gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
X-ray detectors based on GaN Schottky diodes (2010)

GaN Schottky diodes have been fabricated and tested as x-ray detectors in the range from 6 to 21 keV. The spectral response has been measured and is compared to its theoretical value. The study of the response and its temporal dynamics as a function of the bias allows to identify a photovoltaic behavior at low bias and a photoconductive one at larger reverse biases. The GaN diode turned out to be linear as a function of the incident power. The noise and detectivity are given and discussed.
Dried Pomegranate Potentiates Anti-Osteoporotic and Anti-Obesity Activities of Red Clover Dry Extracts in Ovariectomized Rats (2015)

Red clover (RC) shows potential activity against menopausal symptoms and pomegranates have antioxidative and beneficial effects on postmenopausal symptoms; thus, we investigated whether the anti-climacteric activity of RC could be enhanced by the addition of dried pomegranate concentrate powder (PCP) extracts in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Regarding the anti-osteoporotic effects, bone mineral density increased significantly in OVX induced rats treated with 60 and 120 mg/kg of an RC:PCP 2:1 mixture, respectively, compared with OVX control rats. Additionally, femoral, tibia, and L4 bone resorption was decreased in OVX induced control rats treated with the RC:PCP 2:1 mixture (60 and 120 mg/kg), respectively, compared with OVX control rats. Regarding anti-obesity effects, the OVX induced rats treated with 60 and 120 mg/kg of the RC:PCP 2:1 mixture showed a decrease in total fat pad thickness, the mean diameters of adipocytes and the body weights gain compared with OVX induced control rats. The estradiol and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly increased in OVX induced rats treated with the RC:PCP 2:1 mixture (120 mg/kg) compared with OVX induced control rats, also, the uterine atrophy was significantly inhibited in 60 and 120 mg/kg of the RC:PCP 2:1 mixture treatment compared with OVX control rats. In conclusion, our results indicate that PCP enhanced the anti-climacteric effects of RC in OVX rats. The RC:PCP 2:1 mixture used in this study may be a promising new potent and protective agent for relieving climacteric symptoms.
The application of computational methods to explore the diversity and structure of bacterial fatty acid synthase (2003)

Acyl carrier protein (ACP) is a central element in the bacterial, type II dissociated fatty acid synthase (FAS II) system. ACP delivers the fatty acyl intermediates to a variety of enzymes with different biochemical functions and 3-dimensional (3-D) structures. Computational techniques have proved invaluable in guiding the experimental designs that have uncovered the recognition helix on ACP and the common features on its target enzymes responsible for specific protein*protein interactions. Escherichia coli has been the model organism for the study of FAS II, but the availability of complete genomic sequences of a growing number of bacteria coupled with computational bioinformatics has led to new discoveries on the mechanisms that regulate E. coli FAS II and allowed the differences between the E. coli paradigm and major groups of pathogens to be identified and experimentally addressed. Computational methods facilitated the discovery of the E. coli fatty acid synthesis transcriptional regulator, FabR, and led to the identification of novel bacterial FAS II proteins in Gram-positive pathogens, including enoyl-ACP reductases (FabK and FabL) and trans-2-cis-3-decenoyl-ACP isomerase FabM. As more genomic sequences and 3-D coordinates are added to the databases, the power and resolution of the computational approaches will increase to offer deeper insight into the structure, diversity and function of lipid metabolic pathways.
An unusual cause of ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection (2015)

Infection associated with ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt implantation can be a significant problem. VP shunt infection with Serratia marcescens, a gram-negative anaerobic rod, usually is related to underlying abdominal disease. This article describes treatment of two patients suffering from a VP shunt infection with S. marcescens without underlying abdominal disease.
Multi-contrast multi-shot EPI for accelerated diffusion MRI (2021)

