gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of α-Human Atrial Natriuretic Peptide on Proteinuria in Patients with Primary Glomerular Diseases (1989)

1. The effects of synthetic alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-hANP) on urinary protein excretion were examined in nine healthy subjects and 20 patients with primary glomerular diseases who had proteinuria of 1.0 g or more per day. Synthetic alpha-hANP was intravenously infused into supine subjects at a rate of 8.3 pmol min-1 kg-1 for 40 min. 2. Before alpha-hANP infusion, the plasma concentration of immunoreactive alpha-hANP was significantly higher in the patients with glomerulonephritis than in the normal subjects (44.3 +/- 8.7 vs 19.4 +/- 3.0 pmol/l, mean +/- SEM, P less than 0.01) and it showed a positive correlation with mean arterial pressure (rs = 0.84, P less than 0.001) and a negative correlation with creatinine clearance (rs = -0.50, P less than 0.01). 3. During infusion of alpha-hANP, although the urinary excretion of protein did not change significantly in the normal subjects, it increased from 0.6 +/- 0.2 to 3.0 +/- 0.8 mg min-1 m-2 (P less than 0.001) in the patients with glomerulonephritis. The urinary protein/creatinine ratio did not change significantly in the former (from 0.18 +/- 0.05 to 0.22 +/- 0.06; NS), whereas it rose from 3.25 +/- 0.94 to 7.62 +/- 1.31 (P less than 0.001) in the latter. 4. The urinary excretions of albumin and of alpha 1-, alpha 2-, beta- and gamma-globulins, which were electrophoretically analysed, all increased in eight nephrotic patients during or immediately after infusion of alpha-hANP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A study on the removal of infinitesimal particles on a wall by high-speed air jet―Measurements of adhesive force and particle removal rate― (2014)

We investigated the mechanism for the removal of fine particles from a solid wall using a high-speed impinging air jet. In general, it is difficult to remove fine particles of the order of micrometers by the impingement of simple air flow because they strongly adhere to the surface by van der Waals forces and remain immersed in the viscous sublayer. To overcome this, we developed high-speed air jet nozzles with triangular cavities that add strong velocity and pressure fluctuations to the high-speed air flow. The experimental results showed that the cavity nozzle enhances the removal performance for particles larger than 1 μm. The effect of the pressure fluctuation induced in the jet flow on the removal performance is discussed from the experimental results. First, the adhesive force was measured experimentally from the centrifugal force acting on particles with 5-25 μm diameters set on a rotating disk. Based on a simple theoretical consideration regarding the balance of moments acting on a particle, we estimated the effects of hydrodynamic removal forces such as drag, lift, and pressure gradient fluctuation against measured adhesive forces. The theoretical estimation showed that drag plays a major role, and the force of the pressure gradient could be effective for the removal of large particles. The proposed model is able to explain the experimental results indicating that the removal rates for 3-μm-sized particles are improved by the air flow velocity fluctuations generated by the cavity nozzle.
Recombinant human alpha-fetoprotein as a regulator of adipose tissue stromal cell activity (2012)

Recombinant human alpha-fetoprotein (rhAFP) expressed in yeast system as a glycoprotein, was isolated and purified to 98% by multistep method. The testing of the rhAFP in the culture of adipose tissue stromal cells (hASC) has revealed its ability to enhance hASC proliferation and migration as well as vascular endothelial growth factor production, with no significant influence on cell invasion and matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 secretion. It has been also estimated that rhAFP is internalized in hASC via clathrin-dependent mechanism. A study in the murine experimental model of hindlimb ischemia has shown the capability of rhAFP to enhance blood flow recovery. These data suggest that rhAFP is a promising agent for enhancement of the hASC regenerative ability.
On equivalence between network topologies (2010)

