gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reducing the complexity of the transforming Epstein-Barr virus genome to 64 kilobase pairs (1995)

Transformation-competent, replication-defective Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) recombinants which are deleted for 18 kbp of DNA encoding the largest EBNA intron and for 58 kbp of DNA between the EBNA1 and LMP1 genes were constructed. These recombinants were made by transfecting three overlapping cosmid-cloned EBV DNA fragments into cells infected with a lytic replication-competent but transformation-defective EBV (P3HR-1 strain) and were identified by clonal transformation of primary B lymphocytes into lymphoblastoid cell lines. One-third of the lymphoblastoid cell lines were infected with recombinants which had both deletions and carried the EBNA2 and EBNA3 genes from the transfected EBV DNA and therefore are composed mostly or entirely from the transfected EBV DNA fragments. The deleted DNA is absent from cells infected with most of these recombinants, as demonstrated by Southern blot and sensitive PCR analyses for eight different sites within the deleted regions. Cell growth and EBNA, LMP, and BZLF1 gene expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines infected with these recombinants are similar to those in cells infected with wild-type EBV recombinants. Together with previous data, these experiments reduce the complexity of the EBV DNA necessary for transformation of primary B lymphocytes to 64 kbp. The approach should be useful for molecular genetic analyses of transforming EBV genes or for the insertion of heterologous fragments into transforming EBV genomes.
Isotropic Fading Vector Broadcast Channels: The Scalar Upper Bound and Loss in Degrees of Freedom (2005)

We propose a scalar upper bound on the capacity region of the isotropic fading vector broadcast channel in terms of the capacity region of a scalar fading broadcast channel. The scalar upper bound is applicable to the broad class of isotropic fading broadcast channels regardless of the distribution of the users' channel magnitudes, the distribution of the additive noise experienced by each user, or the amount of channel knowledge available at the receiver. Using this upper bound, we prove the optimality of the Alamouti scheme in a broadcast setting, extend the recent results on the capacity of nondegraded, fading scalar broadcast channels to nondegraded fading vector broadcast channels, and determine the capacity region of a fading vector Gaussian broadcast channel with channel magnitude feedback. We also provide an example of a Rayleigh-fading broadcast channel with no channel state information available to the receiver (CSIR), where the bound on the capacity region obtained by a naive application of the scalar upper bound is provably loose, because it fails to account for the additional loss in degrees of freedom due to lack of channel knowledge at the receiver. A tighter upper bound is obtained by separately accounting for the loss in degrees of freedom due to lack of CSIR before applying the scalar upper bound.
The peak surface pressure in fin-generated shock-wave boundary-layer interactions (1990)

Recent experimental evidence has shown that for separated swept shock turbulent boundary‐layer interactions, the freestream inviscid shock is bifurcated into a lambda‐foot structure. The fluid through this foot impinges the surface as an energetic, supersonic jet that results in overpressures. This overpressure can be understood using inviscid theory.
Detection of Demagnetization Faults in Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors by Means of the Zero-Sequence Voltage Component (2011)

This paper develops and analyzes an online methodology to detect demagnetization faults in surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors. The proposed methodology, which takes into account the effect of the inverter that feeds the machine, is based on monitoring the zero-sequence voltage component of the stator phase voltages. The theoretical basis of the proposed method has been established. Attributes of the method presented here include simplicity, very low computational burden, and high sensibility. Since the proposed method requires access to the neutral point of the stator windings, it is especially useful when dealing with fault tolerant systems. A simple expression of the zero-sequence voltage component is deduced, which is proposed as a fault indicator parameter. Both simulation and experimental results presented in this paper show the potential of the proposed method to provide helpful and reliable data to carry out an online diagnosis of demagnetization failures in the rotor permanent magnets.
[Immunology of beta-adrenergic receptors: a working model of a hormone-mimicking internal image]. (1983)

