gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effective conductivity of periodic arrays of spheres with interfacial resistance (1997)

We consider the problem of analytically determining the effective thermal conductivity of a composite material consisting of periodic arrays of spheres with interfacial resistance. We applied Rayleigh's method which has been used extensively for such calculations in the perfect interface case, i.e. no jump in the temperature across the interface. Results are presented for simple, body-centred and face-centred cubic arrays, and each for a wide range of volume fractions. Our calculations were based on very accurate lattice sums in all three lattice cases and temperature fields were resolved to very high multipole moments, including all azimuthal terms. In the case of zero interfacial strength, our formulation recovers all previously reported benchmark results.
<i>In situ</i>observation of magnetic orientation process of feeble magnetic materials under high magnetic fields (2008)

An <i>in situ</i> microscopic observation of the magnetic orientation process of feeble magnetic fibers was carried out under high magnetic fields of up to 10 T using a scanning laser microscope. In the experiment, carbon fibers and needle-like titania fibers with a length of 1 to 20 μm were used. The fibers were observed to gradually orient their axes parallel to the direction of the magnetic field. The orientation behavior of the sample fibers was evaluated on the basis of the measured duration required for a certain angular variation. As predicted from the theoretical consideration, it was confirmed that the duration required for a certain angular variation normalized by the viscosity of the fluid is described as a function of the fiber length. The results obtained here appear useful for the consideration of the magnetic orientation of materials suspended in a static fluid.
Inference Over Distribution of Posterior Class Probabilities for Reliable Bayesian Classification and Object-Level Perception (2018)

State of the art Bayesian classification approaches typically maintain a posterior distribution over possible classes given available sensor observations (images). Yet, while these approaches fuse all classifier outputs thus far, they do not provide any indication regarding how reliable the posterior classification is, thus limiting its functionality in terms of autonomous systems and robotics. On the other hand, current deep learning based classifiers provide an uncertainty measure, thereby quantifying model uncertainty. However, they do so on a single frame basis and do not consider a sequential framework. In this letter, we develop a novel approach that infers a distribution over posterior class probabilities, while accounting for model uncertainty. This distribution enables reasoning about uncertainty in the posterior classification and, therefore, is of prime importance for robust classification, object-level perception in uncertain and ambiguous scenarios, and for safe autonomy in general. The distribution of the posterior class probability has no known analytical solution; thus, we propose to approximate this distribution via sampling. We evaluate our approach in simulation and using real images fed into a convolutional neural network classifier.
An efficient fast mode decision algorithm for H.264/AVC intra-prediction (2012)

The rate distortion optimization (RDO) technique employed in H.264/AVC improve coding performance significantly, but a very high computational load is introduced. In this paper, an intra prediction mode prepruning algorithm based on orientation gradient is proposed to reduce RDO calculation. In the proposed algorithm, the gradients between the reference pixels and the current block pixels are calculated in all the prediction directions, and then the prediction modes with larger gradient are skipped in the prediction process. Experimental results demonstrate the proposed algorithm saves more than half of the encoding time with negligible PSNR loss or bit rate increase.
Controlling the Texture and Crystallinity of Evaporated Lead Phthalocyanine Thin Films for Near-Infrared Sensitive Solar Cells (2013)

To achieve organic solar cells with a broadened spectral absorption, we aim to promote the growth of the near-infrared (NIR)-active polymorph of lead phthalocyanine (PbPc) on a relevant electrode for solar cell applications. We studied the effect of different substrate modification layers on PbPc thin film structure as a function of thickness and deposition rate (rdep). We characterized crystallinity and orientation by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) and in situ X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and correlated these data to the performance of bilayer solar cells. When deposited onto a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) or a molybdenum oxide (MoO3) buffer layer, the crystallinity of the PbPc films improves with thickness. The transition from a partially crystalline layer close to the substrate to a more crystalline film with a higher content of the NIR-active phase is enhanced at low rdep, thereby leading to solar cells that exhibit a higher maximum in short circuit current density (JSC) for thinner donor layers. The insertion of a CuI layer induces the formation of strongly textured, crystalline PbPc layers with a vertically homogeneous structure. Solar cells based on these templated donor layers show a variation of JSC with thickness that is independent of rdep. Consequently, without decreasing rdep we could achieve JSC=10 mA/cm2, yielding a bilayer solar cell with a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 35% at 900 nm, and an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.9%.
Applications of Electronically Detecting and Precisely Directing Single-molecule Binding Events on H-Si(100) (2019)

