gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expert System for Data Identification in Auction System along with Market Trends Analysis (2010)

This article describes the expert strategic approach for obtaining the strategic information from the auction system. It discusses the basic problem such as identification of the auctions and here it concerns the items set to sale on the auction system. The expert rules are compiled and dynamically adjusted on basis of the defined parameters, keywords, price range and tracking of historical price trends. These rules assign the unique identifiers to the separate commodities. Data obtained this way are then subsequently used to monitor the price of the commodity or the commodity group. The article describes both the theoretical and technical realization of the expert system with using the open source components. Possibilities for further development and use of the collected data are also discussed. It describes the method of importing data into the public system. The data are then processed into graphs and tables watching market trends and development. The information is used for modeling the portfolio of e-commerce customer.
MO193: Capillary Point-Of-Care Creatinine Testing in Kidney Disease Patients (2022)

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS Creatinine measurement is part of daily nephrological practice to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Creatinine is usually measured in plasma or in serum by the Jaffe method or enzymatic reactions [1]. New point-of-care testing (POCT) devices have been developed to allow rapid creatinine quantification from venous, arterial or capillary samples [2, 3]. Importantly, capillary sampling and quantification could enable autonomous patient-performed creatinine measurements at home. This method has so far not been extensively tested in chronic kidney disease (CKD), kidney transplanted (TPL) and haemodialysis [HD]-dependent patients. The 2-fold aim of this study was to assess the adequacy and patient acceptance of capillary creatinine POCT in the aforementioned different kidney disease patients’ groups. METHOD Consecutive eligible patients followed at the nephrology outpatient unit of the Bern University Hospital were included. In each patient, creatinine was both measured by Nova Max® Creatinine in three different capillary measurements (index test) and from venous sampling by the central hospital laboratory (enzymatic reference test). In HD patients, analyses were performed before and after a HD session. Intra-essay variation and correlation between the index and the reference test were calculated. In order to explore patients’ acceptance and perception of autonomous capillary creatinine measurement at home, subjects were asked to fill a standardized survey. RESULTS A total of 128 patients were included: 33 CKD, 68 TPM and 27 HD. Capillary POCT creatinine ranged from 55–604 umol/L, 50–458 umol/L and 133–872 umol/L for CKD, TPL and HD patients, respectively. Intra-assay variation was 23 umol/L (IQR: 10.5–47.5 umol/L), corresponding to 12% (IQR: 7–21%) variation. Correlation between capillary and plasma creatinine was high at r2 = 0.89, 0.76 and 0.72 for CKD, TPL and HD patients, respectively. Within the latter group, correlation was considerably higher after dialysis (r2 = 0.83) compared to before dialysis (r2 = 0.55). Overall, 54 patients (42%) filled the questionnaire; 97% considered POCT creatinine an easy test to perform and 94% considered it an implementable test at home. Over three quarters of the sample (77%) associated such intervention with improvement for patient care. Patients were particularly sensitive to the potential time saving and capacity to monitor their creatinine levels swiftly. CONCLUSION Autonomous capillary POCT creatinine measurement is an adequate, relevant and implementable test in specific subgroups of kidney disease patients. Correlation with plasma creatinine is high for CKD and TPL patients, while there are important inter-assay variations in HD patients. This test has economical, ecological and logistic implications that warrant further evaluation. The next step in evaluating this test would require an investigation of its reproducibility and clinical impact over time.
Experimental Study of Turbulent Swirling Flow in a Vertical Tube for Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Ultrasonic Velocity Profiler (UVP) (2015)

Two-phase swirling flow through a pipe is a complex turbulent flow and its prediction is still challenging. The present paper describes the experimental investigation of the air-water two phase swirling flow in vertical co-current flow. Swirling flow is induced by a twisted tape in a 20 mm inner diameter pipe. The flow is investigated using Ultrasonic Velocity Profiler (UVP), which allows the measurement of liquid and gas velocities simultaneously. Furthermore, simultaneous measurement of void fraction is performed using Wire Mesh Sensor (WMS). The experimental results reveal that swirling flow has significant impact on bubbles’ distribution. In low liquid flow rate, the average bubble velocity is fairly uniform along the radial position and void fraction increases in the near wall region. However, increasing liquid flow rate at constant gas flow rate leads to increase in void fraction in the core region, this is mainly due to drift velocity which is affected by centrifugal force. Experimental findings and parametric trends based on the effects of swirling flow are summarized and discussed.
Copper Based Nanomaterials Suppress Root Fungal Disease in Watermelon (<i>Citrullus lanatus</i>): Role of Particle Morphology, Composition and Dissolution Behavior (2018)

