gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Chimeric Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein Vaccine Induces High Titers of Parasite Growth Inhibitory Antibodies (2013)

The C-terminal 19-kDa domain of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 (PfMSP119) is an established target of protective antibodies. However, clinical trials of PfMSP142, a leading blood-stage vaccine candidate which contains the protective epitopes of PfMSP119, revealed suboptimal immunogenicity and efficacy. Based on proof-of-concept studies in the Plasmodium yoelii murine model, we produced a chimeric vaccine antigen containing recombinant PfMSP119 (rPfMSP119) fused to the N terminus of P. falciparum merozoite surface protein 8 that lacked its low-complexity Asn/Asp-rich domain, rPfMSP8 (ΔAsn/Asp). Immunization of mice with the chimeric rPfMSP1/8 vaccine elicited strong T cell responses to conserved epitopes associated with the rPfMSP8 (ΔAsn/Asp) fusion partner. While specific for PfMSP8, this T cell response was adequate to provide help for the production of high titers of antibodies to both PfMSP119 and rPfMSP8 (ΔAsn/Asp) components. This occurred with formulations adjuvanted with either Quil A or with Montanide ISA 720 plus CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) and was observed in both inbred and outbred strains of mice. PfMSP1/8-induced antibodies were highly reactive with two major alleles of PfMSP119 (FVO and 3D7). Of particular interest, immunization with PfMSP1/8 elicited higher titers of PfMSP119-specific antibodies than a combined formulation of rPfMSP142 and rPfMSP8 (ΔAsn/Asp). As a measure of functionality, PfMSP1/8-specific rabbit IgG was shown to potently inhibit the in vitro growth of blood-stage parasites of the FVO and 3D7 strains of P. falciparum. These data support the further testing and evaluation of this chimeric PfMSP1/8 antigen as a component of a multivalent vaccine for P. falciparum malaria.
Simulation and analysis of V-22 tiltrotor aircraft forward-flight flowfield (1996)

The flowfield about a wing-fuselage-nacelle configuration of the V-22 tiltrotor aircraft at a freestream Mach number of 0.345 and angles of attack ranging from 7 to 16 deg is simulated by using a multizone, thin-layer NavierStokes method. The flow conditions yield a Reynolds number of 18.2 x 10 based on the wing chord for flight at an altitude of 10,000 ft. Major flow features including the three-dimensional flow separation from viscous-vortex interactions observed experimentally are captured by the simulation. The massive separation from the wing and the fore fuselage-sponson region for flows at high angles of attack creates free vortices that pass by the rear fuselage region, including the tail section of the aircraft.
F-49 Comparison of X-ray and Mass Spectroscopy Based Analytical Methods for Detection of Organic Contamination (2010)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
A framework to determine the probability density function for the output power of wind farms (2012)

This paper proposes a numerical framework to propagate wind-speed uncertainty through to the power output of a wind farm while factoring in the availability of the wind turbines in the farm. In particular, given a probability density function (pdf) that describes wind speed, and a statistical availability model for the wind turbines, we propose a method to determine the wind-farm power output pdf. The proposed framework offers several advantages over conventional methods, e.g., it is agnostic to the wind-speed distribution and easily incorporates wind farm availability. Case studies compare the wind farm power distributions computed using the proposed framework with field data for an actual wind farm. In addition, we demonstrate how the framework allows the computation of common wind generation indices such as the expected available wind energy, expected generated wind energy, and capacity factor.
IoT Passport (2019)

Internet-of-Things (IoT) is a rapidly-growing transformative expansion of the Internet with increasing influence on our daily life. Since the number of "things" is expected to soon surpass human population, control and automation of IoT devices has received considerable attention from academia and industry. Cross-platform collaboration is highly desirable for better user experience due to fragmentation of user needs and vendor products with time. Centralized approaches have been used to build federated trust among platforms and devices, but limit diversity and scalability. We propose a decentralized trust framework, called IoT Passport, for cross-platform collaborations using blockchain technology. IoT Passport is motivated by the familiar use of passports for international travel but with greater dynamism. It enables platforms to establish arbitrary trust relations with each other containing specific rules for intended collaborations, enforced by a combination of smart contracts. Each interaction among devices is signed by the participants and recorded on the blockchain. The records are utilized as attributes for authorization and as proofs of incentive plans. This approach incorporates the preferences of participating platforms and end users, and opens new avenues for collaborative edge computing as well as research on blockchain-based access control mechanism for IoT environments.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies on Highly Functionalized γ‐Lactam Natural Products, Pl‐091 (I) and Epolactaene (II). (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Friendship in the Axiverse: Late-time direct and astrophysical signatures of early-time nonlinear axion dynamics (2021)

