gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA as a tool for genotoxicity: an assessment (2006)

Novel short-term assays are required to substantiate the battery of assessment methods for evaluating the genotoxicity of candidate drugs. In this study, an attempt has been made to evaluate randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis for its potential to establish genotoxic effect of a known genotoxicant, ie, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) in Swiss mice (Mus musculus). Based on the RAPD profiles, genetic damages were detected in EMS-exposed animals, suggesting its usefulness in scanning whole genome for assessing the genotoxic effects of candidate drugs. The profiles were generated using genomic DNA, isolated from liver prior to treatment and from liver, bone marrow and blood after treatment of the genotoxicant. Measurable differences indicative of genetic damages were observed when the pre- and post-treatment profiles were compared. This suggests that RAPD analysis may be useful for assessing the pre-clinical genotoxic effects of candidate drugs.
Prediction of major complications in patients with solid tumors and apparently stable febrile neutropenia: Validation of the CISNE risk score. (2014)

9620 Background: In order to improve the risk stratification of patients with febrile neutropenia (FN), we previously developed a prognostic score predicting major complications in patients with solid tumors and apparently stable episodes (Br J Cancer. 2011;105[5]:612-7). Methods: On the basis of our previous multivariate analysis, 6 predictors were associated to serious complications [ECOG PS≥2 (2points), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1point), cardiovascular disease (1point), mucositis NCI grade≥2 (1point), monocytes <200 (1point) and stress-induced hyperglycemia (2points)]. We have integrated these factors into a score ranging from 0 to 8, which allows the classification of patients into 3 prognostic classes: low (0points), medium (1-2points) and high risk (≥ 3points). We present here a validation of this score (CISNE) and a comparison with MASCC and Talcott models. Results: From Oct/12 to Dec/13, we prospectively recruited 780 patients with apparently stable FN from 21 hospitals. The rate of infection-related complications and death was 15.6% (95%CI, 12.9%-18.6%) and 1.7% (95%CI, 0.9%-3%), respectively. CISNE classified 26%, 41% and 33% of the patients as low, medium and high risk, respectively. The rate of complications and death within each of these groups was 1.5%, 7.5% and 37.1% (p<0.001), and 0, 0.9% and 4.3%, respectively (p<0.001). The Table summarizes the comparison of the 3 scales to predict serious complications. The AUCs were 0.84 (95%CI, 0.81-0.86) for CISNE; 0.72 (95%CI, 0.68-0.75) for MASCC and 0.57 (95%CI, 0.54-0.61) for Talcott. Conclusions: CISNE is a valid score that classifies apparently stable FN episodes more accurately than MASCC and Talcott. Parameter CISNE (<3 vs ≥3) MASCC (<21 vs ≥21) Talcott (I-III vs IV) Sensitivity % (CI-95%) 77.8% (69.4- 84.8) 35.2% (26.8 - 44.4) 27.8% (20.1-36.7) Specificity % (CI-95%) 75.5% (72-78.7) 87.6% (84.9-90.1) 87.5% (84.7-89.6) PPV % (CI-95%) 37.1% (31.1-43.3) 34.6% (26.3-43.7) 29.1% (21.2 -38.48) NPV % (CI-95%) 94.8% (92.5-96.5) 87.9% (85.2-90.3) 86.7% (83.9-89.2) pLR (CI-95%) 3.18 (2.7-3.75) 2.86 (2.09-3.92) 2.24 (1.58-3.17) nLR (CI-95%) 0.29 (0.21-0.41) 0.74 (0.65-0.84) 0.82 (0.74-0.92)
β<sub>2</sub>-Integrin Blockade Driven by E-Selectin Promoter Prevents Neutrophil Sequestration and Lung Injury in Mice (2000)

