gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microbial Diversity and Host-Specific Sequences of Canada Goose Feces (2009)

Methods to assess the impact of goose fecal contamination are needed as the result of the increasing number of Canada geese (Branta canadensis) near North American inland waters. However, there is little information on goose fecal microbial communities, and such data are important for the development of host-specific source-tracking methods. To address this issue, 16S rRNA gene clone libraries for Canada goose fecal samples from Ontario, Canada, and Ohio were analyzed. Analyses of fecal clones from Ontario (447) and Ohio (302) showed that goose fecal communities are dominated by the classes "Clostridia" (represented by 33.7% of clones) and "Bacilli" (38.1% of clones) and the phylum "Bacteroidetes" (10.1% of clones). Sequences not previously found in other avian fecal communities were used to develop host-specific assays. Fecal DNA extracts from sewage plants (10 samples) and different species of birds (11 samples) and mammals (18 samples) were used to test for host specificity. Of all the assays tested, one assay showed specificity for Canada goose fecal DNA. The PCR assay was positive for Canada goose fecal DNA extracts collected from three locations in North America (Ohio, Oregon, and Ontario, Canada). Additionally, of 48 DNA extracts from Lake Ontario waters presumed to be impacted by waterfowl feces, 19 tested positive by the assay, although 10 were positive only after a nested PCR approach was used. Due to the level of host specificity and the presence of signals in environmental waters, the assay is proposed as a part of the toolbox to detect Canada goose contamination in waterfowl-contaminated waters.
Demonstration of 2D NMR Spectroscopy in a Powered Magnet at 25 T Using Cascade Field Regulation (2019)

This work describes the development and verification of a cascade feedback regulation system to reduce temporal field fluctuations to allow nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy experiments in powered magnets. Powered magnets provide higher magnetic fields than persistent mode superconducting magnets, but require an external power source to achieve high fields. High magnetic field strengths provide improved sensitivity and spectral resolution for NMR spectroscopy. Unfortunately, powered magnets suffer from temporal magnetic field fluctuations due to the power supply ripple and variations in cooling water temperature and flow rate. Powered magnets also suffer from spatial inhomogeneity. The combination of field fluctuations and spatial inhomogeneity make powered magnets infeasible for NMR spectroscopy. In particular, two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy experiments which resolve off-diagonal cross peaks requires the spatial homogeneity and time-invariant field strength afforded by persistent mode magnets. Previous work has shown that feedback regulation using an inductive sensor can dramatically reduce the effect of temporal fluctuations on the magnetic field, and a combination of ferroshims and sample spinning can be used to improve spatial homogeneity. This work presents a cascade feedback regulation system that utilizes both inductive and NMR measurements. To verify the field regulation algorithm, we demonstrate a well-known two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy experiment in which cross peaks are resolved in a 16.3 MW powered magnet that provides a 25 T field. To our knowledge, this is the first 2D NMR spectroscopy results reported for a powered magnet where cross peaks are resolved.
Quantitative Analysis of the Detection Limits for Heavy-Metal-Contaminated Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy. (1997)

Abstract : Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a rapid remote measurement method for detection of metals in the environment. A major factor in the quantitative use of this technique involves the minimum detection limits under laboratory and field operations. Nd:YAG laser pulses (125 mJ, lambda = 1.06 micrometers) are focused on sample surfaces to produce laser sparks (plasmas). Plasma emissions are recorded after interference from broadband emissions is reduced. Results are reported on the lower detection limits of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb and Zn in sand, silt, clay and kaolin. Detection limits are significantly lower in sand than silt and clay. An excimer laser (125 mJ, lambda = 248 nm) was used for comparative LIBS analysis of lead (Pb) in silt. No significant difference was found in the lower detection limits using excimer and Nd:YAG lasers. The LIBS method must provide accurate data when used in a cone penetrometer. Conditions encountered by a cone penetrometer-based LIBS system have been simulated by compressing soil samples and then allowing them to relax for specific intervals before LIBS analysis. Results are presented of the dependence of LIBS measurements on the relaxation time after soil sample compression. This data is important for a firm understanding of detection limits for field-deployable LIBS systems.
Efficacy of Bioindexing for Graft-Transmissible Citrus Pathogens in Mixed Infections (2004)

