gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of SelfâReported Joint Pain among New York Farmers (2003)

Data from the telephone interview portion of the New York State Farm Family Health and Hazard Surveillance Project were used to study the prevalence and predictors of joint pain in a cohort of farmers and farm residents. The participants were owner/operators, workers, and residents from a representative sample of farms from 12 New York counties. A total of 1706 participants completed a telephone interview on musculoskeletal conditions. Joint trouble was defined as self-reported aches, pain, or discomfort in the past year in each of five different joint areas. The 12-month prevalence of joint trouble was: lower back 41%, neck/shoulders 35%, knees 29%, hands/wrists 28%, and hips 15%. Using logistic regression modeling, significant risk factors for joint trouble were identified (p < 0.05). Older age and being female increased the risk of aches, pain, or discomfort in most joints. Being the owner/operator increased the risk of neck/shoulder and lower back trouble, and being a worker increased the risk of neck/shoulder trouble. Doing tractor work was associated with trouble in all five joint areas, and milking was associated with knee trouble. These findings indicate that personal risk factors and the intensity and nature of the farm work contribute to joint trouble. Ergonomic improvements to tractors and milking facilities should be a high priority.
A Metal-Free Approach to Carboxylic Acids by Oxidation of Alkyl, Aryl, or Heteroaryl Alkyl Ketones or Arylalkynes (2015)

The metal-free oxidation of dialkyl, alkyl aryl, or alkyl heteroaryl ketones or arylalkynes to the corresponding carboxylic acids is achieved using an oxidative mixture of Oxone and trifluoroacetic acid. This green method is a simple and mild protocol to obtain carboxylic derivatives in excellent yields.
Angiogenesis in Spontaneous Tumors and Implications for Comparative Tumor Biology (2014)

Blood supply is essential for development and growth of tumors and angiogenesis is the fundamental process of new blood vessel formation from preexisting ones. Angiogenesis is a prognostic indicator for a variety of tumors, and it coincides with increased shedding of neoplastic cells into the circulation and metastasis. Several molecules such as cell surface receptors, growth factors, and enzymes are involved in this process. While antiangiogenic therapy for cancer has been proposed over 20 years ago, it has garnered much controversy in recent years within the scientific community. The complex relationships between the angiogenic signaling cascade and antiangiogenic substances have indicated the angiogenic pathway as a valid target for anticancer drug development and VEGF has become the primary antiangiogenic drug target. This review discusses the basic and clinical perspectives of angiogenesis highlighting the importance of comparative biology in understanding tumor angiogenesis and the integration of these model systems for future drug development.
Modal Gain analysis of GaNAsP Heterostructures on Silicon (2010)

We present modal gain measurements of GaNAsP multiple quantum well structures grown lattice-matched on silicon using the stripe-length method. High modal gain values of up to 100 cm−1 are observed at room temperature.
Supervised Descent Method for Electrical Impedance Tomography (2019)

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a nonintrusive, radiation-free, and portable medical imaging modality. In this modality, an electrode array is arranged around a medical target to be imaged, and then currents are injected and the induced voltages are measured through the electrodes according to a certain protocol. The measured voltages can then be inverted to get an image that reflects the conductivity distribution interior of the medical target. The inverse problem of EIT can be formulated as a nonlinear optimization problem. It can be solved iteratively by using Gauss-Newton method, which is based on the quadratic approximation of the objective function locally.Supervised descent method (SDM) is a machine learning algorithm that is inspired by the Gauss-Newton method. It learns a series of descent directions which correspond to the product of the inverse Hessian and Jacobian through offline training. In the online inference stage, it uses the learned descent directions to invert the measured data. SDM has several advantages over the traditional Gauss-Newton method. Firstly, the time and memory cost is significantly reduced because there is no need to calculate the Jacobian and the inverse Hessian in the online inversion stage. Secondly, the a priori information can be integrated in a flexible manner through training samples. Thirdly, the learned descent directions have some global capability.In this work, we applied SDM to EIT data inversion. The training and inference problems were formulated. The algorithm was tested using both numerical and experimental examples. The results show SDM is feasible for EIT data inversion with good generalization ability.
Synesthesia Wear : Full-body haptic clothing interface based on two-dimensional signal transmission (2019)

