gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Sulfated Maltohexaose Inhibition of Heperanase on Ovulation, Corpora Lutea Formation, and Pregnancy. (2009)

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and collagen XVIII, are present in the follicular basal lamina, focimatrix and sub-endothelial basal laminas in large follicles, but following the LH surge the follicular basal lamina and focimatrix are degraded. Heparanase, which degrades the glycosaminoglycan heparan sufate, is upregulated in granulosa cells during ovulation. At ovulation the membrana granulosa becomes vascularised by angiogenesis initiated in the theca interna layer. Angiogensis can be perturbed by sulfated oligosaccharides, such as phosphomannopentaose sulfate (PI 88), which inhibits heparanase activity and competes with heparan sulfate binding of angiogenic growth factors such as FGF and VEGF. We sort to examine the effect of maltohexaose sulfate treatment on ovulation, formation and vascularisation of corpora lutea, and the establishment of pregnancy. Female twenty-five days old mice (CBA × C57BL/6 F1) were treated with 0.3 mg (>25 mg/kg) maltohexaose sulfate or saline daily for four days from time 0 h and subjected to induction of ovulation by treatment with pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG, 5 IU at 0 h) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, 5 IU at 48 h) and mated with a fertile male. Age-matched, untreated mice served as additional controls. Mice were sacrificed at time 0 h, 48 h, 120 h and day 11 (relative to the first injection of PMSG) (n = 20 per group), and ovaries were collected and pregnancy status examined. One ovary was stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) to measure numerical densities of antral follicles and corpora lutea in the ovary, as well as volume density of luteal tissue. Immunohistochemisty for CD34 (endothelial cell marker) and perlecan (localized to sub-endothelial basal lamina) was conducted to quantify the degree of vascularisation of the corpora lutea. In control mice there was a reduction in the number of antral follicles with increasing age, but no effect of treatment with sulfated maltohexaose was observed on antral follicle development. Nor was there any effect of sulfated maltohexaose on corpora lutea formation, or embryo implantation. In addition, this treatment did not have any affect on the vascularisation of the corpora lutea. These findings suggest that heperanase activity may not be critical during the later stages of follicle growth, ovulation and formation of corpora lutea. It also suggests that sulfated maltohexaose may be a safe anti-cancer drug since it does not have a negative effect on fertility. (poster)
Loss of Beta-Catenin Expression in Metastatic Gastric Cancer (2003)

beta-Catenin expression is lost in a subgroup of primary gastric cancers, is frequently absent in metastases, and exhibits nuclear localization in cancers with either beta-catenin or APC gene mutations. Interestingly, the loss of beta-catenin expression in metastatic gastric cancers may result from hypermethylation of the beta-catenin promoter.
DNA-binding miniproteins based on zinc fingers. Assessment of the interaction using nanopores (2018)

Obtaining artificial proteins that mimic the DNA binding properties of natural transcription factors could open new ways of manipulating gene expression at will. In this context it is particularly interesting to develop simple synthetic systems. Inspired by the modularity of natural transcription factors, we have designed synthetic miniproteins that combine the zinc finger module of the transcription factor GAGA and AT-hook peptide domains. These constructs are capable of binding to composite DNA sequences of up to 14 base pairs with high affinity and good selectivity. In particular, we have synthesized three different chimeras and characterized their DNA binding properties by electrophoresis and fluorescence anisotropy. We have also used, for the first time in the study of peptide-based DNA binders, nanopore force spectroscopy to obtain further data on the DNA interaction.
Conical Waves in the Frontier between Linear, Nonlinear and Quantum Optics (2005)

Nonlinear conical waves support stationary and localized modes in presence of nonlinear dissipation and/or chromatic dispersion. The virtually unbounded “conical instability” causes interplay between classical and quantum effects in the nonlinear dynamics of extended waves.
Transparent PC/PMMA Blends Via Reactive Compatibilization in a Twin-Screw Extruder (2019)

