gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Depletion of Microglia from Primary Cellular Cultures (2013)

Primary cultures are an important in vitro tool to study cellular processes and interactions. These cultures are complex systems, composed of many cell types, including neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, NG2 cells, and endothelial cells. For some studies it is necessary to be able to study a pure culture of one cell type, or eliminate a particular cell type, to better understand its function. There exist cell culture protocols for making pure astrocyte or microglia cultures. Here we present two protocols to produce cultures depleted for microglia: in the first case, from a mixed astrocyte-microglia culture and, in the second, for eliminating microglia from neuronal cultures.
A visual mapping approach for trend identification in multi-attribute data (2007)

Abstract: Organizations and firms are increasingly capturing more data about their customers, suppliers, competitors, and business environment. Most of this data is multi-attribute (multi-dimensional) and temporal in nature. Data mining and business intelligence techniques are typically used to discover patterns in this data; however, mining meaningful temporal relationships is often difficult. We introduce a new temporal data analysis and visualization technique for representing trends in multi-attribute temporal data using a clustering-based approach. We define a new analytical construct called the temporal cluster graph which maps multi-attribute temporal data into a two-dimensional trend graph that clearly identifies trends in dominant data types over time. We also present C-TREND, a system that implements the proposed technique, and demonstrate applications of technique by analyzing the change in technical characteristics of wireless networking technologies over a six year period. 1.
FOAL: Fast Online Adaptive Learning for Cardiac Motion Estimation (2020)

Motion estimation of cardiac MRI videos is crucial for the evaluation of human heart anatomy and function. Recent researches show promising results with deep learning-based methods. In clinical deployment, however, they suffer dramatic performance drops due to mismatched distributions between training and testing datasets, commonly encountered in the clinical environment. On the other hand, it is arguably impossible to collect all representative datasets and to train a universal tracker before deployment. In this context, we proposed a novel fast online adaptive learning (FOAL) framework: an online gradient descent based optimizer that is optimized by a meta-learner. The meta-learner enables the online optimizer to perform a fast and robust adaptation. We evaluated our method through extensive experiments on two public clinical datasets. The results showed the superior performance of FOAL in accuracy compared to the offline-trained tracking method. On average, the FOAL took only $0.4$ second per video for online optimization.
Parametric Identification of the Doubly Fed Induction Machine (2012)

Wind Energy is a very promising energy for the future. It is well known that the power delivered by wind turbines directly coupled to the grid is not constant as a result of the wind variability. In the absence of storage systems, a fluctuating power supply produced, can lead to voltage variations in the grid and flicker. Another disadvantage of most induction machines utilized in the wind turbines is that the required reactive power varies with wind speed and time. These problems can make the use of double fed induction generators attractive for wind turbine applications. Doubly-fed induction machines (DFIMs) are beginning to dominate the wind generation market, particularly for the larger sizes of turbine. This work is dedicated to the identification of the parametric double-fed induction machine. We propose a model of the DFIG based on the method of vector space. This model is used to validate the experimental results of identified parameters of the machine. After considering several methods of parameter identification of induction machines, provided with the results of the experiments, we are particularly interested in standardized testing. The proposed approach allows determining the electrical parameters of the machine using conventional methods static and dynamic, mechanical parameters are estimated using a digital channel, following the curve of smoothed experimental slowdown. The identified model parameters are verified by comparing their simulated stator and rotor currents responses against the measured currents. It is again observed that the estimated model responses match the measured responses well.
Partial Variable Training for Efficient On-Device Federated Learning (2021)

This paper aims to address the major challenges of Federated Learning (FL) on edge devices: limited memory and expensive communication. We propose a novel method, called Partial Variable Training (PVT), that only trains a small subset of variables on edge devices to reduce memory usage and communication cost. With PVT, we show that network accuracy can be maintained by utilizing more local training steps and devices, which is favorable for FL involving a large population of devices. According to our experiments on two state-of-the-art neural networks for speech recognition and two different datasets, PVT can reduce memory usage by up to 1.9$\times$ and communication cost by up to 593$\times$ while attaining comparable accuracy when compared with full network training.
Development of a Molten-Salt Thermocline Thermal Storage System for Parabolic Trough Plants (2001)

