gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (2010)

During the past decade, a wide range of scientific disciplines have adopted the use of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) as an important tool for research and discovery. In Adipose-Derived Ste
Review of clinical data with Paccocath- coated balloon catheters. (2011)

The use of drug-coated balloons (DCB) for preventing restenosis in both coronary and peripheral arteries has received increasing attention. The first successful clinical outcomes in inhibiting restenosis have been reported for paclitaxel-coated balloons. Paclitaxel is a lipophilic substance characterized by rapid intracellular uptake and irreversible binding to microtubules. In this way, paclitaxel alters the cell structure, ultimately reducing proliferation, migration, and signaling. These properties make paclitaxel a very potent antiproliferative drug. Paclitaxel admixed to a small amount of the hydrophilic X-ray contrast medium iopromide (Ultravist™) emerged as a very effective coating matrix from numerous in vitro and in vivo experiments and has been denoted as Paccocath™. The randomized controlled ISR I/II-, Thunder- and FEMPAC studies have been conducted using Paccocath™ balloons. Late lumen loss as the primary endpoint at 6 months proved to be statistically significantly reduced in the coated balloon groups in coronary and peripheral arteries. The slightly modified coating on the SeQuent™ Please balloons (B.Braun, Melsungen, Germany) has been clinically studied in the PEPCAD (Paclitaxel-Eluting PTCA-Catheter in Coronary Artery Disease) clinical trial program. Cotavance™ balloons (MEDRAD Inc, Minneapolis, USA) are also coated with the Paccocath™ formulation. In this review we first outline the development of Paccocath™ balloons to then provide an overview of the clinical results obtained with the modified coating. Furthermore we examine possible mechanism of action by which single administration of an antiproliferative drug dose using paclitaxel-coated balloons inhibits restenosis.
New Angular Polycyclic Aromatic Boron Heterocycle Ring Systems (2016)

2‐Formylphenylboronic acid condenses with salicyloyl and anthraniloyl hydrazines directly to generate dibenzo‐fused versions of [1,2,3]diazaborinino[3,2‐ b ][1,3,2]oxazaborinine and [1,3,2]diazaborinino[1,2‐ b ][1,2,3]diazaborinine, respectively, in excellent yields. These compounds, the first members of heretofore unknown planar polycyclic boron heterocycle ring systems, were characterized thoroughly by high‐field NMR spectroscopy, X‐ray crystallography, and other techniques.
Caching in the multiverse (2019)

To get good performance for data stored in Object storage services like S3, data analysis clusters need to cache data locally. Recently these caches have started taking into account higher-level information from analysis framework, allowing prefetching based on predictions of future data accesses. There is, however, a broader opportunity; rather than using this information to predict one future, we can use it to select a future that is best for caching. This paper provides preliminary evidence that we can exploit the directed acyclic graph (DAG) of inter-task dependencies used by data-parallel frameworks such as Spark, PIG and Hive to improve application performance, by optimizing caching for the critical path through the DAG for the application. We present experimental results for PIG running TPC-H queries, showing completion time improvements of up to 23% vs our implementation of MRD, a state-of-the-art DAG-based prefetching system, and improvements of up to 2.5x vs LRU caching. We then discuss the broader opportunity for building a system based on this opportunity.
Explicit use of road topography for model predictive cruise control in heavy trucks (2005)

New and exciting possibilities in vehicle control are revealed by the consideration of topography through the combination GPS and three dimensional road maps. This thesis explores how information about future road slopes can be utilized in a heavy truck with the aim at reducing the fuel consumption over a route without increasing the total travel time. A model predictive control (MPC) scheme is used to control the longitudinal behavior of the vehicle, which entails determining accelerator and brake levels and also which gear to engage. The optimization is accomplished through discrete dynamic programming. A cost function is used to define the optimization criterion. Through the function parameters the user is enabled to decide how fuel use, negative deviations from the reference velocity, velocity changes, gear shifts and brake use are weighed. Computer simulations with a load of 40 metric tons shows that the fuel consumption can be reduced with 2.5% with a negligible change in travel time, going from Link¨oping to J¨onk¨oping and back. The road slopes are calculated by differentiation of authentic altitude measurements along this route. The complexity of the algorithm when achieving these results allows the simulations to run two to four times faster than real time on a standard PC, depending on the desired update frequency of the control signals.
Regulation of oncogene-induced senescence by the MRE11 and TREX1 nucleases (2023)

