gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adhoc personal ubiquitous multimedia services via UPNP (2001)

Small screen devices like cellular phones or Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) are the artifacts of information technology almost everybody carries around today. Together with wireless networks they are the ubiquitous gateway to information and services. Especially the increasing bandwidth together with the improving processing power of these devices supply us with capabilities known only from desktop computers a couple of years ago. However, the access to rich multimedia content using these devices is almost impossible due to the physical limitations without performing lossy content reduction. An idea to overcome these limitations results from the observation that our daily life is surrounded by information technology almost everywhere, e.g. PC’s, Laptops TV sets, public terminals, etc.. These “larger screen devices” can be used in conjunction with the small screen device to extend its capabilities and to provide access to rich multimedia content and services without any sacrifice. In order to do so the small screen device must be able to access these devices and to remotely control them. UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) [1] is a technology, which connects appliances on an adhoc basis. In this paper we will present our concept of ad-hoc personal ubiquitous multimedia services and illustrate an UPnP based implementation, which allows users a high degree of mobility and in parallel facilitates the access of rich multimedia contents by using a small screen device.
Complementary action of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-17A induces interleukin-23, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, and matrix metalloproteinases and drives bone and cartilage pathology in experimental arthritis: rationale for combination therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (2015)

IL-17 and GM-CSF differentially mediate the inflammatory process in arthritic joints and show complementary and local additive effects. Combined blockade in arthritic mice reduced joint damage not only by direct inhibition of IL-17 and GM-CSF but also by indirect inhibition of IL-23 and RANKL. Our results provide a rationale for combination therapy in autoinflammatory conditions, especially for patients who do not fully respond to inhibition of the separate cytokines.
Biologic Association Annual Summit: 2020 Report (2021)

Interest and research in biologic approaches for tissue healing are exponentially growing for a variety of musculoskeletal conditions. The recent hype concerning musculoskeletal biological therapies (including viscosupplementation, platelet-rich plasma, and cellular therapies, or "stem cells") is driven by several factors, including demand by patients promising regenerative evidence supported by substantial basic and translational work, as well as commercial endeavors that complicate the scientific and lay understanding of biological therapy outcomes. While significant improvements have been made in the field, further basic and preclinical research and well-designed randomized clinical trials are needed to better elucidate the optimal indications, processing techniques, delivery, and outcome assessment. Furthermore, biologic treatments may have potential devastating complications when proper methods or techniques are ignored. For these reasons, an association comprising several scientific societies, named the Biologic Association (BA), was created to foster coordinated efforts and speak with a unified voice, advocating for the responsible use of biologics in the musculoskeletal environment in clinical practice, spearheading the development of standards for treatment and outcomes assessment, and reporting on the safety and efficacy of biologic interventions. This article will introduce the BA and its purpose, provide a summary of the 2020 first annual Biologic Association Summit, and outline the future strategic plan for the BA.
High Temperature Fracture Mechanisms in Metallic Matrix Composites Produced by Solidification Techniques (1992)

Basic studies of solidification processing and high temperature deformation that have a critical effect on fracture in intermetallic materials have been conducted. A study was undertaken with the objective of assessing the correlation between point counting, image analysis and acid analysis, for the determination of the volume fraction of particulate reinforcement in MMCs. In order to illustrate the effects of reinforcement and matrix composition on the results, two different matrices (Al and Ni3A1) and two types of reinforcing particulates (SiC and TiB2) were selected for the present study. High temperature fracture, Metal matrix composites, Solidification processing.
A UK portrait of wind-induced undercatch in rainfall measurement (2017)

Rainfall is vital to life; civilisation depends upon it. Changing local and regional rainfall regimes toward more intense storm events (e.g. in the UK), increases the existing challenge of accurately measuring and modelling rainfall. Data from rain gauges, often considered to provide the most accurate practicable measure of precipitation at a point in space in time, play a critical role. They are used for, inter alia, ﬂood forecasting and ﬂood risk management; radar calibration and numerical weather prediction models; urban planning and drainage; and water resource management and hydrological modelling. Despite the key importance of these measurements, they remain susceptible to fundamental sources of systematic error which are often not considered when rainfall data are used. Inaccuracies in measurements are compounded in modelling applications by producing potentially misleading or incorrect results; it is therefore of great importance to understand and present uncertainty in observations. Standard practice is to mount rain gauges above the ground surface. This conﬁguration obstructs the prevailing wind which causes an acceleration of airﬂow above the oriﬁce. Precipitation is deﬂected away from the oriﬁce and lands ’downstream’ of the area represented by the gauge measurement, reducing its collection efﬁciency (CE). This phenomenon is commonly referred to as ‘wind-induced undercatch’. The physical shape of a gauge bears a signiﬁcant impact on its CE. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are used to investigate how different shapes of precipitation gauge are affected by the wind. CFD modelling is supported by high-resolution ﬁeld measurements at several exposed ‘Hydro-Met’ research stations in the UK. These sites are occupied by rain gauges which are scrutinised in the CFD analyses. The reference measurements at all sites are made within a WMO reference pit, where the rain gauge is mounted with its oriﬁce at ground level and surrounded by an appropriate grid structure. ‘Undercatch’ exhibited within UK storms, not captured by operational gauge networks in the UK, is quantiﬁed and presented in this study. Results from CFD modelling and the ﬁeld studies show that gauge shape and mounting height signiﬁcantly affect the extent of the undercatch. ‘Aerodynamic’ gauges following a ‘champagne ﬂute’ or a ‘funnel’ proﬁle were demonstrated by both to have signiﬁcant advantages over conventional gauge shapes, in terms of improving the CE. This study presents the latest analyses, and proposes the possible extent of rainfall underestimation within the UK, with particular reference to its hydrology.
Cobalt–polypyrrole–cobalt nanowire field-effect transistors (2005)

