembly of conducting polypyrrole nanotube arrays in template-free electrochemical polymerization. The specific spreading behavior of pyrrole micelles on the conductive substrate is important to large-area self-assembly of conducting polypyrrole nanotube arrays and the insight into self-assembly of conducting polypyrrole nanotube arrays is discussed. Moreover, compared with unoriented nanostructured polypyrrole, the conducting polypyrrole nanotube arrays possess enhanced electrical and electrochemical performances.
Design and synthesis of novel N,N′-glycoside derivatives of 3,3′-diindolylmethanes as potential antiproliferative agents (2012)

A library of 34 compounds containing the DIM core have been synthesized and tested for their anticancer efficacy by measuring their cytotoxicity to cancer cell lines A549, HeLa and MCF-7. Some of the selected derivatives were N-glycosylated to increase their efficacy. Compound 7d, an N-glycosylated DIM derivative, was found to be effective at 1.3, 0.3 and 0.9 μmol concentrations against A549, HeLa and MCF-7, respectively. Immunochemistry studies revealed that it could induce apoptosis by upregulating a pro-apoptotic protein Par-4 and concomitantly diminishing the expression of pro-survival proteins Bcl-2 and GRP78. Flow cytometry studies showed that the compound arrested cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and significantly abrogated the motility of HeLa cells. Computer docking simulations of 7d with GRP78 suggested its involvement in two H-bonds with Asp78, two H-bonds with Arg290, one with Arg367, and one water mediated H-bond interaction. The interaction patterns also demonstrated that the presence of bromide in the vicinity (within 3.5 Å) of Lys294 generates the possibility of a halogen bond, which may also contribute in providing some extra stability to the complex. Hence, compounds of this class will be useful for the design of new anticancer agents.
Search for potentiators of miconazole resulting in increased activity against Candida albicans biofilms (2015)

Candida albicans is the major cause of fungal infections in human, affecting even healthy individuals as it easily colonizes oral and vaginal mucosae where it progresses as a biofilm. The limited amount of successful anti-biofilm therapy options has led to failure of treatment, emergence of drug resistance and disease recurrence. To improve current treatments, we are looking for potentiators of the azole-type antifungal drug miconazole. On one hand, we randomly screened 1600 compounds of a drug repositioning library in combination with a sub-inhibitory concentration of miconazole for increased activity against mature C. albicans biofilms. Hits of the screen were molecules with diverse medical applications, including several artemisinins, used to treat malaria. On the other hand, we performed a comprehensive transcriptome analysis (using RNA-sequencing) of mature C. albicans biofilms treated with miconazole to reveal tolerance mechanisms induced upon application of this drug. Combination of an inhibitor of such tolerance pathway with miconazole could potentially lead to increased activity against C. albicans biofilms. Many of the differentially expressed genes were related to known defence mechanisms against azoles such as induction of drug efflux pumps. Interestingly, also new potential tolerance targets were identified. For the most promising hits from the screen and for selected inhibitors of miconazole-induced biological processes, we performed checkerboard analyses and calculated the fractional inhibitory concentration index, thereby revealing several synergistic combinations. We conclude that transcriptome analysis of drug-treated microbial populations can successfully identify tolerance targets for potentiation. However, randomly screening bio-active compound libraries seemed more efficient in this study.
Photo‐crosslinking of polymers containing pendant epoxy groups (1988)

Abstract The photo‐crosslinking of polymers containing pendant epoxy groups was carried out at room temp. in the presence of a photosensitive sulfonium salt which is an initiator of cationic polymerization. The crosslinking reactivity of the epoxide‐containing polymers was found to depend on the mobilities of both the backbone of the polymers and the pendant epoxy groups, and on the epoxide structure. The introduction of spacer chains between the polymer backbone and the epoxy groups increases the mobilities of the backbone and the epoxides, resulting in an increases crosslinking reactivity. The introduction of a methyl group at the epoxy ring of the polymers with glass transition temp. ( T g ) lower than room temp. enhances the crosslinking reactivity, whereas it diminishes the reactivity for the polymers with T g higher than room temp. This result can be explained by assuming that the presence of the methyl group results not only in an increase of the epoxide reactivity due to both the inductive effect of the methyl group and the increased ring strain, but also the decreased mobility of the epoxy groups. Thus, the reactivity of the rubbery polymers is principally controlled by the intrinsic reactivity of the epoxides, and the reactivity of the rigid polymers is mainly controlled by the mobility of the reactive sites.
Impact of tissue surface properties on the desorption electrospray ionization imaging of organic acids in grapevine stem (2016)