The clinical application of diffusion MRI is practically hindered by its long scan time. In this work, we introduce a novel imaging and parameter estimation framework for time-efficient diffusion MRI. To improve the scan efficiency, we propose ADEPT (Accelerated Diffusion EPI with multi-contrast shoTs), in which diffusion contrast settings are allowed to change between shots in a multi-shot EPI acquisition (i.e. intra-scan modulation). The framework simultaneously corrects for artifacts related to shot-to-shot phase inconsistencies in multi-shot imaging by iteratively estimating the phase map parameters along with the diffusion model parameters directly from the acquired intra-scan modulated k-space data. Monte Carlo simulation experiments show the effective estimation of diffusion tensor parameters in multi-shot EPI diffusion imaging.
Hormonal cross‐talk regulates the <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate synthase gene <i>1</i> in a developmental and tissue‐dependent manner (1999)

The Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate synthase gene 1 ( AT‐ACS1 ) was found to be developmentally regulated with pronounced activity in immature tissues. The effect of different hormones on this expression pattern was studied by using a transgenic line carrying the β ‐glucuronidase ( GUS ) gene under control of the AT‐ACS1 promoter. In addition, the level of mRNA for AT‐ACS1 was assayed in different ethylene and auxin‐insensitive backgrounds, as well as in an auxin homeostasis mutant by using competitive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). The results support the existence of a hormonal cross‐talk involving auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene in the regulation of AT‐ACS1 . These hormonal controls act in a developmental and tissue‐dependent manner.
Abstract 1730: <i>DACH1</i> gene deletion extends portraits of human prostate cancer (2019)

Abstract Purpose of the study: This study was conducted to define the role of Dachshund in prostate cancer, through assessing human prostate cancer samples and through genetic deletion in the mouse. Prostate cancer (PCa), the second leading cause of death in American men, is a genetically heterogeneous disease, likely representing distinct genetic drivers, with terminal events caused primarily by metastasis. Substratification of PCa into genetic subtypes, forms the basis of rational therapy for PCa. A better molecular understanding of the disease is necessary in order to develop novel targeted therapies of metastatic PCa. Known genetic drivers to tumor initiation include PTEN and NKX3.1 deletions, rearrangements of the TMPRSS2 gene to the oncogenic ETS transcription factor, ERG, and genetic predisposing factors include germline DNA-repair gene mutations. The DACH1 gene, initially cloned as an inhibitor of Elipse, the hyperactive epidermal growth factor (EGFR) in Drosophila, was found to be reduced in abundance in several malignancies including breast and prostate cancer. Results: In order to determine whether the DACH1 gene is deleted or mutated in prostate cancer we interrogated the genomic sequencing analysis of over 490 patients from 5 population cohorts. Homozygous deletion of DACH1 was identified in 18% (N=61), 11% (N=136), 10% (N=492), 7% (N=103) and 3% (N=150) of prostate cancer in 5 distinct cohorts. The prevalence of DACH1 gene deep deletions was higher in the metastasis than in the primary tumors. The Transgenic Adenocarcinoma Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) transgenic, Dach1fl/fl, and Probasin-Cre, ROSA26mT/mG transgenic mice were used to generate a prostate epithelial cell specific Dach1 gene knockout mouse (Probasin-Cre-Dach1fl/fl ROSA26mT/mG-TRAMP) lines. Prostate specific deletion of the murine Dach1 gene enhanced progression of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), associated with increased prostate epithelial cell proliferation, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), DNA damage and inflammation. Conclusions: DACH1 gene deletion may define a distinct subclass of prostate cancer that may benefit from PARP inhibitors, and platinum-based chemotherapy. Citation Format: Xuanmao Jiao, Gabriele Di Sante, Zhiping Li, Agnese Di Rocco, Min Wang, Adam Ertel, Peter A. McCue, Andrew P. South, Carlos Cordon-Cardo, Matthew P. Stokes, Marco Marra, Steven J. Jones, Andrew Kossenkov, Richard G. Pestell. DACH1 gene deletion extends portraits of human prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1730.
Elementary Schooling and the Working Classes 1860-1918. By J.S. Hurt (London: Routledge &amp; Kegan Paul, 1979. vii + 241 pp. $20) (1981)

