gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural properties and electronic structure of low-compressibility materials: β-<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Si</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">N</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>and hypothetical β-<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">C</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">N</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1990)

We present a first-principles pseudopotential study of the structural and electronic properties of \ensuremath{\beta}-${\mathrm{Si}}_{3}$${\mathrm{N}}_{4}$ and the hypothetical compound \ensuremath{\beta}-${\mathrm{C}}_{3}$${\mathrm{N}}_{4}$. \ensuremath{\beta}-${\mathrm{C}}_{3}$${\mathrm{N}}_{4}$, which is ${\mathrm{C}}_{3}$${\mathrm{N}}_{4}$ in the \ensuremath{\beta}-${\mathrm{Si}}_{3}$${\mathrm{N}}_{4}$ structure, with C substituted for Si, is used as a prototype for investigating the properties of possible covalent C-N solids. The calculated lattice constant, bulk modulus, and electronic band structure of \ensuremath{\beta}-${\mathrm{Si}}_{3}$${\mathrm{N}}_{4}$ are in good agreement with experimental results. This gives support for the predicted properties of \ensuremath{\beta}-${\mathrm{C}}_{3}$${\mathrm{N}}_{4}$. The bulk modulus of \ensuremath{\beta}-${\mathrm{C}}_{3}$${\mathrm{N}}_{4}$ is found to be comparable to diamond, and its moderately large cohesive energy suggests that the prototype structure may be metastable. Although the crystal structure and the valencies of the constituent atoms are similar in \ensuremath{\beta}-${\mathrm{Si}}_{3}$${\mathrm{N}}_{4}$ and \ensuremath{\beta}-${\mathrm{C}}_{3}$${\mathrm{N}}_{4}$, the electronic bonding properties in these two solids are found to differ. The large core size and repulsive p pseudopotential of the second-row element, Si, results in a more ionic Si-N bond compared with a covalent C-N bond.
Fine particle Li-ferrite for APS millimeter-wave phase shifter (1978)

Powders composed of spheroidal particles 0.5–0.6 μm average size have been synthesized by rapidly quenching melts in the system Li2CO3-B2O3-Fe2O3. The flow characteristics of the powders are adequate to fabricate Li-ferrite ceramic bodies by arc-plasma-spraying (APS) the powders. Post annealing leads to densification and grain growth with concomitant decrease in Hc and increase in 4πMs and Br. Inversions in x-ray diffraction line intensity disappears with APS and annealing, yielding expected cation distribution. The inadvertent introduction of Zn accounts for the observed inverse relationship between magnetic moment and Curie temperature. The synthetic powder process requires further refinement to improve powder flow characteristics.
IS <b> <i>6110</i> Insertions in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> : Predominantly into Coding Regions </b> (2001)

We read with interest the recent publication by Benjamin et al. (2) regarding the characterization of IS6110insertion sites in the direct repeat (DR) region of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This topical and relevant study described the dissection of a single molecular event leading to an altered DNA fingerprint pattern that was detected by two different strain genotyping systems, namely, IS6110 DNA fingerprinting and spoligotyping. It was shown that a single IS6110transposition event in the DR region disrupted one of the spoligotyping primer regions, thereby resulting in simultaneous changes in the IS6110 fingerprint and spoligotype pattern. The authors rightly recommended that some caution should be applied to the interpretation of similar, but nonidentical, IS6110 DNA fingerprint and spoligotype patterns. In addition, the results corroborated the occurrence of IS6110 preferential integration loci, as previously identified by a number of investigators (3, 5, 7).
Design and rationale of the TOTAL trial: A randomized trial of routine aspiration ThrOmbecTomy with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) versus PCI ALone in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary PCI (2013)

The TOTAL trial will determine the effect of routine manual aspiration thrombectomy during PPCI on clinically important outcomes.
Cytoplasmic<i>Escherichia coli</i>ADP sugar pyrophosphatase binds to cell membranes in response to extracellular signals as the cell population density increases (2008)

