gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PHOTOPHYSICAL STUDIES OF LOCAL ANESTHETICS, TETRACAINE and PROCAINE: DRUG AGGREGATIONS (1990)

The effects of solvent and concentration on the photophysical properties of tertiary amine local anesthetics, tetracaine and procaine were studied experimentally using low temperature (77 K) emission spectroscopy and confirmed theoretically using a HAM/3 method. For tetracaine free base in methylcyclohexane, a broad fluorescence band observed at approximately 375 nm for concentrations greater than 1 x 10(-3) M is assigned to the molecular self-associated species. The disappearance of this band in ethanol (i.e. a model hydrophobic environment) indicates a greater tendency of neutral tetracaine towards molecular hetero-association. In an aqueous solution of procaine.HCl, a broad emission band centered at approximately 400 nm is detected even at a concentration as low as 1 x 10(-4) M and is attributed to the charged aggregates of procaine.HCl. Two general observations for procaine, tetracaine and dibucaine are noted: (1) the monocation and free base local anesthetics in ethanol solutions give identical photophysical properties, suggesting that the monocation drug species in ethanol is H+ dissociative, and (2) the lowest singlet excited state of neutral local anesthetics is calculated to have a charge-transfer character originating from a non-bonding electron in the N of tertiary amine group to the pi orbital of aromatic ring. The possible pharmacological implications of the deprotonation, the drug aggregations and the charge-transfer excitations of local anesthetics on the molecular basis of anesthesia are discussed.
A robust SmartSilicon technology for a-Si:H heterojunction cells on MG and UMG-Si with efficiencies in the 16&amp;#x2013;18% range (2013)

We have developed a manufacturing- and field-worthy technology based on low cost p-type MG and n-type UMG active absorbers. By optimizing the casting process, we are able to achieve good carrier mobility. The cell is then enabled with a-Si:H for the surface passivation, emitter, back surface field and back reflector. The efficiencies are close to mainstream diffused junction cells, but with a much lower thermal coefficient of efficiency and 70~75% lower energy budget. Moreover the emitter current distribution is largely independent of underlying defects in the MG-Si. Hence the cells can be scaled to larger wafer sizes with cost benefits previously seen for semiconductors and flat-panel LCD's.
Elevated Serum Free Light Chains Predict Cardiovascular Events in Type 2 Diabetes (2014)

cFLC elevation is a novel marker for CVD outcomes in type 2 diabetes that warrants further investigation.
A Better Way to Support Horizontal Pressure Vessels Subject to Thermal Loading (1997)

When storing liquids at high temperature, in horizontal vessels, the current design methods aim to minimise the thermal stresses by introducing a sliding surface at the base of one of the twin saddle supports. However, regular site maintenance is required to ensure that adequate sliding is achieved This may be difficult and costly to carry out. The aim of the present work, therefore, is to dispense with the sliding support and to provide saddle designs which although fixed to the platform, or foundation, do not result in the storage/pressure vessel being over-stressed when thermal loading occurs. The paper provides general recommendations for the most appropriate saddle geometries, and details the way in which ‘Design by Analysis’ and ‘Fatigue Life Assessments’ may be carried out using the stresses which arise from these designs.
Microwave propagation and scattering in a dense distribution of non-tenuous spheres: experiment and theory (1992)

Abstract Controlled laboratory experimental results of coherent microwave propagation through a random medium are reported. The medium consisted of layers of styrofoam with spherical glass beads embedded at predetermined random positions generated by computer. The magnitude and phase of the transmitted field was measured over the frequency range 18-20.4 GHz for media with volume fractional densities ranging from 0.5% to 11%. The results are compared with independent scattering, Foldy's approximation, and the quasicrystalline approximation (QCA) using the solution of the Percus-Yevick (PY) equation for the pair distribution function. The effects of a size distribution are included. Experimental results indicate that at low densities, the measured extinction rate increases linearly with concentration in agreement with independent scattering. As concentration further increases, the extinction curve turns convex and is lower than independent scattering. However, it is higher than that predicted by QCA-PY. Using the known particle positions the authors have also computed the pair correlation function and good agreement is obtained with the Percus-Yevick approximation.
Heat Transfer in Two-Pass Turbulated Channels Connected by Holes (2002)

