gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coupled flexural-torsional nonlinear vibrations of microcantilever beams (2007)

In this paper the problem of coupled flexural-torsional nonlinear vibrations of a piezoelectrically-actuated microcantilever beam is investigated considering beam's simultaneous flexural, torsional and longitudinal vibrations. Application of such problem is utilized in several nanotechnological instruments such as atomic force microscopy, nanomechanical cantilever sensors and friction force microscopy. The actuation and sensing are both facilitated through bonding a piezoelectric layer (here, ZnO) on the microcantilever surface. The piezoelectric properties combined with nonlinear geometry of the beam introduce both linear and nonlinear coupling between flexural vibration as well as longitudinal and torsional vibrations. The governing equations of motion are obtained with piezoelectric nonlinearity appearing in quadratic form while inertia and stiffness nonlinearities as cubic. An experimental setup consisting of a commercial piezoelectric microcantilever installed on the stand of an ultramodern laser-based microsystem analyzer is designed and utilized to verify the theoretical developments. First and second flexural natural frequencies are both experimentally and numerically obtained and are shown to be in good agreement. Both linear and nonlinear simulation results are compared with experimental results and it is observed that nonlinear modeling response matches the experimental findings very closely.
Explainable AI for medical imaging: Explaining pneumothorax diagnoses with Bayesian Teaching (2021)

Limited expert time is a key bottleneck in medical imaging. Due to advances in image classification, AI can now serve as decision-support for medical experts, with the potential for great gains in radiologist productivity and, by extension, public health. However, these gains are contingent on building and maintaining experts' trust in the AI agents. Explainable AI may build such trust by helping medical experts to understand the AI decision processes behind diagnostic judgements. Here we introduce and evaluate explanations based on Bayesian Teaching, a formal account of explanation rooted in the cognitive science of human learning. We find that medical experts exposed to explanations generated by Bayesian Teaching successfully predict the AI's diagnostic decisions and are more likely to certify the AI for cases when the AI is correct than when it is wrong, indicating appropriate trust. These results show that Explainable AI can be used to support human-AI collaboration in medical imaging.
Direct silicon bonding dynamics: A coupled fluid/structure analysis (2013)

During direct bonding, a thin gas film is trapped in-between the two wafers, leading to an interactive fluid/structure dynamics. A model of bonding dynamics is formulated using the plate approximation, Reynolds equation, and adhesion forces as the boundary condition at the bonding front. The transient equation is solved numerically in a one dimensional cylindrical case. The entire process, including initiation and propagation of the front, is modelled. The model is supported by experimental data from an original setup involving non-contact optical sensors to measure the vertical movement of the wafer during the bonding sequence.
Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) Router Implementation Report (2014)

This document is an implementation report for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) Router protocol as defined in RFC 6810. The authors did not verify the accuracy of the information provided by respondents. The respondents are experts with the implementations they reported on, and their responses are considered authoritative for the implementations for which their responses represent. The respondents were asked to only use the "YES" answer if the feature had at least been tested in the lab.
Obesity and Breast Cancer (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Study on the Current Situation of Pollution Source Monitoring in Hunan Province (2007)

In order to build the advanced warning system of environmental monitoring,in this article,it has analyzed the current situation and existing problems of the pollution sources monitoring about every regional city of the whole province,put forward the countermeasures of strengthening the pollution sources monitoring and offered the basis for prevention and cure of industrial pollution of the whole province.
Experimental validation of a flexible modeling approach for distillation columns with packings (2014)

The two main concepts for the modeling of distillation columns are the equilibrium‐stage (EQ) and the nonequilibrium‐stage (NEQ). A model is presented which combines decisive features of both conventional concepts. Based on the idea of a reduced nonequilibrium‐stage (RNEQ), this model can be used for the simulation of distillation columns with packings. In contrast to the conventional NEQ approach, this model neglects the influence of liquid side mass‐transfer coefficients, which ultimately allows to come up with only one empirical equation describing the overall mass transfer. Thus, a considerable reduction in model complexity is reached, which allows for an efficient consideration of new experimental distillation results. Fitted to experimental data, the model is able to predict, how different pressures and chemical systems might affect the separation efficiency. By comparing calculation results with experimentally determined separation efficiencies for three different packing types, these valuable RNEQ qualities are illustrated. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 60: 3833–3847, 2014
2′(3′),5′‐Diphosphate des Nucleosids X und N<sup>3</sup>‐alkylierter Uridin–Derivate (1979)