ADP sugar pyrophosphatase (AspP) is a member of the 'Nudix' (Nucleoside diphosphate linked to some other moiety X) hydrolase family of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolytic breakdown of ADP-glucose (ADPG) linked to glycogen biosynthesis. In a previous work, we showed that AspP activity is strongly enhanced by both glucose-1,6-bisphosphate and nucleotide-sugars, and by macromolecular crowding. In this work, we show that AspP binds to cell membranes as the bacterial population density increases, c. 30% of the total enzyme remaining membrane associated as glycogen depletes during the stationary phase. This process is not dependent on the stationary transcription factor RpoS, the producer of the bacterial quorum-sensing autoinducer 2 (LuxS), the presence of glycogen granules or glucose availability, but is stimulated by small soluble heat-labile molecule(s) occurring in cell-free spent supernatants of stationary cultures that are acid stabile and base labile. These data further point to AspP as a highly regulated enzyme, and provide a first set of evidences indicating that glycogen metabolism is subjected to regulation by intercellular communication in Escherichia coli.
Catalytic membrane reactor for Suzuki‐Miyaura C−C cross‐coupling: Explanation for its high efficiency via modeling (2016)

A polymeric catalytic membrane was previously prepared that showed remarkable efficiency for Suzuki‐Miyaura C‐C cross‐coupling in a flow‐through configuration. A mathematic model was developed and fitted to the experimental data to understand the significant apparent reaction rate increase exhibited by the catalytic membrane reactor compared to the catalytic system under batch reaction conditions. It appears that the high palladium nanoparticles concentration inside the membrane is mainly responsible for the high apparent reaction rate achieved. In addition, the best performance of the catalytic membrane could be achieved only in the forced flow‐through configuration, that, conditions permitting to the reactants be brought to the catalytic membrane by convection. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 63: 698–704, 2017
Data from Exogenous and Endogenous Sources of Serine Contribute to Colon Cancer Metabolism, Growth, and Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Serine is a nonessential amino acid generated by the sequential actions of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), phosphoserine aminotransferase (PSAT1), and phosphoserine phosphatase (PSPH). Increased serine biosynthesis occurs in several cancers and supports tumor growth. In addition, cancer cells can harness exogenous serine to enhance their metabolism and proliferation. Here we tested the relative contributions of exogenous and endogenous sources of serine on the biology of colorectal cancer. In murine tumors, &lt;i&gt;Apc&lt;/i&gt; status was identified as a determinant of the expression of genes controlling serine synthesis. In patient samples, PSAT1 was overexpressed in both colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Combining genetic deletion of &lt;i&gt;PSAT1&lt;/i&gt; with exogenous serine deprivation maximally suppressed the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells and induced profound metabolic defects including diminished nucleotide production. Inhibition of serine synthesis enhanced the transcriptional changes following exogenous serine removal as well as alterations associated with DNA damage. Both loss of PSAT1 and removal of serine from the diet were necessary to suppress colorectal cancer xenograft growth and enhance the antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Restricting endogenous and exogenous serine &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; augmented 5-FU–induced cell death, DNA damage, and metabolic perturbations, likely accounting for the observed antitumor effect. Collectively, our results suggest that both endogenous and exogenous sources of serine contribute to colorectal cancer growth and resistance to 5-FU.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;These findings provide insights into the metabolic requirements of colorectal cancer and reveal a novel approach for its treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Moving Picture Recording and Observation of Visible Femtosecond Light Pulse Propagation (2011)

We succeeded in recording and observing a spatially and temporally continuous moving picture of visible femtosecond light pulse propagation by using light-in-flight recording by holography, for the first time. We applied second-harmonic generation (SHG) to a NIR femtosecond light pulse from a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser to generate a visible femtosecond light pulse. The center wavelength and duration of the generated light pulse were 400 nm and ∼100 fs, respectively. We acquired a moving picture of a visible and collimated femtosecond light pulse that propagated on a diffuser plate for 145 ps.
A Cost Effective Compressive Data Aggregation Technique for Wireless Sensor Networks (2010)

