gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural analysist of N-glycans from gull egg white glycoproteins and egg yolk IgG (2009)

We previously showed that the expression of (Gal alpha 1-4Gal)-bearing glycoproteins among birds is related to their phylogeny. However, precise structures of (Gal alpha 1-4Gal)-containing N-glycans were only known for pigeon egg white glycoproteins and IgG. To compare structural features of (Gal alpha 1-4Gal)-containing N-glycans from other species, we analyzed N-glycans of gull egg white (GEW)-glycoproteins, ovomucoid, and ovotransferrin, and gull egg yolk IgG by HPLC, mass spectrometry (MS), and MS/MS analyses. GEW-glycoproteins included neutral, monosialyl, and disialyl N-glycans, and some of them contained Gal alpha 1-4Gal sequences. Bi-, tri-, and tetra-antennary oligosaccharides that lacked bisecting GlcNAc were the major core structures, and incomplete alpha-galactosylation and sialylation as well as the presence of diLacNAc on the branches generated microheterogeneity of the N-glycan structures. Moreover, unlike pigeon egg white glycoproteins, the major sialylation in GEW-glycoproteins is alpha2,3-, but not alpha2,6-linked sialic acids (NeuAc). In addition to the complex-type oligosaccharide, hybrid-type oligosaccharides that lack bisecting GlcNAc were also abundant in GEW-glycoproteins. Gull egg yolk IgG also contained Gal alpha 1-4Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1- sequences, but unlike pigeon IgG, no Gal alpha 1-4Gal beta 1-4Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1- sequence was detected. Bi- and tri-antennary complex-type oligosaccharides with bisecting GlcNAc and with core fucosylation as well as high-mannose-type oligosaccharides were the major structures in gull IgG. Our data indicated that some N-glycans from both GEW-glycoproteins and gull IgG contain the Gal alpha 1-4Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1- sequence, but the ratio of alpha-Gal-capped residues to non-alpha-Gal-capped residues in the nonreducing termini of N-glycans is much lower than that in those of pigeon glycoproteins.
Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of Benzo[a]pyrano[3,2-h] and [2,3-i]xanthone Analogues of Psorospermine, Acronycine, and Benzo[a]acronycine (2006)

Condensation of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid with phloroglucinol afforded 9,11-dihydroxy-12H-benzo[a]xanthen-12-one (6). Construction of an additional dimethylpyran ring onto this skeleton, by alkylation with 3-chloro-3-methyl-1-butyne followed by Claisen rearrangement, gave access to 6-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-3H,7H-benzo[a]pyrano[3,2-h]xanthen-7-one (12) and 5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H,6H-benzo[a]pyrano[2,3-i]xanthen-6-one (13), which were methylated into 6-methoxy-3,3-dimethyl-3H,7H-benzo[a]pyrano[3,2-h]xanthen-7-one (14) and 5-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H,6H-benzo[a]pyrano[2,3-i]xanthen-6-one (15), respectively. Osmium tetroxide oxidation of 14 and 15 gave the corresponding (+/-)-cis-diols 16 and 17, which afforded the corresponding esters 18-21 upon acylation. Similarly, condensation of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid with 3,5-dimethoxyaniline gave 11-amino-9-methoxy-12H-benzo[a]xanthen-12-one (23) which was converted into 11-amino-9-hydroxy-12H-benzo[a]xanthen-12-one (24) upon treatment with hydrogen bromide in acetic acid. Alkylation with 3-chloro-3-methyl-1-butyne followed by Claisen rearrangement afforded 6-amino-3,3-dimethyl-3H,7H-benzo[a]pyrano[3,2-h]xanthen-7-one (25) and 5-amino-2,2-dimethyl-2H,6H-benzo[a]pyrano[2,3-i]xanthen-6-one (26). The new benzopyranoxanthone derivatives only displayed marginal antiproliferative activity when tested against L1210 and KB-3-1 cell lines. The only compounds found significantly active against L1210 cell line, 16 and 20, belong to the benzo[a]pyrano[3,2-h]xanthen-7-one series, which possess a pyran ring fused angularly onto the xanthone basic core.
Modulation of inhibitory systems to enhance motor rehabilitation: Insights for the use of noninvasive brain stimulation. (2010)

