gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect ofOxygenAbsorption onContact Resistance between Metaland CarbonNanoTubes(CNTs) (2006)

workfunction ofmetals withtheextracted Re.Theworkfunction of metallic SWNTisabout 4.3eV. PtandAuhavethehighest lmcbut Contact resistance (Rc) between metalandcarbon nanotubesresult inthelowest Re, while Alhasthelowest lmcbutresults inthe (CNTs) isstudied extensively. Metal oxide formation atinterface due highest Re.Itisclear that theReisinconsistent withthe)mc, Onthe tooxygenabsorption plays veryimportant role. Chemically inertother hand, Fig.6 showsthat theextracted Reisconsistent withthe metals suchasPtandAuresults inthelowest RC. Adding Tainto Pt heat-of-formation (AHf) ofmetal oxide. Except Cu,thehigher the cansolve theadhesion issue while keeps lowRc.Thosemetals can AHf,thehigher theRC. Itisthus postulated that metal mayreact with break metal oxide andformmetal carbide arealso preferred. oxygenabsorbed byCNTstoformathinmetaloxidelayer at interface. Thisoxide layer notonlychanges theeffective lmcbutalso
A Story Told by a Single Nanoparticle in the Body Fluid: Demonstration of Dissolution-Reprecipitation of Nanocrystals in a Biological System (2015)

The reactions occurring at the mineral-water interface therefore modulate the ionic and organic composition of mineral nanoparticles formed in biological fluids, producing changes that may alter the effects of mineral particles and stones in vivo.
Greener synthesis of indolizine analogues using water as a base and solvent: study for larvicidal activity against <i>Anopheles arabiensis</i> (2016)

Greener synthesis of a series of novel indolizine analogues have been achieved by the cyclization of aromatic cycloimmonium ylides with electron-deficient alkynes in the presence of water as the base and solvent at 80 °C. Yield of the title compounds was good and reactions performed were eco-friendly. The structures of these newly synthesized compounds have been confirmed by spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, NMR, LC-MS, and elemental analysis. Characterized title compounds were evaluated for larvicidal activity against Anopheles arabiensis by standard WHO larvicidal assay using Temefos as standard at 4 μg/mL. Title compounds 2e, 2f, and 2g emerged as promising larvicidal agents.
Acute-Phase Proteins and Hematologic Values in Ovine Lentivirus-Infected Lambs Treated with Recombinant Ovine IFN-tau (2000)

To evaluate changes in complete blood cell (CBC) counts, haptoglobin and fibrinogen in ovine lentivirus (OvLV)-infected lambs treated with recombinant ovine interferon-tau (rOVIFN-tau), 24 lambs were allocated to one of four groups (n = 6 per group): (1) virus + rOvIFN-tau, VI, (2) virus + placebo, VP, (3) no virus + rOVIFN-tau, NVI, and (4) no virus + placebo, NVP. Three lambs in each group were treated once a day for 12 weeks, and the remaining 3 lambs were treated for 33 weeks. Blood was collected at days 0, 7, and 10 and at weeks 2-10, 12, 32, and 33 to determine CBC counts, as well as haptoglobin and fibrinogen levels. Hematologic values remained within normal limits in all groups. However, hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and packed cell volume (PCV) values decreased (p < 0.05) in the two rOvIFN-tau-treated groups (VI and NVI) compared with the placebo-treated (VP and NVP) groups. Both rOvIFN-upsilon and OvLV had a mild negative effect on neutrophil numbers. Although Hb, MCV, MCHC, PCV, and neutrophil values declined in the rOvIFN-tau-treated lambs compared with the placebo-treated lambs, these values remained within the reference range for sheep. Experimental lambs did not show adverse clinical signs associated with OvLV infection or as a result of rOvIFN-tau treatment. The lack of significant side effects of high-dose rOvIFN-tau in sheep and previous reports of broad-spectrum and cross-species antiviral activity suggest that rOvIFN-tau warrants further investigation as an antiviral therapeutic agent.
PD-L1 expression is a prognostic factor in subgroups of gastric cancer patients stratified according to their levels of CD8 and FOXP3 immune markers (2018)

