gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temperature Response of Rotating Detonations using Thin-Filament Pyrometry (2020)

Rotating Detonation Engines (RDEs) have been investigated recently as potential pressure-gain combustion devices to replace deflagrative combustors within gas-turbine engines. The high power density associated with detonation also results in high temperatures, creating technical challenges for instrumenting the device to characterize the working fluid. While various techniques are currently used to measure the pressure within RDEs, survivable temperature measurement devices are still being investigated. Thin-Filament Pyrometry (TFP) is a temperature measurement technique that uses small ceramic filaments within a flowfield of interest. The technique can provide a quick response necessary for the short experimental tests of the RDE, high spatial resolution along the line of the filament, and ease of implementation. The TFP filaments were installed into a Radial RDE which was configured with guide vanes to turn the flow for a radial-inflow turbine downstream of the detonation. Commercially available filaments of 150 µm diameter made of ultrafine β-SiC were used during operation. A Phantom high-speed camera calibrated to a tungsten light bulb captured the temperature response of the filament to the rotating detonation waves. This study utilized TFP to measure the transient and spatial temperature response of the Radial RDE. TFP temperature values around 90%-98% of calculated post-combustion isentropically expanded temperatures based on Chapman-Jouguet ideal detonation temperatures were measured, with frequency responses between 1.6-5.6 kHz that matched the operating mode observed.
Validation of Merging Techniques for Cancer Microarray Data Sets (2009)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Contents (2013)

Abstract This paper presents a scientific contribution to the development of lightweight/high-performance Al–Li alloys suitable for semi-solid processing. Thermodynamic calculations identified the most promising compositions with focus on the solidus–liquidus interval, fraction of solid-versus-temperature and phase reactions. The synthesis of Al–Li precursor billets was performed by overpressure induction melting in controlled atmosphere. DTA and microstructure investigations on Al–Li specimens were carried out as well as thixocasting trials of demonstrator components. New rheocasting of Al–Li alloys was investigated to identify the potential of this alternative precursor material route. It is shown that specifically developed Al–Li alloys offer great potential for semi-solid manufacturing.
Nuclear factor‐kappa B: Glucocorticoid‐induced leucine zipper interface analogs suppress pathology in an Alzheimer's disease model (2018)

The antineuroinflammatory effects of GA suggest potential therapeutic application for Alzheimer's disease.
Dexamethasone (DXM)‐Coated Poly(lactic‐<i>co</i>‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) Microneedles as an Improved Drug Delivery System for Intracochlear Biodegradable Devices (Adv. Therap. 11/2021) (2021)

In article 2100155, Sylvia Daunert, Fred Telisch, and co-workers have demonstrated that biodegradable polymers such as poly[lactic-co-glycolic] acid can be successfully used to deliver dexamethasone, a corticostereoid, into the cochlea to combat hair cell death. The use of microneedles that are made of PLGA we can address the hinderances caused by the cochlear anatomy but also propose a new methodology that can be applied to other areas of the anatomy that requires sustained and uniform drug delivery.
Group IV Based Bi-Layer Tunneling Field Effect Transistor (2019)

We have proposed and demonstrated bi-layer tunneling FETs (TFETs) composed of group IV/oxide semiconductor type-II heterojunctions, where the group IV and oxide semiconductors work as source and channels, respectively, of TFETs. The simulation study has revealed that ZnO/Si or Ge TFETs can exhibit extremely-steep sub-threshold slope of ~ 1 mV/dec with Ion of ~100 μA/μm order. The operation of bi-layer ZnO(ZnSnO)/Ge(Si) TFETs has been experimentally demonstrated with a minimal sub-threshold slope of 71 mV/dec at room temperature.
Frequency and density of yeasts in the mouths of malnourished children (1989)

The prevalence and density of yeasts and Candida albicans on the buccal mucosa and dorsum of the tongue have been assessed in 106 children in Crossroads squatter camp, South Africa. They were divided into a malnourished and a control group on the basis of an age/weight chart. No differences were found in yeast prevalence and density in the two groups. However, malnourished children more frequently had a mucosal density of yeasts, and particularly C. albicans, exceeding the upper limit normally found in health, in the absence of clinical infection. Some evidence was found to suggest that yeast density might be influenced by sex as well as nutritional status.
Natural and Experimental SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Domestic and Wild Animals (2021)