2′(3′), 5′‐Diphosphates of the Nucleoside X and N 3 ‐ Alkylated Uridine Derivatives The synthesis of 2′(3′),5′‐diphosphates of the rare nucleoside X (1a) and the N 3 ‐ alkylated uridine derivatives 1b, c , and 2b has been accomplished by treatement of the nucleosides with 15 fold excess pyrophosphoryl chloride.
The addition of electrophiles on ester enolates containing an oxygen in the β-position. A stereoelectronically controlled reaction (1986)

The enolate anion derived from spiro ketal methyl esters (1, 3, and 4) reacts with various electrophiles (PhSeBr, Ch 3 I, O 2 , I 2 , (CH 3 S) 2 , and (PhS) 2 ) to yield as the major product, the isomer resulting from an equatorial approach of the electrophilic reagent. This stereochemically controlled reaction is discussed in terms of stereoelectronic effects that increase the electron density of the α face of the enolate anion.
The Pto kinase mediates a signaling pathway leading to the oxidative burst in tomato (1996)

The Pto gene encodes a serine/threonine kinase that confers resistance in tomato to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strains that express the avirulence gene avrPto. Partial characterization of the Pto signal transduction pathway and the availability of transgenic tomato lines (+/- Pto) make this an ideal system for exploring the molecular basis of disease resistance. In this paper, we test two transgenic tomato cell suspension cultures (+/-Pto) for production of H2O2 following independent challenge with two strains of P. syringae pv. tomato (+/-avrPto). Only when Pto and avrPto are present in the corresponding organisms are two distinct phases of the oxidative burst seen, a rapid first burst followed by a slower and more prolonged second burst. In the remaining three plant-pathogen interactions, we observe either no burst or only a first burst, indicating that the second burst is correlated with disease resistance. Further support for this observation comes from the finding that both resistant and susceptible tomato lines produce the critical second oxidative burst when challenged with P. syringae pv. tabaci, a nonhost pathogen that elicits a hypersensitive response on both tomato lines. The Pto kinase is not required, however, for the oxidative burst initiated by non-specific elicitors such as oligogalacturonides or osmotic stress. A model describing a possible role for the Pto kinase in the overall scheme of oxidative burst signaling is proposed.
Atomlaser: Aus Bose‐Einstein‐Kondensaten lassen sich kohärente Materiewellen auskoppeln (2000)

Abstract Mit Atomlasern gelingt es, kohärente Materiewellenstrahlen zu erzeugen, die ähnliche Eigenschaften besitzen, wie optische Laserstrahlen. Diese erstaunliche Kontrolle über die Bewegung von Atomen ist durch die Bose‐Einstein‐Kondensation möglich, wobei nahe am absoluten Nullpunkt die Quantennatur von Atomgasen deutlich zu Tage tritt.
Mapping nonlinear receptive field structure in primate retina at single cone resolution (2015)

The function of a neural circuit is shaped by the computations performed by its interneurons, which in many cases are not easily accessible to experimental investigation. Here, we elucidate the transformation of visual signals flowing from the input to the output of the primate retina, using a combination of large-scale multi-electrode recordings from an identified ganglion cell type, visual stimulation targeted at individual cone photoreceptors, and a hierarchical computational model. The results reveal nonlinear subunits in the circuity of OFF midget ganglion cells, which subserve high-resolution vision. The model explains light responses to a variety of stimuli more accurately than a linear model, including stimuli targeted to cones within and across subunits. The recovered model components are consistent with known anatomical organization of midget bipolar interneurons. These results reveal the spatial structure of linear and nonlinear encoding, at the resolution of single cells and at the scale of complete circuits.
Development and Characterization of a Biomimetic Totally Implantable Artificial Basilar Membrane System (2021)

Cochlear implants (CIs) have become the standard treatment for severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss. Conventional CIs have some challenges, such as the use of extracorporeal devices, and high power consumption for frequency analysis. To overcome these, artificial basilar membranes (ABMs) made of piezoelectric materials have been studied. This study aimed to verify the conceptual idea of a totally implantable ABM system. A prototype of the totally implantable system composed of the ABM developed in previous research, an electronic module (EM) for the amplification of electrical output from the ABM, and electrode was developed. We investigated the feasibility of the ABM system and obtained meaningful auditory brainstem responses of deafened guinea pigs by implanting the electrode of the ABM system. Also, an optimal method of coupling the ABM system to the human ossicle for transducing sound waves into electrical signals using the middle ear vibration was studied and the electrical signal output according to the sound stimuli was measured successfully. Although the overall power output from the ABM system is still less than the conventional CIs and further improvements to the ABM system are needed, we found a possibility of the developed ABM system as a totally implantable CIs in the future.
Measurement of 3-axis forces acting on bottom surface of sliding curling-stone (2016)

