gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
La vacunación en medicina de la conservación (2007)

Unprecedented human population growth and anthropogenic environmental changes have resulted in increased numbers of people living in closer contact with more animals (wild, domestic, and peridomestic) than at any other time in history. Intimate linkage of human and animal health is not a new phenomenon. However, the global scope of contemporary zoonoses has no historical precedent. Indeed, most human infectious diseases classed as emerging are zoonotic, and many of these have spilled over from natural wildlife reservoirs into humans either directly or via domestic or peridomestic animals. Conservation medicine has recently emerged as a meaningful discipline to address the intersection of animal, human, and ecosystem health. Interest in the development of novel vaccines for wildlife encounters important challenges that may prevent progress beyond the conceptual phase. Although notable examples of successful wildlife immunisation programmes exist, depending upon key considerations, vaccination may or may not prove to be effective in the field. When implemented, wildlife vaccination requires a combination of novel zoonosis pathogen management strategies and public education to balance conservation, economic, and public health issues.
Association between insulin-like growth factor-2 and metastases after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (2001)

BACKGROUND Hypoxia up-regulates insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) and thus stimulates the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. In the current study, the authors prospectively evaluated changes in plasma IGF-2 levels in HCC patients after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), which usually results in hypoxic insult to liver tissue. The authors also examined the association between changes in plasma IGF-2 levels after TACE and HCC progression, especially in relation to metastasis. METHODS Plasma IGF-2 levels were measured before and 4 weeks after TACE in 46 patients with HCC. Three months after TACE, the patients were evaluated for the occurrence of metastatic HCC. RESULTS In 13 of the 46 patients, post-TACE plasma IGF-2 levels decreased by > 20% (Group 1) compared with their basal levels; in 18 patients, the IGF-2 levels changed within 20% (Group 2) and in 15 patients the IGF-2 levels increased by > 20% (Group 3). Plasma IGF-2 levels had a tendency to increase in patients with large-sized tumors, high serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, and the heterogeneous uptake of iodized oil. Metastatic foci were found in 9 patients in Group 3 (60%), in contrast to only 3 patients in Group 2 (17%) and in none of the patients in Group 1 (P = 0.001). On multivariate analysis, higher Child-Pugh scores and increased plasma IGF-2 levels (Group 3) were found to be independent risk factors for metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Increased plasma IGF-2 levels after TACE, which are common in patients with large-sized tumors and high serum AFP levels, appear to be associated with the occurrence of metastatic HCC after TACE. Cancer 2001;91:2386–93. © 2001 American Cancer Society.
Anti-Epstein-Barr virus antibody in patients with cancer of various sites and control groups. (1975)

Sera collected from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC, 321 cases), cancer of the other sites (297 cases), diseases of the ear, nose and throat (64 cases) and neighborhood controls matched for age and sex (817 cases) were titrated for antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody technique. High anti-EBV antibody titers (greater than or equal to 1:640) were noted in 55% in patients with NPC but only less than 31% were noted for the other 3 groups. The differences in the distributions of anti-EBV antibodies are statistically significant. The geometric mean levels of the antibody titers were 1:342 for the patients with NPC but less than 1:178 for the other 3 control groups. The relative risks shows that more than 40 times higher risk for those with equal to or higher than 1:640 antibody titers than those with lower than 1:40. The patients with NPC also show for higher ridit scales than the other 3 groups. The etiology of NPC was discussed with our findings.
Introduction to the Special Section on Nano Systems and Computing (2007)

The five papers in this special section cover a wide spectrum of techniques which are encountered in nano-scale computing systems. Briefly summarizes the articles included in this section.
Application of the finite difference method to model pH and substrate concentration in a double-chamber microbial fuel cell (2013)

The purpose of this study was to develop a mathematical model that can describe glucose degradation in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) with the use of finite difference approach. The dynamic model can describe both substrate and pH changes in the anode chamber of a double-chamber MFC. It was developed using finite differences and incorporates basic mass transfer concepts. Model simulation results could fit the experimental data for substrate consumption well, while there was a moderate discrepancy (maximum 0.11 pH unit) between the simulated pH and the experimental data. A parametric sensitivity analysis showed that increases in acetate and propionate consumption rates can cause great decrease in chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the anode chamber, while an increase in glucose consumption rate does not result in significant changes of COD reduction. Therefore, the rate limitation steps of glucose degradation are the oxidations of secondary degradation products of glucose (acetate and propionate). Due to the buffering effect of the nutrient solution, the increases in glucose, acetate and propionate consumption rates did not result in much change on pH of the anode chamber.
Global Reactivity Models are Impactful in Industrial Synthesis Applications (2022)

