gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adsorption properties of metal ions onto hydrolyzed polyacrylamide gel. (1990)

An experimental investigation of the adsorption properties of metal ions onto gel was carried out by using hydrolyzed polyacrylamide gel and copper sulphate, ferrous ammonium sulphate and ferrous sulphate solutions. Considering that carboxyl groups in the gel bond with the metal ions according to their electric charge number, the adsorption properties were examined on the basis of dissociation equilibriums from monocarboxyl to dicarboxyl acid. From theoretical analyses, empirical equations that give the amount of metal ions adsorbed on the gel were obtained. For the adsorption equilibrium of copper and ferrous ions, the amount of ions adsorbed within the gel can be calculated well from the initial and equilibrium concentrations of the metal ions in aqueous phase, the concentrations of hydrogen ions, the weight of the gel and the volume of solution used.
Trackability analysis of multiple processes using multi-distributed agents (2006)

A framework of trackability analysis of tracking systems is established based on the information theoretic approach of estimation problems. The a posterior conditional entropy is linked to two principal factors of the tracking performance - the probability of error, and the complexity of hypothesis management. Quantitative boundaries of the two performance factors are induced from the entropy indicator. Analytic works focus on discrete state tracking problems with stationary property, verified by simulation results on finite alphabet hidden Markov models.
Aberrant promoter methylation of multiple genes in bronchial brush samples from former cigarette smokers. (2002)

Promoter hypermethylation plays an important role in the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes during tumorigenesis. Recent data suggest that such epigenetic abnormality may occur very early in lung carcinogenesis. To determine the extent of promoter hypermethylation in early lung tumorigenesis, we analyzed promoter methylation status of the p16, death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) and glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) genes using methylation-specific PCR in bronchial brush samples obtained from 100 former smokers enrolled in a chemoprevention clinical trial. We found that 17% of the samples showed methylation for p16 and 17% the same for DAPK, whereas only 6% of the samples displayed methylation for GSTP1. A total of 32% of the samples had methylation in at least one of the three genes tested, and 8% of the samples had methylation in two genes. The methylation status of p16 was correlated with that of DAPK (P = 0.04, Fisher's exact test). p16 methylation was higher in former smokers with a history of previous cancer than in former smokers without a history of cancer (P = 0.04, Fisher's exact test), and methylation of DAPK was detected more frequently in older patients than it was in younger patients (P = 0.01, Wilcoxon rank-sum test). Surprisingly, no correlation was found between methylation in any of these genes and the smoking characteristics of the individuals analyzed (packs per day, pack-years, smoking years, quitting years). The precise meaning of methylated genes in the bronchial brush samples of former smokers must be sought by means of careful follow-up of these individuals.
Comparing spatial expression dynamics of bovine blastocyst under three different procedures: in-vivo, in-vitro derived, and somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. (2015)

There has been no work on spatiotemporal transcriptomic differences of blastocysts using in vivo- and in vitro-derived, and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Here, we first compared the lineage-differentially transcriptomic profiles of in vivo- and in vitro-derived embryos by microarray analysis using divided into inner cell mass (ICM)-and trophectoderm (TE)-side samples, as well as those derived from SCNT in order to explore lineage-differentially expressed genes that are associated with preimplantation development in cattle. The transcriptomic profiles of the ICM-specific and TE-specific genes were similar between in vitro-derived embryos and in vivo-derived embryos, whereas SCNT embryos exhibited unusual lineage-differentially gene expression regulation at the blastocyst stage. The genes expressed in a spatiotemporal manner between developmentally normal in-vivo derived blastocysts and developmentally abnormal SCNT blastocysts might play critical roles for preimplantation development. Comparing spatial expression dynamics of bovine blastocyst under three different procedures revealed that CIITA was expressed in ICM-side samples of all the embryo types. CIITA is known as the master regulator of major histocompatibility complexes (MHC) class II genes that express in antigen-presenting cells but its biological function in preimplantation embryo is still unknown in mammals. Knockdown of CIITA expression in in vitro-derived embryos did not affect cleavage, but disrupted development of embryos into the blastocyst stage. These findings provide the novel transcriptomic information on blastocyst formation, raising the possibility that immune function-related gene directly plays important roles in bovine preimplantation development.
Gemcitabine in leukemia: a phase I clinical, plasma, and cellular pharmacology study. (1992)

Studies of the cellular pharmacology and pharmacodynamics of dFdC may be useful in optimizing protocol designs for leukemia.
Design and applications of a chemical sensor compatible with autonomous ocean-sampling networks (2001)

