gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reference Intervals for Urinary Renal Injury Biomarkers KIM-1 and NGAL in Healthy Children (2014)

This is the first report of reference intervals for KIM-1 and NGAL using two analytical methods in a healthy pediatric population in both UK and US-based populations.
Functional maturation of human neural stem cells in a 3D bioengineered brain model enriched with fetal brain-derived matrix (2019)

Abstract Brain extracellular matrix (ECM) is often overlooked in vitro brain tissue models, despite its instructive roles during development. Using developmental stage-sourced brain ECM in reproducible 3D bioengineered culture systems, we demonstrate enhanced functional differentiation of human induced neural stem cells (hiNSCs) into healthy neurons and astrocytes. Particularly, fetal brain tissue-derived ECM supported long-term maintenance of differentiated neurons, demonstrated by morphology, gene expression and secretome profiling. Astrocytes were evident within the second month of differentiation, and reactive astrogliosis was inhibited in brain ECM-enriched cultures when compared to unsupplemented cultures. Functional maturation of the differentiated hiNSCs within fetal ECM-enriched cultures was confirmed by calcium signaling and unsupervised cluster analysis. Additionally, the study identified native biochemical cues in decellularized ECM with notable comparisons between fetal and adult brain-derived ECMs. The development of novel brain-specific biomaterials for generating mature in vitro brain models provides an important path forward for interrogation of neuron-glia interactions.
MR diffusion tensor imaging documented arcuate fasciculus lesion in a patient with normal repetition performance (2002)

Abstract Background: The pathophysiology of the syndrome of conduction aphasia has been thought to involve a disconnection between posterior and anterior language areas. The arcuate fasciculus has been one of the principal candidates for an anatomical link between Wernicke's and Broca's area, but direct evidence for its involvement in conduction aphasia has been difficult to obtain. Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine white matter tract integrity, using the novel magnetic resonance imaging technique of diffusion tensor imaging, in a patient with transcortical aphasia. Methods & Procedures: A case study of a 55-year-old, right-handed man with aphasia following a left hemisphere stroke is reported. The patient's language performance was assessed with the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination twice: at 10 days and at 2 years after his stroke. An MR diffusion tensor imaging study was obtained approximately 2 years after his stroke using the 1.5 T Phillips Gyroscan NT system. White matter fibre tracts maps were reconstructed using the "FACT" algorithm. Outcomes and Results: Ten days after his stroke, the patient had a non-fluent aphasia with marked impairment of both auditory comprehension and spontaneous speech. However, repetition was relatively intact. By 2 years, when the MR diffusion tensor imaging study was performed, repetition was completely normal and the patient had only subtle deficits in areas of naming and auditory comprehension. The MR diffusion tensor imaging study revealed a lesion of the dominant hemisphere arcuate fasciculus. Conclusions: This study documents normal repetition performance in a patient who on subsequent MR diffusion tensor imaging was found to have a lesion involving the dominant hemisphere arcuate fasciculus lesion. This case adds to previously published cases of normal repetition performance despite a documented lesion of the arcuate fasciculus, and thus further challenges the traditional model of conduction aphasia invoking a critical role of this white matter tract. Our case also suggests that MR diffusion tensor imaging may be a potentially useful technique to evaluate regional involvement of specific white matter tract projections in patients with aphasia.
Data capacity analysis of spectrally encoded quantum dots (2011)

A group of quantum dots (QDs) can be designed to have a unique spectral emission by varying the size of the QDs (wavelength) and number of QDs (intensity). This technique has been previously proposed for fluorescent tags and object identification. The potential of this system lies in the ability to have a large number of distinguishable wavelengths and intensity levels and therefore a large number of unique spectral codes. In this work, we model the spectral overlap between QD colours and the variations in intensity values and propose communication systems algorithms, such as minimum mean square error equalization and maximum likelihood sequence detector, that overcome both of these limiting factors. Through simulations we demonstrate these algorithms being effective at reading QD spectral codes with 6 intensity levels and 6 colours resulting in 46,655 spectral codes.
A Novel Polymeric Substrate with Dual‐Porous Structures for High‐Performance Inkjet‐Printed Flexible Electronic Devices (2023)

