gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endovascular comprehensive stroke center designation parameters (2012)

The approval of IV tissue plasminogen activator (IV tPA),1 the first stroke revascularization therapy, limiting ischemia in progress, led to the establishment of criteria to define primary stroke centers (PSCs),2 capable of delivering this treatment. Corollary to PSC designation, the establishment of stroke units, comprising nursing and physician personnel trained in the care of stroke patients, improves outcome for stroke patients.3,–,7 The market approval of various novel devices aimed at removing thrombus from occluded blood vessels in the setting of acute ischemic stroke (AIS)8,9 and the recognition of these as a potential treatment option for certain patients has helped spur the development of recommendations and metric standards for comprehensive stroke centers (CSCs) by the Brain Attack Coalition (BAC), and endorsement by the Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology (SVIN).10,11 Additionally, the evolution of the neurocritical care discipline over the past 2 decades, with specialized care for AIS and hemorrhagic stroke, including subarachnoid and intracranial hemorrhage, is considered as an optional component in the proposed metrics criteria for CSCs (table).

View this table:

Table 
Primary vs comprehensive stroke center requirementsa and optional elements



Many proposed components of CSCs include infrastructure also necessary for PSC function: “acute stroke teams, written care protocols … [and an] integrated emergency response system.” In addition, basic services required for care of stroke patients remain core requirements for both PSCs and CSCs: “availability and interpretation of CT scans 24 hours … and rapid laboratory testing, administrative support, strong leadership, and continuing education.”2 Beyond these elements, CSCs may be further distinguished by the availability of “vascular neurosurgery and neurology; advanced neuroimaging capabilities such as MRI and various types of cerebral angiography; surgical and endovascular techniques, including clipping and coiling of intracranial aneurysms, carotid endarterectomy, and intra-arterial …
Ocular toxicity and Hydroxychloroquine: A Rapid Meta-Analysis (2020)

Abstract Rapid access to evidence is crucial in times of evolving clinical crisis. To that end, we propose a novel mechanism to answer clinical queries: Rapid Meta-Analysis (RMA). Unlike traditional meta-analysis, RMA balances quick time-to-production with reasonable data quality assurances, leveraging Artificial Intelligence to strike this balance. This article presents an example RMA to a currently relevant clinical question: Is ocular toxicity and vision compromise a side effect with hydroxychloroquine therapy? As of this writing, hydroxychloroquine is a leading candidate in the treatment of COVID-19. By combining AI with human analysis, our RMA identified 11 studies looking at ocular toxicity as a side effect and estimated the incidence to be 3.4% (95% CI: 1.11-9.96%). The heterogeneity across the individual study findings was high, and interpretation of the result should take this into account. Importantly, this RMA, from search to screen to analysis, took less than 30 minutes to produce.
Submicroscopic defects in strained polyoxymethylene (2008)

Submicroscopic defects, having an ellipsoidal shape, are created in polyoxymethylene as a function of the strain, due to local yielding processes. The size distribution of the defects can be represented by an exponential electron density autocorrelation function. The average size of the defects is independent of the strain whereas the concentration of the defects increases exponentially with increasing strain. Annealing studies show that the restoring tension of the defects is determined by the free energy of the defect surfaces, the retarding tension by the value of the macroscopic yield stress. The defects can relax, if the restoring tension gets larger than the retarding tension. Correlation between defects apparently play an important role in determining macroscopic properties of the material.
Composition and Biogeography of Planktonic Pro- and Eukaryotic Communities in the Atlantic Ocean: Primer Choice Matters (2022)

