gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flowering dynamics and crossability of different populations of bitter fennel (&lt;i&gt;Foeniculum vulgare&lt;/i&gt; Mill. var. &lt;i&gt;vulgare&lt;/i&gt;, Apiaceae) (2008)

Bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. var. vulgare, Apiaceae) is a hemicryptophyte native to the Mediterranean basin and cultivated for its use as a medicinal and spice. We describe here the flowering dynamics and crossability among six native populations of bitter fennel collected from four localities in Israel, one from Sinai Desert (Egypt), and one from Mersin (Turkey) and grown from under agricultural conditions. Timing and duration of the stigma's receptivity were evaluated morphologically, enzymatically, and by determining fruit set in response to artificial pollination. Self-compatibility rates and crossability within and between populations were also determined in response to artificial pollination. Although the populations initiated flowering at different times through the season, in all cases the stigma's receptivity peaked between six and eight days after anthesis (yellow-bud stage) and lasted for seven days. Pollen can primarily germinate on the stigmata but the stylopodium serves too as a s...
Flexible metal grating based optical fiber probe for photonic integrated circuits (2008)

An optical probe for photonic integrated circuits is proposed and demonstrated. The device is based on a single-mode fiber containing a subwavelength period metal grating on the facet. When approaching an integrated waveguide, light can be efficiently coupled between probe and waveguide without the need for integrated coupling structures, paving the way for wafer-scale circuit testing. A nanoimprint-and-transfer process were developed for fabricating this probe in a single step. We report 15% coupling efficiency between a gold grating fiber probe and a 220nm×3μm silicon-on-insulator waveguide and demonstrate testing of an integrated microring resonator using two probes.
Appraising the Performance of Cyclic Production Scheme through Reservoir Simulation, a Case Study (2012)

Abstract Oil wells in mature fields with strong aquifer influx and the first row of producers near peripheral water injectors experience very high water cuts (above 80%), which cause lower oil production and increasing disposal costs. To mitigate this situation, various production strategies have been implemented in this simulation study to reduce water production, optimize oil production and revive dead wells. One strategy is to implement a cyclic production scheme (CPS). The CPS requires alternate shutting and flowing of wells with high water cuts over predetermined time cycles. The main objectives of the cyclic strategy is to reduce water production by optimizing oil production, minimizing coning effect and having a better control of the uniform waterflood front to the up-dip producers. This strategy enhances the sweep efficiency, improving pressure maintenance and minimizing water production. This simulation study assesses the effectiveness and the performance of CPS implemented in a reservoir simulation model of a mature oil field. Simulation runs with several scenarios were conducted to understand and optimize the impact of CPS. The simulation results provided the best cyclic production/shut-in period and showed significant advantages of applying CPS over the regular noncyclic production in all scenarios. In this study, more than 93 wells have been evaluated and most of these wells showed good overall oil recovery after applying the CPS strategy.
Next-generation sequencing mutational analysis of triple-negative breast cancer patients from matched FFPE and fresh frozen samples. (2012)

1058 Background: TNBC is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer accounting for 10-15% of all cases. TNBC tumors (ER-/PR-/HER-) are more common in patients with BRCA mutations. BRCA mutations leading to homologous DNA repair deficient tumors enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors. BRCA mutations have been identified in 20% of patients without family history. Identification of germline and somatic BRCA mutations in unselected patients could increase the number of patients who benefit from these therapies. Determining BRCA mutational status from FFPE and fresh frozen specimens may enable clinical studies in these patient populations.We describe the development of an NGS BRCA mutational assay compatible with FFPE and fresh frozen samples using tumor/adjacent normal matched tissues. Methods: Matched samples were purchased from Cureline. gDNA was isolated by lysis/column purification (Qiagen) and enriched for BRCA exons/flanking regions (Halogenomics Selector). Fragment libraries were constructed (Ion Torrent frag express) and prepared for sequencing by emPCR (Ion Torrent Template Xpress). Libraries were sequenced for 65 cycles (Ion Torrent PGM) yielding 2-4M reads/sample. Variants were called from tMAP aligned reads by GATK and VarScan. Overlapped exonic variants were filtered by p-value (&lt;0.0001) from VarScan. Results: In the first patient set normalized average depth of BRCA exon coverage was 64X and 72X per 150K reads in FFPE and fresh frozen tissues respectively covering 95-100% of target. hg19 alignment rates varied between 97-99% across all samples. Similar numbers of variants were called in both FFPE (12) vs. fresh frozen (13) with a corresponding mean duplicate removed depth of coverage of 23.3X and 42.4X at the called positions. 10/13 calls in fresh frozen overlapped with those in FFPE. A tumor specific somatic frameshift insertion in BRCA2 was detected in both FFPE and fresh frozen tissues. Conclusions: Results indicate that NGS mediated BRCA mutational analysis demonstrates equivalent utility in both FFPE and fresh frozen tumor samples although more sequencing reads are required to produce equivalent depth of coverage starting from FFPE samples.
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies for the female breast (2019)