Abstract Inkjet printing has emerged as a promising low‐cost and high‐performance method for manufacturing printing‐based devices. However, the development of optimized substrates for inkjet printing using novel materials is limited. In this study, a novel polymeric substrate optimized for flexible electronic devices is fabricated using thin‐film processing and phase inversion of polyethersulfone (PES). The PES film consists of two layers of pores; the upper layer has nano‐sized pores that filter the nanoparticles in the conductive ink and allow for high‐density aggregation on the substrate, while the lower layer contains micro‐scale pores that quickly absorb and drain the ink solvent. The two porous structures lead to higher conductivity and high‐resolution printed patterns by minimizing solvent lateral diffusion. Additionally, the PES printing substrate can undergo high‐temperature curing of metal nanoparticles, enabling high‐resolution pattern printing with low resistance. The PES substrate is highly transparent and flexible, allowing for the fabrication of various printed electronic patterns and the production of high‐performance flexible electronic devices.
Is the Cytosolic Pi Concentration a Limiting Factor for Plant Cell Respiration? (1984)

The substrate-dependent O(2) uptake by sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) cell mitochondria in the presence of ADP and limiting Pi concentrations has been measured. The Pi concentration for half-maximum O(2) uptake rate was found to be in the range 20 to 50 micromolar for all the substrates tested. (31)P NMR of intact sycamore cells indicated that the Pi concentration in the cytoplasm was in the range 5 to 6 millimolar, approximately 100-fold higher than the Pi concentration required for maximum O(2) uptake rates by isolated mitochondria. When sycamore cells were transferred to a culture medium devoid of Pi, the cytoplasmic Pi concentration decreased from 6 to less than 3 millimolar, but the intact cell respiration remained practically constant for at least 4 days. These results strongly suggest that, in vivo, the respiration rate of sycamore cells is not limited by the quantity of Pi supplied to the mitochondria.
Congenital heart defects in Noonan syndrome: Diagnosis, management, and treatment (2020)

Noonan syndrome is a pleomorphic genetic disorder, in which a high percentage of affected individuals have cardiovascular involvement, most prevalently various forms of congenital heart disease (i.e., pulmonary valve stenosis, septal defects, left-sided lesions, and complex forms with multiple anomalies). Care includes attentiveness to several comorbidities, some directly impacting cardiac management (bleeding diatheses and lymphatic anomalies). More than 50% of patients with Noonan syndrome harbor PTPN11 pathogenic variation, which results in hyperactivation of RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Several other disease genes with similar biological effects have been uncovered for NS and phenotypically related disorders, collectively called the RASopathies. Molecular diagnosis with gene resequencing panels is now widely available, but phenotype variability and in some cases, subtlety, continues to make identification of Noonan syndrome difficult. Until genetic testing becomes universal for patients with congenital heart disease, alertness to Noonan syndrome's broad clinical presentations remains crucial. Genotype-phenotype associations for Noonan syndrome enable better prognostication for affected patients when a molecular diagnosis is established. We still lack Noonan syndrome-specific treatment; however, newly developed anticancer RAS pathway inhibitors could fill that gap if safety and efficacy can be established for indications such as pulmonary valve stenosis.
On the Empirical Effect of Gaussian Noise in Under-sampled MRI\n Reconstruction (2016)