Basin-scale biogeographic observations of marine pelagic pro- and eukaryotic communities are necessary to understand forces driving community composition and for providing a baseline to monitor global change. Deep sequencing of rRNA genes provides community composition at high resolution; yet, it is unclear how the choice of primers affects biogeographic patterns. Here, we re-amplified 16S rRNA genes from DNA sampled during R/V Polarstern Cruise ANT28-5 over a latitudinal transect across the Atlantic Ocean from 52°S to 47°N using universal V4-V5 primers and compared the results with those obtained previously with V5-V6 bacteria-specific primers. For validation of our results, we inferred community composition based on 16S rRNA genes of metagenomes from the same stations and single amplified genomes (SAGs) from the Global Ocean Reference Genome (GORG) database. We found that the universal V4-V5 primers retrieved SAR11 clades with similar relative proportions as those found in the GORG database while the V5-V6 primers recovered strongly diverging clade abundances. We confirmed an inverse bell-shaped distance-decay relationship and a latitudinal diversity gradient that did not decline linearly with absolute latitude in the Atlantic Ocean. Patterns were modified by sampling depth, sequencing depth, choice of primers, and abundance filtering. Especially richness patterns were not robust to methodological change. This study offers a detailed picture of the Atlantic Ocean microbiome using a universal set of PCR primers that allow for the conjunction of biogeographical patterns among organisms from different domains of life.
Sulfonylureas (not metformin) improve survival of patients with diabetes and resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma (2017)

Patients taking sulfonylureas with or without other therapy had improved survival compared with patients not taking sulfonylureas after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Metformin does not seem to be beneficial for patients with resectable disease, but may be beneficial for patients with unresectable and/or metastatic disease as shown in prior studies. The use of sulfonylureas is associated with a survival benefit for patients undergoing resection for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Tumor staging and margin status continue to be the overriding predictors of survival in patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma, not metformin therapy.
Which gplGO vaccine? (1993)

Which gp160 vaccine?SrR -The lobbying efforts by Micro-GeneSys Inc. (MGS) to win 'porkbarrel' funding from the US Congress for its HIV
A path‐integral approach to depth migration (2000)

Seismic depth migration can be cast as a weighted sum over forward paths connecting data measured on the surface to image locations in the subsurface. The integral forms of conventional downward-continuation operators have a sum-over-paths or pathintegral interpretation. These path integrals are related to, but distinct from other path integrals that have appeared in the geophysical literature. Kirchhoff migration approximates the path sum by the contributions from a few, special raypaths. This connection to Kirchhoff migration may permit the computational domain to be trimmed sufficiently to apply path integrals to target-oriented, 3-D prestack depth migration. The effective use of path integrals for depth migration will require an appropriate Monte Carlo integration method, presumably developed around stationary or near-stationary points in the travel time field.
Enantioselective Synthesis of the Oxadecalin Core of Phomactin A via a Highly Stereoselective Diels−Alder Reaction (2001)

Phomactin A (1) is a selective antagonist of platelet activating factor (PAF). Herein, we report our progress toward the construction of the oxadecalin core of 1. This route is based on the Diels-Alder cycloaddition of an appropriately functionalized vinyl pyran and a complementary dienophile. A model of this reaction involving 2 and maleic anhydride was conducted. Adduct 3 contains the correct stereochemical arrangements between functional groups necessary for gaining access to phomactin A. Reaction: see text.
Differences in response of breast cancer molecular profiles of patients likely to respond to either tyrosine kinase inhibitors or to erbB targeted therapies (2004)

3097
Zinc oxide nanostructures: growth, properties and applications (2004)

Zinc oxide is a unique material that exhibits semiconducting and piezoelectric dual properties. Using a solid–vapour phase thermal sublimation technique, nanocombs, nanorings, nanohelixes/nanosprings, nanobelts, nanowires and nanocages of ZnO have been synthesized under specific growth conditions. These unique nanostructures unambiguously demonstrate that ZnO probably has the richest family of nanostructures among all materials, both in structures and in properties. The nanostructures could have novel applications in optoelectronics, sensors, transducers and biomedical sciences. This article reviews the various nanostructures of ZnO grown by the solid–vapour phase technique and their corresponding growth mechanisms. The application of ZnO nanobelts as nanosensors, nanocantilevers, field effect transistors and nanoresonators is demonstrated.
Generation of subpicosecond x-ray pulses in storage rings (2007)