One major open problem in network coding is to characterize the capacity region of a general multi-source multi-demand network. There are some existing computational tools for bounding the capacity of general networks, but their computational complexity grows very quickly with the size of the network. This motivates us to propose a new hierarchical approach which finds upper and lower bounding networks of smaller size for a given network. This approach sequentially replaces components of the network with simpler structures, i.e., with fewer links or nodes, so that the resulting network is more amenable to computational analysis and its capacity provides an upper or lower bound on the capacity of the original network. The accuracy of the resulting bounds can be bounded as a function of the link capacities. Surprisingly, we are able to simplify some families of network structures without any loss in accuracy.
Wrinkling control of inflatable booms using smart material patch (2006)

The methodology to restrain the growth of wrinkling region in inflatable boom is numerically and experimentally investigated. The inflatable boom structure is numerically modeled by using ABAQUS finite element program with membrane elements. To consider the nonlinear deformations of inflatable boom due to wrinkling, the numerical algorithm of wrinkling based on Miller-Hedgepeth membrane theory is developed using user defined material (UMAT) subroutine supported by ABAQUS. The experimental model of inflatable boom is made of Kapton film. To characterize the nonlinear behaviors of inflatable boom, the bending tests for various internal pressures are performed. To delay the growth of wrinkled region and restore the deformed shape of inflatable boom, shape memory alloy (SMA) wire actuator attached on surface of the structure is applied.
Atmospheric characterization of terrestrial exoplanets in the mid-infrared: biosignatures, habitability &amp; diversity (2019)

&lt;p&gt;Exoplanet science is one of the most thriving fields of modern astrophysics. A major goal is the atmospheric characterization of dozens of small, terrestrial exoplanets in order to search for signatures in their atmospheres that indicate biological activity, assess their ability to provide conditions for life as we know it, and investigate their expected atmospheric diversity. None of the currently adopted projects or missions, from ground or in space, can address these goals. In this White Paper we argue that a large space-based mission designed to detect and investigate thermal emission spectra of terrestrial exoplanets in the MIR wavelength range provides unique scientific potential to address these goals and surpasses the capabilities of other approaches. While NASA might be focusing on large missions that aim to detect terrestrial planets in reflected light, ESA has the opportunity to take leadership and spearhead the development of a large MIR exoplanet mission within the scope of the "Voyage 2050" long-term plan establishing Europe at the forefront of exoplanet science for decades to come. Given the ambitious science goals of such a mission, additional international partners might be interested in participating and contributing to a roadmap that, in the long run, leads to a successful implementation. A new, dedicated development program funded by ESA to help reduce development and implementation cost and further push some of the required key technologies would be a first important step in this direction. Ultimately, a large MIR exoplanet imaging mission will be needed to help answer one of mankind's most fundamental questions: "How unique is our Earth?"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Differential utilization of calcitonin gene regulatory DNA sequences in cultured lines of medullary thyroid carcinoma and small-cell lung carcinoma. (1990)

Regulation of expression of the human calcitonin gene was found to differ between two tumor lines of different tissue origin, medullary thyroid carcinoma (TT line) and small-cell lung carcinoma (DMS53 line). Distal 5' DNA elements between -750 and -2000 exhibited a stronger basal activity in DMS53 than in TT cells, whereas proximal DNA sequences between -132 and -252 mediated a dramatic cyclic AMP response in TT but not DMS53 cells.
Exogenous proteins in exhaled human breath condensate (2011)

The analysis of the protein composition of exhaled breath to diagnose diseases of the respiratory system raises a problem of differentiation proteins of expressed in the tissues of the lungs and respiratory tract (endogenous) and got in the respiratory system from the ambient air in the process of respiration (exogenous). In this work an attempt was made to estimate a set of exhaled exogenic proteins by mass spectrometry coupled with nanoflow HPLC. Six-month isolation of healthy donors indoors with air cleaned of dust leads to removal from the spectrum of exhaled proteins of some keratins that are considered therefore to be exogenic. Non-keratin proteins may also circulate between the ambient air and human respiratory ways, but their concentration appears to be significantly lower the keratin concentrations (especially epidermis keratin). Among non-keratins dermcidin seems to be the most significant exogenic protein of exhaled air. The conclusion of the diagnostic value of exhaled proteins can be done only after careful comparison of the results of quantitative and qualitative analysis of their composition in norm and pathology for a statistically significant sample of donors.
PRETRANSPLANT BODY MASS INDEX IS A RISK FACTOR FOR EARLY MORTALITY AFTER HEART TRANSPLANTATION (1999)

