gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of strain softening on the ultimate strength and stability of flexible frames. (1991)

The principal role of any structural connection is to transfer forces safely between the various components meeting at that joint. Therefore, it is important for these connections to provide adequate structural strength to resist the loads and possess the necessary ductility to deform as the structure resists the loads. Local buckling or distortion of cross-section due to the complexities and irregularities in geometry of many types of connections of found to be a source of softening in the moment-rotation behavior of some kinds of connections and has an effect on the maximum load-carrying capacity of steel structures. In this study, a computer program is developed for the analysis of flexibly jointed frames. The connections are represented by nonlinear spring elements at the ends of members. An elastic-plastic hinge plane frame analysis including the effect of nonlinear connection behavior is presented to predict the ultimate load-carrying capacity of steel frames with sufficient accuracy. Members between plastic hinges are assumed to behave elastically. The nonlinear moment-rotation behavior of the connection is represented by a four parameters Richard model. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of connections with a strain softening behavior on the ultimate strength and stability of flexible frames. Further studies include the effect of connection flexibility on the drift of multi-story frames. The result of the analysis shows that the drift in multi-story frames can be reduced by increasing the stiffness of the connections used in the structure. Numerical studies of frames made using the developed computer program are presented. Observations regarding the effects of flexible connections on the strength and deflection of steel framed structures are discussed. The proposed analyses considering flexible joints using Richard model to represent the connection behavior were found to be simple and accurate.
<i>In Vivo</i>Monitoring of a Fluorescently Labeled Antibody in Mice With Breast Cancer Xenografts (2008)

Following the uptake kinetics of a monoclonal antibody cancer therapy in vivo is addressed in this study via the use of a surface probe to assay a fluorescent label attached to the antibody. Female NCr-nu athymic mice were implanted with cells from a human breast cancer MCF7HER2 line that over expresses clinically relevant levels of the HER2/neu protein. Herceptin (trastuzumab) and a negative control antibody for mouse IgG Ab-1 were labeled with Alexa Fluor 647 fluorescent dye and the mice received a single bolus injection (tail vein) of one of the two antibodies. The relative signal in the tumor region was compared with that from normal tissue and a ratio of the signal levels was recorded as a function of time. As expected, Herceptin was found to concentrate in the HER2+ tumors (high tumor-to-normal ratio), whereas the tumor-to-normal ratio for the negative control antibody was flat in time and close to unity. It is suggested that fluorescence assays of this type might be possible in vivo in humans using a telemetric, implantable version of the probe used in this study.
Spatially resolved photochemical coding of reversibly anchored cysteine-rich domains (2017)

We present a novel methodology to generate recodable surfaces using cysteine-rich domains (CRD) via a combination of photolithography and reversible covalently peptide-driven disulfide formation. Therefore, two 21mer CRD peptide derivatives were synthesized, one bearing an electron deficient fumarate group for immobilization via nitrile imine-ene mediated cycloaddition (NITEC) to a tetrazole-functional surface. Secondly, a bromine moiety is introduced to the CRD for analytic labelling purposes to detect surface encoding. The photolithography is conducted by selectively passivating the surface with a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-fumarate via NITEC using a photomask in a dotted pattern. Consecutively, the CRD-fumarate is immobilized via NITEC adjacent to the PEG-functional areas to the unaffected tetrazole covered surface layer. Subsequently, the CRD-bromide is covalently linked to the CRD-fumarate by forming disulfide bonds under mild reoxidative conditions in a buffer solution. The CRD-bromide is released from the surface upon reduction to recover the prior state of the surface without the bromine marker. The analysis of the CRD precursors is based on electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The surface analytics were carried out via time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), unambiguously verifying the successful immobilization as well as coding and decoding of the CRD-bromide on the surface based on dynamically reversible disulfide bond formation.
Fixed-bed gasification research using US coals. Volume 7. Gasification of Piney Tipple bituminous coal (1985)

