gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NATURALLY AND NON-NATURALLY OCCURRING HALOGENATED ANALOGUES OF N-ACYL HOMOSERINE LACTONES AS QUORUM SENSING MODULATORS. (2015)

Many Gram-negative bacteria secrete N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) in order to control the expression of specific target genes important for phenotype expression in a process known as quorum sensing (QS). The importance of QS for virulence/ biofilm development in pathogenic bacteria nowadays is obvious. Therefore, disruption of QS by synthetic analogues or enzymatic modulation is seen as a new anti-infective and antifouling strategy. In aquatic environments, bacteria interact in various ways with other organisms as pathogens, symbionts or competitors in the search for resources. Many marine organisms have developed defence or deterrence mechanisms, which are often involved in the production of small diffusible signal molecules that can interfere with the QS systems. Diatoms are known to produce a variety of halogenated compounds. Bio-halogenation in nature is linked to haloperoxidase activity. In this study, synthetic routes and biological evaluation of a wide library of novel naturally and non-naturally occurring halogenated AHL analogues, in which chlorine, bromine or iodine atom(s) were introduced at the α-carbon, are presented. Furthermore, the H2O2-dependent inactivation and degradation pathway of a type of QS molecules, i.e. N-β-ketoacylated homoserine lactones, by a natural haloperoxidase system from the benthic diatom Nitzschia cf pellucida is discussed. Bioactivity of these halogenated AHL analogues was directly compared with a broad library of natural AHLs.
Bulk packaging for the maintenance of eggplant quality in storage (1994)

SummaryEggplants (Solanum melongena L.) for export from Israel are currently packed individually in PVC stretch film. Wholesalers however, dislike these wraps because they must be removed prior to marketing. We investigated alternative polyethylene linings and absorbent materials for packing during the storage of eggplant fruit. The best storage method involved packing several fruit (10–15) pre-treated with a solution of fungicide and NAA, inside an unperforated polyethylene lining bag, together with ten layers of tissue paper to prevent water condensation. This method prevented weight loss and maintained fruit quality during 14 d of storage at 12°C and an additional 3 d at 20°C.
Coherences Between Production Technology and Performance of Electric Traction Drives (2019)

Coherences between production technology and performance of electric traction drives are published or based on experiential knowledge. The content of this paper shall represent an essential basis for intentions of improving future research and development purposes of production technologies for traction drives, but also of electric machine designs in general. The basic ambition of engineering a new manufacturing technology is to improve the performance of a product, taking several boundary conditions into account, like costs or cycle times. It has to be considered that the conflict area of production and performance are connected by physical characteristics, which are determined by the geometric and material compositions of the electric machine in this context. It is evident that the physical characteristics have a direct impact on the performance of electric machines. However, the production technology has a straight and unavoidable influence on the physical characteristic. An example for this is the slot fill factor, which is determined by the winding technology, but influences the performance of the machine significantly. First, known coherences between physical characteristics and performance of electric machines are considered. Therefore, an extensive summary of technical literature and publications at the current state of the art in science applications is used as a starting point. To give the best possible overview, a summary and visualization dependency matrix is created, in which the various elements of physical characteristic and the resulting performance of the electric machine are compared against each other. Next, the main influences of the different manufacturing processes on the characteristics of electric machines are presented, especially focusing on the winding technology. These contents are also transferred into the dependency matrix.
Fuirena pumila (Torr.) Spreng. (1997)

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/6176/thumbnail.jpg
A high gain EBG backed slot antenna loaded with anisotropic mu-negative superstrate (2015)

A reduced profile directional and high gain slot antenna loaded with Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) cavity and anisotropic negative permeability medium (NPM) is proposed which is investigated numerically as well as experimentally. Measured result shows a good agreement with the simulation result. Bandwidth of the proposed antenna extends from 3.4 GHz-4.1 GHz (Fractional Bandwidth (FBW) of 19%). Significant improvement in gain about 7 dB is achieved as compared to the conventional slot antenna with E and H plane beam-width of 35.3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sup> and 36.8 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sup> , respectively.
On the behavior of network delay in the cloud (2016)

