gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Brucella spp. Lumazine Synthase Induces a TLR4-Mediated Protective Response against B16 Melanoma in Mice (2015)

Brucella Lumazine Synthase (BLS) is a highly immunogenic decameric protein which can accept the fusion of foreign proteins at its ten N-termini. These chimeras are very efficient to elicit systemic and oral immunity without adjuvants. BLS signaling via Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) regulates innate and adaptive immune responses, inducing dendritic cell maturation and CD8(+) T-cell cytotoxicity. In this work we study the effect induced by BLS in TLR4-expressing B16 melanoma. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of BLS as a preventive vaccine, C57BL/6J mice were immunized with BLS or BLS-OVA, and 35 days later were subcutaneously inoculated with B16-OVA melanoma. BLS or BLS-OVA induced a significant inhibition of tumor growth, and 50% of mice immunized with the highest dose of BLS did not develop visible tumors. This effect was not observed in TLR4-deficient mice. For treatment experiments, mice were injected with BLS or BLS-OVA 2 days after the inoculation of B16 cells. Both treatments induced significant and equal tumor growth delay and increased survival. Moreover, BLS and BLS-OVA stimulation were also effective in TLR4-deficient mice. In order to study whether BLS has a direct effect on tumor cells, B16 cells were preincubated with BLS, and after 48h, cells were inoculated. Tumors induced by BLS-stimulated cells had inhibited growth and survival was increased. In the BLS group, 40% of mice did not develop tumors. This effect was abolished by the addition of TLR4/MD2 blocking antibody to cells before BLS stimulation. Our work demonstrates that BLS immunization induces a preventive antitumor response that depends on mice TLR4. We also show that BLS generates a therapeutic effect in mice inoculated with B16 cells. Our results show that BLS acts directly in cultured tumor cells via TLR4, highly suggesting that BLS elicits its therapeutic effects acting on the TLR4 from B16 melanoma cells.
Letter to the Editor: Trans-upper-sternal Approach to the Cervicothoracic Junction (2009)

To the Editor: We write regarding the recent publication of Liu et al. [1]. The technique they describe closely resembles one we described in 2002 [3]. (Figure 2 in the article by Liu et al. showing the sternal incision is similar to Figure 2 in our article.) Although Liu et al. included our publication in the list of references, they only mentioned points we discussed in our literature review and did not make appropriate reference to the surgical approach and technique we described. In addition, their article was published previously in the Symbol (Orthopedic Journal of China) as Symbol (Surgical treatment of the spine at the cervicothoracic junction through the trans-upper-sternal approach) [2]. At that time we voiced similar concerns to the authors and editor-in-chief of that journal. The reply we received was far from satisfactory.SymbolSymbolWe are disappointed that Liu et al. decided to publish this article a second time in an international journal without proper acknowledgement of our paper and their previously published work. Although this publication in CORR may not constitute plagiarism of their earlier article, we believe our publication should have been appropriately acknowledged in their article so readers would not be misled to believe this is a novel approach from Liu et al.
Absence of a pressure-induced structural phase transition in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ti</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Al</mml:mi></mml:math>up to 25 GPa (2000)

Experimental high-pressure studies of titanium aluminide $({\mathrm{Ti}}_{3}\mathrm{Al})$ have been carried out under quasihydrostatic and nonhydrostatic conditions up to a pressure of 25 GPa using an in situ powder x-ray diffraction technique. The experiments were complemented by first-principles total energy calculations. The experimental equation of state for three samples with different compositions was fitted using the Birch-Murnaghan equation. The obtained parameters agree very well with theoretical results. In the studied pressure range neither experiment nor theory observed any pressure-induced structural phase transition. In particular, the phase transition from the ${\mathrm{DO}}_{19}$ $({\mathrm{Ni}}_{3}\mathrm{Sn}$ type) structure of ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{3}\mathrm{Al}$ to ${\mathrm{DO}}_{24}$ $({\mathrm{Ni}}_{3}\mathrm{Ti}$ type) structure, reported earlier by Sahu et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1054 (1997)] is not confirmed in our study. Possible reasons for the discrepancy are analyzed.
Rate-based Modelling of CO 2 Absorption with Sandwich Packings (2018)

