gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic studies of low-abundance human plasma proteins. VI. Polymorphism of hemopexin. (1987)

An analytical isoelectric focusing method in 3 M urea followed by immunoblotting has been devised to detect genetic and biochemical variation in the glycoprotein hemopexin (HPX) in human plasma or serum. HPX reveals extensive microheterogeneity with multiple major and minor components that are susceptible to neuraminidase treatment, suggesting that the observed biochemical variation is due to differences in sialic acid content between HPX isoproteins. However, charge differences that persist in HPX isoproteins following neuraminidase treatment suggest the presence of genetically determined HPX variation, and this is confirmed by population and family studies. HPX was found to be monomorphic, with an invariant pattern, in U.S. whites; but it is polymorphic in U.S. blacks, with three alleles controlled by a single locus, a situation that demonstrates an autosomal codominant pattern of inheritance. The HPX 1, HPX 2, and HPX 3 allele frequencies in U.S. blacks are .941, .018, and .041, respectively.
Image scanning ellipsometry for measuring nonuniform film thickness profiles (1994)

A novel technique to measure the two-dimensional (2-D) thickness profile of a nonuniform, thin film, from several nanometers to several micrometers, in a steady state as well as in a transient state has been developed and tested. Image scanning ellipsometry (ISE) is a full-field imaging technique that one can use to study every point on the surface simultaneously with high spatial resolution and thickness sensitivity, i.e., it can measure and map the 2-D film thickness profile. The primary purpose of this paper is to present the basic concept of ISE and a demonstration of its use.
NOISE AND THERMAL STABILITY OF VIBRATING MICRO-GYROMETERS PREAMPLIFIERS (2008)

The preamplifier is a critical component of gyrometer’s electronics. Indeed the resolution of the sensor is limited by its signal to noise ratio, and the gyrometer’s thermal stability is limited by its gain drift. In this paper, five different kinds of preamplifiers are presented and compared. Finally, the design of an integrated preamplifier is shown in order to increase the gain stability while reducing its noise and size. 1.
All-Optical Serial Multicast Mode and Experiment (2007)

A novel all-optical serial multicast mode is proposed and experimentally researched in this paper. It can implement the storage, duplication, and serial export of the optical multicast packets and increase the multicast success ratio.
Factorial experimental design on synthesis of functional core/shell polymeric nanoparticles via differential microemulsion polymerization (2009)

Abstract Functionalized core/shell nanoparticles of the co‐polymer of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) could be polymerized by differential microemulsion polymerization, using a small amount of surfactant (the weight ratio of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/monomer is 1 : 24). The core/shell nanoparticles have a high conversion, high molecular weight, and small particle size (25–30 nm). The statistical analysis indicated that SDS, water, and the interactionbetween SDS and water have a significant positive interaction between the MMA conversion to form the core nanoparticles. For the core‐shell polymer, [GMA], [GMA]*[SDS], and [GMA]* [water] have significant negative effects on conversion; whereas [SDS] and [water], [SDS]*[water] and [GMA]*[SDS]*[water] have positive effects on the conversion to form core/shell nanoparticles. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Lanthanide‐Coordinated Semiconducting Polymer Dots Used for Flow Cytometry and Mass Cytometry (2017)

Abstract Simultaneous monitoring of biomarkers as well as single‐cell analyses based on flow cytometry and mass cytometry are important for investigations of disease mechanisms, drug discovery, and signaling‐network studies. Flow cytometry and mass cytometry are complementary to each other; however, probes that can satisfy all the requirements for these two advanced technologies are limited. In this study, we report a probe of lanthanide‐coordinated semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots), which possess fluorescence and mass signals. We demonstrated the usage of this dual‐functionality probe for both flow cytometry and mass cytometry in a mimetic cell mixture and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells as model systems. The probes not only offer high fluorescence signal for use in flow cytometry, but also show better performance in mass cytometry than the commercially available counterparts.
In vitro effects of hematopoietic growth factors on the proliferation, endoreplication, and maturation of human megakaryocytes (1991)

