gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Circulating metabolic biomarkers are consistently associated with incident type 2 diabetes in Asian and European populations – a metabolomics analysis in five prospective cohorts (2021)

Abstract Background While Asians have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) than Europeans for a given BMI, it remains unclear whether the same markers of metabolic pathways are associated with diabetes. Objectives We evaluated associations between metabolic biomarkers and incident T2D in three major Asian ethnic groups (Chinese, Malay, and Indian) and a European population. Methods We analyzed data from adult males and females of two cohorts from Singapore (n = 6,393) consisting of Chinese, Malays and Indians, and three cohorts of European-origin participants from Finland (n = 14,558). We used nuclear magnetic resonance to quantify 154 circulating metabolic biomarkers at baseline and performed logistic regression to assess associations with T2D risk adjusted for age, sex, BMI and glycaemic markers. Results Of the 154 metabolic biomarkers, 59 were associated with higher risk of T2D in both Asians and Europeans ( P &lt; 0.0003; Bonferroni-corrected). These included branched-chain and aromatic amino acids, the inflammatory marker glycoprotein acetyls, total fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, apolipoprotein B, larger very low-density lipoprotein particle sizes, and triglycerides. In addition, 13 metabolites were associated with a lower T2D risk in both populations including omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and larger high-density lipoprotein particle sizes. Associations were consistent within the Asian ethnic groups (all P het ≥ 0.05) and largely consistent for the Asian and European populations ( P het ≥ 0.05 for 128 of 154 metabolic biomarkers). Conclusion Metabolic biomarkers across several biological pathways were consistently associated with T2D risk in Asians and Europeans.
Genome Sequencing as a Diagnostic Test in Children With Unexplained Medical Complexity (2020)

This study suggests that genome sequencing has high analytical and clinical validity and can result in new diagnoses in CMC even in the setting of extensive prior investigations. This clinical population may be enriched for ultrarare and novel genetic disorders. Genome sequencing is a potentially first-tier genetic test for CMC.
The neuroimaging informatics tools and resources clearinghouse (NITRC) (2009)

The Neuroimaging Informatics Tools and Resources Clearinghouse, NITRC is a newly established Web site for organizing knowledge about the resources publicly available functional MRI and related structural imaging analysis. Based on GForge, it provides a common environment for downloading, discussion, education, rating, and documentation for a growing number of resources. Its design and current status is presented.
In vitro and ex vivo examination of topical Pomiferin treatments (2014)

Pomiferin is a unique, prenylated isoflavonoid that can be isolated and purified from the fruits of Maclura pomifera (Osage Orange). The molecule typically is isolated with a small amount of a molecule called Osajin which is structurally similar to Pomiferin but lacks an aromatic hydroxyl group. As a consequence, Osajin has been shown to be a less effective antioxidant than Pomiferin. In vitro studies on Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts demonstrate that Pomiferin is a potent extracellular matrix protein stimulant, showing increases in collagen, elastin and fibrillin expression comparable or superior to equivalent concentrations of retinol. Ex vivo hair follicle assays demonstrate comparable effects on expression of collagen and elastin at Pomiferin concentrations in the range of 0.05-5 ppm. Taken together, the results from the two assays conducted on different models indicate that Pomiferin may be a very interesting ingredient for topical skin and scalp treatments where modulation of the expression of extracellular matrix proteins is important.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Formation of 5‐Vinylcyclopentenes from 1,6‐Enynes: Cobalt‐Mediated C—H Allylic Activation and Formal 5‐Endo‐Dig Cyclization. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Low emittance electron beam formation with a 17 GHz RF gun (2001)

We report on the design, construction, and initial operation of a new 1 1/2 cell 17 GHz RF gun and beamline. Emittance compensation is achieved with a 6.5 cm long, 0.5 T solenoid placed immediately after the RF Gun. The gun operates with 50 ns, up to 5 MW, pulses from a 17.13 GHz klystron amplifier built by Haimson Research Corp. Results of initial high power operation are reported. Cold test measurements of the azimuthal symmetry of the RF gun field profile along with results of 3D electromagnetic and beam dynamics simulations are also presented. For a bunch charge of 50 to 100 pC, initial bunch length of 1 ps, and beam energy of 1 MeV, a normalized rms emittance of less than 3 πmm-mrad has been measured after 35 cm of beam transport from the gun. This corresponds to a beam brightness of about 100 A/(mm-mrad)2 at the gun exit. An rms energy spread of less than 2.5% has been previously measured and agrees well with simulations. Plans for increasing the beam energy and lowering the emittance are underway. Simulations predict that with a beam energy of 2 MeV produced by the gun, a normalized rms emittance of 0.5 π-mm-mrad can be achieved for 1 ps, 0.1 nC beam.
Orientation histogram-based matching for region tracking (2007)

