gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring of GNSS Signals for Electronic Toll Collection (2014)

Various road user charging mechanisms are used to control traffic and its resulting pollution, as well as revenue sources for reinvestment in the road infrastructure. Among them, electronic toll collection (ETC) systems based on user positions estimated with Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are particularly attractive due to their flexibility and reduced roadside infrastructure in comparison to other systems such as tollbooths. Because GNSS positioning may be perturbed by different errors and failures, ETC systems, as liability critical applications, should monitor the integrity of GNSS signals in order to limit the use of faulty positions and the consequent charging errors. The integrity-monitoring systems have been originally designed for civil aviation; hence, they need to be adapted to the ETC requirements. This paper studies the use of receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM), which are algorithms run within the GNSS receiver and, therefore, are easier to tune to ETC needs than other systems based on external information. The weighted least squares residual RAIM used in civil aviation is analyzed, and an algorithm modification for ETC is proposed. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed RAIM algorithm has a superior level of availability over civil-aviation-based RAIM procedures, particularly in urban environments.
Allelic Variation in the Serotonin Transporter Promoter Modulates Cortical Excitability (Retracted article. See vol. 67, pg. 193, 2010) (2009)

Background: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive procedure that may be used to study individual differences in motor cortex excitability. Such differences are assumed to reflect serotonergic and other inputs to the motor cortex.
Inhibition of HIV Type 1 Replication in CD4 <sup>+</sup> and CD14 <sup>+</sup> Cells Purified from HIV Type 1-Infected Individuals by the 2-5A Agonist Immunomodulator, 2-5A <sup>N6B</sup> (2007)

Two major interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral defense enzymes are double-stranded (ds)RNA-dependent 2',5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A) synthetase (2-5OAS) and p68 kinase (PKR). When activated by dsRNA, 2-5OAS synthesizes 2-5A, which binds to and activates RNase L. Activated RNase L hydrolyzes single-stranded viral RNA, thereby inhibiting viral protein synthesis. HIV-1 inhibits the IFN-mediated intracellular antiviral pathways. We have reported the synthesis and characterization of a nuclease-resistant 2-5A agonist (2-5A(N6B)) that overcomes the HIV-1 induced blockades by restoring the 2-5OAS/RNase L antiviral pathway (Homan JW, et al., J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2002;30:9-20). The objective of this study was to test the effect of 2-5A(N6B) on chronically infected CD4(+) T lymphocytes and CD14(+) monocytes derived from HIV-1-seropositive individuals. Wild-type HIV-1 replication was effectively inhibited by 2-5A(N6B) in CD4(+) T lymphocytes and CD14(+) monocytes purified from HIV-1 seropositive individuals (n = 18) compared to untreated cells. We also assessed the cytotoxicity of 2-5A(N6B) and report that 2-5A(N6B) exerts its anti-HIV-1 activity with no evidence of cytotoxicity (IC(90) > 100,000 nM). Furthermore, 2-5A(N6B) did not alter the cellular RNA profile, affect CCR5 or CXCR4 coreceptor expression, or activate caspase-dependent apoptosis. Evidence is also provided to show that 2-5A(N6B), and naturally occurring 2-5A(4), act as ligands to activate human Toll-like receptor 4. These results indicate that the 2-5A agonist 2-5A(N6B) has the potential to enhance host cell innate and acquired immune defense mechanisms against HIV-1 infection.
Photodynamic therapy in glioblastoma: Detection of intraoperative inadvertent 5-ALA mediated photodynamic therapeutical effect after gross total resection (2022)

In the present study, a probable inadvertent 5-ALA photodynamic therapeutical effect has been detected in vivo. This finding widely opens the door for further research on this promising theragnostic tool.
Influence of partly closed slots on the differential inductances (2012)

A prerequisite for sensorless field oriented control of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) at very low speed and standstill operation using signal injection methods is a sufficient saliency ratio of the differential inductances throughout the desired operating area. High frequency signal injection methods are very common in order to perform saliency tracking based sensorless operation. Vanishing saliency for certain operating points or a change of the sign of the difference of the differential inductances, which needs to be known for the sensorless algorithm, causes the loss of stability of the sensorless control method. A closed or partly closed stator slot geometry tends to show a local current dependent loss of the saliency even for low currents. This phenomenon typically shows up as a star-shaped pattern of the inductance surface as discussed further within this paper.
Efficient Localization Using Radio-Based Sensors and Odometry (2019)