SARS-CoV-2 is the etiological agent responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, which continues to spread with devastating effects on global health and socioeconomics. The susceptibility of domestic and wild animal species to infection is a critical facet of SARS-CoV-2 ecology, since reverse zoonotic spillover events resulting in SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks in animal populations could result in the establishment of new virus reservoirs. Adaptive mutations in the virus to new animal species could also complicate ongoing mitigation strategies to combat SARS-CoV-2. In addition, animal species susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection are essential as standardized preclinical models for the development and efficacy testing of vaccines and therapeutics. In this review, we summarize the current findings regarding the susceptibility of different domestic and wild animal species to experimental SARS-CoV-2 infection and provide detailed descriptions of the clinical disease and transmissibility in these animals. In addition, we outline the documented natural infections in animals that have occurred at the human-animal interface. A comprehensive understanding of animal susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial to inform public health, veterinary, and agricultural systems, and to guide environmental policies.
A New Approach To Seat Contour Design (2005)

Optimal control techniques have been applied to the problem of forming a seat contour. An algorithm has been developed for implementation on a closed loop active contour measurement device. The active device will consist of an array of positioning probes equipped with forcc sensors cor fccdback. With a patient seated on the array, the algorithm is designed to find a seat contour which optimally satisfies the given performance indcx. The performance index used for the algorithm presented is based on the magnitude of the force exertcd normal to the surface of the contour. A dctailed description of the algorithm is presented.
Eco-Friendly Disposable WS2 Paper Sensor for Sub-ppm NO2 Detection at Room Temperature (2022)

We developed inexpensive and disposable gas sensors with a low environmental footprint. This approach is based on a biodegradable substrate, paper, and features safe and nontoxic electronic materials. We show that abrasion-induced deposited WS<sub>2</sub> nanoplatelets on paper can be employed as a successful sensing layer to develop high-sensitivity and selective sensors, which operate even at room temperature. Its performance is investigated, at room temperature, against NO<sub>2</sub> exposure, finding that the electrical resistance of the device drops dramatically upon NO<sub>2</sub> adsorption, decreasing by ~42% (~31% half a year later) for 0.8 ppm concentration, and establishing a detection limit around~2 ppb (~3 ppb half a year later). The sensor is highly selective towards NO<sub>2</sub> gas with respect to the interferents NH<sub>3</sub> and CO, whose responses were only 1.8% (obtained for 30 ppm) and 1.5% (obtained for 8 ppm), respectively. Interestingly, an improved response of the developed sensor under humid conditions was observed (tested for 25% relative humidity at 23 °C). The high-performance, in conjunction with its small dimensions, low cost, operation at room temperature, and the possibility of using it as a portable system, makes this sensor a promising candidate for continuous monitoring of NO<sub>2</sub> on-site.
A selection system for identifying accessible sites in target RNAs (2001)

Although ribozymes offer tremendous potential for posttranscriptionally controlling expression of targeted genes, their utility is often limited by the accessibility of the targeted regions within the RNA transcripts. Here we describe a method that identifies RNA regions that are accessible to oligonucleotides. Based on this selection protocol, we show that construction of hammerhead ribozymes targeted to the identified regions results in catalytic activities that are consistently and substantially greater than those of ribozymes designed on the basis of computer modeling. Identification of accessible sites should also be widely applicable to design of antisense oligonucleotides and DNAzymes.
An interatomic potential model for molecular dynamics simulation of silicon etching by Br+-containing plasmas (2008)

