gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell cycle‐dependent regulation of the DNA‐dependent protein kinase (1999)

Human DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) is a nuclear-localized serine/threonine protein kinase. The holoenzyme consists of a catalytic subunit with a molecular mass of 465 kDa and a DNA-binding heterodimer Ku86/70. The kinase has been implicated in a variety of nuclear processes including V(D)J recombination, double-strand break repair, and transcription. Cells with defective DNA-PK activity show increased radiosensitivity and lack of V(D)J recombination. To study DNA-PK activity during the cell cycle, HeLa cells were separated by elutriation centrifugation into different cell cycle compartments based on cellular size. DNA-PK activity was found to vary during the cell cycle. The kinase activity was lowest during G1 phase and increased dramatically as the cells entered S phase and remained high during the G2-phase. The subcellular distribution of DNA-PKcs is relocalized from the cytoplasm during M and G1 phases to the nucleus during G1-S phase transition and S phase. Expression of both the catalytic subunit and the Ku86/70 heterodimer was found to be constant throughout the cell cycle. This study demonstrates that DNA-PK activity as well as its subcellular localization fluctuates during the cell cycle. In addition, the distribution of DNA-PK during M phase corresponds with low DNA-PK activity.
Deep Hole InP Photonic Crystals Infiltrated With Solid Polymers And Liquid Crystals (2007)

A procedure to etch deep photonic crystal holes in InGaAsP and subsequently fill them with a low index material such as liquid crystal or a solid polymer has been developed. Successful infiltration was proven by optical transmission measurement and in the case of solid polymer also by cross section inspection.
15. Neutrophils in GCA (2014)

The role of neutrophils, if any, in GCA has rarely been studied. Herein we monitored neutrophil markers of activation and reactivity onto an endothelial monolayers, making comparisons across diseases and during GCA clinical management with a canonical glucocorticoid dose regimen over a 6-month period. Blood samples were taken from over 12 patients in total (mean age 72 AE 2 years) within 48 h of therapy beginning and at weeks 1, 4 and 24 post-glucocorticoid; these were compared with samples obtained from OA patients (n 10; mean age 70 AE 3 years). A 'mixed' high steroid group was also included (n 6; 47 AE 10 years old). FACS revealed three distinct neutrophils populations and phenotypes. Within 48 h of steroid treatment, neutrophils had a CD62L lo CD11b hi phenotype, whereas week 1 neutrophils were CD62L lo CD11b lo and displayed minimal adhesion to endothelial monolayers under flow. At week 24 (i.e. lowest glucocorticoid dose) neutrophils were CD62L hi CD11b hi with increased endothelial adhesion under flow. Week 24 plasma analyses showed high levels of IL-17 and IL-6. Importantly, comparison of week 1 and 24 samples revealed a suppressive neutrophil effect on T-cell proliferation at the former time point only. These changes were not seen in the other two groups, OA and patients on high steroid therapy. Collectively, these data support the notion that GCA may be incompletely controlled by glucocorticoid therapy, since tapering leads to loss of the neutrophil suppressor subset. This may lead to disease relapse with higher risk of vascular complications. We propose monitoring neutrophil phenotype might inform on GCA disease status, predict risk of relapse and facilitate steroid tapering in individual patient.
Data-driven curvature for real-time line drawing of dynamic scenes (2009)

This article presents a method for real-time line drawing of deforming objects. Object-space line drawing algorithms for many types of curves, including suggestive contours, highlights, ridges, and valleys, rely on surface curvature and curvature derivatives. Unfortunately, these curvatures and their derivatives cannot be computed in real-time for animated, deforming objects. In a preprocessing step, our method learns the mapping from a low-dimensional set of animation parameters (e.g., joint angles) to surface curvatures for a deforming 3D mesh. The learned model can then accurately and efficiently predict curvatures and their derivatives, enabling real-time object-space rendering of suggestive contours and other such curves. This represents an order-of-magnitude speedup over the fastest existing algorithm capable of estimating curvatures and their derivatives accurately enough for many different types of line drawings. The learned model can generalize to novel animation sequences and is also very compact, typically requiring a few megabytes of storage at runtime. We demonstrate our method for various types of animated objects, including skeleton-based characters, cloth simulation, and blend-shape facial animation, using a variety of nonphotorealistic rendering styles. An important component of our system is the use of dimensionality reduction for differential mesh data. We show that Independent Component Analysis (ICA) yields localized basis functions, and gives superior generalization performance to that of Principal Component Analysis (PCA).
Adapting Phrase-based Machine Translation to Normalise Medical Terms in Social Media Messages (2015)

