gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MINIMUM MASS POLYMER SEAWATER HEAT EXCHANGER FOR LNG APPLICATIONS (2009)

The present study explores the thermofluid characteristics of a corrosion-resistant, thermally-enhanced polymer composite, seawater-methane heat exchanger module for use in the liquefaction of natural gas on offshore platforms. A 1 m2 finned-plate heat exchanger geometry with a height of 1 cm is used. In an industrial setting, several such modules would be stacked together to provide sufficient heat exchange capacity. Attention is focused on attaining the minimum mass design to achieve the optimum heat transfer rates for a range of pumping powers. An array-based least material relation is used to minimize the fin mass required. Several metrics, including the heat transfer rate, the mass-specific heat transfer rate, and the total Coefficient of Performance (COPT), are used to compare the thermal performance of polymer composites having a range of thermal conductivities with that of corrosion resistant metals. The operating conditions considered are typical of the natural gas liquefaction industry in the Persian Gulf, namely hot gas at 90°C cooled by 35°C seawater. In addition, the gas flow rate is varied from 0.01 to 0.1 m3/s, while the coolant velocity is held constant at 1m/s. For the design and operating conditions examined, a 10 W/m-K polymer composite is found to provide nearly identical heat transfer rate to that of a corrosion-resistant titanium heat exchanger. Furthermore, at 200 W pumping power, the polymer composite provides 3.2 kW/kg of mass-specific thermal performance, which is almost 50% higher than for titanium. Polymer composites also show COPT values approximately twice that of a least-material titanium heat exchanger. The results contribute to establish the viability of using polymer composites for gas-liquid heat exchanger applications involving seawater and other corrosive fluids.
Morbidität der Parotidektomie bei gutartigen Parotistumoren mit und ohne Redondrainage: Zwischenanalyse einer prospektiven internationalen randomisierten multizentrischen REDON Studie (2022)

Einleitung Ziel dieser prospektiven randomisierten multizentrischen Studie (DRKS00017046) ist es zu prüfen, ob durch eine Redon-Einlage die Inzidenz der postoperativen Nachblutung nach einer Parotidektomie beeinflusst wird. Wir zeigen die Ergebnisse einer Interimsanalyse der bis dato eingeschlossenen Probanden.
Effect of Ferrite Grain Boundary on Strain Aging Behavior in Nb-Bearing Ultra-Low-Carbon Steel Sheets (2012)

Effect of grain boundary on strain ageing behaviour of Nb-bearing ULC steel sheets has been studied at the aging temperature from 70 to 220°C, using 2% pre-strained specimens with different ferrite grain sizes of 9.5μm and 183μm. Two different hardening stages were exhibited in the fine-grain specimen, whereas only a single hardening stage was shown in the large-grain specimen. The increase in YP of the first hardening stage was around 30MPa; the activation energy of this stage was estimated to be from 83 to 86kJ/mol, which is close to that of body diffusion of carbon atoms in α-Fe. The increase in YP of the second hardening stage reached 90MPa; the activation energy was 135kJ/mol, which is close to that of body diffusion of Fe atoms in grain boundary and precipitation of η-carbide. From TEM observations and nanoindentation analyses, it was inferred that the dominant mechanism could be dislocation pinning by carbon atoms for the first hardening stage, and grain boundary hardening or hardening around it for the second.
Processing range data for reverse engineering and virtual reality (2002)

Optical 3-D sensors are used as tools for reverse engineering and virtual reality to digitize the surface of real three-dimensional objects. We discuss an almost fully automatic method to generate a surface description based on a mesh of curved or flat triangles. The method includes mesh reduction, smoothing, and reconstruction of missing data. The generated meshes feature minimum curvature variations and are therefore especially suited for visualization and rapid prototyping.
Fluorescence staining of laryngeal neoplasms after topical application of 5-aminolevulinic acid: Preliminary results (1999)