Cobalt–polypyrrole(PPy)–cobalt nanowires were fabricated electrochemically in single-wire form inside anodic aluminum oxide templates. These wires were isolated by dissolving the template with chromic acid. Grown cobalt segments at both ends reveal a polycrystalline structure of a hexagonal-closest-packed structure and their [001] directions are 16° off the wire axis. By patterning a gate on one side of the wire, field-effect transistors (FETs) were produced. The measured output and transfer characteristics are as good as or better than film FETs of PPy. The gain of the wire FET could be controlled with successive electrochemical doping of the PPy segment.
Nesprins, but not sun proteins, switch isoforms at the nuclear envelope during muscle development (2010)

Nesprins are a family of nuclear transmembrane proteins anchored via Sun proteins to the nuclear membrane. Analysis of nesprins during human muscle development revealed an increase in nesprin-1-giant during early myogenesis in vitro. During the transition from immature to mature muscle fibres in vivo, nesprin-2 partly replaced nesprin-1 at the nuclear envelope and short nesprin isoforms became dominant. Sun1 and Sun2 proteins remained unchanged during this fibre maturation. In emerin-negative skin fibroblasts, nesprin-2-giant was relocated from the nuclear envelope to the cytoplasm, not to the endoplasmic reticulum, while nesprin-1 remained at the nuclear envelope. In emerin-negative keratinocytes lacking nesprin-1, nesprin-2 remained at the nuclear envelope. HeLa cell nuclear envelopes lacked nesprin-1, which was the dominant form in myoblasts, while a novel 130-kD nesprin-2 isoform dominated Ntera-2 cells. The results suggest the possibility of isoform-specific and tissue-specific roles for nesprins in nuclear positioning.
Principles of Robot Motion: Theory, Algorithms, and Implementations (2005)

A text that makes the mathematical underpinnings of robot motion accessible and relates low-level details of implementation to high-level algorithmic concepts. Robot motion planning has become a major focus of robotics. Research findings can be applied not only to robotics but to planning routes on circuit boards, directing digital actors in computer graphics, robot-assisted surgery and medicine, and in novel areas such as drug design and protein folding. This text reflects the great advances that have taken place in the last ten years, including sensor-based planning, probabalistic planning, localization and mapping, and motion planning for dynamic and nonholonomic systems. Its presentation makes the mathematical underpinnings of robot motion accessible to students of computer science and engineering, rleating low-level implementation details to high-level algorithmic concepts.
Luciferase-Based Biosensors in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic (2021)

[Image: see text] Luciferase-based biosensors have a wide range of applications and assay formats, including their relatively recent use in the study of viruses. Split luciferase, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, circularly permuted luciferase, cyclic luciferase, and dual luciferase systems have all been used to interrogate the structure and function of prominent viruses infecting humans, animals, and plants. The utility of these assays is demonstrated by numerous studies which have not only successfully characterized interactions between viral and host cell proteins but that have also used these systems to identify viral inhibitors. In the present COVID-19 pandemic, luciferase-based biosensors are already playing a critical role in the study of the culprit virus SARS-CoV-2 as well as in the development of serological assays and drug development via high-throughput screening. In this review paper, we provide a summary of existing luciferase-based biosensors and their applications in virology.
Real-time measurement of complex fast signals by bandwidth compression in frequency shifting loops (2020)

We report coherent time-to-frequency mapping in frequency shifting loops (FSLs). We show that when seeded by a temporal signal shorter than the inverse of the frequency shift per roundtrip, the optical spectrum at the FSL output consists of a periodic replica of the input waveform, whose temporal amplitude and phase profiles are mapped into the frequency domain. We provide an experimental demonstration of this phenomenon and show how this simple setup enables real-time measurement of fast non-repetitive input RF signals with a detection chain two orders of magnitude slower than the input signal.
Efficient Deep Feature Learning and Extraction via StochasticNets (2016)