In wireless sensor network (WSN) there are two main problems in employing conventional compression techniques. The compression performance depends on the organization of the routes for a larger extent. The efficiency of an in-network data compression scheme is not solely determined by the compression ratio, but also depends on the computational and communication overheads. In Compressive Data Aggregation technique, data is gathered at some intermediate node where its size is reduced by applying compression technique without losing any information of complete data. In our previous work, we have developed an adaptive traffic aware aggregation technique in which the aggregation technique can be changed into structured and structure-free adaptively, depending on the load status of the traffic. In this paper, as an extension to our previous work, we provide a cost effective compressive data gathering technique to enhance the traffic load, by using structured data aggregation scheme. We also design a technique that effectively reduces the computation and communication costs involved in the compressive data gathering process. The use of compressive data gathering process provides a compressed sensor reading to reduce global data traffic and distributes energy consumption evenly to prolong the network lifetime. By simulation results, we show that our proposed technique improves the delivery ratio while reducing the energy and delay.
Photoinduced Micropattern Alignment of Semiconductor Nanorods with Polarized Emission in a Liquid Crystal Polymer Matrix (2017)

Photoalignment technology provides high alignment quality with an exceptional control over the local director of liquid crystals. Because of the reorientation ability of sulfonic azo dye molecules, they offer high azimuthal and polar anchoring energy with a low pretilt angle for the orientation of liquid crystals and liquid crystal composites. In this work, we make use of this approach to align thin film composites of light-emitting semiconductor nanorods dispersed in a liquid crystal polymer into both one-dimensional and two-dimensional microscale patterns. After unidirectional alignment, the patterns are fabricated by a second irradiation with different polarization azimuth and the employment of a photomask. Fluorescence micrographs reveal the nanorod pattern alignment in domain sizes down to 2 μm. Apart from demonstrating the possibility of controlling the orientation of anisotropic nanocrystals with strongly polarized emission on microscopic scale, our results are promising for the fabrication of complex nanostructures for photonic applications.
Reductive Beckmann's Type Fragmentation of α-Amino Oximes by Sodium Borohydride: A New Synthetic Pathway to ω-Amino Nitriles (1993)

Treatment of cyclic α-amino oximes with sodium borohydride in acetonitrile is a new convenient route to ω-amino nitriles.
Catalytic Hydrodefluorination of Fluoromethanes at Room Temperature by Silylium‐ion‐like Surface Species (2013)

'Al'l about F: Aluminum chlorofluoride (ACF) catalyzes the hydrodefluorination, as well as Friedel–Crafts reactions of fluorinated methanes in the presence of Et3SiH. A surface-bound silylium-ion-like species is considered to be a crucial intermediate in achieving the CF bond cleavage.
Optical imaging in tissue with X-ray excited luminescent sensors (2011)

We report a high-spatial resolution imaging technique to measure optical absorption and detect chemical and physical changes on surfaces embedded in thick tissue. Developing sensors to measure chemical concentrations on implanted surfaces through tissue is an important challenge for analytical chemistry and biomedical imaging. Tissue scattering dramatically reduces the resolution of optical imaging. In contrast, X-rays provide high spatial resolution imaging through tissue but do not measure chemical concentrations. We describe a hybrid technique which uses a scanning X-ray beam to irradiate Gd(2)O(2)S scintillators and detect the resulting visible luminescence through the tissue. The amount of light collected is modulated by optical absorption in close proximity to the luminescence source. By scanning the X-ray beam, and measuring total amount of light collected, one can measure the local absorption near scintillators at a resolution limited by the width of luminescence source (i.e. the width of the X-ray excitation beam). For proof of principle, a rectangular 1.7 mm scanning X-ray beam was used to excite a single layer of 8 μm Gd(2)O(2)S particles, and detect the absorption of 5 nm thick silver island film through 10 mm of pork. Lifetime and spectroscopic measurements, as well changing the refractive index of the surroundings indicate that the silver reduces the optical signal through attenuated total internal reflection. The technique was used to image the dissolution of regions of the silver island film which were exposed to 1 mM of H(2)O(2) through 1 cm of pork tissue.
Direct and modified ionothermal synthesis of LiMnPO4 with tunable morphology for rechargeable Li-ion batteries (2011)

