gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mapping the Human Erythrocyte β-Spectrin Dimer Initiation Site Using Recombinant Peptides and Correlation of Its Phasing with the α-Actinin Dimer Site (1996)

Human erythroid spectrin dimer assembly is initiated by the association of a specific region near the N-terminal of beta-spectrin with a complementary region near the C-terminal of alpha-spectrin (Speicher, D. W., Weglarz, L., and DeSilva, T. M. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 14775-14782). Both spectrin subunits consist primarily of tandem, 106-residue long, homologous, triple-helical motifs. In this study, the minimal region of beta-spectrin required for association with alpha-spectrin was determined using recombinant peptides. The start site (phasing) for construction of dimerization competent beta-spectrin peptides was particularly critical. The beginning of the first homologous motif for both beta-spectrin and the related dimerization site of alpha-actinin is approximately 8 residues earlier than most spectrin motifs. A four-motif beta-spectrin peptide (beta1-4+) with this earlier starting point bound to full-length alpha-spectrin with a Kd of about 10 nM, while deletion of these first 8 residues reduced binding nearly 10-fold. N- and C-terminal truncations of one or more motifs from beta1-4+ showed that the first motif was essential for dimerization since its deletion abolished binding, but beta1+ alone could not associate with alpha-monomers. The first two motifs (beta1 2+) represented the minimum lateral dimer assembly site with a Kd of about 230 nM for interaction with full-length alpha-spectrin or an alpha-spectrin nucleation site recombinant peptide, alpha18-21. Each additional motif increased the dimerization affinity by approximately 5-fold. In addition to this strong inter-subunit dimer association, interactions between the helices of a single triple-helical motif are frequently strong enough to maintain a noncovalent complex after internal protease cleavage similar to the interactions thought to be involved in tetramer formation. Analysis of hydrodynamic radii of recombinant peptides containing differing numbers of motifs showed that a single motif had a Stokes radius of 2.35 nM, while each additional motif added only 0.85 nM to the Stokes radius. This is the first direct demonstration that spectrin's flexibility arises from regions between each triple helical motif rather than from within the segment itself and suggests that current models of inter-motif connections may need to be revised.
Attività del sistema dopaminergico mesocorticale durante il comportamento sessuale: ruolo dell’esperienza e delle differenze individuali (2016)

Attività del sistema dopaminergico mesocorticale durante il comportamento sessuale: ruolo dell’esperienza e delle differenze individuali. Il sistema dopaminergico (DA) mesocorticolimbico, costituito da neuroni che dall’area ventrale del tegmento (VTA) proiettano al nucleo accumbens (NAcc) ed alla corteccia prefrontale (PFC), gioca un ruolo chiave nei comportamenti motivati (assunzione di cibo, attività sessuale, abuso di sostanze). &#13;\nQuesto studio indaga l’attività del sistema DA mesocorticale durante il comportamento sessuale e le possibili differenze dovute all’esperienza ed alle caratteristiche individuali nelle linee di ratti Roman (RHA e RLA): i primi sono impulsivi e proni all’abuso di sostanze, mentre i secondi sono iper-emotivi e proni a sviluppare sintomi depressivi. &#13;\nMetodi. Sono stati misurati i livelli di DA nel dializzato ottenuto con la microdialisi intracerebrale dalla mPFC di ratti RHA e RLA naïve (mai esposti prima a stimoli sessuali) o esperienti, esposti ad una femmina recettiva inaccessibile e/o durante la copula, insieme a diversi indici motivazionali e di performance sessuale. I risultati sono stati analizzati con ANOVA per disegni misti seguita da test post hoc (P &lt; 0.05).&#13;\nRisultati. L’esposizione alla femmina inaccessibile ed ancora di più l’accoppiamento causano un aumento della liberazione di DA nella mPFC. Quest’aumento è maggiore nei ratti esperienti rispetto ai naïve di entrambe le linee, sia nella fase appetitiva che durante la copula. Inoltre l’aumento che si osserva nei ratti RHA è maggiore di quello dei ratti RLA. Tali differenze sono in linea con quelle osservate negli indici comportamentali dei ratti RHA e RLA. &#13;\nConclusioni. Questo studio è il primo a mostrare che durante l’attività sessuale c’è un aumento della liberazione di DA nella mPFC, come nel NAcc. L’entità dell’aumento dipende sia dal livello di esperienza sessuale che dalle caratteristiche individuali degli animali. Altri studi sono necessari per chiarire l’esatto ruolo del sistema DA mesocorticale nei diversi aspetti del comportamento sessuale e nelle differenze esistenti tra i ratti RHA e RLA.
ChemInform Abstract: Functionalization Reactions of a Medium‐Ring Bridgehead Enone that Skirt Transannular Bond Formation. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Correlation of blown film optical properties with resin properties (1986)

