gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vivo kinetics of Wolbachia depletion by ABBV-4083 in L. sigmodontis adult worms and microfilariae (2019)

Depletion of Wolbachia endosymbionts of human pathogenic filariae using 4-6 weeks of doxycycline treatment can lead to permanent sterilization and adult filarial death. We investigated the anti-Wolbachia drug candidate ABBV-4083 in the Litomosoides sigmodontis rodent model to determine Wolbachia depletion kinetics with different regimens. Wolbachia reduction occurred in mice as early as 3 days after the initiation of ABBV-4083 treatment and continued throughout a 10-day treatment period. Importantly, Wolbachia levels continued to decline after a 5-day-treatment from 91.5% to 99.9% during a 3-week washout period. In jirds, two weeks of ABBV-4083 treatment (100mg/kg once-per-day) caused a >99.9% Wolbachia depletion in female adult worms, and the kinetics of Wolbachia depletion were recapitulated in peripheral blood microfilariae. Similar to Wolbachia depletion, inhibition of embryogenesis was time-dependent in ABBV-4083-treated jirds, leading to a complete lack of late embryonic stages (stretched microfilariae) and lack of peripheral microfilariae in 5/6 ABBV-4083-treated jirds by 14 weeks after treatment. Twice daily treatment in comparison to once daily treatment with ABBV-4083 did not significantly improve Wolbachia depletion. Moreover, up to 4 nonconsecutive daily treatments within a 14-dose regimen did not significantly erode Wolbachia depletion. Within the limitations of an animal model that does not fully recapitulate human filarial disease, our studies suggest that Wolbachia depletion should be assessed clinically no earlier than 3-4 weeks after the end of treatment, and that Wolbachia depletion in microfilariae may be a viable surrogate marker for the depletion within adult worms. Furthermore, strict daily adherence to the dosing regimen with anti-Wolbachia candidates may not be required, provided that the full regimen is subsequently completed.
Nanoparticle protein corona evolution: from biological impact to biomarker discovery (2022)

Nanoparticles exposed to biological fluids such as blood, quickly interact with their surrounding milieu resulting in a biological coating that results in large part as a function of the physicochemical properties of the nanomaterial. The large nanoparticle surface area-to-volume ratio further augments binding of biological molecules and the resulting biomolecular or protein corona, once thought of as problematic biofouling, is now viewed as a rich source of biological information that can guide the development of nanomedicines. This review gives an overview of the utility of the protein corona in proteomic profiling and discusses how a better understanding of nano-bio interactions can accelerate the clinical translation of nanomedicines and facilitate the identification of disease-specific biomarkers. With the FDA requirement of the protein corona analysis of nanoparticles in place, it is envisaged that analyzing the protein corona of nanoparticles on a case-by-case basis can provide highly valuable nano-bio interface information that can aid and improve their clinical translation.
PAMELA: control of a segmented mirror via wavefront tilt and segment piston sensing (1992)

A hardware demonstration of segmented mirror systems for adaptive optics is described. The basis of the phased array mirror extendible large aperture (PAMELATM) concept is that large adaptive mirrors can be fabricated from many small segments by utilizing edge-sensors, which measure the piston error between segments. We have investigated the interaction between the piston and tilt control loops which direct the motion of individual segments. The segment tilt, which is set by a wavefront-sensor-based control loop, directly affects the piston error between segments; therefore, the segment piston control loop must be able to perform corrections much faster than the rate at which the tilt corrections are being performed. In this experiment, we have one fully actuated segment with a wavefront sensor measuring the error in the wavefront gradient. An adjacent segment is driven in piston to produce the piston error signal. We measure and present the bandwidth trade-offs between the two control loops and predict how this will affect the performance of larger systems. This interactive control loop methodology has an advantage over normal adaptive optics systems in that the computationally intensive wavefront reconstruction process can be removed due to the direct measurement of both the tilt and the piston errors.
AUV Real-Time Acoustic Obstacle Detection and Avoidance (2012)

Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) operate in unknown underwater environments and take decisions based on sensor readings, without any link with a human operator. It is critical for the AUVs to be able to avoid submerged obstacles such as cliffs, wrecks and floating mines to improve vehicle survivability. In this study, a real–time obstacle detection and avoidance algorithm that uses forward looking sonar is presented. FPGA technology was used to attain real-time processing. The proposed algorithms are focused on horizontal plane obstacle detection and avoidance.
Scrapie Infection Diminishes Spines and Increases Varicosities of Dendrites in Hamsters (1987)

An altered morphology of neuronal dendrites has been shown to be associated with many degenerative diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Scrapie is a CNS degenerative disorder caused by a novel infectious particle or prion. Golgi impregnation studies showed that neurons in the scrapie-infected brains of hamsters contained varicose swellings and diminished numbers of dendritic spines. In order to ascertain whether or not these differences were statistically significant, quantitative methods were applied to brain samples from scrapie-infected hamsters and compared to uninfected controls. Golgi impregnated layer III pyramidal neurons from both motor and visual cortex exhibited two types of changes in infected animals. First, loss of dendritic spines on the apical shaft of both motor and visual neurons were found from 50 to 200 microns from the cell body (p less than 0.001). Second, spherical varicosities on dendritic stalks ranging from 7 to 25 microns in diameter were found. The average number of varicosities per cell was 18.1 in infected animals with varicosities on dendrites of controls numbering less than 3 per cell. Less than 2% of the control cells exhibited these varicosities, while greater than 80% of the scrapie dendrites exhibited varicosities. These changes in scrapie are similar to those reported in Creutzfeldt-Jakob and Alzheimer's disease in human patients.
Brain‐Derived Neurotrophic Factor Stimulates AP‐1 and Cyclic AMP‐Responsive Element Dependent Transcriptional Activity in Central Nervous System Neurons (1996)

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophin family, regulates survival and apoptosis of several neuronal populations. These effects are initiated by high-affinity membrane receptors displaying tyrosine kinase activity (trk). However, the intracellular pathways and genetic mechanisms associated with these receptors are largely unknown. Here we show that BDNF stimulates AP1 binding activity in primary cerebellar neurons. This binding corresponds to a functional complex as it is associated with the induction of AP1-dependent transactivation. Application of AP1 partner mRNAs shows an increase in levels of c-fos and c-jun mRNAs after BDNF treatment, resulting from an induction of their promoters. The cis-acting elements by which BDNF stimulates c-fos transcription were further studied. We show that BDNF impinges on multiple regulatory elements, including the serum-responsive element, Fos AP1-like element, and cyclic AMP (cAMP)-responsive element (CRE) sequences. The latter was stimulated without any detectable increase in cAMP or Ca2+ levels. To confirm that BDNF induces c-fos transcription independently of the protein kinase A/cAMP pathway, we transfected a dominant inhibitory mutant of the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A. The overexpression of this mutant does not affect the c-fos promoter transactivation by BDNF. In summary, we show that BDNF stimulates AP1- and CRE-dependent transcription through a mechanism that is distinct from the cAMP- and Ca(2+)-dependent pathways in CNS neurons.
Fusion of NUP214 to ABL1 on Amplified Extrachromosomal Elements in T-ALL. (2004)

