gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Current state and conceptual framework of assistive technology provision in Saudi Arabia (2021)

The PHAATE components could serve as a guideline for a wide range of stakeholders in Saudi Arabia (e.g., researchers, product developers, practitioners, clinicians, third-party reimbursement entities, consumers, and educators) when developing service delivery systems.IMPLICATION FOR REHABILITATIONDespite the support and funding resources of AT devices by the Saudi government, there is still the needs to increase awareness and knowledge about AT application and services, as well as optimal service delivery models of AT devices.AT service delivery provision models such as PHAATE model may help clinicians and other medical professionals in Saudi Arabia to make informed decisions about the provision of AT device services.
Detection of Tilapia Lake Virus in Clinical Samples by Culturing and Nested Reverse Transcription-PCR (2017)

Tilapia are an important group of farmed fish that serve as a significant protein source worldwide. In recent years, substantial mortality of wild tilapia has been observed in the Sea of Galilee and in commercial ponds in Israel and Ecuador. We have identified the etiological agent of these mass die-offs as a novel orthomyxo-like virus and named it tilapia lake virus (TiLV). Here, we provide the conditions for efficient isolation, culturing, and quantification of the virus, including the use of susceptible fish cell lines. Moreover, we describe a sensitive nested reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay allowing the rapid detection of TiLV in fish organs. This assay revealed, for the first time to our knowledge, the presence of TiLV in diseased Colombian tilapia, indicating a wider distribution of this emerging pathogen and stressing the risk that TiLV poses for the global tilapia industry. Overall, the described procedures should provide the tilapia aquaculture industry with important tools for the detection and containment of this pathogen.
Label-free IgG/anti-IgG biosensing based on long period fiber gratings: a comprehensive feasibility study (2015)

Long period fiber gratings (LPGs) have recently been proposed as label-free biosensors. A biochemical interaction occurring along the grating region can be evaluated as a refractive index (RI) change, which modifies the transmission spectrum of the fiber. This is an emergent, alternative choice with respect to other label-free optical systems, such as surface plasmon resonance, interferometric and in-fiber configurations, and resonating structures. In this work, various types of not-coated LPGs, in which the coupling occurs with increasing cladding mode orders, were manufactured for increasing the RI sensitivity of these sensors. After the functionalization of the fiber surface using Eudragit L100 copolymer, a label-free IgG/anti-IgG bioassay was realized for analyzing the antigen/antibody interaction following the same model assay. A comprehensive feasibility study was carried out among the different LPGs in order to assess and compare the biosensor performance, highlighting the advantages and the disadvantages of each type. Experimental results proved an improvement in the RI sensitivity and in the biosensor performance in the case of high-order cladding mode LPGs, with values of detection limit lower than 50 ng mL<sup>-1</sup> (330 pM). The performance enhancement can be explained with the increase in the penetration depth of the evanescent field due to the increase of the cladding mode order. The sensor response was also studied using complex matrices made up of human serum.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Agonists (2003)

Inflammatory processes play a central role in a number of diseases afflicting the nervous system. There is considerable controversy over whether inflammatory mechanisms are the cause or consequence of neurodegenerative changes. Moreover, if inflammatory changes are secondary to more primary neuropathological changes, do they exacerbate neuronal dysfunction and promote cell death? In some neurological diseases, the inflammatory cells are the primary effectors of the pathology; for example, in multiple sclerosis, T cells direct macrophage-mediated loss of myelin. In other diseases such as stroke, peripheral leukocytes are recruited to the lesion site along with the parallel activation of the endogenous microglia. These cells act in concert to mount a robust pro-inflammatory response that greatly expands and exacerbates the primary infarct. Traumatic brain injury is also associated with inflammatory cell infiltration and induction of a local inflammatory response. More recently, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and CreutzfeldtJakob disease have been shown to have an inflammatory component arising secondary to the primary neuropathological process. The involvement of an inflammatory component in the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has recently received considerable attention (1). Indeed, the only demonstrated effective therapy for AD patients is long-term treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The mechanistic basis of the efficacy of NSAIDs in AD remains unclear. However, the recent recognition that NSAIDs can bind to and activate the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) has offered an explanation for the efficacy of these drugs in AD and has opened new therapeutic approaches to this disease. Indeed, the newly appreciated anti-inflammatory actions of PPARγ agonists may allow novel therapies for other central nervous system (CNS) indications with an inflammatory component.
Engineering conduction and valence band states in site-controlled pyramidal quantum dots (2011)

