gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biohybrid 3D Printing of a Tissue‐Sensor Platform for Wireless, Real‐Time, and Continuous Monitoring of Drug‐Induced Cardiotoxicity (2022)

Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is regarded as a major hurdle in the early stages of drug development. Although there are various methods for preclinical cardiotoxicity tests, they cannot completely predict the cardiotoxic potential of a compound due to the lack of physiological relevance. Recently, 3D engineered heart tissue (EHT) has been used to investigate cardiac muscle functions as well as pharmacological effects by exhibiting physiological auxotonic contractions. However, there is still no adequate platform for continuous monitoring to test acute and chronic pharmacological effects in vitro. Here, a biohybrid 3D printing method for fabricating a tissue-sensor platform, composed of a bipillar-grafted strain gauge sensor and EHT, is first introduced. Two pillars are three-dimensionally printed as grafts onto a strain gauge-embedded substrate to promote the EHT contractility and guide the self-assembly of the EHTs along with the strain gauge. In addition, the integration of a wireless multi-channel electronic system allows for continuous monitoring of the EHT contractile force by the tissue-sensor platform and, ultimately, for the observation of the acute and chronic drug effects of cardiotoxicants. In summary, biohybrid 3D printing technology is expected to be a potential fabrication method to provide a next-generation tissue-sensor platform for an effective drug development process.
Spectral beam combining of a 980-nm laser array for EDFA pumping (2005)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text P. Salet, G. Lucas-Leclin, G. Roger, P. Georges, P. Bousselet, C. Simonneau, D. Bayart, N. Michel, S. -. Auzanneau, M. Calligaro, O. Parillaud, M. Lecomte, and M. Krakowski, "Spectral beam combining of a 980-nm laser array for EDFA pumping," in Advanced Solid-State Photonics (TOPS), C. Denman and I. Sorokina, eds., Vol. 98 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 2005), paper 299. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Stochastic Simulation of Tape Grinding for Wafer-Like Workpiece (2016)

Advanced semiconductor materials including silicon carbide and gallium nitride possess excellent properties like high hardness, and high heat and chemical resistance compared to silicon. Such properties reversely prevent efficient production of wafers, therefore a new wafer finishing method, tape grinding, is developed to improve productivity. This paper proposes a simulation method of tape grinding, which method is developed by modifying the stochastic approach developed for plunge grinding. The distribution of abrasive grains on the grinding tape is represented by number density, and the material existence probability that is represented by Abbott-Firestone curve is modified by considering machining parameters. Tape grinding process were then conducted to confirm the calculation method.
Radical Fragment Coupling Route to Geminal Bis(boronates) (2018)

The radical addition of dithiocarbonates to 1,1-bis(boronyl)-3-butene and related alkenes occurs without complications from fragmentation or hydrogen atom abstraction and delivers a vast array of highly functional geminal bis(boronates). The ability to assemble geminal bis(boronates) bearing polar functional groups not readily obtained through existing methods is particularly noteworthy. This approach also opens up access to geminal bis(boronyl) cyclopropanes and geminal bis(boronyl) tetrahydroquinolines.
Succinyl derivatives of N‐tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl‐2‐aminoethane sulphonic acid: their effects on the frog neuromuscular junction (1985)

