gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Remote therapy with mouth opening and closing training robot between Tokyo and Yamanashi 120 km (2002)

This paper describes the remote training between Tokyo and Yamanashi with 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) parallel robot that is designed for the mouth-opening and -closing training. Remote training is useful for the patients who have difficulties to go to hospitals frequently. The authors have developed a master-slave training system using ISDN lines because ISDN is not difficult to come by in patients home. Mouth-opening and -closing training robot WY-5R (Waseda Yamanashi-5 Refined) realized the remote training via two ISDN lines with 128 kbps. As a result of remote therapy using WY-5R, two patients' mouth-opening and -forward distances increased.
1231-P: Using Natural Language Processing (NLP) to Understand Self-Reported Barriers and Enablers to Treatment Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) Using Data from the International Diabetes Management Practices Study (IDMPS) (2022)

Introduction: IDMPS is an international, observational study to assess care practices and clinical profiles of people with diabetes in developing countries. Treatment non-adherence is a major barrier to treatment effectiveness. Open-ended self-reported reasons for omitting or adhering to glucose-lowering drugs in people with T2D were analyzed. Methods: NLP and clustering methods were used to analyze responses on omitting medications (Q1) , not taking medications as prescribed (Q2) , and methods to improve adherence (Q3) , with Q1+2 responses merged as reasons for ‘omission’. Results: Of 2475 participants from 13 countries (mean ± SD age 58 ± 12 years, 49% male, diabetes duration ± 8 years, 43% on insulin) , 85%, 79%, and 37% had responses for Q1-3 respectively. Of these, 36% had responses indicative of non-adherence, 62% of adherence, and 2% uncertain responses (Q1+2) . Non-adherent patients were younger (55 ± 12 vs. 60 ± 12 years) , had shorter diabetes duration (± 8 vs. 12 ± 9 years) , and higher HbA1c (8.3 ± 1.9 vs. 7.9 ± 1.8 %) vs. adherent patients (all p&amp;lt;0.001) . Patient responses for adherence/non-adherence are shown in Figure. Conclusions: Conflicts with daily routine are the main barrier to therapy adherence, while planning and habit formation can improve adherence. Disclosure J.C.Chan: Board Member; Asia Diabetes Foundation, Consultant; Bayer AG, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Celltrion, Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp., Roche Diabetes Care, Viatris Inc., Research Support; Applied Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company, Hua Medicine, Servier Laboratories, Stock/Shareholder; GemVCare Ltd. J.Chantelot: Employee; Sanofi, Stock/Shareholder; Sanofi. P.Aschner: Advisory Panel; Merck &amp; Co., Inc., Sanofi, Speaker's Bureau; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Novo Nordisk. J.J.Gagliardino: None. H.M.Ilkova: Advisory Panel; Novo Nordisk. A.Ramachandran: None. J.Mbanya: Advisory Panel; Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Servier Laboratories. M.V.Shestakova: None. M.Rollot: Other Relationship; Sanofi. M.Blanchon: Other Relationship; Sanofi. P.Hayat: Other Relationship; Sanofi. Funding Sanofi
Portable Generator to Detect Cracks on Large Steel Structures: An Application of Inductive Thermography (2021)

Abstract The demand of non-destructive methods to detect cracks caused by fatigue or brittle behavior in large steel structures has increased in the last years. Thermography based on electromagnetic induction is a promising method to detect cracks in weld seams and notches. This paper presents a portable experimental setup, which allows to perform in situ crack detection tests on large steel structures. The success of this configuration is based on the use of a highly efficient switched H-Bridge circuit, which can generate a square-wave output voltage with a fundamental frequency up to 100 kHz. Due to the low losses and the low necessary DC-link voltage, the circuit can be supplied by a lithium-ion battery, which allows a small and light setup. The generated square-wave output voltage supplies an air coil resulting in a high frequent triangle current. The induced electromagnetic field caused by the current signal generates eddy currents in the steel structure. Due to an increased current density of the eddy currents in the crack area, there is a measurable temperature increase near the crack. The resulting temperature field is visualized and recorded with an infrared (IR) camera, which shows in real time the occurrence of cracks.
Frequency division using a soliton-injected semiconductor gain-switched frequency comb (2020)