With increasing global population, innovations in agriculture will be essential for a sustainable food supply. We compare commercial CuO NP to synthesized Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O nanosheets to determine the influence of coordinating anion, particle morphology, and dissolution profile on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum induced disease in watermelon. Copper dissolution in organic acid solutions that mimic complexing agents found in plants was increased by 2 orders of magnitude relative to water. Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O nanosheets showed a rapid initial dissolution, with equilibration after 24 h; CuO NP exhibited continuous particle dissolution. In a greenhouse study, Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O nanosheets at 10 mg/L significantly repressed fungal disease as measured by yield and by a 58% decrease in disease progress. Conversely, CuO NP only yielded significant effects on disease at 1000 mg/L. In field studies, similar enhanced disease suppression was noted for Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O nanosheets, although biomass and yield effects were variable. The method of application was a significant factor in treatment success, with the dip method being more effective than foliar spray; this is likely due to homogeneity of coverage during treatment. The data show that Cu-based nanoscale materials can be an effective and sustainable strategy in the crop disease management but that particle characteristics such as morphology, coordination environment, and dissolution profile will be important determinants of success.
Stereoselective synthesis of oxime containing Pd(<scp>ii</scp>) compounds: highly effective, selective and stereo-regulated cytotoxicity against carcinogenic PC-3 cells (2022)

New palladium compounds [Pd{(1<i>S</i>,4<i>R</i>)-NOH^NH(R)}Cl<sub>2</sub>] (R = Ph 1a or Bn 1b), [Pd{(1<i>S</i>,4<i>R</i>)-NOH^NH(R)}{(1<i>S</i>,4<i>R</i>)-NO^NH(R)}][Cl] (R = Ph 2a or Bn 2b) and corresponding [Pd{(1<i>R</i>,4<i>S</i>)-NOH^NH(R)}Cl<sub>2</sub>] (R = Ph 1a' or Bn 1b') and [Pd{(1<i>R</i>,4<i>S</i>)-NOH^NH(R)}{(1<i>R</i>,4<i>S</i>)-NO^NH(R)}][Cl] (R = Ph 2a' or Bn 2b') have been synthesized. Novel compounds 1a, 1b, and 2b (and 1a', 1b', and 2b') were obtained in solution as a mixture of diastereomers whose relative ratios depend on the solvent and the nature of the amino substituent. In contrast, the synthetic reactions of derivatives 2a and 2a' were stereospecific, and afforded single enantiomers of absolute configuration (<i>S</i><sub>N</sub>,1<i>S</i><sub>C</sub>,4<i>R</i><sub>C</sub>)-(<i>R</i><sub>N</sub>,1<i>S</i><sub>C</sub>,4<i>R</i><sub>C</sub>) and (<i>R</i><sub>N</sub>,1<i>R</i><sub>C</sub>,4<i>S</i><sub>C</sub>)-(<i>S</i><sub>N</sub>,1<i>R</i><sub>C</sub>,4<i>S</i><sub>C</sub>), respectively. All compounds have been fully characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy, time-dependent UV-spectroscopy, ESI-HR-MS in water, and CHN elemental analysis. Absolute configurations of the major epimers of 1a and 1a', both epimers of 1b and enantiomer 2a', were determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography, and confirmed by 2D NOESY NMR experiments in solution. Additionally, the pH-dependent stability of 2b in water was assessed by <sup>1</sup>H-NMR spectroscopy. Metal derivatives have been tested <i>in vitro</i> against three human cancer (prostate PC-3, cervical HeLa, and breast MCF-7) cell lines. The highest anticancer activities were shown by palladium compound 2a' in all cancer cells, with IC<sub>50</sub> values up to 80 times lower than those found for cisplatin. The cytotoxicity of 2a and 2a'' is stereo-dependent, with IC<sub>50</sub> values that differ significantly for each enantiomer in all the cell lines tested. The cytotoxic activity of 2a and 2a' was further evaluated against the non-tumorigenic human prostate RWPE-1 cell line, revealing a selectivity index (SI) of <i>ca.</i> 30 for derivative 2a'. DNA interactions have been investigated by equilibrium dialysis, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) DNA melting assays, and viscometric titrations, pointing to groove and/or external binding. Cell cycle assay on PC-3 cells after treatment with 2a or 2a' shows cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases, especially when the cells are treated with compound 2a'.
Impact of Hot Carriers on Dram Circuits (1987)

