gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mapping viscoelastic properties by multi-line (ML) acoustic radiation force (2015)

In these days ultrasound studies of non-invasive diagnostic methods using the elastic property of tissue have showed very promising results. Biological soft tissues are viscoelastic in nature; therefore several recent studies have shown the feasibility of shear wave dispersion in order to express viscosity which is considered to be valid for early diagnoses. Shear wave Dispersion Ultrasound Vibrometry (SDUV) has been conducted under <i>ex vivo </i>and <i>in vivo </i>conditions, which could estimate the value of shear elasticity and viscosity from a 40 x 40 mm<sup>2</sup> area. In this study, our proposed Multi-line (ML) acoustic radiation force method could map shear elasticity and viscosity at 0.2 x 0.2 mm<sup>2</sup> pixel in 25.6 mm width and 29.6 mm depth area. ML uses seven focus points in depth to create much planar shear wave than ever, and twenty pushing line to obtain data such a broader area than ever. These sequences contribute to express precise values of shear elasticity and viscosity at each pixel. A 10% gelatin phantom with a 10% gelatin and 1% xanthan gum mixture inclusion was prepared for ML experiment, and one homogenous phantom made of the same concentrations as the background of ML experiments was for ML and SDUV experiments three times to validate. The ML measurement resulted μ<sub>1</sub> = 1.129±0.118 kPa, μ<sub>2</sub> = 0.893±0.090 Pa･s in the 10% gelatin background; their corresponding SDUV measurement were μ<sub>1</sub> = 1.250±0.129 kPa, μ<sub>2</sub> = 0.833±0.098 Pa･s in 10% gelatin phantom. Though further evaluations such as frequency and rheological model are required, the results could show the effectiveness of this proposed method in mapping viscoelasticity and the feasibility of<i> in vivo </i>and <i>ex vivo </i>experiments.
Three-level operation in a diode-pumped Nd:GdVO 4 laser and CW 440-nm generation (2009)

We present for the first time a frequency doubled Nd:GdVO<sub>4</sub> laser operating in continuous wave on the pure three-level laser line at 880 nm. We obtained 300 mW at 440 nm for 23 W of incident pump power at 808 nm. Moreover, an output power of 1.9 W has been obtained at 880 nm.
SaferCity: a System for Detecting Incidents from Social Media (2013)

This paper presents a system to identify and characterise public safety related incidents from social media, and enrich the situational awareness that law enforcement entities have on potentially-unreported activities happening in a city. The system is based on a new spatio-temporal clustering algorithm that is able to identify and characterize relevant incidents given even a small number of social media reports. We present a web-based application exposing the features of the system, and demonstrate its usefulness in detecting, from Twitter, public safety related incidents occurred in New York City during the Occupy Wall Street protests.
Optimization of the sequence of antigen loading and CD40-ligand-induced maturation of dendritic cells. (1998)

Dendritic cells (DCs), matured by CD40-ligand (CD40L), undergo marked changes in their ability to process and present antigen, resulting in augmented lymphocyte stimulatory activity. We demonstrate that the form of the tumor antigen (peptide or genetic material) used to load the DCs dictates the required sequence of antigen loading and maturation for antitumor immunotherapy. Optimal stimulation of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific CTLs by peptide-loaded DCs occurs when DCs from cancer patients are matured with CD40L before exposure to CEA peptide, whereas optimal stimulation by RNA-transfected DCs occurs when the DCs are loaded with CEA RNA before maturation with CD40L.
<scp>CSF</scp> placental growth factor – a novel candidate biomarker of frontotemporal dementia (2019)

CSF PlGF is increased in FTD compared with other dementia disorders, MCI, and healthy controls and might be useful as a diagnostic biomarker of FTD.
New image processing models for opacity image analysis in chest radiographs (2003)

The aim of this research is to develop new image processing models that can be used to characterize single opacities and opacity density within pre-selected regions of interest (ROI). We derive our new image processing models based on the International Labor Organization (ILO) standard for assessing opacity shape and profusion. Pattern spectrum analysis is used for opacity shape and profusion measurements. Opacity enhancement is done using a novel AM-FM model. We use radial pattern spectra to detect the presence of opacities within the ROI, and measure opacity density. The opacity shape and profusion measurement results compare favorably with the ILO standards. The AM-FM model appears to be well-suited for single opacity enhancement.
A constant array multiplier core generator with dynamic partial evaluation architecture selection (abstract only) (2005)