Deep neural networks are a powerful tool for feature learning and extraction. One area worth exploring in feature extraction using deep neural networks is efficient neural connectivity formation for faster feature learning and extraction. Motivated by findings of stochastic synaptic connectivity formation in the brain as well as the brain's uncanny ability to efficiently represent information, we propose the efficient learning and extraction of features via StochasticNets, where sparsely-connected deep neural networks can be formed via stochastic connectivity between neurons. Experimental results show that features learned using deep convolutional StochasticNets, with fewer neural connections than conventional deep convolutional neural networks, can allow for better or comparable classification accuracy than conventional deep neural networks. Finally, it was also shown that significant gains in feature extraction speed can be achieved in embedded applications using StochasticNets.
4,6-Dimethyl-2-(4-nitrobenzylidene)-3(2H)-benzofuranone (1995)

The crystal structure of the title compound, C 17 H 13 NO 4 , is stabilized by both intra- and intermolecular C−H...O hydrogen bonds, and also by π...π interactions
[Study of new brain peptides using genetic engineering methods]. (1989)

Using the methods of molecular biology, we have been able to clone 5 rat brain specific cDNAs coding for brain specific proteins. The partial sequencing of the first of those clones gave no homology with the genes contained in Genebank and EMBL data bank. In the future, we intend to look for a possible effect of those brain specific proteins on the neuronal activity of rat brain neurons.
Fibronectin binding and cell-surface hydrophobicity of attaching effacing enteropathogenic<i>Escherichia coli</i>strains isolated from newborn and weanling rabbits with diarrhoea (1986)

32 different strains of Escherichia coli isolated from rabbits with diarrhoea were studied for cell-surface properties which may be involved in intestinal colonisation. Strains isolated from diarrhoeic suckling (6 strains) and weaning (26 strains) rabbits which were shown to attach to brush borders in vivo, showed high relative cell-surface hydrophobicity as determined by the Salt Aggregation Test (SAT) when grown on Colonisation Factor Antigen (CFA) agar at 33°C. Cells of these strains grown to express surface hydrophobicity were also defined as high, moderate or low binders of 125I-fibronectin or its 125I-29-kDa fragment in a standard binding assay. Based on these findings, we propose that binding to intestinal cell surface (mucus)-associated fibronectin may be an early important step in intestinal colonisation of the small bowel in enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) diarrhoea in rabbits and other animal species.
PCP and Septins Compartmentalize Cortical Actomyosin to Direct Collective Cell Movement (2014)

Despite our understanding of actomyosin function in individual migrating cells, we know little about the mechanisms by which actomyosin drives collective cell movement in vertebrate embryos. The collective movements of convergent extension drive both global reorganization of the early embryo and local remodeling during organogenesis. We report here that planar cell polarity (PCP) proteins control convergent extension by exploiting an evolutionarily ancient function of the septin cytoskeleton. By directing septin-mediated compartmentalization of cortical actomyosin, PCP proteins coordinate the specific shortening of mesenchymal cell-cell contacts, which in turn powers cell interdigitation. These data illuminate the interface between developmental signaling systems and the fundamental machinery of cell behavior and should provide insights into the etiology of human birth defects, such as spina bifida and congenital kidney cysts.
Malignant tracheoesophageal fistula in patients with esophageal cancer (1993)

Background. Patients with esophageal cancer and a malignant tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) have an extremely poor prognosis. Additionally, these patients often are denied treatment with radiation therapy because there is concern that these treatments may increase the size and associated problems of the TEF. Methods. To determine the appropriate treatment (use of radiation therapy) for patients with esophageal cancer and malignant TEF, a review was performed of all such cases seen at the Mayo Clinic between 1971 and 1991. Results. Between 1971 and 1991,41 patients with malignant TEF arising as a result of esophageal cancer were seen at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester. Twenty-eight of these cancers were locally recurrent, and this group of patients had a uniformly poor outcome (median survival time, 1.4 months). Thirteen patients had a malignant TEF and had not received previous treatment for their esophageal cancer. The median survival length was 4 months for this group of patients. Of the 41 patients in this study, 10 received radiation therapy for their malignant TEF (30–66 Gy). The median survival length of this group of patients was 4.8 months. Six of these 10 patients died of metastatic disease (median survival length, 9 months), and there was no evidence of progression of the local tumor. Four of these 10 patients died of local progression of the malignancy (median survival length, 3 months). Conclusions. Radiation therapy did not increase the severity of the TEF. The authors conclude that radiation therapy can be administered safely in patients with TEF resulting from esophageal cancer. In some patients, radiation treatment may contribute to stabilization of the local tumor process (60% of patients treated with radiation therapy died of metastatic disease without local progression of tumor); however, all patients in this study eventually died of esophageal cancer.
Neuronal avalanches in input and associative layers of auditory cortex (2019)

