gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automated nets extraction for digital logic physical failure analysis on IP-secure products (2020)

GDSII layouts of IP-confidential products are heavily controlled and access is only granted to certain privileged personnel. Failure analysts are generally excluded. Without guidance from GDSII, failure analysis, specifically physical inspection based on fault isolation findings cannot proceed. To overcome this challenge, we develop an automated approach that enables image snapshots relevant to failure analysts to be furnished without compromising the confidentiality of the GDSII content in this paper. Modules built are executed to trace the suspected nets and extract them into multiple images of different pre-defined frame specifications to facilitate failure analysis.
Project management lessons learned from the multicentre CYCLE pilot randomized controlled trial (2019)

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02377830 . Registered prospectively on 4 March 2015.
PREFACE (2022)

The 15th World Conference on Titanium, the largest international conference on titanium science and technology, will be held in Edinburgh, Scotland in 2023. This conference is expected to boost research efforts into lowering its production costs, expanding its applications into several fields (such as aerospace, medicine, and environmental engineering), and enhancing its functionality, including also materials informatics. An academic organization, the Japan Institute of Titanium, has also been established in 2021 for work in titanium science and technology. Materials Transactions has published special issues on titanium and its alloys in 2004, 2009, 2013, 2017, and 2019, around the time of the World Conference on Titanium. We welcomed papers on the latest research and developments in the processing, microstructure, and properties of titanium and its alloys, and titanium-based intermetallic compounds in areas related (but not limited) to smelting and refining, additive manufacturing (AM), multi-materialization, hot/cold working, compositing, microstructure formation, phase transformation, and mechanical, chemical, and physical properties, and also materials-informatics.
Autofluorescence removal from fluorescence tomography data using multispectral imaging (2007)

Autofluorescence has been a significant disadvantage when dealing with tomographic imaging of biological samples or tissue phantoms. Consequently, the accurate removal of autofluorescence signal has been a major concern in fluorescence tomography. Here we present a study on three-dimensional mapping and removal of autofluorescence from fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) data, both for phantoms and small animal in vivo. The technique is based on the recording of tomographic data in multiple spectral regions with different excitation light and on the application of a linear unmixing algorithm for targeting multiple fluorescent probes. Two types of measurements are taken, one with the excitation being in the region of the maximum absorption of the targeted fluorophore and one in a region away from the maximum. The relative strengths of the different spectra are employed to calculate the signal to be removed from the tomographic reconstruction. Autofluorescence spectra are recorded using identical reflection geometry as during the FMT acquisitions allowing for the correct mapping of the autofluorescence signal. Results from phantoms exhibiting different background autofluorescence strengths are presented and discussed. In this work we have also studied in vivo fluorescent activity in mice, involving both subcutaneously implanted fluorescent phantoms and b10 transgenic mice.
Basic Requirements for IPv6 Customer Edge Routers (2013)

This document specifies requirements for an IPv6 Customer Edge (CE) router. Specifically, the current version of this document focuses on the basic provisioning of an IPv6 CE router and the provisioning of IPv6 hosts attached to it. The document also covers IP transition technologies. Two transition technologies in RFC 5969's IPv6 Rapid Deployment on IPv4 Infrastructures (6rd) and RFC 6333's Dual-Stack Lite (DS-Lite) are covered in the document. The document obsoletes RFC 6204.
Characterization of the Beam from the RFQ of the PIP-II Injector Test (2017)

A 2.1 MeV, 10 mA CW RFQ has been installed and commissioned at the Fermilab's test accelerator known as PIP-II Injector Test. This report describes the measurements of the beam properties after acceleration in the RFQ, including the energy and emittance.
Effects of apixaban compared with warfarin as gain in event-free time – a novel assessment of the results of the ARISTOTLE trial (2019)

In patients with atrial fibrillation, 22 months of treatment with apixaban, as compared with warfarin, provided gains of approximately 6 months in event-free time for stroke or systemic embolism, 7 months for major bleeding and 13 months for intracranial bleeding.
High-speed atmospheric imaging of semiconductor wafers using rapid probe microscopy (2011)

The aggressive device scaling imposed by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) is introducing additional and more demanding challenges to current in-line monitoring tools. In this paper we present a new probe microscopy based technology, the Rapid Probe Microscope (RPM), which produces nano-scale images using a height contrast mechanism in a non-vacuum environment. The system offers the possibility to address metrology challenges in alternative ways to existing review and inspection tools. This paper presents applications of the RPM process which cater to the requirements of the semiconductor industry. Results on several standard semiconductor wafer layers have been used to demonstrate the capabilities of the RPM process, including nano-scale surface imaging at high image capture rates.
Multiple Scattering Approximation in Heterogeneous Media by Narrow Beam Distributions (2016)

