gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ge/Si Quantum Dot Formation From Non‐Uniform Cluster Fluxes (2007)

Abstract The controlled growth of ultra‐small Ge/Si quantum dot (QD) nuclei (≈1 nm) suitable for the synthesis of uniform nanopatterns with high surface coverage, is simulated using atom‐only and size non‐uniform cluster fluxes. It is found that seed nuclei of more uniform sizes are formed when clusters of non‐uniform size are deposited. This counter‐intuitive result is explained via adatom‐nanocluster interactions on Si(100) surfaces. Our results are supported by experimental data on the geometric characteristics of QD patterns synthesized by nanocluster deposition. This is followed by a description of the role of plasmas as non‐uniform cluster sources and the impact on surface dynamics. The technique challenges conventional growth modes and is promising for deterministic synthesis of nanodot arrays. magnified image
Potential Measurement Errors Due to Image Enlargement in Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging (2015)

The effect of interpolation and super-resolution (SR) algorithms on quantitative and qualitative assessments of enlarged optical coherence tomography (OCT) images was investigated in this report. Spectral-domain OCT images from 30 eyes in 30 consecutive patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) and 20 healthy eyes in 20 consecutive volunteers were analyzed. Original image (OR) resolution was reduced by a factor of four. Images were then magnified by a factor of four with and without application of one of the following algorithms: bilinear (BL), bicubic (BC), Lanczos3 (LA), and SR. Differences in peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, photoreceptor layer status, and parallelism (reflects the complexity of photoreceptor layer alterations) were analyzed in each image type. The order of PSNRs from highest to lowest was SR > LA > BC > BL > non-processed enlarged images (NONE). The PSNR was statistically different in all groups. The NONE, BC, and LA images resulted in significantly thicker RNFL measurements than the OR image. In eyes with DME, the photoreceptor layer, which was hardly identifiable in NONE images, became detectable with algorithm application. However, OCT photoreceptor parameters were still assessed as more undetectable than in OR images. Parallelism was not statistically different in OR and NONE images, but other image groups had significantly higher parallelism than OR images. Our results indicated that interpolation and SR algorithms increased OCT image resolution. However, qualitative and quantitative assessments were influenced by algorithm use. Additionally, each algorithm affected the assessments differently.
Comparing accuracy of waveguide VNA measurement calibrated by TRL calibration using different length of line standard in terahertz band (2013)

We have evaluated the measurement uncertainty for rectangular waveguide Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) measurements in the WM-250 (WR 1.0), 750 GHz - 1.1 THz frequency band. We developed a new waveguide flange design for precise connections and dimensional measurements to establish traceability to SI in VNA measurements. TRL calibration method is useful for VNA calibration in the millimeter wave frequency region, but TRL line standards become thin, fragile and then increment of the risk of breakage of line standard at connection/reconnection cycle. This is the total investigation of measurement uncertainty for VNA measurement at Terahertz band comparing between both calibrations performed by single thin line and double thick lines as TRL line standards.
Response to Comment on “Unique in the shopping mall: On the reidentifiability of credit card metadata” (2016)

Sánchez et al.'s textbook k-anonymization example does not prove, or even suggest, that location and other big-data data sets can be anonymized and of general use. The synthetic data set that they "successfully anonymize" bears no resemblance to modern high-dimensional data sets on which their methods fail. Moving forward, deidentification should not be considered a useful basis for policy.
New advances in receptor pharmacology (1991)

This review is designed to update the clinician regarding the general molecular pharmacology of receptors. We discuss receptor systems currently of interest to practicing anesthesiologists, as well as receptor systems that may become important in the future.
WebRTCbench: a benchmark for performance assessment of webRTC implementations (2015)

WebRTC is an HTML5 API that allows browsers to establish a peer-to-peer connection for transferring data and media content via JavaScript APIs. This functionality enables broad range of new applications to emerge and is going to revolutionize Web communication. However, this technology is still under development and standardization process. Hence, detecting performance bottlenecks of different implementations across operating systems and architectures can help improve it significantly, and a benchmark suite would be a great help to accomplish this task. In this paper, we present WebRTCBench, a benchmark which measures WebRTC peer connection establishment and communication performance. We present and discuss performance evaluation of WebRTC implementations across a range of implementations and devices. This benchmark is publicly available under GPL license.
Limiting performance analysis of biomechanical systems for optimal injury control – Part 2: Applications (2005)