Artificial Intelligence is revolutionizing many aspects of the pharmaceutical industry. Deep learning models are now routinely applied to guide drug discovery projects leading to faster and improved findings, but there are still many tasks with enormous unrealized potential. One such task is the reaction yield prediction. Every year more than one fifth of all synthesis attempts result in product yields which are either zero or too low. This equates to chemical and human resources being spent on activities which ultimately do not progress the programs, leading to a triple loss when accounting for the cost of opportunity in time wasted. In this work we pre-train a BERT model on more than 16 million reactions from 4 different data sources, and fine tune it to achieve an uncertainty calibrated global yield prediction model. This model is an improvement upon state of the art not just from the increase in pre-train data but also by introducing a new embedding layer which solves a few limitations of SMILES and enables integration of additional information such as equivalents and molecule role into the reaction encoding, the model is called BERT Enriched Embedding (BEE). The model is benchmarked on an open-source dataset against a state-of-the-art synthesis focused BERT showing a near 20-point improvement in r2 score. The model is fine-tuned and tested on an internal company data benchmark, and a prospective study shows that the application of the model can reduce the total number of negative reactions (yield under 5%) ran in Janssen by at least 34%. Lastly, we corroborate the previous results through experimental validation, by directly deploying the model in an on-going drug discovery project and showing that it can also be used successfully as a reagent recommender due to its fast inference speed and reliable confidence estimation, a critical feature for industry application.
The Economics of Computers (1969)

The book attempts to provide and apply a set of concepts from economic theory that may prove valuable to those who are now or may become decisionmakers in the selection, financing, and/or use of computers. Only theory relevant for such decision-makers is presented here. It deals with microeconomic theory: the focus is on the small (industry, firm, computer) and not the large (gross national product, consumer price index, unemployment). The book is intended to appeal to three groups of readers: those who now manage or set policy for computer installations, students in programs leading to degrees in computer science (or information science), and economists interested in the computer industry.
Achieving a Good Life Time in a Vertical-Organic-Diode Gas Sensor (2014)

In this study, we investigate the keys to obtain a sensitive ammonia sensor with high air stability by using a low-cost polythiophene diode with a vertical channel and a porous top electrode. Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and air-stable poly(5,5'-bis(3-dodecyl-2-thienyl)-2,2'-bithiophene) (PQT-12) are both evaluated as the active sensing layer. Two-dimensional current simulation reveals that the proposed device exhibits numerous connected vertical nanometer junctions (VNJ). Due to the de-doping reaction between ammonia molecules and the bulk current flowing through the vertical channel, both PQT-12 and P3HT VNJ-diodes exhibit detection limits of 50-ppb ammonia. The P3HT VNJ-diode, however, becomes unstable after being stored in air for two days. On the contrary, the PQT-12 VNJ-diode keeps an almost unchanged response to 50-ppb ammonia after being stored in air for 25 days. The improved storage lifetime of an organic-semiconductor-based gas sensor in air is successfully demonstrated.
Nasolabial (Nasoalveolar) Cyst (2007)

This chapter contains section titled: Clinical features Radiological features Pathogenesis Histological features Treatment
Composing Meta-Policies for Autonomous Driving Using Hierarchical Deep Reinforcement Learning (2017)

Rather than learning new control policies for each new task, it is possible, when tasks share some structure, to compose a "meta-policy" from previously learned policies. This paper reports results from experiments using Deep Reinforcement Learning on a continuous-state, discrete-action autonomous driving simulator. We explore how Deep Neural Networks can represent meta-policies that switch among a set of previously learned policies, specifically in settings where the dynamics of a new scenario are composed of a mixture of previously learned dynamics and where the state observation is possibly corrupted by sensing noise. We also report the results of experiments varying dynamics mixes, distractor policies, magnitudes/distributions of sensing noise, and obstacles. In a fully observed experiment, the meta-policy learning algorithm achieves 2.6x the reward achieved by the next best policy composition technique with 80% less exploration. In a partially observed experiment, the meta-policy learning algorithm converges after 50 iterations while a direct application of RL fails to converge even after 200 iterations.
Pixel Indicated Triple Layer: A Way for Random Image Steganography (2013)

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Generation of KCL027 research grade human embryonic stem cell line carrying a mutation in the HTT gene (2016)