Biological indexing for graft-transmissible pathogens of citrus in the presence of additional pathogens was investigated. The probability for symptom expression, the efficacy of the bio-indexing tests, and the number of citrus indicators required for pathogen detection were statistically evaluated. Multiple infections did not preclude symptom expression or reduce the diagnostic efficacy of the primary indexing hosts for Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), Citrus psorosis virus (CPsV), and Citrus tatter leaf virus (Apple stem grooving virus). Symptoms of Citrus vein enation virus (CVEV) and the diagnostic efficacy of Mexican lime were suppressed by the T30 group CTV isolates, but not by other CTV isolates tested. CPsV suppressed symptom expression and diagnostic efficiency of Dweet tangor and sweet orange for concave gum. The application of alternate bioassay hosts for indexing was also investigated. Dweet tangor, sweet orange, and Citrus excelsa are not typically used for bioindexing of CVEV, however, Dweet tangor and C. excelsa detected CVEV in single infections, whereas in sweet orange, CVEV was detected only when CPsV, concave gum, or citrus viroids were present. CTV was readily detected using the alternative indicator C. excelsa, whereas only shock reacting CPsV isolates were effectively indexed by Mexican lime.
Role of serotonin in thromboxane A<sub>2</sub>-induced coronary chemoreflex (2003)

We reported previously that the thromboxane A(2) (TxA(2)) mimetic U-46619 stimulates cardiac vagal afferent nerves, eliciting a reflex decrease in heart rate (HR) and arterial blood pressure (ABP). The present experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that TxA(2) evokes these changes via the release of serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] and activation of the 5-HT(3) receptor. Injections of the 5-HT(3) antagonist tropisetron (1 mg of 3-tropanyl-indole-3-carboxylate or ICS-205-930) attenuated the decreases in HR and ABP induced by left atrial injections of U-46619 (20 microg). Tropisetron administration also eliminated the U-46619-induced increase in impulse frequency in a majority of cardiac, vagal afferent units tested. Measurement of serum 5-HT levels revealed an elevation in serum 5-HT levels after U-46619 injection in those rabbits that displayed a significant HR change following injection of U-46619. These results indicate that although other factors may also contribute to these reflex responses, the release of 5-HT and stimulation of the 5-HT(3) receptor plays a significant role in coronary reflexes induced by TxA(2).
Supplementary Figure S3 from A Serum MicroRNA Signature Predicts Tumor Relapse and Survival in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S3. MicroRNA levels in healthy and malignant breast tissue&lt;/p&gt;
Interaction of anions with iron-transferrin-chelate complexes. (1977)

Preliminary evidence suggested that phosphate or borote destabilize iron-ovotransferrin-nitrilotriacetate complexes in the absence of added bicarbonate. The iron-ovotransferrin-EDTA complex was prepared in the absence of bicarbonate, and a number of anions, including phosphate, sulfate, and citrate, were found to perturb the visible absorbance (lambdamax = 490 nm) of this complex. Other anions, such as chloride, nitrate, and perchlorate, had little or no effect on the spectrum. Also, when bicarbonate was added to a solution of the iron-transferrin-EDTA complex (A515 = 0.45), within 2 min, the visible absorbance had decreased to A515 = 0.13. Slowly a new peak appeared (lambdamax = 470 nm), evidently the iron-transferrin-CO3 complex. When these spectral changes were monitored in detail, the lack of an isosbestic point indicated the existence of one or more intermediates in the conversion of iron-transferrin-EDTA complex to the iron-transferrin-CO3 complex. Experiments using ternary complexes containing either 59Fe or [14C]EDTA show that both iron and EDTA nearly completely dissociate from the protein (most likely concomitantly within 2 min after bicarbonate is added. These observations are best explained by a paradigm which includes anion binding to the apoprotein. It is clear that there is an intimate relationship between anions and the binding of iron chelates by transferrin.
Design, synthesis and characterization of captopril prodrugs for enhanced percutaneous absorption (2006)

