gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Masked Strain of Tobacco Mosaic Virus: Identification of the Region Responsible for Symptom Attenuation by Analysis of an Infectious cDNA Clone (1990)

A strain of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) that produces mild (attenuated) symptoms on tobacco plants has been molecularly cloned to identify the region of the genome responsible for symptom attenuation. A full-length cDNA clone whose transcripts produce the parental disease phenotype on both systemic and hypersensitive host plants has been constructed. This infectious clone was sequenced, and 55 base changes relative to the published sequence of common TMV (strain U1) were identified. These changes resulted in 12 amino acid alterations in the open reading frames encoding the 126/183-kDa and 30-kDa movement proteins; two of these changes were determined not to be responsible for the attenuated phenotype. Exchange of restriction fragments between the infectious mild strain cDNA and an infectious U1 strain cDNA indicated that the determinants involved in symptom attenuation reside in the open reading frame encoding the 126/183-kDa proteins of TMV; these proteins are involved in viral replication.
A Leech Capable of Surviving Exposure to Extremely Low Temperatures (2014)

It is widely considered that most organisms cannot survive prolonged exposure to temperatures below 0°C, primarily because of the damage caused by the water in cells as it freezes. However, some organisms are capable of surviving extreme variations in environmental conditions. In the case of temperature, the ability to survive subzero temperatures is referred to as cryobiosis. We show that the ozobranchid leech, Ozobranchus jantseanus, a parasite of freshwater turtles, has a surprisingly high tolerance to freezing and thawing. This finding is particularly interesting because the leach can survive these temperatures without any acclimation period or pretreatment. Specifically, the leech survived exposure to super-low temperatures by storage in liquid nitrogen (-196°C) for 24 hours, as well as long-term storage at temperatures as low as -90°C for up to 32 months. The leech was also capable of enduring repeated freeze-thaw cycles in the temperature range 20°C to -100°C and then back to 20°C. The results demonstrated that the novel cryotolerance mechanisms employed by O. jantseanus enable the leech to withstand a wider range of temperatures than those reported previously for cryobiotic organisms. We anticipate that the mechanism for the observed tolerance to freezing and thawing in O. jantseanus will prove useful for future studies of cryopreservation.
Abstract 9783: Predictors of Survival in Patients Undergoing Trans-Catheter Aortic Valve Closure for Significant Left Ventricular Assist Device Associated Aortic Insufficiency (2014)

Introduction: Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have been shown to increase survival and quality of life in patients with end-stage congestive heart failure. However, severe aortic insufficiency (AI) can develop in up to 50% of patients with LVADs at 12 months resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Trans-catheter treatment of LVAD associated AI has emerged as a potential alternative to surgical treatment, but long term clinical benefits are yet to be determined. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing trans-catheter aortic valve closure using an Amplatzer Multi-Fenestrated Septal Occluder “Cribiform” device (AGA Medical, Plymouth, Minnesota) at our institution between September 2011 and September 2013 to assess potential clinical and procedural factors associated with survival. Unpaired student’s t-tests were used to compare baseline patient demographics and procedural characteristics, as well as patient outcomes immediately post procedure and at 6 months. A p-value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 8 patients (75% male, median age 59 years) were included in this analysis. Technical success of the procedure including total cessation of AI without evidence of coronary compromise was accomplished in 100% of patients with a 6 month survival rate of 38% (3/8). Predictors of survival include the absence of significant co-morbidities such as chronic renal insufficiency, smaller occlusion device placement, and the absence of right heart failure (Table 1). Conclusions: Trans-catheter aortic valve closure successfully treats late severe AI in LVAD patients, however, the presence or development of right heart failure portends a worse prognosis. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential right ventricular failure in patients undergoing trans-catheter aortic valve closure.
Infection or Malignancy? Malignant Pulmonary Mass Mimicking Pneumonia (2016)

