gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FFT-based approach to longitudinal interpolation in single- and multi-slice helical CT (2003)

Presents an approach to single- and multi-slice helical computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction that exploits the fast Fourier transform (FFT) and the Fourier shift theorem to generate from the helical projection data a set of fan-beam sinograms corresponding to equispaced transverse slices. Slice-by-slice reconstruction is then performed by use of two-dimensional (2D) fan-beam algorithms. A natural extension of the approach allows the redundancy of fan-beam data acquired over 360/spl deg/ to be exploited to decrease the effective longitudinal sampling interval. The approach is found to perform best at pitch 1 for the single-slice case and pitch 3 for the multi-slice case, when its sampling conditions are well satisfied, yielding high-quality transverse images and longitudinal aliasing and resolution properties superior to those of standard approaches based on linear interpolation.
Precision pointing control of a flexible structure for space applications (2003)

The results of a simulation study of pointing the pinhole occulter facility (POF) by the instrument pointing system (IPS) mounted on the Space Station. The POF is an experimental payload that includes a self-deployable 30-m flexible boom. The long flexible boom causes low-frequency structural vibrations. The POF pointing performance at the tip and base are achieved by torque commands applied by the IPS at the base of the boom only. The IPS control torques are computed from attitude measurements of the boom base, and state feedbacks of the boom tip. Accelerations of the base are used for disturbance reduction. A three-axis simulation is developed with IPS/POF for pointing performance analysis. The larger Space Station disturbances, such as crew movement and treadmill operation, are modeled. The study results show that the IPS/POF configuration on the Space Station will satisfy the POF precision pointing requirements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Mechanically Mediated Crosstalk in Heart (2005)

This review covers aspects of the cardiac mechanotransduction field at different levels, and advocates the possibility that mechanoelectro-chemical transduction forms part of a network of mechanically linked crosstalk in heart – Mechanically Mediated Crosstalk (MMC). It assembles evidence and observations in the literature to promote this hypothesis. Mechanical components can provide the bond between interactions at molecular, cellular, and macro levels to enable the crosstalk. Stretch activated channels exist in heart, but stresses and strains can affect other membrane channels or receptors. A cellular mechanical change can thus promote several ionic or downstream changes. Cell signal cascades have been implicated and, mostly via intracellular Ca, can affect membrane electrophysiology. MMC could shape downstream signals to alter intracellular Ca. MMC also spans other regulatory systems and processes, such as the autonomic nervous system, and in addition, operates through to the whole heart as an integrative system. Finally, supporting the hypothesis, if elements of the normal crosstalk become deranged it contributes to cardiovascular disease and, potentially, lethal arrhythmia.
Lidar Development at NASA Langley Research Center for Vehicle Navigation and Landing in GPS Denied Environments (2018)

NASA missions for human or robotic landings on planetary bodies require precision state navigation estimates obtained from sensing modalities that are self-contained, and applicable to GPS-denied environments. The Navigation Doppler Lidar meets these requirements by providing precision velocity vectors and altitude data.
Non‐lysosomal degradation of misfolded human lysozymes with and without an asparagine‐linked glycosylation site (1992)

Human lysozyme is a monomeric secretory protein composed of 130 amino acid residues, with four intramolecular disulfide bonds and no oligosaccharides. In this study, a mutant protein, [Ala128] lysozyme, which cannot fold because it lacks a disulfide bond, Cys6-Cys128, was expressed in mouse fibroblasts and was found to be mostly degraded in the cells, whereas the control wild-type lysozyme was quantitatively secreted into the media. The degradation of [Ala128]lysozyme was independent of the transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. The degradation was greatly inhibited by incubation of cells at 15 degrees C, but was minimally affected by treatment of cells with the lysosomotropic agent, chloroquine, implying a non-lysosomal process. Additional mutations (Gly48-->Ser or Met29-->Thr) were created to make asparagine-linked (N-linked) glycosylation site in the [Ala128]lysozyme, and the resultant double mutants, [Ser48, Ala128]lysozyme and [Thr29, Ala128]lysozyme, were analyzed with respect to their intracellular degradation. These mutant proteins were susceptible to N-linked glycosylation, and were degraded in a similar manner to that of [Ala128] lysozyme, except that the onset of degradation of [Ser48, Ala128]lysozyme and [Thr29, Ala128] lysozyme, but not of [Ala128]lysozyme, was preceded by a lag period of up to 60 min. Furthermore, the degradative double mutants, [Ser48, Ala128]lysozyme and [Thr29, Ala128]lysozyme, were glycosylated post-translationally as well as co-translationally. These observations suggest that there is some interaction between the mechanisms of glycosylation and degradation.
Feasibility of Ambulatory Carotid Artery Stenting (2000)

