gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Topology Study for an Inductive Power Transmitter for Cordless Kitchen Appliances (2018)

In a conventional kitchen an appliance may require over 2.4kW of power during normal operation. In a cordless kitchen the used appliances are cordless, so this power needs to be transferred over a distance of at least 4cm, at high efficiency. Therefore an inductive power system needs to be installed with an inductive power transmitter below the table countertop and an inductive power receiver inside the appliance. Next to the inductive power system the cordless appliance is also equipped with a communication channel. There are many transmitter topologies which can satisfy the functional requirements (like amount of power transferred, high efficiency, etc.) of the inductive power system. But satisfying the non-functional requirements (like EMI) most often takes several design iterations. Presently, a transmitter based on a series resonance principle will be the first choice of the designer because it is relatively simple to understand and can satisfy the functional requirements of the system easily. The aim of the paper is to describe the present choice for the transmitter and to explain a new transmitter topology that can intrinsically minimize the problems associated with the present choice. The paper proceeds with a brief introduction about the cordless kitchen concept, in section I. Section II gives the description and analysis of the presently used topology in the system. The requirements of a new transmitter topology are explained in section III and a new transmitter topology along with its analysis, is proposed in Section IV. Section V explains the experimental measurements and gives the comparison between the present and the proposed topologies. The conclusion is stated in section VI.
Localization and visualization of pulmonary emboli with radiolabeled fibrin-specific monoclonal antibody. (1991)

Indium-111-labeled monoclonal antibody 64C5 specific for the beta-chain of fibrin monomer was used to image canine (n = 6) experimental pulmonary emboli (at least one barium-thrombin and one copper-coil induced clot per dog). Uptake of 111In-64C5 and 125I-control-DIG26-11 were compared in 10 clots (7 barium-thrombin and 3 copper-coil) identified in the lungs. There was no difference in the blood clearance of 111In-64C5 and 125I-DIG26-11. Uptake of 111In-64C5 (0.183 +/- 0.105, mean %ID/g) was greater than 125I-DIG26-11 (0.024 +/- 0.025) in pulmonary clots (p less than 0.001). Mean thrombus to blood ratios at 24 hr were 6.78:1 for 64C5 and 0.57:1 for DIG26-11. The clots visualized in vivo were larger (0.315 +/- 0.381 g) than clots not visualized (0.089 +/- 0.098). Negative images were recorded in three dogs with pulmonary emboli, injected with 111In-labeled control monoclonal antibody 3H3. These data suggest that 111In-labeled antifibrin can detect large pulmonary emboli in vivo.
DRY ETCHING OF CONTACT WINDOWS IN SILICON DIOXIDE USING CHF (1985)

Due to decreasing in LSI, VLSI,(ULSI), dry etching steps (Plasma etch, RIE, RIBM...) replace most wet etchings. Initially, most of the attention was paid to patterning of silicon nitride and polysilicon (etching steep walls with no undercut.) Only during the last 2 years, dry etching of silicon dioxide became a hot topic. This paper gives a description of an integrated process for etching contact windows in silicon dioxide. Also basic mechanisms of the silicon dioxide etching are explainer.
Mikrostrukturelle Charakterisierung von PH 13-8 Mo Maraging-Stählen (2009)

Kurzfassung Maraging-Stähle zeichnen sich durch eine günstige Kombination von hoher Festigkeit bei gleichzeitig akzeptabler Zähigkeit aus. Ihre Mikrostruktur besteht aus einer martensitischen Matrix, in der intermetallische Ausscheidungen eingelagert sind und einem, je nach Wärmebehandlung und Legierungszusammensetzung variierenden, geringen Anteil an Austenit. In dieser Arbeit werden Methoden und Verfahren angeführt, um die Mikrostruktur von Maraging-Stählen umfassend zu charakterisieren. Neben der ehemaligen Austenitkorngröße, dem Martensit und den intermetallischen Phasen umfasst dies auch den rückumgewandelten Austenit, der während der Wärmebehandlung entsteht. Neben der Beschreibung des Wachstums der Austenitkörner mithilfe des Gesetzes vom isothermen Kornwachstum werden hochauflösende Methoden wie Rückstreuelektronenbeugung (EBSD), Transmissionelektronenmikroskopie (TEM) und Atomsonde (AP) angewendet.
Long‐term monitoring of virus antibody titers in human intravenous immunoglobulin lots derived from donors in Japan (2018)

