gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Total Syntheses of Amphidinolide H and G (2007)

Eureka! The first conquest of the exceptionally potent cytotoxic agent amphidinolide H, which exhibits activity in the picomolar range against human epidermoid cancer cells, was long overdue. The successful route critically hinges upon the scrupulous optimization of the fragment-coupling events (see picture; RCM=ring-closing metathesis) and on the careful adjustment of the peripheral protecting-group pattern. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z704024_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Quantifying Prediction Uncertainty in Regression using Random Fuzzy Sets: the ENNreg model (2023)

&lt;p&gt;We introduce a neural network model for regression in which prediction uncertainty is quantified by Gaussian random fuzzy numbers (GRFNs), a newly introduced family of random fuzzy subsets of the real line that generalizes both Gaussian random variables and Gaussian possibility distributions. The output GRFN is constructed by combining GRFNs induced by prototypes using a combination operator that generalizes Dempster's rule of Evidence Theory. The three output units indicate the most plausible value of the response variable, variability around this value, and epistemic uncertainty. The network is trained by minimizing a loss function that generalizes the negative log-likelihood. Comparative experiments show that this method is competitive, both in terms of prediction accuracy and calibration error, with state-of-the-art techniques such as random forests or deep learning with Monte Carlo dropout. In addition, the model outputs a predictive belief function that can be shown to be calibrated, in the sense that it allows us to compute conservative prediction intervals with specified belief degree.&lt;/p&gt;
Compact differential gravimeter at the quantum projection-noise limit (2022)

Atom interferometry offers new perspectives for geophysics and inertial sensing. We present the industrial prototype of a quantum-based instrument: a compact, transportable, differential quantum gravimeter capable of measuring simultaneously the absolute values of both gravitational acceleration $g$ and its vertical gradient ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{zz}$. While the sensitivity to $g$ is competitive with the best industrial gravimeters, the sensitivity on ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{zz}$ reaches the limit set by quantum projection noise---leading to a long-term stability of $0.1\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{E}$ ($1\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{E}=1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$). This dual-purpose instrument constitutes the industrial integration of cold atom sensors for practical applications. It paves the way for different applications in geophysics, civil engineering, and gravity-aided navigation, where accurate mapping of the gravitational field plays an important role.
Occupational injuries among pediatric orthopedic surgeons (2017)

In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed all pediatric orthopedic surgeons in Saudi Arabia using an anonymous electronic questionnaire composed of 23 items to identify the rate of occupational injuries and obtain other relevant information. Thirty-nine participants completed the questionnaire (response rate: 83%). Participants who sustained occupational injuries throughout their careers represented 82.5%. The most injured areas were the hands, eyes, and back by 54.5%, 24.2%, and 15.2%, respectively. Approximately 11.1% were injured while operating on infected patients. Approximately 30.3% reported their injuries to their institution. We concluded that the rate of occupational injuries among pediatric orthopedic surgeons is very high and underreported.
Humane Biomaterialbanken mit großem Informationsgehalt (2017)

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die Sammlung humanen Gewebes in Form einer Biobank birgt einen großen Informationsgehalt für verschiedenste wissenschaftliche Fragestellungen. Die „DZD Human Islet Biobank“ enthält pankreatisches Gewebe von metabolisch charakterisierten Patienten, die einer kompletten oder teilweisen Pankreatektomie unterzogen wurden. Um das Diabetesrisiko bzw. den Diabetesrisikostatus eines Patienten abzuschätzen, ermitteln die Forscher mit spezifischen Voruntersuchungen den individuellen Glukosetoleranzstatus. Zudem untersuchen sie die genetischen und funktionellen Eigenschaften der pankreatischen Inselzellen, welche Hormone ausschütten, die im direkten Zusammenhang mit der Blutglukoseregulation stehen. Direkte vergleichende Analysen humaner Proben nicht diabetischer, prädiabetischer und diabetischer Probanden können dazu beitragen, Biomarker zu identifizieren, die mit der Anfälligkeit für die Entwicklung sowie dem Fortschreiten des Diabetes korrelieren, wodurch sie für die Früherkennung oder die Entwicklung neuer blutglukosesenkender Therapien nutzbar wären.
HIV-1 in postmortem brain tissue from patients with AIDS (1992)

Although the isolation technique was the most sensitive of the three techniques tested, infected cells may be identified with in situ hybridization in conjunction with immunohistochemistry.
Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership Phase III Overview of Accomplishments (SECARB Phase III Final Report) (2021)

The Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration Program (SECARB) is a carbon management program established in 2003 and managed by the Southern States Energy Board (SSEB). SECARB is one of seven regional carbon sequestration partnerships formed by the Department of Energy (DOE). The seven partnerships form a national network of more than 400 organizations covering 43 states and four Canadian provinces with expertise in the areas of carbon capture, transportation, and storage. The SECARB program was funded by DOE and cost-sharing partners. The primary goal of SECARB was to identify major sources of carbon emissions, characterize the geology of a 13-state region, determine the most promising options for commercial deployment of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) sequestration technologies in the South, and validate the technology options through carefully executed field testing through 2017. This report summarizes significant Phase III accomplishments and is organized by task as established within the SECARB Phase III Statement of Project Objectives (SOPO). This document does not provide an exhaustive overview of individual tasks. Rather, this report provides an overview of programmatic accomplishments and a timeline of events. Where applicable, hyperlinks to specific project deliverables are provided.
Erratum: A High-speed Measurement System for Treadmill Spherical Motion in Virtual Reality for Mice and a Robust Rotation Axis Estimation Algorithm Based on Spherical Geometry [IPSJ Transactions on Bioinformatics Vol.16 pp.1-12] (2023)

p.4 left column:Let Mn be the position vector of each optical mouse with respect to the center O of the treadmill sphere (white circle in Figure 3).Consider a vector extending from O by translating the tangent vector Tn of the motion.These normalized outer products (multiplied by the radius r of the spherical treadmill) are expressed as:
Integrated-photonic generation of general EPR-states (2015)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Gräfe, R. Heilmann, S. Nolte, and A. Szameit, "Integrated-photonic generation of general EPR-states," in CLEO: 2015, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2015), paper JW2A.14. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Efficient Data Trading and Storage in Internet of Vehicles using Consortium Blockchain (2020)

The radically increasing amount and enormous types of data generated by vehicles have brought in the innovated application of data trading in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). However, the trustless environment in IoV enabled data trading faces conflicting interests and disputes of trading parties. To build trust, we exploit consortium blockchain for secure data trading with information transparency. In addition, a hash list of traded data is maintained by roadside units accompanied by bloom filters for fast lookup, to avoid data duplication. The reliability and integrity of trading data are ensured by using the digital signature scheme based on elliptic curve bilinear pairing. For long term availability of traded data, an external distributed storage, i.e., InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) can provide reliable, high capacity storage resources. The experimental results verified that our proposed solution is efficient for data trading in IoV and reliable for long term availability of data storage.
Genetic Factors Associated with Morphine Consumption in Women Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Prospective Cohort Study (2023)

This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04621864. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04621864.
Low-Delay Error Resilient Speech Coding Using Sub-band Hilbert Envelopes (2008)

Reference LIDIAP-REPORT-2008-005 URL: http://publications.idiap.ch/downloads/reports/2008/Ganapathy_Idiap-RR-75-2008.pdf Record created on 2010-02-11, modified on 2017-05-10
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 from patient fecal samples by whole genome sequencing (2021)

These results highlight the potential viability of SARS-CoV-2 in feces, its ongoing mutational accumulation, and its possible role in fecal-oral transmission. This study also elucidates the advantages of SARS-CoV-2 enrichment NGS, which may be a key methodology to document complete viral eradication. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04359836, Registered 24 April 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04359836?term=NCT04359836&draw=2&rank=1 ).
Adult Deformity Correction Through Minimally Invasive Lateral Approach Techniques (2010)

The current expertise of minimally invasive techniques in the management of adult spinal deformity is exponentially evolving, yet even the preliminary outcomes seem quite promising. Acknowledging the details of meticulous surgical technique and local anatomy (e.g., lumbosacral plexus and blood vessels) is the essential key to improving outcomes and reducing the risk of complications.
Nucleosomal DNA binding drives the recognition of H3K36-methylated nucleosomes by the PSIP1-PWWP domain (2013)

Concerted binding to the methylated histone tail and nucleosomal DNA underlies the high- affinity, specific recognition of H3K36me nucleosomes by the PSIP1-PWWP domain. We propose that this bipartite binding mechanism is a distinctive and general property in the recognition of histone modifications close to the nucleosome core.
Nutraceutical and Therapeutic Properties of Edible Super Food: Pumpkin Seeds - A Review (2021)

Pumpkin seeds, despite their small size, are loaded with enough nutrients necessary to protect the human body against various health issues. Pumpkin seeds, also called as “Pepita” can be incorporated easily into the diet. They are good sources of minerals like magnesium, zinc and amino acid tryptophan, which helps to promote good sleep. They also have high tocopherol content, which makes them a rich source of antioxidants. Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, diterpenes, saponins, and phenols. High dietary fiber content in these seeds help reduce the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure (hypertension), type 2 diabetes and obesity. Gas chromatographic analysis of the pumpkin seed oil (PSO) showed that the linoleic (39.84%), oleic (38.42%), palmitic (10.68%) and stearic (8.67%) acids were the major fatty acids present in PSO. Studies revealed that PSO can be a valuable source of edible oil due to their high poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content when compared to other vegetable oils. Besides this, bioactive compounds from the pumpkin seeds are known for their anthelmintic, antidiabetic, antidepressant, antioxidant, anti-atherogenic, hypolipidemic, immunomodulator, antitumor, and cytoprotective properties. United States Pharmacopoeia had included pumpkin seeds as an official medicine for parasite elimination from 1863 to 1936. Literature studies revealed that pumpkin seeds can be used as a traditional and functional food ingredient provided further animal and clinical investigations are carried out to establish the respective molecular mechanisms. The present paper reviews about the nutraceutical and therapeutic applications of this super food.
The PETcoil project: PET performance evaluation of two detector modules for a second generation RF-penetrable TOF-PET brain dedicated insert for simultaneous PET/MRI (2023)