Abstract Applications of the limiting performance analysis of biomechanical systems for optimal injury control are presented. A brief review of applications based on lumped-parameter injury models is given, which includes the problems of helmets with head injuries, seat belts with thoracic injuries, helicopter seat cushions with spinal injuries, toepan padding with lower limb injuries, and child seat sled test corridors with best and worst responses. Then, the problem of ejection seat cushions for the optimal control of spinal injuries is investigated. A rigid multi-body model is developed to describe the biodynamics of the entire system including the occupant. Peak lumbar load in the vertical direction is used as the safety performance index for ejection seat cushions and is minimized. Parametric optimization is performed on a particular cushion to find its optimal performance. Keywords: Biomechanical systemsejection seat cushionsinjury prevention and reductionoptimizationrigid multi-body modeling
Perceived stigma among patients receiving antiretroviral treatment: A prospective randomised trial comparing an m-DOT strategy with standard-of- care in Kenya (2010)

HIV and AIDS remain highly stigmatised. Modified directly observed therapy (m-DOT) supports antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence but little is known about its association with perceived stigma in resource-constrained settings. In 2003, 234 HIV-infected adults enrolled in a two-arm randomised trial comparing a health centre-based m-DOT strategy with standard self-administration of ART. Data on perceived stigma were collected using Berger's HIV stigma scale prior to starting ART and after 12 months. This was a secondary analysis to examine whether perceived stigma was related to treatment delivery. Perceived stigma scores declined after 12 months of treatment from a mean of 44.9 (sd=7.6) to a mean of 41.4 (sd=7.7), (t=6.14, P<0.001). No differences were found between the mean scores of participants in both study arms. Also, no difference in scores was detected using GLM, controlling for socio-demographic characteristics and baseline scores. Findings indicate that a well managed clinic-based m-DOT does not increase perceived HIV-related stigma.
Data management for all: the Institutional Data Management Blueprint Project (2010)

In the 10th anniversary year of the Open Archiving Initiative it is necessary to elevate research data to be a first-class citizen in the world of open scholarly communication. Such a profound goal requires far more than technical capability, but encompasses significant change for all stakeholders. Data curation and data management is often seen as an additional task for researchers. In this paper we describe how we are attempting to make it a seamless part of a researcher's daily workflow across a wide range of disciplines as a cornerstone of research practice. This paper describes the Institutional Data Management Blueprint (IDMB) project, which aims to create a practical and attainable institutional framework for managing research data throughout its lifecycle that facilitates ambitious national and international e-research practice. The objective is to produce a framework for managing research data across the whole lifecycle that encompasses a whole institution (exemplified by the University of Southampton) and based on an analysis of current data management requirements for a representative group of disciplines with a range of different data.<br/>Note: This paper is a summary of the IDMB Initial Findings report, which is available at www.southamptondata.org
A nanophotonic 4/spl times/4 wavelength router in silicon-on-insulator (2006)

We demonstrate a 400/spl times/150 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ silicon-on-insulator 4/spl times/4 arrayed waveguide grating with 3.5 dB insertion loss, fabricated with CMOS technology. The device was pigtailed and used as a wavelength router in a 10 Gb/s reconfigurable optical backplane interconnect.
Food Credence Attributes: A Conceptual Framework of Supply Chain Stakeholders, Their Motives, and Mechanisms to Address Information Asymmetry (2023)

Food credence attributes (e.g., food safety, organic, and carbon neutral production methods) are quality characteristics of products that cannot be assessed by buyers at the point of sale without additional information (e.g., certification labels). Hence, the ability to access credence attributes of a particular product can result in a situation termed as asymmetric distributed information among supply chain stakeholders (e.g., producers, processors, wholesalers, retailers, consumer) where one party of a market transaction is in possession of more information about a product than the other party. This situation can lead to potential inefficiencies, e.g., misinformation, risk of food borne illness, or opportunistic behavior such as fraud. The present study sought to develop a conceptual framework that describes a) the motivation for key stakeholders to participate in the market for food credence attributes, b) the type of food credence attributes that key stakeholders provide, and c) current mechanisms to address the issue of information asymmetry among the stakeholders in the food system. The study was conducted using an integrative literature review. The developed framework consists of two components: a) the food supply chain and b) the attribute assurance system among which multiple links exist. The findings suggest that retailers, processors, NGOs, and government authorities are influential stakeholders within the supply chain of food credence attributes by imposing food quality standards which can address information asymmetry among food actors. While the credence attribute assurance system (e.g., food standards, third party food attribute assurance providers) can potentially address the issue of asymmetric information among market stakeholders, a range of issues remain. These include food standards as a potential market entry barrier for food producers and distributors, limited food standard harmonization, and communication challenges of food attribute assurance (e.g., consumers' signal processing, signal use and trust). The syntheses presented in this study contributes to stakeholders' (e.g., supply chain actors, scientists, policy makers) improved understanding about the components of the credence food system and their integration as well as the drivers for change in this system.
The Exploration for a Deep Aquifer in the Hadhramaut, Yemen (1996)