Journal Article Elementary Schooling and the Working Classes 1860–1918. By J.S. Hurt (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1979. vii + 241 pp. $20) Get access Peter V. Meyers Peter V. Meyers North Carolina A&T State University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Social History, Volume 14, Issue 4, Summer 1981, Pages 754–755, https://doi.org/10.1353/jsh/14.4.754 Published: 01 July 1981
Using Mixed-Signal Simulation to Design a Digital Power Measurement System for Induction Heating Home Appliances (2007)

Mixed-simulation tools arise as efficient tools in the design flow of power converter controllers. Nowadays power converters are controlled by digital circuits modeled using hardware description languages. These models are validated by simulation and mixed signal simulators provide a way to simulate the system as a whole. In this work we present the use of these tools in the design and validation of a power measurement system.
A Multi-institutional Study of Factors Associated With Fetal Death in Injured Pregnant Patients (1999)

Fetal death was more likely with greater severity of injury. Cardiotrophic monitoring is underused in injured pregnant patients in their third trimester even after admission to major trauma centers. Increased use of cardiotrophic monitoring may decrease the mortality caused by placental abruption.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) Have Multiple Binding Points That Accommodate Ligands in Various Conformations: Phenylpropanoic Acid-Type PPAR Ligands Bind to PPAR in Different Conformations, Depending on the Subtype (2011)

Human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (hPPARs) are ligand-dependent transcription factors that control various biological responses, and there are three subtypes: hPPARα, hPPARδ, and hPPARγ. We report here that α-substituted phenylpropanoic acid-type hPPAR agonists with similar structure bind to the hPPAR ligand binding domain (LBD) in different conformations, depending on the receptor subtype. These results might indicate that hPPAR ligand binding pockets have multiple binding points that can be utilized to accommodate structurally flexible hPPAR ligands.
N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) and glutathione (GSH): Antioxidant and chemopreventive properties, with special reference to lung cancer (1995)

Lung cancer arises as a focal transformation of chronically injured epithelium with cigarette smoke as one of its well-recognized causes. Apart from oxidants (free radicals), cigarette smoke contains such a multitude of (pre)carcinogens that it is astonishing that not every heavy smoker becomes a victim of malignancy. This points to the interindividual variability in susceptibility to carcinogens; several lines of evidence suggest that metabolic factors are involved in such variability. Metabolism of carcinogens as well as the subsequent (multi)steps of carcinogenesis are affected by host factors and governed by the balance between opposing forces, such as metabolic activation and detoxification, formation and scavenging of radicals, and DNA damage and repair, which seem to imply that carcinogenic compounds can initiate tumor growth only in amounts saturating detoxification mechanisms. In this context it is well known that glutathione (GSH) plays a crucial role in the detoxification of xenobiotics. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), an aminothiol and synthetic precursor of intracellular cysteine and GSH, has been used for many years in Europe as a mucolytic drug. Clinically, it is a safe agent without major side effects and has been considered to have a place in cancer prevention, too. The antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties of NAC could be ascribed to multiple protective mechanisms, such as NAC nucleophilicity, antioxidant activity, its ability to act as a precursor of intracellular reduced GSH, modulation of detoxification, and DNA repair processes. On these grounds, NAC has emerged as a most promising cancer chemopreventive agent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Photoswitching Behavior of 5-Phenylazopyrimidines: In Situ Irradiation NMR and Optical Spectroscopy Combined with Theoretical Methods (2018)

The photoswitching behavior of 5-phenylazopyrimidines was investigated by optical methods and NMR spectroscopy with in situ irradiation sustained by mathematical modeling and DFT calculations. Irradiation of various compounds with electron-donating groups on the pyrimidine ring and substituents with electron-withdrawing as well as electron-donating substituent in the para-position of the phenyl ring were examined. All compounds could be successfully converted to the cis isomer; this isomerization and the subsequent thermal fading were studied. Switching cycles can be repeated without signs of photodegradation for most of the compounds, which makes them adept to molecular photoswitches. Interestingly, the chloro and cyano derivatives can be switched without UV light, which makes them vis(π → π*)-vis(n → π*) photoswitches. Surprisingly equal trans-to- cis photoisomerization quantum yields for π → π* and n → π* excitation indicate the blocking of the inversion pathway following π → π* excitation. In contrast to that, DFT computations suggest the inversion mechanism for the reverse thermal cis-to- trans isomerization of 5-phenylazopyrimidines.
MAP-Based Object Extraction from Uncalibrated Image Pair (2006)