By using MEMS 3-axis force sensors, we demonstrated that we can measure the three axial force distribution when a curling stone rotates and translates on the ice. We cut a curling stone horizontally in order to separate the stone into two parts. Then we fixed the MEMS 3-axis force sensors between the upper and lower parts. We conducted the measurement experiments at the curling rink, and confirmed that our proposed measurement method is effective to evaluate the force acting on the bottom surface of the curling stone.
An Optimum Land Cover Mapping Algorithm in the Presence of Shadows (2011)

Occurrence of shadowy pixels in remote sensing images is a common phenomenon particularly with passive sensors. In these cases, analysts may mistakenly treat these pixels as a separate land cover class. This may result in the loss of information present in the shadow pixels A better approach may be to correct light intensity values in shadowy pixels and use the light-corrected image to produce the land cover map. Most light intensity correction algorithms are not designed to optimize classification performance. Consequently, the accuracy of the resulting land cover map may be degraded. To address this problem, this paper proposes an algorithm that employs the maximum a posteriori criterion for classifying a multispectral image in the presence of shadows. The observed image is assumed to be the product of a shadow-free image with a light intensity image along with an additive measurement noise. The main purpose of this algorithm is to find the most likely land cover map along with the shadow-free image and light intensity image as byproducts. Our results show that a large number of misclassified pixels can be corrected. Furthermore, in the shadow-free image, the materials in the shadowy regions can also be successfully reconstructed.
Numerical and Experimental Study of Colored Magnetic Particle Mapping via Magnetoelectric Sensors (2023)

Colored imaging of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) is a promising noninvasive method for medical applications such as therapy and diagnosis. This study investigates the capability of the magnetoelectric sensor and projected gradient descent (PGD) algorithm for colored particle detection. In the first step, the required circumstances for image reconstruction are studied via a simulation approach for different signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). The spatial accuracy of the reconstructed image is evaluated based on the correlation coefficient (CC) factor. The inverse problem is solved using the PGD method, which is adapted according to a nonnegativity constraint in the complex domain. The MNP characterizations are assessed through a magnetic particle spectrometer (MPS) for different types. In the experimental investigation, the real and imaginary parts of the MNP's response are used to detect the spatial distribution and particle type, respectively. The experimental results indicate that the average phase difference for CT100 and ARA100 particles is 14 degrees, which is consistent with the MPS results and could satisfy the system requirements for colored imaging. The experimental evaluation showed that the magnetoelectric sensor and the proposed approach could be potential candidates for color bio-imaging applications.
Visualization and quantification of single and multiphase flow in a rough fracture (2022)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;Immiscible displacement of fluids across fractures with spatially variable aperture is key in several subsurface processes, including enhanced oil recovery and geological CO&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt; sequestration. We illustrate the results of an experimental investigation campaign focused on qualitative and quantitative assessment of main features associated with single and multiphase flow in a single fracture, including, e.g., an appraisal of the geometrical parameters of the fracture and the distribution and dynamic characteristics of fluids.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Experiments are performed on fracture replicas reproduced from natural rock blocks, that are artificially split by steer wedges under normal load. Two fracture replicas are then considered, corresponding to (a) a sample molded with synthetic material after the rock sample and (b) the actual rock sample, respectively. This enables one to provide a first appraisal of the impact of the material constituting the wall of the fracture on the multiphase flow system behavior. A transparent upper wall is set in place to enable visualization.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Surface profiles of the fracture are collected, comprising a set of more than 400,000 data of aperture distribution to create a digital twin of the system. These data are first subject to detailed statistical characterization, including standard geostatistical and fractal-based approaches. Experimental data of flow are quantitatively correlated to the key statistical features characterizing fracture geometry under various flow rates and normal loading conditions. Temporal monitoring of fluid saturation distribution enable us to provide a preliminary assessment of the impact of the material constituting the fracture wall (e.g., in terms of its wettability) on fluid saturation distribution.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
O2-triggered changes of membrane fatty acid composition have no effect on Arrhenius discontinuities of respiration in sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) cells. (1985)

