gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intradermal or Sublingual Delivery and Heat-Labile Enterotoxin Proteins Shape Immunologic Responses to a CFA/I Fimbria-Derived Subunit Antigen Vaccine against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (2019)

Enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (ETEC) is a major cause of infectious diarrhea in children, travelers, and deployed military personnel. As such, development of a vaccine would be advantageous for public health. One strategy is to use subunits of colonization factors combined with antigen/adjuvant toxoids as an ETEC vaccine. Here, we investigated the intradermal (i.d.) or sublingual (s.l.) delivery of CFA/I fimbrial antigens, including CfaEB and a CfaE-heat-labile toxin B subunit (LTB) chimera admixed with double mutant heat-labile toxin (LT) LT-R192G/L211A (dmLT). In addition, we compared dmLT with other LT proteins to better understand the generation of adjuvanted fimbrial and toxoid immunity as well as the influence on any local skin reactogenicity. We demonstrate that immunization with dmLT admixed with CfaEB induces robust serum and fecal antibody responses to CFA/I fimbriae and LT but that i.d. formulations are not optimal for s.l. delivery. Improved s.l. vaccination outcomes were observed when higher doses of dmLT (1 to 5 μg) were admixed with CfaEB or, even better, when a CfaE-LTB chimera antigen was used instead. Serum anti-CFA/I total antibodies, detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, were the best predictor of functional antibodies, based on the inhibition of red blood cell agglutination by ETEC. Immunization with other LT proteins or formulations with altered B-subunit binding during i.d. immunization (e.g., by addition of 5% lactose, LTA1, or LT-G33D) minimally altered the development of antibody responses and cytokine recall responses but reduced skin reactogenicity at the injection site. These results reveal how formulations and delivery parameters shape the adaptive immune responses to a toxoid and fimbria-derived subunit vaccine against ETEC.
3D TV using MPEG-2 and H.264 view coding and autostereoscopic displays (2006)

There is a renewed interest in the 3DTV research primarily due to the advances in low cost 3D display technologies. The two views required for 3DTV can be compressed using standard video compression techniques. MPEG-2 is widely used in digital TV applications today and H.264/MPEG-4 AVC is expected to be the leading video technology standard for digital video in the near future. The compression gains and quality of 3DTV will vary depending on the video coding standard used. While inter-view prediction will likely improve the compression efficiency, new approaches such as asymmetric view coding are necessary to greatly reduce bandwidth requirements for 3DTV. This demonstration will show the quality of 3D video experience on autostereoscopic displays using H.264 and MPEG-2. We will also show the benefits of using asymmetric view coding as well as the role of eye dominance on 3DTV experience.
The use of molecular markers for cervical screening of women living with HIV in South Africa (2019)

Molecular screening strategies using HPV, with or without HPV16/18 genotyping, and FAM19A4/miR124-2 methylation have higher sensitivity with an acceptable loss in specificity compared with current cytology screening and are efficient for the detection of CIN3+ in South African women living with HIV.
Neuroprotective action of amidic neurolipins in models of neurotoxicity on the culture of human neural-like cells SH-SY5Y (2019)

It was established that in neurodegeneration models in the human neuron-like cell line SH-SY5Y, amide derivatives of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids were inactive in experiments with MPP+ and CoCl2 but protected from H2O2. The protective activity of neurolipins decreased in the series DHA-DA &gt; AA-SER &gt;= AA-GLY &gt; AA-GABA &gt;= AA-EA and was manifested starting from a concentration of 0.5 nM.
Genome-Wide Identification of PAX3-FKHR Binding Sites in Rhabdomyosarcoma Reveals Candidate Target Genes Important for Development and Cancer (2010)