108 Severe obesity is considered a relative contraindication to cardiac transplantation at some programs. Since there is little systematic data previously reported, we reviewed 381 adult patients (295 male, 86 female, mean age 50.9 ± 12.2 years), who received 256 primary and 25 retransplants between January 1992 and January 1999. 52 cachectic (body mass index, BMI <20 kg/m2), 190 obese (BMI =26-30 kg/m2) and 78 extremely obese patients (BMI > 30 kg/m2) were compared to 190 normal recipients (BMI = 20-27 kg/m2). The BMI at the time of transplant was correlated with 1 and 5 year mortality, incidence of high grade acute rejection (≥ 3A), and development of angiographically-proven transplant related coronary artery disease (TCAD). Kaplan Meier log-rank tests, univariate and multivariate analyses were employed. Severely obese as well as cachectic recipients demonstrated nearly double the 5-year mortality of normal or mildly obese patients (60% and 55.1%, respectively vs. 28.4%, p<0.0001). Excess mortality was observed already at 30 days for extremely obese as well as cachectic recipients 21.5% and 15.2% vs. 6.2% in normal weight recipients. Time to first high grade rejection was significantly less in both the extremely obese and the cachectic patient groups (p=0.018), without a difference in overall rejection frequency over 5 years. Multivariate analysis confirmed the higher mortality as well as earlier first acute rejection in the extremely obese group, but not in the cachectic population. The time to develop TCAD was not influenced by recipient BMI. In addition, univariate analysis showed that an oversized heart (recipient to donor ratio<0.85) was a risk factor for mortality for cachectic but not normal weight recipients (p=0.001). The mismatch occurred primarily in cachectic and normal recipients, since oversizing obese patients was rare. The severely obese as well as the cachectic recipients are at risk of early mortality and earlier high grade acute rejection following heart transplant. In addition, use of oversized donor organs in cachectic patients impacts negatively on survival.
Image-Based 3D Reconstruction and Recognition for Enhanced Highway Condition Assessment (2011)

Frequent and accurate condition assessment is essential for an effective transportation system operation and asset management. Despite the importance, current manual data collection methods for highway assets are time consuming, subjective and sometimes unsafe. There is a need for an automated and efficient data collection method that does not have a significant cost impact and can achieve automation, accuracy, and safety in condition assessment. Over the past few years, advances in technology such as cheap and high-resolution digital cameras and availability of vast data storage has allowed a number of computer vision models to be developed that can detect and assess condition of some individual assets. However, none of these vision-based methods recognize, locate, assess condition of the assets, and visualize their most updated status in a 3D environment. This paper proposes a new approach, based on 3D image-based reconstruction and integrated recognition of color, shape, and texture for highway assets, and presents preliminary results from the developed system on a real world case study.
Treatment planning for Interstitial Photodynamic Therapy for head and neck cancer (2010)

We are investigating the feasibility of interstitial (iPDT), using multiple linear light sources positioned within the tumour. In an on-going feasibility study, 16 patients with incurable SCC at the base tongue have been treated with iPDT as a last treatment option. Preliminary results are encouraging with a long-term complete response in 8 out of 16 patients who have failed standard treatment. There is strong evidence that the partial responders are a direct result of inadequate light delivery. Accurate light dosimetry has not yet been performed during iPDT in head and neck, we therefore propose the development of dedicated iPDT verification and planning technology to improve the clinical response and reduce the occurrence of side effects.