One of the most important and diverse topics of the modern research landscape is Industry 4.0. Apart from tasks like management of energy or flexible production processes, autonomous industrial robots play a crucial role in this context. Because of the lacking accuracy of global navigation systems in indoor environments, other radio-based methods are required for indoor localization. In this paper, we present a cost-efficient approach that fuses the data of established sensors of autonomous robots with a radio-based method. Signal strength measurements are used for Direction of Arrival estimation, yielding the advantage that no prior information about the environment is required for localizing the object in contrast to the widespread Fingerprinting. The radio-based concept is supported in this work by odometry measurements of the mobile platform. By fusing these information, the concept of a low-cost and powerful localization method is introduced. To allow for an efficient fusion concept, we perform a detailed stochastic characterization of all utilized sensors and motion models. The potential of the localization approach is validated by various differing simulation scenarios and real life measurements.
Color constancy using CNNs (2015)

In this work we describe a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to accurately predict the scene illumination. Taking image patches as input, the CNN works in the spatial domain without using hand-crafted features that are employed by most previous methods. The network consists of one convolutional layer with max pooling, one fully connected layer and three output nodes. Within the network structure, feature learning and regression are integrated into one optimization process, which leads to a more effective model for estimating scene illumination. This approach achieves state-of-the-art performance on a standard dataset of RAW images. Preliminary experiments on images with spatially varying illumination demonstrate the stability of the local illuminant estimation ability of our CNN.
Predictive Validity of a 2-Question Alcohol Screen at 1-, 2-, and 3-Year Follow-up (2019)

The NIAAA 2-question screen can accurately characterize adolescent risk for future AUDs. Future studies are needed to determine optimaluse of the screen.
<scp>R</scp>ichter's hernia after an intraperitoneal mesh repair (2014)

For ventral hernia repair, laparoscopic surgery offers various advantages, including the application of a large mesh using the intraperitoneal approach. However, improper closure of the port site may lead to serious complications. Port-site hernia is a rare outcome of inadequate repair of the fascial or peritoneal layer, and Richter's hernia in a high risk patient, in the presence of an intraperitoneal mesh, is a particularly challenging scenario. Herein, we present a 58-year-old woman who, after a ventral hernia repair, was diagnosed with a small bowel hernia through a 10-mm port site. The patient complained of pain and mild swelling at the port site in the postoperative period, and her symptoms indicated intestinal obstruction. Clinical evaluation and abdominal X-ray confirmed the diagnosis, and early laparoscopic re-exploration and management were the key to a favorable outcome.
Total Synthesis of Phoslactomycin B and Its Biosynthetic Deamino Precursor (2006)

The implicated intermediate in the biosynthesis of phospholine (phoslactomycin B, see picture), namely its deamino precursor, as well as phospholine itself are synthesized. The phoslactomycins show antitumor, antibacterial, and antifungal activities, however, it is not yet known which part of the skeleton contributes to the activities. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z600458_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
THE URODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF AN ^|^alpha;1-ADRENOCEPTOR AGONIST ON THE BLADDER AND URETHRA OF FEMALE DOGS (1991)

It has been known that alpha 1-adrenoceptors play an important role in urethral contraction. The incompetence of the urethral contraction is a cause of stress incontinence. We studied the urodynamic effects of a selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist (midodrine hydrochloride) on the bladder and urethra of female dogs. Under anesthesia with intravenous chloralose, four doses (0.03, 0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 mg/kg) of midodrine were administered intravenously and urodynamic studies including cystometry, urethral pressure profilometry and electromyography (EMG) of the external urethral sphincter were performed. The administration of midodrine induced a significant increase of the maximum closing pressure in the proximal portion of the urethra (p less than 0.05 at 0.03 mg/kg and p less than 0.01 at 0.1, 0.3, 1.0 mg/kg). There were no significant changes in the functional profile length, the closing pressure at the external sphincters, the maximum bladder pressure, bladder capacity and bladder compliance. The administration of 0.3 mg/kg or more of midodrine produced a significant increase in the mean arterial blood pressure. After midodrine administration, transient increases in the external sphincter EMG activities were recognized. The activities showed the synergistic pattern during the bladder contractions. In conclusion, lower dose administration of a selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist (midodrine) specifically produced an increase of the closing pressure in the proximal portion of the urethra without affecting blood pressure. These results suggest that midodrine is useful for the treatment of stress incontinence in humans.
Reaching people receiving opioid agonist therapy at community pharmacies with hepatitis C virus: an international randomised controlled trial (2022)