The KCL027 human embryonic stem cell line was derived from an embryo donated for research that carried an autosomal dominant mutation affecting one allele of the HTT gene encoding huntingtin (43 trinucleotide repeats; 21 for the normal allele). The ICM was isolated using laser microsurgery and plated on γ-irradiated human foreskin fibroblasts. Both the derivation and cell line propagation were performed in an animal product-free environment. Pluripotent state and differentiation potential were confirmed by in vitro and in vivo assays.
The effects of hindered mobility and depletion of particles in near-wall shear flows and the implications for nanovelocimetry (2009)

The behaviour of spherical Brownian particles in a near-wall shear flow is explored using Langevin simulations and experimental measurements, focusing on the effects of anisotropic hindered particle mobility and the formation of a particle depletion layer due to repulsive forces. The results are discussed in the context of particle velocity distributions obtained by near-wall image-based velocimetry. It is observed that the shear force and dispersion dominate at high Péclet number ( Pe &gt; 3), and the asymmetric shapes of particle velocity distributions are attributed to broken symmetry due to the presence of the wall. Furthermore, the excursions outside the observation depth between image acquisitions and the shear-induced slowdowns of tracer particles cause significant measurement bias for long and short inter-frame time intervals, respectively. Also impeding the measurement accuracy is the existence of a near-wall particle depletion layer that leads to an overestimation of the fluid velocity. An analytical protocol to infer the correct fluid velocity from biased measurements is presented.
Proposals and Implementation of High Band IR-UWB for Increasing Propagation Distance for Indoor Positioning (2017)

Among various indoor positioning technologies, impulse-radio UWB is a promising technique to provide indoor positioning and tracking services with high precision. Because UWB regulations turned to imposing restrictions on UWB low band, UWB high band becomes attractive for enabling simple and low cost implementation. However, UWB high band endures much larger propagation loss than UWB low band. In this paper, we propose two separated methods to compensate the deficiency of high band in propagation. With the first method, we bundle several IR-UWB modules to increase the average transmission power, while an adaptive detection threshold is introduced at the receiver to raise receiving sensitivity with the second method. We respectively implement each of these two proposed methods and evaluate their performance through measurements in laboratory. The results show that each of them achieves about 7dB gains in signal power. Furthermore, positioning performance of these two proposed methods are evaluated and compared through field measurements in an indoor sports land.
Analytical quality-by-design (AQbD) guided development of a robust HPLC method for the quantification of plumbagin from <i>Plumbago</i> species (2021)

The present study was framed with the aim to develop a simple, efficient, and robust reverse-phase HPLC method for the quantification of plumbagin utilizing an analytical quality-by-design (AQbD) approach. HPLC was performed in Waters made high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with Waters 2996 photodiode array detector (detection at 254 nm), and reversed-phase Waters inertsil C18 column. The AQbD approach helps in finding the most suitable critical analytical attributes (CAAs) as well as high-risk critical method parameters (CMPs). Using the Box-Behnken Design experiment, the selected CMPs were optimized for the higher recovery of plumbagin. Further, the developed method was validated following International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q2 (R1) guidelines. The low divergence in intra- and inter-day experiments, and low LOD (2.4 µg/mL) and LOQ (7.2 µg/mL) values justify the high precision and sensitivity of the developed method. The developed method was further tested for the quantification of plumbagin from the two different plant source collected from two different climatic conditions. Results show that the maximum plumbagin content was found in P. indica roots. In conclusion, the AQbD approach could be used in other plant systems for the optimization of different variables to obtain a higher amount of targeted plant metabolite.
Interface Design For Programmable Cameras (2009)

This paper outlines the process of designing a set of interfaces for a programmable digital camera back-end. The set of interfaces includes a traditional, advanced and development interface. The traditional interface is a replication of a typical camera interface which is present on today’s commodity cameras. The advanced interface provides access to the programmable pipeline on the new camera architecture [Lindsay and Agu 2009]. The development interface is a tool that provides the building blocks for assembling new camera pipelines. We discuss the process and design decisions that were used in implementing the camera interfaces. We also describe how user tasks were modeled and the types of interaction the interfaces provide. This paper also explains the implementation details of building the three interfaces, along with an Expert User study to validate our design.
Bodyprint (2015)

