gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear dynamical study of partial discharge phenomena (2003)

Some studies have been conducted in recent years that investigate partial discharge phenomena from the viewpoint of deterministic chaos, by analyzing time series data on discharge magnitude. Here we have analyzed the chaotic nature of partial discharges from another viewpoint, namely, interdischarge intervals. The observed time series data have been analyzed with such statistical indicators of deterministic chaos as the maximum Lyapunov exponents, the fractal dimension and so on. Data of discharge intervals were measured with an IEC (b) electrode system. The maximum Lyapunov exponents calculated from these data were estimated to be positive values. Additionally, the calculated correlation dimension showed non-integer value, and also autocorrelation rapidly converged on a near zero value. This result implies chaotic characteristics in partial discharge phenomena in an IEC (b) electrode system.
Comparative genomic mapping of uncharacterized canine retinal ESTs to identify novel candidate genes for hereditary retinal disorders. (2009)

RH mapping of canine retinal ESTs provides insight into the location of potential candidate genes for hereditary retinal disorders, and, by comparison with the assembled canine genome sequence, highlights inconsistencies with the current assembly. Regions of conserved synteny between the canine and the human genomes allow this information to be extrapolated to identify potential positional candidate genes for mapped human retinal disorders. Furthermore, these ESTs can help identify novel or uncharacterized genes of significance for better understanding of retinal morphology, physiology, and pathology.
Perioperative Transcutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation to Reduce Postoperative Ileus After Colorectal Resection: A Pilot Study (2018)

Posterior tibial nerve stimulation was safe in a perioperative setting and had a potential effect on GI motility recovery. The results of this study will be useful for sample size calculations in a larger prospective randomized trial. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A708.
Microscopic Mechanisms of Sonoporation (2006)

Achieving remote and non-invasive molecular delivery to cells is an area of increasing industrial and academic interest. A focus for current research activity involves ultrasound exposure (insonation) in the presence of contrast agent microbubbles, which is known to enhance membrane permeability and lead to molecular uptake from the locale[1]. Under high ultrasound pressures (&gt;0.2MPa), this process (sonoporation) can elicit a number of clinically relevant bioeffects such as direct lysis [1,2] and apoptosis [2-4]. Moreover, promising observations of tumour regression have been demonstrated in murine studies [5,6]. However, whilst speculation regarding the physical mechanisms responsible for membrane permeabilization has been widespread, corroboration has, until very recently [7,8] remained elusive. Here we present further direct observational evidence that illuminates the dynamical processes relating to individual cavitation events near cells and which, we speculate, provides a cogent explanation for previous statistical studies on insonated cell populations using flow cytometry .
Synthesis and <i>α</i>‐Mannosidase Inhibitory Evaluation of (2<i>R</i>,3<i>R</i>,4<i>S</i>)‐ and (2<i>S</i>,3<i>R</i>,4<i>S</i>)‐2‐(Aminomethyl)pyrrolidine‐3,4‐diol Derivatives (2003)

Abstract The synthesis of 46 derivatives of (2 R ,3 R ,4 S )‐2‐(aminomethyl)pyrrolidine‐3,4‐diol is reported ( Scheme 1 and Fig. 3 ), and their inhibitory activities toward α ‐mannosidases from jack bean (B) and almonds (A) are evaluated ( Table ). The most‐potent inhibitors are (2 R ,3 R ,4 S )‐2‐{[([1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐ylmethyl)amino]methyl}pyrrolidine‐3,4‐diol ( 3fs ; IC 50 (B)=5 μ M , K i =2.5 μ M ) and (2 R ,3 R ,4 S )‐2‐{[(1 R )‐2,3‐dihydro‐1 H ‐inden‐1‐ylamino]methyl}pyrrolidine‐3,4‐diol ( 3fu ; IC 50 (B)=17 μ M , K i =2.3 μ M ). (2 S ,3 R ,4 S )‐2‐(Aminomethyl)pyrrolidine‐3,4‐diol ( 6 , RH) and the three 2‐( N ‐alkylamino)methyl derivatives 6fh, 6fs , and 6f are prepared ( Scheme 2 ) and found to inhibit also α ‐mannosidases from jack bean and almonds ( Table ). The best inhibitor of these series is (2 S ,3 R ,4 S )‐2‐{[(2‐thienylmethyl)amino]methyl}pyrrolidine‐3,4‐diol ( 6o ; IC 50 (B)=105 μ M , K i =40 μ M ). As expected (see Fig. 4 ), diamines 3 with the configuration of α ‐ D ‐mannosides are better inhibitors of α ‐mannosidases than their stereoisomers 6 with the configuration of β ‐ D ‐mannosides. The results show that an aromatic ring (benzyl, [1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl, 2‐thienyl) is essential for good inhibitory activity. If the C‐chain that separates the aromatic system from the 2‐(aminomethyl) substituent is longer than a methano group, the inhibitory activity decreases significantly (see Fig. 7 ). This study shows also that α ‐mannosidases from jack bean and from almonds do not recognize substrate mimics that are bulky around the O ‐glycosidic bond of the corresponding α ‐ D ‐mannopyranosides. These observations should be very useful in the design of better α ‐mannosidase inhibitors.
Java Threads (1997)