Monitoring the titer of IVIG lots and seroprevalence of donor populations is important for anticipating future changes in virus antibody titers of IVIG lots and can provide useful information of clinical interest.
Ergosta-7, 9 (11), 22-trien-3β-ol Interferes with LPS Docking to LBP, CD14, and TLR4/MD-2 Co-Receptors to Attenuate the NF-κB Inflammatory Pathway In Vitro and Drosophila (2021)

Ergosta-7, 9 (11), 22-trien-3β-ol (EK100) was isolated from <i>Cordyceps militaris</i>, which has been used as a traditional anti-inflammatory medicine. EK100 has been reported to attenuate inflammatory diseases, but its anti-inflammatory mechanism is still unclear. We were the first to investigate the effect of EK100 on the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor of the κ light chain enhancer of B cells (NF-κB) signaling in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled NF-κB reporter gene of <i>Drosophila</i>. EK100 suppressed the release of the cytokine and attenuated the mRNA and protein expression of pro-inflammatory mediators. EK100 inhibited the inhibitor kappa B (IκB)/NF-κB signaling pathway. EK100 also inhibited phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Protein kinase B (Akt) signal transduction. Moreover, EK100 interfered with LPS docking to the LPS-binding protein (LBP), transferred to the cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), and bonded to TLR4/myeloid differentiation-2 (MD-2) co-receptors. Compared with the TLR4 antagonist, resatorvid (CLI-095), and dexamethasone (Dexa), EK100 suppressed the TLR4/AKT signaling pathway. In addition, we also confirmed that EK100 attenuated the GFP-labeled NF-κB reporter gene expression in <i>Drosophila</i>. In summary, EK100 might alter LPS docking to LBP, CD14, and TLR4/MD-2 co-receptors, and then it suppresses the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and <i>Drosophila</i>.
Fibrous Monolithic Ceramics: III, Mechanical Properties and Oxidation Behavior of the Silicon Carbide/Boron Nitride System (1994)

Fibrous monolithic ceramics were fabricated in the SiC/BN system. The microstructure consists of high‐aspect‐ratio polycrystalline cells of SiC separated by cell boundaries of BN. The fibrous monolith with aligned cells fails noncatastrophically in flexure, with delamination cracking along the BN cell boundaries. Indentations cause controlled damage on the surface, but no strength‐degrading flaws. The flexural strength is in the range 300–375 MPa, and the estimated shear strength is ∼14 MPa. The SiC/BN fibrous monoliths also show excellent resistance to high‐temperature oxidation in air. Noncatastrophic fracture behavior is observed at room temperature after heat treatments between 1200° and 1500°C. The SiC cells on the surface are oxidized to form a protective silicate scale, which prevent deterioration of the BN cell boundaries.
Photocontrol of a Membrane Nanopore Forming Protein (2019)

Key words fragaceatoxin C - membrane nanopores - photoswitches - protein conjugation
Adverse effect of the CCR5 promoter −2459A allele on HIV‐1 disease progression (2001)

HIV positive individuals heterozygous for a 32 basepair deletion in the CCR5 encoding gene (CCR5 Delta32) have a reduced number of CCR5 receptors on the cell surface and a slower progression towards AIDS and death. Other human polymorphisms, such as the CCR2 64I and the CCR5 promoter -2459 A/G transition that has been discovered recently, have also been shown to influence HIV progression. Since genetic linkages make these polymorphisms interdependent variables, the aim of the present study was to isolate and evaluate the effect on HIV disease progression for each of these mutations independently. Genotypes were determined in 119 individuals enrolled in the Copenhagen AIDS Cohort. When including the concurrent effects of the CCR5 Delta32 and CCR2 64I mutations, homozygous carriers of the CCR5 promoter -2459A allele had a significantly faster progression towards death than heterozygous A/G individuals (P = 0.03), whereas this adverse effect was not significant when comparing A/A and G/G individuals. However, independent analysis revealed a significant adverse effect of the CCR5 promoter -2459A allele. Homozygous carriers of the -2459A allele that lack the protective effects of the CCR5 Delta32 and CCR2 64I mutations were found to have a median survival of 6.0 years, whereas carriers of the -2459G allele had a median survival of 9.4 years (P < 0.01).
DoD Research Program in Robotics. (1980)