The efficiency of fluid separation processes can be enhanced by the application of sandwich packings (SPs). They consist of two alternating layers of industrially available standard packings with different specific surface areas, one with lower (the so-called holdup layer, HL) and another with higher (the so-called de-entrainment layer, DL) capacity. SPs are typically used at operating conditions between the flooding points of HL and DL. Above the HL, a froth sub-layer is formed, which reveals high separation efficiency due to intensified phase contact. In a collaborative project, the effects of the individual flow regimes on fluid dynamics and mass transfer are being investigated, both experimentally and theoretically. In order to identify the impact of the individual flow regimes, experiments in an absorption/desorption plant are supplemented by flow imaging measurements. This paper focuses on a rate-based model, in which the heterogeneous flow patterns in SPs are considered via appropriate correlations. In order to validate this model, we measured CO2 absorption characteristics under the influence of different operating and design parameters and compared them with the simulation results.
2,8-Dihydroxyadenine Urolithiasis: Report of an Adult Case in the United States (1987)

2,8-Dihydroxyadeninuria is a rare purine metabolic disorder that has been reported to have caused urolithiasis in 14 cases, mostly children. Excretion of the hydroxylated metabolites of adenine results from a deficiency of adenine phosphoribosyltransferase. The insoluble calculi have a similar chemical structure to uric acid and frequently are misdiagnosed as uric acid calculi. Management differs from that of uric acid urolithiasis. We report on an adult with 2,8-dihydroxyadenine urolithiasis in the United States.
Functional and Molecular Aspects of Voltage‐Gated K<sup>+</sup> Channel β Subunits (1999)

Voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) of the Shaker-related superfamily are assembled from membrane-integrated alpha subunits and auxiliary beta subunits. The beta subunits may increase Kv channel surface expression and/or confer A-type behavior to noninactivating Kv channels in heterologous expression systems. The interaction of Kv alpha and Kv beta subunits depends on the presence or absence of several domains including the amino-terminal N-type inactivating and NIP domains and the Kv alpha and Kv beta binding domains. Loss of function of Kv beta 1.1 subunits leads to a reduction of A-type Kv channel activity in hippocampal and striatal neurons of knock-out mice. This reduction may be correlated with altered cognition and motor control in the knock-out mice.
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering for magnetic semiconductor ZnSe:Fe hybrid structures (2002)

Micro-Raman spectroscopy has been carried out on hybrid systems consisting of magnetic Fe and Co nanoclusters immersed in a semiconductor ZnSe host. The experimental results clearly reveal surface-enhanced Raman scattering for the ZnSe matrix phonon modes. The intensity enhancement correlates with the Fe content and sample morphology. Enhancement factors of up to about one order were achieved, as compared to the pure ZnSe sample.
Solvent isotope effects on formation of protease complexes with inhibitory aldehydes (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolvent isotope effects on formation of protease complexes with inhibitory aldehydesRoger Bone and Richard WolfendenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 16, 4772–4777Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00302a028RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (826 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Thermal and mechanical properties of silane‐grafted water crosslinked polyethylene (2005)

Abstract The effects of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) grafting with vinyltrimethoxysilane by different types and contents of peroxide were studied. When grafting silane onto LLDPE, with 0.10 phr of Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) or 0.05 phr content of 2,5‐Dimethyl‐2,5‐di (tert‐butyl‐peroxy)‐hexane (DHBP), it was found that the grafting effect was improved; however, as Di(2‐tert‐butylperoxypropyl ‐(2))‐benzene (DIPP) or excess DHBP was used, LLDPE was supposed to cause self‐crosslinking, which reduced the grafting effect of silane and was invalid in the processing of extrusion. In this study, vinyl trimethoxysilane (VTMS) was grafted onto various polyethylenes (HDPE, LLDPE, and LDPE) using DCP as an initiator in a twin screw extruder. The grafted polyethylenes were able to crosslink utilizing water as the crosslinking agent. The effects of varied crosslinking time on the mechanical properties of the crosslinked polyethylenes were studied. It was found that the HDPE and LLDPE were apt to crosslink during the grafting process and thus decreased the grafting ratio. Multiple melting behavior was observed for crosslinked LDPE and LLDPE. Mechanical and thermal properties of the crosslinked PE are much better than that of uncrosslinked PE. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 2383–2391, 2005
Swimming ability and flagellar motility of sperm packets of the volvocine green alga <i>Pleodorina starrii</i> (2023)

