gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compliant substrate technology for heterogeneous integration (1998)

The recent encouraging results on compliant substrates have made them a promising technology for innovative optoelectronic devices and circuits involving lattice mismatched semiconductors. Different from traditional bulk semiconductor substrates, compliant substrates are flexible templates that can accommodate the lattice strain produced during heteroepitaxial growth. This article discusses one special class of compliant substrates, namely twist-bonded compliant substrates. A twist-bonded compliant substrate contains a 30-100A thin layer bonded to a bulk crystal with a high-angle twist boundary at the interface. Experiment has shown that the twist-bonded thin layer functions as a compliant template to absorb the mismatch strain through elastic and plastic deformation. We have fabricated twist-bonded GaAs and Si compliant substrates and grown InGaAs (1.5% mismatch) and InSb (14.7% mismatch) layers on GaAs compliant substrates and Ge layers (4% mismatch) on Si compliant substrates. Cross sectional TEM results have shown a significant reduction in threading dislocation density for all these films. The crosshatch free InGaAs surface indicates that substrate compliance indeed provides a new strain release mechanism than forming dislocation half loops in the heteroepitaxial layers. The photoluminescence data from InGaAs multiquantum- wells also confirm the superior quality of heteroepitaxial layers grown on compliant substrates. Future research is directed to enhancement of our understanding of substrate compliance mechanisms, improvement of processing technology, and demonstration of critical photonic devices on compliant substrates.
Japanese subgroup analysis in the Asian phase II study of darinaparsin in patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (2023)

A Japanese subgroup analysis from the Asian phase II study of darinaparsin in patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety outcomes of the Japanese population. In this Asian phase II study, darinaparsin was administered to 65 patients, including 37 Japanese patients. In the Japanese population, the histopathological type of PTCL was PTCL, not otherwise specified in 26 patients (70.3%), angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma in 9 patients (24.3%) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) -negative in 2 patients (5.4%), and the median patient age was 70.0 (range: 43-85). 94.6% and 35.1% of the Japanese population had previously received multi-agent and single-agent regimen, respectively. The efficacy and safety were summarized and compared between the overall and Japanese populations. Based on central assessment, the overall response rate was 22.2% (8/36; 90% confidence interval [CI]: 11.6-36.5) in the Japanese population and 19.3% (11/57; 90% CI: 11.2-29.9) in the overall population. There were no essential differences in the safety profile of darinaparsin between the Japanese population and the overall population. The results of this subgroup analysis indicate that the efficacy and safety profiles of the Japanese subpopulation were broadly consistent with that of the overall population, and that darinaparsin is potentially an effective treatment with a manageable safety profile in Japanese patients with relapse or refractory PTCL.
A Convergent Coordination Chemistry-Based Approach to Dissymmetric Macrocyclic Cofacial Porphyrin Complexes (2007)

We report a highly convergent and modular approach for the synthesis of dissymmetric cofacial porphyrin complexes, which is based upon the weak-link approach to supramolecular coordination chemistry. Specifically, we have utilized a halide-induced ligand rearrangement reaction, which is capable of providing heteroligated mixed-metal porphyrin complexes in quantitative yield. Significantly, the adoption of a coordination chemistry based approach for the synthesis of these complexes allows for facile in situ regulation of the porphyrin-porphyrin interactions through the addition of external chemical stimuli.
Paradox of <i>ras</i> Oncogenes in Malignant Melanoma (1988)

Our studies over the past several years have concentrated on the role of oncogenes in the pathogenesis of malignant melanoma. Our objectives have been i) to determine the status of oncogene and proto‐oncogene activation and expression during specific clinically defined stages of melanoma; ii) to determine if these genes are involved in the induction, maintenance, and/or metastatic potential of melanoma cells; iii) to decipher the relationship of neoplastic transformation to differentiation in this disease; and iv) to determine the nature and timing of specific events which disrupt the normal functioning of the melanocyte. The experiments are intended to test the concept that multiple, cooperating, independently activated oncogenes are involved in the evolution of malignant melanoma. The range of data we have accumulated to date suggests a definite, but complex, role for oncogenes in the development of melanoma and points to a probable interrelatedness of melanocyte‐melanoma cellular differentiation programs and the process of malignant transformation. Further, our research has detailed a specific sequence of transformation‐related biological and biochemical events occurring in vitro in the human melanocyte in response to ras oncogenes, and has generated information suggesting the presence of, as yet, undefined genetic elements in melanoma. Our work has evolved along a broad front, and we have analyzed the status of a large series of oncogenes in a range of melanomas and related tissues. However, in this brief review we will limit our focus to the ras gene family and discuss the data from my group and others which suggests not only a complex role for ras oncogenes in the etiology of melanoma but also a paradoxical one.
Current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistance in submicron pseudo-spin-valve devices (2005)