With optical spectral marks equally spaced by a frequency in the microwave or the radio frequency domain, optical frequency combs have been used not only to synthesize optical frequencies from microwave references but also to generate ultralow-noise microwaves via optical frequency division. Here, we combine two compact frequency combs, namely, a soliton microcomb and a semiconductor gain-switched comb, to demonstrate low-noise microwave generation based on a novel frequency division technique. Using a semiconductor laser that is driven by a sinusoidal current and injection-locked to microresonator solitons, our scheme transfers the spectral purity of a dissipative soliton oscillator into the subharmonic frequencies of the microcomb repetition rate. In addition, the gain-switched comb provides dense optical spectral emissions that divide the line spacing of the soliton microcomb. With the potential to be fully integrated, the merger of the two chipscale devices may profoundly facilitate the wide application of frequency comb technology.
Marking the polarity of RNA molecules for electron microscopy by covalent attachment of psoralen-DNA restriction fragments. (1982)

We have developed a general procedure for covalently attaching complementary restriction fragments to RNA molecules and visualizing the fragment in the electron microscope after denaturation. This is accomplished by creating psoralen monoadducts on the restriction fragment by irradiation at 390 nm before hybridization to the RNA and subsequently converting the monoadducts to RNA . DNA crosslinks by irradiation at 360 nm. Using this procedure, we have determined the location of a crosslink placed in Escherichia coli 165 rRNA by a previous irradiation. A consistent assignment is obtained by marking the crosslinked RNA with restriction fragments complementary to the 5' end or the 3' end of the 165 rRNA molecule.
Analysis of electronic dispersion compensation for step‐index polymer optical fibre by use of an advanced simulation model (2007)

Abstract A novel system‐level simulation environment is presented for the evaluation of step‐index polymer optical fibre transmission systems. Key element is a new fibre model, which incorporates the three major attributes describing light propagation in SI‐POF: the mode‐dependent attenuation, the modal dispersion and the mode coupling process. Inter‐symbol interference (ISI) due to modal dispersion can be mitigated in the receiver by means of electronic dispersion compensation. In this work, we present the performance of an analog equaliser scheme based on a (sub‐)optimal a‐posteriori ‐probability (APP) technique, which increases the achievable fibre length for error‐free transmission at 1 Gbit/s from 11 to 53m. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Impact of Menthol on Growth and Photosynthetic Function of <i>Breviolum Minutum</i> (Dinoflagellata, Dinophyceae, Symbiodiniaceae) and Interactions with its <i>Aiptasia</i> Host (2020)

Environmental change, including global warming and chemical pollution, can compromise cnidarian-(e.g., coral-) dinoflagellate symbioses and cause coral bleaching. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate these symbioses will inform strategies for sustaining healthy coral-reef communities. A model system for corals is the symbiosis between the sea anemone Exaiptasia pallida (common name Aiptasia) and its dinoflagellate partners (family Symbiodiniaceae). To complement existing studies of the interactions between these organisms, we examined the impact of menthol, a reagent often used to render cnidarians aposymbiotic, on the dinoflagellate Breviolum minutum, both in culture and in hospite. In both environments, the growth and photosynthesis of this alga were compromised at either 100 or 300 µM menthol. We observed reduction in PSII and PSI functions, the abundances of reaction-center proteins, and, at 300 µM menthol, of total cellular proteins. Interestingly, for free-living algae exposed to 100 µM menthol, an initial decline in growth, photosynthetic activities, pigmentation, and protein abundances reversed after 5-15 d, eventually approaching control levels. This behavior was observed in cells maintained in continuous light, but not in cells experiencing a light-dark regimen, suggesting that B. minutum can detoxify menthol or acclimate and repair damaged photosynthetic complexes in a light- and/or energy-dependent manner. Extended exposures of cultured algae to 300 µM menthol ultimately resulted in algal death. Most symbiotic anemones were also unable to survive this menthol concentration for 30 d. Additionally, cells impaired for photosynthesis by pre-treatment with 300 µM menthol exhibited reduced efficiency in re-populating the anemone host.
Photochemical Generation of a Tryptophan Radical within the Subunit Interface of Ribonucleotide Reductase (2016)