This is part of a continuing study of a new internal channel cooling design for modern gas-turbine blades. In previous studies, the enhanced cooling in thesecond pass of a serpentine channel was achieved by a combination of impingement and crosse ow-induced swirl. A holed or slotted divider wall replaced the 180-deg U turn connecting the two legs of the serpentine channel. Flow from one coolant pass to the adjoining coolant pass was achieved through a series of straight and angled holes and a two-dimensional slot placed along the dividing wall. The focus is to enhance the heat transfer in the e rst pass of the two-pass channel using traditional rib turbulators. The effect of ribs in the e rst pass on the overall second pass heat transfer enhancement is compared to channels with no rib turbulators. Heat transfer distributions are compared for three channel e ow Reynolds numbers ranging between 1:0 £ 10 4 and 5:0 £ 10 4 . Three different rib cone gurations, 90-deg ribs, 60-deg angled forward facing toward the divider wall, and 60-deg angled backward facing away from divider wall, are studied for all Reynolds numbers and dividerwallgeometries. Thepresenceof ribsin thee rst passdoesnot only decreasethe enhanced heattransfer in the second pass, but also provides higher heat transfer enhancement in the e rst pass, resulting in an increase in overall heat transfer enhancement for the entire two-pass channel.
The potential of genetic and gene expression analysis in the diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disorders (2016)

Neuropsychiatric disorders are difficult to diagnose because of phenotypic heterogeneity within and symptomatic overlap between disorders. This review describes how genomics and blood-based gene expression have shown potential as biomarkers for neuropsychiatric disorders (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder) yet also discusses how a complex genetic landscape has limited sole genetic diagnostic tools for these disorders. In addition to their potential use as classifiers for neuropsychiatric disorders, genomic and blood-based biomarkers have revealed clues to the molecular pathways contributing to etiology. A comprehensive overview of studies to date has been given, and the authors provide suggestions for steps to be taken to ultimately move the laboratory-based classifiers towards application in a clinical setting. Furthermore, they share their vision for the future of these classifiers, both in clinical application and in opening up new ways to gain insights into the underlying biology.
Brain imaging: a promising biomarker for pain (2018)

Clinicians and researchers have the problem of objectively assessing the intensity and characteristics of pain.Furthermore, the widespread use of Visual-Analogue scales during the past decade highlights the need for a reliable and quantitative biological marker of pain.Mono-and multidimensional measures of pain, based on the activity of one or more brain regions involved in the quantification of painful inputs, have become the focus of extensive research.The growing availability of non-invasive functional imaging has in fact fueled a revolution in the field: a novel multiparametric pain signature was recently introduced and tested in patients, and proven effective in evaluating the intensity of painful inputs, and the effects of analgesics on those stimuli.
Development of an RFLP map from a doubled haploid population in rice (1994)

Une population d'haploïdes doublés a été créée à partir d'un croisement entre 2 variétés de riz, l'une de type indica, l'autre de type japonica. De nombreux caractères d'intérêt agronomique sont en ségrégation dans cette population, qui peut donc être utilisée pour cartographier les gènes concernés sur le génome du riz. Dans une première étape, une carte des marqueurs RFLP couvrant les 12 chromosomes du riz est réalisée
&lt;title&gt;Noise sources in fiber optic rotation sensors: system analysis&lt;/title&gt; (1998)

An ideal fiber optic rotation rate sensor is shot noise limited. In present day technology, the maximum power that can be received at the detector end of the sensor is of the order of 1 to 10 µw. This corresponds to a minimum detectable rotation rate of 0.1 deg/hr to 0.035 deg/hr for a sensing coil length of 500 meters and radius 10 cm, operated at 1.3 µm wavelength. However a practical rotation sensor is limited by thermal noise of the load resistance, back scattering noise in optical fiber, polarization induced noise, source intensity noise and noise in processing electronics. These noise sources cause long term offset at sensor output resulting in drift. We have analyzed and estimated the various noise sources with an objective to achieve optimum performance of a fiber optic rotation sensor. The noise equivalent rotation rate due to various sources has been calculated for different values of optical power, wavelength of operation, length of the fiber and detection bandwidth. Polarization filtering, coherence length of the optical sources, phase modulator amplitude and frequency stability were analyzed to yield optimal system performance. Other effects which cause drift in rotation sensor such as Faraday effect and Kerr effect have also been considered.
Heterogeneity of fetal hemoglobin production in adult red blood cells (2021)

