gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SAWTED: Structure Assignment With Text Description—Enhanced detection of remote homologues with automated SWISS-PROT annotation comparisons (2000)

R.MacCallum@icrf.icnet.uk
Epidemiology of High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (2000)

This review summarizes published data dealing with the prevalence of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) in a variety of prostate tissue samples. Additionally, we have attempted to document the relationship between HGPIN and the pathological parameters of prostate cancer in autopsy and radical prostatectomy specimens. Studies reporting the prevalence of HGPIN in needle biopsies, transurethral resection specimens and radical prostatectomy specimens, and those documenting the lesion in postmortem settings are compared. We also summarize studies in which the distribution and/or extent of HGPIN was correlated with prostate cancer stage, grade and volume. There is significant variation in the reported frequency of HGPIN, particularly in needle biopsy specimens, with a range of 0.8-23.9%. The factors responsible for these discrepancies include the population studied, the limited sample size that needle biopsies represent, diagnostic inconsistencies and, possibly, tissue preparation/staining variables. Because of the important implications a diagnosis of HGPIN carries, there is a pressing need to achieve greater consistency in diagnosing and reporting the lesion. Better targeted educational efforts, including teaching courses, websites with illustrations and the possibility of teleconsultations, are among possible means to attain this goal. Better documentation of the evolution of HGPIN to cancer through clinical follow-up is also recommended.
Fundamental Problems in High Altitude Aerodynamics. (1977)

Abstract : Four major lines of research have been followed. Early in the period a significant effort was expended on measuring molecular velocity distribution functions in shock waves. Very significant results were obtained leading to a quantitative comparison of various computation methods and experiment. Another research effort was in measuring the rotational transitions excited in nitrogen - rare gas collisions. A third research effort, which continues through to the present, is the study of the interactions between an underexpanded gas plume and a background gas. A fairly comprehensive understanding of the rarefaction of the interaction of exhaust plumes with their environment has resulted from this work. A fourth research direction is the continuing study of the electron beam flourescence technique. Also, the extension of the technique to measure detailed properties of high vibrational temperature, low rotational temperature flows is described in more detail in the main body of this final report.
Redundant trees for fast IP recovery (2007)

Slow convergence of IP routing in case of network component failures represents a problem for emerging time-critical network applications. It has motivated work on IP fast reroute mechanisms that use local, proactive recovery in order to immediately provide alternative routes for the affected data packets. We present a new mechanism for IP fast recovery called IP Redundant Trees (IPRT). IPRT builds two redundant trees per network destination and pre-calculates backup next hops based on them. Combined with a smart forwarding scheme, IPRT provides proactive, local and loop-free recovery in connectionless IP networks. IPRT is simple and flexible, and requires a low increase of the routing state amount. We evaluate several key performance metrics in IPRT and other actual IP fast recovery proposals and argue that IPRT indeed has very attractive properties.
Amide cuprate reagents as a new class of nitrogen nucleophiles. Application to asymmetric synthesis of .beta.-lactams. [Erratum to document cited in CA117(7):69619k] (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAmide cuprate reagents as a new class of nitrogen nucleophiles. Application to asymmetric synthesis of .beta.-lactams. [Erratum to document cited in CA117(7):69619k]Yoshinori Yamamoto, Naoki Asao, and Tadao UyeharaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 6, 2548Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00059a083RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views54Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (153 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Molecular modification of a recombinant anti-CD3ε-directed immunotoxin by inducing terminal cysteine bridging enhances anti-GVHD efficacy and reduces organ toxicity in a lethal murine model (2000)

Immunotoxin (IT) therapy shows potential for selectively eliminating GVHD-causing T cells in vivo, but the field has been hampered by toxicity. Previously, we showed that a genetically engineered IT consisting of a single-chain protein, including the anti-CD3sFv spliced to a portion of diphtheria-toxin (DT(390)) has anti-GVHD effects, but pronounced organ toxicity common to this class of agent. A recombinant DT(390) anti-CD3sFv protein previously shown to have anti-GVHD activity was modified to reduce its filtration into kidney by genetically inserting a cysteine residue downstream of the sFv moiety at the c-terminus of the protein. This modification produced an intermolecular disulfide bridge, resulting in a bivalent, rather than a monovalent IT, termed SS2, that selectively inhibited T-cell proliferation in vitro. Although monomer and SS2 were similar in in vitro activity, SS2 had a superior therapeutic index in vivo with at least 8-fold more being tolerated with reduced kidney toxicity. Most importantly, in a lethal model of GVHD, 40 microg SS2 given for 1 day, protected 100% of the mice from lethal GVHD for 3 months, whereas the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of monomer protected only 33%. To our knowledge, this is the first time disulfide bonded ITs have been created in this way and this simple molecular modification may address several problems in the IT field because it (1) markedly increased efficacy curing mice of GVHD after a single daily treatment, (2) markedly decreased organ toxicity, (3) increased the tolerated dosage, and (4) created a therapeutic window where none existed before.
Arginase II Inhibitory Activity from Crude Drugs (2011)

