gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The unique role of dolichyl phosphate glucose in <i>T. vaginalis</i> glycosylation. (2006)

Trichomonas vaginalis , a protist parasite of the urogenital tract in humans, is the causative agent of trichomoniasis, one of the most frequent sexually transmitted diseases. Analysis of T. vaginalis genome sequence revealed presence of 7 genes encoding for putative dolichyl phosphate glucose [DolPGlc] synthase [TvALG5A‐G]. To date DolPGlc was described to be involved only in biosynthesis of Lipid Linked Oligosaccharide [LLO] utilized in N‐glycosylation process, however, previous work excluded the role of DolPGlc in biosynthesis of LLO in T. vaginalis (Samuelson et al 2005). We confirmed that T. vaginalis cells synthesized DolPGlc in vitro . We proved functionality of each identified TvAlg5 as DolPGlc synthase by isolation of each gene and expression in an ALG5 deletion mutant of S cerevisiae . All of TvAlg5p were able to restore DolPGlc synthase activity in vitro , and all but TvAlg5G corrected CPY N‐glycosylation defect. To asses the role of DolPGlc in T. vaginalis cells we measured the DolPGlc:protein glucosyltransfer activity i n vitro . Further, we established that glucosylated proteins are resistant to N‐Glycosidase F treatment which hydrolyzes N‐glycan chains from glycopeptides. In this study we present evidence that T. vaginalis cells carry out a unique type of glycosylation event utilizing DolPGlc as a sugar donor. This work was supported by NIH Grants AI44070 and AI48082 (to J.S.), and GM31318 (to P.W.R.).
FIBRIN-BINDING STUDIES OF PRO-UROKINASE (PRO-UK) USING SOLID PHASE FIBRIN PLATES (1987)

Pro-UK is a single chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA) which has fibrin selective thrombolytic properties. However, quantitative data on pro-UK binding to fibrin and on the mechanism of its fibrin enhanced activation of plasminogen have been difficult to obtain. In the present study, a well defined fibrin network constructed on glutaraldehyde-activated PVC plates (Anal. Biochem. 153 : 201-210, 1986) and highly purified pro-UK (99 % scu-PA) were used. Binding was investigated as follows : varying dilutions of pro-UK in the presence of a trace amount of I-labeled pro-UK in buffer without or with glu-plasminogen, plasmin or oC -thrombin and in urine, plasma or serum, were incubated overnight at 4°C and then 2 h at 37°C in the fibrin plates. After washing, the wells were cut out and counted in a gamma-counter. The labeled pro-UK and the effect of enzymes on scu-PA were investigated by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography. In parallel experiments, the activity of the fibrin bound and unbound products was investigated spectrophotometrically by adding glu-plasminogen and a synthetic substrate selective for plasmin. The binding of pro-UK to fibrin was 1.7 ± 0.1 % in buffer and 0.2 ± 0.08 % in plasma, as determined from isotopic and spectro-photometric measurements. This binding is similar to that of (0.13 ± 0.05%) two-chain urokinase (plasmin-transformed scu-PA), but is extremely low compared to the specific binding of tPA (68 - 4%). By contrast, in urine, 11.2 ± 4.47 % binding of pro-UK to fibrin was observed. Thrombin did not modify the binding but transformed scu-PA into a two-chain molecule which had lost activity. These data indicate that pro-UK has little affinity for fibrin under these conditions but that some binding may be induced by a co-factor which is present in urine. Confirmation that thrombin degrades scu-PA was obtained and it is suggested that this effect may help to regulate fibrinolysis.
Security Analysis of Stealth Transmission over a public Fiber-Optical Network (2007)

We analyze the security performance of stealth communications over a public fiber-optical network. We examine system's vulnerability against various eavesdropping strategies and construct a metric to evaluate the level of security in the stealth transmission.
Use of intravenous immunoglobulins in clinical practice: data from three French university hospitals (2011)

