gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Full Integration of Seismic Data into Geostatistical Reservoir Modeling (2006)

Abstract Seismic reflection amplitude data are increasingly used in reservoir modeling to provide information on changes in earth properties away from well locations. In geostatistical reservoir modeling, the most common application is to use seismic data as background data in some form of comodeling. Seismic data image reflectors and not earth layer properties. Therefore, prior to use in comodeling, seismic data must first be transformed into an earth layer property. Typically, the transform is to acoustic impedance using an appropriate seismic inversion method. Seismic inversion methods generate results that are generally band limited in nature, resulting in limits to vertical resolution. The vertical resolution achieved can be an order of magnitude below the vertical model resolution required from geostatistical reservoir modeling, which is in the order of well-log resolution. Hence, in using seismic data, geostatistical modelers encounter a problem of downscaling, not the more commonly encountered upscaling problem. This difference in scale introduces scatter between the primary data with well-log order resolution and the secondary seismically derived rock property data used in the comodeling. As a result, to preserve vertical heterogeneity, only limited use of the secondary data can be made in comodeling procedures. This results in models that only partially fit the seismic data, i.e., only limited use is made of the seismic information. If the secondary data are more strongly imposed, the fit to the seismic data improves, but the required vertical heterogeneity is not preserved. The inability to overcome this difference in scale issue, therefore, limits the value of the application of comodeling methods to integrate seismic data into reservoir models. One class of geostatistical methods that overcomes this limitation relies on iterative geostatistical modeling. In these methods, referred to as geostatistical seismic inversion, the iterative modeling process is conditioned such that the final models generated closely match the seismic data while maintaining the required vertical heterogeneity. The application of these methods is computationally expensive relative to comodeling methods but is now practical for large models on today's desktop hardware. Relative to comodeling, geostatistical seismic inversion methods make full use of the information carried in the seismic data, resulting in a significant reduction in model uncertainty away from well control.
Speckle-Tracking Sonographic Assessment of Longitudinal Motion of the Flexor Tendon and Subsynovial Tissue in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (2012)

Speckle tracking is a potentially useful method to assess the biomechanics within the carpal tunnel and to distinguish between healthy individuals and patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. This method, however, needs to be further developed for clinical use, with the shear index and maximum velocity ratio as possible differentiating parameters between patients with carpal tunnel syndrome and healthy individuals.
The Ball is in Our Court: Conducting Visualization Research With Sports Experts (2023)

Most sports visualizations rely on a combination of spatial, highly temporal, and user-centric data, making sports a challenging target for visualization. Emerging technologies, such as augmented and mixed reality (AR/XR), have brought exciting opportunities along with new challenges for sports visualization. We share our experience working with sports domain experts and present lessons learned from conducting visualization research in SportsXR. In our previous work, we have targeted different types of users in sports, including athletes, game analysts, and fans. Each user group has unique design constraints and requirements, such as obtaining real-time visual feedback in training, automating the low-level video analysis workflow, or personalizing embedded visualizations for live game data analysis. In this article, we synthesize our best practices and pitfalls we identified while working on SportsXR. We highlight lessons learned in working with sports domain experts in designing and evaluating sports visualizations and in working with emerging AR/XR technologies. We envision that sports visualization research will benefit the larger visualization community through its unique challenges and opportunities for immersive and situated analytics.
Four-wave mixing in traveling-wave semiconductor amplifiers (1995)

The traveling-wave equations of four-wave mixing in semiconductor amplifiers are solved analytically including saturation of the amplifier. Excellent agreement is obtained with numerical solutions of the traveling-wave equations. The analytical model is used to analyze a highly nondegenerate four-wave mixing experiment in a bulk semiconductor amplifier.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Low-Voltage High-Precision Time-Domain Winner-Take-All Circuit (2019)

In this brief, a novel low-voltage time-domain fully digital winner-take-all (WTA) circuit is proposed. In order to enhance the accuracy and the speed of the circuit, the proposed structure amplifies the delay time difference created by the input signals, and then employs a positive-feedback loop, similar to the voltage-mode counterpart, to detect the first delayed pulse corresponding to the winner signal uniquely. Furthermore, the circuit is able to operate correctly for small values of the supply voltage even down to sub-threshold levels, leading to low power consumption. Based on the proposed structure, a 3-input WTA circuit has been designed and fabricated in a 0.13-μm CMOS technology with a 0.5-V supply voltage. The measurement results show that the circuit consumes 0.75 μW at 1 MHz clock frequency for a 2-mV resolution. The silicon area of the proposed circuit is 24 μm × 35 μm.
Structural brain imaging studies offer clues about the effects of the shared genetic etiology among neuropsychiatric disorders (2021)

