gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engineering and use of proteinoid polymers and nanocapsules containing agrochemicals (2020)

To address global challenges such as population growth and climate change, introduction of new technologies and innovations in agriculture are paramount. Polymer-based formulations of agrochemicals have received much attention in recent years, and there is strong motivation to develop agrochemicals that are not harmful to the environment. Proteinoid polymers are produced by thermal step-growth polymerization of natural and unnatural amino acids. Under suitable gentle conditions, the proteinoid polymers may self-assemble to form nano-sized hollow proteinoid nanoparticles (NPs) of a relatively narrow size distribution. Agrochemical molecules may be encapsulated within these hollow proteinoid NPs, integrated in the crude proteinoid shell, or bound covalently/physically to the NP surface. In the present manuscript we prepared and characterized four model proteinoid polymers and NPs: P(KEf), P(KF), P(EWH-PLLA) and P(KWH-PLLA), where Ef denotes the unnatural herbicidal amino acid glufosinate. The NPs were fluorescently labeled and loaded with agrochemicals such as the plant hormone auxin. In addition, the NP surface was hydrophobized by covalent conjugation of dodecyl aldehyde via its surface primary amine groups. Following treatment of the plants with the different fluorescent-labeled NPs, fluorescent microscopic techniques enabled to localize the NPs and observe the accumulation in the plant's vascular system. Next, using genetically modified plants, which express fluorescent protein and are responsive to the level of auxin, we demonstrated the possibility to deliver encapsulated agrochemicals into cells. We also illustrated that the proteinoid NPs are non-toxic to human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and apart from P(KEf) also to lettuce plants.
Concepts for agonistic targeting of CD40 in immuno-oncology (2019)

TNF Receptor Superfamily (TNF-R-SF) signaling is a structurally well-defined event that requires proper receptor clustering and trimerization. While the TNF-SF ligands naturally exist as trivalent functional units, the receptors are usually separated on the cell surface. Critically, receptor assembly into functional trimeric signaling complexes occurs through binding of the natural ligand unit. TNF-R-SF members, including CD40, have been key immunotherapeutic targets for over 20 years. CD40, expressed by antigen-presenting cells, endothelial cells, and many tumors, plays a fundamental role in connecting innate and adaptive immunity. The multiple investigated strategies to induce CD40 signaling can be broadly grouped into antibody-based or CD40L-based approaches. Currently, seven different antibodies and one CD40L-based hexavalent fusion protein are in active clinical trials. In this review, we describe the biology and structural properties of CD40, requirements for agonistic signal transduction through CD40 and summarize current attempts to exploit the CD40 signaling pathway for the treatment of cancer.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrolled Synthesis of β‐Hydroxyphenylalanine and β‐ Hydroxytyrosine Derivatives. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Early host–microbe interaction in a peri‐implant oral mucosa‐biofilm model (2020)

The host-microbe relationship is pivotal for oral health as well as for peri-implant diseases. Peri-implant mucosa and commensal biofilm play important roles in the maintenance of host-microbe homeostasis, but little is known about how they interact. We have therefore investigated the early host-microbe interaction between commensal multispecies biofilm (Streptococcus oralis, Actinomyces naeslundii, Veillonella dispar, Porphyromonas gingivalis) and organotypic peri-implant mucosa using our three-dimensional model. After 24 hr, biofilms induced weak inflammatory reaction in the peri-implant mucosa by upregulation of five genes related to immune response and increased secretion of IL-6 and CCL20. Biofilm volume was reduced which might be explained by secretion of β-Defensins-1, -2, and CCL20. The specific tissue reaction without intrinsic overreaction might contribute to intact mucosa. Thus, a relationship similar to homeostasis and oral health was established within the first 24 hr. In contrast, the mucosa was damaged and the bacterial distribution was altered after 48 hr. These were accompanied by an enhanced immune response with upregulation of additional inflammatory-related genes and increased cytokine secretion. Thus, the homeostasis-like relationship was disrupted. Such profound knowledge of the host-microbe interaction at the peri-implant site may provide the basis to improve strategies for prevention and therapy of peri-implant diseases.
Kinetic and Thermodynamic Considerations Regarding Interphase Formation in Thermosetting Composite Systems (1994)