The complexity of mammary tissue and the variety of cells involved make tissue regeneration an ambitious goal. This review, supported by both detailed macro and micro anatomy, illustrates the potential of regenerative medicine in terms of mammary gland reconstruction to restore breast physiology and morphology, damaged by mastectomy. Despite the widespread use of conventional therapies, many critical issues have been solved using the potential of stem cells resident in adipose tissue, leading to commercial products. in vitro research has reported that adipose stem cells are the principal cellular source for reconstructing adipose tissue, ductal epithelium, and nipple structures. In addition to simple cell injection, construct made by cells seeded on a suitable biodegradable scaffold is a viable alternative from a long-term perspective. Preclinical studies on mice and clinical studies, most of which have reached Phase II, are essential in the commercialization of cellular therapy products. Recent studies have revealed that the enrichment of fat grafting with stromal vascular fraction cells is a viable alternative to breast reconstruction. Although in the future, organ-on-a-chip can be envisioned, for the moment researchers are still focusing on therapies that are a long way from regenerating the whole organ, but which nevertheless prevent complications, such as relapse and loss in terms of morphology.
Coherent full polarization control based on bound states in the continuum (2022)

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) are resonant modes of open structures that do not suffer damping, despite being compatible with radiation in terms of their momentum. They have been raising significant attention for their intriguing topological features, and their opportunities in photonics to enhance light-matter interactions. In parallel, the coherent excitation of optical devices through the tailored interference of multiple beams has been explored as a way to enhance the degree of real-time control over their response. Here, we leverage the combination of these phenomena, and exploit the topological features of BICs in the presence of multiple input beams to enable full polarization control on the entire Poincaré sphere in a photonic crystal slab only supporting a symmetry-protected BIC, experimentally demonstrating highly efficient polarization conversion controlled in real time through the superposition of coherent excitations. Our findings open exciting opportunities for a variety of photonic and quantum optics applications, benefitting from extreme wave interactions and topological features around BICs combined with optical control through coherent interference of multiple excitations.
Interactive lung oncology education using a PC-based PET/CT work station simulator (2008)

Surface and cytoplasmic antigens in retinoblastoma were examined by antisera prepared against two tissue-cultured retinoblastoma cell lines. In addition, several other antisera, including anti-rhodopsin, anti-rod outer segment, anti-large-molecular-weight protein, anti-S, and anti-P antigen, were also utilized in a complement-dependent cytotoxicity assay in order to explore the tumor cell surface. Antisera to tissue-cultured retinoblastoma cell lines were cross-reactive to both cell lines as was rod outer segment antiserum.
ChemInform Abstract: Particles for Magnetic Recording (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Investigating carbohydrate isomers by IMS-CID-IMS-MS: precursor and fragment ion cross-sections (2015)

