gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metabolic effects of photodynamically induced apoptosis in an erythroleukemic cell line. A31P NMR spectroscopic study of Victoria-Blue-BO-sensitized TF-1 cells (2000)

Victoria Blue BO (VB BO) is a new and promising photosensitizer currently being evaluated for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Its photochemical processes are mediated by oxygen radicals, but do not involve singlet oxygen. We used (31)P NMR spectroscopy of VB-BO sensitized TF-1 leukemic cells to gain further insight into the biochemical mechanisms underlying PDT-induced cell death. Sham-treatment experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of this photosensitizer in the absence of light irradiation. Significant metabolic differences were detected for TF-1 cells incubated with VB BO but not exposed to light, as compared with native cells (controls). These changes include reductions in phosphocreatine, UDP-hexose and phosphodiester levels (as percentage of total phosphate) and slightly reduced intracellular pH. Complete phosphocreatine depletion, significant acidification and concomitant inorganic-phosphate accumulation were observed for TF-1 cells irradiated after incubation with VB BO. Moreover, significant changes in phospholipid metabolites, i.e., accumulation of cytidine 5'-diphosphate choline and a decrease in phosphodiester levels, were observed for PDT-treated vs. sham-treated cells. Perturbations of phospholipid metabolism may be involved in programmed cell death, and the detection of a characteristic DNA ladder pattern by gel electrophoresis confirmed the existence of apoptosis in PDT-treated TF-1 cells.
Tunable Photothermal Actuation Enabled by Photoswitching of Donor–Acceptor Stenhouse Adducts (2020)

We report a visible light-responsive bilayer actuator driven by the photothermal properties of a unique molecular photoswitch: donor-acceptor Stenhouse adduct (DASA). We demonstrate a synthetic platform to chemically conjugate DASA to a load-bearing poly(hexyl methacrylate) (PHMA) matrix via Diels-Alder click chemistry that enables access to stimuli-responsive materials on scale. By taking advantage of the negative photochromism and switching kinetics of DASA, we can tune the thermal expansion and actuation performance of DASA-PHMA under constant light intensity. This extends the capabilities of currently available responsive soft actuators for which mechanical response is determined exclusively by light intensity and enables the use of abundant broadband light sources to trigger tunable responses. We demonstrate actuation performance using a visible light-powered cantilever capable of lifting weight against gravity as well as a simple crawler. These results add a new strategy to the toolbox of tunable photothermal actuation by using the molecular photoswitch DASA.
Transition Metal Assisting Pre‐Lithiation Reduces the P/N Ratio to Balance the Energy Density and Cycle Life of Aqueous Batteries (2022)

Abstract Aqueous Li‐ion batteries (ALIBs) are safe, environmentally friendly, and cost‐effective, promising for electric energy storage (EES). The high voltage ALIBs (HV‐ALIBs) supported by water‐in‐salt electrolytes are ideal for lowering the energy cost ($/Wh) of EES. However, HV‐ALIBs have been built with a high positive/negative capacity ratio (P/N ratio) to ensure their long‐term cycle life due to the irreversible Li consumption in the initial cycle induced by the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation and the parasitic reaction. Thus, the benefits of HV‐ALIBs in cost and energy density are mitigated inevitably. Generally, the feasible approach is adding per‐lithiation additives (PAs) to compensate for the capacity loss in the initial cycle. However, using PAs in ALIBs is challenging due to the high chemical activity of water. Here, a new strategy to achieve the pre‐lithiation by introducing manganese metal as a sacrificial PA for HV‐ALIBs that can provide over 900 mAh g −1 specific capacity without any adverse impact is proposed. The P/N ratio reduces to 1.02 by the LiMn 2 O 4 ||TiO 2 pouch cell using the sacrificial manganese PA. This results in a high initial energy density above 120 Wh kg −1 and outstanding cycle stability with a capacity retention of 80% after 400 cycles.
Enhanced photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic activity of WO3-surface modified TiO2 thin film (2015)