Many new material systems are being explored to enable smaller, more energy efficient and capable electronic devices. In the extreme size limits, approaches for atomic and molecular electronics, quantum computation, and data storage all rely on a well-developed understanding of the behaviour of materials at the atomic scale. Here, we report a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) technique to electronically detect single molecule binding events to atomically defined reactive sites on a hydrogen-terminated silicon surface. This technique reduces the influence of the typically perturbative STM tip field, creating an improved tool to study the integration of molecules into devices. We then demonstrate the application of atomically precise binding as a new tool in hydrogen lithography to not only correct fabrication errors, but also act as the primary means of rewriting information in new ultra-dense atomic memory designs.
An efficient wirelength model for analytical placement (2013)

Smooth approximations to half-perimeter wirelength are being investigated actively because of the recent increase in interest in analytical placement. It is necessary to not just provide smooth approximations but also to provide error analysis and convergence properties of these approximations. We present a new approximation scheme which uses a non-recursive approximation to the max function. We also show the convergence properties and the error bounds. The accuracy of our proposed scheme is better than those of the popular Logarithm-Sum-Exponential (LSE) wirelength model [7] and the recently proposed Weighted Average(WA) wirelength model[3]. We also experimentally validate the comparison by using global and detail placements produced by NTU Placer [1] on ISPD 2004 benchmark suite. The experimentations on benchmarks validate that the error bounds of our model are lower, with an average of 4% error in the total wirelength.
Antenne à ondes de fuite reconfigurable à l'aide de matériaux ferroélectriques (2015)

National audience
Dietary fat saturation alters diabetic rat brush border membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition. (1990)

Alteration in dietary fatty acid composition produces changes in brush border membrane (BBM) fatty acid composition and changes in nutrient transport. Feeding a highly polyunsaturated fatty acid diet (P) reduces glucose uptake in diabetic rats to near control levels, whereas feeding a highly saturated fatty acid diet (S) enhances glucose uptake. Female Wistar rats were placed onto either a P or S diet for 5 weeks, injected with streptozotocin and continued on their respective diets for an additional 3 weeks. BBM were isolated, purified and extracted for analysis of fatty acyl constituents of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). In jejunal and ileal BBM PC and PE, feeding S was associated with a decrease in total omega 6 fatty acids (18:2 omega 6), and an increase in the ratio of monounsaturated/saturated fatty acids as compared with animals fed P. In jejunal BBM PC and PE, the ratio of 18:2 omega 6/20:4 omega 6 was reduced in animals fed S as compared with those fed P. Diabetes was associated with fewer changes in BBM fatty acid composition in animals fed P as compared with those fed S. Feeding P to diabetic animals prevents the changes in BBM fatty acid composition observed when animals are fed S. Alterations in BBM lipid composition may be related to the enhanced permeability to glucose in animals fed S, while the similarity of BBM fatty acid composition in diabetic and control animals fed P may be related to the similar glucose uptake. The mechanisms controlling BBM lipid composition require further investigation, and may be important for the development of nutritional strategies for the control of diabetes.
Binder free Silicon Anodes for Advanced Lithium Ion Batteries (2016)