Motor impairment following stroke is a leading cause of disability in adults.Despite advances in motor rehabilitation techniques, many adult stroke survivors never approach full functional recovery.Intriguingly, children exhibit better rehabilitation outcomes when compared to adults suffering from comparable brain injuries, yet the reasons for this remain unclear.A common explanation is that neuroplasticity in adults is substantially limited following stroke, thus constraining the brain's ability to reorganize in response to neurological insult.This explanation, however, does not suffice for there is much evidence suggesting that neuroplasticity in adults is not limited following stroke.We hypothesize that diminished functional recovery in adults is in part due to inhibitory neuronal interactions, such as transcallosal inhibition, that serve to optimize motor performance as the brain matures.Following stroke, these inhibitory interactions pose rigid barriers to recovery by inhibiting activity in the affected regions and hindering recruitment of compensatory pathways.In contrast, children exhibit better rehabilitation outcomes in part because they have not fully developed the inhibitory interactions that impede functional recovery in adults.We suggest that noninvasive brain stimulation can be used in the context of motor rehabilitation following stroke to reduce the effects of existing inhibitory connections, effectively returning the brain to a state that is more amenable to rehabilitation.We conclude by discussing further research to explore this hypothesis and its implications.
ChemInform Abstract: Automated Synthesis of Chondroitin Sulfate Oligosaccharides (2016)

Abstract Review: 15 refs.
Role Of Adaptive Thermogenesis In Unsuccessful Weight-Loss Intervention (2007)

AbstractNumerous studies have been performed to examine the existence of a relationship between a weak thermogenic potential and the risk of developing obesity. These studies used a large variety of methodological approaches that have frequently revealed a potential physiological vulnerability in obesity-prone individuals. However, from a quantitative standpoint, they have not allowed the demonstration of differences or experimental effects that could explain large variations in energy balance. As discussed in this paper, a definition of adaptive thermogenesis as being a greater than predicted change in energy expenditure in response to changes in energy balance leads to clinically meaningful observations. This is particularly the case in the context of a weightreducing program in which adaptive changes in thermogenesis can be sufficient to compensate for a prescribed decrease in daily energy intake. This paper also presents evidence suggesting that these thermogenic adaptations might indirectly contribute to the protection of body homeostasis by attenuating the decrease in the dilution space of some lipid-soluble pollutants.Key words: Body FatDiet RestrictionEnergy ExpenditureMetabolic RateOrganochlorinePollutionThyroid
Low-temperature total oxidation of methane over Ag-doped LaMO3 perovskite oxides (1996)

Partial substitution of La by Ag, instead of Sr, in LaMO3(M = Co, Mn, Ni) perovskite causes a large increase in the catalytic activity of the perovskite in the complete combustion of dilute methane for its emission control, at low temperature (< 700 °C) and high space velocity (51 000 cm3 g–1 h–1); Ag-doped LaCoO3 shows the highest methane combustion activity.
Spatial Control of Quantum Sized Nanocrystal Arrays onto Silicon Wafers (2007)

Monolayer arrays of monodispersed nanocrystals (<10 nm) onto three dimensional (3D) substrates have considerable potential for various engineering applications such as highly integrated memory devices, solar cells, biosensors and photo and electro luminescent displays because of their highly integrated features with nanocrystal homogeneity. However, most reports on nanocrystal arrays have focused on two dimensional (2D) flat substrates, and the production of wafer-scale monolayer arrays is still challenging. Here we address the feasibility of arraying nanocrystal monolayers in wafer-scale onto 3D substrates. We present both metal (Pd) and semiconductor (CdSe) nanocrystals arrayed in monolayer onto trenched silicon wafers (4 inch diameter) using a facile electrostatic adsorption scheme. In particular, CdSe nanocrystal arrays in the trench well showed superior luminescent efficiency compared to those onto the protruded trench flat, due to the densely arrayed CdSe nanocrystals in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the surface coverage controllability was investigated using a 2D silicon substrate. Our approach can be applied to generate highly efficient displays, memory chips and integrated sensing devices.
Autologous nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with severe anti-TNF refractory Crohn disease: long-term follow-up (2010)

