gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heat Capacity of Na$_{0.3}$CoO$_{2}$$\cdot$1.3H$_{2}$O, a New Two-Gap Superconductor: Comparison with the Heat Capacity of MgB$_2$ (2004)

The superconducting-state heat capacity of Na$_{0.3}$CoO$_{2}$$\cdot$1.3H$_{2}$O shows unusual, marked deviations from BCS theory, at all temperatures. At low temperatures the heat capacity has the $T^2$ dependence characteristic of line nodes in the energy gap, rather than the exponential temperature dependence of a fully gapped, conventional superconductor. At temperatures of the order of one fifth of the critical temperature and above, the deviations are strikingly similar to those of MgB$_2$, which are known to be a consequence of the existence of substantially different energy gaps on different sheets of the Fermi surface. A two-gap fit to the Na$_{0.3}$CoO$_{2}$$\cdot$1.3H${_2}$O data gives gap amplitudes of 45% and 125% of the BCS value, on parts of the Fermi surface that contribute, respectively, 45% and 55% to the normal-state density of states. The temperature of the onset of the transition to the vortex state is independent of magnetic field, which shows the presence of unusually strong fluctuations.
Novel Synthesis of Disaccharides Containing the 2‐Amino‐2‐deoxy‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl Unit and L‐Glycero‐D‐manno‐ and 7‐Deoxy‐L‐glycero‐D‐galacto‐heptopyranoses. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
THE USE OF MARSUPIAL X EUTHERIAN SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS TO STUDY MARSUPIAL CELL SURFACE ANTIGENS (1978)

Buck and Bodmer (1976) have developed a technique for identifying an antigen on the surface of human x mouse somatic cell hybrids, specified by a gene on a particular human chromosome. We have successfully adapted this technique to a study of marsupial cell surface antigens. Somatic cell hybrids between Macropus rufus (Marsupialia) lymphocytes and the mouse cell lines PG19 and 1R were injected intraperitoneally into mice of the same inbred strain from which the above cell lines were derived (C57B16J and C3H, respectively). The only identified M. rufus chromosome present in the hybrid cells was the X chromosome. The antisera, after adsorption with PG19 or 1R, were tested using indirect immunofluorescence, against the hybrid cells, and also against sub-clones (derived from hybrids) which had apparently lost the M. rufus X chromosome, or at least its long arm. The results of these tests showed that the absorbed antisera contained reactivity against an M. rufus cell surface antigen (or antigens). The reactions of one of the antisera were most simply interpreted by supposing that it was detecting an M. rufus X-lined antigen(s).
Phase-matched third harmonic generation in 1-D photonic crystals (2004)

An exact theoretical model describing third harmonic generation in 1D photonic crystals has been developed. The model employs the transfer matrix method and accounts for material and structural dispersion. Experimental results for THG in a 1D polymer-dispersed liquid crystal grating are in good agreement with the model. Full-text article is not available.
Perioperative and Oncologic Outcomes of Single-incision Laparoscopy Compared with Conventional Laparoscopy for Colon Cancer: An Observational Propensity Score-matched Study (2015)

Single-incision laparoscopic (SIL) surgery is a recent advance in minimally invasive surgical techniques. From May 2011 to August 2012, 77 patients underwent primary SIL surgery for colon cancer by one colorectal surgeon. Among them, 61 patients were one-to-one-matched to control patients who had undergone conventional laparoscopic (CL) surgery with a propensity-matched score, and the outcomes were compared. Two hundred forty-seven patients with colon cancer underwent radical colectomy. Of these, 77 patients underwent SIL colectomy. After matching, there were no significant differences in the general characteristics between the patients undergoing the two types of surgery. Operation time was significantly longer in SIL surgery (139 vs 121 minutes, P = 0.001), but procedure time (107 vs 99 minutes, P = 0.069) was not significantly longer than CL surgery after eliminating closure time (31 vs 22 minutes, P < 0.001) from the operation time. There was no significant difference in postoperative complications between the two groups (3.3 vs 1.6%, P = 1.000). The mean number of harvested lymph nodes was 23 and 22 for SIL and CL surgery, respectively (P = 0.332). The mean follow-up period was 15.7 for the SIL group and 21.4 months for the CL group (P < 0.001) with two recurrences in the SIL group (3.3%) and three recurrences in the CL group (4.9%, P = 1.000). Disease-free survival at 20 months did not differ significantly between the two groups (93.3 vs 94.7%, P = 0.939). SIL for colonic malignancy can be safely applied for various types of operations and can provide equivalent oncologic resection and perioperative outcomes compared with CL surgery.
Changes in marrow adipose tissue with short-term changes in weight in premenopausal women with anorexia nervosa (2018)

