gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-time magnetic resonance-guided laser thermal therapy for focal metastatic brain tumors. (2008)

In this ongoing trial, a total of four patients have had six metastatic tumors treated with laser thermal ablations. Magnetic resonance-guided laser-induced thermal therapy appears to provide a new, efficient treatment for recurrent focal metastatic brain disease. This therapy is a prelude to the future development of closed-head interventional MRI techniques in neurosurgery.
Pedestrians and Cyclists’ Intention Estimation for the Purpose of Autonomous Driving (2023)

ABSTRACT: This article provides a systematic review of research articles on pedestrians and cyclists’ intention recognition to be integrated into autonomous vehicles, especially for decision making and motion planning. We firstly describe why the intention recognition of pedestrians and cyclists is suitable and necessary for autonomous vehicles and why they cannot only rely on traffic regulation laws. Then, we summarise, amongst others, the methodology and sensors used by eighteen peerreviewed research articles published in relevant conferences and journals. We performed a systematic review of articles of the last 10 years from the following databases: IEEE Xplore, Science Direct, ACM digital library, Springer Link, MDPI and Web of Science. We observe from the collected articles that most of them are relying on several sensors, with a predominance including video. They mostly try to obtain the probability of crossing or the trajectory of the pedestrian/cyclist, mostly using a Recurrent Neural Network. In addition to their algorithmic contribution, 4 studies also provide a dataset. We conclude this article by talking about the remaining open challenges.
Language combinations of multilinguals are reflected in their first-language knowledge and processing (2023)

Consequences of multilingualism vary from offering cognitive benefits to poor educational and cognitive outcomes. One aspect of multilingualism that has not been systematically examined is the typology of multilinguals' languages: Do differences and similarities between languages multilinguals are exposed to contribute to the development of their cognition and brain? We investigated n = 162 5-6-year-olds with various language backgrounds on a monolingual-to-quintilingual continuum. Our results show that typological linguistic diversity can be related to expressive vocabulary knowledge in the dominant language. On neural level, it relates to brain activation patterns in (among others) the PGa area in the bilateral IPL, a brain region previously associated with multilingual experience, but never with language typology. We propose an ecologically valid way of describing the continuum of multilingual language experience and provide evidence for both the cognition and the brain of multilingual kindergartners to be related to the typological linguistic diversity of their environment.
Effects of HIV-1 infection on lymphocyte phenotypes in blood versus lymph nodes. (2005)

Most immunopathogenesis studies of HIV-1 use peripheral blood. Most lymphocytes reside in lymphoid tissues, however, and the extent to which blood mirrors tissues is unclear. Here, we analyze lymphocytes in blood and lymph nodes of HIV-1-uninfected and -infected persons. Baseline comparison of node and blood lymphocytes in seronegative persons demonstrates a lower ratio of CD8+ versus CD4+ T lymphocytes, a lower number of effector cells (CD28-) within the CD8+ compartment, and greater activation (D-receptor [DR+]) within the CD4+ compartment. In infected versus uninfected persons, nodes exhibit elevated CD8+ T lymphocytes with an increased memory-effector phenotype (CD62L-/CD45RA-) and activation (CD38+ and DR+) but minimal differences in the CD4+ compartment. Changes attributable to HIV-1 infection are markedly greater in node lymphocytes than in blood. Comparisons of CD8+ T-lymphocyte parameters and viremia in infected persons reveal positive correlations of CD38+ expression on cells in blood and nodes and a negative correlation of terminal effector cells (CD62L-/CD45RA+) in the nodes to viremia. Multiple linear regression analysis indicates that CD38 expression on node (not blood) CD8+ T lymphocytes is the sole independent predictor for viremia. Thus, blood indirectly reflects processes in lymphoid tissues, and caution should be applied when interpreting immunopathogenesis studies of blood.
Mechanisms of the contextual interference effect in individuals poststroke (2011)