We propose to develop a 3-step approach: 1) Pre-treatment planning, based on MRI in which a tumour and a risk volume are identified. A simple planning algorithm will then estimate the optimal positions, amount and lengths of the linear light sources. 2) Verification 3D imaging e.g. X-ray C-arm of the source locations after placement, 3) Modification of the pre-treatment planning based on the actual source locations. The modification step will be executed in two phases; initially aiming to implement a simple planning strategy. This approach will be based on iPDT induced tissue damage and does not take into account any patient specific PDT parameters. In the second phase we aim to investigate methods to measure the actual light transport within the tumour and risk volumes. These measurements enables for a patient tailored inverse planning strategy aiming for improved accuracy. The performance of the proposed planning strategies and their clinical results will be evaluated by mutual comparison and previous results. 

The clinical results so far indicate good conservation of functions i.e. swallowing, and excellent local control of the tumour. Interstitial PDT may offer an excellent alternative or adjuvant for conventional treatment modalities.
Molecular motion, morphology and properties of 3-isocyanato-propyltriethoxysilane-modified multi-walled carbon nanotube/epoxy composites (2011)

In this study, both epoxy resin and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were modified with 3-isocyanato-propyltriethoxysilane (IPTES). Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy microphotographs show that the MWCNTs dispersed well in the epoxy matrix. The molecular motion of silane-modified MWCNT/epoxy composites was studied using high-resolution solid-state 13C NMR. Results show that 1 wt% silane-modified MWCNT/epoxy composite exhibits less molecular motion than composite with a lower silane-modified MWCNT content. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the neat epoxy is 192.6°C and increases to 212.5°C with 1 wt% IPTES-MWCNT content. Dynamic mechanical analysis data of the MWCNT/epoxy composites show the storage modulus at 50°C and the Tg of the IPTES-modified epoxy increased with IPTES-MWCNT content.
A Novel Cyclisation Strategy for the Synthesis of Lactonamycin: A New Route to Highly Functionalised Heterocyclic Rings (2006)

A novel thermal cascade reaction equivalent to the well-known [2+2+2] cycloaddition has been developed which is clean and reliable and does not involve the use of metal ions. This highly efficient method has been used to construct a model for the synthesis of the antibiotic lactonamycin. The utility of this new sequence for the formation of furans is also reported.
Thermodynamically preferred axial allylic –NHTs substituent in simple l-triisopropylsilyl(oxy) cyclohexenes: solid state conformation by X-ray crystallography (1991)

For a series of 6-(4-methylphenylsulphonyl)amino-1-triisopropylsilyl(oxy)-cyclohexenes the preferred conformation, in the solid state, has the –NHTs (Ts = 4-methylphenylsulphonyl) group in an axial orientation; if the axial-NHTs group experiences a 1,3-diaxial interaction with a methyl group, the equatorial conformation becomes the thermodynamically more stable form.
Involvement of aspartoacylase in tremor expression in rats (2016)

Essential tremor (ET) is a common movement disorder with a poorly understood etiology. The TRM/Kyo mutant rat, showing spontaneous tremor, is an animal model of ET. Recently, we demonstrated that tremors in these rats emerge when two mutant loci, a missense mutation in the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated potassium channel 1 (Hcn1) and the tremor (tm) deletion, are present simultaneously. However, we did not identify which gene within the tm deletion causes tremor expression in TRM/Kyo rats. A strong candidate among the 13 genes within the tm deletion is aspartoacylase (Aspa), because some Aspa-knockout mouse strains show tremor. Here, we generated Aspa-knockout rats using transcription activator-like effector nuclease technology and produced Aspa/Hcn1 double-mutant rats by crossing Aspa-knockout rats with Hcn1-mutant rats. The Aspa-knockout rats carried nonsense mutations in exon 4; and ASPA proteins were not detectable in their brain extracts. They showed elevated levels of N-acetyl-L-aspartate (NAA) in urine and spongy vacuolation and abnormal myelination in the central nervous system, but no tremor. By contrast, Aspa/Hcn1 double-mutant rats spontaneously showed tremors resembling those in TRM/Kyo rats, and the tremor was suppressed by drugs therapeutic for ET but not for parkinsonian tremor. These findings indicated that the lack of the Aspa gene caused tremor expression in TRM/Kyo rats. Our animal model suggested that the interaction of NAA accumulation due to ASPA deficiency with an unstable neuronal membrane potential caused by HCN1 deficiency was involved in tremor development.
Single-layered organic photovoltaics with double cascading charge transport pathways: 18% efficiencies (2021)