Abstract Thermodynamic and kinetic treatments are employed to analyze the role of preferential adsorption and diffusion in the formation of interphase regions in thermosetting composities. The thermodynamic analyses show that a driving force exists for the preferential adsorption of amines onto carbon fiber surfaces in amine-epoxy systems. Scaling analyses, based on kinetic considerations, lead to the identification of reaction-diffusion time regimes that control interphase formation in sized and unsized fiber systems. These considerations provide guidelines for the selection of material formulations and processing conditions that may be used to tailor behavior of the interphase region in thermosetting composites.
A mutation in a rare type of intron in a sodium-channel gene results in aberrant splicing and causes myotonia (2011)

Many mutations in the skeletal-muscle sodium-channel gene SCN4A have been associated with myotonia and/or periodic paralysis, but so far all of these mutations are located in exons. We found a patient with myotonia caused by a deletion/insertion located in intron 21 of SCN4A, which is an AT-AC type II intron. This is a rare class of introns that, despite having AT-AC boundaries, are spliced by the major or U2-type spliceosome. The patient's skeletal muscle expressed aberrantly spliced SCN4A mRNA isoforms generated by activation of cryptic splice sites. In addition, genetic suppression experiments using an SCN4A minigene showed that the mutant 5' splice site has impaired binding to the U1 and U6 snRNPs, which are the cognate factors for recognition of U2-type 5' splice sites. One of the aberrantly spliced isoforms encodes a channel with a 35-amino acid insertion in the cytoplasmic loop between domains III and IV of Nav1.4. The mutant channel exhibited a marked disruption of fast inactivation, and a simulation in silico showed that the channel defect is consistent with the patient's myotonic symptoms. This is the first report of a disease-associated mutation in an AT-AC type II intron, and also the first intronic mutation in a voltage-gated ion channel gene showing a gain-of-function defect.
A Novel Blended Real-Time Energy Management Strategy for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Commute Trips (2015)

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) show great promise in reducing transportation-related fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. A critical research topic for PHEVs is designing an efficient energy management system (EMS), in particular, determining how the energy flows in a hybrid powertrain should be managed in response to a variety of system parameters. Most of the existing systems either rely on a priori knowledge of future driving conditions to achieve the optimal but not real-time solution (e.g. Dynamic Programming strategy), or only upon the current driving situation to achieve a real-time but not optimal solution (e.g. rule-based strategy). Towards this end, we propose a Q-Learning based blended real-time EMS for PHEVs to address the trade-off between real-time performance and optimality. The proposed EMS can optimize the fuel consumption while learning the system's characteristics in real time. Numerical analysis shows that the proposed EMS can achieve a near optimal solution with 11.93% fuel savings compared to a binary mode control strategy, but a 2.86% fuel consumption increase compared to an off-line Dynamic Programming strategy.
Angular power spectrum of scattered electromagnetic waves in randomly inhomogeneous plasma with electron density fluctuations (2012)

Peculiarities of the electromagnetic waves propagation in randomly inhomogeneous media have been intensively studied [1,2]. Anisotropic irregularities characterize: lyotropic liquid crystals having hexagonal structure [3], the Earth's ionospheric plasma with filed-aligned irregularities [4]. Angular power spectrum (APS) of ray intensity at light propagation in random medium with prolate irregularities has been investigated in [5–9].
Generation of energy-time entangled photon pairs in 1.5-μm band with periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide (2006)

We report the generation of 1.5-μm-band energy-time entangled photon pairs using a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide. We performed a two-photon interference experiment and obtained coincidence fringes with 77.3% visibilities without subtracting accidental coincidences.
Common Genetic Variation In Cellular Transport Genes and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) Risk (2015)

These results, generated on a large cohort of women, revealed associations between inherited cellular transport gene variants and risk of EOC histologic subtypes.
Anion Complexation of Vinylimidazolium Salts and Its Influence on Polymerization (2008)

To improve water solubility of 1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([bvim][Tf2N]) the complexation with β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) was carried out. Investigations of conductivity measurements, NMR and microcalorimetry show that β-CD forms exclusively host−guest complexes with the anion bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (Tf2N-). The received spatially separated ion pairs create quasi “naked” vinylimidazolium cations which do not polymerize in water by radical mechanism. Only in the presence of foreign salt is the cation−cation repulsion compensated and polymerization occurs.
ORIGINES DES ERREURS DE MODÉLISATION SUR LES PERTES ÉLECTROMAGNÉTIQUE DANS LES MACHINES ÉLECTRIQUES (2007)