Abstract Fast realistic rendering of objects in scattering media is still a challenging topic in computer graphics. In presence of participating media, a light beam is repeatedly scattered by media particles, changing direction and getting spread out. Explicitly evaluating this beam distribution would enable efficient simulation of multiple scattering events without involving costly stochastic methods. Narrow beam theory provides explicit equations that approximate light propagation in a narrow incident beam. Based on this theory, we propose a closed‐form distribution function for scattered beams. We successfully apply it to the image synthesis of scenes in which scattering occurs, and show that our proposed estimation method is more accurate than those based on the Wentzel‐Kramers‐Brillouin (WKB) theory.
A locus for autosomal dominant keratoconus maps to human chromosome 3p14–q13 (2004)

TEST 02 - Elsevier's Scopus, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Search and access research from the science, technology, medicine, social sciences and arts and humanities fields.
A Scalable Linearizable Multi-Index Table (2018)

Concurrent data structures typically index data using a single primary key and provide fast atomic access to data associated with a given key value. However, it is often required to atomically access information via multiple primary and secondary keys, and even through additional properties that do not naturally represent keys for the given data. We present lock-free and lock-based algorithms of a table with multiple indexing, supporting linearizable inserts, deletes, and retrieve operations. We have implemented Java versions of our algorithms and evaluated their performance on a multi-core machine. The results show that the proposed table implementations are scalable and more efficient than any existing available alternative for in-memory realizations of a multi-index table.
Plasma flow in a nozzle during plasma arc cutting (1998)

A simple model describing the plasma temperature, pressure and velocity distributions inside the nozzle during plasma arc cutting is developed. Temperature dependences of plasma properties are considered. Predicted and measured values of the plasma pressure inside the arc chamber are compared to validate the model. Calculations demonstrated that a substantial portion of the power dissipated inside the nozzle is radiated; the rest heats the plasma jet. The proportion of the power lost due to radiation increases with the arc current, length of the nozzle and gas-flow rate. The double-arcing phenomenon is hypothesized to result from the electrical breakdown of the gas at the nozzle's exit. Calculations of the electrical field at the nozzle's exit support this hypothesis.
Morphological Characteristics of Residual Skin Surface Components Collected from the Surface of Facial Skin in Women of Different Age (2017)

Non-invasively collected RSSC samples allow identifying age-related changes on facial skin surface. The results of this study highlight gender-dependence of distinct elements of age-associated impairment of epidermal barrier and can be employed for developing new approaches to prevent changes associated with skin aging.
A Summary of the ComParE COVID-19 Challenges (2022)

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused massive humanitarian and economic damage. Teams of scientists from a broad range of disciplines have searched for methods to help governments and communities combat the disease. One avenue from the machine learning field which has been explored is the prospect of a digital mass test which can detect COVID-19 from infected individuals' respiratory sounds. We present a summary of the results from the INTERSPEECH 2021 Computational Paralinguistics Challenges: COVID-19 Cough, (CCS) and COVID-19 Speech, (CSS).
Range resolution improvement of eyesafe ladar testbed (ELT) measurements using sparse signal deconvolution (2014)

The Eyesafe Ladar Test-bed (ELT) is an experimental ladar system with the capability of digitizing return laser pulse waveforms at 2 GHz. These waveforms can then be exploited off-line in the laboratory to develop signal processing techniques for noise reduction, range resolution improvement, and range discrimination between two surfaces of similar range interrogated by a single laser pulse. This paper presents the results of experiments with new deconvolution algorithms with the hoped-for gains of improving the range discrimination of the ladar system. The sparsity of ladar returns is exploited to solve the deconvolution problem in two steps. The first step is to estimate a point target response using a database of measured calibration data. This basic target response is used to construct a dictionary of target responses with different delays/ranges. Using this dictionary ladar returns from a wide variety of surface configurations can be synthesized by taking linear combinations. A sparse linear combination matches the physical reality that ladar returns consist of the overlapping of only a few pulses. The dictionary construction process is a pre-processing step that is performed only once. The deconvolution step is performed by minimizing the error between the measured ladar return and the dictionary model while constraining the coefficient vector to be sparse. Other constraints such as the non-negativity of the coefficients are also applied. The results of the proposed technique are presented in the paper and are shown to compare favorably with previously investigated deconvolution techniques.
Performance of efficient balanced codes (1991)