In contrast to the steady state, in which MAT levels are higher in anorexia nervosa and MAT and BMD are inversely associated, short-term weight gain is associated with increases in both MAT and BMD. These longitudinal data demonstrate the dynamic nature of this fat depot and provide further evidence of its possible role in mineral metabolism.
Socio‐economic outcomes among long‐term childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia survivors enrolled between 1971 and 1998 in EORTC CLG studies: Results of the 58LAE study (2022)

Childhood ALL survivors showed a high level of socio-economic participation. HCST and CRT were associated with poorer functioning.
Effect of electromagnetic stimulation on hydraulic conductivity (2014)

Hydraulic conductivity is a measure of the rate at which water flows through porous media. In this study, the effect of radiofrequency (RF) waves on hydraulic conductivity was investigated. Bentonite clay was tested in rigid-wall, cylindrical permeameters and stimulated using monopole antenna. Falling-head tests were performed to measure the hydraulic conductivity of the clay and sand samples, respectively. Using RF frequencies of 80, 94 and 153 MHz, flow through the clay sample was sharply decreased for a relatively short period of time and then stabilised at a higher hydraulic conductivity. The test was replicated with a decrease of the input RF power from 30 to 20 W, and then to 10 W. The results revealed that the change in the hydraulic conductivity was larger at the higher input RF power. Measurements of the electric field component of RF waves were performed to map the electric field. In addition, the electric field was simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics for better three-dimensional visualisation and analysis. The possibility of a dielectrophoretic phenomenon governing this effect was studied for the simulated data. The result was in agreement with the results from the experimental field investigation.
Quantitative HAADF-studies of GaP/Si-interfaces (2012)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2012 in Phoenix, Arizona, USA, July 29 – August 2, 2012.
Illumination response of CdZnTe (2011)

CdZnTe (CZT) semiconducting crystals are of interest for use as room temperature X- and &gamma;-ray spectrometers. Several studies have focused on understanding the various electronic properties of these materials, such as the surface and bulk resistivities and the distribution of the electric field within the crystal. Specifically of interest is how these properties are influenced by a variety of factors including structural heterogeneities, such as secondary phases (SPs) and line defects as well as environmental effects. Herein, we report the bulk current, surface current, electric field distribution and performance of a spectrometer-grade CZT crystal exposed to above band-gap energy illumination.
Perfluorocarbons as Novel Reaction Media for Photooxidation Reactions (1996)

Abstract Perfluorocarbons are excellent alternatives to chlorinated solvents as non-toxic, non-ozone-depleting, inert reaction media for photooxidation reactions. Essentially quantitative yields of peroxide products are obtained and the perfluorocarbon solvents are easily recovered and recycled.
HPV E6, E6AP and Cervical Cancer (2007)