Abstract Thermal storage improves the dispatchability and marketability of parabolic trough power plants allowing them to produce electricity on demand independent of solar collection. One such thermal storage system, a thermocline, uses a single tank containing a fluid with a thermal gradient running vertically through the tank, where hotter fluid (lower density) is at the top of the tank and colder fluid is at the base of the tank. The thermal gradient separates the two temperature potentials. A low-cost filler material provides the bulk of the thermal capacitance of the thermal storage, prevents convective mixing, and reduces the amount of fluid required. In this paper, development of a thermocline system that uses molten-nitrate salt as the heat transfer fluid is described and compared to a two-tank molten salt system. Results of isothermal and thermal cycling tests on candidate materials and salt safety tests are presented as well as results from a small pilot-scale (2.3 MWh) thermocline.
Feasibility of tunnel detection under rough ground surfaces using Underground Focusing Spotlight Synthetic Aperture Radar (2010)

Detecting and imaging the presence of illicit tunnels in any given volume of soil is occasionally possible because the air that fills them is materially quite different from anything else underground. The Underground Focusing Spotlight Synthetic Aperture Radar (UF-SL-SAR) concept has been suggested for sub-surface tunnel detection due to its ability to scan large areas of terrain in a short amount of time. This paper explores the feasibility of tunnel detection under rough ground surfaces using an algorithmic implementation of the UF-SL-SAR concept. In particular, detectability is investigated as a function of tunnel depth, ground surface roughness and soil type.
Blocking antibodies induced by allergen‐specific immunotherapy ameliorate allergic airway disease in a human/mouse chimeric model (2017)

Our data demonstrate that post-AIT sera with IgE-blocking activity ameliorate allergic airway inflammation in a human/mouse chimeric model of respiratory allergy independently of AIT-induced cellular changes.
Copper‐Catalyzed Aromatic Trifluoromethylation <i>via</i> Group Transfer from Fluoral Derivatives (2011)

Abstract Starting from a readily available fluoral derivative, catalytic aromatic trifluoromethylation has been successfully achieved. A small amount of copper(I) iodide‐phenanthroline complex catalyzed the cross‐coupling reactions of aryl/heteroaryl iodides with the O ‐silylated hemiaminal of fluoral (trifluoroacetaldehyde) to provide trifluoromethylated arenes in moderate to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Acyclic Tri‐ and Tetra‐C‐Substituted . alpha.‐Alkoxymethyl α,β‐Unsaturated Esters. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Improving Verb Phrase Extraction from Historical Text by use of Verb Valency Frames (2015)

In this paper we explore the idea of using verb valency information to improve verb phrase extraction from historical text.As a case study, we perform experiments on Early Modern Swedish data, but the approach could easily be transferred to other languages and/or time periods as well.We show that by using verb valency information in a post-processing step to the verb phrase extraction system, it is possible to remove improbable complements extracted by the parser and insert probable complements not extracted by the parser, leading to an increase in both precision and recall for the extracted complements.
Status of branched endovascular aortic arch repair (2018)

Multiple medical device manufacturers are developing branched endografts for thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR), to provide a minimally invasive alternative for the treatment of aortic arch pathologies in patients who are deemed unfit for open or hybrid arch repair. Different branched endografts have been introduced, with varying number, size and orientation of the branches that redirect flow to the supra-aortic arteries. We present an overview of the currently investigated devices and review their outcomes. The results of branched TEVAR are promising, yet stroke remains the predominant periprocedural concern. For now, these procedures should be limited to select expert centers where the design and deployment procedure of branched endografts can be further developed to reduce the risk of stroke.
Infrared spectroscopy as a screening technique for colitis (2017)