Low temperature solvothermal synthesis routes are increasingly being pursued as energy-savvy ways, as opposed to conventional solid-state synthesis, to produce electrode materials. This current work reports ionothermal synthesis, using pristine ionic liquids (ILs) as reacting media, to produce LiMnPO4 (LMP) in the temperature range of 220–250 °C at ambient pressure. The role of various processing parameters and different types of ionic liquids on the structure and morphology of LiMnPO4 has been reported. Further, ionothermal synthesis can be modified by altering the nature of reacting media by addition of partially miscible solvent to ionic liquids. Here, in addition, we demonstrate three modified versions of ionothermal synthesis, namely (a) water-micelles (nano-reactors) entrapped in ILs, yielding nanoparticles, (b) carbon-assisted IL synthesis as a one-step production of carbon-coated LiMnPO4 and (c) diol-assisted ionothermal synthesis forming platelet-morphology. The resulting IL-synthesized LiMnPO4 olivines were found to deliver reversible capacity close to 100 mA h g−1 (at a rate of C/20) with excellent cycling stability involving standard two-phase lithium (de)insertion mechanism.
An 0.5-μm CMOS analog random access memory chip for TeraOPS speed multimedia video processing (1999)

Data compressing, data coding, and communications in object-oriented multimedia applications like telepresence, computer-aided medical diagnosis, or telesurgery require an enormous computing power-in the order of trillions of operations per second (TeraOPS). Compared with conventional digital technology, cellular neural/nonlinear network (CNN)-based computing is capable of realizing these TeraOPS-range image processing tasks in a cost-effective implementation. To exploit the computing power of the CNN Universal Machine (CNN-UM), the CNN chipset architecture has been developed-a mixed-signal hardware platform for CNN-based image processing. One of the nonstandard components of the chipset is the cache memory of the analog array processor, the analog random access memory (ARAM). This paper reports on an ARAM chip that has been designed and fabricated in a 0.5-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. This chip consists of a fully addressable array of 32/spl times/256 analog memory registers and has a packing density of 637 analog-memory-cells/mm/sup 2/. Random and nondestructive access of the memory contents is available. Bottom-plate sampling techniques have been employed to eliminate harmonic distortion introduced by signal-dependent feedthrough. Signal coupling and interaction have been minimized by proper layout measures, including the use of protection rings and separate power supplies for the analog and the digital circuitry. This prototype features an equivalent resolution of up to 7 bits-measured by comparing the reconstructed waveform with the original input signal. Measured access times for writing/reading to/from the memory registers are of 200 ns. I/O rates via the l6-line-wide I/O bus exceed 10 Msamples/s. Storage time at room temperature is in the 80 to 100 ms range, without accuracy loss.
Walka informacyjna : uwarunkowania, incydenty, wyzwania (2017)

Monografia poświecona Profesorowi Zbigniewowi Kwiasowskiemu z okazji Jubileuszu 50-lecia pracy zawodowej.
Genetic association and transcriptome integration identify contributing genes and tissues at cystic fibrosis modifier loci (2019)

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) exhibits morbidity in several organs, including progressive lung disease in all patients and intestinal obstruction at birth (meconium ileus) in ~15%. Individuals with the same causal CFTR mutations show variable disease presentation which is partly attributed to modifier genes. With >6,500 participants from the International CF Gene Modifier Consortium, genome-wide association investigation identified a new modifier locus for meconium ileus encompassing ATP12A on chromosome 13 (min p = 3.83x10 -10 ); replicated loci encompassing SLC6A14 on chromosome X and SLC26A9 on chromosome 1, (min p<2.2x10 -16 , 2.81x10 -11 , respectively); and replicated a suggestive locus on chromosome 7 near PRSS1 (min p = 2.55x10 -7 ). PRSS1 is exclusively expressed in the exocrine pancreas and was previously associated with non-CF pancreatitis with functional characterization demonstrating impact on PRSS1 gene expression. We thus asked whether the other meconium ileus modifier loci impact gene expression and in which organ. We developed and applied a colocalization framework called the Simple Sum (SS) that integrates regulatory
Further evidence supporting a potential role for ADH1B in obesity (2021)

