gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparative techno-economic assessment of bidirectional heavy duty and light duty plug-in electric vehicles operation: A case study (2023)

The proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) all around the world offers both challenges and opportunities to build a sustainable city and transportation system. Bidirectional charging capabilities at workplace charging facilities (e.g., as part of a microgrid) have made the overall economic optimization more attractive on one hand, but also more complex on the other hand. This paper investigates the cost optimization problem for bidirectional charging at a workplace microgrid connected to two different buildings to determine the optimal framework for a combination of both heavy-duty and light-duty electric vehicles (HDEV and LDEV). A deep learning-based model has been developed to forecast the 15-minute solar generation and building power consumption. Real-time travel profile data has been used to represent the temporal uncertainty of electric vehicle charging. The cost optimization problem is formulated as a Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) model which also addresses battery life degradation. Furthermore, a comprehensive economic analysis has been carried out to analyze the payback period, peak reduction, and cost savings for two different buildings at the same workplace with both on-board and off-board charger configurations. It has been found that HDEV is a better cost-effective solution in comparison to LDEV in terms of energy cost reduction and payback periods. Net metering capability leads to higher energy savings and peak reductions in most cases.
Ethanol Diversely Alters Palmitate, Stearate, and Oleate Metabolism in the Liver and Pancreas of Rats Using the Deuterium Oxide Single Tracer (2009)

Long-term alcohol exposure results in opposite effects on the desaturase activity in the liver and pancreas, limiting fatty acid transport in the liver but promoting the exocrine function of the pancreas.
P2–303: Amyloid depositions in MCI–patients studied with PIB–PET (2006)

Amyloid depositions are one of the major histopathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). PIB (N–methyl[11C]2–(4′methylaminophenyl)–6–hydroxy–benzothiazole) has in previous studies shown to be a powerful surrogate marker of amyloid depositions able to discriminate between AD–patients and healthy controls. Early detection of amyloid in people at risk to develop AD is of great importance in the effort to treat patients at an early stage of the disease. The presence of amyloid depositions at an early stage of the disease progress has been reported. In this study we aim to investigate amyloid depositions in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and relate that to parameters as glucose metabolism, CSF measurements, as well as neuropsychological investigations. 21 MCI–patients were recruited from the Geriatric clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, and studied with PIB–PET and FDG–PET at Uppsala Imanet AB, Uppsala, Sweden. The patients also underwent thorough clinical investigations including neurpsychological investigations and CSF sampling of Aβ, total tau and phospho tau. The data was analyzed with ROI–analysis (regions of interest). 13 of the 21 MCI–patients showed PIB retention similar to AD–patients, while 8 showed normal or just slight increase in PIB retention. The total group of MCI patients has significantly higher PIB retention in cortical brain areas compared to healthy controls. During the inclusion period 5 patients scanned in the first years of inclusion have so far converted to Alzheimer's disease. All of these 5 patients show high PIB retention, comparable to AD–patients. There are no significant correlations between PIB retention and CMRglc. Our results show significant correlation between PIB retention and all totTau (in CSF) in several cortical regions. Analysis of relation between PIB retention and neuropsychological measurements are not yet finalized. Of 21 patients we find PIB retention in more then half and all of the patients converting to AD show high PIB retention. These findings imply that it is possible to find amyloid depositions in patients that not have developed AD and that PIB probably could serve as a diagnostic marker able to discriminate patients with an increased risk of developing AD.
Brain stem death induces pro-inflammatory cytokine production and cardiac dysfunction in sheep model (2021)

BSD induced systemic pro-inflammatory responses, characterized by increased neutrophil infiltration and cytokine production in the circulation and BAL fluid, and associated with reduced heart contractile function in ovine model of BSD.
Cancer Resistance Is Mediated by the Upregulation of Several Anti-Apoptotic Gene Products <i>via</i> the Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase/Nitric Oxide Pathway: Therapeutic Implications (2023)

