gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Capturing Nonlinear Signal Distortions by the Spectral Correlation Method (2021)

Experimental results show that the spectral correlation method is suitable for characterizing the impact of nonlinear fiber effects on signal quality in agile, disaggregated and open optical networks.
307. Rapid Resistance Development to Three Antistaphylococcal Therapies in Daptomycin-tolerant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Bacteremia (2020)

Abstract Background We report a patient case of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia which over 30 days developed resistance to all three primary antistaphylococcal antibiotics. Index blood cultures displayed susceptibility to vancomycin (VAN, MIC=1), ceftaroline (CPT, MIC=0.5) and daptomycin (DAP, MIC=0.5). The patient was maintained on VAN/CPT with negative blood cultures by hospital day 7. The regimen was later modified to DAP/piperacillin-tazobactam. One month after initial presentation, during the same encounter, blood cultures were again positive for MRSA, now displaying intermediate resistance to VAN (MIC=2) and CPT (MIC=2), and resistance to DAP (MIC=4). Methods Isolates were collected from the initial bacteremia episode (B325) and the recurrence (B326). In-vitro one-compartment pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling was performed on each isolate to determine which antibiotics or combinations would effectively eradicate cultures. Regimens examined included DAP (10mg/kg), DAP/cefazolin (CFZ), VAN/CFZ and penicillin/clavulanate. Draft whole-genome sequences are pending for each clinical isolate using hybrid assembly (Unicycler v0.4.2) of MinION and Illumina (150bp PE) reads. Results DAP/CFZ combination reduced viability of both B325 and B326 below limit of detection by 12 hours and maintained efficacy for 72 h. DAP, initially effective in reducing B326 cell concentrations below limit of detection, allowed regrowth by 36 h. All other modeled therapies were less effective. Interestingly, DAP took significantly longer to kill B325 relative to S. aureus collected contemporaneously from other patients. For DAP-containing regimens, the time to 3-log viability reduction (MDK99.9) was five-fold longer in B325 compared to similar clinical isolates with the same DAP MIC. Comparative genomics of sequential isolates is pending, although single nucleotide polymorphisms in vraT and mprF were identified in B326 compared to B325. Conclusion Delayed kill kinetics of B325 when exposed to DAP may indicate antibiotic tolerance, which could partially account for B325’s rapid transition to a multi-drug resistant organism. DAP/CFZ therapy appears to be the most active combination against both antibiotic-tolerant and multidrug resistant S. aureus strains. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
ElasticCore (2015)

Heterogeneous architectures have emerged as a promising solution to enhance energy-efficiency by allowing each application to run on a core that matches resource needs more closely than a one-size-fits-all core. In this paper, an ElasticCore platform is described where core resources along with the operating voltage and frequency settings are scaled to match the application behavior at run-time. Furthermore, a linear regression model for power and performance prediction is used to guide the scaling of the core size and the operating voltage and frequency to maximize efficiency. Circuit considerations that further optimize the power efficiency of ElasticCore are also considered. Specifically, the efficiency of both off-chip and on-chip voltage regulators is analyzed for the heterogeneous architecture where the required load current changes dynamically at run-time. A distributed on-chip voltage regulator topology is proposed to accommodate the heterogeneous nature of the ElasticCore. The results indicate that ElasticCore on average achieves close to a 96% efficiency as compared to an architecture implementing the Oracle predictor where the application behavior is perfectly matched at run-time. Moreover, the proposed architecture is 30% more energy-efficient as compared to the BigLitte architecture.
Accuracy of Across-Environment Genome-Wide Prediction in Maize Nested Association Mapping Populations (2013)

