gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2004: S100A4 in colorectal cancer - biological function of nuclear localization (2014)

Abstract S100A4 is a Ca2+-binding protein promoting metastasis in several types of tumors. The protein possesses a wide variety of biological functions, and locates to different subcellular compartments including the nucleus, cytoplasm and extracellular space. Even though S100A4 is mainly localized in the latter two compartments, we have previosusly shown that the protein is localized to the nucleus in more aggressive forms of colorectal cancer (CRC) and that nuclear S100A4 has prognostic impact. This may suggest a function of nuclear S100A4 in the regulation of tumor progression and metastasis formation. The CRC cell line SW620 shows heterogeneity in nuclear S100A4 expression and in preliminary experiments we sorted cells into three distinct phases of the cell cycle using Fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS). When comparing the phases, the G2/M cells showed increased accumulation of nuclear S100A4 compared to cells in the G1 and S phase, respectively. Further validation was done using treatment with the cell cycle inhibitors nocodazole or thymidine, followed by subsequent release of cells. Protein expression of S100A4 at selected time points after release did also show accumulation in the nucleus around the G2/M transition making this subcellular translocation interesting for further investigation. Cancer cells are known to have a dysfunctional cell division apparatus and these results made it tempting to speculate whether S100A4 may be involved in cell cycle regulation. To further study the functional importance of the nuclear expression two different approaches were followed. First, CRC cells exclusively expressing S100A4 in the nucleus were made and used to identify downstream targets of nuclear S100A4. At the moment potential targets are being validated. Furthermore, we searched for factors known to be associated with the G2/M phase. Of great interest, the Proximity Ligation Assay (PLA) demonstrated that S100A4 and Cyclin B1, an important regulator of the G2/M transition, are within the same protein complex, and we are currently in the process of further characterizing this interaction. With clinical data linking nuclear expression of S100A4 with aggressive CRC, elucidation of the biological processes involved might unravel novel therapeutic possibilities. Citation Format: Eivind V. Egeland, Kjetil Boye, Kjersti Flatmark, Solveig J. Pettersen, Tove Oyjord, Gunhild M. Maelandsmo. S100A4 in colorectal cancer - biological function of nuclear localization. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2004. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2004
Synthesis, Multiphase Characterization, and Helicity Control in Chiral DACH‐Linked Oligothiophenes (2006)

A new class of chiral oligothiophenes is described. Mono-, bi-, ter-, and quarterthiophenes have been linked to enantiopure trans-1,2-cyclohexanediamine (DACH) via diamino or diimino moieties. The stereochemistry of DACH, the type of linker, and oligothiophene size determine the conformational flexibility of these molecules and consequently their molecular and supramolecular helicity in solution and in the solid state. The case of diaminobis(bithiophene), which inverts helicity and shows chiral amplification in the transition from solution to film, is described in detail. Based on the combined use of circular dichroism in solution and in the solid state, single-crystal/thin-film X-ray diffraction, and polarized optical microscopy, a working mechanism has been proposed to explain this unexpected behavior.
Efficacy and safety of alirocumab in Korean patients with hypercholesterolemia and high cardiovascular risk: subanalysis of the ODYSSEY-KT study (2018)

Alirocumab has demonstrated to be effective in improvement of LDL-C and related lipid profiles in Korean cohort. Alirocumab was generally well tolerated with no significant safety signals.
Struktur eines an virusähnliche Partikel gekoppelten Antigens: Analyse einer Impfstoff‐Formulierung (2021)

Abstract Die Strukturbestimmung Wirkverstärker‐gekoppelter Antigene ist für eine rationale Impfstoffentwicklung unerlässlich, wurde aber bisher durch den recht geringen Antigengehalt in Impfstoff‐Formulierungen und durch deren heterogene Zusammensetzung erschwert. Wir zeigen, dass die Festkörper‐NMR mit Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) zur Bestimmung der Struktur des Influenza‐Virus‐Hämagglutinin‐Stiel‐Antigens verwendet werden kann, und dies sowohl in seiner freien Form sowie nach chemischer Kopplung an die Oberfläche großer virusähnlicher Partikel (VLPs). Die Steigerung der Sensitivität durch dynamische nukleare Polarisation (DNP) und Protonen‐Detektion bei schnellen MAS‐Raten ermöglicht es, den mit der Antigenverdünnung verbundenen Nachteil auszugleichen. Der Vergleich der MAS‐NMR‐Fingerabdrücke zwischen freier und VLP‐gekoppelter Antigenform liefert strukturelle Beweise für die Erhaltung seiner nativen Faltung nach der Bio‐Konjugation. Die hochempfindliche MAS‐NMR ist reif, um eine wichtige Rolle bei Impfstoffdesign, Formulierungsstudien und der Entwicklung von Herstellungsprozessen zu spielen.
Controlled fabrication of multilayer soft-x-ray mirrors (1980)