Fetal hemoglobin reactivation in adult red blood cells through genetic or pharmacological approaches can involve both increasing the number of F-cells and cellular fetal hemoglobin content. New technologies enable the study and eventually the improvement of these parameters in patients with sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia.
Nanodiamond Nanofluids for Enhanced Thermal Conductivity (2013)

Deaggregation of oxidized ultradispersed diamond (UDD) in dimethylsulfoxide followed by reaction with glycidol monomer, purification via aqueous dialysis, and dispersion in ethylene glycol (EG) base fluid affords nanodiamond (ND)-poly(glycidol) polymer brush:EG nanofluids exhibiting 12% thermal conductivity enhancement at a ND loading of 0.9 vol %. Deaggregation of UDD in the presence of oleic acid/octane followed by dispersion in light mineral oil and evaporative removal of octane gives ND·oleic acid:mineral oil dispersions exhibiting 11% thermal conductivity enhancement at a ND loading of 1.9 vol %. Average particle sizes of ND additives, determined by dynamic light scattering, are, respectively, ca. 11 nm (in H2O) and 18 nm (in toluene). Observed thermal conductivity enhancements outperform enhancement effects calculated using Maxwell's effective medium approximation by 2- to 4-fold. Covalent ND surface modification gives 2-fold greater thermal conductivity enhancement than ND surface modification via hydrogen-bonding interactions at similar concentrations. Stable, static ND:mineral oil dispersions are reported for the first time.
Total Synthesis of Terprenin, a Novel Immunosuppressive <i>p</i>-Terphenyl Derivative (1998)

We achieved a total synthesis of terprenin, a novel potent immunoglobulin E antibody suppressant which was obtained from the fermentation broth of Aspergillus candidus RF-5672 and has a highly oxygenated p-terphenyl skeleton with a prenyloxy side chain. The key steps relied on the Suzuki reaction to construct the terphenyl skeleton and on regioselective halogenations to selectively combine the aromatic rings. The highly efficient and practical production of this important natural product offers promise for the development of a new type of antiallergic drug.
Laparoscopic Resection of Rectal Cancer Results in Higher Lymph Node Yield and Better Short-term Outcomes Than Open Surgery (2013)

Laparoscopy for primary rectal cancer is associated with a greater number of lymph nodes as well as short-term benefits.
Corneal Cell Survival in Adenovirus Type 19 Infection Requires Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Akt Activation (2005)

Adenovirus type 19 is a major cause of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, the only ocular adenoviral infection associated with prolonged corneal inflammation. In this study, we investigated the role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt and their downstream targets in adenovirus infection, and here we report the novel finding that adenovirus type 19 utilizes the PI3K/Akt pathway to maintain corneal fibroblast viability in acute infection. We demonstrate phosphorylation of GSK-3beta and nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit of NF-kappaB, both downstream targets of the PI3K/Akt pathway, in adenovirus-infected corneal fibroblasts in a PI3K-dependent manner. Inhibition of PI3K had no effect on early viral gene expression, suggesting normal viral internalization, but pretreatment with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 or overexpression of dominant negative Akt induced early cytopathic effect and caspase-mediated cell death in adenovirus-infected cells. Early cell death could be circumvented despite LY294002 by overexpression of constitutively active Akt. Furthermore, we show an interaction between cSrc and the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K in infected cells through a phosphorylation-dependent mechanism. The results presented in this paper provide the first direct evidence that PI3K-mediated Akt activation in adenovirus-infected corneal cells may contribute to viral pathogenesis by the prolongation of cell viability.
662: Long-Term Outcome Following Radical Prostatectomy in Men with Clinical T3 Prostate Cancer (2005)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Monday, May 23, 2005, 8:00am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 2005662: Long-Term Outcome Following Radical Prostatectomy in Men with Clinical T3 Prostate Cancer Brett S. Carver, Fernando J. Bianco, Peter T. Scardino, and James A. Eastham Brett S. CarverBrett S. Carver More articles by this author , Fernando J. BiancoFernando J. Bianco More articles by this author , Peter T. ScardinoPeter T. Scardino More articles by this author , and James A. EasthamJames A. Eastham More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)34902-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "662: Long-Term Outcome Following Radical Prostatectomy in Men with Clinical T3 Prostate Cancer." The Journal of Urology, 173(4S), p. 180 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 4SApril 2005Page: 180 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Brett S. Carver More articles by this author Fernando J. Bianco More articles by this author Peter T. Scardino More articles by this author James A. Eastham More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Structural similarity to link sequence space: New potential superfamilies and implications for structural genomics (2002)