We evaluated the safety and clinical outcome of autologous nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients with severe Crohn disease (CD) defined as a Crohn Disease Activity Index (CDAI) greater than 250, and/or Crohn Severity Index greater than 16 despite anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy. Stem cells were mobilized from the peripheral blood using cyclophosphamide (2.0 g/m(2)) and G-CSF (10 μg/kg/day), enriched ex vivo by CD34(+) selection, and reinfused after immune suppressive conditioning with cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg) and either equine antithymocyte globulin (ATG, 90 mg/kg) or rabbit ATG (6 mg/kg). Eighteen of 24 patients are 5 or more years after transplantation. All patients went into remission with a CDAI less than 150. The percentage of clinical relapse-free survival defined as the percent free of restarting CD medical therapy after transplantation is 91% at 1 year, 63% at 2 years, 57% at 3 years, 39% at 4 years, and 19% at 5 years. The percentage of patients in remission (CDAI < 150), steroid-free, or medication-free at any posttransplantation evaluation interval more than 5 years after transplantation has remained at or greater than 70%, 80%, and 60%, respectively. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT0027853.
PROLONGED SURVIVAL OF INOS-DEFICIENT ISLETS IN A MURINE ALLOGENEIC TRANSPLANT MODEL (2004)

P1020 Aims: Cytokine-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and production of nitric oxide (NO) by pancreatic islet cells has been suggested as one potential mechanism for beta cell destruction and primary non-function after islet transplantation. In this study, we investigated the impact of iNOS expression on islet cell survival in an allogeneic murine transplant model. Methods: C57BL/10 (H-2b) and iNOS−/− (C57BL-background) donor islets were transplanted under the left renal capsule of streptozotocin induced diabetic C3H/He (H-2k) recipients. Islet function and survival was followed by daily assessment of blood glucose concentration and rejection defined as a return of glucose levels ≥ 200 mg/dl. To further assess the impact of systemic iNOS inhibition on graft survival, a novel compound, the 4-amino analogue of tetrahydrobiopterin (H4aminobiopterin), a pterin-based inhibitor of NO synthases was used. Animals were treated with H4aminobiopterin until p.o.d. 7. Graft survival was compared to a standard immunosuppressive treatment with Cyclosporine A (CsA) (15 mg/kg/d) for the same period of time. Results: Mean graft survival of C57BL/10 islets into untreated C3H/He recipients was 9.7 (±2.3) days. A seven day treatment with CsA prolonged graft survival to 12 (±2.0) days. When iNOS-deficient (−/−) islets were used, graft survival without systemic immunosuppression was significantly longer and reached a mean of 14.3 (±0.6) days (p≤0.5). Although we have previously shown that treatment with H4aminobiopterin for 8 days is effective in prolonging heart transplant survival in the same model, surprisingly no effect was noticed in the islet transplant model (mean survival 8.0 ±0.7 days). Histologic evaluation and expression of proinflammatory cytokines is currently performed. Conclusions: Survival of iNOS–deficient islet allografts is significantly prolonged as compared to a standard treatment with CsA or the novel iNOS-inhibitor H4aminobiopterin. We speculate that local expression of iNOS and subsequent NO formation is a key factor in the alloimmune response to islet allografts.
Expression of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinases, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, ErbB2, and ErbB3, in Human Ocular Surface Epithelia (2001)

EGFR, ErbB2 and ErbB3 are expressed by the ocular surface epithelia. EGFR is preferentially expressed by the basal epithelial cells that have the greatest proliferative potential. In contrast, ErbB2 and ErbB3 are preferentially expressed by the superficial differentiated ocular surface epithelia.
Moving screw dislocations in piezoelectric bimaterials (2003)

