gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolated bidirectional DC/AC and AC/DC three-phase power conversion using series resonant converter modules and a three-phase unfolder (2014)

This paper proposes a modular converter system to achieve high power density, high system bandwidth and scalability for isolated bidirectional DC/AC and AC/DC three-phase power conversion. The approach is based on high frequency isolated series resonant converter (SRC) modules with series output connection and a low frequency three-phase unfolder. The performance objectives are realized through elimination of traditional low frequency passive filters used in PWM inverters and instead require high control bandwidth in the SRC modules to achieve high quality AC waveforms. The system operation and performance are verified with simulation and experimental results for a 1 kW prototype.
Game-Theoretic Methods for Robustness, Security, and Resilience of Cyberphysical Control Systems: Games-in-Games Principle for Optimal Cross-Layer Resilient Control Systems (2015)

Critical infrastructures, such as power grids and transportation systems, are increasingly using open networks for operation. The use of open networks poses many challenges for control systems. The classical design of control systems takes into account modeling uncertainties as well as physical disturbances, providing a multitude of control design methods such as robust control, adaptive control, and stochastic control. With the growing level of integration of control systems with new information technologies, modern control systems face uncertainties not only from the physical world but also from the cybercomponents of the system. The vulnerabilities of the software deployed in the new control system infrastructure will expose the control system to many potential risks and threats from attackers. Exploitation of these vulnerabilities can lead to severe damage as has been reported in various news outlets [1], [2]. More recently, it has been reported in [3] and [4] that a computer worm, Stuxnet, was spread to target Siemens supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems that are configured to control and monitor specific industrial processes.
Study of the effect of different plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition reactor configurations on the properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin films (2000)

Abstract In this work we present a study performed in a plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition reactor, where different rf electrode configurations were used with the aim of achieving conditions that lead to growth of highly uniform amorphous silicon films, with the required electronic quality, at high growth rates. This study consists in determining the plasma characteristics under different electrode configurations, in an argon plasma, using as diagnostic tools a Langmuir probe and impedance probe. These results were correlated with the hydrogenated amorphous silicon films produced, thereby allowing us to establish the best electrode configuration to grow electronic-grade-quality amorphous silicon films.
Tuaimenals B–H, Merosesquiterpenes from the Irish Deep-Sea Soft Coral <i>Duva florida</i> with Bioactivity against Cervical Cancer Cell Lines (2022)

Previous chemical investigation of the Irish deep-sea soft coral <i>Duva florida</i> led to the identification of tuaimenal A (<b>10</b>), a new merosesquiterpene containing a highly substituted chromene core and modest cytotoxicity against cervical cancer. Further MS/MS and NMR-guided investigation of this octocoral has resulted in the isolation and characterization of seven additional tuaimenal analogs, B-H (<b>1</b>-<b>7</b>), as well as two known A-ring aromatized steroids (<b>8</b>, <b>9</b>), and additional tuaimenal A (<b>10</b>). Tuaimenals B, F, and G (<b>1</b>, <b>5</b>, <b>6</b>), bearing an oxygen at the C<sub>5</sub> position, as well as monocyclic tuaimenal H (<b>7</b>), show increased cervical cancer inhibition profiles in comparison to that of <b>10</b>. Tuaimenal G further displayed potent, selective cytotoxicity with an EC<sub>50</sub> value of 0.04 μM against the C33A cell line compared to the CaSki cell line (EC<sub>50</sub> 20 μM). These data reveal the anticancer properties of tuaimenal analogs and suggest unique antiproliferation mechanisms across these secondary metabolites.
Screened moments in a Kondo insulator (2017)

Long known to have thermodynamic properties at odds with its insulating electrical transport, SmB6 has been the subject of great debate as it is unclear whether its unusual properties are related to the bulk or novel metallic surface states. We have observed a bulk moment-screening effect in nominally pure and Gd-doped SmB6 via heat capacity, magnetization, and resistivity measurements, and show this new Kondo-impurity like effect provides an unexpected but intuitive explanation for metal-like phenomena stemming from the strongly interacting host system. This affords a coherent understanding for decades of mysteries in strongly-correlated insulators, reveals the expanded utility of techniques previously only utilized for metals, and presents the novel effect of even highly-dilute impurities in strongly correlated insulators.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron Catalyzed Hydrodebromination of 2‐Aryl‐1,1‐dibromo‐1‐alkenes. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Development of New Methods for Assessing Solidification/Stabilization of Hazardous Waste Using Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Techniques (Ph.D Dissertation, LSU) (1993)