Threads are essential to Java programming, but learning to use them effectively is a nontrivial task. This new edition of the classic Java Threads shows you how to take full advantage of Java's threading facilities and brings you up-to-date with the watershed changes in Java 2 Standard Edition version 5.0 (J2SE 5.0). It provides a thorough, step-by-step approach to threads programming. Java's threading system is simple relative to other threading systems. In earlier versions of Java, this simplicity came with tradeoffs: some of the advanced features in other threading systems were not available in Java. J2SE 5.0 changes all that: it provides a large number of new thread-related classes that make the task of writing multithreaded programs that much easier. You'll learn where to use threads to increase efficiency, how to use them effectively, and how to avoid common mistakes. This book discusses problems like deadlock, race conditions, and starvation in detail, helping you to write code without hidden bugs. Java Threads, Third Edition, has been thoroughly expanded and revised. It incorporates the concurrency utilities from java.util.concurrent throughout. New chapters cover thread performance, using threads with Swing, threads and Collection classes, thread pools, and threads and I/O (traditional, new, and interrupted). Developers who cannot yet deploy J2SE 5.0 can use thread utilities provided in the Appendix to achieve similar functionality with earlier versions of Java. Topics include: Lock starvation and deadlock detectionAtomic classes and minimal synchronization (J2SE 5.0)Interaction of Java threads with Swing, I/O, and Collection classesProgrammatically controlled locks and condition variables (J2SE 5.0)Thread performance and securityThread pools (J2SE 5.0)Thread groupsPlatform-specific thread schedulingTask schedulers (J2SE 5.0)Parallelizing loops for multiprocessor machines In short, this new edition of Java Threads covers everything you need to know about threads, from the simplest animation program to the most complex applications. If you plan to do any serious work in Java, you will find this book invaluable. Scott Oaks is a senior software engineer for the Java Performance Engineering group at Sun Microsystems and the author of four books in the O'Reilly Java series. Formerly a senior systems engineer at Sun Microsystems, Henry Wong is an independent consultant working on various Java related projects.
Regioselective Acetylation of C21 Hydroxysteroids by the Bacterial Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferase I (2015)

Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase I (CATI) detoxifies the antibiotic chloramphenicol and confers a corresponding resistance to bacteria. In this study we identified this enzyme as a steroid acetyltransferase and designed a new and efficient Escherichia-coli-based biocatalyst for the regioselective acetylation of C21 hydroxy groups in steroids of pharmaceutical interest. The cells carried a recombinant catI gene controlled by a constitutive promoter. The capacity of the whole-cell system to modify different hydroxysteroids was investigated, and NMR spectroscopy revealed that all substrates were selectively transformed into the corresponding 21-acetoxy derivatives. The biotransformation was optimized, and the reaction mechanism is discussed on the basis of a computationally modeled substrate docking into the crystal structure of CATI.
A neural optimal voltage regulator (2002)

Two desirable features of artificial neural networks (NNs) are that they can implement parallel processing and can learn nonlinear functions. This paper reports a NN application that makes use of these two important features. A generator excitation control system is a nonlinear system. The conventional way to design an optimal controller for this system is to linearize the system at several selected operating points and implement optimal control at these points separately. In this paper, a neural network is trained to give the optimal control gains over the whole operating range of the excitation system. The input of the NN is the power angle of the generator and the outputs are the optimal control gains. The inherent parallel processing feature makes this design applicable for online applications.
Stimulated Emission Tomography (2014)