Most drugs are designed primarily for oral administration, but the activity and stability profiles desirable for this route often make them unsuitable for transdermal delivery. We were therefore interested in designing analogues of captopril, a model drug with poor percutaneous penetration, for which the sustained steady-state blood plasma level associated with transdermal delivery (and which is unattainable orally) would be particularly beneficial. Quantitative structure-permeability relationships (QSPRs) predicted that ester and thiol prodrug derivatives of captopril would have lower maximal transdermal flux (J(m)) than the parent drug, since the increases in permeability coefficient (k(p)) of prodrugs would be outweighed by the reductions in aqueous solubility. Therefore, the aim of this study was to synthesize a series of prodrugs of captopril and to determine if a QSPR model could be used to design therapeutically viable prodrugs. Molecules with the highest predicted k(p) values were synthesized and characterized, and J(m) measured in Franz diffusion cells from saturated aqueous donor across porcine skin (fresh and frozen). In-vitro metabolism was also measured. Captopril and the prodrugs crossed the skin relatively freely, with J(m) being highest for ethyl to butyl esters. Substantial first-order metabolism of the prodrugs was observed, suggesting that their enhanced percutaneous absorption was complemented by their metabolic performance. The results suggested that QSPR models provided excellent enhancements in drug delivery. This was not seen at higher lipophilicities, suggesting that issues of solubility need to be considered in conjunction with any such use of a QSPR model.
Evaluation of diagonal impedance elements in TE polarization for two-dimensional field computations (2003)

Two formulas for moment method solutions to the electric-field integral equation of the TE polarization are developed to provide efficient and accurate field computations of two-dimensional problems. The new method has been extensively tested. A computer code, TDRS (Two-Dimensional Radiation and Scattering), has been developed for four geometries: a strip, a circular cylinder, a rectangular cylinder and an elliptical cylinder.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Sac3 Homologue shd1 Is Involved in Mitotic Progression in Mammalian Cells (2004)

Saccharomyces Sac3 required for actin assembly was shown to be involved in DNA replication. Here, we studied the function of a mammalian homologue SHD1 in cell cycle progression. SHD1 is localized on centrosomes at interphase and at spindle poles and mitotic spindles, similar to alpha-tubulin, at M phase. RNA interference suppression of endogenous shd1 caused defects in centrosome duplication and spindle formation displaying cells with a single apparent centrosome and down-regulated Mad2 expression, generating increased micronuclei. Conversely, increased expression of SHD1 by DNA transfection with shd1-green fluorescent protein (gfp) vector for a fusion protein of SHD1 and GFP caused abnormalities in centrosome duplication displaying cells with multiple centrosomes and deregulated spindle assembly with up-regulated Mad2 expression until anaphase, generating polyploidy cells. These results demonstrated that shd1 is involved in cell cycle progression, in particular centrosome duplication and a spindle assembly checkpoint function.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitrefazole, a 4‐Nitroimidazole Derivative with a Strong Inhibitory Effect on Aldehyde Dehydrogenase. (1986)

Abstract Nitrefazol (III) (ein Aldehyddehydrogenasehemmer) wird durch Arylierung des Nitroimidazols (I) hergestellt.
High-current adaptive impedance matching in narrowband power-line communication systems (2011)