Abstract The Philadelphia translocation, encoding the BCR-ABL1 (BCR-ABL) fusion gene, is typically found in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), but is exceptionally rare in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). To study the potential involvement of ABL1 gene rearrangements in T-cell malignancies, we screened 90 T-ALL cases by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), using BCR and ABL1 probes. No BCR-ABL1 fusion signals were observed, confirming the low frequency of this rearrangement in T-ALL, but we did observe marked amplification (&amp;gt; 10 signals per nucleus) ABL1 of in 5 of 90 (5.5 %) T-ALL patients. Amplification of ABL1 occurred on small extrachromosomal elements that were not detectable by conventional cytogenetics. and hence are referred to as episomes. FISH, and array-CGH analyses delineated the amplicon as a 500 kb region from chromosome band 9q34, containing the oncogenes ABL1 and NUP214 (CAN). Molecular analysis led to the identification of a NUP214-ABL1 fusion gene, which is generated as result of the circularization of the genomic region between ABL1 and NUP214 to form the episomes. This is the first example of an oncogenic fusion gene generated by extrachromosomal amplification. The NUP214-ABL1 transcript was detected in 5 patients with ABL1 amplification, in 5 of 85 (5.8 %) additional T-ALL patients, and in 3 of 22 T-ALL cell lines. The constitutively phosphorylated tyrosine kinase NUP214-ABL1 is sensitive to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate (STI-571). The recurrent cryptic NUP214-ABL1 rearrangement is associated with increased expression TLX1 of (HOX11) or TLX3 (HOX11L2), and with deletion of CDKN2A (p16), consistent with a multi-step pathogenesis of T-ALL. Our results identify a novel mechanism for the generation of a fusion gene on extrachromosomal elements, and indicate the importance of activated tyrosine kinase signaling in the pathogenesis of T-ALL. NUP214-ABL1 expression defines a new subgroup of T-ALL patients that could benefit from imatinib treatment.
C-terminal Hsp90 inhibitors restore glucocorticoid sensitivity in an experimental model for Cushing's disease (2014)

Cushing's disease (CD) is a severe neuroendocrine condition caused by partially glucocorticoid (Gc) resistant corticotroph adenomas of the anterior pituitary. No safe and efficacious pharmacologic treatment exists to combat Gc-resistance, the central etiologic mechanism in CD. The molecular chaperone Hsp90 directly regulates the function of GR, and aberrant expression levels of Hsp90 impede GR-activity. To date, the role of Hsp90 in GR-signaling has never been investigated in corticotroph adenomas.
Increasing the Stiffness of the Extracellular Matrix Is a Sufficient Condition for Airway Hyperreactivity (2021)

Rationale: Asthma is an inflammatory disease of the airways brought about by persistent inflammation. Even when inflammation is brought under control, asthmatic airways can still hyperconstrict to a low dose of inhaled agonists. This suggests that there are mechanisms at play that are likely triggered by inflammation and eventually become self-sustaining so that even when inflammation is brought back under control, these alternative mechanisms continue to drive airway hyperreactivity in asthmatics. One such mechanism that has garnered considerable attention is the irreversible change to collagen fibers within the airway wall that increase the stiffness of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The goal of this study is to demonstrate that hypercontractility can be induced in a healthy airway without the use of any inflammatory agent, simply by increasing the stiffness of the collagen in the airway ECM. Methods: Viable bronchial airway rings (1-3 mm diameter) were dissected from the main stem bronchus of a bovine lung and their baseline inner lumen diameters were measured. Airways were then exposed to a low dose of acetylcholine (10 -5 M ACh) and airway reactivity was recorded for 5 minutes. To increase the stiffness of airway ECM, collagen fibers within the airway wall were photo-crosslinked by treating airways with 1% riboflavin (vitamin B2) solution for 5 minutes followed by 15 minutes of exposure to Ultraviolet-A radiation. After riboflavin+UV treatment, airways were again exposed to the same low dose of ACh and their post-treatment reactivity was measured. Airway reactivity was reported as the percentage change in the inner luminal area from baseline before and after treatment. Results: Airways treated with riboflavin+UV experienced an increase in reactivity from &#120643;; = 36.2 37.4% (pre-treatment, N = 9) to &#120643;; = 74.5 28.7% (post-treatment, N = 9). A One-way RM ANOVA test was performed with riboflavin and UV-A treatment as the independent factor, and airway reactivity &#120643;; measured before and after treatment as the dependent variable. We found that photocrosslinking of collagen significantly increased airway reactivity for the same dose of contractile agonist (P < 0.001, N = 9). Conclusions: ECM remodeling has long been thought of as a consequence of disease progression in asthma. However, our results provide evidence that structural changes within the airway wall which increase the stiffness of airway ECM is sufficient to sustain airway hyperreactivity, even when inflammation is brought under control. These findings highlight the need for therapies which target ECM remodeling in asthma.
Multimodal Sensor Fusion for Robust Obstacle Detection and Classification in the Maritime RobotX Challenge (2018)

