gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FASTER: Fusion AnalyticS for public Transport Event Response (2019)

Increasing urban concentration raises operational challenges that can benefit from integrated monitoring and decision support. Such complex systems need to leverage the full stack of analytical methods, from state estimation using multi-sensor fusion for situational awareness, to prediction and computation of optimal responses. The FASTER platform that we describe in this work, deployed at nation scale and handling 1.5 billion public transport trips a year, offers such a full stack of techniques for this large-scale, real-time problem. FASTER provides fine-grained situational awareness and real-time decision support with the objective of improving the public transport commuter experience. The methods employed range from statistical machine learning to agent-based simulation and mixed-integer optimization. In this work we present an overview of the challenges and methods involved, with details of the commuter movement prediction module, as well as a discussion of open problems.
Optimizing Designs Using the Additionof Deflection Operations (2004)

This paper introduces hot potato behavioral synthesis transformation techniques. These techniques add deflection operations in the behavioral description of a computation in such a way that the requirements for two important components of the final implementation cost, the number of registers and the number of interconnects, are significantly reduced. Moreover, we demonstrate how hot potato techniques can be effectively used during behavioral synthesis to minimize the partial scan overhead to make the synthesized design testable.
Virology analysis of chronic hepatitis B virus–infected patients treated for 28 days with JNJ‐56136379 monotherapy (2020)

Four weeks of once-daily oral JNJ-56136379 (JNJ-6379; 25, 75, 150 or 250 mg), a class-N capsid assembly modulator (CAM-N), was well tolerated with potent antiviral activity in treatment-naïve, chronic hepatitis B e antigen-positive and hepatitis B e antigen-negative patients (NCT02662712). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome sequence analysis, using HBV DNA next-generation sequence technology, was performed, and impact of substitutions on efficacy was assessed. Analyses focused on HBV core protein amino acid positions associated with JNJ-6379 and/or other CAMs in vitro resistance, and those within the CAM-binding pocket. 31/57 patients had ≥ 1 polymorphism at any of the core amino acid positions of interest, most frequently at positions 38 (32%), 105 (23%) and 109 (14%). None of these polymorphisms are known to reduce JNJ-6379 in vitro activity (fold change [FC] in 50% effective concentration <3.0). Two JNJ-6379-treated patients carried a Y118F baseline core polymorphism known to reduce JNJ-6379 activity in vitro (FC = 6.6) and had HBV DNA declines of 2.77 (75 mg) and 2.19 log<sub>10</sub> IU/mL (150 mg) at the end of treatment. One 75 mg JNJ-6379-treated patient had an emerging T109S substitution (FC = 1.8; HBV DNA decline 3.18 log<sub>10</sub> IU/mL). A 25 mg JNJ-6379-treated patient had on-treatment enrichment of Y118F variant (HBV DNA decline 2.13 log<sub>10</sub> IU/mL). In conclusion, baseline polymorphisms and enrichment of substitutions reducing JNJ-6379 in vitro activity were rare, with no consistent impact on virological response during a 4-week phase 1b study. Emergence of resistance to longer treatments of JNJ-6379 will be evaluated in phase 2 studies.
Heuristic Contention-Free Scheduling Algorithm for Multi-core Processor using LET Model (2020)

Embedded systems, e.g., self-driving systems and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS), require computing platforms with high computing power and low power consumption. Multi-/many-core platforms satisfy these requirements effectively. However, for hard real-time applications, multiple demands on shared resources can impede real-time performance, and memory is one resource that can impair the desired performance significantly. Therefore, it is important that memory access timing be deterministic to facilitate predictability. To realize this, the Logical Execution Time (LET) paradigm is currently attracting attention. This paper proposes a theoretical scheduling method for a model applying the LET paradigm to directed acyclic graph (DAG) nodes for a multi-/many-core platform. The proposed method considers communication timing between nodes and generates a schedule that does not cause communication contentions. In addition, the proposed method attempts to distribute tasks and reduce LET intervals to address increased execution times due to the implementation of the LET paradigm. In the evaluation, we observed that the proposed method improved the schedule length by up to 40%.
ChemInform Abstract: C‐NUCLEOSIDE STUDIES. PART XI. CINE‐SUBSTITUTION IN 1,4‐DINITROPYRAZOLES; APPLICATION TO THE SYNTHESIS OF FORMYCIN VIA NITROPYRAZOLE DERIVATIVES (1981)

