gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Broadcast Coded Modulation: Multilevel and Bit-Interleaved Construction (2016)

The capacity of the AWGN broadcast channel is achieved by superposition coding, but the superposition of individual coded modulations expands the modulation alphabet and distorts its configuration. Hierarchical modulations, which appear in the literature mostly in the context of unequal error protection, can approach only a few isolated points on the boundary of the broadcast capacity region. This paper studies multilevel coding (MLC) for constellation-constrained broadcast-coded modulation. The conditions under which multilevel codes can achieve the constellation-constrained capacity of the AWGN broadcast channel are derived. We propose a pragmatic multilevel design technique with near-constellation-constrained-capacity performance where the coupling of the superposition inner and outer codes is localized to each bit-level. It is shown that this can be further relaxed to a code coupling on only one bit-level, with a little or no penalty under natural labeling. The rate allocation problem between the bit levels of the two users is studied and a pragmatic method is proposed, again with near-capacity performance. In further pursuit of lower complexity, a hybrid MLC-bit-interleaved-coded modulation is proposed, whose performance is shown to be very close to the boundary of the constellation-constrained capacity region. Simulation results show that good point-to-point LDPC codes produce excellent performance in the proposed coded modulation framework.
Enhanced Magnetization in CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Through Hydrogen Doping (2023)

Abstract Magnetic spinel oxides have attracted extensive research interest due to their rich physics and wide range of applications. However, these materials invariably suffer suppressed magnetization, due to structural imperfections (e.g., disorder, anti‐site defects, etc.). Herein, a dramatic enhanced magnetization is obtained with an increasement of 5 µ B /u.c in CoFe 2 O 4 (CFO) through ionic liquid gating induced hydrogen doping. The intercalated hydrogen ions lead to both distinct lattice expansion of ≈0.7% and notable Fe valence state reduction through electron doping, in which ≈17% Fe 3+ is reduced into Fe 2+ . These facts collectively trigger a site‐specific spin‐flip on tetrahedrally coordinated Co 2+ sites that enhances the net ferrimagnetic moment nearly to its theoretical maximum for perfect CFO.
Eigenstate of polarization in a fiber ring resonator and its effect in an optical passive ring-resonator gyro (1986)

Resonance characteristics of an optical fiber ring resonator are derived taking the effect of birefringence into account. We introduce the concept of the eigenstate of polarization to discuss the resonance characteristics resulting from the polarization fluctuation. Using this concept, the polarization problem in an optical passive ring-resonator gyro (OPRG) is discussed to reveal that this causes gyro drift. A way to reduce the drift is to use not polarizers but two polarization controllers. The precision required for polarization control is estimated; it is found difficult to do in practice. We discuss another configuration to solve the polarization problem in an OPRG without polarization controllers.
The Saccadic Re-Centering Bias is Associated with Activity Changes in the Human Superior Colliculus (2010)

Being able to effectively explore our visual world is of fundamental importance, and it has been suggested that the straight-ahead gaze (primary position) might play a special role in this context. We employed fMRI in humans to investigate how neural activity might be modulated for saccades relative to this putative default position. Using an endogenous cueing paradigm, saccade direction and orbital starting position were systematically manipulated, resulting in saccades toward primary position (centripetal) and away from primary position (centrifugal) that were matched in amplitude, directional predictability, as well as orbital starting position. In accord with earlier research, we found that fMRI activity in the superior colliculus (SC), as well as in the frontal eye fields and the intraparietal sulcus, was enhanced contralateral to saccade direction across all saccade conditions. Furthermore, the SC exhibited a relative activity decrease during re-centering relative to centrifugal saccades, a pattern that was paralleled by faster saccadic reaction times. In contrast, activity within the cortical eye fields was not significantly modulated during re-centering saccades as compared to other saccade types, suggesting that the re-centering bias is predominantly implemented at a subcortical rather than cortical processing stage. Such a modulation might reflect a special coding bias facilitating the return of gaze to a default position in the gaze space in which retinotopic and egocentric reference frames are aligned and from which the visual world can be effectively explored.
TV-GAN: Generative Adversarial Network Based Thermal to Visible Face Recognition (2017)

This work tackles the face recognition task on images captured using thermal camera sensors which can operate in the non-light environment. While it can greatly increase the scope and benefits of the current security surveillance systems, performing such a task using thermal images is a challenging problem compared to face recognition task in the Visible Light Domain (VLD). This is partly due to the much smaller amount number of thermal imagery data collected compared to the VLD data. Unfortunately, direct application of the existing very strong face recognition models trained using VLD data into the thermal imagery data will not produce a satisfactory performance. This is due to the existence of the domain gap between the thermal and VLD images. To this end, we propose a Thermal-to-Visible Generative Adversarial Network (TV-GAN) that is able to transform thermal face images into their corresponding VLD images whilst maintaining identity information which is sufficient enough for the existing VLD face recognition models to perform recognition. Some examples are presented in Figure 1. Unlike the previous methods, our proposed TV-GAN uses an explicit closed-set face recognition loss to regularize the discriminator network training. This information will then be conveyed into the generator network in the forms of gradient loss. In the experiment, we show that by using this additional explicit regularization for the discriminator network, the TV-GAN is able to preserve more identity information when translating a thermal image of a person which is not seen before by the TV-GAN.
The Tikhoff-Linberg procedure: report of ten patients and presentation of a modified technique for tumors of the proximal humerus. (1985)

