gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
How to Fashion the Bone Block for Reconstruction of the Glenoid in Anterior and Posterior Instability (2022)

Patients with anterior instability required a more rectangular BFBB with a bone block-glenoid interface angle of 79°, whereas patients with posterior instability required a more trapezoidal, obtusely oriented BFBB with a bone block-glenoid interface angle of 39°. BFBBs for either AGBL or PGBL can be effectively designed, and their size and/or shape can be predicted based on approximate percentage of GBL.
Van Hove anomaly in the phonon dispersion of monolayer Ar/Pt(111) (1990)

Inelastic He scattering has been used to study the surface-phonon dispersion and phonon linewidths of the Ar monolayer physisorbed on Pt(111). As in the previously studied Kr/Pt(111) system a strong vibrational coupling between the adlayer and the Pt substrate is found. In addition, a pronounced enhancement of the linewidth broadening in a narrow region in reciprocal space has been observed, presenting the first experimental evidence of adsorbate coupling to the longitudinal bulk band edge and the longitudinal surface resonance of the Pt substrate due to the Van Hove singularity of the projected phonon density of states.
Two-dimensional fractional Brownian motion: wavelet analysis and synthesis (2002)

Two-dimensional fractional Brownian motion (2D FBM) is a non-stationary random process that displays fractal (or self-similar properties). Its correlation function and power spectral density both follow power-law forms. Its fractal nature is characterized by a self-similarity parameter, termed the Hurst (1951) exponent H. We first demonstrate how a power-law spectral density arises from the definition of 2D FBM. We then consider the wavelet transform of 2D FBM, and show how it can be used to estimate H. Finally, we consider the converse problem and demonstrate how wavelets can be used to synthesize processes with power spectral densities close to those of 2D FBM. The results demonstrate that from an analysis point of view, the wavelet transform of 2D FBM retains the self-similar properties of the original signal, and can be used to estimate the self-similarity parameter of the process. This parameter is important in texture recognition, and as a measure of the roughness of a fractal surface.
Rate of environmental change determines stress response specificity (2013)

Cells use general stress response pathways to activate diverse target genes in response to a variety of stresses. However, general stress responses coexist with more specific pathways that are activated by individual stresses, provoking the fundamental question of whether and how cells control the generality or specificity of their response to a particular stress. Here we address this issue using quantitative time-lapse microscopy of the Bacillus subtilis environmental stress response, mediated by σ(B). We analyzed σ(B) activation in response to stresses such as salt and ethanol imposed at varying rates of increase. Dynamically, σ(B) responded to these stresses with a single adaptive activity pulse, whose amplitude depended on the rate at which the stress increased. This rate-responsive behavior can be understood from mathematical modeling of a key negative feedback loop in the underlying regulatory circuit. Using RNAseq we analyzed the effects of both rapid and gradual increases of ethanol and salt stress across the genome. Because of the rate responsiveness of σ(B) activation, salt and ethanol regulons overlap under rapid, but not gradual, increases in stress. Thus, the cell responds specifically to individual stresses that appear gradually, while using σ(B) to broaden the cellular response under more rapidly deteriorating conditions. Such dynamic control of specificity could be a critical function of other general stress response pathways.
Parallel $(k)$-Clique Community Detection on Large-Scale Networks (2012)

The analysis of real-world complex networks has been the focus of recent research. Detecting communities helps in uncovering their structural and functional organization. Valuable insight can be obtained by analyzing the dense, overlapping, and highly interwoven k-clique communities. However, their detection is challenging due to extensive memory requirements and execution time. In this paper, we present a novel, parallel k-clique community detection method, based on an innovative technique which enables connected components of a network to be obtained from those of its subnetworks. The novel method has an unbounded, user-configurable, and input-independent maximum degree of parallelism, and hence is able to make full use of computational resources. Theoretical tight upper bounds on its worst case time and space complexities are given as well. Experiments on real-world networks such as the Internet and the World Wide Web confirmed the almost optimal use of parallelism (i.e., a linear speedup). Comparisons with other state-of-the-art k-clique community detection methods show dramatic reductions in execution time and memory footprint. An open-source implementation of the method is also made publicly available.
Poly[[μ-(3-aminopyridine)-κ<sup>2</sup><i>N</i>:<i>N</i>′-μ-chlorido-chlorido(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′-dimethylformamide-κ<i>O</i>)nickel(II)]<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′-dimethylformamide monosolvate] (2012)

