gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of Concentration Fluctuations on the Dielectric .alpha.-Relaxation in Homogeneous Polymer Mixtures (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfluence of Concentration Fluctuations on the Dielectric .alpha.-Relaxation in Homogeneous Polymer MixturesG. Katana, E. W. Fischer, Th. Hack, V. Abetz, and F. KremerCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 8, 2714–2722Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00112a017RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views512Altmetric-Citations135LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (991 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Acceleration of charged particles in magnetic reconnection: Solar flares, the magnetosphere, and solar wind (1986)

A possible source of free energy available for accelerating charged particles is conversion of magnetic energy to particle energy in reconnecting magnetic fields. Recent simulations using test particles suggests that reconnection may efficiently accelerate particles to the maximum energies that are observed in several astrophysical contexts. A simple analytic formula is used in conjunction with the simulation results to predict the maximum energy achievable in a particular plasma environment with the result that in solar flares reconnection is capable of accelerating particles to several GeV. In magnetospheric substorms the predicted maximum can reach several hundred keV, and near magnetic sector crossings in the solar wind the maximum energy can approach 100 keV.
Bond Graph Modeling and Analysis of Active Differential Kinematics (2008)

This paper describes the kinematic structures of Active Limited Slip Differential (ALSD) and different concepts of Torque Vectoring Differentials (TVD) (superposition clutch concept, stationary clutch concept, and 4WD concept). The bond graph method is used to derive the models of ALSD/TVD kinematics. Based on the developed models, a comparative analysis of active differential operating modes and performance is conducted.
A dual three-phase induction machine based flywheel storage system driven by modular multilevel converters for fault ride through in HVDC systems (2015)

One of the main challenges of voltage source converter based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) transmission systems is the AC faults at the grid side. This work introduces the integration of multiphase induction machine (IM) based flywheel energy storage systems (FESS) with VSC-HVDC systems for AC side fault ride through purposes employing modular multilevel converters (MMC). MMCs have become suitable candidates for medium/high power energy conversion systems due to the capability of simply extending the levels of the converter while retaining high levels of reliability. In order to enhance the storage system reliability, a dual three phase IM is used to drive the FESS due to its fault tolerance capability. In this paper, the performance of the FESS is investigated under the operation of a dual three phase IM being driven by two three-phase MMCs. To step-down the DC-link voltage of the HVDC system to a proper voltage level for IMs, the DC-link voltage is divided into two series connected capacitor, and each capacitor voltage is fed as an input DC voltage for each three- phase MMC. The control strategies of the MMCs and the IM are presented, in addition to the IM mathematical model. Simulation case studies are performed using MATLAB/Simulink to validate the proposed system.
The Impact of Stone Multiplicity on Surgical Decisions for Patients with Large Stone Burden: Results from ReSKU (2019)

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> American Urological Association (AUA) guidelines recommend percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for total stone burden greater than 20 mm, yet it is unclear if the number of stones affects adherence to this guideline. We aim to assess the impact of stone multiplicity on the choice of ureteroscopy (URS) <i>vs</i> PCNL as a first-line therapy for patients with high burden (>20 mm), and examine whether the AUA guideline-discordant care impacts patient outcomes. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Data were collected from the Registry for Stones of the Kidney and Ureter (ReSKU) database, a prospectively collected registry of patients with stone disease. Multivariate logistic regression (MLR) was used to estimate the association between stone multiplicity and the decision to perform URS for high stone burden (>20 mm) patients. MLR was further used to estimate the association between performing URS and the following outcomes: stone-free rate, need for a second operation, and complications. Postoperative hospital stay was compared between patients receiving URS <i>vs</i> PCNL using Student's <i>t</i>-test. <b><i>Results:</i></b> One hundred twenty-five patients were included in this analysis. For patients with total stone burden exceeding 20 mm, those with more than three stones had roughly nine times the likelihood of undergoing URS over PCNL compared with patients with a single stone (adjusted odds ratio 9.21, confidence interval [95% CI] 2.55-40.58, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Stone-free rates, Clavien-Dindo scores, and frequency of second-look operations did not differ significantly between URS and PCNL patients. URS patients were discharged an average of 1.26 days earlier than patients who received PCNL (95% CI 0.72-1.81, <i>p</i> < 0.001). <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> Stone multiplicity strongly predicts which patients with stone burden >20 mm will undergo URS and who will undergo PCNL. These deviations from AUA guidelines do not appear to worsen patient outcomes. These results suggest that careful consideration of each patient may warrant deviation from guidelines.
Clinical trials of neurointervention : 2007–2018 (2019)

