gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of p21WAF1/CIP1 in adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix: a possible immunohistochemical marker of a favorable prognosis. (1998)

The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of the expression of estrogen receptor and cell cycle regulatory gene products in cervical adenocarcinoma.In 40 cases of adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix and 10 normal cervices, expression of estrogen receptor and cell cycle regulatory gene products (cyclin E, p16, p21WAF1/CIP1, p27, p53, and Ki-67) was studied using immunohistochemical techniques. The survival of the patients was analyzed in terms of such variables as the expression of these molecules in the tumor and conventional clinicopathologic features, and the Cox proportional hazards model was used to predict the survival of patients with cervical adenocarcinoma.Expression of estrogen receptor was consistently observed in normal cervical glands, but in cervical adenocarcinoma it was lost (in 28 cases) or significantly diminished (in 12 cases). Normal cervical glandular cells were usually negative for the cell cycle regulatory gene products, whereas 47.5-85% of cervical adenocarcinomas were positive for these molecules. When the expression of these molecules was analyzed, significant positive correlations were found between p16 and p27, cyclin E and p27, and cyclin E and p21WAF1/CIP1. Univariate survival analysis revealed that the presence of parametrial invasion, the presence of lymph node metastasis, negative staining for p21WAF1/CIP1, and a moderately or poorly differentiated tumor all correlated significantly with a poor prognosis. In a stepwise regression analysis, the expression of p21WAF1/CIP1 and negative pelvic lymph nodes were the best predictors of a favorable prognosis.Expression of p21WAF1/CIP1 correlated with a favorable prognosis for patients with cervical adenocarcinoma and may serve as a useful marker of survival in cases of this disease.
Cyclonic combustor for low-heating value off-gas incineration (1984)

The combustion characteristics of a low-Btu off-gas and the operating performance of a 3 x 10/sup 6/ Btu/h pilot-scale cyclonic combustor were investigated to evaluate the incineration and heat recovery potential. The average composition of the off-gas was 8.5% H/sub 2/, 1.5% CO, 22% CO/sub 2/, 56% N/sub 2/, 3.4% CH/sub 4/ and higher hydrocarbons, 7.3% H/sub 2/O, 0.5% NH/sub 3/, and 0.15% H/sub 2/S with a higher heating value of 67 Btu/SCF. The cyclonic combustor design was selected based on a survey of burner and combustion equipment manufacturers that were contacted as to the availability of a combustor capable of burning the off-gas. Test work was carried out at the Institute of Gas Technology's Combustion Laboratory using a simulated off-gas doped with various levels of NH/sub 3/ and H/sub 2/S. The results of these tests are described. Stable and efficient combustion (CO < 50 ppM) was achieved at the design firing rate of 3 x 10/sup 6/ Btu/h (specific heat release 6 x 10/sup 4/ Btu/ft/sup 3/-h) and at a 4 to 1 turndown when the average gas was preheated to 350/sup 0/F, and combustion air to 750/sup 0/F with 15% excess air. At these conditions an estimated 65%more » of the fuel heating value should be available for steam generation. Flame size and shape, gas temperatures within the combustor, and flue gas composition were measured. The NO/sub x/ emissions were about 480 ppM with less than 5% thermal NO/sub x/. NO/sub x/ emissions decreased to 300 ppM when the fuel NH/sub 3/ concentration was reduced by 80% or when the excess air was reduced to 7%. The lower excess air level, however, may not be practical because of the possibility of very high CO emissions resulting from small imbalances in the air/fuel ratio or fuel composition. Combustion air staging and fuel staging techniques were tested for NO/sub x/ reduction. Both techniques were ineffective as tested. The combustor could also be operated on lower heating value gases (down to 54 Btu/SCF) provided it was down rated. 15 figures.« less
Difluoroallenyl Bromide as a Wide‐Ranging Difluoromethylene Cation Equivalent: S<sub>N</sub>2 Substitution of Difluoropropargyl Bromide through Sequential S<sub>E</sub>2′ and S<sub>N</sub>2′ Reactions (2005)

A synthetic challenge: a two-step conversion of RCF2Br into RCF2Nu has been achieved (see scheme; Nu=nucleophile). Nucleophilic substitution at a difluoromethylene carbon atom is carried out by using a functionalized difluoroallene as a CF2 cation equivalent. The resulting product contains a triisopropylsilyl (TIPS)–acetylenic linkage suitable for further functionalization. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z502807_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The 1.8-Å Crystal Structure of Human Tear Lipocalin Reveals an Extended Branched Cavity with Capacity for Multiple Ligands (2004)

In contrast with earlier assumptions, which classified human tear lipocalin (Tlc) as an outlier member of the lipocalin protein family, the 1.8-A resolution crystal structure of the recombinant apoprotein confirms the typical eight-stranded antiparallel beta-barrel architecture with an alpha-helix attached to it. The fold of Tlc most closely resembles the bovine dander allergen Bos d 2, a well characterized prototypic lipocalin, but also reveals similarity with beta-lactoglobulin. However, compared with other lipocalin structures Tlc exhibits an extremely wide ligand pocket, whose entrance is formed by four partially disordered loops. The cavity deeply extends into the beta-barrel structure, where it ends in two distinct lobes. This unusual structural feature explains the known promiscuity of Tlc for various ligands, with chemical structures ranging from lipids and retinoids to the macrocyclic antibiotic rifampin and even to microbial siderophores. Notably, earlier findings of biological activity as a thiol protease inhibitor have no correspondence in the three-dimensional structure of Tlc, rather it appears that its proteolytic fragments could be responsible for this phenomenon. Hence, the present structural analysis sheds new light on the ligand binding activity of this functionally obscure but abundant human lipocalin.
Chemiluminescent Probes for Activity‐Based Sensing of Formaldehyde Released from Folate Degradation in Living Mice (2018)