PreviousNext No AccessSymposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 1996The Exploration for a Deep Aquifer in the Hadhramaut, YemenAuthors: Paul BaumanJanan SallomyLucien LynessTom ParkerJohn WatsonSteve RossMike LockhardPaul BaumanKomex International Ltd., Suite 100, 4500‐16th Avenue N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T3B 0M6, Janan Sallomy, Lucien Lyness, Tom Parker, John Watson, Steve Ross, and Mike Lockhardhttps://doi.org/10.4133/1.2922292 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Abstract Introductory paragraph for this paper is available only in the PDF and GZipped PS filesPermalink: https://doi.org/10.4133/1.2922292FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 1996ISSN (online):1554-8015Copyright: 1996 Pages: 1303 publication data© 1996 Copyright © 1996 The Environmental and Engineering Geophysical SocietyPublisher:Environmental & Engineering Geophysical Society HistoryPublished: 30 Sep 2008 CITATION INFORMATION Paul Bauman, Janan Sallomy, Lucien Lyness, Tom Parker, John Watson, Steve Ross, and Mike Lockhard, (1996), "The Exploration for a Deep Aquifer in the Hadhramaut, Yemen," Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems Proceedings : 363-366. https://doi.org/10.4133/1.2922292 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Cobalt-57 bleomycin for imaging head and neck tumors (1979)

Cobalt-57 bleomycin imaging was performed in 11 patients with a history of head and neck cancer. Clinical and scan findings concurred on the presence and extent of tumor in 9 patients (82%); tumor was present in 7 and absent in 2 of the 9. In 2 patients (18%) the scan demonstrated tumor in the neck but failed to show metastatic sites. Cobalt-57 bleomycin images were of good technical quality, with remarkably low background activity at 24 hours after administration. Cobalt-57 bleomycin imaging appears to be a promising technique for evaluating patients with head and neck tumors.
Diagenesis of Marine Sands to Tight Gas Sands: Effects on Acoustic and Hydraulic Properties: ABSTRACT (1981)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
LS-DPOP: A Propagation/Local Search Hybrid for Distributed Optimization (2005)

Abstract. We present a new hybrid algorithm for local search in distributed combinatorial optimization. This method is a mix between classical local search methods in which nodes take decisions based only on local information, and full inference methods that guarantee completeness. In general, classical inference methods are time and space exponential in a parameter of the constraint graph called the induced width, thus they may be infeasible for dense problems. On the other hand, local search methods suffer from the fact that the nodes take myopic decisions based only on local information available to them, and thus can easily get stuck in local optima. Their advantage is that they require linear memory, and in many cases provide good solutions with a small amount of effort. We propose a hybrid method that combines the advantages of both these approaches. This method is a utility propagation algorithm controlled by a parameter maxDim which specifies the maximal allowable amount of inference. The maximal space requirements are exponential in this parameter. In the dense parts of the problem, where the required amount of inference exceeds this limit, the algorithm executes a local search procedure guided by as much inference as allowed by maxDim. This hybrid can be seen as a large neighborhood search, where exponential neighborhoods are rigorously determined according to problem structure, and polynomial efforts are spent for their complete exploration at each local search step. The algorithm explores independent parts of the problem simultaneously and asynchronously, and then combines the results, all in a distributed fashion. We show the efficiency of this approach with experimental results from the distributed meeting scheduling domain. Keywords:distributed combinatorial optimization, local search, inference methods 1
Lithium-ion battery degradation: how to model it (2022)

Predicting lithium-ion battery degradation is worth billions to the global automotive, aviation and energy storage industries, to improve performance and safety and reduce warranty liabilities. However, very few published models of battery degradation explicitly consider the interactions between more than two degradation mechanisms, and none do so within a single electrode. In this paper, the first published attempt to directly couple more than two degradation mechanisms in the negative electrode is reported. The results are used to map different pathways through the complicated path dependent and non-linear degradation space. Four degradation mechanisms are coupled in PyBaMM, an open source modelling environment uniquely developed to allow new physics to be implemented and explored quickly and easily. Crucially it is possible to see 'inside the model and observe the consequences of the different patterns of degradation, such as loss of lithium inventory and loss of active material. For the same cell, five different pathways that can result in end-of-life have already been found, depending on how the cell is used. Such information would enable a product designer to either extend life or predict life based upon the usage pattern. However, parameterization of the degradation models remains as a major challenge, and requires the attention of the international battery community.
Medication dependence and anxiety (2003)