In this paper, we present Synesthesia Wear, a full-body, customizable haptic interface, and demonstrate its capabilities with an untethered spatial computing experience. This wear not only looks as flexible as ordinary cloth, but also the attached modules are powered and controlled through this conductive textile via two-dimensional signal transmission(2DST) technology. The haptic modules have a pin, badge-like connector, and it can be freely attached on the conductive textile(Fig. 1(b)), enabling users to personally customize the experience to their own liking. This module can render variations of haptic feedback to the torso and all limbs of the body, and visualize representations using LED light patterns. We also designed a spatial computing experience(Fig. 1(c)) inspired by the perceptual phenomenon called synesthesia. The system provides an sensory blended experience in which the user walks around freely in real space. The user can interact with real and virtual environments, in a reality-overlapping way by wearing Synesthesia Wear.
Circulating ‘lncRNA OTTHUMT00000387022’ from monocytes as a novel biomarker for coronary artery disease (2016)

The present study suggests that CoroMarker is a novel and specific biomarker of CAD.
Transport of carbonate ions through supported liquid membrane by using Alamine 336 and trioctylphosphine oxide as carriers (2011)

Transport studies were carried out for carbonate ions through supported liquid membrane (SLMs) by using Alamine 336 and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) as carriers. Experimental variables were investigated, such as concentration of carbonate ion (10−5 to 4×10−2 M), carriers (10−5 to 10−1 M), and alkali (0.01–0.5); and stirring speed (50–150 rpm) of bulk solutions. The use of combined carriers Alamine 336 and TOPO shows a synergic transport of carbonate ions. The stability of the SLM system in relation to the transport of carbonate ions has been studied. The enrichment of carbonate ions (10−6 to 4×10−2 M) from the dilute solution was explored. The different combinations of amines with TOPO show synergic permeability of the carbonate ions through SLM system.
Identification of sulphonamide-tethered <i>N</i> -((triazol-4-yl)methyl)isatin derivatives as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (2023)

SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the end of 2019 led to profound consequences on global health and economy. Till producing successful vaccination strategies, the healthcare sectors suffered from the lack of effective therapeutic agents that could control the spread of infection. Thus, academia and the pharmaceutical sector prioritise SARS-CoV-2 antiviral drug discovery. Here, we exploited previous reports highlighting the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities of isatin-based molecules to develop novel triazolo-isatins for inhibiting main protease (Mpro) of the virus, a crucial enzyme for its replication in the host cells. Particularly, sulphonamide <b>6b</b> showed promising inhibitory activity with an IC<sub>50</sub>= 0.249 µM. Additionally, <b>6b</b> inhibited viral cell proliferation with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 4.33 µg/ml, and was non-toxic to VERO-E6 cells (CC50 = 564.74 µg/ml) displaying a selectivity index of 130.4. <i>In silico</i> analysis of <b>6b</b> disclosed its ability to interact with key residues in the enzyme active site, supporting the obtained <i>in vitro</i> findings.
Structural and morphological properties of GaN buffer layers grown by ammonia molecular beam epitaxy on SiC substrates for AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (2008)

The impact of growth conditions on the surface morphology and structural properties of ammonia molecular beam epitaxy GaN buffers layers on SiC substrates was investigated. The threading dislocation (TD) density was found to decrease with decreasing NH3:Ga flux ratio, which corresponded to an increase in surface roughness and reduction in residual compressive lattice mismatch stress. Furthermore, the dislocation density and compressive stress decreased for increasing buffer thickness. TD inclination was proposed to account for these observations. Optimized surface morphologies were realized at high NH3:Ga flux ratios and were characterized by monolayer-high steps, spiral hillocks, and pyramidal mounds, with rms roughness of ∼1.0 nm over 2×2 μm2 atomic force microscopy images. Smooth surface morphologies were realized over a large range of growth temperatures and fluxes, and growth rates of up to 1 μm/h were achieved. TD densities in the buffers as low as 3×109 cm−2 were demonstrated. These buffers were highly insulating and were used in recently reported AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with power densities of &amp;gt;11 W/mm at 4 and 10 GHz.
Supplementary Film 2 from &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; Tumor Targeting Using a Novel Intestinal Pathogen-Based Delivery Approach (2023)