The effect of different catalysts on reactive compatibilization of 50/50 polycarbonate (PC)/polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) blends achieved via transesterification that occurs during compounding in a twin-screw extruder was investigated on a phenomenological (optical and mechanical properties), mesoscopic (phase morphology), and molecular level (PC-graft(g)-PMMA-copolymer formation and polymer molecular weight degradation). Formation of PC-(g)-PMMA-copolymer by transesterification resulting in transparent mono-phase PC/PMMA blends with obviously improved compatibility of the two polymer constituents requires use of a suitable catalyst. As a side-effect, PC-(g)-PMMA-copolymer formation by transesterification is always accompanied by a significant simultaneous decomposition of the molecular weight (M<sub>w</sub>) of the PC. For the first time, a colorless, transparent (mono-phase) PC/PMMA 50/50 blend was achieved by a twin-screw extrusion process that can be easily transferred into industrial scale. To achieve this milestone, 0.05 wt% of a weakly acidic phosphonium salt catalyst had to be applied. As a result of the decrease in M<sub>w</sub> of the PC, the mechanical properties (e.g., tensile strain at break and impact strength) of the obtained blends were significantly deteriorated rather than improved as targeted by the polymer compatibilization; therefore, the produced transparent PC/PMMA blends are considered not yet technically suitable for any industrial applications. Different manufacturing process strategies that do not inherently result in PC degradation as a side effect of PC-graft(g)-PMMA-copolymer formation have to be developed to potentially achieve transparent PC/PMMA blends with a useful balance of properties. Based on the experimental observations of this study, a new mechanism of the transesterification reaction occurring during reactive compounding of PC and PMMA in the presence of the effective catalysts is proposed.
The Split Common Null Point Problem (2011)

We introduce and study the Split Common Null Point Problem (SCNPP) for set-valued maximal monotone mappings in Hilbert spaces. This problem generalizes our Split Variational Inequality Problem (SVIP) [Y. Censor, A. Gibali and S. Reich, Algorithms for the split variational inequality problem, Numerical Algorithms 59 (2012), 301--323]. The SCNPP with only two set-valued mappings entails finding a zero of a maximal monotone mapping in one space, the image of which under a given bounded linear transformation is a zero of another maximal monotone mapping. We present four iterative algorithms that solve such problems in Hilbert spaces, and establish weak convergence for one and strong convergence for the other three.
Propagation method for the solution of the arrangement-channel coupling equations for reactive scattering in three dimensions (1987)

We present a new methodology for solving the three-dimensional reactive scattering problem. It is based upon a convenient choice of coordinates with the arrangement channels coupled either by the Fock method or by the wave function component form of arrangement-channel quantum mechanics. The resulting coupled ordinary differential equations are cast in a form suitable for use with standard nonreactive scattering codes. The method involves no matching of solutions from different arrangements and no numerical derivatives, interpolations of multidimensional functions, or nonlocal kernels.
Radiative transfer in axisymmetric, finite cylindrical enclosures (1984)

Modele de transfert radiatif axisymetrique a 2 dimensions pour un milieu heterogene, diffusant de facon anisotrope, emissif, absorbant base sur l'approximation d'harmoniques spheriques du 3eme ordre
Improvement in the efficiency of formyl transfer of a GAR transformylase hybrid enzyme (2000)

A hybrid glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase was assembled from two protein domains that were treated as discrete modules. One module contained the ribonucleotide binding domain from the purN glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase; the second module contained the catalytic machinery and the formyl tetrahydrofolate binding domain from the enzyme encoded by purU, formyl tetrahydrofolate hydrolase. The resultant enzyme showed 0.1% catalytic activity of the wild-type glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase enzyme but had a formyl transfer efficiency of 10%. A combinatorial mutagenesis approach was used to improve the solubility and formyl transfer properties of the hybrid enzyme. The mutagenized hybrid glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase was initially expressed as a fusion to the alpha-peptide of beta-galactosidase. Clones were selected for improvement in solubility by determining which clones were capable of alpha-complementation using a blue/white screen. One clone was further characterized and found to have an improved efficiency of transfer of the ribonucleotide increasing this property to >95%.
<scp>DNA</scp> Topoisomerase Targeting Drugs (2022)