New methods for assessing solidification/stabilization (S/S) of hazardous waste using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance are developed for the purpose of diagnosing on a microscopic level the performance of S/S as a hazardous waste disposal technique. There are four techniques developed and described in this dissertation: (1) Solid-state deuterium NMR spectroscopy is used to determine if a particular deuterated organic waste is effectively solidified/stabilized and to determine the lower limit of the bond strength between the waste and the cement matrix; (2) Constant time pulsed field gradient ^ NMR spectroscopy is tested on a liquid waste encapsulated within a solidified matrix to determine if droplets of liquid waste are entrapped within a solidified matrix. It yields a size distribution image of vesicles containing fluids, and measures the diffusion rate of organic materials in solid matrices; (3) Three-dimensional NMR imaging of a hazardous waste/cement sample is tested for the determination of the pore structure connectivity pattern and the observation of waste leaching; (4) NMR hole-burning spectroscopy is attempted for the study of the microscopic motions of waste in the cement matrix. These NMR techniques give information on the microscopic waste/cement interactions while providing a nondestructive evaluation of the quality of S/S process much superior to the destructive techniques such as leaching.
Braided thermoplastic composites from powder‐coated towpregs. Part III: Consolidation and mechanical properties (1996)

Abstract Carbon fiber/nylon 6 powder coated and commingled tows were braided into biaxial braids with a ±45° braid angle. Consolidation experiments were carried out to study the influence of consolidation conditions on the properties of the laminates using a 2 3 full factorial experimental design. The consolidation studies reveal that commingled tows require more severe consolidation conditions than powder coated tows to obtain comparable properties. The dependence of powder‐coated laminate qualities like void content and fiber volume fraction on the consolidation conditions is reported. The ±45° braided laminates are tested for tensile properties. Although the dominant mode of failure of the laminates is shear failure between the fibers and the resin, the failure is non‐brittle because of fiber interlacement in the braided preforms.
Spatially resolved proteomics via tissue expansion (2022)

Spatially resolved proteomics is an emerging approach for mapping proteome heterogeneity of biological samples, however, it remains technically challenging due to the complexity of the tissue microsampling techniques and mass spectrometry analysis of nanoscale specimen volumes. Here, we describe a spatially resolved proteomics method based on the combination of tissue expansion with mass spectrometry-based proteomics, which we call Expansion Proteomics (ProteomEx). ProteomEx enables quantitative profiling of the spatial variability of the proteome in mammalian tissues at ~160 µm lateral resolution, equivalent to the tissue volume of 0.61 nL, using manual microsampling without the need for custom or special equipment. We validated and demonstrated the utility of ProteomEx for streamlined large-scale proteomics profiling of biological tissues including brain, liver, and breast cancer. We further applied ProteomEx for identifying proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease in a mouse model by comparative proteomic analysis of brain subregions.
Megaphone: Latency-conscious state migration for distributed streaming dataflows (2018)

We design and implement Megaphone, a data migration mechanism for stateful distributed dataflow engines with latency objectives. When compared to existing migration mechanisms, Megaphone has the following differentiating characteristics: (i) migrations can be subdivided to a configurable granularity to avoid latency spikes, and (ii) migrations can be prepared ahead of time to avoid runtime coordination. Megaphone is implemented as a library on an unmodified timely dataflow implementation, and provides an operator interface compatible with its existing APIs. We evaluate Megaphone on established benchmarks with varying amounts of state and observe that compared to naïve approaches Megaphone reduces service latencies during reconfiguration by orders of magnitude without significantly increasing steady-state overhead.
What is to be done? Controversies in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Manic-Depressive Illness (2000)