<b><i>Significance:</i></b> Several therapeutic strategies for cancer treatments have been developed with time, and significant milestones have been achieved recently. However, with these novel therapies, not all cancer types respond and in the responding cancer types only a subset is affected. The failure to respond is principally the result that these cancers develop several mechanisms of resistance. Thus, a focus of current research investigations is to unravel the various mechanisms that regulate resistance and identify suitable targets for new therapeutics. <b><i>Recent Advances:</i></b> Hence, many human cancer types have been reported to overexpress the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and it has been suggested that iNOS/nitric oxide (NO) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of resistance. We have postulated that iNOS overexpression or NO regulates the overexpression of pivotal anti-apoptotic gene products such as B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), B-cell lymphoma extra large (Bcl-xL), myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1), and survivin. In this report, we describe the various mechanisms, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational, by which iNOS/NO regulates the expression of the above anti-apoptotic gene products. <b><i>Critical Issues:</i></b> The iNOS/NO-mediated regulation of the four gene products is not the same with both specific and overlapping pathways. Our findings are, in large part, validated by bioinformatic analyses demonstrating, in several cancers, several direct correlations between the expression of iNOS and each of the four examined anti-apoptotic gene products. <b><i>Future Directions:</i></b> We have proposed that targeting iNOS may be highly efficient since it will result in the underexpression of multiple anti-apoptotic proteins and shifting the balance toward the proapoptotic gene products and reversal of resistance. <i>Antioxid. Redox Signal.</i> 39, 853-889.
PathfinderTURB: an automatic boundary layer algorithm. Development, validation and application to study the impact on in-situ measurements at the Jungfraujoch (2017)

Abstract. Continuous observations of the vertical structure of the planetary boundary layer are invaluable for the validation of atmospheric transport models on the micro and meso scale. Lidar and ceilometer backscatter observations offer a robust technique with growing spatial coverage, but the obtained backscatter profiles need to be carefully translated into boundary layer parameters. Here we present the development of the PathfinderTURB algorithm for the analysis of ceilometer backscatter data and the real-time detection of the vertical structure of the planetary boundary layer. Two typical aerosol layer heights are retrieved by PathfinderTURB: the Convective Boundary Layer (CBL) and the Continuous Aerosol Layer (CAL). PathfinderTURB combines the strengths of gradient- and variance-based methods and addresses the layer attribution problem by adopting a geodesic approach. The algorithm has been applied to one year of data measured by two CHM15k ceilometers operated at the Aerological Observatory of Payerne (491 m, a.s.l.) on the Swiss plateau, and at the Kleine Scheidegg (2061 m, a.s.l.) in the Swiss Alps. The retrieval of the CBL has been validated at Payerne using two reference methods: (1) manual detections of the CBL height performed by independent human experts using the ceilometer backscatter data of the year 2014; (2) values of CBL heights calculated using the Richardson's method from co-located radio sounding data. We found average biases as small as 27 m (53 m) with respect to reference method 1 (2). Based on the excellent agreement with the two reference methods, PathfinderTURB has been applied to the ceilometer data at the mountainous site of the Kleine Scheidegg for the period September 2014 till November 2015. At this site, the CHM15k is operated in a novel, tilted configuration at 71° zenith angle to probe the air next to the Sphinx Observatory (3580 m, a.s.l.) on the Jungfraujoch (JFJ). The analysis of the retrieved layers led to the following results: the CAL reaches the JFJ during 41 % of the time in summer and during 21 % of the time in winter for a total of 97 days during the two seasons. The season-averaged daily cycles show that the CBL height reaches the JFJ only during short periods (4 % of the time) on 20 individual days in summer and never during winter. Especially during summer the CBL and the CAL modify the air sampled in-situ at JFJ, resulting in an unequivocal dependence of the measured absorption coefficient on the height of both layers. This highlights the relevance of retrieving the height of CAL and CBL in mountainous regions.
Prevalence of Psychiatric Morbidity in Females amongst Infertile Couples- A Hospital Based Report (2016)

Psychiatric morbidity was higher among female partners than male partners. The difference was statistically significant and the situation needs further workup.
ChemInform Abstract: Biohydrogenation of Unsaturated Compounds by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Part 1. Stereochemical Aspects of the Reaction and Preparation of Useful Bifunctional Chiral Synthons. (1987)