The PAX3-FKHR fusion protein is present in a majority of alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas associated with increased aggressiveness and poor prognosis. To better understand the molecular pathogenesis of PAX3-FKHR, we carried out the first, unbiased genome-wide identification of PAX3-FKHR binding sites and associated target genes in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. The data shows that PAX3-FKHR binds to the same sites as PAX3 at both MYF5 and MYOD enhancers. The genome-wide analysis reveals that the PAX3-FKHR sites are (a) mostly distal to transcription start sites, (b) conserved, (c) enriched for PAX3 motifs, and (d) strongly associated with genes overexpressed in PAX3-FKHR-positive rhabdomyosarcoma cells and tumors. There is little evidence in our data set for PAX3-FKHR binding at the promoter sequences. The genome-wide analysis further illustrates a strong association between PAX3 and E-box motifs in these binding sites, suggestive of a common coregulation for many target genes. We also provide the first direct evidence that FGFR4 and IGF1R are the targets for PAX3-FKHR. The map of PAX3-FKHR binding sites provides a framework for understanding the pathogenic roles of PAX3-FKHR, as well as its molecular targets to allow a systematic evaluation of agents against this aggressive rhabdomyosarcoma.
PP574 Cost-Effectiveness Of Newborn Screening Of Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases: A Systematic Review And Economic Evaluation (2020)

Introduction Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are a heterogeneous group of over 200 disorders with defects in the function and/or development of the immune system. Although early screening is imperative for improving therapeutic efficiency and preventing disease-associated morbidity, its widespread use has been limited, owing to the low incidence of PIDs. It is particularly important to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of PIDs screening for newborns. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the existing cost-effectiveness evidence on newborn screening of PIDs and to provide reference for decision-makers in China and other developing countries. Methods We conducted a systematic review using three electronic databases (PubMed, CNKI, and CSPD) of cost and cost-effectiveness studies of PIDs screening published during 2000–2019. Two reviewers independently searched databases and screened titles, abstracts and full texts; a third reviewer resolved disputes when necessary. The initial search returned 124 references, of which 10 full articles were included in the review. Five of the studies conducted analyses using model-based techniques. Results Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) was the predominantly studied condition (80%). Most studies (70%) examined the T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) assay. A healthcare system's perspective was commonly used (50%) for cost calculations, and most studies (50%) were US-based. The majority (67%) of the studies found the TREC assay an effective screening tool for SCID, but the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) varied across screening test specificity and disease incidence. Conclusions Evidence from the published literature demonstrated that newborn screening for PIDs generally appeared to be cost-effective, and most importantly, it is lifesaving and allows children with PIDs an opportunity to live a healthier life. However, the type of PIDs included in this study were limited and most studies were done in developed countries whose health systems are different from low-/middle-income countries (LMIC). Further research is required to identify the cost-effectiveness of PIDs screening both in developed and developing countries.
Indoor wireless networks of the future: adaptive network architecture (2012)

Indoor wireless networks connect an increasing number of people to the Internet. Unfortunately, spectrum is limited, and the increasing traffic leads to increased interference. We propose a novel network architecture that reconfigures topologies and frequency bands, adapting to changing indoor traffic demands. The key idea is to have fixed antennas throughout a building, and adaptively switch the connections between these antennas and a number of signal processing units which are each able to handle a fixed number of frequency bands. Our new architecture requires less infrastructure, and frequency utilization is significantly more efficient than in current architectures. Also, our new architecture can be applied to existing wireless standards, including GSM and WLAN. Simulations show that the new architecture is able to improve network satisfaction regarding traffic demands by 75 percent and reduce infrastructure investment by 30 percent on a particular practical case study, compared to current techniques.
Sequence comparison of the phosphoprotein mRNAs of antigenic subgroups A and B of human respiratory syncytial virus identifies a highly divergent domain in the predicted protein (1990)

The sequences of the P mRNA and protein of strain 18537 of antigenic subgroup B of human respiratory syncytial virus were determined by sequencing cloned cDNAs of intracellular mRNA. Comparison with the corresponding sequences of the A2 strain of subgroup A showed that there was extensive sequence identity at both the nucleotide (80% identity) and amino acid (90% identity) levels. The P proteins contained a single divergent region (52% amino acid identity) flanked by highly conserved domains (96% identity). The previously observed differences in electrophoretic mobilities between the P proteins of subgroup A strains and certain subgroup B strains could not be attributed to differences in the polypeptide Mr of the primary translation product.
Effect of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy on Reverse Remodeling and Relation to Outcome (2010)

