gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low pressure drop filtration of airborne molecular organic contaminants using open-channel networks (2007)

Airborne molecular contamination (AMC) continues to play a very decisive role in the performance of many microelectronic devices and manufacturing processes. Besides airborne acids and bases, airborne organic contaminants such as 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO), trimethylsilanol (TMS), perfluoroalkylamines and condensables are of primary concern in these applications. Currently, the state of the filtration industry is such that optimum filter life and removal efficiency for organics is offered by granular carbon filter beds. However, the attributes that make packed beds of activated carbon extremely efficient also impart issues related to elevated filter weight and pressure drop. Most of the lower pressure drop AMC filters currently offered are quite expensive and are simply pleated combinations of various adsorptive and reactive media. On the other hand, low pressure drop filters, such as those designed as open-channel networks (OCN's), offer good filter life and removal efficiency with the additional benefits of significant reductions in overall filter weight and pressure drop. Equally important for many applications, the OCN filters can reconstruct the airflow so as to enhance the operation of a tool or process. For tool mount assemblies and fan filter units (FFUs) this can result in reduced fan and blower speeds, which subsequently can provide reduced vibration and energy costs. Additionally, these low pressure drop designs can provide a cost effective way of effectively removing AMC in full fab (or HVAC) filtration applications without significantly affecting air-handling requirements. Herein, we will present a new generation of low pressure drop OCN filters designed for the removal of airborne organics in a wide range of applications.
Thin-layer electrochemical technique for monitoring electrogenerated reactive intermediates (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThin-layer electrochemical technique for monitoring electrogenerated reactive intermediatesRichard L. McCreeryCite this: Anal. Chem. 1977, 49, 2, 206–209Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50010a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50010a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views110Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Control Aware Radio Resource Allocation in Low Latency Wireless Control\n Systems (2018)

We consider the problem of allocating radio resources over wireless\ncommunication links to control a series of independent wireless control\nsystems. Low-latency transmissions are necessary in enabling time-sensitive\ncontrol systems to operate over wireless links with high reliability. Achieving\nfast data rates over wireless links thus comes at the cost of reliability in\nthe form of high packet error rates compared to wired links due to channel\nnoise and interference. However, the effect of the communication link errors on\nthe control system performance depends dynamically on the control system state.\nWe propose a novel control-communication co-design approach to the low-latency\nresource allocation problem. We incorporate control and channel state\ninformation to make scheduling decisions over time on frequency, bandwidth and\ndata rates across the next-generation Wi-Fi based wireless communication links\nthat close the control loops. Control systems that are closer to instability or\nfurther from a desired range in a given control cycle are given higher packet\ndelivery rate targets to meet. Rather than a simple priority ranking, we derive\nprecise packet error rate targets for each system needed to satisfy stability\ntargets and make scheduling decisions to meet such targets while reducing total\ntransmission time. The resulting Control-Aware Low Latency Scheduling (CALLS)\nmethod is tested in numerous simulation experiments that demonstrate its\neffectiveness in meeting control-based goals under tight latency constraints\nrelative to control-agnostic scheduling.\n
RadarLoc: Learning to Relocalize in FMCW Radar (2021)

Relocalization is a fundamental task in the field of robotics and computer vision. There is considerable work in the field of deep camera relocalization, which directly estimates poses from raw images. However, learning-based methods have not yet been applied to the radar sensory data. In this work, we investigate how to exploit deep learning to predict global poses from Emerging Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar scans. Specifically, we propose a novel end-to-end neural network with self-attention, termed RadarLoc, which is able to estimate 6-DoF global poses directly. We also propose to improve the localization performance by utilizing geometric constraints between radar scans. We validate our approach on the recently released challenging outdoor dataset Oxford Radar RobotCar. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms radar-based localization and deep camera relocalization methods by a significant margin.
Microbial to reef scale interactions between the reef-building coral <i>Montastraea annularis</i> and benthic algae (2011)

