gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gas Sensors Installation in Industrial Environment for Detecting Toxic Styrene Vapors (1994)

Abstract For the detection of the accidental leaks of toxic styrene vapors that occurred in polymer and plastics related industries, a simulation of the styrene vapors distribution and a smart sensor's network are proposed. To design a reliable system for the real time detection of the styrene vapors and to avoid a long time exposition of the workers, an optimal localization of the styrene sensors in the plant and the signal processing are studied. First, the dispersion of the styrene vapors versus the time and the environmental parameters such as gas velocity, pressure and wind direction, is examined. Then, the network protocols, such as signal processing of gas concentration provided by of each sensor, which will allow the multi-detection of the styrene vapors, is discussed by using the queuing theory. The Poisson's distribution signals would permit the calculation of the number of sensors or the estimate of the latency of the stations. To prevent danger and to increase workers' security in the plant, this new method can be used to control organic vapors' concentrations in the air.
Highly Durable Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Prevention of Chemical Inter-Diffusion By Introducing a 4-Layered Structure (2022)

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) poses great potential for stationary power generation. Nevertheless, its full-scale commercialization has lagged due to the inadequacy of long-term durability. Along with diverse background of performance deterioration, the inter-diffusion between the cathode and electrolyte have been identified as a leading fatal factor. Herein, we introduced a robust GDC layer by sequential lamination approach that completely suppresses the detrimental phase of SrZrO 3 at electrolyte interface during high temperature operation. This buffer layer is fabricated via green film sequential lamination, in which the anode support, anode functional layer, electrolyte and GDC layers were sequentially co-laminated by iso-static pressing and co-sintered at 1300-1400°C. The enhanced interfacial connectivity and desired packing density of electrolyte and buffer layer were attained by controlling the shrinkages behaviors of each component. Thus, the formation of detrimental secondary phases (SrZrO 3 ) at interface of electrolyte and decomposition of cathode are successfully restrained during fabrication and operation at critical current density. The scale-able and mass production are also confirmed through the fabrication of large area cells (144cm 2 ) having active area 100cm 2 . The sequentially co-laminated GDC layer exhibited extreme low degradation rate of 0.2%/khr, which fulfils the critical longevity benchmark for commercialization of technology. This work features a cost-effective, scalable, and reproducible method for larger scale production of robust multi-layer anode supported SOFC. Keywords: Durability, Sequential lamination, life expectancy, Detrimental phases, iso-static pressing
Introduction to the Special Issue on the 2013 Symposium on VLSI Circuits (2014)

The 23 papers in this special issue were originally presented at the 2013 Symposium on VLSI Circuits, held in Kyoto, Japan, on June 12-14, 2013.
Immunogenicity and efficacy of Schmallenberg virus envelope glycoprotein subunit vaccines (2019)

The Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is an orthobunyavirus that causes abortions, stillbirths, and congenital defects in pregnant sheep and cattle. Inactivated or live attenuated vaccines have been developed in endemic countries, but there is still interest in the development of SBV vaccines that would allow Differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals (DIVA). Therefore, an attempt was made to develop novel DIVA-compatible SBV vaccines using SBV glycoproteins expressed in baculovirus. All vaccines and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) controls were prepared with adjuvant and administered subcutaneously to cattle at 6 month of age. The first trial included 2 groups of animals vaccinated with either carboxyl-terminus glycoprotein (Gc) or PBS and boosted after 2 weeks. In the second trial, 3 groups of cattle were administered either Gc, Gc and amino-terminus glycoprotein (Gn), or PBS with a booster vaccination after 3 weeks. The animals were challenged with SBV 9 days after the booster vaccination in the first study, and 3 weeks after the booster vaccination in the second study. Using a SBV Gc-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, antibodies were first detected in serum samples 14 days after the first vaccination in both trials, and peaked on days 7 and 9 after the booster in the first and second trials, respectively. Low titers of neutralizing antibodies were detected in serum from only 3/6 and 2/4 animals in the first and second trial, respectively, at 14 days after the first vaccination. The titers increased 2 to 3-fold after the booster vaccination. SBV-specific RNA was detected in the serum and selective tissues in all animals after SBV challenge independent of vaccination status. The SBV candidate vaccines neither prevented viremia nor conferred protection against SBV infection.
Performance Improvement of Block Error Probabilities of FS MC-CDMA System Using BCH Coding Scheme in Slow Multi-path Fading Channels (2007)