Overview Topoisomerases are an important class of enzymes that are ubiquitously expressed across all organisms, and function to resolve deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) supercoiling and prevent and resolve ribonucleic acid (RNA) entanglements. These biochemically distinct enzymes play a critical role in DNA replication, transcription, and cellular division. Inhibitors that target specific topoisomerases, therefore, represent a major component of the anticancer chemotherapeutic armamentarium. In this chapter, we provide an overview of topoisomerase biology and topoisomerase inhibitors. We review the common and specific mechanisms of action and the molecular pharmacology of the drugs that target the topoisomerase cleavage complexes by interfacial inhibition. Molecular pathways for cancer cell death and DNA repair associated with each specific topoisomerase inhibitor are discussed. Other mechanisms of anticancer activity of selected topoisomerase inhibitors that include DNA intercalation and/or generation of oxygen radicals destabilizing and damaging chromatin structure are described. We summarize the clinical use, toxicity profile, and the molecular basis of sensitivity and resistance to topoisomerase inhibitors. We also discuss the pharmacogenomics focusing on genetic variants in drug‐metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and other proteins associated with topoisomerase inhibitors. Evolving data demonstrate the important role of molecular profiling and analysis of genetic variants in individuals that enable personalized dosing and enhance therapeutic efficacy, minimizing toxicity. Ongoing efforts focus on optimization of treatment selection, identification of novel combination therapies, elucidation of the molecular basis of response and resistance, and development of strategies for tumor‐targeted delivery based on tumor molecular signatures.
A Perspective on Rheological Studies of Gas Hydrate Slurry Properties (2018)

Gas hydrates are solid inclusion compounds that are composed of a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network of water cages that can trap small gas molecules, such as methane and carbon dioxide. Understanding the rheological properties of gas hydrate crystals in solution can be critical in a number of energy applications, including the transportation of natural gas in subsea and onshore operations, as well as technological applications for gas separation, desalination, or sequestration. A number of experimental and modeling studies have been done on hydrate slurry rheology; however, the link between theory and experiment is not well-defined. This article provides a review on the current state of the art of hydrate slurry viscosity measurements from high- and low-pressure rheometer studies and high-pressure flowloops over a range of different sub-cooling (ΔTsub = Tequil − Texp) and fluid conditions, including for water and oil continuous systems. The theoretical models that have been developed to describe the gas hydrate slurry relative viscosity are also reviewed. Perspectives’ linkage between the experiments and theory is also discussed.
The Comparative Survey of Coordinated Regulation of Steroidogenic Pathway in Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and Chinese Tongue Sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) (2022)

Steroidogenesis controls the conversion of cholesterol into steroid hormones through the complex cascade reaction of various enzymes, which play essential roles in sexual differentiation and gonadal development in vertebrates, including teleosts. Japanese flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) and Chinese tongue sole (<i>Cynoglossus semilaevis</i>) are important marine cultured fishes in China and have remarkable sexual dimorphism with bigger females and sex reversal scenarios from female to neo-male. Several steroidogenic genes have been analyzed individually in the two species, but there is a lack of information on the coordinated interaction of steroidogenic gene regulation. Therefore, in this study, through genomic and transcriptomic analysis, 39 and 42 steroidogenic genes were systematically characterized in <i>P. olivaceus</i> and <i>C. semilaevis</i> genomes, respectively. Phylogenetic and synteny analysis suggested a teleost specific genome duplication origin for <i>cyp19a1a</i>/<i>cyp19a1b</i>, <i>hsd17b12a</i>/<i>hsd17b12b</i>, <i>ara</i>/<i>arb</i> and <i>esr2a</i>/<i>esr2b</i> but not for <i>star</i>/<i>star2</i> and <i>cyp17a1</i>/<i>cyp17a2</i>. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed conserved expression patterns for steroidogenic genes in <i>P. olivaceus</i> and <i>C. smilaevis</i> gonads; <i>star</i>/<i>star2</i>, <i>cyp11a</i>/<i>cyp11c</i>, <i>cyp17a1</i>/<i>cyp17a2</i>, <i>cyp21a</i>, <i>hsd3b1</i>, <i>hsd11b</i> and <i>hsd20b</i> were strongly expressed in testis, while <i>cyp19a1a</i> and <i>hsd17b</i> genes were highly expressed in ovaries. Only a few genes were differentially expressed between male and neo-male testis of both <i>P. olivaceus</i> and <i>C. semilaevis</i>, and even fewer genes were differentially regulated in the brains of both species. Network analysis indicated that <i>cyp11c</i>, <i>cyp17a1</i> and <i>hsd3b1</i> actively interacted with other steroidogenic genes in <i>P. olivaceus</i> and <i>C. semilaevis</i>, and may play a more sophisticated role in the steroid hormone biosynthesis cascade. The coordinated interaction of steroidogenic genes provided comprehensive insights into steroidogenic pathway regulation with a global biological impact, as well as sexual development in teleost species.
Inherent transmission-capacity penalty of burst-mode receivers for all-optical multiple-access networks (1994)

