gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of Bacterial Hemoglobin with a Low O_2-induced Promoter Improves Recombinant Phytase Production in Pichia pastoris (2008)

To improve the production of a recombinant phytase APPA in Pichia pastoris under O2 limitation,the PsADH2 promoter from Pichia stipitis was employed to control the expression of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin(VHb) encoding gene(vgb) in P.pastoris.This promoter was activated under O2 limitation in P.pastoris.The expressed VHb enhanced the phytase APPA activity to 3 fold higher than that of VHb-free cell under O2 limitation,but no obvious effect on cell growth was observed.
Contrasting the EXAFS obtained under air and H<sub>2</sub> environments to reveal details of the surface structure of Pt–Sn nanoparticles (2021)

Understanding the surface structure of bimetallic nanoparticles is crucial for heterogeneous catalysis. Although surface contraction has been established in monometallic systems, less is known for bimetallic systems, especially of nanoparticles. In this work, the bond length contraction on the surface of bimetallic nanoparticles is revealed by XAS in H2 at room temperature on dealloyed Pt-Sn nanoparticles, where most Sn atoms were oxidized and segregated to the surface when measured in air. The average Sn-Pt bond length is found to be ∼0.09 Å shorter than observed in the bulk. To ascertain the effect of the Sn location on the decrease of the average bond length, Pt-Sn samples with lower surface-to-bulk Sn ratios than the dealloyed Pt-Sn were studied. The structural information specifically from the surface was extracted from the averaged XAS results using an improved fitting model combining the data measured in H2 and in air. Two samples prepared so as to ensure the absence of Sn in the bulk were also studied in the same fashion. The bond length of surface Sn-Pt and the corresponding coordination number obtained in this study show a nearly linear correlation, the origin of which is discussed and attributed to the poor overlap between the Sn 5p orbitals and the available orbitals of the Pt surface atoms.
Experimental muscle pain reduces initial motor unit discharge rates during sustained submaximal contractions (2004)

The aim of this human study was to investigate the effect of experimentally induced muscle pain on the modifications of motor unit discharge rate during sustained, constant-force contractions. Intramuscular and multichannel surface electromyographic (EMG) signals were collected from the right and left tibialis anterior muscle of 11 volunteers. The subjects performed two 4-min-long isometric contractions at 25% of the maximal dorsiflexion torque, separated by a 20-min rest. Before the beginning of the second contraction, hypertonic (painful; right leg) or isotonic (nonpainful; left leg) saline was injected into the tibialis anterior. Pain intensity scores did not change significantly in the first 150 s of the painful contraction. Exerted torque and its coefficient of variation were the same for the painful and nonpainful contractions. Motor unit discharge rate was higher in the beginning of the nonpainful contraction than the painful contraction on the right side [means +/- SE, 11.3 +/- 0.2 vs. 10.6 +/- 0.2 pulses/s (pps); P < 0.01] whereas it was the same for the two contractions on the left side (11.6 +/- 0.2 vs. 11.5 +/- 0.2 pps). The decrease in discharge rate in 4 min was smaller for the painful (0.4 +/- 0.1 pps) than for the control contractions (1.3 +/- 0.1 pps). Initial value and decrease in motor unit conduction velocity were not different in the four contractions (right leg, 4.0 +/- 0.1 m/s with decrease of 0.6 +/- 0.1 m/s in 4 min; left leg, 4.1 +/- 0.1 m/s with 0.7 +/- 0.1 m/s decrease). In conclusion, stimulation of nociceptive afferents by injection of hypertonic saline did not alter motor unit conduction velocity but reduced the initial motor unit discharge rates and the difference between initial and final discharge rates during sustained contraction.
Tailor‐Made MgF<sub>2</sub>‐Based Catalysts by Sol–Gel Synthesis (2011)