Two types of antibodies have been prepared against beta-adrenergic receptors: (1) antibodies against receptor, purified from turkey erythrocyte membranes by affinity chromatography on alprenolol sepharose, and (2) antiidiotypic antibodies raised against the anti-alprenolol immunoglobulins. Both types of antibodies specifically bind to cells which possess beta-adrenergic receptor and mimick the biological effect of the catecholamine hormone: they stimulate basal adenylate-cyclase and enhance adenylate-cyclase activation by catecholamines. The antiidiotypic antibodies only compete with (--)-3H-dihydroalprenolol for binding to the beta-adrenergic receptors on purified turkey erythrocyte membranes. The use of these antibodies as tools for the study of the mechanism of the beta-adrenergic receptor-cyclase complex is discussed.
Research Foundation Year in Review 2013 (2014)

It is because of you that we are able
An original approach for the localization of objects in images (1993)

In this article, we present an original approach for the localization of objects in an image. Our approach is neuronal and it includes two steps. In the first step, a rough localization is performed by presenting each pixel with its neighbourhood to a neural net which is able to indicate if this pixel and its neighbourhood are the image of the search object. This first filter is not very discriminant for the position. From its result, we can select areas which might contain an image of the object. In the second step, these areas are presented to another neural net which can determine the exact position of the object in each area. We apply this algorithm to the problem of localizing faces in images. 1 Introduction The detection and localization of faces in an image has many applications in various domains: surveillance, TV audience polling: : : . We propose a new method for this task which ffl does not require any hypothesis on the position of the face in the image, or on its scale, ...
Mecanismes moleculaires impliques dans la plasticite morphologique du systeme nerveux adulte : expression, regulation et fonction de la polysialylation de la ncam et de la phosphorylation de map1b (2000)

AFIN D'ANALYSER LES MECANISMES MOLECULAIRES IMPLIQUES DANS LA PLASTICITE MORPHOLOGIQUE DU SYSTEME NERVEUX (SN) ADULTE, NOUS AVONS ETUDIE LA REGULATION DE DEUX MOLECULES IMPORTANTES POUR LE DEVELOPPEMENT. LA PREMIERE PARTIE PORTE SUR LA REGULATION DE LA POLYSIALYLATION DE LA MOLECULE D'ADHERENCE NCAM DANS LE SYSTEME HYPOTHALAMO-NEUROHYPOPHYSAIRE (SHN), AU COURS DE L'ALLAITEMENT, LORSQUE LES INTERACTIONS CELLULAIRES ET LES CONTACTS SYNAPTIQUES SONT AUGMENTES. L'EXPRESSION DE LA NCAM POLYSIALYLEE DIMINUE CHEZ LES FEMELLES ALLAITANTES, EN ASSOCIATION AVEC 1) UNE BAISSE DE L'ACTIVITE DES POLYSIALYLTRANSFERASES ; 2) UNE DIMINUTION DE L'EXPRESSION DES MESSAGERS CODANT POUR LES DEUX POLYSIALYLTRANSFERASES (STX ET PST) CONNUES POUR ADDITIONNER LE PSA A LA NCAM, SUGGERANT UNE COOPERATION DE CES DEUX ENZYMES IN VIVO. DE PLUS, L'EPISSAGE ALTERNATIF DE L'EXON VASE DE LA NCAM EST EGALEMENT REGULE, BIEN QUE LA QUANTITE TOTALE D'ARNM DE LA NCAM AU COURS DE L'ALLAITEMENT NE CHANGE PAS. CETTE REGULATION POST-TRADUCTIONNELLE ET POST-TRANSCRIPTIONNELLE DE LA NCAM SUGGERE UN ROLE IMPORTANT DE CETTE MOLECULE DANS LA REORGANISATION SYNAPTIQUE DU SN ADULTE. LA DEUXIEME PARTIE PORTE SUR UNE PROTEINE DU CYTOSQUELETTE, MAP1B, QUI SOUS SA FORME PHOSPHORYLEE MAP1B-P, EST IMPORTANTE AU COURS DU DEVELOPPEMENT ET LORS DE LA PLASTICITE AXONALE CHEZ L'ADULTE. NOUS AVONS MONTRE SON EXPRESSION, STRICTEMENT AXONALE, LORS DE 1) LA REORGANISATION SYNAPTIQUE DANS LE SHN ; 2) LES REMANIEMENTS DES AFFERENCES DEPOURVUES DE LEURS CIBLES APRES NEURODEGENERESCENCE ; 3) LE BOURGEONNEMENT DE COLLATERALES DANS LA MOELLE EPINIERE APRES AXOTOMIE PERIPHERIQUE. CES RESULTATS SUGGERENT UN ROLE PRECOCE DE MAP1B-P DANS UNE GRANDE DIVERSITE DE REMANIEMENTS AXONAUX. ENFIN, GRACE A L'UTILISATION DE SOURIS DEPOURVUES DU GENE DE MAP1B, NOUS AVONS MONTRE SON IMPORTANCE LORS DE LA REGENERATION AXONALE IN VITRO.
2E04 Two-dimensional particle method simulation of thrombus formation after Fontan operation : effects of geometry of blood flow channel (2013)