Succinic anhydride (SA) dissolved in Ringer solution buffered with N-tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl-2-aminoethane sulphonic acid (SA-TES solution) potentiates the depolarizing action of acetylcholine (ACh, 10-40 microM) on frog muscle and the tension induced by bath application of this agonist. Applied from one side of a double-barrelled micropipette, SA-TES increases the amplitude of iontophoretically elicited ACh potentials. The potentiation of the effects of ACh by SA-TES does not involve changes in either the activity of the ACh esterase or the input resistance of the muscle membrane. For depolarizations of frog sartorius muscle, dose-response relationships obtained for ACh concentrations from 0.5 to 20 microM indicate that SA-TES increases the apparent affinity of ACh by a factor of 3. SA-TES exerts an "accelerating' effect on the responses elicited by bath-applied ACh; i.e., it increases the rate of depolarization when ACh is added to the bath and the rate of repolarization upon washing out. These effects are particularly marked in preparations treated with neostigmine (3 microM). SA-TES does not potentiate the depolarizing action of agonists which do not contain an ester group. Moreover, the time course of the responses elicited by these compounds is not influenced by SA-TES. SA-TES fails to influence significantly the effects of the neurally released transmitter. Only a 10% increase in the average amplitude of the endplate potentials was observed. SA hydrolyzes in about 30 min at room temperature; however the SA-TES solution retains its activity for several weeks. Succinate is inactive, and so is SA in Ringer buffered with phosphate. The SA-TES solution contains seven succinyl-TES derivatives, which were separated by ion-exchange chromatography and paper chromatography. At concentrations between 1 to 150 microM, these succinyl-TES derivatives affected the ACh-induced contraction of frog rectus abdominus muscle. The most abundant derivative potentiated the action of high doses of ACh, but was inhibitory at lower ones. The other derivatives were mostly inhibitory. These results are discussed in terms of two hypotheses. One postulates the presence of a diffusion barrier formed by groups that bind ACh and are saturated by SA-TES. The other assumes that SA-TES acts directly on the ACh receptor exerting its potentiating effect through a cooperative mechanism.
Circular anti-resonance fibre supporting orbital angular momentum modes with flat dispersion, high purity and low confinement loss (2021)

A novel ring anti-resonance fibre (ARF) is designed and demonstrated for the transmission of orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes. The fibre consists of two layers of negative curvature tubes arranged orderly inside and outside the ring region and OAM modes can be transmitted in the ring region. The properties of the fibre are investigated by the finite element method based on the COMSOL multiphysics software and a manufacturing method is proposed. The fibre shows stable transmission of 30 OAMs in the 1.5–1.6 μm band, low and flat dispersion (5.98 ps/(km nm)), extremely small nonlinear coefficient (0.539 km−1 W−1 at 1.55 μm) and confinement loss (10−9–10−11 dB/m), as well as high OAM purity (larger than 98.295%). Therefore, the structure has immense potential in optical communication.
EFFECT OF MIXING CONDITIONS ON FLOCCULATION KINETICS OF WASTEWATERS CONTAINING PROTEINS AND OTHER BIOLOGICAL COMPOUNDS USING FIBROUS MATERIALS AND POLYELECTROLYTES (1998)

The application of a combined system of a polyelectrolyte, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and highly fibrillated fibrous materials, cellulose triacetate fibrets (CTF), for the recovery of proteins and other biological compounds from model and actual biological systems has been demonstrated . In the present work, reaction batches were scaled-up to a one-liter agitated vessel, with a standard configuration. The effect of mixing conditions on the adsorption and flocculation process was studied. It was observed that flocculation time was very fast, occurring within the period of polymer addition. Long term shearing did not result in floc breakage and the values of percentage light transmission and protein concentration of the final filtrate remained the same during the incubation period. Increasing the shear rate resulted in improved process efficiency, up to an optimum value, above which performance was poorer. Perikinetic and orthokinetic rate parameters were calculated and results analyzed in view of these parameters.
Ionic liquid-promoted one-pot synthesis of thiazole–imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole hybrids and their antitubercular activity (2015)

The anti-TB activity of new thiazole–imidazo[2,1-<italic>b</italic>][1,3,4]thiadiazoles, which are synthesized <italic>via</italic> one-pot synthesis, is comparable with that of standard drugs.
The Presence of CA19‐9 in Serum and Saliva from Lewis Blood‐group Negative Cancer Patients (1988)

Eighteen cancer patients showed high levels of CA19-9 in sera, even though the blood-group phenotypes of their red blood cells were Le(a-b-). Seven of these patients (group I) were determined as Le(a-b-) from both red blood cells and saliva consistently, whereas eleven other patients (group II) secreted either Le(a) or Le(b) antigen in saliva and showed the expression of incompatible Lewis blood-group antigens. GDP-fucose: N-acetyl-glucosaminide alpha(1----4)-L-fucosyltransferase was demonstrated to be present in salivas from both group I and group II. These results suggest that a cancer-associated alteration of Lewis blood-group antigen expression occurs in cancer patients.
Identification of gene loci controlling pectate lyase production and soft-rot pathogenicity in <i>Pseudomonas marginalis</i> (1997)