Current studies aiming at identifying single immune markers with prognostic value have limitations in the context of complex antitumor immunity and cancer immune evasion. Here, we show how the integration of several immune markers influences the predictions of prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) patients. We analyzed Tissue Microarray (TMA) by multiplex immunohistochemistry and measured the expression of immune checkpoint molecule PD-L1 together with antitumor CD8 T cells and immune suppressive FOXP3 Treg cells in a cohort of GC patients. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis of these markers was used to define correlations between CD8 T, FOXP3 Treg and PD-L1 cell densities. We found that FOXP3 and PD-L1 densities were elevated while CD8 T cells were decreased in tumor tissues compared to their adjacent normal tissues. However, patient stratification based on each one of these markers individually did not show significant prognostic value on patient survival. Conversely, combination of the ratios of CD8/FOXP3 and CD8/PD-L1 enabled the identification of patient subgroups with different survival outcomes. As such, high densities of PD-L1 in patients with high CD8/FOXP3 and low CD8/PD-L1 ratios correlated with increased survival. Collectively, this work demonstrates the need for the integration of several immune markers to obtain more meaningful survival prognosis and patient stratification. In addition, our work provides insights into the complex tumor immune evasion and immune regulation by the tumor-infiltrating effector and suppressor cells, informing on the best use of immunotherapy options for treating patients.
Influence of Substrate Bias on the Structural and Dielectric Properties of Magnetron-Sputtered Ba<sub>x</sub>Sr<sub>1-x</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub>Thin Films (2009)

The application of a substrate bias during rf magnetron sputtering alters the crystalline structure, grain morphology, lattice strain and composition of BaxSr1-xTiO3 thin films. As a result, the dielectric properties of Pt/BaxSr1-xTiO3/Pt parallel-plate capacitors change significantly. With increasing substrate bias we observe a clear shift of the ferroelectric to paraelectric phase transition towards higher temperature, an increase of the dielectric permittivity and tunability at room temperature, and a deterioration of the dielectric loss. To a large extent these changes correlate to a gradual increase of the tensile in-plane film strain with substrate bias and an abrupt change in film composition.
Correlations between atomic structure and giant magnetoresistance ratio in Co<sub>2</sub>(Fe,Mn)Si spin valves (2014)

We show that the magnetoresistance of Co2FexMn1−xSi-based spin valves, over 70% at low temperature, is directly related to the structural ordering in the electrodes and at the electrodes/spacer (Co2FexMn1−xSi/Ag) interfaces. Aberration-corrected atomic resolution Z-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy of device structures reveals that annealing at 350 °C and 500 °C creates partial B2/L21 and fully L21 ordering of electrodes, respectively. Interface structural studies show that the Ag/Co2FexMn1−xSi interface is more ordered compared to the Co2FexMn1−xSi/Ag interface. The release of interface strain is mediated by misfit dislocations that localize the strain around the dislocation cores, and the effect of this strain is assessed by first principles electronic structure calculations. This study suggests that by improving the atomic ordering and strain at the interfaces, further enhancement of the magnetoresistance of CFMS-based current-perpendicular-to-plane spin valves is possible.
Interdomain Interaction of Merlin Isoforms and Its Influence on Intermolecular Binding to NHE-RF (1999)