Variations in the tissue surface properties across the tissue sample can greatly affect the semi-quantitative detection of organic acids. Attention should be paid when interpreting DESI imaging results and an independent analytical validation step is important in untargeted DESI imaging investigations.
Low-Dose Lipopolysaccharide Modifies the Production of IL-12 by Dendritic Cells in Response to Various Cytokines (2006)

Dendritic cell (DC) activation is triggered by cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and microbe components, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). During the initial stage of infection, the microbe components appear to be present at low concentration. To determine the role of low-dose microbe-components in DC activation during the initial stage of infection, we examined the effects of low-dose LPS on cytokine-induced maturation and function of DCs. Low-dose LPS (1 ng/ml) treatment of DCs had only additive effects on the expression of CD86 and major histocompatibility complex class II induced by various cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1beta, TNF-alpha and interferon (IFN)-gamma. IL-1beta alone significantly induced IL-12 production in DCs, whereas TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma induced modest levels of IL-12 production. When low-dose LPS (1 ng/ml), which only slightly induced IL-12 production, was added to the culture, only an additive effect was seen on IL-1beta-induced IL-12 production. In contrast, low-dose LPS synergistically enhanced TNF-alpha- or IFN-gamma-induced IL-12 production. SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK, markedly inhibited TNF-alpha- or IFN-gamma-induced IL-12-production either in the absence or presence of LPS, but showed only modest effects on IL-beta-induced IL-12-production. These findings suggest that the p38 MAPK pathway is essential for the synergistic IL-12 production induced by TNF-alpha- or IFN-gamma in combination with low-dose LPS in DC.
Fix it where it fails: Pronunciation learning by mining error corrections from speech logs (2015)

The pronunciation dictionary, or lexicon, is an essential component in an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system in that incorrect pronunciations cause systematic misrecognitions. It typically consists of a list of word-pronunciation pairs written by linguists, and a grapheme-to-phoneme (G2P) engine to generate pronunciations for words not in the list. The hand-generated list can never keep pace with the growing vocabulary of a live speech recognition system, and the G2P is usually of limited accuracy. This is especially true for proper names whose pronunciations may be influenced by various historical or foreign-origin factors. In this paper, we propose a language-independent approach to detect misrecognitions and their corrections from voice search logs. We learn previously unknown pronunciations from this data, and demonstrate that they significantly improve the quality of a production-quality speech recognition system.
Syntheses et reactivite de complexes cyclohexadiene fer tricarbonyle : approches de la synthese totale de la galanthamine et ses analogues (1996)

Le programme de recherche a consiste a trouver une approche originale de la synthese de la galanthamine et de ses analogues, approche fondee sur la chimie des complexes cyclohexadiene fer tricarbonyle. La galanthamine est un alcaloide de la famille des amarylidaceae presentant un interet pharmacologique et therapeutique interessant pour le traitement de la maladie d'alzheimer. Deux voies de synthese ont ete envisagees et reposent sur la formation du carbone quaternaire de cette molecule: l'une, intermoleculaire, faisant intervenir la reactivite des complexes cationiques 1-alkyl-(4-methoxy-cyclohexadienyl) fer tricarbonyle, l'autre, intramoleculaire, impliquant des reactions oxydatives avec les complexes neutres 1-alkyl-(4-methoxy-cyclohexa-2,4-diene) fer tricarbonyle. Divers nucleophiles (aromatiques metalles, ethers d'enols silyles et stannyles, aniline) ont ete mis en reaction avec les complexes cationiques. Les resultats negatifs nous ont pousses a approfondir certaines reactivites inattendues, en particulier l'effet du tamis moleculaire sur les complexes cationiques, une nouvelle addition de nucleophile permettant d'introduire un groupement tributyl etain sur le fer, ainsi que le mode d'action du trifluoroacetate de thallium. De nombreux complexes originaux ont ete prepares, pouvant avoir des applications synthetiques interessantes. Cette etude de reactivite a egalement permis de proposer plusieurs mecanismes reactionnels
Good Halftone Masks via Genetic Algorithms (2003)

We present a genetic algorithm that automatically generates halftone masks optimized for use in specic printing systems. The search is guided by a single gure of merit based on a model of the printing process and the human visual system. Our experiments show that genetic algorithms are effective in nding improved halftone masks and that two methods of reducing the search space to particular subsets of possible halftone masks greatly enhance the search performance. 12
Output feedback risk-sensitive control and dynamic games: small noise limits (1997)

