gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lightweight map matching for indoor localisation using conditional random fields (2014)

Indoor tracking and navigation is a fundamental need for pervasive and context-aware smartphone applications. Although indoor maps are becoming increasingly available, there is no practical and reliable indoor map matching solution available at present. We present MapCraft, a novel, robust and responsive technique that is extremely computationally efficient (running in under 10 ms on an Android smartphone), does not require training in different sites, and tracks well even when presented with very noisy sensor data. Key to our approach is expressing the tracking problem as a conditional random field (CRF), a technique which has had great success in areas such as natural language processing, but has yet to be considered for indoor tracking. Unlike directed graphical models like Hidden Markov Models, CRFs capture arbitrary constraints that express how well observations support state transitions, given map constraints. Extensive experiments in multiple sites show how MapCraft outperforms state-of-the art approaches, demonstrating excellent tracking error and accurate reconstruction of tortuous trajectories with zero training effort. As proof of its robustness, we also demonstrate how it is able to accurately track the position of a user from accelerometer and magnetometer measurements only (i.e. gyro- and WiFi-free). We believe that such an energy-efficient approach will enable always-on background localisation, enabling a new era of location-aware applications to be developed.
Cost-Effectiveness of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Screening With Epstein-Barr Virus Polymerase Chain Reaction or Serology in High-Incidence Populations Worldwide (2020)

We observed decreased NPC mortality with EBV-based screening. Screening was cost-effective in many high-incidence populations and could be extended to men and women as early as age 40 years in select regions. These findings may be useful when choosing among local public health initiatives.
Co-Production of Renewable Hydrogen and Electricity (2009)

Co-production of renewable hydrogen and electricity using high temperature fuel cells offers a potentially attractive option for the hydrogen infrastructure. The multiple co-products help to increase the overall value proposition. High temperature fuel cell (DFC®) systems produce their own hydrogen internally. Over 60 global units have produced &gt;250 million kWh at customer sites. In California alone, more than 10,000 kg H2/day is being produced in units, mostly from renewable fuels, such as digester gas. Electrochemical Hydrogen Separation (EHS) systems, currently under development at FCE, can separate the hydrogen produced in the DFC® system with relatively low energy consumption and do not require pressurization. The separation process is virtually emission-free. A full-scale EHS stack has been operated for more than 5,000 hours. Plant efficiencies of ~65% are projected for hydrogen + electricity, before waste heat recovery. Technology development status and the potential benefits of this co-production system for civilian as well as military use are discussed.
Low Driving Voltage 40 Gbit/s n-i-n Mach-Zehnder Modulator Fabricated on InP Substrate (2005)

We have developed a traveling-wave optical modulator using an n-i-n heterostructure fabricated on an InP substrate. The modulation characteristics are studied theoretically and experimentally. We obtained an extremely small n voltage (V π ) of 2.2 V, even for a short signal-electrode length of 3 mm. We confirmed a wide frequency bandwidth and clearly open eye diagrams at 40 Gbit/s.
Hybrid DRAM/PRAM-based main memory for single-chip CPU/GPU (2012)

Single-chip CPU/GPU architecture is being adopted in high-end (embedded) systems, e.g., smartphones and tablet PCs. Main memory subsystem is expected to consist of hybrid DRAM and phase-change RAM (PRAM) due to the difficulties in DRAM scaling. In this work, we address the performance optimization of the hybrid DRAM/PRAM main memory for single chip CPU/GPU. Based on the tight requirements of low latency from CPU and the relative tolerance to long latency from GPU, DRAM is first allocated to CPU while PRAM with longer write latency is allocated to GPU. Then, in order to improve the write performance of GPU traffic, we propose (1) an in-DRAM write buffer to accommodate GPU write traffics, (2) dynamic hot data management to improve the efficiency of write buffer, (3) runtime-adaptive adjustment of write buffer size to meet the given CPU performance bound, and (4) CPU-aware DRAM access scheduling to give low latency to CPU traffics. The experiments show that the proposed method gives 1.02~44.2 times performance improvement in GPU performance with modest (negligible) CPU performance overhead (when compute-intensive CPU programs run).
Effects of <i>Annurca</i> Flesh Apple Polyphenols in Human Thyroid Cancer Cell Lines (2022)