Hot carrier stress degradation in MOSFETs is well known but its impact on DRAM circuit functionality has not been thoroughly investigated. In this paper observed DRAM degradation with stress is related to the actual transistor level degradation. It is shown here that the transistor saturation drain current is a good monitor of the DRAM Access Time, while the Precharge Time and the Refresh Time can be related respectively to degradations in the transistor's linear drive current and the saturation region subthreshold current. As concluded in this paper, transistor parameters other than just Vt and gm need to be monitored with hot carrier stress to understand the full impact on DRAM circuit functionality.
Multi-Input Square Iterative Learning Control with Bounded Inputs (2000)

No abstract prepared.
On the Problem of Describing Activities in Context-Aware Environments (2008)

A framework is introduced that is aimed at allowing the description of real-world situations to be recognized by context-aware applications, with a...
Enhancement of open-circuit voltage in InGaP solar cells grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy (2018)

The growth of ternary InGaP alloys is often susceptible to atomic ordering, which can lead to an anomalous bandgap reduction as well as the formation of antiphase boundaries (APBs). In this study, we report on the effect of growth rate and growth temperature on the performance of lattice-matched In0.52Ga0.48P solar cells grown on GaAs(001) substrates miscut 2° toward (111)B by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy. The bandgap of the InGaP film was widened from 1.855 eV for a film grown at 480 °C and 1.0 µm/h to 1.880 eV for a film grown at 510 °C and 1.5 µm/h owing to the suppression of atomic ordering in the alloy. In terms of solar cell performance, the open-circuit voltage was improved from 1.243 to 1.311 V by increasing the growth temperature and the growth rate due to not only the widening Eg but also the improved electrical characteristics (due to the fewer APBs present). In addition, the decreased number of APBs improved the fill factor and short-circuit current density. Consequently, the highest η of 14.43% was obtained for an InGaP single-junction solar cell grown at 510 °C and 1.5 µm/h and that of 25.57% for a dual-junction InGaP/GaAs solar cell.
Integrating aptamers and microfluidics for biological manipulation and sensing (2013)

We present an overview of our efforts to integrate aptamers and microfluidic devices, including manipulation of biomolecules and cells using aptamers, and isolation of target-binding nucleic acids. The aptamer-based devices for target manipulation are capable of specific analyte extraction and enrichment as well as isocratic elution, and can be coupled to biodetection systems for highly sensitive analyte detection. The microfluidic devices for isolation of target-binding nucleic acids demonstrate the potential for integrated selection of aptamers having predefined binding characteristics against a broad spectrum of practically important biological analytes.
Improved asymptotic expansions of time domain antenna current (1991)

An improved asymptotic series for an integral representing transient current on an infinite cylindrical antenna caused by a step voltage source, applied at the gap, is given. A generating function for obtaining the general coefficient is derived. The method is applicable to types of integrals whose integrands consist of a product of a slowly varying function and a rapidly varying function. A simple accurate formula obtained before, by the averaging method, is shown to be the leading term of this infinite series. The averaging used in evaluating integrals is shown to improve the accuracy of the leading term.
Effects of Crystalline Microstructure on Oil Migration in a Semisolid Fat Matrix (2004)