This paper is a broad, brief overview of the DoD Research Program in Robotics. It begins with background examples on some of the needs and current robotic techniques being used in DoD activities. It then discusses near future robotic systems currently projected for funding. Next, projections are made for the more far-term future DoD robotic systems. Finally, specific areas requiring research are delineated and Navy research programs are identified which address these areas. (Author)
Rare-earth isotopes as tracers of particulate emissions: An urban scale test. Final report (1991)

The particulate emissions of a 100 MW(e) coal-fired power plant were successfully tagged with enriched rare-earth isotopes on three occasions during the month of August, 1988. On 28 August, an 8-hour release was made using 94% isotopically pure 148Nd injected at a rate of 61 mg/hr and 14 ambient aerosol samples collected along a 72 degree arc 20-km distant from the plant were analyzed by pulse-counting thermal-ionization mass spectrometry for excess 148Nd and naturally-occurring (total) Nd background. The results were in good agreement with Gaussian plume model predictions. We conclude that the experiment and preliminary results successfully demonstrate the feasibility of using an enriched rare-earth isotopes as tracers of emissions from coal-fired power plants. The large signal-to-noise ratios achieved here are sufficient for tracing particles over much larger distances.
Stage-specific expression of 14-3-3 in asexual blood-stage Plasmodium (1999)

This paper reports the identification of 14-3-3 in Plasmodium. 14-3-3 is an evolutionarily conserved protein that is most noted as a mediator in signal transduction events and cell cycle regulation. The complete cDNA (approximately 2.6 kb) and gDNA (approximately 3.4 kb) of a Plasmodium knowlesi 14-3-3 (Pk14-3-3) is reported. The gene has three introns; two near the beginning and one close to the end of the coding sequence. Also reported, is the gDNA of the Plasmodium falciparum homologue (Pf14-3-3). Unlike in many other organisms, where multiple gene copies and different functional isoforms exist, Plasmodium 14-3-3 is encoded as a single-copy gene. Northern blot analyses show that the Pk14-3-3 transcript in asexual blood stages begins to be expressed in the ring-stage, predominates in young trophozoites, and thereafter declines. An antiserum produced against recombinant Pk14-3-3 reacts via immunoblot and immunoprecipitation with the approximately 30 kDa and the approximately 32 kDa Pk14-3-3 and Pf14-3-3 proteins, respectively. Protein expression in P. knowlesi closely mimics the pattern of the transcript.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal Free Intramolecular S‐Arylation: One‐Pot Synthesis of Thiochromen‐4‐ones. (2014)

Abstract The reaction of 2,4‐dichloroacetophenone leads also to significant amounts of methylthio substituted products (VI).
Ballistic deflection transistors and the emerging nanoscale era (2009)

This paper presents a brief survey of the state of the art in nanoscale electronics, with special emphasis on room-temperature nanoscale ballistic deflection transistors (BDTs) and T-branch junctions (TBJs). Both devices are planar structures etched into a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). Extremely low capacitances (~0.2 fF) in the 2DEG system and low switching voltages (~0.15 V) predict THz performance and ultra-low power consumption, making BDTs and TBJs among the most promising and versatile of ballistic nanoelectronic devices. Obstacles in circuit and logic design using the BDT are presented along with potential solutions. I-V characteristics from a fabricated BDT and simulation results from a two-input BDT NAND gate are provided. Future plans to facilitate large-scale integration are discussed.
Metagenomics reveals impact of geography and acute diarrheal disease on the Central Indian human gut microbiome (2020)

