gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influenza Virus Protein PB1-F2 Inhibits the Induction of Type I Interferon by Binding to MAVS and Decreasing Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (2012)

PB1-F2 is a small, 87- to 90-amino-acid-long protein encoded by the +1 alternate open reading frame of the PB1 gene of most influenza A virus strains. It has been shown to contribute to viral pathogenicity in a host- and strain-dependent manner, and we have previously discovered that a serine at position 66 (66S) in the PB1-F2 protein increases virulence of the 1918 and H5N1 pandemic viruses. Recently, we have shown that PB1-F2 inhibits the induction of type I interferon (IFN) at the level of the MAVS adaptor protein. However, the molecular mechanism for the IFN antagonist function of PB1-F2 has remained unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that the C-terminal portion of the PB1-F2 protein binds to MAVS in a region that contains the transmembrane domain. Strikingly, PB1-F2 66S was observed to bind to MAVS more efficiently than PB1-F2 66N. We also tested the effect of PB1-F2 on the IFN antagonist functions of the polymerase proteins PB1, PB2, and PA and observed enhanced IFN inhibition by the PB1 and PB2 proteins in combination with PB1-F2 but not by the PA protein. Using a flow cytometry-based assay, we demonstrate that the PB1-F2 protein inhibits MAVS-mediated IFN synthesis by decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Interestingly, PB1-F2 66S affected the MMP more efficiently than wild-type PB1-F2. In summary, the results of our study identify the molecular mechanism by which the influenza virus PB1-F2 N66S protein increases virulence.
Frequency dependent behavior of a high performance dynamic register file in 1.8 V, 0.25 μm SOI technology (2003)

Summary form only given. High performance register files are essential in fixed or floating point units of a high performance microprocessor. In this paper, the frequency dependent behavior of access time and pulse width of the dynamic register file and the circuit techniques to achieve robust operation in 1.8 V, 0.25 /spl mu/m partially depleted (PD) SOI technology are addressed.
Optimized Route Calculation Technology with Smart Building Platform (2021)

In this paper, we propose and show evaluation result of optimized route calculation technology for moving object in a building as one functionality of smart building platform. We measured calculation time of route search processing for moving object inside a building. The calculation time is 8.57 second for 10-floor building.
One-Step Synthesis of Substituted α-Pyrones from Cyclobutenediones and Lithiated<i>O</i>-Silyl Cyanohydrins (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTOne-Step Synthesis of Substituted α-Pyrones from Cyclobutenediones and Lithiated O-Silyl CyanohydrinsPamela Mingo, Shijie Zhang, and Lanny S. LiebeskindView Author Information Sanford S. Atwood Chemistry Center, Emory University, 1515 Pierce Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 6, 2145–2148Publication Date (Web):March 2, 1999Publication History Received16 November 1998Published online2 March 1999Published inissue 1 March 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo982271mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo982271mbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views599Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Cyclization,Phenyls,Precursors,Purification,Quinones Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: The Origin of High Enantioselectivity in the Dihydroxylation of Olefins Using Osmium Tetraoxide and Cinchona Alkaloid Catalysts. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Severe metabolic alterations in liver cancer lead to ERK pathway activation and drug resistance (2020)

A severely compromised metabolism lead to ERK pathway induction, and primes some HCC cells to pro-survival phenotypes upon ERK pathway blockade. Our findings offer novel insights for understanding, predicting and overcoming drug resistance in liver cancer patients. FUND: DFG, BMBF and Sino-German Cooperation Project.
Microtubule-Mediated Misregulation of Junctophilin-2 Underlies T-Tubule Disruptions and Calcium Mishandling in mdx Mice (2016)

Cardiac myocytes from the <i>mdx</i> mouse, the mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, exhibit t-tubule disarray and increased calcium sparks, but a unifying molecular mechanism has not been elucidated. Recently, improper trafficking of junctophilin-2 on an altered microtubule network caused t-tubule derangements and calcium mishandling in a pressure-overload heart failure model. <i>Mdx</i> cardiac myocytes have microtubule abnormalities, but how this may affect junctophilin-2, t-tubules, and calcium handling has not been established. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that an inverse relationship between microtubules and junctophilin-2 underlies t-tubule disruptions and calcium mishandling in <i>mdx</i> cardiac myocytes. Confocal microscopy revealed t-tubule disorganization in <i>mdx</i> cardiac myocytes. Quantitative Western blot analysis demonstrated junctophilin-2 was decreased by 75% and showed an inverse hyperbolic relationship with α- and β-tubulin, the individual components of microtubules, in <i>mdx</i> hearts. Colchicine-induced microtubule depolymerization normalized junctophilin-2 protein levels and localization, corrected t-tubule architecture, and reduced calcium sparks. In summary, these results suggest microtubule-mediated misregulation of junctophilin-2 causes t-tubule derangements and altered calcium handling in <i>mdx</i> cardiac myocytes.
Mechanical Behavior and High Formability of Palm Leaf Materials (2021)

