gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydro‐2‐methyl‐3‐oxo‐N‐aryl‐2H(1)benzothieno(3,2‐e)‐1,2‐thiazine‐4‐carboxamide 1,1‐Dioxides. (1988)

Abstract 3‐Methylbenzothiophene (I) is converted to the sulfonamido acid (VII) as shown in the reaction scheme.
Effects of cytotoxic factors of Helicobacter pylori on superoxide generation in situ in the rabbit stomach. (1994)

Acute gastritis and superoxide generation in situ were induced by ammonia after pretreatment with FMLP.
Hierarchical clustering of 69 tumor samples with available gene expression data (2011)

Clustering was based on 364 genes from the intrinsic gene list published by Sørlie and colleagues [] that matched our cDNA clones. Colored boxes indicate classification of each tumor into subtypes/subgroups. Filled or open boxes indicate the percentage of cells in each tumor positive for the CD44/CD24and CD44/CD24phenotypes as determined by immunohistochemistry. SR, steroid receptor. Hu classification, Hu and colleagues [].<b>Copyright information:</b>Taken from "The CD44/CD24phenotype is enriched in basal-like breast tumors"http://breast-cancer-research.com/content/10/3/R53Breast Cancer Research : BCR 2008;10(3):R53-R53.Published online 17 Jun 2008PMCID:PMC2481503.
<i>SIX1</i>mutation screening in 247 branchio-oto-renal syndrome families: a recurrent missense mutation associated with BOR (2008)

Branchio-oto-renal syndrome (BOR) is a clinically heterogeneous autosomal dominant form of syndromic hearing loss characterized by variable hearing impairment, malformations of the pinnae, the presence of branchial arch remnants, and various renal abnormalities. Both EYA1 and SIX1 are expressed in developing otic, branchial and renal tissue. Consistent with this expression pattern, mutations in both genes cause BOR syndrome. Mutations in EYA1 are found in approximately 40% of patients with the BOR phenotype, however, the role of SIX1 is much lower. To date only three different SIX1 mutations have been described in BOR patients. The current screen of 247 BOR families detected five novel SIX1 mutations (c.50T>A, c.218A>C, c.317T>G, c.329G>A, c.334C>T) and one previously reported mutation (c.328C>T) seen in 5 unrelated families. All mutations are within the protein-binding Six domain. Phenotypic variability was high in these BOR families. Seven of the eight known SIX1 mutations are missense and the one in frame deletion is predicted to be functionally similar. The wide phenotypic variability precludes making genotype-phenotype correlations at this time.
Liquid Jet Instability and Atomization in a Coaxial Gas Stream (2000)

▪ Abstract An overview of the near and far-field breakup and atomization of a liquid jet by a high speed annular gas jet is presented. The various regimes of liquid jet breakup are discussed in the parameter space of the liquid Reynolds number, the aerodynamic Weber number, and the ratio of the momentum fluxes between the gas and the liquid streams. Recent measurements of the gas-liquid interfacial instabilities are reviewed and used to analyze the underlying physical mechanisms involved in the primary breakup of the liquid jet. This process is shown to consist of the periodic stripping of liquid sheets, or ligaments, which subsequently break up into smaller lumps or drops. Models to predict the liquid shedding frequency, as well as the global parameters of the spray such as the liquid core length and spray spreading angle are discussed and compared with the experiments. The role of the secondary liquid breakup on the far-field atomization of the liquid jet is also considered, and an attempt is made to apply the classical turbulent breakup concepts to explain qualitatively the measurement of the far-field droplet size distribution and its dependence on the liquid to gas mass and momentum flux ratios. Models for the droplet breakup frequency in the far-field region of the jet, and for the daughter-size probability density function, which account for the effect of the liquid loading on the local turbulent dissipation rate in the gas, are discussed in the context of the statistical description of the spray in the far field. The striking effect of the addition of swirl in the gas stream is also examined.
CO2 and phosphate availability control the toxicity of the harmful bloom dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum (2010)