Merlin, the neurofibromatosis 2 tumor suppressor protein, has two major isoforms with alternate C termini and is related to the ERM (ezrin, radixin, moesin) proteins. Regulation of the ERMs involves intramolecular and/or intermolecular head-to-tail associations between family members. We have determined whether merlin undergoes similar interactions, and our findings indicate that the C terminus of merlin isoform 1 is able to associate with its N-terminal domain in a head-to-tail fashion. However, the C terminus of isoform 2 lacks this property. Similarly, the N terminus of merlin can also associate with C terminus of moesin. We have also explored the effect of merlin self-association on binding to the regulatory cofactor of Na(+)-H(+) exchanger (NHE-RF), an interacting protein for merlin and the ERMs. Merlin isoform 2 captures more NHE-RF than merlin isoform 1 in affinity binding assays, suggesting that in full-length merlin isoform 1, the NHE-RF binding site is masked because of the self-interactions of merlin. Treatment with a phospholipid known to decrease self-association of ERMs enhances the binding of merlin isoform 1 to NHE-RF. Thus, although isoform 1 resembles the ERM proteins, which transition between inactive (closed) and active (open) states, isoform 2 is distinct, existing only in the active (open) state and presumably constitutively more available for interaction with other protein partners.
Smoothing and automated picking of kinematic wavefield attributes (2005)

Tomographic methods for the determination of velocity models making use of kinematic wavefield attributes strongly depend on the accuracy of these attributes and their efficient extraction from the seismic prestack data. We use the Common-Reflection-Surface (CRS) method to estimate these attributes from the data. Our aim is to improve the quality of the attributes and to extract those values from the CRS output, which are necessary to perform a CRSbased tomography. This extraction should be highly automated and efficient as well as reliable. Both, smoothing and picking, make use of the same technique: application of locally valid statistics in small windows aligned with the reflection events. We discuss this approach in detail and apply both algorithms to a synthetic 3D dataset. The results clearly show the improved quality of the kinematic wavefield attributes and the stability of the picking process.
Analysis of free amino acids in mammalian brain extracts (2017)

An optimized method for analysis of free amino acids using a modified lithium-citrate buffer system with a Hitachi L-8800 amino acid analyzer is described. It demonstrates clear advantages over the sodium-citrate buffer system commonly used for the analysis of protein hydrolysates. A sample pretreatment technique for amino acid analysis of brain extracts is also discussed. The focus has been placed on the possibility of quantitative determination of the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) with simultaneous analysis of all other amino acids in brain extracts. The method was validated and calibration coefficient (K<sub>GSH</sub>) was determined. Examples of chromatographic separation of free amino acids in extracts derived from different parts of the brain are presented.
Nonlinear Equalization for Super-Resolution Near-Field Structure Discs Using a Simplicial Canonical Piecewise-Linear Model (2011)

In this paper, we propose a simplicial canonical piecewise-linear (SCPWL) model-based equalizer to mitigate nonlinear distortion resulting in inter symbol interference (ISI) in a super-resolution near-field structure (super-RENS) disc system. The proposed equalizer consists of the linear part represented by a finite impulse response (FIR) filter and the nonlinear part implemented using a SCPWL function. Its validity is tested using radio frequency (RF) signal samples obtained from a super-RENS disc. The raw bit error rate (BER) performance with the proposed equalizer is measured for various key parameters of the SCPWL model. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed equalizer achieves outstanding raw BER performance improvement by effectively compensating for the nonlinear distortion introducing the ISI.
Acute kidney injury in patients with acute lung injury: Impact of fluid accumulation on classification of acute kidney injury and associated outcomes* (2011)

Fluid management influences serum creatinine and therefore the diagnosis of acute kidney injury using creatinine-based definitions. Patients with "unrecognized" acute kidney injury that is identified after adjusting for positive fluid balance have higher mortality rates, and patients who have acute kidney injury before but not after adjusting for fluid balance have lower mortality rates. Future studies of acute kidney injury should consider potential differences in serum creatinine caused by changes in fluid balance and the impact of these differences on diagnosis and prognosis.
Mechano‐active scaffold design of small‐diameter artificial graft made of electrospun segmented polyurethane fabrics (2005)