Since several years, the use of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) has increased. This growth has encouraged some countries to publish guidelines. In parallel, some countries have conducted audits to know how IVIg are used in clinical practice in the light of the available guidelines. The objective of this study was to assess IVIg use in three French university hospitals in 2006. All IVIg administrations were evaluated during 6 months (12 September 2005-12 March 2006) in French university hospitals of Marseille. Different data were recorded for each administration: patient characteristics, indication, formulation and quantity. During the study period, 2802 administrations of IVIg (corresponding to a total quantity of 76 780 g) have been recorded. Four hundred and thirty-five patients received at least one of these administrations. The five most reported indications were multifocal motor neuropathy (11.0% of total quantity), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (10.2%), corticoresistant dermatomyositis (10.2%), immune thrombocytopaenia (9.9%) and primary immune deficiency (9.1%). According to available French recommendations, 70% of the IVIg use was for 'acknowledged indications', 9% for 'indications to be assessed' and 18% for 'unwarranted indications'. The 10 most reported indications were 'acknowledged indications' according to available recommendations of the French expert group. Nevertheless, the two most reported indications were not approved by the French Health Products Agency (AFSSAPS) at the time of the study and were approved since.
Asymptotic convergence from L/sub p/ stability (1999)

This note recalls that an absolutely continuous function having a uniformly locally integrable (not necessarily essentially bounded) derivative is uniformly continuous on the semi-infinite interval. This observation, in conjunction with Barbalat's lemma, allows concluding asymptotic convergence to zero of an output function for a general class of nonlinear systems with L/sub p/ (not necessarily L/sub /spl infin//) disturbances.
Topological object types for morphodynamic modeling languages (2012)

We survey useful ingredients for a new class of mathematical process-modeling languages aimed at spatial and developmental biology. Existing modeling languages for computational systems biology do not fully address the problems of spatial modeling that arise in morphodynamics (the local dynamics of form) and its applications to biological development. We seek to extend the operator algebra semantics approach from our previous “Dynamical Grammars” modeling language, whose most spatial object type is the labelled graph, to encompass more flexible topological objects. Taking clues from current developments in 3D meshing and from topological modeling for biology, illustrated by a plant tissue example, we seek language support for the approximation of low-dimensional CW complexes (which are nontrivial topological spaces, with cardinality of the continuum) and dynamic fields thereon, by finite labelled abstract complexes. Some of the proposed types would be computationally demanding, without further restriction. Restrictions and control of these approximations can be specified by use of “metricated” types. Minimally, such approximations should permit the accurate simulation of spatial diffusion processes.
Worldwilde interlaboratory study on PCDDs, PCDFs, dioxin-like PCBs marker PCBs and PBDEs in human plasma (2007)

peer reviewed
Receptor-coated porous silicon resonators for enhanced sensitivity of vapor detection (2011)

We present microscale silicon resonators with nanoscale pores for increased surface area, which are capable of providing enhanced sensitivity in vapor sensors. Increased mechanical stability and detection performance are also achieved by keeping parts of the resonating device nonporous and adding a receptor coating. We demonstrate improvements up to 165% and 654% in resonator sensitivity to isopropyl alcohol (IPA) for partially-porous silicon resonators and receptor-coated partially-porous silicon resonators, respectively, as compared to nonporous silicon resonators.
Highly Flexible Wrinkled Carbon Nanotube Thin Film StrainSensor to Monitor Human Movement - eScholarship (2016)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on shape memory polymers result in densified, nano- to microscale wrinkles upon heat-induced shrinkage. These wrinkled CNT bundles can be transferred into soft materials similar to the human epidermis for extremely highly stretchable skin mountable strain sensors with a dynamic range of over 700%.
Conceptual Study of Central Receiver Systems with Liquid Metals as Efficient Heat Transfer Fluids (2015)

Concentrated Solar Power plants (CSP) provide several advantages to other energy conversion concepts. However, they are still not competitive in price, compared to conventional power plants. But there is still potential to reduce the cost. The higher heat conductivity of liquid metals leads to very high heat transfer coefficients - ten times higher as with molten salts. This big advantage could increase the efficiency and lower the cost of CSP plants. In order to optimize such a power plant regarding efficiency and cost, detailed information of each component of the system is necessary. This paper shows several system concepts in which liquid metals can be used as heat transfer fluid. In addition, several liquid metal pump types are investigated as well as thermal energy storage concepts. With the assumptions and boundary conditions taken in this model, direct thermal energy storage with liquid metal is prohibitive. But some innovative indirect storage systems with liquid metals show costs in the same range as with a 2-Tank molten salt storage. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
The nitrendipine-sensitive Ca2+ channel in chick muscle cells and its appearance during myogenesis in vitro and in vivo. (1984)