Although intermixing different motor learning tasks via random schedules enhances long-term retention compared with "blocked" schedules, the mechanism underlying this contextual interference effect has been unclear. Furthermore, previous studies have reported inconclusive results in individuals poststroke. We instructed participants to learn to produce three grip force patterns in either random or blocked schedules and measured the contextual interference effect by long-term forgetting: the change in performance between immediate and 24-h posttests. Nondisabled participants exhibited the contextual interference effect: no forgetting in the random condition but forgetting in the blocked condition. Participants at least 3 mo poststroke exhibited no forgetting in the random condition but marginal forgetting in the blocked condition. However, in participants poststroke, the integrity of visuospatial working memory modulated long-term retention after blocked schedule training: participants with poor visuospatial working memory exhibited little forgetting at 24 h. These counterintuitive results were predicted by a computational model of motor memory that contains a common fast process and multiple slow processes, which are competitively updated by motor errors. In blocked schedules, the fast process quickly improved performance, therefore reducing error-driven update of the slow processes and thus poor long-term retention. In random schedules, interferences in the fast process led to slower change in performance, therefore increasing error-driven update of slow processes and thus good long-term retention. Increased forgetting rates in the fast process, as would be expected in individuals with visuospatial working memory deficits, led to small updates of the fast process during blocked schedules and thus better long-term retention.
Analytical models for low-power rectenna design (2005)

The design of a low-cost rectenna for low-power applications is presented. The rectenna is designed with the use of analytical models and closed-form analytical expressions. This allows for a fast design of the rectenna system. To acquire a small-area rectenna, a layered design is proposed. Measurements indicate the validity range of the analytical models.
Synthesis and characterization of a series of diverse poly(2‐oxazoline)s (2009)

Abstract This article describes the synthesis and characterization of a variety of new poly(2‐oxazoline)s. With regard to functional polymers, 2‐oxazolines represent an interesting class of monomers because of the easy variation of the substituent in 2‐position. Starting from the corresponding nitriles, different 2‐oxazolines were obtained containing a diverse set of 2‐substituents, including thioether bonds ( M11 ), trifluoromethyl groups ( M8 , M10 ), and alkyl‐ or aryl groups ( M1 – M7 ). The subsequent polymerization of the majority of these monomers proceeded in a living manner, which was demonstrated by linear first‐order kinetics, a linear increase of molar mass with conversion, and relatively narrow molar mass distributions. In addition, selected thermal and surface properties of the polymers were studied utilizing DSC and contact‐angle measurements to determine the effects of different 2‐substituents on the macroscopic properties. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 3829–3838, 2009
Impact of honey on dental erosion and adhesion of early bacterial colonizers (2018)

The aim was to investigate if honey causes erosion and if salivary pellicle modified with honey, or its components, or the by-product propolis has a protective effect against dental erosion and adhesion of early bacterial colonizers. The tested substances were: 3 types of honey, methylglyoxal (MGO), hydrogen peroxide, propolis. First in the erosion experiment, 120 human enamel specimens were covered with salivary pellicle and modified with the substances. Then they were eroded with 1% citric acid, pH 3.6 for 2 min, before surface hardness was measured. In the microbiological assay, the enamel specimens (n = 126) covered with modified salivary pellicle were contaminated with bacterial suspensions. The antimicrobial activity of each substance and their effect on early bacterial colonizer adhesion and biofilm formation were determined. Despite a low pH, honey did not cause erosion. On the other hand, pellicle modification with the tested solutions did not protect the enamel from erosion. Microbiologically, the 3 honeys inhibited species-specific growth of oral bacteria. Propolis decreased initial attachment of Streptococcus gordonii, while one honey inhibited demineralization of enamel by biofilm. In conclusion, pellicle modification with honey, or its components, or propolis did neither protect against erosion nor promote it. Propolis presented some bacterial adhesion inhibition.
Business Control and Decision Making (BCDM): A One-Stop-Shop Methodology and Tool for Accurate Business Engagement (2014)