A 36-year-old woman, unresponsive to pneumonia antibiotherapy followed by antituberculosis treatment, was referred to our clinic. Thorax computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography CT showed cystic mass and mediastinal lymph node with suspicion of malignancy. Fine needle aspiration biopsy and mediastinoscopy showed no malignancy, so the patient underwent an exploratory thoracotomy. A frozen section of wedge-resected mass was reported as adenocarcinoma, leading to right lower lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection. Besides cutting-edge diagnostic techniques, exploratory thoracotomy for cavitary lung lesions can still be necessary, as the last-line choice. The probability of malignancy must always be considered, despite a patient's age or symptoms.
Sphingolipid Metabolism Is Dysregulated in Erythrocytes from Multiple Sclerosis Patient (2020)

Albena Momchilova, Zlatan Tsonchev, Mariana Hadzhilazova, Rumiana Tzoneva, Alexander Alexandrov, Dimitar Nikolakov, Viktoria Ilieva, Roumen Pankov, Sphingolipid Metabolism Is Dysregulated in Erythrocytes from Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation of the Biological Activity of Several Metal-Based Complexes with Two Widely Used Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics: Lomefloxacin and Pefloxacin Drugs (2023)

Lomefloxacin (F1) and pefloxacin (F2) have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In this study, we investigated the complexation mode, morphological, and biological properties of four metal-based complexes of F1 and F2 molecules with Mg(II), Ca(II), Zn(II), and Fe(III) metal ions. These complexes were prepared at ~60–70 °C in a neutral medium using a 5% NH3 solution at ph ~7–8 with a 1:1 ratio. Multiple physicochemical methods were employed to characterize the binding mode between F1 and F2 with the metal ions under investigation. The results of these methods suggested that the gross formula of the complexes obtained with the metal ions were [mgf1(H2O)Cl]⋅2H2O, [caf1(H2O)Cl]⋅3H2O, [znf1(H2O)Cl], [fef1(H2O)2Cl2]⋅Cl⋅2H2O, [mgf2(H2O)Cl]⋅2H2O, [caf2(H2O)Cl]⋅3H2O, [znf2(H2O)Cl], and [fef2(H2O)2Cl2]⋅Cl⋅2H2O. The microscopic characterizations indicated that the Ca(II)-F1 complex had an interesting surface topography. Its particles had a homogenous, short, rod-like shaped structure that clustered together to form a tree shape. Using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion protocol, the synthesized metal-based complexes were screened in vitro against different gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial and fungal species. The antimicrobial profile of the Fe(III)-F1 complex indicated that it had remarkable inhibitory activity against all the tested bacterial and fungal species with a potency equal to that of the standard drugs (streptomycin and ketoconazole).
Decomposition abstraction in parallel rule languages (1996)

Decomposition abstraction is the process of organizing and specifying decomposition strategies for the exploitation of parallelism available in an application. In this paper we develop and evaluate declarative primitives for rule-based programs that expand opportunities for parallel execution. These primitives make explicit, implicit relations among the data and similarly among the rules. The semantics of the primitives are presented in a general object-based framework such that they may be applied to most rule-based programming languages. We show how the additional information provided by the decomposition primitives can be incorporated into a semantic-based dependency analysis technique. The resulting analysis reveals parallelism at compile time that is very difficult, if not impossible, to discover by traditional syntactic analysis techniques. Simulation results demonstrate scalable and broadly available parallelism.
Accelerated Bone Healing in Calvarial and Femoral Defects with Injectable Microcarriers that Mimic the Osteogenic Niche (2021)