This paper proposes a high current impedance matching method for narrowband power-line communication (NPLC) systems. The impedance of the power-line channel is time and location variant; therefore, coupling circuitry and the channel are not usually matched. This not only results in poor signal integrity at the receiving end, but also leads to a higher transmission power requirement to secure the communication process. To offset this negative effect, a high-current adaptive impedance circuit to enable impedance matching in power-line networks is reported. The approach taken is to match the channel impedance of N-PLC systems is based on the General Impedance Converter (GIC). In order to achieve high current a special coupler in which the inductive impedance can be altered by adjusting a microcontroller controlled digital resistor is demonstrated. It is shown that the coupler works well with heavy load current in power line networks. It works in both low and high transmitting current modes, a current as high as 760 mA has been obtained. Besides, compared with other adaptive impedance couplers, the advantages include higher matching resolution and a simple control interface. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the operation of the coupler.
Context-Aware Dynamic Asset Allocation for Maritime Interdiction Operations (2017)

This paper validates two approximate dynamic programming approaches on a maritime interdiction problem involving the allocation of multiple heterogeneous assets over a large area of responsibility to interdict multiple drug smugglers using heterogeneous types of transportation on the sea with varying contraband weights. The asset allocation is based on a probability of activity surface, which represents spatio-temporal target activity obtained by integrating intelligence data on drug smuggler whereabouts/waypoints for contraband transportation, behavior models, and meteorological and oceanographic information. We validate the proposed architectural and algorithmic concepts via several realistic mission scenarios. We conduct sensitivity analyses to quantify the robustness and proactivity of our approach, as well as to measure the value of information used in the allocation process. The contributions of this paper have been transitioned to and are currently being tested by Joint Interagency Task Force-South, an organization tasked with providing the initial line of defense against drug trafficking in the East Pacific and Caribbean Oceans.
Effect Of Relative Journal Bearing And Honeycomb Seal Direct Stiffness On Radial Synchronous Vibrations Of High-Pressure Centrifugal Compressors (2016)

is currently Engineering Executive Manager for Compressors and Auxiliary Systems with GE Oil & Gas, in Florence, Italy.He is responsible for requisition and standardization activities and for the design of new products for compressors, turboexpanders
Laryngeal cancer involving a branchial cleft cyst (2010)

This is the first report of a laryngeal carcinoma invading a branchial cleft cyst. Staging discrepancies may result from concurrent head and neck lesions, altering treatment plans, or changing the prognosis for the patient. Lesions such as this are nearly impossible to diagnose preoperatively, and a high index of suspicion for advanced cancer should be maintained.
Supplementary Figures 15 from Breast Cancer Stem Cells Are Regulated by Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Cytokine Networks (2023)

Supplementary Figures 15 from Breast Cancer Stem Cells Are Regulated by Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Cytokine Networks
Spatially Indirect Emission in a Luminescent Nanocrystal Molecule (2011)

Recent advances in the synthesis of multicomponent nanocrystals have enabled the design of nanocrystal molecules with unique photophysical behavior and functionality. Here we demonstrate a highly luminescent nanocrystal molecule, the CdSe/CdS core/shell tetrapod, which is designed to have weak vibronic coupling between excited states and thereby violates Kasha's rule via emission from multiple excited levels. Using single particle photoluminescence spectroscopy, we show that in addition to the expected LUMO to HOMO radiative transition, a higher energy transition is allowed via spatially indirect recombination. The oscillator strength of this transition can be experimentally controlled, enabling control over carrier behavior and localization at the nanoscale.
Subsequent Surgery After Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Rates and Risk Factors From a Multicenter Cohort (2017)

There was a significant reoperation rate after revision ACLR at 2 years (11%), with meniscal procedures most commonly involved. Independent risk factors for subsequent surgery on the ipsilateral knee included age <20 years and the use of allograft tissue at the time of revision ACLR.
Research Guides: Chemistry: RSC Gold4Gold (2009)

Selected resources including journals, databases, ebooks, reference works, etc., for research in chemistry, including: analytical, organic, inorganic, biological, and physical chemistry.
DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS FOR A NEXT GENERATION SIDE COLLISION WARNING SYSTEM (2002)

This paper reviews the development and testing of performance specifications for next generation side collision warning systems. The project performed the following tasks: itemize available crash data; establish functional goals; assess existing systems; develop preliminary performance specifications; investigate state of the art of technology; select test systems; construct/acquire collision avoidance systems; conduct testing to validate performance specifications; and finalize performance specifications.
Indium‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerizations of Cyclopropene‐3,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds: Efficient Access to Benzo‐Fused Heteroaromatics and Heterobiaryls (2012)