Supicosecond X-ray pulses are routinely produced at ALS,BESSY and SLS with "slicing" technique and used in pump-probe experiments with controlled delay between laser pump pulses and X-ray probe pulses. New development aiming for a production of a subpicosecond X-ray pulses using rf orbit deflection technique is under way at APS. Both techniques will be reviewed here.
Combining Six-Sigma with Integrated Design and Control for Yield Enhancement in Bioprocessing (2006)

Improving the sigma level of a pharmaceutical process leads to increased overall efficiency and quality, which, in turn, reduces cycle times. These objectives can be achieved using an approach involving: (a) process analytical technologies (PAT), for data extraction; (b) Six-sigma methodology, which serves as the driving force for continuous improvement by identifying the root cause or causes of low process yield; (c) process modeling, which is based on system biology and first principles models; and (d) advanced process control (APC) and statistical process control (SPC). This methodology is demonstrated on a simplified process for the production of penicillin, including a fermentor and the first of the downstream processing steps. We show that a combination of improved process control in the downstream processing section, as well as a modified substrate feeding profile in the fermentor, can together achieve a 40% reduction in batch time while, at the same time, significantly increasing throughput yield and decreasing impurities concentration. Evidently, this systematic approach can make a substantial impact in the pharmaceutical industry, through improved overall process yield, quality, and return on investment.
Real-World Video for Zoom Enhancement based on Spatio-Temporal Coupling (2023)

In recent years, single-frame image super-resolution (SR) has become more realistic by considering the zooming effect and using real-world short- and long-focus image pairs. In this paper, we further investigate the feasibility of applying realistic multi-frame clips to enhance zoom quality via spatio-temporal information coupling. Specifically, we first built a real-world video benchmark, VideoRAW, by a synchronized co-axis optical system. The dataset contains paired short-focus raw and long-focus sRGB videos of different dynamic scenes. Based on VideoRAW, we then presented a Spatio-Temporal Coupling Loss, termed as STCL. The proposed STCL is intended for better utilization of information from paired and adjacent frames to align and fuse features both temporally and spatially at the feature level. The outperformed experimental results obtained in different zoom scenarios demonstrate the superiority of integrating real-world video dataset and STCL into existing SR models for zoom quality enhancement, and reveal that the proposed method can serve as an advanced and viable tool for video zoom.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Trifluoromethyl α‐Ethoxy β‐Vinyl Anions: Stereoselective Route to Hindered β‐Ethoxy Allylic Alcohols and Crotonates. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dynamics of mutations in patients with essential thrombocythemia treated with imetelstat (2020)

In a phase-2 study, the telomerase inhibitor imetelstat induced rapid hematologic responses in all patients with essential thrombocythemia who were refractory or intolerant to prior therapies. Significant molecular responses were achieved within 3-6 months in 81% of patients with phenotypic driver mutations in JAK2, CALR and MPL. Here, we investigated the dynamics of additional somatic mutations in response to imetelstat. At study entry, 50% of patients carried 1-5 additional mutations in the genes ASXL1, CBL, DNMT3A, EZH2, IDH1, SF3B1, TET2, TP53 and U2AF1. Three patients with baseline mutations also had late-emerging mutations in TP53, IDH1 and TET2. Most clones with additional mutations were responsive to imetelstat and decreased with the driver mutation, including the poor prognostic ASXL1, EZH2 and U2AF1 mutations while SF3B1 and TP53 mutations were associated with poorer molecular response. Overall, phenotypic driver mutation response was significantly deeper in patients without additional mutations (P = 0.04) and correlated with longer duration of response. In conclusion, this detailed molecular analysis of highly pretreated and partly resistant patients with essential thrombocythemia reveals a high individual patient complexity. Moreover, imetelstat demonstrates potential to inhibit efficiently co-incident mutations occurring in neoplastic clones in patients with essential thrombocythemia. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01243073. N Engl J Med 2015; 373:920-928, DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1503479.).
ASTER Land Surface Emissivity Database of California and Nevada (2008)