An interatomic potential model for Si–Br systems has been developed for performing classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This model enables us to simulate atomic-scale reaction dynamics during Si etching processes by Br+-containing plasmas such as HBr and Br2 plasmas, which are frequently utilized in state-of-the-art techniques for the fabrication of semiconductor devices. Our potential form is based on the well-known Stillinger–Weber potential function, and the model parameters were systematically determined from a database of potential energies obtained from ab initio quantum-chemical calculations using GAUSSIAN03. For parameter fitting, we propose an improved linear scheme that does not require any complicated nonlinear fitting as that in previous studies [H. Ohta and S. Hamaguchi, J. Chem. Phys. 115, 6679 (2001)]. In this paper, we present the potential derivation and simulation results of bombardment of a Si(100) surface using a monoenergetic Br+ beam.
Identification of the DNA-binding site of the Rgg-like regulator LasX within the lactocin S promoter region (2005)

LasX regulates the transcription of the divergent operons lasXY and lasA-W, which specify the production of lactocin S in Lactobacillus sakei L45. Using histidine-tagged LasX, and a DNA fragment containing the complete intergenic lasA-lasX region, electrophoresis mobility-shift (EMSA) analyses were employed to demonstrate that LasX binds to the lasA-lasX intergenic DNA. Two direct heptanucleotide motifs directly upstream of P(lasA-W), and a third imperfect copy of this motif, overlapping the -10 element of P(lasA-W), were identified as possible LasX-binding sites. To assess the role of the direct repeats in the binding of LasX to the intergenic lasA-lasX region, binding experiments were performed using DNA probes with different combinations of the repeats, and with arbitrarily chosen repeat substitutions. The result of these experiments demonstrated that only the middle repeat was required for the binding of LasX to the las-promoter region. This observation correlated with the results of subsequent reporter-gene analyses, thereby weakening the hypothesis of the involvement of the direct repeats in LasX-mediated transcription regulation. By analysing the ability of LasX to bind successively shortened derivatives of the original intergenic fragment, a tentative 19 bp minimum LasX-binding site was identified.
Prevention and treatment of deep venous thrombosis in hip fracture patients (2010)

Objective To analyze factors influencing the incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and discuss the prevention and treatment of DVT in hip fracture patients. Methods The present study enrolled 531 patients who received surgery between June, 2008 to June, 2010 for hip fractures. They were 242 men with a mean age of 56. 2 years and 289 women with a mean age of 65.2 years. There were 336 femoral neck fractures, 183 femoral intertrochanteric fractures, and 12 femoral subtrochanteric fractures. The associations between DVT incidence and fracture type, plasma D-Dimer, sex, age and preoperative duration of immobilization were statistically analyzed. Inferior yens cava filters were used for patients who suffered DVT while surgery was performed. Results The total incidence of DVT was 10. 4% in this series. DVT occurred in 21 cases of femoral neck fracture, 34 cases of femoral intertrochanteric fracture and 0 case of femoral subtrochanteric fracture. All DVT events happened before surgery. DVT incidence had no significant associations with age or sex (P =0. 347 and 0. 376, respectively), but did with plasma D-Dimer, fracture type and preoperative duration of immobilization (P = 0. 002, 0. 017 and 0. 037, respectively). All the 55 DVT patients underwent a successful surgery. Conclusions The DVT incidence in hip fracture patients may have no significant associations with age or sex, but may do with plasma D-Dimer, fracture type and preoperative duration of immobilization. Inferior vena cava filters can ensure a successful internal fixation of the fracture and an uneventful postoperative rehabilitation.

Key words: 
Hip fractures;  Venous thrombosis;  Pulmonary embolism
2A1-D19 Motion Control of Passive Mobile Robot with Multiple Casters Based on Feasible Braking Force and Moment (2010)

We introduce a passive mobile robot called C-PRP (Caster type Passive Robot Porter). This mobile robot consists of multiple casters with servo brakes and a controller. C-PRP has passive dynamics with respect to the force applied by a human and controls its appropriate motion with the servo brakes. In this paper, we derive and analyze a feasible braking force/moment applied to the robot on the basis of the characteristics of the servo brakes. In addition, we propose a motion control algorithm for C-PRP based on the analysis of this feasible braking force/moment. This algorithm has a feature that it is independent of the number of casters. The proposed algorithm applies to 4-wheeled C-PRP actually, and experimental results illustrate the validity of the proposed algorithm.
Low False Alarm Ratio DDoS Detection for ms-scale Threat Mitigation (2018)

