gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Back-Table Fluorescence-Guided Imaging for Circumferential Resection Margin Evaluation Using Bevacizumab-800CW in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (2019)

Negative circumferential resection margins (CRM) are the cornerstone for the curative treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). However, in up to 18.6% of patients, tumor-positive resection margins are detected on histopathology. In this proof-of-concept study, we investigated the feasibility of optical molecular imaging as a tool for evaluating the CRM directly after surgical resection to improve tumor-negative CRM rates. <b>Methods:</b> LARC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy received an intravenous bolus injection of 4.5 mg of bevacizumab-800CW, a fluorescent tracer targeting vascular endothelial growth factor A, 2-3 d before surgery (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01972373). First, for evaluation of the CRM status, back-table fluorescence-guided imaging (FGI) of the fresh surgical resection specimens (<i>n</i> = 8) was performed. These results were correlated with histopathology results. Second, for determination of the sensitivity and specificity of bevacizumab-800CW for tumor detection, a mean fluorescence intensity cutoff value was determined from the formalin-fixed tissue slices (<i>n</i> = 42; 17 patients). Local bevacizumab-800CW accumulation was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. <b>Results:</b> Back-table FGI correctly identified a tumor-positive CRM by high fluorescence intensities in 1 of 2 patients (50%) with a tumor-positive CRM. For the other patient, low fluorescence intensities were shown, although (sub)millimeter tumor deposits were present less than 1 mm from the CRM. FGI correctly identified 5 of 6 tumor-negative CRM (83%). The 1 patient with false-positive findings had a marginal negative CRM of only 1.4 mm. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the fluorescence intensities of formalin-fixed tissue slices yielded an optimal mean fluorescence intensity cutoff value for tumor detection of 5,775 (sensitivity of 96.19% and specificity of 80.39%). Bevacizumab-800CW enabled a clear differentiation between tumor and normal tissue up to a microscopic level, with a tumor-to-background ratio of 4.7 ± 2.5 (mean ± SD). <b>Conclusion:</b> In this proof-of-concept study, we showed the potential of back-table FGI for evaluating the CRM status in LARC patients. Optimization of this technique with adaptation of standard operating procedures could change perioperative decision making with regard to extending resections or applying intraoperative radiation therapy in the case of positive CRM.
Effects of noise on the determination of ejection fraction from left ventricular time-activity curves. (1977)

The effects of Poisson noise on three estimates of ejection fraction made from left-ventricular time-activity curves have been investigated. All three methods are based on a sinusoidal model of left-ventricular volume changes. The first, developed by Schelbert et al., overestimates the ejection fraction for low-activity levels and low ejection fractions. The second estimate, which is merely a first-order correction for the contribution of Poisson noise to the first estimate, appears to be more accurate when both estimators are applied to simulated time-activity curves, and the resulting ejection fractions are compared. A third, "maximum likelihood" estimator, when applied to the same data, is apparently more accurate than the first two.
Influence of Crystallite Size on the Electrochemical Properties of Chemically Synthesized Stoichiometric LiNiO[sub 2] (2002)

A nearly stoichiometric (ca. 1% nickel on Li site disorder) was synthesized using a particulate sol-gel approach. The oxide exhibits a high capacity of 205 mAh/g under a moderate C-rate of C/2. By maintaining the defect concentration and eliminating any impurity phases during synthesis, it was possible to quantitatively investigate the influence of crystallite size alone on the electrochemical properties of The electrochemical capacity was reduced by approximately 10% when the average crystallite size of the chemically synthesized oxide was increased from ca. 0.3 to 0.8 μm. Using the success of estimating the influence of crystallite size on the electrochemical properties of the nearly stoichiometric an analytical study on the factors affecting the electrochemical properties of defective was further conducted. The analysis indicates that the electrochemical properties of the oxide are more strongly influenced by the presence of defects on Li sites and impurity phases than by the crystallite size. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Agonism Increases the Capacity for Sympathetically Mediated Thermogenesis in Lean and<i>ob/ob</i>Mice (2004)