We demonstrate engineering of carrier states in the conduction band (CB) and valence band (VB) of site-controlled InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) grown into pyramidal recesses, by controlling their shape, size, and composition. QDs with CB level separation ranging from ∼15 to 70 meV are obtained, useful in applications based on intraband transitions, e.g., QD photodetectors and QD cascade lasers. Moreover, by varying the aspect ratio and composition of the QDs we are able to switch the polarization of the dominant interband transition, a feature of interest for producing single photon emitters and QD amplifiers with prescribed polarization states
ChemInform Abstract: The Reactivity of Difluorocarbene with Hydroxylamines: Synthesis of Carbamoyl Fluorides. (2016)

Abstract The conditions for the preparation of title compounds, formed as by‐products during synthetic studies, are optimized.
Glycerol-Furcated Oligonucleotides: Synthesis and Aggregation (1999)

Abstract The synthesis of the bi-furcated complementary oligonucleotides 2 and 3 is described and their complex formation is studied as a function of their molar ratio and ionic strength by means of temperature-dependent UV- and CD spectroscopy as well as by dynamic light scattering. Structural proposals for the different aggregates are given.
Component based approach to modeling for model checking (2002)

This paper presents a portion of an overall research project on the generation of a software security assessment instrument to aid developers in assessing and assuring the security of software in the development and maintenance lifecycles.
X-Ray Diffraction of Basic Types of Geological Minerals Layered and Framework Silicates Edited by V. A. Frank-Kamenetsky, NEDRA Publishers, Leningrad, USSR, 1983 (In Russian) (1987)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
A neutron spectrometer for small satellite opportunities (2015)

The detection of fast neutrons has important applications in a wide variety of fields including geospace, solar and planetary physics, and applications within Defense and Security programs. Scintillator-based technologies have a proven record for detecting and measuring fast neutrons. They have high stopping power, good energy resolution, and fast timing properties. Modern organic scintillators such as stilbene and p-terphenyl, provide improved light output and pulse shape discrimination the ability to distinguish gamma-from neutron-induced signals. Furthermore, modern readout devices such as silicon photomultipliers offer an ideal alternative to photomultiplier tubes given their inherently compact size and low operating voltages. The combination of modern scintillators and silicon photomultipliers enables new instrument designs for small satellite platforms such as CubeSats. We present the performance of a double-scatter neutron spectrometer based on p-terphenyl equipped with silicon photomultipliers. We also present preliminary results for pulse-shape discrimination using advanced waveform digitization techniques.
Caspase-11 stimulates rapid flagellin-independent pyroptosis in response to <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> (2013)

A flagellin-independent caspase-1 activation pathway that does not require NAIP5 or NRLC4 is induced by the intracellular pathogen Legionella pneumophila. Here we demonstrate that this pathway requires caspase-11. Treatment of macrophages with LPS up-regulated the host components required for this caspase-11 activation pathway. Activation by Legionella differed from caspase-11 activation using previously described agonists in that Legionella caspase-11 activation was rapid and required bacteria with a functional type IV secretion system called Dot/Icm. Legionella activation of caspase-11 induced pyroptosis by a mechanism independent of the NAIP/NLRC4 and caspase-1 axis. Legionella activation of caspase-11 stimulated activation of caspase-1 through NLRP3 and ASC. Induction of caspase-11-dependent responses occurred in macrophages deficient in the adapter proteins TRIF or MyD88 but not in macrophages deficient in both signaling factors. Although caspase-11 was produced in macrophages deficient in the type-I IFN receptor, there was a severe defect in caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis in these cells. These data indicate that macrophages respond to microbial signatures to produce proteins that mediate a capsase-11 response and that the caspase-11 system provides an alternative pathway for rapid detection of an intracellular pathogen capable of evading the canonical caspase-1 activation system that responds to bacterial flagellin.
On the asymptotic behavior of the Nadaraya-Watson estimator associated with the recursive SIR method (2012)