Multilayer mirrors have been fabricated for various angles of incidence throughout the wavelength range λ=1.5–160 Å. Reflectivity increases by more than a factor 103 over the best single-film reflectors have been obtained. Measured reflectivities are around 10% near normal incidence in the λ=45–160-Å wavelength region and above 50% near grazing incidence (grazing angle 1°–2°) for λ=1.54 Å. The required thickness control has been achieved by monitoring the reflectivity of the films in situ during the deposition.
A compressive sampling approach for brain-machine interfaces based on transcranial Doppler sonography: A case study of resting-state maximal cerebral blood velocity signals (2013)

Transcranial Doppler sonography was recently proposed as an approach for brain-machine interfaces. However, monitoring maximal cerebral blood flow velocity signals for extensive time periods can generate large volumes of data for processing. In this paper, a compressive sensing (CS) approach is proposed based on a time-frequency dictionary formed by modulated discrete prolate spheroidal sequences (MDPSS). To test the proposed scheme, we examined maximal cerebral blood flow velocity signals acquired from 20 healthy subjects during a resting state. The results of our analysis clearly depicted that these signals can be accurately reconstructed using only 30% and 50% of original samples. Hence, the proposed MDPSS-based CS approach is a valid tool for diminishing the number of acquired samples during brain-machine operations using transcranial Doppler sonography.
Exposure to the herbicide acetochlor alters thyroid hormone-dependent gene expression and metamorphosis in Xenopus Laevis. (2002)

A growing number of substances released into the environment disrupt normal endocrine mechanisms in a wide range of vertebrates. Little is known about the effects and identities of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that target thyroid hormone (TH) action, particularly at the cellular level. Frog tadpole metamorphosis depends completely on TH, which has led to the suggestion of a metamorphosis-based assay for screening potential EDCs. A major mechanism of TH action is the alteration of gene expression via hormone-bound nuclear receptors. To assess the gene expression profiles in the frog model, we designed a novel multispecies frog cDNA microarray. Recently, the preemergent herbicide acetochlor was shown to accelerate 3,5,3 -triiodothyronine (T3)-induced forelimb emergence and increase mRNA expression of thyroid hormone ss receptors in ranid tadpoles. Here we show that T3-induced metamorphosis of Xenopus laevis, a species commonly used in the laboratory, is accelerated upon acute exposure to an environmentally relevant level of acetochlor. The morphologic changes observed are preceded by alterations in gene expression profiles detected in the tadpole tail, and the nature of these profiles suggest a novel mechanism of action for acetochlor.
Commentary on: Three-Dimensional Evaluation of the Depressor Anguli Oris and Depressor Labii Inferioris for Botulinum Toxin Injections (2020)

I read with interest this article on a simple way to precisely identify the depressor anguli oris (DAO) and the nearby depressor labii inferioris (DLI) muscles, based on the authors’ 3-dimensional (3D) evaluations of cadaver specimens.1 Next, I did some drawings with an eyeliner on one of my staff to verify anatomic landmarks and distances before performing an off-label injection of neurotoxin into the DAO (Figure 1). The inherent simplicity of the authors’ approach for defining the DAO was impressive. Clinical applications of cosmetic neurotoxins in the face have continued to expand far beyond the corrugator, frontalis, orbicularis oculi, and platysma to now include advanced locations in the masseter, mentalis, and DAO. A precise knowledge of anatomy is needed to avoid inadvertent collateral paralysis of the zygomaticus when injecting the masseter and of the DLI when injecting the DAO. The authors are to be congratulated on combining...
Expression <i>in vivo</i> of CD45RA, CD45RB and CD44 on T cell receptor‐transgenic CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells following immunization (1995)

