gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thresholding the virtual value: a simple method to increase welfare and lower reserve prices in online auction systems. (2018)

Second price auctions with reserve price are widely used by the main Internet actors because of their incentive compatibility property. We show that once reserve price are learned based on past bidder behavior, this auction is not anymore incentive compatible. Through a functional analytic rather than game theoretic approach, we exhibit shading strategies which lead to large increase of revenue for the bidders. In the symmetric case, we show that there exists a simple equilibrium strategy that enables bidders to get the revenue they would get in a second price auction without reserve price. We then study the consequences of this result on recent work on collusion in second price auctions and prove that the proposed bidding strategies are robust to some approximation error of the auctioneer.
ChemInform Abstract: N<sup>1</sup>‐Arylsulfonyl‐N<sup>2</sup>‐ (1‐aryl)ethyl‐3‐phenylpropane‐1,2‐diamines as Novel Calcimimetics Acting on the Calcium Sensing Receptor. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
BER-Aware Backscattering Design for Energy Maximization at RFID Passive Tag (2022)

AbsThe radio frequency identification (RFID) passive tag is wireless communication device with high energy sustainability, such that it uses the incident radio frequency (RF) signal to backscatter its information. This paper investigates the output load power maximization with optimal load impedances selection in the backscatter communication (BackCom) network. The considered BackCom system comprises a reader broadcasting an unmodulated carrier to the passive tag in the downlink. The tag backscatters its information signal to the reader with binary amplitude-shift keying (BASK) modulation in the uplink. We formulated an average output load power maximization problem by jointly optimizing the reflection coefficients while satisfying the minimum bit error rate (BER) requirement and tag sensitivity constraint. To simplify the problem, we transform the BER constraint to the modulation index constraint and reduce the 4 variables problem to 2 variables convex optimization problem. Using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions, we design an algorithm to obtain the closed-form expression for the global optimal reflection coefficients that maximize the output load power. The simulation results provide insight into the impact of the information bit probability, tag sensitivity constraint, and BER on the achievable average load power. An overall gain of around 16% signifies the utility of our proposed design.
Barlaam’s Paraphrase of Euclid, Elements II 1–10. A Critical Edition (2023)

The article presents a critical edition, with a translation and an introduction, of the arithmetical rewriting of Euclid, Elements II 1–10, authored by the 14th-century scholar and polemicist Barlaam of Seminara, one of the two leading characters in the Palamite and hesychast controversies. In this way, a further item of Barlaam’s scientific writings can now be read in a critical edition. The present edition explains in detail the mathematical background of Barlaam’s work, describes all of its manuscript witnesses, reconstructs a stemma codicum that does not require any lost witness, and pays due attention to the diagrams that accompany the text.
SECURITY AND PRIVACY THREATS TO ITS (1995)

Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) designers must address several security and privacy issues early in the design and implementation stages to prevent widespread abuse of the system. Experience has demonstrated that it is often difficult, if not impossible, and expensive to retrofit a fix once a computer or communications system is in place. However, when specific security requirements are defined during the initial design stage and appropriate measures are implemented, the cost is often relatively low. As an added benefit, users and providers of a system are more receptive to accepting new technology if their security needs are satisfied. This paper is a first step at understanding the important security criteria that ITS designers must take into consideration. This paper discusses five classes of potential threats that can be performed on an ITS system: theft of service, tracing threat, illegal influence of traffic patterns, threat to user's privacy, and competitive threats. Examples of potential attacks for each class of threat are given. Some of these attacks are similar in nature to attacks that are already occurring on other networks and some of them are distinct to ITS. A brief summary of possible technical measures and operational procedures that may be used to counter some of these threats is also given.
The influence of the secondary geodynamic factors on medico-biological and economic risks (2019)

Influence of secondary geodynamic factors on medical and biological safety of population is considered. Among these factors are electromagnetic and infrasound fields caused by “slow” geodynamic nature catastrophes discussed. Some features and causes of “slow catastrophes”, as well as the specifics of infrasonic oscillations are described. The hypothesis about the influence of infrasound field on the incidence of cancer diseases considered. The possibility of application of the proposed research methods in the planning of development and operation of modern settlements.
Cycletrees: a Novel Class of Interconnection Graphs (1993)

We introduce a new class of graphs that we call cycletrees. A cycletree includes a basic binary tree and has a unique Hamiltonian cycle. We argue that cycletrees reﬂect the communication patterns of several common parallel programming paradigms and can be used in various ﬁelds of parallel computation. Several minimality, optimality and planarity properties are proved for cycletrees. A subclass of cycletrees is identiﬁed as natural cycletrees through an inductive deﬁnition. Methods for generating natural cycletrees, given either a set of vertices, a cycle or a basic binary tree, are presented. We present an inexpensive and simple routing algorithm for natural cycletree networks. A superfast parallel algorithm is presented, which dynamically establishes the shortest path router data for the given router algorithm. We compare cycletrees with other interconnection graphs that have been designed for partly similar reasons.
Gas-Phase Actinide Ion Chemistry:  FT-ICR/MS Study of the Reactions of Thorium and Uranium Metal and Oxide Ions with Arenes (1997)

