gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ferroelectricity and Giant Bulk Photovoltaic Effect in BaTiO<sub>3</sub>Films at the Nanoscale (2015)

The ferroelectric and photovoltaic properties of BaTiO3 films at the nanoscale are considered. The switching and scaling of the coercive field in the hetero epitaxial BaTiO3 films with thickness 3–50 nm are investigated in condenser. At the nanoscale there is competing of extrinsic (domain-driven) and intrinsic homogeneous (Landau-Ginzburg) mechanisms. The conversion efficiency of the Bulk Photovoltaic Effect at the nanoscale could be extremely large. It is experimentally shown for heteroepitaxial BaTiO3 films with thickness 20 and 40 nm. For nanoscaled BaTiO3 films the conversion efficiency is 4,5 orders of magnitude larger as compared to the bulk crystals.
Effect of drying techniques and operating conditions on the retention of color, phenolics, and antioxidant properties in dried lemon scented tea tree ( <i>Leptospermum petersonii</i> ) leaves (2021)

Leptospermum petersonii is an aromatic native Australian plant that has been traditionally used as a medicine and a tea; however, its application in food products is increasing. The aim of this study was to investigate the most suitable and energy-efficient drying conditions to retain phenolic compounds, antioxidant properties, and, color in dried Leptospermum petersonii leaves. In this study, six drying techniques were investigated including hot air, vacuum, microwave, freeze, sun, and shade. Results showed that freeze-drying retained maximum color, phenolic compounds, and, antioxidant capacity, however, it consumed the most time and energy. Conversely, microwave drying (960 W, 0.1 hr) used the least amount of time and energy yet retained the second-highest levels of phenolics and antioxidant capacity. In conclusion, microwave drying is suggested for large-scale drying. This method is economical and it is approximately 480 times and 1,700 times more time and energy efficient compared to freeze-drying. Novelty impact statement Microwave and freeze-drying is the most and least energy efficient method respectively There is a strong correlation between phytochemical and antioxidant capacity Freeze-drying retains maximum color properties, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity
Neonatal ventilation with a manikin model and two novel PEEP valves without an external gas source (2016)

PEEP between 4 cm H<sub>2</sub>O and 5 cm H<sub>2</sub>O was achieved when ventilating a neonatal manikin using a self-inflating bag and novel PEEP valves. Valves that can generate PEEP without external gas sources may aid resuscitation in resource-limited settings.
Depletion of charge produced during plasma exposure in aluminum oxide by vacuum ultraviolet radiation (2000)

A temporary increase in the conductivity of aluminum oxide sputter deposited on the surface of aluminum wafers was made by exposure to vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation produced by a synchrotron light source. The oxide was charged, either positively or negatively, by exposure to a nonreactive inductively coupled plasma, under typical plasma processing conditions. We show the dependence of the conductivity on the energy of the incoming radiation, and conclude that only those photons whose energy is above the band gap of the oxide are capable of producing a temporary increase in the conductivity. By exposing localized regions of precharged oxide samples to the vacuum ultraviolet radiation, we produce regions of charge depletion in and around the exposed areas. We conclude that VUV radiation may be used to significantly decrease plasma-induced surface charging of dielectrics.
Effect of Tea/Tea Extracts on α‐Glucan Hydrolysis by Enzymes In Vitro and In Vivo − With Parallel Impacts on Health (2018)