Numerous applications in Digital Signal Processing (DSP), telecommunications, graphics, cryptography and control systems have computations that involve a large number of multiplications of one variable with one or several constants. In this paper, we present a constant array multiplier core generator using dynamic partial evaluation. The proposed constant array multiplier core generator combines a new partial evaluation method named Full Complement Recoding with Booth's recoding and the straightforward partial evaluation method. Based on the number of 0s, the number of runs that have more than two consecutive 1s and the total number of 1s in all the runs in the constant operand, the proposed multiplier core generator selects one of the three partial evaluation methods to construct a partial evaluation architecture and generate an efficient Hardware Description Language (HDL) code that can be used as a design component. The constant multiplier core generated by the Xilinx CORE GeneratorTM system does not provide the optimized constant multipliers for a large number of cases. When implemented using Xilinx FPGA Virtex II device, the average area saving and delay improvement of the constant multiplier generated by proposed core generator is 70% and 36% compared to the 55% and 15% of constant multipliers generated by Xilinx CORE GeneratorTM system.
A Model of Motor Neuron Loss: Selective Deficits after Ricin Injection (2010)

This study characterizes a model of motor neuron (MN) loss on the molecular, cellular, and behavioral levels. Injection of the toxic lectin Ricinus communis agglutinin I (RCA I or ricin) caused cellular deficit and loss of function by damaging the sciatic nerve. Since the sciatic nerve supplies movement to most of the lower limb, damaging this motor system models lower limb paralysis and the deficits that occur in diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and infantile progressive spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). We used motor-, sensorimotor-, locomotor-, and reflex-based tests to demonstrate loss of function after ricin injection. Loss of function was also demonstrated by decreased retrograde transport, and supported by measurements of muscle wasting. Histochemical and molecular methods were used to characterize sciatic nerve damage in axons and cell bodies, including apoptotic cell death in MNs. This battery of tests documents the extent of the ricin-induced damage and provides a baseline that can be used to judge the efficacy of MN treatment strategies in preclinical studies.
Linear CCD-Imagers with a polyimide insulation for double level metallization (1982)

CCD-imagers have been fabricated with a double metallization and with polyimide (PI) as insulating layer between the two metals. The incorporation of PI reduces the complexity of the CCD-technology without changing the electrical and the optical properties of the imaging devices. In addition, the sensor uniformity is strongly improved due to the enhanced surface flatness.
Synthesis of New Anthracyline Derivatives Containg Acetylsalicyclic or Palmitic Acid Moiety. (2001)

The potential anticancer agents new anthracycline derivatives (2~9) have been synthesized from daunomycin (1a) and doxorubicin (1b) ad starting materials. Compounds 2 and 6 were prepared by the nucleophilic displacement type esterification of a 14-bromodaunomycin (1c) with a acetylsalicylic and palmitic acid in triethylamine, respectively. Compound 3 and 7 were obtained from daunomycin (1a) by direct amidation with the corresponding acids in the presence of EDCI and PP as esterification regents. Whereas 4 and 8 were prepared by reaction of doxorubicin (1b) with one equivalent of acetylsalicylic and palmitic acid using DCC/DMAP, respectively, 5 and 9 were obtained from 1b by acylation with two equivalents of the corresponding acids using EDCI/PP reagents.
P-C1 Development of HIV-1 Immunotherapy with Vacc4x and Vacc-C5 (2018)

HIV-1 immunotherapy offers an alternative to cART or as a “functional cure” by eliminating reactivated viral reservoirs. Both cellular and antibody mediated immune responses have been identified which are capable of reducing either HIV-1 infection risk or severity of infection. We present data on both T-cell based (Vacc4x) and antibody based (vacc-C5) vaccine antigen under development for HIV-1 immunotherapy. Vacc4x has undergone phase II trials demonstrating reductions in viral load and sustained anti-HIV-1 T-cell responses. Additional immune modulation, such as that used in cancer immunotherapy, may have utility in HIV-1 Immunotherapy. For this reason we combined Vacc4x with the immune modulator Lenalidomide both in vitro and in a phase I trial of 24 subjects in order to assess the ability of this combination to enhance CD4+ T cell responses. The combination was safe, well tolerated and demonstrated increases in CD4+ T-cell counts after a 2 week vaccine protocol. We have identified that antibodies specific for a heterodimeric peptide construct comprising the C5501-512 and gp41732-744 regions of the HIV envelope protein (Vacc-C5) are correlated with slow disease progression, lower viral load and markers of immune function in HIV-1 patients and are capable of mediating antibody dependent cytotoxicity. We conducted a phase I/II trial of 36 ART treated patients vaccinated with Vacc-C5 antigen. Vacc-C5 was safe, well tolerated and increased anti-Vacc-C5 titre in a subset of patients. These data support the continued development of Vacc4x, Lenalidomide and Vacc-C5 in an HIV-1 immunotherapeutic setting.
Freeway Recurrent Bottleneck Identification Algorithms Considering Detector Data Quality Issues (2012)