Silicon has emerged as an attractive anode material for Lithium Ion Batteries since it has a high theoretical capacity of 4200 mAh/g, corresponding to the formation of Li22Si5 alloy. Unlike graphite anodes which rely on intercalation and deintercalation of Li+, silicon anodes depend on an alloying-dealloying process. However, the formation of Li-Si binary alloys involves volume modification of ~400%, and the repeated expansion and contraction during lithiation- delithiation leads to pulverization and consequent failure of the cell. &#13;\nTo meet this challenge, we have designed binder-free silicon anodes that can circumvent the problem of pulverization. This work describes the synthesis of Si nanoparticles (NPs) by reverse micelle approach, followed by structural characterization of the material by X&#13;\n-Ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Raman Spectroscopy. The electrochemical performance of the Si active material as anode material for Lithium Ion Batteries was tested in two-electrode Swagelok type cells using galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling at different &#13;\nlevels of depth-of-discharge, and also by impedance spectroscopy. Two approaches have been employed in the designing of the electrodes: firstly, the Si NPs were manually embedded on Cu foil as current collector by the application of pressure, and secondly, chitosan, polypyrrole&#13;\n-hydrogel and P-Pitch were used as novel binders in developing 3D electrode architecture on carbon fibre.
Potent Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Novel Microtubule-Modulating Brominated Noscapine Analogs (2010)

Noscapine, a plant-derived, non-toxic, over-the-counter antitussive alkaloid has tubulin-binding properties. Based upon the structural resemblance of noscapine to colchicine, a tubulin-binding anti-inflammatory drug, noscapine and its semi-synthetic brominated analogs were examined for in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Brominated noscapine analogs were found to inhibit cytokine and chemokine release from macrophage cell lines but did not affect cell viability. Brominated noscapine analogs demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties in both TLR- and non-TLR induced in vitro innate immune pathway inflammation models, mimicking septic and sterile infection respectively. In addition, electron microscopy and immunoblotting data indicated that these analogs induced robust autophagy in human macrophages. This study is the first report to identify brominated noscapines as innate immune pathway anti-inflammatory molecules.
The Thromboxane A <sub>2</sub> Receptor Antagonist S18886 Prevents Enhanced Atherogenesis Caused by Diabetes Mellitus (2005)

The TP antagonist inhibits inflammation and accelerated atherogenesis caused by diabetes, most likely by counteracting effects on endothelial function and adhesion molecule expression of eicosanoids stimulated by the diabetic milieu.
Scalable Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene Ligands (2012)

An operationally simple and scalable synthesis of enantiomerically pure bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene (bod*) ligands relying on an organocatalytic one-pot Michael addition-aldol reaction with cheap 2-cyclohexenone and phenylacetaldehyde is presented. The crystalline bicyclic product 4a (6-hydroxy-5-phenylbicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-one) is transformed into phenylbicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-en-2-one 2, a versatile starting material for the 2-step synthesis of both symmetrical, such as Hayashi's Ph-bod* ligand, as well as novel unsymmetrical chiral dienes.
Conductive filament formation failure in a printed circuit board (1999)

A defective printed circuit board assembly that exhibited excessive current leakage was examined to determine the responsible failure mechanisms. Observation of the failure site (determined electrically) by optical and electron microscopy revealed an area in the circuit board where debonded fiber bundles bridged a plated‐through‐hole (PTH) to a copper plane. This phenomenon is highly suggestive of conductive filament formation.
Finite State Model Predictive Current and Common Mode Voltage Control for a Seven-phase VSI (2015)

The paper elaborate finite set model based predictive current control of a seven-phase voltage source inverter. The current control is carried out considering a finite set of control actions. The space vector model of a seven-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) yields 2 7 = 128 space voltage vectors, with 126 active and two zero vectors. The control method described in this paper discard some switching states from the whole set and employs reduced number of switching states to track the commanded current. Three sets of space vectors are used for switching actuation, in one case only 15 vectors are used (14 active and one zero), in second case 29 vectors are used (28 active and one zero) and finally 43 vectors (42 active and one zero) are employed. Optimal algorithm is employed to find the vector which minimizes the chosen cost function. The effect of selecting the cost function, the number of space vectors and the sampling time is investigated and reported. The developed technique is tested for RL load using simulation and experimental approaches.
Supplementary Table S1 from Durable Suppression of Acquired MEK Inhibitor Resistance in Cancer by Sequestering MEK from ERK and Promoting Antitumor T-cell Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S1&lt;/p&gt;
The JAK2&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;V617F&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; Mutation Seen in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs) Occurs in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Implications of a Pilot Study (2013)