Abstract The olefinic esters(III) are prepared as an E/Z mixture from the compounds (I) and (II) with different E/Z ratios depending on the base used.
[3H]Bradykinin receptor binding in mammalian tissue membranes. (1981)

[3H]Bradykinin binds to membranes from a variety of mammalian tissues in a saturable fashion with a dissociation constant of about 5 nM. Highest levels of binding are detected in guinea pig ileum, colon, and duodenum and in the oestrus rat uterus. The relative potencies of bradykinin derivatives in competing for these binding sites in guinea pig ileum membranes correlate with their contractile potencies in the ileum better than with contractile effects in the uterus. Thus, receptor recognition sites may differ in ileum and uterus. Monovalent and divalent cations at physiological concentrations reduce [3H]bradykinin binding. Of the monovalent cations, medium lowers binding 50% at about 80 mM. Among the divalent cations, calcium lowers binding about 50% at 5 mM, suggesting a link to the calcium conductance channel.
Effects of Membrane Thickness on the Molecular Dynamics and Enzymic Activity of Reconstituted Ca-ATPase (1994)

We have studied the effect of phospholipid chain length on the activity and molecular dynamics of reconstituted Ca-ATPase from skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), using time-resolved phosphorescence anisotropy (TPA) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). We used reconstituted Ca-ATPase in exogenous phosphatidylcholines with monounsaturated chains 14-24 carbons long, to determine their effects on the physical properties of the Ca-ATPase and to correlate these physical changes with changes in the ATPase activity. In agreement with previous studies, we found that the enzyme activity was maximal with a chain length of 18 and decreased substantially with longer or shorter chains. Our TPA results show that chain lengths longer or shorter than the optimal 18 result in a significantly decreased mobility of the Ca-ATPase, indicated by higher residual anisotropy and suggesting extensive protein aggregation. Saturation-transfer EPR data obtained with a spin label bound to a different site also indicates substantial immobilization of the enzyme, supporting the TPA results. There is good agreement between the fractional inhibition of the Ca-ATPase activity and the fraction of the enzyme in large aggregates. Solubilization in the nonionic detergent C12E8 demonstrated that inhibition of enzyme activity is reversible. In contrast to the large effects on protein mobility, these changes in chain length had little or no effect on hydrocarbon chain mobility as detected by conventional EPR at different depths in the membrane. We conclude that the Ca-ATPase has an optimum lipid bilayer thickness, presumably matching the thickness of the hydrophobic transmembrane surface of the enzyme, and that deviation from this optimum thickness produces a hydrophobic mismatch that induces protein aggregation and hence Ca-ATPase inhibition. This is consistent with our proposal that protein dynamics and protein-protein interactions are of primary importance to the Ca-ATPase mechanism.
Identification of elders at higher risk for fall with statewide electronic health records and a machine learning algorithm (2020)

By using the EHR data, this risk assessment tool attained an improved discriminative ability and can be immediately deployed in the health system to provide automatic early warnings to older adults with increased fall risk and identify their personalized risk factors to facilitate customized fall interventions.
Ultralow-Fouling Behavior of Biorecognition Coatings Based on Carboxy-Functional Brushes of Zwitterionic Homo- and Copolymers in Blood Plasma: Functionalization Matters (2017)

