gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Maximizing Quality of Coverage under Connectivity Constraints in Solar-Powered Active Wireless Sensor Networks (2014)

Energy harvesting is a promising solution for reducing network maintenance and the overhead of replacing chemical batteries in sensor networks. In this article, problems related to controlling an active wireless sensor network comprised of nodes powered by both rechargeable batteries and solar energy are investigated. The objective of this control is to maximize the network's Quality of Coverage (QoC), defined as the minimum number of targets that can be covered by the network over a 24-hour period. Assuming a time-varying solar profile, the underlying problem is to optimally control the sensing range of each sensor so as to maximize the QoC. The problem is further constrained by requiring all active sensors to report any sensed data to a centralized base station, making connectivity a key factor in sensor management. Implicit in the solution is the allocation of solar energy during the day to sensing tasks and recharging of the battery so that a minimum coverage is guaranteed at all times. The problem turns out to be a nonlinear optimal control problem of high complexity. By exploiting the particular structure of the problem, we present a novel method for determining near-optimal sensing radii and routing paths as a series of quasiconvex (unimodal) optimization problems. The runtime of the proposed solution is 60X less than the standard optimal control method based on dynamic programming, while the worst-case error is less than 8%. The proposed method is scalable to large networks consisting of hundreds of sensors and targets. Several insights in the design of energy-harvesting networks are provided.
Abstract 12806: Attributable Mortality Benefit of Digoxin Treatment in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome After the Norwood Operation (2022)

Introduction: Observational studies have demonstrated an association between digoxin treatment and lower interstage mortality after Norwood operation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), but the attributable mortality benefit has not been measureable without a clinical trial. Application of an instrumental variable can overcome confounding by indication and unmeasured confounding through pseudo-randomization. Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study of neonates with HLHS born 1/1/2007-12/31/2021, undergoing a Norwood operation at Pediatric Health Information Systems Database hospitals, and surviving &gt;14 days post-operatively was performed evaluating the association of digoxin and 1-year transplant-free survival. Traditional multivariable logistic regression models were supplemented with instrumental variable analyses using hospital-specific 60-day likelihood of administering digoxin. Results: The study population included 5,148 subjects treated at 47 hospitals (63% male, 46% non-Hispanic white); 44% (n=2,184) received digoxin. Receipt of digoxin was associated with superior 1-year transplant-free survival in unadjusted analyses (85% vs. 82%, p=0.02). This persisted after adjustment for measurable confounders (OR: 0.66, p&lt;0.001) and in an instrumental variable analysis (OR: 0.71, p=0.01, Figure). Conclusions: This observational study of patients with HLHS after Norwood used instrumental variable techniques to demonstrate a significant benefit in one-year transplant-free survival attributable to digoxin. In the absence of clinical trial data, this should encourage the use of digoxin in this vulnerable population..
The T-cell population in lesions of polyneuritis equi (2008)

peer reviewed
Orders of Magnitude Improvement in Coherence of Silicon-Vacancy Ensembles in Isotopically Purified <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">H</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math>-<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"><mml:mi>SiC</mml:mi></mml:math> (2022)

For solid-state spin systems, unwanted interactions with surrounding spin baths and inhomogeneity are ubiquitous challenges. In defect spin systems, part of this challenge is that the process of generating the desired defect often involves creating numerous unwanted defects that induce dephasing. Here we show that many of these issues can be alleviated with the silicon vacancy in silicon carbide (SiC), which is a simple defect to produce as it does not require the introduction of impurity atoms into the crystal. Previous measurements of the inhomogeneous dephasing time T * 2 of silicon-vacancy ensembles have thus far been limited to a few 100 ns due to the nuclear spin bath. We perform isotopic purification to minimize the influence of nuclear spins, leading to an order of magnitude improvement in the T * 2 at room temperature. Further improvements emerge by suppressing the effects of strain inhomogeneity via an informed choice of basis in the spin quartet. Combining these techniques leads to about a factor 50 improvement in the T * 2 of the defect ensemble even at high defect densities.
Diverse activities of viral<i>cis-</i>acting RNA regulatory elements revealed using multicolor, long-term, single-cell imaging (2016)