Genomewide association studies have found significant genetic correlations among many neuropsychiatric disorders. In contrast, we know much less about the degree to which structural brain alterations are similar among disorders and, if so, the degree to which such similarities have a genetic etiology. From the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) consortium, we acquired standardized mean differences (SMDs) in regional brain volume and cortical thickness between cases and controls. We had data on 41 brain regions for: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), epilepsy, major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia (SCZ). These data had been derived from 24,360 patients and 37,425 controls. The SMDs were significantly correlated between SCZ and BD, OCD, MDD, and ASD. MDD was positively correlated with BD and OCD. BD was positively correlated with OCD and negatively correlated with ADHD. These pairwise correlations among disorders were correlated with the corresponding pairwise correlations among disorders derived from genomewide association studies (r = 0.494). Our results show substantial similarities in sMRI phenotypes among neuropsychiatric disorders and suggest that these similarities are accounted for, in part, by corresponding similarities in common genetic variant architectures.
Imaging of vortices in superconductors by electron beam scanning (1998)

Abrikosov vortices trapped in a superconducting tunnel junction and oriented perpendicular to the barrier plane were imaged by electron beam scanning at 1.6 K. We have used NbAlOxNb junctions. As an important feature, the top Nb electrode was covered with a SiO2 film of 300 nm thickness, absorbing most of the 5 keV beam energy. The signal generating the image is explained by a model, assuming that the beam-induced electronic excitations in the SiO2 overlay film are trapped in the local magnetic field protruding from a vortex, resulting in an increased recombination rate. In addition to providing a novel approach to the imaging of the vortices in superconductors, our results are important for understanding quasiparticle losses in tunnel junction detectors.
Supplementary material : Spondyloarthritis features in zymosan-induced SKG mice (2017)

Joint Bone Spine - In Press.Proof corrected by the author Available online since jeudi 28 decembre 2017
Oil and gas developments in South Africa, Central America, Caribbean Area, and Mexico in 1984 (1985)

For the 25 countries described in the region, exploration activity continued to be centered in proven petroleum provinces in 1984. Exploration activity increased in Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela. Important, successful exploration efforts continued in areas around Cano Limon field in Colombia, and Guafita and La Victoria fields in Venezuela. Notable discoveries in South America included the 42-46-1X San Martin Cretaceous discovery by Shell in the Ucayali basin in Peru, the significant oil and gas discovery at Palmar Largo ES-1 by YPF in Argentina, and the first offshore gas discovery, the Pecten 1-SPS-20 wildcat in the Santo basin in Brazil. Oil production increased in Barbados, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela. A notable increase (40%) in oil production occurred in Brazil. Gas production increased in Argentina, Barbados, Colombia, Peru, and Trinidad and Tobago. 8 figures, 8 tables.
Multifunctional Nanowire Evanescent Wave Optical Sensors (2006)

A photonic sensing platform that utilizes the evanescent field of a subwavelength nanowire waveguide to perform optical spectroscopy on femtoliter probe volumes is demonstrated. Each evanescent sensor is capable of carrying out absorbance, fluorescence, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy measurements on the same analyte while operating within a microfluidic flow cell (see figure). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2007/c1995_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Multivariable regression: understanding one of medicine’s most fundamental statistical tools (2022)

Multivariable regression is a fundamental tool that drives observational research in orthopaedic surgery. However, regression analyses are not always implemented correctly. This study presents a basic overview of regression analyses and reviews frequent points of confusion. Topics include linear, logistic, and time-to-event regressions, causal inference, confounders, overfitting, missing data, multicollinearity, interactions, and key differences between multivariable versus multivariate regression. The goal is to provide clarity regarding the use and interpretation of multivariable analyses for those attempting to increase their statistical literacy in orthopaedic research.
Hemiarthroplasty implants should have very low stiffness to optimize cartilage contact stress (2020)

Hemiarthroplasty is often preferred to total arthroplasty as it preserves native tissue; however, accelerated wear of the opposing cartilage is problematic. This is thought to be caused by the stiffness mismatch between the implant and cartilage-bone construct. Reducing the stiffness of the implant by changing the material has been hypothesized as a potential solution. This study employs a finite element model to study a concave-convex hemiarthroplasty articulation for various implant materials (cobalt-chrome, pyrolytic carbon, polyether ether ketone, ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, Bionate-55D, Bionate-75D, and Bionate-80A). The effect of the radius of curvature and the degree of flexion-extension was also investigated to ensure any relationships found between materials were generalizable. The implant material had a significant effect (P < .001) for both contact area and maximum contact pressure on the cartilage surface. All of the materials were different from the native state except for Bionate-80A at two of the different flexion angles. Bionate-80A and Bionate-75D, the materials with the lowest stiffnesses, were the closest to the native state for all flexion angles and radii of curvature. No evident difference between materials occurred unless the modulus was below that of Bionate-55D (288 MPa), suggesting that hemiarthroplasty materials need to be less stiff than this material if they are to protect the opposing cartilage. This is clinically significant as the findings suggest that the development of new hemiarthroplasty implants should use materials with stiffnesses much lower than currently available devices.
Rabies virus glycoprotein expression in Drosophila S2 cells. I. Functional recombinant protein in stable co‐transfected cell line (2007)