Arginase competitively inhibits nitric oxide synthase (NOS) via use of the common substrate Larginine. Arginase II has recently reported as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. In our experiment, the EtOH extracts of four-hundreds extracts drugs were investigated for the arginase inhibitory activity. Among them, four extracts exhibited over 50% inhibition of arginase II activity compared to control at a concentration of 150 μg/mL. In particular, the seed of Arctium lappa, gum-resin of Boswellia carterii, aerial part of Artemisia apiacea and rhizome of Cyperus rotundus inhibited arginase II activity, with IC50 values of 118.4, 135.4, 123.9 and 86.7 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, four plant extracts showed less than 20% inhibition of arginase I activity at 150 μg/mL. These plants might be the potential candidate materials in the development of the novel atherosclerosis drug.
Pilot-Scale Demonstration of Cyclodextrin as a Solubility-Enhancement Agent for Remediation of a Tetrachloroethene-Contaminated Aquifer (2003)

The limitations associated with conventional pump and treat technology have generated interest in using enhanced in-situ flushing as an alternative for remediating source zones contaminated with immiscible liquid. This research investigates the effectiveness of cyclodextrin as a solubility-enhancement agent to enhance the removal of tetrachloroethene (PCE) from a physically isolated section of an aquifer. An important component of this project was the implementation of reagent recovery and reuse. This field experiment presented the rare opportunity, under strict regulatory guidance, to inject PCE into the surficial aquifer cell created with two sets of sheet piles driven into an underlying clay unit. The well-controlled conditions specific to this experiment allowed quantification of mass balances, which is problematic for many contaminated field sites. The fact that mass balances can be obtained provides the ability to determine remediation effectiveness with unusual accuracy for a field project. The saturated zone within the test cell was flushed with a 15 wt % cyclodextrin solution. The cyclodextrin solution increased the aqueous concentration of PCE in the extraction-well effluent to as much as 22 times the concentrations obtained during the water flush conducted prior to the complexing sugar flush (CSF). The seven pore-volume CSF removed the equivalent of approximately 33 L of PCE from the subsurface. This equates to 48% of the total initial mass, based on the volume of PCE present prior to the CSF (68.6 L). Conversely, the seven pore-volume water flush conducted prior to the CSF removed the equivalent of 2.7 L of PCE. The use of cyclodextrin as a flushing agent, especially in a recycling configuration, appears to hold promise for successful remediation of chlorinated-solvent-contaminated source zones.
[Plasma proteomic pattern predicts the stages of rat liver fibrosis]. (2006)

蛋白质组模式在肿瘤性疾病的诊断方面应用已经较多,显示了良好的应用前景[1-3],但关于蛋白质组模式在肝纤维化时的改变较少有文献报道.为寻找一种新的、理想的诊断肝纤维化的方法,我们制备了不同时期肝纤维化鼠模型,用蛋白芯片技术检测鼠血浆标本,根据血浆蛋白模式建立不同时期肝纤维化判别函数,并用鼠肝纤维化模型验证该判别函数的准确性。
Figure S3 from PKCϵ Controls Mitotic Progression by Regulating Centrosome Migration and Mitotic Spindle Assembly (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S3. PKCe, p150 (Glued) and Dynein cargo-BubR1 localization upon PKCe or Dynein inhibition.&lt;/p&gt;
Mycosis fungoides with squamous cell carcinoma (1979)

Journal Article Mycosis fungoides with squamous cell carcinoma Get access HUSSAM A. AL‐RAWI, HUSSAM A. AL‐RAWI Department of Dermatology, Westminster Hospital, Horseferry Road, London SWIP 2AP Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar GORDON W. DUFF GORDON W. DUFF Department of Dermatology, Westminster Hospital, Horseferry Road, London SWIP 2AP Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, Volume 4, Issue 3, 1 September 1979, Pages 353–355, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.1979.tb02651.x Published: 01 September 1979 Article history Accepted: 11 December 1978 Published: 01 September 1979
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 6‐Iodo‐2,2′‐dipivaloyloxy‐1,1′‐binaphthyl, a Key Intermediate of High Reactivity for Selective Palladium‐Catalyzed Monofunctionalization of the 1,1′‐Binaphthalene Core. (2010)

Abstract Selective iodination of monoprotected binaphthol derivative (I) followed by protection with pivaloyl chloride affords the title compound (IV) in high yield.
Effects of high moisture on the purification of clean compressed air (2005)