Oil migration from a 60:40 (w/w) mixture of peanut oil and chemically interesterified and hydrogenated palm oil (IHPO) was a strong function of the cooling rate experienced by the fat mixture during crystallization, namely, 0.4, 1.2, and 6.0 °C/min. The relative oil loss determined gravimetrically was inversely proportional to the cooling rate. Oil loss was also inversely related to the storage modulus (G‘) and the yield force of the fat. After 1 day storage at 20 °C, the start of the oil loss studies, the composition and polymorphism of the fat crystals crystallized at different rates were similar, as judged by differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction. Crystals were in the same β‘ modification and had similar peak melting temperatures. Microstructure, on the other hand, was profoundly affected by the cooling rate: average crystal size decreased from 8.2 μm (at 0.4 °C/min) to 3.9 μm (at 6.0 °C/min). Using Darcy's Law, it was possible to calculate permeability coefficients using the structural parameters obtained in this work. Decreases in permeability coefficient as a function of increasing cooling rate were mainly related to decreases in crystal size.
Systematic trends in the superconducting properties of ion-beam thinned high-Tc films (1991)

Glancing angle ion beam milling has been used to successively thin c‐axis oriented Ba2YCu3O7 films fabricated using an in situ pulsed laser deposition process. The systematics of the thinning process are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, ion channeling by Rutherford back‐scattering spectrometry, and measurements of the resistance transitions. Comparisons are made with the results of previously published work in which ex situ annealed films, fabricated in a three‐source evaporator and having a significantly different surface morphology, were subjected to a similar thinning treatment.
Lower Ligand Denticity Leading to Improved Thermodynamic and Kinetic Stability of the Gd<sup>3+</sup> Complex: The Strange Case of OBETA (2012)

OBETA, OBETA, you bet: Thermodynamic and kinetic measurements show an apparent paradox. The stability of complexes of lanthanide trivalent ions is higher with the heptadentate ligand OBETA (ethylene glycol-bis(2-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid) than with its octadentate homologue EGTA (2,2'-oxybis(ethylamine)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid). The unusual properties of Gd(OBETA)(-) (see structure), combined with the presence of two fast exchanging coordinated water molecules, candidates this complex as an MRI contrast agent.
Supplementary Methods from An AIB1 Isoform Alters Enhancer Access and Enables Progression of Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

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MODIFIED ENDOSCOPIC CONGO RED TEST: A RAPID METHOD TO VISUALIZE GASTRIC ACID SECRETION (2003)

Background: The conventional endoscopic Congo red test (CRT) permits visualization of acid‐producing mucosa. However, the CRT has not been disseminated into clinical endoscopy, which is partly due to the substantial prolongation of the gastroscopic examination. Methods: Five healthy volunteers and 551 patients were included in a study designed to develop a more rapid approach based on the CRT. In this modified endoscopic Congo red test (MCRT), 0.2 µg/kg of pentagastrin was given intravenously to stimulate gastric acid production. The technical feasibility, tolerability, reproducibility, and inter‐ and intra‐observer reliability of the MCRT were evaluated. Results: The MCRT was as effective as the CRT (i.e. 6 µg/kg of pentagastrin was administered intramuscularly) in visualizing the extent of acid‐producing gastric mucosa. Moreover, the MCRT significantly reduced the duration of examination by 63% (almost 8 min), compared to the CRT. Conclusions: This MCRT is a simple, inexpensive, well‐tolerated and reproducible method with low inter‐ and intra‐observer variability and is well suited for endoscopy units with high workloads.
Surgical atrial septal defect closure after interventional occluder placement (2008)

A 64-year-old woman underwent residual atrial septal defect reparation (ASD) (Fig. 1).Pulmonary/systemic flow ratio was 1.5, causing dyspnea.The ASD diameter was 19 mm.Transcatheter closure was performed 8 years earlier.Conventional sternotomy was achieved, the occluder removed and surgical correction performed (Fig. 2).Followup showed no conduction abnormalities.www.
The CSPD-1 /spl gamma/-ray vision system (1996)

The CSPD-1 /spl gamma/-ray vision system has been constructed for the energy range from 100 keV up to a few MeV, which encompasses most energies of /spl gamma/-ray radiation from the radioactive nuclides of interest to nuclear facilities. The angular resolution of the system can be varied from about 7/spl deg/ down to 3/spl deg/ FWHM. The energy resolution at 662 keV is 0.8% or 8.9% FWHM depending on which of the two detectors are used. The detected spatial distribution of /spl gamma/-rays is overlayed with the video image taken from a small CCD camera mounted on the side of the collimator. This enables immediate localization of the radioactive area. Some results obtained at the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) are reported, and recommended improvements are discussed.
A computational approach to solvent selection for biphasic reaction systems (2008)