Previous studies have shown that health reports in social media, such as Dai-lyStrength and Twitter, have potential for monitoring health conditions (e.g. adverse drug reactions, infectious diseases) in particular communities. However, in order for a machine to understand and make inferences on these health conditions, the ability to recognise when laymen's terms refer to a particular medical concept (i.e. text normalisation) is required. To achieve this, we propose to adapt an existing phrase-based machine translation (MT) technique and a vector representation of words to map between a social media phrase and a medical concept. We evaluate our proposed approach using a collection of phrases from tweets related to adverse drug reactions. Our experimental results show that the combination of a phrase-based MT technique and the similarity between word vector representations outperforms the baselines that apply only either of them by up to 55%.
A Molecular Chameleon with Fluorescein and Rhodamine Spectroscopic Behaviors (2015)

A new class of fluorescein/rhodamine hybrids with two spirolactone rings was reported to exhibit dual-output fluorescent behaviors independently. Isolation and characterization for two diastereomers, trans-RhOH and cis-RhOH, have been made and their X-ray crystal structures determined. In a basic environment, the spirolactone ring on the hydroxyl side will be opened to give a fluorescein-like optical output with the lowest absorptions at 485 and 530 nm emission. On the other hand, a rhodamine-like optical output, i.e., 528 nm absorption and 575 nm emission, will be switched on by a H(+) or a Hg(2+) ion, attributed to the spirolactone ring opening on the amino side. In a methanol-buffer system with different pH values, the corresponding pKa values for the hydroxyl and amino groups were determined as 5.7 and 2.3, respectively. Selective Hg(2+)-sensing properties have also been discussed, and log Ks values of about 3.60 and 3.73 were determined. Confocal microscopic images of Caenorhabditis elegans incubated with RhOH were found to show enhanced fluorescent intensity with a Hg(2+) ion, demonstrating the potential application of RhOH for in vivo biological imaging.
Experimental Evidence for Heavy Tailed Interference in the IoT (2021)

5G and beyond sees an ever increasing density of connected things. As not all devices are coordinated, there are limited opportunities to mitigate interference. As such, it is crucial to characterize the interference in order to understand its impact on coding, waveform and receiver design. While a number of theoretical models have been developed for the interference statistics in communications for the IoT, there is very little experimental validation. In this paper, we address this key gap in understanding by performing statistical analysis on recent measurements in the unlicensed 863 MHz to 870 MHz band in different regions of Aalborg, Denmark. In particular, we show that the measurement data suggests the distribution of the interference power is heavy tailed, confirming predictions from theoretical models.
Optimization Problem Solving System based on OGSA (2004)

In this paper, a new type of optimization problem solving systems based on the Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA) is proposed. The OGSA can define the Grid service aligned with Web service technologies. In the proposed system, the service data and notification function are used to integrate services. An end-user who wants to construct an optimization system decides how to integrate the services for optimization and analysis. The proposed system also uses the Grid Security Infrastracture (GSI), Index Service and Reliable File Transfer (RFT) Service to improve reliability and convenience. Therefore, the proposed system is expected to be an efficient optimization problem solving system on the Grid.
Adaptive run to run control for intermittent batch operations (2002)