To fabricate a "mechano-active" tubular scaffold of nonwoven mesh-type small-diameter artificial graft made of the synthetic durable elastomer, segmented polyurethane, the fabrication technique of electrospinning on a mandrel under a high rotation speed and transverse movement was used. Emphasis was placed on how the rotation speed of the mandrel and the fusion or welding states of fibers at contact points affect the compliance (ease of intraluminal pressure-dependent circumferential inflation) and Young's modulus determined by uniaxial stretching in the longitudinal and circumferential directions. The results showed that a high rotation speed is attributed to exhibit isotropic mechanical properties in the entire range of applied strain but reduces the compliance, and a high fusion state, which is produced using a mixed solvent with a high content of high-boiling-point solvent, reduces the compliance but is expected to exhibit high durability in a continuously loaded pulsatile stress field in an arterial circulatory system.
Beam diffraction by a planar grid structure at 93 GHz (2002)

Using the transmission-line model approach, the authors attempt to demonstrate that the beam can be steered by building a grid structure without diodes to give a fixed beam shift. A simple transmission-line model is used to convert the zero-order diffracted wave to the first order. This model is useful because it can easily include semiconductor devices with biasing circuits. In the grids considered, diodes were replaced by gaps with different sizes to obtain different capacitances needed to steer a beam at 93 GHz. The results show a successful beam shift of 30 degrees with a loss of 2.5 dB.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Terminology of developmental abnormalities in common laboratory mammals (version 1) (1997)

This paper presents the first version of an internationally-developed glossary of terms for structural developmental abnormalities in common laboratory animals. The glossary is put forward by the International Federation of Teratology Societies (IFTS) Committee on International Harmonization of Nomenclature in Developmental Toxicology, and represents considerable progress toward harmonization of terminology in this area. The purpose of this effort is to provide a common vocabulary that will reduce confusion and ambiguity in the description of developmental effects, particularly in submissions to regulatory agencies worldwide. The glossary contains a primary term or phrase, a definition of the abnormality, and notes, where appropriate. Selected synonyms or related terms, which reflect a similar or closely related concept, are noted. Nonpreferred terms are indicated where their usage may be incorrect. Modifying terms used repeatedly in the glossary (e.g., absent, branched) are listed and defined separately, instead of repeating their definitions for each observation. Syndrome names are generally excluded from the glossary, but are listed separately in an appendix. The glossary is organized into broad sections for external, visceral, and skeletal observations, then subdivided into regions, structures, or organs in a general overall head to tail sequence. Numbering is sequential, and not in any regional or hierarchical order. Uses and misuses of the glossary are discussed. Comments, questions, suggestions, and additions from practitioners in the field of developmental toxicology are welcomed on the organization of the glossary as well as on the specific terms and definitions. Updates of the glossary are planned based on the comments received.
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Future Internet Technologies (2018)

International Conference on Future Internet Technology 2010 (CFI 2010) is the fifth event of this series dedicated to the future internet technologies. It aims to provide a meeting venue where future internet researchers in Asia, Europe, and North America gather together to share their visions and long-term research activities. On behalf of all people worked for the preparation of CFI 2010, we would like to take this opportunity to welcome all participants and together with you we hope to explore research directions that can contribute in fundamentally improving the cyber infrastructure in the coming years.
Programmable Fusion and Differentiation of Synthetic Minimal Cells (2022)

Synthetic cells can mimic the intricate complexities of live cells, while mitigating the level of noise that is present natural systems; however, many crucial processes still need to be demonstrated in synthetic cells to use them to comprehensively study and engineer biology. Here we demonstrate key functionalities of synthetic cells previously available only to natural life: differentiation and mating. This work presents a toolset for engineering combinatorial genetic circuits in synthetic cells. We demonstrate how progenitor populations can differentiate into new lineages in response to small molecule stimuli or as a result of fusion, and we provide practical demonstration of utility for metabolic engineering. This work provides a tool for bioengineering and for natural pathway studies, as well as paving the way toward the construction of live artificial cells.
Acoustic soft modes and the ferroelastic phase transition in BiVO4 and LaNbO4 (1983)