Employs logarithmic transformations to establish relations between continuous-time nonlinear partially observable risk-sensitive control problems and analogous output feedback dynamic games.
Experimental Studies on Characteristics of High-Temperature Syngas Plasma and Magnetohydrodynamic Power Generation (2004)

Properties of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) plasma based on syngas (CO, H2) combustion products were investigated experimentally using a shock tube facility. The experiments were carried out under various MHD generator load and shock tube operation conditions. Important characteristics of syngas plasma such as temperature, conductivity and total output power were directly measured and evaluated. Special attention was paid to the influence of the syngas composition (CO:H2:O2 ratio). The results show that syngas combustion can provide high plasma ionization and the attainable electric plasma conductivity has the order of 60–70 S/m at gas temperatures in the range of 3150–3300 K.
Thermal analysis of superconducting undulator cryomodules (2015)

A cryocooler-cooled superconducting undulator (SCU0) has been operating in the Advanced Photon Source (APS) storage ring since January of 2013. Based on lessons learned from the construction and operation of SCU0, a second superconducting undulator (SCU1) has been built and cold tested stand-alone. An excess cooling capacity measurement and static heat load analysis show a large improvement of cryogenic performance of SCU1 compared with SCU0. ANSYS-based thermal analysis of these cryomodules incorporating all the cooling circuits was completed. Comparisons between measured and calculated temperatures at the three operating conditions of the cryomodule (static, beam heat only, beam heat and magnet current) will be presented.
A leucine‐supplemented diet restores the defective postprandial inhibition of proteasome‐dependent proteolysis in aged rat skeletal muscle (2005)

We tested the hypothesis that skeletal muscle ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent proteolysis is dysregulated in ageing in response to feeding. In Experiment 1 we measured rates of proteasome-dependent proteolysis in incubated muscles from 8- and 22-month-old rats, proteasome activities, and rates of ubiquitination, in the postprandial and postabsorptive states. Peptidase activities of the proteasome decreased in the postabsorptive state in 22-month-old rats compared with 8-month-old animals, while the rate of ubiquitination was not altered. Furthermore, the down-regulation of in vitro proteasome-dependent proteolysis that prevailed in the postprandial state in 8-month-old rats was defective in 22-month-old rats. Next, we tested the hypothesis that the ingestion of a 5% leucine-supplemented diet may correct this defect. Leucine supplementation restored the postprandial inhibition of in vitro proteasome-dependent proteolysis in 22-month-old animals, by down-regulating both rates of ubiquitination and proteasome activities. In Experiment 2, we verified that dietary leucine supplementation had long-lasting effects by comparing 8- and 22-month-old rats that were fed either a leucine-supplemented diet or an alanine-supplemented diet for 10 days. The inhibited in vitro proteolysis was maintained in the postprandial state in the 22-month-old rats fed the leucine-supplemented diet. Moreover, elevated mRNA levels for ubiquitin, 14-kDa ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2, and C2 and X subunits of the 20S proteasome that were characteristic of aged muscle were totally suppressed in 22-month-old animals chronically fed the leucine-supplemented diet, demonstrating an in vivo effect. Thus the defective postprandial down-regulation of in vitro proteasome-dependent proteolysis in 22-month-old rats was restored in animals chronically fed a leucine-supplemented diet.
Regional Anatomic and Age Effects on Cell Function of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (2008)

Adipose tissue has been shown to contain adult mesenchymal stem cells that have therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine. There is evidence that the ability of adipose precursor cells to grow and differentiate varies among fat depots and changes with age. Defining these variations in cell function and molecular mechanisms of adipogenesis will facilitate the development of cell-based therapies. We compared cells harvested from 5 different subcutaneous (SC) adipose depots in 12 female patients classified into 3 age ranges (25-30, 40-45, and 55-60 years old). Capacity for differentiation of isolated adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) with and without ciglitazone, a strong peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptors (PPAR)-gamma agonist, was assessed in vitro. ASCs were also characterized by lipolytic function, proliferation, and sensitivity to apoptosis. Additionally, PPAR-gamma-2 protein expression was determined. We observed a difference in the apoptotic susceptibility of ASCs from various SC depots, with the superficial abdominal depot (above Scarpas layer) significantly more resistant to apoptosis when compared with the 4 other depots. We have also demonstrated that a PPAR-gamma agonist aids in the induction of differentiation in cells from all depots and ages. Although sensitivity to apoptosis was linked to anatomic depot, differences in cell proliferation were related primarily to age. Stimulated free glycerol release has been shown to be highest in the arm depot. The arm depot has also consistently shown expression of PPAR-gamma-2 with and without a PPAR-gamma agonist. Younger patients have increased PPAR-gamma-2 expression in all depots, whereas the older patients have consistent elevated expression only in the arm and thigh depots. We have shown there is variability in function of ASCs that have been harvested from different SC depots. Additionally, we have shown age-related changes in function. These data will help select patients and cell harvest sites most suitable for tissue engineering therapies.
OSRT observations of the SCO X-1 region at 327 MHz (1985)