Every year, approximately 470,000 new cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed and approximately 230,000 women worldwide die of the disease, with the majority (~80%) of these cases and deaths occurring in developing countries.Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the etiological agents in nearly all cases (99.7%) of cervical cancer, and the HPV E6 protein is one of two viral oncoproteins that is expressed in virtually all HPV-positive cancers.E6 hijacks a cellular ubiquitin ligase, E6AP, resulting in the ubiquitylation and degradation of the p53 tumor suppressor, as well as several other cellular proteins.While the recent introduction of prophylactic vaccines against specific HPV types offers great promise for prevention of cervical cancer, there remains a need for therapeutics.Biochemical characterization of E6 and E6AP has suggested approaches for interfering with the activities of these proteins that could be useful for this purpose.
CMOS-MEMS Micro-Mirror Arrays by Post-Processing ASMC 0.35- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS Chips (2017)

An electrostatic bi-stable 4 × 4 micro-mirror array is implemented by using the standard Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation 0.35-μm 2-Poly-3-Metal fabless complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor microelectromechanical systems (CMOS-MEMS) process. Mechanical structures, including mirrors (18 μm×18 μm in area each), electrostatic actuation mechanisms, and the suspensions, are made in the top three metal layers. Typical static pull-in voltage is tested to be 49 V and the maximum tilt angle is estimated to be 14.6°. The micro mirror can be operated at frequencies upward of 11 kHz at least. Total lifetime of more than 134.5 h, 4.8 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> cycles, is tested. To avoid stiction during the process, the micro-mirror array is sacrificial-released from the substrate after the CMOS process by using reactive ion etching (RIE) and photoresist-assisted wet etching. Micro-mirror-wise processing yield of 99.3% after the release implies the robustness of the developed CMOS-MEMS process.
p16INK4A tumor suppressor gene expression and CD3ϵ deficiency but not pre-TCR deficiency inhibit TAL1-linked T-lineage leukemogenesis (2007)

Inactivation of the CDKN2 genes that encode the p16(INK4A) and p14(ARF) proteins occurs in the majority of human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias (T-ALLs). Ectopic expression of TAL1 and LMO1 genes is linked to the development of T-ALL in humans. In TAL1xLMO1 mice, leukemia develops in 100% of mice at 5 months. To identify the molecular events crucial to leukemic transformation, we produced several mouse models. We report here that expression of P16(INK4A) in developing TAL1xLMO1 thymocytes blocks leukemogenesis in the majority of the mice, and the leukemias that eventually develop show P16(INK4A) loss of expression. Events related to the T-cell receptor beta selection process are thought to be important for leukemic transformation. We show here that the absence of the pTalpha chain only slightly delays the appearance of TAL1xLMO1-induced T-ALL, which indicates a minor role of the pTalpha chain. We also show that the CD3epsilon-mediated signal transduction pathway is essential for this transformation process, since the TAL1xLMO1xCD3epsilon-deficient mice do not develop T-ALL for up to 1 year.
New Insights Into the Kinetics and Variability of Egg Excretion in Controlled Human Hookworm Infections (2019)

Four healthy volunteers were infected with 50 Necator americanus infective larvae (L3) in a controlled human hookworm infection trial and followed for 52 weeks. The kinetics of fecal egg counts in volunteers was assessed with Bayesian multilevel analysis, which revealed an increase between weeks 7 and 13, followed by an egg density plateau of about 1000 eggs/g of feces. Variation in egg counts was minimal between same-day measurements but varied considerably between days, particularly during the plateau phase. These analyses pave the way for the controlled human hookworm model to accelerate drug and vaccine efficacy studies.
A 2.5mW inductorless wideband VGA with dual feedback DC-offset correction in 90nm CMOS technology (2008)

A low power inductorless wideband variable gain control amplifier (VGA) for baseband receivers has been designed in a standard digital 90nm CMOS technology. The VGA was implemented using four-stage modified Cherry-Hooper amplifier with a dual feedback DC-offset canceling network, which simultaneously corrects DC offsets and extends bandwidth without a peaking inductor resulting in saving the chip space significantly. The proposed VGA has been measured using on-chip probing and achieves a 3-dB bandwidth of more than 2.2GHz with 60dB gain tuning range. It consumes 2.5mW through a 1V supply (excluding the output buffer), and occupies only 0.01mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> active area.
Quantifying the Binding Interactions Between Cu(II) and Peptide Residues in the Presence and Absence of Chromophores (2022)