There remains a great need for diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), for which the current technique, colonoscopy, is not cost-effective and presents a non-negligible risk for complications. Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy is a new screening technique to evaluate colitis. Comparing infrared spectra of sera to study the differences between them can prove challenging due to the complexity of its biological constituents giving rise to a plethora of vibrational modes. Overcoming these inherent infrared spectral analysis difficulties involving highly overlapping absorbance peaks and the analysis of the data by curve fitting to improve the resolution is discussed. The proposed technique uses colitic and normal wild type mice dried serum to obtain ATR/FTIR spectra to effectively differentiate colitic mice from normal mice. Using this method, Amide I group frequency (specifically, alpha helix to beta sheet ratio of the protein secondary structure) was identified as disease associated spectral signature in addition to the previously reported glucose and mannose signatures in sera of chronic and acute mice models of colitis. Hence, this technique will be able to identify changes in the sera due to various diseases.
High Temperature Mechanical Testing Facilities (1988)

Abstract : The mechanical testing facilities at the University of California, Davis have been upgraded through the purchase of a servohydraulic testing machine, a high temperature high vacuum creep machine, an ion beam milling system for TEM specimen preparation and a computer-based acquisition system. This equipment is being used to study the basic relationships between microstructure and mechanical properties in high temperature structural materials. This document describes the acquired equipment. Keywords: Mechanical testing; Structural materials; Ion milling; Servohydraulic system; Computer-based data acquisition; Creep testing; Alloys; Test equipment.
Formulating Sag-Resistant, Low-Gravity Solids-Free Invert Emulsion Fluids (2013)

Abstract Invert-emulsion fluid (IEF) systems formulated without organophilic clay have successfully addressed issues of barite sag and reservoir productivity. While ‘clay-free’ IEFs provide robust properties, additional materials in the form of low-gravity solids (LGS), like sized calcium carbonate or clay-type materials are required to bolster the rheological properties and suspension character of the system. This increases the plastic viscosity of the fluid, thereby resulting in a lower rate of penetration (ROP) and higher equivalent circulating densities (ECD). In the absence of LGS, the loss of suspension, especially in an inclined well, can lead to sag and cause a density gradient along the fluid column that may fracture the formation. This paper presents a solution towards sag in an IEF that is free of LGS viz. fine sized calcium carbonate or clay-type material, and is formulated with a novel sag control additive to suspend barite. The additive was shown to prevent sag in 9-ppg, 12-ppg, and 16-ppg clay-free IEFs in a static-aging cell held vertical at 90° and then inclined at 45°. The additive provided sag control in different base oils with less than 5-mL oil separation. Extended sag testing with the sag-control additive at 250°F for 24 hours and at 150°F for 60 hours gave minimal oil separation and no barite sag. High temperature-high pressure (HTHP) testing on 9-ppg and 12-ppg demonstrates a flat rheological profile in the presence of this additive. Contamination testing of IEFs containing this additive shows that the suspension characteristics remain unaffected and the mud properties are tolerant to the presence of contaminants. The additive is North Sea compliant with a biodegradability of 71.4% in 42 days and LC50 of &amp;gt;10 g/mL for aquatic organisms. Experimental data demonstrating both the environmental and anti-sag performance of the novel sag control agent is presented and compared to fluids without the sag control agent.
Investigation of ramped voltage stress to screen defective magnetic tunnel junctions (2017)

A ramped voltage stress (RVS) method to screen defective magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) is investigated in order to improve screen accuracy and shorten test time. Approximately 1500 MTJs with 1.25 nm thick tunnel barriers were fabricated for this evaluation, and normal MTJs show a 189% tunnel magnetoresistance ratio, a 365 Ω μm2 resistance-area product, and a 1.8 V breakdown voltage, which is enough for applying reliable screen tests. We successfully classified MTJs as normal MTJs having good characteristics or defective MTJs having insufficient endurance and showing resistance degradation after only short-term cycling. Using the RVS screen test with low ramp speed, it is demonstrated that remarkable screening performance and little dependence on temperature are obtained for short test time.
Mechanisms of Supralinearity in Lithium Fluoride Thermoluminescence Dosemeters (1989)

