gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Microwave-Induced Thermoacoustic Imaging System With Non-Contact Ultrasound Detection (2019)

Portable and easy-to-use imaging systems are in high demand for medical, security screening, nondestructive testing, and sensing applications. We present a new microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging system with non-contact, airborne ultrasound (US) detection. In this system, a 2.7 GHz microwave excitation causes differential heating at interfaces with dielectric contrast, and the resulting US signal via the thermoacoustic effect travels out of the sample to the detector in air at a standoff. The 65 dB interface loss due to the impedance mismatch at the air-sample boundary is overcome with high-sensitivity capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers with minimum detectable pressures (MDPs) as low as 278 μ Pa <sub>rms</sub> and we explore two different designs-one operating at a center frequency of 71 kHz and another at a center frequency of 910 kHz. We further demonstrate that the air-sample interface presents a tradeoff with the advantage of improved resolution, as the change in wave velocity at the interface creates a strong focusing effect alongside the attenuation, resulting in axial resolutions more than 10× smaller than that predicted by the traditional speed/bandwidth limit. A piecewise synthetic aperture radar (SAR) algorithm modified for US imaging and enhanced with signal processing techniques is used for image reconstruction, resulting in mm-scale lateral and axial image resolution. Finally, measurements are conducted to verify simulations and demonstrate successful system performance.
396: Radiation Induction of Adam9 Expression Promoted Prostate Cancer Cell Survival: Possible Mechanism and Potential Therapeutic Application (2005)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Sunday, May 22, 2005 1:00 - 5:00 pm1 Apr 2005396: Radiation Induction of Adam9 Expression Promoted Prostate Cancer Cell Survival: Possible Mechanism and Potential Therapeutic Application Cynthia S. Anderson, Shian-Ying Sung, Hiroyuki Kubo, Chia-Ling Hsieh, Peter Johnstone, and Leland W.K. Chung Cynthia S. AndersonCynthia S. Anderson More articles by this author , Shian-Ying SungShian-Ying Sung More articles by this author , Hiroyuki KuboHiroyuki Kubo More articles by this author , Chia-Ling HsiehChia-Ling Hsieh More articles by this author , Peter JohnstonePeter Johnstone More articles by this author , and Leland W.K. ChungLeland W.K. Chung More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)34649-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "396: Radiation Induction of Adam9 Expression Promoted Prostate Cancer Cell Survival: Possible Mechanism and Potential Therapeutic Application." The Journal of Urology, 173(4S), p. 108 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 4SApril 2005Page: 108 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Cynthia S. Anderson More articles by this author Shian-Ying Sung More articles by this author Hiroyuki Kubo More articles by this author Chia-Ling Hsieh More articles by this author Peter Johnstone More articles by this author Leland W.K. Chung More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Wafer-level fabrication of arrays of glass lens doublets (2016)

Systems for imaging require to employ high quality optical components in order to dispose of optical aberrations and thus reach sufficient resolution. However, well-known methods to get rid of optical aberrations, such as aspherical profiles or diffractive corrections are not easy to apply to micro-optics. In particular, some of these methods rely on polymers which cannot be associated when such lenses are to be used in integrated devices requiring high temperature process for their further assembly and separation. Among the different approaches, the most common is the lens splitting that consists in dividing the focusing power between two or more optical components. In here, we propose to take advantage of a wafer-level technique, devoted to the generation of glass lenses, which involves thermal reflow in silicon cavities to generate lens doublets. After the convex lens sides are generated, grinding and polishing of both stack sides allow, on the first hand, to form the planar lens backside and, on the other hand, to open the silicon cavity. Nevertheless, silicon frames are then kept and thinned down to form well-controlled and auto-aligned spacers between the lenses. Subsequent accurate vertical assembly of the glass lens arrays is performed by anodic bonding. The latter ensures a high level of alignment both laterally and axially since no additional material is required. Thanks to polishing, the generated lens doublets are then as thin as several hundreds of microns and compatible with micro-opto-electro-systems (MOEMS) technologies since they are only made of glass and silicon. The generated optical module is then robust and provide improved optical performances. Indeed, theoretically, two stacked lenses with similar features and spherical profiles can be almost diffraction limited whereas a single lens characterized by the same numerical aperture than the doublet presents five times higher wavefront error. To demonstrate such assumption, we fabricated glass lens doublets and compared them to single lenses of equivalent focusing power. For similar illumination, the optical aberrations are significantly reduced.
The Second Coming of Proteomics (2010)

Proteomics promised much when it was first conceived in the late 1990s as the protein equivalent of genomics. Initial hype and lack of practicable realism dented early expectations but technology and expertise have surged forward in the last few years to offer a new world of proteomics. Diverse applications have emerged from drug discovery to biosimilars, and from biomarkers to sophisticated protein chemistry.
Radar Altimetry (1999)