A low dissemination rate for results and a high rate of study non-completion, as well as lack of geographic dispersion of trials appear to be major challenges in the field.
Monitoring of temperature variation in the focal region of an ultrasonic transducer (2006)

A method for remote monitoring of temperature in the focal region of a high-intensity ultrasonic transducer is described. Results of measurements and theoretical simulation are presented. The measurements were conducted on a polymer sample with thermophysical and acoustic parameters close to the properties of a soft biological tissue. The sample was heated by a focused piezoelectric transducer with different values of radiation power. The delay of a probe pulse transmitted through the heated region perpendicularly to the axis of the intense ultrasonic beam was detected. The local character of temperature measurements was provided by focusing the probe pulse at the heated region. The application of an additional transducer installed confocally with the probing one provided an opportunity to enhance the precision of measurements. An analysis was conducted on the basis of a numerical solution of the heat conduction equation. The function of thermal sources in the heat conduction equation was calculated according to the results of measuring the pressure distribution in the focal region of the heating transducer. The experimental data obtained agree well with the results of simulation and demonstrate a fundamental possibility of using the proposed ultrasonic technique for remote temperature measurements.
Combining Structure-Based and 3D QSAR Pharmacophore Models to Discover Diverse Ligands Against EGFR in Oral Cancer (2022)

<b>Background:</b> Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) is a well-known hallmark of oral and oropharyngeal cancers, as its overexpression leads to poor prognosis and malignancy. The activating EGFR mutations (particularly T790M and L858R double mutant) are a major challenge causing drug resistance, especially in the treatment of oral cancers. <b>Methodology:</b> This paper is an effort to exploit both structure-based and ligand-based pharmacophore modeling to discover EGFR-TK inhibitors, which show inhibition of proliferation of erlotinib-resistant FaDu and Cal27 oral cancer cells. Interestingly, the hit compound <b>H2</b> also showed an effect on the downstream glucose and lactate metabolism pathways. <b>Conclusion:</b> The results indicate the potential of <b>H2</b> to be developed as an EGFR-based metabolic inhibitor for oral cancer treatment.
Ubiquitination of the Prototype Foamy Virus Envelope Glycoprotein Leader Peptide Regulates Subviral Particle Release (2005)

Foamy virus (FV) particle egress is unique among retroviruses because of its essential requirement for Gag and Env coexpression for budding and particle release. The FV glycoprotein undergoes a highly unusual biosynthesis resulting in the generation of three particle-associated, mature subunits, leader peptide (LP), surface (SU), and transmembrane (TM), derived from a precursor protein by posttranslational proteolysis mediated by furin or furinlike proteases. Previously at least three LP products of different molecular weights were detected in purified FV particles. Here we demonstrate that the higher-molecular-weight forms gp28LP and gp38LP are ubiquitinated variants of the major gp18LP cleavage product, which has a type II membrane topology. Furthermore, we show that all five lysine residues located within the N-terminal 60-amino-acid cytoplasmic domain of gp18LP can potentially be ubiquitinated, however, there seems to be a preference for using the first three. Inactivation of ubiquitination sites individually resulted in no obvious phenotype. However, simultaneous inactivation of the first three or all five ubiquitination sites in gp18LP led to a massive increase in subviral particles released by these mutant glycoproteins that were readily detectable by electron microscopy analysis upon expression of the ubiquitination-deficient glycoprotein by itself or in a proviral context. Surprisingly, only the quintuple ubiquitination mutant showed a two- to threefold increase in single-cycle infectivity assays, whereas all other mutants displayed infectivities similar to that of the wild type. Taken together, these data suggest that the balance between viral and subviral particle release of FVs is regulated by ubiquitination of the glycoprotein LP.
Comprehensive assessment of <i>PINK1</i> variants in Parkinson’s disease (2020)