Insulin is an essential hormone that regulates glucose homeostasis and metabolism. Insulin resistance (IR) arises when tissues fail to respond to insulin, and it leads to serious health problems including Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Obesity is a major contributor to the development of IR and T2D. We previously showed that gene expression of alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B) was inversely correlated with obesity and IR in subcutaneous adipose tissue of Mexican Americans. In the current study, a meta-analysis of the relationship between ADH1B expression and BMI in Mexican Americans, African Americans, Europeans, and Pima Indians verified that BMI was increased with decreased ADH1B expression. Using established human subcutaneous pre-adipocyte cell lines derived from lean (BMI < 30 kg m<sup>-2</sup>) or obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg m<sup>-2</sup>) donors, we found that ADH1B protein expression increased substantially during differentiation, and overexpression of ADH1B inhibited fatty acid binding protein expression. Mature adipocytes from lean donors expressed ADH1B at higher levels than obese donors. Insulin further induced ADH1B protein expression as well as enzyme activity. Knockdown of ADH1B expression decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Our findings suggest that ADH1B is involved in the proper development and metabolic activity of adipose tissues and this function is suppressed by obesity.
Variance and potential niche separation of microbial communities in subseafloor sediments off <scp>S</scp> himokita <scp>P</scp> eninsula, <scp>J</scp> apan (2015)

Subseafloor pelagic sediments with high concentrations of organic matter form habitats for diverse microorganisms. Here, we determined depth profiles of genes for SSU rRNA, mcrA, dsrA and amoA from just beneath the seafloor to 363.3 m below the seafloor (mbsf) using core samples obtained from the forearc basin off the Shimokita Peninsula. The molecular profiles were combined with data on lithostratigraphy, depositional age, sedimentation rate and pore-water chemistry. The SSU rRNA gene tag structure and diversity changed at around the sulfate-methane transition zone (SMTZ), whereas the profiles varied further with depth below the SMTZ, probably in connection with the variation in pore-water chemistry. The depth profiles of diversity and abundance of dsrA, a key gene for sulfate reduction, suggested the possible niche separations of sulfate-reducing populations, even below the SMTZ. The diversity and abundance patterns of mcrA, a key gene for methanogenesis/anaerobic methanotrophy, suggested a stratified distribution and separation of anaerobic methanotrophy and hydrogenotrophic or methylotrophic methanogensis below the SMTZ. This study provides novel insights into the relationships between the composition and function of microbial communities and the chemical environment in the nutrient-rich continental margin subseafloor sediments, which may result in niche separation and variability in subseafloor microbial populations.
Review of the validated HPLC and LC‐MS/MS methods for determination of drugs used in clinical practice for Alzheimer's disease (2014)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disorder and is the most frequent type of dementia among elderly people. Donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, tacrine and memantine are the US Food and Drug Administration approved oral drugs used in the treatment of AD. Quantitation of these drugs in various biological matrices and monitoring them in long-term treatment is essential to titer the dose of these drugs and ensure patient compliance. This review provides a comprehensive account of various HPLC and LC-MS/MS assays, which have been successfully employed to measure the drug levels in various biological matrices arising from preclinical and clinical studies. In addition, this review collates various considerations such as internal standard selection, extraction schemes, matrix effect, selectivity evaluation and optimization of mass spectrometric conditions to enable the development of sound bioanalytical methods for quantitation of Alzheimer's drugs. Overall LC-MS/MS methods have proven to be the choice of bioanalytical method for the quantification of Alzheimer's drugs in both preclinical and clinical studies. In conclusion, important features of LC-MS/MS methodology for Alzheimer's drugs include shortened analysis time, increased throughput, selectivity and lower cost of analysis.