Pseudomonas marginalis is an important postharvest pathogen capable of causing soft rot in a wide variety of harvested fruits and vegetables. Following transposon mutagenesis, we isolated two groups of P. marginalis CY091 mutants deficient in production of pectate lyase (Pel) and soft-rot pathogenicity in plants. The first group, designated Pel-, was caused by the insertion of Tn5 into a pel structural gene, and the second group, designated LemA-, was caused by the insertion of Tn5 into a regulatory locus corresponding to the lemA gene previously identified in other Gram-negative bacteria. The LemA- mutants also exhibited alteration in colony morphology and showed deficiency in production of protease (Prt). A cosmid clone pCIC carrying the P. marginalis lemA gene was isolated and characterized. pCIC was capable of restoring Pel production and soft-rot pathogenicity in LemA- mutants of P. marginalis and Pseudomonas viridiflava, indicating that the function of lemA gene in these two pseudomonads was similar and interchangeable. Using MudI-mediated mutagenesis, we isolated a third group of P. marginalis mutants deficient in production of Pel, Prt, and soft-rot pathogenicity. Mutants in this group (designated GacA-1) contained an insertion of MudI in a locus corresponding to the gacA gene of P. viridiflava. Like LemA- mutants, GacA- mutants also exhibited alteration in colony morphology and showed deficiency in production of Pel and Prt. However, GacA- mutants produced much lower levels of levan and fluorescent pyoverdine siderophore than the wild type and LemA- mutants. These results provide the first genetic evidence that P. marginalis produces a single alkaline Pel for maceration of plant tissue and demonstrate that production of Pel, Prt, levan, and pyoverdin by this bacterium is mediated by the two-component lemA/gacA gene system.
Centrosymmetric and nonsymmorphic aluminum oxynitride spinel (1989)

There is considerable controversy concerning the point and space group of crystals based on the spinel structure. The debated question is whether the space group of spinel crystals is or . has noncentrosymmetric point group and is symmorphic; has centrosymmetric point group and is nonsymmorphic. One characteristic of the space group that distinguishes it from is that reflections hkl such that h+k, k+l, h+l ≠ 4n, for example {200}, are kinematically forbidden. MgAl 2 O 4 spinel was studied by Steeds and Evans whose observations of {200} reflections in {001} ZAPs lead them to conclude that the space group of this crystal was . de Coomen and Carter also investigated MgAl 2 O 4 spinel and came to the same conclusion. Although these authors do emphasize the importance of a HOLZ contribution to double diffraction, they do not show the effect of changes in accelerating voltage on the HOLZ segment responsible for double diffraction. To clearly show that {200} reflections appear only as a result of double diffraction via HOLZ, it is essential to observe both the {200} reflections and the HOLZ segment as a function of accelerating voltage.
Block-median pyramidal transform: analysis and denoising applications (2001)

A nonlinear multiscale pyramidal transform based on nonoverlapping block decompositions using the median operation and a polynomial approximation is considered. It is shown that this structure can be useful for denoising of oneand two-dimensional (1-D and 2-D) signals. Various denoising techniques are analyzed, including methods based on spatially adaptive thresholding and partial cycle-spinning algorithms. An analytical method for deriving the distribution function of the transform coefficients is also presented. This, in turn, can be used for the selection of thresholds for denoising applications.
Abstract 4047: Loss of IFN-γ pathway gene expression in tumor cells as mechanism of immune escape of colorectal carcinoma (2018)

