gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synchronized Ratiometric Codelivery of Metformin and Topotecan through Engineered Nanocarrier Facilitates In Vivo Synergistic Precision Levels at Tumor Site (2018)

The combination of metabolic modulators with chemotherapy holds vast promise for effective inhibition of tumor progression and invasion. Herein, a ratiometric codelivery platform is developed for metformin (MET), a known metabolic modulator and topotecan (TPT), a chemotherapeutic drug, by engineering lipid bilayer-camouflaged mesoporous silica nanoparticles (LB-MSNs). In an attempt to deliver and maintain high tumor site concentrations of MET and TPT, a novel ion pairing-assisted loading procedure is developed using pamoic acid (PA) as an in situ trapping agent. PA, a hydrophobic counterion, increases the hydrophobicity of MET and TPT and facilitates MSNs with exceptionally high payload capacity (>40 and 32 wt%, respectively) and controlled release profile. Further, the synergy between MET and TPT determined by a modeling approach helps to afford synchronized delivery of both the drugs. Coloaded MET and TPT LB-MSNs present synergistic cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231/4T1 cells and effectively promote apoptosis via mitochondrial membrane depolarization and cell cycle arrest. Extended pharmacokinetic profiles in preclinical models with fourfold to sevenfold longer circulation half-life and 7.5-100 times higher tumor site concentrations correspond to a significant increase in pharmacodynamic efficacy. Taken together, the developed codelivery approach effectively addresses the challenges in the chemotherapeutic efficacy of MET and TPT collectively.
Cover Picture: Design of Bifunctional Amino Tf‐Amide Organocatalysts and Application in Various Asymmetric Transformations (Chem. Rec. 5/2022) (2022)

The cover picture shows the catalytic reaction of enamine, which is generated from condensation between an amino catalyst and carbonyl derivatives with electron acceptors, such as aldehydes, imines, and ketones. To furnish products, the substrates have to climb the precipice to meet and touch the reaction center of the enamine intermediate. Strong hydrogen bonding effect of acidic Tf-amide functionality, which is described as lift, establishes a convenient route to access to Si-face of the top selectively, thereby affording enantioenriched products with enhanced reactivity and stereoselectivity. See the Personal Account by H.-J. Lee and K. Maruoka (DOI:10.1002/tcr.202200004).
Long time oxidation at 1000ÃÂ°c of a cast ni-25cr-0.5c alloy: determination of the kinetic constants and metallographic characterization of the oxidized state for the deduction of the chromium diffusion coefficient in subsurface (2015)

The diffusion of chromium in alloys, the oxidation resistance of which depends on their chromia-forming behaviour, is of great importance. After long times of oxidation such alloys are modified in subsurface by notably the development of a carbide-free zone which may significantly influence the diffusion of chromium. Diffusion coefficients red in handbooks for bulk alloys can thus be not efficient to correctly represent diffusion in these subsurfaces. In this work a method associating thermogravimetry measurements themselves and chromium concentration profiles acquired on cross sections prepared from the corresponding oxidized samples, was used to try specifying the chromium diffusion coefficient in this special alloy environment which is the subsurface of the oxidizing alloy itself. This led to a value of almost 3× 10-11 cm2 s-1 for 1000°C in the subsurface of a Ni- 25Cr-0.5C alloy.
Identification and Functional Characterization of Neo-Poly(A) Polymerase, an RNA Processing Enzyme Overexpressed in Human Tumors (2001)