Abstract An explicit solution for a moving screw dislocation in a piezoelectric bimaterial is given by means of complex variables. The electroelastic fields and forces acting on the moving dislocation are obtained in closed form. As special cases, solutions for a moving screw dislocation in a piezoelectric half‐plane with a free or rigid surface are obtained explicitly.
Compensatory changes in activity in effector circuitries during visually guided behavior following V1 damage in humans (2010)

The human visual system is intimately interconnected with effector circuitries that mediate visually-driven behavior. fMRI studies have shown that damage early in the visual stream, e.g. in V1, decreases responsiveness throughout higher-level visual circuitry. However, we know little about how such damage affects activity in effector circuitries. Interestingly, most patients with long-standing V1 damage are “high-functioning” in terms of visually-guided behavior, suggesting that the system must compensate somehow for the perceptual deficit. To identify whether intact brain areas exhibit changes in BOLD signal during performance of a visually-driven behavior, 3 stroke patients with right V1 damage causing left homonymous hemianopia and 4 age-matched controls underwent whole brain fMRI. Subjects performed a global, left-right direction discrimination task using random dot stimuli presented at 100% and near-threshold coherence at two locations in each of their visual hemifields. Global direction discrimination performance in the intact hemifield of hemianopes was similar to that of control subjects. In the blind field however, performance was at chance levels. The BOLD response was modeled at the individual subject level and statistical parametric maps were analyzed at the group level using a 2 (Group) × 2 (Hemifield) mixed factorial design. There was no main effect of hemifield and no interaction between group and hemifield. However, there was a main effect of group. As expected, control subjects exhibited greater activity than hemianopes in the right areas 17/18, the site of brain damage in hemianopes. In contrast, hemianopes exhibited greater activity than controls in the precuneus, and in somatosensory and somato-motor cortices bilaterally. The greater BOLD response in the hemianopic precuneus may indicate greater reasoning and visuo-spatial imagery required to process visual information. Together with increased somato-motor activity, this could represent evidence of compensatory activity within effector circuitries following damage early in the visual stream.
A novel technique for en bloc, vascularized, composite thymic, and cardiac co-transplantation1 (2002)

We developed a novel technique to create a composite graft in which fully vascularized and viable thymus was harvested en bloc and co-transplanted with a donor heart allograft.
Thrombogenic Factors and Recurrent Coronary Events (1999)

Our findings indicate that a procoagulant state, as reflected in elevated levels of D-dimer, and disordered lipid transport, as indicated by low apoA-1 and high apoB levels, contribute independently to recurrent coronary events in postinfarction patients.
Generalized least squares lattice algorithm and its application to decision feedback equalization (2005)

A generalized least squares lattice algorithm (GLSLA), which is appropriate for multi-channel adaptive filtering and estimation, is presented. This algorithm has all the advantages of a conventional least-squares (LS) lattice algorithm, such as computational efficiency, numerical stability, and the property that successive stages are decoupled. Besides these advantages, it also has the flexibility that the number of stages in each channel may be different. This property does not exist in the conventional LS lattice algorithms. As an application, a decision feedback equalizer (DFE) with different numbers of feedforward and feedback stages is proposed and implemented using the GLSLA. Some results obtained from a computer simulation of the algorithm are also presented.
A QUARTER CENTURY of User-Centered Design Engineering Project Classes with Multi-Disciplinary Teams (2016)