In this paper, we propose a new scheme for efficient integrated service and route discovery in mobile ad hoc networks. We propose a Bloom filter based (BF) scheme. We extend the Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) in order to encapsulate service information in its routing messages. Thus, a node requesting a service in addition to discovering that service, it is simultaneously informed of the route to the service provider. The service information piggybacked to the routing message is represented as a bit vector called Bloom Filter which represents a decentralized space-efficient discovery method. Instead of broadcasting full information about the type and location of service information, nodes send Bloom filters in the NDP messages of the ZRP protocol which contain service type information for all the reachable nodes up to a certain number of hops away. Our proposal not only saves both the restrictive resources of the wireless devices such as computational power and energy but also improves the overall protocol performance.
Acoustic Impedance Flowmeter (1990)

The acoustic resistance (real part of the acoustic impedance) of an orifice increases in proportion to the mass velocity of the flow which grazes the orifice. The mechanism causing the flow dependence of orifice acoustic resistance-acoustic energy stored in the vicinity of an orifice is blown away by flow-is illustrated by a simple model of the flow above an orifice. A dimensional analysis was applied to this model and it has been found that five nondimensional parameters characterize the process.On reference to these theoretical investigations a trial acoustic impedance flowmeter has been built. Two orifices are drilled in the wall of an acoustic tube shaped like a “Pitot-static tube”. This acoustic tube is placed in such a position that the orifices are exposed to grazing flow, and is driven by a sound source at a constant velocity amplitude. The tube sound pressure at the orifices is picked up by a microphone. Phase-sensitive detector being employed, the output of the microphone is converted to a DC voltage, which is proportional to the orifice acoustic resistance and is the measure of the mass flow rate. Several measurements have been performed for air flow. And the mass flow rates measured with this flowmeter were in good agreement with the ones otherwise determined.
A Conceptual Framework to Design Connected Mental Health Solutions in the United Arab Emirates: Questionnaire Study (2022)

CMH has the potential to help overcome many mental care barriers in the United Arab Emirates in particular and in the Arab world in general. CMH adoption in the United Arab Emirates has a potential for success. However, many factors should be taken into account, mainly cultural, religious, and linguistic aspects.
Using active database techniques for real time engineering applications (2002)

An active database model for representing engineering design, simulation and monitoring applications is described. The physical aspects of these applications are modeled by structural objects. The functions of the application are modeled by functional objects. The interaction between structures and functions is modeled by interaction objects. Events relate structures and functions such that any state change will cause the functional model to compute the new consistent state of the application. Ways to model event correlation, event recall, and ways to define schemas for continuous systems are presented. A parallel computing architecture and a set of guidelines on task distributing that make the model applicable to real-time application are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Automatic Assessment of Speech Intelligibility for Individuals With Aphasia (2016)

Traditional in-person therapy may be difficult to access for individuals with aphasia due to the shortage of speech-language pathologists and high treatment cost. Computerized exercises offer a promising low-cost and constantly accessible supplement to in-person therapy. Unfortunately, the lack of feedback for verbal expression in existing programs hinders the applicability and effectiveness of this form of treatment. A prerequisite for producing meaningful feedback is speech intelligibility assessment. In this work, we investigate the feasibility of an automated system to assess three aspects of aphasic speech intelligibility: clarity, fluidity, and prosody. We introduce our aphasic speech corpus, which contains speech-based interaction between individuals with aphasia and a tablet-based application designed for therapeutic purposes. We present our method for eliciting reliable ground-truth labels for speech intelligibility based on the perceptual judgment of nonexpert human evaluators. We describe and analyze our feature set engineered for capturing pronunciation, rhythm, and intonation. We investigate the classification performance of our system under two conditions, one using human-labeled transcripts to drive feature extraction, and another using transcripts generated automatically. We show that some aspects of aphasic speech intelligibility can be estimated at human-level performance. Our results demonstrate the potential for the computerized treatment of aphasia and lay the groundwork for bridging the gap between human and automatic intelligibility assessment.
An Enzymatic Microplate Assay for Testing P-Glycoprotein Substrates and Inhibitors (2004)

P-Glycoprotein (P-gp) is a multidrug transporter responsible for resistance to anticancer chemotherapy and physiologically involved in absorption, distribution, and excretion of a large number of hydrophobic xenobiotics. P-gp exhibits both an adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity correlated with its drug transport function and a basal ATPase activity in the absence of any drug. The authors have developed an enzymatic test based on modulation of these ATPase activities, which makes it possible to detect specific interactions between drugs and P-gp. They took into account the existence of multiple binding sites on P-gp to finalize an optimized strategy that involves the assay of the P-gp ATPase stimulated by three reference substrates (verapamil, vinblastine, and progesterone) in addition to its basal ATPase activity. This assay uses a coupled enzyme system with spectrophotometric detection for measurement on P-gp-containing native membrane vesicles. This assay may be performed on 96- or 384-well microplates and is therefore suitable for high-throughput screenings.
Accent analysis for Mandarin large vocabulary continuous speech recognition (2008)