In Fourier-based medical imaging, sampling below the Nyquist rate results in\nan underdetermined system, in which linear reconstructions will exhibit\nartifacts. Another consequence of under-sampling is lower signal to noise ratio\n(SNR) due to fewer acquired measurements. Even if an oracle provided the\ninformation to perfectly disambiguate the underdetermined system, the\nreconstructed image could still have lower image quality than a corresponding\nfully sampled acquisition because of the reduced measurement time. The effects\nof lower SNR and the underdetermined system are coupled during reconstruction,\nmaking it difficult to isolate the impact of lower SNR on image quality. To\nthis end, we present an image quality prediction process that reconstructs\nfully sampled, fully determined data with noise added to simulate the loss of\nSNR induced by a given under-sampling pattern. The resulting prediction image\nempirically shows the effect of noise in under-sampled image reconstruction\nwithout any effect from an underdetermined system.\n We discuss how our image quality prediction process can simulate the\ndistribution of noise for a given under-sampling pattern, including variable\ndensity sampling that produces colored noise in the measurement data. An\ninteresting consequence of our prediction model is that we can show that\nrecovery from underdetermined non-uniform sampling is equivalent to a weighted\nleast squares optimization that accounts for heterogeneous noise levels across\nmeasurements.\n Through a series of experiments with synthetic and in vivo datasets, we\ndemonstrate the efficacy of the image quality prediction process and show that\nit provides a better estimation of reconstruction image quality than the\ncorresponding fully-sampled reference image.\n
Performance of the microINR Point-of-Care System Used by Self-Testing Patients: A Multicenter Clinical Trial (2021)

<b>Introduction</b> Anticoagulation monitoring is a major practical and clinical challenge. We assessed the performance of the microINR system in patient self-testing (PST). <b>Methods</b> This study was performed at four US medical centers. After the training visit of warfarin anticoagulated patients ( <i>n</i> = 117) on microINR system, PST was performed at home and in two visits to the medical centers. At the medical centers, both PST and healthcare professionals (HCPs) performed duplicate tests with the microINR System. A venous blood sample for the laboratory testing was also extracted. Accuracy and precision were assessed. <b>Results</b> The comparison between microINR PST results and microINR HCP results revealed an equivalence with a slope of 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00-1.00), and an intercept of 0.00 (95% CI: 0.00-0.00). When compared with the laboratory analyzer, microINR PST results also showed good correlation with a slope of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.86-1.04) and an intercept of 0.14 (95% CI: -0.09-0.34). Predicted bias values at international normalized ratio (INR) 2.0, 3.5, and 4.5 were 0% against HCP and ≤2.5% against the laboratory. Analytical agreement with both HCP and laboratory was 100% according to ISO17593 and 99.1 and 100% according to CLSI POCT14 with HCP and laboratory, respectively. Clinical agreement with HCP regarding 2.0-4.0 as INR therapeutic range was 98% (within range). The precision (coefficient of variation) of microINR system used by PST was comparable to HCP. <b>Conclusion</b> The microINR results when used by self-testing patients show satisfactory concordance to both HCP results and laboratory analyzer. The microINR system is adequate for self-testing use.
Physically-based edge labeling (2002)

The authors present a physically based approach, using polarization, to distinguish three types of image edges; limb edges, specular edges, and albedo/physical edges. Assuming general imaging conditions and smooth dielectric surfaces, a labeling scheme which enables one to distinguish among these edge types has been developed. The method is demonstrated on laboratory images.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
[Objective procedure for determining the contrast-detail-diagram in computed tomography]. (1985)

Complete information on the power of resolution of a computer tomograph is supplied by the contrast detail diagram. The authors present the development of an objective determination method. Evaluation of the images of a wire and water phantom is performed via the computer of the CT equipment. This method yields objective and reproducible results.
ISDN terminal adapter with SCSI interface (2002)

This paper describes the development of an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) terminal adapter (TA) card which conforms to CCITT Rec. I.430, I.441 and I.451. The TA card has a full function analogue port to accommodate a conventional analogue line equipment and also a SCSI based communication interface for a modern high speed microcomputer or workstation host machine. A transformerless ringing current generator using a switch mode regulator was also designed and incorporated in the analogue port to make the TA very compact. Two microcomputers equipped with the TA cards were able to communicate with each other over an ISDN connection which teleconversation between two analogue telephones connected to the same TA cards was in progress.
Physiological Characterization of a Single-Gene Mutant of <i>Pisum sativum</i> Exhibiting Excess Iron Accumulation (1990)