The current pace of structural biology now means that protein three-dimensional structure can be known before protein function, making methods for assigning homology via structure comparison of growing importance. Previous research has suggested that sequence similarity after structure-based alignment is one of the best discriminators of homology and often functional similarity. Here, we exploit this observation, together with a merger of protein structure and sequence databases, to predict distant homologous relationships. We use the Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database to link sequence alignments from the SMART and Pfam databases. We thus provide new alignments that could not be constructed easily in the absence of known three-dimensional structures. We then extend the method of Murzin (1993b) to assign statistical significance to sequence identities found after structural alignment and thus suggest the best link between diverse sequence families. We find that several distantly related protein sequence families can be linked with confidence, showing the approach to be a means for inferring homologous relationships and thus possible functions when proteins are of known structure but of unknown function. The analysis also finds several new potential superfamilies, where inspection of the associated alignments and superimpositions reveals conservation of unusual structural features or co-location of conserved amino acids and bound substrates. We discuss implications for Structural Genomics initiatives and for improvements to sequence comparison methods.
Measurement-Based Cache Representativeness on Multipath Programs (2018)

Autonomous vehicles in embedded real-time systems increase critical-software size and complexity whose performance needs are covered with high-performance hardware features like caches, which however hampers obtaining WCET estimates that hold valid for all program execution paths. This requires assessing that all cache layouts have been properly factored in the WCET process. For measurement-based timing analysis, the most common analysis method, we provide a solution to achieve cache representativeness and full path coverage: we create a modified program for analysis purposes where cache impact is upper-bounded across any path, and derive the minimum number of runs required to capture in the test campaign cache layouts resulting in high execution times.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of a Glycolytic Activity Gradient Linked to Mouse Embryo Mesoderm Development (2017)

How metabolism is rewired during embryonic development is still largely unknown, as it remains a major technical challenge to resolve metabolic activities or metabolite levels with spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we investigated metabolic changes during development of organogenesis-stage mouse embryos, focusing on the presomitic mesoderm (PSM). We measured glycolytic labeling kinetics from <sup>13</sup>C-glucose tracing experiments and detected elevated glycolysis in the posterior, more undifferentiated PSM. We found evidence that the spatial metabolic differences are functionally relevant during PSM development. To enable real-time quantification of a glycolytic metabolite with spatiotemporal resolution, we generated a pyruvate FRET-sensor reporter mouse line. We revealed dynamic changes in cytosolic pyruvate levels as cells transit toward a more anterior PSM state. Combined, our approach identifies a gradient of glycolytic activity across the PSM, and we provide evidence that these spatiotemporal metabolic changes are intrinsically linked to PSM development and differentiation.
Changes in dynamic embryonic heart wall motion in response to outflow tract banding measured using video densitometry (2016)