@furui.cs.titech.ac.jpAbstract This paper presents our work on accent issues in Mandarin large vocabulary continuous speech recog-nition. Across a vast region and a huge population, there are varieties of accented Mandarin spoken in China,which are mainly caused by speakers’ dialects. What we want to address in this paper are two questions aboutMandarin: whether accents aﬀect speech recognition greatly; how we can solve the problem. For the ﬁrst question,we focus on three types of mispronunciations as the dominant problems of accented Mandarin. We analyze theireﬀects on speech recognition for each speaker. For the second question, we perform maximum likelihood linearregression(MLLR) adaptation for each speaker and then analyze the recognition results. Experimental results showthat up to 45% of the accent related errors get corrected for accented speakers and there is no such improvementfor standard speakers. Our experimental analysis and results support us to conclude that the accent is a seriousproblem in Mandarin speech recognition and the MLLR adaptation is eﬀective in reducing the mismatch caused byaccents.Key words Analysis of Mandarin accents, large vocabulary continuous speech recognition, accent adaptation
Chronological development avenues in biotechnology across the world (2011)

The Drug Development and Therapeutics (DDT) is an open access peer-reviewed journal committed to publishing high-quality articles in the field of Drug synthesis and development and Therapeutics from industry, Clinicians and Academia.
Translational Research Working Group Developmental Pathway for Immune Response Modifiers (2008)

The Translational Research Working Group (TRWG) was created as a national initiative to evaluate the current status of the investment of National Cancer Institute in translational research and envision its future. The Translational Research Working Group conceptualized translational research as a set of six developmental processes or pathways focused on various clinical goals. One of those pathways describes the development of immune response modifiers such as vaccines and cytokines. A hallmark of the Immune Response Modifier Developmental Pathway is the coordinated development of multiple components. The Immune Response Modifier Pathway was conceived not as a comprehensive description of the corresponding real-world processes but rather as a tool designed to facilitate movement of a candidate assay through the translational process to the point where it can be handed off for definitive clinical testing. This paper discusses key challenges associated with the immune response modifier agent development process in light of the pathway.
Supplementary Table 2 from Cellular and Genetic Determinants of the Sensitivity of Cancer to α-Particle Irradiation (2023)

&lt;p&gt;ssGSEA and survival after irradiation.&lt;/p&gt;
Does the influenza vaccine prevent sequelae such as myocarditis from developing? (2015)

Vaccination continues to be a valuable and simple procedure to guard patients from an illness that may prevent them from completing their normal everyday tasks, missing days of work, and even lead to unnecessary sequelae. The following case describes one of the many complications that are seen on a regular basis in any community hospital in different regions of the world. The objective of this publication is to remind the public and practitioner of the urgency to vaccinate each season; thereby, curbing the virus's ability to mutate and preventing unwanted consequences such as bacterial super infection or myocarditis.
Gramáticas y Ortografías Españolas Preacadémicas en el Siglo xviii (1997)

Summary Studies on the history of Spanish grammar generally pay less attention to the period that follows the works of Gonzalo Correas and ends with the publication of the grammar of the Spanish Royal Academy (i.e., 1640–1770) than to both what precedes and what follows this period. Focusing specifically on the 18th century, the importance of the publication of the first grammar of the Royal Academy (1771) diminished interest in authors who published works on grammar during the preceding seven decades. That part of the 18th century that, from a grammatical perspective, may be called ‘preacademic’, is usually considered uninteresting, particularly when compared with the grammatical achievements of the 16th and 17th centuries. The most important Spanish grammarian of this period, Benito de San Pedro (1723–1801), stands out for anticipating the adoption of rationalist positions taken from French grammatical studies; his work of 1769 is in contrast with that of Benito Martinez Gayoso (c.1710–1787) of 1743, which represents a less interesting traditional approach to grammar. In this article these two opposing approaches are studied; they parallel better studied contrasts among other Spanish grammarians. It also presents the circumstances that allow for the establishment of a relationship between the publication of the treatises of Martinez Gayoso and San Pedro. It shows that some of the innovations attributed to Benito de San Pedro, such as the classification of the so-called indefinite articles, was discussed earlier, and in a clearer manner, by Martinez Gayoso. However, it is in a more modest and later pre-academic grammar, that of Salvador Puig (1719–1793) of 1770, where one finds the best and the most exhaustive treatment of the subject. This is only one of many interesting proposals of solutions to grammatical problems that one finds in the works of this period, including differences in approaches to orthography, before and even after the publication of the grammar and the orthography of the Royal Academy.
Recent Advances in the Mass Spectrometry Methods for Glycomics and Cancer (2017)

