gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Erratum: “Vector network analyzer ferromagnetic resonance spectrometer with field differential detection” [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 89, 053901 (2018)] (2021)

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2-Methoxyestradiol-3,17-O,O-bis-sulfamate (STX140) Inhibits Proliferation and Invasion via Senescence Pathway Induction in Human BRAFi-Resistant Melanoma Cells (2023)

The endogenous estradiol derivative 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME) has shown good and wide anticancer activity but suffers from poor oral bioavailability and extensive metabolic conjugation. However, its sulfamoylated derivative, 2-methoxyestradiol-3,17-<i>O</i>,<i>O</i>-bis-sulfamate (STX140), has superior potential as a therapeutic agent, acts by disrupting microtubule polymerization, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells and possesses much better pharmaceutical properties. This study investigated the antiproliferative and anti-invasive activities of STX140 in both SKMEL-28 naïve melanoma (SKMEL28-P) cells and resistant melanoma cells (SKMEL-28R). STX140 inhibited cell proliferation in the nanomolar range while having a less pronounced effect on human melanocytes. Additionally, STX140 induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and sub-G1, reduced migration, and clonogenic potential in monolayer models, and inhibited invasion in a 3D human skin model with melanoma cells. Furthermore, STX140 induced senescence features in melanoma and activated the senescence machinery by upregulating the expression of senescence genes and proteins related to senescence signaling. These findings suggest that STX140 may hold potential as a therapeutic agent for melanoma treatment.
Effects of microsized and nanosized carbon fillers on the thermal and electrical properties of polyphenylene sulfide based composites (2013)

Multifunctional polymer matrix composites (PMCs) exhibiting increased thermal and electrical conductivity can be achieved by adding conductive carbon‐based fillers in the polymer matrix. Emerging markets for thermally and electrically conductive PMCs include heat management devices in electronics, light emitting diodes, and/or photovoltaics cells as well as bipolar plates in fuel cells. In this study, the effects of microsized and nanosized carbon fillers [e.g., pitch‐based carbon fibers (CF), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT), and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)] on the multifunctional properties of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) matrix composites were investigated. Among the three carbon‐based fillers, experimental results revealed that GNPs were the most effective fillers to promote the PMC's effective thermal conductivity ( k eff ). The highest k eff of 1.94 W/m K was attained by adding 30.0 wt% (i.e., 22.4 vol%) of GNPs in the PPS matrix. The nano‐sized MWNTs and GNPs had lower percolation threshold than the micron sized CFs to suppress the composite's electrical impedance. However, the coefficient of thermal expansion and the compressive elastic modulus of the composites were only slightly improved with the filler addition. The different levels of improvement in the composite's multifunctional properties can be related to the filler geometry, filler size, and the composite's phase morphology. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 53:2398–2406, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
Heartbeat and Respiration Detection Using a Low Complexity CW Radar System (2021)

Cardiopulmonary monitoring mainly relies on electrodes in contact with the skin. This can be challenging in cases of patients with compromised skin, premature babies or in assisted living applications where the elderly may remove their sensors. Hence, it is of high importance to be able to detect human vital signs in a contactless and non-intrusive manner. Methods such as the use of cameras do not protect the privacy of a patient. This work presents the theory and optimized implementation of an alternative method, a continuous wave (CW) radar sensor system, that successfully detects the heartbeat and respiration of a person from a distance of 1 m. The proposed implementation allows for the first time, to improve the quality of the detected signal by cancelling undesired DC components, detrimental to heartbeat detection via manual analog tuning.
Doping Limits of Grown in<i />situ Doped Silicon Nanowires Using Phosphine (2008)