Poly(A) polymerase (PAP) plays an essential role in polyadenylation of mRNA precursors, and it has long been thought that mammalian cells contain only a single PAP gene. We describe here the unexpected existence of a human PAP, which we call neo-PAP, encoded by a previously uncharacterized gene. cDNA was isolated from a tumor-derived cDNA library encoding an 82.8-kDa protein bearing 71% overall similarity to human PAP. Strikingly, the organization of the two PAP genes is nearly identical, indicating that they arose from a common ancestor. Neo-PAP and PAP were indistinguishable in in vitro assays of both specific and nonspecific polyadenylation and also endonucleolytic cleavage. Neo-PAP produced by transfection was exclusively nuclear, as demonstrated by immunofluorescence microscopy. However, notable sequence divergence between the C-terminal domains of neo-PAP and PAP suggested that the two enzymes might be differentially regulated. While PAP is phosphorylated throughout the cell cycle and hyperphosphorylated during M phase, neo-PAP did not show evidence of phosphorylation on Western blot analysis, which was unexpected in the context of a conserved cyclin recognition motif and multiple potential cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) phosphorylation sites. Intriguingly, Northern blot analysis demonstrated that each PAP displayed distinct mRNA splice variants, and both PAP mRNAs were significantly overexpressed in human cancer cells compared to expression in normal or virally transformed cells. Neo-PAP may therefore be an important RNA processing enzyme that is regulated by a mechanism distinct from that utilized by PAP.
Fuzzy Output-Feedback Controller Design for PEMFC: Discrete-time Nonlinear Interconnected Systems with Common Inputs Approach (2011)

In this paper, the fuzzy output-feedback controller is addressed for a discrete-time nonlinear interconnected systems with common input. The nonlinear interconnected system is represented by a T-S (Takagi-Sugeno) fuzzy model. Based on T-S fuzzy interconnected system, the fuzzy output-feedback controller is designed with common input. The stability condition of the closed-loop system is represented to the LMI (Linear Matrix Inequality) form. PEMFC model is given to show the verification of the controller discussed throughout the paper.
SILICON-ON-INSULATOR-BASED OPTICAL ADD-DROP MULTIPLEXERS (2004)

Optical Add-Drop Multiplexers (OADMs) are used for independently addressing the various wavelengths in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems. Applications such as network restoration/reconfiguration, time-dependent bandwidth, and fiber to the home all require OADMs with good optical performance, small size, low cost, millisecond-range switching times, low power requirements, and good reliability over a variety of operating conditions.
Colloidally stable, magnetoresponsive liquid crystals based on clay nanosheets (2021)

Sandwich of magnetic nanoparticles makes magneto-responsive liquid crystal.
Diatoms as a Source of New Materials (2010)

Diatoms are unicellular eukaryotic algae which can be found in almost all aqueous and humid environments. Characteristic features of diatoms is that their frustules have a unique morphology (in particular, the pattern of nanostructures, such as pores, ridges, areoles and other forms), and their cell walls are made of silica (hydrated silicon dioxide). Because of this specic morphology, diatoms can be used for manufacturing bio- or chemical sensors, membranes, biotemplates, biocapsules, carriers, or even nanoreactors. For certain applications, diatoms have to be processed and sintered. The paper presents some initial results obtained in experiments on the consolidation of diatoms. In particular, attention was paid to the preservation of the nanopores that naturally exist in diatoms, since the nanopores present in bulk materials inside the sintered grains can enhance fracture toughness. The diatoms and bulk materials obtained by pressing and sintering were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM observations revealed the effects of sintering of diatoms and changes of their morphology. The diatoms were treated as a powder, i.e., they were consolidated by die pressing and then sintered. After the process of consolidation, most of the pores naturally existing in diatoms were closed. The results suggest that because of their highly diversied shapes the diatoms cannot be unif ormly consolidated by die pressing. The highest relative density achieved was 83 %.
Damping of cylindrical propagating capillary waves on monolayer-covered surfaces (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDamping of cylindrical propagating capillary waves on monolayer-covered surfacesQiang Jiang, Yee C. Chiew, and Jose E. ValentiniCite this: Langmuir 1992, 8, 11, 2747–2752Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00047a027https://doi.org/10.1021/la00047a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views117Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
IQ-Imbalance Compensation for Wideband OFDM-Radar (2020)