A generic low-energy prediction of string theory is the existence of a large collection of axions, commonly known as a string axiverse. Axions also have a natural cosmological production mechanism, vacuum misalignment, making them well-motivated dark matter (DM) candidates. Much work on axion production has considered the case of a single free axion, but in a realistic axiverse, string axions are expected to be distributed densely over many orders of magnitude in mass, and to interact with one another through their joint potential. In this paper, we show that non-linearities in this potential lead to a new type of resonant energy transfer between axions with nearby masses. This resonance generically transfers energy from axions with larger decay constants to those with smaller decay constants, and leads to a multitude of signatures. These include enhanced direct detection prospects for a resonant pair comprising even a small subcomponent of dark matter, and boosted small-scale structure if the pair is the majority of DM. Near-future iterations of experiments such as ADMX and DM Radio will be sensitive to this scenario, as will astrophysical probes of DM substructure.
Legume genome evolution viewed through the <i>Medicago truncatula</i> and <i>Lotus japonicus</i> genomes (2006)

Genome sequencing of the model legumes, Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus, provides an opportunity for large-scale sequence-based comparison of two genomes in the same plant family. Here we report synteny comparisons between these species, including details about chromosome relationships, large-scale synteny blocks, microsynteny within blocks, and genome regions lacking clear correspondence. The Lotus and Medicago genomes share a minimum of 10 large-scale synteny blocks, each with substantial collinearity and frequently extending the length of whole chromosome arms. The proportion of genes syntenic and collinear within each synteny block is relatively homogeneous. Medicago-Lotus comparisons also indicate similar and largely homogeneous gene densities, although gene-containing regions in Mt occupy 20-30% more space than Lj counterparts, primarily because of larger numbers of Mt retrotransposons. Because the interpretation of genome comparisons is complicated by large-scale genome duplications, we describe synteny, synonymous substitutions and phylogenetic analyses to identify and date a probable whole-genome duplication event. There is no direct evidence for any recent large-scale genome duplication in either Medicago or Lotus but instead a duplication predating speciation. Phylogenetic comparisons place this duplication within the Rosid I clade, clearly after the split between legumes and Salicaceae (poplar).
Comparison of CO and NO Emissions from Propane, <i>n</i>-Butane, and Dimethyl Ether Premixed Flames (1999)

We report a comparison of CO and NO emissions from dimethyl ether (DME), propane, and n-butane laminar premixed flames. Measurements were made with a water-cooled stainless steel sampling probe situated above the visible reaction zone of a co-flow burner. Species were measured by a Nicolet Magna 550 FTIR spectrometer. The fuels were compared on the basis of constant mass flow, constant C-atom flow, and constant firing rate. Results were corrected for dilution by entrained air. Our results indicate that on all bases considered, DME demonstrated lower CO emission than propane and n-butane over a broad range of stoichiometries. NO production from DME was generally less than or similar to propane and n-butane over the same stoichiometric range. We conclude that in terms of its relative CO and NO production, DME is a viable alternative utility fuel.
Albumin displacement at the air–water interface by Tween (Polysorbate) surfactants (2020)

Tween (polysorbate) 20 and 80 are surfactants used for the development of parenteral protein drugs, due to their beneficial safety profile and stabilisation properties. To elucidate the mechanism by which Tween 20 and 80 stabilise proteins in aqueous solutions, either by a "direct" protein to surfactant interaction and/or by an interaction with the protein film at the air-water interface, we used spectroscopic (Infrared Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy, IRRAS) and microscopic techniques (Brewster Angle Microscopy, BAM) in combination with surface pressure measurements. To this end, the impact of both types of Tweens with regard to the displacement of the protein from the air-water interface was studied. As a model protein, human serum albumin (HSA) was used. The results for the displacement of the adsorbed HSA films by Tweens 20 and 80 can partially be understood on the basis of an orogenic displacement mechanism, which depends on the critical surface pressure of the adsorbed protein film. With increasing concentration of Tween in the sub-phase, BAM images showed the formation of different domain morphologies. IRRA-spectra supported the finding that at high protein concentration in the sub-phase, the protein film could not be completely displaced by the surfactants. Comparing the impact of both surfactants, we found that Tween 20 adsorbed faster to the protein film than Tween 80. The adsorption kinetics of both Tweens and the speed of protein displacement increased with rising surfactant concentration. Tween 80 reached significant lower surface pressures than Tween 20, which led to an incomplete displacement of the observed HSA film.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐DIPOLAR CHARACTER OF SIX‐MEMBERED AROMATIC RINGS. XXIII. PHOTO‐OXIDATION OF 1‐METHYL‐3‐OXIDO‐5‐PHENYLPYRIDINIUM (1977)