P202 Background: Ambulatory procedures have been shown to increase patient’s comfort and cost-efficacy. We sought to determine the feasibility of ambulatory carotid stenting in a series of patients undergoing the procedure. Methods: Patients were electively admitted and discharged the same-day if they had successful uncomplicated carotid stenting and had demonstrated complete vascular access site hemostasis following ambulation 4–6 hours after the procedure. Patients were followed for neurological events and vascular access site complications. Results: A total of 76 same-day carotid stenting procedures were performed on 73 patients (76 arteries). There were 53 (73 %) males and the mean age was 70 ± 8 years. Seventy-nine percent of the patients were asymptomatic on presentation. Fourteen patients (18 %) had prior ipsilateral CEA, 3 (4%) had prior ipsilateral neck radiation and 6 (8 %) had contralateral occlusions. Successful access site hemostasis was achieved in all patients, using suture-mediated vascular sealing devices in 75 cases (99%). In one case hemostasis was achieved manually after failure of the sealing device. Late follow-up currently available on 62 (98%) patients at a mean of 4 ± 3 months. There have been no neurological events, deaths, repeat procedures or significant access site complications. One patient developed serous discharge from the access site at 6 weeks without evidence of infection or hematoma and was managed conservatively without complications. Conclusion: Ambulatory carotid stenting is feasible and safe. This approach will foster the applicability of the procedure by increasing patient s comfort and potentially reducing procedural costs.
EUTOS Score Is Not Predictive for Survival and Outcome in Patients (pts) with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Early Chronic Phase (CML-CP) Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) At MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC), (2011)

Abstract Abstract 3769 Background: Until recently, prognosis of pts with CML treated with TKI was based on scores developed in the chemotherapy and interferon era. Hasford and colleagues [Blood. 2011;(118):686–692] have identified the EUTOS score, using the percentage of basophils and spleen size, as a significant tool to predict the probability of achieving 18-month complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) and progression-free survival in patients treated with imatinib. Aims: To validate the EUTOS score in an independent MDACC cohort of pts, with early CML-CP treated with standard-dose imatinib, high-dose imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib, and its ability to predict transformation-free survival (TFS), event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Methods: 465 consecutive pts with newly diagnosed CML–CP (0 – 6 months from diagnosis to TKI treatment) were treated with imatinib 400 mg daily (n=71), imatinib 800 mg daily (n=208), and 2nd TKIs (n=186; dasatinib n=88, nilotinib n=98) in sequential phase II trials. Entry criteria were similar for all trials. EUTOS score = (7 x basophils %) + (4 x spleen cm BCM). A EUTOS score of &gt;87 indicates high-risk and ≤87 low-risk. Results: 465 pts with CML-CP were assessed. Median age was 47 years (range, 15–85). Median time from diagnosis to TKI therapy was 1 month (range, 0 to 6). 319 (69%), 112 (24%), and 34 (7%) pts were in low, intermediate, and high-Sokal score category, respectively. Median basophils percentage at baseline was 3 (range, 0 to 19). Median splenomegaly size was 0 cm (range, 0 to 30). 118 pts (25%) received previous cytoreduction therapy. Median follow-up was 117 months (range, 16 to 130) for pts receiving standard-dose imatinib, 88 months (range, 4 to 118) for those receiving high-dose imatinib, and 30 months (range, 3 to 69) for those receiving 2nd TKI. The overall CCyR rates were 87%, 91%, and 95%, respectively. The 4-year EFS, TFS, and OS rates for the whole group were 84%, 94%, and 95%, respectively. Overall, of the 465 pts, 427 (92%) were in low EUTOS score category (Table 1). Pts with low EUTOS score had higher rates of CCyR at anytime compared to pts with high EUTOS score (93% versus 81%, p=0.02). This difference was mainly significant among pts receiving 2nd TKI (p=0.03) while it was not different among pts receiving imatinib (p=0.27). There was no difference in the rates of major molecular response (85% versus 81%, p=0.48) between pts with low and high EUTOS score. There was no difference in TFS, EFS, and OS rates between pts with low and high EUTOS score, overall and among specific therapy (Table 1). Conclusion: Eight percent of pts with CML-CP treated at MDACC are of high EUTOS score. In this population, the EUTOS score was not predictive for overall MMR, TFS, EFS, and OS. Disclosures: Cortes: BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding.
Analytical Treatment of a Push-Pull “Echo” Test : Part I - Development of a Single Layer Solution (2007)

