gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-calibrating lensless inline-holographic microscopy by a sample holder with reference structures (2014)

A self-calibration technique for lensless compact chip-microscopes based on inline holography with pinhole illumination is presented. The pinhole illumination wave acts as reference and is needed for the reconstruction process. This reference wave is assumed to be spherical, so that its phase is already determined by the position of the pinhole in relation to the image sensor. It is shown that the reconstructed spatial resolution is strongly dependent on the estimation for the pinhole to sensor distance. A precision in the range of tens of microns was reached for microscopic imaging with a spatial resolution in the range of one micron. Therefore additional reference crosses are prepared lithographically on the sample holder. The hologram, which contains the optical information about the sample as well as the reference crosses, is used for calibration and image reconstruction at the same time. The presented technique was tested to allow the reconstruction of a spatial resolution corresponding to the limit of detection apertures of about 0.66. The technique was applied to holograms of test beads and blood smear samples.
MECHANISMS OF ELEVATION OF RAT BRAIN TRYPTOPHAN CONCENTRATION BY VARIOUS DOSES OF SALICYLATE (1982)

1 The roles of inhibition of liver tryptophan pyrrolase activity and of displacement of tryptophan from its binding sites on serum proteins have been investigated in relation to the increase in rat brain tryptophan concentration after administration of various doses of sodium salicylate. 2 The elevation of brain tryptophan concentration by sodium salicylate (0.5 mg/kg) was caused by inhibition of liver pyrrolase activity, whereas that by doses of the drug of 50 mg/kg and above was achieved mainly by tryptophan displacement. Both tryptophan displacement of pyrrolase inhibition caused the increase in brain tryptophan concentration by sodium salicylate at 10 mg/kg. 3 The smallest dose of salicylate capable of displacing serum-protein-bound tryptophan was 2.5 mg/kg.
Boosting the Optoelectronic Properties of Molybdenum Diselenide by Combining Phase Transition Engineering with Organic Cationic Dye Doping (2021)

Two-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been investigated intensively as next-generation semiconducting materials. However, conventional TMD-based devices exhibit large contact resistance at the interface between the TMD and the metal electrode because of Fermi level pinning and the Schottky barrier, which results in poor charge injection. Here, we present enhanced charge transport characteristics in molybdenum diselenide (MoSe<sub>2</sub>) by means of a sequential engineering process called PESOD-2H/1T (<i>i.e</i>., phase transition engineering combined with surface transfer organic cationic dye doping; 2H and 1T represent the trigonal prismatic and octahedral phases, respectively). Substantial improvements are observed in PESOD-processed MoSe<sub>2</sub> phototransistors, specifically, an approximately 40 000-fold increase in effective carrier mobility and a 100 000-fold increase in photoresponsivity, compared with the mobility and photoresponsivity of intact MoSe<sub>2</sub> phototransistors. Moreover, the PESOD-processed MoSe<sub>2</sub> phototransistor on a flexible substrate maintains its optoelectronic properties under tensile stress, with a bending radius of 5 mm.
Thromboxane A2 acts as tonic immunoregulator by preferential disruption of low-avidity CD4+ T cell–dendritic cell interactions (2014)

Interactions between dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells control the decision between activation and tolerance induction. Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and its receptor TP have been suggested to regulate adaptive immune responses through control of T cell-DC interactions. Here, we show that this control is achieved by selectively reducing expansion of low-avidity CD4(+) T cells. During inflammation, weak tetramer-binding TP-deficient CD4(+) T cells were preferentially expanded compared with TP-proficient CD4(+) T cells. Using intravital imaging of cellular interactions in reactive peripheral lymph nodes (PLNs), we found that TXA2 led to disruption of low- but not high-avidity interactions between DCs and CD4(+) T cells. Lack of TP correlated with higher expression of activation markers on stimulated CD4(+) T cells and with augmented accumulation of follicular helper T cells (TFH), which correlated with increased low-avidity IgG responses. In sum, our data suggest that tonic suppression of weak CD4(+) T cell-DC interactions by TXA2-TP signaling improves the overall quality of adaptive immune responses.
A NEW ROUTE TO AMINONITRILES VIA CYANOSILYLATION OF SCHIFF BASES AND OXIMES (1975)