The digestion of starch and starch derivatives in humans is a multi‐enzyme process which generates glucose as the major dietary energy source. Digestible or amorphous starch may be depolymerised by digestive (pancreatic) α‐amylase to generate dextrins, maltooligosaccharides, and maltose. The small intestine brush border located maltase‐glucoamylase (MGAM) may then convert maltose and maltooligosaccharides with an α‐(1–4) bonding configuration to glucose. The similarly located sucrase‐isomaltase enzyme complex may also convert maltose to glucose and isomaltose or α‐(1–6) linked oligosaccharides to glucose too. Some components in the diet (for example tea) may interact with enzymes in the digestive system associated with α‐glucan digestion. Tea is consumed in different formats around the world and is considered to provide many health benefits. Most often tea is consumed without milk − which is popular in some countries − where the milk proteins bind to the bioactive components of the tea. Health related conditions may be linked to the control of energy generation via glucose in the gut − although tea and tea extracts are associated with broader health impacts.
Cover Picture: A Tribute to Michele Parrinello: From Physics via Chemistry to Biology (ChemPhysChem 9/2005) (2005)

The cover picture shows both the power and broad application range of modern computer simulation techniques as a tribute to Professor Michele Parrinello on the occasion of his 60th birthday, see the article by Andreoni, Marx and Sprik on page 1671. The necessarily limited selection out of many outstanding contributions to this Festschrift covers research results, in such diverse fields as hydrogen‐bonded liquids, surface science, biophysics, biochemistry, photochemistry, chemical physics, molecular electronics, and materials science, that are all obtained based on state‐of‐the‐art calculations.
Collaborating tumor cells overcome multitargeted antiangiogenic therapies (2016)

Tumor cells make use of “metabolic symbiosis” to drive resistance to multitargeted angiogenesis inhibitors.
Towards novel BODIPY compounds for material &amp; medical applications (2021)

This thesis describes the synthesis of a novel family of 4,4─difluoro─4─bora─3a─4a─diaza─s─indacenes for material and education applications (BODIPYs). This thesis also presents the exploration of their optical and electrochemical properties, as well as potential for application in dye─sensitised solar cells, and synthetic laboratories. Chapter 1 gives an overview of the photophysical of chromophores of large organic electronics. BODIPYs are introduced as suitable building blocks for such applications, and synthetic approaches for extending the conjugation of these fluorophores are presented. Chapter 2 gives an overview the development of an engaging senior undergraduate laboratory course based on BODIPY that reinforces traditionally important technical skills and explore property─directed synthesis &amp; research. Chapter 3 describes the use of the redox robust ferrocene as electron donor in the synthesis of ferrocene─BODIPY dyes for DSSC applications. Chapter 4 explores the effects of confined intramolecular π─stacking on the physicochemical properties of π─π BODIPY dimers in cyclophane architectures through the synthesis of a novel cyclophane consisting of BODIPY and anthracene moieties.
Noiseless Signal Amplification using Positive Electro-Optic Feedforward (1997)

We propose an electro-optic feedforward scheme which can in principle produce perfect noiseless signal amplification (signal transfer coefficient of ${T}_{\mathrm{s}}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1$). We demonstrate the scheme experimentally and report, for a signal gain of 13.4 dB, a signal transfer coefficient of ${T}_{\mathrm{s}}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.88$ which is limited mainly by detector efficiencies (92%). The result clearly exceeds the standard quantum limit, ${T}_{\mathrm{s}}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.5$, set by the high gain limit of a phase insensitive linear amplifier. We use the scheme to amplify a small signal carried by 35% amplitude squeezed light and demonstrate that, unlike the fragile squeezed input, the signal amplified output is robust to propagation losses.
Convergent and Functional-Group-Tolerant Synthesis of B-Organo BODIPYs (2018)

Boron-dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) are one of the most important fluorescent materials. Despite their potential unique properties, however, B,B-fluoro-organo BODIPYs (BFR-BODIPYs) possessing an organo group (R) on the boron center have not been studied in detail, due in part to challenges related to their synthesis. In this paper, a convergent synthesis of BFR-BODIPYs operative under mild conditions is reported. Conversions of the thus-synthesized functionalized BFR-BODIPYs by cross-coupling, condensation, and S<sub>N</sub>2 reactions at the R group are also demonstrated.
Increased prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with celiac disease (2000)

