gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 20979: Is Age an Independent Predictor of Residual Platelet Reactivity in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention? (2010)

Objectives: Ageeing associates with prognosis in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Though, it still remains unclear whether residual platelet reactivity (RPR) and periprocedural myocardial infarction (MI) are higher in elderly after oral administration of high reloading doses of clopidogrel and aspirin.

Methods: Five hundred forty six consecutive patients (n=347, age: ≥65 years and n=199, age<65 years), on maintenance daily doses of 75 mg of clopidogrel and 100 mg of aspirin, scheduled for elective PCI were prospectively recruited. All patients received high reloading doses of clopidogrel (600 mg) and aspirin (500 mg) 12–24 hours before PCI. Blood was collected before and 24 hours after PCI to determine: a) RPR using the point-of-care assay VerifyKnow and b) Troponin T, as a marker of MI. MI was defined as an increase in troponin greater than 3 × 99th percentile of the upper reference limit.

Results: Elderly patients had higher RPR, as expressed by higher P2Y12 reaction units (PRU) (236±92 vs 208±87 in non-elderly, p=0.001). By multivariate analysis, age was an independent predictor of PRU [beta: 2.1, p<0.001, 95% Confidence interval (CI):1.2–3.1] and aspirin reaction units (beta: 0.9, p=0.012, 95% CI:0.2–1.6). An age of 71 years was identified as the best cut-off value of age to predict suboptimal response to clopidogrel (PRU≥240)(sensitivity: 68%, specificity: 47%, area under the curve: 0.59). When deciles of age were taken into account, higher rates of periprocedural MI were observed in the higher (age≥80) as compared to the lower deciles (age<54, p=0.04) (figure). None of the patients presented TIMI major bleeding.

Conclusions: Residual platelet reactivity is higher in elderly patients undergoing elective PCI despite the administration of high reloading doses of clopidogrel and aspirin.

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Patrick Henry Winston — Two Reflections (2020)

Former president of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, and professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Patrick Henry Winston, died July 19, 2019. In this article, former students Kenneth D. Forbus and Mark A. Finlayson provide personal reflections on Winston and the impact he had on their lives and careers.
Concurrent execution semantics and sequential simulation algorithms for the Metropolis meta-model (2003)

This paper presents the simulation techniques that are available in Metropolis, an inter-disciplinary research project that develops a design methodology, supported by a comprehensive design environment and tool set, for embedded systems. System behavior is non-deterministic in general, especially in the beginning of the design process, when several key decisions, such as the mapping on an implementation platform, have not yet been made, and thus the traces obtainable by simulation are not unique even under the same input sequence. One may want to visit as many traces as possible for regression tests at the final stage of designs, or may just need one valid trace for a quick validation of the design at an early stage. Our techniques can adapt to these different objectives easily. They are also platform-independent in that simulation using different languages, such as SystemC 2.0, Java, and C++ with a thread library, are possible. This feature is important for co-simulation between designs captured in Metropolis and those that have been already designed in other languages.
Differential expression of HLA‐DR allospecificities on antigen specific T cell clones (1987)

Serological and immunochemical analysis of T cell clones generated from an HLA-DR3, DR7 donor detected a lower expression of HLA-DR3 than of HLA-DR7 antigen. The defect in the expression of HLA-DR3 antigen appears to reflect abnormalities in regulatory mechanism(s), since the cell surface expression of this antigen could be increased by infecting T cell clones with human T lymphotropic virus I. This finding was paralleled by an increase in the level of mRNA encoded by the HLA-DR beta gene.
Impact of <scp>fracture‐prone</scp> implantable cardioverter defibrillator leads on <scp>long‐term</scp> patient mortality (2023)

Patients who have implanted fracture-prone ICD leads should be carefully followed up for ICD lead failure. However, these patients have a long-term survival rate comparable with that of patients with non-advisory ICD leads in Japanese patients.
BOUNDARY ELEMENT ANALYSIS FOR THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL (1990)