Brillouin scattering studies of BiVO4 and LaNbO4 have revealed acoustic soft modes in both crystals with similar temperature dependences, propagating normal to ferro-elastic domain walls. Raman scattering measurements show that BiVO4 has an optic soft mode while LaNbO4 does not, in agreement with previous results of other investigators. Attempts to fit the BiVO4 data to a two-coupled-oscillator model could not account for the observed temperature dependent intensities. We suggest that the frequencies of both the optic and acoustic modes are temperature dependent in both crystals. Notes Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Department of Physics, University of Ljubljana Yadronska 19, Ljubljana, Yugoslavia
Computer Program for Point Location And Calculation of ERror (PLACER) (1999)

A program designed for point location and calculation of error (PLACER) was developed as part of the Quality Assurance Program of the Federal Highway Administration/U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Data and Methodology Synthesis (NDAMS) review process. The program provides a standard method to derive study-site locations from site maps in highwayrunoff, urban-runoff, and other research reports. This report provides a guide for using PLACER, documents methods used to estimate study-site locations, documents the NDAMS Study-Site Locator Form, and documents the FORTRAN code used to implement the method. PLACER is a simple program that calculates the latitude and longitude coordinates of one or more study sites plotted on a published map and estimates the uncertainty of these calculated coordinates. PLACER calculates the latitude and longitude of each study site by interpolating between the coordinates of known features and the locations of study sites using any consistent, linear, user-defined coordinate system. This program will read data entered from the computer keyboard and(or) from a formatted text file, and will write the results to the computer screen and to a text file. PLACER is readily transferable to different computers and operating systems with few (if any) modifications because it is written in standard FORTRAN. PLACER can be used to calculate study site locations in latitude and longitude, using known map coordinates or features that are identifiable in geographic information data bases such as USGS Geographic Names Information System, which is available on the World Wide Web.
Vitamin D Regulation of Osteoblast Growth and Differentiation (2018)

This chapter focuses on the combined application of molecular, biochemical, and morphologic approaches that have contributed to defining the multiple effects of vitamin D on bone cell growth and differentiation. The osteocalcin gene is representative of a series of genes that are vitamin D- responsive, and stringently regulated during progressive development of the osteoblast phenotype. Numerous studies have established that osteoclasts are formed by the differentiation and fusion of progenitors derived from hematopoietic stem cells. The chapter illustrates how experimental approaches have been effectively integrated to address the structural and functional properties of vitamin D regulation of osteocalcin in bone. Vitamin D affects numerous osteoblast products, including cell growth related genes, nuclear and cytoskeletal proteins, structural proteins involved in bone matrix formation, and mineralization, enzymes, and plasma membrane proteins such as alkaline phosphatise. When vitamin D-deficient animals are treated with 1-a-25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, osteoclastic bone resorption is enhanced and the number of osteoclasts increases.
Supplementary Table 2 from The OPCML Tumor Suppressor Functions as a Cell Surface Repressor–Adaptor, Negatively Regulating Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (2023)

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Differential wavefront curvature sensor (2005)

In this paper, a wavefront curvature sensor is presented. This sensor is based on the measurements of the differentials of wavefront slopes, where the wavefront slope measurements can be achieved by a Shack-Hartmann sensor. A Shack-Hartmann sensor with three output collimated beams will be introduced with a lenslet array installed in each beam. By shifting two of the Shack-Hartmann grids in the x- and in the y- directions independently compared to the third grid, we can measure the slope differences and obtain the wavefront curvatures at each grid point. A wavefront reconstruction can be performed with the wavefront curvature measurements.
Magnetic and Superconducting Properties of Ba<sub>2</sub>HoCu<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7-y</sub> under High Magnetic Field (1988)

The magnetic and superconducting properties of Ba 2 HoCu 3 O 7- y are examined using a pulsed magnetic field up to 55 tesla. Magnetic Ho 3+ ions in Ba 2 HoCu 3 O 7- y show paramagnetic behavior. No magnetic ordering is observed down to 1.3 K. The temperature dependence of the upper critical field is measured by the magnetoresistance method. The H c2 (0) deduced from the present experiment assuming the dirty limit is 104 tesla.