The chemical structure of donors and acceptors limit the power conversion efficiencies achievable with active layers of binary donor-acceptor mixtures. Here, using quaternary blends, double cascading energy level alignment in bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic active layers are realized, enabling efficient carrier splitting and transport. Numerous avenues to optimize light absorption, carrier transport, and charge-transfer state energy levels are opened by the chemical constitution of the components. Record-breaking PCEs of 18.07% are achieved where, by electronic structure and morphology optimization, simultaneous improvements of the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current and fill factor occur. The donor and acceptor chemical structures afford control over electronic structure and charge-transfer state energy levels, enabling manipulation of hole-transfer rates, carrier transport, and non-radiative recombination losses.
Long-term results of a porous tantalum monoblock tibia component: clinical and radiographic results at follow-up of 10 years (2017)

Long-term follow-up of TM monoblock tibia components confirm excellent survivorship and biologic implant fixation, with excellent outcomes and knee scores.
Abstract P089: Social Inequalities in Coronary Heart Disease Across European Populations. The MORGAM Project Cohort Component (2015)

Aims: To compare the magnitude of educational classes inequalities in CHD morbidity in Europe, and to assess to what extent they are explained by major risk factors. Methods: The MORGAM study comprised 45 cohorts from Finland, Denmark, Sweden, Northern Ireland, Scotland, France, Germany, Northern Italy, Lithuania, Poland and Russia. Baseline data collection and follow-up (median 12 years) of fatal and non-fatal CHD events adhered to MONICA-like procedures. We derived 3 educational classes from population-, sex- and birth year-specific tertiles of years of schooling. We estimated the age-adjusted difference in event rates, and the age- and risk factors-adjusted hazard ratio (HR), between the bottom and the top of the educational classes distribution from sex- and population-specific Poisson and Cox regression models, respectively. We provided pooled HR estimates too, and tested the hypothesis of homogeneity of inequalities adding population*education interaction terms. We defined the contribution of risk factors to HRs as (ln⁡HR[RFadj]- ln⁡HR[AGEadj]) / ln⁡HR[AGEadj] . Results: The cohorts included 89,307 CHD-free subjects aged 35-64 at baseline (48,706 men). The age-adjusted difference in CHD incidence rates ranged in men from 116 CHD events per 100,000 person-years in Germany to 782 in Scotland; in women from 17 (West Finland) to 391 (Scotland). In north Italian women the rate difference corresponded to 130% of the average event rate. Age-adjusted pooled HRs were 1.6 in men and 2.0 in women, with some variability across populations (homogeneity test p-value=0.3 in men and 0.1 in women) and genders (figure). Blood lipids, systolic BP, smoking and diabetes explained 37% of risk excess in each sex; main contributors were smoking in men (20%) and HDL-cholesterol in women (14%). Geographic gradients for CHD mortality were similar. Conclusions: Social inequalities in CHD are present in most European populations, with no clear North-South geographic gradient in women. To target major risk factors may in part reduce the gap.
EMPOWER Strategy Document and Collaboration Roadmap v1 (2020)

This document presents the first update of the EMPOWER Strategy Document and Collaboration Roadmap. This document presents the results of the discussions reached so far, after the first year of the Project and includes the updated strategy for collaboration and the planned roadmap/agenda of activities and collaboration opportunities for the short term. This document focuses on the definition of the key challenges to overcome for a fruitful collaboration and a deep analysis of the different actors involved in the research on advance wireless communication platforms. Following the experts’ comments during the Project Review (10 July 2020), the partners revised the document, providing further information about the standardization and regulation aspects as well as the areas of collaboration, as requested. The next update of the EMPOWER Strategy Document and Collaboration Roadmap is scheduled at M28, in February 2021.