Cis-acting RNA structural elements govern crucial aspects of viral gene expression. How these structures and other posttranscriptional signals affect RNA trafficking and translation in the context of single cells is poorly understood. Herein we describe a multicolor, long-term (>24 h) imaging strategy for measuring integrated aspects of viral RNA regulatory control in individual cells. We apply this strategy to demonstrate differential mRNA trafficking behaviors governed by RNA elements derived from three retroviruses (HIV-1, murine leukemia virus, and Mason-Pfizer monkey virus), two hepadnaviruses (hepatitis B virus and woodchuck hepatitis virus), and an intron-retaining transcript encoded by the cellular NXF1 gene. Striking behaviors include "burst" RNA nuclear export dynamics regulated by HIV-1's Rev response element and the viral Rev protein; transient aggregations of RNAs into discrete foci at or near the nuclear membrane triggered by multiple elements; and a novel, pulsiform RNA export activity regulated by the hepadnaviral posttranscriptional regulatory element. We incorporate single-cell tracking and a data-mining algorithm into our approach to obtain RNA element-specific, high-resolution gene expression signatures. Together these imaging assays constitute a tractable, systems-based platform for studying otherwise difficult to access spatiotemporal features of viral and cellular gene regulation.
Synthesis of a biocompatible benzophenone-substituted chitosan hydrogel as novel coating for PEEK with extraordinary strong antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties (2022)

Chitosan derivatives substituted with benzophenone groups that can be cross-linked by ultraviolet light were synthesized as coatings for PEEK substrates used in the construction of lumbar cages. The IC90 values of the benzophenone-modified chitosan polymers in solution before crosslinking were in the same range as those reported for native chitosan. The resulting hydrogel surface after crosslinking exhibited excellent antimicrobial properties and was highly effective (up to 5 log-fold) against clinically relevant strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and E. coli. As a result, the coated surface also significantly reduced biofilm formation. The coatings show good biocompatibility with numerous cell lines as well as low levels of cytotoxicity (ISO 10993–5) and pyrogenicity (ISO 10993–11). The coatings also exhibited strong antioxidant properties toward formed hydroxyl radicals in an in-vitro Fenton reaction. Overall, substitution of chitosan with benzophenone residues is an interesting and important approach to the functionalization of materials used for medical implants that are prone to microbial contamination and mechanical failure. Biocompatible antimicrobial coatings might also be employed in photopatterning methods used in the design of medical devices.
Constructing Topological Maps using Markov Random Fields and Loop-Closure Detection (2009)

We present a system which constructs a topological map of an environment given a sequence of images. This system includes a novel image similarity score which uses dynamic programming to match images using both the appearance and relative positions of local features simultaneously. Additionally, an MRF is constructed to model the probability of loop-closures. A locally optimal labeling is found using Loopy-BP. Finally we outline a method to generate a topological map from loop closure data. Results, presented on four urban sequences and one indoor sequence, outperform the state of the art. 1
Evaluation of a Model for Predicting the Tidal Velocity in Fjord Entrances (2013)

Sufficiently accurate and low-cost estimation of tidal velocities is of importance when evaluating a potential site for a tidal energy farm. Here we suggest and evaluate a model to calculate the tidal velocity in fjord entrances. The model is compared with tidal velocities from Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) measurements in the tidal channel Skarpsundet in Norway. The calculated velocity value from the model corresponded well with the measured cross-sectional average velocity, but was shown to underestimate the velocity in the centre of the channel. The effect of this was quantified by calculating the kinetic energy of the flow for a 14-day period. A numerical simulation using TELEMAC-2D was performed and validated with ADCP measurements. Velocity data from the simulation was used as input for calculating the kinetic energy at various locations in the channel. It was concluded that the model presented here is not accurate enough for assessing the tidal energy resource. However, the simplicity of the model was considered promising in the use of finding sites where further analyses can be made.
Design of an on-board beam generation process for the forward link of a multi-beam broadband satellite system (2013)