Computer algorithms used to identify recurrent freeway bottlenecks have been studied since the deployment of loop detecting systems. Such algorithms automatically analyze the archived loop detector data and identify potential recurrent bottlenecks and their characteristics, such as location, time of day, and activation rate, for further investigation. In a highway congestion mitigation project, such algorithms can save time and resources for the initial screening of bottlenecks over a large freeway network. These algorithms include rule-based, contour-map-based, and simulation-based methods. However, existing methods require loop detector data with high accuracy and consistency, which is difficult to achieve in prevailing loop detecting systems. This paper proposes a new bottleneck identification algorithm with strong error and noise tolerance. Several simple denoising methods to improve the error resistance of existing algorithms are also proposed. Using statistical error analysis methods, the proposed algorithm and the denoising methods were calibrated and evaluated using field data collected from two distinct freeway corridors (US 12/14 and I-894) in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. Ground truth data for this study come from the manual inspection of 287,055 traffic video snapshots in the course of a month. In the evaluation tests, the proposed algorithm can produce quality congestion identification results with fewer false alarms than the existing algorithms, especially when identifying severe bottleneck congestion.
Medical Monitoring in Patients With Bipolar Disorder (2008)

Nine agents are now Food and Drug Administration-approved for acute treatment of bipolar mania, and several other agents are being studied for efficacy. With multiple treatment options available, clinicians face the challenge of selecting among agents. Although clinicians may consult the American Psychiatric Association's Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Bipolar Disorder, Second Edition, when selecting a treatment for bipolar mania, decisions about many aspects of treatment, such as choosing among agents, comparing combination therapy versus monotherapy, and individualizing treatments, remain complex. Considering data from recent clinical studies that have compared the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of medications for bipolar mania both between and within classes may facilitate such treatment decisions.
Method Developing and Testing for Inelastic Scattering Measurements at the GELINA Facility (2011)

Accurate inelastic scattering measurements are of interest to improving modelling and simulation of advanced reactor systems through better nuclear data (OECD-NEA, High priority request list for nuclear data http://www.nea.fr/html/dbdata/hprl/). Two setups are available at IRMM for measurements of inelastic scattering with the (n, n'gamma)-technique. The first the GAINS gammaarrayfor inelastic neutron scattering at a 200 m station consists of eight high purity germaniumdetectors, has high incident neutron energy resolution and is therefore tailored for inelastic scattering measurements. The second, at a 30 m station was developed by IPHC with the purpose of studying actinides for the Th/U cycle and emphasizing besides (n, n'gamma) also (n, 2ngamma) reactions. In the recent past a number of efforts were started to investigate the uncertainties and corrections required to obtain reliable results and to investigate the limits of accuracy of this technique. A joint effort is described that has led to an improved understanding of the fission chambers used. In particular, the important corrections to the efficiency for fission fragment loss were investigated.
Resonant detection and production of axions with atoms (2018)

The axions and axion-like particles can be detected via a resonant atomic or molecular transition induced by axion absorption. The signal obtained in this process is second order in the axion-electron interaction constant and hence small. In this chapter, it is demonstrated that this signal may become first order in the axion-electron interaction constant if we allow the interference between the axion-induced transition amplitude and the transition amplitude induced by the electromagnetic radiation. Additionally, we show that the conventional scheme of producing axions from photons in a magnetic field may be improved if the field is replaced by an atomic medium in which photons scattering off the atoms in the forward direction are transformed into axions.
Adaptive Stochastic ADMM for Decentralized Reinforcement Learning in Edge IoT (2022)

Edge computing provides a promising paradigm to support the implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) by offloading tasks to nearby edge nodes. Meanwhile, the increasing network size makes it impractical for centralized data processing due to limited bandwidth, and consequently a decentralized learning scheme is preferable. Reinforcement learning (RL) has been widely investigated and shown to be a promising solution for decision-making and optimal control processes. For RL in a decentralized setup, edge nodes (agents) connected through a communication network aim to work collaboratively to find a policy to optimize the global reward as the sum of local rewards. However, communication costs, scalability, and adaptation in complex environments with heterogeneous agents may significantly limit the performance of decentralized RL. Alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) has a structure that allows for decentralized implementation and has shown faster convergence than gradient descent-based methods. Therefore, we propose an adaptive stochastic incremental ADMM (asI-ADMM) algorithm and apply the asI-ADMM to decentralized RL with edge-computing-empowered IoT networks. We provide convergence properties for the proposed algorithms by designing a Lyapunov function and prove that the asI-ADMM has <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {O}(1/k) + \mathcal {O}(1/M)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> convergence rate, where <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$ </tex-math></inline-formula> are the number of iterations and batch samples, respectively. Then, we test our algorithm with two supervised learning problems. For performance evaluation, we simulate two applications in decentralized RL settings with homogeneous and heterogeneous agents. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithms outperform the state of the art in terms of communication costs and scalability and can well adapt to complex IoT environments.
Disulfide Crosslinked Hydrogels Made From the Hydra Stinging Cell Protein, Minicollagen-1 (2020)