Copper(II) is an essential metal in biological systems, conferring unique chemical properties to the biomolecules with which it interacts. It has been reported to directly bind to a variety of peptides and play both necessary and pathological roles ranging from mediating structure to electron transfer properties to imparting catalytic function. Quantifying the binding affinity and thermodynamics of these Cu(II)-peptide complexes in vitro provides insight into the thermodynamic driving force of binding, potential competitions between different metal ions for the peptide or between different peptides for Cu(II), and the prevalence of the Cu(II)-peptide complex in vivo. However, quantifying the binding thermodynamics can be challenging due to a myriad of factors, including accounting for all competing equilibria within a titration experiment, especially in cases where there are a lack of discrete spectroscopic handles representing the peptide, the d-block metal ion, and their interactions. Here, a robust set of experiments is provided for the accurate quantification of Cu(II)-peptide thermodynamics. This article focuses on the use of electronic absorption spectroscopy in the presence and absence of chromophoric ligands to provide the needed spectroscopic handle on Cu(II) and the use of label-free isothermal titration calorimetry. In both experimental techniques, a process is described to account for all competing equilibria. While the focus of this article is on Cu(II), the described set of experiments can apply beyond Cu(II)-peptide interactions, and provide a framework for accurate quantification of other metal-peptide systems under physiologically relevant conditions.
Cytosolic Ca2+ Homeostasis Is a Constitutive Function of the V-ATPase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2000)

The vacuole is the major site of intracellular Ca(2+) storage in yeast and functions to maintain cytosolic Ca(2+) levels within a narrow physiological range via a Ca(2+) pump (Pmc1p) and a H(+)/Ca(2+) antiporter (Vcx1p) driven by the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase). We examined the function of the V-ATPase in cytosolic Ca(2+) homeostasis by comparing responses to a brief Ca(2+) challenge of a V-ATPase mutant (vma2Delta) and wild-type cells treated with the V-ATPase inhibitor concanamycin A. The kinetics of the Ca(2+) response were determined using transgenic aequorin as an in vivo cytosolic Ca(2+) reporter system. In wild-type cells, the V-ATPase-driven Vcx1p was chiefly responsible for restoring cytosolic Ca(2+) concentrations after a brief pulse. In cells lacking V-ATPase activity, brief exposure to elevated Ca(2+) compromised viability, even when there was little change in the final cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration. vma2Delta cells were more efficient at restoring cytosolic [Ca(2+)] after a pulse than concanamycin-treated wild-type cells, suggesting long term loss of V-ATPase triggers compensatory mechanisms. This compensation was dependent on calcineurin, and was mediated primarily by Pmc1p.
Mechanism of nucleation and precipitation in 6061–Li alloys (1994)