A method was developed to measure hydrocarbons to 1 part-per-trillion (ppt) concentration levels with a gas chromatograph and flame ionization detector (GC/FID). This method was used to measure purifier siloxane removal efficiencies from air under dry and humid conditions. Several media types were examined: activated carbon (AC), bead-shaped activated carbon (BAC) and a proprietary inorganic material (PIM). Under dry conditions, all three materials removed the siloxane challenge to below 1ppt. The AC material had a removal efficiency of 286 ppt under humid conditions. The BAC and PIM removed the siloxane challenge to below 1 ppt under humid conditions. After media saturation was reached under humid conditions, the materials were regenerated and siloxane removal efficiencies were re-examined. Only the PIM material was regenerable to below 1ppt efficiency levels.
Ex situ endorectal MRI probe for prostate imaging (2009)

A unique ex situ MRI probe, which examines samples external to its geometry, is presented. The probe is intended to be used for imaging the prostate gland via an endorectal pathway. It has a semicylindrical shape with a length of 6 cm and typical diameter of approximately 3 cm. The probe's imaging field of view spans almost along its entire length and up to a distance of 2 cm away from its surface, with an angular sector of approximately 90 degrees . The detailed design of the probe is presented, followed by a set of representative results obtained by the current bench prototype of this system.
THE IN VIVO COMPATIBILITY, INTEGRATION AND REGENERATION OF A DECELLULARIZED PORCINE BONE SCAFFOLD IN AN OVINE MODEL (2019)

Decellularised extracellular matrix scaffolds show great promise for the regeneration of damaged musculoskeletal tissues (cartilage, ligament, meniscus), however, adequate fixation into the joint r...
Semiparametric Information State Embedding for Policy Search under Imperfect Information (2021)

We consider the problem of policy search in sequential decision making problems with imperfect information as encapsulated by a partially observed Markov Decision Process (POMDP) over possibly continuous state-spaces. In general, the optimal policy is history-dependent and the objective is non-convex in the policy parameters, making even stationary point policies challenging to ascertain. To address this problem class, we develop a constructive way to succinctly represent the history as an approximate information state, using Semiparametric Information State Embedding (SISE). SISE alternates between conditional kernel density estimation and fitting the parameters of an Echo State Network (ESN), a one-layer recurrent neural model. Based upon constructing SISE, we develop an actor-critic scheme for policy search over the approximate information states. Our main technical contributions are to (i) establish the convergence and generalization performance of SISE, and (ii) derive the convergence to stationary points of our policy search scheme. Experimentally, our fusion of SISE and actor-critic yields favorable performance in practice on the canonical POMDPs of Tiger, LightDark, and a partially observed variant of CartPole.
Game and Player Feature Selection for Entertainment Capture (2007)

The notion of constructing a metric of the degree to which a player enjoys a given game has been presented previously. In this paper, we attempt to construct such metric models of children's 'fun' when playing the Bug Smasher game on the Playware platform. First, a set of numerical features derived from a child's interaction with the Playware hardware is presented. Then the sequential forward selection and the n-best feature selection algorithms are employed together with a function approximator based on an artificial neural network to construct feature sets and function that model the child's notion of 'fun' for this game. Performance of the model is evaluated by the degree to which the preferences predicted by the model match those expressed by the children in a survey experiment. The results show that an effective model can be constructed using these techniques and that the sequential forward selection method performs better in this task than n-best. The model reveals differing preferences for game parameters between children who react fast to game events and those who react slowly. The limitations and the use of the methodology as an effective adaptive mechanism to entertainment augmentation are discussed
Aortic Valve Bypass Surgery (2008)

AVB surgery is an important therapeutic option for high-risk patients with symptomatic AS. Ventricular outflow is distributed in a predictable fashion between the conduit and the left ventricular outflow tract, and AVB surgery reliably relieves AS. Stroke and renal dysfunction were uncommon.
Cellular and molecular interactions of mesenchymal stem cells in innate immunity (2012)

In recent years, human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) have attracted major attention for their possible clinical applications. In addition to their tissue regenerative capacity, they display immune-modulatory properties for which they have been used in the treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease and autoimmune diseases. Various studies have analyzed the inhibitory effect exerted by MSC on cells belonging to acquired or to innate immunity. In this context, MSC have been shown to inhibit proliferation and function of natural killer (NK) cells and to hinder the generation of dendritic cells and macrophages, thus interfering with inflammatory processes and with the generation of type I immune responses. In addition, MSC promote the differentiation of regulatory cells and participate in the regeneration of tissues damaged as a consequence of the inflammatory process. Different molecular mechanisms are involved in the immunosuppressive effect. Further investigation on the biology of MSC and on the regulatory events involved in their functional activities can help to optimize their use in clinical practice.
Translating pH‐sensitive PROgressive saturation for QUantifying Exchange rates using Saturation Times (PRO‐QUEST) MRI to a 3T clinical scanner (2020)

