gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rethinking circular economy for electronics, energy storage, and solar photovoltaics with long product life cycles (2023)

Abstract Developments in recycling technology have largely focused on short-life-cycle products, such as plastic waste from packaging, consumer electronics, and construction debris, while complex, resource-rich, long-life-cycle electronic products, energy-storage, and photovoltaic components have been somewhat overlooked due to their intrinsic property of containing multimaterial in a complex manner. High-value products contain valuable elements, which are intricately incorporated and often lost at end of life. This article explores the need for a paradigm shift to a “product-centric” approach, which emphasizes the circularity of the whole product, with an emphasis on more focused ways of combining design and recovery methods. Opportunities for improved circularity include design for disassembly through modular approaches, development of materials for substitution, fabrication efficiency through novel selective synthesis of metals, high-throughput manufacturing of precision devices, and manufacturing processes that enable use of recycled materials for product. Design efforts should focus on current perceived limits in the degree of modularity, where parts can be made accessible for replacement and consumer uptake of recycled product. Graphical abstract
Bone involvement in primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg-type (2022)

Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg-type (PCDLBCL-LT) is an aggressive cutaneous lymphoma. Bone involvement is rare and poorly described. We present five cases of PCDLBCL-LT with bone localization. In four cases, the bone involvement was diagnosed during the initial staging with positron emission tomography (PET) or computed tomography (CT) scan, and in the fifth case after tibial fracture during treatment with rituximab (RTX) and polychemotherapy (PCT). PCDLBCL-LT can be asymptomatic and involve bone sites distant from cutaneous lesions. None had other extracutaneous involvement. In our series, all patients received RTX-PCT as first-line chemotherapy and all had early relapses or progression. Second-line treatments had poor efficacy. Our series shows that bone involvement seems to be associated with poor prognosis in PCDLBCL-LT. Bone localization is not diagnosed with initial thoracic-abdominal-pelvic CT when asymptomatic and affecting the limbs only. If there is a suspicion of PCDLBCL-LT, patients should undergo systematic investigation with alternative imaging techniques, including PET, both at baseline and if there is any concern during follow-up.
Book reviews (1994)

This book is intended as an introductory text book on medical imaging, however the emphasis is very much on reconstruction techniques and imaging devices employing them. Readers expecting to read about films/screens, image intensifier television systems and computed radiography, as implied by the general nature of the title, will be disappointed. The treatment of the subjects is rigorous though it is not a textbook for the mathematically compromised. The section on the photoelectric effect is shorter than that on the marked transform. The description of each modality included in the book is of a very high standard. It clearly indicates that the authors have a comprehensive knowledge and insight into the subject matter.
An Experimental Study of Wheat Drying in Thin Layer and Mathematical Simulation of a Fixed-Bed Convective Dryer (2009)

Abstract Drying of wheat (Algerian cultivar: Hadba03) in thin layers was studied and mass flux phenomenon was used to characterize the thin-layer drying process. Thin-layer drying of wheat was determined for drying air temperature range of 40–60°C, relative humidity of drying air from 10 to 30%, air velocity of 0.7 m/s, and initial grain moisture from 26 to 31% (dry basis). Equilibrium moisture content of wheat was determined using desorption isotherms obtained from the thin-layer drying data. An equilibrium model for a stationary deep bed with drying air moving vertically upward was developed using mass and energy balance between grain and drying air in the bed and drying air characteristics obtained from thin-layer drying experiments. The developed model was validated by drying wheat in a laboratory dryer using different drying air temperatures and initial moisture contents. Keywords: Convective dryerDesorption isothermsKinetic modelThin layerWheat ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors thank Wahbi Jomaa and Denis Bruneau of the laboratory TREFLE of Bordeaux, France, and Meziane Nasredine of the University of Chlef, Algeria, for their technical assistance during this study. We also thank the laboratory TREFLE of Bordeaux, France, for allowing the lead author to conduct thin-layer experiments. We thank the Canada Research Chairs program for partial financial support.
Hydroxyapatite growth on anodic TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes (2006)

In the present work, we study the growth of hydroxyapatite formation on different TiO(2) nanotube layers. The nanotube layers were fabricated by electrochemical anodization of titanium in fluoride-containing electrolytes. To study various nanotube lengths, layers with an individual tube diameter of 100 nm were grown to a thickness of approximately 2 mum or 500 nm. The ability to form apatite on the nanotube layers was examined by immersion tests combined with SEM, XRD and FT-IR investigations. For reference, experiments were also carried out on compact anodic TiO(2) layers. The results clearly show that the presence of the nanotubes on a titanium surface enhances the apatite formation and that the 2-mum thick nanotube layer triggers deposition faster than the thinner layers. Tubes annealed to anatase, or a mixture of anatase and rutile are clearly more efficient in promoting apatite formation than the tubes in their "as-formed" amorphous state.
Markovian source separation (2003)