Abstract Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is a tumor-suppressive mechanism that arrests cell proliferation in response to oncogene-induced replication stress (RS). OIS also depends on the cGAS-STING pathway, which detects cytosolic DNA and promotes the expression of type I interferons (IFN) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Whether and how the RS and IFN responses cooperate to promote OIS is currently unknown. Here, we show that the MRE11 nuclease promotes OIS in immortalized human fibroblasts overexpressing the H-RAS V12 oncogene both by slowing replication forks and by activating the cGAS-STING pathway in response to RS. Interestingly, overexpression of TREX1, the major nuclease degrading cytosolic DNA, prevented RAS-induced senescence. In contrast, overexpression of a dominant negative mutant of TREX1 was sufficient to induce senescence in human fibroblasts, even in the absence of H-RAS V12 induction. Collectively, these data suggest that the RS and IFN responses in OIS are functionally linked through a process involving the nucleases MRE11 and TREX1.
High-Throughput Screening of an Octanoic Acid Producer Strain Library Enables Detection of New Targets for Increasing Titers in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2021)

Octanoic acid is an industrially relevant compound with applications in antimicrobials or as a precursor for biofuels. Microbial biosynthesis through yeast is a promising alternative to current unsustainable production methods. To increase octanoic acid titers in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>, we use a previously developed biosensor that is based on the octanoic acid responsive <i>pPDR12</i> promotor coupled to GFP. We establish a biosensor strain amenable for high-throughput screening of an octanoic acid producer strain library. Through development, optimization, and execution of a high-throughput screening approach, we were able to detect two new genetic targets, <i>KCS1</i> and <i>FSH2</i>, which increased octanoic acid titers through combined overexpression by about 55% compared to the parental strain. Neither target has yet been reported to be involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. The presented methodology can be employed to screen any genetic library and thereby more genes involved in improving octanoic acid production can be detected in the future.
Radioimmunoassay of Digoxin in Serum Using Monoclonal Antibodies and Assessment of Interference by Digoxin-Like Immunoreactive Substances (1990)

We used 7 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) and one polyclonal antibody to develop radioimmunoassays (RIAs) for digoxin in serum or plasma. These RIAs were tested for measuring apparent digoxin concentrations in serum from patients receiving the drug, from normal individuals, and in cord blood plasma. We found that two MoAbs cross-reacted significantly with substances in cord blood. The magnitude of cross-reactivity was dependent on the incubation time and temperature. Under equilibrium conditions, one antibody gave apparent digoxin values in cord blood plasma averaging 2.15 ng/ml. We suggest that this cross-reactivity is partially due to progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone in cord blood plasma. The antibody that shows high cross-reactivity with digoxin-like immunoreactive substances may prove a useful tool for studies dealing with characterization of the cross-reacting compounds.
A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Study of Divalproex Sodium Extended Release in the Treatment of Acute Mania (2006)

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00060905.
Polarization Calibration Scheme for a Practical Handheld Free Space Quantum Key Distribution Link (2019)