Faculty of Engineering,Jerusalem College ofTechnology (JCT), IsraelEmail: karsenty@jct.ac.ilAbstract Whenever a business opportunity emerges, anycompany’s management (i.e.: marketing staff, financialofficers, legal advisers etc.) has to assess the viability of theopportunity. This may be done through analysis based onfinancial measures such as the expected Return-On-Investment (ROI) or other business measures. The purposeof the assessment is aimed at eliminating any non-profitable/non-desirable business engagement.In today’s dynamic business environment with intensivecompetition the dilemma is quite simple: On one hand thereis a need to perform a thorough background analysis,resulting in a high cost and time consuming efforts. On theother hand, the faster the relevant analysis is completednaturally the chances to achieve the business opportunity ismuch better (for example; to sign a contract with a customerbefore the competitors do or to submit a winning proposalin a public tender). Sometimes management’s due to variousreasons such as lengthy procedures and\or time pressuresdecisions are based on intuition and not on systematicanalysis which may lead to wrong decisions. In other words,the Business Engagement Process (BEP) has to be optimizedand accessible since it may impact both, the businessopportunity approval by management and the realizationflow (Exploration, Research, Development, Qualification,Execution, and Customer Support).The conclusion is that in a dynamic business environmentthere is a need for a Generic and State-Of-The-ArtMethodology, based on available Automatic Tool a One-stop-shop supporting the Go/No Go Decision made bymanagement. In this article, we present a generic tooldeveloped through an empirical case study in the ITC sector(Information, Communication Technology). This tool basedon mathematical models transformed into simplequestionnaires, may be applicable to many other types ofbusinesses, hopefully upgrading the BEP from theexploration phase to the Decision Making execution phase.Keywords  Business Opportunity (BO), BusinessEngagement Process (BEP), Return-On-Investment (ROI),Benchmarking, Decision Making.
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships as Useful Tools for the Design of New Adenosine Receptor Ligands. 1. Agonist (2006)

In order to minimize expensive drug failures it is essential to determine the potential biological activity of new candidates as early as possible. In view of the large libraries of nucleoside analogues that are now being handled in organic synthesis, the identification of a drugs biological activity is advisable even before synthesis and this can be achieved using predictive biological activity methods. In this sense, computer aided rational drug design strategies like Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSAR) or docking approaches have emerged as promising tools. Although a large number of in silico approaches have been described in the literature for the prediction of different biological activities, the use of traditional QSAR applications in the development of new agonist molecules with affinity toward adenosine receptors is scarce. This review attempts to summarize the current level of knowledge concerning computational affinity predictions for adenosine receptors using QSAR models based on knowledge of the agonist ligands. Several computational protocols and different 2D and 3D descriptors have been described in the literature for these targets, but more effort is still required in this area.
Influenza Nucleoprotein: Promising Target for Antiviral Chemotherapy (2012)

In the search for new anti-influenza agents, the viral polymerase has often been targeted due to the involvement of multiple conserved proteins and their distinct activities. Polymerase associates with each of the eight singled-stranded negative-sense viral RNA segments. These transcriptionally competent segments are coated with multiple copies of nucleoprotein (NP) to form the ribonucleoprotein. NP is an abundant essential protein, possessing operative and structural functions, and participating in genome organization, nuclear trafficking and RNA transcription and replication. This review examines the NP structure and function, and explores NP as an emerging target for anti-influenza drug development, focusing on recently discovered aryl piperazine amide inhibitor chemotypes.
Fatigue Crack Imaging of V-Notched Specimen using X-Ray Tomography (2019)

The aim of this research is to investigate fatigue damage in a V-notched specimen machined from ZK60-T5 magnesium extrusion. V-notched Specimens were loaded at different stress amplitude to cover life range between 17×10^3 and 13×10^6 cycles. One sample was selected for x-ray tomographic analysis, therefore, the test on this sample was interrupted 14 times to perform x-ray imaging. Segmentation analysis of these images suggests an exponential crack area growth with cycling. Strain energy density approach was used successfully to consolidate fatigue life data of un-notched and V-notched specimens in a single narrow scatter band.
Short-Term Terrain Diffraction Measurements From L- to Q-Band: Results and Analysis (2014)