This paper describes a novel probabilistic sensor fusion framework aimed at improving obstacle detection accuracy and classification of various targets experienced in the Maritime RobotX Challenge. In both the 2014 and 2016 Maritime RobotX Challenges, it was found that detecting obstacles using LIDAR only and classifying obstacles using vision only can be challenged by environmental conditions, such as glare from the sun or by objects such as the spherical black buoys from the obstacle field that disperses LIDAR rays. In this paper, a new multimodal sensor fusion approach is proposed that combines data streams from perception sensors, such as LIDAR, RADAR, and cameras, to improve the robustness of detection and classification performance over a single sensor method. Using data collected from both the 2014 and 2016 Maritime RobotX Challenges, an evaluation of the perception framework is provided. The proposed detection and classification framework is now being transferred to the Queensland University of Technology (QUT) autonomous surface vehicle to improve overall mapping accuracy and task execution.
Record performance of parametric amplifier constructed with highly nonlinear fibre (2003)

Record performance from a two-pump parametric amplifier constructed with highly nonlinear fibre is reported. Equalised continuous-wave parametric gain of 40 dB was achieved over 33.8 nm without any gain-flattening elements. Maximal difference between signal and idler powers was measured to be 1 dB within the equalised gain band.
Co-operative vehicle localization algorithm &amp;#x2014; Evaluation of the CoVeL approach (2012)

Accurate, reliable and affordable vehicle localization is still in the focus of current research. As the sensor budget of a vehicle is limited, new approaches to improve the positioning accuracy have to be exploited. In general, urban environment further increases the number of factors affecting the performance of a system. However, the often irregular and non-repeating structure the road network creates new aspects to address the localization problem. One cost-efficient method is to incorporate digital maps to perform some kind of map matching. Furthermore, vehicle-to-vehicle communication can be used to exchange information about the relative position of the vehicles, which in turn can also be used to improve the ego positioning. One approach on co-operative positioning has been elaborated in the European Project CoVeL and was already published. While previous work was to a significant extend based on simulated data, the final paper at hand presents results based on real world data. With a fleet of six vehicles, the cooperative localization algorithm has been evaluated under real world conditions on open public roads. The algorithmic results were compared to Ground Truth data from a high-accuracy and high-availability GPS/INS reference system.
The Reversal of the Anticoagulant and Anti‐hemostatic Effect of LMWH by rLopap (2015)

Lopap, found in the bristles of the caterpillar&lt;em style=“mso‐bidi‐font‐style: normal;”&gt; Lonomia obliqua, is the first exogenous prothrombin activator that shows serineprotease‐like activity and only lipocalin reported to interfere with hemostasis mechanisms. The aim was to assess the effect of recombinant Lopap, obtained using an E. coli expression system, as an exogenous hemostatic factor in reversing bleeding induced by LMWH .The experimental protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee for the Use of Animals of the Teaching and Research Institute, Hospital Sírio‐Libanês. Briefly, anesthesia was induced with ketamine HCl (40 mg/kg, im) and xylazine (5 mg/kg, im) and was maintained by intermittent injections of the same mixture. Rabbits were allocated to 4 groups and received 1800IU/kg LMWH iv over 2 min, followed by iv administration of saline (SG) or rLopap at a dose of 1 μg/kg (LG1) or 10 μg/kg (LG10), 10 min after the injection of LMWH. The reversal of the anticoagulant and anti‐hemostatic effect of LMWH by rLopap were assessed in terms of bleeding time (BT) and laboratory tests; activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (TP), prothrombin fragment F1+2, Thrombin generation, Thrombin‐Antithrombin complex (TAT) and fibrinogen. LG10 animals showed a decreased BT near normal baseline. The levels of prothrombin fragment F1+2 and measured thrombin were inversely proportional to BT. rLopap can be a possible template for the reversal of bleeding and anticoagulant events. Supported by FAPESP
Physical characterization of ilv-lac fusions (1979)

