gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Directional Radio Propagation Path Loss Models for Millimeter-Wave Wireless Networks in the 28-, 60-, and 73-GHz Bands (2020)

Fifth-generation (5G) cellular systems are likely to operate in the centimeter-wave (3-30 GHz) and millimeter-wave (30-300 GHz) frequency bands, where a vast amount of underutilized bandwidth exists world-wide. To assist in the research and development of these emerging wireless systems, a myriad of measurement studies have been conducted to characterize path loss in urban environments at these frequencies. The standard theoretical free space (FS) and Stanford University Interim (SUI) empirical path loss models were recently modified to fit path loss models obtained from measurements performed at 28 GHz and 38 GHz, using simple correction factors. In this paper, we provide similar correction factors for models at 60 GHz and 73 GHz. By imparting slope correction factors on the FS and SUI path loss models to closely match the close-in (CI) free space reference distance path loss models, millimeter-wave path loss can be accurately estimated (with popular models) for 5G cellular planning at 60 GHz and 73 GHz. Additionally, new millimeter-wave beam combining path loss models are provided at 28 GHz and 73 GHz by considering the simultaneous combination of signals from multiple antenna pointing directions between the transmitter and receiver that result in the strongest received power. Such directional channel models are important for future adaptive array systems at millimeter-wave frequencies.
Les transports en commun à Madrid: un système intégré pour le développement durable. (2014)

Le grand Madrid se presente comme l’une des quelques grandes metropoles europeennes ou la mobilite globale en transports publics depasse celle en voiture particuliere, avec une repartition des deplacements motorises a 54% en transports publics et 46% en vehicules prives (CRTM, 2006). Dans la seule ville de Madrid, la repartition est encore plus favorable aux transports publics, qui atteignent 61% de tous les voyages motorises. Cette situation a ete favorisee par la creation du Consortium regional des transports de Madrid (CRTM) en 1986 en tant qu’autorite unique de transport public, dont les competences s’etendent a Madrid et aux municipalites qui y adherent volontairement. La crise economique qui a atteint l’Espagne en 2008 a cependant fortement affecte la mobilite des habitants et donc la demande pour les transports publics. Entre 2007 et 2012 le nombre de deplacements en transports publics a baisse de 12,2%, ce qui reflete la baisse du PIB par habitant (-11,7%). Malgre cette situation tres defavorable, la CRTM a pris, pour les transports en commun, des decisions qui visent a faire mieux avec moins, sans pour autant negliger les aspects lies a la qualite des transports, meme si celle-ci pâtit d’une inevitable reduction des frequences horaires
Molecular epidemiology of MRSA in 13 ICUs from eight European countries (2015)

The molecular epidemiology of MRSA in 13 European ICUs in eight countries was homogeneous within, but heterogeneous between, countries. CA-MRSA and LA-MRSA genotypes and Panton-Valentine leucocidin-producing isolates were detected sporadically.
Neutron-induced prompt gamma-ray analysis of standard reference materials of international atomic energy agency and tannery sediment of Bangladesh (2020)

The aim of this study is to determine the multi-elements in International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) standard reference material and tannery sediment of Bangladesh, non-destructively with high accuracy. To achieve this goal, neutron-induced prompt gamma-ray analysis (PGA) was applied to the samples. Elemental concentrations in all samples were calculated using comparison method. This work shows that multi-elements (B, Al, Si, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Sm and Gd) in IAEA standard reference material (IAEA-SRM-Soil-7) was easily and promptly determined by PGA with high accuracy(±10% in most elements). This study presents that the elements B and Si are determined non-destructively only by PGA. In the present research, the concentration of Cr in the tannery sediment was found (1.45±0.04) % and it is very consistent (within 5.2%) with the instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) value. This study reveals that PGA is a suitable method for rapid identification of the environmental pollution problem due to higher levels of Cr arises from tannery industries as well as other sources of Bangladesh. Finally, it is concluded that PGA is the best choice for multi-elements determinations in environmental samples.
On Using Lossy Compression for Repeatable Experiments during Silicon Debug (2010)

The amount of data that is observed during at-speed silicon debug is limited by the capacity of the on-chip trace buffers. To increase the debug observation window, we propose a low-cost debug architecture for at-speed silicon debug based on lossy compression. The proposed architecture enables a new debug methodology that accelerates the identification of the erroneous samples that occur intermittently over a long observation window by avoiding debug experiments that capture only error-free data. The proposed solution is applicable to both automatic test equipment-based debug and in-field debug on application boards, as long as the debug experiments are repeatable and the reference data at the probe signals are deterministically computed using a fast behavioral model of the circuit under debug.
Printed image watermarking using direct binary search halftoning (2016)