Competition between reef-building corals and benthic algae is of key importance for reef dynamics. These interactions occur on many spatial scales, ranging from chemical to regional. Using microprobes, 16S rDNA pyrosequencing and underwater surveys, we examined the interactions between the reef-building coral Montastraea annularis and four types of benthic algae. The macroalgae Dictyota bartayresiana and Halimeda opuntia, as well as a mixed consortium of turf algae, caused hypoxia on the adjacent coral tissue. Turf algae were also associated with major shifts in the bacterial communities at the interaction zones, including more pathogens and virulence genes. In contrast to turf algae, interactions with crustose coralline algae (CCA) and M. annularis did not appear to be antagonistic at any scale. These zones were not hypoxic, the microbes were not pathogen-like and the abundance of coral-CCA interactions was positively correlated with per cent coral cover. We propose a model in which fleshy algae (i.e. some species of turf and fleshy macroalgae) alter benthic competition dynamics by stimulating bacterial respiration and promoting invasion of virulent bacteria on corals. This gives fleshy algae a competitive advantage over corals when human activities, such as overfishing and eutrophication, remove controls on algal abundance. Together, these results demonstrate the intricate connections and mechanisms that structure coral reefs.
New Deconvolution Method for Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. (2000)

A new method is proposed for elimination of artifacts appearing in deconvolution of electrospray ionization mass spectra, where two algorithms, a partial correlation method (PCM) and a sub-harmonic artifact removal filter (SHARF), are used. In addition to the elimination of artifacts, the former algorithm removes influence of singly charged ions generated from contamination in a sample, while the latter algorithm removes influence of background noises and baseline offsets in a measured spectrum. The proposed method results in supplying the deconvoluted spectra free from artifacts with good signal-to-noise ratios and without distortion on peak shapes. Applications to some bio-molecules lead to the conclusion that our method is especially useful for analyses of their mixture samples, which show complicated mass spectra.
Transparent Oxides and Related Materials for Electronics and Optics (2019)

The International Symposium on Transparent Oxide Thin Films for Electronics and Optics (TOEO) has been held every two years since 1997. The 10th TOEO conference (TOEO-10), whose name was changed to The International Symposium on Transparent Oxide and Related Materials for Electronics and Optics so as to include recent related material from TOEO-8, was held July 3–5, 2017, at International Conference Center, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan. This conference was very successful and included 105 participants. The TOEO sessions had one special panel discussion on “Energy, the global challenge”, 22 invited talks, 6 contributed oral papers, and 34 poster presentations. We are pleased to publish this special issue of Physica Status Solidi (a). The highest-quality papers were selected through on-site review at the conference and by the standard peer-review process following the criteria of the journal. We expect that this volume will promote the research on transparent oxide materials. The organizers thank Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, the 166th Committee, for continued support. Sincerely, Toshio Kamiya As a representative of the Guest Editors David Ginley (NREL, USA) Claes G. Granqvist (Uppsala Univ., Sweden) Hideo Hosono (Tokyo Tech, Japan) Toshio Kamiya (Tokyo Tech, Japan) George Kiriakidis (Univ. Crete, Greece)
Horizontal or vertical banded gastroplasty after pretreatment with very-low-calorie formula diet: a randomized trial. (1987)

Horizontal and vertical banded gastroplasty (GP) were compared as to their effectiveness and side-effects in patients pre-treated for morbid obesity with a very-low-calorie formula diet (VLCD). The pre-treatment served to select the compliant patients, to minimize the surgical hazard, and to optimize the total weight reduction. Seventy-four consecutive patients (median age 34 years, median body weight 125.1 kg, and median overweight 93 per cent) were included according to the criteria for entry. The median weight loss on VLCD was 25.7 kg (range, 5.8-92.6 kg) and the median overweight reduction reached 46 per cent of the initial overweight (range, 9-83 per cent). Only few and mild side-effects were observed. Sixty-nine per cent of the patients fulfilled our criterion for surgery by reducing their initial overweight by at least 40 per cent. Of these, 23 and 22 patients were assigned respectively to either vertical banded or to horizontal GP. Patients and dietitians were not informed of the assignment. A significant weight loss occurred in both groups. Three months after surgery weight loss after vertical banded GP proved to be the larger (P less than 0.001). The difference became even more pronounced due to an earlier regain among patients treated with the horizontal GP. Thus, at 12 months, the net weight loss after surgery was 9.7 kg (range, -28.2-28.7 kg) in the vertical banded GP group and -1.0 kg (range, -15.0-36.5 kg) in patients treated with horizontal GP (P less than 0.0005). At this time, the total weight loss in the groups was 48.5 kg (range, 6.4-104.0 kg) and 32.6 (range, 3.7-125.1 kg) respectively (P less than 0.02), and the total reduction of overweight was greater in the group treated with vertical banded GP (80 per cent (range, 10-96) versus 56 per cent (range, 8-92), P less than 0.005). There were no deaths, and side-effects to VLCD as well as to GP were generally mild. It is concluded that vertical banded GP is more effective than horizontal GP and that the former operation adds a significant weight loss to that obtained by VLCD. The combined treatments offer a weight reduction comparable to that observed after jejunoileal bypass. However, some regain within 1 year makes it questionable if the vertical banded GP is sufficient to prevent weight regain.
Semiconductor Nanowires for Next Generation Solar Cells (2014)