A liquid culture technique was used to study regulation of human megakaryocytopoiesis in vitro. Low-density cells from adult bone marrow were cultured in the presence of normal plasma, plasma from patients with aplastic marrows (AP), recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) and interleukin-3 (IL-3). Megakaryocytes (MK) were studied at day 10 of culture by a two-color staining technique using a pool of monoclonal antibodies for their identification and propidium iodide to label DNA. Their ploidy distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. In some experiments cytoplasmic maturation was also studied by ultrastructural techniques. Normal plasma provides a low number of MK with a ploidy distribution including 8 N and 16 N MK. AP promoted in a dose-dependent manner proliferation of MK and some batches favored endoreplication. This effect was clearly demonstrated when ploidy distribution was compared between normal plasma and AP on parallel marrow cultures. However, ploidy distribution was shifted toward low values compared with uncultured MK. rhGM-CSF had no significant effect on these two parameters. In contrast, rhIL-3 from 0.1 U/mL to 100 U/mL had a proliferative effect but was unable to induce endoreplication. Furthermore, when associated with AP it totally abrogated the effect of AP on endoreplication because in most experiments more than 90% of MK were 2 N and 4 N. This effect was also observed when rhIL-3 was added after 7 days of culture (when it has little proliferative effects). Studies of the maturation of MK grown with rhIL-3 indicate that the majority were small mature cells synthesizing alpha-granules and demarcation membranes. The effect of AP on MK proliferation and endoreplication was not related to IL-6 because its IL-6 content was identical to that of normal plasma and its neutralization did not modify these parameters. In conclusion, this study indicates that liquid culture technique in association with flow cytometry could be a powerful tool in identifying the humoral regulators of human megakaryocytopoiesis.
Novel Photolithography Yield-Enhancement Technique: Megasonic-Enhanced Development (2010)

MEMS-specific processes required to adapt standard IC manufacturing technologies in order to accommodate its custom requirements. Photolithography is one of the standard techniques which had to adapt particularly to the use of thick resists needed for high aspect ratio features fabrication. In order to work with resist thickness varying between few tens and up to few hundreds of micrometers the standard process flow had to be changed to multiple-layers coating, customized (and very long) baking times, special exposure techniques and development. This paper introduces a megasonic-enhanced method used for developing resists. In case of MEMS applications this method brings not only a major yield improvement (better quality features) but also a major decrease of process time.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Inflammatory Processes Triggered by &lt;i&gt;Helicobacter pylori&lt;/i&gt; Infection Cause Aberrant DNA Methylation in Gastric Epithelial Cells (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Inflammatory Processes Triggered by &lt;i&gt;Helicobacter pylori&lt;/i&gt; Infection Cause Aberrant DNA Methylation in Gastric Epithelial Cells
Crosswell seismic imaging in three dimensions (1998)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1998Crosswell seismic imaging in three dimensionsAuthors: John K. WashbourneJames W. RectorJohn K. WashbourneTomoSeis, Inc. and James W. RectorUniversity of California, Berkeleyhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820420 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820420FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited BySeparation and application of shear wave in 3C crosswell seismic dataGuohua Wei, XianJun Meng, Qingfeng Kong, SongHui Lin, and Jianjun Zuo19 August 2013 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1998ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1998 Pages: 2092 publication data© 1998 Copyright © 1998 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 06 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION John K. Washbourne and James W. Rector, III, (1998), "Crosswell seismic imaging in three dimensions," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 334-337. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820420 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Complementary Absorbing Star‐Shaped Small Molecules for the Preparation of Ternary Cascade Energy Structures in Organic Photovoltaic Cells (2012)