The title compound, {[NiCl(2)(C(5)H(6)N(2))(C(3)H(7)NO)]·C(3)H(7)NO}(n), is a two-dimensional polymer in which the Ni(II) atom is coordinated by two N atoms from two 3-amino-pyridine ligands, one O atom from a dimethyl-formamide (DMF) group, one terminal Cl and two bridging Cl atoms in a distorted octa-hedral geometry. The Ni(II) atoms are bridged by the 3-amino-pyridine ligands [Ni⋯N = 6.7048 (3) Å] and Cl(-) atoms [Ni⋯N = 3.5698 (3) Å], forming (4,4) two-dimensional nets. The DMF solvent mol-ecule and the non-bridged Cl(-) ions participate in N-H⋯O and N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds with the amino groups.
3E1022 Direct electron microscopy of protein crystals and Mvconlasma cells in solution using the Atmosnheric SEM(Proteins:Structure,Oral Presentation,The 50th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan) (2012)

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The Isolation of Cell Surface Mutants of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus RAG-1 (1981)

The isolation of cell surface mutants of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus RAG-1 was demonstrated by a method based on the differential immunoprecipitating properties of wild-type cells and mutants. In the presence of antiserum, about 99% of wild-type cells in suspension sedimented following overnight agglutination. The kinetics of antiserum-induced agglutination was quantified by measuring the time-dependent decrease in turbidity. For mutant isolation, a sample of the cells remaining in the supernatant fluid served as inoculum for a fresh culture. This enrichment procedure of sequential growth and agglutination was repeated until the supernatant fluid following the overnight agglutination step remained turbid. Of the 40 colonies isolated in this manner, 34 exhibited altered agglutination properties. The agglutinability of wild-type cells varied with the phase of growth - cells harvested during the exponential phase were agglutinated better than those in stationary phase. In contrast, the antiserum-induced agglutination of most mutants was poor during the early phases of growth, but improved during late-stationary phase. One mutant failed to agglutinate in the presence of antiserum irrespective of the phase of growth.
Cloning and That Affects Characterization of CER2, an Arabidopsis Gene Cuticular Wax Accumulation (1996)

Cuticular waxes are complex mixtures of very long chain fatty acids and their derivatives that cover plant surfaces. Mu-tants of the ECERFERUMP (cer2) gene of Arabidopsis condition bright green stems and siliques, indicative of the relatively low abundance of the cuticular wax crystals that comprise the wax bloom on wild-type plants. We cloned the CERP gene via chromosome walking. Three lines of evidence establish that the cloned sequence represents the CERP gene: (1) this sequence is capable of complementing the cer2 mutant phenotype in transgenic plants; (2) the corresponding DNA se-quence isolated from plants homozygous for the cer2-2 mutant allele contains a sequence polymorphism that generates a premature stop codon; and (3) the deduced CER2 protein sequence exhibits sequence similarity to that of a maize gene (glossy2) that also is involved in cuticular wax accumulation. The CERP gene encodes a nove1 protein with a predicted mass of 47 kD. We studied the expression pattern of the CERP gene by in situ hybridization and analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis plants carrying a CERP-p-glucuronidase gene fusion that includes 1.O kb immediately upstream of CERP and 0.2 kb of CERP coding sequences. These studies demonstrate that the CERP gene is expressed in an organ- and tissue-specific manner; CERP is expressed at high levels only in the epidermis of young siliques and stems. This finding is consistent with the visible phenotype associated with mutants of the CERP gene. Hence, the 1.2-kb fragment of the CERP gene used to construct the CERP-P-glucuronidase gene fusion includes all of the genetic information required for the epidermis-specific accumulation of CERP mRNA.
Perlecan: a major IL‐2‐binding proteoglycan in murine spleen (2007)

