gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activation of Epstein-Barr Virus in Hybrid Cells (1977)

Human-primate hybrid cell lines were established by fusion of African green monkey kidney cells (VERO) with lymphoblastoid cells from patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM)(IMK101) and from Burkitt's lymphoma culture (HR1K). Both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific antigens and EBV particle-containing cells increased in the hybrid lines (IMK1-1/VERO,HR1K/VERO). Treatment of the hybrids with 5-bromodeoxyuridine induced more antigen-positive and more virus-containing cells. EBV could be activated from IM lymphoblastoid cells by fusion of the lymphoblastoid cells with the VERO cells. The increase of viral antigens and virus particles may have been due to the cellular interaction between VERO cells and the lymphoblastoid cells or to a possible derepressor supplied by the VERO component of the hybrid. Virus derived from the HR1K cell line was replicated in the human-primate hybrid, but further investigation may be necessary to determine if it was identical to the EBV derived from the human cell line.
Extension of joint diagonalization for moving targets (2009)

Joint diagonalization algorithm is extended for a time-varying mixing matrix. A new method termed ¿differential joint diagonalization (DJD)¿ is introduced to calculate the time-difference of the demixing matrix from the time-difference of the time-delayed correlations and applied to BSS algorithm based on joint diagonalization of time-delayed correlations. An alternate algorithm of differential joint diagonalization (DJD) and joint diagonalization (JD) for tracking a time-varying mixing matrix is proposed.
Experimentelle Untersuchung des Aktivitätskoeffizienten bei unendlicher Verdünnung in ausgewählten Lösungsmitteln und Lösungsmittelgemischen als Grundlage für die Synthese thermischer Trennprozesse (2003)

Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Untersuchung der Aktivitätskoeffizienten bei unendlicher Verdünnung im Hinblick auf die Erhöhung der Selektivität bei technisch realisierten Trennprozessen. Dabei wird eine systematische Untersuchung verschiedener Lösungsmittel mit unterschiedlich flüchtigen Komponenten sowohl mit der Gas-Flüssig-Chromatographie als auch mit der Dilutor-Technik durchgeführt. Bei den Messungen mittels der eingesetzten Methoden konzentriert sich die Untersuchung auf Lösungsmittel, für die bisher keine oder nur wenig Daten vorliegen. Daneben wird im zweiten Teil der Arbeit ein Programm für die Auswahl von Absorptionsmitteln vorgestellt, das in ein bereits bestehendes Programmpaket integriert wurde. Mit diesem Programm ist die computergestützte Suche nach potenziellen Absorptionsmitteln mit Hilfe von Faktendatenbanken (DDB) bzw. unter Verwendung der PSRK-Gruppenbeitragszustandsgleichung möglich.
Peptidic <i>p</i>‐nitroanilide substrates of interleukin‐1β‐converting enzyme (1994)

Peptidic p-nitroanilides are useful colorimetric substrates for enzymes. With the aim of developing a convenient, quantitative assay for inhibitors of interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme (ICE), we have explored three approaches to the synthesis of peptidic p-nitroanilides relevant to this enzyme. The first approach involved a late stage oxidation of a p-aminoanilide such as CbzValAlaAsp(beta- tert-butyl)-p-(t-Boc-amino)anilide. The second and third approaches used the preformed amino acid p-nitroanilides HAsp-p-nitroanilide hydrochloride and HAsp(beta-tert-butyl)-p-nitroanilide which were coupled iteratively with preactivated amino acid derivatives or with an appropriate peptide, respectively. While each approach had it merits and limitations, all three produced p-nitroanilides that were substrates for ICE.
A Hybrid 2-Zone/WAVE Engine Combustion Model for Simulating Combustion Instabilities During Dilute Operation (2005)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Internal combustion engines are operated under conditions of high exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) to reduce NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emissions and promote enhanced combustion modes such as HCCI. However, high EGR under certain conditions also promotes nonlinear feedback between cycles, leading to the development of combustion instabilities and cyclic variability. We employ a two-zone phenomenological combustion model to simulate the onset of combustion instabilities under highly dilute conditions and to illustrate the impact of these instabilities on emissions and fuel efficiency. The two-zone in-cylinder combustion model is coupled to a WAVE engine-simulation code through a Simulink interface, allowing rapid simulation of several hundred successive engine cycles with many external engine parametric effects included. We demonstrate how this hybrid model can be used to study strategies for adaptive feedback control to reduce cyclic combustion instabilities and, thus, preserve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions.&lt;/div&gt;
Stratifying the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using Machine Learning (2021)