National audience
Taming Bromine Azide for Use in Organic Solvents─Radical Bromoazidations and Alcohol Oxidations (2023)

The formation of bromine azide from the bisazidobromate(I) anion or alternatively from Zhdankin's reagent, using a phosphonium bromide salt as a common starting point, is reported. After homolytic cleavage in the presence of alkenes or alcohols either 1,2-functionalization or alternatively the selective oxidation of secondary alcohols in the presence of primary alcohols occur. The scopes and limitations of the use of BrN<sub>3</sub> are covered.
Silsesquioxane dendrimers as catalysts: A bite-sized molecular dynamics study (2007)

A method of calculating the bite (P-M-P) angle for dendritic ligands is reported. Diphenylphosphine terminated dendritic ligands were modified with either a single rhodium or a rhodium complex [HRh(CO)(2)] and molecular dynamics techniques used to run simulations to determine the dynamic bite angle (beta(d)) as a time averaged property. The effects of changing the composition of the dendritic branches is investigated and comparison with experimental hydroformylation data reveals that the dendrimer with the highest linear: branched ratio also has a dynamic bite angle closest to the theoretical ideal value of 120 degrees .
Supplementary Data from Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 6 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in Ewing Sarcoma through Immune Activation (2023)

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Peptide-functionalized polymers localize to remodeling osteoporotic bone (2016)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
D-003 does not possess oestrogenic potential in-vivo: findings of the uterotrophic assay (2007)

D-003 is a mixture of long-chain fatty acids purified from sugarcane wax that inhibits both cholesterol synthesis prior to mevalonate formation, and lipid peroxidation. D-003 has been shown to prevent bone loss and bone resorption in ovariectomized rats, and significantly improves bone resorption markers in postmenopausal women with reduced bone mineral density. As hormone-replacement therapy, D-003 displays cholesterol-lowering and anti-resorptive effects. We have studied its potential oestrogenic activity in-vivo using the uterotrophic assay. Rats were randomly distributed into five groups: a sham-operated group and four groups of ovariectomized rats, one treated with vehicle, one with D-003 (50 mg kg(-1)), one with oestradiol benzoate (30 microg kg(-1)) and one with D-003 (50 mg kg(-1)) plus oestradiol benzoate (30 microg kg(-1)). Treatments were administered for 14 days. Ovariectomy decreased the values of relative uterus weight, epithelium cell height and endometrial thickness compared with sham-operated rats, and these effects were all significantly reduced with oestradiol benzoate, but not with D-003. Concurrent administration of D-003 and oestradiol benzoate had statistically similar effects on all variables as oestradiol benzoate alone. In conclusions, D-003 orally given at 50 mg kg(-1), a dose that prevents bone loss and bone resorption in ovariectomized rats, did not display oestrogenic/anti-oestrogenic activity in-vivo, as assessed in the uterotrophic assay.
Advanced EPS Component Models for Accurate Satellite EPS Simulation (2009)

Detailed models for all EPS components are required for accurate Electric Power System (EPS) simulations of satellites in various LEO, MEO, and GEO missions. Older and outdated models had used various power margins to over-estimate the size and weight of the satellite EPS for a given mission. Today’s models incorporate the use of many sets of test data from various testing facilities to much better and more accurately predict the behavior of each component. This paper summarizes the library of the various component models currently used in such satellite simulations. The components modeled include solar array cells, solar array string and group diodes, solar array harnesses, battery cells, battery recharging efficiencies, battery charge control, battery heaters, bus diodes, cabling, and wiring. The models use various input variables in their simulation, including the effects of bus voltage, current, temperature, and age. These component models are used within the Power Suite Tools code within Lockheed Martin to perform sizing trades and BOL and EOL margin analyses. They can also be used to compare EPS behavior from on-orbit data, and to predict future transient behavior in worst-case scenarios. One major concern in the operation of such satellite systems is the prediction of the maximum state-of-discharge (SOD) of the batteries during the most challenging mission phases. The use of these PTS code models enables much more accurate simulations of EPS behavior, battery degradation, and lifetime estimates that are needed in the Aerospace Industry today.
Designed CXCR4 mimic acts as a soluble chemokine receptor that blocks atherogenic inflammation by agonist-specific targeting (2020)