The numerical i mplementation of the boundary element method formulated for the three-dimensiona l eddy current problems is presented. In particular, the algorithm for solving this problems. together with the formulation for the magnetic vector potential 1 and the electric potential 4 using the Lorentz’s gauge are discussed in detail. Next, due to accurate calculations of the numerical solution at interior points in the neighborhood o f the boundary, the revised integration method [11 is expanded to this threedimensional m agnetic field analysis for steady-state. It is indicated that our method is available in the eddy current analysis.
First continuous marine sponge cell line established (2023)

The potential of sponge-derived chemicals for pharmaceutical applications remains largely unexploited due to limited available biomass. Although many have attempted to culture marine sponge cells in vitro to create a scalable production platform for such biopharmaceuticals, these efforts have been mostly unsuccessful. We recently showed that Geodia barretti sponge cells could divide rapidly in M1 medium. In this study we established the first continuous marine sponge cell line, originating from G. barretti. G. barretti cells cultured in OpM1 medium, a modification of M1, grew more rapidly and to a higher density than in M1. Cells in OpM1 reached 1.74 population doublings after 30 min, more than twofold higher than the already rapid growth rate of 0.74 population doublings in 30 min in M1. The maximum number of population doublings increased from 5 doublings in M1 to at least 98 doublings in OpM1. Subcultured cells could be cryopreserved and used to inoculate new cultures. With these results, we have overcome a major obstacle that has blocked the path to producing biopharmaceuticals with sponge cells at industrial scale for decades.
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Using Colloidal Silver (Halides, Pyridine, Acrylamide). (1984)

SERS is a recently developed technique for studying Raman scattering from ions and molecules on metal surfaces. We have used SERS to study halide ions, pyridine, polyacrylic acid, acrylamides and polyacrylamide adsorbed on colloidal Ag. Transmission electron microscopy of colloidal Ag revealed faceted crystals 75-135 (ANGSTROM) in diameter.('1) These aggregate into large clusters, changing the sol absorption spectrum and affecting the magnitude of the surface enahncement effect. Aggregates are not required to observe enhancement. SER spectra of halides showed that Br('-) adsorbs more readily than Cl('-) and displaces Cl('-) from the surface.('1,2) Halide spectra evidence surface coverage-dependent frequency shifts and fine structure which have been shown to arise from induced dipole-induced dipole interactions of the discrete adsorbate superlattice.('1-3) Computer modeling of these interactions gives simulated spectra in good agreement with the observed, and suggests that adsorption of halides on (100) Ag surfaces is preferred over adsorption on (111).('3) The model is useful for assessing the nature and extent of adsorbate coverage at the aqueous-metal interface. Pyridine and halides compete for adsorption sites; no evidence of pyr-X('-) surface complexes was found.('4) The apparent b and broadening and frequency shifts of the pyridine ring modes is explained as resulting from concurrent observation of scattering from solution and adsorbed (enhanced) pyridne.('4) SERS of acrylamide shows that acrylamide adsorbs on colloidal Ag as the s-cis conformer, with the carbonyl oxygen lone pairs directed into the surface and with the molecular plane tilted slightly with respect to the surface normal. SERS was used to monitor the in-situ polymerization of acrylamide; conformational changes and desorption occurred as the degree of polymerization increased. Thus SERS has been shown to be a useful technique for studying adsorbate (ion, molecule, or polymer) surface coverage, conformation, and orientation at the aqueous-metal interface. References ('1)Garrell, R. L., Shaw, K. D., and Krimm, S., Surface Science 124 (1983) 613. ('2)Garrell, R. L., Shaw, K. D., and Krimm, S., J. Chem. Phys. 75 (1981) 4155. ('3)Shaw, K. D., Garrell, R. L., and Krimm, S., Surface Science 124 (1983) 625. ('4)Garrell, R. L. and Krimm, S., J. Phys. Chem. Submitted.
Catalytic Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) and Oppenauer (OPP) Reactions: Remarkable Acceleration of the Hydride Transfer by Powerful Bidentate Aluminum Alkoxides (2002)