We experimentally demonstrate the reconstruction of the polarization state of entangled photon pairs by stimulated emission tomography.
Soluble Synthetic Multiporphyrin Arrays. 2. Photodynamics of Energy-Transfer Processes (1996)

Soluble ethyne-linked tetraarylporphyrin arrays that mimic natural light-harvesting complexes by absorbing light and directing excited-state energy have been investigated by static and time-resolved absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. Of particular interest is the role of the diarylethyne linkers in mediating energy transfer. The major conclusions from this study, which is limited to the examination of arrays containing Zn and free-base (Fb) porphyrins, include the following: (1) Singlet excited-state energy transfer from the Zn porphyrin to the Fb porphyrin is extremely efficient (95−99%). Competitive electron-transfer reactions are not observed. (2) The rate of energy transfer is slowed up to 4-fold by the addition of groups to the linker that limit the ability of the linker and porphyrin to adopt geometries tending toward coplanarity. Thus, the mechanism of energy transfer predominantly involves through-bond communication via the linker. Consistent with this notion, the measured lifetimes of the Zn porphyrin in the dimers at room temperature yield energy-transfer rates ((88 ps)-1 < ktrans < (24 ps)-1) that are significantly faster than those predicted by the Förster (through-space) mechanism ((720 ps)-1). Nevertheless, the electronic communication is weak and the individual porphyrins appear to retain their intrinsic radiative and non-radiative rates upon incorporation into the arrays. (3) Transient absorption data indicate that the energy-transfer rate between two isoenergetic Zn porphyrins in a linear trimeric array terminated by a Fb porphyrin is (52 ± 19 ps)-1 in toluene at room temperature, while the time-resolved fluorescence data suggest that it may be significantly faster. Accordingly, incorporation of multiple isoenergetic pigments in extended linear or two-dimensional arrays will permit efficient overall energy transfer. (4) Medium effects, including variations in solvent polarity, temperature, viscosity, and axial solvent ligation, only very weakly alter (≤2.5-fold) the energy-transfer rates. However, the Fb porphyrin fluorescence in the Zn−Fb dimers is quenched in the polar solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (but not in toluene, castor oil, or acetone), which is attributed to charge-transfer with the neighboring Zn porphyrin following energy transfer. Collectively, the studies demonstrate that extended multiporphyrin arrays can be designed in a rational manner with predictable photophysical features and efficient light-harvesting properties through use of the diarylethyne-linked porphyrin motif.
Photochemical Bleaching of Kraft Pulp by UV Radiation (2009)