Abstract Trimethylsilyl cyanide was found to react with Schiff bases and oximes in the presence of a catalytic amount of Lewis acids to afford N-trimethylsilyl-α-aminonitriles and N-trimethylsilyloxy-α-aminonitriles in excellent yields, which were easily hydrolyzed to the corresponding α-aminonitriles and α-hydroxyaminonitriles.
Enhanced bone tissue formation by alginate gel‐assisted cell seeding in porous ceramic scaffolds and sustained release of growth factor (2012)

Increasing cell seeding efficiency in a tissue engineering construct can enhance cellular activity and tissue formation in vivo. Here, we demonstrate the use of alginate gel as a secondary phase material in 3D porous β-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds to improve cell seeding and provide controlled release of growth factors for bone tissue engineering. Cells were seeded in scaffolds in three ways: conventional seeding (CS), alginate gel-assisted seeding (GS), and alginate GS with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2, GSB). In vitro study with MG-63 cells showed that cell seeding efficiency and cell population 1 week after seeding were significantly elevated in GS and GSB samples compared to CS samples. The GSB system demonstrated a sustained, steady release of BMP-2 over 2 weeks. In vivo, scaffolds seeded with rat mesenchymal stem cells were implanted ectopically into Sprague-Dawley rats for 8 weeks. GS and GSB samples exhibited improved osteogenic activity, with the GSB samples inducing the greatest osteocalcin and osteoid deposition. This study suggests that the alginate gel-assisted cell seeding increases seeding efficiency and allows for sustained release of growth factors. The use of the secondary phase polymer bolsters bone formation in vivo and has the potential for improving outcome in other tissue engineering applications.
A joint effect of new western diet and retinoid X receptor alpha prostate‐specific knockout with development of high‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in mice—A preliminary study (2012)

This study provides preliminary data to support a joint RXRα-diet effect in prostate carcinogenesis.
Anti–<i>N</i>‐methyl‐<scp>D</scp>‐aspartate receptor antibodies, cognitive dysfunction, and depression in systemic lupus erythematosus (2006)

Serum anti-NR2 antibodies are associated with depressive mood but not with cognitive dysfunction in SLE at a given time point. Larger longitudinal studies are needed to address the possible association between anti-NR2 antibodies and depression in SLE.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling of a Tertiary Iodocyclopropane with Wide Boronic Acid Substrate Scope: Coupling Reaction Outcome Depends on Radical Species Stability. (2015)

Abstract This is the first transition metal‐catalyzed Suzuki—Miyaura coupling reaction between a tertiary alkyl halide and a wide variety of aromatic boronic acids.
Synthesis, Purification and Characterization of Aptamer Peptides to Synthesize Anticancer Bioconjugated (2021)

Conventional cancer treatments have side effects, decreased quality of life of patients and may contribute to multidrug resistance. An alternative to the current anticancer treatments is the use of antitumor peptides, such as Melittin, because they are molecules that inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and are selective to tumor targets. However, they have low specificity and high toxicity relative to normal cells, leading to the need to work with bioconjugated antitumor aptamers peptides, which are more selective and lead to greater efficacy in killing tumor cells. In this work, three peptides (sequences: FNLPLPSRPLLR, GGVSCMQTSPVCENNL, NPGTCKDKWIECLLNG) were synthesized by Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis and purified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The strains worked on were MCF-7, MRC-5 and A549. Membrane labeling of the aptamers peptides was performed by In Cell Analyzer and flow cytometry. Cell viability was performed by MTT assays. The results obtained demonstrate that the aptamers peptides did not cause the death of the cell lines and that they present more evident markings on membrane proteins of the MCF-7 strain. Melittin showed cytotoxic action in all cell lines. Aptamers peptides can bring a greater specificity and selectivity for the anticancer molecules, as Melittin, considering its binding to target proteins in tumor cells. Next steps include conjugation of aptamers with Melittin, evaluation of the antitumor potential and mechanism of action of the bioconjugates.
“Working the system”: The experience of being a primary care patient (2014)