Abstract Aus 1‐Phenyl‐3‐oxidopyridinium‐Betain (I) erhält man bei der Photolyse in Gegenwart von Sauerstoff über die Hydroperoxy‐Zwischenstufe (II) das N‐Phenyl‐maleinimid (III).
Sports-related brain injuries: connecting pathology to diagnosis (2016)

Brain injuries are becoming increasingly common in athletes and represent an important diagnostic challenge. Early detection and management of brain injuries in sports are of utmost importance in preventing chronic neurological and psychiatric decline. These types of injuries incurred during sports are referred to as mild traumatic brain injuries, which represent a heterogeneous spectrum of disease. The most dramatic manifestation of chronic mild traumatic brain injuries is termed chronic traumatic encephalopathy, which is associated with profound neuropsychiatric deficits. Because chronic traumatic encephalopathy can only be diagnosed by postmortem examination, new diagnostic methodologies are needed for early detection and amelioration of disease burden. This review examines the pathology driving changes in athletes participating in high-impact sports and how this understanding can lead to innovations in neuroimaging and biomarker discovery.
The Broken Marketplace—Reversing a $100 Billion Tax (2002)

The tremendous growth of institutional assets throughout the late 1980s and 1990s combined with Securities and Exchange Commission- and exchange-led initiatives have created inefficiencies in the system for institutions. Institutions have outgrown the current market9s ability to handle their business efficiently. In this article, we discuss some of the problems that institutions encounter as well as our proposed solution of creating a separate trading venue for the wholesale marketplace that focuses more on institutional needs.
NMR structure of bucandin, a neurotoxin from the venom of the Malayan krait (Bungarus candidus) (2001)

A high-resolution solution structure of bucandin, a neurotoxin from Malayan krait (Bungarus candidus), was determined by 1H-NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics. The average backbone root-mean-square deviation for the 20 calculated structures and the mean structure is 0.47 Å (1 Å = 0.1nm) for all residues and 0.24 Å for the well-defined region that spans residues 23–58. Secondary-structural elements include two antiparallel β-sheets characterized by two and four strands. According to recent X-ray analysis, bucandin adopts a typical three-finger loop motif and yet it has some peculiar characteristics that set it apart from other common α-neurotoxins. The presence of a fourth strand in the second antiparallel β-sheet had not been observed before in three-finger toxins, and this feature was well represented in the NMR structure. Although the overall fold of the NMR structure is similar to that of the X-ray crystal structure, there are significant differences between the two structures that have implications for the pharmacological action of the toxin. These include the extent of the β-sheets, the conformation of the region spanning residues 42–49 and the orientation of some side chains. In comparison with the X-ray structure, the NMR structure shows that the hydrophobic side chains of Trp27 and Trp36 are stacked together and are orientated towards the tip of the middle loop. The NMR study also showed that the two-stranded β-sheet incorporated in the first loop, as defined by residues 1–22, and the C-terminus from Asn59, is probably flexible relative to the rest of the molecule. On the basis of the dispositions of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic side chains, the structure of bucandin is clearly different from those of cytotoxins.
Supplementary Figure from Targeting Ribonucleotide Reductase Induces Synthetic Lethality in PP2A-Deficient Uterine Serous Carcinoma (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Targeting Ribonucleotide Reductase Induces Synthetic Lethality in PP2A-Deficient Uterine Serous Carcinoma
Latency Analysis of Coalescence for Robot Groups (2007)

Coalescence is the problem of isolated mobile robots independently searching for peers with the goal of forming a single connected network. This is important because communication is a necessary requirement for several collaborative robot tasks. In this paper, we consider a scenario where the robots do not have any information about the environment or positions of other robots and perform a random walk search. We show through probabilistic analysis that as the number of isolated robots N increases, the expected coalescence time decreases as 1/radicN. Simulations results are presented to validate this analysis.
Relationships Between the Importation, Transmission, and Nosocomial Infections of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: An Observational Study of 112 Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (2013)

Measured associations between MRSA admission prevalence, acquisition rate, and INCC rate were consistent with the hypothesis that decreased acquisition led to decreased importation, which in turn further abated acquisition. The downward trend in INCC rate specifically among individuals with negative admission surveillance tests suggests that decreasing transmission contributed to lower rates of nosocomial MRSA infection.
Microwave Synthesis of Fullerene-Doped MgB<sub>2</sub> (2012)