Among natural macromolecules, the polyphenol extract from <i>Annurca</i> flesh (<i>A</i>FPE) apple could play a potential therapeutic role for a large spectrum of human cancer also by exerting antioxidant properties. Thyroid cancer is a common neoplasia in women, and it is in general responsive to treatments although patients may relapse and metastasize or therapy-related side effects could occur. In this study, we explored the effects of <i>A</i>FPE on papillary (TPC-1) and anaplastic (CAL62) thyroid cancer cell line proliferation and viability. We found that <i>A</i>FPE exposure induced a reduction of cell proliferation and cell viability in dose-dependent manner. The effect was associated with the reduction of phosphorylation of Rb protein. To study the mechanisms underlying the biological effects of <i>A</i>FPE treatment in thyroid cancer cells, we investigated the modulation of miRNA (miR) expression. We found that <i>A</i>FPE treatment increased the expression of the miR-141, miR-145, miR-200a-5p, miR-425, and miR-551b-5p. Additionally, since natural polyphenols could exert their beneficial effects through the antioxidant properties, we investigated this aspect, and we found that <i>A</i>FPE treatment reduced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in CAL62 cells. Moreover, <i>A</i>FPE pretreatment protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in thyroid cancer cell lines. Taken together, our findings suggest that <i>A</i>FPE, by acting at micromolar concentration in thyroid cancer cell lines, may be considered a promising adjuvant natural agent for thyroid cancer treatment approach.
Deep level characterization of seeded physical vapor transport grown ZnSe (1993)

Deep level characterization of ZnSe grown using the seeded physical vapor transport (SPVT) technique is presented for the first time. Deep level characterization of ZnSe grown by the high pressure Bridgman technique is also presented primarily for the purpose of comparison. Thermally stimulated current (TSC) measurements reveal several hole trapping levels in the SPVT samples. TSC from the Bridgman samples, however, reveals a complex structure of overlapping peaks which we were unable to resolve. Thermoluminescence (TL) measurements on Bridgman samples indicate that the primary radiative recombination center is the Cured center (Ev + 0.71 eV). No TL was observed from the SPVT samples despite the fact that TSC and photoluminescence (PL) reveal the presence of both the Cured and Cugreen (Ev + 0.33 eV) centers in both types of sample. We present a model which describes the role of these centers in both SPVT and Bridgman samples and which explains the lack of TL from the SPVT specimens. Tiefe Störstellen von ZnSe, das mit Hilfe des seeded physical vapor transports (SPVT) hergestellt wurde, werden hier zum ersten Mal präsentiert. Zum Vergleich werden außerdem Resultate von Messungen an ZnSe, das mit dem herkömmlichen Hochdruck-Bridgman-Verfahren produziert wurde, angegeben. Thermisch-stimulierte Strommessungen (TSC) lassen darauf schließen, daß mehrere Löcherhaftstellen in den SPVT-Proben vorhanden sind. Andererseits zeigen TSC-Messungen an den Bridgman-Proben, daß eine komplizierte Struktur von überlappenden Peaks, die wir nicht auflösen konnten, vorliegt. Thermo-Lumineszenz(TL)-Messungen deuten darauf hin, daß das Cured-Zentrum (Ev + 0,71 eV) das primäre Strahlungsrekombinationszentrum ist. An den SPVT-Proben wurde keine TL beobachtet, obwohl TSC und Photolumineszenz die Anwesenheit von sowohl Cured- als auch Cugreen(Ev + 0,33 eV)-Zentren in beiden Probentypen zeigen. Ein Modell mit diesen Farbenzentren wird präsentiert, das deren Rolle in SPVT- und in Bridgman-Proben beschreibt und das Fehlen von TL in den SPVT-Proben erklärt.
Generation of Expressed Sequence Tags of Random Root cDNA Clones of Brassica napus by Single-Run Partial Sequencing (1993)

