gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rate control and predictor analysis for lossy compression of multispectral and hyperspectral images (2012)

This paper provides an analysis of techniques for lossy multispectral and hyperspectral images compression at very high data rates. Image compression is becoming more and more important, as new multispectral and hyperspectral instruments are going to generate very high data rates due to the increased spatial and spectral resolutions. Transmitting all the acquired data to the ground segment is becoming a serious bottleneck, and compression techniques are a feasible solution to this problem. Lossless compression is not able to provide a sufficient degree of data volume reduction to meet the bandwidth requirements of the downlink channel, so a lossy approach is the only possible solution. Hyperspectral images lossy compression is a well-known problem, and several actual solutions are available, typically based on the transform coding paradigm. Transform coding can be considered a good approach at ground station, but not for onboard compression, as it would pose large memory and computational requirements. We propose a new paradigm based on a predictive coding, which allows to achieve a favorable trade-off between coding efficiency, implementation complexity and throughput of hardware implementation. Even if prediction-based techniques are often used to perform a near-lossless compression, allowing the user to specify the maximum absolute value between the decoded and the original image, in this case the proposed algorithm is fully lossy. It is widely proved that a prediction model approach performs poorly at low bit-rates with respect to a transform coding one, but this is not the case, since it can be demonstrated that in the case of hyperspectral and ultraspectral data, employing suitable rate-distortion optimization techniques, prediction can achieve performance at least as good as, or even better than state-ofart transform coding techniques at all bit-rates. In this paper we consider different predictors, and study their suitability for lossy compression. First, a block-based least mean square (LMS) predictor can be considered, estimating the parameter of a linear correlation model to be employed to predict a whole 16x16 sample block for each band. Second, a pixel-based LMS predictor is employed. We provide an experimental study applying these predictors to lossy compression, employing the CCSDS reference dataset for multispectral and hyperspectral image compression. We also show the results achieved using a scalar deadzone quantizer, as opposed to a regular uniform quantizer. Finally, we show that, despite a complexity degree far lower than any other transform coding scheme, the proposed technique offers rate-distortion performance that are very competitive with that of other state-of-art transform coding schemes. Moreover, we study the problem of rate control, proposing an algorithm that allows predictive lossy compression to achieve a user-defined rate with good accuracy.
Efficient Non-Malleable Codes and Key Derivation for Poly-Size Tampering Circuits (2016)

Non-malleable codes, defined by Dziembowski, Pietrzak, and Wichs (ICS '10), provide roughly the following guarantee: if a codeword c encoding some message x is tampered to c'= f (c) such that c' ≠ c, then the tampered message x' contained in c' reveals no information about x. The nonmalleable codes have applications to immunizing cryptosystems against tampering attacks and related-key attacks. One cannot have an efficient non-malleable code that protects against all efficient tampering functions f . However, in this paper we show “the next best thing”: for any polynomial bound s given a-priori, there is an efficient non-malleable code that protects against all tampering functions f computable by a circuit of size s. More generally, for any family of tampering functions F of size |F| ≤ 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sup> , there is an efficient non-malleable code that protects against all f ∈ F. The rate of our codes, defined as the ratio of message to codeword size, approaches 1. Our results are information-theoretic and our main proof technique relies on a careful probabilistic method argument using limited independence. As a result, we get an efficiently samplable family of efficient codes, such that a random member of the family is non-malleable with overwhelming probability. Alternatively, we can view the result as providing an efficient non-malleable code in the “common reference string” model. We also introduce a new notion of non-malleable key derivation, which uses randomness x to derive a secret key y = h(x) in such a way that, even if x is tampered to a different value x'= f (x), the derived key y' = h(x') does not reveal any information about y. Our results for non-malleable key derivation are analogous to those for non-malleable codes. As a useful tool in our analysis, we rely on the notion of “leakage-resilient storage” of Davi, Dziembowski, and Venturi (SCN '10), and, as a result of independent interest, we also significantly improve on the parameters of such schemes.
Optical properties of organometallic perovskite: An ab initio study using relativistic GW correction and Bethe-Salpeter equation (2014)

In the development of highly efficient photovoltaic cells, solid perovskite systems have demonstrated unprecedented promise, with the figure of merit exceeding nineteen percent of efficiency. In this paper, we investigate the optical and vibrational properties of organometallic cubic perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 using first-principles calculations. For accurate theoretical description, we go beyond conventional density functional theory (DFT), and calculated optical conductivity using relativist quasi-particle (GW) correction. Incorporating these many-body effects, we further solve Bethe-Salpeter equations (BSE) for excitons, and found enhanced optical conductivity near the gap edge. Due to the presence of organic methylammonium cations near the center of the perovskite cell, the system is sensitive to low energy vibrational modes. We estimate the phonon modes of CH3NH3PbI3 using small displacement approach, and further calculate the infrared absorption (IR) spectra. Qualitatively, our calculations of low-energy phonon frequencies are in good agreement with our terahertz measurements. Therefore, for both energy scales (around 2 eV and 0-20 meV), our calculations reveal the importance of many-body effects and their contributions to the desirable optical properties in the cubic organometallic perovskites system.
Prolonged Excretion of Group A Coxsackievirus in an Infant with Agammaglobulinemia (1982)