Interaction of CD11/CD18 beta(2) integrins on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) with their counterreceptor, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, on the surface of vascular endothelial cells is a critical event mediating stable PMN adhesion and migration across the pulmonary vascular endothelial barrier. Neutrophil inhibitory factor (NIF), a 41-kDa glycoprotein isolated from the canine hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum), binds to the I domain of CD11a and CD11b and inhibits beta(2) integrin-dependent PMN adhesion. We describe a novel strategy using the endothelial cell-specific E-selectin promoter to induce NIF expression in an inflammation-specific manner in pulmonary vascular endothelial cells. A construct containing NIF cDNA driven by the inducible endothelial cell-specific E-selectin promoter (pESNIF) was transfected into human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs). Lipopolysaccharide challenge (known to activate E-selectin) resulted in NIF mRNA and protein expression in transfected HPAECs. NIF expression induced by the E-selectin promoter prevented PMN adhesion to the activated HPAECs, whereas PMNs adhered avidly to activated HPAECs in the absence of NIF expression. To address the utility of this approach in conditionally preventing in vivo PMN sequestration, we injected mice intravenously with cationic liposomes containing the pESNIF construct. Analysis of lung tissue showed that intraperitoneal challenge of Escherichia coli resulted in NIF expression. Inflammation-specific NIF expression induced by the E-selectin promoter prevented lung PMN sequestration and vascular injury induced by E coli challenge. These studies suggest the feasibility of conditionally blocking beta(2) integrin function at sites where the endothelium is activated and thereby of locally preventing PMN activation and migration responses that lead to tissue inflammation.
Structural and electrical properties of GaAs/InSb core-shell nanowires (2016)

We present results about the growth, structural and strain relaxation properties and room temperature electrical transport of GaAs/InSb core-shell nanowires grown self-catalyzed by molecular beam epitaxy on Si (111) substrates. Due to the high lattice mismatch of about 14%, the growth of the shell proceeds from an island-based nucleation to a closed and rather smooth layer. High resolution transmission electron microscopy in combination with geometric phase analyses are used to identify different types of dislocations responsible for the strain relaxation on zinc blende and wurtzite core-shell nanowire segments. While on the wurtzite phase only Frank partial dislocations with b <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">WZ,FP</inf> = c/2[0001] are found, the strain on the zinc blende phase is relaxed by perfect and Schokley and Frank partial dislocations with b <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ZB,p</inf> = a/2〈110〉, b <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ZB,SP</inf> = a/6〈112〉 and b <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ZB,FP</inf> = a/3〈111〉, respectively. Electrical transfer characteristics of the core-shell nanowires show an ambipolar behavior whose strength depends strongly on the dimensions of the nanowires.
Bladder Cancer Detection Using FISH (UroVysion Assay) (2008)

UroVysion is a fluorescence in situ hybridization assay that was developed for the detection of bladder cancer in urine specimens. It consists of fluorescently labeled DNA probes to the pericentromeric regions of chromosomes 3 (red), 7 (green), and 17 (aqua) and to the 9p21 band (gold) location of the P16 tumor suppressor gene. The UroVysion assay works by detecting urinary cells that have chromosomal abnormalities consistent with a diagnosis of bladder cancer. Studies have shown that UroVysion is more sensitive than urine cytology for the detection of all stages and grades of bladder cancer. UroVysion is Food and Drug Administration-approved for the detection of recurrent bladder cancer in voided urine specimens from patients with a history of bladder cancer and for the detection of bladder cancer in voided urine specimens from patients with gross or microscopic hematuria, but no previous history of bladder cancer. Recent studies also suggest that UroVysion may be useful for assessing superficial bladder cancer patients' response to bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy and in detecting upper tract urothelial carcinoma.
Variability of Terahertz Transmission Measured in Live Plant Leaves (2017)

Terahertz (THz) transmission was measured in the live leaves of seven species of common food plants. Multiple leaves of each plant were examined, and large variability of transmission loss was revealed. The results have implications for THz applications for agricultural sensing and for the design of THz communications links.
Universal Electric‐Field‐Driven Resistive Transition in Narrow‐Gap Mott Insulators (2013)

A striking universality in the electric-field-driven resistive switching is shown in three prototypical narrow-gap Mott systems. This model, based on key theoretical features of the Mott phenomenon, reproduces the general behavior of this resistive switching and demonstrates that it can be associated with a dynamically directed avalanche. This model predicts non-trivial accumulation and relaxation times that are verified experimentally.
Concomitant infections of Plasmodium falciparum and Wuchereria bancroftion the Kenyan coast (2006)