The Tikhoff-Linberg resection is a limb-sparing surgical option to be considered for bony and soft-tissue tumors in and around the proximal humerus and shoulder girdle. Careful selection of patients whose tumor does not involve the neurovascular bundle in the axilla is required. The distal clavicle, upper humerus, and part or all of the scapula are resected. The tumor remains covered by the deltoid muscle plus portions of the muscles that arise from or insert into the resected specimen. In patients with tumors of the proximal humerus a custom prosthesis is used to maintain length and stabilize the distal humerus. Elbow flexion plus stability of the shoulder without the need of an orthosis may be achieved with muscle transfers. Function of the hand and forearm after Tikhoff-Linberg resection should be near normal. Review of results in 10 patients shows no local recurrences and excellent function. The major postoperative problem was nerve palsy. The Tikhoff-Linberg procedure should continue to be used for limb salvage in selected patients with tumors in or around the shoulder girdle.
Influence of ultrasonic treatment on heat transfer in the heat exchanger (2022)

Abstract This paper deals with the influence of guided ultrasonic waves on heat transfer. Two piezoelectric transducers, whose structure can be vibrated at different powers and at their resonant frequency in the ultrasonic range of 27–45 kHz, were placed on the plates of a heat exchanger to inhibit the formation of a mineral deposit. These waves were set to diffuse only into the metal plates of the exchanger. During these tests, an increase in the heat transfer between the two fluids was directly observed on the continuous recording of the outlet temperature, on the calculations of the global exchange coefficient, and on the flow exchanged between the two fluids in the laminar regime. Tests are presented in this article, tests in the presence of the 45 kHz transducer, another with a 27 kHz transducer, and which combines the two have a different positioning on the exchanger. The results obtained from the ultrasonic guided waves are similar to the classical ultrasonic waves.
Leptin Administration Enhances Islet Transplant Performance in Diabetic Mice (2013)

Islet transplantation is an effective method to obtain long-term glycemic control for patients with type 1 diabetes, yet its widespread use is limited by an inadequate supply of donor islets. The hormone leptin has profound glucose-lowering and insulin-sensitizing action in type 1 diabetic rodent models. We hypothesized that leptin administration could reduce the dose of transplanted islets required to achieve metabolic control in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. We first performed a leptin dose-response study in C57Bl/6 mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes to determine a leptin dose insufficient to reverse hyperglycemia. Subsequently, we compared the ability of suboptimal islet transplants of 50 or 125 syngeneic islets to achieve glycemic control in STZ-induced diabetic C57Bl/6 mice treated with or without this dose of leptin. The dose-response study revealed that leptin reverses STZ-induced diabetes in a dose-dependent manner. Supraphysiological leptin levels were necessary to restore euglycemia but simultaneously increased risk of hypoglycemia, and also lost efficacy after 12 days of administration. In contrast, 1 µg/day leptin only modestly reduced blood glucose but maintained efficacy throughout the study duration. We then administered 1 µg/day leptin to diabetic mice that underwent transplantation of 50 or 125 islets. Although these islet doses were insufficient to ameliorate hyperglycemia alone, coadministration of leptin with islet transplantation robustly improved control of glucose and lipid metabolism, without increasing circulating insulin levels. This study reveals that low-dose leptin administration can reduce the number of transplanted islets required to achieve metabolic control in STZ-induced diabetic mice.
Assessment for Better Timing and Outcomes of Second Look Endoscopy After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Randomized Prospective Study (2009)