We measured the transport behavior of ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{80}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{20}(\mathrm{Py})∕\mathrm{Cu}∕\mathrm{Py}$ current-perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) submicron spin-valve devices with Cu spacer thickness up to 530 nm, fabricated directly from as-grown heterostructures using a three-dimensional focused-ion beam etching technique. The work bridged the gap between existing conventional CPP giant magnetoresistance measurements and lateral type spin-valve experiments. By fitting the data with the Valet-Fert model, we determined the spin asymmetry ratio of $0.80\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.01$ and spin diffusion length of $600\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}245$ nm in Cu at 77 K. The magnitude of resistance change obtained in this work was comparable with conventional CPP measurements, but was about two orders of magnitude larger than those of lateral spin-valve devices. The results implied that any success in exploiting the lateral type spintronic devices for practical uses would rely critically on improving the size of the measured signals.
Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Replication and Growth Advantage of CD4 <sup>+</sup> T Cells from HIV-Infected Individuals That Express Intracellular Antibodies Against HIV-1 gp120 or Tat (1998)

Current clinical gene therapy protocols for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection often involve the ex vivo transduction and expansion of CD4+ T cells derived from HIV-positive patients at a late stage in their disease (CD4 count <400). These protocols involve the transduction of T cells by murine leukemia virus (MLV)-based vectors encoding antiviral constructs such as the rev m10 dominant negative mutant or a ribozyme directed against the CAP site of HIV-1 RNA. We examined the efficiency and stability of transduction of CD4+ T cells derived from HIV-infected patients at different stages in the progression of their disease, from seroconversion to AIDS. CD4+ T cells from HIV-positive patients and uninfected donors were transduced with MLV-based vectors encoding beta-galactosidase and an intracellular antibody directed against gp120 (sFv 105) or Tat. (sFvtat1-Ckappa). The expression of marker genes and the effects of the antiviral constructs were monitored in vitro in unselected transduced CD4+ T cells. Efficiency and stability of transduction varied during the course of HIV infection; CD4+ T cells derived from asymptomatic patients were transducible at higher efficiencies and stabilities than CD4+ T cells from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Expression of the anti-tat intracellular antibody was more effective at stably inhibiting HIV-1 replication in transduced cells from HIV-infected individuals than was sFv 105. The results of this study have important implications for the development of a clinically relevant gene therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.
Generation of optical absorption bands in CaF2 single crystals by ArF excimer laser irradiation: Effect of yttrium impurity (1998)

Generation of optical absorption bands was observed in CaF2 single crystals with different Y impurity concentrations, excimer grade (yttrium impurity; &amp;lt;1 ppm) and UV grade (5 ppm), by irradiation with ArF excimer laser light at room temperature. The transmittance at the wavelength of 193 nm gradually decreased from 100% down to a saturation level of ∼95% for the UV grade specimen during the ArF excimer laser irradiation. This degradation process was found to obey first order kinetics. On the other hand, no significant decrease in transmittance was observed for the excimer grade specimen. “Four-band structure” which was a characteristic of Y-associated F centers (YFCs) and a band peaking at ∼6.6 eV were observed in the spectrum of the irradiated UV grade CaF2. The 6.6 eV band, which substantially controlled transmission loss at the wavelength of 193 nm and was generated via one photon process, was tentatively attributed to YFCs from growth kinetics on the laser irradiation and decay kinetics upon annealing. Neither intrinsic F centers nor H centers were observed by the ArF laser light irradiation at room temperature. These results demonstrated that a trace amount of Y impurity enhanced the formation of F centers perturbed by a nearest Y impurity and that an absorption band of the resulting YFCs controlled the transmission loss at the wavelength of 193 nm.
The Involvment of Hematopoietic-Specific PLC -β2 in Homing and Engraftment of Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells (2016)