Patients with IBD frequently have hematologic abnormalities suggestive of JAK2 mutated MPNs, but are traditionally classified as reactive processes. Haplotype 46/1 is a well-characterized genetic predisposition, common to both inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). In view of this shared genetic predisposition, we measured the frequency of the JAK2V617F mutation in IBD patients with thrombocytosis or erythrocytosis, in order to ascertain whether a higher than expected proportion of these patients may in fact have underlying MPNs. 1121 patients were identified with an active diagnosis of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, of which 474 had either thrombocytosis or erythrocytosis. Patients with abnormal counts were tested for the JAK2V617F mutation during routine follow-up visits. Interim analysis of first 23 patients tested was performed to assess whether the JAK2V617F positivity rate was statistically significant compared with known expected frequencies in a comparable control population. Of 23 patients, 13 patients had thrombocytosis and 10 had erythrocytosis. Three patients with thrombocytosis (23%), and 1 patient with erythrocytosis (10%), tested positive for JAK2V617F, exceeding the expected thresholds for statistical significance. In patients with IBD and thrombocytosis or erythrocytosis, a meaningful proportion may harbor an undiagnosed MPN, as indicated by clonal abnormalities such as JAK2V617F. These findings imply the need for increased testing of these patients for clonal hematologic abnormalities, and importantly, if found, suggest the need for therapeutic strategies with drugs, such as JAK2 inhibitors, in patients with both MPN and IBD.
De-Epithelialization Protocol with Tapered Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Concentrations Enhances Short-Term Chondrocyte Survival in Porcine Chimeric Tracheal Allografts (2023)

Background: Tracheal transplantation is indicated in cases where injury exceeds 50% of the organ in adults and 30% in children. However, transplantation is not yet considered a viable treatment option partly due to high morbidity and mortality associated with graft rejection. Recently, decellularization (decell) has been explored as a technique for creating bioengineered tracheal grafts. However, risk of post-operative stenosis increases due to the death of chondrocytes, which are critical to maintain the biochemical and mechanical integrity of tracheal cartilage. In this project, we propose a new de-epithelialization protocol that adequately removes epithelial, mucosal, and submucosal cells while maintaining a greater proportion of viable chondrocytes. Methods: The trachea of adult male outbred Yorkshire pigs were extracted, decontaminated, and decellularized according to the original and new protocols before incubation at 37 °C in DMEM for 10 days. Chondrocyte viability was quantified immediately following post-decellularization and on days 1, 4, 7, and 10. Histology was performed pre-decellularization, post-decellularization, and post-incubation. Results: The new protocol showed a significant (p &lt; 0.05) increase in chondrocyte viability up to four days after de-ep when compared to the original protocol. We also found that the new protocol preserves ECM composition to a similar degree as the original protocol. When scaffolds created using the new protocol were re-epithelialized, cell growth curves were near identical to published data from the original protocol. Conclusion: While not without limitations, our new protocol may be used to engineer chimeric tracheal allografts without the need for cartilage regeneration.
Ultrastructural morphometry of matrical changes induced by exercise and food restriction in the rat calcaneal tendon (1992)