3 Laryngoscope, 132:234-241, 2022.
Push-pull fused vertical coupler switch (1999)

A single-electrode push-pull fused vertical coupler (PVC) switch using macroscopic crystal inversion symmetry is demonstrated. The anisotropic linear electrooptic effect in a zinc-blende crystal is used to achieve optical switching under 12-V reverse bias for a 6.9-mm-long FVC whose two guiding layers have different crystal symmetries. No switching is observed for the identical structure in which the two guiding layers have the same crystal symmetry.
Centralised model predictive controller design for wave energy converter arrays (2014)

Many recent works on wave energy conversion use a form of model predictive control (MPC) to maximise energy harvest. This active control strategy is generally used because it permits the inclusion of constraints that represent the physical limits of wave energy conversion devices in the optimisation algorithm. In this study, the authors present a centralised MPC design for an array configuration of wave energy converters. Its performance is evaluated via computer simulation and is compared against that of decentralised MPC and linear damping controller for several values of damping in both regular and irregular waves.
Heat-Pump Control Design Performance Evaluation using Load-Based Testing (2021)

Space heating is one of the primary components of residential energy usage in the U.S., accounting for nearly 43% (EIA, 2015) of the total residential energy consumption. To reduce this energy usage, heat-pumps provide an energy-efficient alternative to currently prevalent systems such as electric heaters and gas furnaces. Advanced control strategies have the potential to further improve heat-pump system energy efficiency and comfort delivery. In recent years, advancements in the microprocessor field have made it possible to widely implement advanced energy-efficient controls within heat-pump systems. However, still only a very small fraction of residential air-conditioners and heat-pumps currently sold in the U.S. market utilize these next-generation controls (ACEEE, 2019). To facilitate an acceleration in the development and implementation of advanced control architectures within heat-pump equipment, a load-based testing methodology can be utilized. Load-based testing allows realistic dynamic behavior and performance evaluation of energy efficiency and comfort delivery for heat pumping and air conditioning equipment with embedded controls in a laboratory setting. In the load-based testing methodology, the sensible and latent loads of a representative residential building are emulated in the indoor psychrometric test room by dynamically varying the test room conditions utilizing a virtual building model. The test equipment responds dynamically to this virtual building with its embedded controls based on the thermostat sensing response. This enables engineers to evaluate the performance of a heat-pump in a controlled setting under dynamic conditions that are similar to a field application but with a significant reduction in testing time and cost. This paper demonstrates the application of load-based testing for evaluating the performance of a 5-ton split-type residential heat-pump with its integrated controls in a heating mode application. Furthermore, the effect of equipment oversizing and undersizing on the heat-pump energy consumption and comfort delivery are also presented.
Ventilation of large hydrogenerators: a review of the cooling air flow determination (2013)

U radu se daje kriticki osvrt na metode određivanja protoka rashladnog zraka na temelju dugogodisnjeg iskustva autora i analize dostupne literature. Detaljno je razmotrena uobicajena eksperimentalna metoda određivanja protoka zraka integracijom pomocu anemometra s krilcima na izlazu iz generatorskih hladnjaka zraka te je dana usporedba s alternativnim mogucnostima mjerenja protoka drugim metodama. Pri tom su koristeni rezultati i potvrde na temelju mnogih dosadasnjih ispitivanja na generatorima u eksploataciji kao i mjerenjima na ventilacijskoj komori Koncar-Instituta za elektrotehniku. U radu je ukazano na probleme prilikom provođenja mjerenja, a daju se i smjernice kako za unapređenje metoda i postupaka tako i za primjenu novih metoda.
The Molecular Engineering of an Anti-Idiotypic Antibody for Pharmacokinetic Analysis of a Fully Human Anti-Infective (2015)