Twodimensional particle method simulation of thrombus
DEVELOPMENTS IN SUPERCONDUCTING INSERTION DEVICES (2011)

A number of superconducting insertion devices are installed and in operation worldwide, including wavelength shifters, superbends, and wigglers. Superconducting undulators, with their shorter periods and more demanding field quality requirements, present additional challenges and are still under development. An overview is given of many of the devices that have been built and installed worldwide. Many light sources have had superconducting undulator projects. The status of these projects is discussed.
MSI2 is required for maintaining activated myelodysplastic syndrome stem cells (2016)

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are driven by complex genetic and epigenetic alterations. The MSI2 RNA-binding protein has been demonstrated to have a role in acute myeloid leukaemia and stem cell function, but its role in MDS is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that elevated MSI2 expression correlates with poor survival in MDS. Conditional deletion of Msi2 in a mouse model of MDS results in a rapid loss of MDS haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and reverses the clinical features of MDS. Inversely, inducible overexpression of MSI2 drives myeloid disease progression. The MDS HSPCs remain dependent on MSI2 expression after disease initiation. Furthermore, MSI2 expression expands and maintains a more activated (G1) MDS HSPC. Gene expression profiling of HSPCs from the MSI2 MDS mice identifies a signature that correlates with poor survival in MDS patients. Overall, we identify a role for MSI2 in MDS representing a therapeutic target in this disease.
The effects of the DRD2 polymorphism on smoking cessation and negative affect: Evidence for a pharmacogenetic effect on mood (2004)

This study evaluated the relationship between smoking cessation treatment outcome and the DRD2 polymorphism. Participants were 134 smokers who took part in a larger clinical trial evaluating the effects of an antidepressant medication (venlafaxine or placebo) plus standard care (brief counseling and nicotine replacement therapy). Venlafaxine is an antidepressant that inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. A1 smokers were expected to quit significantly less often on placebo, although the abstinence rates between A1s and A2s on active drug were not expected to differ (i.e., an interaction between genotype and drug was hypothesized). In addition, antidepressant therapy was expected to have a similar genotype x treatment interaction on negative affect reduction. The results showed that smokers carrying the DRD2 A1 allele (A1/A1/A2) quit significantly less often than the homozygous A2s (OR=1.54, 95% CI=1.01-2.36). No interaction with treatment was observed. A significant pharmacogenetic effect of the drug on negative mood while quitting also was noted. Smokers absent the A1 allele (A2/A2) responded to the drug with a substantial reduction in negative affect, whereas those with the A1 allele showed no significant reduction in negative mood, F(1, 130)=5.95, p=.01. These results are contrary to expectations and suggest that although A1s may have more difficulty quitting, adding venlafaxine does not improve abstinence or mood. However, the results for the A2s provide evidence for a genotype-specific response to a pharmacological intervention, which could have implications for the development of future treatments.
&amp;#x210B;&lt;inf&gt;&amp;#x221E;&lt;/inf&gt;-controller order reduction for active suspension system (2014)