A novel framework using direct binary search (DBS) is proposed for printed image watermarking. Watermarks are embedded in the halftone by forcing pairs of pixels to be positively or negatively correlated, halftone image quality and watermark detection are two goals to be jointly maximized, and a modified toggle and swap strategy of DBS is employed to find the optimal halftone. Experiment results are presented for watermark rate (WMR) equal to 4.62%, 9.77%, 27.81%, and 46.73%. Excellent performance is demonstrated, e.g. when the WMR is below 10%, the image quality degradation is negligible, and the error rate (BER) is about 1%.
Graph Convolutional Networks for Improved Prediction and Interpretability of Chromatographic Retention Data (2021)

Machine learning is a popular technique to predict the retention times of molecules based on descriptors. Descriptors and associated labels (e.g., retention times) of a set of molecules can be used to train a machine learning algorithm. However, descriptors are fixed molecular features which are not necessarily optimized for the given machine learning problem (e.g., to predict retention times). Recent advances in molecular machine learning make use of so-called graph convolutional networks (GCNs) to learn molecular representations from atoms and their bonds to adjacent atoms to optimize the molecular representation for the given problem. In this study, two GCNs were implemented to predict the retention times of molecules for three different chromatographic data sets and compared to seven benchmarks (including two state-of-the art machine learning models). Additionally, saliency maps were computed from trained GCNs to better interpret the importance of certain molecular sub-structures in the data sets. Based on the overall observations of this study, the GCNs performed better than all benchmarks, either significantly outperforming them (5-25% lower mean absolute error) or performing similar to them (<5% difference). Saliency maps revealed a significant difference in molecular sub-structures that are important for predictions of different chromatographic data sets (reversed-phase liquid chromatography vs hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography).
Observers for High-Speed Sensorless PMSM Drives: Design Methods, Tuning Challenges and Future Trends (2021)

Rotor position and speed estimation methods are consolidated to reduce the cost and volume of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) sensorless control drives while maintaining high performance. Advanced nonlinear algorithms require accurate design for precise estimation tracking throughout the entire PMSM operation range. This paper presents a broad review of the main high-speed estimation methods for sensorless PMSM drives. First, the stability constraints and design methodologies of the main estimation techniques presented in the literature are discussed. In the second part, it is investigated the new observer design trends, which are used under non-ideal conditions, such as robustness to distortions, the effects of parameter variation, sensorless parameter estimation, and low sampling-frequency-to-speed ratio operation. Future trends on the design of observers for high-speed sensorless PMSM drives are also discussed.
IODP Expedition 366 Magnetic remanence (SRM-discrete) (2020)

Raw data files for the magnetic remanence measurements of discrete and section-half samples on the superconducting rock magnetometer (SRM-DISC and SRM-SECT) are stored on by hole and by expedition, and are designated as discrete samples, section halves, or, rarely, whole-round sections.
<i>In Vitro</i> Comparison of Sestamibi, Tetrofosmin, and Furifosmin as Agents for Functional Imaging of Multidrug Resistance in Tumors (2000)

Sestamibi, tetrofosmin, and furifosmin are 99mTc-labeled myocardial perfusion imaging agents which have been shown to be substrates for P-glycoprotein (Pgp), the multidrug-resistance transporter which is overexpressed in some tumors. The three tracers were directly compared in vitro in the human breast cancer cell line MCF7-WT and two multidrug-resistant variants, MCF7-BC19 (MDR1 gene transfected) and MCF7-AdrR (doxorubicin selected). Tracer accumulation over the course of 60 minutes was determined. Dose-response curves were generated for two modulators of Pgp function, GG918 and PSC833. The general shape of accumulation curves for the three tracers in MCF7-WT cells was similar, with accumulation levels being sestamibi > tetrofosmin > furifosmin. Accumulation of sestamibi and furifosmin in MCF7-BC19 cells was reduced to 10% and 21% of MCF7-WT levels, respectively, but this accumulation deficit could be completely reversed by addition of 0.1 microM GG918 or 2 microM PSC833. Accumulation of sestamibi and tetrofosmin in MCF7-AdrR cells was 1.6% and 12% of MCF7-WT levels, respectively, and could only be enhanced to 30% and 45% of MCF7-WT levels by addition of GG918 or PSC833. In contrast, furifosmin showed similar levels of accumulation in MCF7-WT and MCF7-BC19 cells, slightly lower levels in MCF7-AdrR cells, and no consistent response to Pgp modulators. These results support the continued investigation of sestamibi and tetrofosmin as agents for functional imaging of multidrug resistance in human cancer.
Dual-band Bandpass Filter Design with Novel Double-layer Mixed Coupled SIR/CPW-SIR Resonators (2019)