We study the behavior of end-to-end packet delay in public cloud networks. This work presents preliminary results from large-scale measurements in two public cloud networks, Amazon's AWS and Microsoft's Azure. We analyze the measurements both in the time domain and in the frequency domain, and present new insights into the behavior of network delay in the cloud.
Ultrafast imaging of incoherent rotation magnetic switching with experimental and numerical micromagnetic dynamics (2002)

The magnetic switching dynamics of a thin-film microstructured Permalloy element were directly observed undergoing incoherent rotation reversal processes. Experimental spatiotemporally and vectorially resolved micromagnetic data show qualitative agreement with numerically simulated micromagnetic data for the nonequilibrium states during reversal. The application of a longitudinal reversal field launches rotations in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions, governed by magnetostatic effects, at different locations within a shaped sample. Reversal proceeds by fast initial selection into these rotation directions, immediately leading to vortex formation throughout the sample, and is followed by slower expulsion of the vortices in the transverse-to-field direction through local coherent rotation. Apparent transient damping, magnetization vector length averages, and spatial frequency representations support energy transfer concepts for the reversal process.
XPS characterization of silver electrodes and catalyst for oxygen reduction (2010)

The combined analysis of the silver GDE using an ex-situ surface sensitive technique (XPS) and in-situ electrochemical measurements (EIS, CV) show that the performance of the silver GDE is significantly influenced by the degree of degradation of the electrodes, e. g., the reduction of the active surface due to the decomposition of the PTFE. These findings indicate a different degree of decomposition of the PTFE on the on the GDE.
An Automated Fault Tree Generation Approach With Fault Configuration Based on Model Checking (2018)

Fault tree generation technology is a key issue for safety analysis of large complex systems. Traditional safety analysis methods usually describe the origin, propagation, or concrete behavior of the fault and do not portray the constraints between faults. However, these constraints are the system’s characteristics, and a lack of expression of these constraints will make the fault model defective, thereby resulting in a fault tree that will reduce the accuracy of the safety analysis. To improve the efficiency and accuracy of safety analysis, this paper proposes a fault tree generation method that is based on fault configuration and introduces the variability management of software product lines to model system faults and perform the formal analysis. First, the fault feature diagram is defined to describe the constraint relationships between system faults, and the fault-labeled transition system is defined based on the Kripke structure to describe the system behavior. Then, based on the model semantics, the procedure for generating fault trees by model checking is established. Finally, using temporal logic to describe the system safety attributes, we adopt the model checking tool SNIP to verify the safety attributes and generate the fault tree automatically. The fault modeling method that is proposed in this paper includes the inherent constraints between faults, which makes the system fault model more realistic and accurate. A case study demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Supplementary Figure S3a-x from Changes in Expression of Genes Representing Key Biologic Processes after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer, and Prognostic Implications in Residual Disease (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Kaplan-Meier curves with probability of relapse, with genes divided into tertiles for all 24 genes for the end-point TTR for (a) ACACB (b) ALDHA1 (c) AURKA (d) BCL2 (e) BCL2L1 (f) CD3D (g) CD44 (h) CXCL14 (i) DECORIN (j) DUSP4 (k) ERBB2 (l)ESR1 (m) LDHB (n) MKI67 (o) PAWR (p) PLAU (q) SNAI1 (r) SNAI2 (s) SOX9 (t) SPARC (u) STAT1 (v) STAT3 (w) TOP2A and (x) TWIST&lt;/p&gt;
346 Driving at Resonance Point of Multi-degree-of-Freedom System by Decentralized Control : Influence of Leg Joint on Natural Vibration of Quadrupeds (2011)