Process reproducibility is a challenging problem in semiconductor manufacturing as the component size shrinks and the manufacturing complexity increases. This paper proposes a new adaptive run-to-run controller for intermittent batch operations and applies it to a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) process at Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). The adaptive controller has a self-monitoring component and requires little process knowledge to set up. The success of the controller is demonstrated on an AST SHS 2800 RTA system.
Differentiation of metastatic from benign lymph nodes by spectrum analysis in vitro (2002)

Knowledge of the presence of metastatic cancer in lymph nodes is required for prognosis and treatment decisions. Current imaging methods do not allow accurate determination of lymph-node status. The authors' in vitro studies of spectrum analysis methods of assessing node status in lymph nodes indicate that spectrum analysis may offer excellent means of determining whether cancer is present. ROC curve areas based on spectrum analysis are 0.98 to 0.99 in the case of axillary lymph nodes and 0.92 to 0.95 in the case of abdominal lymph nodes. B-mode methods produce ROC curve areas of 0.88 to 0.90 in the case of axillary nodes and 0.84 in the case of abdominal nodes. Therefore, spectrum-analysis methods may aid management of a broad range of cancers.
Anodic reactions in the Ca/CaCrO/sub 4/ thermal battery (1985)

The reaction of Ca with a CaCrO/sub 4/-(LiCl-KCl eutectic) solution at temperatures of 400/sup 0/C to 500/sup 0/C was studied to better understand the nature of the chemical reactions and electrochemical processes that occur in the Ca/CaCrO/sub 4/ thermal battery at the anode during activation and discharge. Limited tests also were conducted with a CaCrO/sub 4/-(CaCl/sub 2/-NaCl-KCl eutectic) solution at 550/sup 0/C. Ca/CaCrO/sub 4/ and CaLi/sub 2//CaCrO/sub 4/ single cells were tested to observe the relative performance differences of Ca and CaLi/sub 2/ anodes. The discharged cells were analyzed by optical microscopy, electron microprobe, Auger electron spectroscopy, and secondary-ion mass spectroscopy. These analytical data were used in conjunction with the results of chemical-reaction experiments to propose a discharge mechanism for the Ca/CaCrO/sub 4/ thermal battery, consistent with experimental observations.
Off-grid, low-cost, electrical sun-car system for developing countries (2014)

Fully electric cars are now available. This technology offers exciting opportunities, especially to citizens of developing countries in equatorial regions having high concentrations of solar energy. The major motivation behind adoption of electric vehicles is reduced CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> output. However, most electric vehicle batteries are charged by electrical grids powered by coal and oil, which themselves produce significant amounts of CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . Charging electric vehicles with solar energy can dramatically reduce CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> generation. The authors have demonstrated a low-cost electric vehicle charging station using 4 solar panels of 255 watts each, batteries, a charge controller, and an inverter. For 3 months, a SMART Electric Drive automobile was successfully charged using only solar energy. The proposed “Sun-Car System” presents a low-cost opportunity for poorer populations such as those found on Indian reservations in the southwestern United States and tribal Africa. Community-owned electric vehicles could be charged solely with solar power. The demonstrated off-grid solar charging system is relatively low-cost, and would not require an electrical grid or an expensive gasoline/diesel delivery infrastructure.
Differential Regulation of Human, Antigen-specific Th1 and Th2 Responses by the B-7 Homologues, CD80 and CD86 (1997)