Two hundred thirty-seven expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of Brassica napus were generated by single-run partial sequencing of 197 random root cDNA clones. A computer search of these root ESTs revealed that 21 ESTs show significant similarity to the protein-coding sequences in the existing data bases, including five stress- or defense-related genes and four clones related to the genes from other kingdoms. Northern blot analysis of the 10 data base-matched cDNA clones revealed that many of the clones are expressed most abundantly in root but less abundantly in other organs. However, two clones were highly root specific. The results show that generation of the root ESTs by partial sequencing of random cDNA clones along with the expression analysis is an efficient approach to isolate genes that are functional in plant root in a large scale. We also discuss the results of the examination of cDNA libraries and sequencing methods suitable for this approach.
Enhancement of Carrier Collection in Cu2ZnSn(SeS)4 Solar Cell with Hybrid Buffer Layer (2014)

Several groups have demonstrated high efficiency Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe), Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) and Cu2ZnSn(SeS)4 (CZTSeS) solar cells. Especially the highest efficiency has been achieved via the solution-based CZTSeS cells by IBM. However, the power conversion efficiencies are still low as compared with the other solar cells because of the low open circuit voltage (Voc). Recently, improvement of the Voc in these solar cells by applying a hybrid buffer layer with combination of Cd-based and In-based buffer layers has been reported. The hybrid buffer is considered to drastically boost Voc, and previous reports have focused on Voc and Voc deficit (defined in Eg/q-Voc). In this study we confirm that the hybrid buffer layer can boost not only Voc but also Jsc in the CZTSeS solar cells made using a solution process. Specifically improvement of electrostatic potential fluctuation (opt) and bandgap fluctuation (g) which have a strong relation with the Voc was confirmed, which indicates that the hybrid buffer has a potential to improve the band tailing problem in the CZTS-based solar cells. Furthermore, based on external quantum efficiency (EQE) and drive-level capacitance profiling (DLCP) analyses, improvement of EQE in the long wavelength region by enhancement of depletion width (Xd) was revealed. Finally the efficiency (Eff) of 12.7% in-house measurement in IBM (12.3% certificated in Newport) in solution-based CZTSeS cells has been achieved by applying the hybrid buffer layer.
Numerical determination of the sealing performance of a rough surface; real versus systhetic fractal surface. (2008)

International audience
Cavity-enhanced zero-phonon emission from an ensemble of G centers in a silicon-on-insulator microring (2023)

We report the incorporation of an ensemble of G centers in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) microrings using ion implantation and conventional nanofabrication. The coupling between the emitters and the resonant modes of the microrings is studied using continuous-wave and time-resolved microphotoluminescence (PL) experiments. We observe the resonant modes of the microrings on PL spectra, on the wide spectral range that is covered by G center emission. By finely tuning the size of the microrings, we match their zero-phonon line at 1278 nm with a resonant mode of quality factor around 3000 and volume 7.2 (λ/n)3. The zero-phonon line intensity is enhanced by a factor of 5, both in continuous-wave and time-resolved measurements. This is attributed to the Purcell enhancement of zero-phonon spontaneous emission into the resonant mode and quantitatively understood considering the distribution of the G center dipoles. Despite the enhancement of the zero-phonon emission, we do not observe any sizeable decrease in the average lifetime of the G centers, which points at a low radiative yield (&amp;lt;10%). We reveal the detrimental impact of parasitic defects in heavily implanted silicon and discuss the perspectives for quantum electrodynamics experiments with individual color centers in lightly implanted SOI rings. Our results provide key information for the development of deterministic single-photon sources for integrated quantum photonics.
Reversible Photoinduced Anisotropy of Azoxybenzenes in Nematic Liquid Crystal Phase and in Solid Polymer Solutions (2016)

1 , . . 2 , . . 2,3 , . . 2 - 1 , . , . 2, 141981 , 2 , - , . , . 10-, 105005 ,
Measurement and analysis of EUV photoresist related outgassing and contamination (2009)