Land surface temperature and emissivity (LST&amp;E) are essential parameters for a wide range of studies undertaken at a variety of spatial scales. LST&amp;E products are generated by a number of spaceborne sensors such as ASTER, MODIS, and AIRS at varying spatial, spectral and temporal resolutions. We have developed an approach for producing gridded, mean, seasonal ASTER LST&amp;E Datasets at a spatial resolution of 100 m at nadir. This paper shows a mean wintertime and summertime emissivity dataset for California and Nevada, USA using all available data since mission launch (2000). Comparison of the two seasonal datasets indicates the greatest variability occurs in areas affected by snow such as the Sierra Nevada Mountains, and in agricultural regions. Comparisons of the new emissivity dataset with laboratory measurements of geologic samples show emissivity differences of less than 0.5%, while 1–3% differences were found for water and vegetation using spectra from the MODIS UCSB library.
Digital holography for coherent fiber beam combining with a co-propagative scheme (2014)

We present a technique for passive coherent fiber beam combining based on digital holography. In this method, the phase errors between the fibers are compensated by the diffracted phase-conjugated -1 order of a digital hologram. Unlike previous digital holography technique, the probe beams measuring the phase errors between the fibers are co-propagating with the phase-locked signal beams. This architecture is compatible with the use of multi-stage isolated amplifying fibers. It does not require any phase calculation algorithm and its correction is collective. This concept is experimentally demonstrated with three fibers at 1.55 μm. A residual phase error of λ/20 is measured.
Melting Experiments on Liquidus Phase Relations in the Fe‐S‐O Ternary System Under Core Pressures (2019)

Abstract Melting experiments on the Fe‐S‐O ternary system were performed to 208 GPa in a laser‐heated diamond‐anvil cell. Compositions of liquids and coexisting solids in recovered samples were examined using a field‐emission‐type electron microprobe. The results demonstrate that the ternary eutectic point shifts toward the oxygen‐rich, sulfur‐poor side with increasing pressure, in accordance with changes in eutectic liquid compositions in the Fe‐O and Fe‐S binary systems. We also found that solid Fe crystallizing from liquid Fe‐S‐O does not include oxygen, while the partitioning of sulfur into solid Fe is enhanced with increasing pressure. These indicate that oxygen‐rich, sulfur‐poor liquid crystallizes Fe at the inner core boundary; however, it makes a large density difference between the liquid and solid core, which is inconsistent with observations. Alternatively, we found that a range of C‐bearing, S‐poor/O‐rich liquids account for the density and velocity in the outer core and the density in the inner core.
[Difference of contaminant composition between landfill leachates and groundwater and its reasons]. (2014)

In order to investigate the groundwater pollution by landfill leachates, the distribution characteristics of inorganic salt, organic compounds and heavy metals in leachastes from a simple landfill and groundwater and its reason were study using conventional analysis, fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectra and multivariate statistical analysis. The results showed that the landfill was heterogeneous, and the extracts from the landfill wastes showed a high concentration of NH4(+) -N, but low contents of Cl-, SO4(2-), dissolved organic matter (DOM) and heavy metals. The nitrification process was blocked due to a strong reducing atmosphere in landfill, which caused a low concentration of NO3(-) -N and NO2(-) -N in leachates. Cu was mainly associated with DOM in leachates, while the distribution of the metals Ba, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn and As was primarily related to hydrophobic organic compounds. The contaminate compositions in different groundwater were similar except for the groundwater under the landfill site. In contrast to landfill leachates, the groundwater showed a low concentration of NH4(+) -N, but high concentrations of Cl-, SO4(2-), DOM, NO3(-) -N and NO2(-) -N except for the groundwater under the landfill site. The organic compounds in the groundwater were mainly originated from microbial activity, and the distribution of the metals Ba, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni was mainly related to fluorescecent organic matter in DOM. The results showed that the leak point of landfill leachates can be identified through the cluster analysis method on the basis of the contaminant composition in groundwater.
Increased fluxes of shelf-derived materials to the central Arctic Ocean (2018)