We used mice transgenic for a major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted T cell receptor to study the changes of phenotype in vivo which follow priming by antigen of CD8 T cells. We show that following priming with peptide, CD44 on CD8 T cells is up-regulated. The change of phenotype was relatively stable, as primed CD8 cells isolated from thymectomized mice 6 weeks after priming still expressed increased levels of CD44. CD8 T cells in these mice are still responsive to peptide and could represent long-lived primed cells. No down-regulation in vivo of the CD45RA or CD45RB isoforms was found, indicating that there is a differential regulation of the expression of CD44 and CD45RB by activated CD8 transgenic T cells. These results contradict earlier studies in vitro which showed that CD8 T cells which have been primed earlier belong to the CD45RA- or CD45RB- subset.
Targeted self-assembly and quantum Monte Carlo magnetic study of an alternating nickel(ii) 1D coordination polymer composed of highly preorganized binuclear tectons (2008)

A pyrazolate-based binucleating ligand HL with pyridyl groups in the chelate arms has been used to synthesize the dinickel(II) complex [LNi2(N3)(MeOH)2](ClO4)2 (1) and the corresponding 1D polymeric [LNi2(mu-N3)2]n(NO3)n (2) depending on the amount of NaN3 added. X-Ray crystallography shows that structural parameters of the (LNi2(N3)) units are very similar in both compounds. This is ascribed to pi-pi stacking between the pyridyl rings that leads to rigidification of the framework and a fixed cis-orientation of the remaining coordination sites, which are filled by MeOH molecules in or by a mu1,3-bridging azide that connects the subunits in 2. Variable-temperature magnetic measurements reveal strong antiferromagnetic coupling with parameters g = 2.21 and J = -60.7 cm(-1) for compound 1. Magnetic data for the extended chain 2 have been analyzed by Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations to give g = 2.34, J1 = -55 cm(-1), and J2 = -12 cm(-1). The known J value for finally allows unambiguous assignment of J1 to the intrasubunit coupling within each bimetallic chain constituent. The alternation ratio gamma = J2/J1 signifies a singlet-dimer ground state of the new 1D polymer 2.
Theoretical and experimental study of the electromechanical electret slit-effect transducer (1984)

Theoretical and experimental investigations of the electromechanical electret slit-effect transducer are presented. After deriving the basic equations of the bidirectional (or reciprocal) transducer from known relations for electret fields, the force and the electric response are calculated for a very general case. From these fundamental equations, the responses of slit-effect devices with symmetric bipolar electrets, with monopolar electrets, and with one-sided metallised electrets are deduced. Experimental results confirm the theoretically predicted linearity and yield an electromechanical reciprocity constant of the order of 1 mu NV-1 for a single-element slit-effect transducer. Furthermore, force and dynamic voltage-response measurements of a 20-element transducer are reported. Finally, technological problems and possible applications of slit-effect devices are discussed.
Hsp40 Couples with the CSPα Chaperone Complex upon Induction of the Heat Shock Response (2009)

In response to a conditioning stress, the expression of a set of molecular chaperones called heat shock proteins is increased. In neurons, stress-induced and constitutively expressed molecular chaperones protect against damage induced by ischemia and neurodegenerative diseases, however the molecular basis of this protection is not known. Here we have investigated the crosstalk between stress-induced chaperones and cysteine string protein (CSPalpha). CSPalpha is a constitutively expressed synaptic vesicle protein bearing a J domain and a cysteine rich "string" region that has been implicated in the long term functional integrity of synaptic transmission and the defense against neurodegeneration. We have shown previously that the CSPalpha chaperone complex increases isoproterenol-mediated signaling by stimulating GDP/GTP exchange of Galpha(s). In this report we demonstrate that in response to heat shock or treatment with the Hsp90 inhibitor geldanamycin, the J protein Hsp40 becomes a major component of the CSPalpha complex. Association of Hsp40 with CSPalpha decreases CSPalpha-CSPalpha dimerization and enhances the CSPalpha-induced increase in steady state GTP hydrolysis of Galpha(s). This newly identified CSPalpha-Hsp40 association reveals a previously undescribed coupling of J proteins. In view of the crucial importance of stress-induced chaperones in the protection against cell death, our data attribute a role for Hsp40 crosstalk with CSPalpha in neuroprotection.
Response of the lipid and aqueous layers of the precorneal tear film to horizontal saccades. Novel findings and a new paradigm (2011)