Most of previous empirical studies with genome-wide prediction were focused on within-environment prediction based on a single-environment (SE) model. In this study, we evaluated accuracy improvements of across-environment prediction by using genetic and residual covariance across correlated environments. Predictions with a multienvironment (ME) model were evaluated for two corn polygenic leaf structure traits, leaf length and leaf width, based on within-population (WP) and across-population (AP) experiments using a large maize nested association mapping data set consisting of 25 populations of recombinant inbred-lines. To make our study more applicable to plant breeding, two cross-validation schemes were used by evaluating accuracies of (CV1) predicting unobserved phenotypes of untested lines and (CV2) predicting unobserved phenotypes of lines that have been evaluated in some environments but not others. We concluded that (1) genome-wide prediction provided greater prediction accuracies than traditional quantitative trait loci-based prediction in both WP and AP and provided more advantages over quantitative trait loci -based prediction for WP than for AP. (2) Prediction accuracy with ME was significantly greater than that attained by SE in CV1 and CV2, and gains with ME over SE were greater in CV2 than in CV1. These gains were also greater in WP than in AP in both CV1 and CV2. (3) Gains with ME over SE attributed to genetic correlation between environments, with little effect from residual correlation. Impacts of marker density on predictions also were investigated in this study.
Analysis, Design, and Implementation of a Single-Phase Power-Factor Corrected AC-DC Zeta Converter with High Frequency Isolation (2008)

This paper deals with the analysis, design, and implementation of a single phase AC-DC Zeta converter with high frequency transformer isolation and power factor correction(PFC) in two modes of operation, discontinuous current mode of operation(DCM), and continuous current mode of operation(CCM). A Digital Signal Processor(DSP) based implementation is carried out for validation of the Zeta converter developed design in discontinuous mode of operation. A comparison of both modes of operation is presented for a 1kW power rating from the point of view of steady state and dynamic behavior, power quality, simplicity, control technique, device rating, and converter size. The experimental results of a developed prototype of Zeta converter are presented for validation of the developed design. It is observed that CCM is most suitable for higher power applications where it requires some complex control and sensing of the additional variables.
Production of a recombinant hybrid molecule of cholera toxin‐B‐subunit and proteolipid‐protein‐peptide for the treatment of experimental encephalomyelitis (2001)

Mucosal administration of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)-specific autoantigens can reduce the onset of disease. To examine whether cholera toxin-B-subunit (CTB)-conjugated EAE-specific T-cell epitope can reduce development of the autoimmune disease in mice, we produced a recombinant hybrid molecule of CTB fusion protein linked with proteolipid-protein (PLP)-peptide139-151(C140S) at levels up to 0.1 gram per liter culture media in Bacillus brevis as a secretion-expression system. Amino acid sequencing and GM1-receptor binding assay showed that this expression system produced a uniformed recombinant hybrid protein. EAE was induced in SJL/J mice by systemic administration with the PLP-peptide. When nasally immunized 5 times with 70 microg rCTB PLP-peptide hybrid protein, mice showed a significantly suppressed development of ongoing EAE and an inhibition of both the PLP-peptide-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses and leukocyte infiltration into the spinal cord. In contrast, all mice given the PLP-peptide alone or the PLP-peptide with the free form of CTB did not suppress the development of EAE and DTH responses. These results suggest that nasal treatment with the recombinant B. brevis-derived hybrid protein of CTB and autoantigen peptide could prove useful in the control of multiple sclerosis.
Localization of Alkamides, Echinacoside and Cynarin with<i>Echinacea angustifolia</i> (2003)

ABSTRACT The alkamides, echinacoside, and cynarin in parts of three year old Echinacea angustifolia plants were quantified in this study. A chloroform extract of the plant root yielded two alkamides: undeca-2E/Z-en 8,10-diynoic acid isobutylamide (alkamide 1) and dodeca-2E, 4E, 8Z, 10E/Z-tetraenoic acid isobutylamide (alkamide 2). A relative distribution study indicated that the bark and secondary roots contained highest concentrations of echinacoside, cynarin and alkamides 1 and 2.
1-D electronic density of states for InAs/InP Quantum Dashes probed by scanning tunneling spectroscopy (2016)