Konturek, P C MD; Karczewska, E MD; Dieterich, W PhD; Hahn, E G MD; Schuppan, D MD, PhD Author Information
56.3: Study of Space Charges in Hole Transfer Layer of OLED Devices using Impedance Spectroscopy and Transient Electroluminescence (2011)

Abstract The charge generation and transportation phenomena of OLED devices based on the different hole‐transfer materials, HTL1 and HTL2, have been investigated employing Impedance Spectroscopy (IS) and Transient Electroluminescence (TEL). The capacitance resulted from the quantity of space charges in HTL1 and HTL2 have been observed to be distinguishable by means of both the Capacitance‐Voltage and Frequency‐dependent Capacitance measurements. The capacitance increment by the space charges is also seen in the extracted RC components of the equivalent circuit, which is determined from the comparison between the quantitatively calculated and the experimentally observed data in Cole‐Cole plot. The increased space charges of HTL2 are found to enhance the hole mobility across hole transfer layer which was derived from the delayed response time of Transient EL.
Neocortical hyperexcitability in a human case of tuberous sclerosis complex and mice lacking neuronal expression of <i>TSC1</i> (2007)

This combination of human and mouse tissue studies suggests, for the first time, that synaptic excitation is altered in a direction that favors seizure generation in TSC brain tissue regardless of cortical tubers.
Admixture mapping of prostate cancer in African Americans participating in the North Carolina‐Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project (PCaP) (2013)

The study confirmed the 8q24 risk loci and identified a novel genomic region on 11p13 that is associated with CaP risk. These findings should be replicated in larger AA populations and combined with fine mapping data to further refine the novel 11p13 CaP risk loci.
Mechanisms of active sound control (1988)

Active noise control applied to sound propagating down ducts has been successfully demonstrated by a number of researchers. The active control of small three-dimensional sound fields (such as those found in ear muffs) has also met with considerable success. However, application of active control techniques to large three-dimensional sound fields, such as those found in rooms and vehicle interiors, has only been partially successful, generally resulting in sound reduction in some locations at the expense of an increase in other locations. The lack of success is easily explained if the mechanism by which successful active control is achieved is fully understood. This paper presents the results of an experiment that demonstrates the mechanism by which successful active control is achieved in a duct and conclusions are made regarding the requirements for successful active control in large three-dimensional spaces, which would enable an overall, rather than just a local, reduction in sound level to be achieved. [Work supported by the Sir Ross and Sir Keith Smith fund and the University of Adelaide.]
Biopolymers and the Environment (2003)

Although the Viewpoint by R. A. Gross and B. Kalra “(Biodegradable polymers for the environment,” Special Issue on Green Chemistry, 2 Aug., p [803][1]) makes a deliberate effort to present biopolymers and their prospects in the most favorable light, the authors have chosen to completely omit any
Pulmonary Function Improvement After Vertebral Column Resection for Severe Spinal Deformity (2014)

In pediatric patients, PVCR resulted in small but significant improvements in postoperative FVC and FEV1. In adult patients, no significant increases in PFTs were found. Patients who have the greatest potential for lung and thoracic cage growth after spinal correction are most likely to have improved pulmonary function after PVCR.
Chandelier illumination to complete Descemet stripping through severe hazy cornea during Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (2008)

We describe a technique that uses chandelier illumination during Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in severe bullous keratopathy. A 25-gauge or 27-gauge chandelier illumination fiber inserted through the corneal side port serves as sclera-scattering illumination from the sclerocorneal margin and endoillumination from the anterior chamber and provides excellent visibility for Descemet stripping and intraocular manipulation without obstruction by a hazy cornea. In cases complicated by dense cataract, the chandelier fiber can be inserted transconjunctivally into the pars plana, providing sufficient retroillumination to perform phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation combined with Descemet stripping for a DSAEK triple procedure. Because of the powerful illumination and hands-free nature of the chandelier fiber, Descemet membrane can be visualized clearly and stripped as 1 sheet without inadvertent complications. This new technique is safe and might encourage surgeons to perform DSAEK in challenging cases.
Comparison of health parameters in normal cats fed a limited iodine prescription food vs a conventional diet (2017)