Autonomous ocean-sampling networks (AOSN) are under development to provide detailed descriptions of the ocean's physical and chemical characteristics. Such networks require sensors capable of adaptive observations within dynamic geophysical and geochemical fields. We have developed a high-sensitivity spectrophotometric chemical sensor (SEAS) consistent with AOSN requirements. In this work, we describe the configurations and capabilities of SEAS and its potential role in an automated sampling network.
A 3.7 V to 200 V highly integrated DC-DC converter with 70.4% efficiency for portable electrostatic MEMS applications (2014)

Laser-based pico projectors are readily available, however to push their integration one step further and include them in smartphones, tablets or car head up displays, new ways to generate the high voltage required by electrostatic MEMS actuators must be proposed to meet smartphones' small form factor and power requirements. In that context, this paper presents a highly-integrated coupled inductor DC-DC converter that can convert a 3.7 V battery voltage into a 150 V to 300 V output voltage suitable for biasing electrostatic MEMS in portable applications. The fabricated circuit occupies 4.21 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in a 0.8 μm 300 V HVCMOS process. To achieve that small active area, a power switch that reduces by up to 79% the switch silicon area requirement has been developed. At 200 V output voltage, the DC-DC converter can deliver up to 500 mW with a peak efficiency of 70.4% which outperforms current highly integrated solutions.
Assessment of Skin and Mucosa at the Equine Oral Commissures to Assess Pathology from Bit Wear: The Oral Commissure Assessment Protocol (OCA) for Analysis and Categorisation of Oral Commissures (2022)

This study addresses the presence and location of natural pigmentation, potentially pathological changes in pigment, interruptions of the natural lining (scars), roughness, and erosions/contusion (bruising) in and around the corners of the lips of 206 horses presented to a veterinarian for routine preventative dental treatment. After sedation, photographs were taken and later evaluated for the presence of lesions. During the photographic analysis, the Oral Commissure Assessment (OCA) protocol was developed to map precisely the areas of skin and mucosa around the corners of the lips, and the presence of lesions was recorded for each area. Potentially pathological pigment changes occurred more frequently in horses with a higher level of training (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and in light-coloured horses (<i>p</i> = 0.0004), but there was no association with the current use of a bit or the discipline that the horse participated in (<i>p</i> = 0.20). Scars occurred more frequently in horses competing at a higher level. Only two horses had contusions or erosions, five had ulcers, and none showed bleeding; these numbers were too low for statistical analysis. Using the OCA protocol provides a detailed method for categorizing and recording lesions in and around the corners of the lips, including natural vs. potential and/or definite pathological character.
Basic calcium phosphate crystals induce IL-1B secretion in vitro through activation of the Nalp3 inflammasome (2010)

Objectives: We tested the effects of the three forms of basic calcium phosphate (BCP) crystals (octacalcium phosphate (OCP), carbonate-substituted apatite (CA) and hydroxyapatite (HA)) on monocytes and macrophages on IL-1β secretion. The requirement for the NALP3 inflammasome and TLR2 and TLR4 receptors in this acute response was analyzed.
Extensive quantitative remodeling of the proteome between normal colon tissue and adenocarcinoma (2012)

We report a proteomic analysis of microdissected material from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded colorectal cancer, quantifying > 7500 proteins between patient matched normal mucosa, primary carcinoma, and nodal metastases. Expression levels of 1808 proteins changed significantly between normal and cancer tissues, a much larger fraction than that reported in transcript-based studies. Tumor cells exhibit extensive alterations in the cell-surface and nuclear proteomes. Functionally similar changes in the proteome were observed comparing rapidly growing and differentiated CaCo-2 cells. In contrast, there was minimal proteomic remodeling between primary cancer and metastases, suggesting that no drastic proteome changes are necessary for the tumor to propagate in a different tissue context. Additionally, we introduce a new way to determine protein copy numbers per cell without protein standards. Copy numbers estimated in enterocytes and cancer cells are in good agreement with CaCo-2 and HeLa cells and with the literature data. Our proteomic data set furthermore allows mapping quantitative changes of functional protein classes, enabling novel insights into the biology of colon cancer.
Polycrystalline heterojunction solar cells: Device perspective (1992)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation J. E. Phillips, W. N. Shafarman, R. W. Birkmire, S. S. Hegedus, B. E. McCandless; Polycrystalline heterojunction solar cells: Device perspective. AIP Conf. Proc. 1 December 1992; 268 (1): 206–211. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.42916 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Using repeat airborne LiDAR to map the growth of individual oil palms in Malaysian Borneo during the 2015–16 El Niño (2022)