In this paper, we propose a new MAP algorithm for foreground objects extraction from uncalibrated image pairs. The segmentation is performed in the MAP framework with MRF (Markov random field) modeling of images. The proposed algorithm estimates several spatial transformations between two images by corresponding SIFT (scale invariant feature transform) points and sequential RANSAC (random sample consensus) algorithm. The area-ratio criterion is applied to the each transformation so that we select the transformation of foreground object. Using these transformations, we compute the likelihood of color-segmented subregions. We model the prior information which is based on smoothness condition. Finally, the object extraction is performed by the Bayesian belief propagation. Experiments on various image pairs and video sequences show promising results in extracting the foreground objects from the backgrounds.
Fidelity of energy spectra at neutron facilities for single-event effects testing (2010)

We quantify the fidelity of neutron beam spectra for single-event effects accelerated testing. Beam spectra are folded with representative SEE cross-section curves and errors in predicted SEE rates are determined. The use of quasi-monoenergetic neutrons to complement spallation neutron sources is described. Errors can be controlled to insignificant levels even when the maximum neutron energy is below 200MeV.
Challenges in Plant Alternative Splicing (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Plant Introns The Plant Spliceosome Plant Spliceosomal Proteins Alternative Splicing in Plants References
NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF METAL FATIGUE USING NONLINEAR ACOUSTICS (2009)

Safe‐life and damage‐tolerant design philosophies of high performance structures have driven the development of various methods to evaluate nondestructively the accumulation of damage in such structures resulting from cyclic loading. Although many techniques have proven useful, none has been able to provide an unambiguous, quantitative assessment of damage accumulation at each stage of fatigue from the virgin state to fracture. A method based on nonlinear acoustics is shown to provide such a means to assess the state of metal fatigue. The salient features of an analytical model are presented of the microelastic‐plastic nonlinearities resulting from the interaction of an acoustic wave with fatigue‐generated dislocation substructures and cracks that predictably evolve during the metal fatigue process. The interaction is quantified by the material (acoustic) nonlinearity parameter β extracted from acoustic harmonic generation measurements. The β parameters typically increase monotonically by several hundred percent over the fatigue life of the metal, thus providing a unique measure of the state of fatigue. Application of the model to aluminum alloy 2024‐T4 and 410 Cb stainless steel specimens fatigued using different loading conditions yields good agreement between theory and experiment. Application of the model and measurement technique to the on‐site inspection of steam turbine blades is discussed.
dsMTL: a computational framework for privacy-preserving, distributed multi-task machine learning (2022)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Quartz crystal impedance studies at 10 MHz of viscoelastic liquids and films (1997)

A rapid measurement of the components R and XL of AT-cut quartz crystal electroacoustic impedance at 10 MHz is reported. Parametric impedance plane plots (XLvs. R) are introduced to analyse the effect of mass/volume and viscoelastic changes in the films and liquids in contact with the quartz crystal during dynamic chemical or electrochemical processes. Experimentaldata for selected systems, viscoelastic films and liquids, self-assembledlayers and electroactive polymers, are presented. These results are discussedon the basis of the model of Granstaff and Martin to describe the real andimaginary components of the Butterworth–van Dyke (BVD) equivalen circuit impedance in terms of the density, mass and shear modulus of the viscoelastic film or liquid. The possibility of separating the inertial (rigid) mass and the viscoelastic components of quartz impedance when dynamic processes take place is analysed for the selected experimental data presented.
Working with Computer Scientists to Resolve Data Challenges and Scale Up Research (2014)

How did you establish and sustain this cross-disciplinary collaboration? I think if you want to establish a diverse research program, then you need to collaborate with professors and researchers in other disciplines. It’s a challenge to do this. You have ... Read More
Structure of human sodium leak channel NALCN in complex with FAM155A (2020)