Quantum Dashes (QDashes), some elongated and self-assembled semiconductor nanostructures are interesting candidates as building blocks for new laser devices with promising performances. To date, there was a lack of knowledge about the dimensionality of the confinement for carriers in such QDashes. We report on cross-sectional scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (X-STM/STS) performed on InAs(P)/InGaAsP/InP(001) QDashes, embedded in an optimized laser structure configuration. The active region consists of nine InAs(P) QDashes layers separated by InGaAsP barriers, sandwiched between a p-type and an n-type InP semiconductor. The STS measurements measured throughout the active region reveal a shift of the conduction band edges in agreement with built-in potential of the p-i-n junction. Furthermore we investigate the question of the dimensionality of the InAs(P) Q-Dashes. Local density of states measured on QDashes from layer to layer indicates a 1-D quantum-wire-like nature for these nanostructures whose squared wavefunctions were subsequently imaged by differential conductivity mapping.
The reliability of assessment of oestrogen receptor expression on needle core biopsy specimens of invasive carcinomas of the breast (2006)

Oestrogen receptor can be assessed reliably on needle core biopsies of invasive carcinomas of the breast.
Viscoelastic Behavior and In Vivo Release Study of Microgel Dispersions with Inverse Thermoreversible Gelation (2007)

The dispersion of microgels with two interpenetrating polymer networks of poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(acrylic acid) (PNIPAM-IPN-PAAc) has been studied for its viscoelastic behavior, biocompatibility, and in vivo release properties. The IPN microgels in water had an average hydrodynamic radius of about 85 nm at 21 degrees C, measured by dynamic light scattering method. The atomic force microscope image showed that the particles were much smaller after they were dried but remained spherical shape. The storage and loss moduli ( G' and G'') of dispersions of IPN microgels were measured in the linear stress regime as functions of temperature and frequency at various polymer concentrations using a stress-controlled rheometer. For dispersions with polymer concentrations of 3.0 and 6.0 wt % above 33 degrees C, the samples behave as viscoelastic solids and the storage modulus was larger than the loss modulus over the entire frequency range. The loss tangent was measured at various frequencies as a function of temperature. The gelation temperature was determined to be 33 degrees C at the point where a frequency-independent value of the loss tangent was first observed. At pH 2.5, when heated above the gelation temperature, IPN microgels flocculate by pumping a large amount of water from the gel. When the pH value was adjusted to neutral, deprotonation of -COOH groups on PAAc made the microgel keep water even above the gelation temperature. Using an animal implantation model, the biocompatibility and drug release properties of the IPN microgel dispersion were evaluated. Fluorescein as a model drug was mixed into an aqueous microgel dispersion at ambient temperature. This drug-loaded liquid was then injected subcutaneously in Balb/C mice from Taconic Farms. The test results have shown that the IPN microgels did not adversely promote foreign body reactions in this acute implantation model and the presence of gelled microgel dispersion substantially slowed the release of fluorescein.
High Temperature Operation of Al<sub>0.45</sub>Ga<sub>0.55</sub>N/Al<sub>0.30</sub>Ga<sub>0.70</sub>N High Electron Mobility Transistors (2017)

AlGaN-channel high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) are among a class of ultra wide-bandgap transistors that have a bandgap greater than ~3.4 eV, beyond that of GaN and SiC, and are promising candidates for RF and power applications. Long-channel Al<sub>x</sub>Ga<sub>1-x</sub>N HEMTs with x = 0.3 in the channel have been built and evaluated across the -50°C to +200°C temperature range. Room temperature drain current of 70 mA/mm, absent of gate leakage, and with a modest -1.3 V threshold voltage was measured. A very large I<sub>on</sub>/I<sub>off</sub> current ratio, greater than 10<sup>8</sup> was demonstrated over the entire temperature range, indicating that off-state leakage is below the measurement limit even at 200°C. Finally, combined with near ideal subthreshold slope factor that is just 1.3× higher than the theoretical limit across the temperature range, the excellent leakage properties are an attractive characteristic for high temperature operation.
Gene expression variability in clonal populations: Causes and consequences (2016)