Abstract Osteo-enhanced human mesenchymal stem cells (OEhMSCs) secrete an osteogenic cell matrix (OCM) that mimics the composition of anabolic bone tissue and strongly enhances OEhMSC retention and subsequent bone repair in vivo . Here we demonstrate a system for rapid production of gelatin methacrylate microcarriers coated with decellularized OCM (OCM-GelMA) to serve as an injectable bone graft material with high osteogenic potential comparable to a clinically utilized gold standard, bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2). OEhMSCs seeded onto OCM-GelMA secreted high levels of osteogenic and angiogenic cytokines and expressed higher levels of BMP-2 relative to OEhMSCs on bare GelMA microcarriers. OEhMSCs co-administered with OCM-GelMA microcarriers resulted in enhanced healing of murine critical-sized calvarial defects, which was comparable to that achieved with a BMP-2-laden gelatin sponge control. When tested in a murine femoral defect model, OCM-GelMA co-administered with OEhMSCs also induced profound bone growth within the defect. We submit that OCM-GelMA promotes OEhMSC paracrine release to accelerate bone repair, indicating their potential as a bone graft for use in minimally invasive surgery.
Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Cardiovascular Disease: Evolving Trends Over 10 Years in the ESC Registry of Pregnancy and Cardiac Disease (ROPAC) (2020)

(Abstracted from Eur Heart J 2019;40:3848–3855) The World Health Organization recognizes that the reduction of maternal mortality worldwide is a critical goal. Currently, 1% to 4% of pregnant women have maternal heart disease, which has translated into 15% of maternal deaths.
Improvement of Cycle Capability of Fe-Substituted Li<sub>2</sub>S-Based Positive Electrode Materials by Doping with Lithium Iodide (2018)

For an attempt to improve the cycle capability of the Li 8 FeS 5 cells, we have prepared LiI-doped Li 8 FeS 5 composite positive electrode materials. The obtained Li 8 FeS 5 xLiI sample cells showed the improved cycle capability, though the initial capacity value decreased with proportional to the mass of LiI. The improved cycle performance was attributable to the suppressed resistance rise of the cells, due probably to the suppression of high-resistive surface precipitates formed by the reaction between the active material and the electrolyte. The dopant LiI would stabilize the local structure against Li extraction/insertion reactions, as well as suppress the reaction with the electrolyte, leading to the improved cycle performance.
Immunological changes in peripheral blood following nasal allergen challenge in subjects with allergic rhinitis pre‐ and post‐peptide immunotherapy: An open‐label clinical study (2020)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
New specific HSP47 functions in collagen subfamily chaperoning (2020)

Although collagens are the most abundant proteins implicated in various disease pathways, essential mechanisms required for their proper folding and assembly are poorly understood. Heat-shock protein 47 (HSP47), an ER-resident chaperone, was mainly reported to fulfill key functions in folding and secretion of fibrillar collagens by stabilizing pro-collagen triple-helices. In this study, we demonstrate unique functions of HSP47 for different collagen subfamilies. Our results show that HSP47 binds to the N-terminal region of procollagen I and is essential for its secretion. However, HSP47 ablation does not majorly impact collagen VI secretion, but its lateral assembly. Moreover, specific ablation of Hsp47 in murine keratinocytes revealed a new role for the transmembrane collagen XVII triple-helix formation. Incompletely folded collagen XVII C-termini protruding from isolated HSP47 null keratinocyte membrane vesicles could be fully restored upon the application of recombinant HSP47. Thus, our study expands the current view regarding the client repertoire and function of HSP47, as well as emphasizes its importance for transmembrane collagen folding.
[Clinical applications of single photon emission tomography in neurology. 2. Dementia, psychoses, inflammation, skull and brain injuries]. (2000)

This article gives in his second part a critical review of the clinical applications of SPECT with perfusion markers and receptor ligands in dementing disorders and psychosis. In addition this review discusses clinical applications of SPECT investigations with perfusion markers in inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system and in brain trauma.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Wagner‐Meerwein Rearrangement‐Carbocation Trapping in the Formation of Chiral Heterocyclic Ring Systems. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Neural Correlate of Vernier Acuity Tasks Assessed by Functional MRI (fMRI) (2007)

Vernier acuity refers to the ability to discern a small offset within a line. However, while Vernier acuity has been extensively studied psychophysically, its neural correlates are uncertain. Based upon previous psychophysical and electrophysiologic data, we hypothesized that extrastriate areas of the brain would be involved in Vernier acuity tasks, so we designed event-related functional MRI (fMRI) paradigms to identify cortical regions of the brain involved in this behavior. Normal subjects identified suprathreshold and subthreshold Vernier offsets. The results suggest a cortical network including frontal, parietal, occipital, and cerebellar regions subserves the observation, processing, interpretation, and acknowledgment of briefly presented Vernier offsets.
Assessment of 4-Nitrogenated Benzyloxymethyl Groups for 2‘-Hydroxyl Protection in Solid-Phase RNA Synthesis (2007)