The state of diagnosis and treatment in bipolar disorder is suboptimal. More diagnostic attention to manic criteria is necessary and the current pattern of use of antidepressant use in bipolar disorder needs to change.
Evaluation of Wave Transmission Characteristics of OSPREY Wave Power Plant for Noyo Bay, California. (1997)

Abstract : This report discusses wave flume tests of a newly designed ocean swell powered renewable energy (OSPREY) wave power generating caisson to assess its suitability and efficiency. Tests were carried out in a new wave flume commissioned by Applied Research and Technology (ART), of Inverness, Scotland. Data from both regular and irregular wave tests are shown. Wave transmission test results are plotted and compared with previous tests of a proposed rubble-mound alternative. Test results indicate that three-unit and four-unit OSPREY arrays allow significantly more wave energy transmission than the rubble-mound breakwater. In order to satisfy the basic requirements for wave sheltering at this site, it would appear that the OSPREY units must be placed closer together, integrated within the rubble mound, or spaced using integrated inactive caissons.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammatory processes and inflammatory bowel diseases (2008)

With regard to inflammatory processes, the main fatty acids of interest are the n-6 PUFA arachidonic acid (AA), which is the precursor of inflammatory eicosanoids like prostaglandin E(2) and leukotriene B(4), and the n-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). EPA and DHA are found in oily fish and fish oils. EPA and DHA inhibit AA metabolism to inflammatory eicosanoids. They also give rise to mediators that are less inflammatory than those produced from AA or that are anti-inflammatory. In addition to modifying the lipid mediator profile, n-3 PUFAs exert effects on other aspects of inflammation like leukocyte chemotaxis and inflammatory cytokine production. Some of these effects are likely due to changes in gene expression, as a result of altered transcription factor activity. Fish oil has been shown to decrease colonic damage and inflammation, weight loss and mortality in animal models of colitis. Fish oil supplementation in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases results in n-3 PUFA incorporation into gut mucosal tissue and modification of inflammatory mediator profiles. Clinical outcomes have been variably affected by fish oil, although some trials report improved gut histology, decreased disease activity, use of corticosteroids and relapse.
A Reconstruction-Computation-Quantization (RCQ) Approach to Node Operations in LDPC Decoding (2020)

In this paper, we propose a finite-precision decoding method that features the three steps of Reconstruction, Computation, and Quantization (RCQ). Unlike Mutual-Information-Maximization Quantized Belief Propagation (MIM-QBP), RCQ can approximate either belief propagation or Min-Sum decoding. One problem faced by MIM-QBP decoder is that it cannot work well when the fraction of degree-2 variable nodes is large. However, sometimes a large fraction of degree-2 variable nodes is necessary for a fast encoding structure, as seen in the IEEE 802.11 standard and the DVB-S2 standard. In contrast, the proposed RCQ decoder may be applied to any off-the-shelf LDPC code, including those with a large fraction of degree-2 variable nodes.Our simulations show that a 4-bit Min-Sum RCQ decoder delivers frame error rate (FER) performance around 0.1dB of full-precision belief propagation (BP) for the IEEE 802.11 standard LDPC code in the low SNR region.The RCQ decoder actually outperforms full-precision BP in the high SNR region because it overcomes elementary trapping sets that create an error floor under BP decoding. This paper also introduces Hierarchical Dynamic Quantization (HDQ) to design the non-uniform quantizers required by RCQ decoders. HDQ is a low-complexity design technique that is slightly sub-optimal. Simulation results comparing HDQ and an optimal quantizer on the symmetric binary-input memoryless additive white Gaussian noise channel show a loss in mutual information between these two quantizers of less than $10^{-6}$ bits, which is negligible for practical applications.
Cystic Fibrosis Mice Develop Spontaneous Chronic Bordetella Airway Infections (2017)

