gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Presence of orally administered rice bran oil γ-oryzanol in its intact form in mouse plasma (2016)

Although the beneficial effects (e.g., lipid-lowering activity) of γ-oryzanol (OZ), a mixture of ferulic acid esters of plant sterols and triterpene alcohols, have been extensively investigated, few studies have evaluated the absorption and metabolism of OZ. Moreover, it is unclear whether OZ, once ingested, is directly absorbed by the intestine into the bloodstream at a sufficient level to exhibit activity. Here, we prepared OZ concentrate from purified rice bran oil (Rice Oil OZ), determined the concentration of OZ in the preparation (cycloartenyl ferulate equivalent concentration; 52.2%), and then carried out chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of plasma samples from mice after oral administration of Rice Oil OZ. The OZ concentrations of plasma from the control (vehicle-treated) mice were low (trace levels); however, at 5 h after a single oral administration of the Rice Oil OZ (600 mg per kg body weight), the levels significantly increased, reaching 17.6 ng mL<sup>-1</sup> for cycloartenyl ferulate, 28.2 ng mL<sup>-1</sup> for 24-methylenecycloartanyl ferulate isomers, 15.6 ng mL<sup>-1</sup> for campesteryl ferulate, and 5.1 ng mL<sup>-1</sup> for β-sitosteryl ferulate, respectively, expressed in equivalence of cycloartenyl ferulate in plasma. These results provided the first mass spectrometric evidence suggesting that a portion of orally administered OZ is directly absorbed by the intestine and is present in the intact form in plasma. The presence of a significant amount of OZ in its intact form in plasma may explain the beneficial effects of OZ in vivo.
Outcomes of patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation and congestive heart failure (2019)

Although corrective TVS is associated with better outcomes in patients with severe TR and CHF, a substantial number of them continue to be medically managed. However, since the reasons for patients not being referred to surgery could not be ascertained, further randomised studies are needed to validate our findings before clinicians can consider surgical referral for these patients.
Tuning diastereoisomerism in platinum(<scp>ii</scp>) phosphino- and aminothiolato hydrido complexes (2017)

Tuning between the<italic>cis</italic>and<italic>trans</italic>Pt(<sc>ii</sc>) based complexes bearing phosphinothiolato and aminothiolato ligands.
Factors That Limit the Performance of CO<sub>2</sub> Electrolyzers (2017)

Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) electrolysis provides a pathway to turn waste CO 2 into valuable fuels and chemicals but most previous efforts demonstrate low selectivity, high overpotential and low rates for the targeted products. In recent work Dioxide Materials has been using Sustainion™ imidazolium functionalized membranes and ionomers to improve the performance. Runs at a fixed current density of 200 mA/cm 2 showed that one can maintain 98% selectivity for six months at about 3 V applied potential, with a voltage increase of only 5 µV/hour. Other runs showed stable performance at 400 and 600 mA/cm². Present areas for improvement of the technology include a better understanding of the processes that are occurring on the cathode catalysts, improving response to process upsets, developing cell designs that can be scaled to the m 2 size and alternates to iridium as an anode catalyst. Initial work on these issues will be discussed.
INTERSPEECH 2013, Fourth Workshop on Speech and Language Processing for Assistive Technologies (SLPAT2013) (2013)

International audience
A comparison of two pipeline organizations (1994)

We examine two pipeline structures which are employed in commercial microprocessors. The first is the load-use interlock (LUI) pipeline, which employs an interlock to ensure correct operation during load-use hazards. The second is the address-generation interlock (AGI) pipeline. It eliminates the load-use hazard, but has an address-generation hazard which requires an address-generation interlock for correct operation. We compare the performance of these two pipelines on existing binaries and on applications which have been recompiled with a local code scheduler that understands the difference in the pipeline structures. When branch prediction is more than 80% accurate and the data cache access time is greater than two cycles, the AGI pipeline performs significantly better than the LUI pipeline on existing binaries. Recompiling the benchmarks with a new local code scheduler provides little additional performance improvement.
New oxide phase Cd1−<i>x</i>Y<i>x</i>Sb2O6 with a wide band gap and high electrical conductivity (1993)