The proliferation of single‐use plastics has stimulated interest in sustainable material substitutes with sufficient ductility and structural integrity. Herein, the mechanical behavior and high formability of the leaf sheath from a representative palm species— Areca catechu —and its immense potential for manufacturing of eco‐friendly food packaging are reported on. Using microstructural analyses, such as X‐ray micro‐computed tomography (μCT), electron microscopy, and optical profilometry, under different loading conditions, it is shown that this leaf can accommodate forming strains as large as 200%, similar to ductile metals. The sheath deformation response is highly sensitive to hydration, with up to 400% increase in forming strain. The embodied energy for leaf products is four to five orders smaller than for plastic or paper products. The results establish the microstructure basis for the high formability and the contours of a forming limit diagram that delineates product shapes that can be formed in a single step from this plant material.
OSA Surgical Options: How to Decide When to Do What? (2010)

Free accessAbstractFirst published online August 2010OSA Surgical Options: How to Decide When to Do What?Tod Huntley, MD, moderator, Ofer Jacobowitz, MD, PhD, […], Edward Weaver, MD, MPH, Eric Kezirian, MD, MPH, and B. Tucker Woodson, MD, +2 -2Volume 143, Issue 2_supplhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2010.06.643
On the Concept of Hemilability: Insights into a Donor-Functionalized Iridium(I) NHC Motif and Its Impact on Reactivity (2014)

Novel iridium(I) complexes bearing N-donor-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene ligands were synthesized. Although hemilabile coordination of the attached donor is considered beneficial in catalysis, no detailed study of this phenomenon in these systems is available to date. The present report provides insight into the hemilabile bonding properties of a N,N'-bis(pyridin-2-yl)-imidazolylidene (NCN) ligand motif on iridium(I). In most cases, the presented compounds exhibit rare fluxional hemilabile coordination of the N donor, and remarkable performance in catalytic transfer hydrogenation is observed. Further, extensive reactivity studies often led to unexpected products.
Development of an ELISA for Measurement of Urinary 3-Hydroxypropyl Mercapturic Acid (3-HPMA), the Marker of Stroke (2020)

We previously observed an inverse correlation between stroke and urinary 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (3-HPMA), an acrolein-glutathione metabolite, through its measurement by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). However, the cost of equipment for LC-MS/MS and its maintenance fee is very expensive and a cost-efficient method is required. In this study, we have developed a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system to measure 3-HPMA using a chicken antibody recognizing 3-HPMA-conjugated chicken albumin as antigen. Linearity to measure 3-HPMA was obtained from 0 to 10 μM, indicating that this ELISA system is useful for measurement of urine 3-HPMA. It was confirmed that 3-HPMA in urine of stroke patients decreased significantly compared with that of control subjects using the ELISA system. Using the ELISA kit, it became possible to evaluate the risk of brain stroke by not only plasma but also by urine. These results confirm that shortage of glutathione to detoxify acrolein is one of the major causes of stroke incidence. Our method contributes to maintenance of quality of life (QOL) of the elderly.
Evaluation of Pentoxifylline in the Prevention of Haze after Photorefractive Keratectomy in the Rabbit (1998)

Pentoxifylline did not seem to affect haze formation in a PRK rabbit model. As no signs of toxicity were observed, further studies might examine higher concentrations or dose frequencies.
Growth and Yield of Barley Isopopulations Differing in Solute Potential<sup>1</sup> (1987)

The active accumulation of solutes by osmotically stressed plants is thought to be an adaptive response that increases the ability of drought‐ or salt‐stressed plants to maintain leaf water content, turgor, and possibly growth. In an earlier study we developed two barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) isopopulations differing in solute potential (ψ s ), and these isopopulations were characterized for their response to salt stress in the growth chamber. At each stress level tested, the low‐ψ s population had about 0.1 MPa lower ψ s . In the present study we used these isopopulations to test the effect of genetic differences in ψ s on growth in well‐watered and drought‐stressed conditions in the greenhouse and field. When grown in the greenhouse, the low ψ s population had a slower rate of leaf production and accumulated significantly less total aboveground dry matter by midanthesis than did the high‐ψ s population. This difference (up to 35%) was greatest in optimal environmental conditions (adequate water, high irradiance, warm temperatures) and decreased in less favorable environments. The growth differences were not associated with differences in partitioning of dry matter to the leaves or differences in water use efficiency. The growth disadvantage of the low‐ψ s population was also observed for grain yield (11–44%) and total aboveground biomass production (10–25%) under dryland and irrigated conditions in multisite field trials. Thus the development of a barley isopopulation with constitutively lower ψ s resulted in a reduction in yield potential.
Investigating age, hearing loss, and background noise effects on speaker-targeted head and eye movements in three-way conversations (2021)