Development of nanostructured photocatalysts for harnessing solar energy in energy-efficient and environmentally benign way remains an important area of research. Pure and WO3-surface modified thin films of TiO2 were prepared by magnetron sputtering on indium tin oxide glass, and photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic activities of these films were studied. TiO2 particles were <50 nm, while deposited WO3 particles were <20 nm in size. An enhancement in the photocurrent was observed when the TiO2 surface was modified WO3 nanoparticles. Effect of potential, WO3 amount, and radiations of different wavelengths on the photoelectrochemical activity of TiO2 electrodes was investigated. Photocatalytic activity of TiO2 and WO3-modified TiO2 for the decolorization of methyl orange was tested.
Regular Unitary Dilation of Commuting Contractions and Markovian Representation of Gaussian Stationary Processes on $Z^2 $ (1994)

In this paper, we show that the concept of regular unitary dilation of a pair of commuting contractions is intimately related to Markovian-like subspaces with respect to a pair of commuting unitary operators. Starting from this observation, a two-dimensional Markovian-like representation problem previously introduced by Attasi is studied geometrically. By using the geometric properties of the state spaces and some elementary properties of two-variable Hardy spaces, the spectral domain description of regular and coregular minimal representations are given.
The early inflorescence of Arabidopsis thaliana demonstrates positional effects in floral organ growth and meristem patterning (2017)

Linear modelling approaches detected significant gradients in organ growth and patterning across early flowers of the Arabidopsis inflorescence and uncovered evidence of new roles for gibberellin in floral development. Most flowering plants, including the genetic model Arabidopsis thaliana, produce multiple flowers in sequence from a reproductive shoot apex to form a flower spike (inflorescence). The development of individual flowers on an Arabidopsis inflorescence has typically been considered as highly stereotypical and uniform, but this assumption is contradicted by the existence of mutants with phenotypes visible in early flowers only. This phenomenon is demonstrated by mutants partially impaired in the biosynthesis of the phytohormone gibberellin (GA), in which floral organ growth is retarded in the first flowers to be produced but has recovered spontaneously by the 10th flower. We presently lack systematic data from multiple flowers across the Arabidopsis inflorescence to explain such changes. Using mutants of the GA 20-OXIDASE (GA20ox) GA biosynthesis gene family to manipulate endogenous GA levels, we investigated the dynamics of changing floral organ growth across the early Arabidopsis inflorescence (flowers 1-10). Modelling of floral organ lengths identified a significant, GA-independent gradient of increasing stamen length relative to the pistil in the wild-type inflorescence that was separable from other, GA-dependent effects. It was also found that the first flowers exhibited unstable organ patterning in contrast to later flowers and that this instability was prolonged by exogenous GA treatment. These findings indicate that the development of individual flowers is influenced by hitherto unknown factors acting across the inflorescence and also suggest novel functions for GA in floral patterning.
Theoretical Investigation of an Artificial Joint With Micro-Pocket-Covered Component and Biphasic Cartilage on the Opposite Articulating Surface (2003)

This paper presents a theoretical investigation of a geometrically idealized artificial joint with micro-pocket-covered component and biphasic cartilage on the opposite articulating surface. The fluid that exudes from the biphasic cartilage fills and pressurizes the micro-pockets. In this way, a poro-elasto-hydrodynamic regime of lubrication is developed. Assuming that lower friction would result in lower adhesive wear, and neglecting the fatigue as well as the abrasive wear, the proposed bearing system hypothetically could reduce the amount of wear debris. Equations of the linear biphasic theory are applied for the confined and unconfined compression of the cartilage. The fluid pressure and the elastic deformation of the biphasic cartilage are explicitly presented. The effective and equilibrium friction coefficients are obtained for the particular configuration of this bearing system. The micro-pockets geometrical parameters (depth, radius, surface distribution and edge radius) must be established to reduce the local contact stresses, to assure low friction forces and to minimize the biphasic cartilage damage. The influence of the applied pressure, porosity of the micro-pocket-covered component, filling time, cartilage elasticity, permeability and porosity upon the micro-pockets depth is illustrated. Our results are based upon the previously published data for a biphasic cartilage.
Milk diets influence doxorubicin-induced intestinal toxicity in piglets (2016)

Chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity is a common adverse effect of cancer treatment. We used preweaned piglets as models to test our hypothesis that the immunomodulatory and GI trophic effects of bovine colostrum would reduce the severity of GI complications associated with doxorubicin (DOX) treatment. Five-day-old pigs were administered DOX (1 × 100 mg/m(2)) or an equivalent volume of saline (SAL) and either fed formula (DOX-Form, n = 9, or SAL-Form, n = 7) or bovine colostrum (DOX-Colos, n = 9, or SAL-Colos, n = 7). Pigs were euthanized 5 days after initiation of chemotherapy to assess markers of small intestinal function and inflammation. All DOX-treated animals developed diarrhea, growth deficits, and leukopenia. However, the intestines of DOX-Colos pigs had lower intestinal permeability, longer intestinal villi with higher activities of brush border enzymes, and lower tissue IL-8 levels compared with DOX-Form (all P < 0.05). DOX-Form pigs, but not DOX-Colos pigs, had significantly higher plasma C-reactive protein, compared with SAL-Form. Plasma citrulline was not affected by DOX treatment or diet. Thus a single dose of DOX induces intestinal toxicity in preweaned pigs and may lead to a systemic inflammatory response. The toxicity is affected by type of enteral nutrition with more pronounced GI toxicity when formula is fed compared with bovine colostrum. The results indicate that bovine colostrum may be a beneficial supplementary diet for children subjected to chemotherapy and subsequent intestinal toxicity.
Germline Mutations Affecting Gα<sub>11</sub> in Hypoparathyroidism (2013)

In a study reported here, genomewide linkage analysis and whole-exome sequencing were used to identify two different heterozygous Gα11 mutations in autosomal-dominant, isolated hypoparathyroidism.
An update on the leukodsytrophies (2001)

This review centers on important recent advances in the understanding of the role of glial fibrillary acidic protein in Alexander disease and of proteolipid protein in hypomyelinating disorders such as Pelizaeus-Merzbacher and spastic paraplegia. We also describe seven novel leukodystrophies. These include childhood ataxia with central nervous system hypomyelination, a relatively common leukodystrophy syndrome with linkage to chromosome 3 in some patients, and megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts whose gene has recently been cloned. These, along with five other disorders, including leukodystrophy with polyol metabolism abnormality, demonstrate that an increasing number of protein and metabolic abnormalities can cause primary myelin disorders.
Upper bound for the size of monotone span programs (2003)

In this paper we consider certain prop- erties of an general access structure and its dual. In particular we prove that corer = corerL. We also es- tablish a new upper bound for the size of MSP, which computes connected access structure I?. We show that the size of a MSP is limited above by the sum of the number of minimal and the number of maximal sets minus one. This is the first upper bound on the size of MSPs to our knowledge.
Unbiased profiling of CRISPR RNA-guided transposition products by long-read sequencing (2021)

Bacterial transposons propagate through either non-replicative (cut-and-paste) or replicative (copy-and-paste) pathways, depending on how the mobile element is excised from its donor source. In the well-characterized E. coli transposon Tn7, a heteromeric TnsA-TnsB transposase directs cut-and-paste transposition by cleaving both strands at each transposon end during the excision step. Whether a similar pathway is involved for RNA-guided transposons, in which CRISPR-Cas systems confer DNA target specificity, has not been determined. Here, we apply long-read, population-based whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to unambiguously resolve transposition products for two evolutionarily distinct transposon types that employ either Cascade or Cas12k for RNA-guided DNA integration. Our results show that RNA-guided transposon systems lacking functional TnsA primarily undergo copy-and-paste transposition, generating cointegrate products that comprise duplicated transposon copies and insertion of the vector backbone. Finally, we report natural and engineered transposon variants encoding a TnsAB fusion protein, revealing a novel strategy for achieving RNA-guided transposition with fewer molecular components.
A Homogeneous Single-Label Time-Resolved Fluorescence cAMP Assay (2011)