Abstract Das Dinitro‐methylpyrazol (I) reagiert mit Nucleophilen wie NH 3 , Et‐OH, Et‐SH, P(O‐Me)3 bzw. KCN unter "cine"‐Substitution zu den entsprechenden Derivaten (II).
Three-dimensional ultrasonic colloidal crystals (2016)

Colloidal assembly represents a powerful method for the fabrication of functional materials. In this article, we describe how acoustic radiation forces can guide the assembly of colloidal particles into structures that serve as microscopic elements in novel acoustic metadevices or act as phononic crystals. Using a simple three-dimensional orthogonal system, we show that a diversity of colloidal structures with orthorhombic symmetry can be assembled with megahertz-frequency (MHz) standing pressure waves. These structures allow rapid tuning of acoustic properties and provide a new platform for dynamic metamaterial applications.
Para-polybenzimidazole Membranes for HCl Electrolysis at High (T &lt; 160 <sup>o</sup>C) Temperatures (2022)

Chlorine (Cl 2 ) is a fundamental feedstock material for the chemical industry, and chlorine-derived products contribute more than $46 billion to the US economy annually. Chlorine plays a major role in many applications such as clean drinking water, pharmaceuticals, and crop protection chemicals. Most chlorine is produced from electrolysis of brine 1 . Chlorine can also be produced from hydrochloric acid by electrolysis. There are two primary techniques to recycle HCl to Cl 2 via electrolysis--a diaphragm cell, which has the advantage of generating H 2 as the product, and Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzer, which has the benefit of a higher conversion rate and lower energy consumption 2,3 . PEM electrolyzers are limited by the Nafion membrane separator, which requires hydration to conduct protons efficiently and is limited to temperatures of ≤ 120 °C. para- Polybenzimidazole (PBI; brand name Celtec-P) membranes are known as high temperature (T ≤ 230 °C) polymer separators that do not require hydration to maintain efficient proton conductivity and can operate in strong acid conditions 4–6 . In this work, we demonstrate a completely anhydrous HCl electrolysis system using a Celtec-P membrane that operates at temperatures up to 160 °C and has apparent conversion efficiencies up to 93% at 1.8V. We also discuss the results of an experimentally validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model and how this model can be used to elucidate and overcome potential electrolyzer limitations. Reference Pamphlet 1 Chlorine Basic , 8th ed., p. 62, The Chlorine Institute, (2014). Industrial Solutions HCl Electrolysis Chlorine Recovery for Greater Sustainability . Thyssenkrupp AG. Accessed December 20, 2021. https://ucpcdn.thyssenkrupp.com/_legacy/UCPthyssenkruppBAISUhdeChlorineEngineers/assets.files/products/hydrochloric_acid_recycling/thyssenkrupp_hcl_electrolysis_brochure_web_1.pdf . “Industrial Technologies Program: Advance Chlor-Alkali Technology.” Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,U.S. Department of Energy, January 2006. https://www1.eere.energy.gov/manufacturing/industries_technologies/imf/pdfs/1797_advanced_chlor-alkali.pdf . T. R. Garrick et al., J. Electrochem. Soc. , 164 , F1591–F1595 (2017). L. Xiao et al., Chem. Mater. , 17 , 5328–5333 (2005). J. A. Mader and B. C. Benicewicz, Macromolecules , 43 , 6706–6715 (2010).
(Invited) GaAs MIS Structures–Hopeless or Promising? (1983)