Purpose: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) which has now been accepted as an effective and minimally invasive treatment for early gastric cancer eventually results in large mucosal defect. Such iatrogenic ulcer can bleed in delayed period and second look endoscopy is commonly performed to evaluate the initial hemostasis, to retreat stigmata and to decide the time for oral dietary intake and discharge. The aim of this study is to evaluate the proper timing for second look endoscopy in terms of use of additional hemostatic measures and hospital stay. Methods: Sixty patients undergoing ESD for gastric adenomas and adeno-carcinomas were included in this study. Thirty-one patients were randomized to receive second look endoscopy at 24 hours with eventual retreatment in cases of active bleeding (Forrest I), exposed vessel (Forrest IIa) or adherent clots (Forrest IIb) on the ulcer base (24-hour group). Twenty-nine patients were randomly assigned to receive second look endoscopy at 48 hours (48-hour group). Emergency endoscopy was planned to carry out if there was clinical or biochemical evidence of bleeding. Both groups did not differ with respect to age, sex, histology, iatrogenic ulcer size and results of ESD. Results: Emergent bleeding did not occur in both groups. On second look endoscopy, findings of high rebleeding risk (Forrest I, IIa, and IIb) were more prevalent in 24-hour group than in 48-hour group (67.7% vs. 13.8%, p-value=0.001, RR 13.1, 95% CI: 3.5, 47.9). Additional hemostatic measures were used more frequently in 24-hour group than in 48-hour group (35.5% vs. 10.3%, p-value=0.0021, RR 4.8, 95% CI 1.1, 19.3). Patients who underwent third or more endoscopic examinations for any reason were more common in 24-hour group (25.5% vs. 6.9%, p-value=0.05). Hospital stay after ESD were longer in 24-hour group than in 48-hour group (5.5 days vs. 3.9 days, p-value=0.08). Mortality and significant morbidity associated with ESD did not occur in both groups. Conclusion: Second look endoscopy following ESD can reduce the rebleeding risk and help decide the timing for oral intake and discharge. In comparison with second look endoscopy at 24-hour, second look endoscopy at 48 hours can better reduce the necessity of additional hemostatic measures and the duration of hospital stay without any increased risk of morbidity or mortality.FigureTable: Table. Clinical features of patients who underwent ESDTable: Table. Clinical outcomes of patients who underwent ESD and received second look endoscopy
Active Learning Accelerated Discovery of Stable Iridium-oxide Polymorphs for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (2020)

The discovery of high-performing and stable materials for sustainable energy applications is a pressing goal in catalysis and materials science. Understanding the relationship between a material's structure and functionality is an important step in the process, such that viable polymorphs for a given chemical composition need to be identified. Machine-learning based surrogate models have the potential to accelerate the search for polymorphs that target specific applications. Herein, we report a readily generalizable active-learning (AL) accelerated algorithm for identification of electrochemically stable iridium-oxide polymorphs of IrO2 and IrO3. The search is coupled to a subsequent analysis of the electrochemical stability of the discovered structures for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Structural candidates are generated by identifying all 956 structurally unique AB2 and AB3 prototypes in existing materials databases (more than 38000). Next, using an active learning approach we are able to find 196 IrO2 polymorphs within the thermodynamic amorphous synthesizability limit and reaffirm the global stability of the rutile structure. We find 75 synthesizable IrO3 polymorphs and report a previously unknown FeF3-type structure as the most stable, termed α-IrO3. To test the algorithms performance, we compare to a random search of the candidate space and report at least a twofold increase in the rate of discovery. Additionally, the AL approach can acquire the most stable polymorphs of IrO2 and IrO3 with less than 30 density functional theory optimizations. Analysis of the structural properties of the discovered polymorphs reveals that octahedral local coordination environments are preferred for nearly all low energy structures. Subsequent Pourbaix Ir-H2O analysis shows that α-IrO3 is the globally stable solid phase under acidic OER conditions and supersedes the stability of rutile IrO2. Calculation of theoretical OER surface activities reveal ideal weaker binding of the OER intermediates on α-IrO3 than on any other considered iridium-oxide. We emphasize that the proposed AL algorithm can be easily generalized to search for any binary metal-oxide structure with a defined stoichiometry.
Analysis of Serum IgG Subclasses in Churg-Strauss Syndrome -The Meaning of Elevated Serum Levels of IgG4 (2010)

IgG4-bearing plasmacytes may be involved in the pathogenesis of CSS, and it is possible that an allergic reaction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of IgG4-related disease.
Randomised clinical trial: gastrointestinal events in arthritis patients treated with celecoxib, ibuprofen or naproxen in the <scp>PRECISION</scp> trial (2018)

Arthritis patients taking NSAIDs plus esomeprazole have infrequent clinically significant gastrointestinal events. Co-prescribed with esomeprazole, celecoxib has better overall GI safety than ibuprofen or naproxen at these doses, despite treatment with low-dose aspirin or corticosteroids.
Small-Molecule Diversity Using a Skeletal Transformation Strategy (2005)

[reaction: see text] We describe a short synthetic sequence resulting in >4000 skeletally diverse small molecules that have three distinct skeletal frameworks among other unique structural features. The sequence entails skeletal transformations pioneered by Winterfeldt and co-workers. We use epoxide ring openings and subsequent functionalizations that provide, e.g., spirocyclic oxazolidines, Lewis acid catalyzed Diels-Alder reactions of a steroid-derived diene that afford stable and isolable ring B adducts, and subsequent retro-Diels-Alder fragmentations that yield 14-membered paracyclophanes.
The Cutaneous Lymphocyte Antigen Is an Essential Component of the L-selectin Ligand Induced on Human Vascular Endothelial Cells (1999)