A region tracking technique with particular emphasis on rotation robustness is presented. It is based on region matching divided in two consecutive steps, gradient orientation histogram matching and template matching through normalised cross correlation (NCC). Given the orientation histograms of two image patches, a novel technique is used to estimate the rotation between them together with the similarity. This estimation enhances the performance and speeds-up the process of patch recognition. Fast computation of histograms using the integral histogram approach is exploited. Experiments show a high accuracy in the estimation of location and orientation.
Design of a coaxial and compact TM01–TE01 mode converter based on helical corrugated waveguide for high-power microwave system (2022)

In this paper, a novel X-band TM01–TE01 mode converter for high-power microwave (HPM) system is proposed. To realize the compact design, a helical corrugated waveguide with large deformation is employed to convert the TM01 mode into TE01 mode. By optimizing the structure parameters, the simulation results demonstrate that the maximum conversion efficiency of the proposed TM01–TE01 mode converter reaches 98.8% at 9.2 GHz. Moreover, this mode converter exhibits a conversion efficiency of over 95% in the operation band from 8.7 to 9.42 GHz, and the power capacity of the mode converter reaches GW-level in theory. More importantly, the overall longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the mode converter are less than three wavelengths. The results show the compact structure and high conversion efficiency of this mode converter, which has great potential application value in the HPM system.
A machine learning framework for early detection of lithium plating combining multiple physics-based electrochemical signatures (2021)

A key challenge for lithium (Li)-ion batteries is the capability to manage battery performance and predict lifetime. Early detection of battery-aging phenomena and the implications for the performance are crucial for maintaining warranty and avoiding safety-related liabilities. We established a framework for early detection of loss of Li inventory, which is further separated into Li plating and normal solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation. Although SEI formation is inevitable, Li plating causes serious degradation and safety issues. Therefore, Li plating must be identified and avoided. Our framework differentiates Li plating from SEI-formation-dominated cells based on data from the first 25 aging cycles. This classification framework is based on machine learning (ML); multiple coherent and physically meaningful electrochemical signatures along the aging process are used. We also demonstrate that multiple electrochemical signatures must be combined to increase accuracy in the classification.
Sequence-specific DNA Recognition by the Myb-like Domain of Plant Telomeric Protein RTBP1 (2000)

We have identified a rice gene encoding a DNA-binding protein that specifically recognizes the telomeric repeat sequence TTTAGGG found in plants. This gene, which we refer to as RTBP1 (rice telomere-binding protein 1), encodes a polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 70 kDa. RTBP1 is ubiquitously expressed in various organs and binds DNA with two or more duplex TTTAGGG repeats. The predicted protein sequence includes a single domain at the C terminus with extensive homology to Myb-like DNA binding motif. The Myb-like domain of RTBP1 is very closely related to that of other telomere-binding proteins, including TRF1, TRF2, Taz1p, and Tbf1p, indicating that DNA-binding domains of telomere-binding proteins are well conserved among evolutionarily distant species. To obtain precise information on the sequence of the DNA binding site recognized by RTBP1, we analyzed the sequence-specific binding properties of the isolated Myb-like domain of RTBP1. The isolated Myb-like domain was capable of sequence-specific DNA binding as a homodimer. Gel retardation analysis with a series of mutated telomere probes revealed that the internal GGGTTT sequence in the two-telomere repeats is critical for binding of Myb-like domain of RTBP1, which is consistent with the model of the TRF1.DNA complex showing that base-specific contacts are made within the sequence GGGTTA. To the best of our knowledge, RTBP1 is the first cloned gene in which the product is able to bind double-stranded telomeric DNA in plants. Because the Myb-like domain appears to be a significant motif for a large class of proteins that bind the duplex telomeric DNA, RTBP1 may play important roles in plant telomere function in vivo.
Structural changes induced by KrF excimer laser photons in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">H</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>-loaded Ge-doped<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">SiO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>glass (1999)

Photochemical reactions related to the Ge lone-pair center (GLPC) that are induced by KrF excimer laser photons in ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$-loaded Ge-doped ${\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}$ glass have been investigated. Without the ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ loading, the Ge electron center (GEC) and the positively charged GLPC were induced by the laser irradiation. In the ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$-loaded sample, the GEC, the Ge ${E}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ center, and the germyl radical (GR) were induced by the irradiation, while the positively charged GLPC was not observed after the irradiation. If the ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$-loaded sample was thermally annealed after the photon irradiation, the concentration of the photo-induced GEC decreased monotonically with an increase in the annealing temperature. On the other hand, the concentration of the GR increased up to the annealing temperature of 160 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C, and it decreased at higher temperatures. Without the pre-irradiation, the induction of the GR was not observed even in the ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$-loaded sample. From these results, it is concluded that the positively charged GLPC is terminated with a hydrogen atom in the ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$-loaded sample and then becomes the GR by trapping an electron thermally released from the GEC.
Inversion of Phytoplankton Pigment Vertical Profiles from Satellite Data Using Machine Learning (2021)