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are an important class of pharmaceutical drug targets. Functional high-throughput GPCR assays are needed to test an increasing number of synthesized novel drug compounds and their function in signal transduction processes. Measurement of changes in the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration is a widely used method to verify GPCR activation in the adenylyl cyclase pathway. Here, a single-label time-resolved fluorescence and high-throughput screening (HTS)-feasible method was developed to measure changes in cAMP levels in HEK293(i) cells overexpressing either β(2)-adrenergic or δ-opioid receptors. In the quenching resonance energy transfer (QRET) technique, soluble quenchers reduce the signal of unbound europium(III)-labeled cAMP in solution, whereas the antibody-bound fraction is fluorescent. The feasibility of this homogeneous competitive assay was proven by agonist-mediated stimulation of receptors coupled to either the stimulatory G(s) or inhibitory G(i) proteins. The reproducibility of the assays was excellent, and Z' values exceeded 0.7. The dynamic range, signal-to-background ratio, and detection limit were compared with a commercial time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) assay. In both homogeneous assays, similar assay parameters were obtained when adenylyl cyclase was stimulated directly by forskolin or via agonist-mediated activation of the G(s)-coupled β(2)AR. The advantage of using the single-label approach relates to the cost-effectiveness of the QRET system compared with the two-label TR-FRET assay as there is no need for labeling of two binding partners leading to reduced requirements for assay optimization.
Retroviral Vectors Containing Chimeric Promoter/Enhancer Elements Exhibit Cell-Type-Specific Gene Expression (1994)

Retroviral vectors were constructed in which the U3 promoter/enhancer of Moloney murine leukemia (MoMLV) was replaced by the corresponding region from five related murine retroviruses—AKR murine leukemia virus (AKV), Harvey murine sarcoma virus (HaMSV), myeloproliferative sarcoma virus (MPSV), SL3-3, and the NZB-xenotropic virus (Xeno). In these vectors the chimeric long terminal repeat (chLTR) drives the expression of the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter gene that is followed by an internal SV40 virus early region promoter linked to the neomycin phosphotransferase II (NEO) gene. As an initial measure of the relative promoter/enhancer strength of the chLTR vectors, the murine NIH-3T3 cell line and the human JURKAT cell lines were transfected and assayed for CAT reporter activity. Relative to the MoMLV vector, the HaMSV construct was the most active in NIH-3T3 cells whereas the SL3-3 vector displayed the greatest activity in JURKAT cells. Retroviral vector producer cell populations and cell clones were established for each chLTR vector, and all were capable of yielding high vector titers (>105 G418R cfu/ml on NIH-3T3). Supernatant from these cells was used to transduce both mouse and human cell lines and primary cells. In NIH-3T3 cells and two murine fibrobrosarcoma cell lines, the HaMSV chLTR vector was slightly more active than the MoMLV chLTR vector. In the human HepG2 and HeLa cell lines, the MPSV chLTR vector was the most active. Data from the human JURKAT T-cell line and a T cell line derived from an ADA-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) patient demonstrate that the SL3-3 chLTR is the most active in these lymphoid cell lines. The greatest difference in the comparison of the different chLTR vectors was observed in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells, where the MoMLV vector produced up to 100 times more CAT activity than the SL3-3 vector. These data suggest that the use of specific promoter/enhancer elements may lead to higher levels of gene expression following retroviral-mediated gene transfer into specific cell types and these observations may be useful in the design of human gene therapy experiments. Retroviral vectors based on Moloney murine leukemia virus are commonly used as gene delivery vehicles for a growing number of target diseases. For many of these vectors, gene expression in target cells and titer is dependent on control elements in the viral long terminal repeat (LTR). Couture et al. examine the use of alternate retroviral LTR elements in the backbone of commonly available retrovirus vectors.
Rectangular stable power-aware mobile projection on planar surfaces (2016)

Pico projectors are becoming increasingly popular and can be used in conjunction with handheld mobile devices, portable media players, digital cameras in the foreseeable future. Mobile projection provides new opportunities realizing mobile spatial augmented reality applications. Projection from handheld devices bring in challenges of stabilizing the imagery in the persence of hand movements which entails more complex problems like keystone, zoom and jitter correction. However, no suitable software interface exists today that integrates these pico-projectors with handheld mobile devices.
A Robust Nonlinear Controller for PMSG Wind Turbines (2021)