Migration and bone marrow (BM) homing of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) is regulated by several signaling pathways, and here we provide evidence for the involvement in this process of hematopoietic-specific phospholipase C-β2 (PLC-β2). This enzyme is involved in release of intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC). Recently we reported that PLC-β2 promotes mobilization of HSPCs from BM into peripheral blood (PB), and this effect is mediated by the involvement of PLC-β2 in the release of proteolytic enzymes from granulocytes and its role in disintegration of membrane lipid rafts. Here we report that, besides the role of PLC-β2 in the release of HSPCs from BM niches, PLC-β2 regulates the migration of HSPCs in response to chemotactic gradients of BM homing factors, including SDF-1, S1P, C1P, and ATP. Specifically, HSPCs from PLC-β2-KO mice show impaired homing and engraftment in vivo after transplantation into lethally irradiated mice. This decrease in migration of HSPCs can be explained by impaired calcium release in PLC-β2-KO mice and a high baseline level of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), an enzyme that negatively regulates cell migration.
Remote monitoring of implantable-cardioverter defibrillators: results from the Reliability of IEGM Online Interpretation (RIONI) study (2011)

By enabling accurate evaluation of the appropriateness of ICD therapy and the underlying arrhythmia, the first-generation IEGM Online provided a clinically effective basis for timely interventions and for optimized patient management schemes, which was comparable with current IEGM recordings.
Combination low-dose hepatitis B immune globulin and lamivudine therapy provides effective prophylaxis against posttransplantation hepatitis B (2000)

Although antiviral prophylaxis with lamivudine monotherapy appears to reduce post-liver transplantation recurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, breakthrough infections occur in at least 20% of the patients because of the development of drug resistance. Combined lamivudine and intravenous hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) therapy (10,000-IU doses) may reduce this risk, but its use is limited by cost ( approximately US $45,000/yr) and availability. We report the experience at liver transplant centers in Australia and New Zealand in which lamivudine has been used in combination with much lower doses of HBIG than used in conventional HBIG prophylaxis. Lamivudine, 100 mg/d, was administered to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive candidates on listing for transplantation and was continued posttransplantation. HBIG, 400 or 800 IU, was administered intramuscularly (IM) daily for 1 week from transplantation and monthly thereafter. Thirty-seven HBsAg-positive patients underwent transplantation using this protocol. Thirty-six of these patients were HBV DNA positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or hybridization assay. Thirty-four patients had chronic HBV, 2 patients had hepatitis B and C, and 1 patient had hepatitis B, C, and D. Five patients died within 1 month of transplantation and are not included in the analysis. Mean follow-up in the remaining 32 patients was 18.4 months (range, 5 to 45 months). Treatment was well tolerated, with no significant adverse events. Thirty-one of 32 patients were HBsAg negative, and all 32 patients were HBV DNA negative by PCR at latest follow-up. The cost of treatment was US $967 for lamivudine and between $2,290 and $4,480/yr for IM HBIG. Lamivudine and low-dose HBIG treatment prevents posttransplantation recurrence of hepatitis B and is likely to be more cost-effective than high-dose HBIG regimens.
Soft, Bistable Actuators for Reconfigurable 3D Electronics (2021)

Existing strategies for reconfigurable three-dimensional (3D) electronics are greatly constrained by either the complicated driven mechanisms or harsh demands for conductive materials. Developing a simple and robust strategy for 3D electronics reconstruction and function extension remains a challenge. Here, we propose a solvent-driven bistable actuator, which acts as a substrate to reconstruct the combined 3D electronic device. Extraction of silicon oil from a hybrid poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) circle sheet buckles the dish to a bistable structure. The ultraviolet (UV)/ozone treatment on one surface of the PDMS structure introduces an oxidized layer, yielding a bilayered, solvent-driven bistable smart actuator. The snap-back stimulus to the oxidized layer differs from the snap-through stimulus. Experimental and numerical studies reveal the fundamental regulations for buckling configurations and the bistable behavior of the actuator. The prepared bistable actuator drives the bonded kirigami polyimide (PI) sheets to diverse 3D structures from the original bending configuration, reversibly. A frequency-reconfigurable electrically small monopole antenna is presented as a demonstration, which paves a way for the applications of this actuator in the field of reconfigurable 3D electronics.
Intermolecular, Catalytic Asymmetric Hydroamination of Bicyclic Alkenes and Dienes in High Yield and Enantioselectivity (2008)