Objectives The objective was to compare the effect on thyroid function in healthy, adult cats fed a limited-iodine food or conventional diet for 24 months. Methods Cats in the limited-iodine group (n = 14) were fed a commercial, dry food containing 0.2 ppm iodine on a dry-matter basis (DMB). Cats in the conventional diet group (n = 12) were fed an identical diet except that the iodine content was 3.2 ppm on a DMB. Both groups were maintained on their respective diets for 24 months. The median age of the cats at baseline was 3.2 years (interquartile range 2.4-4.3). Diagnostic samples were obtained for measurement of serum biochemistry parameters, thyroid hormone concentrations, complete blood count and urinalysis, and thyroid ultrasound examination was performed at baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Results Median serum concentrations of free and total thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone were within respective reference intervals for both test groups at all sampling intervals. Median urine iodine concentrations in the limited-iodine group declined significantly ( P = 0.0001) from baseline and were significantly different than conventional diet ( P ⩽0.0007). Ultrasound examination revealed no significant change in median thyroid height in the limited-iodine group at any time point. Conclusions and relevance Normal serum thyroid hormone concentrations and results of urinalysis and routine biochemical testing confirmed that the limited-iodine food was safely fed for 2 years to healthy, adult cats. Ultrasound examination showing that cats on limited-iodine did not develop a change in thyroid gland height was a further indication of the absence of iatrogenic hypothyroidism in the limited iodine diet group. These results support the lack of obvious side effects associated with feeding a limited-iodine diet for 2 years to healthy, adult cats, a situation that may occur in multi-cat households where healthy cats have access to a limited-iodine diet being used to manage cats with feline hyperthyroidism.
Copper(II) Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (2020)

In an analysis of the structural stability of the coronavirus main protease (Mpro), we identified regions of the protein that could be disabled by cobalt(III)-cation binding to histidines and cysteines [1]. Here we have extended our work to include copper(II) chelates, which we have docked to HIS 41 and CYS 145 in the Mpro active-site region. We have found stable docked structures where Cu(II) could readily bond to the CYS 145 thiolate, which would be lethal to the enzyme.
Synthesis and characterization of transition metal complexes supported by diphosphine phenolate frameworks (2014)

Previous work has shown that m-terphenyl diphosphines support transition metal complexes with diverse metal-central arene interactions dependent on the metal oxidn. state and other ligands in the coordination sphere. To further extend this chem., a POP-pincer terphenyl diphosphine framework bearing a central phenolate ring has been investigated. The central ring shows coordination versatility to support metal coordination via the arene or phenolate moiety. Metalation with iron, cobalt and nickel species of varying oxidns. states have been explored. Variants of this ligand framework with substituents at the position para to the phenolate oxygen have been synthesized to study the effects of electronic environment on arene/phenolate coordination. The redox properties and reactivity of these complexes will be discussed.
The nucleotide sequence of the infectious cloned DNA components of potato yellow mosaic virus (1991)

The complete nucleotide sequence of a Venezuelan isolate of potato yellow mosaic virus (PYMV) has been determined, showing it to be typical of subgroup I geminiviruses in that it is whitefly-transmitted, has a circular, bipartite ssDNA genome and possesses bidirectionally orientated open reading frames (ORFs). The two genomic components have little sequence similarity apart from a common region of 268 nucleotides (nt) which is almost identical. Analysis of ORFs revealed six potential coding regions encoding proteins of Mr greater than 10K, four in PYMV A (2593 nt) and two in PYMV B (2547 nt), which are preceded by regulatory transcription elements and have polyadenylation signals present at the ends. Amino acid sequence alignments of PYMV DNA ORF-encoded proteins with those encoded by other previously sequenced geminivirus ORFs show that PYMV is closely related to those geminiviruses isolated from the New World, especially in the putative coat protein gene regions.
Failure site isolation on passive RFID tags (2008)