Abstract In colorectal carcinoma (CRC), the infiltration of tumor tissue by cytotoxic and T-helper 1 (Th1) T cells has been associated with an improved clinical outcome. This antitumor immune response is characterized by an elevated expression of interferon (IFN)-γ and IFN-stimulated genes such as IRF-1, CXCL-9, CXCL-10, caspase-1 or guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP-1). Using GBP-1 as a marker of cellular response to IFN-γ in human CRC specimens, we observed that tumor cells, but not stroma cells, frequently lose GBP-1 expression in the context of a Th-1-dominated immune response. Similarly, 6 out of 11 colorectal carcinoma cell lines failed to express GBP-1 or other IFN-stimulated genes after treatment with IFN-γ, and were resistant to IFN-γ-induced apoptosis. This indicated that the loss of responsiveness to IFN-γ might represent a mechanism of immune escape in CRC tumor cells. We then investigated whether defects in RNA and protein expression of IFN-γ pathway genes (IFNGR1, IFNGR2, JAK1, JAK2, STAT1) might account for the loss of responsiveness to the cytokine. The most frequent deregulation observed was the downregulation of IFNGR1 expression at the RNA and protein level in 4 out of 6 resistant cell lines, where treatment with 5-Aza-deoxycytidine, a DNA methylation inhibitor, could restore IFNGR1 expression. In the two remaining resistant cell lines, IFNGR1 was expressed but the protein (IFNγRα) was mis-glycosylated and failed to locate at the plasma membrane. In addition, STAT1 protein expression was downregulated in two resistant cell lines. Using a Crispr/Cas9 silencing approach, we showed that the downregulation of IFNGR1 expression is sufficient to inhibit IFN-γ signaling in CRC cell lines. Moreover, long-term treatment of a sensitive cell line with IFN-γ resulted in the downregulation of IFNGR1, but not STAT1 expression. In human CRC samples, mRNA expression of IFNGR1 was decreased compared to normal tissue. Furthermore, low tumor expression of IFNGR1, but not STAT1, correlated with a reduced cancer-related survival in patients with CRC. Finally, mice harboring a specific knockout of the IFN-γ receptor in intestinal epithelial cells developed more tumors than control mice in a carcinogen-induced colon tumorigenesis model, indicating that the absence of IFN-γ receptor expression in intestinal epithelial cells fosters tumor growth. Altogether, our data suggest that the loss of IFN-γ pathway gene expression is a common event in CRC and represents an intrinsic mechanism of immune escape. Citation Format: Nathalie Britzen-Laurent, Julia Straube, Maximilian Waldner, Christoph Becker, Roland Croner, Christian Pilarsky, Susanne Merkel, Michael Stürzl. Loss of IFN-γ pathway gene expression in tumor cells as mechanism of immune escape of colorectal carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4047.
A Cryo-Electron Microscopy Study Identifies the Complete H16.V5 Epitope and Reveals Global Conformational Changes Initiated by Binding of the Neutralizing Antibody Fragment (2014)

Our analysis of the cryo-EM reconstructions of the HPV16 capsids and virus-Fab complexes has identified the entire HPV.V5 conformational epitope and demonstrated a detailed neutralization mechanism of this clinically important monoclonal antibody against HPV16. The Fab bound and ordered the apical loops of HPV16. This conformational change was transmitted to the lower region of the capsomer, resulting in enhanced intercapsomeric interactions evidenced by the more ordered capsid floor and "invading-arm" structures. This study advances the understanding of the neutralization mechanism used by H16.V5.
Color contoning for 3D printing (2017)

Appearance reproduction is an important aspect of 3D printing. Current color reproduction systems use halftoning methods that create colors through a spatial combination of different inks at the object's surface. This introduces a variety of artifacts to the object, especially when viewed from a closer distance. In this work, we propose an alternative color reproduction method for 3D printing. Inspired by the inherent ability of 3D printers to layer different materials on top of each other, 3D color contoning creates colors by combining inks with various thicknesses inside the object's volume. Since inks are inside the volume, our technique results in a uniform color surface with virtually invisible spatial patterns on the surface. For color prediction, we introduce a simple and highly accurate spectral model that relies on a weighted regression of spectral absorptions. We fully characterize the proposed framework by addressing a number of problems, such as material arrangement, calculation of ink concentration, and 3D dot gain. We use a custom 3D printer to fabricate and validate our results.
Observation of the amorphous-to-crystalline transition in silicon by Raman scattering (1981)

Raman scattering, electron diffraction, and dark-conductivity measurements have been made on so-called a-Si films deposited at various rf powers by a glow-discharge technique. These measurements show that an abrupt transition between amorphous and polycrystalline states occurred between 350 and 370 rf voltages and films deposited at high rf voltages are polycrystalline. Dark conductivity of the silicon films changed largely with the amorphous-to-crystalline transition. It is also observed that some polycrystallized silicon films exhibited new peaks between 505 and 513 cm−1 in the Raman spectra.
Circulating platelet-neutrophil aggregates characterize the development of type 1 diabetes in humans and NOD mice (2022)