This paper presents a compact 2.4-/5.2GHz dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) design using novel double-layer mixed coupled SIR/CPW-SIR resonators. To miniaturize the footprint, the SIR is built on the top layer with CPW-SIR on the bottom layer. The coupling is tunable by modifying the resonator geometries. The characteristics of the novel resonator are studied which is suitable for dual-band applications. The fractional bandwidth (FBW) design graph is constructed for a straightforward dual-band filter synthesis. To validate our design theory, a fourth-order dual-band BPF prototype is design and fabricated. The measurement shows insertion losses of 1.7/2.95 dB with a 3-dB FBW of 12/10% at 2.4-/5.2-GHz bands, return loss of greater than 10 dB, inter-band isolation of greater than 30 dB, and stopband rejection above 15 dB up to 10 GHz. The filter has a compact size of 500×500 mil <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Glycal Scavenging in the Synthesis of Disaccharides Using Mannosyl Iodide Donors<sup>1</sup> (2005)

[reaction: see text] High mannose glycans composed of alpha (1-->2) and alpha (1-->6) branched sugars are important components of the HIV-associated envelope glycoprotein, gp120. These substructures can be efficiently prepared in solution from glycosyl iodide precursors requiring only a slight excess of the iodide donor, which offers advantages over solid-phase methods that require more than 5 equiv of donor. During the reaction, excess iodide is converted to a glycal that is not easily separated from the desired disaccharide. To overcome this difficulty, a phase-trafficking methodology that relies upon nucleophilic interception of the 1,2 anhydrosugar resulting from oxidation of the glycal has been developed.
Bi-fidelity fitting and optimization (2012)

A common feature in computations of chemical and physical properties is the investigation of phenomena at different levels of computational accuracy. Less accurate computations are used to provide a relatively quick understanding of the behavior of a system and allow a researcher to focus on regions of initial conditions and parameter space where interesting phenomena are likely to occur. These inexpensive calculations are often discarded when more accurate calculations are performed. This paper demonstrates how computations at different levels of accuracy can be simultaneously incorporated to study chemical and physical phenomena with less overall computational effort than the most expensive level of computation. A smaller set of computationally expensive calculations is needed because the set of expensive calculations is correlated with the larger set of less expensive calculations. We present two applications. First, we demonstrate how potential energy surfaces can be fit by simultaneously using results from two different levels of accuracy in electronic structure calculations. In the second application, we study the optical response of metallic nanostructures. The optical response is generated with calculations at two different grid resolutions, and we demonstrate how using these two levels of computation in a correlated fashion can more efficiently optimize the response.
Prospective, Multicenter Feasibility Study to Evaluate Differential Target Multiplexed Spinal Cord Stimulation Programming in Subjects With Chronic Intractable Back Pain With or Without Leg Pain (2020)

In this difficult-to-treat patient population, subjects reported significant reduction in chronic back pain when using multiplexed programming. A randomized clinical trial is needed to confirm the results from this feasibility study.
Znf202 Affects High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Promotes Hepatosteatosis in Hyperlipidemic Mice (2013)

Znf202 overexpression in vivo reveals an important role of this transcriptional regulator in liver lipid homeostasis, while firmly establishing the proposed key role in the control of HDL levels.
Does the Mask Govern the Mind?: Effects of Arbitrary Gender Representation on Quantitative Task Performance in Avatar-Represented Virtual Groups (2014)

Virtual environments employing avatars for self-representation-including the opportunity to represent or misrepresent social categories-raise interesting and intriguing questions as to how one's avatar-based social category shapes social identity dynamics, particularly when stereotypes prevalent in the offline world apply to the social categories visually represented by avatars. The present experiment investigated how social category representation via avatars (i.e., graphical representations of people in computer-mediated environments) affects stereotype-relevant task performance. In particular, building on and extending the Proteus effect model, we explored whether and how stereotype lift (i.e., a performance boost caused by the awareness of a domain-specific negative stereotype associated with outgroup members) occurred in virtual group settings in which avatar-based gender representation was arbitrary. Female and male participants (N=120) were randomly assigned either a female avatar or a male avatar through a process masked as a random drawing. They were then placed in a numerical minority status with respect to virtual gender-as the only virtual female (male) in a computer-mediated triad with two opposite-gendered avatars-and performed a mental arithmetic task either competitively or cooperatively. The data revealed that participants who were arbitrarily represented by a male avatar and competed against two ostensible female avatars showed strongest performance compared to others on the arithmetic task. This pattern occurred regardless of participants' actual gender, pointing to a virtual stereotype lift effect. Additional mediation tests showed that task motivation partially mediated the effect. Theoretical and practical implications for social identity dynamics in avatar-based virtual environments are discussed.
Considerations about the modeling and simulation of air-gap eccentricity in induction motors (2006)