Supplementary Film 2 from &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; Tumor Targeting Using a Novel Intestinal Pathogen-Based Delivery Approach
PROGRES DANS LA COMPREHENSION DES MECANISMES DE CORROSION SOUS PEINTURE DE TOLES REVETUES UTILISEES DANS L'INDUSTRIE AUTOMOBILE (1990)

Les auteurs etudient l'electrochimie de la degradation de l'acier peint.Grace a une cellule specialement etudiee, ils ont tente de modeliser les interactions possibles entre les produits de corrosion et du zinc passive comme il s'en produit sous une couche de peinture dans des conditions de confinement particulieres. Ce montage a permis de mesurer les grandeurs electrochimiques telles que pH et courant de corrosion dans differentes conditions de polarisation et de couplage. Des courants galvaniques pouvant etre generes quand on couple une electrode de zinc poli avec une electrode recouverte d'un produit de corrosion ont ete mis en evidence. Les courbesde polarisation ont confirme l'influence de la teneur en oxygene dans la cellule sur le sens du courant et le caractere actif ou noble de l'electrode. Des processus similaire peuvent se produire dans la realite. Sur echantillon peint en cataphorese seule, l'oxygene est susceptible de diffuserrapidement et de produire une delamination cathodique. Dans le cas d'echantillons completement peints, la couche plus epaisse de film organique ralentit la diffusion de l'oxygene entrainant un mecanisme de type anodique et une dissolution sacrificielle du zinc.
Synthesis and Evaluation as Glycosidase Inhibitors of Carbasugar‐Derived Spirodiaziridines, Spirodiazirines, and Spiroaziridines. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The authors reply (2015)

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA The Nathan E. Hellman Memorial Laboratory, Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA Dr. Elias is employed by Brigham and Women’s Hospital; received support for travel from Tracon Pharmaceuticals; and consulted for Firefly Bioworks. His institution received grant support from the White Foundation. Dr. Christopher lectured for the International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (received faculty honorarium).
The <i>PNPLA3</i> rs738409 GG genotype is associated with poorer prognosis in 239 patients with autoimmune hepatitis (2020)

PNPLA3-rs738409 variant GG is a predictor for time to liver transplantation or death and may help to identify autoimmune hepatitis patients at risk for disease progression.
Novel fabrication route for porous ceramics using waste materials by non-firing process (2010)

We have successfully fabricated non-firing porous ceramics from Black paper sludge ash (BPSA, waste materials). It is an alternative ecological and economic waste recovery technique for waste pulp materials from pulp and paper industries. It has been gradually affecting our environment. In this study, black paper sludge ash (solid waste, BPSA obtained from a waste material from pulp and paper industries) was investigated for the fabrication of porous ceramics. The BPSA was activated with mechano-chemical process. Then, KOH solution was added and reacted to the paste (waste composite) until completely solidified. The structural properties of the porous ceramics were investigated using X-ray CT and mercury porosimeter. Results show increasing the concentration of KOH solution and reaction temperature created an observable pore size of specimen and a number of noticeable pores in the specimen increased.
Multiclass parametric decision-making processor for classification of patterns with missing descriptors (1978)

In the paper, the problem of classifying pattern vectors with missing descriptors using the parametric minimum-error decision rule for normally distributed classes is considered. A computationally efficient method for determining the optimal parameters of the classifier for operating in any subspace of the pattern space is proposed. In general, for any number of missing descriptors satisfying q &lt; n/2, where n is the dimensionality of the complete pattern space, the method affords considerable saving in both computer time and storage requirements. Consequently, the cost of implementation of the classifier is substantially reduced.
Shock-Induced Refractory Period Extension and Pharmacologic Modulation of Defibrillation Threshold (1994)