The problem of appraising the spectral performance of codes based on a new algorithm for generating zero-disparity codewords presented by D.E. Knuth (1986) is addressed. In order to get some insight into the efficiency of Knuth's construction technique, the authors evaluate the spectral properties of its code streams. The structure of Knuth codes allows the derivation a simple expression for (an approximation to) the sum of variance of these codes. This quantity plays a key role in the spectral performance characterization of DC-balanced codes. The authors evaluate this expression and compare the sum variance of Knuth codes with the sum variance of the polarity bit codes for fixed redundancy. Under the premise that the sum variance can serve as a quantity to judge the width of the spectral notch, the authors conclude that codes based on Knuth's algorithm offer less spectral suppression than polarity bit codes with the same redundancy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease (1994)

Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.
Nickel-promoted synthesis of cyclic biphenyls. Total synthesis of alnusone dimethyl ether (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNickel-promoted synthesis of cyclic biphenyls. Total synthesis of alnusone dimethyl etherM. F. Semmelhack and Lauri S. RyonoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 13, 3873–3875Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00846a084https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00846a084research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views812Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Heterogeneously integrated III–V-on-Si laser with embedded photonic molecule mirrors (2023)

We have designed, fabricated, and characterized a III–V-on-Si laser employing photonic molecule mirrors with high potential for laser tunability and control. Resonant mirrors are realized by tailoring supermodes of coupled microrings. A laser threshold of 40 mA (L-band), series resistance of 10 Ω, and side mode suppression ratio of 40 dB are demonstrated.
Myxol 2'-dimethyl-fucoside, (3R,2'S)-myxol 2'-(2,4-di-O-methyl-alph-L-fucoside), in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and nomenclature of myxoxanthophyll (2001)

We identified the molecular structures of the carotenoids in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 based on absorption spectra, retention times on HPLC, FD-MS, CD, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectral data. Myxoxanthophyll in this cyanobacterium was myxol 2'-dimethyl-fucoside, (3R,2'S)-myxol 2'-(2,4-di-O-methyl-a-L-fucoside). The sugar moiety of the pigment was not rhamnose but dimethylated fucose, which has not been reported in carotenoid glycosides. The other carotenoids were s-carotene, (3R,3'R)- zeaxanthin, echinenone, (3'R)-3'-hydroxyechinenone and deoxymyxol 2'-dimethyl- fucoside, (2'S)-deoxymyxol 2'-(2,4-di-O-methyl-a-L-fucoside). Pathway and enzymes of carotenogenesis will be discussed. Generally, the group of polar carotenoids in cyanobacteria is referred to as myxoxanthophyll, and the structure is considered to be myxol 2'-rhamnoside. Since the name myxoxanthophyll can not specify the sugar moiety and the identification of the sugar moiety is unfeasible in many cyanobacteria, we propose the following naming convention: when the sugar moiety has not been identified, the name is myxol glycoside. If the sugar moieties have been identified, the names should be, for example, myxol 2'-rhamnoside, myxol 2'-a-L-fucoside and (3R,2'S)-myxol 2'-(2,4-di-O-methyl-a-L-fucoside). The use of myxoxanthophyll should be avoided. S. Takaichi et al. (2001) Plant Cell Physiol., in press.
Primary investigations on the potential of a novel diode pumped Er:YAG laser system for bone surgery (2013)

Flashlamp pumped Er:YAG-lasers are successfully clinically used for both precise soft and hard tissue ablation. As an alternative, actually a novel diode pumped Er:YAG laser system (Pantec Engineering AG) becomes available, with mean laser power up to 15W and pulse repetition rate up to 1kHz. The aim of the presented study is to investigate the effect of this laser system on bone tissue at various irradiation parameters, particular at repetition rates exceeding 100 Hz. For reproducible experiments, firstly an appropriate experimental set-up was realized with a beam delivery and focusing unit, a computer controlled stepper unit with sample holder, and a shutter unit. It allowed to move the sample (1mm- 3mm sawed slices of pig bone) with a defined velocity while irradiation by various laser parameters. A water spray served to moisten the sample surfaces. After irradiation the grooves were analyzed by light microscopy and laser scanning microscopy regarding to the ablation quality, the groove geometry, the ablation efficacy, and the thermal effects. The resulting grooves are slightly cone shaped (groove depth up to 3mm, width about 200&mu;m) with sharp edges at the surface. At 1W, 200Hz, 5mm/s sample movement and with water irrigation the measured ablation speed &Delta;z/&Delta;t is 10.8 mm/s. The ablation depth per pulse is 54&mu;m. In conclusion, these first experiments demonstrate that the diode pumped Er:YAG laser system is an efficient tool for use in bone surgery.
Polyaniline Binder for Functionalized Acetylene Black: A Hybrid Material for Supercapacitor (2014)