An OSRT map of a 2°×1° field around Sco X-1 with resolution of 3×3 arcmin2 at 327 MHz is presented. There is no evidence of any extended emission around Sco X-1 brighter than 50 mJy beam−1. Two sources in the field, 1617-153 and 1616-160, lie at distances of 15 and 31 arcmin from Sco X-1 and are collinear with its triple source structure. High-resolution (100×50 arcsec2) OSRT maps of these and Sco X-1 are presented. The spectra of the NE and central components in Sco X-1 show low-frequency turnovers around 1 GHz, while the SW components have a power-law non-thermal spectrum.
Simultaneously Gain-Flattening and Gain-Clamping Technique for Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers by Backward Injection of a Fabry–Perot Laser Light (2004)

An active control technique of obtaining simultaneously gain-flattened and gain-clamped spectra for erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated by injecting Fabry–Perot (F–P) laser light into the EDFA. In the demonstration, our EDFA module could simultaneously reduce gain variation from 10.8 dB to 1.1 dB for a 10 dB input power change and reduce gain flatness from 11.6 dB to 2.0 dB over the operating wavelength range of 1528 nm to 1560 nm.
Origin of the photoluminescence line at 0.8 eV in undoped and Si-doped GaSb grown by MOVPE (2001)

We study the low-temperature photoluminescence (PL) of unintentionally doped and Si-doped bulk GaSb grown by low-pressure metal-organic vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE) from triethylgallium (TEGa), trimethylantimony (TMSb) and silane (SiH/sub 4/). The background doping with Si in nominally undoped layers is shown to be caused by the TMSb precursor. Intentional Si-doping using silane results in p-doping, a reduction of the material compensation, a substantial decrease in the native acceptor concentration and a dramatic gain in the integral PL intensity compared to unintentionally doped samples. These findings suggest that the Si atoms are incorporated predominantly in the anionic sublattice. The Si- related PL line with a maximum at 0.8 eV observed in the PL spectra of both types of samples at helium temperatures is identified as a transition of a free electron to a neutral acceptor Si/sub Sb/ with an activation energy of approximately= 9 meV. The PL spectra of GaSb layers with acceptor concentrations approaching 1 x 10/sup 17/ cm/sup -3/, and particularly the 'blueshift' of the peak at 0.800 eV with the temperature rise, can be understood by taking into account the impact of large-scale fluctuations in the charged impurity concentration. The established properties of low-pressure MOVPE-grown Si-doped GaSb are promising for the applicability of this material to GaSb-based devices.
Low complexity speaker independent command word recognition in car environments (2002)

In this paper we compare a standard HMM based recognizer to a highly parameter efficient hybrid denoted hidden neural network (HNN). The comparison was done on a speaker independent command word recognition task aimed at car hands-free applications. Monophone based HMM and HNN recognizers were initially trained on clean Wall Street Journal British English data. Evaluation of these baseline models on noisy car speech data indicated superior performance of the HMMs. After smoothing to the car environment, however, an HNN with 28k parameters provided a relative error rate reduction of 23-53% over HMMs containing 21k-168k parameters. Due to the low number of parameters in the HNNs, they have a real-time decoding complexity 2-4 times below that of comparable HMMs. The low memory and computational requirements of the HNN makes it particularly attractive for implementation on portable commercial hardware like mobile phones and personal digital assistants.
Revisiting Adaptive Convolutions for Video Frame Interpolation (2020)

Video frame interpolation, the synthesis of novel views in time, is an increasingly popular research direction with many new papers further advancing the state of the art. But as each new method comes with a host of variables that affect the interpolation quality, it can be hard to tell what is actually important for this task. In this work, we show, somewhat surprisingly, that it is possible to achieve near state-of-the-art results with an older, simpler approach, namely adaptive separable convolutions, by a subtle set of low level improvements. In doing so, we propose a number of intuitive but effective techniques to improve the frame interpolation quality, which also have the potential to other related applications of adaptive convolutions such as burst image denoising, joint image filtering, or video prediction.