Sycamore cells (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) in suspension culture were grown at 25 degrees C in culture medium containing two oxygen concentrations: 250 microM O2 (standard conditions) and 10 microM O2 (O2-limiting conditions). The decrease of O2 concentration in the culture medium did not modify significantly the relative proportion of each phospholipid. In contrast, the molar proportion of fatty acids was dramatically changed in all lipid classes of the cell membranes; the average percentage of oleate increased from 3 to 45% whereas that of linoleate decreased from 49 to 22%. When normal culture conditions were restored (250 microM O2), oleate underwent a rapid desaturation process; the loss of oleic acid was associated with a stoichiometric appearance of linoleic acid at a rate of about 4 nmol of oleate desaturated/h/10(6) cells. Under these conditions, no change in the Arrhenius-type plots of the rate of sycamore cell respiration was observed; the values of the transition temperature and of the Arrhenius activation energy (Ea) associated with the cell respiration as well as with the respiration-associated enzymes remained unchanged. Thus it was concluded that the fact that a strong decrease in the fraction of unsaturated fatty acid residues present in the mitochondria had no effect on electron transport rates and Arrhenius plot discontinuities casts doubt on the significance of such changes in terms of chilling injury. Finally it is suggested that some of the Arrhenius discontinuities observed at the level of membrane enzyme could be the consequence of intrinsic thermotropic changes in protein arrangement independent of lipid fluidity.
1406. Augmented Renal Clearance Using Aminoglycoside Population-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling with Bayesian Estimation in Children in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (2018)

Augmented renal clearance (ARC) in critically ill pediatric patients has been evaluated in limited studies. We evaluated ARC using clearance of aminoglycosides (CLAMINO) derived from population-based pharmacokinetic modeling. A retrospective, cohort study was conducted at two pediatric hospitals in patients who received aminoglycosides from 1999 to 2016. ARC was defined as a CLAMINO of ≥130 mL/minute/1.73 m2 within the first 24 hours of therapy. Pharmacokinetic (PK) models with nonparametric parameter estimation were constructed using Pmetrics in R, with the ultimate model selected by Akaike score and rule of parsimony. Covariate modifiers considered included: age, total body weight (TBW), serum creatinine (SCr) and sex. Noncompartmental analysis was performed on the Bayesian posteriors from the first dose to generate CLAMINO within the first 24 hours and other PK exposure metrics (i.e., area under the curve for first 24 hours [AUC24], maximum concentration [CMAX]). Summary of patient demographics and statistical analysis were performed using GraphPad Prism version 7. ARC was identified in 34 of 117 (29%) subjects using 275 aminoglycoside serum concentrations. A two-compartment model fit the data well (See Figure 1: Population [a], Bayesian [b]). Allometric scaling of CLAMINO utilized a fixed exponent of 0.75 and volume of distribution (VD) scaling utilized a fixed exponent of 1 in the final model. The final population model for CLAMINO (L/hour) was 3.45 × (TBW/40)0.75 + 0.05 × 10(SCr/AGE) and VD was 10.64 × (TBW/40)1. Median age and baseline SCr were similar in those with and without ARC (13 [IQR 10–16] vs. 11.0 [5.0–15.0] years, P = 0.11, and 0.37 [0.27–0.49] vs. 0.38 [0.28–0.50] mg/dL, P = 0.67, respectively). Median TBW was found to be significantly higher in those with vs. without ARC (44.9 [26.9–61.7] vs. 34 [17.6–54.9] kg P = 0.04). Median 24 hours CLAMINO was also found to be significantly higher in those with vs. without ARC (147.3 [138.7–163.9] vs. 94.5 [79.4–112.9], mL/minute/1.73 m2, P < 0.001). Patients with vs. without ARC had significantly lower AUC24 and CMAX (40.7 [33.3–54.4] vs. 55.7[46.7–66.4] mg hour/L, P ≤ 0.001 and 5.06 [4.11–6.76] vs. 6.32 [5–7.44], µg/mL, P = 0.01). The incidence of ARC observed was similar to adult studies. Patients that exhibited ARC had lower AUC24 and CMAX; thus, higher doses may be warranted. All authors: No reported disclosures.
Comparison of the efficacy of sofosbuvir plus ribavirin in Chinese patients with genotype 3a or 3b HCV infection (2019)

SOF plus RBV for 24 weeks in patients with HCV genotype 3 infection resulted in high rates of SVR. However, the SVR12 rate among patients with genotype 3b was lower than that observed in patients with genotype 3a infection, particularly among treatment-experienced patients with cirrhosis.
3D-Printed Dielectric Dual Lens for a 140 GHz CMOS Radar Transceiver (2022)

A 3D-printed focusing structure for a 28 nm CMOS radar-on-chip system operating at 140 GHz is presented. The main feature of this design is the correction of the main beam deflection when off-axis antennas are used to feed the lens. The device consists of two stages: small lenses about 1 free-space wavelength ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\lambda$</tex> ) of radius collocated above the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx), plus a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$4\lambda$</tex> radius lens that collects and focuses the energy from the first stage allowing an overall gain, in simulation, of up to 11.9 dBi. The proposed model is fabricated using selective laser sintering technology and polypropylene material. The design is measured at a system level to corroborate the correction of the main beam deflection and the two-way gain improvement of 10.5 dBi.