High density of interface states introduces uncertainties in the study of GaAs MIS structures; the complex chemical nature of the Ga–As-oxide system has posed an additional problem. The interface states were found to have discrete energy positions about 0.7 and 0.9 eV below the conduction band minimum (rather than a continuous spectrum of energies) which are also characteristic of GaAs “real” surfaces and independent of the insulator. On the basis of the energy position and dynamic parameters of interface states the commonly observed anomalous behavior (e.g., frequency dispersion and capacitance hysteresis) of GaAs MIS structures can be accounted for. Results and arguments are presented indicating that these deep states are the main problem in GaAs MIS structures. Substantial decrease of their density is considered quite feasible and thus the development of GaAs MIS technology appears promising indeed.
Grain boundary diffusion rates dependence upon water activity in high pressure experiments (2009)

Author: Gasc, J. et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Finally published : 2009; Keywords: Abstracts of the 19th Annual V. M. Goldschmidt Conference (Davos, Switzerland, June 2009); Title: Grain boundary diffusion rates dependence upon water activity in high pressure experiments
Analysis of Relationship between Paraspinal Muscle Fatty Degeneration and Cervical Spine Motion Using Kinetic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2012)

The alignment and mobility of the cervical spine is influenced by factors related to the vertebral bodies, intervertebral discs, ligaments, facet joints, and muscles. Few reports have described the role played by the paraspinal muscles in cervical spine mobility. In this study, we investigate the relationship between fatty degeneration of the paraspinal muscles and cervical motion as assessed with kinetic magnetic resonance imaging (kMRI). One hundred eighty-eight symptomatic patients underwent cervical kMRI in neutral, flexion, and extension positions. We quantified cervical paraspinal muscle fatty infiltration and measured angular variation and translational motion at each cervical level, and the global Cobb angle. Cervical paraspinal muscle fatty degeneration demonstrated a pattern in which C3 and C7 had significantly more fatty infiltration than C4, C5, and C6. Additionally, when the normal group was compared with the fatty degeneration group with respect to angular variation, translational motion, and Cobb angle, no significant differences were found except in angular variation at the C3-C4 level. In conclusion, we found a significantly larger quantity of fatty degeneration in the paraspinal muscles at C3 and C7 than the middle cervical levels. Also, we demonstrate that fatty degeneration does not significantly affect cervical lordotic alignment or mobility characteristics.
Hochauflösende <sup>29</sup>Si-Festkörper-NMR-Untersuchungen am synthetischen Natriumsilicathydrat Makatit und dessen kristalliner Kieselsäure (1991)

Article Hochauflösende 29Si-Festkörper-NMR-Untersuchungen am synthetischen Natriumsilicathydrat Makatit und dessen kristalliner Kieselsäure was published on December 1, 1991 in the journal Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials (volume 197, issue 1-4).
A mixed phenoxo and end-on azide bridged dinuclear copper(<scp>ii</scp>) Schiff base complex: synthesis, structure, magnetic characterization and DFT study (2018)

The magnetic properties of a dinuclear copper(<sc>ii</sc>) Schiff base complex with dissimilar bridges have been investigated through some theoretical calculations (DFT) using suitable modeled structures.
Performance measurements of multi-hop communications in vehicular ad hoc networks (2012)

In this paper, we discuss and analyze results from real-world performance measurements of a two-hop mobile scenario in an IEEE 802.11p-based vehicular ad hoc network. We have used a roadside unit (RSU) mounted on a highway gantry as information source, and two vehicles equipped with on-board units (OBUs), acting as relay and destination node. We analyze performance gains in terms of coverage range extension and throughput increase, achievable by combining the information received via the direct and the relay link. Our results show that a simple decode-and-forward (DF) relaying yields substantial performance improvements in IEEE 802.11p-based networks.
Impaired self-awareness of cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease relates to cingulate cortex dysfunction (2021)