The search for a 2'-OH protecting group that would impart ribonucleoside phosphoramidites with coupling kinetics and coupling efficiencies comparable to those of deoxyribonucleoside phosphoramidites led to an assessment of 2'-O-(4-nitrogenated benzyloxy)methyl groups through solid-phase RNA synthesis using phosphoramidites 2a-d, 12a, and 14a. These phosphoramidites exhibited rapid and efficient coupling properties. Particularly noteworthy is the cleavage of the 2'-O-[4-(N-methylamino)benzyloxy]methyl groups in 0.1 M AcOH, which led to U19dT within 15 min at 90 degrees C. [reaction: see text]
Insertion‐site anatomy of the human menisci: Gross, arthroscopic, and topographical anatomy as a basis for meniscal transplantation (1995)

A cadaveric study was performed to determine the insertion-site anatomy of the human menisci, their topographical relationships to adjacent intra-articular structures, and which arthroscopic portal provides for optimal visualization of each insertion site. Fifteen fresh-frozen cadaver knees were studied (ages 48 to 63 years). Ten knees underwent arthroscopy using four standard arthroscopic portals. Visualization and placement of an arthroscopic guide over each meniscal horn insertion site was attempted through the four arthroscopic portals. Guide wires were drilled to mark horn insertions followed by a gross dissection to evaluate accuracy of the guide wire gross dissection to evaluate accuracy of the guide wire placement and to isolate meniscal horn insertion sites. Insertion sites were outlined and evaluated for size and topographical relationships to other intra-articular structures. Five additional knees were dissected free of all soft tissues except the tibial insertions of the meniscal roots and anterior cruciate ligament/posterior cruciate ligament. Each tibia was mounted in a jig and a digitizing system was used to record coordinates of points along the outline of each bony meniscal horn insertion site, the ACL tibial insertion, and the articular surface of each tibial plateau. The x, y, z coordinates for each point were calculated and loaded into a computer program allowing for surface area determination and computer-generated topographical maps to assess relative position of each specific insertion site. Placement of the arthroscope in the anterolateral portal allows optimal visualization and guide wire placement for both lateral meniscal horn insertion sites. Medial meniscal anterior and posterior horn insertion sites are best visualized with the arthroscope in the anteromedial and posteromedial portals respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Partial wave analysis of interfering Kr 3d<sup>9</sup>5p resonant Raman Auger transitions based on measurements of alignment and orientation parameters within the natural line width (2005)

The alignment parameter A20 and the orientation parameter O10 for the 4p4(1D)5p2F7/2 and the 4p4(1D)5p2D5/2 states of Kr+ populated in resonant Auger transitions from 3d95p/6p photo-excited states of Kr were measured at BESSY II for photon energies between 91 eV and 92.8 eV. The method of fluorescence polarimetry was applied. A bandwidth of the exciting photons of 10 meV allowed to study A20 and O10 within the natural line width. Interference effects for resonances overlapping due to lifetime broadening were predicted and observed even when separated by 15 times the natural line width. The relative contribution of the three allowed electron partial waves was derived from A20 and O10 as a function of the exciting-photon energy and compared with the calculated contributions. The resulting good overall agreement between experiment and prediction is considered as a noticeable improvement of the understanding of excitation and decay of the prominent Kr 3d95p resonances.
Polyplexes of Polyethylenimine and per-N-methylated Polyethylenimine-Cytotoxicity and Transfection Efficiency (2004)