Abstract The article reviews ocean‐observing radar altimeters hosted on spacecraft in low‐Earth orbit. These instruments measure sea surface topography on global and mesoscales to a height accuracy of a few centimeters. Flight missions since 1973 to the present are summarized. The conventional pulse‐limited full‐deramp modulation technique is illustrated by the design of the TOPEX altimeter. The advanced delay‐Doppler technique is explained, whose benefits extend to ice‐sheet altimetry (CryoSat), and to improved measurement of oceanic gravity anomalies, hence bathymetry. The article concludes with comments on future directions. Radar Altimeter Satellites Global Dynamic Topography‐Accuracy Theoretical Foundations Deramp on Receive The Topex Design Gravity and Bathymetry‐Precision Delay‐Doppler Future Directions WSOA
A unique approach for bare die testing which utilizes Au-stud-bumping technology and TAB technology (2002)

A unique approach for bare die testing is introduced which utilizes the combination of the Au-stud-bumping technology on a die pad and the TAB technology commonly used for packaging. The proposed technique here bumps Au stud bumps on Al bonding pads on a die using the common wire-bonding technology and makes contact between the Au stud bumps and the Au-plated terminals formed on the TAB film. The Au-to-Au touch can attain the small and stable contact resistance between them. The prototype bare die carrier of this approach has been completed and the result of the first-stage evaluation is described.
Asymmetric Alkylation of Allylic gem-Dicarboxylates (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric Alkylation of Allylic gem-DicarboxylatesBarry M. Trost, Chul Bom Lee, and Jochen M. WeissCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 27, 7247–7248Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00132a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00132a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views764Altmetric-Citations94LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Multifunctional Envelope-Type siRNA Delivery Nanoparticle Platform for Prostate Cancer Therapy (2017)

With the capability of specific silencing of target gene expression, RNA interference (RNAi) technology is emerging as a promising therapeutic modality for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. One key challenge for the clinical applications of RNAi is the safe and effective delivery of RNAi agents such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) to a particular nonliver diseased tissue (e.g., tumor) and cell type with sufficient cytosolic transport. In this work, we proposed a multifunctional envelope-type nanoparticle (NP) platform for prostate cancer (PCa)-specific in vivo siRNA delivery. A library of oligoarginine-functionalized and sharp pH-responsive polymers was synthesized and used for self-assembly with siRNA into NPs with the features of long blood circulation and pH-triggered oligoarginine-mediated endosomal membrane penetration. By further modification with ACUPA, a small molecular ligand specifically recognizing prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) receptor, this envelope-type nanoplatform with multifunctional properties can efficiently target PSMA-expressing PCa cells and silence target gene expression. Systemic delivery of the siRNA NPs can efficiently silence the expression of prohibitin 1 (PHB1), which is upregulated in PCa and other cancers, and significantly inhibit PCa tumor growth. These results suggest that this multifunctional envelope-type nanoplatform could become an effective tool for PCa-specific therapy.
Face‐Fusion of Icosahedral Boron Hydride Increases Affinity to γ‐Cyclodextrin: <i>closo</i>,<i>closo</i>‐[B<sub>21</sub>H<sub>18</sub>]<sup>−</sup> as an Anion with Very Low Free Energy of Dehydration (2020)

The supramolecular recognition of closo,closo-[B<sub>21</sub> H<sub>18</sub> ]<sup>-</sup> by cyclodextrins (CDs) has been studied in aqueous solution by isothermal titration calorimetry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. These solution studies follow up on previous mass-spectrometric measurements and computations, which indicated the formation and stability of CD ⋅ B<sub>21</sub> H<sub>18</sub><sup>-</sup> complexes in the gas phase. The thermodynamic signature of solution-phase binding is exceptional, the association constant for the γ-CD complex with B<sub>21</sub> H<sub>18</sub><sup>-</sup> reaches 1.8×10<sup>6</sup> M<sup>-1</sup> , which is on the same order of magnitude as the so far highest observed value for the complex between γ-CD and a metallacarborane. The nature of the intermolecular interaction is also examined by quantum-mechanical computational protocols. These suggest that the desolvation penalty, which is particularly low for the B<sub>21</sub> H<sub>18</sub><sup>-</sup> anion, is the decisive factor for its high binding strength. The results further suggest that the elliptical macropolyhedral boron hydride is another example of a CD binder, whose extraordinary binding affinity is driven by the chaotropic effect, which describes the intrinsic affinity of large polarizable and weakly solvated chaotropic anions to hydrophobic cavities and surfaces in aqueous solution.
Protein expression profiling of Caco‐2/HT29‐MTX co‐culture after functionalized carbon nanotube exposure (2011)