Health care providers and system administrators are in the midst of a paradigm shift; moving from paternalism toward an egalitarian approach. For patient centred care to occur, health care providers must prioritize patient needs; provide information regarding treatments while taking patient preferences and expectations into account. While there is literature regarding patient centredness, there is less information from the patient perspective about the experience of being a patient and the influence on behaviour. Using phenomenological research methods and the theory of planned behaviour as a theoretical framework, this study addressed the questions, a) what is the essence of being a primary health care patient, and b) what influence do beliefs, attitudes, and experience have on people’s behaviour as a patient? Nineteen individuals participated. Seven shared elements of being a primary health care patient were identified and contributed to the development of a composite vignette. The patient experience was a socially oriented, governed and reinforced cyclical process. Patients described themselves as actively engaged in their health care – “working the system” to get what they needed, when they needed it. Patients changed their beliefs, attitudes and behaviour as a result of experiences with their physicians, and their perceived success or failure in acquiring the best health care possible. Being a patient was not a single, observable behaviour, but rather a set of contextually dependent strategies patients’ directed at the specific goal of getting the best healthcare possible. The theory of planned behaviour was unsuitable for understanding patients’ beliefs, attitudes and behaviour.
Novel Analytical Workflow for Comprehensive Non-targeted Phytochemical Metabolic Profiling (2015)

The understanding and interpretation of pharmacological properties on a molecular level is of great importance for many different fields of research. Our study provides a novel model work-flow for comprehensive metabolic profiling by structural identification of relevant metabolites not limited to phytochemistry applications. High resolution liquid chromatography mass spectrometry LC-MS/MS data can be directly correlated with pharmacological test results on a molecular level. Thus the understanding and interpretation of pharmacological properties is supported by structural and chemical information.
Partitioning of Polymer and Inorganic Colloids in Two-Phase Aqueous Polymer Systems (1997)

The well-known phenomenon of partitioning of bioparticles in two-phase aqueous polymeric systems is extended to a variety of polymer (acrylic latex) and inorganic (TiO2) colloidal particles. It is demonstrated that particle partitioning into a particular phase is controlled in rational ways by particle surface chemistry, viz., hydrophobicity, functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl, and pH effects, in relation to the chemical nature of the water soluble polymers (WSPs) that comprise the phase-separated system. WSPs include poly(ethylene oxide), poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone), dextran, and a hydrophobe-terminated water soluble polyurethane based on polyethylene oxide. Mixtures of colloidal particles can be separated by selective partitioning.
Targeting DNA repair pathways for cancer treatment: what's new? (2014)

ABSTRACT:  Disruptions in DNA repair pathways predispose cells to accumulating DNA damage. A growing body of evidence indicates that tumors accumulate progressively more mutations in DNA repair proteins as cancers progress. DNA repair mechanisms greatly affect the response to cytotoxic treatments, so understanding those mechanisms and finding ways to turn dysregulated repair processes against themselves to induce tumor death is the goal of all DNA repair inhibition efforts. Inhibition may be direct or indirect. This burgeoning field of research is replete with promise and challenge, as more intricacies of each repair pathway are discovered. In an era of increasing concern about healthcare costs, use of DNA repair inhibitors can prove to be highly effective stewardship of R&D resources and patient expenses.
Photoinduced charge-transfer dissociation of hydrogen halides on silver and potassium (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoinduced charge-transfer dissociation of hydrogen halides on silver and potassiumSt. J. Dixon-Warren, J. C. Polanyi, C. D. Stanners, and G. Q. XuCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 15, 5664–5666Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100378a011https://doi.org/10.1021/j100378a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views43Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Role of proton dynamics in efficient photoionization of hydrocarbon molecules (2014)