Abstract The optical properties of conventional, free‐radical polymerized low density polyethylene (LDPE) blown films are due essentially to surface irregularities that develop during fabrication. Past studies have shown that the extent to which these irregularities occur (and therefore optical properties) correlates well with the melt elasticity of the resin. Specifically, it has been shown that resins with higher melt elasticity result in films with poorer optical properties. However, it was recently reported that the optical properties of film blown from a Sci of three generically similar LDPE resins were found to correlate with the crystallization kinetics of the resins. Specifically, it was reported that the resins that exhibited faster crystallization rates produced films with better optical properties. This present work shows, however, that this apparent correlation is only coincidental. It has been shown that resins exhibiting faster crystallization rates do not necessarily result in films with better optical properties. On the other hand, it has been shown that resins with higher melt elasticity consistently result in films with poorer optical properties.
CRASH TESTS OF DUAL PURPOSE BARRIERS (1987)

The scope of this experimental research, carried out firstly on simulation models and then through full scale tests, is to identify new types of barriers capable of containing and redirecting not only cars but also very heavy vehicles, especially in situations where it can be regarded as mandatory for the vehicle to be retained on the carriageway (bridges, viaducts, central reserves etc). The results of 17 crash tests carried out in 1987, with 20 ton lorries and lighter vehicles against concrete barriers of different types as well as the equipment used in the test program, are described in the article.
Supplementary Tables S3 from Transcriptomic Profiling of Sequential Tumors from Breast Cancer Patients Provides a Global View of Metastatic Expression Changes Following Endocrine Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S3: List of 21 genes which are upregulated in the metastatic liver relative to both matched primary and matched node in all three patients (where available)&lt;/p&gt;
Permethylation Linkage Analysis Techniques for Residual Carbohydrates (2007)

Permethylation analysis is the classic approach to establishing the position of glycosidic linkages between sugar residues. Typically, the carbohydrate is derivatized to form acid-stable methyl ethers, hydrolyzed, peracetylated, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The position of glycosidic linkages in the starting carbohydrate are apparent from the mass spectra as determined by the location of acetyl residues. The completeness of permethylation is dependent upon the choice of base catalyst and is readily confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry mass spectrometry. For the permethylation of β-cyclodextrin, Hakomori dimsyl base is shown to be superior to the NaOH-dimethyl sulfoxide system, and the use of the latter resulted in selective under-methylation of the 3-hydroxy groups. These techniques are highly applicable to residual carbohydrates from biofuel processes.
The T‐tubule membrane ATP‐operated P2X <sub>4</sub> receptor influences contractility of skeletal muscle (2005)

Evidence indicates that extracellular ATP may have relevant functions in skeletal muscle, even though the physiological role and distribution of specific signaling pathway elements are not well known. The present work shows that P2X4 receptor, an extracellular ATP-regulated cell membrane channel permeable to Ca2+, is expressed in several tissues of the rat, including skeletal muscle. A specific antibody detected a protein band of approximately 60 kDa. Immunofluorescence demonstrated that P2X4 has an intracellular localization, and confocal analysis revealed that the receptor colocalizes with the T-tubule membrane DHP receptor. Considering that the natural agonist of P2X4 is ATP, we explored if changes of extracellular ATP levels could occur in contracting skeletal muscle to regulate the channel. In vitro experiments showed that substantial ATP is released and rapidly hydrolyzed after electrical stimulation of rat muscle fibers. Results show that the presence of ATP-degrading enzymes (hexokinase/apyrase), inhibitors of P2X receptors or Ca2+-free conditions, all abolished the progressive twitch tension potentiation produced in soleus muscle by low-frequency (0.05 Hz) stimulation. These data reveal that ATP-mediated Ca2+ entry, most likely through P2X4 receptor, may play an important role in modulating the contractility of skeletal muscle.
HIGH PRESSURE RINSING SYSTEM STUDIES (2007)