Journal Article Prolonged Excretion of Group A Coxsackievirus in an Infant with Agammaglobulinemia Get access J. P. Johnson, J. P. Johnson The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. H. Yolken, R. H. Yolken The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. Goodman, D. Goodman The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. A. Winkelstein, J. A. Winkelstein The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. E. Nagel J. E. Nagel Gerontology Research Center National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 146, Issue 5, November 1982, Page 712, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/146.5.712 Published: 01 November 1982
ChemInform Abstract: MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF OXIDATIVE ADDITION TO LOW‐VALENT METAL COMPLEXES PART 3, MECHANISM OF FORMATION OF PLATINUM TO CARBON BONDS (1975)

Abstract Reaktionen des Tris‐[phosphin]‐Pt(0)‐Komplexes (I) mit Alkylhalogeniden zu Halogenoalkyl‐Pt(II)‐Komplexen werden untersucht und diskutiert; sie verlaufen nach einem Radikalketten‐Mechanismus.
Uvomorulin: a nonintegral membrane protein of early mouse embryo. (1983)

A monoclonal antibody has allowed the characterization of various forms of uvomorulin, a glycoprotein involved in the process of compaction of mouse morula. In addition to various degradation products, uvomorulin exists as a 120-kilodalton exocellular molecule stable at the cell surface. A short-lived 135-kilodalton precursor of uvomorulin has been detected after 10-min pulse labeling. Uvomorulin-like molecules are found on various tissues at various stages of development of the mouse.
Normal EEG in Wakefulness and Sleep (2017)

Electroencephalogram (EEG) interpretation depends on accurate pattern recognition. One of the first lessons the novice electroencephalographer learns is that EEG pattern interpretation must take into account the patient’s age and the level of vigilance, or state. EEG patterns vary according to central nervous system development and maturation. This process evolves over time, starting with the early development and maturation of the nervous system (an evolution) to a peak of maturity, followed by an involution. Basic differences exist between the ascending (developmental) and descending (involutional) portions of this curve. This chapter discusses pediatric EEG, from the dramatic ontogenic transitioning of the neonate, premature and term, to infants, children, and adolescents.
StyleBin: Stylizing Video by Example in Stereo (2022)

In this paper we present StyleBin—an approach to example-based stylization of videos that can produce consistent binocular depiction of stylized content on stereoscopic displays. Given the target sequence and a set of stylized keyframes accompanied by information about depth in the scene, we formulate an optimization problem that converts the target video into a pair of stylized sequences, in which each frame consists of a set of seamlessly stitched patches taken from the original stylized keyframe. The aim of the optimization process is to align the individual patches so that they respect the semantics of the given target scene, while at the same time also following the prescribed local disparity in the corresponding viewpoints and being consistent in time. In contrast to previous depth-aware style transfer techniques, our approach is the first that can deliver semantically meaningful stylization and preserve essential visual characteristics of the given artistic media. We demonstrate the practical utility of the proposed method in various stylization use cases.
Superhydrophobic bull's-eye for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (2014)

We present a micro-patterned silicon structure that enables the preparation of a substrate for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and pre-concentration of the analyte molecules. The structure is designed to produce a hydrophobicity gradient. As a result, a water droplet placed on it will remain centred on the structure as it dries, enabling delivery of materials to its centre. The structure is therefore referred to as a superhydrophobic bull's-eye. A water droplet containing gold colloids placed on it dries to produce a cluster at the bull's-eye centre. A second water droplet placed on it, this time containing analyte molecules, dries such that the molecules are delivered to the gold colloid cluster. We demonstrate the detection of molecules at low concentrations (Rhodamine 6G at 10(-15) M) from small droplets.
Surface Properties of Recycled 316L Powder. (2019)

Abstract not provided.
Use of Retroviruses to Express Connexins (2003)

Gap junction-mediated intercellular communications are known to be important for tissue growth, differentiation, and signaling (1). To experimentally probe the roles played by connexins in tissue development and function, we describe here a retroviral approach that has been successfully used to express nonviral exogenous connexins in embryonic chick lens in vivo (2). The expression of the retrovirally transduced connexin genes is found to be colocalized with their connexin counterparts in vivo.
Effect of electrolyte composition on micro-arc anodization of AM60B magnesium alloy (2013)