Anti-idiotype monoclonal antibodies represent a class of reagents that are potentially optimal for analyzing the pharmacokinetics of fully human, anti-infective antibodies that have been developed as therapeutic candidates. This is particularly important where direct pathogen binding assays are complicated by requirements for biosafety level III or IV for pathogen handling. In this study, we describe the development of a recombinant, anti-idiotype monoclonal antibody termed E1 for the detection of a fully human, serotype-specific, therapeutic antibody candidate for the BSLIII pathogen Dengue virus termed 14c10 hG1. E1 was generated by naïve human Fab phage library panning technology and subsequently engineered as a monoclonal antibody. We show that E1 is highly specific for the fully-folded form of 14c10 hG1 and can be employed for the detection of this antibody in healthy human subjects' serum by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, we show that E1 is capable of blocking the binding of 14c10 hG1 to dengue virus serotype 1. Finally, we show that E1 can detect 14c10 hG1 in mouse serum after the administration of the therapeutic antibody in vivo. E1 represents an important new form of ancillary reagent that can be utilized in the clinical development of a therapeutic human antibody candidate.
Weight related differences in the pharmacokinetics of abacavir in HIV‐infected patients (2004)

The apparent plasma clearance of abacavir was positively related to bodyweight. The efficacy of the current recommended abacavir dosage for patients with high bodyweight should be evaluated in further studies.
What Is the Best Treatment for Complex Proximal Humerus Fractures? What Are the Main Determinants of Outcome after Arthroplasty? (2009)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Matrix Isolation and Photochemical Interconversion of Siiacyciopentadienes (1992)

1-Silacyclopenta-2,4-diene 1 has been generated by vacuum pyrolysis of 5-silaspiro[4.4]nona-2,7-diene 5 and by photolysis of matrix-isolated 1,1-diazido-1-silacyclopent-3-ene 6, and characterized by matrix-isolation IR and UV spectroscopy; reversible interconversion of 1 with 1-silacyclopenta-1,3-diene 2, 1-silacyclopenta-1,4-diene 3 and 1-silacyclopent-3-ene-1,1-diyl 4 has been observed upon irradiation at various wavelengths; the red-shifted UV absorption of 2 and 3, together with their low SiC stretching frequencies, provide evidence for SiC—CC π conjugation.
Asymmetric Synthesis of a Bacteriochlorophyll Model Compound Containing <i>trans</i>-Dialkyl Substituents in Ring D (2020)

Challenges to the <i>de novo</i> synthesis of bacteriochlorophyll <i>a</i> (<b>BChl <i>a</i></b>), the chief pigment for anoxygenic bacterial photosynthesis, include creating the macrocycle along with the <i>trans</i>-dialkyl substituents in both pyrroline rings (B and D). A known route to a model bacteriochlorophyll with a gem-dimethyl group in each pyrroline ring has been probed for utility in the synthesis of <b>BChl <i>a</i></b> by preparation of a hybrid macrocycle (<b>BC-1</b>), which contains a <i>trans</i>-dialkyl group in ring D and a gem-dimethyl group in ring B. Stereochemical definition began with the synthesis of (2<i>S</i>,3<i>S</i>)-2-ethyl-3-methylpent-4-ynoic acid, a precursor to the <i>trans</i>-dialkyl-substituted AD dihydrodipyrrin. Knoevenagel condensation of the latter and a gem-dimethyl, β-ketoester-substituted BC dihydrodipyrrin afforded the enone (E, 70%; Z, 3%); subsequent double-ring cyclization of the <i>E</i>-enone (via Nazarov, electrophilic aromatic substitution, and elimination reactions) gave <b>BC-1</b> (53% yield) along with a trace of chlorin byproduct (1.4% relative to <b>BC-1</b> upon fluorescence assay). <b>BC-1</b> exhibited the desired <i>trans</i>-dialkyl stereochemistry in ring D and was obtained as a 7:1 mixture of (expected) epimers owing to the configuration of the 13<sup>2</sup>-carbomethoxy substituent. The strategy wherein <i>trans</i>-dialkyl substituents are installed very early and carried through to completion, as validated herein, potentially opens a synthetic path to native photosynthetic pigments.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Alkene Aziridination with Readily Available Chiral Diimine‐ Based Catalysts. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
2‐D reference map of <b><i>Bacillus anthracis</i></b> vaccine strain A16R proteins (2005)