The Escherichia coli class Ia ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) achieves forward and reverse proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) over a pathway of redox active amino acids (β-Y122 ⇌ β-Y356 ⇌ α-Y731 ⇌ α-Y730 ⇌ α-C439) spanning ∼35 Å and two subunits every time it turns over. We have developed photoRNRs that allow radical transport to be phototriggered at tyrosine (Y) or fluorotyrosine (FnY) residues along the PCET pathway. We now report a new photoRNR in which photooxidation of a tryptophan (W) residue replacing Y356 within the α/β subunit interface proceeds by a stepwise ET/PT (electron transfer then proton transfer) mechanism and provides an orthogonal spectroscopic handle with respect to radical pathway residues Y731 and Y730 in α. This construct displays an ∼3-fold enhancement in photochemical yield of W(•) relative to F3Y(•) and a ∼7-fold enhancement relative to Y(•). Photogeneration of the W(•) radical occurs with a rate constant of (4.4 ± 0.2) × 10(5) s(-1), which obeys a Marcus correlation for radical generation at the RNR subunit interface. Despite the fact that the Y → W variant displays no enzymatic activity in the absence of light, photogeneration of W(•) within the subunit interface results in 20% activity for turnover relative to wild-type RNR under the same conditions.
Plastic landmine detection by the slow wave structure-based sensor (2013)

A sensor for detecting plastic explosives placed in the ground is presented in this paper. The detection effect is based on the intensive radiation from the section of a slow-wave structure at slowing down less than slowing of the light in the medium, i.e. in the soil at the place of possible laying of the mines. High effectiveness and small dimensions in comparison to the wavelength in free space and possibility of monitoring at a wide frequency band define its significant advantages in comparison to another devices for detecting explosives.
Bakebot: Baking Cookies with the PR2 (2011)

bakes cookies autonomously, from mise en place presentation through baking in a toaster oven. The baking planning and control system is implemented as a hierarchical finite state machine. We developed parameterized motion primitives for baking. The motion primitives utilize the existing sensing and manipulation capabilities of the PR2 platform and also our new compliant control techniques to address environmental uncertainty. The system was tested through 27 baking attempts, 16 of which successfully resulted in edible cookies. I.
Feasibility of compact neutron sources generated by intense femtosecond laser - cluster interactions (2009)

With the laser intensity and cluster size scalability of ions emitted from clusters Coulomb-exploded by intense femtosecond laser pulses, the neutron yield of nuclear reactions is scaled by the laser energy to discuss the feasibility of compact neutron sources of new generation. With the Coulomb-explosion model, the neutron yields by the reactions of Li(p,n)Be and d(d,n)He are estimated. The maximum energy of ions emitted from clusters can be optimized by the laser intensity and the cluster size so that the cross section of nuclear reaction is maximum. For both reactions, with the modern laser technology we will be able to have the compact neutron sources of the order of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sup> -10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">13</sup> neutrons/s available to scientific, medical, and semiconductor industrial fields.
The Combined Effects of Gibberellic Acid and Rhizobium on Growth, Yield and Nutritional Status in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) (2021)

Plant growth regulators and Rhizobium are actively involved in the regulation of flowering, pod formation, nodulation, and ultimately the growth and yield of legumes. However, very limited information is available on the combined effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) and Rhizobium on growth attributes and yield of legume crops. This experiment was designed to fill this gap by studying the performance of chickpea under exogenous application of GA3 (10−4 and 10−5 M) alone and in combination with Rhizobium. Exogenous application of GA3 (10−5 M) combined with rhizobium inoculation gave the highest values for number of nodules per plant (16) and their dry biomass (0.22 g). Moreover, GA3 application and seed inoculation with Rhizobium, when applied singly, significantly enhanced chickpea growth. However, the most promising results were obtained by the inoculation of Rhizobium accompanied with GA3 (10−5 M). Plant height, grain and stover yield, and chlorophyll contents were enhanced up to 35%, 39%, 21%, and 51%, respectively. Likewise, the bioaccumulation of macronutrients (N, P and K) was maximum in plants receiving both Rhizobium inoculation and GA3 application. It is concluded that the combined application of Rhizobium and GA3 has synergistic effects on the growth, yield, and nutrient contents of chickpea.
Avelumab in Men With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, Enriched for Patients Treated Previously With a Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine (2023)