High pressure rinsing (HPR) is a key process for the surface preparation of high field superconducting cavities. HPR water jets used in different laboratories have been characterized measuring the transferred momentum between the water jet and a target connected to a load cell. The information taken during these measurements, combined with HPR process parameters, allow calculating new significant measurable variables such as the jet power, the deposited energy on the cavity surfaces and the pressure.
Preparation of uranium compounds (2023)

UI.sub.3(1,4-dioxane).sub.1.5 and UI.sub.4(1,4-dioxane).sub.2, were synthesized in high yield by reacting turnings of elemental uranium with iodine dissolved in 1,4-dioxane under mild conditions. These molecular compounds of uranium are thermally stable and excellent precursor materials for synthesizing other molecular compounds of uranium including alkoxide, amide, organometallic, and halide compounds.
Supplementary Table 3 from Endogenous Retrovirus Transcript Levels Are Associated with Immunogenic Signatures in Multiple Metastatic Cancer Types (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Table S3 lists gene sets significantly enriched among genes up-regulated in VMP samples.&lt;/p&gt;
Kinetic Dependence Graphs (2015)

Task graphs or dependence graphs are used in runtime systems to schedule tasks for parallel execution. In problem domains such as dense linear algebra and signal processing, dependence graphs can be generated from a program by static analysis. However, in emerging problem domains such as graph analytics, the set of tasks and dependences between tasks in a program are complex functions of runtime values and cannot be determined statically. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for exploiting parallelism in such programs. This approach is based on a data structure called the kinetic dependence graph (KDG), which consists of a dependence graph together with update rules that incrementally update the graph to reflect changes in the dependence structure whenever a task is completed. We have implemented a simple programming model that allows programmers to write these applications at a high level of abstraction, and a runtime within the Galois system [15] that builds the KDG automatically and executes the program in parallel. On a suite of programs that are difficult to parallelize otherwise, we have obtained speedups of up to 33 on 40 cores, out-performing third-party implementations in many cases.
Early B-cell Factor-1 (EBF1) Is a Key Regulator of Metabolic and Inflammatory Signaling Pathways in Mature Adipocytes (2013)

EBF1 plays a crucial role in early adipogenesis; however, despite high expression in mature adipocytes, its function in these cells is currently unknown. To identify direct and indirect EBF1 targets in fat, we undertook a combination of transcriptional profiling of EBF1-deficient adipocytes and genome-wide EBF1 location analysis. Our results indicate that many components of metabolic and inflammatory pathways are positively and directly regulated by EBF1, including PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and STAT1 signaling. Accordingly, we observed significant reduction of multiple signaling events in EBF1 knockdown cells as well as a reduction in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and lipogenesis. Inflammatory signaling, gene expression, and secretion of inflammatory cytokines were also significantly affected by loss of EBF1 in adipocytes, although ChIP-sequencing results suggest that these actions are indirect. We also found that EBF1 occupies some 35,000 sites in adipocytes, most of which occur in enhancers. Significantly, comparison with three other published EBF1 ChIP-sequencing data sets in B-cells reveals both gene- and cell type-specific patterns of EBF1 binding. These results advance our understanding of the transcriptional mechanisms regulating signaling pathways in mature fat cells and indicate that EBF1 functions as a key integrator of signal transduction, inflammation, and metabolism.
Silica-based 16 /spl times/ 16 optical matrix switch module with integrated driving circuits (2001)

We fabricated a 16 /spl times/ 16 optical matrix switch module in which a silica-based thermooptic switch chip and driving circuits were integrated. Our use of serial interfaces allowed us to realize a practicable module with a simple structure.
2P2-E16 Omnidirectional Wheelchair with 4WD Drive System : Step Climb Capability of 4WD Drive System (2006)