Bacillus anthracis has always been an important pathogen because it can cause lethal inhalational anthrax, and may be used as a bioweapon or by bioterrorists. In this study, a 2-DE reference map and database of B. anthracis A16R was constructed. In total, 534 spots were processed, and 406 spots representing 299 proteins were identified. Gel-estimated pIs and molecular masses mostly matched well with their theoretical predictions, but some discrepancies also existed. Spot and protein corresponding analysis revealed that post-translational modifications might be common in B. anthracis. Through the MASCOT search, the similarity of B. anthracis, B. cereus and B. thuringiensis was further verified by protein level and a possible annotation error in B. anthracis strain Ames 0581 genome was found. Proteins of energy metabolism, fatty acid and phospholipid metabolism, protein synthesis, and cellular processes represented a large part of the most abundant proteins. At the same time, 27 hypothetical proteins were experimentally proved. There were 28 proteins also identified as spore composition in recently spore-related research, which indicated that they might play some roles in different phases such as growth, sporulation and outgrowth. Maps and information about all identified proteins are available on the Internet at http://www.mpiib-berlin.mpg.de/2D-PAGE and http://www.proteomics.com.cn.
SPT: Semi-Parametric Prompt Tuning for Multitask Prompted Learning (2022)

Pre-trained large language models can efficiently interpolate human-written prompts in a natural way. Multitask prompted learning can help generalization through a diverse set of tasks at once, thus enhancing the potential for more effective downstream fine-tuning. To perform efficient multitask-inference in the same batch, parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods such as prompt tuning have been proposed. However, the existing prompt tuning methods may lack generalization. We propose SPT, a semi-parametric prompt tuning method for multitask prompted learning. The novel component of SPT is a memory bank from where memory prompts are retrieved based on discrete prompts. Extensive experiments, such as (i) fine-tuning a full language model with SPT on 31 different tasks from 8 different domains and evaluating zero-shot generalization on 9 heldout datasets under 5 NLP task categories and (ii) pretraining SPT on the GLUE datasets and evaluating fine-tuning on the SuperGLUE datasets, demonstrate effectiveness of SPT.
Alternative splicing of human elastin mRNA demonstrated by sequence analysis of cloned genomic and complementary DNA (1987)

Poly A/sup +/ RNA, isolated from a single 7 month human fetal aorta, was used to synthesize cDNA by the RNAse H method, using AMV reverse transcriptase for first strand synthesis and DNA polymerase I for the second strand. Three clones containing inserts of 3.3, 2.8 and 2.5 kb were selected for further analysis. Three overlapping clones containing 18.4 kb of the human elastin gene were also isolated from genomic libraries. Complete sequence analysis of the 6 clones demonstrated that: (1) the largest cDNA encompassed the entire translated portion of the mRNA (2) there was extensive alternative splicing of the mRNA, (3) there were several unusual hydrophilic amino acid sequences not previously identified in pig tropoelastin, (4) exons encoding either hydrophobic or crosslinking domains in the protein alternate in the gene (5) there is a great abundance of Alu repetitive sequences throughout the introns. These results suggest the potential for significant variation in the precise molecular structure and function of the elastic fiber in the human population.
Angular parametrization of rectangular paraunitary matrices (2016)

In this preprint a new approach is proposed to find efficient angular parametrizations of rectangular paraunitary matrices (PU).As for square PU matrices, the problem is stated as a matrix factorization, the efficiency of which is ensured by the fact that the proposed representations are complete, non redundant and lead to a minimal number of delays. As in our previous publication, dedicated to the case of square real coefficients PU matrices, our framework is based on an \emph{ensemblist} approach. The angular parametrization sets, named Givens sets, are analyzed according to three different possibilities related to the matrix size. Thus, for a NxM PU matrix, different properties of Givens sets are established corresponding to the cases where N=M, N >= 2 M and M < N < 2M.
PREDICTING THE SUCCESS OF RETROGRADE STENTING FOR MANAGING URETERAL OBSTRUCTION (2001)