Biphasic reaction systems with a reactive and a non-reactive phase are widespread in technical applications. The non-reactive phase serves as a reservoir of dissolved substrates at high concentrations and allows for the extraction of the product during the reaction. The proper choice of the phase combination will have manifold influence on catalytic parameters such as activity, selectivity, and stability, but also on maximum conversion or yield. To optimize such biphasic reactions, conversion and yield constitute concise targets of practical relevance for a rational solvent screening which requires thermodynamic information on coupled reactions and phase equilibria as input. Usually, the experimental determination of these data requires considerable laboratory effort. To minimize the experimental effort and to enlarge the dataspace for optimization, an in silico solvent screening for maximum conversion and yield in different biphasic catalyzed reactions is evaluated. The primary target of the investigations is in biocatalytic applications as these benefit greatly from the addition of organic non-reactive media to the reactive aqueous phase. The conductor-like screening model for realistic solvation (COSMO-RS) is used for the prediction of solute partitioning between organic solvents and a reaction medium. Although the calculated results show significant absolute deviations, COSMO-RS still predicts the correct trends for the partition coefficients of solutes in different solvents. Furthermore, a combination of statistical thermodynamics and classical quantum mechanics is used for the prediction of the reaction equilibria. The calculated overall reaction equilibrium using the calculated partition coefficients and the calculated equilibrium constants again results in the prediction of the best solvent combination regarding conversion and yield. Extending the approach with numerical simulations provides a more detailed insight into the reaction system.
Improved bench-top X-ray diffractometer for crystalline phase analysis of cement (2013)

A laboratory-scale X-ray diffractometer for obtaining high X-ray intensity data was developed. The apparatus, equipped with 600 W Cu K α radiation with a Ni filter, incorporates technology that dramatically improves the quality of X-ray diffraction. The system comprises of a low-noise one-dimensional silicon strip detector, a variable slit, and a goniometer with a radius as small as 150 mm. A variable knife edge was used as a countermeasure for unwanted scattering, particularly in the low angle range. With this system, cement may be analyzed within 5 min. NIST 2686 standard reference material was analyzed using the newly developed diffractometer, and the quantitative analysis results for the major phases are in agreement with the certified values of the reference material.
Transient Behavior in Phase-Transforming Electrodes Revealed By Operando X-Ray Diffraction (2020)

Solid state phase transformation triggered by lithium insertion is ubiquitous in many commercially available battery electrodes such as LiXFePO4 (LFP), LiXCoO2 and graphite. Understanding the kinetics of phase transformation, in particular the nucleation and growth of a second phase due to the Li compositional changes is key to achieving high cycling rates in these phase separating materials. LFP is a model phase transforming material with a large miscibility gap that thermodynamically favors phase separation (segregation into Li-rich and Li-poor phases) in bulk crystals of sizes larger than 50 nm. It’s commonly accepted that phase transformation at constant current happens via two major pathways: (1) particle-by-particle transformation with a moving interface and (2) concurrent transformation, mediated by a kinetically stabilized solid solution[1-4]. However, realistic battery operation involves erratic charging and discharging behavior such as brief pulses, rests, etc, wherein our current understanding is still lacking. Primarily the relationship between particle dynamics (i.e. the solid solution fraction, active particle population) in an electrode and applied overpotential remains unclear. We herein combine operando X-ray diffraction and numerical phase field simulation to track and understand the transient response of the battery particles during non-constant current conditions. This work highlights the importance of particle dynamics for phase separating electrodes in operation and inspires general battery operating principles that prolong cycle life. References [1] Li, Yiyang, et al. Nature materials 13.12 (2014): 1149. [2] Liu, Hao, et al. Science. 344.6191 (2014): 1252817. [3] Li, Yiyang, et al. Nature materials 17.10 (2018): 915. [4] Bazant, Martin Z, et al. Acc. Chem. Res. 46.5 (2013): 1144-1160.