The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma modulates the expression of numerous genes involved in glucose and lipid homeostasis and plays a critical role in adipocyte differentiation. Expression of uncoupling protein (UCP)1, which is necessary for thermogenesis, is strongly stimulated by PPARgamma agonists but without an increase in energy expenditure. This study was designed to assess whether PPARgamma-induced UCP1 has any functional impact and, if so, whether it involves sympathetic activity. In a first phase, obese ob/ob C57BL/6J mice and lean controls were treated for 2 wk with the PPARgamma agonist [2-(2-[4-phenoxy-2-propylphenoxy]ethyl)indole-5-acetic acid] (COOH). COOH induced UCP1 expression in brown and white adipose tissues as well as that of other genes associated with substrate oxidation and thermogenesis. However, UCP1 induction did not increase energy expenditure, as assessed by indirect calorimetry and other energy balance measurements. In a second phase, mice received for an additional 2 wk a combination of COOH and the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor (beta(3)-AR) agonist CL-316243 to stimulate the adrenergic signaling pathway and assess whether COOH-induced UCP1 was physiologically functional. The beta(3)-AR agonist stimulated thermogenesis in lean and ob/ob mice, an effect that was much stronger in COOH-pretreated mice, which exhibited lower respiratory quotient, higher oxygen consumption, and marked weight and fat mass loss, compared with mice not pretreated with COOH. These results demonstrate that PPARgamma agonism increases the thermogenic potential of white and brown adipose depots in lean and obese mice. This enhanced capacity leads to increased thermogenesis under beta-adrenergic stimulation, suggesting that the sympathetic drive is blunted by PPARgamma agonism.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,7‐Dimethylthiazolo[4,5‐d]pyradazine‐4‐(5H)‐thione: A Corticotrophin‐Releasing Hormone Type 1 Receptor Agonist. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Deepfake Detection: A Systematic Literature Review (2022)

Over the last few decades, rapid progress in AI, machine learning, and deep learning has resulted in new techniques and various tools for manipulating multimedia. Though the technology has been mostly used in legitimate applications such as for entertainment and education, etc., malicious users have also exploited them for unlawful or nefarious purposes. For example, high-quality and realistic fake videos, images, or audios have been created to spread misinformation and propaganda, foment political discord and hate, or even harass and blackmail people. The manipulated, high-quality and realistic videos have become known recently as Deepfake. Various approaches have since been described in the literature to deal with the problems raised by Deepfake. To provide an updated overview of the research works in Deepfake detection, we conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) in this paper, summarizing 112 relevant articles from 2018 to 2020 that presented a variety of methodologies. We analyze them by grouping them into four different categories: deep learning-based techniques, classical machine learning-based methods, statistical techniques, and blockchain-based techniques. We also evaluate the performance of the detection capability of the various methods with respect to different datasets and conclude that the deep learning-based methods outperform other methods in Deepfake detection.
Structure and Activity of Largazole, a Potent Antiproliferative Agent from the Floridian Marine Cyanobacterium <i>Symploca</i> sp. (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionStructure and Activity of Largazole, a Potent Antiproliferative Agent from the Floridian Marine Cyanobacterium Symploca sp.Kanchan Taori, Valerie J. Paul, and Hendrik Luesch*Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 40, 13506Publication Date (Web):September 10, 2008Publication History Published online10 September 2008Published inissue 8 October 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja806461ehttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja806461ecorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1090Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (65 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Chemical structure,Degradation,Disulfides,Metabolism,Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
From alkaloids to terpenoids: New strategies and tactics for the synthesis of polycyclic natural products (2015)

The chem. synthesis of natural products provides an exciting platform from which to conduct fundamental&#13;\nresearch in chem. and biol. Our lab. has ongoing research programs targeting the chem. syntheses of several&#13;\nnatural products, including members of the epidithiodiketopiperazines, the ent-kauranoids, and the acutumine&#13;\nalkaloids. The densely packed arrays of heteroatoms and stereogenic centers that constitute these polycyclic&#13;\ntargets challenge the limits of current technol. and inspire the development of new synthetic strategies and&#13;\ntactics. This seminar will describe our latest progress in both our methodol. and target-directed synthesis&#13;\nendeavors.
Production Facility Prototype Blower 1000 Hour Test Results IV (2019)

Long duration operations tests of the Aerzen GM 12.4 roots style blower in a closed loop configuration provides valuable data and lessons learned for long-term operation at the Mo-99 production facility. The blower was operated in a closed loop configuration with the flow conditions anticipated in plant operation with a Mo-100 target inline. The additional thermal energy generated from beam heating of the Mo-100 disks was not included in these tests. Twelve long duration 500 to 1000 hour tests have been completed since the first test was performed in January of 2016. All twelve long duration tests have proven successful in exposing preventable issues related to oil and helium leaks. All blower tests to this date have resulted in stable blower performance and consistency. A summary of the results for the end of the ninth test to the twelfth test is included in this report. Complete details for the previous tests are shown in the reports, Production Facility Prototype Blower 1000 Hour Test Results, II, and III.
Oncology emergencies (2015)