Abstract The primary auditory cortex processes acoustic sequences for the perception of behaviorally meaningful sounds such as speech. Sound information arrives at its input layer 4 from where activity propagates to associative layer 2/3. It is currently not known whether there is a particular organization of neuronal population activity that is stable across layers and sound levels during sound processing. We used in vivo 2-photon imaging of pyramidal neurons in cortical layers L4 and L2/3 of mouse A1 to characterize the populations of neurons that were active spontaneously, i.e. in the absence of a sound stimulus, and those recruited by single-frequency tonal stimuli at different sound levels. Single-frequency sounds recruited neurons of widely ranging frequency selectivity in both layers. We defined neural ensembles as neurons being active within or during successive temporal windows at the temporal resolution of our imaging. For both layers, neuronal ensembles were highly variable in size during spontaneous activity as well as during sound presentation. Ensemble sizes distributed according to power laws, the hallmark of neuronal avalanches, and were similar across sound levels. Avalanches activated by sound were composed of neurons with diverse tuning preference, yet with selectivity independent of avalanche size. Thus, spontaneous and evoked activity in both L4 and L2/3 of A1 are composed of neuronal avalanches with similar power law relationships. Our results demonstrate network principles linked to maximal dynamic range, optimal information transfer and matching complexity between L4 and L2/3 to shape population activity in auditory cortex.
<i>BRAF-KIAA1549</i> Fusion Predicts Better Clinical Outcome in Pediatric Low-Grade Astrocytoma (2011)

These data suggest that B-K fusion confers a less aggressive clinical phenotype on PLGA and may explain their tendency to growth arrest. Combined analysis of B-K fusion and γH2AX expression can determine prognosis and may be a powerful tool to tailor therapy for these patients.
Off-line coupling of capillary electrophoresis to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for elemental speciation (2008)

Forms of metals differentiated by oxidation state or bound
ligands differ remarkably in the impact on their physiological
function. On-line combination of column separation techniques,
such as capillary electrophoresis (CE) or high performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC), to inductively coupled plasma
mass spectrometry ICP MS belongs to the most powerful tools for
elemental speciation. It is usually achieved using nebulizers
or direct injection interfaces. When combined with CE, these
techniques can reduce separation resolution due to induced
liquid flow in the separation column. Here we report the first
off-line coupling of capillary electrophoresis with ICP MS,
which is based on effluent deposition on a suitable target
followed by laser ablation (LA) and transfer into ICP. The
technique is compatible with microcolumn separations in terms
of preservation both separation resolution and sensitivity.
Furthermore, the fractions collected on the target can be
archived and analyzed using other detection techniques. Effect
of laser fluence and substrate type on the results will be
discussed. Use of an absorbing substrate (PETG) allowed
reduction of the laser fluence needed for the ablation of the
deposited samples. The detection limits of Cr, Cu, Co, Fe, Ni,
Sn and Zn deposited on the target were in the subpicomolar
range. Chromium was selected as a model analyte for
investigation of the ablation process and demonstration of
elemental speciation. Two-minute CE - LA ICP MS speciation of
10 pg of Cr(III) and Cr (VI) will be presented; peak halfwidths
of as low as 3 seconds were obtained.
Emergency App for People with Hearing and Speech Disabilities: Design, Implementation and Evaluation according to Legal Requirements in Germany (2014)

We describe the design, implementation and evaluation of an App that allows people with hearing and speech impairments to make emergency calls to standard emergency call centers. The application was evaluated in two user studies involving people with hearing disabilities and emergency center staff
High-throughput screening of salivary polyamine markers for discrimination of colorectal cancer by multisegment injection capillary electrophoresis tandem mass spectrometry (2021)

Polyamine metabolites provide pathophysiological information on disease or therapeutic efficacy, yet rapid screening methods for these biomarkers are lacking. Here, we developed high-throughput polyamine metabolite profiling based on multisegment injection capillary electrophoresis triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (MSI-CE-MS/MS), which allows sequential 40-sample injection followed by electrophoretic separation and specific mass detection. To achieve consecutive analysis of polyamine samples, 1 M formic acid was used as the background electrolyte (BGE). The BGE spacer volume had an apparent effect on peak resolution among samples, and 20 nL was selected as the optimal volume. The use of polyamine isotopomers as the internal standard enabled the correction of matrix effects in MS detection. This method is sensitive, selective and quantitative, and its utility was demonstrated by screening polyamines in 359 salivary samples within 360 min, resulting in discrimination of colorectal cancer patients from noncancer controls.