A maximum likelihood (ML) approach is used to separate the instantaneous mixtures of temporally correlated, independent sources with neither preliminary transformation nor a priori assumption about the probability distribution of the sources. A Markov model is used to represent the joint probability density of successive samples of each source. The joint probability density functions are estimated from the observations using a kernel method. For the special case of autoregressive models, the theoretical performance of the algorithm is computed and compared with the performance of second-order algorithms and i.i.d.-based separation algorithms.
A New Class of Spiegelmers Containing 2′‐Fluoro‐nucleotides (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Dissecting Video Server Selection Strategies in the YouTube CDN (2011)

In this paper, we conduct a detailed study of the YouTube CDN with a view to understanding the mechanisms and policies used to determine which data centers users download video from. Our analysis is conducted using week-long datasets simultaneously collected from the edge of five networks - two university campuses and three ISP networks - located in three different countries. We employ state-of-the-art delay-based geolocation techniques to find the geographical location of YouTube servers. A unique aspect of our work is that we perform our analysis on groups of related YouTube flows. This enables us to infer key aspects of the system design that would be difficult to glean by considering individual flows in isolation. Our results reveal that while the RTT between users and data centers plays a role in the video server selection process, a variety of other factors may influence this selection including load-balancing, diurnal effects, variations across DNS servers within a network, limited availability of rarely accessed video, and the need to alleviate hot-spots that may arise due to popular video content.
Telemedicine Utilization in Neurosurgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Glimpse Into the Future? (2020)

Rapid implementation of telemedicine to evaluate neurosurgery patients became an effective tool for preoperative consultation, postoperative and follow-up visits during the COVID-19 pandemic, and decreased risks of exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 to patients and health care staff. Future larger studies should investigate the cost-effectiveness of telemedicine used to triage surgical from nonsurgical patients, potential cost-savings from reducing travel burdens and lost work time, improved access, reduced wait times, and impact on patient satisfaction.
Material selection for climbing hardware using the example of a belay device (2017)

The aim of the research project was to design a novel climbing belay device. The present article describes the details of the therefor performed material selection. Literature research on the materials used in commercially available belay devices revealed a lack of definite information. Thus, a pilot x-ray fluorescence (XRF) test was performed on a small sample of common aluminium belay devices. It revealed the use of a variety of different alloy systems. The selection process continued by compiling a thorough list of constraints and objectives for this safety related piece of sports equipment. Different material options including non-aluminium-materials were discussed. The final material choice was a high strength aluminium alloy with a T6 thermal treatment. The device was designed and calculated by use of CAD and FEM software respectively, aiming to reduce weight. After manufacturing the strength, usability and friction properties of the device have been successfully tested.
Mixed media (1998)

article Free Access Share on Mixed media: the new push for push technology Author: Hal Berghel Univ. of Arkansas Univ. of ArkansasView Profile Authors Info & Claims netWorkerVolume 2Issue 3June 1998 pp 28–36https://doi.org/10.1145/280506.280516Online:01 June 1998Publication History 5citation435DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations5Total Downloads435Last 12 Months19Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
What Proportion of Patients With Musculoskeletal Sarcomas Demostrate Symptoms of Depression or Anxiety? (2022)

Level III, therapeutic study.
Gradient Response Maps for Real-Time Detection of Textureless Objects (2011)

We present a method for real-time 3D object instance detection that does not require a time-consuming training stage, and can handle untextured objects. At its core, our approach is a novel image representation for template matching designed to be robust to small image transformations. This robustness is based on spread image gradient orientations and allows us to test only a small subset of all possible pixel locations when parsing the image, and to represent a 3D object with a limited set of templates. In addition, we demonstrate that if a dense depth sensor is available we can extend our approach for an even better performance also taking 3D surface normal orientations into account. We show how to take advantage of the architecture of modern computers to build an efficient but very discriminant representation of the input images that can be used to consider thousands of templates in real time. We demonstrate in many experiments on real data that our method is much faster and more robust with respect to background clutter than current state-of-the-art methods.
A 10 GHz active annular ring antenna (2003)