A set of catalytic, intermolecular hydroaminations of strained bicyclic olefins and dienes are reported that occur in both high yield and high enantioselectivity. These reactions occur with a catalyst generated from [Ir(cyclooctene)Cl]2, sterically hindered and electron-rich derivatives of the Segphos and BIPHEP family of ligands, and a soluble base. This system catalyzes the addition of various anilines to norbornene, norbornadiene, and other bicyclic olefins. The products from addition of p-anisidine can be transformed to BOC-protected norbornylamine and to substituted cyclopentanes in nearly enantiopure form. Mechanistic studies show that addition of aniline-d2 occurs in a syn fashion and suggest that the catalytic cycle comprises oxidative addition of aniline to form a bis-anilide hydride complex, followed by migratory insertion of olefin and reductive elimination of product in a series of steps involving iridium complexes containing ancillary bisphosphine and arylamide ligands.
ChemInform Abstract: A Concise Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Monomorine I by Way of a Palladium‐ Catalyzed Reductive Coupling. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Preparation of α‐Substituted, β‐Hydroxy Piperidines and Pyrrolidines: The Total Synthesis of Febrifugine. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Blind and Robust Watermarking of 3D Models: How to Withstand the Cropping Attack? (2007)

State-of-the-art blind and robust 3D watermarking schemes already withstand combinations of a wide variety of attacks (e.g. noise addition, simplification, smoothing, ...) except cropping. This attack is however very common and should be dealt with in a copyright protection framework. In this paper, we propose a technique which enables to extend the robustness of such schemes to cropping. Our algorithm proceeds by the automatic detection of robust shape feature points which are then used for the embedding of a watermark in a local neighborhood. We show that robustness against cropping and other common attacks is achieved provided that at least one feature point as well as its corresponding local neighborhood are retrieved.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Suppression of MicroRNA-9 by Mutant EGFR Signaling Upregulates FOXP1 to Enhance Glioblastoma Tumorigenicity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 66KB, FOXP4, a putative miR-9 target, shows similar expression in cells with low and high miR-9 expression.&lt;/p&gt;
Automated calibration and imaging with the Allen Telescope Array (2010)

Planned instruments such as the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) and the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) will measure their data in petabytes. Innovative approaches in signal processing, computing hardware, algorithms, and data handling are necessary. The Allen Telescope Array (ATA) is a 42-antenna aperture synthesis array equipped with broadband, dual polarization receivers from 0.5 to 11 GHz. Four independent IF bands feed 4 spectral cross correlators and 3 beamformers. In this paper we describe the automated data processing to handle the high data rate and RFI in close to real time at the ATA.
Photoelectric properties of organic polysilane containing carbazolyl side groups (2000)

The photoelectric properties of a series of N-carbazolyl-substituted silane copolymers have been studied by optical absorption, photoluminescence, and time-of-flight transient photocurrent measurements. It is found in N-carbazolyl-substituted silane copolymers that the optical absorption and the photoluminescence bands of the carbazolyl side groups, superimposed on those of the Si backbones, are observed in the blue to ultraviolet spectrum region. The hole drift mobilities of the copolymers are essentially the same as those of polymethylphenylsilane (PMePhSi) and are higher than those of poly(N-vinylcarbazole), and the photocarrier generation efficiencies of the copolymers are higher than those of PMePhSi. These results indicate that the photogenerated charge carriers on the carbazolyl side groups transfer to the Si backbones and then proceed through the Si backbones.
[Endocrinological profile of human spermatogenic impairment--evaluation of function of Leydig and Sertoli cells in vivo or in vitro studies]. (1988)

In vivo and in vitro studies were performed to determine the function of Leydig and Sertoli cells of the human testis with various degrees of spermatogenic impairment. The increases in basal and peak serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) after LH-RH administration correlated with the degree of impairment of spermatogenesis, and the basal peripheral blood levels of testosterone and that after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration for patients with moderate or severe impairment were significantly lower than the values for those with mild impairment. The concentration of testosterone in the internal spermatic vein of varicocele patients with or without hCG treatment did not differ between in mild and moderate impairment. In studies on cultured Sertoli cells, the production rate of plasminogen activator in patients with severe impairment was significantly lower than that in patients with moderate or mild impairment. The decrease in testicular high-affinity binding site for FSH correlated with the degree of hypospermatogenesis found in idiopathic male infertility, but, on the contrary, the hCG (LH) receptors showed no correlation with the degree of impairment of spermatogenesis. In the investigation of the relationship between testicular FSH receptors and the effectiveness of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG)-hCG treatment on idiopathic male infertility, the presence or absence of testicular FSH receptors predicted the responsiveness to the treatment.
Evidence-Based Treatment and ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction—Reply (2011)

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