Next generation high throughput satellite systems are expected to rely on the deployment of a high number of beams in the coverage area. To this end, the payload is equipped with an array fed reflector antenna whose elements/feeds are more than the number of users. Under this context, as the number of beam increases the ground and space units must employ an extensive communication effort on the feeder link (i.e. the link between gateway and satellite) to exchange all of the feed signals yet maintaining a low processing responsibility to the payload. Since the feeder link spectral resources are scarce, it is desirable to use an on-board beam generation process which leads to a significant feeder link bandwidth reduction. In this context, a space/ground processing (i.e. both the gateway and the satellite digitally process the transmitted/received data) must be employed. This implies to implement an on-board beam generation process and, when a full frequency pattern among beams is used, on-ground linear processing techniques are required in order to reduce inter user/beam interference. In this paper, we restrict ourselves to design an on-board beam generation process in the forward link of a space/ground architecture satellite system. Moreover, we focus on linear minimum mean square error precoding strategy at a ingle gateway architecture. In addition, in order to more reduce payload complexity the beam generation process is assumed to be non channel adaptive (fixed) even if the user link (i.e. the link between satellite and users) channel appears as a random variable. This is done by means of considering robust optimization approach. Then, our design is evaluated both analytically and numerically, and it outperforms the current beam generation process. The provided simulation results quantify the performance gain obtained by our method.
Abstract P543: Duration of Ischemia is Associated With Outcome After Endovascular Reperfusion Independent of Infarct Size (2021)

Introduction: Despite advanced imaging and rapid recanalization, the majority of patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) acute ischemic stroke (AIS) do not achieve functional independence at 90 days. Here, we explore the hypothesis that prolonged ischemia worsens clinical outcome beyond changes reflected in final infarct size, particularly in elderly patients. Methods: From the prospective, multicenter COMPLETE (Penumbra, Inc) registry, patients were included if they underwent endovascular therapy (EVT) for anterior circulation LVO, achieved TICI 2b/3 reperfusion, and EVT began within 90 minutes of imaging. Final infarct volumes (FIV) were measured on 24-48h post-EVT scans using ASPECTS. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the effect of stroke onset to hospital arrival time (OTA) on likelihood of functional independence (mRS 0-2) at 90 days, adjusting for age, NIHSS, occlusion location, pre-morbid mRS and final infarct. The effect of OTA on outcome was evaluated in older vs. younger patients using propensity score matching. Data are presented as median [IQR] or OR [95% CI]. Results: Among 302 patients, median age was 71 [61-79], NIHSS was 15 [10-20], 56% were female, median OTA was 154 [75-320]. Median FIV ASPECTS was 7 [6-8]. In multivariable analysis adjusting for FIV, longer OTA was associated with decreased likelihood of functional independence (OR 0.74 [0.57-0.96]). FIV-independent worsening with prolonged OTA was more pronounced with advanced age (Figure). Using propensity score matching, elderly patients (age &gt; 70) matched by age, NIHSS, occlusion location and FIV were less likely to have functional independence with prolonged OTA (Coef -0.2, p&lt;0.01), but not younger patients (age ≤ 70, Coef -0.1, p=0.3). Conclusions: In patients with LVO AIS who achieve successful reperfusion, delays in EVT reduce the likelihood of good clinical outcomes independent of FIV. This effect is more pronounced with advanced age.
DNA-dependent adenosine triphosphatase (helicaselike transcription factor) activates β-globin transcription in K562 cells (2002)