L-selectin mediates leukocyte rolling on vascular endothelium during inflammation. Although vascular endothelium can be activated with inflammatory cytokines to express functional L-selectin ligands, these ligands have not been well characterized. In this study, fucosyltransferase VII cDNA (Fuc-TVII) transfection of the EA.hy926 human vascular endothelial cell line (926-FtVII) induced functional L-selectin ligand expression and expression of sialyl Lewisx (sLex), as defined by HECA-452 (cutaneous lymphocyte antigen; CLA) and CSLEX-1 mAbs. Cytokine activation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) also induced functional L-selectin ligand expression, with increased CLA expression and Fuc-TVII transcription. The majority of L-selectin-dependent lymphocyte attachment to activated HUVEC and 926-FtVII cells was blocked specifically by treating the endothelial cells with the HECA-452 mAb, but not the CSLEX-1 mAb. CLA-bearing ligands on vascular endothelium also required sulfation and appropriate molecular scaffolds for functional activity, but were distinct from the L-selectin ligands previously identified by the MECA-79 mAb. These findings demonstrate that the HECA-452- defined antigen, CLA, is an essential carbohydrate component of vascular L-selectin ligands.
Motion correction of respiratory-gated PET image using deep learning based image registration framework (2019)

Artifacts caused by patient breathing and movement during PET data acquisition affect image quality. Respiratory gating has been proposed to gate the list-mode PET data into multiple bins over a respiratory cycle. Non-rigid registration of respiratory-gated PET images can reduce the motion artifacts and preserve the count statistics, but it is time consuming. In this work, we propose an unsupervised non-rigid image registration framework using deep learning. We use a differentiable spatial transformer layer to warp the source image to the target image and use a stacked structure for deformation field refinement. Estimated deformation fields were incorporated into an iterative image reconstruction algorithm to perform motion compensated PET image reconstruction. We validated the proposed method using simulation and clinical data and showed its ability to reduce the motion artifact in PET images.
Tetrachlorophosphonium oxotetrachlorochromate(V) (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTetrachlorophosphonium oxotetrachlorochromate(V)Kenneth R. Seddon and Valerie H. ThomasCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1978, 17, 3, 749–751Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50181a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50181a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views26Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A New Technical Standard Procedure to Measure Stimulation and Gravel-pack Fluid Leak-off under Dynamic Conditions (2015)

Abstract Historically, leak-off analyses of stimulation fluids have been performed using in-house laboratory procedures. The lack of industry standard procedures to perform leak-off and wall building coefficient analyses of stimulation fluids has introduced inconsistency in both results and reporting for many years. A technical standard adopted in 2006 by both API and ISO for static conditions has provided the oil and gas industry with the first standardized procedure to measure and report leak-off1. However, the more complex testing under dynamic conditions was not addressed. As a result, a group of industry experts have compiled their years of experiences in developing a new technical standard to measure the leak-off characteristics of stimulation and gravel-pack fluids under dynamic flow conditions. Stimulation and gravel-pack fluids are defined, for the purpose of this technical standard, as fluids used to enhance production from oil and gas wells by fracturing and fluids used to place filtration media to control formation sand production from oil and gas wells. Leak-off is the amount of fluid lost to porous media during these operations. The leak-off procedure was developed through the collaboration of several industry companies by evaluating numerous in-house laboratory techniques and conducting round robin testing to ensure that any modifications to these procedures were reliable and repeatable. The new standard provides a step-by-step procedure that includes fluid preparation, experimental equipment design, testing procedure and data analyses for fluids exhibiting viscosity controlled leak-off or wall building characteristics. Example calculations are reviewed within this paper.
Оценка экологического ущерба при аварийных ситуациях в сельскохозяйственном производстве (2010)

The paper describes an example how the developed estimation procedure was applied in practice to assess the negative environmental impact of agricultural technologies, machines and equipment in case of emergency situation on the waste water treatment facility.
A distributed scheduling algorithm for real-time (D-SAR) industrial wireless sensor and actuator networks (2012)

Current wireless standards and protocols for industrial applications, such as WirelessHART and ISA100.11a, typically use centralized network management for communication scheduling and route establishment. However, due to their centralized nature, these protocols have difficulty coping with dynamic large-scale networks. To address this problem, we propose D-SAR, a distributed resource reservation algorithm that allows source nodes to meet the Quality-of-Service requirements for peer-to-peer communication. D-SAR uses concepts derived from circuit switching and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks and applies them to wireless sensor and actuator networks. Simulations show that latency in connection setup is 93% less in D-SAR compared to WirelessHART and that 89% fewer messages are sent during connection setup in case the distance from source to destination is 12 hops.