In response to the current need for a reliable interference and frequency coordination analysis, especially within the ground segment of satellite systems, atmospheric refraction and terrain diffraction phenomena play a key role from a radiowave propagation point of view. While it is convenient to use an ITU-R model for the case of the atmospheric refraction, several different types of models for terrain diffraction are identified in the literature. On the other hand, only a limited amount of experimental data is globally available to address their performance. This is why we carried out own short-term terrain diffraction measurements at the frequencies from L- to Q-band. During the trials, truck-mounted access platforms reaching up to 46 m above ground level were used and terrain profiles with path lengths from 7 km up to 50 km for various combinations of transmitter and receiver heights were addressed. Based on the obtained experimental dataset, the performance of the delta-Bullington and Deygout models, currently recommended by the ITU-R for the purposes of interference analysis, and the terrain diffraction models based on the UTD and parabolic equation approach has been addressed in terms of the testing variable defined in this paper.
5-Chloro-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1,3-benzothiazole (2012)

In the title compound, C(16)H(14)ClNO(3)S, the dihedral angle between the almost-planar benzothia-zole ring system [maximum deviation = 0.012 (3) Å] and the aromatic ring of the trimeth-oxy-phenyl group is 15.56 (6)°. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are arranged into layers parallel to the bc plane, held together only by weak van der Waals forces.
Disconnect between Fibrotic Response and Right Ventricular Dysfunction (2018)

<b>Rationale:</b> Remodeling and fibrosis of the right ventricle (RV) may cause RV dysfunction and poor survival in patients with pulmonary hypertension. <b>Objectives:</b> To investigate the consequences of RV fibrosis modulation and the accompanying cellular changes on RV function. <b>Methods:</b> Expression of fibrotic markers was assessed in the RV of patients with pulmonary hypertension, the murine pulmonary artery banding, and rat monocrotaline and Sugen5416/hypoxia models. Invasive hemodynamic and echocardiographic assessment was performed on galectin-3 knockout or inhibitor-treated mice. <b>Measurements and Main Results:</b> Established fibrosis was characterized by marked expression of galectin-3 and an enhanced number of proliferating RV fibroblasts. Galectin-3 genetic and pharmacologic inhibition or antifibrotic treatment with pirfenidone significantly diminished RV fibrosis progression in the pulmonary artery banding model, without improving RV functional parameters. RV fibrotic regions were populated with mesenchymal cells coexpressing vimentin and PDGFRα (platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α), but generally lacked αSMA (α-smooth muscle actin) positivity. Serum levels of galectin-3 were increased in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension but did not correlate with cardiac function. No changes of galectin-3 expression were observed in the lungs. <b>Conclusions:</b> We identified extrapulmonary galectin-3 as an important mediator that drives RV fibrosis in pulmonary hypertension through the expansion of PDGFRα/vimentin-expressing cardiac fibroblasts. However, interventions effectively targeting fibrosis lack significant beneficial effects on RV function.
Deciphering the Parts List for the Mechanical Plant (2012)

The development of inexpensive DNA sequencing technologies has revolutionized all aspects of biological research. The proliferation of plant genome sequences, in conjunction with the parallel development of robust tools for directed genetic manipulation, has given momentum and credibility to the goal of understanding several model plants as the sum of their parts. A broad inventory of the functions and interrelationships of the parts is currently under way, and the first steps toward computer models of processes have emerged. These approaches also provide a framework for the mechanistic basis of plant diversity. It is hoped that rapid progress in this endeavor will facilitate timely responses to expanding demand for food, feed, fiber, fuel, and ecosystem services in a period of climate change.
Rate-Optimized Power Allocation For Ofdm Transmission With Multiple Df/Regenerative Relays And Individual Power Constraints (2009)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Glasgow, Scotland, 2009
Inhibition of mitochondria ATP synthase suppresses prostate cancer growth through reduced insulin‐like growth factor‐1 secretion by prostate stromal cells (2020)