Abstract In this paper, recent developments in the field of catalysts based on nanosized metal fluorides are presented with special focus on the exciting and promising magnesium fluoride systems. The majority of these new catalyst systems originate from the work of the authors based on the fluorolytic sol–gel synthesis of metal fluorides, which was developed by this group. They are selected in a way as to highlight the principles and prospects of this new approach to high‐surface‐area, strongly distorted metal fluorides. This new fluorolytic sol–gel route to metal fluorides opens, in the opinion of the authors, a very broad range of scientific and technical applications of the accessible high‐surface‐area metal fluorides. By combining fluorolytic and hydrolytic sol–gel synthesis, this approach can be further extended, also providing access to metal hydroxide fluorides or metal oxide fluorides. The different synthesis strategies as well as the catalytic applications of various MgF 2 ‐based materials are described in detail in this review.
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Study of Tasquinimod in Men With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2016)

In chemotherapy-naïve men with mCRPC, tasquinimod significantly improved rPFS compared with placebo. However, no OS benefit was observed.
3D Numerical simulation of natural gas combustion in a fluidized bed reactor (2015)

This study presents detailed 3D unsteady CFD simulations, performed using NEPTUNE_CFD V1.08@Tlse code, of air-methane combustion in a dense fluidized bed containing inert particles. Predictions are compared with the experimental data reported in Dounit et al. (2001a, 2001b, 2008). In their study, the authors investigated the behavior of natural gas combustion process in dense fluidized bed and in the freeboard at temperatures lower than a critical value (&lt; 850°C). The main outputs of the experiments are vertical profiles of gaseous-species concentrations and gas temperature. In CFD simulations, an Euler-Euler approach is used to compute separately gas and solid phases flows (primary variables for each phase are volume fraction, velocity, enthalpy, mass fraction), with detailed closure models to account for fluid-particle and particle-particle mass, momentum and energy transfers. Gaseous combustion is modeled by a two-step mechanism following Arrhenius-type equations (Dryer &amp; Glassman, 1973, Westbrook and Dryer, 1981). The Eulerian modeling takes into account the energy exchange by radiation between the gas, the particles and the reactor walls as well. The 3D unsteady simulations are analyzed to characterize dynamic flow behavior, thermal spatial distribution and interphase equilibrium. Time-averaged quantities are computed to compare predictions with the available experimental measurements.
The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Fatigue Behavior of Alloy 10 (2003)

The results of the fatigue evaluation on Alloy 10, run under NASA's Ultrasafe Project, are the subject of this report. Crack growth evaluation will be examined in a separate report. The eight heat treatments studied were designed to evaluate the effect of solution temperature, cooling rate, and stabilization on key mechanical properties of Alloy 10, including fatigue life. Two temperatures were studied, 750 and 1300 F, which represent projected application temperatures for the bore and rim locations in a disk. In addition to fatigue life, the cyclic stress-strain response and failure modes of the fatigue specimens are also reviewed in this report.
Let's talk AutomationML what is the effort of AutomationML programming? (2012)

Data exchange between engineering tools has been identified as a major bottleneck in the engineering workflow. AutomationML aims to close this gap by supporting the exchange of a variety of aspects of automation engineering and its ability to manage multiple semantics in a heterogeneous engineering tool landscape. But beside all AutomationML-concepts, the introduction in the industry is bound to its ease of use. This paper gives an overview about the results of an activity of the AutomationML society which investigated concepts to reduce the AutomationML programming effort. After an introduction into basic requirements, this paper proposes a generic design for im-and exporter software and explains how to technically manage semantic variety. In addition, the author gives an overview about typical errors in AutomationML object modeling and how to avoid them. Finally, this paper wraps up with a major prejudice about XML based file exchange, the lack of performance, and presents encouraging results of a CAEX performance investigation.
Fabrication and characterization of polarization-maintaining fiber Fabry-Perot interferometers (1994)

Fiber Fabry-Perot interferometers (FFPIs) made of regular single-mode fibers (SMFs) have high polarization sensitivity because of the random inherent and externally induced birefringence. The polarization sensitivity in a scanning FFPI generally produces two distinct resonances corresponding to the two principal polarization states inside the fiber. Under external disturbances, the two resonance peaks become unstable because of random polarization-mode coupling. FFPIs used in sensor and fiber-ring-laser systems, in which the random polarization-mode coupling is not tolerable, must therefore be formed with polarization-maintaining (PM) SMFs.
Ethnic differences in cross‐sectional associations between impaired glucose regulation, identified by oral glucose tolerance test or HbA<sub>1c</sub> values, and cardiovascular disease in a cohort of European and South Asian origin (2015)