An X-band oscillating element can be achieved in compact form with high-efficiency operation and high isotropic conversion gain. An annular ring is used here both as the radiating element and microstrip feedback circuit for the amplifier. A maximum DC-RF conversion efficiency for co-polarized radiated power is 55% at 10 GHz with maximum effective radiated power of 23.6 dBm and total radiated power of 15.5 dBm. The active ring is a good candidate for high aperture efficiency spatial power combining arrays and compact low-cost wireless sensors.
Thermodynamics of copper(II) complexation by macrocyclic tetrathioethers at 25.degree.C in water-methanol mixtures and acetonitrile: correlations of complexation enthalpy and ligand conformational preferences (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermodynamics of copper(II) complexation by macrocyclic tetrathioethers at 25.degree.C in water-methanol mixtures and acetonitrile: correlations of complexation enthalpy and ligand conformational preferencesA. Yu. Nazarenko, R. M. Izatt, J. D. Lamb, J. M. Desper, B. E. Matysik, and S. H. GellmanCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 19, 3990–3993Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00045a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00045a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views47Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
108 W average power ultrashort pulses with GW-level peak power from a Tm-doped fiber CPA system (2020)

Applications such as material processing, spectroscopy, particle acceleration, high-harmonic and mid-IR generation can greatly benefit from high repetition rate, high power, ultrafast laser sources emitting around 2 &mu;m wavelength. In this contribution we present a single-channel Tm-doped fiber chirped-pulse amplifier delivering 108 W of average output power at 417 kHz repetition rate with 250 fs pulse duration and 0.73 GW of pulse peak power. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of an ultrafast Tm-doped fiber laser with more than 100 W of average power and GW-level peak power.
Dynamic Dissipative Cooling of a Mechanical Resonator in Strong Coupling Optomechanics (2013)

Cooling of mesoscopic mechanical resonators represents a primary concern in cavity optomechanics. In this Letter, in the strong optomechanical coupling regime, we propose to dynamically control the cavity dissipation, which is able to significantly accelerate the cooling process while strongly suppressing the heating noise. Furthermore, the dynamic control is capable of overcoming quantum backaction and reducing the cooling limit by several orders of magnitude. The dynamic dissipation control provides new insights for tailoring the optomechanical interaction and offers the prospect of exploring mesoscopic quantum physics.
2‐KETO‐SUGAR ACIDS IN GREEN FLAGELLATES: A CHEMICAL MARKER FOR PRASINOPHYCEAN SCALES<sup>1,</sup><sup>2</sup> (1991)

ABSTRACT The chemical composition of cell walls (thecae) of three taxa of scaly green flagellates (Prasinophyceae) was investigated. The theca of Tetraselmis striata, Tetraselmis tetrathele , and Scherffelia dubia consists mainly of carbohydrate (80% of dry weight), with proteins (5%), calcium (4%), and sulfate (6%) as minor components. The principal sugars (60% of dry weight) are the 2‐keto‐sugar acids 3‐deoxy‐ manno ‐2‐octulosonic acid (KDO), 3‐deoxy‐ manno ‐5‐O‐methyl‐2‐octulosonic acid (5OMeKDO), and 3‐deoxy‐ lyxo ‐2‐heptulosaric acid (DHA). Arabinose, gulose, galactose, galacturonic acid, and in S. dubia , xylose and rhamnose were also found. Examination of scale preparations from Mantoniella squamata, Mesostigma viride, Pyramimonas amylifera , and Nephroselmis olivacea revealed that the 2‐keto‐sugar acids were always associated with the presence of typical prasinophycean scales on the cell surface. In contrast, 2‐keto‐sugar acids were not detected in the cell wall of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii nor in polymer preparations from the culture medium of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Dunaliella bioculata, Dunaliella primolecta, Asteromonas gracilis, Hafniomonas reticulate, Pedinomonas tuberculata, Monomastix sp., and Micromonas pusilla . We conclude that 2‐keto‐sugar acids are chemical markers for prasinophycean scales.
Effects of Bradykinin and Icatibant on Renal Hemodynamics in Conscious Spontaneously Hypertensive and Normotensive Rats (1997)