According to these preliminary results, the presented method seems to be a promising adjunct diagnostic procedure for the early identification of malignant neoplasms in the larynx. The aim of further investigations is the assessment of sensitivity and specificity and an evaluation of fluorescence-guided laser resections of laryngeal cancer. Lasers Med. Surg. 25:414-420, 1999.
Temperature dependence of reliability characteristics for magnetic tunnel junctions with a thin MgO dielectric film (2016)

Temperature dependence of the reliability characteristics of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with a thin (∼1 nm thick) MgO dielectric film were investigated by numerical analyses based on the E-model, 1/E-model, and power-law voltage V-model, as well as by measuring time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) degradation. Although the tunneling process giving rise to TDDB is still under debate, the temperature dependence of TDDB was much weaker using the 1/E model than the E-model or power-law model. The TDDB data measured experimentally in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB MTJ devices also showed rather weak temperature dependence, in good agreement with the numerical results obtained from the 1/E-model considering the self-heating effect in MTJ devices. Moreover, we confirmed by interval voltage stress tests that some degradation in the MgO dielectric layer occurred. Based on our findings, we suggest that to characterize the reliability of MTJs, combined temperature measurements of TDDB and 1/E-model analyses taking the self-heating effect into account should be performed.
Production and antiproliferative activity of liposomes containing the antitumour drug chromomycin A<sub>3</sub> (1998)

In the present paper the production and characterization of liposomes are described as a specialized drug delivery system for chromomycin. Liposomes were prepared by the reverse phase evaporation technique followed by extrusion through polycarbonate filters; afterwards the vesicles were characterized in terms of dimensions, morphology and encapsulation efficacy. The aim of this work was to produce a drug delivery system able to reduce the toxicity problems related to the administration of this drug. The analysis of the in vitro antiproliferative activity on cultured human leukemic K562 cells demonstrated that ionic and neutral liposomes containing chromomycin are 1.5 and 7-fold more effective respectively as compared to the free drug. Based on these results and taking into account the increased solubility of the drug in this system, liposomes could represent a promising drug delivery system for use in the experimental therapy using chromomycin.
Design of a vertically stacked reconfigurable dipole antenna for a base station (2012)

Abstract A new design for a frequency reconfigurable antenna for a base station is presented with the use of a vertically stacked dipole structure and switches based on PIN diodes.The proposed antenna provides three frequency reconfigurations including Cellular (824–849 MHz), PCS, WCDMA, Wibro, WLAN (1700–2500 MHz), and WiMAX (3300–3600 MHz). Measured results on return losses, radiation patterns, and gains are provided, and these show good agreement with simulations. The proposed antenna in this article can be applied for the small base station or repeaters of future mobile wireless communications because of the small size and high‐gain features. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:964–967, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26688
Network Computing System Reference Manual (1990)

This reference manual assists programmers developing distributed software applications based on a network computing system that will be shared over a network or Internet. It provides examples written in C for Apollo workstations and other UNIX systems including Sun and DEC.
PART II: Mite and Insect Pests (2017)

Part II addresses mite and insect pests of cucurbit. Discussions of specific mites and insects generally address biology, damage, management, and references. The topics included in Part II are as follows: Mites / 160 Insects / 160 Beetles (Coleoptera) / 161 Cucumber Beetles / 161 Darkling Beetle / 163 Bugs (Homoptera and Heteroptera) / 164 Aphids / 164 Squash Bug / 167 Whiteflies / 168 Flies (Diptera) / 170 Leafminers / 170 Moths and Caterpillars (Lepidoptera) / 171 Pickleworm and Melonworm / 172 Squash Vine Borer / 173 Thrips (Thysanoptera) / 174 Minor Insect Pests / 176
Broad-band double-layered coplanar patch antennas with adjustable CPW feeding structure (2004)