<i>Objective</i>. We are developing a portable, 'RF-penetrable', brain-dedicated time of flight (TOF)-PET insert (PETcoil) for simultaneous PET/MRI.<i>Approach</i>. In this paper, we evaluate the PET performance of two fully assembled detector modules for this insert design outside the MR room.<i>Main results</i>. The global coincidence time resolution, global 511 keV energy resolution, coincidence count rate, and detector temperature achieved over 2 h data collection were 242.2 ± 0.4 ps full width at half maximum (FWHM), 11.19% ± 0.02% FWHM, 22.0 ± 0.1 kcps, and 23.5 °C ± 0.3 °C, respectively. The intrinsic spatial resolutions in the axial and transaxial directions were 2.74 ± 0.01 mm FWHM and 2.88 ± 0.03 mm FWHM, respectively.<i>Significance</i>. These results demonstrate excellent TOF capability and the performance and stability necessary for scaling up to a full ring comprising 16 detector modules.
The Immunologic Profile of Anesthetists (1989)

Reports in the literature have suggested possible impairment of immunocompetence in operating theater personnel. In a group of 18 physician anesthesiologists the following were determined: hemoglobin concentration; white blood cell count; numbers of T, B, and natural killer (NK) lymphocytes; number of T-active cells; and numbers of T-helper/inducer (Th) and T-suppressor/cytotoxic (Ts) cells; and the Th/Ts ratio. Function of T lymphocytes was evaluated using the local xenogeneic graft-versus-host reaction and spontaneous suppressor or helper activity of T cells. The same parameters were determined in a group of 18 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. It was found that no matter what their age or how long they have been engaged in anesthetic practice, anesthetists show no immunosuppression as evidenced by these parameters.
Backside infrared probing for static voltage drop and dynamic timing measurements (2002)

Due to the increased number of metal layers and flip-chip packaging, most high-performance microprocessors use optical solutions to probe internal nodes from the backside of the die. Existing probing systems use a focused infrared (1.064/spl mu/m) laser to probe internal diffusions from the backside of a chip thinned down to 100/spl mu/m. However, this optical probing setup does not provide accurate information about DC voltage levels. Also, because of the stroboscopic sampling used in laser probing, jitter measurements are difficult. This approach overcomes these limitations using alternative optical non-invasive techniques based on the infrared radiation emitted by hot electrons in saturated nMOS transistors under both static bias and switching conditions.
Evaluation of Micro-HPLC and Various Stationary Phases in Reversed-Phase Mode for the Separation of Styrene Oligomers (1983)

Abstract The potential of the micro-HPLC technique and various reversed-phase packing materials for the separation of styrene oligomers is evaluated. The results indicate that longer carbon chains and/or copolymer materials with small-diameter particles are superior to other type packings for the separation of oligomers with methanol as mobile phase. Micro-HPLC promises the possibility of separating conformational isomers of styrene oligomers.
Frequent patient retraining at home reduces the risks of peritoneal dialysis-related infections: A randomised study (2018)

The present study, entitled Trial on Education And Clinical outcomes for Home PD patients (TEACH), investigated the effect of frequent retraining at home on the outcomes of peritoneal dialysis (PD). TEACH is a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled trial with parallel arms. Patients starting PD were randomized into either the conventional retraining group (CG) or the frequent retraining group (FG). Patients in the FG were given more frequent home visits for retraining. The primary endpoint was exit site infection (ESI). Secondary endpoints were peritonitis, any PD-related infections, hospitalization, technique failure, and patient survival. A generalised estimating equations (GEE) approach was employed for the adjusted effect of training level on the outcomes. Cox regression was employed for peritonitis and other secondary outcomes. The subjects were randomised to either the FG (n = 51) or the CG (n = 53). Although the time of initial training did not differ between the 2 groups, the total time of training was longer and the frequency of training visits was higher in the FG. In the GEE model, the p-values for interactions between groups and time were significant for both ESI and any PD-related infections, suggesting that the event rates of the two groups significantly changed over time. The event rates for the FG decreased over time, and the event rates for the CG increased after month 12. In the older subgroup (age ≥ 60), frequent retraining had a significant effect in the risk reduction of the first episode of peritonitis (adjusted HR 0.01 [0.001-0.35], p = 0.01). Frequent retraining at home reduced the risk of PD-related infections.
International comparison of depth-setting standards (1997)