During the last decade it has been shown that among cell variation in gene expression plays an important role within clonal populations. Here, we provide an overview of the different mechanisms contributing to gene expression variability in clonal populations. These are ranging from inherent variations in the biochemical process of gene expression itself, such as intrinsic noise, extrinsic noise and bistability to individual responses to variations in the local micro-environment, a phenomenon called phenotypic plasticity. Also genotypic variations caused by clonal evolution and phase variation can contribute to gene expression variability. Consequently, gene expression studies need to take these fluctuations in expression into account. However, frequently used techniques for expression quantification, such as microarrays, RNA sequencing, quantitative PCR and gene reporter fusions classically determine the population average of gene expression. Here, we discuss how these techniques can be adapted towards single cell analysis by integration with single cell isolation, RNA amplification and microscopy. Alternatively more qualitative selection-based techniques, such as mutant screenings, in vivo expression technology (IVET) and recombination-based IVET (RIVET) can be applied for detection of genes expressed only within a subpopulation. Finally, differential fluorescence induction (DFI), a protocol specially designed for single cell expression is discussed.
Soluble copolyimides with high modulus and low moisture absorption (1993)

Abstract A series of transparent copolyimides were prepared from PMDA‐ODPA‐TFDB via chemical imidization of the corresponding poly(amic acid)s. Copolyimides containing less than 70% PMDA were completely soluble in DMAc and other amide solvents and gave ductile films with unexpectedly high tensile moduli (up to 8.9 GPa). Water absorption, after boiling in water for 72 h, were less than 1 % for the copolymer with 67% PMDA and less than 0.5% for copolymers with less PMDA. Thermooxidative stability was comparable to a commercial polyimide film up to 325°C. A copolyimide containing 34% PMDA had the best overall properties based on the above tests. Additional evaluations revealed a coefficient of linear expansion of about 6 X 10 −6 /°C, an essentially frequency independent dielectric constant of 2.8, a dissipation factor of about 0.004–0.01 over the range of 1–1000 kHz, and complete retention of tensile properties after exposure to a humid environment for 16 weeks. A model compound study suggests the probable presence of short blocks in these copolymers. © 1993 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
The Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Thin Palladium Films Supported on a Pt(111) Electrode (2003)

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acid and alkaline solutions is investigated on thin Pd films (0 < θPd < 1.5 ML) supported on a Pt(111) electrode. In 0.1 M KOH, the general form of the current vs ϑPd relationship for the ORR has a volcano shape, with the maximum catalytic activity exhibited by a surface modified with 1 ML of Pd. However, if the amount of Pd deposited exceeds 1 ML, the reaction is inhibited and 1.5 ML of Pd are less active than unmodified Pt(111). In 0.1 M HClO4, none of the Pd films are more active than Pt(111). In solution containing Cl- (ca. 106−10-5 M), the inhibition on the Pt(111)−Pd electrode is much more severe than on bare Pt(111) due to stronger anion adsorption on Pd. We present an interpretation of the kinetics of the ORR on Pt modified by thin Pd films in alkaline and acid solution based on the electronic properties of the Pd films and how the electronic properties effect specific anion adsorption, the formation of OHad and the adsorption of the reaction intermediates.
Designing electro magnetic motor skew structure and method to skew analysis using FEM (2015)

In these days, importance of motor increase, As increasing of importance, there are many studies on increasing accuracy of controlling motor. Torque ripple is disturbance of torque control. There are many ways to reduce torque ripple and Skew analysis is widely used. This paper shows how to modeling Skew rotor and torque result of skew rotor.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Dose-Dependent Effects of Focal Fractionated Irradiation on Secondary Malignant Neoplasms in &lt;i&gt;Nf1&lt;/i&gt; Mutant Mice (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Dose-Dependent Effects of Focal Fractionated Irradiation on Secondary Malignant Neoplasms in &lt;i&gt;Nf1&lt;/i&gt; Mutant Mice
Rigid and high-numerical-aperture two-photon fluorescence endoscope (2009)

We present a rigid miniaturized optical system block fiber-optic two-photon endoscope based on a compact two-axis piezo scanner system and a miniature high (0.65) NA GRIN lens objective. The optical system is scanned as a whole by a piezo scanner allowing always an on-axis beam irradiation of the optical system. A photonic crystal fiber is used for excitation and ultrashort laser pulses can be delivered with typical power up to 100 mW at 800 nm. Two-photon fluorescence signal is collected by the use of a multimode fiber. Lateral resolution values for the system were experimentally measured to be 0.67 microm vertically and 1.08 microm horizontally. Axial resolution was found to be 5.8 microm. The endoscope is highly flexible and controllable in terms of time acquisition, resolution, and magnification. Fluorescence images were acquired over a 420 microm x 420 microm field of view. Results presented here demonstrate the ability of the system to resolve subcellular details and the potential of the technology for in vivo applications.
Reliability of multi-modal MRI-derived brain phenotypes for multi-site assessment of neuropsychiatric complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection (2021)