We investigated the effects of bradykinin (BK) and icatibant (HOE 140), a highly selective bradykinin-B2-receptor antagonist, on mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), renal blood flow (RBF), and renal vascular resistance (RVR) in conscious Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Experiments were performed in conscious male WKY rats and SHRs instrumented over the long term with arterial and venous catheters and a transit-time flow probe for measurement of RBF. In WKY rats (n = 16), intraaortic (i.a.) bolus injections of BK (0.1, 1.0, and 10 microg) produced dose-dependent decreases in MAP and RBF with reciprocal increases in RVR. Intrarenal (i.r.) injections of BK (10 microg; n = 6) induced the same hemodynamic response pattern, although the increase in RVR was higher compared with i.a. injections (p < 0.05). Neither vasopressin V1-receptor nor alpha1-adrenoceptor blockade had an effect on the renal vasoconstrictor responses on i.a. BK. The i.a. injections of icatibant (0.1, 1.0, 5.0, and 10 microg; n = 6-10 for each dose) led to a dose-dependent blockade of the hemodynamic responses to BK (10 microg, i.a.). Icatibant (10 microg, i.a) had no effect on resting MAP and HR but induced a biphasic response in RBF and RVR with significant changes compared with basal values (p < 0.05). In SHRs (n = 9), after injection of increasing i.a. doses of BK (0.1, 1.0, and 10 microg), dose-dependent decreases in MAP were proportionately greater compared with those in WKY rats. In contrast to WKY rats, RBF and RVR exhibited a biphasic response pattern on BK in SHRs. Neither vasopressin V1-receptor nor alpha1-adrenoceptor blockade had an effect on the renal vasoconstrictor responses on i.a. BK. The i.a. injections of icatibant (10 microg) almost completely blocked the hemodynamic responses on BK in SHRs (n = 13). Icatibant (10 microg, i.a.) itself induced an increase in resting MAP and HR (p < 0.05) and a biphasic response in RBF and RVR with significant changes of basal values (p < 0.05). Our results provide evidence that BK exhibits renal vasoconstrictor and vasodilator properties in vivo, both mediated by B2-receptors. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SHRs display an increased B2-receptor-mediated vasodilatory responsiveness to BK. Finally we showed that blockade of B2 receptors leads to an increase of MAP in SHRs in contrast to WKY rats, suggesting an important role of the kallikrein/kinin system in the regulation of high blood pressure in SHRs.
How to know when you've been zapped, or practical techniques for selecting a reliable attenuator for use in high voltage pulse measurements (2005)

This paper outlines practical techniques to minimize equipment breakdown and measurement errors that result from attenuator failure during measurement of high voltage pulses. Some common failure modes in attenuators will be identified. A simple method for logging the resistance history of an attenuator, and detecting attenuator failure is included. Attention will be given to the problems associated with selecting the proper attenuator for pulse power measurements. This includes a simple method for testing an attenuator to determine its high voltage capabilities.
Supplementary Methods from Off-Target Function of the Sonic Hedgehog Inhibitor Cyclopamine in Mediating Apoptosis via Nitric Oxide–Dependent Neutral Sphingomyelinase 2/Ceramide Induction (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 101KB.&lt;/p&gt;
Stereotactic radiosurgery at a low marginal dose for the treatment of pediatric arteriovenous malformations: obliteration, complications, and functional outcomes (2014)

A low marginal dose minimizes SRS-related neurological deficits but leads to low rates of obliteration and high rates of hemorrhage. To maximize AVM obliteration and minimize posttreatment hemorrhage, the authors recommend a prescription marginal dose of 18 Gy or more. In addition, SRS-related symptoms such as headache and seizures should be considered when discussing risks and benefits of SRS for treating AVMs in children.
Silicon-on-insulator polarization splitting and rotating device for polarization diversity circuits (2011)

A compact and efficient polarization splitting and rotating device built on the silicon-on-insulator platform is introduced, which can be readily used for the interface section of a polarization diversity circuit. The device is compact, with a total length of a few tens of microns. It is also simple, consisting of only two parallel silicon-on-insulator wire waveguides with different widths, and thus requiring no additional and nonstandard fabrication steps. A total insertion loss of -0.6 dB and an extinction ratio of 12 dB have been obtained experimentally in the whole C-band.
Post-translational Claisen Condensation and Decarboxylation en Route to the Bicyclic Core of Pantocin A (2020)

Pantocin A (PA) is a member of the growing family of ribosomally encoded and post-translationally modified peptide natural products (RiPPs). PA is much smaller than most known RiPPs, a tripeptide with a tight bicyclic core that appears to be cleaved from the middle of a larger 30-residue precursor peptide. We show here that the enzyme PaaA catalyzes the double dehydration and decarboxylation of two glutamic acid residues in the 30-residue precursor PaaP. Further truncates of PaaP leader and follower peptide sequences demonstrate the different impacts of these two regions on PaaA-mediated tailoring and delineate an essential role for the follower sequence in the decarboxylation step. The crystal structure of apo PaaA is reported, allowing identification of structural features that set PaaA apart from other homologous enzymes that typically do not catalyze such extended post-translational chemistry. Together, these data reveal how additional chemistry can be extracted from a ubiquitous enzyme family toward ribosomally derived peptide natural product biosynthesis and suggest that more examples of such enzymes likely exist in untapped genomic space.