A single-staged, fixed-bed Wellman-Galusha gasifier coupled with a hot, raw gas combustion system and scrubber has been used to gasify numerous coals from throughout the United States. The gasification test program is organized as a cooperative effort by private industrial participants and governmental agencies. The consortium of participants is organized under the Mining and Industrial Fuel Gas (MIFGa) Group. This report is the seventh volume in a series of reports describing the atmospheric pressure, fixed-bed gasification of US coals. This specific report describes the gasification of Piney Tipple bituminous coal. The period of the gasification test was July 18-24, 1983. 6 refs., 20 figs., 17 tabs.
Calcaneal (Os calcis) fractures (2008)

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Review of Texture Measurement of Object Surface by Tactile Sensor with Inclined Micro-cantilevers (2013)

A measurement method of surface texture of objects using active touching of a tactile sensor which has inclined micro-cantilevers with strain gauge film on Si has been reviewed. The fabricated tactile sensors have an ability of detecting roughness of more than ∼20μm, and they can detect striped pattern on the Japanese banknote. Various kinds of blank paper which have different properties including hardness, friction coefficient, and surface roughness were identified using output from the fabricated tactile sensor. The feature quantities which depend on paper properties were defined from the resistance change by pushing, moving, and stopping of the sensor. The papers were classified in four clusters by principal component analysis of defined feature quantities.
Robust controller design using H/sub ∞/ loop-shaping and the method of inequalities (2002)

A new approach to robust controller design is proposed. By using plant weighting functions as the design parameters, the approach combines the method of inequalities with robust stabilization of normalized coprime factor descriptions of the weighted plant to design explicitly for closed-loop performance and stability robustness. A procedure for the design of robust, two degree-of-freedom controllers is presented, and is illustrated on a high-purity distillation column example.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Global profiles of compressional ultralow frequency wave power at geosynchronous orbit and their response to the solar wind (2007)

We investigate the global local‐time profiles of compressional wave power in three ultralow frequency (ULF) bands corresponding to Pc3, Pc4, and Pc5 pulsations using magnetic field data from the geosynchronous GOES satellites. The global power profiles of the three frequency bands are studied for low, moderate, and high levels of geomagnetic activity based on the Dst index. We also consider the seasonal variation of the ULF power profiles, as well as the effects of solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) parameters. For high geomagnetic activity, we find that the greatest power is associated with compressional Pc5 pulsations in the afternoon sector; for low geomagnetic activity, ULF power levels are consistently highest in the tail region. A summer power minimum in all three frequency bands is observed in our study of seasonal variation, while higher power levels occur around local midnight throughout the year. The enhancement of ULF power by high solar wind velocity and pressure is greater for the lower‐frequency waves. Furthermore, solar wind plasma parameters have a significantly greater influence on ULF wave power than IMF parameters like cone angle and northward/southward orientation.
GENETICS, PHYSIOLOGY, AND EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS OF THE GENUS <i>BUCHNERA</i>: Intracellular Symbionts of Aphids (1995)

Evolutionary studies suggest that 200-250 million years ago an aphid ancestor was infected with a free-living eubacterium. The latter became established within aphid cells. Host and endosymbiont (genus Buchnera) became interdependent and unable to survive without each other. The growth of Buchnera became integrated with that of the aphids, which acquired the endosymbionts from their mothers before birth. Speciation of host lineages was paralleled by divergence of associated endosymbiont lineages, resulting in parallel evolution of Buchnera and aphids. Present day Buchnera retains many of the properties of its free-living ancestor, containing genes for proteins involved in DNA replication, transcription, and translation, as well as chaperonins and proteins involved in secretion, energy-yielding metabolism, and amino acid biosynthesis. Some of these processes are also observed in isolated endosymbiont cells. Genetic and physiological studies indicate that Buchnera can synthesize methionine, cysteine, and tryptophan and supply these amino acids to the aphid host. In the case of some fast-growing species of aphids, the overproduction of tryptophan by Buchnera involves plasmid-amplification of the gene coding for anthranilate synthase, the first enzyme of the tryptophan biosynthetic pathway. These recent studies provide a beginning in our understanding of Buchnera and its role in the endosymbiosis with aphids.
Medical mobile technologies – what is needed for a sustainable and scalable implementation on a global scale? (2017)