Abstract Two anthracene‐based star‐shaped conjugated small molecules, 5′,5″‐(9,10‐bis((4‐hexylphenyl)ethynyl)anthracene‐2,6‐diyl)bis(5‐hexyl‐2,2′‐bithiophene), HBantHBT, and 5′,5″‐(9,10‐bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene‐2,6‐diyl)bis(5‐hexyl‐2,2′‐bithiophene), BantHBT, are used as electron‐cascade donor materials by incorporating them into organic photovoltaic cells prepared using a poly((5,5‐E‐alpha‐((2‐thienyl)methylene)‐2‐thiopheneacetonitrile)‐alt‐2,6‐[(1,5‐didecyloxy)naphthalene])) (PBTADN):[6,6]‐phenyl‐C71‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC 71 BM) blend. The small molecules penetrate the PBTADN:PC 71 BM blend layer to yield complementary absorption spectra through appropriate energy level alignment and optimal domain sizes for charge carrier transfer. A high short‐circuit current ( J SC ) and fill factor (FF) are obtained using solar cells prepared with the ternary blend. The highest photovoltaic performance of the PBTADN: BantHBT :PC 71 BM blend solar cells is characterized by a J SC of 11.0 mA cm −2 , an open circuit voltage ( V OC ) of 0.91 V, a FF of 56.4%, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.6% under AM1.5G illumination (with a high intensity of 100 mW −2 ). The effects of the small molecules on the ternary blend are investigated by comparison with the traditional poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT):[6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC 61 BM) system.
Effects of in- And anti-phase bonding and type of dopant on the microstructures of nano-scaled interface and electrical properties of N/P-type GaAs wafers (at and below 600°C) (2005)

The important role on the electrical performance of nano-scaled oxide interface in wafer bonding has been neglected in some work. In this study, the electrical characteristics and microstructures of in- and anti-phase bonded interfaces in both n and p-type (100) GaAs wafers treated at 450, 500, and 600 °C have been investigated in detail. It was found that n-GaAs did not bond directly to itself, but via an amorphous oxide layer at 450, and 500 °C respectively. The non-linear behavior of current versus voltage can be understood in terms of the potential barrier formed at the interface. Both experiments and theoretical calculations are presented. When treated temperature was equal to 600 °C, the morphology of nano-scaled oxide bonded interface varied dramatically in the sample being bonded in-phase for the n-type. Similar behavior occurred for the p-type but at much lower temperature. It was also found that electrical performance is closely related to the variation of nano-sized interface microstructure. Both the phase of bonding and type of wafer affect the distribution of oxide in the interface at different treated temperatures and therefore the associated electrical performance.
Animal- Touch'n Go for Wildlife-Borne Devices (2018)

This paper presents the author's vision of Animal- Touch'n Go (ATG) for Wildlife-Borne Devices (WBD). Based on recent advances in human computer interaction technologies, we have been developing a remote interactive system to promote the application of a WBD to ATG action at a designated location near a monitoring station.
Electroclinic Polymer (2016)

In the past, aggregation and self-assembly have been associated principally with micellar and colloidal systems of molecules; however, with the advent of supramolecular chemistry, molecular self-assembly has been opened to a much wider understanding that has facilitated access to a variety of different shapes and sizes, along with the construction of new and fascinating molecular topologies. This document aims at defining more than 150 terms related to aggregation and self-assembly in the particular case of macromolecules. The list is restricted to the most commonly encountered terms.
Characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised adults with COVID-19 in a Global Health Research Network: a cohort study (2021)

This study provided valuable information on the temporal trends of characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised adult COVID-19 patients in both USA and ex-USA. It also described the population at a potentially greater risk for worse clinical outcomes by identifying the age and gender differences. Together, the information could inform the prevention and treatment strategies of COVID-19. Furthermore, it can be used to raise public awareness of COVID-19's impact on vulnerable populations.
New Directions for High-Q Micro Cavities (2013)

It is now possible to achieve optical Q factors or nearly 1 billion using silica devices on silicon. The application of these devices for new lasers, micro combs, and microwave generation will be reviewed.
Real-Time Camera Localization during Robot-Assisted Telecystoscopy for Bladder Cancer Surveillance (2022)