Platelet-neutrophil aggregates (PNAs) facilitate neutrophil activation and migration and could underpin the recruitment of neutrophils to the pancreas during type 1 diabetes (T1D) pathogenesis. PNAs, measured by flow cytometry, were significantly elevated in the circulation of autoantibody-positive (Aab+) children and new-onset T1D children, as well as in pre-T1D (at 4 weeks and 10-12 weeks) and T1D-onset NOD mice, compared with relevant controls, and PNAs were characterized by activated P-selectin+ platelets. PNAs were similarly increased in pre-T1D and T1D-onset NOD isolated islets/insulitis, and immunofluorescence staining revealed increased islet-associated neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) products (myeloperoxidase [MPO] and citrullinated histones [CitH3]) in NOD pancreata. In vitro, cell-free histones and NETs induced islet cell damage, which was prevented by the small polyanionic drug methyl cellobiose sulfate (mCBS) that binds to histones and neutralizes their pathological effects. Elevated circulating PNAs could, therefore, act as an innate immune and pathogenic biomarker of T1D autoimmunity. Platelet hyperreactivity within PNAs appears to represent a previously unrecognized hematological abnormality that precedes T1D onset. In summary, PNAs could contribute to the pathogenesis of T1D and potentially function as a pre-T1D diagnostic.
The anti-cancer effects of phenformin in thyroid cancer cell lines and in normal thyrocytes (2019)

Phenformin is a biguanide drug which, besides the original anti-diabetic effect, also exerts anti-cancer effects. The aim of this study was to further characterize these latter in terms of both cell-viability and modulation of the secretion of the pro-tumorigenic chemokine CXCL8. Normal human thyrocytes in primary cultures (NHT) and thyroid cancer cell lines, TPC-1 and 8505C (RET/PTC and BRAFV600E mutated, respectively) were treated with increasing concentrations of phenformin at different times. Cell-viability was assessed by WST-1 and further characterized by AnnexinV/PI staining and cell proliferation colony-assay. CXCL8 levels were measured in cell supernatants. Phenformin reduced cell-viability in TPC-1 and 8505C and their ability to form colonies. In NHT cells, phenformin affected cell-viability only at the maximal dose but interestingly it inhibited CXCL8 secretion at all the concentrations not affecting cell-viability. Phenformin had no effect on CXCL8 secretion in thyroid cancer cell lines. Thus, phenformin exerts anti-cancer effects on both cancer cells (cell death induction) and surrounding normal cells (inhibition of CXCL8 secretion). These results highlight that the anti-cancer effects of phenformin are multifaceted and effective on both solid and soluble components of the tumor-microenvironment.
Fibrinogen gamma gene <i>rs2066865</i> and risk of cancer-related venous thromboembolism (2019)

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a frequent complication in patients with cancer. Homozygous carriers of the fibrinogen gamma gene <i>(FGG) rs2066865</i> have a moderately increased risk of VTE, but the effect of the <i>FGG</i> variant in cancer is unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of the <i>FGG</i> variant and active cancer on the risk of VTE. Cases with incident VTE (n=640) and a randomly selected age-weighted sub-cohort (n=3,734) were derived from a population-based cohort (the Tromsø study). Cox-regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for VTE according to categories of cancer and <i>FGG</i> In those without cancer, homozygosity at the <i>FGG</i> variant was associated with a 70% (HR 1.7, 95% CI: 1.2-2.3) increased risk of VTE compared to non-carriers. Cancer patients homozygous for the <i>FGG</i> variant had a two-fold (HR 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1-3.6) higher risk of VTE than cancer patients without the variant. Moreover, the six-months cumulative incidence of VTE among cancer patients was 6.4% (95% CI: 3.5-11.6) in homozygous carriers of <i>FGG</i> and 3.1% (95% CI: 2.3-4.7) in those without risk alleles. A synergistic effect was observed between <i>rs2066865</i> and active cancer on the risk of VTE (synergy index: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.02-3.21, attributable proportion: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.11-0.74). In conclusion, homozygosity at the <i>FGG</i> variant and active cancer yielded a synergistic effect on the risk of VTE.