In this paper, we have presented the double-layered coplanar patch antennas of enhanced impedance bandwidth and adjustable conductor-backed coplanar waveguide feed lines. The proposed structure retains the advantage of laying the coplanar patch and coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed line on the same surface, which makes direct integration with other devices easier. In addition, the substrate thickness of the radiating patch can be adjusted to achieve a wider impedance bandwidth while the dimensions of the CPW feed line are kept unchanged. Simulation has been done by using commercial electromagnetic (EM) simulation software. Four testing antennas, which have centre frequency at about 10 GHz, were designed. The four testing antennas had the same total thickness, but different thickness combinations. From the measured return loss, gain, and radiation patterns of the antennas, it was demonstrated that different thickness combinations do not affect the characteristics of the antennas seriously. Therefore, the dimensions of the CPW feed structure of the antennas can be adjusted individually and can be selected for different applications.
Isoprenoid biosynthesis via the methylerythritol phosphate pathway: the (<i>E</i>)‐4‐hydroxy‐3‐methylbut‐2‐enyl diphosphate reductase (LytB/IspH) from <i>Escherichia coli</i> is a [4Fe–4S] protein (2003)

The last enzyme (LytB) of the methylerythritol phosphate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis catalyzes the reduction of (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate into isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate. This enzyme possesses a dioxygen-sensitive [4Fe-4S] cluster. This prosthetic group was characterized in the Escherichia coli enzyme by UV/visible and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy after reconstitution of the purified protein. Enzymatic activity required the presence of a reducing system such as flavodoxin/flavodoxin reductase/reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate or the photoreduced deazaflavin radical.
Steroleosin, a sterol-binding dehydrogenase in seed oil bodies. [Erratum: Aug 2002, v. 129 (4), p. 1930.] (2002)

Besides abundant oleosin, three minor proteins, Sop 1, 2, and 3, are present in sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil bodies. The gene encoding Sop1, named caleosin for its calcium-binding capacity, has recently been cloned. In this study, Sop2 gene was obtained by immunoscreening, and it was subsequently confirmed by amino acid partial sequencing and immunological recognition of its overexpressed protein in Escherichia coli. Immunological cross recognition implies that Sop2 exists in seed oil bodies of diverse species. Along with oleosin and caleosin genes, Sop2 gene was transcribed in maturing seeds where oil bodies are actively assembled. Sequence analysis reveals that Sop2, tentatively named steroleosin, possesses a hydrophobic anchoring segment preceding a soluble domain homologous to sterol-binding dehydrogenases/reductases involved in signal transduction in diverse organisms. Three-dimensional structure of the soluble domain was predicted via homology modeling. The structure forms a seven-stranded parallel beta-sheet with the active site, S-(12X)-Y-(3X)-K, between an NADPH and a sterol-binding subdomain. Sterol-coupling dehydrogenase activity was demonstrated in the overexpressed soluble domain of steroleosin as well as in purified oil bodies. Southern hybridization suggests that one steroleosin gene and certain homologous genes may be present in the sesame genome. Comparably, eight hypothetical steroleosin-like proteins are present in the Arabidopsis genome with a conserved NADPH-binding subdomain, but a divergent sterol-binding subdomain. It is indicated that steroleosin-like proteins may represent a class of dehydrogenases/reductases that are involved in plant signal transduction regulated by various sterols.
A scientific workstation operator-interface for accelerator control (1987)

Research in human factors has demonstrated that use computers more efficiently and effectively if they have a highly visual interface to the machine. Today’s scientific worksralions provide sufficient power to implement such interfaces. By using there workstations, an operator interface for an accelerator con!4 system can be built which is powerful, flexible, and easy to learn. We discuss such B system currently being developed on a Sun-3 worlwtation. The system is designed as a set of building blocks which can be run independently or linked together. This toolbox approach gives the operator the ability to execute precisely those programs needed for the task at hand. Each program runs in a separate window and communicates with other running programs via a cmnm~n data base. When the aperalor makes a change in one window, the eflects are then shown in the other windows.
Additional file 4: Figure S3. of Predictive biomarkers for the efficacy of peptide vaccine treatment: based on the results of a phase II study on advanced pancreatic cancer (2017)