Passive RFID tag typically consists of an inert carrier substrate, an antenna and a semiconductor chip. Qualification process of the passive RFID tags includes temperature cycling in high humidity conditions and damp heat storage tests. In order to pass qualification tests, a passive RFID tags needs to respond to queries by a tag reader. There was an unacceptable level of failures of passive RFID tags after exposure to cyclic testing (-40 to 70degC, 95%RH) and damp heat storage (85degC, 85%RH) tests. We performed an evaluation of the materials, manufacturing and assembly processes and qualification testing environment to create a set of possible failure sites with associated failure modes, mechanisms and causes. A physical analysis plan was created and executed to investigate these sites of interest on as-manufactured, exposed and failed passive RFID tags. The analysis included electrical resistance measurements, chemical decapsulation, cross-sectioning, focused ion beam etching (FIB), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis on cross-sections. Based on the analysis, we found damaged passivation layer and delamination between bump and die metallization. We also found instances of poor physical contact between the semiconductor bump and antenna. The analysis of these results led to implementation of several design and assembly process changes, which resulted in high degree of improvements in reliability and performance.
Echocardiographic Parameters at Transplantation Are Independently Associated with Survival of Renal Allograft Recipients (2012)

Introduction: Sequential echocardiography is routinely performed in most patients with ESRD listed for transplantation. The greater benefit of this time and labor intensive investigation in terms of prediction of outcomes remains elusive. We therefore studied the variables obtained in echocardiographic examination as predictors of survival and graft patency. Methods: We investigated 396 first renal transplanted patients listed in the Austrian Dialysis and Transplant registry (OEDTR) who had echocardiographic analysis at transplantation. The OEDTR has complete entries and follow up of all subjects on ESRD in Austria. Cox proportional hazards models with covariables selected by the purposeful selection algorithm were used for analyses. Results: The parameters selected by the purposeful selection algorithm were left ventricular diameter (LA2D), left ventricular function (ELVF), ESA use, hemoglobin, vascular comorbidities, year of transplantation, vintage of dialyses, and CNI use. In this model LA2D independently predicted mortality (HR= 1.06 (95 % CI 1.03-1.09, p < 0.001). Left ventricular function (ELVF) exhibited a more pronounced association but failed significance (HR=1.43, 95 % CI 0.69-2.93, p=0.313). In a cause specific model with cardiac death as event we derived similar results for LA2D: 1.07 (1.01-1.13,p=0.030; ELVF: 0.74 (0.22-2.54,p=0.603). None of the echo parameters predicted graft loss, or the slope of GFR decrease. Conclusions: The left ventricular diameter is associated with survival of renal transplanted patients, but is not predictive for graft loss.
A Foldable and Reconfigurable Monolithic Reflectarray for Space Applications (2020)

An origami-based foldable and reconfigurable Reflectarray Antenna (RA) with multiple apertures is proposed for CubeSat applications. The proposed configuration consists of a central RA embedded in folding panels using Lamina Emergent Torsional (LET) joints based on compliant mechanisms. Depending on the folding direction of these panels (forward or backward), a new RA aperture is formed. The proposed RA along with its folding panels and hinges is fabricated using only a single PCB. A prototype of such an RA with two foldable panels is fabricated and measured. This RA operates in the Ku-band at 16 GHz and provides two pencil beams pointing at (8 = 30°, φ = 0°) and (8 = -30°, φ = 0°), and a dual-beam pointing at (8 = +27°, φ = 0°) and (8 = -29°, φ = 0°). The proposed RA provides a gain of 25 dB and 19 dB in its singleand dual-beam operations, respectively. For CubeSat applications, the key advantages of this RA are its small stowed volume, reconfigurable EM performance, beamsteering capabilities, monolithic construction, low fabrication cost, and reduced complexity.