The ultrastructural morphometry of collagen fibril populations in 24 calcaneal tendons obtained from 12 Fischer 344 rats were studied to elucidate matrical changes induced by food restriction and/or endurance exercise. Rats were randomly assigned to four equal groups: ad libitum control (AC), ad libitum exercise (AE), restricted diet control (RC) and restricted diet exercise (RE) groups. Beginning from 6 weeks of age, animals in the two food restriction groups were fed 60% of the mean food consumption of ad libitum fed rats. Then, starting from 6-7 months of age, the rats in the two exercise groups performed 40-50 min of treadmill running at 1.2-1.6 miles h-1 every day for a total of 10 weeks. Endurance training did not significantly alter body weight, but food restriction with or without exercise resulted in a significant loss of body weight. In ad libitum fed controls, food restriction alone did not significantly alter the mean collagen fibril CSA, but predisposed a preponderance of small-sized collagen fibrils. Endurance training per se induced a significant (32%) increase in mean fibril CSA (P less than 0.05), but this adaptive response to exercise was prevented by food restriction, as indicated by a 33% decline in fibril CSA (P less than 0.05). These findings demonstrate that dietary restriction modifies the adaptation of tendon collagen morphometry in response to endurance training, and that weight loss is better achieved with food restriction than endurance exercise.
ChemInform Abstract: Coupling Reactions of Terminal Two‐Faced π Ligands and Related Cleavage Reactions (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Predictors of Outcomes in Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy following Hypothermia: A Meta-Analysis (2020)

In the era of therapeutic hypothermia, the different modalities remain good predictors of neurodevelopmental outcome. However, timing should be taken into account. aEEG may initially be false positive and gets more reliable after 24 h. In contrast, MRI should be used during the first week, as its predictive value decreases afterwards.
Compartment-specific expression of collagens and their processing enzymes in intrapulmonary arteries of IPAH patients (2015)

Alterations in extracellular matrix (ECM) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension. Here, we have undertaken a compartment-specific study to elucidate the expression profile of collagens and their processing enzymes in donor and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) pulmonary arteries. Predominant intimal, but also medial and perivascular, remodeling and reduced lumen diameter were detected in IPAH pulmonary arteries. Two-photon microscopy demonstrated accumulation of collagen fibers. Quantification of collagen in pulmonary arteries revealed collagen accumulation mainly in the intima of IPAH pulmonary arteries compared with donors. Laser capture-microdissected pulmonary artery profiles (intima+media and perivascular tissue) were analyzed by real-time PCR for ECM gene expression. In the intima+media of IPAH vessels, collagens (COL4A5, COL14A1, and COL18A1), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 19, and a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 33 were higher expressed, whereas MMP10, ADAM17, TIMP1, and TIMP3 were less abundant. Localization of COLXVIII, its cleavage product endostatin, and MMP10, ADAM33, and TIMP1 was confirmed in pulmonary arteries by immunohistochemistry. ELISA for collagen XVIII/endostatin demonstrated significantly elevated plasma levels in IPAH patients compared with donors, whereas circulating MMP10, ADAM33, and TIMP1 levels were similar between the two groups. Endostatin levels were correlated with pulmonary arterial wedge pressure, and established prognostic markers of IPAH, right atrial pressure, cardiac index, 6-min walking distance, NH2-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and uric acid. Expression of unstudied collagens, MMPs, ADAMs, and TIMPs were found to be significantly altered in IPAH intima+media. Elevated levels of circulating collagen XVIII/endostatin are associated with markers of a poor prognosis.
A thermoreversible supramolecular hydrogel inspired by poly(<i>N</i>, <i>N</i>-dimethylacrylamide) (2009)

A thermoreversible supramolecular hydrogel based on a silver(I) alkanethiolate bearing terminal N,N-dimethylamide groups has been prepared, which is inspired by poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide). This demonstrates the possibility of designing supramolecular hydrogels inspired by conventional polymers, through the self-assembly of the corresponding mercapto-modified monomers promoted by the addition of a AgI salt.
Deteriorating Outcomes after Meniscal Repair Using the Meniscus Arrow in Knees Undergoing Concurrent Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (2005)

This study provides the longest follow-up in the literature of any of the all-inside meniscal repair implants. The Meniscus Arrow demonstrated long-term meniscal healing rates inferior to those found in the literature for inside-out suture repair techniques.