Root systems of mutant (E107) and parental (cv ;Sparkle') Pisum sativum genotypes were studied to determine the basis for excess Fe accumulation in E107. Plants were grown with (+Fe-treated) or without (-Fe-treated) added Fe(III)-N,N'-ethylenebis[2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)glycine] in aerated nutrient solutions. Daily measurements of Fe(III) reduction indicated a four-to seven-fold higher reduction rate in +Fe- or -Fe-treated E107, and -Fe-treated Sparkle, when compared with +Fe-treated Sparkle. An agarose-based staining technique used to localize Fe(III) reduction, revealed Fe(III) reduction over most of the length of the roots (but not at the root apices) in both E107 treatments and -Fe-treated Sparkle. In +Fe-treated Sparkle, Fe(III) reduction was either nonexistent or localized to central regions of the roots. Measurements of short-term Fe influx (with 0.1 millimolar (59)Fe(III)-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) was also enhanced (threefold) in +Fe- or -Fe-treated E107 and -Fe-treated Sparkle, relative to +Fe-treated Sparkle. The physiological characteristics of E107 root systems, which are similar to those seen in Fe-deficient Sparkle, have led us to conclude that the mutation causes E107 to act functionally as an Fe-deficient plant, and appears to explain the excess Fe accumulation in E107.
Use of n-vector for Radar Applications (2018)

This paper aims to alert the radar community about the benefits of using n-vector for representing global horizontal position. Unlike other alternatives, n-vector position calculations are simple, vectorized and exact at all global positions. We show some examples of how to solve radar specific calculations using n-vector, and stress the necessity of unambiguous notation.
A homologue of the <i>Drosophila</i> kinesin-like protein Costal2 regulates Hedgehog signal transduction in the vertebrate embryo (2005)

Orthologues of nearly all of the core components of the Hedgehog signalling pathway, defined originally through genetic analysis in Drosophila, have now been discovered in vertebrates and shown to have highly conserved functions. The one striking exception to this rule is the kinesin-like protein Costal2, which plays a central role in controlling the activity of the zinc-finger-containing transcriptional regulator, Cubitus interruptus that modulates all Hedgehog-dependent target gene expression, but whose involvement in Hedgehog signalling has not been demonstrated in vertebrates. We report the cloning of a kinesin-related gene from the zebrafish that in structure as well as function, appears to represent the first vertebrate orthologue of costal2. Using a combination of genetic and biochemical analysis, we provide evidence that as in Drosophila, zebrafish Costal2 acts principally as an intracellular repressor of signal transduction, in conjunction with Suppressor of Fused, another protein that negatively regulates signalling in Hedgehog-responsive cells.
Privacy-Aware Scheduling SaaS in High Performance Computing Environments (2016)

Hybrid clouds have gained popularity in recent times in a variety of organizations due to their ability to provide additional capacity in a public cloud, to augment private cloud capacity, when it is needed. However, scheduling distributed applications' jobs (e.g, workflow tasks) on hybrid cloud resources introduces new challenges. One key problem is the danger of exposing private data and jobs in a third-party public cloud infrastructure, for example in healthcare applications. In this article, we tackle the problem of designing workflow scheduling algorithms to meet customers' deadlines, while not compromising data and task privacy requirements. Our work is different from most studies on workflow scheduling where the main goal is to achieve a balance between desirable, yet incompatible constraints, such as meeting the deadline and/or minimizing the execution time. Although many others have addressed the trade-off between cost and time, or privacy and cost, their work still suffers from an insufficient consideration of the trade-off between privacy and time. To address such shortcomings in the literature, we present a new SaaS scheduling broker composed of MPHC-P1, MPHCP2, and MPHC-P3 policies to preserve privacy while scheduling the workflows' tasks under customers' deadlines. We evaluated our approach using real workflows running on a VMware based hybrid cloud. Results demonstrate that under our scheduling policies, MPHC-P2 and MPHC-P3 are promising in time-critical scenarios by reducing the total cost by 10-20 percent compared to alternatives. Overall, results show that our approach is efficient in reducing the cost of executing workflows while satisfying both their privacy and deadline constraints.
Differential expression of mutant and normal beta T3 receptor alleles in kindreds with generalized resistance to thyroid hormone. (1993)