Rising temperatures in the Arctic Ocean region are responsible for changes such as reduced ice cover, permafrost thawing, and increased river discharge, which, together, alter nutrient and carbon cycles over the vast Arctic continental shelf. We show that the concentration of radium-228, sourced to seawater through sediment-water exchange processes, has increased substantially in surface waters of the central Arctic Ocean over the past decade. A mass balance model for <sup>228</sup>Ra suggests that this increase is due to an intensification of shelf-derived material inputs to the central basin, a source that would also carry elevated concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and nutrients. Therefore, we suggest that significant changes in the nutrient, carbon, and trace metal balances of the Arctic Ocean are underway, with the potential to affect biological productivity and species assemblages in Arctic surface waters.
High Power Fiber Optic Beam Delivery for Industrial Ultrafast Lasers (2013)

International audience
Surgical shunt infection: significant reduction when using intraventricular and systemic antibiotic agents (2006)

The combination of intraventricular gentamicin and vancomycin with systemic antibiotic therapy significantly decreased the incidence of perioperative shunt infection. It is presumed that intraventricular antibiotic therapy extends prophylactic antibiotic coverage into the CSF and prevents bacterial seeding.
Lack of Functional Receptors Is the Only Barrier That Prevents Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus from Infecting Human Cells (2000)

ABSTRACT Barriers to replication of viruses in potential host cells may occur at several levels. Lack of suitable and functional receptors on the host cell surface, thereby precluding entry of the virus, is a frequent reason for noninfectivity, as long as no alternative way of entry (e.g., pinocytosis, antibody-dependent adsorption) can be exploited by the virus. Other barriers can intervene at later stages of the virus life cycle, with restrictions on transcription of the viral genome, incorrect translation and posttranslational processing of viral proteins, inefficient viral assembly, and release or efficient early induction of apoptosis in the infected cell. The data we present here demonstrate that replication of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) is restricted in a variety of human cell lines and primary tissue cultures. This barrier was efficiently overcome by transfection of a novel infectious complete-proviral CAEV construct into the same cells. The successful infection of human cells with a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) G-pseudotyped Env-defective CAEV confirmed that viral entry is the major obstacle to CAEV infection of human cells. The fully efficient productive infection obtained with the VSV-G-protein-pseudotyped infectious CAEV strengthened the evidence that lack of viral entry is the only practical barrier to CAEV replication in human cells. The virus thus produced retained its original host cell specificity and acquired no propensity to propagate further in human cultures.
Fabrication and Utilization of a High-Power Microwave Supply for Electrodeless Discharge Lamps and other Spectrochemical Emission Sources (1981)

A study of the factors influencing the performance of a microwave-induced discharge shows that the analytical utility generally increases as the applied microwave power is increased. The fabrication of an easily used high-power system (500 W) is described; the system is used to excite electrodeless discharge lamps of relatively high-boiling species, multielement lamps, and an atmospheric-pressure flowing plasma. The system has been used to study vaporization phenomena in a cadmium electrodeless discharge lamp. The ground-state atom population, as measured by absorption, appears to be directly related to the thermal (wall) temperature.
Simulating Electromagnetic Interactions in High Power Density Inverters (2005)

In high power density inverters with integrated functions like filters and control electronics electromagnetic interaction between components becomes an important issue. Especially filters for electromagnetic interference are very sensitive to electromagnetic fields and therefore critical to design. Nevertheless only few guidelines for optimizing placement of filter components were published up to now. This paper introduces a simulation method for predicting stray fields of components and conducting structures, which is verified experimentally for different passive components and setups. The examples demonstrate a possibility of handling interaction problems
Hypoglossal and Reticular Interneurons Involved in Oro-facial Coordination in the Rat (2002)

Streppel, Michael; Popratiloff, Anastas S.; Gruart, Agnès; Guntinas-Lichius, Orlando; Angelov, Doychin N.; Delgado-Garcí, Josè M.; Neiss, Wolfram F.; Stennert, Eberhard Author Information