Shock-induced refractory period extension (RPE) has been suggested as a mechanism of electrical defibrillation. We measured RPE caused by localized field stimulation measured before and during infusion of disopyramide (n = 5), flecainide (n = 5), or E-4031 (n = 5) in anesthetized dogs and determined the effect of the drugs on the internal defibrillation threshold (DFT). In the baseline state (n = 15), 16 V/cm S2 field stimulation prolonged the effective RP by 36 +/- 15 ms (22 +/- 12% of RP without S2), whereas 4 and 8 V/cm S2 stimuli did not cause marked RPE. The RPE normalized by the RP without S2 was not significantly influenced by any drug (16 V/cm: disopyramide 30 +/- 11 vs. 27 +/- 11, flecainide 25 +/- 5 vs. 19 +/- 12, and E-4031 18 +/- 13 vs. 22 +/- 14%). Disopyramide did not alter the defibrillation threshold (4.2 +/- 0.6-4.4 +/- 0.6 J). In 2 dogs given flecainide, ventricular fibrillation became refractory to defibrillation. In contrast, E-4031 lowered the threshold from 4.5 +/- 2.4 to 2.2 +/- 1.2 J (p < 0.01). The results suggest that flecainide and E-4031 do not modulate defibrillation efficiency through their effects on RPE.
Microcephaly and congenital nephrotic syndrome owing to diffuse mesangial sclerosis: an autosomal recessive syndrome. (1994)

Three sibs born to consanguineous parents had congenital nephrotic syndrome, microcephaly, and psychomotor retardation. Pathology of the kidneys showed diffuse mesangial sclerosis with deposits of IgG and C3 in the mesangium and glomerular basement membranes. All three children died before the age of 3 years. Of 19 published cases of children with the association of congenital nephrotic syndrome and microcephaly, only four had histological evidence of diffuse mesangial sclerosis, and two of their sibs probably had the same disease. The association of nephrotic syndrome owing to congenital diffuse mesangial sclerosis, microcephaly, and mental retardation appears to be a distinct syndrome with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance.
Formamide as a substrate of xanthine oxidase (1984)

Formamide is a substrate of xanthine oxidase. At pH 8.2 and 1.14 mM-O2, Vmax.(app.) is 3.1 s-1 and Km (app.) is 0.7 M. Mo(V) e.p.r. signals obtained by treating the enzyme with formamide were studied, and these provide new information about the ligation of molybdenum in the enzyme and about the enzymic mechanism. The substrate is the first compound that is not a nitrogen-containing heterocycle to give a Very Rapid signal. This supports the hypothesis that the Very Rapid signal, though it is not detectable with all substrates, represents an essential intermediate in turnover. Formamide also gives the Inhibited signal and is the first non-aldehyde substrate to do so. The Rapid type 1 signal obtained in the presence of formamide was examined in H2O enriched with 2H or with 17O. The single oxygen atom detectable in the signal is shown to be strongly and anisotropically coupled. This indicates that this atom remains as an oxo ligand of molybdenum in this signal-giving species. Other structural features of this species are discussed.
Single Injection Nerve Blocks Plus IV Lidocaine Infusions as an Alternative to Continuous Nerve Blocks for Perioperative Pain Management: A retrospective review (2022)

Abstract Purpose Continuous nerve blocks (CNBs) and intravenous lidocaine infusions (IV Lido) represent an effective approach to perioperative pain management. We hypothesized that a single injection nerve block (SNB) plus intravenous lidocaine infusion (IV Lido) would be as effective as CNBs. Furthermore, since recently, the use of facial plane blocks are increasingly advocated, we compared CNBs vs SNBs plus IV Lido in patients undergoing erector spinae plane (ESP) and quadratus lumborum (QL) blocks for video assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and abdominal/retroperitoneal surgeries, respectively. Patients and Method Using our IRB approved registry (PRO10120146), we retrospectively reviewed the electronic record of 105 patients, including 51 patients who underwent VATS and received either single injection erector plane block (SESPB) plus IV lido or continuous erector spinae plane block (CESPB), and 54 patients who underwent major abdominal surgery and received either single injection quadratus lumborum block (SQLB) plus IV Lido or continuous quadratus lumborum block (CQLB). Demographics, verbal pain scores (0-10), and opioid consumption (morphine intravenous equivalent; MIVE), all in the context of the same multimodal approach (acetaminophen, ketamine, dexmedetomidine, and ketorolac) were collected at 24, 48, and 72 hours after surgery. Alpha was set to 0.05. Results SNBs plus IV Lido were as effective as CNBs regarding pain control and total MIVE at 24, 48, or 72 hours after surgery. Subgroup analysis indicated similar findings were observed in patients who underwent VATS or major abdominal surgery. Conclusions This analysis suggests that SNBs plus IV Lido are as effective as CNBs for perioperative pain management when ESP or QL blocks are used for VATS or major abdominal surgery, respectively.
Electron-beam-induced current and cathodoluminescence study of dislocation arrays in 4H-SiC homoepitaxial layers (2009)