Abstract Multiple genes have been associated with monogenic Parkinson’s disease and Parkinsonism syndromes. Mutations in PINK1 (PARK6) have been shown to result in autosomal recessive early onset Parkinson’s disease. In the past decade, several studies have suggested that carrying a single heterozygous PINK1 mutation is associated with increased risk for Parkinson’s disease. Here we comprehensively assess the role of PINK1 variants in Parkinson’s disease susceptibility using several large datasets totalling 376,558 individuals including: 13,708 Parkinson’s disease cases and 362,850 controls. After combining these data, we did not find evidence to support a role for heterozygous PINK1 mutations as a risk factor for Parkinson’s disease.
Monolithic, Bufferless AlGaSb Emitters on Si based on Interfacial Misfit Arrays (2006)

In this paper a monolithic, bufferless approach to III-V devices on Si substrates based on a self-assembled array of 90deg interfacial misfits (IMF) is discussed. This growth method, based on III-Sb, is fundamentally different from previously reported approaches since the strain energy due to the 13% lattice mismatch is fully and immediately relieved at the III-V interface rather than tetragonal distortion followed by defect formation as in III-As on Si
Circulating <scp>N</scp>‐cadherin levels are a negative prognostic indicator in patients with multiple myeloma (2013)

N-cadherin (cadherin 2, type 1, N-cadherin (neuronal); CDN2) is a homotypic adhesion molecule that is upregulated in breast, prostate and bladder cancer. Here we investigated the prognostic significance of upregulated N-cadherin expression in multiple myeloma (MM). Our results indicate that N-cadherin protein and gene expression is abnormally increased in trephine biopsies and CD38(++) /CD138(+) plasma cells from MM patients, when compared with those of normal donors. In addition, levels of circulating N-cadherin were elevated in a subset of patients with MM (n = 81; mean: 14·50 ng/ml, range: 0-146·78 ng/ml), relative to age-matched controls (n = 27; mean: 2·66 ng/ml, range: 0-5·96 ng/ml), although this did not reach statistical significance. Notably, patients with abnormally high levels of N-cadherin (>6 ng/ml) had decreased progression-free survival (P = 0·036; hazard ratio: 1·94) and overall survival (P = 0·002; hazard ratio: 3·15), when compared with patients with normal N-cadherin levels (≤6 ng/ml). Furthermore, multivariate analyses revealed that the combination of N-cadherin levels and International Staging System (ISS) was a more powerful prognostic indicator than using ISS alone. Collectively, our studies demonstrate that circulating N-cadherin levels are a viable prognostic marker for high-risk MM patients.
Analytical theory of four-wave mixing in semiconductor amplifiers (1994)

The analytical theory of four-wave mixing in semiconductor amplifiers is developed. The theory applies to arbitrary saturation conditions. If carrier depletion and spectral hole burning are considered, the conversion efficiency is the maximum at a total input power that produces a gain compression of e(-2) (approximately -9 dB), independently of the physical parameters of the amplifier.
Trastuzumab deruxtecan for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: DESTINY-Breast01 subgroup analysis. (2020)