CRT resulted in significant improvement in cardiac size and performance compared with an ICD-only strategy in patients with mildly symptomatic heart failure. Improvement in these measures accounted for the outcomes benefit. Clinical Trial Registration Information- URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00180271.
Study on Biological Activities of Adventitious Roots Cultured from Echinacea angustifolia (2011)

.Abstract: The Echinacea, which has been commonly known as a species of composite herb of dicotyledonous plant, has been used in native American traditional medicine for the treatment of diseases like colds or other infections in North America. We artificially cultured the adventitious roots of Echinacea angustifolia using the bioreactor culture system from Echinacea angustifolia and evaluated the efficacy as a cosmetic ingredient for skin c are. Several studies previously have reported neogenesis, wound healing and inflamma tory inhibition effect of Echinacea angustifolia but other efficacies were not well known. In the present study, we investigated the cosmetic efficacy to know applicable value of adventitious roots cultured from Echinacea angustifolia as a cosmetic ingredient. The adventitious roots ex-tract of Echinacea angustifolia has superior anti-oxidant effect and matrix metalloproteinase- 2 inhibitory effect, com-pared to natural Echinacea angustifolia. These results indicate that the adventitious roots extract cu ltured from Echinacea angustifolia presents a new possibility of being applicable to skin care an d anti-wrinkle products as a cos-metic ingredient. Keywords: Echinacea angustifolia, matrix metalloproteinase, anti-oxidant, collagenase
SIP and 802.21 for Service Mobility and Pro-active Authentication (2008)

The IEEE 802.21 working group is designing a framework to facilitate handover between heterogeneous networks allowing mobile terminals to get information about nearby networks before performing the handover. The design of a transport protocol for 802.21 signaling is still an open issue and in this paper we propose a solution based on the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) that is the most used standard signaling protocol for voice over IP services. In this paper we focus on the SIP features that allow service mobility, i.e., allow users to use their services regardless the access network they are using. We propose a signaling model in which the 802.21 framework is used to provide information that allow users to activate the SIP mobility procedures before the handover and the SIP messages used for service mobility are used as carriers of 802.21 signaling, too. This allows to reduce the complexity of the signaling infrastructure that performs both service mobility and discovery of information about nearby networks.
Growth of SiO2 thin film by double-excitation photoinduced chemical vapor deposition incorporated with microwave excitation of oxygen (1988)

A new technology for low-temperature growth of good-quality silicon dioxide (SiO2) thin films has been developed. The film growth technology is a double-excitation photoinduced chemical vapor deposition using vacuum ultraviolet and ultraviolet lights from source gases of Si2H6 and microwave-excited O2 in the substrate temperature region of 25–300 °C. Growth rate is about 140 Å/min at 25 °C and does not change with the substrate temperature. Infrared absorption peak of the Si H bond completely disappears in the films deposited even at 25 °C. The interface state density is extremely low and its minimum density is 7×1010 cm−2 eV−1 for the film deposited at 100 °C. The reaction and deposition mechanisms are discussed from mass spectroscopic analysis. O3 molecules are increased by the microwave excitation of O2 and chemically active oxygen radicals are produced by the irradiation of the D2 and Hg lamps. Si2OH5, SiH2, and H2 molecules are also increased by either the photo- or microwave excitation, but H2O and OH are not increased.
Noise filtering in a multi-channel system using a tunable liquid crystal photonic bandgap fiber (2008)

This paper reports on the first application of a liquid crystal infiltrated photonic bandgap fiber used as a tunable filter in an optical transmission system. The device allows low-cost amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise filtering and gain equalization with low insertion loss and broad tunability. System experiments show that the use of this filter increases for times the distance over which the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) is sufficient for error-free transmission with respect to the case in which no filtering is used.
Computer-assisted anatomical placement of a double-bundle ACL through 3D-fitting of a statistically generated femoral template into individual knee geometry (2000)