Minicollagens from cnidarian nematocysts are attractive potential building blocks for the creation of strong, lightweight and tough polymeric materials with the potential for dynamic and reconfigurable crosslinking to modulate functionality. In this study, the <i>Hydra magnipapillata</i> minicollagen-1 isoform was recombinantly expressed in bacteria, and a high throughput purification protocol was developed to generate milligram levels of pure protein without column chromatography. The resulting minicollagen-1 preparation demonstrated spectral properties similar to those observed with collagen and polyproline sequences as well as the ability to self-assemble into oriented fibers and bundles. Photo-crosslinking with Ru(II) <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow><mml:mtext>bpy</mml:mtext></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> was used to create robust hydrogels that were analyzed by mechanical testing. Interestingly, the minicollagen-1 hydrogels could be dissolved with reducing agents, indicating that ruthenium-mediated photo-crosslinking was able to induce disulfide metathesis to create the hydrogels. Together, this work is an important first step in creating minicollagen-based materials whose properties can be manipulated through static and reconfigurable post-translational modifications.
Aryl Sulfonium Salts for Site‐Selective Late‐Stage Trifluoromethylation (2019)

Incorporation of the CF<sub>3</sub> group into arenes has found increasing importance in drug discovery. Herein, we report the first photoredox-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl thianthrenium salts with a copper-based trifluoromethyl reagent, which enables a site-selective late-stage trifluoromethylation of arenes. The reaction proceeds with broad functional group tolerance, even for complex small molecules on gram scale. The method was further extended to produce pentafluoroethylated derivatives.
Results of the 2016 Entrepreneurship Forum and Start-Up Contest [Industrial Activities] (2017)

Presents information on the RAS society 2016 Entrepreneurship Forum and Start-Up Contest.
ChemInform Abstract: Conformationally Restrained β‐Blocking Oxime Ethers. Part 4. Chiral 2‐(3′‐(5′‐p‐Chlorophenyl)isoxazolidinyl)ethanolamines as Conformationally Restrained Analogues of Methyloxyiminomethyl (MOIM) . beta.‐Adrenergic Antagonists: Synthesis, Configuration, and β‐ Adrenergic Properties. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Role of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase cascade in macrophage killing of<i>Candida albicans</i> (2001)

The pathogenic yeast Candida albicans and its derived molecules stimulate a wide range of macrophage secretory functions and may adapt to escape being killed by this phagocyte. In this study, phagocytosis of C. albicans and of the nonpathogenic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was shown to be associated with phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellularly regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in the absence of significant activation of either p38MAPK or stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase. However, although 80% of endocytosed C. albicans survived after 1 h, 80% of S. cerevisiae cells were killed. Considerable quantitative differences were observed between the two species in the sequential phosphorylation of MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK), extracellularly regulated kinase-1, and 90-kDa-ribosomal S6 kinases. A lower level of activation of the pathway by C. albicans was associated with a species-specific overexpression of the MEK phosphatase MAPK phosphatase (MKP)-1. Killing of both C. albicans and S. cerevisiae could be reduced using PD98059, which mimics MKP-1 and inhibits MEK phosphorylation, suggesting that specific MKP-1 activation by C. albicans could contribute to its ability to escape the yeast lytic potential of macrophages.
Dysregulation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling by protein kinases in hepatocellular carcinoma and its therapeutic application (2021)

Wnt/β-catenin signaling is indispensable for many biological processes, including embryonic development, cell cycle, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. Aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling can promote tumorigenicity and enhance metastatic potential in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Targeting this pathway is a new opportunity for precise medicine for HCC. However, inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling alone is unlikely to significantly improve HCC patient outcome due to the lack of specific inhibitors and the complexity of this pathway. Combination with other therapies will be an important next step in improving the efficacy of Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitors. Protein kinases play a key and evolutionarily conserved role in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and have become one of the most important drug targets in cancer. Targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling and its regulatory kinase together will be a promising HCC management strategy. In this review, we summarize the kinases that modulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in HCC and briefly discuss their molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, we list some small molecules that target the kinases and may inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signaling, to offer new perspectives for preclinical and clinical HCC studies.