Although beamforming algorithms for hearing aids can enhance performance, the wearer's head may not always face the target talker, potentially limiting real-world benefits. This study aimed to determine the extent to which eye tracking improves the accuracy of locating the current talker in three-way conversations and to test the hypothesis that eye movements become more likely to track the target talker with increasing background noise levels, particularly in older and/or hearing-impaired listeners. Conversations between a participant and two confederates were held around a small table in quiet and with background noise levels of 50, 60, and 70 dB sound pressure level, while the participant's eye and head movements were recorded. Ten young normal-hearing listeners were tested, along with ten older normal-hearing listeners and eight hearing-impaired listeners. Head movements generally undershot the talker's position by 10°-15°, but head and eye movements together predicted the talker's position well. Contrary to our original hypothesis, no major differences in listening behavior were observed between the groups or between noise levels, although the hearing-impaired listeners tended to spend less time looking at the current talker than the other groups, especially at the highest noise level.
Fuel cell thermal management with thermoelectric coolers (2005)

Thermoelectric coolers are utilized along the periphery of a bipolar plate in a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell to cool the adjacent membrane exchange assemblies (MEA) where the majority of the waste heat is generated. These solid-state microcoolers (MIC) can be built in many configurations for unusual applications where parasitic thermal energy management is required. A fuel cell application is ideal with the cell powering the MICs. A thermal model is developed to use the bipolar plate as the cold junction plate of the MICs. The heat generated in the cell membrane is modelled as a uniform flux on the bipolar plate's surface, which is manifested as a generation term in the heat conduction equation. Therefore the temperature field can be modelled in the bipolar plate, predicting the MIC's cooling effect on it and in adjacent MEAs, and provide the temperature distribution throughout the selected design of the plate. Thus the temperature field in the MEA region, as well as the temperature gradient in the fuel cell, can be predicted. Minichanneling is used in the design of the bipolar plate gas flow channels to take advantage of the high heat transfer coefficients that take place. The model shows that the MICs' improved heat management of the fuel cell maintains the cell stack operating temperature between 45/spl deg/C and 60/spl deg/C, an acceptable range that precludes the need for any internal liquid cooling or external humidification of feed gases.
Study of Ce–Cu mixed oxide catalysts by <i>in situ</i> electrical conductivity measurements (2017)

Three Ce-Cu mixed oxides, namely Ce<sub>0.95</sub>Cu<sub>0.05</sub>, Ce<sub>0.6</sub>Cu<sub>0.4</sub> and Ce<sub>0.15</sub>Cu<sub>0.85</sub>, along with pure CeO<sub>2</sub> and CuO were characterized by in situ electrical conductivity measurements. Their electrical conductivity was studied as a function of temperature and oxygen partial pressure, and was followed with time during successive exposure to air, nitrogen and different gaseous mixtures containing propane as a VOC model molecule, under conditions close to those of their catalytic applications. CeO<sub>2</sub> and CuO appeared to be n-type and p-type semiconductors, respectively, while the semiconducting behavior of the Ce-Cu mixed oxides depended on the oxide composition. The semiconductive and redox properties of the samples were correlated with their catalytic behavior in CO oxidation, ethene total oxidation and soot combustion.
Dynamics and mechanisms of permethrin resistance in a field population of the horn fly, <i>Haematobia irritans irritans</i> (2009)

Abstract A study was conducted at the Pressler ranch, near Kerrville, Texas, USA between 2002 and 2006 to determine the dynamics and mechanisms of resistance to permethrin in a field population of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans (L.). Changes of resistance to pyrethroid insecticide associated with use of a pour‐on formulation of cyfluthrin in 2002 and use of diazinon ear tags in subsequent years were studied using a filter paper bioassay technique and a polymerase chain reaction assay that detects two sodium channel mutations, kdr and super‐kdr resistance alleles. A maximum of 294‐fold resistance to permethrin was observed in the summer of 2002. A significant decrease in the resistance level was observed in spring 2003, and resistance continued to decline after animals were treated with diazinon ear tags. In response to pyrethroid treatments, the allelic kdr and super‐kdr frequency increased from 56.3% to 93.8% and from 7.5% to 43.8%, respectively in 2002, and decreased significantly in 2003 when the pyrethroid insecticide was no longer used to treat animals. Females were found to have a higher allelic super‐kdr frequency than males in 2002, while no difference was detected between males and females in the allelic kdr frequency. There was a significant positive correlation between frequencies of the sodium channel mutations and levels of permethrin resistance, suggesting that the sodium channel mutations, kdr and super‐kdr , are the major mechanisms of resistance to pyrethroids in this horn fly population. Results of synergist bioassays also indicated possible contributions of two metabolic detoxification mechanisms, the mixed function oxidases (MFO) and glutathione S‐transferases (GST). Compared to a horn fly infestation of an untreated herd, treatments with the pyrethroid pour‐on formulation failed to control horn flies at the Pressler ranch in 2002. Sustained control of horn flies was achieved with the use of diazinon ear tags in 2003 and subsequent years.
The l/sub 2/ anti-windup problem for discrete-time linear systems: definition and solutions (2004)