NCT03935906.
Estrogen therapy, independent of timing, improves cardiac structure and function in oophorectomized mRen2.Lewis rats (2013)

Although there are some similarities between E2-early and E2-late treatments in relation to preservation of diastolic function and cardiac structure after OVX, the lusitropic potential of E2 is most consistent with late supplementation. The cardioprotective effects of E2-late are independent of blood pressure and may have occurred through regulation of cardiac biopterins and nitric oxide production.
Rapid exploration with multi-rotors: A frontier selection method for high speed flight (2017)

Exploring and mapping previously unknown environments while avoiding collisions with obstacles is a fundamental task for autonomous robots. In scenarios where this needs to be done rapidly, multi-rotors are a good choice for the task, as they can cover ground at potentially very high velocities. Flying at high velocities, however, implies the ability to rapidly plan trajectories and to react to new information quickly. In this paper, we propose an extension to classical frontier-based exploration that facilitates exploration at high speeds. The extension consists of a reactive mode in which the multi-rotor rapidly selects a goal frontier from its field of view. The goal frontier is selected in a way that minimizes the change in velocity necessary to reach it. While this approach can increase the total path length, it significantly reduces the exploration time, since the multi-rotor can fly at consistently higher speeds.
External cavity quantum cascade laser (2010)

In this paper we review the progress of the development of mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) operated in an external cavity configuration. We concentrate on QCLs based on the bound-to-continuum design, since this design is especially suitable for broadband applications. Since they were first demonstrated, these laser-based tunable sources have improved in performance in terms of output power, duty cycle, operation temperature and tuneability. Nowadays they are an interesting alternative to FTIRs for some applications. They operate at room temperature, feature a high spectral resolution while being small in size. They were successfully used in different absorption spectroscopy techniques. Due to their vast potential for applications in industry, medicine, security and research, these sources enjoy increasing interest within the research community as well as in industry.
Supplementary Materials from A Pragmatic Definition of Therapeutic Synergy Suitable for Clinically Relevant &lt;i&gt;In Vitro&lt;/i&gt; Multicompound Analyses (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 105K, This supplement contains three parts. The first presents a motivation/derivation of the cell proliferation model used in the main text. The second gives the theroetical details about the omnibus statistical test used in the main text. The third part presents an extended discussion regarding two topics breifly mentioned at the end of the main text.&lt;/p&gt;
Ambiguous Region Matching and Boundary Pixel Optimization for Stereo Computation (2012)

In this paper, we present a stereo matching algorithm based on planar surface hypothesis. It improves the results of low texture regions and mixed pixels on object boundaries. First, regions are segmented by applying the mean-shift segmentation method. Then we propose a coarse-to-fine algorithm to increase the reliable correspondences in low texture regions. Third, the Belief Propagation algorithm is used to optimize disparity plane labeling. Finally, for a mixed pixel, we utilize the results of the depth plane and the local region of it to regulate its disparity. Experimental results using the Middlebury stereo test show that the performance of our method is high.
Oxidation of Peptide−Copper Complexes by Alkali Metal Cations in the Gas Phase (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTOxidation of Peptide−Copper Complexes by Alkali Metal Cations in the Gas PhaseTomáš Vaisar, Christine L. Gatlin, and František TurečekView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Box 351700 University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700 Molecumetics, Inc., Bellevue, Washington 98005Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 22, 5314–5315Publication Date (Web):June 5, 1996Publication History Received30 October 1995Published online5 June 1996Published inissue 5 June 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja953636chttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja953636crapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views184Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alkali metals,Dissociation,Ions,Ligands,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Genetic alterations of the <i>HCCS1</i> gene in Korean hepatocellular carcinoma (2003)

We analyzed the gene mutations and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the HCCS1 gene using intragenic polymorphic markers in a series of 88 primary HCCs. We found two sequence variations at exon 5 and 14 in both normal and tumor DNAs of case 50 and 51, respectively. The variation in case 50 led to a reading frameshift and a premature stop (TGA) at codon 125 and case 51 showed amino acid change at codon 448 (Val-->Ala, GTG-->GCG). Interestingly, these variations were not found in peripheral lymphocytes of 69 normal individuals and 227 cancer patients (86 HCC, 75 unselected gastric cancer, and 66 breast cancer), suggesting that these two variations are mutation, not polymorphism. In addition, we found 14 novel intragenic polymorphic sites in the HCCS1 gene. Thirty-two (47%) of sixty-eight informative cases showed allelic loss at at least one or more intragenic polymorphic sites, but there was no significant relationship between the frequency of LOH and clinicopathologic parameters. These results suggest that mutation of the HCCS1 gene might not be a main inactivation mechanism in the development of Korean HCC and that the HCCS1 gene might be involved in acceleration of the tumorigenic process in Korean HCC.
Other Reactions Involving Palladacyclopropanes and Palladacyclopropenes (2003)