Structural characterization and electrical measurements of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) synthesized by Au catalyzed vapor-liquid-solid growth using silane and axially doped in situ with phosphine are reported. We demonstrate that highly n-doped SiNWs can be grown without structural defects and high selectivity and find that addition of the dopant reduces the growth rate by less than 8% irrespective of the radius. This indicates that also the dopant incorporation is radius-independent. On the basis of electrical measurements on individual wires, contact resistivities as low as 1.2 x 10(-7) omega cm(-2) were extracted. Resistivity measurements reveal a reproducible donor incorporation of up to 1.5 x 1020 cm-3 using a gas phase ratios of Si/P = 1.5 x 10(-2). Higher dopant gas concentrations did not lead to an increase of the doping concentration beyond 1.5 x10(20) cm(-3).
Cross-Coupling Reaction with Lithium Methyltriolborate (2012)

We newly developed lithium methyltriolborate as an air-stable white solid that is convenient to handle. The good performance of this triolborate for metal-catalyzed bond-forming reactions was demonstrated in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with haloarenes. Cross-coupling reaction of [MeB(OCH₂)₃CCH₃]Li with aryl halides occurred in the presence of Pd(OAc)₂/RuPhos complex in refluxing MeOH/H₂O and the absence of bases.
Interactive image-guided hepatic surgery (1999)

While laparoscopes are used for numerous minimally invasive procedures, minimally invasive liver resection and ablation occur infrequently. the paucity of cases is due to limited field of view and difficulty in determination of tumor location and margins under video guidance. By merging minimally invasive surgery with interactive, image-guided surgery, we hope to make laparoscopic liver procedures feasible. In previous work, we described methods for tracking an endoscope accurately in patient space and registration between endoscopic image space and physical space using the direct linear transformation (DLT). We have now developed a PC-based software system to display up to four 512 &Chi; 512 images indicating current surgical position using an active optical tracking system. We have used this system in several open liver cases and believe that a surface-based registration technique can be used to register physical space to tomographic space after liver mobilization. For preliminary phantom liver studies, our registration error is approximately 2.0mm. The surface-based registration technique will allow better localization of non-visible liver tumors, more accurate probe placement for ablation procedures, and more accurate margin determination for open surgical liver cases. The surface-based registration technique will allow better localization of non-visible liver tumors, more accurate probe placement for ablation procedures, and more accurate margin determination for open surgical liver cases. The surface-based/DLT registration methods, in combination with the video display and tracked endoscope, will hopefully make laparoscopic liver cryoablation and resection procedures feasible.
Subcarrier opportunistic proportional fair scheduling for OFDMA systems (2008)

Resource allocation (RA) for OFDMA has been extensively researched with the objective of maximizing capacity while serving users in a fair manner. However, most of the previous works have focused on achieving these requirements per symbol (instantaneously). On the other hand proportional fair (PF) scheduling which is widely deployed in 3G data networks achieves the system objectives over a certain time, thus adding flexibility and increasing the system throughput. PF scheduling has been modified to work in OFDMA in a few studies, but they have extended the scheme without making use of the additional capacity increase that can be achieved by considering individual relative subcarrier responses. In this paper we propose a simple subcarrier opportunistic proportional fair (SOPF) scheduling scheme specifically suited to OFDMA. It includes a measure that makes the allocation assign the subcarrier to the user who has the best response relative to the average response of that subcarrier with the rest of the users. The result is that our SOPF scheme achieves a capacity-fairness measure above the traditional PF scheme.
The Influence of Turbulence and Reynolds Number on Endwall Heat Transfer in a Vane Cascade (2023)

Abstract Endwall heat transfer measurements have been acquired in a vane cascade over a range of turbulence conditions and Reynolds numbers using an array of small commercial infrared (IR) cameras. The linear cascade was tested over five inlet turbulence conditions ranging from low turbulence (0.7%) to high turbulence (17.4%) and three exit chord Reynolds numbers ranging from 500,000 to 2,000,000. The small commercial IR cameras made by Therm-App have a resolution of 384 by 288 pixels and were connected to individual smartphones to record the images. The cascade was modified with small zinc selenide windows to provide IR access for the cameras. The five cameras were calibrated against a constant temperature test plate and the output images were adjusted for the fisheye effect and thermal droop at the edges. The large-scale low-speed cascade, used in the endwall heat transfer study, was configured in a four-vane three full passage arrangement. The vane design includes a large leading and aft loading. This same cascade has been used in the acquisition of vane surface heat transfer distributions, vane suction surface heat transfer visualizations, and vane surface film cooling distributions. This paper includes comparisons with two large eddy simulation calculations, which were conducted prior to the acquisition of the heat transfer data. The influence of the secondary flows on the endwall heat transfer distributions, including the leading edge horseshoe vortex system, is particularly visible at lower turbulence levels and lower Reynolds numbers. However, at higher turbulence levels, the influence of secondary flows is less visible but the influence of Reynolds number and turbulence on transition can be discerned.
Predictors of Use and Outcomes of Mechanical Valve Replacement in the United States (2008–2017) (2021)

Background Contemporary nationwide data on the use, predictors, and outcomes of mechanical valve replacement in patients less than 70 years of age are limited. Methods and Results We identified hospitalizations for aortic valve replacement (AVR) or mitral valve replacement (MVR) in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2017. The study's end points included predictors of mechanical valve replacement and risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality. Among 253 100 hospitalizations for AVR, the use rate of mechanical prosthesis decreased from 45.3% in 2008 to 17.0% in 2017. Among 284 962 hospitalizations for MVR, mechanical prosthesis use decreased from 59.5% in 2008 to 29.2% in 2017 (<i>P</i> for trend<0.001). In multilogistic regression analyses, female sex, prior sternotomy, prior defibrillator, and South/West geographic location were predictive of mechanical valve use. The presence of bicuspid valve was a negative predictor of mechanical AVR (odds ratio [OR], 0.68; 95% CI, 0.66-0.69; <i>P</i><0.001), whereas mitral stenosis was associated with higher mechanical MVR (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.22-1.33; <i>P</i><0.001). Unadjusted in-hospital mortality decreased over time with AVR but not with MVR, regardless of prosthesis choice. Using years 2008 and 2009 as a reference, risk-adjusted mortality also decreased over time with AVR but did not decrease after MVR. Conclusions There is a substantial decline in the use of mechanical valve replacement among patients aged ≤70 years in the United States. Long-term durability data on bioprosthetic valve replacement are needed to better define the future role of mechanical valves in this age group.
Voice source parameters estimation by fitting the glottal formant and the inverse filtering open phase (2008)

This paper presents two approaches to the problem of ex-tracting the parameters of the LF source model directly from the speech waveform. The first approach relies on the glot-tal formant estimated from the anticausal contribution of speech. Indeed the ZZT technique has recently shown its ability to deconvolve speech into its causal and anticausal components. The second method is based on the glottal open phase obtained by inverse filtering. The notion of unanalyz-able frames and the way to detect and correct them are also presented. Once source parameters are extracted, the coef-ficients of the ARX speech production model are estimated by spectral division. Decomposition on both synthetic and natural speech, as well as an analysis-synthesis test confirm the accuracy of methods exposed. 1.
Dynamic performance tuning of word-based software transactional memory (2008)

The current generation of software transactional memories has the advantage of being simple and efficient. Nevertheless, there are several parameters that affect the performance of a transactional memory, for example the locality of the application and the cache line size of the processor. In this paper, we investigate dynamic tuning mechanisms on a new time-based software transactional memory implementation. We study in extensive measurements the performance of our implementation and exhibit the benefits of dynamic tuning. We compare our results with TL2, which is currently one of the fastest word-based software transactional memories.
Reply to: Social Causes of Rational Suicide in Older Adults (2018)

This letter comments on the letter by Reines et al .
Pseudomonas pili. Studies on antigenic determinants and mammalian cell receptors. (1985)