Free space Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) links between terminals that move relative to each other pose a number of challenges. The beam-steering components (typically mirrors) and the relative movement lead to variable birefringence, and for particular configuration there will also be fixed birefringence. The paper proposes a polarization calibration scheme suitable for real-time operation. Simulation and experiment are performed to verify the proposed scheme.
Distinct changes in the percentage of centrally nucleated fibers by mutations and age in &lt;i&gt;mdx&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;mdx52&lt;/i&gt; mice. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;(A) Representative images of TA muscles from &lt;i&gt;mdx&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;mdx52&lt;/i&gt; mice at ages 2, 6, 12 and 18&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;months with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Wild-type C57BL/6 muscle at 2&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;months of age is displayed as a control. M: months. Scale bar = 100&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;μm. (B) The percentage of centrally nucleated fibers in TA and GC muscles from &lt;i&gt;mdx&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;mdx52&lt;/i&gt; mice. Three hundred to one thousand myofibers were counted in left and right muscles and the percentage of CNFs was averaged between the two muscles per mouse. Values are mean ± S.D. (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 3–6 mice per group). *&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05, **&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01 between &lt;i&gt;mdx&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;mdx52&lt;/i&gt; mice; †&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05, ††&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01 compared to 2&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;months old; ‡&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05, ‡‡&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01 compared to 6&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;months old. Symbol colors are accordant with the color of mice (red; &lt;i&gt;mdx&lt;/i&gt;, blue; &lt;i&gt;mdx52&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;
Intelligence Augmentation: Towards Building Human- machine Symbiotic Relationship (2021)

Artificial intelligence, which people originally modeled after human intelligence, has made significant advances in recent years. These advances have caused many to fear that machines will surpass human intelligence and dominate humans. Intelligence augmentation (IA) has the potential to turn the tension between the two intelligence types into a symbiotic one. Although IA has not gained momentum until recent years, the idea that machines can amplify human abilities has existed for many decades. Expanded from a panel discussion on Intelligence Augmentation at the 2020 International Conference of Information Systems (ICIS), we define IA in light of its history and evolution and classify IA based on its capabilities, roles, and responsibilities. Based on reviewing the IA literature in terms of research themes, enabling technology, and applications, we identify key research issues, challenges, and future opportunities.
Conceptual Flutter Analysis of Stepped Labyrinth Seals (2019)

Abstract A simple non-dimensional model to describe the flutter onset of two-fin straight labyrinth seals [1] is extended to stepped seals. The effect of the axial displacement of the seal is analyzed first in isolation. It is shown that this fundamental mode is always stable. In a second step, the combination of axial and torsion displacements is used to determine the damping of modes with arbitrary torsion centers. It is concluded that the classical Abbot’s criterion stating that seals supported in the low-pressure side of the seal are stable provided that natural frequency of the mode is greater than the acoustic frequency breaks down under certain conditions. An analytical expression for the non-dimensional work-per-cycle is derived and new non-dimensional parameters controlling the seal stability identified. It is finally concluded the stability of stepped seals can be assimilated to that of a straight through seal if the appropriate distance of the torsion center to the seal is chosen.
Electromagnetic Regulation of Cell Activity (2018)

The ability to observe the effects of rapidly and reversibly regulating cell activity in targeted cell populations has provided numerous physiologic insights. Over the last decade, a wide range of technologies have emerged for regulating cellular activity using optical, chemical, and, more recently, electromagnetic modalities. Electromagnetic fields can freely penetrate cells and tissue and their energy can be absorbed by metal particles. When released, the absorbed energy can in turn gate endogenous or engineered receptors and ion channels to regulate cell activity. In this manner, electromagnetic fields acting on external nanoparticles have been used to exert mechanical forces on cell membranes and organelles to generate heat and interact with thermally activated proteins or to induce receptor aggregation and intracellular signaling. More recently, technologies using genetically encoded nanoparticles composed of the iron storage protein, ferritin, have been used for targeted, temporal control of cell activity in vitro and in vivo. These tools provide a means for noninvasively modulating gene expression, intracellular organelles, such as endosomes, and whole-cell activity both in vitro and in freely moving animals. The use of magnetic fields interacting with external or genetically encoded nanoparticles thus provides a rapid noninvasive means for regulating cell activity.
Apparent exchange rate for breast cancer characterization (2016)