Fouling from complex biological fluids such as blood plasma to biorecognition element (BRE)-functionalized coatings hampers the use of affinity biosensor technologies in medical diagnostics. Here, we report the effects the molecular mechanisms involved in functionalization of low-fouling carboxy-functional coatings have on the BRE capacity and resistance to fouling from blood plasma. The specific mechanisms of EDC/NHS activation of carboxy groups, BRE attachment, and deactivation of residual activated groups on recently developed ultra-low-fouling carboxybetaine polymer and copolymer brushes (pCB) as well as conventional carboxy-terminated oligo(ethylene glycol)-based alkanethiolate self-assembled monolayers (OEG-SAMs) are studied using the polarization modulation infrared reflection/absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance methods. It is shown that the fouling resistance of BRE-functionalized pCB coatings is strongly influenced by a deactivation method affecting the ultra-low-fouling molecular structure of the brush and surface charges. It is revealed that, in contrast to free carboxy-group-terminated OEG-SAMs, only a partial deactivation of EDC/NHS-activated zwitterionic carboxy groups by spontaneous hydrolysis is possible in the pCB brushes. The fouling resistance of activated/BRE-functionalized pCB is shown to be recovered only by covalent attachment of amino acid deactivation agents to residual activated carboxy groups of pCB. The developed deactivation procedure is further combined with ultra-low-fouling brushes of random copolymer carboxybetaine methacrylamide (CBMAA) and N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMAA) with optimized CBMAA content (15%) providing a BRE-functionalized coating with superior fouling resistance over various carboxy-functional low-fouling coatings including homopolymer pCB brushes and OEG-SAMs. The biorecognition capabilities of pHPMAA-CBMAA(15%) are demonstrated via the sensitive label-free detection of a microRNA cancer biomarker (miR-16) in blood plasma.
Approach to realization of highly-efficient deep groove milling (2016)

In the recent years, the demand of lighter-weighted and thinner parts has increased in the automotive and aerospace industries. For the mass production of these parts, dies and molds with deep and narrow grooves are needed. However, in order to manufacture these dies and molds, slender end mills projected out long are needed which causes both mode-coupling and regenerative chatter vibration severely because of its low rigidity. Therefore, cutting is performed at a low efficiency, being the bottleneck of the manufacture of dies and molds. In this research, a novel method is proposed for highly efficient deep groove milling, which utilizes variable pitch/helix end mills for suppression of regenerative chatter and special tool paths, such as trochoidal paths, for suppression of mode-coupling chatter by limitation of the immersion angle. Here, the critical immersion angle is derived theoretically, and experiments are performed to validate this angle and find future possibilities in highly-efficient deep groove milling.
Hole Doping and Structural Transformation in CsTl<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>Hg<sub><i>x</i></sub>Cl<sub>3</sub> (2014)

CsTlCl(3) and CsTlF(3) perovskites have been theoretically predicted to be superconductors when properly hole-doped. Both compounds have been previously prepared as pure compounds: CsTlCl(3) in a tetragonal (I4/m) and a cubic (Fm3̅m) perovskite polymorph and CsTlF(3) as a cubic perovskite (Fm3̅m). In this work, substitution of Tl in CsTlCl(3) with Hg is reported, in an attempt to hole-dope the system and induce superconductivity. The whole series CsTl(1-x)HgxCl(3) (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8) was prepared. CsTl(0.9)Hg(0.1)Cl(3) is tetragonal as the more stable phase of CsTlCl(3). However, CsTl(0.8)Hg(0.2)Cl(3) is already cubic with the space group Fm3̅m and with two different positions for Tl(+) and Tl(3+). For x = 0.4 and 0.5, solid solutions could not be formed. For x ≥ 0.6, the samples are primitive cubic perovskites with one crystallographic position for Tl(+), Tl(3+), and Hg(2+). All of the samples formed are insulating, and there is no signature of superconductivity. X-ray absorption spectroscopy indicates that all of the samples have a mixed-valence state of Tl(+) and Tl(3+). Raman spectroscopy shows the presence of the active Tl-Cl-Tl stretching mode over the whole series and the intensity of the Tl-Cl-Hg mode increases with increasing Hg content. First-principle calculations confirmed that the phases are insulators in their ground state and that Hg is not a good dopant in the search for superconductivity in this system.
Electric-Field-Modulated Circular-Difference Effects in Second-Harmonic Generation from a Chiral Liquid Crystal (2002)

Optisches Verhalten eines Flüssigkristalls: Die chirale discotische nematische Phase der Verbindung 1 in Dodecan entwickelt bei Ausrichtung durch ein elektrisches Feld frequenzverdoppelnde Eigenschaften. Die Intensität des Signals wird durch die Helicität des circular polarisierten Lichts beeinflusst. Bei umgekehrter Feldpolarität ändert sich das Vorzeichen.
Senescence induction dictates response to chemo- and immunotherapy in preclinical models of ovarian cancer (2022)