For non-viral gene delivery, the carriers for DNA transfer into cells must be vastly improved. The branched cationic polymer polyethylenimine has been described as an efficient gene carrier. However, polyethylenimine was demonstrated to mediate substantial cytotoxicity. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating per-N-methylated polyethylenimine, which is thought to have a much lower cytotoxicity due to its lower charge density. Results from a gel retardation assay and laser light scattering indicated that per-N-methylated polyethylenimine condenses DNA into small and compact nanoparticles with a mean diameter <150 nm. Furthermore, polyplexes of polyethylenimine and per-N-methylated polyethylenimine with DNA had a positive zeta potential and the polymers protected DNA from nuclease-mediated digestion. The transfection efficiency of polyethylenimine and per-N-methylated polyethylenimine was tested in CHO-K1 cells. Using green fluorescent protein as reporter gene and flow cytometry analysis, we demonstrated that per-N-methylated polyethylenimine has a lower cytotoxicity, but also a significantly lower transfection efficiency. Using propidium iodide staining, we could additionally distinguish between viable and dead cells. At NP > or = 12, per-N-methylated polyethylenimine showed a much higher cell viability and the ratio of viable and transfected cells to dead and transfected cells was about 1.5 to 1.7 fold higher than for polyethylenimine. The results of cell viability from flow cytometry analysis were confirmed by the MTS assay. Using luciferase reporter gene for transfection experiments, the gene expression of per-N-methylated polyethylenimine was lower at NP 6, 12 and 18 as compared to polyethylenimine, but at NP 24 it yielded similar levels.
Plasma Microchannel and Jet Enhanced by an Array of Ellipsoidal Microcavities (2011)

Plasma jet discharges are shown to be enhanced significantly, with respect to emission intensity, in the presence of ellipsoidal microcavities dispersed at uniform intervals along the gas flow channel. In these experiments, 25 microcavities were fabricated in the top and bottom faces of a gas flow channel having a rectangular cross section. Conducting film electrodes exterior to the glass structure, powered by a 20-kHz sinusoidal voltage, produced plasma along the entire channel as well as within the microcavities. Stronger optical emission and longer plasma jets were observed in this system than in an equivalent plasma jet system without microcavities.
CT protocol management: simplifying the process by using a master protocol concept (2015)

This article explains a method for creating CT protocols for a wide range of patient body sizes and clinical indications, using detailed tube current information from a small set of commonly used protocols. Analytical expressions were created relating CT technical acquisition parameters which can be used to create new CT protocols on a given scanner or customize protocols from one scanner to another. Plots of mA as a function of patient size for specific anatomical regions were generated and used to identify the tube output needs for patients as a function of size for a single master protocol. Tube output data were obtained from the DICOM header of clinical images from our PACS and patient size was measured from CT localizer radiographs under IRB approval. This master protocol was then used to create 11 additional master protocols. The 12 master protocols were further combined to create 39 single and multiphase clinical protocols. Radiologist acceptance rate of exams scanned using the clinical protocols was monitored for 12,857 patients to analyze the effectiveness of the presented protocol management methods using a two-tailed Fisher's exact test. A single routine adult abdominal protocol was used as the master protocol to create 11 additional master abdominal protocols of varying dose and beam energy. Situations in which the maximum tube current would have been exceeded are presented, and the trade-offs between increasing the effective tube output via 1) decreasing pitch, 2) increasing the scan time, or 3) increasing the kV are discussed. Out of 12 master protocols customized across three different scanners, only one had a statistically significant acceptance rate that differed from the scanner it was customized from. The difference, however, was only 1% and was judged to be negligible. All other master protocols differed in acceptance rate insignificantly between scanners. The methodology described in this paper allows a small set of master protocols to be adapted among different clinical indications on a single scanner and among different CT scanners.
A simple technique for synthesis of linear arrays (2015)

A class of nonuniformly excited, equally-spaced linear arrays that can meet design requirements for half-power beamwidth and side lobe level without any limitation is introduced. These arrays are constructed using the patterns of uniformly excited arrays as building blocks. A design procedure is presented which can be used to determine the required number of elements and the excitation currents in order to achieve some specified radiation properties. Numerical results for broadside and endfire arrays are given.