A highly efficient catalytic procedure for Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reduction has been devised by employing (2,7-dimethyl-1,8-biphenylenedioxy)bis(dialkoxyaluminum) (3) as a catalyst. For example, reduction of 4-phenylcyclohexanone in CH2Cl2 with i-PrOH (1 equiv) as a hydride source in the presence of a catalytic amount of the in situ generated 3a (1 mol%) smoothly proceeded at room temperature within 1 hour to furnish 4-phenylcyclohexanol in 82% isolated yield. In sharp contrast, the conventional MPV reduction with stoichiometric Al(i-PrO)3 resulted in the recovery of the starting ketone under similar conditions. Our approach also enabled the reverse reaction of MPV reduction, i.e., Oppenauer (OPP) oxidation in a truly catalytic manner. Furthermore, these findings prompted us to develop a simultaneous intramolecular reduction/oxidation of hydroxy carbonyl substrates via the MPV reaction process in the presence of bidentate aluminum catalyst 1, where highly chemoselective hydride transfer from a secondary alcohol moiety to the remote carbonyl group took place. Finally, we demonstrate that the modern MPV system is applicable to high-speed, catalytic Tishchenko reactions. For instance, the dimerization product of cyclohexanecarbaldehyde was obtained in almost quantitative yield using only 0.2 mol% of catalyst 3a. Based on this result, highly stereoselective intramolecular Tishchenko reduction of a β-hydroxy ketone was also accomplished successfully.
AI for social good: unlocking the opportunity for positive impact (2020)

Advances in machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) present an opportunity to build better tools and solutions to help address some of the world's most pressing challenges, and deliver positive social impact in accordance with the priorities outlined in the United Nations' 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The AI for Social Good (AI4SG) movement aims to establish interdisciplinary partnerships centred around AI applications towards SDGs. We provide a set of guidelines for establishing successful long-term collaborations between AI researchers and application-domain experts, relate them to existing AI4SG projects and identify key opportunities for future AI applications targeted towards social good.
Deploying Hierarchical Mesh Networks for Supporting Distributed Computing in Industrial Internet of Things (2022)

The centralized computing model in industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) leads to large delay and unbalanced traffic, which strictly restricts the adoption of IIoT in industrial applications demanding high network performance. To cope with the problem, researchers resort to the in-network computation model in which the computation capability is distributed among nodes in IIoT. Existing works on the in-network computation assume that the network connectivity built in advance meets the performance requirement of the in-network computation model. Nevertheless, no node placement methods have been proposed to build network connectivity supporting in-network computation. For this reason, we propose an in-network-computation-oriented node placement (INP) algorithm. The INP algorithm first decomposes the whole problem into several delay constrained relay node placement problems, and then, solves them sequentially. Moreover, we prove that the INP algorithm ensures explicit time complexity and approximation ratio. Finally, we verify the efficiency of this work through extensive simulations and preliminary experiments.
In silico discovery of small molecules that inhibit RfaH recruitment to RNA polymerase (2018)

RfaH is required for virulence in several Gram-negative pathogens including Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Through direct interactions with RNA polymerase (RNAP) and ribosome, RfaH activates the expression of capsule, cell wall and pilus biosynthesis operons by reducing transcription termination and activating translation. While E. coli RfaH has been extensively studied using structural and biochemical approaches, limited data are available for other RfaH homologs. Here we set out to identify small molecule inhibitors of E. coli and K. pneumoniae RfaHs. Results of biochemical and functional assays show that these proteins act similarly, with a notable difference between their interactions with the RNAP β subunit gate loop. We focused on high-affinity RfaH interactions with the RNAP β' subunit clamp helices as a shared target for inhibition. Among the top 10 leads identified by in silico docking using ZINC database, 3 ligands were able to inhibit E. coli RfaH recruitment in vitro. The most potent lead was active against both E. coli and K. pneumoniae RfaHs in vitro. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of identifying RfaH inhibitors using in silico docking and pave the way for rational design of antivirulence therapeutics against antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
Ligand Stimulation Reduces Platelet-derived Growth Factor β-Receptor Susceptibility to Tyrosine Dephosphorylation (2001)