Anxiety disorders are common and costly psychiatric illnesses. Pharmacological treatment was enhanced with the introduction of benzodiazepines, which proved safer and more effective than older drugs. The risk of dependence, however, has made clinicians reluctant to use these medications. In fact, few patients appear to develop significant difficulties with these drugs, given how widely they are used. Careful planning for discontinuation of therapy is important. In addition, for some individuals, there appears to be a complex and as yet unelucidaied relationship between dependence on drugs or alcohol and anxiety. The newer antidepressants offer efficacy without abuse or dependence liability, but are expensive and have side effects that are intolerable for some patients. Pharmacological therapy for anxiety should be prescribed and managed so as to minimize any existing risk, while aiming to restore the patient to wellness in terms of symptoms and function.
TAOK3 , a novel genome-wide association study locus associated with morphine requirement and postoperative pain in a retrospective pediatric day surgery population (2014)

Candidate gene studies have revealed limited genetic bases for opioid analgesic response variability. Genome-wide association studies facilitate impartial queries of common genetic variants, allowing identification of novel genetic contributions to drug effect. Illumina (Illumina Inc, San Diego, CA, USA) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays were used to investigate SNP associations with total morphine requirement as a quantitative trait locus and with postoperative pain in a retrospective population of opioid-naïve children ages 4-18years who had undergone day surgery tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. In an independent replication cohort, significant genome-wide association studies-identified SNPs were assayed using TaqMan probes. Among 617 comprehensively phenotyped children, the 277 subjects of European Caucasian (EC) ancestry demonstrated nominal association between morphine dose and a series of novel SNPs (top rs795484, P=1.01 × 10(-6) and rs1277441, P=2.77 × 10(-6)) at the TAOK3 locus. Age, body mass index, and physical status were included covariates. Morphine requirement averaged 132.4 μg/kg (SD 40.9). Each minor allele at rs795484 (guanine [G]>adenine [A]) contributed +17.6 μg/kg (95% confidence interval [CI] 10.7-24.4) to dose. Effect direction and magnitude were replicated in an independent cohort of 75 EC children (P<0.05). No association with morphine dose was detected in African Americans (AA) (n=241). Postoperative pain scores ≥ 7/10 were associated with rs795484 (G>A) in the EC cohort (odds ratio 2.35, 95% CI 1.56-3.52, P<0.00005) and this association replicated in AA children (odds ratio 1.76, 95% CI 1.14-2.71, P<0.01). Variants in TAOK3 encoding the serine/threonine-protein kinase, TAO3, are associated with increased morphine requirement in children of EC ancestry and with increased acute postoperative pain in both EC and AA subjects.
Functionalization of high‐density polyethylene in the molten state by glycidyl methacrylate grafting (2001)

Abstract :This study concerns the melt‐free radical grafting of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto high‐density polyethylene (HDPE). We studied the effect of two initiators ( tert ‐butyl cumyl peroxide and di‐ tert ‐butyl peroxide) onto HDPE. Crosslinking of polymer was observed in the presence of 0.3 wt % tert ‐butyl cumyl peroxide but not with 0.3 wt % di‐ tert ‐butyl peroxide. The grafting was carried out in a Brabender batch mixer at 190 °C. The grafting yield of GMA onto HDPE (determined by infrared spectrometry) is weak (&lt;1 wt % for an initial concentration in monomer of 6 wt %). Moreover, it was noted that the degree of grafting did not vary with the concentration and the nature of peroxide used. To increase the grafting yield of GMA, we added to the HDPE/peroxide/GMA system an electron‐donating monomer, such as styrene. Adding this comonomer multiplied the rate of grafted GMA 3‐ or 4‐fold, resulting in a ratio [styrene] i /[GMA] i = 1 mol/mol with [GMA] i = 6 wt %. So, the copolymerization is favored compared with the homopolymerization. This kind of copolymer presenting reactive functions is very attractive in the field of compatibilizing immiscible polymers. © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 81: 581–590, 2001
A signature based password authentication method (2002)

To prevent illegal access to a computer and its resources, most systems in the market use a password as the only means to ensure the user's identity. Although there are many password mechanisms proposed, most of them suffer from serious pitfalls associated with the tradeoff between memorizability and security. We propose an additional level of security to the current password mechanism by incorporating an online signature authentication method. The major advantages of the new method are that dynamic information of signing a signature is hidden from other users and the comparison process is made very efficient through the signature discretization process.
Blind signatures for Bitcoin transactions (2014)

Blind signatures allow maintaining privacy while using third-party services such as digital cash server. Existing proposals of blind signatures for ECC lack compatibility with standard ECDSA and thus cannot be used directly in Bitcoin transactions. We propose a scheme that allows generating a blind signature compatible with the existing Bitcoin protocol. The client requests a set of parameters from the signing server and synthesizes a public key to use in a Bitcoin transaction. To redeem the funds, the client transforms the hash of the transaction (blinds), sends to the server to sign and then transforms the signature (unblinds) to arrive at a valid ECDSA signature. The signed transaction is published revealing the synthetic public key and the unblinded signature. Signing server cannot learn about its participation neither from the public key nor from the signature.