To ensure comfort and safety specifications, active suspensions are largely used in the literature. Unfortunately, the obtained ℋ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> -controllers to steer this kind of complex systems have generally a high order. Due to this drawback, real-time implementation is very challenging. In this paper, a ℋ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> -controller of an active suspension system is designed and then, a frequency weighted reduction method is used to perform an order reduction of the obtained controller. The effectiveness (stability, robustness) of the approach regarding the performance specifications is shown by numerical simulations.
Immune Inflammation Pathways as Therapeutic Targets to Reduce Lethal Prostate Cancer in African American Men (2021)

Despite substantial improvements in cancer survival, not all population groups have benefitted equally from this progress. For prostate cancer, men of African descent in the United States and England continue to have about double the rate of fatal disease compared to other men. Studies suggest that when there is equal access to care, survival disparities are greatly diminished. However, notable differences exist in prostate tumor biology across population groups. Ancestral factors and disparate exposures can lead to altered tumor biology, resulting in a distinct disease etiology by population group. While equal care remains the key target to improve survival, additional efforts should be made to gain comprehensive knowledge of the tumor biology in prostate cancer patients of African descent. Such an approach may identify novel intervention strategies in the era of precision medicine. A growing body of evidence shows that inflammation and the immune response may play a distinct role in prostate cancer disparities. Low-grade chronic inflammation and an inflammatory tumor microenvironment are more prevalent in African American patients and have been associated with adverse outcomes. Thus, differences in activation of immune-inflammatory pathways between African American and European American men with prostate cancer may exist. These differences may influence the response to immune therapy which is consistent with recent observations. This review will discuss mechanisms by which inflammation may contribute to the disparate outcomes experienced by African American men with prostate cancer and how these immunogenic and inflammatory vulnerabilities could be exploited to improve their survival.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-4 from Immune Rejection of Mouse Tumors Expressing Mutated Self (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-4 from Immune Rejection of Mouse Tumors Expressing Mutated Self
K-bZIP of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus/Human Herpesvirus 8 (KSHV/HHV-8) Binds KSHV/HHV-8 Rta and Represses Rta-Mediated Transactivation (2003)

The regulatory circuit for Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 (KSHV/HHV-8) gene expression bears resemblance to that of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), but with interesting differences. Based on protein sequence similarities and synteny to their EBV counterparts, two KSHV/HHV-8 viral regulatory factors, HHV-8 Rta and K-bZIP, encoded by open reading frame (ORF) 50 and ORF K8, respectively, have been identified. Rta is an immediate early transcriptional activator that activates lytic viral replication and mediates viral reactivation from latency, while ORF K8 is an early gene activated by Rta. Extensive splicing of ORF K8 mRNA leads to the production of K-bZIP, a protein of the basic domain-leucine zipper (bZIP) family. The role of K-bZIP in viral replication, however, remains unresolved. Here, we report that K-bZIP is a nuclear protein that binds Rta directly both in vivo and in vitro and represses Rta-mediated transactivation of the K-bZIP promoter. We further demonstrate that the leucine zipper domain of K-bZIP is required for Rta binding and a K-bZIP mutant lacking the leucine zipper does not repress Rta activity. Finally, the K-bZIP-mediated repression of Rta transactivation cannot be restored by overexpression of the transcriptional coactivator p300 or the p300-CBP-associated factor, P/CAF. Our results suggest that K-bZIP is involved in a feedback circuit to turn off its own expression and possibly the expression of other early genes activated by Rta.
ChemInform Abstract: Trifluoromethylthiolation of Aromatic Substrates Using Thiophosgene—Fluoride Salt Reagents, and Formation of By‐Products with Multi‐Carbon Chains. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Validation of the Aktiia blood pressure cuff for clinical use according to the ANSI/AAMI/ISO 81060-2:2013 protocol (2023)