Abstract Background Impaired self-awareness of cognitive deficits (ISAcog) has rarely been investigated in Parkinson's disease (PD). ISAcog is associated with poorer long-term outcome in other diseases. This study examines ISAcog in PD with and without mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI), compared to healthy controls, and its clinical-behavioral and neuroimaging correlates. Methods We examined 63 PD patients and 30 age- and education-matched healthy controls. Cognitive state was examined following the Movement Disorder Society Level II criteria. ISAcog was determined by subtracting z -scores (based on controls' scores) of objective tests and subjective questionnaires. Neural correlates were assessed by structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-2-deoxy- d -glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in 47 patients (43 with MRI) and 11 controls. We analyzed whole-brain glucose metabolism and cortical thickness in regions where FDG-uptake correlated with ISAcog. Results PD-MCI patients ( N = 23) showed significantly more ISAcog than controls and patients without MCI ( N = 40). When all patients who underwent FDG-PET were examined, metabolism in the bilateral superior medial frontal gyrus, anterior and midcingulate cortex negatively correlated with ISAcog (FWE-corrected p &lt; 0.001). In PD-MCI, ISAcog was related to decreased metabolism in the right superior temporal lobe and insula ( N = 13; FWE-corrected p = 0.023) as well as the midcingulate cortex (FWE-corrected p = 0.002). Cortical thickness was not associated with ISAcog in these regions. No significant correlations were found between ISAcog and glucose metabolism in controls and patients without MCI. Conclusions Similar to Alzheimer's disease, the cingulate cortex seems to be relevant in ISAcog in PD. In PD-MCI patients, ISAcog might result from a disrupted network that regulates awareness of cognition and error processes.
Long-Term Outcome of Pronation-External Rotation Ankle Fractures Treated with Syndesmotic Screws Only (2013)

Long-term functional outcomes at a mean of twenty-one years after pronation-external rotation ankle fractures treated with one or two syndesmotic screws were good to excellent in the great majority of patients despite substantial radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis in one-half of the patients. The most important predictor of long-term functional outcome was patient-reported pain rather than physician-reported function or posttraumatic osteoarthritis. There was no significant association between radiographic signs of posttraumatic osteoarthritis and perceived pain in the present series.
Clinical value of event-free survival in acute myeloid leukemia (2020)

The value of event-free survival (EFS) as an end point in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) trials has been questioned. We hypothesized that rather than a surrogate for overall survival (OS), improvement in EFS may decrease the use of health care. In this retrospective study, we identified 400 patients with AML who were treated on first-line therapy trials and had OS between 2 and 36 months. We captured health care use from diagnosis until death or until the patient was censored at stem cell transplantation (SCT). We used correlation and regression analysis to determine the relation between health care use and EFS. Among patients with newly diagnosed AML, 35% had adverse-risk AML, 48% received intensive chemotherapy, and 28% received hypomethylating agents. The median EFS censored at SCT was 9.7 months. Longer EFS led to a significant decline in health care use regardless of OS. This held true for all observations, including overall health care use (r = -0.45), sum of clinic visits, emergency room visits, hospitalizations, consultations (r = -0.44), sum of invasive procedures, laboratory and imaging studies (r = -0.51), and blood product transfusions (r = -0.19). These correlations were stronger for patients who achieved a complete remission and held true across age, treatment, and disease risk subgroups. In patients with newly diagnosed AML, improvement in EFS correlates with a decrease in all health care use irrespective of OS duration.
Intracranial recordings from human auditory cortex reveal a neural population selective for song (2019)

Abstract How are neural representations of music organized in the human brain? While neuroimaging has suggested some segregation between responses to music and other sounds, it remains unclear whether finer-grained organization exists within the domain of music. To address this question, we measured cortical responses to natural sounds using intracranial recordings from human patients and inferred canonical response components using a data-driven decomposition algorithm. The inferred components replicated many prior findings including distinct neural selectivity for speech and music. Our key novel finding is that one component responded nearly exclusively to music with singing. Song selectivity was not explainable by standard acoustic features and was co-located with speech- and music-selective responses in the middle and anterior superior temporal gyrus. These results suggest that neural representations of music are fractionated into subpopulations selective for different types of music, at least one of which is specialized for the analysis of song.
Lithium Pyrene Squarate Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Lithium and Magnesium Separation from Salt Water (2023)