Making oil palm agriculture as efficient as possible is essential to ensuring that this economically important crop can be grown sustainably. To determine how oil palm growth rates vary across tropical landscapes, we used repeat airborne LiDAR data to map the height growth of >500,000 oil palms in Malaysian Borneo over a two-year period coinciding with the 2015–16 El Niño drought. Despite uncharacteristically dry and hot weather conditions, oils palms grew an average of 1.6 m yr−1 in height over this period. However, oil palm growth rates varied across the landscape and in relation to plant age, tending to be fastest for younger individuals growing closer to forest edges, further from rivers and at higher elevations. Our results highlight the ability of oil palms to grow even during periods of drought and showcase how cutting-edge remote sensing technologies can help improve the efficiency and sustainability of oil palm agriculture.
Effects of Extracellular Matrix Components on Cell Locomotion (1993)

The extracellular matrix (ecm), which is composed of collagens, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans, has emerged as an important regulator of cell locomotion. This review describes some of the mechanisms by which the ecm may regulate locomotion, focusing primarily on cell extension and lamellae formation. Ecm-receptor interactions form an important part of cell recognition of ecm. Such interactions can result in altered cell adhesion, signal transduction, and cytoskeletal organization, all of which impact on cell locomotion. It is important to note that although the effects of single ecm components have been studied, generally, the cell is likely to perceive ecm in vivo as a macromolecular complex. It will fall to future work to define how complexes of ecm regulate cell behavior. Because of our own particular research bias, we focus on reviewing the role of fibronectin, integrins, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronan, and hyaluronan receptors in the regulation of cell locomotion and examine their effect on adhesion, signal transduction, and cytoskeletal integrity. Cytoskeleton assembly mechanisms, particularly those that might be regulated by the ecm, are also described. These events are summarized in a working model of ecm-promoted locomotion.
Gold nanoparticle-cored poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers as a new platform for multifunctional drug delivery systems (2011)

Two poly(propyleneimine) dendrons (PPI dendrons) of third generation, containing eight branches (nitriles or primary amines) and having tyramine as the focal point, were prepared. A tetraethylene glycol spacer (TEG), terminated by a protected thiol group, was attached to their focal points. The obtained TEG–PPI dendrons were successfully used to cap 18 nm spherical gold nanoparticles, with no need for intermediate thioctic acid exchange of citrate, as previously reported for non-anionic ligands. The novel gold nanoparticle-cored PPI dendrimers were characterized by UV-visible and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques, dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta-potential and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Importantly, the amine terminated gold nanoparticle-cored PPI dendrimer showed great stability in PBS buffer, as well as in the presence of a salt, and they did not show any sign of degradation after freeze-drying. Also, this new type of PPI dendrimer was found to protonate at pH around 4.5 for their internal tertiary amines. The latter being present in large numbers on each gold nanoparticle, their protonation at pH below 5 will produce a proton-sponge effect, which plays a crucial role in lysosomal escape during drug delivery.
Preparation of Natural Bio-Adsorbent from Green Tea Extract Powder and Its Application for Selective Removal of Cs(I) from Water (2021)

The present study investigates a new adsorbent for Cs(I) removal from green tea extract. An extract of green tea rich in polyphenolic compounds was simply cross-linked using concentrated sulfuric acid to reduce aqueous solubility and improve Cs(I) adsorption. Dissolution of total organic carbon (TOC) from non-modified tea extract (TE, 4,324 mg/L) was drastically suppressed in cross-linked tea extract (CLTE, 13.6 mg/L). The adsorption performance of CLTE for Cs(I) was compared with TE, the feed material, using the batch-wise method. Kinetic study showed that the adsorption equilibrium can be reached within 4 h for native TE and 12 h for CLTE. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cs(I) using non-modified tea extract (TE, 0.20 mmol/g) was drastically increased after cross-linking (CLTE, 1.23 mmol/g). The Cs(I) ion was selectively adsorbed onto CLTE from a mixture containing a trace amount of Cs(I) and a high concentration of Na(I). Therefore, the CLTE adsorbent investigated in this study can be expected to be a potential efficient; and environmentally benign adsorbent for the treatment of water polluted with Cs(I) ion.
Tool Wear of (Ti,W)N Coated Cemented Carbide (2005)