Eukaryotic flagella collectively form metachronal waves that facilitate the ability to cause flow or swim. Among such flagellated and planktonic swimmers, large volvocine genera such as Eudorina , Pleodorina and Volvox form bundles of small male gametes (sperm) called "sperm packets" for sexual reproduction. Although these sperm packets reportedly have flagella and the ability to swim, previous studies on volvocine motility have focused on asexual forms and the swimming characteristics of sperm packets remain unknown. However, it is important to quantify the motility of sperm packets and sperm in order to gain insights into the significance of motility in the sexual reproduction of planktonic algae. In this study, we quantitatively described the behavior of three flagellated forms of a male strain of Pleodorina starrii [mdash]asexual colonies, sperm packets, and single dissociated sperm[mdash]with emphasis on comparison of the two multicellular forms. Despite being smaller, sperm packets swam approximately 1.4 times faster than the asexual colonies of the same male strain. Body length was approximately 0.5 times smaller in the sperm packets than in asexual colonies. The flagella from sperm packets and asexual colonies showed asymmetric waveforms, whereas those from dissociated single sperm showed symmetric waveforms, suggesting the presence of a switching mechanism between sperm packets and dissociated sperm. Flagella from sperm packets were approximately 0.5 times shorter and had a beat period approximately twice as long as those from asexual colonies. The flagella of sperm packets were densely distributed over the anterior part of the body, whereas the flagella of asexual colonies were sparse and evenly distributed. The distribution of flagella, but not the number of flagella, appear to illustrate a significant difference in the speeds of sperm packets and asexual colonies. Our findings reveal novel aspects of the regulation of eukaryotic flagella and shed light on the role of flagellar motility in sexual reproduction of planktonic algae.
Abstract P149: Distinct Profiles of Brain Medullary Metabolites Detected by <sup>1</sup> H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Correlate with Indices of Autonomic Function and Visceral Fat in Healthy Adults (2015)

Higher forebrain myoinositol (mIns), a marker of glial inflammation/proliferation as detected by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), correlates with systemic inflammation. Elevated circulating markers of inflammation are associated with lower baroreceptor reflex sensitivity (BRS) and heart rate variability (HRV) as well as visceral fat or central obesity. To determine whether transmitters/metabolites in a cardiovascularly (CV) relevant brain region correlate with age-related declines in BRS and HRV and markers of abdominal fat, autonomic profiles were determined by spectral and sequence analysis from continuous blood pressure and HR values in the supine position of healthy subjects 22 - 76 yrs old (12F, 4M); subjects later underwent a single voxel (10 x 7 x 20mm) proton MRS scan of dorsal medulla on a 3T magnet (n = 11; 9F, 2M) and measures of abdominal fat by computerized tomography (CT) (n = 9; 7F,2M). The mean arterial pressure was 88 ± 3 mm Hg, HR 64 ± 3 beats/min and BMI 27 ± 1 kg/m 2 . Glutamate (Glu) correlated directly with vagal (HF RRI r = 0.72, p &lt; 0.02) and inversely with sympathetic (LF RRI r = -0.72, p &lt; 0.02) control of HR. Markers of Glu metabolism and neuronal integrity/activity, N-acetyl-aspartate acid (NAA) + N-acetyl aspartyl glutamate (NAAG), did not correlate with age, but did correlate inversely with BRS (Seq ALL: r = -0.69, P &lt; 0.02), HRV (rMSSD: r = -0.76, p &lt; 0.008) and directly with HR (r = 0.68, p &lt; 0.03). Total visceral fat had a negative correlation with BRS (Seq Up: r = -0.70, p &lt; 0.02). mIns and markers of demyelination and reduced axonal integrity such as Glycerophosphocholine (GPC) and total choline containing compounds (GPC+PCh) exhibited striking positive correlations with percent visceral fat (r = 0.97, 0.81 and 0.82, P &lt; 0.02). BMI and GPC correlated with HR (r = 0.55, 0.72, p &lt; 0.04), but neither these nor mIns or choline compounds correlated with autonomic function. Thus, in healthy adults, Glu concentration in dorsal medulla directly correlates with cardiac vagal function, whereas markers of Glu metabolism inversely correlate with BRS and HRV. In contrast, markers of glial inflammation directly associate with increases in visceral adiposity, but not autonomic dysfunction. P30-AG21332, Farley Hudson, Hypertension &amp; Vasc Res Ctr
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Olefin Metathesis Catalysts (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Energy absorption in composite materials for crashworthy structures (1987)