To assess effects of dispersible, functionalized carbon nanotube (CNT) exposure in an in vitro model simulating the digestive tract, Caco‐2/HT29‐MTX cell protein expression was evaluated using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). Three types of CNT, carboxylated single‐wall carbon nanotubes (cSWNT), carboxylated multi‐wall carbon nanotubes (cMWNT), and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) polymer functionalized multi‐wall carbon nanotubes (pMWNT), were applied to the co‐cultured cells (75% Caco‐2, 25% HT29‐MTX) at 500 pg/mL and 10 μg/mL for 48 hrs. Proteins were extracted from the cells, reduced, alkylated, and digested. Tryptic peptides were analyzed by LC‐MS/MS. The peptides and proteins were identified using SEQUEST and validated by the Trans‐Proteomic Pipeline. Protein quantification was performed using an in‐house software package, IdentiQuantXL TM . 5007 proteins were identified with &gt;90% confidence and 4199 proteins were quantified. Among these, 803 proteins were differentially expressed (P&lt;0.01). Bioinformatic analysis of the results indicates a significant biological effect of CNTs on Caco‐2/HT29‐MTX protein expression, in the absence of overt toxicity, and merit further study. Supported by NIEHS RC2ES018025.
Dipeptides as Leaving Group in the Enzyme‐Catalyzed DNA Synthesis (2012)

Conjugates of 2'-deoxyadenosine monophosphate with dipeptides have been synthesized and tested as substrates for several polymerases. Although the incorporation efficiency is not very high, it demonstrates that some of these dipeptides can be accommodated in the active site of polymerases and function as leaving groups in the enzymatic synthesis of DNA.
Containing a large bioterrorist smallpox attack: a computer simulation approach (2006)

A rapid and well-organized response to a bioterrorist attack would be necessary for effective surveillance and containment to control spread. Preemptive vaccination of hospital workers and reactive vaccination of the target population would further limit spread, but at a cost of many more vaccinated. This cost in resources and potential harm due to vaccination will have to be weighed against the potential benefits should an attack occur. Prevaccination of the general population is not necessary.
Adaptation of a microbial community to demand-oriented biological methanation (2022)

Taken together, the high adaptive potential of microbial communities contributes to the robustness of BM processes during discontinuous H<sub>2</sub>-feeding and supports the commercial use of BM processes for energy storage. Discontinuous feeding strategies could be used to enrich methanogenic Archaea during the establishment of a microbial community for BM. Both findings could contribute to design and improve BM processes from lab to pilot scale.
Chemical and pharmacological evaluations on the extract of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Huang-Qin) prepared by various extraction methods (2016)

MAE-W is a favorable method for the preparation of HQ extracts based on extraction yield, pharmacological properties and safety.
Volumetric error compensation for multi-axis machines (2003)

A general error prediction and compensation scheme which implicitly includes the non-rigid body condition is developed for an arbitrary multi-axis machine. The accuracy and precision of tasks performed by multi-axis machines are profoundly affected by their volumetric accuracy. The volumetric accuracy of a machine depends on numerous factors, including geometric and kinematic errors, motion induced errors, deformation of structural members due to static and dynamic loads, and thermally induced errors. To alleviate the influence of these factors on the outcome of a task, a passive online software compensation method is developed. The method is based on two components: an interpolation algorithm with shape functions for error prediction and a recursive online software compensation scheme. Several illustrative examples are included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Efficient Synthesis of 4‐Aminoquinazoline and Thieno[3,2‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐ylamine Derivatives by Microwave Irradiation. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Modelos animales de dolor y electroacupuntura (2007)

Animal models of pain have permitted in the last decades important advances in neurobiologic research, but biological systems are not exact and there are múltiple factors that can lead to contradictory results. Those difficulties are exacerbated in models addressed to electroacupuncture treatment procedures, as a parametric variability exists for the liberation of mediators, also for the response of biochemical systems manipulated under physiologic or pathological conditions, among other the influence of the stress induced analgesia (SIA). Our purpose is to critically analyze some recent experiments in this field, from authors that have faced these difficulties and still have provided important elements for the clarification of the mechanisms involved in acupuncture analgesia.
Dietary vitamin D intake and serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D level in relation to disease outcomes in head and neck cancer patients (2010)