A selectivity of B7.1 (CD80) for promoting Th1 responses and B7.2 (CD86) for promoting Th2 responses in the murine system has recently been suggested. The present study explores this hypothesis, using human PBMCs and antigen-specific Th1 and Th2 clones. Proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from ragweed-allergic, tetanus toxoid-immunized individuals were downregulated by treatment with anti-CD86 in ragweed- and tetanus toxoid-driven cultures (% Inhibition = 55 +/- 4 and 61 +/- 12, respectively; P < 0.03 relative to untreated cultures). Gene expression in PBMCs for interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and interferon gamma (IFNgamma), assessed by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, was also downregulated by treatment with anti-CD86 in both the ragweed- and tetanus toxoid-driven systems. Neither independent efficacy nor synergy with anti-CD86 was apparent with anti-CD80 treatment; two different anti-CD80 blocking antibodies yielded identical results. Conversely, antigen-specific Th1 and Th2 clones were insensitive to treatment with either anti-CD80, anti-CD86, or a combination of the two. Unaffected parameters included proliferative response (P < 0.14 and 0.33, respectively, for Th1 and Th2), proinflammatory cytokine gene expression, and cytokine protein secretion into culture supernatants (P < 0.44 and 0.16, respectively, for IL-4 and IFNgamma). We conclude that CD86 is the primary B7 signaling homologue in human PBMC responses, and that second signal pathways through the B7 homologues have no effect on phenotypically differentiated T helper cells in humans.
Current evidence and future research needs for FeNO measurement in respiratory diseases (2014)

Although not yet widely implemented, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) has emerged in recent years as a potentially useful biomarker for the assessment of airway inflammation both in undiagnosed patients with non-specific respiratory symptoms and in those with established airway disease. Research to date essentially suggests that FeNO measurement facilitates the identification of patients exhibiting T-helper cell type 2 (Th2)-mediated airway inflammation, and effectively those in whom anti-inflammatory therapy, particularly inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), is beneficial. In some studies, FeNO-guided management of patients with established airway disease is associated with lower exacerbation rates, improvements in adherence to anti-inflammatory therapy, and the ability to predict risk of future exacerbations or decline in lung function. Despite these data, concerns regarding the applicability and utility of FeNO in clinical practice still remain. This article reviews the current evidence, both supportive and critical of FeNO measurement, in the diagnosis and management of asthma and other inflammatory airway diseases. It additionally provides suggestions regarding the practical application of FeNO measurement: how it could be integrated into routine clinical practice, how its utility could be assessed and its true value to both clinicians and patients could be established. Although some unanswered questions remain, current evidence suggests that FeNO is potentially a valuable tool for improving the personalised management of inflammatory airway diseases.
Significance of Glomerular Deposition of C3c and C3d in IgA Nephropathy (2000)

These findings suggest that the glomerular deposition of C3c is associated with the inflammatory active phase of glomeruli in IgA nephropathy.
Synthetic Carbohydrate Derivatives as Low Sulfated Heparin Mimetics (1999)

The total synthesis of a new family of heparin mimetics containing an hexadeca- (2), an octadeca- (3), and an eicosasaccharide (4) is described. All three oligosaccharides contain a pentasaccharidic antithrombin binding domain (DEFGH: van Boeckel, C. A. A.; Petitou, M. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1671−1690), extended at the nonreducing end by a thrombin binding domain composed of repeated 2,3-di-O-methyl-6-O-sodium sulfonato-α-d-glucosyl units. The targets were synthesized using a key dodecasaccharide imidate as glycosyl donor as well as di- and tetrasaccharide imidates, all derived from maltose. Condensation of these imidates with a tetrasaccharide precursor of the EFGH part of the antithrombin binding domain gave fully protected hexadeca-, octadeca-, and eicosasaccharide that were deprotected and sulfated to yield 2, 3, and 4. All three displayed antithrombin-mediated antifactor Xa and antithrombin (factor IIa) activity. The most active compound, the eicosasaccharide, showed activity similar to that of low molecular weight heparin. Significantly, unlike heparin and its derivatives, the present heparin mimetics do not interact with platelet factor 4, an interaction that can cause severe side effects in heparin-treated patients. Thus, this new family of compounds contains interesting drug candidates for the prevention and treatment of thrombosis.
Fast, Efficient Broadcast Schemes Based on the Prediction of Dynamics in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (2019)