Observing the vertical dynamic of phytoplankton in the water column is essential to understand the evolution of the ocean primary productivity under climate change and the efficiency of the CO2 biological pump. This is usually made through in-situ measurements. In this paper, we propose a machine learning methodology to infer the vertical distribution of phytoplankton pigments from surface satellite observations, allowing their global estimation with a high spatial and temporal resolution. After imputing missing values through iterative completion Self-Organizing Maps, smoothing and reducing the vertical distributions through principal component analysis, we used a Self-Organizing Map to cluster the reduced profiles with satellite observations. These referent vector clusters were then used to invert the vertical profiles of phytoplankton pigments. The methodology was trained and validated on the MAREDAT dataset and tested on the Tara Oceans dataset. The different regression coefficients R2 between observed and estimated vertical profiles of pigment concentration are, on average, greater than 0.7. We could expect to monitor the vertical distribution of phytoplankton types in the global ocean.
Applications and Challenges of DNA Microarray Technology in Military Medical Research (2004)

This review discusses the challenges and applications of DNA microarray technology as it is being used in each of the four major research areas of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command: military infectious diseases, combat casualty care, military operational medicine, and medical chemical and biological defense. The overall objective of this review is two-fold. First, the objective is to increase awareness in senior military leadership of the challenges and opportunities presented by DNA microarray technology and the emerging and rapidly changing field of bioinformatics. Second, the aim is to publicize to the civilian research community the additional challenges associated with the use of microarray technology in military medical research. This discussion contains material that would be useful for making programmatic recommendations that team strategic research investments and emerging technologies with U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command resources.
An Aurora B-RPA signaling axis secures chromosome segregation fidelity (2022)

Abstract Errors in chromosome segregation underlie genomic instability associated with cancers. Resolution of replication and recombination intermediates and protection of vulnerable single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) intermediates during mitotic progression requires the ssDNA binding protein Replication Protein A (RPA). However, the mechanisms that regulate RPA specifically during unperturbed mitotic progression are poorly resolved. RPA is a heterotrimer composed of RPA70, RPA32 and RPA14 subunits and is predominantly regulated through hyperphosphorylation of RPA32 in response to DNA damage. Here, we have uncovered a mitosis-specific regulation of RPA by Aurora B kinase. Aurora B phosphorylates Ser-384 in the DNA binding domain B of the large RPA70 subunit and highlights a mode of regulation distinct from RPA32. Disruption of phosphorylation markedly affects cell viability and causes defects in chromosome segregation with hypersensitivity to DNA damaging agents. Phosphorylation at Ser-384 remodels the protein interaction domains of RPA and facilitates formation of higher density filaments. Furthermore, phosphorylation impairs RPA binding to DSS1 that likely suppresses homologous recombination during mitosis by preventing recruitment of DSS1-BRCA2 to exposed ssDNA. We showcase a critical RPA-Aurora B signaling axis in mitosis that is essential for maintaining genomic integrity.
Commissioning and Recent Experimental Results at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator Facility (AWA) (2015)

The commissioning of the upgraded AWA facility has been recently completed. The L-band electron gun has been fully commissioned and has been successfully operated with its Cesium Telluride photocathode at a gradient of 80 MV/m. Single bunches of up to 100 nC, and bunch trains of up to 32 bunches have been generated. The six new pi-mode accelerating cavities bring the beam energy to 75 MeV. Initial measurements of the beam parameters have been performed. This intense beam has been used to drive high gradient wakefields in several structures. A second beamline provides electron bunches to probe the wakefields generated by the intense drive beam. One of the main goals of the facility is to generate short RF pulses with GW power levels, corresponding to accelerating gradients of hundreds of MV/m and energy gains on the order of 100 MeV per structure.
Studies on the biosynthesis of clavulanic acid. Part 4. Synthetic routes to the monocyclic β-lactam precursor, proclavaminic acid (1990)

Aldol condensation of 3-substituted propionaldehydes with the lithium enolate of ethyl or benzyl (2-oxoazetidin-1-yl)acetate yielded derivatives of proclavaminic acid. The proportion of the threo diastereoisomer in the aldol product could be increased by thermodynamically controlled equilibration with 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene. In the case of benzyl 5-azido-3-hydroxy-2-(2-oxoazetidin-1-yl)valerate the diastereoisomers were separated and the threo diastereoisomer was resolved by enzymatic hydrolysis of the ester by subtilisin Carlsberg [EC 3.4.21.14]. Catalytic reduction of the unhyorolysed threo enantiomer yielded (2S, 3R)-5-amino-3-hydroxy-2-(2-oxoazetidin-1-yl)valerate which had spectroscopic properties identical with those of natural proclavaminic acid and which was a substrate for clavaminic acid synthase. Two crystalline, derivatives of (2S, 3R)-proclavaminic acid were prepared for X-ray analysis.
Motion planning with invariant set trees (2017)