Gas-phase reactions of M+, M2+, MO+ (M = Th and U), and UO2+ with several arenes (benzene, naphthalene, toluene, mesitylene, hexamethylbenzene, and 1,3,5-tri-tert-butylbenzene) have been studied by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR/MS). For M+ ions C−H and/or C−C bond activation was observed in the primary reactions for all of the arenes studied. MO+ and UO2+ ions yielded the adduct species, with the exceptions of the reactions of MO+ with hexamethylbenzene and 1,3,5-tri-tert-butylbenzene, for which bond activation products also formed. In the M2+ reactions charge-transfer products dominated, but formation of doubly charged bond activation products was also observed with all the arenes. Product distributions and reaction rate constants are reported and related to the electronic configurations of the reacting ions, the polarizabilities of the arenes, and the energetics of the different reactions.
Enhancement of prostate-targeted radiotherapy using [131I]MIP-1095 in combination with radiosensitizing chemotherapeutic drugs (2013)

119 Objectives The prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting small molecule radiopharmaceutical, MIP-1095 (J Med Chem.2009,22;52(2):347-57), was radiolabelled with I-131 and was evaluated pre-clinically. Growth delay of spheroids derived from LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells was used to determine the radiosensitizing potential of various chemotherapeutic drugs in combination with [131I]MIP-1095. Methods Enhanced efficacy was manifest by a statistically significant reduction of the area under the volume/time growth curve (AUC) resulting from combination treatment compared with that achieved by either agent alone. Various chemotherapeutic drugs were investigated for synergistic interaction: olaparib (PARP-1 inhibitor), topotecan (topoisomerase I inhibitor), docetaxel (mitotic spindle-targeting agent), nutlin-3 (inhibitor of the P53-MDM2 interaction) and DSF:Cu (the copper-chelated form of disulfiram). Results DSF:Cu showed the greatest radiosensitizing effect, indicated by AUC values of 34.59 ± 1.00 for control, 23.53 ± 1.10 for [131I]MIP-1095, 22.71 ± 1.85 for DSF:Cu and -5.55 ± 1.76 ( P Conclusions These results demonstrated that DSF:Cu enhanced the efficacy not only of external beam radiation but also of targeted radionuclide therapy. The suggested radiosensitizing mechanism is inhibition of radiation-induced G2 arrest. Therefore DSF:Cu may have anti-cancer potential in combination with radiotherapy.
How Requests for IANA Action Will Be Handled on the Independent Stream (2020)

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) maintains registries to
track codepoints used by protocols such as those defined by the IETF
and documented in RFCs developed on the IETF Stream. The Independent
Submissions Stream is another source of documents that can be
published as RFCs. This stream is under the care of the Independent
Submissions Editor (ISE). This document complements RFC 4846 by
providing a description of how the ISE currently handles documents in
the Independent Submissions Stream that request actions from the IANA.
Nothing in this document changes existing IANA registries or their
allocation policies, nor does it change any previously documented
processes.
Some Remarks on the Fragility of PD Controllers for SISO Systems with I/O Delays (2010)

International audience
Solving the power flow equations: a monotone operator approach (2015)

The AC power flow equations underlie all operational aspects of power systems. They are solved routinely in operational practice using the Newton-Raphson method and its variants. These methods work well given a good initial "guess" for the solution, which is always available in normal system operations. However, with the increase in levels of intermittent generation, the assumption of a good initial guess always being available is no longer valid. In this paper, we solve this problem using the theory of monotone operators. We show that it is possible to compute (using an offline optimization) a "monotonicity domain" in the space of voltage phasors. Given this domain, there is a simple efficient algorithm that will either find a solution in the domain, or provably certify that no solutions exist in it. We validate the approach on several IEEE test cases and demonstrate that the offline optimization can be performed tractably and the computed "monotonicity domain" includes all practically relevant power flow solutions.
Ovarian Cancer Treatment Stratification Using <i>Ex Vivo</i> Drug Sensitivity Testing (2019)

We propose that ex vivo drug-sensitivity screening holds the potential to greatly improve patient outcomes, especially in a population where multiple continuous treatments are not an option due to advanced disease, rapid disease progression, age or poor overall health. This approach may also be useful to identify potential novel therapeutics for patients with ovarian cancer.
Monoclonal immunoglobulin A antibodies directed against cholera toxin prevent the toxin-induced chloride secretory response and block toxin binding to intestinal epithelial cells in vitro (1993)

Secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies directed against cholera toxin (CT) are thought to be important in resistance to oral challenge with virulent Vibrio cholerae, although alternative mechanisms for protection of intestinal epithelia against CT-induced fluid secretion have been proposed. The ability of anti-CT IgA to block the effects of CT on human enterocytes has not been directly tested because of the lack of a well-defined in vitro intestinal epithelial cell system to directly measure toxin action and the limited availability of purified anti-CT IgA antibodies. We have generated hybridomas that produce monoclonal IgA and IgG antibodies directed against CT by fusion of Peyer's patch cells with mouse myeloma cells after oral-systemic immunization of mice with CT and CT B-subunit protein. All of the anti-CT antibodies recognized the B subunit. Three clones (designated anti-CTB IgA-1, IgA-2, and IgA-3) which produced IgA antibodies in dimeric and polymeric forms were selected. Checkerboard immunoblotting demonstrated that IgA-1 recognized an epitope distinct from that recognized by IgA-2 and IgA-3 and that none of the antibodies were directed against the binding site of GM1, the intestinal cell membrane toxin receptor. The protective capacity of these IgAs was tested in vitro with human T84 colon carcinoma cells grown on permeable supports as confluent monolayers of polarized enterocytes. When each anti-CTB IgA was mixed with 10 nM CT and applied to the apical surfaces of T84 cell monolayers, all three IgAs blocked CT-induced Cl- secretion in a dose-dependent manner and completely inhibited binding of rhodamine-labelled CT to apical cell membranes. Thus, monoclonal anti-CTB IgA antibodies are sufficient to protect human enterocytes in vitro against CT binding and action.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fluorine‐Containing α‐Amino Acids in Enantiomerically Pure Form via Homologation of Ni(II) Complexes of Glycine and Alanine Schiff Bases (2013)

Abstract Review: 144 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A STRATEGY FOR THE TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF JATROPHONE: SYNTHESIS OF NORMETHYLJATROPHONE (1981)

Abstract Durch Umsetzung des aus der Säure (I) erhältlichen (keine präparativen Angaben) Aldehyds (II) mit dem Keton (IV) ‐ zugänglich in 5 Schritten aus dem Hydroxyketon (III) ‐ , nachfolgende Ox.idation, säurekatalysierte Deblockierung und Cyclodehydratisierung wird das Spirofuranon (Va) erhalten, dessen Acetal (Vb) zum Keton (Vc) oxidiert wird.
Reactivity of molecular clusters in the gas phase: proton-transfer reaction in neutral phenol-(ammonia)n and phenol-(ethanamine)n (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactivity of molecular clusters in the gas phase: proton-transfer reaction in neutral phenol-(ammonia)n and phenol-(ethanamine)nC. Jouvet, C. Lardeux-Dedonder, M. Richard-Viard, D. Solgadi, and A. TramerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 12, 5041–5048Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100375a051https://doi.org/10.1021/j100375a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views283Altmetric-Citations118LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A computer controlled Dynamic Dilution system for improved accuracy and QA/QC in TO14 standard preparation (1994)

Dynamic Dilution is the method of choice for preparing low-level TO14 standards in canisters. One or more cylinders containing NIST certified standards can be blended together with a diluent gas under mass flow control to produce very consistent standards at ppb levels. Blending manifolds can be designed to maintain constant temperatures, pressures, and flow rates during the entire canister filling operation to insure that a proper mass balance is maintained. A Dynamic Dilution system is presented that interfaces to a Windows{trademark}-based operating system allowing implementation of sophisticated flow calculations and feedback control. The dilution system is capable of using temperature compensated vacuum reservoir pressurization to calibrate up to 6 MFC channels unattended. Multiple calibration events can be set up to run sequentially with Means and %RSDs given for the data obtained for improved reliability. Calibrations over a several day period show the stability of mass flow controllers and can indicate the presence of unusually large drifts. These calibration factors are then used by the dilution system to make corrections in flow signals to provide very accurate ppb level standards. The preparation of multiple standards in different canisters without user intervention is also supported for making 2, 5, 10, 20, andmore » 50 ppb level standards for TO14 instrument calibration.« less
Co-Delivery of Timolol and Brimonidine with a Polymer Thin-Film Intraocular Device (2019)

The co-delivery device demonstrated a zero-order release profile in vitro for 2 hypotensive agents over 60 days. In vivo, the device led to significant cumulative IOP reduction of 3.4 ± 1.6 mmHg over 13 weeks. Acceptable ocular tolerance was seen, and systemic drug levels were unmeasurable.
Quantized conductance in a one-dimensional ballistic oxide nanodevice (2019)

ARXIV PAPER
Hemodynamic Effects of Sildenafil in Men with Severe Coronary Artery Disease (2000)