Prediabetes appeared to be less associated with cardiovascular disease in the South Asian than in the European group. These findings have implications for screening, and early cardiovascular prevention strategies in South Asian populations.
Chemical vapour deposition of metalloporphyrins: a simple route towards the preparation of gas separation membranes (2016)

The simultaneous polymerisation and chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of metalloporphyrins yield a new class of defect-free and nanoporous layers with outstanding gas separation properties.
Abstract #1567: Use of titanium-dioxide nanoparticles for increased cytotoxicity of radiation therapy in vitro (2009)

Our laboratory investigates different potential uses of TiO2 nanoparticles as vehicles for bio-nanotechnology. Nanoconjugates have been designed which consist of a nanoparticle covalently bound to nucleic acid sequences which allow targeting of the nanoconjugates to oncogenes with sequence specificity. Subsequent exposure to photons at 3.2 eV or greater takes advantage of the photocatalytic properties of TiO2 and allows for sequence specific DNA cleavage. Past studies have used xenon lamp irradiation to induce cleavage. Due to the limited tissue penetration of visible light, the utility of the nanoconjugates is limited to superficial in vivo targets. The goal of current experiments was to investigate the potential of TiO2 nanoparticles to be excited with ionizing gamma radiation, which would extend their utility to internal in vivo targets. The endpoint for the experiment described here was cell killing of cultured cells. Treatments included radiation alone, treatment with NPs alone, and pre-treatment with NPs followed by radiation. Eight nm nanoparticles (NPs) made of cobalt-iron oxide with titanium-dioxide shell were synthesized and dialyzed against 10mM Na2HPO4 buffer (pH=7). HeLa cells in culture at 90% confluency were serum starved and exposed for four hours to (a) 200 nM NPs in media; (b) 5 Gy of gamma radiation; (c) 200 nM NP in media followed by ionizing radiation (5 Gy) or (d) nothing. Following treatment, cells were left in media for one day to allow for cell death to occur. To determine dead cell numbers, DAPI stain was used and cells were submitted to FACS analysis, and data quantification was done using FCS Express software. Results were that cells pretreated with NPs and 5 Gy of ionizing radiation showed an increase in cell mortality compared to treatment with NPs or radiation alone. Cells treated with NPs alone did show higher rates of mortality than non-treated control cells. Results of three trials comparing cells treated with NPs and radiation vs. radiation alone showed rates of mortality of 33.610% vs. 15.947% (p=0.0385). From the experimental data, it can be concluded that pre-treatment of cells with NPs increased the cytoxic effect of subsequent treatment with ionizing radiation. Comparison of equal doses of radiation in cells pre-treated with NPs and with no pre-treatment showed that NPs increased the cytotoxic effect of radiation by 111%. Current studies are underway to find the treatment conditions that maximize the observed cytotoxicity and to determine mechanisms underlying it. Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 1567.
Ruthenium Acetylide Oxidation:  From Stable Radicals to Allenylidene Synthesis via γ-Elimination of H<sup>+</sup> (2002)

Oxidation of ruthenium(II) acetylides trans-[Cl(dppe)2Ru−C⋮C−CHR2] (R = H, CH3, Ph) leads to cationic radicals of which the stability is found to be highly influenced by the nature of R. This oxidative process leads to a stable cationic radical (R = CH3, H) or to its rearrangement into a neutral radical, trans-[Cl(dppe)2Ru−C⋮C−C•(R)2] for R = Ph. This unprecedented γ-elimination of a proton provides both the allenylidene trans-[Cl(dppe)2RuCCCR2]PF6 and the vinylidene trans-[Cl(dppe)2RuCCH−CHR2]PF6. The allenylidene can be selectively obtained from the acetylide in the presence of a base.
Anti-Selective Epoxidation of Methyl α-Methylene-β-<i>tert</i>-butyldimethylsilyloxycarboxylate Esters. Evidence for Stereospecific Oxygen Atom Transfer in a Nucleophilic Epoxidation Process (2009)