Ion mobility spectrometry techniques (IMS and IMS-IMS) combined with collision-induced dissociation (CID) and mass spectrometry (MS) are used to investigate the structures of singly-lithiated carbohydrate isomers. With the exception of some favorable cases, IMS-MS analyses of underivatized carbohydrates reveal that most isobaric precursor ions have similar collision cross sections (ccs). In contrast, ccs values for isomeric fragment ions obtained by IMS-CID-IMS-MS analysis are often different, and thus appear to be useful as a means of distinguishing the isomeric precursors. We report values of ccs (in He) for precursor- and associated-fragment ions for three monosaccharide isomers (glucose, galactose and fructose), ten disaccharide isomers (sucrose, leucrose, palatinose, trehalose, cellobiose, β-gentiobiose, isomaltose, maltose, lactose and melibiose), and three trisaccharide isomers (raffinose, melezitose and maltotriose). These values are discussed as a means of differentiating precursor carbohydrates.
516 Study of Rotor Vibration due to the Rubbing against Casing (2004)

With rapid advances of rotating machinery, in order to increase the machines performances the radial clearance between rotor and casing became smaller and smaller. As a result, contact vibration accidentally occurred in the rotating machinery due to rubbing. Especially in the case of high-speed domain, various kinds of contact vibration occurred, such as "collision type synchronous vibration", "sub-harmonic vibration", etc. In this study, it investigated what influence the offset of rotor and casing position would have on generating of sub-harmonic vibration, analytically and experimentally.
Modeling Pitch Perception With an Active Auditory Model Extended by Octopus Cells (2018)

Pitch is an essential category for musical sensations. Models of pitch perception are vividly discussed up to date. Most of them rely on definitions of mathematical methods in the spectral or temporal domain. Our proposed pitch perception model is composed of an active auditory model extended by octopus cells. The active auditory model is the same as used in the Stimulation based on Auditory Modeling (SAM), a successful cochlear implant sound processing strategy extended here by modeling the functional behavior of the octopus cells in the ventral cochlear nucleus and by modeling their connections to the auditory nerve fibers (ANFs). The neurophysiological parameterization of the extended model is fully described in the time domain. The model is based on latency-phase en- and decoding as octopus cells are latency-phase rectifiers in their local receptive fields. Pitch is ubiquitously represented by cascaded firing sweeps of octopus cells. Based on the firing patterns of octopus cells, inter-spike interval histograms can be aggregated, in which the place of the global maximum is assumed to encode the pitch.
Einfache Synthese der Enantiomere von <i>myo</i>‐Inosit‐1,3,4,5‐tetrakisphosphat durch direkte chirale Desymmetrisierung von <i>myo</i>‐Inositorthoformiat (1997)

Nach wie vor rätselhaft ist die Funktion von D‐ myo ‐Inosit‐1,3,4,5‐tetrakisphosphat 1 , einem potentiellen intrazellulären Botenstoff. Mit einer neuen Synthesestrategie ist reines 1 unter einem minimalen Einsatz an Schutzgruppen direkt zugänglich, wobei die erhaltenen Mengen für kristallographische und NMR‐spektroskopische Untersuchungen der Wechselwirkungen zwischen 1 und kürzlich entdeckten Ins(1,3,4,5) P 4 ‐Rezeptoren ausreichen; darüber hinaus ist das weniger bekannte L‐Enantiomer erhältlich, das bei Untersuchungen der Struktur‐Wirkungs‐Beziehung als Kontrollsubstanz unentbehrlich ist. magnified image
Image Mosaicing Using Binary Edge Detection (2014)

Image mosaicing (panoramic imaging) is a key concept in image processing field. Essentially, it works by combining two or more images by stitching them together so that they look as one image. The main issue in image mosaicing is the alignment between the corresponding points so that overlapping regions between combined images are not repeated. The aim of images mosaicing research is concentrated on solving problems arising through different image mosaicing techniques. In this paper, a new technique that uses the edge profile of images to determine the corresponding points, then the overlapping region and the connecting curve which will stitch the two images to create the resulting mosaic image is determined. The approach is simple and easy to implement but still delivers promising results.
Tyrosine kinase Eph receptor A6 sensitizes glioma‐initiating cells towards bone morphogenetic protein‐induced apoptosis (2019)