Therapeutic cancer vaccines including sipuleucel- T , a prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) targeted vaccine that improves survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), can produce immune responses that translate to clinical benefit. The effects of sequential checkpoint inhibitors after therapeutic vaccine on immune responses are unknown. Avelumab is an anti-programmed death ligand-1 monoclonal antibody evaluated in patients with mCRPC in the JAVELIN solid tumor phase 1 trial expansion cohort, enriched for patients with a previous therapeutic prostate cancer-targeted vaccine. mCRPC patients received intravenous avelumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks with imaging every 6 weeks. Peripheral blood T-cell responses to PAP and to PA2024, the peptide containing PAP utilized by the vaccine, were evaluated pre and posttreatment. Eighteen patients enrolled, and previous treatments included abiraterone or enzalutamide in 14 (78%), therapeutic cancer vaccine in 14 (78%), and chemotherapy in 4 (22%). Avelumab had a manageable safety profile. There were no sustained prostate specific antigen decreases. Of 17 patients evaluable for best overall response by RECISTv1.1, 12 had stable disease (SD) and 5 had progressive disease. Seven patients had SD for >24 weeks posttreatment. Fourteen patients had previously received therapeutic cancer vaccines. Eleven (79%) had SD as the best overall response. Of these 14 patients, 9 had previously received sipuleucel T . Analysis of antigen-specific T-cell responses pre and postavelumab treatment did not demonstrate changes in interferon-γ production or proliferation in response to PAP or PA2024. This unplanned analysis does not support the use of sequential therapeutic cancer vaccine therapy followed by programmed death ligand-1 inhibition in mCRPC.
Hyperglycemia, Insulin Resistance, Impaired Pancreatic β-Cell Function, and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer (2013)

Among participants from five large prospective cohorts, circulating markers of peripheral insulin resistance, rather than hyperglycemia or pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, were independently associated with pancreatic cancer risk.
Performance Evaluation of an IEEE 802.11g Network in an Industrial Environment (2020)

In the industrial domain, wireless networks are among the most recommended, due to their low deployment cost, great flexibility, and by being less invasive to the environment. In the literature, little emphasis is given to the application of traditional IEEE 802.11a/b/g standards into industrial environments. We have evaluated the communication performance of an 802.11g network infrastructure within a thermoelectric powerplant. Three metrics were considered during our analysis: packet loss rate, transfer rate, and response time. Tests were conducted to evaluate the communication between different points inside the engine room and a point located in the administration room. To get a more realistic scenario, the experiments were performed in working days of the thermoelectric power plant. The network performance did not suffer significant degradation, even under electromagnetic interference and other intrinsic characteristics of such harsh environment. We concluded suggesting the addition of a few more access points to the engine room in order to improve the signal quality and thus the communication.
Double‐Bundle “Anatomic” Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Cadaveric Study of Tunnel Positioning With a Transtibial Technique (2007)

The double-bundle reconstruction aims to restore anterior drawer and rotational stability. This technique ensures anatomic tibial positioning. Further improvements are needed with regard to the femur.
Molecular Characterization of <i>CYP73A9</i> and<i>CYP82A1</i> P450 Genes Involved in Plant Defense in Pea (2000)