Abstract Purpose To consider the effect of horizontal saccades on the lipid and aqueous layers of the tear film. Methods i. The interference pattern of the tear film lipid layer (TFLL) was studied in the left eye of 6 normal subjects, using the DR‐1TM video‐interferometer. Images were recorded continuously within a single interblink, with the eye in the primary position to capture the TFLL pattern: a. at least 1 second after the blink, when the pattern had stabilised and b. immediately after return to the primary position following a nasal saccade. ii. In a separate study, the movements of the aqueous layer, stained with fluorescein, were recorded during horizontal saccades, using standard slit‐lamp video equipment. Results i. In all subjects, the TFLL pattern after the first return saccade strongly resembled the initial pattern, but showed some degradation with multiple saccades. ii. The stained, precorneal aqueous layer moved with the cornea during saccades, with minimal displacement which was rectified on return to the primary position. Conclusion Two alternative explanations are offered for these findings: i. The precorneal TFLL is ‘glued’ to the aqueous subphase so that these fluid layers move together with the cornea, during horizontal rotations of the eye. ii.Cooling of the tear film during the interblink, causes an increase in stiffness of the viscoelastic TFLL, so that it behaves like a stable carapace, uninfluenced by movements of the aqueous layer. Further experiments are planned to resolve these alternative hypotheses.
Prise en charge endoscopique des fistules post »Sleeve« gastrectomie: l'expérience montpelliéraine (2010)

Introduction: La »Sleeve« Gastrectomie sous Laparoscopie« (LSG) est une technique récemment validée par l' HAS (2008) dans le traitement chirurgical des patients avec obésité morbide. Sa morbidité est évaluée entre 0,5 et 7% en fonction des séries. La survenue d'une fuite sur la ligne d'agrafage est la principale complication, potentiellement létale. Nous rapportons l'expérience de notre centre dans la prise en charge endoscopique de cette complication.
Recruitment of prefrontal-striatal circuit in response to skilled motor challenge (2017)

A variety of physical fitness regimens have been shown to improve cognition, including executive function, yet our understanding of which parameters of motor training are important in optimizing outcomes remains limited. We used functional brain mapping to compare the ability of two motor challenges to acutely recruit the prefrontal-striatal circuit. The two motor tasks - walking in a complex running wheel with irregularly spaced rungs or walking in a running wheel with a smooth internal surface - differed only in the extent of skill required for their execution. Cerebral perfusion was mapped in rats by intravenous injection of [C]-iodoantipyrine during walking in either a motorized complex wheel or in a simple wheel. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was quantified by whole-brain autoradiography and analyzed in three-dimensional reconstructed brains by statistical parametric mapping and seed-based functional connectivity. Skilled or simple walking compared with rest, increased rCBF in regions of the motor circuit, somatosensory and visual cortex, as well as the hippocampus. Significantly greater rCBF increases were noted during skilled walking than for simple walking. Skilled walking, unlike simple walking or the resting condition, was associated with a significant positive functional connectivity in the prefrontal-striatal circuit (prelimbic cortex-dorsomedial striatum) and greater negative functional connectivity in the prefrontal-hippocampal circuit. Our findings suggest that the level of skill of a motor training task determines the extent of functional recruitment of the prefrontal-corticostriatal circuit, with implications for a new approach in neurorehabilitation that uses circuit-specific neuroplasticity to improve motor and cognitive functions.
Induction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Umbilical Cord Blood (2012)

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have become an important tool for the studies of human cell specification, disease modeling, and drug screening. They also hold promise for regenerative medicine as a potential source of patient-specific donor cells. Human cord blood (CB) represents one of the most accessible sources of somatic cells, with extensive and diverse archived samples available. The successful reprogramming of umbilical CB cells stored for more than 20 years suggests a minimal effect of storage on their properties, and opens these stocks for future exploration. Although isolated stem cells/progenitors and the viral delivery of reprogramming factors were utilized in the initial CB reprogramming methods, recent studies have demonstrated the efficient generation of hiPSCs free of exogenous sequences from just 1 ml of CB, using the unfractionated total mononuclear cells and the non-integrating Epstein–Barr virus-based episomal vectors with only one round of transfection. Advancing CB-derived hiPSCs towards clinical applications will require the development of completely defined conditions for hiPSC derivation and differentiation, and an evaluation of the therapeutic efficiency and safety of these cells in animal models.