Femoral graft placement is an important factor in the success of ACL-reconstruction. Besides improving the accuracy of femoral tunnel placement, Computer Assisted Surgery (CAS) can be used to determine the anatomical Location. This requires a 3D femoral template with the position of the anatomical ACL-center, based on endoscopical measurable landmarks. This study describes the development and application of this method. The template is generated through statistical shape analysis of the ACL-insertion, with respect to the anteromedial- (AMB) and posterolateral bundle (PLB). The data is mapped onto a cylinder and related to the intercondylar notch surface and the cartilage border on the lateral notch wall (n=33). The template was programmed in a computer-assisted system for ACL-replacement and validated. The program allows real-time tracking of the femur and interactive digitization under endoscopic control. In a wizard-like fashion the surgeon is guided through steps of acquiring the landmarks for the template alignment. The AMB-and PLB-center are accurate positioned within 1-3 mm of the anatomic insertion-centers in individual knees
Analysis of Reactant Gas Transport in Catalyst Layers; Effect of Pt-loadings (2009)

An analytical in-situ technique was utilized to evaluate reactant gas transport resistance (Rother) in catalyst layers (CLs). It was found that Rother was increased with the decrease of Pt-loadings of the CLs although their thickness was decreased. Effective Knudsen diffusion coefficient was calculated from the pore size distribution and the porosity. It was estimated almost steady regardless of the Pt-loadings. To understand the increase of Rother, a simple transport model was established including Knudsen diffusion resistance in secondary pores and the local transport resistance around the Pt surface. Knudsen diffusion resistance should be decreased in lower Pt-loadings because of the shorter transport length. On the other hand, it was considered that the local transport resistance was increased with decreasing of the effective Pt surface area. Hence, that the effective Pt surface area might be one of the important factors for Rother in the CLs, especially in the lower Pt-loadings.
Molecular epidemiology of lyssaviruses in Eurasia. (2008)

The Lyssavirus genus, a member of the Rhabdoviridae family, consists of seven established related viruses (genotypes 1-7). Rabies cases in Eurasia are principally attributed to three of these genotypes, namely genotype 1 (RABV, classical rabies) and to a lesser extent genotypes 5 and 6 (European bat lyssaviruses type-1 and -2). In addition, four newly identified divergent lyssaviruses have been isolated from insectivorous bats. The molecular diversity of classical rabies viruses (genotype 1, RABV) has been studied at the global level and reference has been made to the existence of a number of European strains in a range of mammalian species. It is accepted that these viruses cluster within a 'Cosmopolitan Lineage' having ancestral roots in Europe in the 17th century before its widespread dispersal to Asia, Africa and the Americas as a result of European exploration and colonization.
The 10-year Survival Analysis of Radiofrequency Ablation for Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma 5 cm or Smaller: Primary versus Recurrent HCC (2021)