Ligand binding to the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) beta-receptor leads to increased receptor tyrosine phosphorylation as a consequence of dimerization-induced activation of the intrinsic receptor tyrosine kinase activity. In this study we asked whether ligand-stimulated PDGF beta-receptor tyrosine phosphorylation, to some extent, also involved reduced susceptibility to tyrosine dephosphorylation. To investigate this possibility we compared the sensitivity of ligand-stimulated and non-stimulated forms of tyrosine-phosphorylated PDGF beta-receptors to dephosphorylation using various preparations containing protein-tyrosine phosphatase activity. Ligand-stimulated or unstimulated tyrosine-phosphorylated receptors were obtained after incubation of cells with pervanadate only or pervanadate, together with PDGF-BB, respectively. Dephosphorylation of receptors immobilized on wheat germ agglutinin-Sepharose, as well as of receptors in intact cell membranes, was investigated under conditions when rephosphorylation did not occur. As compared with unstimulated receptors the ligand-stimulated PDGF beta-receptors showed about 10-fold reduced sensitivity to dephosphorylation by cell membranes, a recombinant form of the catalytic domain of density-enhanced phosphatase-1, or recombinant protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B. We conclude that ligand-stimulated forms of the PDGF beta-receptor display a reduced susceptibility to dephosphorylation. Our findings suggest a novel mechanism whereby ligand stimulation of PDGF beta-receptor, and possibly other tyrosine kinase receptors, leads to a net increase in receptor tyrosine phosphorylation.
Process Limits of Municipal Wastewater Treatment with the Submerged Membrane Bioreactor (2005)

The submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) is a promising technology for wastewater treatment and water reclamation. This paper presents results from two pilot scale SMBR systems operating in parallel on municipal wastewater in San Diego, Calif. The SMBRs were operated to address the limitations and advantages of the SMBR process compared to conventional activated sludge processes. Minimal membrane fouling was observed throughout the year of testing with the exception of the process limitations. Both pilot units provided consistently high quality effluents throughout the study, even when operating at hydraulic retention times as low as 1.5 h. Two sets of experiments were conducted to identify different fouling conditions. The first experiments were conducted to explore operation at high suspended solids concentrations. The SMBR process experienced adverse performance at mixed liquor suspended solids concentrations greater than approximately 20g∕L. The second experiments explored operation at low mean cell residence time (MCRT). At an MCRT of <2 days, membrane fouling was rapid. Chemical cleaning with sodium hypochlorite solution provided full recovery of the membrane permeability.
The IBM Attila speech recognition toolkit (2010)

We describe the design of IBM's Attila speech recognition toolkit. We show how the combination of a highly modular and efficient library of low-level C++ classes with simple interfaces, an interconnection layer implemented in a modern scripting language (Python), and a standardized collection of scripts for system-building produce a flexible and scalable toolkit that is useful both for basic research and for construction of large transcription systems for competitive evaluations.
Gain-switching of GaInN multiquantum well laserdiodes (2000)

An investigation into the emission and degradation characteristics of GaInN multiquantum well lasers driven by short, high current pulses for both the time and spectral domains is presented. Sub-nanosecond optical pulses with peak powers exceeding 450 mW and gain-switched pulses shorter than 50 ps have been generated.
Structure, Stability, and NMR Properties of Lower Fullerenes C<sub>38</sub>−C<sub>50</sub> and Azafullerene C<sub>44</sub>N<sub>6</sub> (2005)

A systematic survey of the complete set of isomers of fullerenes C(38), C(40), C(42), C(44), C(46), C(48), C(50) and azafullerene C(44)N(6) is reported. All isomeric structures were optimized using first-principle density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-31G level. The isomeric structures with the lowest energies are C(38):17, C(40):38, C(42):45, C(44):75, C(44):89, C(46):109, C(48):171, and C(50):270. The ground-state structure of the azafullerene C(44)N(6) in the framework of C(50):270 has D(3) symmetry. The (13)C NMR chemical shifts and nucleus-independent chemical shifts (NICS) for the stable isomers of each fullerene are presented.
MAPT (Tau) expression is a biomarker for an increased rate of survival in pediatric neuroblastoma (2018)