Measurements of depth-setting standards, carried out at nine national metrology laboratories within the framework of EUROMET project No. 301, are compared. The objects used for this comparison take the form of chromium-coated silicon substrates with rectangular grooves of 0,1 mm and 0,01 mm width and nominal depths from 30 nm to 3200 nm. For the calibration several stylus instruments, and interference microscopes based on different measuring principles, were used. The comparison shows that the participating laboratories are able, in general, to determine the groove depth with uncertainties ranging from a few nanometres for a groove of 30 nm nominal depth to some tens of nanometres for a groove of 3200 nm. At 3200 nm the scatter of measurements between the participants is characterized by a standard deviation of 40 nm, a value considered unsatisfactory for calibrations at a primary level.
Helical versus All-Trans Conformations of Oligo(ethylene glycol)-Terminated Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers (2014)

The complex mixture of conformational states exhibited by oligo(ethylene glycol)-terminated alkanethiols on Ag and Au surfaces is explored by polarization-dependent X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Three self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with known helical or all-trans conformations are used as references to characterize a SAM with unknown conformations. This case study is used as a prototype for developing a systematic framework to extract the conformations of SAMs from the polarization dependence of several orbitals. In the case at hand, these are associated with the C-H/Rydberg bonds of the alkane, the C-H/Rydberg bonds of ethylene glycol, and the C-C bonds of the backbone. The C-H/Rydberg orbitals of the alkane and ethylene glycol are distinguished via the chemical shift of the corresponding C 1s core levels.
Microfluidic Biosensor Based on an Array of Hydrogel-Entrapped Enzymes (2005)

Here we show that a microfluidic sensor based on an array of hydrogel-entrapped enzymes can be used to simultaneously detect different concentrations of the same analyte (glucose) or multiple analytes (glucose and galactose) in real time. The concentration of paraoxon, an acetylcholine esterase inhibitor, can be quantified using the same approach. The hydrogel micropatch arrays and the microfluidic systems are easy to fabricate, and the hydrogels provide a convenient, biocompatible matrix for the enzymes. Isolation of the micropatches within different microfluidic channels eliminates the possibility of cross talk between enzymes.
Local Angle Domain in Seismic Imaging (2007)

Imaging systems involve interaction of two wave-fields at the image points (elements): incident and reflected/diffracted. Each wave-field can be decomposed into local plane-waves (or rays) indicating the direction of propagation. The direction of the incident and the reflected/diffracted rays can be conventionally described by two polar angles, respectively. Each polar angle includes two components: dip and azimuth. Therefore, a set of four scalar angles is required to define an angle domain imaging system at a given image point. Ray-based and wave-equation angle-domain migrations deal with systems in which at each image point both the incident and the reflected wave-field are composed of a wide range of directions. The imaging stage involves combination of ray pairs (or pairs of local plane waves) indicating the incident and reflected/diffracted rays. Each ray pair maps seismic data, recorded on the free surface, into the four-dimensional Local Angle Domain (LAD) space. In our notation, these angles are dip and azimuth of the ray-pair normal, opening angle and opening azimuth. We establish relationships between the directions of the ray pairs and the LAD angles. We consider a general case of transverse isotropy with tilted axis of symmetry (TTI) and waves or converted waves.
Glucose and insulin co-regulate the glucose transport system in primary cultured adipocytes: a new mechanism of insulin resistance (1987)

We have previously shown in primary cultured rat adipocytes that insulin acts at receptor and multiple postreceptor sites to decrease insulin’s subsequent ability to stimulate glucose transport. The study presented here was undertaken to examine whether D-glucose can regulate glucose transport activity, and whether it plays a role in insulin-induced resistance.
Long-Term Trends in the Public Perception of Artificial Intelligence (2017)

Analyses of text corpora over time can reveal trends in beliefs, interest, and sentiment about a topic. We focus on views expressed about artificial intelligence (AI) in the New York Times over a 30-year period. General interest, awareness, and discussion about AI has waxed and waned since the field was founded in 1956. We present a set of measures that captures levels of engagement, measures of pessimism and optimism, the prevalence of specific hopes and concerns, and topics that are linked to discussions about AI over decades. We find that discussion of AI has increased sharply since 2009, and that these discussions have been consistently more optimistic than pessimistic. However, when we examine specific concerns, we find that worries of loss of control of AI, ethical concerns for AI, and the negative impact of AI on work have grown in recent years. We also find that hopes for AI in healthcare and education have increased over time.