Crash energy-absorption processes in composite materials have been studied as part of a research program aimed at the development of energy absorbing subfloor beams for crashworthy military helicopters. Based on extensive tests on glass/epoxy, graphite/epoxy, and Kevlar/epoxy composites, it is shown that the energy-absorption characteristics and crushing modes of composite beams are similar to those exhibited by tubular specimens of similar material and architecture. The crushing mechanisms have been determined and related to the mechanical properties of the constituent materials and specimen architecture. A simple and accurate method for predicting the energy-absorption capability of composite beams has been developed.
LP-TRAPs in all senses (2007)

This report describes additional experiments with LP-TRAPs -- speech features derived from autoregressive model applied to approximate temporal evolution of speech spectra in critical band-sized frequency sub-bands. The importance of free parameters, such as order model, length of the approximated temporal pattern, compression factor, or number of resulting cepstral coefficients, is investigated and evaluated using TANDEM-ASR approach.
Impact of Hiatal Hernia on Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (2015)

Objectives: To identify the frequency of hiatal hernia (HH) and the impact of HH size in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Methods: Outpatient records were retrospectively reviewed in children ages 0-17 years old, diagnosed clinically with GERD. HH was diagnosed based on an upper gastrointestinal (UGI) series and HH body was characterized as either small (<2 cm) or large (≥2 cm). For patients who underwent an upper endoscopy, presence and severity of esophagitis was diagnosed with esophageal biopsies and correlated with size of HH. Results: There were 155 children diagnosed clinically with GERD who underwent an UGI. HH was diagnosed in 80 (51%) children via UGI (mean age 7.5 y, 32 female, 48 male). Small HH was observed in 60 children (75%; mean age 7 y, 25 female, 35 male) and large HH in 20 (25%; mean age 3.2 y, 7 female, 13 male). Erosive esophagitis was uncommon in children with HH. Abdominal pain, chest pain and heartburn were commonly reported chief complaints in children (age >5yr) with a large HH. Children with large HH were more frequently found to fail medications and require Nissen fundoplication than those with a small HH (p=0.032). Conclusions: Children with GERD had high frequency of HH based on UGI. Children with large HH required significantly more anti-reflux surgery than those with small HH. A larger scale longitudinal prospective study is needed to further investigate the impact of HH on GERD complications and the effects of therapy.
Genotypic and pheno-metabolomic characterization of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain collection (2011)