In this paper, step climbing capabilities of wheeled mobile robots are studied in theory and experiments. To estimate and verify the enhanced mobility of a 4WD system, statics of a wheel-and-step system is analyzed and surmountable capabilities are tested in experiments not only for 4WD but also for a conventional rear-drive configuration. For the experiments, a 4-wheeled small vehicle is designed and built which equips four normal wheels two or all of that are driven by two electric motors. In the experiments, the small vehicle with 4WD drive configuration overcomes a step more than three times of the conventional RD configuration in the step height.
Transmission of Single-Channel 16-QAM Data Signals at Terabaud Symbol Rates (2011)

We present latest results for OTDM transmission systems in combination with digital coherent detection achieving record-high serial data rates in a single-wavelength channel. We show serial data transmission of 5.1 Tb/s (640 GBd) over 80-km and 10.2 Tb/s (1.28 TBd) over 29-km dispersion managed fiber (DMF). For 5.1-Tb/s transmission over 80-km DMF, the BER of all 128 OTDM-tributaries (both polarizations) is found to be below the hard-decision FEC-threshold, corresponding to an error-free net data rate of 4.8 Tb/s. In a 10.2-Tb/s experiment, the BER of all 256 TDM-tributaries (both polarizations) is found to be below the FEC-threshold in the back-to-back configuration. This translates to an error-free net data rate of 9.5 Tb/s. After transmission over a 29-km DMF negligible pulse broadening and a BER below the FEC limit is found.
A Low Crosstalk 4x4 Ti:LiNbO3 Optical Switch with Permanently Attached Polarization-Maintaining Fiber Arrays (1986)

We describe a single polarization, non-blocking 4x4 Ti:LiNbO 3 optical switch array with very low single switch crosstalk (≤ - 35dB). The inputs to one of the several devices made have been permanently attached to four laser transmitters using polarization maintaining fiber. For this purpose, an array of four fibers was assembled using specially designed silicon grooves and externally keyed polarization maintaining fiber 1 . The polarization maintaining fiber was lensed and aligned to the laser in a standard package.
A prospective trial of midwest breast cancer patients: Ap53 gene mutation is the most important predictor of adverse outcome (2000)

Several retrospective studies have suggested p53 gene mutation as an adverse prognostic indicator in breast cancer patients, based on a selective growth advantage of p53 mutant cancer cells and their presumed resistance to current adjuvant therapy regimens. A cohort of 90 Caucasian midwestern breast cancer patients was analyzed prospectively (60 months of follow-up) with a rigorous mutation detection methodology. The presence of a p53 gene mutation was the single most adverse prognostic indicator for recurrence (p = 0.0032) and death (p = 0.0001), and was associated with poor response to both adjuvant (p = 0.0001) and palliative (p = 0.006) therapy. Analysis of the p53 gene with appropriate mutation detection methodology markedly improves the prediction of early recurrence, treatment failure, and death in breast cancer patients.
Imaging time-lapse seismic data using the reciprocity principle (1996)

Starting with the acoustic reciprocity theorem a volume integral and a boundary integral representation are derived that relate two time-lapse seismic datasets to temporal changes in the subsurface. On the basis of these exact relations different processing schemes are performed on finite difference data to assess the sensitivity of the time-lapse seismic method. Because the resulting formalism involves actual physical wavefields, more accurate amplitudes are obtainable then with convential, single scattering, schemes that work with computational reference wavefields.
Metamaterials as artificial electromagnetic boundaries in experi- mental geometries (2011)

We present a summary of work being undertaken at Exeter associated with the use of metamaterials as artificial boundary conditions. Using experimental microwave techniques, and numerical and analytical modelling, we explore geometries including those that facilitate sub-wavelength confinement of surface waves and propagation in waveguides beyond their conventional frequency range.
A Hall-Sensor-Based Localization Method With Six Degrees of Freedom Using Unscented Kalman Filter (2019)