Telecystoscopy can lower the barrier to access critical urologic diagnostics for patients around the world. A major challenge for robotic control of flexible cystoscopes and intuitive teleoperation is the pose estimation of the scope tip. We propose a novel real-time camera localization method using video recordings from a prior cystoscopy and 3D bladder reconstruction to estimate cystoscope pose within the bladder during follow-up telecystoscopy. We map prior video frames into a low-dimensional space as a dictionary so that a new image can be likewise mapped to efficiently retrieve its nearest neighbor among the dictionary images. The cystoscope pose is then estimated by the correspondence among the new image, its nearest dictionary image, and the prior model from 3D reconstruction. We demonstrate performance of our methods using bladder phantoms with varying fidelity and a servo-controlled cystoscope to simulate the use case of bladder surveillance through telecystoscopy. The servo-controlled cystoscope with 3 degrees of freedom (angulation, roll, and insertion axes) was developed for collecting cystoscope videos from bladder phantoms. Cystoscope videos were acquired in a 2.5D bladder phantom (bladder-shape cross-section plus height) with a panorama of a urothelium attached to the inner surface. Scans of the 2.5D phantom were performed in separate arc trajectories each of which is generated by actuation on the angulation with a fixed roll and insertion length. We further included variance in moving speed, imaging distance and existence of bladder tumors. Cystoscope videos were also acquired in a water-filled 3D silicone bladder phantom with hand-painted vasculature. Scans of the 3D phantom were performed in separate circle trajectories each of which is generated by actuation on the roll axis under a fixed angulation and insertion length. These videos were used to create 3D reconstructions, dictionary sets, and test data sets for evaluating the computational efficiency and accuracy of our proposed method in comparison with a method based on global Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) features, named SIFT-only. Our method can retrieve the nearest dictionary image for 94–100% of test frames in under 55[Formula: see text]ms per image, whereas the SIFT-only method can only find the image match for 56–100% of test frames in 6000–40000[Formula: see text]ms per image depending on size of the dictionary set and richness of SIFT features in the images. Our method, with a speed of around 20 Hz for the retrieval stage, is a promising tool for real-time image-based scope localization in robotic cystoscopy when prior cystoscopy images are available.
Self-Assembled Solute Networks in Crowded Electrolyte Solutions and Nanoconfinement of Charged Redoxmer Molecules (2020)

Redoxmers are electrochemically active organic molecules storing charge and energy in electrolyte fluids circulating through redox flow batteries (RFBs). Such molecules typically have solvent-repelling cores and solvent-attracting pendant groups introduced to increase solubility in liquid electrolytes. These two features can facilitate nanoscale aggregation of the redoxmer molecules in crowded solutions. In some cases, this aggregation leads to the emergence of continuous networks of solute molecules in contact, and the solution becomes microscopically heterogeneous. Here, we use small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and molecular dynamics modeling to demonstrate formation of such networks and examine structural factors controlling this self-assembly. We also show that salt ions become excluded from these solute aggregates into small pockets of electrolytes, where these ions strongly associate. This confinement by exclusion is also likely to occur to charged redoxmer molecules in a "sea" of neutral precursors coexisting in the same solution. Here, we demonstrate that the decay lifetime of the confined charged molecules in such solutions can increase several fold compared to dilute solutions. We attribute this behavior to a "microreactor effect" on reverse reactions of the confined species during their decomposition.
Catechol Estrogen 4-Hydroxyequilenin Is a Substrate and an Inhibitor of Catechol-<i>O</i>-Methyltransferase (2003)