Background Although favorable outcomes have been reported with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for limited hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the efficacy of this treatment for recurrent HCC has not been thoroughly investigated. Purpose To compare the long-term outcomes and analyze the prognostic factors for outcomes after RFA for initial HCC versus as a second-line treatment for recurrent HCC. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 560 patients with solitary tumors 5 cm or smaller (263 initial HCCs, 297 -recurrent HCCs) who underwent percutaneous US-guided RFA from January 2005 to December 2016. Of 297 patients with -recurrent HCC, 134 had previously undergone hepatectomy, 128 had undergone transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), and 35 had undergone local ablation therapy. Overall survival (OS) between initial HCC and recurrent HCC was compared before and after propensity score matching. Prognostic factors for all patients were analyzed with the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model. Results A total of 560 patients (mean age, 60 years ± 12 [standard deviation]; 441 men) were evaluated. Before matching, the OS rates at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years were 92.6%, 73.9%, 59.3%, and 39.6%, respectively, in patients with recurrent HCC and 92.8%, 75.4%, 63.3%, and 44.7% in patients with initial HCC (<i>P</i> = .27). After matching, the OS rates at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years were 94.8%, 75.7%, 61.6%, and 47.3% in the initial HCC group and 91.9%, 71.2%, 58.7%, and 45.2% in the recurrent HCC group (<i>P</i> = .32). Among patients with recurrent HCC, no significant difference in mean OS was noted for local recurrence versus distant recurrence (81.6 months ± 5.1 vs 83.8 months ± 6.6, <i>P</i> = .82) or previous treatment modality (82.0 months ± 7.3 in the resection group, 82.7 months ± 5.3 in the TACE group, and 79.3 months ± 10.8 in the local ablation group; <i>P</i> = .83). Local tumor progression after previous local ablation (10 of 35 [28.6%]) was higher than that after previous hepatectomy (15 of 134 [11.2%], <i>P</i> = .04). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that tumor size (hazard ratio, 1.58; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.36; <i>P</i> = .02), portal hypertension (hazard ratio, 1.52; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.26; <i>P</i> = .04), Child-Pugh class (hazard ratio, 2.01; 95% CI: 1.02, 3.96; <i>P</i> = .045), and serum α-fetoprotein level (hazard ratio, 1.62; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.39; <i>P</i> = .01) were independent predictive factors for recurrent HCC outcomes. Conclusion Radiofrequency ablation provides similar long-term survival for solitary hepatocellular carcinoma of 5 cm or less, regardless of whether treatment is initial or salvage therapy. © RSNA, 2021 <i>Online supplemental material is available for this article.</i>
2S protein Ara h 7.0201 has unique epitopes compared to other Ara h 7 isoforms and is comparable to 2S proteins Ara h 2 and 6 in basophil degranulation capacity (2018)

The majority of peanut-allergic patients are sensitized to isoform Ara h 7.0201, which is functionally as active as Ara h 2.0201 and 6.01. Unique epitopes are most likely located in the C-terminus or an allergenic loop region which is a known allergenic epitope region for Ara h 2.0201 and 6.01. Due to its unique epitopes and allergenicity, it is an interesting candidate to improve the diagnostic accuracy for peanut allergy.
Applying finite element analysis to compression garment development (2010)

Finite element analysis (FEA) techniques have been successfully integrated into the development of a variety of sports products, such as athletic footwear, for many years. This paper reports on the possibility of using FEA to assist the development of technical apparel, specifically compression garments. Of particular interest to the pattern engineer and developer are the strain in the garment fabric and the compression given to the wearer. FEA of apparel presents some unique challenges due to the nature of the materials involved and the complex interaction between body and garment. Two dimensional fabric pieces are assembled into a three-dimensional garment in a process akin to sewing. A three dimensional scanned body provides the form around which the garment is virtually assembled and analyzed. Simulated distributions of material strain and pressure on the body are presented. Results of simple simulations are validated against experimental evidence from studies using an optical strain measurement system. Good correlation is evident between simulated and experimentally measured strain on the garment. The ability to simulate garment surface strain and pressure against the body prior to the manufacture of a physical garment is anticipated to be of significant benefit to pattern engineers and garment developers.
Contraction Patterns of Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles Induced by Orderly Recruitment in the Canine (1996)

The specific performance of intrinsic laryngeal muscles has been difficult to evaluate, especially in living subjects. To reproduce natural contractions, we artificially induced orderly recruitment of their innervating axons according to the size principle. In 5 dogs, both recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs) were stimulated with 50 through 10 Hz, 300 to 1000 microA currents while 600 Hz, 1000 to 0 microA decreasing blocking currents were administered. Surface electromyography electrodes placed on the thyroarytenoid, posterior cricoarytenoid, and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles were used to determine the amplitudes (in mA) of compound muscle action potentials. There was a highly statistically significant difference (P<.004) between the thyroarytenoideus which had the fastest rate of recruitment (8.38%), and posterior cricoarytenoideus, which had the slowest (4.81%). There was an intermediate recruitment rate (6.72%) of the lateral cricoarytenoideus, a divergence attributed to a more equal distribution in fast and slow types of myofibers and a smaller sample. We submit that RLN axons can be recruited in an orderly manner according to their sizes and that the rates are unique to the muscle classes they innervate. The parameters defining these contraction patterns may offer key information for laryngeal pacing.