Magnetic sensors are widely used in automotive and industrial applications to measure linear or angular movements. Although the measurement of the magnetic field vector offers the opportunity to estimate all mechanical degrees of freedom, previous approaches could not be applied in these environments. This paper presents an improved method for sensing a magnetic source's position and orientation with six degrees of freedom. To solve the underlying inverse magnetostatic problem, an Unscented Kalman Filter in combination with an analytical model of the magnetic source's field is used. The performance of the method is demonstrated on the basis of a novel multi-axis input device. It comprises a cuboid magnet and a CMOS (Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) Hall-Sensor array with up to 36 elements. The localization algorithm and the measurement model are implemented in an efficient way to achieve real-time capability and sampling rates up to 80Hz on embedded hardware. This outperforms known methods significantly and allows for a wide application of multi-degree of freedom sensors. Moreover, an absolute position and orientation accuracy of 71 μm and 1.4° are achieved. The work describes the basis for advanced input devices but can also be transferred to other kinds of magnetic localization problems.
Impact of Imperfect Channel Estimation on OFDM/TDM Performance (2005)

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) combined with time division multiplexing (TDM), called OFDM/TDM, can bridge the conventional OFDM and single-carrier (SC) transmission by using frequency-domain equalization (FDE). Accurate channel estimation is required for FDE. A well-known channel estimation scheme is pilot-based channel estimation that uses periodically transmitted pilot signals. If a channel estimation error is present, intersymbol interference (ISI) is produced in OFDM/TDM. We apply a Gaussian approximation to the channel estimation error and theoretically investigate the impact of imperfect channel estimation on the average bit error rate (BER) performance of OFDM/TDM. It is shown by numerical evaluation that the channel estimation error degrades the BER performance more when OFDM/TDM approaches SC.
Synthesis of 0.65 <scp> <scp>Pb</scp> </scp> ( <scp> <scp>Mg</scp> </scp> <sub>1/3</sub> Nb <sub>2/3</sub> ) <scp> <scp>O</scp> </scp> <sub>3</sub> –0.35 <scp> <scp>PbTiO</scp> </scp> <sub>3</sub> by Controlled Agglomeration of Precursor Particles (2012)

0.65 Pb ( Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 ) O 3 –0.35 PbTiO 3 powder was prepared by a single‐step, solid‐state synthesis at 850°C. This was enabled by the controlled agglomeration of precursor particles by the change of pH in water suspensions. With the design of the contacts between the particles in the agglomerates, a phase‐pure perovskite powder was synthesized from a suspension with a pH = 12.5. At the inherent pH = 11.4, the agglomerates that promote the pyrochlore formation were formed, resulting in a mixture of perovskite and pyrochlore phases after the calcination. The ceramics prepared from the suspension with pH = 12.5 were sintered to 96% of theoretical density at only 950°C, and exhibited electrical properties comparable to ceramics prepared by the columbite method, sintered at much higher temperatures. In contrast, the properties of the ceramics from the pH = 11.4 suspension were heavily deteriorated due to the presence of the pyrochlore phase and the high degree of porosity.
Rapid analysis of titer, aggregate, and intact mass of antibody therapeutics using automated multi‐dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with native mass spectroscopy (2023)

Monoclonal antibodies are tetrameric complex proteins, primarily produced using mammalian cell culture. Attributes such as titer, aggregates, and intact mass analysis are monitored during process development/optimization. In the present study, a novel workflow such that the Protein-A affinity chromatography is performed in the first dimension for purification and titer estimation, whereas size exclusion chromatography is employed in the second dimension to characterize size variants using native mass spectrometry. The present workflow offers a significant advantage over the traditionally used standalone Protein-A affinity chromatography followed by size exclusion chromatography analysis in that it can monitor these four attributes in 8 min while requiring a minimal sample size (10-15 μg) and not requiring any manual peak collection. In contrast, the traditional standalone approach requires manual collection of eluted peaks in Protein-A affinity chromatography followed by buffer exchange to a mass-compatible buffer, which can take up to 2-3 h with considerable risk of sample loss, degradation, and induced modifications. As the biopharma industry moves to make analytical testing efficient, we believe that the approach proposed here would be of significant interest due to its ability to monitor multiple process and product quality attributes in a single workflow and via rapid analysis.
Table S5 from Antitumor Properties of RAF709, a Highly Selective and Potent Inhibitor of RAF Kinase Dimers, in Tumors Driven by Mutant RAS or BRAF (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Antiproliferative effect of RAF709 compared to dabrafenib, trametinib, RAF265 and sorafenib across a tumor cell panel&lt;/p&gt;