The nitrendipine-sensitive Ca2+ channel of chick skeletal myotubes in culture has been studied using both the 45Ca2+ flux technique and [3H]nitrendipine binding experiments. Ca2+ uptake is insensitive to nitrendipine when chick myotubes in culture are polarized. Whereas depolarization reveals a new component of 45Ca2+ influx which is inhibited by nitrendipine. Half-maximal inhibition occurs at a nitrendipine concentration of 0.7 nM. This value is similar to the dissociation constant Kd = 0.4 nM found in [3H]nitrendipine binding experiments. During myogenesis in vitro the nitrendipine receptor is absent in myoblasts and appears in parallel with the fusion process. Two stages of increased binding have been observed in vivo. The first one, which occurs during embryonic life, has the same properties as in the in vitro development. The second stage occurs near hatching and corresponds to a large increase in the number of nitrendipine receptors. This increase is accompanied by a decrease of affinity of nitrendipine for its receptor by a factor of 4 to 10. Chronic denervation produces a further increase in the number of nitrendipine receptors which reaches a factor of about 2 at 15 days of denervation. Results are discussed in relation to the particular localization of these channels in transverse tubules and with the innervation.
Search for the Standard Model Higgs Boson in the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi><mml:mi>H</mml:mi><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>ν</mml:mi><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>ν</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover><mml:mi>b</mml:mi><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>b</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math>Channel in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mn>5.2</mml:mn><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:msup><mml:mi>fb</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:math>of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math>Collisions at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>1.96</mml:mn><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mi>TeV</mml:mi></mml:math> (2010)

A search is performed for the standard model Higgs boson in 5.2 fb{-1} of pp collisions at sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV, collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The final state considered is a pair of b jets and large missing transverse energy, as expected from pp-->ZH-->nunubb production. The search is also sensitive to the WH-->lnubb channel when the charged lepton is not identified. For a Higgs boson mass of 115 GeV, a limit is set at the 95% C.L. on the cross section multiplied by branching fraction for [pp-->(Z/W)H](H-->bb) that is a factor of 3.7 larger than the standard model value, consistent with the factor of 4.6 expected.
Online resource allocation using decompositional reinforcement learning (2005)

This paper considers a novel application domain for rein-forcement learning: that of “autonomic computing, ” i.e. self-managing computing systems. RL is applied to an online re-source allocation task in a distributed multi-application com-puting environment with independent time-varying load in each application. The task is to allocate servers in real time so as to maximize the sum of performance-based expected utility in each application. This task may be treated as a com-posite MDP, and to exploit the problem structure, a simple lo-calized RL approach is proposed, with better scalability than previous approaches. The RL approach is tested in a realistic prototype data center comprising real servers, real HTTP re-quests, and realistic time-varying demand. This domain poses a number of major challenges associated with live training in a real system, including: the need for rapid training, explo-ration that avoids excessive penalties, and handling complex, potentially non-Markovian system effects. The early results are encouraging: in overnight training, RL performs as well as or slightly better than heavily researched model-based ap-proaches derived from queuing theory.
Efficient Spatial Processing Element Control via Triggered Instructions (2014)

In this article, the authors present triggered instructions, a novel control paradigm for arrays of processing elements (PEs) aimed at exploiting spatial parallelism. Triggered instructions completely eliminate the program counter and allow programs to transition concisely between states without explicit branch instructions. They also allow efficient reactivity to inter-PE communication traffic. The approach provides a unified mechanism to avoid overserialized execution, essentially achieving the effect of techniques such as dynamic instruction reordering and multithreading, which each require distinct hardware mechanisms in a traditional sequential architecture.
The Next Wave of Stroma-Targeting Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer (2019)