Although diffusion MRI has shown promise for the characterization of breast cancer, it has low specificity to malignant subtypes. Higher specificity might be achieved if the effects of cell morphology and molecular exchange across cell membranes could be disentangled. The quantification of exchange might thus allow the differentiation of different types of breast cancer cells. Based on differences in diffusion rates between the intra- and extracellular compartments, filter exchange spectroscopy/imaging (FEXSY/FEXI) provides non-invasive quantification of the apparent exchange rate (AXR) of water between the two compartments. To test the feasibility of FEXSY for the differentiation of different breast cancer cells, we performed experiments on several breast epithelial cell lines in vitro. Furthermore, we performed the first in vivo FEXI measurement of water exchange in human breast. In cell suspensions, pulsed gradient spin-echo experiments with large b values and variable pulse duration allow the characterization of the intracellular compartment, whereas FEXSY provides a quantification of AXR. These experiments are very sensitive to the physiological state of cells and can be used to establish reliable protocols for the culture and harvesting of cells. Our results suggest that different breast cancer subtypes can be distinguished on the basis of their AXR values in cell suspensions. Time-resolved measurements allow the monitoring of the physiological state of cells in suspensions over the time-scale of hours, and reveal an abrupt disintegration of the intracellular compartment. In vivo, exchange can be detected in a tumor, whereas, in normal tissue, the exchange rate is outside the range experimentally accessible for FEXI. At present, low signal-to-noise ratio and limited scan time allows the quantification of AXR only in a region of interest of relatively large tumors.
Complete Sharing of Light Chain Spectrotypes by Murine IgM and IgG Anti-Streptococcal Antibodies (1977)

In order to examine the diversity of antibody light chains, we have developed an analytic isoelectric focusing procedure which permits the routine analysis of L chains from antibodies raised in individual mice. We have used this technique to demonstrate that the light chains of IgM and IgG anti-group A streptococcal antibodies raised in SWR mice are probably shared. Interestingly, numerous light chain spectrotypes are shared between individual mice whose 7S antibody focusing patterns differ.
Ultra-Remote Fibre Optic Acoustic Sensing Array based on RF Modulation (2007)

RF modulation locking techniques applied to fibre Fabry Perot interferometers enable array based sensitive detection over very long distances in a single fibre. We present results showing multi-channel operation in a 120 km loop using this technique.
Jacobs Journal of Clinical Case Reports Performance of the Transcatheter Lotus TM Valve System in Patients at High Risk of Paravalvular Regurgitation (2015)

Background Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with currently available systems has been associated with the potential of paravalvular aortic regurgitation (PVR) and device malpositioning. The Lotus TM is a second generation, fully repositionable and retrievable transcatheter heart valve that features an outer membrane specifically designed to prevent PVR. Method Patients were selected among TAVI candidates upon evaluation by the heart team. They showed a higher risk for PVR as determined by high excentricity index or heavy annular and valvular calcification on cardiac computer tomography. TAVI procedures were performed by experienced operators in two different sites. Results A total of ten patients underwent TAVI with the Lotus valve system. Mean age was 83.4±4.1 years. Average Logistic Euroscore II and STS mortality risk score were 6.6% and 5.7% respectively. Eight of these patients were at high risk of PVR (eccentricity index > 0.25 and/or cover index < 8%). All procedures were successful. The valve was partially resheathed and repositioned in 5 cases. No PVR was observed in 9 patients; one had a moderate leak immediately after implant, which resolved to trace at day one. Three patients required permanent pacemaker implantation. Conclusion In our initial experience, the Lotus TM Valve System allowed precise positioning and prevented PVR despite high-risk anatomy.
Nonreciprocal Reconfigurable Microwave Optomechanical Circuit (2018)

Nonreciprocal devices, such as isolators, are required to protect sensitive superconducting quantum circuits. Growing research has focused on integrated alternatives to the existing bulky ferrite technologies. Here we realize a nonreciprocal isolator with a multimode microwave optomechanical circuit. Two mechanical oscillators mediate frequency conversion between two microwave modes. Relying on dissipation and the phases of the microwaves tones, the signals interfere constructively in one direction and destructively in the other, resulting in a nonreciprocal isolator. We show how this scheme can be extended to directional amplification and to a circulator, if an additional microwave mode is introduced.
Robust MISO downlink: An efficient algorithm for improved beamforming directions (2016)