Abnormal blood flow during early cardiovascular development has been identified as a key factor in the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease; however, the mechanisms by which altered hemodynamics induce cardiac malformations are poorly understood. This study used outflow tract (OFT) banding to model increased afterload, pressure, and blood flow velocities at tubular stages of heart development and characterized the immediate changes in cardiac wall motion due to banding in chicken embryo models with light microscopy-based video densitometry. Optical videos were used to acquire two-dimensional heart image sequences over the cardiac cycle, from which intensity data were extracted along the heart centerline at several locations in the heart ventricle and OFT. While no changes were observed in the synchronous contraction of the ventricle with banding, the peristaltic-like wall motion in the OFT was significantly affected. Our data provide valuable insight into early cardiac biomechanics and its characterization using a simple light microscopy-based imaging modality.
lymphoma mutations are frequent and represent an early event in follicular EZH2 (2013)

doi:10.1182/blood-2013-04-496893Prepublished online September 19, 2013;2013 122: 3165-3168€€€€Kohlmann, Torsten Haferlach, Randy D. Gascoyne and Jude FitzgibbonOlivier Elemento, Robert Hills, John G. Gribben, Claude Chelala, Andras Matolcsy, Alexander Erlend B. Smeland, Wing C. Chan, Rita M. Braziel, Louis M. Staudt, George Wright, T. Andrew Lister,Sameena Iqbal, Hajnalka Rajnai, Andreas Rosenwald, German Ott, Elias Campo, Lisa M. Rimsza,Marzec, Shamzah Araf, Jun Wang, Abigail M. Lee, Andrew Clear, Silvia Montoto, Janet Matthews, Csaba Bodor, Vera Grossmann, Nikolay Popov, Jessica Okosun, Ciaran O'Riain, King Tan, Jacek€
Open Experimental AGV Platform for Dynamic Obstacle Avoidance in Narrow Corridors. (2020)

Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) are a promising solution to automation in the view of Industry 4.0. The amount of goods that can be automatically transported can be further increased by efficient path planning and tracking methods. The efficiency is always a trade off in terms of cost, accuracy and flexibility, but should never influence safety. This paper proposes a flexible path planning and tracking solution, aiming to be applicable to several application domains, and which is able to dynamically avoid an (unforeseen) obstacle by an overtake manoeuvre. The approach is based on Model Predictive Control (MPC), consisting of multi-domain objectives, applicable to multiple vehicle models and is fast in calculation time due to an adjusted multiple shooting approach, which guarantees constraint satisfaction over the entire time domain. Further, a dynamic maximum velocity approach is proposed, which adapts the maximum velocity constraint to the environmental circumstances, such that an emergency brake can be applied if a human would appear behind a corner or obstacle. These algorithms are implemented on an autonomous forklift. The overall system performance is measured by the time-of-arrival of an obstacle avoidance manoeuvre. To evaluate the influence of usage of a low-cost ultra wideband (UWB) localization technology, the same algorithms and platforms are used in combination with standard off-the-shelf laser based localization technology. The UWB technology does lead to a slightly larger spread in terms of time-of-arrival, but is on average very much comparable to the laser-based setup.
Biomechanical Comparison of Two Atlantoaxial Arthrodeses in a Cadaveric Spine Model: Transarticular Screw Fixation Versus Screw and Rod Fixation (2002)

The causes of atlantoaxial instability include trauma, tumor, congenital malformation, or rheumatoid arthritis. Commonly available fixation techniques to stabilize the atlantoaxial complex are several posterior wiring procedures (Brooks fusion, Gallie fusion), transarticular screw procedure (Magerl technique), either alone or in combination. Wiring procedures are obviously easier to accomplish however these do not provide sufficient immobilization across the atlantoaxial complex1,3,4. On the other hand, although transarticular screw fixation (TSF) affords a much stiffer atlantoaxial arthrodesis than posterior wiring procedures. However, TSF has some drawbacks; for example the injury of vertebral artery. Furthermore, body habitus (obesity or thoracic kyphosis) may prevent from achieving the low angle needed for correct placement of screws between C1 and C2. Recently, a new technique of screw and rod fixation (SRF) that minimizes the risk of injury to the vertebral artery and allows intraoperative reduction has been reported2,6. The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical stability imparted to the C1 and C2 vertebrae by either TSF or SRF technique in a cadaver model.