P. aeruginosa PAK pili are thin 5.2 nm diameter filaments containing a single 15-kd polypeptide subunit which is 144 amino acid residues in length. Studies on pili binding to a variety of synthetic sugars representing many di- tri- and tetra-saccharide structures found in mammalian glycoproteins and glycolipids failed to reveal any significant binding activity. On the other hand, a wide spectrum of binding activities was observed when a variety of structural proteins and enzymes were used as binding substrates. Of 30 proteins tested, phosphorylase b, pyruvate kinase and aldolase showed highest pilus binding activity. It was concluded that the PAK pilus receptor is probably a polypeptide rather than an oligosaccharide. Using arginine-specific cleavage to produce four large peptides, several proteases to produce subfragments of the large peptides, and antipilus rabbit antiserum, PAK pilin was found to contain four antigenic determinants. Epitopes near the NH2- and COOH-termini were only weakly immunogenic, whereas two epitopes near the center of the pilus protein titrated about 85% of the antipilus antibodies. Cleavage of the pilus protein into smaller peptides resulted in marked decreases in the affinity of antigenic peptides for their specific antibodies, suggesting that the immunodominant epitopes of PAK pilin are conformation-specific.
Proton‐Induced Change of the Coordination Mode of a Boron Group: Boryl Complexes [Mn(CO)<sub>4</sub>(PR<sub>3</sub>)(BH<sub>2</sub>⋅PMe<sub>3</sub>)] and Cationic Borane σ Complexes [Mn(CO)<sub>4</sub>(PR<sub>3</sub>)(η<sup>1</sup>‐BH<sub>3</sub>⋅PMe<sub>3</sub>)]<sup>+</sup> (2003)

Mode change on protonation: New borylmanganese complexes 1 undergo protonation to give cationic borane σ complexes 2. Heterolytic cleavage of the metal-coordinated BH bond was observed in the decomposition process of 2.
Smart-Its: An Embedded Platform for Smart Objects (2003)

Computer and communication hardware has become so small and inexpensive to consider their embedding in everyday objects. As a consequence it is expected that networked smart objects will give rise to new types of application and in particular such that are more tightly coupled with activity in the physical world. Recent years have seen many design examples for smart objects but for lack of a suitable platform it has remained difficult to study applications that involve networked operation of a diversity of such objects. In the Smart-Its project we are addressing this concern with development of embedded technology designed for post hoc augmentation of everyday objects. This paper describes our technology concept and the design of the 1G Smart-Its hardware/software platform.
Mutation of epidermal growth factor receptor is associated with MIG6 expression (2009)

Controlled activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is systematically guaranteed at the molecular level; however, aberrant activation of EGFR is frequently found in cancer. Transcription induced by EGFR activation often involves the coordinated expression of genes that positively and negatively regulate the original signaling pathway; therefore, alterations in EGFR kinase activity may reflect changes in gene expression associated with the pathway. In the present study, we investigated transcriptional changes after EGF stimulation with or without the EGFR kinase inhibitor Iressa in H1299 human non-small-cell lung cancer cells [parental H1299, H1299 cells that overexpress wild-type EGFR (EGFR-WT) and mutant H1299 cells that overexpress EGFR where Leu858 is substituted with Arg (L858R)]. The results obtained clearly demonstrate differences in transcriptional activity in the absence or presence of EGFR kinase activity, with genes sharing the same molecular functions showing distinct expression dynamics. The results show the particular enrichment of EGFR/ErbB signaling-related genes in a differentially expressed gene set, and significant protein expression of MIG6/RALT(ERRFI1), an EGFR negative regulator, was confirmed in L858R. High MIG6 protein expression was correlated with basal EGFR phosphorylation and inversely correlated with EGF-induced extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase phosphorylation levels. Investigation of the NCI-60 cell lines showed that ERRFI1 expression was correlated with EGFR expression, regardless of tissue type. These results suggest that cells accumulate MIG6 as an inherent negative regulator to suppress excess EGFR activity when basal EGFR kinase activity is considerably high. Taking all the above together, an EGFR mutation can cause transcriptional changes to accommodate the activation potency of the original signaling pathway at the cellular level.
Characterization of protein interaction with tunable microfabricated hydrogels (2003)