Electron microscopic heteroduplex analysis and comparative restriction digests have been used to characterize lambda p123(209), the complementary pair of phages used in the Casadaban technique of gene fusion. Derivatives of lambda 1(209) constructed to carry fusions of the lac genes to the control regions of the ilvC and ilvEDA operons were also analyzed. These physical maps have provided confirmation of the genetic models for these constructions and physical specifications important in interpreting the behavior of these ilv-lac fusions.
MRI retrospective respiratory gating and cardiac sensing by CW Doppler radar: A feasibility study (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This study investigates the feasibility of non-contact retrospective respiratory gating and cardiac sensing using continuous wave Doppler radar deployed in an MRI system. &lt;/p&gt;
The next knowledge medium (1986)

The most widely understood goal of artificial intelligence is to understand and build autonomous, intelligent, thinking machines. A perhaps larger opportunity and complementary goal is to understand and build an interactive knowledge medium.
Permeabilization and recovery of the stratum corneum in vivo: The synergy of photomechanical waves and sodium lauryl sulfate (2001)

The combination of photomechanical waves and surfactants can enhance transdermal drug delivery.
MultiJava (2006)

MultiJava is a conservative extension of the Java programming language that adds symmetric multiple dispatch and open classes. Among other benefits, multiple dispatch provides a solution to the binary method problem. Open classes provide a solution to the extensibility problem of object-oriented programming languages, allowing the modular addition of both new types and new operations to an existing type hierarchy. This article illustrates and motivates the design of MultiJava and describes its modular static typechecking and modular compilation strategies. Although MultiJava extends Java, the key ideas of the language design are applicable to other object-oriented languages, such as C# and C++, and even, with some modifications, to functional languages such as ML.This article also discusses the variety of application domains in which MultiJava has been successfully used by others, including pervasive computing, graphical user interfaces, and compilers. MultiJava allows users to express desired programming idioms in a way that is declarative and supports static typechecking, in contrast to the tedious and type-unsafe workarounds required in Java. MultiJava also provides opportunities for new kinds of extensibility that are not easily available in Java.
Gradual attenuation of a congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt with a self‐retaining polyacrylic acid‐silicone device in 6 dogs (2018)

The PAS-OD is a new option for gradual occlusion of congenital EHPSS over 8 weeks.
Evolving Fixation Methods in Endoscopically Assisted Forehead Rejuvenation: Controversies and Rationale (1997)

Discussion by Bahman Guyuron, M.D., F.A.C.S. Received for publication March 17, 1997; revised April 7, 1997. Bahman Guyuron, M.D. 29017 Cedar Road Lyndhurst, Ohio 44124
ChemInform Abstract: AN EXPEDIENT SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTITUTED INDOLES (1985)

Abstract Aus den o‐Toluidin‐Derivaten (I) erhält man durchzMetallierung und Umsetzung mit den Estern (III) die Indole (IV).
TGFBI functions similar to periostin but is uniquely dispensable during cardiac injury (2017)

Extracellular matrix production and accumulation stabilize the heart under normal conditions as well as form a protective scar after myocardial infarction injury, although excessive extracellular matrix accumulation with long-standing heart disease is pathological. In the current study we investigate the role of the matricellular protein, transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFBI), which is induced in various forms of heart disease. Additionally, we sought to understand whether TGFBI is functionally redundant to its closely related family member periostin, which is also induced in the diseased heart. Surgical models of myocardial infarction and cardiac pressure overload were used in mice with genetic loss of Postn and/or Tgfbi to examine the roles of these genes during the fibrotic response. Additionally, cardiac-specific TGFBI transgenic mice were generated and analyzed. We observed that deletion of Tgfbi did not alter cardiac disease after myocardial infarction in contrast to greater ventricular wall rupture in Postn gene-deleted mice. Moreover, Tgfbi and Postn double gene-deleted mice showed a similar post-myocardial infarction disease phenotype as Postn-deleted mice. Over-expression of TGFBI in the hearts of mice had a similar effect as previously shown in mice with periostin over-expression. Thus, TGFBI and periostin act similarly in the heart in affecting fibrosis and disease responsiveness, although TGFBI is not seemingly necessary in the heart after myocardial infarction injury and is fully compensated by the more prominently expressed effector periostin.