Frequency of CD4+ CD45RA- CD25high cells and CD11b + CD33+ cells. (a), (c) There were no differences in the percentages of CD4+ CD45RA- CD25high cells and CD11b + CD33+ cells in the 46 patients before and after treatment. (b), (e) Before and after treatment, there were no differences in the percentages of CD4+ CD45RA- CD25high cells and CD11b + CD33+ cells between the patients with a long survival (n = 6) and the patients with a short survival (n = 19) in the HLA-A*2402-matched group. (c), (f) Before and after treatment, there were no differences in the percentages of CD4+ CD45RA- CD25high cells and CD11b + CD33+ cells between the patients with a long survival (n = 6) and the patients with a short survival (n = 15) in the HLA-A*2402-unmatched group. (TIF 60 kb)
Stratigraphy, lithofacies and depositional environment of the Cowlitz Formation, T. 4 and 5N., R. 5W. Northwest Oregon (2000)

The Cowlitz Formation in southern Columbia and Clatsop counties, northwest Oregon was studied in order to prepare a geologic map of parts of this formation and to determine the character of its lithofacies and the environments of deposition.
Potassium Metal as Reliable Reference Electrodes of Nonaqueous Potassium Cells (2019)

Potassium metal electrochemical cells are widely utilized to examine potassium insertion materials for nonaqueous potassium-ion batteries. However, large polarization during K plating-stripping and unstable rest potential are found at the potassium electrodes, which leads to an underestimation of the electrochemical performance of insertion materials. In this study, the electrochemical behavior of K-metal electrodes is systematically investigated. Electrolyte salts, solvents, and additives influence the polarization of K metals. Although a highly concentrated electrolyte of 3.9 M KN(SO<sub>2</sub>F)<sub>2</sub>/1,2-dimethoxyethane realizes the smallest polarization of 25 mV among all the electrolytes investigated in this study, the polarization of K metals is still larger than those of Li and Na metals. The issue of inaccurate rest potential is solved by pretreating the K electrodes with a plating-stripping process, which is essential in evaluating the intrinsic electrode performance of potassium insertion materials.
Autoregressive Whitening Filter for Detection of Coronary Artery Disease Based on Phonocardiography (2019)

Background: Narrowing of the coronary arteries, which defines coronary artery disease (CAD), can be discovered through phonocardiography (PCG) analysis. Increased power of frequencies below 200 Hz in the diastole has been associated with CAD, and can be used to distinguish CAD from NonCAD patients. However, spectral roll off is steep (~40 dB/dec), and spectral leakage might mask the weak CAD-related signal.
Quorum-sensing control of matrix protein production drives fractal wrinkling and interfacial localization of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> pellicles (2022)

Abstract Bacterial cells at fluid interfaces can self-assemble into collective communities with stunning macroscopic morphologies. Within these soft, living materials, called pellicles, constituent cells gain group-level survival advantages including increased antibiotic resistance. However, the regulatory and structural components that drive pellicle self-patterning are not well defined. Here, using Vibrio cholerae as our model system, we report that two sets of matrix proteins and a key quorum-sensing regulator jointly orchestrate the sequential mechanical instabilities underlying pellicle morphogenesis, culminating in fractal patterning. A pair of matrix proteins, RbmC and Bap1, maintain pellicle localization at the interface and prevent self-peeling. A single matrix protein, RbmA, drives a morphogenesis program marked by a cascade of ever finer wrinkles with fractal scaling in wavelength. Artificial expression of rbmA restores fractal wrinkling to a Δ rbmA mutant and enables precise tuning of fractal dimensions. The quorum-sensing regulatory small RNAs Qrr1-4 first activate matrix synthesis to launch pellicle primary wrinkling and ridge instabilities. Subsequently, via a distinct mechanism, Qrr1-4 suppress fractal wrinkling to promote fine modulation of pellicle morphology. Our results connect cell-cell signaling and architectural components to morphogenic patterning and suggest that manipulation of quorum-sensing regulators or synthetic control of rbmA expression could underpin strategies to engineer soft biomaterial morphologies on demand.
Pattern and Feature Designed Growth of ZnO Nanowire Arrays for Vertical Devices (2005)