Current advances within medical technology show great potential from a global health perspective. Inexpensive, effective solutions to common problems within diagnostics, medical procedures and access to medical information are emerging within almost all fields of medicine. The innovations can benefit health care both in resource-limited and in resource-rich settings. However, there is a big gap between the proof-of-concept stage and implementation. This article will give examples of promising solutions, with special focus on mobile image- and sensor-based diagnostics. We also discuss how technology and frugal innovations could be made sustainable and widely available. Finally, a list of critical factors for success is presented, based on both our own experiences and the literature.
45-nm Planar bulk-CMOS 23-GHz LNAs with high-Q above-IC inductors (2010)

Two 23 GHz low-noise amplifier (LNA) have been designed and implemented by 45 nm planar bulk-CMOS technology with high-Q above-IC inductors. In the designed LNAs, the structure of cascode amplifier with source inductive degeneration is used. All high-Q above-IC inductors have been implemented by thin-film wafer-level packaging (WLP) technology. The fabricated one-stage LNA has a good linearity where the input 1 dB compression point (IP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1dB</sub> ) is -9.5 dBm and the input referred third-order intercept point (P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">IIP3</sub> ) is +2.25 dBm. It is operated with a 1 V power supply drawing a current of only 3.6 mA. The fabricated one-stage LNA has demonstrated a 4 dB noise figure (NF) and a 7.1 dB gain at the peak gain frequency of 23 GHz. Moreover, the fabricated two-stage LNA has the IP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1dB</sub> of -16 dBm and the P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">IIP3</sub> of -4.2 dBm. It drains 9.3 mA from 1-V power supply. This two-stage LNA has demonstrated a 4.4 dB NF and a 11.6 dB gain at the peak gain frequency of 23.4 GHz. The fabricated one-stage LNA has the highest figure-of-merit (FOM). The experimental results have proved the suitability of 45 nm gate length planar bulk-CMOS devices for RF ICs above 20 GHz.
Supplementary Table S2 from Association of Prostate Cancer Risk Loci with Disease Aggressiveness and Prostate Cancer–Specific Mortality (2023)

Supplementary Table S2 from Association of Prostate Cancer Risk Loci with Disease Aggressiveness and Prostate Cancer–Specific Mortality
Supplementary Figure 3 from &lt;i&gt;MET&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;KRAS&lt;/i&gt; Gene Amplification Mediates Acquired Resistance to MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from &lt;i&gt;MET&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;KRAS&lt;/i&gt; Gene Amplification Mediates Acquired Resistance to MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Neutron Wave Propagation Experiment in a Heterogeneous System of Plane Lattice (1969)

Measurements of neutron pulse propagation were carried out in heterogeneous systems of plane lattices constituted of alternate plane layers of graphite and hydrogeneous materials (either paraffin or meta-acrylite). The effective diffusion parameters, diffusion length and diffusion coefficient for neutron propagation parallel and perpendicular to the layers of propagating medium were derived from measured complex relaxation lengths. An elementary method of theoretical analysis is given, based on the P-1 equation with space dependent cross sections. Dispersion laws for parallel and perpendicular propagation are derived in the form of determinants of matrices. The complex inverse relaxation lengths for the experimental systems taken up have been calculated, which agree fairly well with the experimental results reported in terms of effective diffusion parameters.
Targeting bacterial adherence inhibits multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection following burn injury (2016)