High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is a cancer with dismal prognosis due to the limited effectiveness of existing chemo- and immunotherapies. To elucidate mechanisms mediating sensitivity or resistance to these therapies, we developed a fast and flexible autochthonous mouse model based on somatic introduction of HGSOC-associated genetic alterations into the ovary of immunocompetent mice using tissue electroporation. Tumors arising in these mice recapitulate the metastatic patterns and histological, molecular, and treatment response features of the human disease. By leveraging these models, we show that the ability to undergo senescence underlies the clinically observed increase in sensitivity of homologous recombination (HR)-deficient HGSOC tumors to platinum-based chemotherapy. Further, cGas/STING-mediated activation of a restricted senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) was sufficient to induce immune infiltration and sensitize HR-deficient tumors to immune checkpoint blockade. In sum, our study identifies senescence propensity as a predictor of therapy response and defines a limited SASP profile that appears sufficient to confer added vulnerability to concurrent immunotherapy and, more broadly, provides a blueprint for the implementation of electroporation-based mouse models to reveal mechanisms of oncogenesis and therapy response in HGSOC.
Simultaneous measurement of two strain components using 3×3 and 2×2 coupler-based passive demodulation of optical fiber sensors (1994)

This paper uses 3-3 and 2-2 coupler passive demodulation of combined Michelson and polarimetric optical fiber sensors to simultaneously measure axial and transverse strain components in a single optical fiber sensor. The separated Michelson and polarimetric signals are used with isothermal Michelson and polarimetric phase strain models to provide two independent equations describing the strain in the fiber. These equations provide enough information to simultaneously calculate axial and transverse strains in surface mounted sensors. Experiments performed on vibrating cantilever beams show good agreement with measurements made with resistance strain gauges.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Ultra-Near Fields of Bodies of Translation With Discontinuities: ω-κ Representations (2001)

Ultra-near fields scattered from bodies of translation (BOTs) with surface and gap discontinuities are analyzed using frequency wave vector (w-k) representations. The scattering surfaces are assumed to be perfectly electrically conducting (p.e.c.) and can be electrically large. The theoretical formulation is based on first principles. The electric field integral equation (EFIE) for the BOT scatterer is solved by the method of moments (MM). Next the scattered fields in the operator form of the EFIE are Fourier transformed over the spatial domain. The resulting ω-κ representation delineates the propagated and evanescent waves near the scattering surface. The analytical results are compared with experimental data.
A Machine Learning Approach to Visual Perception of Forest Trails for Mobile Robots (2015)

We study the problem of perceiving forest or mountain trails from a single monocular image acquired from the viewpoint of a robot traveling on the trail itself. Previous literature focused on trail segmentation, and used low-level features such as image saliency or appearance contrast; we propose a different approach based on a deep neural network used as a supervised image classifier. By operating on the whole image at once, our system outputs the main direction of the trail compared to the viewing direction. Qualitative and quantitative results computed on a large real-world dataset (which we provide for download) show that our approach outperforms alternatives, and yields an accuracy comparable to the accuracy of humans that are tested on the same image classification task. Preliminary results on using this information for quadrotor control in unseen trails are reported. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first letter that describes an approach to perceive forest trials, which is demonstrated on a quadrotor micro aerial vehicle.
Robust Knowledge Graph Completion with Stacked Convolutions and a\n Student Re-Ranking Network (2021)

Knowledge Graph (KG) completion research usually focuses on densely connected\nbenchmark datasets that are not representative of real KGs. We curate two KG\ndatasets that include biomedical and encyclopedic knowledge and use an existing\ncommonsense KG dataset to explore KG completion in the more realistic setting\nwhere dense connectivity is not guaranteed. We develop a deep convolutional\nnetwork that utilizes textual entity representations and demonstrate that our\nmodel outperforms recent KG completion methods in this challenging setting. We\nfind that our model's performance improvements stem primarily from its\nrobustness to sparsity. We then distill the knowledge from the convolutional\nnetwork into a student network that re-ranks promising candidate entities. This\nre-ranking stage leads to further improvements in performance and demonstrates\nthe effectiveness of entity re-ranking for KG completion.\n