This paper introduces the planning algorithm Sa-feRRT, which extends the rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) algorithm by using feedback control and positively invariant sets to guarantee collision-free closed-loop path tracking. The SafeRRT algorithm steers the output of a system from a feasible initial value to a desired goal, while satisfying input constraints and non-convex output constraints. The algorithm constructs a tree of local state-feedback controllers, each with a randomly sampled reference equilibrium and corresponding positively invariant set. The positively invariant sets indicate when it is possible to safely transition from one local controller to another without violating constraints. The tree is expanded from the desired goal until it contains the initial condition, at which point traversing the tree yields a dynamically feasible and safe closed-loop trajectory. We demonstrate SafeRRT on a spacecraft rendezvous example.
Cognitive Outcome After Islet Transplantation (2023)

This first study evaluating cognitive disorders in islet-transplanted T1D patients argues for the importance of glucose balance on cognitive function rather than of immunosuppressive treatment, with a favorable effect of glucose balance improvement on MMSE score after IT.
Techniques for Processing Industrial Waste Using Arc Plasma Generated by the Six-Phase Current (1997)

この論文は6相交流アーク放電によって生じる高熱を, ゴミの焼却灰あるいは産業廃棄物等を溶融, 固形化するのに利用する方法について述べている。6相交流の放電時の電圧, 電流, 消費電力の関係, さらに高速VTRを用いて放電状態を観測した結果よりその特徴を明らかにしている。6相交流の理論上の放電径路の数は3相交流の場合に比べて5倍, 放電空間の広さは6倍になり, 3相の場合に比べて, 高温が得られる空間が広い。この方式では放電空間にプラズマが連続的に発生しているので, 放電状態が常に持続されており, 安定した連続放電が得られる。アークプラズマが放電空間で高密度に発生している特長的な現象を, 廃棄物処理に応用する場合について検討した。
ChemInform Abstract: General Preparation of Functionalized o‐Nitroarylmagnesium Halides Through an Iodine—Magnesium Exchange. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Laparoscopy/New Technology (2009)

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult Urology1 Mar 2009Laparoscopy/New Technology Jeffrey A. CadedduM.D. Jeffrey A. CadedduJeffrey A. Cadeddu More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.11.062AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 2009 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 181 Issue 3 March 2009 Page: 1062-1067 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2009 by American Urological AssociationMetrics Author Information Jeffrey A. Cadeddu More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
THE CLUSTER AND FIELD GALAXY ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS FRACTION AT (2013)

The fraction of cluster galaxies that host luminous active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is an important probe of AGN fueling processes, the cold interstellar medium at the centers of galaxies, and how tightly black holes and galaxies co-evolve. We present a new measurement of the AGN fraction in a sample of 13 clusters of galaxies (M ≥ 1014 M ☉) at 1 < z < 1.5 selected from the Spitzer/IRAC Shallow Cluster Survey, as well as the field fraction in the immediate vicinity of these clusters, and combine these data with measurements from the literature to quantify the relative evolution of cluster and field AGN from the present to z ~ 3. We estimate that the cluster AGN fraction at 1 < z < 1.5 is f[subscript A] = 3.0[+2.4 over -1.4] % for AGNs with a rest-frame, hard X-ray luminosity greater than L X, H ≥ 10[superscript 44] erg s[superscript –1]. This fraction is measured relative to all cluster galaxies more luminous than M[* over 3.6] (z) +1, where M[* over 3.6] is the absolute magnitude of the break in the galaxy luminosity function at the cluster redshift in the IRAC 3.6 μm bandpass. The cluster AGN fraction is 30 times greater than the 3σ upper limit on the value for AGNs of similar luminosity at z ~ 0.25, as well as more than an order of magnitude greater than the AGN fraction at z ~ 0.75. AGNs with L X, H ≥ 10[superscript 43] erg s[superscript –1] exhibit similarly pronounced evolution with redshift. In contrast to the local universe, where the luminous AGN fraction is higher in the field than in clusters, the X-ray and MIR-selected AGN fractions in the field and clusters are consistent at 1 < z < 1.5. This is evidence that the cluster AGN population has evolved more rapidly than the field population from z ~ 1.5 to the present. This environment-dependent AGN evolution mimics the more rapid evolution of star-forming galaxies in clusters relative to the field.