No adverse cardiovascular effects of oral sildenafil were detected in men with severe coronary artery disease.
Three Dimensional Magnetic Field Analysis of Permanent Magnet by Boundary Element Method (1990)

Three dimensional analysis is necessary for complicated structural problems, but it requires substantial computer capacity. In this paper, the magnetic field of a permanent magnet was analyzed by the boundary element method. The calculated results were compared with measured results and were found to agree. This method reduces the computing capacity.
Saturation and suppression of hepatic lipoprotein receptors: a mechanism for the hypercholesterolemia of cholesterol-fed rabbits. (1981)

Cholesterol-fed rabbits develop a marked in crease in plasma cholesterol levels. Most of the excess plasma cholesterol is contained in beta-migrating very low density lipoprotein (beta-VLDL), a cholesterol-rich particle that contains apoproteins B and E. When 125I-labeled beta-VLDL from cholesterol-fed rabbits was injected intravenously into normal rabbits, the lipoprotein was cleared rapidly from plasma, 80% of the radioactivity appearing in the liver within 4 min. In vitro binding assays showed that this uptake was due to the presence on liver membranes of a high-affinity, low-capacity binding site that resembles the low density lipoprotein receptor previously characterized on extrahepatic tissues. When the 125I-labeled beta-VLDL was injected into cholesterol-fed rabbits, hepatic uptake was reduced by more than 95% and the lipoprotein remained in the plasma. This defective uptake in cholesterol-fed rabbits was due to two factors: (i) saturation of the lipoprotein receptors by the high concentration of endogenous plasma beta-VLDL and (ii) a 60% reduction in the number of hepatic receptors after cholesterol feeding. Of the two factors, saturation of receptors was quantitatively more important. We suggest that, as a result of the saturation and suppression of receptors, the hepatic removal of beta-VLDL in the cholesterol-fed rabbit fails to increase commensurate with the diet-induced increase in beta-VLDL synthesis and profound hypercholesterolemia ensues.
“HFP” Fluorinated Cationic Lipids for Enhanced Lipoplex Stability and Gene Delivery (2010)

Although a great number of cationic lipids have been designed and evaluated as gene delivery systems, there is still a need for improvement of nonviral vectors. Recently, cationic lipids incorporating terminal fluoroalkyl segments ("FHP" lipids) have been described to display remarkable transfection potency. Here, we describe the synthesis of a new family of fluorinated triblock cationic lipids in which a fluorous segment lays between the cationic and the lipophilic parts of the molecule ("HFP" lipids). The compounds were designed so their self-assembly would offer enhanced resistance toward the host's degradation mechanisms mediated by lipophilic insertion. Self-assembly properties of these cationic lipids were evaluated at the air-water interface where they collapse in a highly ordered liquid phase. The HFP lipids efficiently condense DNA, and the resulting lipoplexes display enhanced resistance to amphiphilic agents when compared to nonfluorinated or FHP cationic lipids. Transfection properties of the fluorinated vectors, alone or as mixtures with different helper lipids (DOPE and a fluorinated analogue of DOPE), were then investigated on different cell lines (BHK-21, HepG2, and HeLa) and compared to those of the reference cationic lipid DOTAP. Data show that impermeabilization of the lipidic phase by fluorous segments alter significantly the gene transfection activities. Remarkably, incorporation of DOPE within the lipoplexes provides the particles with high gene transfection activity without reducing their resistance to amphiphilic agents.
Find Me the Right Content! Diversity-Based Sampling of Social Media Spaces for Topic-Centric Search (2021)

Social media and networking websites, such as Twitter and Facebook, generate large quantities of information and have become mechanisms for real-time content dissipation to users. An important question that arises is: how do we sample such social media information spaces in order to deliver relevant content on a topic to end users? Notice that these large-scale information spaces are inherently diverse, featuring a wide array of attributes such as location, recency, degree of diffusion effects in the network and so on. Naturally, for the end user, different levels of diversity in social media content can significantly impact the information consumption experience: low diversity can provide focused content that may be simpler to understand, while high diversity can increase breadth in the exposure to multiple opinions and perspectives. Hence to address our research question, we turn to diversity as a core concept in our proposed sampling methodology. Here we are motivated by ideas in the "compressive sensing" literature and utilize the notion of sparsity in social media information to represent such large spaces via a small number of basis components. Thereafter we use a greedy iterative clustering technique on this transformed space to construct samples matching a desired level of diversity. Based on Twitter Firehose data, we demonstrate quantitatively that our method is robust, and performs better than other baseline techniques over a variety of trending topics. In a user study, we further show that users find samples generated by our method to be more interesting and subjectively engaging compared to techniques inspired by state-of-the-art systems, with improvements in the range of 15--45%.