It was initially found that CdSb2O6, in which a small part of the Cd ions was substituted with Y ions, has characteristics of a transparent conductor. The electrical conductivity at room temperature of the Y-substituted CdSb2O6 ceramic was larger, by at least 1×100 S cm−1, while that of the nonsubstituted CdSb2O6 was smaller than 10−5 S cm−1. The optical band gap of CdSb2O6 was found to be larger than 4.1 eV by the measurements of diffuse reflectance spectra.
[Insertion of intrauterine device in general practice. Which women choose the IUD, and how is the procedure done?]. (2001)

IUD was mainly used by women, who had given birth to a child. The gestagen releasing IUD was mostly used by the elder group and by women with heavy bleedings before insertion. The procedure was very identical and the number of abandoned and difficult insertions were low and only related to the type of IUD. More female than male doctors participated. Doctors working in partnerships participated more frequently than doctors working alone.
Budesonide Use in Pediatric Crohn Disease (2012)

BUD is being used among pediatric patients newly diagnosed as having CD, although the majority does not have disease limited to the IAC. BUD monotherapy was rare, and further data are required to better define the role of BUD in the treatment of pediatric CD.
Mediation of Opioid Analgesia by a Truncated Six Transmembrane G‐Protein‐Coupled Receptor (2015)

Potent opioid analgesics lacking side‐effects may be possible by targeting truncated mu receptor splice variants. Mu opioids act through G‐protein coupled receptors generated from the mu opioid receptor ( Oprm1 ) gene which undergoes extensive alternative splicing. The most abundant set of variants encode classical full‐length 7 transmembrane domain (TM) mu opioid receptors that mediate the actions of the traditional mu drugs morphine and methadone. In contrast, IBNtxA (3‐iodobenzoyl‐6β‐naltrexamide) is a potent analgesic against thermal, inflammatory and neuropathic pain whose actions are independent of the 7TM mu opioid receptors and lost in a knockout mouse lacking a set of 6TM truncated mu receptor splice variants. Unlike traditional opioids, IBNtxA has no respiratory depression, physical dependence or reward behavior, suggesting it acts through a novel mu opioid receptor target. Here we demonstrate that a truncated 6TM splice variant, mMOR‐1G, can rescue IBNtxA analgesia in a mu opioid receptor knockout mouse lacking all Oprm1 splice variants due to disruptions of both exons 1 and 11. No mu opioids were active in these mice. A lentivirus containing the 6TM variant mMOR‐1G administered intrathecally restored IBNtxA, but not morphine, analgesia, confirming that a truncated 6TM GPCR is both necessary and sufficient for IBNtxA analgesia. This work was supported by the NIH with grants from NIDA (DA013997 and DA02944) to Y‐X.P. and (DA06241 and DA07242) to G.W.P. and a core grant from the NCI to MSKCC (CA08748).
The gut virome in Irritable Bowel Syndrome differs from that of controls (2021)