We experimentally investigate the ionization mechanism behind the formation of remarkably high charge states observed in the laser-pulse-induced fragmentation of different hydrocarbon molecules by Roither et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 163001 (2011)], who suggested enhanced ionization occurring at multiple C-H bonds as the underlying ionization mechanism. Using multiparticle coincidence momentum imaging we measure the yield of multiply charged fragmenting ethylene and acetylene molecules at several intensities and pulse durations ranging from the few-cycle regime to 25 fs. We observe, at constant intensity, a strong increase of the proton energy with increasing laser pulse duration. It is shown that this is caused by a strong increase in the yield of highly charged parent molecular ions with pulse duration. Based on experimental evidence we explain this increase by the necessary population of precursor states in the parent ion that feature fast C-H stretch dynamics to the critical internuclear distance, where efficient ionization via enhanced ionization takes place. For increasing pulse duration these precursor ionic states are more efficiently populated, which leads in turn to a higher enhanced-ionization probability for longer pulses. Our work provides experimental evidence for the existence of a multiple-bond version of enhanced ionization in polyatomic molecules.
Zilver stent versus Carotid Wallstent for endovascular treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (2023)

Stent choice may affect VSS outcomes. The Zilver stent provided better clinical outcomes than the Carotid Wallstent, with significantly shorter procedure times. Larger studies are needed to determine the efficacy of available venous stents for IIH.
Robust Bayesian Spectral Analysis Via Mcmc Sampling (1998)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Rhodes, Greece, 1998
A New Advanced Method for an Accurate Assessment of Harmonic and Supraharmonic Distortion in Power System Waveforms (2021)

Waveforms distortion is a pressing concern in Smart Grids where a massive presence of new technologies in distributed energy resources and in advanced smart metering systems is expected. In this context, the increasing diffusion of high switching frequencies static converters and the growing usage of Power Line Communication push for research dealing with the assessment of waveforms with spectral components up to 150 kHz. The analysis of such waveforms is a challenge for researchers due to the contemporaneous presence of a high number of spectral components in the range of low- (up to 2 kHz) and high- (up to 150 kHz) frequencies, with their opposite needs in term of time window length (and frequency resolution). The main idea of this paper is to improve the performances of existing methods by using a joint method of analysis based on a profitable strategy of divide and conquer; the method guarantees the best compromise between accuracy and computational efforts. A Discrete Wavelet Transform initially divides the original waveform to obtain two frequency bands: the wavelet suitability for conducting multi-resolution time-frequency analysis on waveforms in different frequency bands with different frequency resolution is effectively exploited. Then, the sliding-window modified ESPRIT method and the sliding-window Discrete Fourier Transform which uses a Nuttal window are used for the analysis of the low- and high-frequency bands, respectively; the positive characteristics of each method are exploited, minimizing the drawbacks and integrating their behavior so that the whole joint method allows an accurate estimation of each low- and high-frequency spectral component with the required acceptable computational efforts. The proposed method is tested on synthetic and measured waveforms in terms of accuracy and computational efforts. The analysis of the numerical application results clearly reveals that the proposed method improves the performances of existing methods of analysis in the examined cases.
Intralesional treatment of stage III metastatic melanoma patients with L19-IL2: Clinical and systemic immunological responses. (2014)