Anodic oxidation in micro-arc regime is one of the most investigated techniques used to coat magnesium alloys with ceramic coatings for protection from corrosion and wear. The anodization electrolyte composition affects the current/voltage characteristic of the cell, the anodic oxide layer morphology and its behaviour in aggressive environment. In this paper the influence of the electrolyte composition on the anodic oxidation process and oxide properties is discussed. Scanning electron microscopy, x- ray diffraction, and x- ray photoelectron spectroscopy were employed to assess morphology, crystallographic structure and composition of the anodic oxide. Electrochemical polarization tests were performed to evaluate the corrosion resistance behaviour of the coated magnesium alloys. RIASSUNTO L’ossidazione anodica in regime di micro-arco è una delle tecniche maggiormente studiate tra quelle utilizzate per proteggere le leghe di magnesio da corrosione e usura con rivestimenti ceramici. La composizione del bagno elettrolitico di anodizzazione influenza le curve caratteristiche corrente /voltaggio, la morfologia dello strato di ossido anodico e il suo comportamento in ambiente aggressivo. In questo articolo si descrive l’influenza della composizione del bagno elettrolitico sul processo di ossidazione anodica e sulle proprietà dell’ossido. Microscopia a scansione elettronica, diffrazione di raggi X, spettroscopia fotoelettronica indotta da raggi X sono utilizzate per valutare la morfologia, la struttura cristallografica e la composizione dell’ossido anodico. Prove di polarizzazione elettrochimica sono state effettuate per valutare la resistenza a corrosione di leghe di magnesio anodizzate.
Targeting HER2 in combination with anti-PD-1 and chemotherapy confers a significant tumor shrinkage of gastric cancer: A multi-institutional phase Ib/II trial of first-line triplet regimen (pembrolizumab, trastuzumab, chemotherapy) for HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer (AGC). (2020)

3081 Background: Combining anti-PD-1 agent and trastuzumab has shown synergy in HER2 positive preclinical cancer models. We first report the result of a multi-institutional phase Ib/II trial of triple combination (pembrolizumab, trastuzumab, and chempotherapy) as first line therapy for HER2 positive AGC. (PANTHERA trial; NCT02901301). Methods: Pembrolizumab 200mg IV D1, Trastuzumab 6mg/kg (after 8mg/kg load) D1, Capecitabine 1000mg/m 2 bid D1-14, and Cisplatin 80mg/m 2 D1 every 3 weeks was selected as recommended phase II dose. The primary endpoint for phase II was ORR per RECIST v1.1. Secondary endpoints included PFS, OS, DoR, safety, and molecular analysis by targeted NGS. Results: Total of 43 patients were treated with median follow up of 16.1 months, and 11 pts remained on the treatment (treatment duration range: 1.4 to 24 months). There was significant tumor shrinkage of 95.3% with 54.6% median depth of response, with 76.7% ORR (CR 16.3%, PR 60.5%, conversion surgery 4.6%), and 97.7% DCR. Median PFS was 8.6 months (95% CI 7.2-22.0) and median OS was 18.4 months (95% CI 17.9-NA). Subsequent chemotherapy was given to 83.3% of 30 progressed pts. There were no MSI-H/dMMR or EBV-positive pts. PD-L1 status (57.1% of pts ≥ CPS 1 and 14.3% of pts ≥ CPS 10 among 35 pts), metastatic organ or baseline tumor burden was not related to the survival. Treatment-related AE (≥G3) occurred in 32 pts (74.4%) including 17 pts (39.5%) with neutropenia G3-4. Immune-related AEs (≥G3) occurred in 4 pts (10%). Ninety-six tumor tissues from 32 pts (paired tumor tissues from 25 pts) were analyzed with targeted NGS. TMB (median 12.7 mut/MB with range of 9.45-16.71) was not related to the PD-L1 expression or survival. Conclusions: First-line triplet regimen (Pembrolizumab, Trastuzumab, and Chemotherapy) confers a significant tumor shrinkage for HER2 positive AGC, regardless of PD-L1 status. Phase III Keynote-811 study (NCT03615326) is ongoing based on the protocol of this study. Clinical trial information: NCT02901301 . [Table: see text]
A web-based infrastructure for recording user demonstrations of mobile manipulation tasks (2015)

Learning from demonstration (LfD) is a common technique applied to many problems in robotics, such as populating grasp databases, training for reinforcement learning of high-level skill sets and bootstrapping motion planners. While such approaches are generally highly valued, they rely on the often time-consuming process of gathering user demonstrations, and hence it becomes difficult to attain a sizeable dataset. In this paper, we present a tool capable of recording large numbers of high-dimensional demonstrations of mobile manipulation tasks provided by non-experts in the field. Our tool accomplishes this via a web interface that requires no additional software to be installed beyond a web browser, as well as a scalable architecture that is capable of supporting 10 concurrent demonstrators on a single server. Our architecture employs a lightweight simulation environment to reduce unnecessary computations and improve performance. Furthermore, we show how our tool can be used to gather a large set of demonstrations of a mobile manipulation task by leveraging existing crowdsource platforms. The data set collected has been made available to the robotics community. We also present experiments in which we apply demonstrations collected through our infrastructure to teach a robot how to grasp, to teach a robot how to perform dexterous manipulation tasks such as scooping and to accelerate motion planning for full-body manipulation tasks.
Preoperative Three-Dimensional Model Creation of Magnetic Resonance Brain Images as a Tool to Assist Neurosurgical Planning (2013)