AME Aquatic Microbial Ecology Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials AME 59:55-65 (2010) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01396 CO2 and phosphate availability control the toxicity of the harmful bloom dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum Fei-Xue Fu1,*, Allen R. Place2, Nathan S. Garcia1, David A Hutchins1 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA 2Center of Marine Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, USA *Email: ffu@usc.edu ABSTRACT: We demonstrated that the toxicity of the harmful bloom dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum is regulated by both CO2 concentrations and phosphate availability. Semi-continuous cultures were grown in a factorial experiment under all combinations of 3 CO2 levels (230, 430 and 745 ppm) and 2 phosphate conditions (0.5 and 20 µM). After steady-state acclimation was achieved, karlotoxin cellular quotas and growth rates were determined in all 6 treatments. This strain produced both types of karlotoxin, KmTx-1 and KmTx-2. Chlorophyll a-normalized production of the 2 types of karlotoxins was much higher in P-limited cultures compared with P-replete ones under the same CO2 conditions. Increasing CO2 strongly stimulated production of KmTx-1 and decreased production of KmTx-2 in both treatments, but especially in P-limited cultures. Because the KmTx-1 toxin is an order of magnitude more potent than KmTx-2, total cellular toxicity was increased dramatically at high pCO2, particularly in P-limited cultures. Specific growth rates were accelerated by enriched CO2 in P-replete cultures, but not in P-limited treatments. Growth rates or toxicity of K. veneficum could increase substantially in the future with high CO2 levels in the ocean, depending on P availability, and so interactions between rising CO2 and eutrophication could cause major shifts in present day patterns of harmful algal toxin production. These results suggest that over the coming decades, rising CO2 could substantially increase karlotoxin damage to food webs in the often P-limited estuaries where Karlodinium blooms occur. KEY WORDS: Harmful algae · Karlodinium veneficum · Karlotoxin · CO2 · Phosphate · Dinoflagellates · Ocean acidification · Algal toxin Full text in pdf format PreviousNextCite this article as: Fu FX, Place AR, Garcia NS, Hutchins DA (2010) CO2 and phosphate availability control the toxicity of the harmful bloom dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum. Aquat Microb Ecol 59:55-65. https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01396 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in AME Vol. 59, No. 1. Online publication date: March 11, 2010 Print ISSN: 0948-3055; Online ISSN: 1616-1564 Copyright © 2010 Inter-Research.
CHARGE REARRANGEMENT IN (HCN)2 AND (HCN)3 (1988)

$^{\ast}$ Work supported by NSF and PRF. $^{1}$ R. S. Ruoff, T. Emilsson, C. Chuang, T. D. Kiots, and H. S. Gutowsky. Chem. Phys. Letters 138, 553 (1987). $^{2}$ R.S. Ruoff, T. Emlisson. T. D. Kiots, C. Chuang, and H. S. Gutowsky, J. Chem. Phys., submitted. $^{3}$ E. J. Campbell and S. G. Kukolich, Chem. Phys. 76, 225 (1983).
Data from Preclinical Development of ADCT-601, a Novel Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Dimer-based Antibody–drug Conjugate Targeting AXL-expressing Cancers (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;AXL, a tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed in many solid and hematologic malignancies, facilitates cancer progression and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Importantly, drug-induced expression of AXL results in resistance to conventional chemotherapy and targeted therapies. Together with its presence on multiple cell types in the tumor immune microenvironment, these features make it an attractive therapeutic target for AXL-expressing malignancies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;ADCT-601 (mipasetamab uzoptirine) is an AXL-targeted antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) comprising a humanized anti-AXL antibody site specifically conjugated using GlycoConnect technology to PL1601, which contains HydraSpace, a Val-Ala cleavable linker and the potent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer cytotoxin SG3199. This study aimed to validate the ADCT-601 mode of action and evaluate its efficacy &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;, as well as its tolerability and pharmacokinetics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;ADCT-601 bound to both soluble and membranous AXL, and was rapidly internalized by AXL-expressing tumor cells, allowing release of PBD dimer, DNA interstrand cross-linking, and subsequent cell killing. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;, ADCT-601 had potent and durable antitumor activity in a wide variety of human cancer xenograft mouse models, including patient-derived xenograft models with heterogeneous AXL expression where ADCT-601 antitumor activity was markedly superior to an auristatin-based comparator ADC. Notably, ADCT-601 had antitumor activity in a monomethyl auristatin E–resistant lung-cancer model and synergized with the PARP inhibitor olaparib in a BRCA1-mutated ovarian cancer model. ADCT-601 was well tolerated at doses of up to 6 mg/kg and showed excellent stability &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;These preclinical results warrant further evaluation of ADCT-601 in the clinic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Continuous–Discrete Observation-Based Robust Tracking Control of Underwater Vehicles: Design, Stability Analysis, and Experiments (2022)