Quadruped animals switch gait patterns with speed for energy-effective movement. An experimental apparatus which has a simple structure modeled after the actual musculoskeletal system of a quadruped animal was made, and it was shown that the apparatus has natural vibration modes similar to the gait patterns of quadruped animals by a past study. However, it swings to the back and forth symmetry because the leg of the experimental apparatus was considered to be rigid pendulum. Quadruped animals walk by alternately repeating a different movement in the swing phase and the stance phase. To clarify this phenomenon, an experimental apparatus which has a simple structure modeled after the leg of a quadruped animal is made. And it is shown that the apparatus has natural vibration modes similar to the movement of leg when quadruped animals walk. Next, the apparatus is driven at natural frequency by decentralized control. Finally, the relationship between the energy consumption and driven frequency is examined by using apparatus.
Figure S3 and Legend from MUC1-C Induces PD-L1 and Immune Evasion in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This file contains the results of studies with DOX-treated BT-549/tet-MUC1shRNA and MDA-MB-231/tet-MUC1shRNA cells, demonstrating that targeting MUC1-C decreases activation of NF-κB p65 (S3A and S3B). The studies also show that targeting NF-κB p65 with a p65shRNA (S3C and S3D) or the BAY-11-7085 inhibitor (S3E and S3F) decreases PD-L1 expression.&lt;/p&gt;
Reversible photochromism in 110 oriented layered halide perovskite (2022)

Extending halide perovskites’\noptoelectronic properties\nto stimuli-responsive chromism enables switchable optoelectronics,\ninformation display, and smart window applications. Here, we demonstrate\na band gap tunability (chromism) via crystal structure transformation\nfrom three-dimensional FAPbBr&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; to a ⟨110⟩\noriented FA&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;+2&lt;/sub&gt;Pb&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;Br&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;+2&lt;/sub&gt; structure using a mono-halide/cation\ncomposition (FA/Pb) tuning. Furthermore, we illustrate reversible\nphotochromism in halide perovskite by modulating the intermediate &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; phase in the FA&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;+2&lt;/sub&gt;Pb&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;Br&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;+2&lt;/sub&gt; structure, enabling\ngreater control of the optical band gap and luminescence of a ⟨110⟩\noriented mono-halide/cation perovskite. Proton transfer reaction-mass\nspectroscopy carried out to precisely quantify the decomposition product\nreveals that the organic solvent in the film is a key contributor\nto the structural transformation and, therefore, the chromism in the\n⟨110⟩ structure. These intermediate &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; phases (2 ≤ &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; ≤ ∞) stabilize\nin metastable states in the FA&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;+2&lt;/sub&gt;Pb&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;Br&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;+2&lt;/sub&gt; system,\nwhich is accessible via strain or optical or thermal input. The structure\nreversibility in the ⟨110⟩ perovskite allowed us to\ndemonstrate a class of photochromic sensors capable of self-adaptation\nto lighting.
Determination of coherence length in biological tissues (2011)

We found that the coherence of the laser is not lost when the light goes through a static tissue but it is partially lost when there is a flow of fluid through the tissue. The volumetric flow rate is directly correlated to the loss of spatial coherence. Higher flow rate produces shorter coherence length.
A Pragmatic Clinical Trial to Compare the Real-World Effectiveness of V-Go versus Standard Delivery of Insulin in Patients with Advanced Type 2 Diabetes (2019)

This pragmatic clinical trial demonstrated improved HbA1c levels, lower cost, and decreased insulin dose in patients with T2DM initiating V-Go vs STO in a real-world community-based practice setting. Observed baseline HbAlc indicated use of V-Go in more difficult to manage diabetes patients.
A Double-Blind Evaluation of Ketorolac Tromethamine Versus Acetaminophen in Pediatric Tonsillectomy (1995)