The increasing pressure for lithium resources from the electric vehicle and nuclear energy industries means that new technologies to separate Mg<sup>2+</sup> from Li<sup>+</sup> from salt water are in demand. To address this need, we fabricated lithium pyrene squarate covalent organic frameworks (Li-SQCOFs) to separate Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Li<sup>+</sup> mixtures from salt water. We optimized the effect of the electrolyte and the amount of the adsorbent and then carried out a kinetics study on the adsorbent recovery at various pH levels using both batch and continuous flow adsorption methods. Li-SQCOF was found to have excellent selectivity for solutions containing a mixture of Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Li<sup>+</sup> ions. This work represents a unique path for the separation of Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Li<sup>+</sup> through direct adsorption using a covalent organic framework (COF). The COF-supported ultrafiltration bed made in this study gave a Mg<sup>2+</sup> separation flux of 60.5 h<sup>-1</sup> m<sup>-2</sup>.
Protein Extraction from Green Plant Tissue (2008)

A method for preparation of protein from green plant tissue for two-dimensional electrophoresis is described. The method is demonstrated on barley leaves, potato leaves and spruce needles and appears to overcome the obstacles inherent in green plants to proteomic analysis. The yield and the representation of proteins are discussed.
A Structured Methodology for the Design and Development of Textile Structures in a Concurrent Engineering Framework (1998)

A structured methodology for the design and development of textile structures within a concurrent engineering framework has been proposed and developed. The framework has been validated using the design and development of a Sensate Liner for Combat Casualty Care (or Sensate Liner) as an example. Key requirements for the product are identified using a modified QFD-type (Quality Function Deployment) approach and other tools used in concurrent engineering; and the design and development framework is established. This is followed by an in-depth analysis of the various issues involved in the design of the Sensate Liner (fabric/garment structure, materials and fabrication technologies) to meet the desired performance criteria. Candidate solutions are proposed with appropriate justifications. Finally, the successful application of the structured methodology in realizing the product is covered.
Neural Data Filter for Bootstrapping Stochastic Gradient Descent (2017)

Mini-batch based Stochastic Gradient Descent(SGD) has been widely used to train deep neural networks efficiently. In this paper, we design a general framework to automatically and adaptively select training data for SGD. The framework is based on neural networks and we call it \emph{\textbf{N}eural \textbf{D}ata \textbf{F}ilter} (\textbf{NDF}). In Neural Data Filter, the whole training process of the original neural network is monitored and supervised by a deep reinforcement network, which controls whether to filter some data in sequentially arrived mini-batches so as to maximize future accumulative reward (e.g., validation accuracy). The SGD process accompanied with NDF is able to use less data and converge faster while achieving comparable accuracy as the standard SGD trained on the full dataset. Our experiments show that NDF bootstraps SGD training for different neural network models including Multi Layer Perceptron Network and Recurrent Neural Network trained on various types of tasks including image classification and text understanding.
Full vector modal analysis of microstructured optical fiber propagation characteristics (2004)

Microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) are optical fibers having a periodic air-silica cross-section. The air holes extend along the axis of the fiber for its entire length. The core of the fiber is formed by a missing hole in the periodic structure. Remarkable properties of MOFs have recently been reported. This paper presents new work in the modeling of the propagation characteristics of MOFs using the Finite Element Method (FEM) and the Galerkin Method (GM). This efficient electromagnetic simulation package provides a vectorial description of the electromagnetic fields and of the associated effective index. This information includes accurate determination of the spectral extent of the modes, cutoff properties and mode-field distributions. We show that FEM is well adapted for describing the fields at abrupt transitions of the refractive index while GM has the advantage to accurately analyze MOFs of significant complexity using only modest computational resources. This presentation will focus on the specific techniques required to determine single mode operation, dispersion properties and effective area through careful choice of the geometrical parameters of the fibers. We demonstrate that with suitable geometrical parameters, the zero dispersion wavelength can be shifted. This tool can also provide design criteria for fabricating MOFs and a corresponding map of effective area. This approach is validated by comparison with experimental results and measurements on actual MOFs fabricated at IRCOM and at Alcatel Research and Innovation Center.
Residual Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Events in Relation to Reductions in Very‐Low‐Density Lipoproteins (2017)

URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00239681.