Abstract NALCN, a sodium leak channel mainly expressed in the central nervous systems, is responsible for the resting Na + permeability that controls neuronal excitability. Dysfunctions of the NALCN channelosome, NALCN with several auxiliary subunits, are associated with a variety of human diseases. Here, we reported the cryo-EM structure of human NALCN in complex with FAM155A, at an overall resolution of 3.1 angstrom. FAM155A forms extensive interactions with the extracellular loops of NALCN that help stabilize NALCN in the membrane. A Na + ion-binding site, reminiscent of a Ca 2+ binding site in Ca v channels, is identified in the unique EEKE selectivity filter. Despite its ‘leaky’ nature, the intracellular gate is sealed by S6 I , II-III linker and III-IV linker. Our study establishes the molecular basis of Na + permeation and voltage sensitivity, and provides important clues to the mechanistic understanding of NALCN regulation and NALCN channelosome-related diseases.
Effect of soil compaction on barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i>L.) growth (1996)

Wild-type (Steptoe) and abscisic acid (ABA)-deficient mutant (Az34) genotypes of barley were grown in compacted soil to examine the potential role of ABA as a root-to-shoot signal. Root and shoot growth and leaf conductance were all reduced when plants were grown in compacted soil with a bulk density of 1.7g cm−3, relative to uncompacted control plants (1.1 g cm−3. These effects occurred in the absence of detectable changes in leaf water status or foliar abscisic acid (ABA) content. Analysis of Steptoe and Az34 xylem sap showed that the ABA concentration was greatly increased at 6 d after emergence (6 DAE) when seedlings were grown in compacted soil (1.7 g cm−3); however, ABA concentrations were never as high in the mutant as in the wild type. The increase in xylem sap ABA concentration observed at high bulk density was closely correlated with reductions in leaf conductance, but not leaf area. These increases were transitory, and xylem sap ABA concentrations subsequently decreased towards the control level by 18 DAE in both genotypes.
Wavelength swept ASE source (2009)

We present a novel wavelength swept light source for Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). Arbitrary sweep rates up to 2×170kHz are achieved by phase-shifted control of two optical bandpass-filters to compensate light propagation effects.
Detection of fast flying nanoparticles by light scattering over a large volume (2015)

is a well-known detection method which is applied in many different scientific and technology domains including atmospheric physics, environmental control, and biology. It allows contactless and remote detection of sub-micron size particles. However, methods for detecting a single fast moving particle smaller than 100 nm are lacking. In the present work we report a preliminary design study of an inline large area detector for nanoparticles larger than 50 nm which move with velocities up to 100 m/s. The detector design is based on light scattering using commercially available components. The presented design takes into account all challenges connected to the inline implementation of the scattering technique in the system: the need for the detector to have a large field of view to cover a volume with a footprint commensurate to an area of 100mm x 100mm, the necessity to sense nanoparticles transported at high velocity, and the requirement of large capture rate with a false detection as low as one false positive per week. The impact of all these stringent requirements on the expected sensitivity and performances of the device is analyzed by mean of a dedicated performance model.
Coding Control Schemes for Store- and-Forward Video Codecs. (1993)

Coding control schemes are developed for store-and-forward video codecs which transmit high quality pictures through low bit rate digital lines. Video transmission through easily accessable digital networks, such as ISDN and INMARSAT-A HSD service is in demand. The current transmission rates, however, are around 64 kbit/s, and are not sufficient for real-time transmission of high quality video sequences. The store-and-forward video coding approach solves this problem by using rate conversion at the expense of transmission time. Here, new techniques are required for coding rate and quality control.This paper describes a coding rate control scheme that can be used to improve coding efficiency under variable bit rate conditions. It also describes an adaptive pre-filter that optimizes input picture resolutions as well as an edge-preserving post-filter that reduces block noise for subjective quality improvement. Each scheme is evaluated by computer simulation.
Obstetric Balloon for Treatment of Foreshortened Vagina Using the McIndoe Technique (2014)

An obstetric balloon can be used effectively as a mold for vaginal reconstruction with the McIndoe technique.