Abstract Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain could be a key diagnostic and research tool for understanding the neuropsychiatric complications of COVID-19. For maximum impact, multi-modal MRI protocols will be needed to measure the effects of SARS-CoV2 infection on the brain by diverse potentially pathogenic mechanisms, and with high reliability across multiple sites and scanner manufacturers. Methods A multi-modal brain MRI protocol comprising sequences for T1-weighted MRI, T2-FLAIR, diffusion MRI (dMRI), resting-state functional MRI (fMRI), susceptibility-weighted imaging (swMRI) and arterial spin labelling (ASL) was defined in close approximation to prior UK Biobank (UKB) and C-MORE protocols for Siemens 3T systems. We iteratively defined a comparable set of sequences for General Electric (GE) 3T systems. To assess multi-site feasibility and between-site variability of this protocol, N=8 healthy participants were each scanned at 4 UK sites: 3 using Siemens PRISMA scanners (Cambridge, Liverpool, Oxford) and 1 using a GE scanner (King’s College London). Over 2,000 Imaging Derived Phenotypes (IDPs) measuring both data quality and regional image properties of interest were automatically estimated by customised UKB image processing pipelines. Components of variance and intra-class correlations were estimated for each IDP by linear mixed effects models and benchmarked by comparison to repeated measurements of the same IDPs from UKB participants. Results Intra-class correlations for many IDPs indicated good-to-excellent between-site reliability. First considering only data from the Siemens sites, between-site reliability generally matched the high levels of test-retest reliability of the same IDPs estimated in repeated, within-site, within-subject scans from UK Biobank. Inclusion of the GE site resulted in good-to-excellent reliability for many IDPs, but there were significant between-site differences in mean and scaling, and reduced ICCs, for some classes of IDP, especially T1 contrast and some dMRI-derived measures. We also identified high reliability of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) IDPs derived from swMRI images, multi-network ICA-based IDPs from resting-state fMRI, and olfactory bulb structure IDPs from T1, T2-FLAIR and dMRI data. Conclusion These results give confidence that large, multi-site MRI datasets can be collected reliably at different sites across the diverse range of MRI modalities and IDPs that could be mechanistically informative in COVID brain research. We discuss limitations of the study and strategies for further harmonization of data collected from sites using scanners supplied by different manufacturers. These protocols have already been adopted for MRI assessments of post-COVID patients in the UK as part of the COVID-CNS consortium.
Breeding of a flint maize inbred line, 'Ho90', and its characteristics. (2012)

maize. 'Ho90' was developed from 'Raissa × To38', in which 'Raissa' is a hybrid bred by Pioneer Hibred France and 'To38' is an inbred line having the background of local varieties of Hokkaido and belonging to the Northen Flint. Cross pollination between the materials was performed in 1992, and S0 seeds were obtained from sib-crossing among the hybrid plants in 1993. From S0 to S6 generations, inbred line development, selection and self-pollination were repeatedly carried out in the ear-to-row system. Breeding targets during the se lect ion inc luded d isease res istance, lodg ing resistance, early vigor and ear performance. 'Ho90' is classified into the early maturing group in Hokkaido. It has high resistance to lodging as well as to northern corn leaf blight caused by Setosphaeria turcica. Also, its resistance to southern corn leaf blight caused by Cochliobolus heterostrophus is slightly high and that to common smut caused by Ustilago maydis is high. Its early growth is good, and its morphological characteristics are short and thick stalk and low ear placement. Its ear is cylindrical, and average row number is 12.4. Its seed yield is rather low and degree of pollen shedding is moderate. It shows high combining ability toward both dent lines and European fl int l ines. A new single-cross hybrid cultivar, Tachipirika, has 'Ho90' as the pollen parent.