We show that there is an inherent transmission-capacity penalty for all burst-mode optical receivers due to the finite holding time constant τf of the adaptive threshold control circuit. The fundamental degradation of the system depends on a decay parameter k. k should be ≤ 0.25 for a system power penalty of 1 dB. For ATM packets, the capacity penalty is approximately 12%, independent of the bit rate.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient, Practical Synthesis of Substituted Resorcinols: Synthesis of DB‐2073 and Olivetol. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Level of Neighborhood Deprivation Predicts Fruit &amp; Vegetable and Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake in Children Aged 12–24 Months (2021)

The first USDA Dietary Guidelines for Americans for children under 2 were released in December, 2020, and recommend a diverse diet rich in fruits and vegetables (FV), whole grains and lean protein and avoidance of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). We analyzed data for children 12–24 months enrolled in the CDC-funded PREVAIL Cohort in Cincinnati, OH to assess adherence to FV and SSB recommendations by the socioeconomic position (SEP) of their neighborhoods. Diet was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and daily servings of FV and SSB were calculated. Home addresses were geocoded and merged with the Deprivation Index, a validated measure of census tract-level SEP, with residence then classified as being High SEP (least deprived), Low SEP (most deprived) or the middle quartiles of deprivation score. Comparisons of FV and SSB intake were made using logistic or Poisson regression and generalized estimating equations (GEE). Dietary data was available for N = 207 children from research visits at 12 (n = 155), 18 (n = 196), and 24 (n = 171) months. Residents in High SEP neighborhoods were 86% white with a median household income of ≥$50,000; residents of Low SEP neighborhoods were 86% Black with a median income of ≤$25,000. Children in High SEP consumed the most and those in Low SEP the least FV per day (mos. 12, 18, 24: High: 3.8, 3.8, 4.5; Low: 2.1, 2.7, 3.2; all P < 0.05). While only 16.8% of children consumed any SSB at month 12, Low SEP children were 13.4 times more likely to consume any SSB than High SEP (37.8% vs 4.4%, P = 0.001). At month 24, 27.4% of High SEP children consumed any SSB and 7.8% consumed SSB at least once daily compared to 58.4% and 27.8%, respectively, in Low SEP children (P < 0.05). In univariate GEE models, children in Low SEP neighborhoods averaged 1/3 fewer FV but 4.6-times more SSB (all P < 0.01) compared to children in High SEP neighborhoods. The middle quartiles of deprivation index were intermediate in their FV and SSB intake. In the PREVAIL Cohort, children in more deprived neighborhoods consumed significantly fewer fruits and vegetables and more sugar-sweetened beverages than those in more affluent neighborhoods. Efforts to improve diet quality should focus on promoting and enabling healthy food and beverage consumption in low SEP neighborhoods. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Parameters of a glow discharge in CF{sub 4} (1992)