The anti-windup problem for discrete-time linear systems is formalized in terms of the l/sub 2/ norm of the deviation of the actual response of the system with saturation and anti-windup compensation from the (ideal) unconstrained response. We show that, paralleling continuous-time results, the problem is globally solvable if and only if the plant is non exponentially unstable and it is robustly globally solvable if and only if the plant is exponentially stable. We provide a constructive solution whenever the problem is solvable. Also offered is a high-performance global solution for exponentially stable plants based on receding horizon control. Illustrative simulations are included.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiomerically Pure Building Blocks from Sugars. Part 11. Diels‐Alder Reactions of Pyranoid Enolone Esters with Cyclopentadiene Under Thermal, Lewis Acid Catalysis, and High‐Pressure Conditions. (1990)

Abstract Diels‐Alder reaction of the dihydropyranones (I) with the cyclopentadiene (II) forms the cycloadducts (III) ‐ (VI).
Non-interventional post-marketing safety study on the long-term safety of HyQvia (global) (2018)

Background: We describe the design of a non-interventional, prospective, uncontrolled, multicenter, open-label, post-marketing surveillance study to be conducted in the US and other countries where recombinant human hyaluronidase (rHuPH20)-facilitated subcutaneous infusion of immunoglobulin G (fSCIG; HyQvia) is licensed. Objective: To obtain additional safety and tolerability data in patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases. Methods: A target of 250 adults who were prescribed/initiated fSCIG will be recruited over 3-years. Treatment regimens/schedules will be at physician discretion. All patients will enroll in period 1 (~1-year duration). Patients who test positive for rHuPH20 antibodies (titer ≥ 1:160) during period 1 or were positive pre-enrollment will continue to period 2 (2-year duration). Overall study duration will be ~6 years. There will be no required predefined visits, medical/laboratory tests, and procedures beyond the treatment centers’ standard clinical practice, except rHuPH20 antibody assessment. All assessments will be performed during routine clinical visits. Results: Documented data will include safety (including binding/neutralizing rHuPH20 antibody titers), health-related quality of life, and health resource use. Conclusions: Additional data on fSCIG long-term safety will be acquired and prescribed treatment regimens and administration in routine clinical practice assessed.
Testing the Impact of Instrumentation Location and Reliability on Ecological Interface Design: Control Performance (2000)

Recent research has shown that an ecological interface for a simulated pasteurization plant leads to most effective failure diagnosis performance only if the interface is supported by an adequate set of sensors. In this investigation we examine the effect of interface on control performance, focusing especially on between-subjects variability in control actions taken and state variable values. Results provide some support for the idea that when the interface is supported by an adequate set of sensors, an ecological interface produces less between-subjects variability in the values of higher-order state variables, but more between-subjects variability in the number of control actions taken. We interpret these findings to indicate that when goals and higher-order properties of a system are revealed through effective interface design, the degrees of freedom for action at lower levels are more fully exploited, which is all the better to achieve the higher-order purposes of control.
Evolutionary History of the Global Emergence of the Escherichia coli Epidemic Clone ST131 (2016)

Escherichia coli, perennially a major bacterial pathogen, is becoming increasingly difficult to manage due to emerging resistance to all preferred antimicrobials. Resistance is concentrated within specificE. colilineages, such as sequence type 131 (ST131). Clarification of the genetic basis for clonally associated resistance is key to devising intervention strategies. We used high-resolution genomic analysis of a large global collection of ST131 isolates to define the evolutionary history of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production in ST131. We documented diverse contributory genetic processes, including stable chromosomal integrations of resistance genes, persistence and evolution of mobile resistance elements within sublineages, and sporadic acquisition of different resistance elements. Both global distribution and regional segregation were evident. The diversity of resistance element acquisition and propagation within ST131 indicates a need for control and surveillance strategies that target both bacterial strains and mobile genetic elements.