Photoresist outgassing and the related risk for optics contamination in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) exposure tools are concerns in the development of EUV lithography, especially towards the high volume manufacturing tools. The measurement however of how much and what species are outgassing/contaminating, is still very challenging. Various techniques are investigated worldwide, but there is still no consensus on which technique is most adequate. Moreover, since the outgassing/contamination qualification of photoresists needs dedicated tool set-up, it is likely that the testing configuration (with parameters such as exposure intensity, background vacuum quality, pumping speed, ...) can impact the measurement result. In this paper, we are comparing two candidates for outgassing/contamination measurement which are integrated in one experimental set-up : RGA (Residual Gas Analysis) and witness plate testing. RGA is based on in situ mass spectrometer measurements during photoresist EUV exposure and enables chemical identification of species that are outgassing, but has limited information on the probability of mirror contamination. Results are shown on how the measurement results can depend on the testing configuration. Witness plate testing is based on the evaluation of EUV exposed mirror samples that are placed in the vicinity of EUV outgassing photoresist. Results are shown on how the generated contamination can be affected by the tool configuration, and on how to measure/analyze the contamination. Finally, since both techniques are integrated in one test-set-up, measurement results will be compared and correlated, which should help in understanding the phenomena and lead to well defined measurement for photoresist qualification.
Using belief propagation to counter correlated reports in cooperative spectrum sensing (2014)

Consider spectrum sensing systems where the presence of the primary user of the spectrum is detected by secondary users (SUs) in a centralized cooperative fashion. The sensing results can be correlated due to environmental reasons. SUs may or may not be honest. If dishonest, they could be colluding. Existing methods to fuse the SU reports either ignore the correlation in the SU reports, or they need to know the source of correlation. In this paper, we propose a belief propagation based fusion algorithm to exploit the correlations in reports of groups of SUs irrespective of cause. We show that identifying the groups of SUs having correlated reports reduces the probability of error of spectrum sensing. Our method is based on modeling the probability distribution underlying the SU reports as a Bayesian network. The process of learning the Bayesian network also shows that it is theoretically impossible to identify collusion.
EFFICIENT INVERSIONS OF SECONDARY ALCOHOLS USING CESIUM ACETATE AND 18-CROWN-6 (1984)

Abstract Reaction of alcohol mesylate with cesium acetate and 18-crown-6 in benzene is an effective method for the inversion of cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl alcohols.
Tribological and mechanical characterizations of polyelectrolyte multilayer nanoassemblies (2003)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, June 2005.
An octave-spanning mid-infrared frequency comb generated in a silicon nanophotonic wire waveguide (2015)

Laser frequency combs, sources with a spectrum consisting of hundred thousands evenly spaced narrow lines, have an exhilarating potential for new approaches to molecular spectroscopy and sensing in the mid-infrared region. The generation of such broadband coherent sources is presently under active exploration. Technical challenges have slowed down such developments. Identifying a versatile highly nonlinear medium for significantly broadening a mid-infrared comb spectrum remains challenging. Here we take a different approach to spectral broadening of mid-infrared frequency combs and investigate CMOS-compatible highly nonlinear dispersion-engineered silicon nanophotonic waveguides on a silicon-on-insulator chip. We record octave-spanning (1,500-3,300 nm) spectra with a coupled input pulse energy as low as 16 pJ. We demonstrate phase-coherent comb spectra broadened on a room-temperature-operating CMOS-compatible chip.
&lt;title&gt;An Improved Stereotactic System For CT Aided Neurosurgery&lt;/title&gt; (1982)

Several computed tomography (CT) aided stereotactic systems have been introduced during the last five years for precise placement of neurosurgical instruments. Using digital CT image data that is transformed to a patient-frame coordinate system surgery can be simulated, planned and executed with sub-millimeter precision. This paper introduces a second generation stereotactic system that improves on speed, image resolution, accuracy and patient comfort of past and current systems. The system described here is designed for surgical procedures conducted entirely in the CT suite. Geometric resolution of this system is presented, test procedures are described and phantom results are discussed. An application to percutaneous knee surgery is briefly mentioned. At this writing patient data is not yet available.
Elements of a general theory of joints. 1. Basic kinematic and static function of diarthrosis. (1990)