The objective of the present work was to gain a deeper understanding of the phenotypic diversity of natural isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, using high-throughput methods in combination with bioanalytical data. A S. cerevisiae strain collection was constituted comprising 187 strains from different geographical origins and technological uses. Some microsatellite alleles and phenotypes were identified as responsible for the highest strain variability. All strains were used for fermentation with white grapes must, and final fermentation products were analysed using fiber optics spectroscopy and bioanalytical quantification. Inter-strain aromatic profiles (primary fermentation products, higher alcohols, esters, fatty acids) were discriminated by HPLC and GC-MS. Relating the metabolic signature of the strains with phenotypic and genetic data by computational analysis is a pre-requisite to obtain a holistic overview of yeast pheno-metabolomics.
ChemInform Abstract: DOUBLE FRIEDEL‐CRAFTS REACTION BETWEEN CHLOROMETHYLTRICHLOROSILANE AND BENZENE. PRACTICAL SYNTHESIS OF P‐BIS(TRIMETHYLSILYLMETHYL)BENZENE (1977)

Abstract Erhitzen von Benzol mit dem Silan (I) in Gegenwart von AlCl 3 ergibt neben ca. 10% des Monosubstitutionsprodukts die noch nicht beschriebenen isomeren Bis‐(trichlorsi1ylmethyl)‐ benzole (II).
Advice for early-career peer reviewers and authors responding to peer reviews (2016)

The peer-review system, despite its flaws, is a central component of the publication process. However, relatively little guidance is provided for early-career scientists on 2 important aspects of peer review: 1) writing effective peer reviews and 2) responding effectively to reviews of a manuscript. In this editorial, I discuss the peer review process briefly and provide the rationale and context for the 2 editorials that follow it. This series of editorials is a first step toward encouraging and mentoring students and early career scientists as they become engaged professionals.
MOSFET series resistance extraction at cryogenic temperatures (2022)

Abstract A series resistance extraction method proposed recently, which uses multiple drain current versus gate voltage curves at varied drain voltages, was applied to bulk CMOS devices at low temperatures down to 4 K. A moderate reduction of series resistance compared with 300 K was found. Horizontal field dependence of mobility significantly changed with temperature, which was taken into account during the extraction. Anomalous non-linear series resistance was observed at 4 K only for p-channel FETs, suggesting the need for careful source/drain overlap design for low temperature operations.
Farmers’ Perceptions to Community-Based Breeding Programs: A Case Study for Doyogena Sheep in Ethiopia (2022)

Background and Objective: In 2012/13 the Doyogena sheep Community-Based Breeding Program (CBBP) have been adopted to improve Doyogena sheep. The present study aims to investigate the attitudes, opinions and perceptions of smallholder farmers on the Community-Based Breeding Programs (CBBPs). Materials and Methods: The survey data were collected from 236 households of 118 CBBPs participant farmers and 118 non-participant sheep-keeping farmers. The survey data were analyzed using an index and SPSS. Results: The evaluation result revealed that CBBP is acceptable and workable in the community. After the intervention of CBBP, a greater number of sheep were sold and participant farmers realized a high average annual income. The direct participation of smallholder farmers in CBBP is on an increasing trend. There was evidence of improvement in the growth performance of lambs, twining rate, decrease in lamb mortality and shorting of lambing interval. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the genetic improvement of Doyogena sheep under CBBPs was successful and the program satisfies the farmers. Therefore, there is an opportunity to out scaled the new sites and strengthen the existing sites for further improvements.
Impact of optical amplifiers on lightwave communications (1991)

The advent of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers has made economical low-noise, and wide-band optical amplification in the low loss 1.5-p.m wavelength region a reality. This fact is causing a revolution in thinking about lightwave communication systems. The longest optical spans in commercial use today are &lt;100 km, but, using these amplifiers, systems spanning the oceans without electronic regeneration are under development. Perhaps even more revolutionary will be the impact of these amplifiers on terrestrial long-haul and short distance communications. New systems architectures, which were impossible with electronic regeneration, can now be considered. Multiple channels at different wavelengths can be used, since the channels need only be separated at the ends of the system, compared to demultiplexing and regenerating every 40 km in a conventional system. In networks, the loss of components used for optical switching and signal routing can be compensated with amplifiers. We can anticipate a large increase in the available capacity and sophistication of optical communications. An important challenge lies in discovering new ways of using this resource.