We investigate the asymptotic behavior of the Nadaraya-Watson estimator for the estimation of the regression function in a semiparametric regression model. On the one hand, we make use of the recursive version of the sliced inverse regression method for the estimation of the unknown parameter of the model. On the other hand, we implement a recursive Nadaraya-Watson procedure for the estimation of the regression function which takes into account the previous estimation of the parameter of the semiparametric regression model. We establish the almost sure convergence as well as the asymptotic normality for our Nadaraya-Watson estimator. We also illustrate our semiparametric estimation procedure on simulated data.
Additive value of pre-operative and one-month post-operative lymphocyte count for death-risk stratification in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer: a multicentric study (2016)

Pre and post-operative lymphopenia are independent prognostic factors for OS and they have an additive value regarding conventional prognostic factors for death-risk stratification and to predict long-term survival. Lymphopenia should be included as stratification factors in future clinical trial assessing overall survival in pancreatic cancer patients.
Significance of Perioperative Tests to Diagnose the Infection in Revision Total Shoulder Arthroplasty. (2018)

All of the perioperative tests had a high specificity and negative predictive value, but low sensitivity and positive predictive value.
Cross-protein transfer learning substantially improves disease variant prediction (2022)

Abstract Genetic variation in the human genome is a major determinant of individual disease risk, but the vast majority of missense variants have unknown etiological effects. Here, we present a robust learning framework for leveraging saturation mutagenesis experiments to construct accurate computational predictors of proteome-wide missense variant pathogenicity. We train cross-protein transfer (CPT) models using deep mutational scanning data from only five proteins and achieve state-of-the-art performance on clinical variant interpretation for unseen proteins across the human proteome. High sensitivity is crucial for clinical applications and our model CPT-1 particularly excels in this regime. For instance, at 95% sensitivity of detecting human disease variants annotated in ClinVar, CPT-1 improves specificity to 68%, from 27% for ESM-1v and 55% for EVE. Furthermore, for genes not used to train REVEL, a supervised method widely used by clinicians, we show that CPT-1 compares favorably with REVEL. Our framework combines predictive features derived from general protein sequence models, vertebrate sequence alignments, and AlphaFold2 structures, and it is adaptable to the future inclusion of other sources of information. We find that vertebrate alignments, albeit rather shallow with only 100 genomes, provide a strong signal for variant pathogenicity prediction that is complementary to recent deep learning-based models trained on massive amounts of protein sequence data. We release predictions for all possible missense variants in 90% of human genes. Our results demonstrate the utility of mutational scanning data for learning properties of variants that transfer to unseen proteins.
ChemInform Abstract: A Biomimetic Synthesis of the Pauciflorine A and B Skeleton (II). (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Empirical Functional Representation, Extrapolation, and Internal Consistency of Second Virial Coefficients (2010)

In this work, we present a simple pseudolinear function to extrapolate second virial coefficients to high temperatures or to correlate them using a Boyle temperature function. Accurate values of the Boyle temperature also result from this function if they are not available from measurement. With the new function, only two experimental points are necessary to predict the second virial coefficient within experimental error over a wide range of temperatures. The new approach is valid for pure and mixture second virial coefficients, and it provides a means to check the internal consistency among data using the Boyle temperature as a reducing parameter. Also, it allows simple representations of the second virial coefficient from pair potentials. It can be considered a tool to check the correct behavior of equations of state.
Motivation and Formal Foundations of a Comprehensive Modeling Theory for Embedded Systems (2009)