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling plays important roles in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a lethal form of brain tumor. BMP reduces GBM tumorigenicity through its differentiation- and apoptosis-inducing effects on glioma-initiating cells (GIC). However, some GIC do not respond to the tumor suppressive effects of BMP. Using a phosphoreceptor tyrosine kinase array, we found that EPHA6 (erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor A6) phosphorylation was regulated by BMP-2 signaling in some GIC. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas showed that EPHA6 expression was lower in patients with GBM than in the normal brain, and that high EPHA6 expression was correlated with better prognosis. EPHA6 receptor increased the susceptibility of both sensitive and resistant GIC to BMP-2-induced apoptosis. The cooperative effect on apoptosis induction depended on the kinase activity of BMP type I receptor but was independent of EPHA6 kinase function. Overexpression of the EPHA6 receptor in GIC resulted in the formation of a protein complex of EPHA6 receptor and the BMP type I receptor ALK-2, which was associated with BMP-induced apoptosis in GIC. Intracranial injection of GIC into nude mice showed that gain-of-function of EPHA6 together with BMP-2 pretreatment slowed GBM tumor progression in the mouse brain and promoted mouse survival. In summary, EPHA6 together with BMP-2 signaling led to apoptotic cell death in GIC, and thus is a putative tumor suppressor in GBM.
Phospholipid flippases enable precursor B cells to flee engulfment by macrophages (2018)

ATP11A and ATP11C, members of the P4-ATPases, are flippases that translocate phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) from the outer to inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. Using the W3 T lymphoma cell line, we found that Ca<sup>2+</sup> ionophore-induced phospholipid scrambling caused prolonged PtdSer exposure in cells lacking both the <i>ATP11A</i> and <i>ATP11C</i> genes. <i>ATP11C</i>-null (<i>ATP11C</i><sup><i>-/y</i></sup> ) mutant mice exhibit severe B-cell deficiency. In wild-type mice, ATP11C was expressed at all B-cell developmental stages, while ATP11A was not expressed after pro-B-cell stages, indicating that <i>ATP11C</i><sup><i>-/y</i></sup> early B-cell progenitors lacked plasma membrane flippases. The receptor kinases MerTK and Axl are known to be essential for the PtdSer-mediated engulfment of apoptotic cells by macrophages. <i>MerTK</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> and <i>Axl</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> double deficiency fully rescued the lymphopenia in the <i>ATP11C</i><sup><i>-/y</i></sup> bone marrow. Many of the rescued <i>ATP11C</i><sup><i>-/y</i></sup> pre-B and immature B cells exposed PtdSer, and these cells were engulfed alive by wild-type peritoneal macrophages, in a PtdSer-dependent manner. These results indicate that ATP11A and ATP11C in precursor B cells are essential for rapidly internalizing PtdSer from the cell surface to prevent the cells' engulfment by macrophages.
An apple a day to prevent cancer formation: Reducing cancer risk with flavonoids (2016)

The purpose of this review is to update and discuss key findings from in vitro and in vivo studies on apple and its biocompounds, with a special focus on its anticancer role. Several studies have proposed that apple and its extracts exhibit a variety of biological functions that may contribute to health benefits including beneficial effects against chronic heart and vascular disorders, respiratory and pulmonary dysfunction, diabetes, obesity, and cancer. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanism(s) of various components in apple, as established in previous studies that indicated their growth-inhibitory effects in various cancer cell types. Moreover, an attempt is made to delineate the direction of future studies that could lead to the development of apple components as a potent chemopreventive/chemotherapeutic agent against cancer.
A Compensation Method for Setting Misalignment Error in Gyroscope Deterministic Error Estimation Test (2006)

The gyroscope deterministic error can be estimated through laboratory test using rate table. However, the setting misalignment, if exists, degrade the estimation accuracy severely. To solve this problem, for the simple error model which contains sensor misalignment and bias, a setting misalignment error compensation method is proposed in this paper. This method based on the fact that the setting misalignment can be represented by Euler angle: roll, pitch, and yaw angles. The identification of the three angles is performed step by step. For each pitch and yaw angle, we use the fact that the one specific element of misalignment matrix multiplied by roll matrix is exactly 1 and find pitch and yaw angle which make the estimate of the specific element closely 1. Next, we estimate roll angle with the same procedure. Finally, we estimate the sensor misalignment matrix using the estimated Euler angles. Thorough simulation, the proposed method is verified
Archaeology oriented optical acquisitions through MARTA AUV during ARROWS European project demonstration (2016)