This paper proposes, firstly, a precise evaluation of the inductances of induction machine (IM) by transforming the calculations into a simple calculation of surfaces. The skewing bars effect and linear rise of the magneto-motive force (MMF) across the slot in case of constant or nonuniform air-gap are taken into account. Secondly, we consider the two types of star stator winding coupling of IM, YN-connected and Y-connected. The choice of a 2-pole IM in our application is due to the fact that the majority of the previous publications have used a 4-pole IM or more. Also, and particularly, the 2-pole IM can have homopolar flux in presence of eccentricity or odd number of slots per pole. It is the reason for which it deserves a particular interest. The model is established initially in case of symmetric machine, then, in the frequent case of radial eccentricity which is the mixed eccentricity. This objective would be achieved by exploiting an extension in 2-D of the modified winding function approach (MWFA). The analysis is validated by comparing the experimental line-current spectra of the eccentric machine to the simulation results
Locally Gated SnS2/hBN Thin Film Transistors with a Broadband Photoresponse (2018)

Next-generation flexible and transparent electronics demand newer materials with superior characteristics. Tin dichalcogenides, Sn(S,Se)<sub>2</sub>, are layered crystal materials that show promise for implementation in flexible electronics and optoelectronics. They have band gap energies that are dependent on their atomic layer number and selenium content. A variety of studies has focused in particular on tin disulfide (SnS<sub>2</sub>) channel transistors with conventional silicon substrates. However, the effort of interchanging the gate dielectric by utilizing high-quality hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) still remains. In this work, the hBN coupled SnS<sub>2</sub> thin film transistors are demonstrated with bottom-gated device configuration. The electrical transport characteristics of the SnS<sub>2</sub> channel transistor present a high current on/off ratio, reaching as high as 10<sup>5</sup> and a ten-fold enhancement in subthreshold swing compared to a high-κ dielectric covered device. We also demonstrate the spectral photoresponsivity from ultraviolet to infrared in a multi-layered SnS<sub>2</sub> phototransistor. The device architecture is suitable to promote diverse studied on flexible and transparent thin film transistors for further applications.
Data from Constitutive AP-1 Activity and EBV Infection Induce PD-L1 in Hodgkin Lymphomas and Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders: Implications for Targeted Therapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a molecule expressed on antigen-presenting cells that engages the PD-1 receptor on T cells and inhibits T-cell receptor signaling. The PD-1 axis can be exploited by tumor cells to dampen host antitumor immune responses and foster tumor cell survival. PD-1 blockade has shown promise in multiple malignancies but should be directed toward patients in whom it will be most effective. In recent studies, we found that the chromosome 9p24.1 amplification increased the gene dosage of PD-L1 and its induction by JAK2 in a subset of patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). However, cHLs with normal 9p24.1 copy numbers also expressed detectable PD-L1, prompting analyses of additional PD-L1 regulatory mechanisms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Herein, we utilized immunohistochemical, genomic, and functional analyses to define alternative mechanisms of PD-L1 activation in cHL and additional EBV&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; lymphoproliferative disorders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We identified an AP-1–responsive enhancer in the &lt;i&gt;PD-L1&lt;/i&gt; gene. In cHL Reed–Sternberg cells, which exhibit constitutive AP-1 activation, the &lt;i&gt;PD-L1&lt;/i&gt; enhancer binds AP-1 components and increases &lt;i&gt;PD-L1&lt;/i&gt; promoter activity. In addition, we defined Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection as an alternative mechanism for PD-L1 induction in cHLs with diploid 9p24.1. PD-L1 was also expressed by EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines as a result of latent membrane protein 1–mediated, JAK/STAT-dependent promoter and AP-1–associated enhancer activity. In addition, more than 70% of EBV&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders expressed detectable PD-L1.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; AP-1 signaling and EBV infection represent alternative mechanisms of PD-L1 induction and extend the spectrum of tumors in which to consider PD-1 blockade. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 18(6); 1611–8. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Supplementary Methods from Adaptive Responses to Dasatinib-Treated Lung Squamous Cell Cancer Cells Harboring DDR2 Mutations (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Methods. Description of additional methods and procedures used in the study.&lt;/p&gt;