The dynamically changing landscape of DDoS threats increases the demand for advanced security solutions. The rise of massive IoT botnets enables attackers to mount high-intensity short-duration ”volatile ephemeral” attack waves in quick succession. Therefore the standard human-in-the-loop security center paradigm is becoming obsolete. To battle the new breed of volatile DDoS threats, the intrusion detection system (IDS) needs to improve markedly, at least in reaction times and in automated response (mitigation). Designing such an IDS is a daunting task as network operators are traditionally reluctant to act – at any speed – on potentially false alarms. The primary challenge of a low reaction time detection system is maintaining a consistently low false alarm rate. This paper aims to show how a practical FPGA-based DDoS detection and mitigation system can successfully address this. Besides verifying the model and algorithms with real traffic ”in the wild”, we validate the low false alarm ratio. Accordingly, we describe a methodology for determining the false alarm ratio for each involved threat type, then we categorize the causes of false detection, and provide our measurement results. As shown here, our methods can effectively mitigate the volatile ephemeral DDoS attacks, and accordingly are usable both in human out-of-loop and on-the-loop next-generation security solutions.
Acute and long‐term pituitary insufficiency in traumatic brain injury: a prospective single‐centre study (2007)

Long-term hypopituitarism was frequent only in severe TBI. During the 3-12 months follow-up, recovery but no new insufficiencies were recorded, indicating manifest hypothalamic or pituitary damage already a few months postinjury. Very early hormone alterations were not associated to long-term post-traumatic hypopituitarism. Clinicians should, nonetheless, be aware of potential ACTH deficiency in the early post-traumatic period.
Overproduction, crystallization and preliminary diffraction data of ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase from<i>Thermus thermophilus</i>HB8 (2003)

An ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase from Thermus thermophilus HB8 was overproduced in Escherichia coli and purified. Gel-filtration chromatography showed the protein to be in a dimeric state. This protein catalyses the Mg(2+)- or Zn(2+)-dependent hydrolysis of ADP-ribose to AMP and ribose-5'-phosphate. It was crystallized in the absence and the presence of ADP-ribose by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. Complete data sets were collected to 1.50 A resolution from the apo form using synchrotron radiation and to 2.0 A resolution from the complexed form. Both crystals belong to space group P3(1)21 or P3(2)21 and contain one molecule in the asymmetric unit.
Exploring sites on mitochondrial ATPase for catalysis, regulation, and inhibition (1975)

Evidence is presented that mitochondrial ATPase has two types of sites that bind adenine nucleotides. The catalytic site, C, binds the substrates ATP, GTP, or ITP and the inhibitor guanylyl imidodiphosphate (GMP-PNP). A second type of site, R, binds ATP, ADP, adenylyl imidodiphosphate (AMP-PNP), and the chromium complexes of ATP or ADP. All of these substances binding to the R site inhibit the hydrolysis of ATP in a competitive manner; their inhibition of hydrolysis of ITP and GTP is noncompetitive. GMP-PNP inhibits oxidative phosphorylation in submitochondrial particles but AMP-PNP does not. The localization on mitochondrial membranes of sites for the binding of various antibiotics that inhibit oxidative phosphorylation is discussed.
A 90-day dietary study with fibrillated cellulose in Sprague-Dawley rats (2020)

Novel forms of fibrillated cellulose offer improved attributes for use in foods. Conventional cellulose and many of its derivatives are already widely used as food additives and are authorized as safe for use in foods in many countries. However, novel forms have not yet been thoroughly investigated using standardized testing methods. This study assesses the 90-day dietary toxicity of fibrillated cellulose, as compared to a conventional cellulose, Solka Floc. Sprague Dawley rats were fed 2 %, 3 %, or 4 % fibrillated cellulose for 90 consecutive days, and parallel Solka Floc groups were used as controls. Survival, clinical observations, body weight, food consumption, ophthalmologic evaluations, hematology, serum chemistry, urinalysis, post-mortem anatomic pathology, and histopathology were monitored and performed. No adverse observations were noted in relation to the administration of fibrillated cellulose. Under the conditions of this study and based on the toxicological endpoints evaluated, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for fibrillated cellulose was 2194.2 mg/kg/day (males) and 2666.6 mg/kg/day (females), corresponding to the highest dose tested (4 %) for male and female Sprague Dawley rats. These results demonstrate that fibrillated cellulose behaves similarly to conventional cellulose and raises no safety concerns when used as a food ingredient at these concentrations.
Influence of processing conditions on the characteristics of LTCC materials (ID #279) (2010)