The design of a set of beamformers for the multiple-input single-output (MISO) downlink that provides the scheduled users with the quality-of-service (QoS) level that they requested can be quite sensitive to the accuracy of the channel state information (CSI) that is available at the base station. To mitigate that sensitivity, models for the uncertainty in the CSI can be incorporated in the design formulation, but the resulting optimization problems are typically difficult to solve. A recently developed low-complexity algorithm for the power loading problem, in which the beamforming directions are pre-defined, has demonstrated good performance in numerical experiments. In this paper the reasons that underlie that good performance are examined. Then, using insights from that analysis, a computationally-efficient algorithm for jointly designing the beamforming directions and the power loading is developed. The resulting beamformers provide a significant reduction in the outage probability, and a hybrid of the two algorithms provides even further reduction.
An Oxygenophilic Atomic Dispersed FeNC Catalyst for Lean‐Oxygen Seawater Batteries (2021)

Abstract A constant energy supply is crucial for the exploration of deep‐sea extreme environments, and a self‐powered energy conversion device is ideal for this situation. Dissolved‐oxygen seawater batteries (SWBs) that generate electricity by reducing the dissolved oxygen are promising candidates but the ultralow oxygen concentration in deep sea limits the reaction kinetics. As a result, oxygenophilic electrocatalysts for lean‐oxygen conditions are urgently needed. A microwave heating method is reported that achieves the ultrafast synthesis of atomic dispersed FeNC catalyst (FeNgraphene (G)/carbon nanotube (CNT)), which possesses high activity and strong oxygenophilic interface between graphene and CNTs. DFT calculations and experimental results both show that the high oxygenophilicity is due to the double‐adsorption sites on the G/CNT interface, and the high activity FeN 4 active sites is caused by the charge separation. FeNG/CNT catalysts have an outstanding oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance in both O 2 ‐saturated alkaline medium and neutral seawater with half‐wave potentials ( E 1/2 ) of 0.929 and 0.704 V, respectively, far better than commercial Pt/C. A SWB shows excellent performance in lean‐oxygen seawater (≈0.4 mg L −1 ), with a discharge voltage of 1.18 V at 10 mA cm −2 . These results suggest a critical role for oxygenophilic catalyst specifically for SWBs under lean‐oxygen conditions.
T Cell Help to B Cells in Germinal Centers: Putting the Jigsaw Together (2010)

The germinal center (GC) reaction supports the processes of affinity maturation and class switching in B cells that result in long-lasting humoral immunity. CD4(+) T follicular helper cells (Tfh) participate in the GC reaction to help B cells. However, recent studies highlight the heterogeneity of CD4(+) T cells in GCs, which confounds the understanding of Tfh cells. Based on many recent studies, we have tried to form a working model on the niche of Tfh cells in GCs. We have also addressed whether Tfh cells are a distinct lineage and how they may be generated to help B cells.
Compression in the treatment of acute muscle injuries in sport : review article (2004)

Strenuous physical exercise can induce damage and injury to muscle tissue that is manifested as soreness, a decreased range of motion, swelling, pain, and impaired functional capacity. Compression is a therapeutic technique widely used in the treatment of muscle and other soft tissue injuries, though evidence in support of this remedial therapy has until recently being largely anecdotal. Recent scientific research has indicated that external compression can be an effective treatment that minimises swelling, improves the alignment and mobility of scar tissue, and improves proprioception in an injured joint consequent to eccentric damage models and DOMS. The principles behind compressive treatment methods are based on known principles affecting the lymphatic system, reducing oedema, skeletal muscle contractions, local pressure gradients, and the influence of gravity. The rationale for applying compression to injured tissue are, (i) its theoretical ability to reduce oedema via the creation of an external pressure gradient, (ii) by reducing the space available for swelling to accumulate, haemorrhage and haematoma formation can be decreased, and (iii) providing mechanical support that can facilitate the capacity to produce force which is critical for rehabilitation. Compression involves a dynamic immobilisation strategy that allows for greater neural input and the capacity for limited movement during the recovery process. This treatment protocol represents an easily administered therapy that can be used effectively without great financial cost.