The kinematicaly open, dimeric link chain represents the simpliest module of a diarthrosis. The simpliest synarthrosis is represented by a (visco-)elastic disk that connects two rigid bodies. Diarthroses and synarthroses are statically distinguished by the character of force transfer. Because of their adhesive connection to the corresponding bony structures synarthroses can transfer shear stresses while diarthroses can only be loaded by forces which act normal to their functional surfaces. Therefore, the interface between the body structure and the elastic synarthrosis can be considered as a surface of infinite static (adhesive) friction, while the contacting surfaces in a diathrosis possess vanishing static friction. Kinematically, the difference between diarthroses and synarthroses is established by the fact that diarthroses possess axes of rotation which are approximately fixed relatively to the morphology of the corresponding functional surfaces while in synarthroses the positions of rotational axes depend on the geometric structure of the applied and transferred force system. The first part entire paper presents the most simple module of a diarthrosis, the kinematically open dimeric link chain.
ChemInform Abstract: Defensive Mechanisms of Arthropods. Part 155. Biosynthesis of Epilachnene, a Macrocyclic Defensive Alkaloid of the Mexican Bean Beetle. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
IGF-I and IGFBPs in plasma of growing Landrace and large withe pigs. (1996)

peer reviewed
Morphology and Immunoreactivity of Retrogradely Double-Labeled Ganglion Cells in the Mouse Retina (2011)

The retrograde labeling is reliable for identification of GCs. dGs participate in ON and OFF light pathways but favor the OFF pathway. ChAT, bNOS, glycine, and GAD remain reliable AC markers in the GCL. GCs may couple to GABAergic ACs, and the gap junctions likely pass NB and GABA.
Electrical low-frequency $1/f^{\gamma}$ noise due to surface diffusion of scatterers on an ultra low noise graphene platform (2021)

Low-frequency $1/f^{\gamma}$ noise is ubiquitous, even in high-end electronic devices. For qubits such noise results in decrease of their coherence times. Recently, it was found that adsorbed O$_2$ molecules provide the dominant contribution to flux noise in superconducting quantum interference devices. To clarify the basic principles of such adsorbant noise, we have investigated the formation of low-frequency noise while the mobility of surface adsorbants is varied by temperature. In our experiments, we measured low-frequency current noise in suspended monolayer graphene samples under the influence of adsorbed Ne atoms. Owing to the extremely small intrinsic noise of graphene in suspended Corbino geometry, we could resolve a combination of $1/f^{\gamma}$ and Lorentzian noise spectra induced by the presence of Ne. We find that the $1/f^{\gamma}$ noise is caused by surface diffusion of Ne atoms and by temporary formation of few-Ne-atom clusters. Our results support the idea that clustering dynamics of defects is relevant for understanding of $1/f$ noise in general metallic systems.
Inversion of Left Atrial Appendage Will Cause Compressive Stresses in the Tissue: Simulation Study of Potential Therapy (2022)

In atrial fibrillation (AF), thromboembolic events can result from the particular conformation of the left atrial appendage (LAA) bearing increased clot formation and accumulation. Current therapies to reduce the risk of adverse events rely on surgical exclusion or percutaneous occlusion, each of which has drawbacks limiting application and efficacy. We sought to quantify the hemodynamic and structural loads of a novel potential procedure to partially invert the "dead" LAA space to eliminate the auricle apex where clots develop. A realistic left atrial geometry was first achieved from the heart anatomy of the Living Heart Human Model (LHHM) and then the left atrial appendage inversion (LAAI) was simulated by finite-element analysis. The LAAI procedure was simulated by pulling the elements at the LAA tip and prescribing a displacement motion along a predefined path. The deformed configuration was then used to develop a computational flow analysis of LAAI. Results demonstrated that the inverted LAA wall undergoes a change in the stress distribution from tensile to compressive in the inverted appendage, and this can lead to resorption of the LAA tissue as per a reduced stress/resorption relationship. Computational flow analyses highlighted a slightly nested low-flow velocity pattern for the inverted LAA with minimal differences from that of a model without inversion of the LAA apex. Our study revealed important insights into the biomechanics of LAAI and demonstrated the inversion of the stress field (from tensile to compressive), which &can ultimately lead the long-term resorption of the LAA.
Fishmeal supplementation during ovine pregnancy and lactation protects against maternal stress-induced programming of the offspring immune system (2015)

Supplementation during pregnancy with FM appears to protect against adverse fetal programming that may occur during maternal infection and this may reduce the risk of atopic disease later in life.