In this document, we present a comprehensive modeling theory for the seamless development of software for embedded systems. We start the document by describing the need for a comprehensive theory to provide a formal and thorough foundation for the software development in different process phases. What exactly a theory should contain, strongly depends on the systems that need to be described. Therefore we characterize the types of systems to be modeled and starting from this we derive a set of requirements that need to be fulfilled by the modeling theory. Based on these requirements, we shortly introduce the core elements of Focus, that is a comprehensive modeling theory for specification of embedded systems. Next, we present how do basic modeling concepts like state machines relate to the core theory.
Ependymoma of the fourth ventricle. (1991)

Ependymoma of the fourth ventricle.M R Prince and F S ChewAudio Available | Share
A Measurement-based Study of the Skype Peer-to-Peer VoIP Performance. (2007)

It has been increasingly popular to build voice-over-IP (VoIP) applications based on peer-to-peer (P2P) networks in the Internet. However, many such VoIP applications free-ride the network bandwidth of Internet Service Providers (ISPs). Thus their success may come at a cost to ISPs, especially those on the edge of the Internet. In this paper, we study the VoIP quality of Skype, a popular P2P-based VoIP application. Specifically, using large-scale end-toend measurements, we first conduct a systematic analysis of Skype supernode network. We then investigate the impacts of the access capacity constraint and the AS policy constraint on the VoIP quality of Skype. We show that even when free-riding is no longer possible for only 20% of supernodes that are located in stub ISPs, the overall VoIP quality of Skype degrades significantly, and a large percentage of VoIP sessions will have unacceptable quality. This result clearly demonstrates the potential danger of building VoIP applications based on P2P networks without taking into account operational models of the Internet. We also study using time diversity in traffic patterns to reduce the impacts of the preceding
Cytotoxic Drimane Sesquiterpenoids Isolated from <i>Perenniporia maackiae</i> (2018)

A chemical investigation of a basidiomycetes fungus, Perenniporia maackiae, led to the discovery of 12 drimane sesquiterpenoids, including seven new constituents (1-7). The elucidation of the structures was performed via interpreting extensive spectroscopic methods, including ECD calculations. Among all isolated compounds, 1, 2, and 6 exhibited cytotoxicity toward six carcinoma cells, including ACHN, HCT-15, MDA-MB-231, NCI-H23, NUGC-3, and PC-3 cells, with half-maximal inhibition of cell proliferation values of 1.2-6.0 μM.
Rhodium Carbene Complexes:  Highly Selective Catalysts for the Hydroformylation of Styrene Derivatives (2000)

Two new carbene−rhodium complexes are reported that are active hydroformylation catalysts, giving very high selectivities for the branched isomer (>95:5) when vinyl arenes are used as substrates. The carbene analogue of Wilkinson's catalyst, [RhIMes(PPh3)2Cl] (IMes = 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-imidazol-2-ylidene), and the related carbonyl complex [RhIMes(PPh3)(CO)Cl] were both prepared, and the latter was fully characterized using spectroscopic and crystallographic means.
Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Management and Enterprise-Wide Information Technology Tools. Final Report (2012)

A final report on an ORNL task to establish a knowledge discovery and management tool to retrieve and recommend information from existing S&T documents for the Office of Naval Research Global.
Pulmonary Production of Soluble ST2 in Heart Failure (2018)

The lungs are a relevant source of sST2 in heart failure. These results may have implications for the progression of disease and the development of therapies targeting the ST2 system in patients with heart failure.
Photobiomodulation Therapy in the Treatment of Salivary Dysfunction (2022)