The stroma of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) forms a major barrier to therapy and immune surveillance. Elahi-Gedwillo and colleagues demonstrate that halofuginone has potent antifibrotic activity in PDA by directly inhibiting the activation of pancreatic stellate cells, thereby reducing the deposition of extracellular matrix components, including collagen and hyaluronic acid. As a result, halofuginone improves drug delivery and the infiltration of favorable immune cells such as immune-stimulatory myeloid cells and cytotoxic T cells. Despite recent controversies regarding targeting stroma in PDA, this study highlights that modifying the stroma of PDA remains an attractive strategy to improve the efficacy of therapy.<i>See related article by Elahi-Gedwillo et al., p. 372</i>.
Case Study: Abnormal Drillstring Wash-out and Fatigue Experienced when Drilling Hazardous Formation in Iranian Oil Field (2003)

Abstract High frequency of wash-outs and cracks in drillstring has been experienced in a specific formation in oil fields located in the Southern part of Iran. The rig time consumed on this challenge was high due to time spent on replacing damaged pipes. In a few cases fishing operations were necessary to recover twisted off drillstrings. The majority of drillstring failures happened during top hole drilling (17-1/2" hole section). So far several solutions have been tried out to overcome the drillstring failure, which to some extent has decreased the washout frequency. In this work we tried to define the challenge as precisely as possible; where, how and why the problem occurred. The state-of-the-art with respect to cause/solution to pipe washouts is included in the paper. Possible reasons and practical solutions to this challenge are evaluated. Analysis of relevant factors that affect drillstring failure revealed that drillstring vibration in torsional mode is the most probable factor to induce drillstring failure in the hazard formation. This factor is therefore discussed in detail. Inasmuch as the failure occurred just in one particular formation, the lithology that induced vibration is another factor that was investigated and analyzed in this study. The complete understanding of the cause of the problem has however still not been reached.
Exanthema subitum and human herpesvirus 6 infection (1993)

Exanthema subitum had been speculated to be a viral disease although its pathogen is unknown. Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), first isolated in 1986, was proved by Yamanishi et al. to be the causal agent of exanthema subitum. To evaluate the role of HHV-6 as the causal agent in clinically diagnosed exanthema subitum, we tested for HHV-6 antibody in 57 infants with clinical exanthema subitum and exanthema subitum-like rash without fever. Of the 53 patients with clinical exanthema subitum 43 showed seroconversion or a significant rise in antibody titer to HHV-6, 7 were seropositive without significant rise and 3 remained seronegative. The clinical manifestations of these 43 infants with serologically confirmed HHV-6 infection were consistent with the classical characteristics of exanthema subitum. The 4 patients with atypical exanthema subitum showed significant rises in antibody titer. Our results therefore show that the majority of cases with typical clinical manifestations of exanthema subitum had HHV-6 infection. Most cases with HHV-6 infection had the typical clinical course of exanthema subitum, and a few cases might show an afebrile exanthema subitum-like rash.
Optical ablation by high-power short-pulse lasers (1996)

Laser-induced damage threshold measurements were performed on homogeneous and multilayer dielectrics and gold-coated optics at 1053 and 526 nm for pulse durations τ ranging from 140 fs to 1 ns. Gold coatings were found, both experimentally and theoretically, to be limited to 0.6 J/cm2 in the subpicosecond range for 1053-nm pulses. In dielectrics, we find qualitative differences in the morphology of damage and a departure from the diffusion-dominated τ1/2 scaling that indicate that damage results from plasma formation and ablation for τ ≤ 10 ps and from conventional heating and melting for τ &gt; 50 ps. A theoretical model based on electron production by multiphoton ionization, joule heating, and collisional (avalanche) ionization is in quantitative agreement with both the pulse-width and the wavelength scaling of experimental results.
Measurement of the Differential Cross Section for Events with Large Total Transverse Energy in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">p</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mover><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">p</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>¯</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:mover></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math>Collisions at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msqrt><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">s</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msqrt><mml:mspace/><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mspace/><mml:mn>1.8</mml:mn><mml:mn/><mml:mi/><mml:mi>TeV</mml:mi></mml:math> (1998)