Concerted efforts should be made to integrate the control of malaria and bancroftian filariasis in areas where they co-exist.
Exploring the molecular basis of age-related disease comorbidities using a multi-omics graphical model (2016)

Although association studies have unveiled numerous correlations of biochemical markers with age and age-related diseases, we still lack an understanding of their mutual dependencies. To find molecular pathways that underlie age-related diseases as well as their comorbidities, we integrated aging markers from four different high-throughput omics datasets, namely epigenomics, transcriptomics, glycomics and metabolomics, with a comprehensive set of disease phenotypes from 510 participants of the TwinsUK cohort. We used graphical random forests to assess conditional dependencies between omics markers and phenotypes while eliminating mediated associations. Applying this novel approach for multi-omics data integration yields a model consisting of seven modules that represent distinct aspects of aging. These modules are connected by hubs that potentially trigger comorbidities of age-related diseases. As an example, we identified urate as one of these key players mediating the comorbidity of renal disease with body composition and obesity. Body composition variables are in turn associated with inflammatory IgG markers, mediated by the expression of the hormone oxytocin. Thus, oxytocin potentially contributes to the development of chronic low-grade inflammation, which often accompanies obesity. Our multi-omics graphical model demonstrates the interconnectivity of age-related diseases and highlights molecular markers of the aging process that might drive disease comorbidities.
The structures of EI algebras generated by information attributes (2007)

In this paper, we study the algebra structures of EI algebra generated by some attributes in the information systems. In the framework of Axiomatic Fuzzy Sets (AFS) theory, many fuzzy concepts can be extracted by AFS fuzzy logic compound of the attributes in an information systems and the EI algebra can be established on all these fuzzy concepts. The order and build-up of the EI algebra generated by the attributes have been estimated and described. These results can be applied to discover and represent the knowledge connoted in the information systems.
Liquid Deposition Patterning of Conducting Polymer Ink onto Hard and Soft Flexible Substrates via Dip-Pen Nanolithography (2011)

Ink formulations and protocols that enable the deposition and patterning of a conducting polymer (PEDOT:PSS) in the nanodomain have been developed. Significantly, we demonstrated the ability to pattern onto soft substrates such as silicone gum and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which are materials of interest for low cost, flexible electronics. The deposition process and dimensions of the polymer patterns are found to be critically dependent on a number of parameters, including the pen design, ink properties, time after inking the pen, dwell time of the pen on the surface, and the nature of material substrate. By assessing these different parameters, an improved understanding of the ability to control the dimensions of individual PEDOT:PSS structures down to 600 nm in width and 10-80 nm in height within patterned arrays was obtained. This applicability of DPN for simple and nonreactive liquid deposition patterning of conducting polymers can lead to the fabrication of organic nanoelectronics or biosensors and complement the efforts of existing printing techniques such as inkjet and extrusion printing by scaling down conductive components to submicrometer and nanoscale dimensions.
Amino acid sequence of a peptide containing an essential cysteine residue of Escherichia coli GMP synthetase. (1978)

The amino acid sequence of a 51-residue tryptic peptide of citraconylated [1-14C]carboxamidomethyl-labeled Escherichia coli GMP synthetase was determined by sequenator analyses of the intact peptide and fragments obtained by cleavage of the peptide with cyanogen bromide, trypsin, and Staphylcoccus aureus strain V8 protease. The cysteine residue of this peptide fragment is essential for glutamine-dependent GMP synthesis activity and is implicated in formation of a hypothetical covalent glutamyl-enzyme intermediate. There is essentially cysteine-containing regions of two other glutamine amidotransferases, Pseudomonas putida anthranilate synthetase Component II and chicken liver formylglycinamide ribonucleotide amidotransferase. There is, however, a cluster of amino acids with "antipathy" for helix formation and a "nonessential" cysteine of anthranilate synthetase Component II.
Extracellular Production of Human Tumor Necrosis Factor-<i>α</i>by<i>Escherichia coli</i>Using a Chemically-synthesized Gene (1990)