Nanowires are filamentary crystals with a tailored diameter in the submicron range. This particular morphology has improved existing and inspired many novel applications such as biosensors 1, high mobility transistors, lasers 2,3 and solar cells 4. The one dimensional nature of nanowires is especially relevant for solar cells. First, by fabricating radial pn junctions in otherwise standing nanowires it is possible to decouple light absorption from carrier collection, see Fig. 1a 5,6. Second, it has been shown that careful design of the nanowire diameter leads to absorption cross sections about one order of magnitude larger than their physical section 7. As a consequence, semiconductor nanowires act as nanoscale light concentrators, thereby opening a new path for surpassing the Shockley Queisser limit in single junction solar cells. Recently, careful design of the nanowire diameter and spacing has led to a 13.8% efficiency device8.
Predictive modeling of therapy response in multiple sclerosis using gene expression data (2006)

Transcription profiling studies reveal important insights in regards to molecular events that manifest in phenotypic outcomes such as response to drug therapy. Construction of computational models that accurately predict therapy response is only possible when precise data measurements, robust feature/gene selection, and advanced computational modeling methods are combined with stringent statistical validation and large scale verification of results. Due to the large number of gene expression measurements in transcriptional profiling studies, feature selection represents a bottleneck when constructing computational models. The degree of compromise between selection of the optimal feature set and computational efficiency results in many choices for candidate gene sets which leads to a wide range of classification accuracies. Furthermore, constructing a classification model using a larger-than-necessary gene set along with small number of samples may cause over-fitting the data, resulting in highly optimistic classification accuracies. In this study we present OSeMA, a fast, robust and accurate gene selection-classification framework which results in construction of classification models that are highly predictive of the rIFNB therapy response in multiple sclerosis patients. We assess the performance of OSeMA on held out test data. Additionally, we extensively evaluate OSeMA by comparing it to an exhaustive combinatorial gene selection-classification approach.
Prognostic value of <scp>PET</scp>/<scp>CT</scp> and <scp>CT</scp> in T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukaemia patients: A retrospective cohort study of 145 patients (2023)

Figure S1. Appendix S1. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Short Bouts Of Electromechanical Stimulation Are Effective In Ameliorating Cellular Deficits Associated With Chronic Inactivity (2005)

Neuromuscular activity, i.e., activation and mechanical loading, is an important regulator of the structural, functional, and biochemical properties of mammalian skeletal muscle. Spinal cord isolation (SI) virtually eliminates neuromuscular activity, while maintaining the integrity of the motoneuron-muscle connections. Therefore, this model provides a baseline of near zero activity 1) to characterize the cellular processes linked to disuse atrophy, and 2) to impose and determine the effects of known amounts of neuromuscular activity. PURPOSE The purpose was to identify the cellular events involved in inactivity-induced atrophy, and to characterize the effects of short bouts of high load electromechanical activity in modifying these cellular events. METHODS Adult female rats (221 ± 2 g) were assigned randomly to a control (Con), SI, or SI-stimulated (SI-Stim) group. Inactivity is produced in the SI model via complete spinal cord transections at the mid-thoracic and high-sacral levels, followed by bilateral deafferentation between the two transection sites. Thus, SI eliminates all electrical activity to the motoneurons that innervate the hindlimbs. The SI-Stim rats were implanted unilaterally with a wireless microstimulator (BION®) along the sciatic nerve in the thigh region. The implanted leg was stimulated daily using the following protocol: 100 Hz, 1 s on:29 s rest for 5 min followed by 5 min rest and repeated 6 times. This protocol resulted in high load contractions for a total of 1 min or 0.069% of a 24-hr period. After 30 days, the cellular adaptations in a fast plantarflexor (plantaris, Plt) were determined. RESULTS After 30 days, the Plt was 48% smaller, muscle protein and myofibrillar protein concentrations were 18 and 33% lower, and myosin heavy chain (MHC) and actin relative to total protein were 20 and 10% lower in SI than Con rats. Daily stimulation of SI rats ameliorated Plt atrophy by 25% and myofibrillar protein concentration by 19%, and maintained protein concentration and MHC and actin relative to total protein at Con levels. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that as little as 1 min of high load isometric contractions per day, in an otherwise inactive muscle, is effective in stimulating the protein anabolic pathways. Thus, it appears that very short bouts of relatively non-invasive functional electromechanical activation can effectively reduce the level of muscle atrophy and loss of contractile and non-contractile proteins in a model of disuse. Supported by NIH Grant NS16333 and Alfred Mann Foundation.
Estimated Effects of Temperature on Secondary Organic Aerosol Concentrations (2001)