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing is a promising modulation format for future automotive radar sensors. Although it benefits from a simple homodyne transceiver design, it requires quadrature signal generation and evaluation, which suffers from IQ-imbalance at transmitter and receiver. This paper describes the effects of IQ-imbalance on OFDM radars in general and demonstrates how digital signal processing techniques can be adopted to mitigate this impairment based on adaptive filtering. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated with simulations.
ABO incompatibility in mismatched unrelated donor allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia: A report from the acute leukemia working party of the EBMT (2017)

ABO incompatibility is commonly observed in stem cell transplantation and its impact in this setting has been extensively investigated. HLA-mismatched unrelated donors (MMURD) are often used as an alternative stem cell source but are associated with increased transplant related complications. Whether ABO incompatibility affects outcome in MMURD transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients is unknown. We evaluated 1,013 AML patients who underwent MMURD transplantation between 2005 and 2014. Engraftment rates were comparable between ABO matched and mismatched patients, as were relapse incidence [34%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 28-39; for ABO matched vs. 36%; 95% CI, 32-40; for ABO mismatched; P = .32], and nonrelapse mortality (28%; 95% CI, 23-33; for ABO matched vs. 25%; 95% CI, 21-29; for ABO mismatched; P = .2). Three year survival was 40% for ABO matched and 43% for ABO mismatched patients (P = .35), Leukemia free survival rates were also comparable between groups (37%; 95% CI, 32-43; for ABO matched vs. 38%; 95% CI, 33-42; for ABO mismatched; P = .87). Incidence of grade II-IV acute graft versus host disease was marginally lower in patients with major ABO mismatching (Hazard ratio of 0.7, 95% CI, 0.5-1; P = .049]. ABO incompatibility probably has no significant clinical implications in MMURD transplantation.
<i>T</i>-matrix approach to study the vibration frequencies of elastic bodies in fluids (1983)

The T matrix or null field method is used as a computational scheme for analyzing the scattering frequencies of a homogeneous elastic body in a fluid. These frequencies have a unique distribution, in the complex plane, for each body. We solve a scalar transcendental equation to find the scattering frequencies for a sphere. These frequencies are used as starting points in a matrix approach to find the scattering frequencies for a prolate spheriod. Lists and figures of the most important scattering frequencies for a sphere and a prolate spheroid are given.
Development of a Wet Silicon Removal Process for Replacement Metal Gate and Sacrificial Fin (2011)

Tetra Methyl Ammonium Hydroxide (TMAH) was investigated for the selective removal of polysilicon in replacement metal gate (RMG) gate-last integration flow. In such application no polysilicon residues are tolerated. Therefore the TMAH process was developed using the best possible conditions by fine tuning the temperature (70ºC), concentration (5%) and process at tool level. A thorough study was conducted in order to understand the possible causes of polysilicon residues such as implantation condition (boron) and influence of the dielectric layer (SiON, SiO2, TiN) on the crystal orientation of the polysilicon. The resulting TMAH process was successfully transferred to other dummy silicon approach on TiN such as sacrificial fin. In the latter case the amorphous silicon removal was proven to be more selective towards TiN than a dry approach.
Advances in Coronary Physiology (2015)

Pressure-wire technology, most typically fractional flow reserve (FFR), has provided interventional cardiologists with a means of determining the physiological importance of a stenosis during angiography. There has been renewed interest in coronary physiology in the light of guideline recognition, ongoing clinical research and new technologies changing the paradigm of how assessment is performed in the catheter laboratory. We reflect on FFR, with regards the potential effects of changing hemodynamics on FFR and the latest evidence with regards to outcomes. We also review the instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR), a new pressure-only index, measured at rest, that is under active evaluation in several international randomized controlled trials. We review the accumulated evidence and discuss the important physiological concepts between pressure and flow that underlie the approach to using resting indices. Finally we investigate future developments, including physiological mapping with iFR-Pullback and the potential to predict the hemodynamic effect of stenting.
In situ Monitoring of Anodic Oxidation of Aluminum Using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance : Estimation of the Water Content from an Isotopic Effect (1997)