This study addresses the tracking control problem of underwater vehicles using a new robust observation-based control scheme. The advantages of the robust integral of the sign of the error (RISE) control, as well as the saturation function and well-known super-twisting algorithm, have been exploited to design a saturated super-twisting RISE (S+RISE) control scheme. However, the proposed S+RISE method requires continuous state measurements. To resolve this issue, a continuous–discrete time observer (CDO) is proposed, which works in tandem with the proposed controller. The resulting control scheme is known as CDO-S+RISE. In addition to estimating disturbances, the proposed CDO solves the problem of multiple sampling rates of the sensors. To demonstrate the asymptotic stability of the resulting nonobservation-based closed-loop dynamics with the proposed S+RISE control scheme, Lyapunov arguments are proposed. Then, the exponential stability of the unperturbed closed loop with the proposed CDO, as well as with the proposed S+RISE controller, is studied based on the Lyapunov–Krasovskii concept. To verify the performance recovery of the overall observation-based closed-loop system CDO-S+RISE (controlled by the proposed S+RISE control scheme), an invariant set <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {A}_{\mathbb {R}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is determined using a composite Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, which guarantees the convergence of the tracking errors to the origin. Several real-time experimental scenarios were conducted on the Leonard underwater vehicle prototype to validate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed CDO-S+RISE scheme.
Spin Asymmetry Calculations of the $TMR\hbox{-}V$ Curves in Single and Double-Barrier Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (2011)

Spin-polarization asymmetry is the key parameter in asymmetric voltage behavior (AVB) of the tunnel magnetoresistance ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TMR</i> ) in magnetic tunnel junctions. In this paper, we study the value of the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TMR</i> as a function of the applied voltage <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Va</i> in the single as well as double barrier magnetic tunnel junctions (SMTJ & DMTJ, which are constructed from CoFeB/MgO interfaces) and numerically estimate the possible difference of the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TMR</i> - <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Va</i> curves for negative and positive voltages in the homojunctions. As a result, we found that AVB may help to determine the exact values of Fermi wave vectors for minority and majority conducting spin sub-bands. Moreover, significant asymmetry of the experimental <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TMR</i> - <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Va</i> curves, which arises due to different annealing regimes, is explained by different heights of the tunnel barriers and values of the spin asymmetry. The numerical <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TMR</i> - <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Va</i> data are in good agreement with experimental ones.
Dynamic Aspects of Wetting Balance Tests (1996)