Measurements are presented of the reduced electric field E{sub z}/N (where E{sub z} is the longitudinal electric field strength and N is the neutral particle number density) in the positive column of a constant-current discharge in carbon tetrafluoride CF{sub 4} in the pressure range p = 0.2-2.3 torr and discharge current range I = 10-90 mA (corresponding to a current density j = 3.9-35 mA/cm{sup 2}). The measured values of the reduced electric field are described within experimental error by a single function E{sub z}/N of r{sub 0}N, where r{sub 0} = 0.9 cm is the discharge tube radius. It is concluded that in the positive column of a constant-current discharge in CF{sub 4} direct ionization of CF{sub 4} molecules by electron impact dominates other possible ionization mechanisms, e.g., ionization of CF{sub 4} discharge using different models of the positive column; here the agreement between the calculated and experimental dependence of E{sub z}/N on r{sub 0}N serves as a criterion for evaluating the description of the discharge by the various models. The calculations reveal that in order to describe the positive column of a glow discharge in CF{sub 4} accurately it is necessary first to correctly take into account themore » effect of negative ions on the charged-particle balance (including the effect of striation in the positive column on regions with markedly different ion densities); secondly, it is shown that the nonlocal spatial behavior of the electron rate coefficients must be taken into account by solving the Boltzmann equation for the electron energy distribution function in the spatially nonuniform case. 8 refs., 5 figs.« less
Room-Temperature Chromium(II)-Catalyzed Direct Arylation of Pyridines, Aryl Oxazolines, and Imines Using Arylmagnesium Reagents (2014)

We report a CrCl2-catalyzed oxidative arylation of various pyridines, aryl oxazolines, and aryl imines using aromatic Grignard reagents in the presence of 2,3-dichlorobutane (DCB). Most of the reactions proceed rapidly at 25 °C and do not require any additional ligand. Benzo[h]quinoline, 2-arylpyridine, aryl oxazoline, and imines were successfully arylated in good yields under these conditions. A TMS-substituent was used to prevent double arylation. After oxidative cross-coupling the TMS-group was further converted to a second ortho-aryl substituent. Remarkably, inexpensive aryl N-butylimine derivatives are excellent substrates for this oxidative arylation.
A System for Near Real-Time 3D Reconstruction from Multi-view Using 4G Enabled Mobile (2014)

Rapid or real time dense 3D reconstruction of indoor or outdoor model using mobile phone camera has become an active research topic because of the importance of 3D models in different application like remote monitoring system and visualization. In this paper we propose an application as well a system architecture which captures images using a hand held mobile Smart phone and generate an accurate and dense 3D model in a connected server using parallel computation. The method performs near real time accurate dense 3D model generation from streaming data. The application is capable of adaptive data transmission based on available network bandwidth. A comparison is presented for different amount of data transmission. The main computation is performed on a high end server system that reconstructs an accurate and complete 3D model with registration between all created models.
Flow-Based Image Abstraction (2008)

We present a non-photorealistic rendering technique that automatically delivers a stylized abstraction of a photograph. Our approach is based on shape/color filtering guided by a vector field that describes the flow of salient features in the image. This flow-based filtering significantly improves the abstraction performance in terms of feature enhancement and stylization. Our method is simple, fast, and easy to implement. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in producing stylistic and feature-enhancing illustrations from photographs.
A Time-Efficient Dip Coating Technique for the Deposition of Microgels onto the Optical Fiber Tip (2018)

The combination of responsive microgels and Lab-on-Fiber devices represents a valuable technological tool for developing advanced optrodes, especially useful for biomedical applications. Recently, we have reported on a fabrication method, based on the dip coating technique, for creating a microgels monolayer in a controlled fashion onto the fiber tip. In the wake of these results, with a view towards industrial applications, here we carefully analyze, by means of both morphological and optical characterizations, the effect of each fabrication step (fiber dipping, rinsing, and drying) on the microgels film properties. Interestingly, we demonstrate that it is possible to significantly reduce the duration (from 960 min to 31 min) and the complexity of the fabrication procedure, without compromising the quality of the microgels film at all. Repeatability studies are carried out to confirm the validity of the optimized deposition procedure. Moreover, the new procedure is successfully applied to different kinds of substrates (patterned gold and bare optical fiber glass), demonstrating the generality of our findings. Overall, the results presented in this work offer the possibility to improve of a factor ~30 the fabrication throughput of microgels-assisted optical fiber probes, thus enabling their possible exploitation in industrial applications.
Ultra-Wide Band Tunable Lasers on the PolyBoard Polymer-Waveguide Based Photonic Integration Platform (2018)

Two III/V-polymer tunable laser implementations are presented, showing tunability of more than 50 nm beyond the extended C-band, or the possibility of more than 100 nm tuning along the C+L-bands, respectively.