Although interleukin-2 (IL-2) is typically considered a soluble cytokine, our laboratory has shown that the availability of IL-2 in lymphoid tissues is regulated, in part, by an association with heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan. Heparan sulfate is usually found in proteoglycan form, in which the heparan sulfate chains are covalently linked to a specific core protein. We now show that perlecan is one of the major IL-2-binding heparan sulfate proteoglycans in murine spleen. IL-2 binds perlecan via heparan sulfate chains, as enzymatic removal of heparan sulfate from splenic perlecan abolishes its ability to bind IL-2. Furthermore, we demonstrate that perlecan-bound IL-2 supports the proliferation of an IL-2-dependent cell line. Identification of perlecan as a major heparan sulfate proteoglycan that binds IL-2 has implications for both the localization and regulation of IL-2 in vivo.
Novel Technique for Measuring Low Molecular Weight Chemicals in Indoor Dust (2002)

A new technique is described which can measure low molecular weight compounds adsorbed onto dust parti cles in a simple yet accurate way. The technique, gas chromatography-ultraviolet spectrometry (GC-UV), com prises a one-stage thermal desorption oven, a gas flow cell with a miniaturised GC column, and a nitrogen- flushed photo diode array (PDA) detector for fast UV spectra recording. The dust sample is thermally de sorbed in the oven and the compounds released are flushed onto the GC column by means of a carrier gas stream. The separated compounds are then registered by the PDA detector and identified by their characteristic gas-phase UV spectra. This method enables the analysis of volatile organic as well as inorganic compounds ad sorbed onto dust particles, many of which are difficult to analyse together in one single analysis using conven tional methods. For example, both nitric oxide and am monia can be analysed, as well as hydrogen sulphide, pyridine, 2-furaldehyde, 2-methylfuran, and isoprene. It is concluded that GC-UV may be used as an alternative or to complement other methods for measuring chemi cals in indoor dusts, thus improving survey and control of the human exposure to particle-bound irritants and other chemicals.
Fabrication of Nanotips for Microelectrode Array Sensors Using Meniscus Etching (2006)

In this paper, a substantially improved method of fabricating glass microelectrode array sensors for in situ measurements is reported. Meniscus etching with HF-based etchant was used to fabricate nanotips in a repeatable and consistent manner. The meniscus etching process was fully characterized for the etching of glass probe arrays, both numerically and experimentally. Overall, this fabrication method provides a simple, repeatable, high yield, low cost approach to fabricating sharp (<200 nm) microelectrodes with tip angles from 4deg to 49deg. To demonstrate superior robustness of the improved microelectrodes, probes were successfully penetrated into agarose biofilm surrogate more than 25 times without any damage or degradation to perform reduction oxidation potential (ORP) measurements.
<i>Clostridioides difficile</i> binary toxin binding component (CDTb) increases virulence in a hamster model (2021)

Abstract Clostridioides difficile is the leading cause of hospital-acquired gastrointestinal infection, in part due to the existence of binary toxin (CDT)-expressing hypervirulent strains. We have previously shown that CDT interacts with the TLR2/6 heterodimer to induce inflammation, and in this study we further explore this interaction as well as the contribution of the separate components of CDT, CDTa and CDTb. We found that the binding component, CDTb, is capable of inducing inflammation. Additionally, complementation of a CDT-deficient C. difficile strain with CDTb alone restored virulence in a hamster model of C. difficile infection. Overall, this study demonstrates that the binding component of C. difficile binary toxin contributes to virulence during infection.
Recovery from Heat Shock in Heat-Tolerant and Nontolerant Variants of Creeping Bentgrass (1997)