The relationships between the force measured during wetting balance tests and the observed changes of contact angle and meniscus shape are studied. Experiments using silicone oil at 25, 50, and 100°C on glass plates as well as Pb-Sn eutectic solder on Au-coated glass plates are reported. Discrepancies between the measured force and height and those expected for a static meniscus are detailed. Equilibrium meniscus shapes are computed for wide plates using the elastica solution and for narrow plates using the public-domain software package, “Surface Evolver.” For room temperature experiments with oil, the measured force discrepancy disappears when the meniscus rise is complete. Thus, the force discrepancy may be due to shear stress exerted on the sample by fluid rising up the sample. For static menisci with heated liquids, force and meniscus height discrepancies do not disappear when the meniscus rise is complete. These discrepancies can be explained by Marangoni flow due to temperature gradients in the fluid for the oil experiments but not for the solder experiments.
Supplementary Table 1 from Salivary Proteomics for Oral Cancer Biomarker Discovery (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Salivary Proteomics for Oral Cancer Biomarker Discovery
Effect of makeup water properties on the condenser fouling in power planr cooling system (2011)

The thermoelectric power industry in the U.S. uses a large amount of fresh water. As available freshwater for use in thermoelectric power production becomes increasingly limited, use of nontraditional water sources is of growing interest. Utilization of nontraditional water, in cooling systems increases the potential for mineral precipitation on heat exchanger surfaces. In that regard, predicting the accelerated rate of scaling and fouling in condenser is crucial to evaluate the condenser performance. To achieve this goal, water chemistry should be incorporated in cooling system modeling and simulation. This paper addresses the effects of various makeup water properties on the cooling system, namely pH and aqueous speciation, both of which are important factors affecting the fouling rate in the main condenser. Detailed modeling of the volatile species desorption (i.e. CO{sub 2} and NH{sub 3}), the formation of scale in the recirculating system, and the relationship between water quality and the corresponding fouling rates is presented.
Does haemophilia influence cancer‐related mortality in HIV‐negative patients? (2010)

Clinical investigations and animal studies suggest haemophilia specific effects on cancer-related mortality aside from virus induced malignancies. Analysis of results in the literature proposes that coagulation factor deficiency might inhibit cancer metastasis through decreased activation of thrombin. On the other hand, substitution of coagulation factor might increase cancer rates. A review of epidemiological studies was conducted to survey the clinical data on cancer rates. Clinical investigations concerning cancer-related mortality in haemophilia always deal with virus-related malignancies caused by HIV and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Therefore, analysis of cancer rates and standardized mortality ratios (SMR) of cancer in the literature was conducted under exclusion of HIV infection and concomitant malignancies like non-Hodgkin-lymphomas and under exclusion of HCV-related deaths caused by liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. The survey covers epidemiological studies which report causes of deaths of more than 8000 haemophilia patients, including more than 2700 HIV-negative patients. Results show virus independent cancer rates of 8-16% of deaths. Analysis of corresponding SMRs supports the hypothesis that cancer rates, unaffected through HIV or hepatoma, are decreased in haemophilia when compared with the general population. Prospective data collection regarding factor consumption as well as severity of haemophilia in virus negative cancer patients is needed to investigate the interaction between haemophilia and cancer.
HIV disease progression correlates with the generation of dysfunctional naive CD8low T cells (2011)

HIV infection can result in depletion of total CD4(+) T cells and naive CD8(+) T cells, and in the generation of dysfunctional effector CD8(+) T cells. In this study, we show that naive CD8(+) T cells in subjects with progressive HIV disease express low levels of CD8α and CD8β chains. Such naive CD8(low) T cells display broad signaling defects across the T-cell receptor complex, and their appearance correlates with generalized up-regulation of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) antigens on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). To explore a causal link between increased MHC-I up-regulation and the generation of naive CD8(low) T cells, we used the humanized SCID-hu Thy/Liv mouse model to show that HIV infection of the thymus and interferon α (IFNα) treatment alone result in MHC-I up-regulation and in the generation of dysfunctional CD3(high)CD8(+)CD4(-) single-positive 8 (SP8) thymocytes with low expression of CD8. We suggest that dysfunctional naive CD8(low) T cells are generated as a result of IFNα-mediated up-regulation of MHC-I on stromal cells in the thymus and antigen-presenting cells in the periphery, and that dysfunction in this naive compartment contributes to the immunodeficiency of HIV disease. This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00187512.
<i>Dendropanax morbifera</i>Léveille extract ameliorates D-galactose-induced memory deficits by decreasing inflammatory responses in the hippocampus (2017)