An approach is demonstrated for growing aligned ZnO nanowire/nanorod arrays following a predesigned pattern and feature with controlled site, shape, distribution, and orientation. The technique relies on an integration of atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanomachining with catalytically activated vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth. The pattern and growth locations are defined by the catalyst distribution created by AFM, and the orientation is determined by the epitaxial growth on a single-crystal substrate. The technique opens a variety of possibilities of using nanowire arrays as sensor arrays, piezoelectric antenna arrays, nanolasers, photonic band gap crystal, biosensors, and field emitters with controlled density, location, shape, and distribution according to a designed pattern and feature.
Identification of novel inhibitory metabolites and impact verification on growth and protein synthesis in mammalian cells (2021)

Mammalian cells consume large amount of nutrients during growth and production. However, endogenous metabolic inefficiencies often prevent cells to fully utilize nutrients to support growth and protein production. Instead, significant fraction of fed nutrients is diverted into extracellular accumulation of waste by-products and metabolites, further inhibiting proliferation and protein synthesis. In this study, an LC-MS/MS based metabolomics pipeline was used to screen Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) extracellular metabolites. Six out of eight identified inhibitory metabolites, caused by the inefficient cell metabolism, were not previously studied in CHO cells: aconitic acid, 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid, methylsuccinic acid, cytidine monophosphate, trigonelline, and n-acetyl putrescine. When supplemented back into a fed-batch culture, significant reduction in cellular growth was observed in the presence of each metabolite and all the identified metabolites were shown to impact the glycosylation of a model secreted antibody, with seven of these also reducing CHO cellular productivity (titer) and all eight inhibiting the formation of mono-galactosylated biantennary (G1F) and biantennary galactosylated (G2F) N-glycans. These inhibitory metabolites further impact the metabolism of cells, leading to a significant reduction in CHO cellular growth and specific productivity in fed-batch culture (maximum reductions of 27.2% and 40.6% respectively). In-depth pathway analysis revealed that these metabolites are produced when cells utilize major energy sources such as glucose and select amino acids (tryptophan, arginine, isoleucine, and leucine) for growth, maintenance, and protein production. Furthermore, these novel inhibitory metabolites were observed to accumulate in multiple CHO cell lines (CHO-K1 and CHO-GS) as well as HEK293 cell line. This study provides a robust and holistic methodology to incorporate global metabolomic analysis into cell culture studies for elucidation and structural verification of novel metabolites that participate in key metabolic pathways to growth, production, and post-translational modification in biopharmaceutical production.
<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene Copper(I) Chloride (2009)

[578743-87-0] C27H36ClCuN2 (MW 487.59) InChI = 1S/C27H36N2.ClH.Cu/c1-18(2)22-11-9-12-23(19(3)4)26(22)28-15-16-29(17-28)27-24(20(5)6)13-10-14-25(27)21(7)8;;/h9-16,18-21H,1-8H3;1H;/q;;+1/p-1 InChIKey = JPUFNIIPFXQOCB-UHFFFAOYSA-M (used for reduction of olefins and carbonyl groups, carbene transfer reactions, aziridination of olefins, and methylenation of aldehydes) Physical Data: mp > 300 °C. Solubility: acetone, CH2Cl2, partially soluble in toluene and DMSO, insoluble in water, pentane, hexane, and diethyl ether. Form Supplied in: white solid, crystal structure available.1 Preparative Methods: [(IPr)CuCl] is easily obtained by reaction of the 1,3-bis(2,6-di-i-propylphenyl) imidazolium chloride with fresh CuCl in the presence of sodium tert-butoxide in dry THF at room temperature under inert atmosphere. Filtration through a plug of Celite and evaporation of the solvent provides the complex in high yield as a white solid.1 Purification: recrystallization from CH2Cl2/hexanes. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: described as air and moisture stable. Nevertheless, the complex should be stored under an inert atmosphere.