Photobiomodulation therapy, owing to its photobiological anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects, has been suggested as a non-invasive, safe, and effective approach in treating salivary dysfunctions. Xerostomia or dry mouth and hyposalivation are challenging conditions, and patients suffer oral problems and a poor quality of life. Several studies have demonstrated the potential of photobiomodulation in reducing xerostomia and hyposalivation. However, there is a lack of synthesis of available evidence to establish whether it is an efficient, safe, and cost-effective method. In addition, the challenges include the lack of consensus on the optimal PBM dosage, as well as the variability of the findings in published studies.
Single-feed superconducting circularly polarized microstrip array antenna for direct-to-home receiving system (2000)

Single-feed circularly polarized microstrip patch and patch array antennas for `direct-to-home' receiving system at around 12 GHz are studied by theoretical analysis and experiments. A full-wave microwave circuit simulator (Em), based on the method of moments and capable of handling the microwave surface impedance, has been used in the theoretical analysis of the antennas. Antennas have been fabricated from both normal conductor (gold) and YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) superconductor for comparison. Measured results on resonant frequency (fr), return loss, gain, bandwidth, and axial ratio are presented. The antennas are found to show a very low axial ratio and a moderate bandwidth. In the comparison of gain, the superconducting antennas showed a remarkable improvement over their gold counterparts. The receiving power of a four-element array fabricated from a single-side YBCO thin film on (100) MgO single crystal substrate is found to be 1.8 dB higher than that of a gold array with identical configuration and both measured at 77 K.
A Fully Dynamic Algorithm for Recognizing and Representing Proper Interval Graphs (2001)

In this paper we study the problem of recognizing and representing dynamically changing proper interval graphs. The input to the problem consists of a series of modifications to be performed on a graph, where a modification can be a deletion or an addition of a vertex or an edge. The objective is to maintain a representation of the graph as long as it remains a proper interval graph, and to detect when it ceases to be so. The representation should enable one to efficiently construct a realization of the graph by an inclusion-free family of intervals. This problem has important applications in physical mapping of DNA. We give a near-optimal fully dynamic algorithm for this problem. It operates in O(log n) worst-case time per edge insertion or deletion. We prove a close lower bound of $\Omega(\log n/(\log\log n+\log b))$ amortized time per operation in the cell probe model with word-size b. We also construct optimal incremental and decremental algorithms for the problem, which handle each edge operation in O(1) time. As a byproduct of our algorithm, we solve in O(log n) worst-case time the problem of maintaining connectivity in a dynamically changing proper interval graph.
Multiview Three-Dimensional Echocardiography Image Fusion Using a Passive Measurement Arm (2018)

Three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography offers a fast and efficient way to scan and assess the structures and function of the heart. However, due to limitations inherent to 3D echocardiography such as limited field-of-view and low signal-to-noise ratio, 3D assessment of the heart is performed only in a minority of patients who undergo transthoracic echocardiography. One approach for improving the field-of-view and image quality is to scan the heart from multiple locations by moving the transducer and fusing the resulting images into a single volume, which requires 3D alignment of individual volumetric echocardiography scans. Previous approaches relied on optical or electromagnetic trackers for transducer tracking. This study proposes a passive measurement arm system for tracking the position of the ultrasound transducer and thereby aligning multiple echocardiography scans. The proposed system does not suffer from line-of-sight limitation as in the case of an optical tracking based fusion system. Additionally, in contrast to an electromagnetic based tracking system, measurement arm measurements are not affected by other ferromagnetic materials in the vicinity. The proposed approach was tested by scanning a heart phantom and fusing nine echocardiography volumes acquired from different locations. The fusion of all nine scans yielded a percentage field-of-view improvement of 98.5%.
Lymph node tissue kallikrein-related peptidase 6 mRNA: a progression marker for colorectal cancer (2012)

In CRC patients, lymph node KLK6 positivity indicated presence of aggressive tumour cells associated with poor prognosis and high risk of tumour recurrence.