Keywords:

Pluripotent stem cells;
Embryonic stem cells;
Induced pluripotent stem cells;
Umbilical cord blood
Staphylococcus aureus toxin suppresses antigen-specific T cell responses (2019)

Staphylococcus aureus remains a leading cause of human infection. These infections frequently recur when the skin is a primary site of infection, especially in infants and children. In contrast, invasive staphylococcal disease is less commonly associated with reinfection, suggesting that tissue-specific mechanisms govern the development of immunity. Knowledge of how S. aureus manipulates protective immunity has been hampered by a lack of antigen-specific models to interrogate the T cell response. Using a chicken egg OVA-expressing S. aureus strain to analyze OVA-specific T cell responses, we demonstrated that primary skin infection was associated with impaired development of T cell memory. Conversely, invasive infection induced antigen-specific memory and protected against reinfection. This defect in adaptive immunity following skin infection was associated with a loss of DCs, attributable to S. aureus α-toxin (Hla) expression. Gene- and immunization-based approaches to protect against Hla during skin infection restored the T cell response. Within the human population, exposure to α-toxin through skin infection may modulate the establishment of T cell-mediated immunity, adversely affecting long-term protection. These studies prompt consideration that vaccination targeting S. aureus may be most effective if delivered prior to initial contact with the organism.
Three-dimensional electronic unpacking of packed bags using 3-D CT images (2009)

We present a 3-D electronic unpacking technique for airport security images based on volume rendering techniques developed for medical applications. Two electronic unpacking techniques are presented: (1) object-based unpacking and (2) unpacking by bag-slicing. Both techniques provide photo-realistic 3-D views of contents inside a packed bag with clearly marked threats. For the object-based unpacking, the 3-D objects within packed bags are unpacked (or isolated) though object selection tools that cut away undesired regions to isolates the 3-D object from the background clutter. With this selection tool, the operator is able to electronically unpack various 3-D objects and manipulate (rotate and zoom) the 3-D photo-realistic views for the immediate classification of the suspect object. The unpacking by bag-slicing technique places arbitrary cut planes to show the content beyond the cut plane that can be stepped forward or backward electronically. The methods may be used to reduce the need for manual unpacking of suitcases.
An explicit formula for the interface tension of the 2D Potts model (1992)

We consider the exact correlation length calculations for the two-dimensional Potts model at the transition point βt by Klümper, Schadschneider and Zittartz, and by Buffenoir and Wallon. We argue that the correlation length calculated by the latter authors is the correlation length in the disordered phase and then combine their result with duality and the assumption of complete wetting to give an explicit formula for the order-disorder interface tension σod of this model. The result is used to clarify a controversy stemming from different numerical simulations of σod.
Evidence for anticipation in autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. (1998)

Anticipation, an increase in severity or decrease in age of onset (AO) inherent in the transmission of the disease gene from affected parent to affected child, has been increasingly described in human disease. To assess anticipation in a large kindred in which autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD1A) is segregating, age of disease onset was collected from patient interviews of affected family members. A total of 25 parent-offspring pairs, in which the parents are three (3R), four (4R), or five (5R) generations removed from a common founding ancestor, were available for analysis. Life table analyses showed significant decreases in age at first reported symptoms in the offspring of the 3R (chi2=5.55, p=0.02) and 4R (chi2=7.81, p=0.005) parents. Pairwise analyses confirmed this decrease with a median decrease of 13 years in transmission to offspring from 3R parents and 18 years in transmission to offspring from 4R parents. The finding of anticipation in this pedigree suggests that the mutation in LGMD1A may be the result of the expansion of an unstable trinucleotide repeat.