Thyroid hormone resistance (THR) is primarily an autosomal dominant inherited disease characterized by resistance of pituitary and peripheral tissues to the action of thyroid hormone. We investigated whether the heterogeneous phenotypic features that occur not only among kindreds but also within the same kindred might be due to the expression of differing ratios of mutant and normal receptors in tissues. Using an allele-specific primer extension method, we determined the relative expression of normal and mutant mRNAs from the fibroblasts of affected and unaffected members of two kindreds with TRH: A-H and N-N. While two affected members of A-H, as expected, had nearly equal amounts of normal and mutant hTR beta mRNA, two other members had mutant mRNA levels that accounted for at least 70% of the hTR beta mRNA. Phenotypic variability within and between kindreds with generalized resistance to thyroid hormone GRTH may be due to this differential expression of the mutant and wild type mRNA. Furthermore, when several clinical parameters of THR were compared in several affected members from two kindreds with GRTH, we found that two cases in one kindred exhibited a high mutant-to-normal hTR beta ratio and had considerably more bone resistance during their development. In certain kindreds with THR, differing ratios of normal and mutant hTR receptors may be age and growth related and may account for the reported attenuation of phenotypic symptoms with age.
MONOLITH IMMUNO-SPOTTING MULTIPLEX IMMUNOSENSORS IN A MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE (2013)

Here we demonstrate for the first time, a novel fabrication method to integrate microarray spotting technology with in-situ fabricated highly porous polymer monoliths in a microfluidic platform as a high-thourouput multiplex biosensor. Parallel screening of low-abundance analytes from a complex fluidic sample can be realized by covalent linkage of various capture antibodies in discretely defined detection regions within a single integrated monolith by microarray spotting. The low-cost multiplex biosensor is intended for use in resource-poor settings and point-of-care diagnostic applications.
Abstract 5141: Determinants of metastatic competence in breast carcinoma: a role for immune cells (2016)

Abstract Dynamic interactions between cancer cells and their surrounding microenvironment influence tumor survival, growth and metastasis. The tumor microenvironment harbors a complex variety of cells including T lymphocytes and macrophages that produce a host of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors or interleukins, all of which presumably work in coordination to determine net tumor biology. Immune cells can offer a critical check-point in tumor progression. Interestingly however, infiltration of the tumor by immune cells appears to have dual functionality - they can reportedly either be pro-metastatic or anti-metastatic in their contribution. These clearly conflicting roles of immune cells limit our comprehension of their actual input to tumor advancement. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, in particular, the infiltration by T cells, has emerged as a good prognostic marker for a variety of cancers. However, the key molecular factors that regulate the cross-talk between tumor cells and T lymphocytes, and the underlying signaling pathways are still ill-defined. Moreover, the impact of T lymphocytes of the inflammatory tumor microenvironment, on the epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and associated metastatic traits in breast cancer cells, is incompletely understood. We previously demonstrated that two key EMT/CSC factors - FOXC2 and Twist - are critical requirements for breast carcinoma cells to metastasize. The objective of the current study is to systematically investigate the role of regulatory T cells in EMT/CSC-dictated breast tumor progression, using two isogenic breast cancer cell lines (67NR and 4T1) that form primary mammary tumors similarly, but differ drastically in their ability to metastasize. Citation Format: Robiya Joseph, Rama Soundararajan, Anurag Paranjape, Sendurai Mani. Determinants of metastatic competence in breast carcinoma: a role for immune cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 5141.