Modulation of prostate stromal cells (PrSCs) within tumor tissues is gaining attention for the treatment of solid tumors. Using our original in vitro coculture system, we previously reported that leucinostatin (LCS)-A, a peptide mycotoxin, inhibited prostate cancer DU-145 cell growth through reduction of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) expression in PrSCs. To further obtain additional bioactive compounds from LCS-A, we designed and synthesized a series of LCS-A derivatives as compounds that target PrSCs. Among the synthesized LCS-A derivatives, LCS-7 reduced IGF-I expression in PrSCs with lower toxicity to PrSCs and mice than LCS-A. As LCS-A has been suggested to interact with mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase, a docking study was performed to elucidate the mechanism of reduced IGF-I expression in the PrSCs. As expected, LCS-A and LCS-7 directly interacted with mitochondrial ATP synthase, and like LCS-A and LCS-7, other mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitors also reduced the expression of IGF-I by PrSCs. Furthermore, LCS-A and LCS-7 significantly decreased the growth of mouse xenograft tumors. Based on these data, we propose that the mitochondrial ATP synthases-IGF-I axis of PrSCs plays a critical role on cancer cell growth and inhibition could be a potential anticancer target for prostate cancer.
Expression of epiregulin and amphiregulin and K-RAS mutation status predict disease control in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with cetuximab (Erbitux ®) (2007)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 14-18, 2007; Los Angeles, CA

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The anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody cetuximab shows activity in multiple epithelial tumor types; however, responses are seen in only a subset of patients. Whereas EGFR protein levels and EGFR mutations do not correlate with response to cetuximab in colorectal cancer (CRC), it is unclear whether an increased number of gene copies for EGFR may be predictive. This study was conducted to identify predictive markers that can be used for the selection of patients most likely to respond to cetuximab treatment. One hundred eleven patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were enrolled in a clinical trial of cetuximab monotherapy. Transcriptional profiling was conducted on RNA from pre-treatment metastatic site biopsies obtained from all patients to identify genes whose expression correlates with best clinical responses. EGFR , B-RAF and K-RAS mutation analyses and EGFR gene copy number analyses were performed on DNA from the pre-treatment biopsies. Analysis of gene expression profiles of pre-treatment tumor biopsies showed that patients with tumors that express high levels of the EGFR ligands epiregulin and amphiregulin are more likely to have disease control (complete or partial response, stable disease) with cetuximab therapy ( EREG p = 1.5e-05; AREG p = 2.5e-05). In addition, patients whose tumors do not have K-RAS mutations have a significantly higher disease control rate than those with K-RAS mutations (p= 0.0003). Furthermore, patients with tumors that have high gene expression levels of EREG or AREG were found to have a significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) time ( EREG Log-Rank p = 0.0002, HR 0.47, 95% CI 0.24-0.64 and median PFS 103.5 days vs 57 days; AREG Log-Rank p < 0.0001, HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.20-0.57 and median PFS 115.5 days vs 57 days). In conclusion, patients with tumors that have high gene expression levels of epiregulin and amphiregulin and patients with wild type K-RAS were identified as those most likely to have disease control on treatment with cetuximab. The identified predictive markers should be developed further to select patients for cetuximab therapy.
Advances in 4D Printing of Shape-Memory Materials: Current Status and Developments (2022)

The next generation 3D printing is now termed as four-dimensional (4D) printing technology that involves the printing of complex geometries with smart materials. The rise of 4D technological developments leads to finding modern production techniques and new materials. Under this context, 4D printing of shape-memory alloys (SMAs), shape-memory polymers (SMPs), and composites have opened up the possibility of systems for self-assembly, self-healing, and changes in material properties. The development in shape-memory materials, their deformation mechanisms, and mathematical modeling has promoted the research area of 4D printing. The present chapter covers a detailed discussion of various 3D- and 4D-printing additive manufacturing techniques. The shape-memory mechanism of SMAs and SMPs along with recent advancements in 4D printing is screened. The chapter also presents the challenging aspect in 4D printing of SMAs/SMPs and its application in various fields. Further, in outlook we have also briefed the materials, physics, and technologies covered in different chapters of the book.