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) mediate a wide range of oxidative reactions involved in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids, terpenes, and alkaloids. Two pea (Pisum sativum) P450 cDNAs (CYP73A9v1, encoding trans-cinnamic acid hydroxylase [t-CAH] in the core phenylpropanoid pathway, and CYP82A1v1, possibly encoding an activity in a late branch of the phenylpropanoid pathway) have previously been described. Of three CYP73A9 genes now isolated, the CYP73A9v1 gene is full-length with two introns at positions conserved in other t-CAH genes, and the CYP73A9v2 and CYP73A9v3 gene fragments are 5'-truncated and lack introns. The full-length CYP82A1v2 gene contains a single intron at an alternate position. Nucleotide searches of the CYP73A9v1 and CYP82A1v2 promoters have indicated that the regulatory sequences for these early and late phenylpropanoid transcripts are substantially different. The P-, L-, and H-boxes identified in white light-, ultraviolet light-, and elicitor-induced footprints in early phenylpropanoid promoters (phenylalanine ammonia lyase [PAL], 4-coumarate coenzyme A:ligase [4-CL], and chalcone synthase [CHS]) are conserved in the t-CAH promoter and are absent from the CYP82A1v2 promoter. Both promoters contain TCA motifs identified in stress-responsive promoters, box IV elements identified in elicitor-responsive PAL and CHS promoters, and spatially conserved wound-response elements potentially coordinating regulation of these wound-responsive promoters.
HPLC analysis of polyamines and their acetylated derivatives in the picomole range using benzoyl chloride and 3,5‐dinitrobenzoyl chloride as derivatizing agent (1987)

Analytical methods are described for the quantitative determination of putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine, spermine and the acetylated derivatives of spermidine and spermine in biological fluids using pre-column derivatization with either benzoyl chloride or 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride, which were added to each sample as solutions in diethyl ether. Putrescine, spermidine and spermine can be analysed in seminal plasma at nanogram levels when benzoyl chloride is used as derivatizing agent. In the analysis of putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine and acetyl derivatives of spermidine and spermine, higher sensitivity is obtained with 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-chloride. This method can readily be used in the determination of acetylated polyamines in urine samples.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Altered endothelial nitric oxide synthase targeting and conformation and caveolin-1 expression in the diabetic kidney. (2006)

Experimental diabetes is associated with complex changes in renal nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. We explored the effect of diabetes on renal cortical protein expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) with respect to several determinants of its enzymatic function, such as eNOS expression, membrane localization, phosphorylation, and dimerization, in moderately hyperglycemic streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats compared with nondiabetic control rats and diabetic rats with intensive insulin treatment to achieve near-normal metabolic control. We studied renal cortical expression and localization of caveolin-1 (CAV-1), an endogenous modulator of eNOS function. Despite similar whole-cell eNOS expression in all groups, eNOS monomer and dimer in membrane fractions were reduced in moderately hyperglycemic diabetic rats compared with control rats; the opposite trend was apparent in the cytosol. Stimulatory phosphorylation of eNOS (Ser1177) was also reduced in moderately hyperglycemic diabetic rats. eNOS colocalized and interacted with CAV-1 in endothelial cells throughout the renal vascular tree both in control and moderately hyperglycemic diabetic rats. However, the abundance of membrane-localized CAV-1 was decreased in diabetic kidneys. Intensive insulin treatment reversed the effects of diabetes on each of these parameters. In summary, we observed diabetes-mediated alterations in eNOS and CAV-1 expression that are consistent with the view of decreased bioavailability of renal eNOS-derived NO. PMID: 16731827 Funding information This work was supported by: NIDDK NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: DK-63231
An atom-probe field-ion microscope study of 200-eV 1H+2 ions implanted in tungsten at 29 K (1984)

The atom-probe field-ion microscope (FIM) technique was used to study the low-temperature diffusive behavior of hydrogen (1H) in tungsten. Tungsten FIM specimens were implanted in situ with 200-eV 1H+2 ions, at a specimen temperature of 29 K. The specimens were analyzed chemically on an atomic scale, via the atom-probe FIM technique, during the controlled pulse field evaporation of the (110) planes. No hydrogen events were detected at depths below the surface which corresponded to the calculated mean projected range of either 1H or 1H2. The mean projected ranges were calculated employing a modified version of Biersack’s and Haggmark’s Monte Carlo program entitled trim (Transport of Ions in Matter). The experimental results set a lower bound of (1–10)×10−18 cm2 s−1 on the diffusivity of hydrogen (1H) in tungsten at 29 K. This extremely high diffusivity of hydrogen in tungsten at 29 K, when compared with the value extrapolated from ∼1100 K on an Arrhenius plot, suggests strongly that the diffusion of hydrogen in tungsten should be described by a nonclassical model. In addition, experiments were performed which demonstrated the adsorption of hydrogen on the surface of tungsten FIM tips (initially cleaned atomically by field evaporation) from the ambient pressure in the FIM.