Journal Article Mechanisms of Supralinearity in Lithium Fluoride Thermoluminescence Dosemeters Get access E.F. Mische, E.F. Mische Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S.W.S. McKeever S.W.S. McKeever Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Volume 29, Issue 3, 1 November 1989, Pages 159–175, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a080548 Published: 01 November 1989
Pre-training for low resource speech-to-intent applications (2021)

Designing a speech-to-intent (S2I) agent which maps the users' spoken commands to the agents' desired task actions can be challenging due to the diverse grammatical and lexical preference of different users. As a remedy, we discuss a user-taught S2I system in this paper. The user-taught system learns from scratch from the users' spoken input with action demonstration, which ensure it is fully matched to the users' way of formulating intents and their articulation habits. The main issue is the scarce training data due to the user effort involved. Existing state-of-art approaches in this setting are based on non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and capsule networks. In this paper we combine the encoder of an end-to-end ASR system with the prior NMF/capsule network-based user-taught decoder, and investigate whether pre-training methodology can reduce training data requirements for the NMF and capsule network. Experimental results show the pre-trained ASR-NMF framework significantly outperforms other models, and also, we discuss limitations of pre-training with different types of command-and-control(C&amp;C) applications.
Quantum Dot Behavior in Bilayer Graphene Nanoribbons (2011)

Bilayer graphene has recently earned great attention for its unique electronic properties and commendable use in electronic applications. Here, we report the observation of quantum dot (QD) behaviors in bilayer graphene nanoribbons (BL-GNRs). The periodic Coulomb oscillations indicate the formation of a single quantum dot within the BL-GNR because of the broad distribution function of the carrier concentration fluctuation at the charge neutrality point. The size of the QD changes as we modulate the relative position between the Fermi level and surface potential. Furthermore, the potential barriers forming the QD remain stable at elevated temperatures and external bias. In combination with the observation of transport gaps, our results suggest that the disordered surface potential creates QDs along the ribbon and governs the electronic transport properties in BL-GNRs.
"Shared joy is double joy" (2013)

Group shopping sites are beginning to rise in popularity amongst eCommerce users. Yet we do not know how or why people are using such sites, and whether or not the design of group shopping sites map to the real shopping needs of end users. To address this, we describe an interview study that investigates the friendship networks of people who participate in group shopping sites (e.g., Groupon) with the goal of understanding how to best design for these experiences. Our results show that group shopping sites are predominently used to support social activities; that is, users do not use them first and foremost to find 'deals'. Instead, group shopping sites are used for planning group activities, extending and building friendships, and constructing one's social identity. Based on these findings, we suggest improved social network integration and impression management tools to improve user experience within group shopping sites.
Strand-specific deep sequencing of the transcriptome (2010)

Several studies support that antisense-mediated regulation may affect a large proportion of genes. Using the Illumina next-generation sequencing platform, we developed DSSS (direct strand specific sequencing), a strand-specific protocol for transcriptome sequencing. We tested DSSS with RNA from two samples, prokaryotic (Mycoplasma pneumoniae) as well as eukaryotic (Mus musculus), and obtained data containing strand-specific information, using single-read and paired-end sequencing. We validated our results by comparison with a strand-specific tiling array data set for strain M129 of the simple prokaryote M. pneumoniae, and by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The results of DSSS were very well supported by the results from tiling arrays and qPCR. Moreover, DSSS provided higher dynamic range and single-base resolution, thus enabling efficient antisense detection and the precise mapping of transcription start sites and untranslated regions. DSSS data for mouse confirmed strand specificity of the protocol and the general applicability of the approach to studying eukaryotic transcription. We propose DSSS as a simple and efficient strategy for strand-specific transcriptome sequencing and as a tool for genome annotation exploiting the increased read lengths that next-generation sequencing technology now is capable to deliver.
A phase I trial of pembrolizumab with hypofractionated radiotherapy in patients with metastatic solid tumours (2018)