Aktiia initialization cuff complies with the requirements of the ANSI/AAMI/ISO guidelines and can be safely recommended for BP measurements in the adult population.
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and renal hypothermic preservation injury (2004)

The nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) has been implicated in ischemia-reperfusion injury in many tissues under normothermic conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine whether PARP contributes to mechanisms of the hypothermic ischemia-reperfusion injury that occurs when kidneys are cold stored for transplantation. Cortical tissue slice PARP enzyme activity rose significantly with prolonged cold storage and was dependent on both reperfusion and preservation quality. However, prior exposure to warm ischemia abrogated this increase. PARP protein increased with cold storage but was not dependent on reperfusion. PARP enzyme activity rose quickly after reperfusion in buffer and was not different when whole blood was used. Addition of exogenous hydrogen peroxide (3 mM) to normal renal slices significantly increased PARP activity over 4 h in the cortex but not in the medulla, but the medullary basal PARP synthesis rate was five times higher than that in the cortex. However, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitors catalase (2,000 U/ml), Trolox (200 microM), and DMSO (15 mM) did not reduce reperfusion-induced PARP activity in cold-stored cortical slices. Finally, PARP inhibitors potentiated preservation injury in isolated canine proximal renal tubules. In conclusion, canine renal PARP enzyme activity rises with prolonged cold storage after reperfusion and may play a protective rather than an injurious role in hypothermic preservation for transplantation. ROS are sufficient but not necessary to activate PARP under these conditions.
Cross-layer scheduling with prescribed QoS guarantees in adaptive wireless networks (2005)

Providing guaranteed quality-of-service (QoS) for multimedia applications over wireless fading channels is challenging. To this end, we develop a cross-layer design for multiuser scheduling at the data link layer, with each user employing adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) at the physical layer. By classifying users into: QoS-guaranteed and best-effort users, the proposed scheduler enables prescribed QoS guarantees and efficient bandwidth utilization simultaneously. Furthermore, our cross-layer scheduler enjoys low-complexity implementation and analysis, provides service isolation and scalability, decouples delay from dynamically-scheduled bandwidth, and is backward compatible with existing separate-layer designs. Accuracy of the performance analysis is verified by simulations and pertinent robustness issues are briefly discussed. Numerical examples illustrate the steady-state statistical performance for a single and multiple users, as well as the asymptotic behavior for a large number of users.
COSMOS: Catching Out-of-Context Misinformation with Self-Supervised\n Learning (2021)

Despite the recent attention to DeepFakes, one of the most prevalent ways to\nmislead audiences on social media is the use of unaltered images in a new but\nfalse context. To address these challenges and support fact-checkers, we\npropose a new method that automatically detects out-of-context image and text\npairs. Our key insight is to leverage the grounding of image with text to\ndistinguish out-of-context scenarios that cannot be disambiguated with language\nalone. We propose a self-supervised training strategy where we only need a set\nof captioned images. At train time, our method learns to selectively align\nindividual objects in an image with textual claims, without explicit\nsupervision. At test time, we check if both captions correspond to the same\nobject(s) in the image but are semantically different, which allows us to make\nfairly accurate out-of-context predictions. Our method achieves 85%\nout-of-context detection accuracy. To facilitate benchmarking of this task, we\ncreate a large-scale dataset of 200K images with 450K textual captions from a\nvariety of news websites, blogs, and social media posts. The dataset and source\ncode is publicly available at\nhttps://shivangi-aneja.github.io/projects/cosmos/.\n
Learning Heuristics for Quantified Boolean Formulas through Deep Reinforcement Learning (2018)

We demonstrate how to learn efficient heuristics for automated reasoning algorithms for quantified Boolean formulas through deep reinforcement learning. We focus on a backtracking search algorithm, which can already solve formulas of impressive size - up to hundreds of thousands of variables. The main challenge is to find a representation of these formulas that lends itself to making predictions in a scalable way. For a family of challenging problems, we learned a heuristic that solves significantly more formulas compared to the existing handwritten heuristics.