The three-years European FP7 ARROWS project (ARchaeological RObot systems for the World's Seas) concluded at the end of August 2015. A heterogeneous team of cooperating AUVs has been created in the framework of ARROWS: these are both new prototypes and well known commercial vehicles. In the paper MARTA modular AUV is described: MARTA is a new prototype specifically designed during the project. Its navigation and payload capabilities are discussed and some of the results, mainly optical acquisitions for the archaeologists, reached during the first official demo of the ARROWS European project (Sicily, Italy, May and June 2015) are reported and commented.
Multi-spectral Pedestrian Detection via Image Fusion and Deep Neural Networks (2018)

The use of multi-spectral imaging has been found to improve the accuracy of deep neural network-based pedestrian detection systems, particularly in challenging night time conditions in which pedestrians are more clearly visible in thermal long-wave infrared bands than in plain RGB. In this article, the authors use the Spectral Edge image fusion method to fuse visible RGB and IR imagery, prior to processing using a neural network-based pedestrian detection system. The use of image fusion permits the use of a standard RGB object detection network without requiring the architectural modifications that are required to handle multi-spectral input. We contrast the performance of networks trained using fused images to those that use plain RGB images and networks that use a multi-spectral input.
Oligo(<i>p</i>‐phenylene‐ethynylene)‐Derived Super‐π‐Gelators with Tunable Emission and Self‐Assembled Polymorphic Structures (2012)

Linear π-conjugated oligomers are known to form organogels through noncovalent interactions. Herein, we report the effect of π-repeat units on the gelation and morphological properties of three different oligo(p-phenylene-ethynylene)s: OPE3, OPE5, and OPE7. All of these molecules form fluorescent gels in nonpolar solvents at low critical gel concentrations, thereby resulting in a blue gel for OPE3, a green gel for OPE5, and a greenish yellow gel for OPE7. The molecule-molecule and molecule-substrate interactions in these OPEs are strongly influenced by the conjugation length of the molecules. Silicon wafer suppresses substrate-molecule interactions whereas a mica surface facilitates such interactions. At lower concentrations, OPE3 formed vesicular assemblies and OPE5 gave entangled fibers, whereas OPE7 resulted in spiral assemblies on a mica surface. At higher concentrations, OPE3 and OPE5 resulted in super-bundles of fibers and flowerlike short-fiber agglomerates when different conditions were applied. The number of polymorphic structures increases on increasing the conjugation length, as seen in the case of OPE7 with n=5, which resulted in a variety of exotic structures, the formation of which could be controlled by varying the substrate, concentration, and humidity.
In Vitro Evaluation of HPMA-Copolymers Targeted to HER2 Expressing Pancreatic Tumor Cells for Image Guided Drug Delivery (2013)

Personalized medicine for the treatment of pancreatic cancer is one potential avenue which can prevent the dire outcome of this difficult to treat disease. Image guided drug delivery (IGDD) is a method allowing real-time imaging of drug therapy in order to predict the potential efficacy and safety of a given treatment. Water soluble macromolecular drug carriers such as N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymers provide multifunctional platforms for the construction of such IGDD systems. HPMA copolymer conjugates containing gemcitabine, a targeting ligand for HER2 receptors overexpressed in some pancreatic cancers, and an (111) In(3+) chelating agent are synthesized, characterized, and evaluated in vitro for their potential use as an IGDD system for pancreatic tumors. The conjugates are capable of binding to pancreatic tumor cell lines which express HER2. In vitro drug release is achieved under physiological and acidic pH environments. The chelated radioisotopes are stable in the presence of mouse serum. The conjugates are effective in killing pancreatic tumor cell lines in vitro. These copolymers have potential for further preclinical evaluation in pancreatic tumor models.
Super‐reflective color LCD with PDLC technology (2007)

Abstract— A novel reflective color LCD without polarizers has been developed using a PDLC film and a retro‐reflector. Bright color images including moving images are achievable with ambient light. This novel LCD will enable the new application area of electronic paper.