The authors present the early concepts concerning the mechanism of the Heck reaction and its reasonable working hypotheses, followed by a discussion and summary. Carbopalladation, a central reaction in organopalladium chemistry, is extensively presented in this section including the carbopalladation reactions of allenes and the carbopalladation methodology and its employment in the synthesis of natural products. The authors discuss the successful employment of the Heck reactions in various inter-inter, intra-inter-, as well as all-intramolecular reaction cascades, and describe the termination of these processes by alkenes, arenes, and related π-bond systems such as alkynes and allenes. The authors present and discuss allylpalladation of alkenes, alkynes, and dienes as a powerful tool for preparing carbocycles and heterocycles. Pd-catalyzed homocoupling of terminal alkynes, cross-coupling of terminal alkynes with internal alkynes, and cross-coupling of terminal alkynes with allenes is presented. The formal arene analogs of the Heck reaction are discussed and examples presented. Cyclopropanation and other reactions of Pd-carbene complexes are given. Carbopalladation via palladacyclopropanes and palladacyclopropenes is outlined. The reaction of an alkyl iodide with diethylzinc in the presence of a palladium (0) catalyst is given. The combination of a radical cyclization with the formation of an organometallic product is discussed. Closely related Ni-catalyzed cyclizations are briefly presented.
Platelet membrane fatty acids in thrombocytosis due to myeloproliferative disorders (1984)

The fatty acid composition of platelet membranes has been analysed in patients with thrombocytosis due to myeloproliferative disorders, who had not taken any drugs. A significant increase in palmitic and oleic acid, together with a decrease in stearic, linoleic and arachidonic acids was observed. The fatty acid pattern of platelet membranes was also analysed in patients during treatment with ASA (acetylsalicylic acid). ASA ingestion completely normalizes the platelet content of palmitic acid and partially that of stearic and arachidonic acid, whereas it has no effect on the level of linoleic acid and raises that of oleic acid. The altered pattern of fatty acids observed in patients may interfere with platelet function by decreasing membrane fluidity. Treatment of patients with ASA seems to act on platelet membranes by partially normalizing the fatty acid composition.
Effect of the visco-elastic properties of thermoplastic polymers on the flexural and rebound behaviours of ski boots for alpine skiing (2014)

The flexural behaviour and elastic rebound are the main parameters that determine the global performance of a ski boot during skiing. These two parameters are related to the visco-elastic properties of the polymeric materials used. For this reason, the visco-elastic properties of the materials most utilized for the production of ski boots (polyurethanes and polyolefins) have been studied using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis in a temperature range between −30 °C and +50 °C. Also, the flexural and rebound behaviours of the boot have also been tested using specially designed test benches. The dynamic mechanical thermal analysis results and the flexural and rebound tests results were compared, and a significant effect of the visco-elastic properties on the flexural and rebound behaviour of ski boots was seen. Therefore, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis can be used in a knowledge-based design process of new ski boots in order to improve on-snow performances.
DFT‐Guided Discovery of Ethynyl‐Triazolyl‐Phosphinates as Modular Electrophiles for Chemoselective Cysteine Bioconjugation and Profiling (2022)

We report the density functional theory (DFT) guided discovery of ethynyl-triazolyl-phosphinates (ETPs) as a new class of electrophilic warheads for cysteine selective bioconjugation. By using Cu<sup>I</sup> -catalysed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) in aqueous buffer, we were able to access a variety of functional electrophilic building blocks, including proteins, from diethynyl-phosphinate. ETP-reagents were used to obtain fluorescent peptide-conjugates for receptor labelling on live cells and a stable and a biologically active antibody-drug-conjugate. Moreover, we were able to incorporate ETP-electrophiles into an azide-containing ubiquitin under native conditions and demonstrate their potential in protein-protein conjugation. Finally, we showcase the excellent cysteine-selectivity of this new class of electrophile in mass spectrometry based, proteome-wide cysteine profiling, underscoring the applicability in homogeneous bioconjugation strategies to connect two complex biomolecules.