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), the most common gastrointestinal disorder, is diagnosed solely on symptoms. Potentially diagnostic alterations in the bacterial component of the gut microbiome (the bacteriome) are associated with IBS, but despite the known role of the virome (particularly bacteriophages), in shaping the gut bacteriome, few studies have investigated the virome in IBS. We performed metagenomic sequencing of fecal Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) from 55 patients with IBS and 51 control individuals. We detected significantly lower alpha diversity of viral clusters comprising both known and novel viruses (viral 'dark matter') in IBS and a significant difference in beta diversity compared to controls, but not between IBS symptom subtypes. The three most abundant bacteriophage clusters belonged to the <i>Siphoviridae, Myoviridae</i>, and <i>Podoviridae</i> families (Order <i>Caudovirales</i>). A core virome (defined as a cluster present in at least 50% of samples) of 5 and 12 viral clusters was identified in IBS and control subjects, respectively. We also identified a subset of viral clusters that showed differential abundance between IBS and controls. The virome did not co-vary significantly with the bacteriome, with IBS clinical subtype, or with Bile Acid Malabsorption status. However, differences in the virome could be related back to the bacteriome as analysis of CRISPR spacers indicated that the virome alterations were at least partially related to the alterations in the bacteriome. We found no evidence for a shift from lytic to lysogenic replication of core viral clusters, a phenomenon reported for the gut virome of patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Collectively, our data show alterations in the virome of patients with IBS, regardless of clinical subtype, which may facilitate development of new microbiome-based therapeutics.
Modeling Character Canvases from Cartoon Drawings (2015)

We introduce a novel technique for the construction of a 3D character proxy, or canvas , directly from a 2D cartoon drawing and a user-provided correspondingly posed 3D skeleton. Our choice of input is motivated by the observation that traditional cartoon characters are well approximated by a union of generalized surface of revolution body parts, anchored by a skeletal structure. While typical 2D character contour drawings allow ambiguities in 3D interpretation, our use of a 3D skeleton eliminates such ambiguities and enables the construction of believable character canvases from complex drawings. Our canvases conform to the 2D contours of the input drawings, and are consistent with the perceptual principles of Gestalt continuity, simplicity, and contour persistence. We first segment the input 2D contours into individual body-part outlines corresponding to 3D skeletal bones using the Gestalt continuation principle to correctly resolve inter-part occlusions in the drawings. We then use this segmentation to compute the canvas geometry, generating 3D generalized surfaces of revolution around the skeletal bones that conform to the original outlines and balance simplicity against contour persistence. The combined method generates believable canvases for characters drawn in complex poses with numerous inter-part occlusions, variable contour depth, and significant foreshortening. Our canvases serve as 3D geometric proxies for cartoon characters, enabling unconstrained 3D viewing, articulation, and non-photorealistic rendering. We validate our algorithm via a range of user studies and comparisons to ground-truth 3D models and artist-drawn results. We further demonstrate a compelling gallery of 3D character canvases created from a diverse set of cartoon drawings with matching 3D skeletons.
Cost-effective technology choice in a decarbonized and diversified long-haul truck transportation sector: A U.S. case study (2021)

Achieving net-zero emissions by 2050 will require accelerated efforts that include decarbonizing long-haul truck transportation. In this difficult-to-decarbonize, low-margin industry, economic transparency on technology options is vital for decision makers seeking to eliminate emissions. Battery electric (BET) and hydrogen fuel cell electric trucks (FCET) can represent emission-free alternatives to diesel-powered trucks (DT). Previous studies focus on cost competitiveness in weight-constrained transportation even though logistics research shows that significant shares of transportation are constrained by volume, and analyze cost only for selected technologies, hence impeding a differentiated market segmentation of future emission-free trucks. In this study, the perspective of a rational investor is taken and it is shown that, under current conditions in the U.S., BETs outperform FCETs in various long-haul use cases despite charging times and cargo deficits, and will further increase their technological competitiveness to DTs. While future energy and fueling prices are decisive for BET competitiveness, the analysis reveals that autonomous driving may change the picture in favor of FCETs.
Hypoxia during bronchoalveolar lavage (1990)