1036 Background: Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd; DS-8201) is an antibody-drug conjugate composed of an anti-HER2 antibody, a cleavable linker, and a cytotoxic topoisomerase I inhibitor. In the pivotal DESTINY-Breast01 trial, efficacy of T-DXd in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (mBC) was demonstrated, with an objective response rate (ORR) of 60.9% and median progression-free survival (mPFS) of 16.4 months. Methods: DESTINY-Breast01 was a single-group, open-label, multicenter, phase II trial of 184 patients with HER2-positive mBC previously treated with trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) who received T-DXd at 5.4 mg/kg. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression models (ORR) and Cox proportional hazards models (duration of response [DOR], mPFS) explored 15 relevant clinical predictor variables. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was collected prior to the first dose, every 3 cycles of treatment, and at the end of treatment. Sequencing was done via GuardantOMNI (Guardant Health) for single-nucleotide variation/insertion and deletion, amplification, and fusion of ≈ 500 genes. Results: Efficacy in all evaluated clinical subgroups was similar to the overall ORR 60.9% and mPFS 16.4 months with ranges from ORR 46.4%-74.5% and mPFS 12.3-18.1 months. Variables associated with improved ORR, DOR, or mPFS included hormone receptor positive status, fewer prior treatment regimens (continuous variable), pertuzumab given in the first or second line, and normal renal and hepatic function. Variables that did not impact efficacy outcomes compared to the overall population include age, race, region, ECOG PS, HER2 IHC 3+ status, progesterone receptor status, best response to T-DM1, time since diagnosis, and history of brain metastases. In 48 subjects with progression as of data cut date, metastases were most commonly observed in the liver, lung, and lymph nodes. Only 8% (4 of 48) had progression involvement in the brain upon disease progression. Decrease of ERBB2 copy number in ctDNA was seen on treatment and correlated with clinical response. Additional changes in molecular markers on treatment and following progression will be described. Conclusions: T-DXd demonstrated strong efficacy in all clinical subgroups analyzed. Further exploration of both clinical and molecular variables to determine biomarkers of efficacy may be warranted. Clinical trial information: NCT03248492 .
Phase I study of ZD1839 plus temozolomide in patients with malignant glioma. A study of the North American Brain Tumor Consortium (2004)

1504 Background: To define the MTD of ZD1839 in combination with Temodar in patients with malignant glioma, without (Group A) or with (Group B) enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (EIAEDs). Methods: Eligible pts were > 17 years of age, had KPS ≥60 with stable or progressive malignant glioma, with acceptable laboratory baseline tests. Radiation was completed at least 3-weeks prior to registration. No more than 3 prior chemotherapy regimens allowed. Treatment: Patients started on a continuous dose of ZD1839 (day 1) beginning at 500 mg/day. Temodar started (day 8) at an oral dose of 150 mg/m2/day for 5 days after the ZD1839 and was repeated every 28 days. Temodar could be escalated to 200 mg/m2/day after cycle 1. DLT was defined as any grade 3 or greater non-hematological or any grade 4 hematological toxicity using CTC v 2.0 during the first 35 days of therapy. 3 patients per cohort (Group A or Group B) were enrolled. The dose of ZD 1839 was escalated by 250 mg increments assuming no DLT in each 3-patient group. If 1 DLT was seen in 3 patients, 3 additional patients were enrolled at that dose. The MTD was the dose level at which 0/3 or 1/6 patient experienced DLT with the next higher dose having at least 2/3 or 2/6 patients with DLT. Patients could continue treatment indefinitely until tumor progression or unacceptable toxicity. Results: 28 pts enrolled (12 in Group A, 16 in Group B); 20 had GBM, rest with grade-3 tumors; all had prior XRT, 9 were chemo naïve. For Group A pts, the MDT of ZD 1839 was 250 mg/day, one dose level lower than the starting dose. DLT's at 500 mg were grade 3 diarrhea and ALT elevations. There were no DLTs at 250 mg/day. For Group B pts, the MTD of ZD 1839 was 1000 mg/day. DLT's at 1250 mg included grade 3 diarrhea, vomiting, hyponatremia and weakness, and grade 4 hypokalemia. Skin rash was always ≤ Grade 2. Conclusion: The recommended phase-2 dose of ZD1839 plus Temodar in patients on EIAEDs is 1000 mg/day, and 250 mg/day for patients not on EIAEDs. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Joint MIMO Precoding and Computation Resource Allocation for Dual-Function Radar and Communication Systems With Mobile Edge Computing (2022)