A DNA fragment of approximately 490 base pairs encoding human TNF was chemically synthesized and expressed within Escherichia coli cells. Furthermore, extracellular production of human TNF and several N-terminal deletion mutants of TNF was attempted using the excretion vector pEAP8. The TNF mutant with two N-terminal amino acids deleted (NΔ2-TNF) was efficiently excreted into the culture medium by E. coli carrying the plasmid pEXTNF3. In this clone, the signal peptide was correctly processed during the excretion. The E. coli-excreted NΔ2-TNF had higher antitumor activity than wild-type TNF or NΔ2-TNF produced intracellularly by E. coli.
FINISH-TURNING OF HARDENED POWDER-METALLURGY STEEL USING CRYOGENIC COOLING (2003)

A large fraction of automotive components made of hardened powder-metallurgy steels are subject to finish-turning before final assembly. Because of a characteristically poor machinability and high surface finish requirements, the conventional P/M turning operations usually require the use of flood-cooled polycrystalline CBN tools which leads to high machining costs, P/M component contamination, and negative impact on work environment and safety. This paper examines a new, cost-effective alternative for the P/M finish-turning which involves cryogenic fluid-cooled ceramic tools and eliminates the environmental and safety issues. Presented analysis includes comparative tool-life, cutting force, and surface integrity study for the structural steel sintered to the densities of 6.7 and 7.2 Mg/m 3 and heattreated. Experimental results show that cryogen-cooled ceramic tools live longer than CBN and offer additional work surface improvements. Technical discussion entails economic aspects of finish-turning and areas for future research.
Optimization of self-doping Ag paste firing to achieve high fill factors on screen-printed silicon solar cells with a 100 Ω/sq. emitter (2003)

Self-aligned selective-emitter cells have been fabricated using a self-doping paste by co-firing the front and back contacts. Good ohmic contacts with /spl sim/0.774 fill factor were obtained on 100 /spl Omega//sq. emitters after alloying the self-doping Ag grid by a 900/spl deg/C spike firing in a belt furnace. Screen-printed selective emitter Fz Si cells gave an efficiency of 16.4%. Selective-emitter cells with effective front-surface passivation produced almost 0.4% higher absolute efficiency than the conventional 45 /spl Omega//sq. homogeneous-emitter cell co-fired at 850/spl deg/C. IQE data showed a 23% higher spectral response at 400 /spl mu/m wavelength for the passivated selective-emitter cell over the conventional 40-45 /spl Omega//sq. emitter cell. This is due to lower front-surface recombination velocity and reduced heavy doping effects. Long-wavelength response of the selective-emitter cell was also slightly superior due to the improved back-surface field. As a result, the selective-emitter cell shows a much higher J/sub sc/ and V/sub oc/ than a cofired conventional-emitter cell. Rapid firing of the self-doping paste was found to be more effective than the slow firing process.
Multi-human dialogue understanding for assisting artifact-producing meetings (2004)

In this paper we present the dialogue-understanding components of an architecture for assisting multi-human conversations in artifact-producing meetings: meetings in which tangible products such as project planning charts are created. Novel aspects of our system include multimodal ambiguity resolution, modular ontology-driven artifact manipulation, and a meeting browser for use during and after meetings. We describe the software architecture and demonstrate the system using an example multimodal dialogue.
Single-Doped and Multidoped Transition-Metal (Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) ZnO and Their Electrocatalytic Activities for Oxygen Reduction Reaction (2018)

The electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the limiting half-reaction of fuel cells, which is mediated by using platinum-based catalysts. Hence, the development of low-cost, active ORR catalysts is highly required to make fuel cell technology commercially available. In this report, transition-metal (TM; Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) single-doped and multidoped (MD) ZnO nanocrystals (ZNs) were prepared for use as ORR catalysts using a simple precipitation method. The effects of single doping and multidoping on the structure, morphology, and properties of the TM-doped ZNs were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence, X-ray photoelectron microscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, and Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies. The XRD results reveal that synthesized ZnO samples retained a pure hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure, even at high levels of multidoping (nominal 20%). SEM analyses show that the morphology of the prepared ZNs varies with the doping elements, doping mode, and amounts of doping. The observation of peak shifting and peak intensity changes in Raman studies confirms the presence of dopants in ZnO. The PL investigation reveals that the incorporation of dopants into the ZnO structure increases the oxygen vacancies within the materials. The highest oxygen vacancies were present in Mn-doped ZnO and 15% MD ZnO among the single-doped and MD samples, respectively. Linear-sweep voltammetry studies conclude that doped ZnO shows enhanced ORR activity compared to the undoped samples. The Mn-doped ZnO and 15% MD ZnO exhibited the highest ORR activity among the prepared single-doped and MD ZN samples, respectively. In comparison, single doping showed better ORR activity than the multidoping system. The enhanced ORR activity of the synthesized ZN materials correlates with the amount of oxygen vacancies present in the samples. The enhanced activity of TM-doped ZnO suggests that these materials can be used as potential, low-cost electrocatalysts for ORR in fuel cell technology.
ChemInform Abstract: SUBSTITUENT EFFECT ON THE ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION OF TRITYL ANIONS (1979)