Classical antimicrobial drugs target proliferation and therefore place microbes under extreme selective pressure to evolve resistance. Alternative drugs that target bacterial virulence without impacting survival directly offer an attractive solution to this problem, but to date few such molecules have been discovered. We previously discovered a widespread group of bacterial adhesins, termed Multivalent Adhesion Molecules (MAMs) that are essential for initial binding of bacteria to host tissues and virulence. Thus, targeting MAM-based adherence is a promising strategy for displacing pathogens from host tissues and inhibiting infection. Here, we show that topical application of polymeric microbeads functionalized with the adhesin MAM7 to a burn infected with multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa substantially decreased bacterial loads in the wound and prevented the spread of the infection into adjacent tissues. As a consequence, the application of this adhesion inhibitor allowed for vascularization and wound healing, and maintained local and systemic inflammatory responses to the burn. We propose that MAM7-functionalized microbeads can be used as a topical treatment, to reduce bacterial attachment and hence prevent bacterial colonization and infection of wounds. As adhesion is not required for microbial survival, this anti-infective strategy has the potential to treat multidrug-resistant infections and limit the emergence of drug-resistant pathogens.
Supplementary Table 2 from Cost Effectiveness of Whole Population BRCA Genetic Screening for Cancer Prevention in Israel (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 2 breast cancer treatment costs&lt;/p&gt;
Application of Metabolic 13C Labeling in Conjunction with High-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Comparative Conformational Analysis of High Mannose-Type Oligosaccharides (2013)

High mannose-type oligosaccharides are enzymatically trimmed in the endoplasmic reticulum, resulting in various processing intermediates with exposed glycotopes that are recognized by a series of lectins involved in glycoprotein fate determination in cells. Although recent crystallographic data have provided the structural basis for the carbohydrate recognition of intracellular lectins, atomic information of dynamic oligosaccharide conformations is essential for a quantitative understanding of the energetics of carbohydrate-lectin interactions. Carbohydrate NMR spectroscopy is useful for characterizing such conformational dynamics, but often hampered by poor spectral resolution and lack of recombinant techniques required to produce homogeneous glycoforms. To overcome these difficulties, we have recently developed a methodology for the preparation of a homogeneous high mannose-type oligosaccharide with 13C labeling using a genetically engineered yeast strain. We herein successfully extended this method to result in the overexpression of 13C-labeled Man9GlcNAc2 (M9) with a newly engineered yeast strain with the deletion of four genes involved in N-glycan processing. This enabled high-field NMR analyses of 13C-labeled M9 in comparison with its processing product lacking the terminal mannose residue ManD2. Long-range NOE data indicated that the outer branches interact with the core in both glycoforms, and such foldback conformations are enhanced upon the removal of ManD2. The observed conformational variabilities might be significantly associated with lectins and glycan-trimming enzymes.
RECOGNITION CUE IN THE RAT'S SOCIAL MEMORY PARADIGM (1991)

The cue used by an adult resident rat for recognition of a just met juvenile in the social memory paradigm was assessed by manipulating the amount of olfactory information and enhancing the recognition with arginine8-vasopressin (AVP). Social recognition was impaired in anosmic resident rats, suggesting that the recognition cue is olfactory in nature. Washed juveniles were recognized by AVP but not placebo treated residents, independently of whether after washing they were marked with previously collected urine of the residents or not. Preputialectomized juveniles were recognized neither by placebo nor by AVP treated residents. The results suggest that the scents originating from the preputial gland of the juvenile serve as the recognition cue in the social memory paradigm of rats.
Effects of Precursor Chemistry on the Microstructural Characteristics of Sol-Gel/Combustion Synthesized Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-MgO Nano-Composites (2010)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2010 in Portland, Oregon, USA, August 1 – August 5, 2010.
Study of Au/CeZrO4 catalysts for the low temperature Water Gas Shift reaction: Identification of the active Au species (2011)