9041^ Background: In previous studies, intralesional injection with interleukin-2 (IL2) showed efficacy for the intratumoral treatment of cutaneous/subcutaneous metastases in advanced melanoma patients. Objectives of this multicenter study (ClinicalTrials.gov Id.: NCT01253096) were to investigate whether intralesional delivery of L19-IL2, a targeted form of IL2, would yield similar results with reduced injection frequency and treatment duration and whether systemic immune responses were induced by the local treatment. L19-IL2 is a recombinant fusion protein, consisting of IL2 fused to a single-chain monoclonal antibody (L19) directed against extradomain B of fibronectin, a well-characterized marker of angiogenesis. Methods: Twenty-five patients with unresectable Stage IIIB/IIIC melanoma and cutaneous/subcutaneous injectable metastases received intratumoral injections of L19-IL2 once per week at a maximum daily dose of 10 MIU for 4 consecutive weeks. Tumor response was evaluated twelve weeks after the first treatment. Results: Twenty-four of 25 enrolled patients were evaluable. Toxicities were mild and comparable to that of free IL2. No serious adverse event was recorded. A complete response of all metastases was achieved in 6 patients (25%), which was long-lasting in most cases (5 patients ≥ 24 months). Analysis of progression rates for these patients seems to show an effect of intratumoral injection of L19-IL2 in retarding spread of the disease to distant lymph nodes or appearance of visceral metastases, as compared to historical controls. A significant temporary increase of peripheral regulatory T cells and a sustained decrease of myeloid-derived suppressor cells was observed upon treatment. Conclusions: Intratumoral L19-IL2 treatment elicited objective responses in a high percentage of lesions. The targeted form of IL2 yielded results similar to those of the untargeted cytokine, but at lower cumulative doses and more favorable schedule and treatment duration. Analysis of progression and survival rates for these patients indicates a substantial advantage, compared to historical controls, in terms of overall survival and distant metastasis-free survival. Clinical trial information: NCT01253096.
CO2 Storage and Utilization in Tight Hydrocarbon-bearing Formations: A Case Study of the Bakken Formation in the Williston Basin (2014)

Little work has been done to examine the ability of tight hydrocarbon-bearing formations to serve as targets for CO2 storage and utilization. The Bakken Formation is one of the largest tight oil formations in North America. Laboratory experiments using Bakken rocks and fluids, evaluation of reservoir characterization data, and geomodeling activities were conducted to understand the potential for CO2 utilization and storage in tight oil formations. Results suggest that tight oil formations may serve as targets for geologic storage of CO2 and that the injection of CO2 may be effective in enhancing the productivity of oil from those formations.
STRENGTH OF INTERSECTIONS IN COMPOSITE SANDWICH VESSELS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSURE (1991)

53-60
Visualization of Surfactant Flooding in Tight Reservoir Using Microfluidics (2023)

Abstract Surfactant flooding is among the most studied and widespread EOR technologies that is being introduced into tight and low-permeable reservoirs to mobilize trapped oil. Typically, the selection of formulations for chemical flooding is associated with numerous challenges and constraints such as time-consuming core flooding tests, the high cost of the tests with modern saturation control methods, and a limited amount of core samples. To overcome these issues, microfluidic technology was applied to optimize the screening of surfactant compositions for flooding. The workflow of this project consisted of five main steps: (1) fabrication of microfluidic chips, (2) surfactant screening in bulk, (3) surfactant flooding in microfluidic chips, (4) image analysis and data interpretation. Silicon-glass microfluidic chips, which are 2D representatives of the reservoir porous media, were used in the experiments. The porous structure geometry was developed based on CT images of core samples from a particular field with low permeability. For the selected surfactants, interfacial behavior on the boundary with n-decane was studied and correlated with hydrocarbon recovery ability. The results obtained revealed that the IFT patterns have a significant influence on displacement efficiency. Thus, the surfactant compositions with a lower initial IFT than the equilibrium value achieved higher recovery factors.
Health Care Utilization for Low Back Pain in Belgium (1995)

LBP frequency, health beliefs, and sociocultural factors influence health care behaviors and utilization among adults with a history of LBP in a society with universal access to health care. The association of history of spinal surgery with reports of daily LBP suggests that spinal surgery has failed, at least partly, to relieve LBP.