Rapid access: The title reaction generates highly functionalized benzo-annulated heterocycles and heterobiaryls. This method is amenable to a diverse array of heteroaromatics, thus allowing rapid access to benzothiophenes, benzofurans, indoles, indolizines, and pyrido[1,2-a]indoles (see scheme; Tf=trifluoromethanesulfonyl). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Optimal energy threshold arrangement in photon-counting spectral x-ray imaging (2006)

We study the influence of the locations of energy thresholds on the basis image noise in spectral X-ray imaging using photon counting devices. Our simulations assume photon counting detectors equipped with up to four discriminator units allowing the binning of photons into up to four distinct energy windows. We use the binned counting data in order to compute the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRB) for the basis image noise in a photo-effect -Compton-effect decomposition of the attenuation. By studying the variations of the CRB with respect to the threshold energies, we obtain optimized arrangements for each number of energy thresholds and for different values of external copper filtration. We compare the basis image noise for the optimal arrangement with the noise corresponding to an equidistant threshold arrangement and with the results of a tube dual-energy acquisition. Our simulations were performed on two different X-ray paths corresponding to two perpendicular directions through the human thorax. Our results show that in many cases the basis image noise can be strongly reduced by optimizing the locations of the threshold energies.
Constantine I (Flavius Valerius Constantinus Augustus) (2012)

Abstract Constantine “the Great,” son of Constantius I Chlorus and his wife or concubine Helena, was born at Naissus in Moesia, was proclaimed Augustus on July 25, 306 CE at Eboracum (York), and died near Nicomedia on May 22, 337, at an age variously stated as 62 or 66 (his birthday was February 27).
Accuracy and Stability Enhancement of PEEC Models for the Time and Frequency Domain (2006)

In the classical full-wave PEEC model, single delay approximations were used for the partial elements, the partial inductances and the normalized potential coefficients. It was later shown that the resultant system of delay differential equations was unstable for some time domain applications. Recently, several schemes were proposed for the accuracy and stabiity improvements. In this paper, we consider the stability and accuracy enhancement of the PEEC model by improving the evaluation of the partial element based on the subdivision technique which was proposed earlier. This approach allows the proper modeling of the amplitude and phase of the partial element equivalent circuit coefficients. The computational challenge is the efficient and fast computation of the coefficients without loss of accuracy. Results for a scheme with the least possible subdivisions are shown in the frequency domain. The frequency domain behavior can be directly related to the partial element coupling behavior in the time domain which impacts the stability of the system of delay differential equations.
Formation of a Dinuclear Copper(I) Complex from the <i>Clostridium</i>‐Derived Antibiotic Closthioamide (2013)

Ein Chelatbildner aus der sauerstofffreien Welt: Verschiedenste Experimente zeigen, dass Closthioamid, das erste Antibiotikum aus einem streng anaeroben Bakterium (Clostridium), ein selektiver Kupfer(I)-Chelatbildner ist. Die Geometrie des Polythioamid-Komplexes, in dem zwei Kupferionen in einer trigonal-planaren Koordination die Windung einer Helix-artigen Struktur stabilisieren, ist für Naturstoffe beispiellos. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
1,4-CHIRALITY TRANSFER VIA THE [2,3]-WITTIG REARRANGEMENT OF CHIRAL ALLYLIC PROPARGYL ETHER SYSTEM. A NEW, PRACTICAL ENTRY TO CHIRAL PROPARGYLIC ALCOHOLS (1984)

Abstract The [2,3]-Wittig rearrangement of enantiomerically-enriched α-methylallyl propargyl ethers provides a high degree (ca. 90%) of 1,4-chirality transfer, together with 95–98% of (E)-selectivity. The observed sense of 1,4-chirality transfer is discussed on mechanistic grounds.