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Connectivity of DC microgrids involving sustainable energy sources (2011)

In this paper, a proposed configuration for connection of different DC microgrids has been presented. The DC system under study is assumed mainly dependent on renewable energy sources. The proposed topology utilizes a controlled series current compensator (CSCC) technique for connection and power flow control among buses. The proposed topology allows full power flow control among different DC buses while keeping the voltage level constant at all of them. Hence, loads connected to these buses will not be affected with the power flow process. Moreover, connection of buses at different voltage level and controlling the power flow can be easily achieved using this topology. The proposed topology adds to the complexity of the system. However, several advantages can be obtained out of its utilization. Simulation results verified the applicability of the proposed topology. Moreover, a prototype system has been designed and built in hardware to examine the performance of the proposed system. The experimental results show the validity of the proposed system as a powerful technique to interconnect DC buses.
A comparative evaluation of several algorithms for phase aberration correction (1994)

A common framework is presented to classify several phase correction techniques. A subset of these techniques are evaluated through simulations which utilize 2-D phase aberration profiles measured in the breast. The techniques are compared based on their ability to reduce phase errors, stability, and sensitivity to noise and missing elements in the transducer array. Significant differences are observed in these measures of performance when the size and location of the aperture area used to generate a phase reference signal are varied. Techniques that utilize a small correction reference region are more susceptible to noise and missing elements than techniques which use larger reference regions. The algorithms encounter problems in 2-D phase correction when making the transition from one row to the next, due to the low interelement correlation at the transition points. It is shown that the magnitude of the interelement correlation is the key parameter governing phase correction performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Abnormal Thickening as well as Thinning of the Photoreceptor Layer in Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration (2013)

Reductions in the photoreceptor laminae overlying drusen were detectable and this is consistent with histological studies revealing neuronal degeneration in AMD. ONL thickening in some macular areas of AMD eyes has not been previously reported and may be an early phenotypic marker for photoreceptor stress, as it has been speculated to be in hereditary retinal degenerations.
Benz[f]isoquinoline analogs as high-affinity .sigma. ligands (1992)

This paper describes the synthesis of some conformationally restricted 4-phenylpiperidine analogues and their affinities for the guinea pig cerebellum sigma recognition site ([3H]-DTG) and the rat striatum dopamine D2 receptor ([3H]-(-)-sulpiride) in order to develop potent selective sigma ligands as tools in the investigation of this site in psychosis. It was found that both hexa- and octahydrobenz[f]isoquinolines with lipophilic N-substituents had high affinities for the sigma site. Notably, trans-3-cyclohexyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,10b-octahydrobenz[f]isoquinoline (26) had an affinity of 0.25 nM making it the highest affinity sigma ligand reported to date. Moreover, it is at least 10,000-fold selective over the D2 receptor and could prove to be a valuable tool in the study of sigma sites. Other analogues such as 1H-indeno[2,1-c]pyridines and 1H-benzo[3,4]cyclohepta[1,2-c]pyridines also displayed high sigma site affinity.
Comprehensive Characterization of Cerebrovascular Dysfunction in Blast Traumatic Brain Injury Using Photoacoustic Microscopy (2018)

Blast traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is a leading contributor to combat-related injuries and death. Although substantial emphasis has been placed on blast-induced neuronal and axonal injuries, co-existing dysfunctions in the cerebral vasculature, particularly the microvasculature, remain poorly understood. Here, we studied blast-induced cerebrovascular dysfunctions in a rat model of bTBI (blast overpressure: 187.8 ± 18.3 kPa). Using photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), we quantified changes in cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism-including blood perfusion, oxygenation, flow, oxygen extraction fraction, and the metabolic rate of oxygen-4 h post-injury. Moreover, we assessed the effect of blast exposure on cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) to vasodilatory stimulation. With vessel segmentation, we extracted these changes at the single-vessel level, revealing their dependence on vessel type (i.e., artery vs. vein) and diameter. We found that bTBI at this pressure level did not induce pronounced baseline changes in cerebrovascular diameter, blood perfusion, oxygenation, flow, oxygen extraction, and metabolism, except for a slight sO<sub>2</sub> increase in small veins (<45 μm) and blood flow increase in large veins (≥45 μm). In contrast, this blast exposure almost abolished CVR, including arterial dilation, flow upregulation, and venous sO<sub>2</sub> increase. This study is the most comprehensive assessment of cerebrovascular structure and physiology in response to blast exposure to date. The observed impairment in CVR can potentially cause cognitive decline due to the mismatch between cognitive metabolic demands and vessel's ability to dynamically respond to meet the demands. Also, the impaired CVR can lead to increased vulnerability of the brain to metabolic insults, including hypoxia and ischemia.