The performance of multi-hop broadcast in vehicular ad hoc networks can be greatly affected by the highly varying link dynamics caused by mobility of vehicles and complex wireless channel environment. The conventional receiver-based and sender-based broadcast protocols usually decide the relay sequences only based on distance, neglecting the influence of links qualities. In this paper, we consider the impact of link qualities and vehicular mobility and investigate how to select broadcast relays to minimize the broadcast delay and maximize the broadcast efficiency. We first propose a novel broadcast scheme based on the prediction of dynamics (BPD), which utilizes the dynamic information to achieve the model-based prediction and combines the sender-based and receiver-based relay selection schemes for multi-hop broadcast. Then, we propose a novel metric called the expected remaining delay (D) and implement it in BDP (BPD-D) for minimizing the broadcast delay. We also propose a novel metric called the expected rebroadcast efficiency (E) and implement it in BDP (BPD-E) for maximizing the broadcast efficiency. The simulation results show that our proposed BPD-D and BPD-E broadcast protocols outperform the conventional protocols, while BPD-D can achieve the least delay and BPD-E has the highest dissemination efficiency.
Asymptotic Orthogonality Analysis of Time-Domain Sparse Massive MIMO Channels (2015)

The theoretical analysis of downlink massive MIMO usually assumes the ideal Gaussian channel matrix with asymptotic orthogonality of channel vectors. Meanwhile, recent experiments have shown that massive MIMO channels between a certain user and massive base station antennas appear the spatial common sparsity (SCS) in both the time domain and angle domain. This motivates us to investigate whether realistic sparse massive MIMO channels could provide the favorable propagation condition, and reveal the capacity gap between massive MIMO systems over realistic sparse channels and that under the ideal Gaussian channel matrix assumption. This letter theoretically proves that channel vectors associated with different users in massive MIMO over sparse channels satisfy the asymptotic orthogonality. Moreover, the simulation results confirm the theoretical analysis.
Over-expression of platelet-derived growth factor in human diabetic nephropathy (2003)

The findings of increased gene and protein expression of PDGF in renal biopsies from patients with diabetic nephropathy imply a potential role for this prosclerotic growth factor in the development of the progressive fibrosis that characterizes human diabetic kidney disease.
Conjugated polymers. New materials for optoelectronic devices (2001)

Abstract Conjugated polymers now provide a class of processible, film-forming semiconductors and metals. We have worked on the development of the semiconductor physics of these materials by using them as the active components in a range of semiconductor devices. Polymer light-emitting diodes show particular promise, and recent developments in color range (red, green, and blue), efficiency (above 20 lumen/W for green emitters), and operating lifetime are discussed. Progress on their application to displays, with integration with active-matrix TFT drive, and with patterned deposition using inkjet printing techniques is also reviewed. The role played by interfaces between electrode and semiconducting polymer is also discussed.
Intracellular apoptosis‐inducing factor is induced by a vacuolar type H‐ATPase inhibitor in B lineage cells (2001)

We previously reported that concanamycin A, a specific inhibitor of vacuolar type H+-ATPases, induces DNA fragmentation in B cell hybridoma HS-72 cells. In the present study, we found that the cytosol from concanamycin A-treated HS-72 cells had a cytotoxic effect on intact cells in a cell viability assay. While activin A also induced apoptosis in HS-72 cells, the cytosol from activin A-treated HS-72 cells had no effect on cell viability. We purified the cytosol from concanamycin A-treated HS-72 cells by a four-step procedure: ultracentrifugation; HiTrap heparin column chromatography; HiTrap Q column chromatography; and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography on a C18 hydrophobic support. The biologically active fraction, which was used as partially purified cytosol, gave a specific band of protein with a molecular mass of 33 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The mechanism of cell death was examined by observing changes in nuclear morphology, an increase in the proportion of fragmented DNA, and the typical ladder pattern of degraded chromosomal DNA, indicating the induction of apoptosis in cells cultured with the partially purified cytosol. The overexpression of human Bcl-2 suppressed apoptosis, indicating that the cytosol from concanamycin A-treated HS-72 cells induces apoptosis by a Bcl-2-inhibiting mechanism. These findings suggest that concanamycin A, a vacuolar type H+-ATPase inhibitor, produces intracellular apoptosis-inducing factor in B cell hybridoma. J. Cell. Physiol. 186:65–72, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.