The study was designed to compare intravenous ketorolac to rectal acetaminophen for analgesia and bleeding in pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy.We studied 50 patients, aged 2-15 yr undergoing tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy. In a randomized, prospective double-blind fashion, patients were assigned to receive either ketorolac (1 mg/kg) or rectal acetaminophen (35 mg/kg). Bleeding was evaluated by measuring intraoperative blood loss and noting extra measures required to obtain hemostasis. Bleeding times were also measured before and during surgery. Pain was evaluated using a standard objective pain score for the first 3 h. Persistent pain was treated with morphine, acetaminophen, and codeine and recorded for 24 h. Blood for determination of acetaminophen levels was drawn at 20 and 40 min after the administration of study drugs. Pain scores were not significantly different between the ketorolac and acetaminophen groups. The majority of patients in both groups required additional opioid in the postoperative period. Acetaminophen levels were all less than the therapeutic range. Intraoperative bleeding times were normal in all patients, but blood loss was significantly higher in the ketorolac group (2.67 mL/kg) compared to the acetaminophen group (1.44 mL/kg), P = 0.025. Significantly more measures to achieve hemostasis were required in the ketorolac group (P = 0.012). We conclude that ketorolac is no more effective than high-dose rectal acetaminophen for analgesia in the patient undergoing tonsillectomy. Hemostasis during tonsillectomy was significantly more difficult to achieve in patients receiving ketorolac. (Anesth Analg 1995;80:226-9)
Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyl Transferase Is Increased in Osteosarcomas and Chondrosarcomas Compared to Benign Bone and Cartilage (2019)

Our data indicate that NAMPT plays a role in bone sarcomas and GCTs, and its higher expression may contribute to increased tumor aggressiveness.
Partially-Supervised Novel Object Captioning Leveraging Context from Paired Data (2021)

In this paper, we propose an approach to improve image captioning solution for images with novel objects that do not have caption labels in the training dataset. We refer to our approach as Partially-Supervised Novel Object Captioning (PS-NOC). PS-NOC is agnostic to model architecture, and primarily focuses on the training approach that uses existing fully paired image-caption data and the images with only the novel object detection labels (partially paired data). We create synthetic paired captioning data for novel objects by leveraging context from existing image-caption pairs. We then create pseudo-label captions for partially paired images with novel objects, and use this additional data to fine-tune the captioning model. We also propose a variant of SCST within PS-NOC, called SCST-F1, that directly optimizes the F1-score of novel objects. Using a popular captioning model (Up-Down) as baseline, PS-NOC sets new state-of-the-art results on held-out MS COCO out-of-domain test split, i.e., 85.9 F1-score and 103.8 CIDEr. This is an improvement of 85.9 and 34.1 points respectively compared to baseline model that does not use partially paired data during training. We also perform detailed ablation studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Toward passive acoustic remote sensing of ocean-bottom gas seeps. (2010)

Cold seeps are gas vents that are found in the ocean, often along continental shelves near sediment-borne methane hydrates. Methane hydrates and methane gas seeps are of particular interest both for their potential use as an energy source and for their possible contribution to global climate change. This work is an initial step toward passively locating cold seeps and quantifying their gas flow rates using acoustic remote sensing techniques. Results are presented from laboratory experiments in which gas fluxes were determined from the radiated acoustic signature of a model seep. The physical principle that supports the technique and its accuracy will be discussed. [Work supported by ONR.]
Nanostructure designs for effective solar-to-hydrogen conversion (2018)

Conversion of energy from photons in sunlight to hydrogen through solar splitting of water is an important technology. The rising signifi cance of producing hydrogen from solar light via water splitting has motivated a surge of developing semiconductor solar-active nanostructures as photocatalysts and photoelectrodes. Traditional strategies have been developed to enhance solar light absorption (e.g., ion doping, solid solution, narrow-band-gap semiconductor or dye sensitization) and improve charge separation/transport to prompt surface reaction kinetics (e.g., semiconductor combination, co-catalyst loading, nanostructure design) for better utilizing solar energy. However, the solar-to-hydrogen effi ciency is still limited. This article provides an overview of recently demonstrated novel concepts of nanostructure designs for efficient solar hydrogen conversion, which include surface engineering, novel nanostructured heterojunctions, and photonic crystals. Those fi rst results outlined in the main text encouragingly point out the prominence and promise of these new concepts principled for designing high-effi ciency electronic and photonic nanostructures that could serve for sustainable solar hydrogen production.
<i>hp</i>‐Adaptive Multiphysics Finite Element Simulation of LWD Borehole Sonic Waveforms (2010)