We report distinct differences in antimicrobial resistance gene profiles, enrichment of metabolic pathways and phage composition between rural and urban populations, as well as a higher burden of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> disease in the urban population. Our results reveal that geography is the key driver of variation in urban and rural Indian microbiomes, with acute diarrheal disease, including <i>C. difficile</i> disease exerting a lesser impact. Future studies will be required to understand the potential role of dietary, cultural, and genetic factors in contributing to microbiome differences between rural and urban populations.
Cost-comparison analysis of FIB-4, ELF and fibroscan in community pathways for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (2019)

Our analyses suggest that the use of NILT in primary care can increases early detection of advanced liver fibrosis and reduce unnecessary referral of patients with mild disease and is cost efficient. Adopting a two-tier approach improves resource utilization.
SOFT CORALS (OCTOCORALLIA, ALCYONACEA) OF THE SOUTHERN RED SEA (2002)

The species composition of soft corals of the families Tubiporidae, Alcyoniidae, Nephtheidae, and Xeniidae is presented for the Dahlak Archipelago (15-16oS) in the southern Red Sea in Eritrean waters. A comprehensive collection was made during several field trips (1993-2002) to various sites in this archipelago. Some unexamined specimens obtained during the Israeli South Red Sea expeditions (1962 and 1965) to the region were also included in the study. A systematic list of soft corals is presented, comprising 28 species based on the material and previous literature. The list includes five genera (Rhytisma, Sinularia, Paralemnalia, Scleronephthya, and Heteroxenia) and sixteen species recorded for the first time in the southern Red Sea. Seven of these species belong to the genus Sinularia and three to Ovabunda. All the species found belong to the Indo-Pacific faunistic province and have been previously recorded elsewhere in the Red Sea. A distinct north to south latitudinal diversity attenuation of soft cor...
Facile Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl-substituted Enynes: Remarkable Reactivity and Stereoselectivity of Tributyl(3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl)stannane in Carbostannylation of Alkynes (2005)

Abstract Carbostannylation of alkynes with tributyl(3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl)stannane is found to proceed at room temperature in a syn-manner, giving rise to the corresponding CF3-substituted enynes as a single stereoisomer in good yields. Both terminal and, CF3- or RO2C-substituted internal alkynes are applicable to the addition reaction. Synthetic applications of the adduct are also demonstrated.
Periodic corrugations to increase efficiency of thermophotovoltaic emitting structures (2019)

In this letter, we consider the question of designing insulator/metal thermovoltaic structures with periodically corrugated interfaces that give optimal performance based on the metric of useful power density. Using a Monte Carlo approach in a robust, rapid, and high-accuracy numerical simulation strategy, we have identified such interface shapes. We searched among the class of sinusoids and found that a flat-interface configuration could be significantly improved in transverse magnetic polarization. More specifically, we found that (i) the performance improves with increasing corrugation amplitude (ii) up to a maximum, (iii) the shape of the corrugation is largely irrelevant, and (iv) the period of the corrugation should be chosen in connection to the bandgap energy of the photovoltaic cell. For the latter, we provide a simple expression as a starting point for practitioners interested in fabricating such structures.
THE EFFECT OF PSORALENS AND ANGELICINS ON PROTEINS IN THE PRESENCE OF UV-A IRRADIATION (1981)

— The photobinding to proteins of furocoumarins with linear and angular structure (psoralens and angelicins) has been found to occur at relatively high fluences of UV-A irradiation (66.5 kJm2). The extent of photobinding between serum albumin and the investigated furocoumarins (psoralen, 8-methylpsoralen, 8-methoxypsoralen, angelicin and 4,5′-dimethylangelicin) varies largely with the furocoumarin structure and is correlated with the extent of photodegradation of the same furocoumarins when irradiated alone in aqueous solution. On the other hand, for each furocoumarin, the extent of photobinding varies considerably with different proteins.
Modulating innate immune activation states impacts the efficacy of specific Aβ immunotherapy (2021)