Correct developmental regulation of beta-like globin gene expression is achieved by preferential transcription of a gene at a given developmental stage, silencing of other beta-like gene promoters, and competition among these promoters for interaction with the locus control region (LCR). Several evolutionarily conserved DNA elements in the promoters of the beta-like genes and LCR have been studied in detail, and the role of their binding factors has been investigated. However, the beta-globin promoter includes additional evolutionarily conserved sequences of unknown function. The present study examined the properties of a 21-base pair (bp) promoter-conserved sequence (PCS) located at positions -115 to -136 bp relative to the transcription start site of the beta-globin gene. A helicaselike transcription factor (HLTF) belonging to the SWI2/SNF2 family of proteins binds to the PCS and a partly homologous sequence in the enhancer region of the LCR hypersensitive site 2 (HS2). Elevation of the level of HLTF in K562 erythroleukemic cells increases beta-promoter activity in transient transfection experiments, and mutations in the PCS that remove HLTF-binding regions abolish this effect, suggesting that HLTF is an activator of beta-globin transcription. Overexpression of HLTF in K562 cells does not affect the endogenous levels of gamma- and epsilon-globin message, but it markedly activates beta-globin transcription. In conclusion, this study reports a transcription factor belonging to the SWI2/SNF2 family, which preferentially activates chromosomal beta-globin gene transcription and which has not previously been implicated in globin gene regulation.
Evaluation of HfLaO<sub>x</sub> as Blocking Layer for Innovative Nonvolatile Memory Applications (2010)

In this paper, a study of a La-based high-k oxide to be employed as blocking oxide in future non-volatile scaled memory devices is presented. Hf1-xLaxOy deposited by atomic layer deposition is considered. In order to allow the integration of this material, its chemical interaction with an Al2O3 cap layer has been studied. Moreover, the electrical characteristics have been evaluated after integration in capacitor structures. The rare earth-based ternary oxide presents promising characteristics to be a good candidate as active dielectric for non volatile memory devices.
Continued Colonization of the Human Genome by Mitochondrial DNA (2004)

Integration of mitochondrial DNA fragments into nuclear chromosomes (giving rise to nuclear DNA sequences of mitochondrial origin, or NUMTs) is an ongoing process that shapes nuclear genomes. In yeast this process depends on double-strand-break repair. Since NUMTs lack amplification and specific integration mechanisms, they represent the prototype of exogenous insertions in the nucleus. From sequence analysis of the genome of Homo sapiens, followed by sampling humans from different ethnic backgrounds, and chimpanzees, we have identified 27 NUMTs that are specific to humans and must have colonized human chromosomes in the last 4-6 million years. Thus, we measured the fixation rate of NUMTs in the human genome. Six such NUMTs show insertion polymorphism and provide a useful set of DNA markers for human population genetics. We also found that during recent human evolution, Chromosomes 18 and Y have been more susceptible to colonization by NUMTs. Surprisingly, 23 out of 27 human-specific NUMTs are inserted in known or predicted genes, mainly in introns. Some individuals carry a NUMT insertion in a tumor-suppressor gene and in a putative angiogenesis inhibitor. Therefore in humans, but not in yeast, NUMT integrations preferentially target coding or regulatory sequences. This is indeed the case for novel insertions associated with human diseases and those driven by environmental insults. We thus propose a mutagenic phenomenon that may be responsible for a variety of genetic diseases in humans and suggest that genetic or environmental factors that increase the frequency of chromosome breaks provide the impetus for the continued colonization of the human genome by mitochondrial DNA.
Michael Addition of Amines and Thiols to Dehydroalanine Amides:  A Remarkable Rate Acceleration in Water (2003)

In water, the rate of Michael addition of amines and thiols to dehydroalanine amides was greatly accelerated, leading to shorter reaction times and higher yields. The scope of the new conditions was tested with a range of amines, thiols, and dehydroalanine amides. The ease and efficiency of this method provides an attractive route to the synthesis of natural and unnatural amino acid derivatives.
Cross-linked porous polyurethane materials featuring dodecaborate clusters as inorganic polyol equivalents (2019)

We report the discovery that a perhydroxylated dodecaborate cluster ([B12(OH)12]2-) can act as an inorganic polyol, serving as a molecular cross-linker in the synthesis of polyurethane-based materials. We further demonstrate how the inherent robustness of the utilized boron cluster can effectively enhance the thermal stability of the produced polyurethane materials incorporating [B12(OH)12]2- building blocks compared to analogous polymers made from carbon-based polyols. Ultimately, this approach provides a potential route to tune the chemical and physical properties of soft materials through incorporation of polyhedral boron-rich clusters into the polymer network.
Ultrahigh quantum efficiency photodetector and ultrafast reversible surface wettability transition of square In2O3 nanowires (2017)