AbstractInvestigations into the hardening response of 6061 and 6061–Li alloys have been carried out using analytical electron microscopy. A nucleation and precipitation mechanism has been suggested to explain the modifications of the aging behaviour of 6061 caused by the Li additions. According to this mechanism, the preferential clustering of Li and vacancies inhibits the formation of dislocation loops and diffusion of Si and Mg atoms into zones so that the precipitation of needle shaped Guinier–Preston (GP) zones is limited and delayed. As a partial replacement of the needles, AILiSi with a small lattice strain is formed through the preferential association of Li–v (where v denotes vacancies), Si–v, and AI. Consequently, a dual precipitation behaviour ofGP zones and AILiSi occurs in 6061–0·7Li, and an extremely restrained dual precipitation of this type is alsofound in 6061–2·0Li, in which δ′ is dominant. In contrast to the initial inhibition, a promotion of needle shaped GP zones is observed on prolonged aging, these being formed with the aid of defects. The inhibited nucleation and precipitation and the reduced age hardening can be improved either by increasing the Si excess or by applying two step aging.MST/1972
The Relationship between Subjective Symptoms and Quality of Life in Conjunctivochalasis Patients (2021)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in subjective symptoms between patients with conjunctivochalasis (CCh) and dry eye (DE), and examine the relationship between subjective symptoms and quality of life (QOL). In 75 eyes of 75 CCh patients and 122 eyes of 122 DE patients, 12 subjective symptoms classified into four groups depending on the mechanisms associated with symptoms (ITF: instability of tear film, IF: increased friction, R: reflex, and DTC: delayed tear clearance) were evaluated by use of a visual analogue scale (VAS). Fifteen items related to DE symptoms and their influence on daily life were evaluated by use of the dry eye-related quality-of-life score (DEQS) questionnaire, with overall degree of QOL impairment calculated as a QOL score. The correlation between the Total VAS score and QOL score were evaluated. Between the CCh and DE patients, significant differences in subjective symptoms were found in eye dryness, pain, tearing sensitivity to light, and heavy eyelids, while tearing was higher in CCh. A significant strong correlation was found between QOL score and Total VAS score, ITF, and IF in CCh patients. The QOL of CCh patients is strongly determined by decreased tear-film stability and increased friction during blinking.
Factor Modeling for Advertisement Targeting (2009)

We adapt a probabilistic latent variable model, namely GaP (Gamma-Poisson) [6], to ad targeting in the contexts of sponsored search (SS) and behaviorally targeted (BT) display advertising. We also approach the important problem of ad positional bias by formulating a one-latent-dimension GaP factorization. Learning from click-through data is intrinsically large scale, even more so for ads. We scale up the algorithm to terabytes of real-world SS and BT data that contains hundreds of millions of users and hundreds of thousands of features, by leveraging the scalability characteristics of the algorithm and the inherent structure of the problem including data sparsity and locality. Specifically, we demonstrate two somewhat orthogonal philosophies of scaling algorithms to large-scale problems, through the SS and BT implementations, respectively. Finally, we report the experimental results using Yahoo’s vast datasets, and show that our approach substantially outperform the state-of-the-art methods in prediction accuracy. For BT in particular, the ROC area achieved by GaP is exceeding 0.95, while one prior approach using Poisson regression [11] yielded 0.83. For computational performance, we compare a single-node sparse implementation with a parallel implementation using Hadoop MapReduce, the results are counterintuitive yet quite interesting. We therefore provide insights into the underlying principles of large-scale learning. 1
Surgery in breast cancer (1999)

This year (1999) has been filled with new information on the prevention of breast cancer and new literature trying to address some of the long-term adverse consequences of our surgical therapies. As the complexities of our therapies continue to increase at exponential rates, we now also have the ability to more accurately predict the consequences of both our therapeutic actions and our failure to act. Nowhere is this more evident than in the literature devoted to long-term consequences of treatment for breast cancer. As we are more successful in achieving our goals of increased survival from this dreaded disease, the future needs of these long-term survivors must play an ever-increasing role in our current management. Advances reported this year are laying down a new basis for efforts to improve the quality of life for breast cancer survivors.
Stochastic self-consistent Green's function second-order perturbation\n theory (sGF2) (2016)

The second-order Green's function method (GF2) was shown recently to be an\naccurate self-consistent approach for electronic structure of correlated\nsystems since the self-energy accounts for both the weak and some of the strong\ncorrelation. The numerical scaling of GF2 is quite steep however, $O({N^5})$\n(where the pre-factor is often hundreds), effectively preventing its\napplication to large systems. Here, we develop a stochastic approach to GF2\n(sGF2) where the self-energy is evaluated by a random-vector decomposition of\nGreen's functions so that the dominant part of the calculation scales quasi\nlinearly with system size. A study of hydrogen chains shows that the resulting\napproach is numerically efficient and accurate, as the stochastic errors are\nvery small, 0.05% of the correlation energy for large systems with only a\nmoderate computational effort. The method also yields automatically efficient\nMP2 energies and is automatically temperature dependent.\n