Unconventional in situ synthesis of MgB2 undoped and doped with fullerene (C60) was performed by using a single-mode microwave (MW) furnace. Structural properties suggested that C substitutes for B in the crystal lattice of MgB2, while the Jc showed typical enhancement at high magnetic fields when C chemical doping occurred. This behavior was similar to published results for another field-activated unconventional method of processing, i.e., spark plasma sintering, and it was opposite to the conventional powder-in-tube method for which chemical substitution was not realized when using addition of C60. Certain morphologically unique features such as the occurrence of needlelike grains were revealed in the MW samples. Our MW samples showed higher relative density (≤83%) than previously reported data. Magnetic relaxation experiments suggested the presence of microscopic flux jumps in the MW samples, while macroscopic flux jumps were not observed.
Simultaneous Double C2/C3 Functionalization of Quinoline with p-Nitrobenzoyl(phenyl)acetylene. One-Pot Synthesis of 3-(4-Nitrobenzoyl)-2-phenylquinoline (2018)

4-Nitrophenyl)(2-phenylquinolin-3-yl)methanone has been synthesized in one step by simultaneous double C2/C3 functionalization of the pyridine ring of quinoline molecule by the action of p-nitrobenzoyl( phenyl)acetylene in aqueous potassium hydroxide.
Conformations of the dermenkephalin backbone in dimethyl sulfoxide solution by a new approach to the solution conformations of flexible peptides (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformations of the dermenkephalin backbone in dimethyl sulfoxide solution by a new approach to the solution conformations of flexible peptidesG. V. Nikiforovich, O. Prakash, C. A. Gehrig, and Victor J. HrubyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 9, 3399–3406Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00062a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00062a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views88Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mechanics Modeling of Hierarchical Wrinkle Structures from the Sequential Release of Prestrain (2018)

Three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical wrinkles can be generated on prestrained thermoplastic substrates by sequential cycles of skin layer growth followed by the release of prestrain. However, no mechanics models have explained the formation of multigenerational nanostructures using this nanofabrication process. This article describes an analytical model that can represent multiscale wrinkles with arbitrary numbers of generations. Structural features including wrinkle wavelengths and amplitudes on the nanoscale that are predicted by minimizing the total deformation energy of the system. The calculated wavelengths in each generation are in good agreement with experiment. Our mathematical approach provides design principles for achieving multigenerational hierarchical structures.
Integrated Models Of Textile Composites (2002)

ply warp-lcmtstitched fabrics provided for models of composites reinforced with woven and multi-axial multitools for analysis of composites processing and properties. Examples are mechanical and permeability models for composites, which provide simulation and tension. The model of the textile geometry serves as a base for mesolinear, non-conservative inelastic behaviour of yams in compression, bending for textile composites. It allows handling of complex textile structure with nonprinciple of textile modelling, creating an integrated modelling and design tool challenge addressed m the paper is to take full advantage of the herarchcal represented by a model of textile geometry and mechanical behaviour. The Textile materials are characterised by a herarchy of structure, which can be
Correction: Chemical Clearing and Dehydration of GFP Expressing Mouse Brains (2012)

Generally, chemical tissue clearing is performed by a solution consisting of two parts benzyl benzoate and one part benzyl alcohol. However, prolonged exposure to this mixture markedly reduces the fluorescence of GFP expressing specimens, so that one has to compromise between clearing quality and fluorescence preservation. This can be a severe drawback when working with specimens exhibiting low GFP expression rates. Thus, we screened for a substitute and found that dibenzyl ether (phenylmethoxymethylbenzene, CAS 103-50-4) can be applied as a more GFP-friendly clearing medium. Clearing with dibenzyl ether provides improved tissue transparency and strikingly improved fluorescence intensity in GFP expressing mouse brains and other samples as mouse spinal cords, or embryos. Chemical clearing, staining, and embedding of biological samples mostly requires careful foregoing tissue dehydration. The commonly applied tissue dehydration medium is ethanol, which also can markedly impair GFP fluorescence. Screening for a substitute also for ethanol we found that tetrahydrofuran (CAS 109-99-9) is a more GFP-friendly dehydration medium than ethanol, providing better tissue transparency obtained by successive clearing. Combined, tetrahydrofuran and dibenzyl ether allow dehydration and chemical clearing of even delicate samples for UM, confocal microscopy, and other microscopy techniques.