Polyaniline-doped with functionalyzed acetylene black material has been successfully synthesized and used as an electrode material in supercapacitor, wherein, this material contributes both pseudocapacitative (PC) and electrical double layer capacitative (EDLC) behaviour. Functionalization of acetylene black (AB) has been carried out and used as dopant for THF soluble polyaniline base (PANI) to prepare PANI-functionalized acetylene black (PANI-FAB). Formation of FAB and PANI-FAB was confirmed with the help of FT-IR and XPS study. Functionalization of AB results in agglomerated FAB and doping with PANI results in agglomerated fibrous PANI-FAB, as compared to fibrous AB. High thermal stability of AB decreases on functionalization and again slightly increases for PANI-FAB. Functionalization of AB also results good bonding effect with PANI, where PANI acts as both PC and binder, instead of the higher amounts of binder (PVdF &gt; 30 wt%) that are normally needed to hold AB. Electrochemical studies of FAB and PANI-FAB materials were carried out by cyclic voltammetric and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic methods. PANI-FAB supercapacitor cell shows capacitance of 132 Fg 1 for 0.3 Ag 1 current density with very low charge-transfer resistance and low time constant.
The AUDANA algorithm for automated protein 3D structure determination from NMR NOE data (2016)

We introduce AUDANA (Automated Database-Assisted NOE Assignment), an algorithm for determining three-dimensional structures of proteins from NMR data that automates the assignment of 3D-NOE spectra, generates distance constraints, and conducts iterative high temperature molecular dynamics and simulated annealing. The protein sequence, chemical shift assignments, and NOE spectra are the only required inputs. Distance constraints generated automatically from ambiguously assigned NOE peaks are validated during the structure calculation against information from an enlarged version of the freely available PACSY database that incorporates information on protein structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). This approach yields robust sets of distance constraints and 3D structures. We evaluated the performance of AUDANA with input data for 14 proteins ranging in size from 6 to 25 kDa that had 27-98 % sequence identity to proteins in the database. In all cases, the automatically calculated 3D structures passed stringent validation tests. Structures were determined with and without database support. In 9/14 cases, database support improved the agreement with manually determined structures in the PDB and in 11/14 cases, database support lowered the r.m.s.d. of the family of 20 structural models.
Local world modelling for teleoperation in a nuclear environment using a Bayesian multiple hypothesis tree (2002)

The presented local world modelling tool assists a human operator of a teleoperated robot in a nuclear environment in locating and recognising stationary objects with an ultrasonic sensor. The interpretation of the measurements of this type of sensor is not trivial for a human operator. In addition, not only the uncertainty on the measurement value is important, but also the uncertainty on the origin of the measurement needs to be dealt with, i.e. from which feature of which object the measurement originates. The Bayesian multiple-hypothesis tree allows different hypotheses on the origin of a measurement to coexist if the ambiguity cannot be resolved at once. For each of these hypotheses, rigorous Bayesian methods are used to update the estimate of the object location, and to calculate its probability. The presented algorithm is easier to apply than other existing multiple hypothesis algorithms. The probability of each local scene model is calculated as the probability of this residual error of the estimate. It is shown that this residual error can be calculated in a trivial way from the results of the Kalman filter based estimator. In addition, the assumption of a static world allows to do without complex probability calculus.
Naturally occurring C-terminally truncated STAT5 is a negative regulator of HIV-1 expression (2007)

CD4(+) cells of most individuals infected with HIV-1 harbor a C-terminally truncated and constitutively activated form of signal transducer and activator of transcription-5 (STAT5 Delta). We report that the chronically HIV-infected U1 cell line expresses STAT5 Delta but not full-length STAT5. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) stimulation of U1 cells promoted early activation of STAT5 Delta and of extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERKs), followed by later activation of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and HIV expression. Inhibition of ERK/AP-1 by PD98,059 abolished, whereas either tyrphostin AG490 or a STAT5 small interfering RNA (siRNA) enhanced, virion production in GM-CSF-stimulated U1 cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated the induction of STAT5 Delta binding to STAT consensus sequences in the HIV-1 promoter together with a decreased recruitment of RNA polymerase II after 1 hour of GM-CSF stimulation of U1 cells. Down-regulation of STAT5 Delta by siRNA resulted in the up-regulation of both HIV-1 gag-pol RNA and p24 Gag antigen expression in CD8-depleted leukocytes of several HIV-positive individuals cultivated ex vivo in the presence of interleukin-2 but not of interleukin-7. Thus, the constitutively activated STAT5 Delta present in the leukocytes of most HIV-positive individuals acts as a negative regulator of HIV expression.