Methyl alpha-methylene-beta-tert-butyldimethylsilyloxycarboxylate esters are found to undergo diastereoselective epoxidation in the presence of potassium tert-butoxide-tert-butyl hydroperoxide to form anti products. In an effort to better understand mechanistic details of the transformation and the basis of diastereoselectivities observed, we studied the epoxidation of substrates with alpha-methylene groups containing (trans) deuterium labels and discovered that oxygen-atom transfer proceeds with > or = 95% stereospecificity in all cases examined. These and other experiments suggest that the mechanism of epoxidation is not distinguishable from a concerted process.
Dual-Polarized RSMA for Massive MIMO Systems (2022)

This letter proposes a novel dual-polarized rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) technique for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) networks. The proposed strategy transmits common and private symbols in parallel through dynamic polarization multiplexing, and it does not require successive interference cancellation (SIC) in the reception. For assisting the design of dual-polarized MIMO-RSMA systems, we propose a deep neural network (DNN) framework for predicting the ergodic sum-rates. An efficient DNN-aided adaptive power allocation policy is also developed for maximizing the ergodic sum-rates. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the DNNs for sum-rate prediction and power allocation and reveal that the dual-polarized MIMO-RSMA strategy can impressively outperform conventional baseline schemes.
Potential of waste woven polypropylene fiber and textile mesh for production of gypsum-based composite (2023)

The huge production of woven polypropylene bags has led to an increase generation of plastic waste. The recycling of waste woven polypropylene bags and textiles in construction applications can be a viable option. Therefore, an attempt has been made to utilize the woven polypropylene fibers and textiles in the production of gypsum-based composite false ceiling tile for an economical and sustainable construction product. In the current research work, different water-to-powder ratios (0.6 %, 0.7 %, 0.8 %, 0.9 %) and fiber contents (0.25 %, 0.35 %, 0.45 %, 0.55 %) in the gypsum-based composite were prepared. Flexural plates with different thicknesses (18, 15, 12, and 9 mm) incorporating different recycling fibers and reinforced with different types of meshes were manufactured to produce sustainable gypsum-based plates. The physical properties, compressive and flexural strength properties of the fiber-reinforced gypsum-based composite were also evaluated. The textile and woven polypropylene fiber mesh reinforced gypsum false ceiling plates were compared with the control specimen. The results revealed that the density of gypsum-based composite decreased up to 26 % with the increase in the proportion of waste fiber contents. The compressive and flexural strength of gypsum-based composites exhibited a decrease with an increase in fiber contents and water-to-powder ratio. However, all the specimens satisfied the acceptable limit of 1 MPa and 2 MPa, respectively, according to BS EN 14246. The bending strength of all the plates incorporating different fiber content and thicknesses satisfied the minimum specified flexural strength criteria according to BS EN 14246. Moreover, the plates with different thicknesses and fiber contents also satisfied the minimum specified flexural criteria except for the plate with a thickness of 9 mm. However, all the plates with varying thicknesses and reinforced mesh have also satisfied the minimum load criteria specified by BS EN 14246. Thus, it can be envisioned that the woven polypropylene fibers and textiles can be effectively utilized to produce sustainable gypsum-based composite leading to reduce waste generation.
Value-Added New Materials from Byproduct of Corn Based Ethanol Industries:  Blends of Plasticized Corn Gluten Meal and Poly(ε-caprolactone) (2006)

This study attempts to explore the value-added applications of corn gluten meal (CGM), the inexpensive byproduct from corn based ethanol industries. The byproducts, CGM, was plasticized using glycerol/ethanol mixture, denatured by the addition of guanidine hydrochloride (GHCl), and then blended with poly(ε-caprolactone), PCL, a synthetic commercial biodegradable polymer. Extrusion followed by injection molding was adopted to fabricate the newly blended green materials. The processing conditions affected the performance of the blends. The GHCl modified corn gluten meal was characterized by IR spectroscopy. The developed materials were characterized through their thermomechanical, tensile, and Izod impact strength measurements. The effects of processing conditions on properties of blends were investigated. One of the promising outcomes of this research was that the GHCl modified corn gluten meal based bioplastic, on blending with PCL had a substantially higher percent elongation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed better compatibility of PCL with GHCl modified plasticized CGM. The percent elongation and impact strength of the blended material was found to be higher than high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
Highly active nanocrystalline TiO<sub>2</sub>photoelectrodes (2008)