In this paper, an integrated communication, radar sensing, and mobile-edge computing (CRMEC) architecture is developed, where user terminals (UTs) perform radar sensing and computation offloading simultaneously at the same spectrum by using multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) arrays and dual-function radar-communication techniques. We formulate a multi-objective optimization problem to jointly consider the performance of multi-UT MIMO radar beampattern design and computation offloading energy consumption while jointly optimizing individual transmit precoding for radar and communication and computation resource allocation. To address the optimization problem, we first decompose the it into three subproblems and adopt an iterative optimization algorithm. Specifically, quadratic transform based fractional programming methods are used to minimize the offloading energy consumption. The design objective of MIMO radar beampattern is handled by the first-order Taylor expansion. Transmit precoding is designed to optimize radar sensing and computation task offloading. The local and edge computation resource allocation are obtained in closed-form. Numerical results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms. The proposed CRMEC architecture can generate the desired multi-UT MIMO radar beampattern and perform computation offloading simultaneously.
Tackling gaps in developing life‐changing treatments for dementia (2019)

Since the G8 dementia summit in 2013, a number of initiatives have been established with the aim of facilitating the discovery of a disease-modifying treatment for dementia by 2025. This report is a summary of the findings and recommendations of a meeting titled "Tackling gaps in developing life-changing treatments for dementia", hosted by Alzheimer's Research UK in May 2018. The aim of the meeting was to identify, review, and highlight the areas in dementia research that are not currently being addressed by existing initiatives. It reflects the views of leading experts in the field of neurodegeneration research challenged with developing a strategic action plan to address these gaps and make recommendations on how to achieve the G8 dementia summit goals. The plan calls for significant advances in (1) translating newly identified genetic risk factors into a better understanding of the impacted biological processes; (2) enhanced understanding of selective neuronal resilience to inform novel drug targets; (3) facilitating robust and reproducible drug-target validation; (4) appropriate and evidence-based selection of appropriate subjects for proof-of-concept clinical trials; (5) improving approaches to assess drug-target engagement in humans; and (6) innovative approaches in conducting clinical trials if we are able to detect disease 10-15 years earlier than we currently do today.
Self/non‐self discrimination and the problem of keeping T cells alive (2007)

Burnet appreciated the requirement for self/non-self discrimination and presciently postulated elimination of auto-aggressive cells during early life. He could not have known that, for T cells, a limited degree of autoreactivity is beneficial for the immune system. Here, we review evidence that recognition of self-components keeps T cells alive and regulates self-tolerance.
Unbiased Spectral Estimation and System Identification Using Short-Time Spectral Analysis Methods (1979)

The methods of system identification and spectral analysis are well documented in the literature. In this paper, we attempt to merge the methods of least-square system identification and short-time Fourier transform spectral estimation. Starting from the least-squares normal equations for a linear system identification problem and expanding the signals in short-time Fourier transforms, we derive a Toeplitz system of equations, the solution of which approximates the original least-squares equation solution. We then bound the error norm between the two solution methods and show the properties of the error by numerical methods. The resulting “spectral” estimation method is shown to completely remove the bias normally associated with previously proposed spectral estimation procedures. The method appears to be particularly useful when one is interested in linear system identification of very large systems (long impulses response) or for system identification in the presence of nonstationary (eg., hurst) noise. Extensive numerical results are included.
Effect of methods of myopia correction on visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and depth of focus (2003)

Neither surgical techniques nor contact lenses resulted in BCVA or best corrected contrast sensitivity that surpassed the values measured in the best corrected spectacles groups. The Artisan claw lens performed better than LASIK in UCVA, predictability, and best corrected contrast sensitivity.