Redox and/or electrophilic metabolites formed during estrogen metabolism may play a role in estrogen carcinogenesis. 4-Hydroxyequilenin (4-OHEN) is the major phase I catechol metabolite of the equine estrogens equilenin and equilin, which are components of the most widely prescribed estrogen replacement formulation, Premarin. Previously, we have found that 4-OHEN rapidly autoxidized to an o-quinone in vitro and caused toxic effects such as the inactivation of human detoxification enzymes. 4-OHEN has also been shown to be a substrate for catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) in human breast cancer cells. In the present study, we demonstrated that 4-OHEN was not only a substrate of recombinant human soluble COMT in vitro with a K(m) of 2.4 microM and k(cat) of 6.0 min(-)(1) but it also inhibited its own methylation by COMT at higher concentrations in the presence of the reducing agent dithiothreitol. In addition, 4-OHEN was found to be an irreversible inhibitor of COMT-catalyzed methylation of the endogenous catechol estrogen 4-hydroxyestradiol with a K(i) of 26.0 microM and a k(2) of 1.62 x 10(-)(2) s(-)(1). 4-OHEN in vitro not only caused the formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds as demonstrated by gel electrophoresis, but electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry also showed that 4-OHEN alkylated multiple residues of COMT. Peptide mapping experiments further indicated that Cys33 in recombinant human soluble COMT was the residue most likely modified by 4-OHEN in vitro. These data suggest that inhibition of COMT methylation by 4-OHEN might reduce endogenous catechol estrogen clearance in vivo and further enhance toxicity.
The clinical relevance of tumor RAS/TP53 dual mutation in early and metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). (2022)

3540 Background: The relevance of individual RAS (KRAS and NRAS) and TP53 mutations in CRC is well described, but the impact of the combination of both mutations together is less understood. RAS/TP53-mutant (mut) patients (pts) were selected in FOCUS 4-C for treatment with Adavosertib (Wee1 inhibitor) due to hypothesised sensitivity due to replication stress and loss of cell cycle checkpoint control. Initial analyses in CRC suggest that RAS/TP53-mut pts may be prognostically distinct from either mutation alone. Here we examine the impact of RAS/TP53-mut status in both early stage and metastatic CRC (mCRC). Methods: RAS and TP53 mutational status were assessed by whole gene targeted NGS or PCR in hotspot regions. Pts with RAS/TP53 status in the following studies were included after exclusion of BRAF-V600E mutants and MSI-H cases: for early-stage, QUASAR2 trial (N = 408) and an Australian community cohort (N = 654); for mCRC, FOCUS (N = 373) and FOCUS4 (N = 721). Biomarker prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcome data in the RAS/TP53-mut group were compared to pts not showing dual RAS/TP53-mut. Results: The prevalence of RAS/TP53-mut was greater in mCRC compared to early CRC (43.9% vs 25.4% respectively, p &lt; 0.001). In early-stage (II &amp; III) cohorts combined, RAS/TP53-mut pts were more likely to be female, have a right-sided primary tumour, and involved lymph nodes. In early CRC RAS/TP53-mut pts had worse outcome: DFS HR = 1.49[1.19-1.88], p = 0.001, and OS HR = 1.48[1.16-1.89], p = 0.001. In FOCUS, RAS/TP53-mut mCRC pts had inferior PFS with 1 st line chemotherapy than not dual RAS/TP53-mut: 6.9 vs 8.6 months (HR = 1.44[1.17-1.79], p = 0.001), and also shorter post-progression survival (HR = 1.49, p = 0.001), and overall survival (14.9 vs 18.9 mths [HR = 1.60, p &lt; 0.0005]). Consistently, during 16 weeks of induction chemotherapy for mCRC pts in FOCUS4, 27.4% of RAS/TP53-mut pts had progressive disease, compared with 18.4% in not dual RAS/TP53-mut; PFS from study registration was reduced in RAS/TP53-mut (5.3 vs 6.1 mths;HR = 1.53[1.22-1.94],p &lt; 0.001), but no statistically significant difference in OS (13.6 vs 17.6 mths;HR = 1.27,p = 0.23). Outcomes by each of the four biomarker groups (RAS/TP53 dual mut; RASwt/TP53mut; RASmut/TP53 wt; RAS/TP53 dual wt) will be presented but in all cases the dual mut subgroup had the worst outcomes compared to the other three groups, marginally better than BRAF-V600E CRC. Conclusions: RAS/TP53 dual mutation status provides useful and readily available prognostic information in both early and mCRC, independent of MSI and BRAF status. It is associated with increased risk of recurrence in early CRC, and a higher risk of chemotherapy resistance and inferior outcomes in mCRC. Evaluation of treatment strategies in this sizeable patient group and further understanding of the underlying mechanism of poor outcomes are urgently required.