Recovery from the heat-shock response was tested in heat-tolerant (selected bentgrass [SB]) and nontolerant (nonselected bentgrass [NSB]) variants of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) SB increased incorporation of radioactive amino acids into protein 2 h earlier than NSB when leaf blades were incubated at the recovery temperature following heat shock. Electrophoresis indicated that heat-shock protein (HSP) synthesis decreased and normal protein synthesis increased at 4 h in SB and at 6 to 8 h in NSB. Increased synthesis of normal proteins was not due to increased abundance of normal mRNAs, which were equivalent in SB and NSB at 4 h. But at 4 h, more of the normal mRNA population was associated with polysomes in SB than in NSB. Synthesis of HSP70 and HSP18 decreased earlier in SB than in NSB. The decreased synthesis of these HSPs appeared to be correlated with decreased mRNA abundance. But at 4 h, some of the HSP18 mRNA may have been associated with heat-shock granules in SB. Synthesis of HSP25 continued through the 8-h recovery in both variants. Although the abundance of HSP25 was equivalent in SB and NSB during heat shock and recovery, more HSP25 mRNA was associated with polysomes in SB than in NSB.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Chiron for Substituted Cyclohexanones. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Use of remote sensing data to enhance the performance of a hydrodynamic simulation of a partially frozen power plant cooling lake (2009)

The effectiveness of a power generation site's cooling pond has a significant impact on the overall efficiency of a power plant. The ability to monitor a cooling pond using thermal remote sensing, coupled with hydrodynamic models, is a valuable tool for determining the driving characteristics of a cooling system. However, the thermodynamic analysis of a cooling lake can become significantly more complex when a power generation site is located in a northern climate. The heated effluent from a power plant entering a cooling lake is often not enough to keep a lake from freezing during winter months. Once the lake is partially or fully frozen, the predictive capabilities of the hydrodynamic model are weakened due to an insulating surface layer of ice and snow. Thermal imagery of a cooling pond was collected over a period of approximately 16 weeks in tandem with high-density thermal measurements both in open water and embedded in ice, meteorological data, and snow layer characterization data. The proposed research presents a method to employ thermal imagery to improve the performance of a 3-D hydrodynamic model of a power plant cooling pond in the presence of ice and snow.
Inverted topside-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (2004)

Top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDS) for next-generation active-matrix OLED-displays (AM-OLEDs) are discussed. The emission of light via the conductive transparent top-contact is considered necessary in terms of integrating OLED-technology to standard Si-based driver circuitry. The inverted OLED configuration (IOLED) in particular allows for the incorporation of more powerful n-channel field-effect transistors preferentially used for driver backplanes in AM-OLED displays. To obtain low series resistance the overlying transparent electrode was realized employing low-power radio-frequency magnetron sputter-deposition of indium-tin-oxide (ITO). The devices introduce a two-step sputtering sequence to reduce damage incurred by the sputtering process paired with the buffer and hole transporting material pentacene. Systematic optimization of the organic growth sequence focused on device performance characterized by current and luminous efficiencies is conducted. Apart from entirely small-molecule-based IOLED that yield 9.0 cd/A and 1.6 lm/W at 1.000 cd/m<sup>2</sup> a new approach involving highly conductive polyethylene dioxythiophene-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as anode buffers is presented. Such hybrid IOLEDs show luminance of 1.000 cd/m<sup>2</sup> around 10 V at efficiencies of 1.4 lm/W and 4.4 cd/A.
Fermi surface topology and nontrivial Berry phase in the flat-band semimetal <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Pd</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mi>Pb</mml:mi></mml:math> (2020)

A study of the Fermi surface of the putative topological semimetal ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{3}\mathrm{Pb}$ has been carried out using Shubnikov--de Haas (SdH) oscillations measured in fields of up to 60 T. ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{3}\mathrm{Pb}$ has garnered attention in the community due to a peculiar Fermi surface that has been proposed theoretically by Ahn, Pickett, and Lee, Phys. Rev. B 98, 035130 (2018) to host a dispersionless band along $X\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}$ as well as multiple triply degenerate band crossings that, under the influence of spin-orbit coupling, lead to ten fourfold degenerate Dirac points. Analysis of the SdH oscillation data verifies the calculated multisheet Fermi surface, revealing a $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}$ centered spheroid that had not been resolved experimentally in prior studies. A comprehensive, angle-dependent analysis of the phase of the SdH oscillations convincingly demonstrates a nontrivial Berry phase for two bands along $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}\ensuremath{-}R$, supporting the theoretical predictions, while simultaneously evidencing interference between extremal orbits that mimics a trivial Berry phase at intermediate angles.
Task allocation interface design and personalization in gamified participatory sensing for tourism (2021)