NCT02303990 ( www.clinicaltrials.gov ).
Inhibition of CD10/neutral endopeptidase 24.11 promotes B-cell reconstitution and maturation in vivo. (1993)

The common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen [(CALLA) CD10, neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP)] is a cell-surface zinc metalloprotease expressed by a subpopulation of early murine B-lymphoid progenitors and by bone marrow stromal cells that support the earliest stages of B lymphopoiesis. In previous in vitro studies in which uncommitted murine hematopoietic progenitors plated on a stromal cell layer differentiate into immature B cells, the inhibition of CD10/NEP increased early lymphoid colony numbers. To further characterize CD10/NEP function during lymphoid ontogeny in vivo, we utilized a Ly5 congenic mouse model in which the lymphoid differentiation of uncommitted hematopoietic progenitors from Ly5.1 donors was followed in sublethally irradiated Ly5.2 recipients treated with a specific long-acting CD10/NEP inhibitor (N-[L-(1-carboxy-2-phenyl)ethyl]-L-phenylalanyl-beta- alanine (SCH32615)). The expression of Ly5.1, B220, and surface IgM (sIgM) was utilized to characterize donor-derived hematopoietic cells (Ly5.1+), B lymphocytes (B220+), and mature B cells (B220+ sIgM+) from the lymphoid organs of recipient animals treated with SCH32615 or vehicle alone. SCH32615-treated animals had higher percentages of Ly5.1+ donor splenocytes than animals treated with vehicle alone (16.9% vs. 10.4%, 63% increase, P = 0.013). Animals treated with the CD10/NEP inhibitor also had relatively more Ly5.1+ splenic B (B220+) cells than vehicle-treated animals (14.4% vs. 8.2%, 75% increase, P = 0.018). To more specifically characterize the effects of CD10/NEP inhibition on B-cell differentiation, Ly5.1+ splenocytes from animals treated with SCH32615 or vehicle alone were analyzed for coexpression of B220 and sIgM. Animals treated with the CD10/NEP inhibitor had a significantly higher percentage of mature donor B cells (Ly5.1+ B220+ sIgM+, 10.2% vs. 5.2%, 90% increase, P = 0.006) and a more modest relative increase in immature donor B cells (Ly5.1+ B220+ sIgM-, 4.7% vs. 3.4%, 38% increase, P = not significant). Taken together, these results suggest that CD10/NEP inhibition promotes the reconstitution and maturation of splenic B cells. Therefore, CD10/NEP may function to regulate B-cell ontogeny in vivo by hydrolyzing a peptide substrate that stimulates B-cell proliferation and/or differentiation.
Crianza y Castigo Fisico (2006)

El castigo ha sido un metodo de control para disciplinar a los ninos empleado no solo por padres de familia sino tambien por profesores y otras personas cercanas a estos. Sin embargo, el hecho de que sea un metodo extensamente difundido, no significa, necesariamente, que sea aceptado por todos, especialmente por las consecuencias no siempre favorables en la vida de los ninos. El articulo presenta una revision de estudios que demuestran estas implicaciones negativas en el desarrollo de los ninos.
Low-Resistive Ohmic Contacts for AlGaN Channel High-Electron-Mobility Transistors Using Zr/Al/Mo/Au Metal Stack (2011)

An AlxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) with AlGaN as a channel layer has been fabricated on a sapphire substrate for high-output-power and high-frequency electronic applications. One of the key process steps for the AlGaN-channel HEMT is to ensure low resistivity for source/drain ohmic contacts. In this work, the electrical characteristics of Zr/Al/Mo/Au ohmic contacts for AlGaN-channel HEMTs were investigated at annealing temperatures from 850 to 1000 °C. An AlGaN-channel HEMT was fabricated with Al contents of 0.3 and 0.55 for the channel and barrier layer, respectively. A minimum ohmic contact resistivity of 2.6×10-4 Ω cm2 was achieved for the Al0.55Ga0.45N/Al0.3Ga0.7N heterostructure after annealing at 950 °C.