We demonstrate that quantification of pH sensitive indices using PRO-QUEST is feasible at 3T within clinically acceptable acquisition times. Our initial findings in patients with MS show that pH sensitive indices varied with the type of lesion examined whereas no significant difference was found in healthy volunteers between tissue types, suggesting that it would be worthwhile to apply PRO-QUEST in a larger cohort of patients to better understand its distinct imaging features relative to conventional techniques.
K− pp bound system at J-PARC (2020)

The K¯NN bound system, symbolically denoted as “K−pp”, is the simplest K¯-nuclear bound system which has been widely discussed as a consequence of the strongly attractive K¯N interaction in I = 0 channels. Many theoretical works have pointed out the existence of the “K−pp” bound system, but the calculated properties such as the binding energy and the width spread out due to the uncertainty of the K¯N interaction below the K¯+N mass threshold. Experimentally, there are several reports on observation of a “K−pp” candidate with the binding energy of around 100 MeV, however, no definitive evidence was available so far. At J-PARC, we conducted a experimental search for the “K−pp” bound system using K− + 3He reaction at 1.0 GeV/c where the “K−pp” is expected to be directly produced via the (K−, n) reaction. We finally observed a bound state below the K− +p+p mass threshold in the Λpn final state, which can be interpreted as the “K− pp” bound state. The possible existence of the “K− pp” state is discussed from both aspects of production and decay.
Regulation of renal Na+-K+-ATPase in the rat: role of increased potassium transport (1986)

The purpose of this study was to characterize the alterations in collecting tubule Na+-K+-ATPase activity produced by sustained increments in dietary potassium in the rat and to evaluate the role of aldosterone in their generation. In adrenal-intact animals, feeding a high-potassium diet (10-fold that of control) or administration of a high physiological dose of aldosterone (5 micrograms X 100 g-1 X day-1), which simulates the delivery rate of this hormone during potassium loading (both for 7 days), caused marked increments in Na+-K+-ATPase activity in the cortical collecting tubule (CCT) but had no effect on the enzyme in the inner stripe of the medullary collecting tubule (MCT). A significant increase in enzyme activity was also observed after smaller dietary potassium increments (2.5 and 5 times the control) and after 4 (but not 2) days of dietary potassium load. In adrenalectomized rats provided with physiological replacement doses of corticosterone and aldosterone (0.8 micrograms X 100 g-1 X day-1), Na+-K+-ATPase activity in both CCT and MCT was similar to that of adrenal-intact controls but remained unchanged after 7 days on the potassium-enriched (10-fold) diet. In contrast, adrenalectomized animals receiving the high physiological dose of aldosterone displayed an increase in Na+-K+-ATPase activity of CCT comparable with that of adrenal-intact animals, whereas the enzyme activity in the MCT was unaffected. In conclusion, 1) following chronic potassium loading Na+-K+-ATPase activity increases significantly in the CCT with no change in its activity in the inner stripe of the MCT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Haptoglobin 2-2 Genotype Is Associated With Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (2015)

Hp 2-2 genotype was an independent predictor of CSW after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Because CSW is strongly associated with delayed cerebral infarction, the use of Hp genotype testing requires more investigation, and larger prospective confirmation is warranted. Additionally, a more objective definition of CSW needs to be delineated.
Optimized Power Cell Unit in IC Engine - Design for Light Weight and High Strength Piston and Connecting Rod (2006)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Rising gas prices at the fuel station, stronger emission requirements at the tail pipe have required more and more fine-tuning of the internal motor components. To support the customers in this difficult task, MAHLE has developed a Power Cell Unit (PCU).&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The newly introduced lightweight PCU with the MAHLE patented ECOFORM&lt;sup&gt;®&lt;/sup&gt; piston, an optimized pin and high strength material connecting rod offers the customer a complete system that is focused on less reciprocating masses, lower friction and better NVH.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The PCU as a unit has been developed for each and every component as well as the interaction of all these components to additionally benefit the customer with less program management, organization, logistic and reduction of development time because all parts are made in-house by MAHLE.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;An example using a conventional PCU in production versus a weight optimized version is provided for comparative purposes.&lt;/div&gt;
Supplementary Figure 6 from VEGF-C and VEGF-D Blockade Inhibits Inflammatory Skin Carcinogenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 1898K, Expression of neuropilins in skin and tumors of wild-type mice.&lt;/p&gt;
NAPA : Nearest Available Parking lot Application (2003)

With the advances in wireless communications and mobile device technologies, location-based applications or services will become an essential part of future applications. We have developed a location-based application called NAPA (Nearest Available Parking lot Application) that assists users to find the nearest parking space on campus. NAPA is an example of an application which combines a number of new features, such as location-based, wireless communication and a directory service like LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol).