gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Drugs and athletic activity: do they fit together?]. (2010)

Competitive sports eligibility, mandatory for the Italian law in all age classes, from young to master athletes, involves millions of subjects, who are at risk during their sport career both for prescription and illicit drugs (or banned substances included in the World Anti-Doping Agency list, annually updated). These drugs may interfere with adrenergic hyperactivation related to athletic activity and can bring to unfavorable cardiovascular effects, such as arrhythmias, coronary artery disease, myocarditis, pericarditis, heart failure, ion channel disease. Moreover, numerous compounds may reduce athletic performance. Cardiovascular side effects are more frequently reported when drug co-administration is performed, which occurs frequently. Drug co-administration may have a higher risk when a common metabolic pathway is used (i.e. P450 hepatic cytochrome), and inhibition or induction effects modify plasma drug levels. One of the most important problems remains for combination of drugs that might be torsadogenic. Therefore, it is mandatory to be aware of pharmacokinetic properties, mechanisms of action, side effects and interactions between drugs and competitive sports activities; moreover, possible clinical, instrumental (i.e. ECG) or laboratory markers should be pointed out in order to recognize a possible toxic effect and subsequently interrupt or modify drug administration and/or assumption.
Trace element distributions between matte and slag in direct nickel matte smelting (2020)

Behaviour of trace elements in the nickel matte smelting was studied at 1673 K (1400°C) by equilibration-quenching techniques followed by direct phase analyses using electron probe X-ray microanalysis and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The matte-slag samples at silica saturation were equilibrated with SO2-CO-CO2-Ar mixtures of fixed pSO2, pS2 and pO2 in order to obtain a pre-determined oxidation degree for the sulphide matte, and thus to generate a targeted iron concentration of the nickel-copper–iron sulphide matte (Ni:Cu = 5, w/w), depending on the slag chemistry. The slag composition was varied from 0 to 2 wt-% K2O and 0–10 wt-% MgO in silica saturation. The studied trace elements were Co, Ge, Pb, Se and Sn, but also the matte-to-slag distributions of the slag forming fluxing components Mg (MgO) and Si (SiO2) were determined experimentally. Selenium was the only trace element studied which strongly enriched in the low-iron nickel mattes, and the deportment became larger when the sulphide matte depleted with iron. All the other trace elements behaved in the opposite way.
Topological invariance of the Collet–Eckmann property for S-unimodal maps (1998)

We prove that if f, g are smooth unimodal maps of the interval with negative Schwarzian derivative, conjugated by a homeomorphism of the interval, and f is Collet-Eckmann, then so is g.
Functional and morphological ultrasonic biomicroscopy for tissue engineers (2006)

Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that combines various aspects of engineering and life sciences and aims to develop biological substitutes to restore, repair or maintain tissue function. Currently, the ability to have quantitative functional assays of engineered tissues is limited to existing invasive methods like biopsy. Hence, an imaging tool for non-invasive and simultaneous evaluation of the anatomical and functional properties of the engineered tissue is needed. In this paper we present an advanced in-vivo imaging technology - ultrasound biomicroscopy combined with complementary photoacoustic and elasticity imaging techniques, capable of accurate visualization of both structural and functional changes in engineered tissues, sequential monitoring of tissue adaptation and/or regeneration, and possible assistance of drug delivery and treatment planning. The combined imaging at microscopic resolution was evaluated on tissue mimicking phantoms imaged with 25 MHz single element focused transducer. The results of our study demonstrate that the ultrasonic, photoacoustic and elasticity images synergistically complement each other in detecting features otherwise imperceptible using the individual techniques. Finally, we illustrate the feasibility of the combined ultrasound, photoacoustic and elasticity imaging techniques in accurately assessing the morphological and functional changes occurring in engineered tissue.
Molecular Interactions of Human Plasminogen with Fibronectin-binding Protein B (FnBPB), a Fibrinogen/Fibronectin-binding Protein from Staphylococcus aureus (2016)

Staphylococcus aureus is a commensal bacterium that has the ability to cause superficial and deep-seated infections. Like several other invasive pathogens, S. aureus can capture plasminogen from the human host where it can be converted to plasmin by host plasminogen activators or by endogenously expressed staphylokinase. This study demonstrates that sortase-anchored cell wall-associated proteins are responsible for capturing the bulk of bound plasminogen. Two cell wall-associated proteins, the fibrinogen- and fibronectin-binding proteins A and B, were found to bind plasminogen, and one of them, FnBPB, was studied in detail. Plasminogen captured on the surface of S. aureus- or Lactococcus lactis-expressing FnBPB could be activated to the potent serine protease plasmin by staphylokinase and tissue plasminogen activator. Plasminogen bound to recombinant FnBPB with a KD of 0.532 μm as determined by surface plasmon resonance. Plasminogen binding did not to occur by the same mechanism through which FnBPB binds to fibrinogen. Indeed, FnBPB could bind both ligands simultaneously indicating that their binding sites do not overlap. The N3 subdomain of FnBPB contains the full plasminogen-binding site, and this includes, at least in part, two conserved patches of surface-located lysine residues that were recognized by kringle 4 of the host protein.
Genauigkeit der präoperativen Cochlealängenbestimmung mittels DVT und HR MRT (2018)

In der vorliegenden Studie wurde die Genauigkeit der Cochlealängenmessung an Datensätzen von DVT und 3-Tesla-MRT überprüft. Die Validierung erfolgte mit Korrosionspräparaten derselben humanen Cochlea.
Near-optimal algorithms for link-scheduling, routing and positioning of mobile base stations in wireless sensor networks (2006)

We consider the issue of energy efficient communication in sensor networks. To conserve energy available at each node we propose to employ a TDMA MAC protocol and an energy-efficient routing protocol. In addition, we explore the option of employing multiple intermittently mobile base stations to extend the lifetime of sensor networks. To limit the latency incurred in forwarding packets to the base station we propose to employ an energy-aware routing protocol wherein the maximum number of hops a packet is allowed to traverse is limited. In this dissertation we consider the following problems: (i) timeslot assignment to edges, referred to as link-scheduling, (ii) joint optimization of routing and base station positioning and (iii) hop-constrained energy-aware routing. 
We propose a distributed link-scheduling algorithm based on edge coloring of a graph. We show that our link-scheduling algorithm uses at most 2(Δ+1) timeslots in acyclic networks. Results for general topologies are demonstrated using simulations; for sparse graphs, we show that the number of timeslots required is around 2(Δ+1). We propose a mixed-integer linear program (MILP) to determine locations for the base stations and to perform network-flow based energy-efficient routing. To address the hop-constrained energy-aware routing we formulate a Linear Program (LP) to minimize the maximum energy spent by any node in the network. The proposed LP imposes a limit on the number of hops any packet may traverse. A solution to the MILP/LP yields routing information in terms of the number of packets to be forwarded along each edge; however, non-integral values of the flow variables might require splitting a packet across multiple routes. As packet splitting incurs additional overhead in tracking various fragments, it is desirable to have integral routing information. We, therefore, propose a rounding algorithm based on the minimum cost flow problem and prove that the energy spent by a node in the resulting integral solution is at most a constant more than the optimal LP solution.
Das Rekruitment immun-kompetenter Zellen in eine transplantierte Lunge ist trotz inkompletter Reinnervierung nicht behindert (2000)

The recruitment of immune cells into the lung interstitium and bronchoalveolar space of grafted lungs is not impaired. The incomplete reinnervation has no influence on leukocyte recruitment.
Pre-clinical and clinical investigations of metabolic zonation in liver diseases: The potential of microphysiology systems (2017)

The establishment of metabolic zonation within a hepatic lobule ascribes specific functions to hepatocytes based on unique, location-dependent gene expression patterns. Recently, there have been significant developments in the field of metabolic liver zonation. A little over a decade ago, the role of β-catenin signaling was identified as a key regulator of gene expression and function in pericentral hepatocytes. Since then, additional molecules have been identified that regulate the pattern of Wnt/β-catenin signaling within a lobule and determine gene expression and function in other hepatic zones. Currently, the molecular basis of metabolic zonation in the liver appears to be a 'push and pull' between signaling pathways. Such compartmentalization not only provides an efficient assembly line for hepatocyte functions but also can account for restricting the initial hepatic damage and pathology from some hepatotoxic drugs to specific zones, possibly enabling effective regeneration and restitution responses from unaffected cells. Careful analysis and experimentation have also revealed that many pathological conditions in the liver lobule are spatially heterogeneous. We will review current research efforts that have focused on examination of the role and regulation of such mechanisms of hepatocyte adaptation and repair. We will discuss how the pathological organ-specific microenvironment affects cell signaling and metabolic liver zonation, especially in steatosis, viral hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. We will discuss how the use of new human microphysiological platforms will lead to a better understanding of liver disease progression, diagnosis, and therapies. In conclusion, we aim to provide insights into the role and regulation of metabolic zonation and function using traditional and innovative approaches. Impact statement Liver zonation of oxygen tension along the liver sinusoids has been identified as a critical liver microenvironment that impacts specific liver functions such as intermediary metabolism of amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, detoxification of xenobiotics and as sites for initiation of liver diseases. To date, most information on the role of zonation in liver disease including, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been obtained from animal models. It is now possible to complement animal studies with human liver, microphysiology systems (MPS) containing induced pluripotent stem cells engineered to create disease models where it is also possible to control the in vitro liver oxygen microenvironment to define the role of zonation on the mechanism(s) of disease progression. The field now has the tools to investigate human liver disease progression, diagnosis, and therapeutic development.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (+)‐Crocacin C. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Source Camera Attribution from Strongly Stabilized Videos. (2019)

The in-camera image stabilization technology deployed by most cameras today poses one of the most significant challenges to photo-response non-uniformity based source camera attribution from videos. When performed digitally, stabilization involves cropping, warping, and inpainting of video frames to eliminate unwanted camera motion. Hence, successful attribution requires the inversion of these transformations in a blind manner. To address this challenge, we introduce a source camera verification method for videos that takes into account the spatially variant nature of stabilization transformations. Our method identifies transformations at a sub-frame level and incorporates a number of constraints to validate their correctness. The method also adopts a holistic approach in countering disruptive effects of other video generation steps, such as video coding and downsizing, for more reliable attribution. Tests performed on a public dataset of stabilized videos show that the proposed method improves attribution rate over existing methods by 17-19\% without a significant impact on false attribution rate.
INACTIVATION OF DECAY-ACCELERATOR ACTIVITY OF FACTOR H BY MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES (1999)

(Bion Diagnostic Sciences, Redmond, Washington, and Genitourinary Cancer Research Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington).
L-Leucyl-L-alanine Dimethyl Sulfoxide Solvate (1996)

In the title compiound, C9H18N2O3.C2H6OS, the dipeptide molecule exists as a zwitterion and the backbone adopts an extended conformation. The peptide unit is trans and shows slight deviation from planarity [ω1 = 174.4 (3)°]. The leucyl side chain adopts the t(g+t) conformation. The crystal packing gives rise to channels which are occupied by the disordered DMSO solvent molecules.
Reconfigurable free-space optical interconnections with a phase-only liquid-crystal spatial light modulator (1992)

A range of space-invariant and space-variant holographic optical interconnections are demonstrated with the aid of a nematic liquid-crystal panel that is capable of nearly continuous phase modulation. Results on fan-out, nearest-neighbor/next-nearest-neighbor interconnects, and 8-bit perfect shuffle are presented. The diffraction efficiencies are close to 15% of incident light in all cases.
Multi-Timescale Online Optimization of Network Function Virtualization for Service Chaining (2018)

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) can cost-efficiently provide network services by running different virtual network functions (VNFs) at different virtual machines (VMs) in a correct order. This can result in strong couplings between the decisions of the VMs on the placement and operations of VNFs. This paper presents a new fully decentralized online approach for optimal placement and operations of VNFs. Building on a new stochastic dual gradient method, our approach decouples the real-time decisions of VMs, asymptotically minimizes the time-average cost of NFV, and stabilizes the backlogs of network services with a cost-backlog tradeoff of $[ε,1/ε]$, for any $ε&gt; 0$. Our approach can be relaxed into multiple timescales to have VNFs (re)placed at a larger timescale and hence alleviate service interruptions. While proved to preserve the asymptotic optimality, the larger timescale can slow down the optimal placement of VNFs. A learn-and-adapt strategy is further designed to speed the placement up with an improved tradeoff $[ε,\log^2(ε)/{\sqrtε}]$. Numerical results show that the proposed method is able to reduce the time-average cost of NFV by 30\% and reduce the queue length (or delay) by 83\%, as compared to existing benchmarks.
Rôle de Reptalus quinquecostatus dans l'épidémiologie du Bois Noir (2016)

National audience
Computational Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging in Endoscopic System (2016)

We demonstrate an endoscopic imaging system for microscopic flow measurement (for example blood flow in tissue) using laser speckle contrast imaging. Computational imaging is used to reject sub-surface scattering and eliminates erroneous flow speed estimation.
Qualitative Analysis of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes across Human Tumor Types Reveals a Higher Proportion of Bystander CD8+ T Cells in Non-Melanoma Cancers Compared to Melanoma (2020)

<i>Background:</i> Human intratumoral T cell infiltrates can be defined by quantitative or qualitative features, such as their ability to recognize autologous tumor antigens. In this study, we reproduced the tumor-T cell interactions of individual patients to determine and compared the qualitative characteristics of intratumoral T cell infiltrates across multiple tumor types. <i>Methods:</i> We employed 187 pairs of unselected tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and autologous tumor cells from patients with melanoma, renal-, ovarian-cancer or sarcoma, and single-cell RNA sequencing data from a pooled cohort of 93 patients with melanoma or epithelial cancers. Measures of TIL quality including the proportion of tumor-reactive CD8<sup>+</sup> and CD4<sup>+</sup> TILs, and TIL response polyfunctionality were determined. <i>Results:</i> Tumor-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> and CD4<sup>+</sup> TIL responses were detected in over half of the patients in vitro, and greater CD8<sup>+</sup> TIL responses were observed in melanoma, regardless of previous anti-PD-1 treatment, compared to renal cancer, ovarian cancer and sarcoma. The proportion of tumor-reactive CD4<sup>+</sup> TILs was on average lower and the differences less pronounced across tumor types. Overall, the proportion of tumor-reactive TILs in vitro was remarkably low, implying a high fraction of TILs to be bystanders, and highly variable within the same tumor type. In situ analyses, based on eight single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets encompassing melanoma and five epithelial cancers types, corroborated the results obtained in vitro. Strikingly, no strong correlation between the proportion of CD8<sup>+</sup> and CD4<sup>+</sup> tumor-reactive TILs was detected, suggesting the accumulation of these responses in the tumor microenvironment to follow non-overlapping biological pathways. Additionally, no strong correlation between TIL responses and tumor mutational burden (TMB) in melanoma was observed, indicating that TMB was not a major driving force of response. No substantial differences in polyfunctionality across tumor types were observed. <i>Conclusions:</i> These analyses shed light on the functional features defining the quality of TIL infiltrates in cancer. A significant proportion of TILs across tumor types, especially non-melanoma, are bystander T cells. These results highlight the need to develop strategies focused on the tumor-reactive TIL subpopulation.
Wearable microwave radiometers for remote fire detection: System-on-Chip (SoC) design and proof of the concept (2008)

The paper reports the present status of the project aimed at the realization of a wearable low-cost low-power System-on-Chip (SoC) 13-GHz passive microwave radiometer in CMOS 90 nm technology. This sensor has been thought to be inserted into the firemen jacket in order to help them in the detection of a hidden fire behind a door or a wall, especially where the IR technology fail. With respect of the prior art, the SoC is further developed and a proof of the concept is provided by means of a discrete-component prototype.
Generation of leukotrienes from human granulocytes by alveolysin from Bacillus alvei (1984)