This may provide a practical and cost-effective tool which can be used for training, and during neurosurgical planning and intervention.
IN VITRO ACCELERATED CALCIFICATION TESTER FOR BIOMATERI-ALS USING REAL BLOOD (2004)

Purpose: Our previous studies of a polymer heart valve through animal experiments and numerical simulation indicated that mechanical tensile strain is one of the keys to induce calcification. Therefore, we have developed an in vitro accelerated fatigue tester for further analysis of calcification mechanism using real blood. Methods: A segmented-poly-urethane was selected as a test subject. Firstly, some polymer specimens were pre-fatigued under a cyclic sinusoidal tensile strain of 525% at a frequency of 20Hz for 20 days, which is equivalent to 400-days fatigue in a physiologic environment. This pre-fatigued specimen and a virgin specimen with the identical dimension and material were installed into each blood chamber. It was made by a flexible polyurethane with a blood volume of 50ml. Prior to blood compatibility tests, all components were sterilized. Accelerated cyclic strain of 5±5% was acted to both the specimens for 6 hours in a fresh heparinized porcine blood. Results: The comparative tests were conducted 3 times. Then, influence of the pre-fatigue on blood compatibility including calcification was investigated. In all three cases, deposit was only found on the surfaces of pre-fatigued specimens. On the contrary, no deposit was found on the surfaces of virgin specimens. Scanning electron microscopic views showed crystal-like formation of the pre-fatigued surfaces. Moreover, energy dispersive X-ray analysis revealed that the components of deposit included Calcium and Phosphorus. As these in vitro results are quite similar to a typical calcification observed in vivo, effectiveness of our new tester was demonstrated.
Cooperative diversity as a dynamic game with incomplete information (2008)

Cooperative diversity protocols are designed with the assumption that terminals always help each other in a socially efficient manner. This assumption may not be valid in commercial wireless networks where terminals may misbehave for selfish or malicious intentions. The presence of misbehaving terminals creates a social-dilemma where terminals exhibit uncertainty about the cooperative behavior of other terminals in the network. Cooperation in social-dilemma is characterized by a sub-optimal Nash equilibrium where wireless terminals opt out of cooperation. Hence, without establishing a mechanism to detect and mitigates effects of misbehavior, it is difficult to maintain a socially optimal cooperation. In this paper, we analyze effects of misbehavior based on game theoretic approaches. We show using evolutionary game theory, the permeation of selfish behavior in cooperative diversity. Our main goal is to design a mechanism that would enable wireless terminals to select reliable partners in the presence of uncertainty. To this end, we characterize cooperative diversity within the framework of a dynamic game with incomplete information. We introduce a reputation mechanism which would lead to a perfect Bayesian equilibrium.
Residual Stresses in WC-Co Coatings in As-Sprayed and Surface-Ground Conditions (2015)

Abstract The mechanical integrity of WC-Co coatings is critical for their performance in wear, corrosion, and impact resistance applications. Residual stress, with its role in development of cracking, micro-cracking, and delamination, is another integral part of the mechanical characterization of the coated systems. In the given study, the residual stress of the WC-Co coatings on steel and stainless steel substrates was examined in two conditions, after deposition and after subsequent surface grinding. Several experimental techniques, including bi-layer curvature, X-ray diffraction, and neutron diffraction, were used to assess residual stress in the coatings and to enable comparison between the methods. Residual stresses induced by deposition are mostly due to rapid particle quenching and solidification upon impact, as well as any cold working induced by high velocity particle impact, but for the WC ceramic particles both effects are insignificant and result in small deposition stress. Thermal mismatch between materials of coating and substrate is the major source of stress and scale accordingly to the CTE of the substrate and coating materials and deposition temperature. It was demonstrated that the grinding applied to surface does not modify the as-sprayed residual stresses in the coatings significantly therefore assuming absence of microcracking that could have potentially affect the residual stresses.
Severe COVID-19 infection in a patient with multiple sclerosis treated with fingolimod (2020)

The implications fingolimod has on COVID-19 are complex. As an S1P analogue, fingolimod might enhance lung endothelial cell integrity. In addition, in case of a so-called cytokine storm, immunomodulation might be beneficial to reduce mortality. Future studies are needed to explore the risks and therapeutic effects of fingolimod in COVID-19 patients.