Abstract Introduction Passive immunotherapies targeting Aβ continue to be evaluated as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) therapeutics, but there remains debate over the mechanisms by which these immunotherapies work. Besides the amount of preexisting Aβ deposition and the type of deposit (compact or diffuse), there is little data concerning what factors, independent of those intrinsic to the antibody, might influence efficacy. Here we (i) explored how constitutive priming of the underlying innate activation states by Il10 and Il6 might influence passive Aβ immunotherapy and (ii) evaluated transcriptomic data generated in the AMP-AD initiative to inform how these two cytokines and their receptors’ mRNA levels are altered in human AD and an APP mouse model. Methods rAAV2/1 encoding EGFP, Il6 or Il10 were delivered by somatic brain transgenesis to neonatal (P0) TgCRND8 APP mice. Then, at 2 months of age, the mice were treated bi-weekly with a high-affinity anti-Aβ1–16 mAb5 monoclonal antibody or control mouse IgG until 6 months of age. rAAV mediated transgene expression, amyloid accumulation, Aβ levels and gliosis were assessed. Extensive transcriptomic data was used to evaluate the mRNA expression levels of IL10 and IL6 and their receptors in the postmortem human AD temporal cortex and in the brains of TgCRND8 mice, the later at multiple ages. Results Priming TgCRND8 mice with Il10 increases Aβ loads and blocks efficacy of subsequent mAb5 passive immunotherapy, whereas priming with Il6 priming reduces Aβ loads by itself and subsequent Aβ immunotherapy shows only a slightly additive effect. Transcriptomic data shows that (i) there are significant increases in the mRNA levels of Il6 and Il10 receptors in the TgCRND8 mouse model and temporal cortex of humans with AD and (ii) there is a great deal of variance in individual mouse brain and the human temporal cortex of these interleukins and their receptors. Conclusions The underlying immune activation state can markedly affect the efficacy of passive Aβ immunotherapy. These results have important implications for ongoing human AD immunotherapy trials, as they indicate that underlying immune activation states within the brain, which may be highly variable, may influence the ability for passive immunotherapy to alter Aβ deposition.
Space‐Resolved In‐Plane Moduli of Graphene Oxide and Chemically Derived Graphene Applying a Simple Wrinkling Procedure (2012)

Mapping the in-plane moduli: A simple wrinkling process on a deformable substrate requiring only readily available topographical atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging allows space-resolved determination of the mechanical properties of single graphene oxide and chemically derived graphene sheets. The lateral resolution in the sub-micrometer range delivers unique insights into the defect distribution within the nanoplatelets. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Human myxomatous mitral valve prolapse: Role of bone morphogenetic protein 4 in valvular interstitial cell activation (2011)

Myxomatous mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the most common cardiac valvular abnormality in industrialized countries and a leading cause of mitral valve surgery for isolated mitral regurgitation. The key role of valvular interstitial cells (VICs) during mitral valve development and homeostasis has been recently suggested, however little is known about the molecular pathways leading to MVP. We aim to characterize bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) as a cellular regulator of mitral VIC activation towards a pathologic synthetic phenotype and to analyze the cellular phenotypic changes and extracellular matrix (ECM) reorganization associated with the development of myxomatous MVP. Microarray analysis showed significant up regulation of BMP4-mediated signaling molecules in myxomatous MVP when compared to controls. Histological analysis and cellular characterization suggest that during myxomatous MVP development, healthy quiescent mitral VICs undergo a phenotypic activation via up regulation of BMP4-mediated pathway. In vitro hBMP4 treatment of isolated human mitral VICs mimics the cellular activation and ECM remodeling as seen in MVP tissues. The present study characterizes the cell biology of mitral VICs in physiological and pathological conditions and provides insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms mediated by BMP4 during MVP. The ability to test and control the plasticity of VICs using different molecules may help in developing new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for myxomatous MVP.
Mutations in the <i>RSK2(RPS6KA3)</i> gene cause Coffin–Lowry syndrome and nonsyndromic X‐linked mental retardation (2006)

We describe three families with X-linked mental retardation, two with a deletion of a single amino acid and one with a missense mutation in the proximal domain of the RSK2(RPS6KA3) (ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90 kDa, polypeptide 3) protein similar to mutations found in Coffin-Lowry syndrome (CLS). In two families, the clinical diagnosis had been nonsyndromic X-linked mental retardation. In the third family, although CLS had been suspected, the clinical features were atypical and the degree of intellectual disability much less than expected. These families show that strict reliance on classical clinical criteria for mutation testing may result in a missed diagnosis. A less targeted screening approach to mutation testing is advocated.