Patients with cancer are at risk for multiple life-threatening complications both form their disease as well as treatment. The prepared physician needs to be able to recognize, evaluate and treat these oncological emergencies. This chapter describes the presentation, exam findings, diagnostics and treatment of patients with such conditions.
Re: Effect of Smoking on the Functional Aspects of Sperm and Seminal Plasma Protein Profiles in Patients with Varicocele (2013)

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult Urology1 Jul 2013Re: Effect of Smoking on the Functional Aspects of Sperm and Seminal Plasma Protein Profiles in Patients with Varicocele Craig NiederbergerM.D. Craig NiederbergerCraig Niederberger More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.04.010AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Effect of Smoking on the Functional Aspects of Sperm and Seminal Plasma Protein Profiles in Patients with Varicocele." The Journal of Urology, 190(1), p. 211 © 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 190Issue 1July 2013Page: 211Supplementary Materials Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Craig Niederberger More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Evaluation of quality of service schemes for IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs (2002)

This paper evaluates four mechanisms for providing service differentiation in IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs, the point coordinator function (PCF) of IEEE 802.11, the enhanced distributed coordinator function (EDCF) of the proposed IEEE 802.11e extension to IEEE 802.11, distributed fair scheduling (DFS), and Blackburst using the ns-2 simulator. The metrics used in the evaluation are throughput, medium utilization, collision rate, average access delay, and delay distribution for a variable load of real time and background traffic. The PCF performance is comparably low, while the EDCF performs much better. The best performance is achieved by Blackburst. The DFS provides relative differentiation and consequently avoids starvation of low priority traffic.
3-Ketoacyl-ACP synthase (KAS) III homologues and their roles in natural product biosynthesis (2019)

The 3-ketoacyl-ACP synthase (KAS) III proteins are one of the most abundant enzymes in nature, as they are involved in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and natural products. KAS III enzymes catalyse a carbon-carbon bond formation reaction that involves the α-carbon of a thioester and the carbonyl carbon of another thioester. In addition to the typical KAS III enzymes involved in fatty acid and polyketide biosynthesis, there are proteins homologous to KAS III enzymes that catalyse reactions that are different from that of the traditional KAS III enzymes. Those include enzymes that are responsible for a head-to-head condensation reaction, the formation of acetoacetyl-CoA in mevalonate biosynthesis, tailoring processes <i>via</i> C-O bond formation or esterification, as well as amide formation. This review article highlights the diverse reactions catalysed by this class of enzymes and their role in natural product biosynthesis.
Sexually transmitted acute infection with a clustered genotype 4 hepatitis C virus in HIV-1-infected men and inefficacy of early antiviral therapy (2006)

There is a risk of sexual transmission of HCV in HIV-infected men who have sex with men; the cluster of HCV genotype 4d suggested a common source of infection and a failure in prevention counselling. Early treatment with standard interferon-alfa failed to prevent chronic evolution of HCV infection in this particular group of HIV-infected patients who had acquired this peculiar cluster of genotype 4 strains.
Cellular Networks With Vehicular Relay Nodes: Capacity, Coverage, and Scalability (2019)

A new deployment scheme proposes to leverage the on-board connectivity capabilities of vehicles and turn them (while they are parked) to vehicular relay nodes (VeRNs). The use of on-street parked vehicles as relays within the cellular network is compelling as it can reduce the investments of the operators in deploying infrastructure while increasing the coverage and capacity of the network. Thus, overcoming the exponential growth in users' data demand in a more cost-effective manner compared to traditional fixed infrastructure based deployments. Due to the dynamic nature of vehicles, there are challenges in the analysis and operations of this network. This is due to the fact that current analysis methods assume that the infrastructure is fixed. Thus, in this paper, we develop analytical tools to investigate the gain of utilizing VeRNs. We derive closed-form approximation expressions for two types of analysis, relevant for cellular deployments: a user focused analysis and a VeRN focused analysis. These results can be used for planning and operations of the system. Our extensive simulations show the accuracy and flexibility of our analysis scheme, as well as the high potential of VeRNs as a layer in cellular deployments. Furthermore, we demonstrate and investigate a unique scalability property of this deployment scheme.
A Fusion between Domains of the Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Maize 27 kD γ-Zein Accumulates to High Levels in the Endoplasmic Reticulum without Forming Protein Bodies in Transgenic Tobacco (2016)

Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (hBMP2) is an osteoinductive agent physiologically involved in bone remodeling processes. A commercialized recombinant hBMP2 produced in mammalian cell lines is available in different clinical applications where bone regeneration is needed, but widespread use has been hindered due to an unfavorable cost/effective ratio. Protein bodies are very large insoluble protein polymers that originate within the endoplasmic reticulum by prolamine accumulation during the cereal seed development. The N-terminal domain of the maize prolamin 27 kD γ-zein is able to promote protein body biogenesis when fused to other proteins. To produce high yield of recombinant hBMP2 active domain (ad) in stably transformed tobacco plants we have fused it to the γ-zein domain. We show that this zein-hBMP2ad fusion is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum without forming insoluble protein bodies. The accumulation levels are above 1% of total soluble leaf proteins, indicating that it could be a rapid and suitable strategy to produce hBMP2ad at affordable costs.
&lt;title&gt;Volumetric three-dimensional display using projection CRT&lt;/title&gt; (2002)

Volumetric 3D display systems have been expected to be able to reproduce natural view without eye fatigue. We have developed a prototype of the volumetric 3D monochromatic display system. It consists of a flat screen rotating at the speed of 1200 rpm(rotations per minute) and a synchronized projection engine. The projection engine can project 300 image slices per one rotation of the screen, so that we can see the continuous real three-dimensional image by residual images to human eyes. For this prototype, we use a 7 inch green projection CRT that is used in projection TVs as a two-dimensional image engine. In order to rapidly scan 3D display space, vector (random) scanning rather than normal raster scanning is used. We specially designed a lenticular type screen that has such a shape as to achieve constant gain over 180 degrees horizontal viewing angle. To collimate and redirect the light rays, Fresnel lenses and projection lens system are used, and to hide mirrors from viewer's viewing zone, off-axis optics are used. To obtain a stable volumetric three-dimensional image, the projected two-dimensional images and the positions of the screen should be synchronized. We devise a new algorithm that reconstructs the contour data of image slices from real three-dimensional shape. Vibration and noise is minimized. Brightness is not a problem and high enough resolution for relatively simple images can be achieved. A new version of full color and the higher resolution is on the way.
Activatable Nanoprobes for Molecular Imaging of Cancer (2006)

Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. Drezek, "Activatable Nanoprobes for Molecular Imaging of Cancer," in Biomedical Optics, Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2006), paper SB5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
TGF-β1 Induces Accumulation of Dendritic Cells in the Odontoblast Layer (2003)

TGF-beta1 released from dentin degraded by bacterial or iatrogenic agents is suspected to influence dental pulp response, including the modulation of cell migration. To determine the consequences of TGF-beta1 action on pulp immune cells, we analyzed, by immunohistochemistry, the effect of transdentinally diffusing TGF-beta1 on their localization in a human tooth slice culture model. TGF-beta1 induced an accumulation of HLA-DR-positive cells in both odontoblast and subodontoblast layers of the stimulated zone. Together with HLA-DR, these cells co-expressed Factor XIIIa and CD68, two features of immature antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DC), as well as the TGF-beta1 specific receptor TbetaRII. In contrast, no effect could be detected on the localization of either mature DC-LAMP-positive DC or of T- and B-lymphocytes. Analysis of these data suggests that TGF-beta1 released from dentin degraded by bacterial or iatrogenic agents could be involved in the immune response of the dental pulp resulting from tooth injury.
Ratio attribute in the tau-p domain for reliable detection of 4D signature (2014)

Summary Capturing small variations in subsurface rock properties in time-lapse seismology (4D) is a challenging task. The magnitude of non-repeatable or 4D noise can be at the same level or higher than the physical changes in the reservoir, hindering 4D analysis of time varying properties such as pressure, saturation and temperature. We introduce a ratio method which mitigates 4D noise caused by near-surface conditions and helps recover the true reservoir response over time. The method is based on amplitude ratios of events above and at the reservoir in the delay time-slowness (tau-p) domain where angle-dependent reflection/transmission coefficients for each layer are fundamentally functions of ray-parameter. The ratio attribute is then used as a direct 4D indicator with minimal overburden effects. The method is applied to numerical models to show that an expected 5% change in the 4D signal is successfully recovered even in the presence of 25% 4D noise. Real data application shows that for survey data with no expected 4D signal, but significant near surface changes, the ratio attribute can greatly reduce the 4D noise.
Characterization of the metabolic shift between oxidative and fermentative growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by comparative 13C flux analysis (2005)

We conclude that, in order to overcome the limited capacity of pyruvate dehydrogenase, S. cerevisiae possesses different metabolic by-passes to channel carbon into the mitochondrion. This involves the conversion of cytosolic pyruvate either into acetyl CoA or oxaloacetate followed by intercompartmental transport of these metabolites. During oxidative growth mainly the NAD specific isoforms of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase catalyze the corresponding reactions in S. cerevisiae, whereas NADPH supply under fermentative conditions involves significant contribution of sources other than the PPP such as e. g. NADPH specific acetaldehyde dehydrogenase or isocitrate dehydrogenase.