Abstract Die elektrochemische Oxidation wird an verschiedenen Tritylderivaten (I) untersucht.
Applications of Solid-State Fermentation Process in Biological Detoxification of Industrial Wastes (2013)

Solid–state fermentation (SSF) has been a useful technique for utilization of large volumes of agro-industrial biomass in producing value added enzymes and platform chemicals. Herein, the microorganisms are grown on complex biomass as substrate. They draw the nutrients from biomass and in turn generate the useful metabolites and enzymes. In recent past SSF has been observed to be a versatile technique for simultaneous detoxification of ‘toxins or antinutrients’ present in the biomass. SSF based detoxification of agro-industrial wastes has been established in case of; phorbol esters (in jatropha seed cake), ricin (in castor bean cake), caffeine (in coffee husk), gossypol (in cotton seed meal) and glucosinolates (in rapeseed meal) etc. Furthermore, some notable examples have emerged on xenobiotics and dye degradation through this approach. Present review looks at these detoxification studies and their mechanistic aspects, potential applications and further challenges in the area. Keywords: Agro-industrial waste, biodetoxification, bioremediation, dye degradation, plant toxins, solid-state fermentation, jatropha seed cake.
Prospective MR image alignment between breath-holds: Application to renal BOLD MRI (2016)

KALIBRI improves the quality of two-dimensional time-resolved renal BOLD MRI by aligning local renal anatomy, which allows for consistent R2* measurements over many breath-holds. Magn Reson Med 77:1573-1582, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
F17 The use of an accelerometer to evaluate the performance of timed up and go test in pre-symptomatic and symptomatic huntington's disease (2010)

<h3>Background</h3> The timed Up and Go (TUG) test is a widely used measure of mobility and risk of falls in older adults and in Huntington9s disease (HD).1 The single outcome of the test is its duration. Therefore, the test does not capture subtle differences in the test performance and seems not to be sensitive in detecting deficits at early stage HD.2 <h3>Aim</h3> This study aimed to quantify measures of the TUG performance in symptomatic and pre-symptomatic HD using an accelerometer and examine the responsiveness of these measures. <h3>Methods</h3> 5 pre-symptomatic (PHD), 10 symptomatic (SHD), and 6 healthy controls (HC) (age (mean±SD) 41±10; 57±10; 48±17 years respectively) participated in the study. Participants wore an accelerometer attached to the sternum whilst performing the TUG. Total TUG duration and Sit to stand and Stand to sit durations were extracted from the sensor. Measures of range and slope for sit to stand and stand to sit were also calculated3. Differences between groups were examined using One way ANOVA. When significant differences were identified post-hoc analyses were conducted using Tukeys test. <h3>Results</h3> TUG duration showed no significant differences between the groups (P=0.1). However, all other measures were significantly (P&lt;0.01) worse in SHD when compared with PHD and HC. Additionally, sit to stand and stand to sit slopes were significantly worse in PHD when compared with HC (P&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusion</h3> In contrast with the TUG duration, the accelerometer derived measures of Sit to stand transitions in the TUG test were responsive to group differences in HD. The accelerometer therefore, can be used to produce objective measures of disease specific features that could not be quantified using simple visual analysis. The slope measures were able to detect changes in PHD and therefore have potential for use in monitoring the disease progression and response in therapeutic trials.