Carnegie Mellon University has developed and employed a User-Centered Interdisciplinary Concurrent System Design Methodology (UICSM) that takes teams of electrical engineers, mechanical engineers, computer scientists, industrial designers and human computer interaction students that work with an end-user to generate a complete prototype system during a four-month long course. With more than 25 years of use, the last 20 years in a formal class setting, the methodology has proven robust in creating increasingly capable applications leveraging state-of-the-art components. For example, wireless technology bandwidth increased by over four orders of magnitude during the course. UICSM is web-supported and defines intermediary products that document the evolution of the design. These products are posted on the web so that even remote designers and end-users can participate in the design activities. The design methodology proceeds through three phases: conceptual design, detailed design and implementation. End-users critique the design at each phase. In addition, simulated and real application tasks provide further focus for design evaluation. Th e methodology has been used in designing more than three dozen computer systems, with diverse applications ranging from inspection and maintenance of heavy transportation vehicles to augmented reality in manufacturing and plant operations to car/driver interaction. [SSLT 1994; SS 1999; SS 2002a; SS 2002b; SSS 2001; SSMRT 2005].
Laser Cladding and Laser Direct Glass Deposition of Bioactive Glass and Glass‐Ceramics (2022)

This chapter covers the production of bioactive glass-ceramic coatings by laser cladding and the additive fabrication of bioactive glass-ceramics by laser direct glass deposition. The laser cladding technique and the laser direct glass deposition techniques are introduced and their applications in the ceramic biomaterials field are presented. Fundamentals of laser-material interaction and current technology for coating production and additive manufacturing are reviewed. A deep analysis of the requirements of the bioactive glasses and their properties as precursor materials for laser assisted processing is provided, in addition to the explanation of the reported structural and bioactivity changes. Finally, the impact of processing conditions on the mechanical and bioactive properties of the laser additive manufacturing are described.
Designing open, multi-class computational strategies to classify infrared spectroscopy data derived from the Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) assay (2012)

The Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) assay (pH6.7) is being touted as a ??3R?s?? alternative in animal laboratory studies. In the SHE assay, traditionally, colonies are counted and scored by eye to determine the transforming potential of test chemicals. Application of infrared (IR) spectroscopy opens up the possibility of comparing test chemicals with negative and positive controls in a high-throughput fashion (1) through objective pattern recognition methods. Such methods are under development under the 1) ??openness??, and 2) multiple-class requirements: 1) computer systems need to be ??open?? to new data to refine existing classifiers; 2) furthermore, the existence of multiple classes (i.e., chemical treatment conditions) calls for composite architectures containing many simple classifiers instead a single complicated one. In this study we present two classification strategies contemplating these two principles. The proposed strategies are compared to well established ??closed??, single-model classifiers. The dataset used in the study was derived from a SHE assay where eight treatment conditions were present vehicle control (DMSO), D-M, Ba]P, 3-MCA, Anthracene, o-T, 2,4-dT, and MNNG] (2). From the assay, IR spectra (n?14,000) were obtained using attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy. Gradual feeding of the proposed models with training data is shown to gradually improve the classification of test data. Segregation of data along chemical mode of action was observed. Overall, the results strengthen arguments towards using the SHE assay in toxicological assessments and point to IR spectroscopy as a possible alternative to visual scoring.
Toward the construction of integrated physical and genetic maps of the mouse genome using interspersed repetitive sequence PCR (IRS-PCR) genomics. (1996)

Using two recently developed techniques, IRS-PCR YAC walking and IRS-PCR genotyping, a framework-integrated physical and genetic map of the mouse genome was constructed. The map consists of 821 contigs, containing 7746 YAC clones originating from three different YAC libraries. Three hundred eighty of the contigs have been anchored to the genetic map. Approximately 16% of the physical length of the mouse genome is estimated to be represented.
Chromosome 13 and chromosome 2 (CA)<sub>n</sub> polymorphisms (1994)

Journal Article Chromosome 13 and chromosome 2 (CA)n polymorphisms Get access A.M. Deyo, A.M. Deyo Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public HealthPittsburgh, PA 15261, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T.C. Matise, T.C. Matise Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public HealthPittsburgh, PA 15261, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Y.M. Perry, Y.M. Perry Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public HealthPittsburgh, PA 15261, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R.E. Ferrell R.E. Ferrell * Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public HealthPittsburgh, PA 15261, USA *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 3, Issue 2, February 1994, Page 380, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/3.2.380 Published: 01 February 1994