The aim of this study was to determine the degree and duration of hypoxaemia during bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and to examine the effect of supplemental oxygen on this response. Transcutaneous oxygen tension (PO2) was recorded continuously in 22 patients having bronchoscopy alone (Group 1), and during BAL in patients with a variety of connective tissue disorders. Thirty eight of these patients were breathing room air (Group 2) and 28 were given supplemental oxygen (Group 3). The mean fall in PO2 in Group 1 was 12 +/- 3 mmHg and the PO2 in these subjects rose promptly to the initial value once the bronchoscopy was finished. The mean falls in Groups 2 and 3 were 24 +/- 4 and 32 +/- 5 mmHg and the mean times taken for the PO2 values to return to baseline after the procedure were 47 +/- 9 and 53 +/- 10 minutes respectively. The PO2 fell to less than 60 mmHg in 76% of the patients in Group 2 but in only 25% of those in Group 3. It is recommended that supplemental oxygen be given to all patients having BAL during and for one hour after the procedure and that oxygenation be monitored continuously throughout the bronchoscopy. Arterial blood gases should be always measured prior to bronchoscopy and BAL. In those cases where it is not possible to maintain the PaO2 at 70 mmHg or more the procedure should be undertaken with great care and with due consideration of the risk of the hypoxaemia that may occur.
ChemInform Abstract: NOVEL SYNTHESIS OF PRETETRAMID (1980)

Abstract Entsprechend dem Formelschema kann die im Titel genannte Verbindung (VII) dargestellt werden.
Liquid Crystals for Adaptive Optics (1995)

Adaptive optics components have been used for almost twenty years without major modifications of the basic hardware. Problems connected with cost, power consumption and reliability have pushed several groups to start, investigating the possibility of using different technologies. Of the many technologies under investigation two, in our opinion, demonstrate a high possibility of being an alternative to conventional adaptive mirrors. They are liquid crystal spatial light modulators and and micro-machined mirrors. The USAF Phillips Laboratory, is investigating both these technologies, however here we report, on the results of the liquid crystal work, which has a slightly longer history and more maturity.
High intake of folic acid disrupts embryonic development in mice (2010)

Our study suggests that high folate intake may have adverse effects on fetal mouse development and that maternal MTHFR deficiency may improve or rescue some of the adverse outcomes. These findings underscore the need for additional studies on the potential negative impact of high folate intake during pregnancy.
A transcript from the long terminal repeats of a murine retrovirus associated with trans activation of cellular genes (1995)

Infection of human or murine cells with murine leukemia viruses rapidly increases the expression of a number of genes that belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily and are involved in T-lymphocyte activation, including the class I major histocompatibility complex antigens. We have reported recently that the long terminal repeat (LTR) of Moloney murine leukemia virus encodes a trans activator which induces transcription and expression of class I major histocompatibility complex genes and certain cytokine genes. The portion of the LTR responsible for trans activation was mapped by deletions to lie within the U3 region. We demonstrate here that a transcript is initiated within the U3 region and that its presence correlates with the trans-activating activity. Analysis of the LTR region reveals a potential internal promoter element for RNA polymerase III transcription within the U3 region. Studies with polymerase inhibitors suggest that this LTR transcript, designated let (LTR-encoded trans activator), is a product of RNA polymerase III. The mechanisms whereby RNA leukemia viruses cause lymphoid neoplasia after a long latent period have been extensively studied but are only partially understood. The region of the LTR identified here as being important in trans activation has recently been shown to be a critical determinant of the leukemogenicity and latency of Moloney murine leukemia virus. These findings suggest a novel mechanism of retrovirus-induced activation of cellular gene expression, potentially contributing to leukemogenesis.
Strategies for preparation of oligonucleotide biochips and their applications (2009)

In the last few years, DNA-microarray technology has emerged as a powerful tool for gene discovery, detection of mutations, and mapping. Here, we have developed a simple and efficient single-step method for immobilization of phosphoryl-, mercaptoalkyl-, thiophosphoryl- and aminooxyalkylated oligonucleotides onto an epoxylated glass surface. It resulted in higher immobilization and hybridization efficiency in comparison to those obtained with the standard method. The probes immobilized were found to be stable over a range of temperature and pH, suggesting that the chemistry could be used in integrated PCR/microarray devices. Also the immobilized spots were found to be of superior quality in terms of spot morphology, homogeneity and signal reproducibility. The constructed microarrays were successfully used for the discrimination of nucleotide mismatches and detection of bacterial diseases.
Replication of DNA Containing Apurinic Sites in Human and Mouse Cells Probed With Parvoviruses MVM and H-1 (1987)