We present a measurement of the differential cross section $d\ensuremath{\sigma}/d\ensuremath{\Sigma}{E}_{T}^{\mathrm{jet}}$ for the production of multijet events in $p\overline{p}$ collisions where the sum is over all jets with transverse energy ${E}_{T}^{\mathrm{jet}}&gt;{E}_{T}^{\mathrm{min}}$. The measured cross section for events with $\ensuremath{\Sigma}{E}_{T}^{\mathrm{jet}}&gt;320\mathrm{GeV}$ is compared to $O({\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{s}^{3})$ perturbative QCD predictions and QCD parton shower Monte Carlo predictions. The agreement between the $O({\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{s}^{3})$ predicted and observed event rates is reasonable for ${E}_{T}^{\mathrm{min}}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}100\mathrm{GeV}$, but poorer for ${E}_{T}^{\mathrm{min}}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}20\mathrm{GeV}$.
Physicochemical, Microstructural, and Microbiological Properties of Skipjack Tuna ( <i>Katsuwonus pelamis</i> ) After High‐Pressure Processing (2018)

Information presented here can serve as a guideline for the selection of appropriate conditions for HPP of tuna loins. Our results show that HPP has a potential to replace the highly energy-intensive steam precooking step, which is traditionally required in a canned tuna production process.
Structural Insights into Selective Ligand–Receptor Interactions Leading to Receptor Inactivation Utilizing Selective Melanocortin 3 Receptor Antagonists (2017)

Systematic N-methylated derivatives of the melanocortin receptor ligand, SHU9119, lead to multiple binding and functional selectivity toward melanocortin receptors. However, the relationship between N-methylation-induced conformational changes in the peptide backbone and side chains and melanocortin receptor selectivity is still unknown. We conducted comprehensive conformational studies in solution of two selective antagonists of the third isoform of the melanocortin receptor (hMC3R), namely, Ac-Nle-c[Asp-NMe-His<sup>6</sup>-d-Nal(2')<sup>7</sup>-NMe-Arg<sup>8</sup>-Trp<sup>9</sup>-Lys]-NH<sub>2</sub> (15) and Ac-Nle-c[Asp-His<sup>6</sup>-d-Nal(2')<sup>7</sup>-NMe-Arg<sup>8</sup>-NMe-Trp<sup>9</sup>-NMe-Lys]-NH<sub>2</sub> (17). It is known that the pharmacophore (His<sup>6</sup>-DNal<sup>7</sup>-Arg<sup>8</sup>-Trp<sup>9</sup>) of the SHU-9119 peptides occupies a β II-turn-like region with the turn centered about DNal<sup>7</sup>-Arg<sup>8</sup>. The analogues with hMC3R selectivity showed distinct differences in the spatial arrangement of the Trp<sup>9</sup> side chains. In addition to our NMR studies, we also carried out molecular-level interaction studies of these two peptides at the homology model of hMC3R. Earlier chimeric human melanocortin 3 receptor studies revealed insights regarding the binding and functional sites of hMC3R selectivity. Upon docking of peptides 15 and 17 to the binding pocket of hMC3R, it was revealed that Arg<sup>8</sup> and Trp<sup>9</sup> side chains are involved in a majority of the interactions with the receptor. While Arg<sup>8</sup> forms polar contacts with D154 and D158 of hMC3R, Trp<sup>9</sup> utilizes π-π stacking interactions with F295 and F298, located on the transmembrane domain of hMC3R. It is hypothesized that as the frequency of Trp<sup>9</sup>-hMC3R interactions decrease, antagonistic activity increases. The absence of any interactions of the N-methyl groups with hMC3R suggests that their primary function is to modulate backbone conformations of the ligands.
Embedded Ceramic Passive on FR‐4 Using Aerosol Deposition (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Current Circuit Board Technology Ceramic Film Deposition Technology Aerosol Deposition (AD) Research Objectives Experimental Procedure Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments
A sublinear time approximation scheme for clustering in metric spaces (2003)

The metric 2-clustering problem is defined as follows: given a metric (or weighted graph) (X,d), partition X into two sets S(1) and S(2) in order to minimize the value of /spl Sigma//sub i//spl Sigma//sub {u,v}/spl sub/S(i)/d(u,v). In this paper, we show an approximation scheme for this problem.