クラフトパルプの漂白プロセスは旧来の塩素に替わり二酸化塩素を中心としたECF法が確立し，有機塩素化合物などの排出による環境負荷を以前よりも大幅に低減することに成功した。これをさらに推進し，将来的に二酸化塩素も使用しない漂白プロセスを実現するためには新たな漂白要素技術の開発が必要と考えられ，ひとつの可能性として紫外線（以下UV）を用いた光技術に着目した。UVによる光反応でクラフトパルプの漂白，脱リグニンが起きることは古くから知られているが，既往の報告はいずれも効率が非常に悪く，また現行の漂白プロセスにどう組み合わせていくかという視点からのアプローチは皆無であった。そこで本報告では，光漂白の効率を飛躍的に高めるために，有効で現実性のある反応助剤や前処理方法について検討した。得られた知見を以下にまとめる。（1） NaOHを助剤として，パルプスラリーにUVを照射することで漂白が可能であった。（2） 前処理として加温酸処理が有効であり，光漂白効率が向上した。この理由として，パルプ中の鉄イオンが光漂白のメカニズムに関与していることが示唆された。（3） UV照射とオゾン曝気を同時に行う促進酸化処理も，光漂白の効率向上に非常に有効であった。加温酸処理と促進酸化処理を利用することで，酸素脱リグニンパルプをUVで単独処理する場合と比較して電力消費量を約70％削減できた。（4） 促進酸化処理によってヒドロキシルラジカルの発生が予想されるが，実機完成パルプをUV／オゾン処理して得られたパルプでは強度の明確な低下は認められなかった。漂白に要するコストは依然として現行のECF漂白と比較してなお大幅に過大であるものの，既存の漂白シーケンスや効果的な助剤との併用など，条件の最適化を進めることで光漂白の効率を飛躍的に高められることが分かった。
ATIM-16. VALIDATION OF RESPONSE TO NEOADJUVANT ANTI-PD-1 IMMUNOTHERAPY IN RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Recurrent glioblastoma has a poor median overall survival despite multimodal treatment. The use of pembrolizumab, an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, demonstrates promise, including improved overall survival and increased immune response, when used in the neoadjuvant setting. METHODS We evaluated 13 patients with surgically accessible recurrent glioblastoma who were treated at the University of California, Los Angeles with neoadjuvant checkpoint inhibition prior to tumor resection. Combining data with our previously published multi-center study, we followed this cohort prospectively, performing tumor gene expression to validate the immune response and improved survival following neoadjuvant therapy with pembrolizumab. RESULTS When combined with findings from our prior study, patients in the neoadjuvant group (n = 27) had an overall survival of 400 days, whereas those in the adjuvant-only group (n = 19) had a median overall survival of 228 days by Kaplan-Meier estimator (P = 0.029, log-rank test). Progression-free survival in the neoadjuvant group was 108 days, whereas in the adjuvant-only group it was 72.5 days (P = 0.017, log-rank test). In elastic net penalized Cox proportional hazards regression, neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 blockade continued to be associated with improved overall survival, with a hazard ratio of 0.11 (P=0.003, log-rank test). Bulk tumor gene expression corroborates our previously described pattern of increased T-cell- and IFN-g-related gene expression, decreased cell-cycle-related signatures and their association with clinical response. Additionally, epigenetic regulation inversely correlated with clinical response. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the neoadjuvant timing of PD-1 blockade in enhancing local immune responses and prolonging overall- and progression-free-survival. Correlative biological studies suggest a potential role for cell-cycle-related gene expression as a biomarker to predict response to therapy. Continued data collection and the addition of patients to the neoadjuvant arm of the trial, will be crucial to determine the potential role of checkpoint inhibition in the treatment of this deadly disease.
Effect of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes (2011)

Continuous glucose monitoring was associated with reduced time spent in hypoglycemia and a concomitant decrease in HbA(1c) in children and adults with type 1 diabetes.
Magneto-optical study of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Ba</mml:mtext><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Fe</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>M</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>As</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>(<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>M</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mtext>Co</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:math>and Ni) single crystals irradiated with heavy ions (2010)

Optimally doped single crystals of $\text{Ba}{({\text{Fe}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{M}_{x})}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$ $(M=\text{Co},\text{ }\text{Ni})$ were irradiated with 1.4 GeV ${^{208}\text{P}\text{b}}^{56+}$ ions at fluences corresponding to matching fields of ${B}_{\ensuremath{\phi}}=0.1$, 0.5, 1, and 2 T. Magneto-optical imaging has been used to map the distribution of the magnetic induction in the irradiated samples. The imaging is complemented by the magnetization measurements. The results show a substantial enhancement of the apparent critical current densities as revealed by the much larger Bean penetration fields and an increase in the hysteretic magnetization. However, the effect depends on the compound, temperature, and applied magnetic field. In $\text{Ba}{({\text{Fe}}_{0.926}{\text{Co}}_{0.074})}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$ crystals, at 15 K and low fields, the enhancement appears to scale with the irradiation dose at a rate of about $0.27\text{ }\text{MA}\ensuremath{\cdot}{\text{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}\text{ }{\text{T}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, whereas in $\text{Ba}{({\text{Fe}}_{0.954}{\text{Ni}}_{0.046})}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$ crystals, higher irradiation doses are less effective. Our results suggest that moderate irradiation with heavy ions is an effective way to homogeneously enhance the current-currying capabilities of pnictide superconductors.
Recurrent Braiding of Thin McKibben Muscles to Improve Their Contracting Abilities (2019)