In this paper, a nonlinear backstepping controller is proposed to manage the performance of a full-variable permanent magnet synchronous generator wind turbine. This nonlinear controller achieves a rotational speed objective for the generator and is validated through Lyapunov-based stability analysis. Additionally, this objective is accomplished without a measurement for wind speed that influences the wind torque. The proposed scheme is compared to a typical linear controller through simulation results. Simulation tests are performed to compare the response time and average error of each controller in both a drastic and realistic dynamic wind environment. These results demonstrate that the proposed controller is far more robust to wind turbulence than traditional control schemes. The simulation results of this study indicate a 1000% increase in response time and 3000% decrease in average controller error.
299 Evaluation of dietary electrolyte balance on nursery pig performance (2017)

A recent study observed that nursery pigs fed and increasing dietary electrolyte balance (dEB; exceeding 150 mEq/kg) had decreased growth performance. To confirm this response, pigs (n = 2,888; PIC 327 × L42; 5.2 kg initial BW) were used in a 35-d study to evaluate the effects of dEB on growth performance. There were 30 pigs/pen (60 pigs/double-sided feeder) and 12 replications (feeder)/treatment. Pens of pigs were allotted by BW and sex on arrival and randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments. Diets were corn–soybean meal based with dried whey and other specialty protein sources used in Phase 1, with decreased amounts in Phase 2. Dietary electrolyte balance was determined using the equation dEB (mEq/kg) = (Na × 434.98) + (K × 255.74) − (Cl × 282.06). Phase 1 and 2 diets had dEB of 84, 137, 190, and 243 and 29, 86, 143, and 199 mEq/kg, respectively. Limestone was used as the main Ca source in the high-dEB diet and was replaced by increasing CaCl2 in other experimental diets. The highest dEB diets required additions of 0.55 and 0.80% limestone for Phase 1 and 2, respectively. The lowest dEB diets were achieved by adding 1.17 and 1.25% CaCl2 in Phase 1 and Phase 2, respectively. Dietary Ca concentrations were maintained in the 3 highest dEB diets but increased in the low-dEB diet with the increasing level of CaCl2. From d 21 to 35, a common Phase 3 diet (257 mEq/kg) was fed to all pigs. Overall (d 0 to 35), increasing dEB from d 0 to 21 increased (linear, P < 0.001) ADG and final BW, which was the result of increased (quadratic, P < 0.001) G:F and a tendency for greater (linear, P = 0.077) ADFI. In contrast to the previous research, this study suggests that feeding increasing dietary dEB in nursery diets increased growth performance of weanling pigs.
Impression formation from video conference screenshots: The role of gaze, camera distance, and angle. (2022)

This preregistered experiment examines the impact of three nonverbal cues displayed through video conference screenshots (i.e., gaze direction, distance between the face and the camera, camera angle) on impression formation. Actors in video conference screenshots each portrayed one of 18 nonverbal cue configurations that manipulated gaze (at the camera, on-screen, or off-screen), camera distance (close or far), and camera angle (high, eye-level, or low). Study participants (N = 3,982) rated the actors on nine interpersonal dimensions (e.g., likeability). Findings showed significant effects of gaze and camera angle on impression formation, with gaze on-camera positively associated with likeability, social presence and interpersonal attraction, and with high camera angles increased interpersonal attraction and decreased threat perceptions compared to low angles. Although the actorsâ distance in relation to the camera did not affect impression formation, the interaction between distance and gaze was positively associated with threat judgment and social presence such that faces closer to the camera and maintaining direct gaze were rated as more socially present and threatening than the other three conditions. Finally, participantsâ gender also played an important role as women, regardless of actorsâ nonverbal behaviors and demographics, reported higher likeability judgment and lower threat judgments than men. These results contribute to the body of knowledge concerning nonverbal behavior in video conferences and how these compare and differ from face-to-face interaction. Moreover, through the use of video conference screenshots, these results inform video conference users concerning how their nonverbal behaviors might impact how they are perceived by others.
ターンアラウンド・マネジメント : 企業再生の理論と実務 (2003)

ターンアラウンド・マネジメント 経営不振の症状と原因 危機的状況の特徴 再生のためのフレームワーク 企業診断 経営危機の安定化 求められるリーダーシップ ステークホルダーの支援 再生プランの立て方 戦略的フォーカス 組織改革 コア・プロセスの改善 再生プランの実行 財務リストラ