Low pretreatment vitamin D status has been associated with worsened disease outcomes in patients with cancer at various sites. Its prognostic significance in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients has not been studied. Patients with HNC who participated in a randomized trial were evaluated for: (i) total intake of vitamin D from diet and supplements using a validated food frequency questionnaire (all trial participants, n = 540) and (ii) pretreatment serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D through a radioimmunoassay (n = 522). The association of dietary/serum measures of vitamin D status with HNC recurrence, second primary cancer (SPC) incidence, and overall mortality was evaluated using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. There was no significant association between dietary or serum vitamin D measures and the three HNC outcomes. The hazard ratios (HRs) comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of dietary/supplemental vitamin D intake were 1.10 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66-1.84) for recurrence, 1.05 (95% CI: 0.63-1.74) for SPC, and 1.27 (95% CI: 0.87-1.84) for overall mortality. HRs comparing the uppermost to the lowest quartile of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were 1.12 (95% CI: 0.65-1.93) for recurrence, 0.72 (95% CI: 0.40-1.30) for SPC, and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.57-1.28) for overall mortality. There was no effect modification by cancer stage, season of initial treatment, or trial arm. Among patients with HNC, vitamin D status before treatment does not influence disease outcomes. Our results contrast with those from most published studies, which suggest prognostic significance of vitamin D status in cancer patients at least in subgroups.
Molecular Profiling of EPI-001: An Inhibitor of Androgen Receptor Signaling With a Disputed Mechanism of Action (2016)

Abstract : The goals of this project are to synthesize alkyne-functionalized EPI-001 analogues and to determine their protein binding partners in prostate cancer cell lines. The anticipated outcome is the annotation of the activity-associated protein targets of EPI-001 that will be valuable in future drug development efforts. The progress achieved during this 1-year award include: (1) synthesizing a set of alkyne-tagged EPI-001 probes, (2) elucidating appropriate concentrations and incubation times for dosing probes to LNCaP cells to afford probe-protein adducts, (3) optimizing protocols for the isolation of probe-protein adducts over monomeric avid in resin and demonstrating protein-binding by SDS-PAGE, and (4) identifying the proteins captured by the EPI-001 analogues by LC-MS/MS. Ongoing studies are focused on performing quantitative proteomics with the prepared EPI-001 analogues to elucidate changes in protein levels following compound dosage. Additional control experiments and appropriate replicate experiments required for scientific publication are also being performed.
Novel Approach to 5-Substituted Proline Derivatives Using a Silver-Catalyzed Cyclization as the Key Step (2005)

A novel synthetic approach to the synthesis of enantiomerically pure 2,5-disubstituted pyrrolines is described. The methodology involves a Ag-catalyzed 5-endo-dig cyclization of enantiopure aryl-substituted acetylene-containing amino acids. It has also been shown that the obtained pyrrolines can be efficiently transformed into the corresponding saturated 5-aryl-substituted proline derivatives.
Ultrasonic Structural Health Monitoring - An Overview (2014)

Piezoelectric transducers have a long history of applications in nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of material and structure integrity owing to their ability of transforming mechanical energy to electrical energy and vice versa. From an acoustic point of view, there is no difference between structural health monitoring (SHM) and conventional NDE since both rely on the same physics in the sense that in either case acoustic wave need to be generated and then detected. This paper presents and discusses an overview of ultrasonic SHM techniques. After a brief introduction, it presents the PWAS-based SHM principle, which is followed by a discussion of the passive and active ultrasonic SHM techniques. The paper identifies advantages and disadvantages of these nondestructive methods and guidelines for future work.
Dynamics of Nanoparticle Adhesion (2012)

We performed molecular dynamics simulations and theoretical analysis of nanoparticle pulling off from adhesive substrates. Our theoretical model of nanoparticle detachment is based on the Kramers' solution of the stochastic barrier crossing in effective one-dimensional potential well. The activation energy, � E, for nanoparticle detachment first decreases linearly with increasing the magnitude of the applied force, f, then it follows a power lawE ∝ (f ∗ − f) 3/2 as magnitude of the pulling force f approaches a critical detachment force value, f ∗ . These two different regimes in activation energy dependence on magnitude of the applied force are confirmed by analyzing nanoparticle detachment in effective one-dimensional potential obtained by weighted histogram analysis method. Simulations show that detachment of nanoparticle proceeds through neck formation such that magnitude of the activation energy is determined by balancing surface energy of the neck connecting particle to a sub- strate with elastic energy of nanoparticle deformation. In this regime the activation energy at zero applied force, � E0, for nanoparticle with radius, Rp, shear modulus, G, surface energy, γ p, and work of adhesion, W, is a universal function of the dimensionless parameter δ ∝ γpW −2/3 (GRp) −1/3 .S im- ulation data are described by a scaling functionE 0 ∝ γ 5/2 p R 1/2 p G −3/2 δ −3.75 . Molecular dynamics simulations of nanoparticle detachment show that the Kramers' approach fails in the vicinity of the critical detachment force f ∗ where activation energy barrier becomes smaller than the thermal energy kBT. In the interval of the pulling forces f > f ∗ nanoparticle detachment becomes a deterministic pro- cess. © 2012 American Institute of Physics .( http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4769389)