The collection of spatiotemporal tourism information is important in smart tourism and user-generated contents are perceived as reliable information. Participatory sensing is a useful method for collecting such data, and the active contribution of users is an important aspect for continuous and efficient data collection. This study has focused on the impact of task allocation interface design and individual personality on data collection efficiency and their contribution in gamified participatory sensing for tourism. We have designed two types of interfaces: a map-based with active selection and a chat-based with passive selection. Moreover, different levels of elaborateness and indirectness have been introduced into the chat-based interface. We have employed the Gamification User Types Hexad framework to identify the differences in the contributions and interface preferences of different user types. The results of our tourism experiment with 108 participants show that the map-based interface collects more data, while the chat-based interface collects data for spots with higher information demand. We also found that the contribution to sensing behavior and interface preference differed depending on the individual user type.
High-energy femtosecond pulsed laser micromachining of thin film deposited silicon in self-focused air medium (2002)

The ultrashort pulsed laser ablation of silicon wafers deposited with 1 μm thin film of SiC was performed in air medium using a 1 mJ, 120 fs, 800 nm Ti:sapphire laser, the objective being to determine the self-focusing capability of air to produce nanostructures. The effects of pulse energy, the number of pulses, pulse repetition rate and x–y translation speed on the size, shape, and thermal damage of holes and grooves were evaluated. In addition, a 200 ns pulsed, 1064 nm Nd:yttritium–aluminum–garnet laser was used to process grooves and the results were compared against those processed by the femtosecond pulses. Results show that holes as small as 1 μm were produced with femtosecond pulses using the self-action property of air. Despite the capability of air medium to produce tiny holes of a few micron diameters, the shape of the hole is highly asymmetrical due to the beam profile distortion. The critical laser power for nonlinear effects of air to become effective was calculated as 40 MW. However, both the beneficial and deleterious effects of air were not found when the peak power of laser beam was under 2 GW. A comparison of femtosecond pulsed laser ablation with nanosecond pulsed laser ablation demonstrated the advantages of small size, minimal thermal damage and cleanliness for ultrashort pulses.
Channel Length Reduction Influence on Harmonic Distortion of Graded-Channel Gate-All-Around Devices (2007)

This work compares the linearity of conventional and Graded- Channel (GC) Gate-All-Around (GAA) devices for analog operation as in an amplifier when the channel length is scaled. The study has been performed through two-dimensional process and device simulations. Total harmonic distortion (THD) and third order harmonic distortion (HD3) have been evaluated. When taking into account similar bias the performance of GC GAA transistors remains better than the uniformly doped GAA for any channel length. Although scaling the devices tends to degrade the harmonic distortion, significant results were obtained for the GC configuration measured as an improvement of more than 15 dB in total harmonic distortion-to-gain ratio operating in the same region with channel length of 1μm and with lightly doped region length of 0.3 μm.
Aerodynamic Study of a Tricycle Wheel Subsystem for Drag Reduction (2012)

This paper deals with a CFD and experimental drag analysis on an isolated rotating wheel subsystem (including its accessories: tire, suspension, A-arms and fender) of a tricycle vehicle. The main goal of the present work is to study the effect of the fender on the wheel subsystem drag and its optimization. The Star CCM+ commercial code was used for the numerical simulations. Different flow conditions were simulated and some results were validated by comparison to wind tunnel experimental results. To perform drag optimization, several aerodynamic fender shapes were designed and simulated as part of the subsystem. A drastic drag reduction up to 30.6% compared to the original wheel subsystem was achieved through numerical simulations.