A simple method for the fabrication of highly photoactive nanocrystalline two-layer TiO(2) electrodes for solar cell applications is presented. Diluted titanium acetylacetonate has been used as a precursor for covering SnO(2):F (FTO) films with dense packed TiO(2) nanocrystallites. The nanoporous thick TiO(2) film follows the dense packed thin TiO(2) film as a second layer. For the latter, amorphous TiO(2) nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized by a sol-gel technique in an acidic environment with pH<1 and hydrothermal growth at a temperature of 200 °C. The acidic nanoparticle gel was neutralized by basic ammonia and a TiO(2) gel of pH 5 was obtained; this pH value is higher than the recently reported value of 3.1 (Park et al 2005 Adv. Mater. 17 2349-53). Highly interconnected, nanoporous, transparent and active TiO(2) films have been fabricated from the pH 5 gel. SEM, AFM and XRD analyses have been carried out for investigation of the crystal structure and the size of nanoparticles as well as the surface morphology of the films. Investigation of the photocurrent-voltage characteristics has shown improvement in cell performance along with the modification of the surface morphology, depending on pH of the TiO(2) gel. Increasing the pH of the gel from 2.1 to 5 enhanced the overall conversion efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cells by approximately 30%. An energy conversion efficiency of 8.83% has been achieved for the cell (AM1.5, 100 mWcm(-2) simulated sunlight) compared to 6.61% efficiency in the absence of ammonia in the TiO(2) gel.
Abstract 3861: Fusion toxin BLyS-gelonin inhibits growth of B-NHL cell lines <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> (2012)

Abstract B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) is a member of the TNF superfamily of cytokines. BLyS is expressed by cells of myeloid origin and is one of many soluble factors that regulate human B-cell activation. The biological activity of BLyS is mediated by three cell surface receptors: B-cell-activating factor-receptor (BAFF-R/BR3), transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) and B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA). These receptors are expressed by normal and malignant B-cells at various stages of development. To target malignant B cells expressing BLyS receptors, the recombinant plant-derived toxin gelonin was fused to the N-terminus of BLyS to generate the fusion toxin BLyS-gel. Gelonin is an N-glycosidase that removes a critical adenine from eukaryotic 28S rRNA, disrupting ribosome function and inhibiting protein synthesis. Importantly, gelonin is not toxic to cells unless coupled with a targeting moiety that can enter the cell. BLyS-gel was used to treat a panel of nearly 50 malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cell lines expressing BLyS receptors. NHL subtypes mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and B cell precursor-acute lymphocytic leukemia (BCP-ALL) were preferentially sensitive to BLyS-gel mediated cytotoxicity, with EC50 values in the low picomolar range. BLyS-gel cytotoxicity was mediated primarily by BR3 and TACI in sensitive cell lines; however, cell surface expression of these BLyS receptors did not necessarily confer sensitivity to BLyS-gel. The internalization of BLyS-gel was confirmed in both sensitive and resistant cell lines, indicating resistance was not due to a lack of internalization. As expected, BLyS-gel treatment inhibited protein synthesis in sensitive, but not resistant cell lines. In most cell lines, cell death seemed to be mediated by the “ribotoxic stress response.” This response involves activation of p38 MAPK and JNK/SAPK, and BLyS-gel mediated cytotoxicity was inhibited by the p38/JNK inhibitor SB203580. Finally, BLyS-gel treatment significantly prolonged survival in three distinct disseminated xenograft models (BCP-ALL, DLBCL &amp; MCL) in SCID mice, and BLyS-gel was shown to specifically localize to sites of disease. Together, these findings suggest BLyS has potential as a targeting ligand for the therapeutic delivery of toxins and/or drugs directly to malignant B cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3861. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3861