Anodic oxidation ofaluminum was studied by use of a quartz crystal microbalance(QCM)in an attempt to estimate the content of incorporated water molules in growing oxide films15 QCM analysis both in aqueous(H20)and deuterium oxide(D20)solutions indicated that the M(mass chImge responsible for the passage of an equivalent of charge)obtained in tetramethylammonium hydrogen phthalate aqueous solution was different from that obtainrd in deuterium oxide solution while the Mq obtained in ammonium adipate solutions did not show any differenceFrom the diference in the Mvaluesthe number of incorpomted water molules(pef l mole of Al203)was estimated to be O and13in ammonium adlpate and teramethylammonium hydrogen phthalate solutiQnsresptivelyThe numbels are in good agreement with that obtained by STEMEDX analysisIt is demonstrated that the QCM method can be a powerful tool for measuring water content the growing oxidelm under completely3and e conditions
Steady and Transient Flow Analysis of a Magnetically Levitated Pediatric VAD: Time Varying Boundary Conditions (2013)

A magnetically levitated impeller within a pediatric ventricular assist device operates under highly transient flow conditions. In this study, computational analyses were performed to investigate the hydraulic performance and fluid forces on the impeller under the steady and dynamic flow conditions, including: 1) time-varying boundary conditions (TVBC) considering a pulsed pump flow rate and pulsed left ventricular pressure; 2) transient rotational sliding interfaces (TRSI) to capture virtual blade rotation. Under steady flow conditions, the pressure generation for 0.5-6 l/min over 6000-10000 rpm was 20-140 mmHg; experimental validation agreed to within 6-27%. Under transient flow conditions, the outflow pressure of the pump increased with higher inlet pressure during the TVBC simulation. During TVBC, the pressure rise across the pump decreased as a function of higher flow rates and increased as a function of lower flow rates. The radial fluid forces varied directly with the flow rate by demonstrating larger forces at higher flow rates. For TRSI simulations, pressure fluctuations due the blade passage frequency were found to have 12 peaks per revolution, having magnitude ranges of 0.7 and 1.0 mmHg for 8 000 and 10 000 rpm, respectively. At 8 000 rpm, the fluid forces ranged from 1.15-1.17 N (axial) and 0.02-0.11 N (radial). Transient simulations model implant scenarios more realistically and provide critical information about the fluid conditions in the pump.
Optimizing GPU Register Usage: Extensions to OpenACC and Compiler Optimizations (2016)

Using compiler directives to program accelerator-based systems through APIs such as OpenACC or OpenMP has increasingly gained popularity due to the portability and productivity advantages it offers. However, when comparing the performance typically achieved to what lower-level programming interfaces such as CUDA or OpenCL provides, directive-based approaches may entail a significant performance penalty. Tosupport massively parallel computations, accelerators such as GPGPUs offer an expansive set of registers, larger than even the L1 cache, to hold the temporary state of each thread. Scalar variables are the mostly likely candidates to be assigned to these registers by the compiler. Hence, scalar replacement is a key enabling optimization for effectively improving the utilization of register files on accelerator devices and thereby substantially reducing the cost of memory operations. However, the aggressive application of scalar replacement may require a large number of registers, limiting the application of this technique unless mitigating approaches such as those described in this paper are taken. In this paper, we propose solutions to optimize the register usage within offloaded computations using OpenACC directives. We first present a compiler optimization called SAFARA thatextends the classical scalar replacement algorithm to improve register file utilization on GPUs. Moreover, we extend the OpenACC interface by providing new clauses, namely dim and small, that will reduce the number of scalars to replace. SAFARA prioritizes the most beneficial data for allocation in registers based on frequency of use and also memory access latency. It also uses a static feedback strategy to retrieve low-level register information in order to guide the compiler in carrying out the scalar replacement transformation. Then, the new clauses we propose will extremely reduce the number of scalars, eliminating the need for more registers. We evaluate SAFARA and the new clauses using SPEC and NAS OpenACC benchmarks, our results suggest that these approaches will be effective for improving overall performance of code executing on GPUs. We got up to 2.5 speedup running NAS and 2.08 speedup while running SPEC benchmarks.
Do Skills Acquired from Training with a Wire Navigation Simulator Transfer to a Mock Operating Room Environment? (2019)