We studied the effect of apurinic sites on DNA replication in mouse and human cells, using parvoviruses MVM (minute virus of mice) and H-1 as probes. Although apurinic sites are efficient blocks to the replication of these single-stranded DNA viruses in vivo, depurinated parvoviruses can be reactivated if host cells have been preexposed to a subtoxic dose of UV light. The target of this conditional reactivation process is the conversion of depurinated input DNA into double-stranded replicative forms; the concomitant increase in viral mutagenesis strongly suggests that apurinic sites can be bypassed in mammalian cells.
Thermal Transport Effects of h-BN 2D-Nanosheet Reinforced Fluids: A Molecular Dynamics and Experimental Analysis (2019)

Nanostructures reinforcing conventional fluids can exhibit superb thermal transport performance, providing an attractive alternative as coolants that possess low dielectric performance and high thermal conductivity in electrical applications. In this research, a theoretical analysis through Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations, is performed to evaluate the thermal conductivity improvement of 2D hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets homogeneously dispersed within conventional mineral oil (MO) for application as a cooling fluid in electrical devices and equipment, such as high voltage power systems. The thermal conductivities at various h-BN filler fractions and the effect of varying temperature is computed using equilibrium Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations followed by the application of the Green-Kubo auto correlation function. The Lennard – Jones potentials and simple harmonic oscillation potentials are used as the intermolecular potentials to appropriately describe the various atomic and molecular interactions in the boron nitride suspension. These results are benchmarked with experimental measurements using the transient hot-wire (THW) technique. The results indicate that the predicted effective thermal conductivity (keff) can be applied to tailor-make nanoparticle suspensions to required thermal management applications.
&lt;title&gt;Selection of angular harmonics by the use of diffractive optical elements&lt;/title&gt; (2001)

E-beam lithography was used to fabricate an 8-channel phase DOE capable of selecting angular harmonics with the number +/- 1, +/- 2, +/- 3, and +/- 4. It has experimentally been demonstrated that this filter can successfully extract angular harmonics from laser beams composed of Gauss-Laguerre modes.
Interplay between hereditary and acquired factors determines the neutrophil counts in older individuals (2023)

Blood cell production is a complex process, partly genetically determined and influenced by acquired factors. However, there is a paucity of data on how these factors interplay in the context of aging, which is associated with a myeloid proliferation bias, clonal hematopoiesis (CH), and an increased incidence of myeloid cancers. We investigated hereditary and acquired factors underlying blood cell trait variability in a cohort of 2996 related and unrelated women from Quebec aged from 55 to 101 years. We performed a genome-wide association study, evaluated the impact of chronic diseases, and performed targeted deep sequencing of CH driver genes and X-chromosome inactivation (XCI)-based clonality analyses. Multivariable analyses were conducted using generalized linear mixed models. We document that aging is associated with increasing neutrophil and monocyte counts and decreasing lymphocyte counts. Neutrophil counts were influenced by the variants in the region of GSDMA and PSMD3-CSF3, but this association decreased with age; in parallel, older individuals with cardiometabolic comorbidities exhibited significantly higher neutrophil counts (4.1 × 109/L vs 3.83 × 109/L; P < .001) than younger individuals. These age-related diseases were also associated with an increase in other myeloid-derived cells. Neither CH nor XCI clonality correlated with neutrophil counts. In conclusion, we show that neutrophil counts are genetically influenced, but as individuals age, this contribution decreases in favor of acquired factors. Aging is associated with a myeloid proliferation bias which is greater in the presence of cardiometabolic comorbidities but not of CH. These findings support that cell-extrinsic factors may contribute to the myeloid shift possibly through low-grade inflammation.