Recent mobile phones integrate fingerprint scanners to authenticate users biometrically and replace passwords, making authentication more convenient for users. However, due to their cost, capacitive fingerprint scanners have been limited to top-of-the-line phones, a result of the required resolution and quality of the sensor. We present Bodyprint, a biometric authentication system that detects users' biometric features using the same type of capacitive sensing, but uses the touchscreen as the image sensor instead. While the input resolution of a touchscreen is ~6 dpi, the surface area is larger, allowing the touch sensor to scan users' body parts, such as ears, fingers, fists, and palms by pressing them against the display. Bodyprint compensates for the low input resolution with an increased false rejection rate, but does not compromise on authentication precision: In our evaluation with 12 participants, Bodyprint classified body parts with 99.98% accuracy and identifies users with 99.52% accuracy with a retry likelihood of 26.82% to prevent false positives, thereby bringing reliable biometric user authentication to a vast number of commodity devices.
Safety and efficacy of l‐cysteine monohydrochloride monohydrate produced by fermentation using Escherichia coli KCCM 80109 and Escherichia coli KCCM 80197 for all animal species (2020)

Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of l-cysteine monohydrochloride monohydrate produced by fermentation using two non-genetically modified strains of <i>Escherichia coli</i> K12 (<i>E. coli</i> KCCM 80109 and <i>E. coli</i> KCCM 80197) as a flavouring additive for all animal species. No safety concerns are derived from the use of these strains as production strains of the additive. The FEEDAP Panel concludes that the use of l-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate produced by <i>E. coli</i> KCCM 80109 and KCCM 80197 at concentrations up to 25 mg/kg complete feed is safe for the target species, for the consumer and for the environment. The product is proposed to be classified as respiratory irritant; however, exposure by inhalation is unlikely. Based on the results of the studies provided, it should be classified as skin irritant and that it causes serious eye damage. l-Cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate is not a dermal sensitiser. Since l-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate is used in food as flavourings, it is to be expected that it can provide a similar function in feed and no further demonstration of efficacy is necessary when used at concentrations up to 25 mg/kg complete feed and the corresponding concentration in water.
Electronically-steerable transmitarray at Ka-band with 2 bits of phase quantization (2018)

International audience
A comparison result for multisplittings and waveform relaxation methods (1995)

Abstract We show that certain multisplitting iterative methods based on overlapping blocks yield faster convergence than corresponding nonoverlapping block iterations, provided the coefficient matrix is an M‐matrix. This result can be used to compare variants of the waveform relaxation algorithm for solving initial value problems. The methods under consideration use the same discretization technique, but are based on multisplittings with different overlaps. Numerical experiments on the Intel iPSC/860 hypercube are included.
(Electronics and Photonics Division Award Address) Performance of InGaN/GaN-Based Light Emitting Diodes Fabricated with ZnO Nanorods (2018)

In this study, ITO/ZnO nanorod electrodes were used to enhance the light extraction efficiency (LEE) of InGaN-based LEDs. The ZnO nanorods were grown on ITO using a simple non-catalytic polymer-template wet-chemical growth method at a temperature of 90 ºC. In0.14Ga0.86N/GaN-based LEDs (λ = 453 nm) were fabricated with well-aligned ZnO nanorods (WAZNR), not-aligned ZnO nanorods (NAZNR), and bare-ITO electrodes (reference), and their electrical and optical properties were characterized. LEDs with WAZNR showed 39.9% and 25.4% higher electroluminescence intensity than those with bare-ITO and NAZNR, respectively. The LED fabricated with WAZNR exhibited 44.4% and 30.2% higher light output power at 100 mA, respectively, than those with ITO-only and NAZNR. Furthermore, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) at 100 mA of the LED with WAZNR was 37.1% and 43.1% higher than those of the LEDs with bare-ITO and NAZNR, respectively.
Prognostic Impact of Familial Screening in Dilated Cardiomyopathy (2010)

Our study demonstrates that family screening can effectively identify DCM patients at an earlier stage of disease and can improve survival. The possibility of changing the prognosis of DCM needs to be verified in patients intensively treated with tailored medical treatment. Family screening should be recommended for all DCM patients.
Applications of Colorimetric Solid-Phase Extraction with Negligible Depletion (2005)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Colorimetric solid-phase extraction (C-SPE) is an integrated technique in which a selected analyte is concentrated onto a disk by SPE and then measured quantitatively by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Although several C-SPE methods have been tested successfully in microgravity simulations, incorporation of air bubbles often makes it difficult to accurately measure the volume of aqueous sample used for the analysis. This paper investigates the application of negligible depletion (ND) to C-SPE. ND is based on reaching an equilibrium in which the concentration of analyte in the original sample and in the outflow from the disk are equal after a minimum volume of sample has passed through the disk. As a result, the amount of extracted analyte is proportional to the sample concentration but independent of sample volume. With this approach, called C-SPE-ND, the precise measurement of sample volume is no longer necessary. The general principles of this new method and preliminary tests of its potential utility using methyl violet and silver(I), the latter of which is the biocide presently used on ISS, are described.&lt;/div&gt;