The influence of the processing conditions on the structural properties of a selected LTCC material (Du Pont 951) was studied. The samples were fired at different temperatures; after which, the unfired and fired tapes were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD patterns were then refined using the Rietveld method, with an internal standard being used to quantify the ratio between the crystalline and amorphous components. The results show that this LTCC tape is composed of alumina, as a ceramic filler, and crystallizing glass. By increasing the firing temperature the alumina is dissolving in the melted glass phase. The mass fraction of the crystallization product, the anorthite, increased with the firing temperature. The mass fraction of the glass phase firstly increased with the increasing firing temperature due to the dissolution of alumina, but after the start of the crystallization of the anorthite from the glass phase the mass fraction of the glass decreased with a further increase in the firing temperature. The XRD results are supported by microstructural analyses.
Reflection and scattering of Gulyaev-Bleustein waves on a resonating element. (1991)

The reflection and scattering of surface-acoustic-waves from a single localized nonpiezoelectric ridge, made on a metallized surface are studied. The rigorous solution of wave propagation inside the ridge and in the piezoelectric semispace was performed. It was found that through the substrate all modes of the same symmetry are coupled one with other, but at given frequencies only one mode can be exited resonantly. The amplitudes and scattering diagrams for waves scattered into bulk of the substrate were found using asymptotic technique. The frequency dependences of the energy reflection coefficient and a surface to bulk-wave conversion coefficient for a ridge with rectangular square profile were calculated. It is supposed that such resonating elements can found an application for local reflectors, semitransparent mirrors, etc.
A Relevant Wound-Like in vitro Media to Study Bacterial Cooperation and Biofilm in Chronic Wounds (2022)

Biofilm on the skin surface of chronic wounds is an important factor in the pathology, inhibiting wound healing. The polymicrobial nature of these infected wounds and bacterial interactions inside this pathogenic biofilm are the keys for understanding chronic infection. The aim of our work was to develop an innovative <i>in vitro</i> medium that closely mimics the chronic wound emphasizing the microbiological, cellular, and inflammatory environment of chronic wounds but also focusing on the pH found at the wound level. This new medium, called chronic wound medium (CWM), will thus facilitate the study of pathogenic biofilm organization. Clinical <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> strains coisolated from diabetic foot infection were collected and cultivated in this new medium for 24 h in monoculture and coculture. Bacterial growth (growth curves), presence of small colony variant (SCV), biofilm formation (BioFilm Ring Test<sup>®</sup> assay, biofilm biomass quantification), and virulence (survival curve in a <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> model) were evaluated. After 24 h in the <i>in vitro</i> conditions, we observed that <i>P. aeruginosa</i> growth was not affected, compared with a control bacterial medium, whereas for <i>S. aureus</i>, the stationary phase was reduced by two logs. Interestingly, <i>S. aureus</i> growth increased when cocultured with <i>P. aeruginosa</i> in CWM. In coculture with <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, SCV forms of <i>S. aureus</i> were detected. Biofilm studies showed that bacteria, alone and in combination, formed biofilm faster (as soon as 3 h) than the bacteria exposed in a control medium (as soon as 5 h). The virulence of all strains decreased in the nematode model when cultivated in our new <i>in vitro</i> medium. Taken together, our data confirmed the impact of the chronic wound environment on biofilm formation and bacteria virulence. They indicated that <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> cooperated in coinfected wounds. Therefore, this <i>in vitro</i> model provides a new tool for bacterial cooperation investigation and polymicrobial biofilm formation.