We investigated the effect of alveolysin on human granulocytes. Alveolysin is an exoprotein produced by Bacillus alvei and belongs to the group of sulfhydryl-activated cytolysins. Other members of this group are streptolysin O and theta-toxin from Clostridium perfringens. It is demonstrated that alveolysin leads to leukotriene generation from human granulocytes, which exert chemotactic (leukotriene B4) and slow-reacting substance (leukotriene C4, D4, and E4) activity under sublytic concentrations.
Gender-Specific Risk Factors for Reflux Esophagitis in a Predominantly Hispanic Population of a Large Safety-Net Hospital (2020)

We identify gender-specific associations with severe esophagitis in a predominantly Hispanic cohort. In females, obese BMI appears to be protective against severe esophagitis compared to normal BMI, while in men inpatient status and increasing age were associated with increased odds of severe esophagitis.
Pore size and LbL chitosan coating influence mesenchymal stem cell<i>in vitro</i>fibrosis and biomineralization in 3D porous poly(epsilon-caprolactone) scaffolds (2014)

Poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) is a hydrophobic bioplastic under development for bone tissue engineering applications. Limited information is available on the role of internal geometry and cell-surface attachment on osseous integration potential. We tested the hypothesis that human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) deposit more mineral inside porous 3D PCL scaffolds with fully interconnected 84 or 141 µm pores, when the surfaces are coated with chitosan via Layer-by-Layer (LbL)-deposited polyelectrolytes. Freshly trypsinized MSCs were seeded on PCL 3D cylinders using a novel static cold seeding method in 2% serum to optimally populate all depths of the scaffold discs, followed by 10 days of culture in proliferation medium and 21 additional days in osteogenic medium. MSCs were observed by SEM and histology to spread faster and to proliferate more on chitosan-coated pore surfaces. Most pores, with or without chitosan, became filled by collagen networks sparsely populated with fibroblast-like cells. After 21 days of culture in osteogenic medium, sporadic matrix mineralization was detected histologically and by micro-CT in highly cellular surface layers that enveloped all scaffolds and in cell aggregates in 141 µm pores near the edges. LbL-chitosan promoted punctate mineral deposition on the surfaces of 84 µm pores (p < 0.05 vs. PCL-only) but not the 141 µm pores. This study revealed that LbL-chitosan coatings are sufficient to promote MSC attachment to PCL but only enhance mineral formation in 84 µm pores, suggesting a potential inhibitory role for MSC-derived fibroblasts in osteoblast terminal differentiation.
High-Yield Extraction and Purification of Glutathione Reductase from Baker's Yeast (1991)

Glutathione reductase was extracted from toluene-treated baker's yeast cells by a two-stage buffer autolysis method. The yeast cells were treated with toluene for 1 h at 40 degrees C. After removal of the toluene, the cells were then allowed to autolysis in buffer for 72 h at 4 degrees C. The cells were collected and resuspended in buffer. A second stage autolysis was carried out for another 96 h at 4 degrees C. The enzyme was purified to 786-fold from the second stage cell autolysate by using two steps of affinity chromatography with triazine dyes (Yellow H-E4G and Yellow H-E6G) coupled to Sepharose CL-4B. By using this simplified method, 1.44 mg (165 units/mg) of glutathione reductase was obtained from 65 g (wet weight) of yeast cells, equivalent to 80% enzyme recovery.
Fabrication of free-standing subwavelength metal–insulator–metal gratings using high-aspect-ratio nanoimprint techniques (2016)

Abstract In this paper, we report on the construction of a free-standing metal–insulator–metal (MIM) subwavelength grating by nanoimprint and lift-off techniques, which can be used as a plasmonic color filter for imaging a multicolor spectrum. The free-standing subwavelength grating was designed to be composed of Al (50 nm)–SiO 2 (150 nm)–Al (50 nm) layers, and the thickness of the SiO 2 layer determined the wavelength selectivity for the color filter. The residual-free nanoimprint with an aspect ratio of was applied in the lift-off process to the formation of MIM gratings. We successfully developed subwavelength MIM gratings with heights of more than 200 nm. We also demonstrated the fabrication of a free-standing MIM grating without lateral stiction, which was expected to improve the wavelength selectivity of a free-standing plasmonic color filter.