Due to a large surface-to-volume ratio, the optoelectronic performance of lowdimensional semiconductor nanostructure-based photodetectors depends in principle on chemisorption/photodesorption at the exposed surface, but practical examples that show such an effect are still unavailable. Some theoretical calculations have predicted that the {001} facets of In2O3 can effectively accumulate photogenerated holes under irradiation, providing a model material to examine whether the facet cutting of nanowires (NWs) can boost their optoelectronic performance. Herein, we present the design and construction of a novel nanowire-based photodetector using square In2O3 NWs with four exposed {001} crystal facets. The photodetector delivers excellent optoelectronic performance with excellent repeatability, fast response speed, high spectral responsivity (R λ), and high external quantum efficiency (EQE). The R λ and EQE values are as high as 4.8 × 106 A/W and 1.46 × 109%, respectively, which are larger than those of other popular semiconductor photodetectors. In addition, the square In2O3 NWs show hydrophobic wettability as manifested by a contact angle of 118° and a fast photoinduced reversible switching behavior is observed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Novel Tricyclic 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,10b‐Octahydro‐1,10‐phenanthroline Ring System and CXCR4 Antagonists with Potent Activity Against HIV‐1. (2010)

Abstract Stereorandom and diastereoselective syntheses of novel title ring system are described.
<i>Bartonella</i>Species in Blood of Immunocompetent Persons with Animal and Arthropod Contact (2007)

Using PCR in conjunction with pre-enrichment culture, we detected Bartonella henselae and B. vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii in the blood of 14 immunocompetent persons who had frequent animal contact and arthropod exposure.
Inhibition of<i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>adhesion to Caco-2 cell cultures by<i>Lactobacillus</i>strain GG spent culture supernate: only a pH effect? (1997)

The effect of Lactobacillus GG and its spent culture supernate on the adhesion of Salmonella typhimurium to Caco-2 cells was investigated. Lactobacillus GG cells which had adhered to Caco-2 monolayers prior to the addition of S. typhimurium did not inhibit the adhesion. Adhesion of S. typhimurium was reduced in the presence of spent culture supernate from MRS broth cultures (spent culture supernate I). Similar inhibition was observed with acidified fresh MRS. The viability experiments with Caco-2 cells indicated that the inhibition was presumably due to the death of cells under acidic conditions. Adhesion of S. typhimurium was reduced by pre-treating the bacteria with spent culture supernate I or with acidified MRS and whey broth prior to adhesion to Caco-2 monolayers. Pre-treatment with spent culture supernate II (from whey broth cultures) did not influence the adhesion. No inhibition was detected at neutral pH values. Therefore, the observed inhibition of S. typhimurium adhesion to Caco-2 monolayers with spent culture supernate I was most likely a pH effect.
Multi-modal AsynDGAN: Learn From Distributed Medical Image Data without Sharing Private Information (2020)

As deep learning technologies advance, increasingly more data is necessary to generate general and robust models for various tasks. In the medical domain, however, large-scale and multi-parties data training and analyses are infeasible due to the privacy and data security concerns. In this paper, we propose an extendable and elastic learning framework to preserve privacy and security while enabling collaborative learning with efficient communication. The proposed framework is named distributed Asynchronized Discriminator Generative Adversarial Networks (AsynDGAN), which consists of a centralized generator and multiple distributed discriminators. The advantages of our proposed framework are five-fold: 1) the central generator could learn the real data distribution from multiple datasets implicitly without sharing the image data; 2) the framework is applicable for single-modality or multi-modality data; 3) the learned generator can be used to synthesize samples for down-stream learning tasks to achieve close-to-real performance as using actual samples collected from multiple data centers; 4) the synthetic samples can also be used to augment data or complete missing modalities for one single data center; 5) the learning process is more efficient and requires lower bandwidth than other distributed deep learning methods.