Analytical Treatment of a Push-Pull “Echo” Test : Part I - Development of a Single Layer Solution
Additives Control the Stability of Amorphous Calcium Carbonate via Two Different Mechanisms: Surface Adsorption versus Bulk Incorporation (2020)

Abstract The mechanisms by which organisms control the stability of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) are yet not fully understood. Previous studies have shown that the intrinsic properties of ACC and its environment are critical in determining ACC stability. Here, the question, what is the effect of bulk incorporation versus surface adsorption of additives on the stability of synthetic ACC, is addressed. Using a wide range of in situ characterization techniques, it is shown that surface adsorption of poly(Aspartic acid) (pAsp) has a much larger stabilization effect than bulk incorporation of pAsp and only 1.5% pAsp could dramatically increase the crystallization temperature from 141 to 350 °C. On the contrary, surface adsorption of PO 4 3− ions and OH − ions does not effectively stabilize ACC. However, bulk incorporation of these ions could significantly improve the ACC stability. It is concluded that the stabilization mechanism of pAsp is entirely different from that of PO 4 3− and OH − ions: while pAsp is effectively inhibiting calcite nucleation at the surface of ACC particle, the latter acts to modify the ion mobility and delay crystal propagation. Thus, new insights on controlling the stability and crystallization processes of metastable amorphous materials are provided.
Multichip Embedding Technology Using Fine-Pitch Cu–Cu Interconnections (2013)

Increasing performance and functional density while maintaining low cost is a catalyst for technological progress in the field of packaging. From flip-chip with solder to a hybrid approach of copper and solder, many methods have been created to reach this objective. The 3-D Packaging Research Center at Georgia Tech has been revolutionizing interconnection technology with the multichip embedding chip-last approach, which utilizes ultrathin adhesive-bonded copper bumps to enable ultrafine-pitch chip-to-package interconnections. This technology has been proven to be highly reliable using a low-cost low-temperature direct copper-to-copper bonding approach at 30-μm pitch and ~20-μm standoff height copper-to-copper interconnections. This interconnection method provides a platform for integration with flip-chip packages through its proven ability to work well with different die sizes and thicknesses bonded to the surface of ultrathin organic substrates. The next step in advancing the chip-last approach is to investigate chip embedding at the single-chip and multichip levels. Consequently, this paper focuses on: 1) the design and fabrication of the test vehicle to examine the reliability of the previously demonstrated copper-to-copper interconnections after embedding a thin die in an organic substrate, and 2) assembly process development and reliability data for the interconnections. Specifically, advances in the assembly process include: 1) a novel method to perform chip-last assembly at the panel level leading to a 10-15 times reduction in assembly time per die, and 2) an improved two-step assembly process to achieve simultaneous die embedding and cavity planarization. This embedding technology and its advancements not only allow actives to be embedded in organic substrates but also enables higher functional integration at high-throughput, making chip-last adhesive bonding with low-profile copper-to-copper interconnections a robust chip embedding solution for the next generation of highly integrated heterogeneous subsystems.
Research on Disruption Management for Multi-Objective Problem and its Solution by Genetic Algorithm (2012)

Based on the best producting plan for multi-objective question, making the simulation model by increasing anti-disruption factors,or increasing the cost and the budget through undertaking the research on the inner system and the outer system's disruption .At the same time drawing the most close scheme by using the classical genetic algorithm for multiple-objective problem. The experiment shows that the system of internal and external factors causing the very different results to the allocation, but increasing the allocation costs and the opportunity costs is necessary in the actual operation.
Hydroxy functionalized porous polymer particles derived from mixtures of hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomers (2016)

Porous, hydroxy functionalized, polymer particles, having BET surface areas up to 146 m2/g, were synthesized by suspension polymerization of water in oil (w/o) emulsions. The emulsions were prepared by mixing polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween-80) solutions in water with a mixture of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), styrene (S) and divinylbenzene (DVB) dissolved in a mixture of cyclohexanol (CyOH) and octanol (OctOH). The resulting polymer particles were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis. Nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms and particle size distribution were also determined. The influence of the organic porogen nature and the concentrations of divinylbenzene and Tween-80, the fraction of water in the w/o emulsions and the agitator rotation on the properties of the provided polymer particles were analyzed and discussed.
In vivo system for characterizing clonal variation and tissue-specific gene regulatory factors based on function. (1988)