Introduction The importance of the preparation method of gold-oxide supported catalysts in achieving highly active catalysts for reactions such as WGS is widely known. Au supported on CeZrO4 has been found to be one of the most active catalysts for the WGS reaction [1] although there is still an issue with the stability of these catalysts which is hindering their practical application. While there is an understanding of how to produce active catalysts for the WGS reaction there is no consensus on the nature of the active Au with positively charged [2] and metallic gold [3] all proposed to be the active state of the gold. Infrared spectroscopy has been widely employed to characterise the state of the Au through analysis of the Au-CO band position and in this study, we have carried out an in-situ DRIFTS-GC analysis of 1%Au/CeZrO4 for the WGS reaction. We have investigated the deactivation of the catalyst due to elevated reaction temperature and the amount of water in the feed and studied the evolution of the Au-CO bands during the reaction to assess the nature of the active Au.
BMI a pravděpodobnost vzniku endometriálního adenokarcinomu u českých žen – případová studie. (2019)

Východiska: Incidence zhoubných nadorů těla děložniho je v Ceske republice na vzestupu. Endometrialni adenokarcinom, se z jednotlivých možných morfologických typů, vyskytuje nejcastěji. Obezita, připadně i nadvaha jsou uznavanými rizikovými faktory vzniku tohoto onemocněni. Přesnějsi stratifikace rizika ve vztahu k BMI nebyla dosud v ceske populaci bliže zkoumana. Ojediněla předchozi prace naznacovala možnost vysokeho rizika již u nadvahy s BMI 25-29,9 srovnatelneho s obezitou I., resp. II. stupně dle WHO (BMI 30-39,9). Soubor pacientů a metody: U 376 žen kavkazske rasy byl v obdobi let 2005-2017 diagnostikovan endometrialni adenokarcinom a soucasně bylo možno dohledat, respektive urcit BMI v te době. Dale byl vytvořen kontrolni soubor žen ze stejneho obdobi a shodneho věkoveho složeni u nichž se nevyskytovalo onkologicke nebo gynekologicke onemocněni a bylo možno urcit BMI. Nasledně bylo provedeno statisticke zpracovani ziskaných dat. Výsledky: Sance (OR, CI 95%) na onemocněni, oproti ženam s normalni hmotnosti, je u žen s nadvahou 2,24 nasobně vyssi, u žen s obezitou toto riziko dale narůsta na 5,19 a dale na 8,67 až 24,7 nasobek dle tiže obezity. Zavěr: Nepotvrdil se předpoklad, že prosta nadvaha představuje stejne riziko jako obezita nižsich stupňů. Nicmeně i nadvaha představuje poměrně významne riziko pravděpodobnosti vzniku endometrialniho adenokarcinomu. Sance vzniku onemocněni v zavislosti na nadměrnem BMI je ve danem souboru pro endometrialni adenokarcinom vyssi, nežli je literarně uvaděno pro endometrialni karcinom zahrnujici vsechny podtypy.
A protein tyrosine phosphatase activity associated with the hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor receptor. (1993)

The receptor for the growth and motility factor, hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF), is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase encoded by the MET oncogene. Previous work has shown that receptor phosphorylation on tyrosine is critical for both kinase activation and association with intracellular signal transducers. In this paper, we report that a protein tyrosine phosphatase activity (PTP) coprecipitates with the HGF/SF receptor. The associated PTP activity correlates with the kinase activation of the receptor, increasing up to 5-fold over the basal level after HGF/SF stimulation. The increase is reversible and time- and dose-dependent. A comparable level of activity is associated with constitutively tyrosine-phosphorylated receptors immunoprecipitated from cells where the MET oncogene is amplified and overexpressed. In these cells, a parallel decrease in PTP activity is observed after inhibition of receptor tyrosine phosphorylation following protein kinase C activation. The associated PTP activity is effective in dephosphorylating the HGF/SF receptor. These data show that a protein tyrosine phosphatase is functionally coupled to the HGF/SF receptor.