Retrograde ureteral stenting is a good solution for most acutely obstructed ureters. In patients with extrinsic ureteral obstruction a more distal level of obstruction and higher degree of hydronephrosis are associated with a greater likelihood of stent failure. These patients may be better served by percutaneous drainage.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Circuitry (2013)

The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit is made of a number of components that have been customized to provide adequate tissue oxygen delivery in patients with severe cardiac and/or respiratory failure for a prolonged period of time (days to weeks). A standard extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit consists of a mechanical blood pump, gas-exchange device, and a heat exchanger all connected together with circuit tubing. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuits can vary from simple to complex and may include a variety of blood flow and pressure monitors, continuous oxyhemoglobin saturation monitors, circuit access sites, and a bridge connecting the venous access and arterial infusion limbs of the circuit. Significant technical advancements have been made in the equipment available for short- and long-term extracorporeal membrane oxygenation applications. Contemporary extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuits have greater biocompatibility and allow for more prolonged cardiopulmonary support time while minimizing the procedure-related complications of bleeding, thrombosis, and other physiologic derangements, which were so common with the early application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Modern era extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuitry and components are simpler, safer, more compact, and can be used across a wide variety of patient sizes from neonates to adults.
Dietary Yeasts Reduce Inflammation in Central Nerve System via Microflora (2014)

Oral ingestion of C. kefyr may have beneficial effects on MS by modifying microflora. In addition, our findings also suggested the potential health benefits of dietary yeasts.
Hall of Fame Article: Recent Progress in Porous Graphene and Reduced Graphene Oxide‐Based Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices (Adv. Mater. Interfaces 5/2018) (2018)

Porous graphene structures enable a wide variety of nanoarchitectures with excellent properties that can be used in many electrochemical devices. In this review article, recent advances in the synthesis of porous graphene and its application in electrochemical energy storage devices are summarized by Yuanzhe Piao and co-workers in article number 1701212.
Comparison of electrical impedance tomography inverse solver approaches for damage sensing (2017)

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has been recently applied as a structural health monitoring (SHM) technique to many diﬀerent kinds of structures. In short, EIT is an algorithm that reconstructs the spatial conductivity response of a conductive body using only voltage measurement along its boundaries. For a conductive structure with its electrical properties being sensitive to damages and/or strains, mapping the distribution of its conductivity allows one to obtain its corresponding damage and/or strain distribution. To date, the EIT inverse problem has been solved using diﬀerent techniques. This study compared the performance of two diﬀerent approaches using four evaluation criteria. The first technique is based on EIDORS, which is an open-source EIT solver based on the maximum a posteriori (MAP) approach. It can rapidly, using a one-step linear approach, evaluate the relative impedance change of a given region when a baseline measurement (i.e., the response collected under its initial state) is provided. The second approach is a two-step iterative shrinkage thresholding (TwIST) method that compresses a signal’s sparsity in preserving sharp edges of an image. Both methods were evaluated using a 16-electrode 2D square shape with a simulated “point” damage at diﬀerent locations. The evaluation results suggested that TwIST outperforms MAP in terms of the resolution and accuracy of the reconstructed results, and MAP wins over TwIST in causing minor shape deformation and less ringing. Results from both methods exhibit position-dependency. These results are significant in promoting EIT becoming a powerful technique for in situ health monitoring.
The Induction of Cyclooxygenase-2 Elicited by Endotoxin in Endothelial Cells and Macrophages is Inhibited by Prostaglandin E1 and 13,14-Dihydro Prostaglandin E1 (1995)

The effects of PGE1 or 13,14-dihydro PGE1 (PGE0) on the expression of COX-2 protein and COX activity elicited by LPS (1 microgram/ml for 24 h) in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) and J774.2 macrophages were investigated. PGE1 or PGE0 (0.001 to 10 micrograms/ml) caused a dose-dependent decrease of COX activity elicited by LPS in both cell types. Western blot analysis showed that PGE1 or PGE0 (1 microgram/ml) inhibited the expression of COX-2 protein in LPS-activated BAEC and J774.2 macrophages. Thus, PGE1 or (its metabolite) PGE0 decrease the formation of COX metabolites by inhibiting the induction of COX-2 protein by LPS.