Although the impact of MAPT (Tau) expression has been well documented for neuronal cells in the context of tauopathies and neurodegenerative diseases, the impact and role of Tau expression in cancer, and specifically cancers of neuronal origin, is in its infancy. To determine the correlation between MAPT expression and survival in pediatric neuroblastoma, MAPT gene expression for samples from the TARGET pediatric neuroblastoma dataset was assessed. Initial analyses indicated that increased MAPT expression correlated with increased overall survival in neuroblastoma but not in ovarian cancer. Expression of apoptosis- and proliferation-effector genes in the neuroblastoma samples was consistent with the MAPT related survival result. Furthermore, we determined that higher neuroblastoma expression of APP also associated with neurodegeneration, correlated with better neuroblastoma survival rates. In sum, Gene expression associated with neuronal degenerative diseases was associated with a better neuroblastoma outcome. Abbreviations: ALS: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; APP: Amyloid Precursor Protein gene; CASP3: Caspase 3 gene; CASP9: Caspase 9 gene; H2AFX: H2A histone family, member X gene; HIST1H2AL: Histone H2A type 1 gene; HIST1H2BK: Histone H2B type 1-K gene; HIST1H3J: Histone H3J gene; HIST1H4B: Histone H4B gene; HIST2H2BE: Histone H2B type 2-E gene; HUGO: human genome organization; KM: Kaplan-Meier survival curve; MAPT: Tau gene; OV: Ovarian cancer; SNCA: alpha-syneculin gene; TARDBP: Transactive response DNA binding protein 43 kDa; TCGA: the cancer genome atlas.
Water Treatment in Nuclear Power Plants (2018)

Nuclear reactors create large quantities of potentially harmful radioactive nuclides. It is the general concern of reactor technologists to achieve some useful objective from the controlled fission process while at the same time rendering harmless the radioactivity produced. Radioactive species, deposited from the coolant on ion-exchange resins, can cause decross-linking or can cause the release of soluble sulfonates or amines. The removal of borated &quot;shim&quot; from the primary coolant system of land-based nuclear power plants must be carefully controlled. Large quantities of boron, with or without radioactivity, are undesirable contaminants for the environment. Therefore, it has become general practice to treat any and all solutions containing boron for final complete and safe disposal. In high-pressure and supercritical cycles in nuclear systems, problems arising from the transport of volatile solutes will be further complicated by the radioactivity of these volatile solutes.
Whole Genome Sequencing Based Surveillance of L. monocytogenes for Early Detection and Investigations of Listeriosis Outbreaks (2019)

In Austria, all laboratories are legally obligated to forward human and food/environmental <i>L. monocytogenes</i> isolates to the National Reference Laboratory/Center (NRL) for <i>Listeria</i>. Two invasive human isolates of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> serotype 1/2a of the same pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern, previously unknown in Austria, were cultured for the first time in January 2016. Five further human isolates, obtained from patients with invasive listeriosis between April 2016 and September 2017, showed this PFGE pattern. In Austria the NRL started to use whole-genome sequencing (WGS) based typing in 2016, using a core genome MLST (cgMLST) scheme developed by Ruppitsch et al. 2015, which contains 1701 target genes. Sequence data are submitted to a publicly available nomenclature server (Ridom GmbH, Münster, Germany) for allocation of the core genome complex type (CT). The seven invasive human isolates differed from each other with zero to two alleles and were allocated to CT1234 (declared as outbreak strain). Among the Austrian strain collection of about 6,000 cgMLST-characterized non-human isolates (i.e., food/environmental isolates) 90 isolates shared CT1234. Out of these, 83 isolates were traced back to one meat processing-company. They differed from the outbreak strain by up to seven alleles; one isolate originated from the company's industrial slicer. The remaining seven CT1234-isolates were obtained from food products of four other companies (five fish-products, one ready-to-eat dumpling and one deer-meat) and differed from the outbreak strain by six to eleven alleles. The outbreak described shows the considerable potential of WGS to identify the source of a listeriosis outbreak. Compared to PFGE analysis, WGS-based typing has higher discriminatory power, yields better data accuracy, and allows higher laboratory through-put at lower cost. Utilization of WGS-based typing results of human and food/ environmental <i>L. monocytogenes</i> isolates by appropriate public health analysts and epidemiologists is indispensable to support a successful outbreak investigation.