We develop a new multi‐physics, fi nite‐element method to simulate LWD borehole acoustic waveforms in the presence of the tool. The method works in the frequency domain, is fully adaptive, and enables accurate simulations in the presence of large contrasts of elastic properties, including those existing along the tool body. Coupling of acoustic and elastic wave propagation in the borehole and the formation, respectively, is achieved with a new, stable multi‐physics formulation. In addition, the method includes a PML layer for effective truncation of the spatial domain. Examples of application are shown for the simulation of LWD sonic waveforms acquired with monopole, dipole, and quadrupole sources. Results indicate accurate and reliable reproduction of tool, borehole, and formation propagation modes in the presence of hard and soft formations, including cases of transversely isotropic formations.
Heat‐shock protein 27 (HSP27, HSPB1) is up‐regulated by MET kinase inhibitors and confers resistance to MET‐targeted therapy (2014)

The tyrosine kinase encoded by the MET oncogene is activated by gene mutation or amplification in tumors, which in most instances maintain addiction, i.e., dependency, to MET activation. This makes MET an attractive candidate for targeted therapies. Here we show that, in 3/3 MET-addicted human gastric cancer cell lines, MET kinase inhibition resulted in a 3- to 4-fold increased expression of the antiapoptotic small heat-shock protein of 27 kDa (HSP27, HSPB1). HSP27 increase depended on the inhibition of the MEK/ERK pathway and on heat-shock factor 1 (HSF1) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) regulation. Importantly, HSP27-silenced MET-addicted cells underwent 2- and 3-fold more apoptosis following MET inhibition in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Likewise, in human cancer cells susceptible to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition, EGFR inhibitors induced HSP27 expression and were strengthened by HSP27 suppression. In control cell lines that were not affected by drugs targeting MET or EGFR, these drugs did not induce HSP27 increase. Therefore, in cancer therapies targeting the MET pathway, the induction of HSP27 might limit the efficacy of anti-MET agents. As HSP27 increase also impairs the effectiveness of EGFR inhibitors and is known to protect cells from chemotherapeutics, the induction of HSP27 by targeted agents might strongly affect the success of combination treatments.
Interaction of sulfur dioxide and dry cold air in causing bronchoconstriction in asthmatic subjects (1984)

To determine whether sulfur dioxide and airway cooling and drying interact in causing bronchoconstriction in persons who have asthma, we measured specific airway resistance in seven asthmatic subjects before and after they performed voluntary eucapnic hyperpnea for 3 min breathing four different gas mixtures. The mixtures, which the subjects breathed through a mouthpiece in random order on 4 different days, were 1) humidified room-temperature air, 2) humidified room-temperature air containing 0.5 ppm SO2, 3) cold dry air, and 4) cold dry air containing 0.5 ppm SO2. Each subject breathed at a rate and depth known from preliminary studies to cause little or no bronchoconstriction when that subject inhaled 0.5 ppm SO2 in humidified room-temperature air or cold dry air. When given independently in the blinded study, 0.5 ppm SO2 or cold dry air again caused insignificant bronchoconstriction, but when given together the two stimuli caused significant bronchoconstriction, as indicated by an increase in specific airway resistance from 6.94 +/- 2.85 to 22.35 +/- 10.28 l X cmH2O X l-1 X s (mean +/- SD) (P less than 0.001). thus airway cooling and/or drying increases the bronchoconstriction induced by inhaled SO2 in persons who have asthma. This increase suggests that persons who have asthma may be more sensitive to the bronchoconstrictor effects of ambient SO2 in cold dry environments than in warm moist environments.