Targeting a specific chemokine/receptor axis in atherosclerosis remains challenging. Soluble receptor-based strategies are not established for chemokine receptors due to their discontinuous architecture. Macrophage migration-inhibitory factor (MIF) is an atypical chemokine that promotes atherosclerosis through CXC-motif chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4). However, CXCR4/CXCL12 interactions also mediate atheroprotection. Here, we show that constrained 31-residue-peptides ('msR4Ms') designed to mimic the CXCR4-binding site to MIF, selectively bind MIF with nanomolar affinity and block MIF/CXCR4 without affecting CXCL12/CXCR4. We identify msR4M-L1, which blocks MIF- but not CXCL12-elicited CXCR4 vascular cell activities. Its potency compares well with established MIF inhibitors, whereas msR4M-L1 does not interfere with cardioprotective MIF/CD74 signaling. In vivo-administered msR4M-L1 enriches in atherosclerotic plaques, blocks arterial leukocyte adhesion, and inhibits atherosclerosis and inflammation in hyperlipidemic Apoe<sup>-/-</sup> mice in vivo. Finally, msR4M-L1 binds to MIF in plaques from human carotid-endarterectomy specimens. Together, we establish an engineered GPCR-ectodomain-based mimicry principle that differentiates between disease-exacerbating and -protective pathways and chemokine-selectively interferes with atherosclerosis.
Development of x-ray adaptive focusing optical system based on the combination of concave mirror and convex mirror (Conference Presentation) (2019)

In synchrotron radiation facilities and X-ray free electron laser facilities, beam size adjustment depending on the experimental condition and the sample size is necessary. Various types of X-ray focusing optical systems are used for beam conditioning. However, they are specially designed for specific purposes and optical parameters such as numerical aperture (NA) and focal length are fixed. This lack of adaptability has limited application targets. In this research, we are developing X-ray adaptive focusing optical system which can control the beam size without moving the position of the focus. The optical system consists of two deformable mirrors in one dimension. In order to control the focused beam size, the NA can be controlled by deforming the mirror shapes from concave to convex. When we want to achieve large NA, deform the upstream mirror into convex shape and spread the beam. The downstream mirror receives X-ray with full aperture and X-ray is focused at focal point. When we want to achieve small NA, deform the upstream mirror into a concave shape and narrow down the reflection area of downstream mirror. NA becomes small because reflection area of downstream mirror becomes narrow. One dimensional focusing experiment of large NA adaptive optical system was performed at SPring-8 as a demonstration. A focused beam with an intensity profile having a full width at half maximum of 134 nm was achieved at 10 keV. This is close to ideal beam size. In my presentation, I will explain details of adaptive focusing optics and deformable mirrors.
ChemInform Abstract: From Rigid Cyclic Templates to Conformationally Stabilized Acyclic Scaffold. Part 2. Acyclic Replacements for the (3S)‐3‐Benzylpiperidine in a Series of Potent CCR3 Antagonists. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Stereoselective Preparation of Functionalized Alkenylmagnesium Reagents via an Iodine−Magnesium Exchange Reaction (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommunicationNEXTStereoselective Preparation of Functionalized Alkenylmagnesium Reagents via an Iodine−Magnesium Exchange ReactionMario Rottländer, Laure Boymond, Gérard Cahiez, and Paul KnochelView Author Information Fachbereich Chemie der Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, D-35032 Marburg, Germany, and Ecole Supérieure de Chimie Organique et Minérale, Départment de Chimie 13, Boulevard de l'Hautil, F-95092 Cergy-Pontoise, France Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 4, 1080–1081Publication Date (Web):January 27, 1999Publication History Received25 September 1998Published online27 January 1999Published inissue 1 February 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo981941lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo981941lrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1739Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Anions,Functionalization,Inorganic carbon compounds,Organic compounds,Reagents Get e-Alerts
VALIDATION OF AN ARTICULATED VEHICLE SIMULATION (1993)

Tests were performed on a typical UK articulated vehicle to measure dynamic tyre forces and sprung mass accelerations. The measured road profile data and vehicle response data are used to determine some of the important characteristics of articulated vehicle vibration behaviour. In particular, roll motions and their effect on dynamic tyre forces are examined. The measured data are used to validate two and three-dimensional computer models of the vehicle. Attention is given to modelling the tandem leaf-spring trailer suspension. The conditions under which a two-dimensional model can accurately simulate vehicle behaviour are examined. (A)