In this study, the tool wear of the (Ti,W)N coated cemented carbide tool, which is a new type coating film, is experimentally investigated in order to clarify the effective tool material for the turning of SCr420H. The main results obtained are as follows: (1) The (Ti,W)N coated cemented carbide has high critical scratch load. (2) In the turning of SCr420H, the wear progress of the (Ti,W)N coated cemented carbide tool is slowest.
Characteristics of the GaN Polar Surface during an Etching Process in KOH Solution (2000)

The etching characteristics of GaN films prepared by several different methods were investigated. The polarity of all the GaN samples was first determined by coaxial impact collision ion scattering spectroscopy (CAICISS). From the relationship between the etching characteristics and the polarity it is confirmed that selective etching in KOH solution is consistent with the polarity rather than either the deposition method or the surface morphology. These etching characteristics are related to the polarity of the surface.
Optimization of thin-film YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ deposition by DC sputtering onto sapphire substrates (1989)

A report is presented on the deposition of YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ thin films onto epitaxial magnesia-coated single-crystal sapphire substrates at deposition temperatures in the range of 600 degrees C-850 degrees C. The dependence of film composition on sputtering parameters was investigated using a UHV DC magnetron sputter deposition system with both composite metal and ceramic oxide targets. Films deposited onto epitaxial magnesia are compared to those deposited directly onto sapphire and yttria-stabilized zirconia. The degree of control required for the sputter deposition of YBaCuO thin films at elevated temperatures is shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Asymptotic Convergence of Backpropagation: Numerical Experiments (1989)

We have calculated, both analytically and in simulations, the rate of convergence at long times in the backpropagation learning algorithm for networks with and without hidden units. Our basic finding for units using the standard sigmoid transfer function is 1/t convergence of the error for large t, with at most logarithmic corrections for networks with hidden units. Other transfer functions may lead to a slower polynomial rate of convergence. Our analytic calculations were presented in (Tesauro, He & Ahamd, 1989). Here we focus in more detail on our empirical measurements of the convergence rate in numerical simulations, which confirm our analytic results.
Mango ginger (curcuma amada) inhibits collagen-induced arthritis by modulating inflammatory cytokine levels in rats (2020)

MG ameliorates arthritis via actions on inflammatory ways and wingless (Wnt) signaling pathway. These results suggest that MG may have a considerable potential efficacy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Diffractive optical elements for photonic gas sensors (2005)

Diffractive optical elements are designed and demonstrated as elemental units in photonic gas sensors. Diffraction gratings are written on specially designed photosensitive polymers using photolithographic techniques, as well as on multilayer metal/metal oxide thin film structures. Photonic sensors are implemented using grating structures as the elemental units for the detection of the external agent. These gratings are designed from such materials that show response to the external agent and the sensitivity is increased through the design of the grating. The principle of operation is based on the grating's diffraction efficiency variations due to index of refraction alterations and/or geometrical changes of the grating structure (e.g., groove depth, groove spacing) to external factors. The advantageous characteristics of the presented integrated sensor are the fully reversible behavior at ambient operating conditions, without the need for additional heating or light exposure. Applications of these sensitive photonic sensors so far include water vapor, hydrocarbons, and alcohol detection. The optical designs are based on diffraction efficiency measurements, and incorporate a monochromatic optical source and simple optoelectronic detection components. The photonic sensor integration is based on bulk optics approach.
Model-Based Design of a New Light-weight Aircraft (2007)

This paper uses a combination of free and commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) modeling and simulation software to simplify and accelerate the flight vehicle design process. Using an example of a new light-weight aircraft the paper shows how a vehicle’s geometry can be optimized, stability and control coefficients calculated, open-loop plant model created, flight controller designed, and closed-loop simulation run, all in a rapid iterative fashion, to confirm that system level requirements are satisfied.
Rational Design of Potent and Selective Inhibitors of an Epoxide Hydrolase Virulence Factor from <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2016)

The virulence factor cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) inhibitory factor (Cif) is secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and is the founding member of a distinct class of epoxide hydrolases (EHs) that triggers the catalysis-dependent degradation of the CFTR. We describe here the development of a series of potent and selective Cif inhibitors by structure-based drug design. Initial screening revealed 1a (KB2115), a thyroid hormone analog, as a lead compound with low micromolar potency. Structural requirements for potency were systematically probed, and interactions between Cif and 1a were characterized by X-ray crystallography. On the basis of these data, new compounds were designed to yield additional hydrogen bonding with residues of the Cif active site. From this effort, three compounds were identified that are 10-fold more potent toward Cif than our first-generation inhibitors and have no detectable thyroid hormone-like activity. These inhibitors will be useful tools to study the pathological role of Cif and have the potential for clinical application.