The inducibility of stably transfected alpha-cardiac actin genes differs among L cell clones. We examined the ability of muscle-specific factors to induce the expression of the human muscle alpha-cardiac actin gene promoter when stably transfected into mouse fibroblast L cells. This promoter is transcriptionally active in L cells at a low level, 2-5% of that in transfected muscle cells. Upon fusion with muscle cells to form heterokaryons, expression of the transfected alpha-cardiac actin gene promoter can be induced. However, induction is observed with only 10% of transfected L cell clones and the magnitude of this induction varies between 5- and 50-fold. These properties of the transfected L cell appear to be stably inherited. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that muscle cells contain factors capable of increasing the transcription of the transfected gene, but that differences among L cell clones, possibly in the site of integration in the genome, determine the extent to which the gene can respond. By fusion into heterokaryons, transfectants with responsive genes can be identified. Such clones should prove useful in determining the basis for clonal variation. In addition, they provide an in vivo system for isolating functionally active tissue-specific transcription factors and the genes that encode them.
Advanced Water Management in PEFCs: Diffusion Layers with Patterned Wettability (2016)

Following our two previous publications on material synthesis and on ex situ characterization, we present an experimental in situ study to evaluate the effects of using gas diffusion layers with patterned wettability at the cathode side of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. The operando performance was assessed using traditional electrochemical diagnostics (such as polarization curves) combined with the pulsed gas analysis (PGA) method, which allows measuring the mass transport losses. Neutron radiography was performed simultaneously in order to image the water distribution during operation. Using this methodology, the effects of changing the pattern, including a microporous layer (MPL), and varying the operation conditions (temperature and relative humidity of the cathode gas) have been systematically evaluated. It has been confirmed that water redistributes according to the engineered pattern and that the power density is significantly increased thanks to reduced mass transport losses under various conditions.
Multiframe information fusion for gray-scale and spatial enhancement of images (2004)

An imaging system produces a degraded measurement of a real-valued quantity that varies temporally, spectrally, and spatially. When there are multiple measurements of the same scene, it is possible to combine the nonredundant information in those measurements and produce an improved image that has more information than any of the measurements does alone. This type of reconstruction is known as image fusion. Depending on the diversity of information in the measurements, it is possible to achieve temporal, spectral, spatial, and gray-scale improvements with an image fusion algorithm. In this paper, we are proposing an image fusion algorithm that produces an image of higher spatial and gray-scale information from multiple measurements. The algorithm estimates the spatial and illumination correlation between multiple measurements, and employs a set-theoretic reconstruction technique.
Metagenomics combined with activity-based proteomics point to gut bacterial enzymes that reactivate mycophenolate (2022)

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an important immunosuppressant prodrug prescribed to prevent organ transplant rejection and to treat autoimmune diseases. MMF usage, however, is limited by severe gastrointestinal toxicity that is observed in approximately 45% of MMF recipients. The active form of the drug, mycophenolic acid (MPA), undergoes extensive enterohepatic recirculation by bacterial β-glucuronidase (GUS) enzymes, which reactivate MPA from mycophenolate glucuronide (MPAG) within the gastrointestinal tract. GUS enzymes demonstrate distinct substrate preferences based on their structural features, and gut microbial GUS enzymes that reactivate MPA have not been identified. Here, we compare the fecal microbiomes of transplant recipients receiving MMF to healthy individuals using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. We find that neither microbial composition nor the presence of specific structural classes of GUS genes are sufficient to explain the differences in MPA reactivation measured between fecal samples from the two cohorts. We next employed a GUS-specific activity-based chemical probe and targeted metaproteomics to identify and quantify the GUS proteins present in the human fecal samples. The identification of specific GUS enzymes was improved by using the metagenomics data collected from the fecal samples. We found that the presence of GUS enzymes that bind the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) is significantly correlated with efficient MPA reactivation. Furthermore, structural analysis identified motifs unique to these FMN-binding GUS enzymes that provide molecular support for their ability to process this drug glucuronide. These results indicate that FMN-binding GUS enzymes may be responsible for reactivation of MPA and could be a driving force behind MPA-induced GI toxicity.
Communication-efficient motion coordination and data fusion in information gathering teams (2016)

Multi-robot information gathering teams typically require communication for data fusion and cooperative decision making. However, when communication takes place over wireless networks, stringent bandwidth limits apply. These limits raise the need for efficient utilisation of available communication resources in a manner that balances information gathering utility with communication costs or limits. In our previous work, we introduced the dynamic information flow (DIF) problem as a general formulation of this trade-off. We introduced two variants of the problem addressing the issue of communication efficiency for data fusion only. In this paper, we extend one of the variants to address communication efficiency for both data fusion and cooperative decision making in a synergistic manner. We present a solution to this new variant that integrates a multi-cast routing algorithm with information structure optimisation. This solution allows teams that involve high-data-rate sensors and tight coordination to respect bandwidth limits. Through several simulations we verify that our solution significantly reduces bandwidth usage of such teams while maintaining information gathering performance.