The temperature-dependence of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) concentrations is explored using an absorptive-partitioning model under a variety of simplified atmospheric conditions. Experimentally determined partitioning parameters for high yield aromatics are used. Variation of vapor pressures with temperature is assumed to be the main source of temperature effects. Known semivolatile products are used to define a modeling range of vaporization enthalpy of 10-25 kcal/mol-1. The effect of diurnal temperature variations on model predictions for various assumed vaporization enthalpies, precursor emission rates, and primary organic concentrations is explored. Results show that temperature is likely to have a significant influence on SOA partitioning and resulting SOA concentrations. A 10 degrees C decrease in temperature is estimated to increase SOA yields by 20-150%, depending on the assumed vaporization enthalpy. In model simulations, high daytime temperatures tend to reduce SOA concentrations by 16-24%, while cooler nighttime temperatures lead to a 22-34% increase, compared to constant temperature conditions. Results suggest that currently available constant temperature partitioning coefficients do not adequately represent atmospheric SOA partitioning behavior. Air quality models neglecting the temperature dependence of partitioning are expected to underpredict peak SOA concentrations as well as mistime their occurrence.
3D Printing of Polycaprolactone Membrane (2014)

This paper presents a feasibility study of using 3D printing (or additive manufacturing) technique to fabricate polycaprolactone films and membranes. Polycaprolactone is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer found in many medical applications. In this research, a desktop plotter is used to print polycaprolactone solution line by line. It has been demonstrated that the 3D printing process is able to print a film/membrane with anisotropic structure and pre-definable porosity. This process is different from solvent casting or electrospinning which has limited control over the structure of the film/membrane. This work offers an alternative approach for film/membrane fabrication, and the findings in this preliminary study are potentially useful for developing new medical devices.
CHAPTER 10.2. Current Research on Mimics and Models of Selenium‐Containing Antioxidants (2013)

In this chapter, several selenium‐based compounds that functionally mimic the activity of the selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx) are discussed. These compounds include (1) cyclic selenenyl amides with a selenium‐nitrogen bond, (2) diaryl diselenides, and (3) aliphatic as well as aromatic monoselenides. On the basis of recent experimental and theoretical investigations, the reason for the poor GPx activity of ebselen in the presence of aryl or benzylic thiol cofactors such as PhSH or BnSH is described. The discrepancies in the GPx‐like activities of other classes of compounds can be ascribed mainly to the difference in the reactivity of thiol cofactors. The catalytic activity of synthetic selenium compounds is influenced to a large extend by the nature of the thiol substrate. The existence of strong Se···O/N noncovalent interactions in the selenenyl sulfide intermediates of the catalytic cycle generally decreases the antioxidant activity as such interactions facilitate an attack of thiol at selenium rather than at sulfur. In addition to the GPx activity, it is explained that several organoselenium compounds can act as efficient scavengers of peroxynitrite, a potent biological oxidant and nitrating species.
Fatness, fitness and the aging brain: A cross sectional study of the associations between a physiological estimate of brain age and physical fitness, activity, sleep, and body composition (2022)

Accumulation of visceral adipose tissue and greater total sleep time, but not aerobic capacity, total daily physical activity, or sleep quantity and/or quality are associated with brains that are physiologically older than would be expected based upon chronological age alone (BrainPAD).
Expected exponential loss for gaze-based video and volume ground truth\n annotation (2017)

Many recent machine learning approaches used in medical imaging are highly\nreliant on large amounts of image and ground truth data. In the context of\nobject segmentation, pixel-wise annotations are extremely expensive to collect,\nespecially in video and 3D volumes. To reduce this annotation burden, we\npropose a novel framework to allow annotators to simply observe the object to\nsegment and record where they have looked at with a \\$200 eye gaze tracker. Our\nmethod then estimates pixel-wise probabilities for the presence of the object\nthroughout the sequence from which we train a classifier in semi-supervised\nsetting using a novel Expected Exponential loss function. We show that our\nframework provides superior performances on a wide range of medical image\nsettings compared to existing strategies and that our method can be combined\nwith current crowd-sourcing paradigms as well.\n