Chronic pulmonary disease and infection is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Though <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, is most commonly found in the airways of individuals with CF, there is increasing appreciation for the diversity of the CF microbiome, including other taxa such as <i>Bordetella</i>. Here we describe the identification and impact of <i>Bordetella pseudohinzii</i> infection in CF mice, which previously have not been thought to develop spontaneous airway infections. We determined that CF mice are more susceptible to the <i>B. pseudohinzii</i> infections, and less able to resolve the infection than non-CF mice. Moreover, in both CF and non-CF mice, <i>B. pseudohinzii</i> infections lead to markedly reduced respiratory rates and a CF-specific immune response. These results establish the CF mouse model as an important tool for the study of CF-relevant infection and highlight the potential contribution of <i>Bordetella</i> to CF clinical pathology.
Sublingual capillary de-recruitment with preserved recruitability in resuscitated patients with circulatory shock (2023)

Abstract Background Circulatory shock and multi-organ failure remain major contributors to mortality in critically ill patients, resulting in decoupling of macro- and microcirculatory function. Recent studies have identified the recruitment of microcirculatory diffusion capacity as reflected by an increase in functional capillary density (FCD) in response to a topical nitroglycerin (NG) administration as a mechanism to increase oxygen delivery to the tissue. However, the effect of circulatory shock on microcirculatory recruitability remains unclear. We hypothesized that circulatory shock leads to microcirculatory de-recruitment reflected by a lower FCD and lower RBCv, similar maximum recruitable FCD (FCD NG ) and RBCV (RBCv NG ), and increased microcirculatory recruitability (ΔFCD NG and ΔFCD NG ). Methods Sublingual handheld vital microscopy measurements and assessment of microcirculatory recruitability were performed after initial fluid resuscitation in mechanically ventilated patients consecutively admitted to the tertiary medical ICU of the university hospital of Zurich. The presence of circulatory shock was defined as &gt; 3 of the following: cardiac index (CI) &lt; 2.2 l/min/m 2 , lactate &gt; 2 mmol/l, vasopressor dependent index (VDI) &gt; 3, Mottling score ≥ 2, capillary refill time (CRT) &gt; 3s, mean arterial pressure (MAP) &lt; 65 mmHg or the use of ECLC. FCD, FCD NG , and ΔFCD NG were assessed using the MicroTools advanced computer vision algorithm. Results 54 patients (57 ± 14y, BMI 26.3 ± 4.9kg/m2, SAPS 56 ± 19, 65% male) were included, 13 of which with circulatory shock (6 cardiogenic, 4 septic, 3 other). As compared to the controls, patients with circulatory shock presented with similar CI and MAP, but higher heart rate (p &lt; 0.001), central venous pressure (p = 0.02), lactate (p &lt; 0.001), CRT (p &lt; 0.01), and Mottling score (p &lt; 0.001). FCD and FCD NG were 15% and 10% lower in patients with circulatory shock (18.9 ± 3.2 to 16.9 ± 4.2, p &lt; 0.01; 21.3 ± 2.9 to 19.3 ± 3.1; p = 0.03), while ΔFCD NG and ΔRBCv NG remained similar. Conclusion In patients presenting with comparable macrocirculatory status but clinical signs of impaired microcirculation and tissue hypoxia, monitoring of the sublingual microcirculation revealed signs of capillary de-recruitment and loss of recruitability potential suggesting microcirculatory tamponade associated with fluid resuscitation. These results indicate a potential benefit of monitoring microcirculation in critically ill patients in shock.
Application of inclusion chromatography to the determination of in vitro metabolites of bufalin (1989)

The application of inclusion chromatography using γ-cyclodextrin as a mobile phase additive in high-performance liquid chromatography to the determination of in vitro metabolites of bufalin, one of the representatives of cardiac steroids having six membered lactone ring at 17 β-position, has been reported. Bufalin was metabolized to 3-epimer via 3-dehydro intermediate by rat liver homogenate
A study of air launch methods for RLVs (2001)

Many organizations have proposed air launch Reusable Launch Vehicles (RLVs) due to a renewed interest generated by NASA’s 2 Generation Space Launch Initiative. Air launched RLVs are categorized as captive on top, captive on bottom, towed, aerial refueled, and internally carried. The critical design aspects of various proposed air launch RLVs concepts are evaluated. It is found that many concepts are not possible with today’s technology. The authors introduce a new air launch concept that is possible with today’s technology called SwiftLaunch RLV.
Defining Posterior Wall Fragments in Associated Both Column Acetabular Fractures (OTA/AO 62C) (2023)

Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Photochemistry and photophysics of small heterocyclic molecules: III. Continuous wave CO <sub>2</sub> laser chemistry of ethylene oxide (1999)

The gas-phase continuous wave IR laser photolysis of ethylene oxide (oxirane) was examined in the presence of SiF4 as a sensitizer molecule. Acetaldehyde, ethylene, acetylene, methane and carbon monoxide are the resultant gaseous products detected by IR spectroscopy. No significant reaction occurs in the absence of this sensitizing agent or at laser frequencies not resonant with transitions of both oxirane and SiF4. The dependence of the photolysis on laser fluence, gas (total and/or sensitizer) pressure and laser wavelength was examined. The data are consistent with the involvement of highly vibrationally excited oxirane molecules produced by a combination of collisional and radiative processes. The product distribution is consistent with recent ab initio predictions. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Age as a Factor of Growth in Mastoid Thickness and Skull Width (2020)

Mastoid thickness and skull width increased with age, while the cochlear size was independent of age, mastoid thickness, and the size of the skull.
N6-adenosine methylation of ribosomal RNA affects lipid oxidation and stress resistance (2020)

During stress, global translation is reduced, but specific transcripts are actively translated. How stress-responsive mRNAs are selectively translated is unknown. We show that METL-5 methylates adenosine 1717 on 18<i>S</i> ribosomal RNA in <i>C. elegans</i>, enhancing selective ribosomal binding and translation of specific mRNAs. One of these mRNAs, CYP-29A3, oxidizes the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid to eicosanoids, key stress signaling molecules. While <i>metl-5-</i>deficient animals grow normally under homeostatic conditions, they are resistant to a variety of stresses. <i>metl-5</i> mutant worms also show reduced bioactive lipid eicosanoids and dietary supplementation of eicosanoid products of CYP-29A3 restores stress sensitivity of <i>metl-5</i> mutant worms. Thus, methylation of a specific residue of 18<i>S</i> rRNA by METL-5 selectively enhances translation of <i>cyp-29A3</i> to increase production of eicosanoids, and blocking this pathway increases stress resistance. This study suggests that ribosome methylation can facilitate selective translation, providing another layer of regulation of the stress response.
Ultrafast dynamics of interfacial electric fields in semiconductor heterostructures monitored by pump-probe second-harmonic generation (2002)

We report measurements of the ultrafast dynamics of interfacial electric fields in semiconductor multilayers using pump-probe second-harmonic generation (SHG). A pump beam was tuned to excite carriers in all the layers in GaAs/GaSb and GaAs/GaSb/InAs heterostructures. The resulting carrier dynamics manifests itself via electric fields created by charge separation due to carrier redistribution at the interfaces. The evolution of interfacial fields is monitored by a probe beam through an eletric-field-induced SHG signal. We distinguish between several stages of dynamics originating from redistribution of carriers between the layers. We also find a strong enhancement of the induced electric field caused by hybridization of the conduction and valence bands at the GaSb/InAs interface.
Aerosol Charge Neutralization by a Corona Ionizer (1993)

A new aerosol neutralizer, which makes use of a corona ionizer to produce bipolar ions, has been designed and evaluated. The corona neutralizer consists of three components: a dual-needle ionizer for the generation of bipolar ions, an opposing-jet mixer for the uniform mixing of ions and particles, and a charging chamber for particle charge neutralization by ions. The bipolar ionizer consists of two unipolar ionizers for producing positive and negative ions, respectively. They are mixed to obtain the appropriate mixture of bipolar ions. Aerosol particals are then mixed with the bipolar ions in the mixer and are electrically discharged by collision with the bipolar ions in the charging chamber. The charge distribution of aerosol particles exiting the new corona neutralizer is found to depend on the ratio of electric current of positive ions and negative ions I − / I − and to attain the Boltzmann charge distribution at I + / I − = 1.0. The neutralizer has been shown to effectively reduce the particle charges from either the high unipolarly charged or bipolarly charged states to the Boltzmann charge distribution