In this paper, we propose a new method for improving the contracting abilities of pneumatic artificial muscle. Thin McKibben muscles, which are a flexible and lightweight actuator, have the contraction ratio equivalent to that of human muscles. However, the contraction ratio is sometimes insufficient in the actual use. Therefore, in our previous research, we achieved to improve the contraction ratio of thin McKibben muscles by braiding muscles again. The flexibility of thin McKibben muscles let us braid the muscles. In this research, we tried to braid the braided thin McKibben muscles again and improve the contraction ratio further. As a result, we achieved to increase the contraction ratio as follows: original single muscle 28%; once braiding muscle 37%; twice braiding muscle 41%. These improvements will help us to develop and improve soft robotic abilities.
Submicrometer Zeolite A Crystals Formation: Low-Temperature Crystallization Versus Vapor Phase Gel Transformation (2011)

In the present study, low-temperature hydrothermal crystallization and vapor phase gel transformation have been employed to synthesis LTA-type zeolite crystals of submicrometer size. The crystal growth curves under hydrothermal conditions at 35, 50, and 65 °C were obtained. From these curves, the induction periods and the times for reaching maximum crystallinity for respective temperatures were determined. A set of characterization methods, including XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, and DLS, was employed to obtain complementary information. The inspection of the crystalline solids obtained under hydrothermal conditions showed that the size of the crystals is a function of the crystallization temperature. The largest crystals (300 × 300 nm) were obtained at 65 °C, while much smaller particles were synthesized at lower temperatures. Second approach involved vapor-phase transformation of the solid part of initial gel. This approach has also yielded submicrometer-sized zeolite crystallites. The characteristics of crystalline particles synthesized by two methods were compared. Both synthetic methods showed relatively high conversion (70–80%) of the initial gel into LTA-type zeolite, which is substantial advantage in respect to nanozeolite synthesis from clear solutions.
Noncovalent Assembly of Anti-Dendritic Cell Antibodies and Antigens for Evoking Immune Responses In Vitro and In Vivo (2012)

Targeting of Ags directly to dendritic cells (DCs) through anti-DC receptor Ab fused to Ag proteins is a promising approach to vaccine development. However, not all Ags can be expressed as a rAb directly fused to a protein Ag. In this study, we show that noncovalent assembly of Ab-Ag complexes, mediated by interaction between dockerin and cohesin domains from cellulose-degrading bacteria, can greatly expand the range of Ags for this DC-targeting vaccine technology. rAbs with a dockerin domain fused to the rAb H chain C terminus are efficiently secreted by mammalian cells, and many Ags not secreted as rAb fusion proteins are readily expressed as cohesin directly fused to Ag either via secretion from mammalian cells or as soluble cytoplasmic Escherichia coli products. These form very stable and homogeneous complexes with rAb fused to dockerin. In vitro, these complexes can efficiently bind to human DC receptors followed by presentation to Ag-specific CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells. Low doses of the HA1 subunit of influenza hemagglutinin conjugated through this means to anti-Langerin rAbs elicited Flu HA1-specific Ab and T cell responses in mice. Thus, the noncovalent assembly of rAb and Ag through dockerin and cohesin interaction provides a useful modular strategy for development and testing of prototype vaccines for elicitation of Ag-specific T and B cell responses, particularly when direct rAb fusions to Ag cannot be expressed.
Evaluation of Epoxy Resin for Cryogenic Use by Positron Annihilation Method. Change of Characteristics of Epoxy Resin with Plasticizer and Positron Lifetime. (1994)

The evaluation of unoccupied space in epoxies has been evaluated in terms of positron annihilation method. Based on the evaluated unoccupied space the cohesive condition of the epoxy molecular was modeled. The model suggested that the epoxies were classified into two types that is the epoxy could be explain by the free volume and that by free space. The former was understood as the epoxy of which molecular network was destroyed by the plasticizer and the latter as that of which molecular weight between crosslinks was changed. In this work the former mechanism was confirmed experimentally. The addition of plasticizer was confirmed not to be effective to improve the cryogenic mechanical properties as expected by the model.
Types for deterministic concurrency (2006)

This thesis describes a method for ensuring partial determinism in concurrent programs. The idea is presented in two settings: sequential processes communicating via channels and shared references and functional programming with references.
Cutoff and Target Values for Intra-Abdominal Fat Area for Prevention of Metabolic Disorders in Pre- and Post-Menopausal Obese Women Before and After Weight Reduction (2005)

The receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that the appropriate cutoff values were 80 cm(2) (PreM) and 110 cm(2) (PostM) before the program, and after the program the appropriate target values were determined as 60 and 70 cm(2), respectively.