Recombinant rabies virus glycoprotein (rRVGP) was expressed in Drosophila melanogaster Schneider 2 (S2) cells. The cDNA encoding the entire RVGP gene was cloned in an expression plasmid under the control of the constitutive actin promoter (Ac), which was co-transfected into S2 cells together with a hygromycin selection plasmid. Selected S2 cell populations (S2AcRVGP) had a decreased ability to grow and consume substrates, when compared to the non-transfected cells (S2). They were shown, by PCR, to express the RVGP gene and mRNA and, by immunoblotting, to synthesize the rRVGP in its expected molecular mass of 65 kDa. ELISA kinetic studies showed the rRVGP expression in cell lysates and supernatants attaining concentrations of 300 microg/L. By flow cytometry analysis, about 30% of the cells in the co-transfected populations were shown to express the rRVGP. Cell populations selected by limiting dilution expressed higher rRVGP yields. Mice immunized with rRVGP were shown to synthesize antibodies against rabies virus and be protected against experimental infection with rabies virus. The data presented here show that S2 cells can be suitable hosts for the rRVGP expression, allowing its synthesis in a high degree of physical and biological integrity.
Acrylamide: Update on Selected Research Activities Conducted by the European Food and Drink Industry (2005)

This paper reviews the progress made by the European food and drink industry (CIAA) on acrylamide with regard to analytical methods, mechanisms of formation, and mitigation research in the major food categories. It is an update on the first CIAA review paper, "A Review of Acrylamide: An Industry Perspective on Research, Analysis, Formation and Control." Initial difficulties with the establishment of reliable analytical methods, in most cases, have now been overcome, but challenges remain in terms of the need to develop simple and rapid test methods and certified reference materials. Many trials have been conducted under laboratory and experimental conditions in a variety of foods, and a number of possible measures have been identified to relatively lower the amounts of acrylamide in food. Promising applications were studied in reconstituted potato models by addition of amino acids or use of asparaginase. In bakery wares, predictive models have been established to determine the role of ammonium carbonate and invert sugar in acrylamide formation. Studies in several commercial foods showed that acrylamide is not stable over time in roasted and ground coffee. Some progress in relatively lowering acrylamide in certain food categories has been achieved, but at this stage can only be considered marginal. Any options that are chosen to reduce acrylamide in commercial products must be technologically feasible and must not adversely affect the quality and safety of the final product.
Cpu time-sharing in real-time systems (2005)

The increased processing power of computer systems allows new applications to emerge, including applications with real-time requirements. For example, applications for multimedia have become ubiquitous during the last decade. Traditionally, real-time applications execute on dedicated hardware platforms or use special-purpose operating systems; now real-time workloads exist in platforms that are ill-equipped to meet their time constraints. To support applications with real-time requirements, while still servicing the existing workload in a time-sharing discipline, operating systems must be capable of concurrently scheduling a variety of different timing constraints. 
General-purpose time-sharing schedulers do not support either the predictability or timeliness requirements of real-time tasks, and it is difficult to add real-time capability to a system that does not already support real-time scheduling. In contrast, real-time schedulers provide predictability and timeliness, and it is easier to schedule non-real-time tasks in a real-time system. Therefore, this thesis argues that to support the wide variety of existing and future application constraints, any general-purpose system is best served by using a real-time CPU scheduler. This dissertation describes a system that uses a real-time CPU scheduler to schedule non-real-time applications in the manner of a time-share discipline.
[Perisinusoidal stellate cells in a model of experimental liver cirrhosis]. (1995)

The association of the common bile duct (CBD) ligation followed by CCl4 and progesterone treatment leads to liver cirrhosis in rats in 28 days. The resulting cirrhosis shows mixed aspects: it starts as biliary cirrhosis and goes on to nodular and periportal pseudolobular form of cirrhosis. Because Ito cells are the main source of extracellular matrix components, changing their phenotype from quiescent Ito cells to myofibroblast like cells, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the behaviour of Ito cells by the immunohistochemistry technique of desmin and alpha-SM-actin after these treatments. After CBD ligation alone, positive Ito cells for desmin remarkably proliferate around adenomateous areas; after treatment with CCl4 alone desmin positive stellate cells are more numerous. Desmin positive Ito cells in CBD ligation and CCl4 treatment were even larger than those of the previous lots. Significant differences were not observed after progesterone and for the alpha-SM-actin positive cells.
EB1 phosphorylation mediates the functions of ASK1 in pancreatic cancer development (2017)

Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis due to its rapid rate of metastasis and frequent late-stage diagnosis. An improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying this disease is urgently needed to promote the development of improved diagnostic tools and more effective therapies. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) has been shown to be overexpressed in pancreatic cancer and to promote the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in a kinase activity-dependent manner. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ASK1 promotes cell proliferation remain to be elucidated. In this study, we report that the phosphorylation of end-binding protein 1 (EB1) at threonine 206 (pT206-EB1), which is catalyzed by ASK1, is increased in pancreatic cancer tissues. We further find that the level of pT206-EB1 correlates with that of ASK1 in cancer tissues. Additionally, ASK1 localizes to spindle poles, and knockdown of ASK1 results in the formation of multipolar spindles. Moreover, we show that depletion of ASK1 or disruption of EB1 phosphorylation inhibits spindle microtubule dynamics in pancreatic cancer cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that EB1 phosphorylation mediates the functions of ASK1 in pancreatic cancer development.
Application of Mineral Iron and Sulfide Analysis to Evaluate Natural Attenuation at Fuel Contaminated Site (1999)

An investigation was conducted of the natural attenuation (bioremediation) potential in a gasoline-contaminated aquifer. In natural attenuation studies, certain oxidized electron acceptors used by bacteria and reduced respiratory products are measured to evaluate the bioremediation of an organic contaminant. Typically, only aqueous ions O2, NO3-, Fe2+, and SO42- are examined in investigations of this type; however, this study also considered mineral Fe and S species as sampled in five core holes along a longitudinal transect of the fuel plume. These samples were subjected to sequential extractions using 6 N HCl and 1 N Cr2+ to determine the mineral content of Fe2+, Fe3+, FeS, and FeS2. A 0.5 N HCl solution was used to estimate available Fe3+ and biogenically produced authigenic Fe2+ minerals. Bacteria largely deplete dissolved O2, NO3-, and SO42- in the most contaminated area of the plume. SO42- and Fe3+ reduction produce secondary authigenic minerals retained in the aquifer. Reduced sulfide minerals (∼FeS and FeS2) were found near the core of the plume. Direct enzymatic reduction of Fe3+ minerals was inferred because most of the Fe2+ is not associated with iron sulfides. Expressed capacity is a measurement of past contaminant oxidation. A more accurate estimation of expressed capacity was possible when Fe and S minerals were evaluated along with aqueous data. By including mineral data it was shown that most of the hydrocarbon spill was naturally attenuated at this site. The spatial distribution of Fe mineral species suggests that the hydrocarbon plume is contracting in size. This technique may be used in support of intrinsic bioremediation as part of risk-based corrective action.
Fast constant time implementations of ZUC-256 on x86 CPUs (2019)

ZUC-256 is a Pseudo Random Number Generator (PRNG) that is proposed as a successor of ZUC-128. Similarly to ZUC-128 that is incorporated in the 128-EEA3 and 128-EIA3 encryption and integrity algorithms, ZUC-256 is designed to offer 256-bit security and to be incorporated in the upcoming encryption and authentication algorithm in 5G technologies. In this context software optimizations of ZUC-256 are desired. This paper proposes several ZUC-256 optimizations for x86 processors, especially, modern processors that have efficient AVX vectorization. Surprisingly, we also show that AES-NI can also be used for ZUC-256 and help creating constant-time implementations. Our results show speedup of up to 4.5 x(per key stream) when computational tasks are parallelized efficiently.
Eradicating acute myeloid leukemia in a MllPTD/wt:Flt3ITD/wt murine model: a path to novel therapeutic approaches for human disease (2013)

The coexpression of the MLL partial tandem duplication (PTD) and the FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutations associate with a poor outcome in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In mice, a double knock-in (dKI) of Mll(PTD/wt) and Flt3(ITD/wt) mutations induces spontaneous AML with an increase in DNA methyltransferases (Dnmt1, 3a, and 3b) and global DNA methylation index, thereby recapitulating its human AML counterpart. We determined that a regulator of Dnmts, miR-29b, is downregulated in bone marrow of dKI AML mice. Bortezomib exerted a dose-dependent increase in miR-29b expression in AML blasts ex vivo, followed by decreased Dnmts, reduced proliferation, and increased apoptosis. In vivo, bortezomib was not active against dKI AML, yet liposomal-encapsulated bortezomib, as a single agent, reversed downregulation of miR-29b in vivo and induced a long-term (90-day) disease-free remission in 80% of dKI AML mice that exhibited high leukemic burden at the start of therapy, yet showed no signs of relapse at autopsy. Taken together, these data support that liposomal bortezomib, as a single agent, eradicates Mll(PTD/wt):Flt3(ITD/wt) AML in mouse and may represent a powerful and potentially curative approach to high-risk human disease.