Work was completed to quantify biomolecule diffusion into photopolymerized hydrogels of varying crosslinking densities. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and gray-scale fluorescence intensity photographs were used in the analysis. For diffusion rates, three proteins were examined: bovine serum albumin, lysozyme, and IgG1. The diffusion in the hydrogels appears to be linearly related to the swelling ratio of the hydrogel and dependent on the hydrodynamic radius of the diffusant once critical crosslinking density has been reached. Higher swelling ratio gels exhibit a larger degree of protein penetration and "storage" in the gel matrix. We conclude that the use of these methods to characterize engineering materials with biomolecules will contribute to a better understanding and better design of sensors and actuators in a biological environment.
Computationally efficient multiscale neural networks applied to fluid flow in complex 3D porous media (2024)

The permeability of complex porous materials is of interest to many engineering disciplines. This quantity can be obtained via direct flow simulation, which provides the most accurate results, but is very computationally expensive. In particular, the simulation convergence time scales poorly as the simulation domains become less porous or more heterogeneous. Semi-analytical models that rely on averaged structural properties (i.e., porosity and tortuosity) have been proposed, but these features only partly summarize the domain, resulting in limited applicability. On the other hand, data-driven machine learning approaches have shown great promise for building more general models by virtue of accounting for the spatial arrangement of the domains’ solid boundaries. However, prior approaches building on the convolutional neural network (ConvNet) literature concerning 2D image recognition problems do not scale well to the large 3D domains required to obtain a representative elementary volume (REV). As such, most prior work focused on homogeneous samples, where a small REV entails that the global nature of fluid flow could be mostly neglected, and accordingly, the memory bottleneck of addressing 3D domains with ConvNets was side-stepped. Therefore, important geometries such as fractures and vuggy domains could not be modeled properly. In this work, we address this limitation with a general multiscale deep learning model that is able to learn from porous media simulation data. By using a coupled set of neural networks that view the domain on different scales, we enable the evaluation of large (>512<sup>3</sup>) images in approximately one second on a single graphics processing unit. This model architecture opens up the possibility of modeling domain sizes that would not be feasible using traditional direct simulation tools on a desktop computer. We validate our method with a laminar fluid flow case using vuggy samples and fractures. As a result of viewing the entire domain at once, our model is able to perform accurate prediction on domains exhibiting a large degree of heterogeneity. We expect the methodology to be applicable to many other transport problems where complex geometries play a central role.
Optimization of dual‐energy imaging systems using generalized NEQ and imaging task (2006)

Dual-energy (DE) imaging is a promising advanced application of flat-panel detectors (FPDs) with a potential host of applications ranging from thoracic and cardiac imaging to interventional procedures. The performance of FPD-based DE imaging systems is investigated in this work by incorporating the noise-power spectrum associated with overlying anatomical structures ("anatomical noise" modeled according to a 1/f characteristic) into descriptions of noise-equivalent quanta (NEQ) to yield the generalized NEQ (GNEQ). Signal and noise propagation in the DE imaging chain is modeled by cascaded systems analysis. A Fourier-based description of the imaging task is integrated with the GNEQ to yield a detectability index used as an objective function for optimizing DE image reconstruction, allocation of dose between low- and high-energy images, and selection of low- and high-kVp. Optimal reconstruction and acquisition parameters were found to depend on dose; for example, optimal kVp varied from [60/150] kVp at typical radiographic dose levels (approximately 0.5 mGy entrance surface dose, ESD) but increased to [90/150] kVp at high dose (ESD approximately 5.0 mGy). At very low dose (ESD approximately 0.05 mGy), detectability index indicates an optimal low-energy technique of 60 kVp but was largely insensitive to the choice of high-kVp in the range 120-150 kVp. Similarly, optimal dose allocation, defined as the ratio of low-energy ESD and the total ESD, varied from 0.2 to 0.4 over the range ESD=(0.05-5.0) mGy. Furthermore, two applications of the theoretical framework were explored: (i) the increase in detectability for DE imaging compared to conventional radiography; and (ii) the performance of single-shot vs double-shot DE imaging, wherein the latter is found to have a DQE approximately twice that of the former. Experimental and theoretical analysis of GNEQ and task-based detectability index provides a fundamental understanding of the factors governing DE imaging performance and offers a framework for system design and optimization.