Level II, therapeutic study.
Phasing coherently illuminated nanocrystals bounded by partial unit cells (2014)

With the use of highly coherent femtosecond X-ray pulses from a free-electron laser, it is possible to record protein nanocrystal diffraction patterns with far more information than is present in conventional crystallographic diffraction data. It has been suggested that diffraction phases may be retrieved from such data via iterative algorithms, without the use of a priori information and without restrictions on resolution. Here, we investigate the extension of this approach to nanocrystals with edge terminations that produce partial unit cells, and hence cannot be described by a common repeating unit cell. In this situation, the phase problem described in previous work must be reformulated. We demonstrate an approximate solution to this phase problem for crystals with random edge terminations.
Field Evaluation of a Rapid Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Serial Serologic Testing Algorithm for Diagnosis and Differentiation of HIV Type 1 (HIV-1), HIV-2, and Dual HIV-1-HIV-2 Infections in West African Pregnant Women (2004)

We evaluated a two-rapid-test serial algorithm using the Determine and Genie II rapid assays, performed on-site in four peripheral laboratories during the French Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA (ANRS) 1201/1202 Ditrame Plus cohort developed for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Côte d'Ivoire. A total of 1,039 specimens were retested by two commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). The following specimens were tested: 315 specimens found on-site to be infected with HIV type 1 (HIV-1), 8 specimens found on-site to be infected with HIV-2, 71 specimens found on-site to be infected with both HIV-1 and HIV-2, 40 specimens found on-site to have indeterminate results for HIV infection, and 605 specimens taken during a quality assurance program. For HIV discrimination, 99 positive serum samples (20 with HIV-1, 8 with HIV-2, and 71 with HIV-1 and HIV-2 on the basis of our rapid test algorithm) were retested by the Peptilav test, Western blot (WB) assays, and homemade monospecific ELISAs. Real-time DNA PCRs for the detection of HIV-1 and HIV-2 were performed with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 35 women diagnosed on-site with HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections. Compared to the results of the ELISAs, the sensitivities of the Determine and Genie II assays were 100% (95% lower limit [95% LL], 99.1%) and 99.5% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 98.2 to 99.9%), respectively. The specificities were 98.4% (95% CI, 96.9 to 99.3%) and 100% (95% LL, 99.3%), respectively. All serological assays gave concordant results for infections with single types. By contrast, for samples found to be infected with dual HIV types by the Genie II assay, dual reactivity was detected for only 37 samples (52.1%) by WB assays, 34 samples (47.9%) by the Peptilav assay, and 23 samples (32.4%) by the monospecific ELISAs. For specimens with dual reactivity by the Genie II assay, the rates of concordance between the real-time PCR assays and the serological assays were 25.7% for the Genie II assay, 82.9% for the Peptilav assay, 74.3% for WB assays, and 80% for the homemade ELISAs. Our algorithm provided high degrees of sensitivity and specificity comparable to those of ELISAs. Even if they are rare, women identified by the Genie II assay as being infected with HIV-1 and HIV-2 mostly appeared to be infected only with HIV-2.
Experimental demonstration of split side-gated resonant interband tunneling devices (2004)

We report a prototype side-gated asymmetric resonant interband tunneling device (RITD) fabricated with an AlSb∕InAs∕GaSb∕AlSb heterostructure for Rashba spin filter applications. This device features independent control gates along the sides of an RITD mesa structure that can be used to provide an electric field orthogonal to the resonant tunneling current. The distribution of lateral wave vectors for electrons approaching the RITD active layers obtains a nonzero average through the application of the orthogonal electric field, a requirement for Rashba spin filter operation. Measured current–voltage curves show a modulation of the tunneling current with a side gate bias, demonstrating lateral electric-field projection into the resonant tunneling mesa structure. The prototype device was fabricated to submicron dimensions utilizing a conformal and scalable processing scheme.