In the present study, we examined the effects of <i>Dendropanax morbifera</i> Léveille leaf extract (DML) on D-galactose-induced morphological changes in microglia and cytokines, including pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) in the hippocampus. Administration of DML to D-galactose-treated mice significantly improved D-galactose-induced reduction in escape latency, swimming speed, and spatial preference for the target quadrant. In addition, administration of DML to D-galactose-treated mice significantly ameliorated the microglial activation and increases of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in the hippocampus. Administration of D-galactose significantly reduced IL-4 levels in the hippocampus, while administration of DML to D-galactose-treated mice significantly increased IL-4 level. However, we did not observe any significant changes in IL-10 levels in hippocampal homogenates. These results suggest that DML reduces D-galactose-induced mouse senescence by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, as well as increasing anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphotriester Approach to the Synthesis of Oligonucleotides: A Reappraisal (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
New Biliary Endoprosthesis Less Liable to Block in Biliary Infections: Description and In Vitro Studies (1999)

These results confirm previous studies that showed that HyalSx appreciably inhibited the adhesion of bacteria and is therefore a suitable material for the manufacture of biliary stents.
A study on GaN-based betavoltaic batteries (2022)

Abstract In this paper, a GaN-based betavoltaic epitaxial structure was grown by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition and a p-type ohmic contact was studied for different Ni/Au metal thickness ratios, temperature dependent in N 2 :O 2 (1:1) gas atmosphere and different surface treatments for this epitaxial structure. Transfer length method measurements were done after each different process condition in order to check specific contact resistivities. GaN-based betavoltaic batteries were fabricated and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used as an electron source to test these devices. For this purpose, devices connected to a printed circuit board were exposed to an electron current of 1.5 nA with 17 keV energy in the SEM. For 1 × 1 mm 2 devices, a dark current value of 2.8 pA at 0 V, fill factor of 0.35, maximum power conversion efficiency of 3.92%, and maximum output power of 1 µ W were obtained.
NASA Mission to Measure Global Plant Physiology and Functional Types (2008)

A NASA Earth mission concept has been developed that focuses on a set of science objectives related to the measurement of plant physiology and functional type for terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The NRC Decadal Survey specifically calls for the HyspIRI mission to measure terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. A review of the literature in conjunction with analysis of ongoing ecosystem research established imaging spectroscopy in the solar reflected portion of the spectrum as the appropriate approach to address these objectives. For these topics a detailed requirement analysis was performed that specified the measurement objectives, measurement requirements, instrument requirement and other requirements. These were distilled into a single set of spectral, radiometric, spatial, uniformity and temporal requirement. Key among these are: spectral coverage from 380 to 2500 nm at 10 nm sampling, radiometric resolution and precision giving high signal-to-noise ratios for dark aquatic targets, spatial sampling of 60 m, spectral and spectral IFOV uniformity > 95%, and temporal coverage with a 19 day repeat at the equator.
Environmental knowledge creation and management process: formalisation, diffusion and valorisation model (2002)

To integrate the environment in product design is neither a recent processing method nor an original one. However, one can easily note that in spite of all declarations made in this domain, it remains difficult to know and to evaluate the environmental qualities of a product, and therefore to know a fortiori if this product is &quot;better&quot; or not than another one. Without separating the question of the adequacy of available resources from the problems to be solved, we will lean on the contributions of knowledge management to propose an approach of environmental integration, based on knowledge creation and management, which allows the product designers to appropriate better this new domain; (we position ourselves thus at the interface between environment domains, product design and knowledge management). We will therefore propose a learning piloting tool, for which we specify the development scheme and its use with the help of concrete cases.