The electrical and optical properties of dislocation arrays (DAs) in 4H-SiC homoepitaxial layers were studied by using electron-beam-induced current (EBIC) and cathodoluminescence (CL) techniques. EBIC observations show that under electron-beam irradiation, the DAs are easily dissociated to form rhombic stacking faults (SFs), whereas the single threading dislocations are not. CL results demonstrate that a new peak (417 nm) appears at the formed SFs, which is the same as the phenomenon observed from dissociating basal plane dislocations. The dissociation mechanisms of DAs are proposed based on the assumption that small basal segments exist. The dissociation velocity of each dislocation in the DAs is discussed according to its recombination activity.
An overview of NASREM: (1994)

information repositories, information/knowledge models and real-time execution models as shown in Figure
Polyacrylamides Bearing Pendant .alpha.-Sialoside Groups Strongly Inhibit Agglutination of Erythrocytes by Influenza A Virus: Multivalency and Steric Stabilization of Particulate Biological Systems (1994)

An alpha-sialoside linked to acrylamide by a short connector (5-acetamido-2-O-(N-acryloyl-8-amino-5-oxaoctyl)-2,6-anhydro-3,5-d ideoxy-D-galacto-alpha-nonulopyranosonoic acid, 1) was prepared. Compound 1 formed high molecular weight copolymers with acrylamide, derivatives of acrylamide, and/or vinylpyrrolidone upon photochemically-initiated free radical polymerization. Those copolymers for which the substituents on the acrylamido nitrogen were small inhibited the agglutination of chicken erythrocytes induced by influenza virus (X-31 (H3N2); a recombinant strain of A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and A/Puerto Rico/8/34 grown in chicken eggs). The inhibitory power of the polymers depended strongly on the conditions of polymerization and the sialic acid content of the polymer. The strongest inhibitors were copolymers (poly(1-co-acrylamide)) formed from mixtures of monomer containing [1]/([1] + [acrylamide]) approximately 0.2-0.7; these copolymers inhibited hemagglutination 10(4)-10(5) times more strongly than did similar concentrations of alpha-methyl sialoside (calculated on the basis of the total concentration of individual sialic acid groups in the solution, whether attached to polymer or present as monomers). Samples polymerized in the presence of low concentrations of cross-linking reagents (bis(acrylamido)methane, BIS, and 2,2'-bis(acrylamido)ethyl disulfide, BAC) also showed increased inhibition (10-10(3)-fold relative to monomers), but their use was limited by their poor solubility. Sterically demanding substituents on any position of the acrylamide component (substituents attached to the vinyl group or N-alkyl groups that are larger than hydroxyethyl) reduced the inhibitory power of the polymer. A 1H NMR assay and a fluorescence depolarization assay showed that poly(1-co-acrylamide) bound to a solubilized trimeric form of the viral receptor for sialic acid (bromelain cleaved hemagglutinin, BHA), less tightly than 1, on a per sialic acid basis. A similar result was also obtained with a model system comprising lactic dehydrogenase (a tetramer) and polymeric derivatives of oxamic acid: that is, poly((28, 29, 30, or 31)-co-acrylamide) had a higher inhibition constant for tetrameric lactic dehydrogenase than did the corresponding monomers (28, 29, 30, or 31) on a per oxamate basis. Poly(1-co-acrylamide) is, in principle, capable of inhibiting the agglutination of erythrocytes by several mechanisms: (1) entropically enhanced binding of the polymer (acting as a polyvalent inhibitor) to the surface of the virus; (2) steric interference of the approach of the virus to the surface of the erythrocyte by a water-swollen layer of the polymer on the surface of the virus; (3) aggregation of the virus induced by the polymer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)