Formaldehyde (FA) is a common environmental toxin that is also produced naturally in the body through a wide range of metabolic and epigenetic processes, motivating the development of new technologies to monitor this reactive carbonyl species (RCS) in living systems. Herein, we report a pair of first-generation chemiluminescent probes for selective formaldehyde detection. Caging phenoxy-dioxetane scaffolds bearing different electron-withdrawing groups with a general 2-aza-Cope reactive formaldehyde trigger provides chemiluminescent formaldehyde probes 540 and 700 (CFAP540 and CFAP700) for visible and near-IR detection of FA in living cells and mice, respectively. In particular, CFAP700 is capable of visualizing FA release derived from endogenous folate metabolism, providing a starting point for the use of CFAPs and related chemical tools to probe FA physiology and pathology, as well as for the development of a broader palette of chemiluminescent activity-based sensing (ABS) probes that can be employed from in vitro biochemical to cell to animal models.
Feedback-resistant p-type doped InAs/InP quantum-dash distributed feedback lasers for isolator-free 10 Gb/s transmission at 1.55 μm (2010)

The tolerance to external optical feedback of p-type doped InAs/InP quantum-dash-based distributed feedback (DFB) lasers is investigated for different values of the Bragg-grating coupling coefficient. We show that p-doping of the active layer not only enhances the differential gain but also results in small values of the linewidth enhancement factor, both parameters contributing to an increased tolerance to external optical feedback. A −18 dB onset of coherence collapse is reported for antireflection-coated devices, demonstrating the compatibility of quantum-dash-based DFB lasers with isolator-free operation.
Agronomic Performance of <i>Rht</i> Alleles in a Spring Wheat Population across a Range of Moisture Levels (2005)

Reduced height alleles at the Rht‐B1 and Rht‐D1 loci have been widely incorporated into wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with the intent of improving partitioning of assimilates to grain. Although generally effective at increasing yield in high yield environments, their effects under heat and drought stress have been variable. We undertook this study to evaluate the effects of the Rht‐B1b and Rht‐D1b dwarfing alleles in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) spring wheat population under a range of soil moisture conditions. Rht‐B1 and Rht‐D1 genotypes of 140 RILs derived from a cross between ‘Kauz’ and MTRWA116 were determined by polymerase chain reactions (PCR). The population was evaluated for yield and agronomic traits in four Colorado environments under fully irrigated, partially irrigated, and rainfed conditions in 2001 and 2002. Lines with both dwarfing alleles were significantly ( P &lt; 0.01) shorter, lower yielding, and later heading in all environments compared with lines with one or no dwarfing allele. Lines with both tall alleles performed equal to or better ( P &lt; 0.05) than all other classes for grain yield, test weight, and kernel weight in all environments. Among lines with a single dwarfing allele, those with Rht‐B1b on average outyielded those with Rht‐D1b in the fully irrigated environment (5432 versus 4993 kg ha −1 , P &lt; 0.05), but elsewhere their yields did not differ ( P &gt; 0.05). Desirable values for most traits occurred across a relatively wide range of plant heights, with the best performing lines either shorter lines in the tall class or taller lines in the semidwarf classes.
Novel Missions for Next Generation Microsatellites: The Results of a Joint AFRL/JPL Study (1999)

The development of technologies for miniature, low-mass, high density components and of systems that efficiently utilize these teclmologies has enabled a path to the next generation of highly capable microsatellites in the range of 10 - 100-kg. The characteristics and capabilities of this emerging class of satellites are briefly described. These satellites have the potential for revolutionizing space missions owing to their small size, low cost, significant capability, and good return on investment. This paper documents conceptual microsatellite mission scenarios examined in a collaborative effort between the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory of the California Institute of Technology (JPL). Six areas of mutual interest were selected from an initial set of about 30 microsatellite mission areas. Each of the selected areas was examined in more depth. The concepts explored include a remote sensing microsatellite, an on-orbit servicing microsatellite, a micronavigation and communication system, an adjunct microsatellite, and two distributed microsatellite systems; one for surveillance and one for space weather and physics observations. These missions are described briefly. A unique characteristic of these microsatellites, exploited in some of the mission scenarios, is the potential for low cost and rapid launch using non-traditional methods. One method examined involves using air-to-space missile technology.
Mitsunobu Reaction on Solid Support for Peptide N-terminal Farnesylation (2015)

Prenylation is an important post-translational modification of peptide structures. For example, farnesylated and geranylgeranylated peptides and proteins bind to cell membranes by way of the prenyl subunit. Prenylation is involved in a wide variety of biological process and diseases, including cancer [1,2] and Alzeimer’s disease [2]. Prenylated peptides have been shown to be generally non-toxic and to exhibit cell permeable properties [3]. Prenylated protein libraries have been used to study various biochemical mechanisms that involve posttranslational prenylation [4]. Prenylated peptides have also been used as prenyltransferase inhibitors [5]. Prenylated peptides may exhibit ability to localize in membranes, which may enhance their metabolic stability and biological presentation. The conventional way to introduce a prenyl group onto a peptide chain involves nucleophilic displacement by a cysteine residue thiol side chain on a proper prenyl bromide [3]. Prenyl bromides are relatively expensive and unstable. Prenylation on nitrogen has been less well studied, but may offer an alternative way for introducing the lipid moiety onto peptides. In an effort to explore N-terminal prenylation, we have explored the Mitsunobu reaction in order to employ the relatively more stable alcohols instead of their prenyl halide counterparts. For this study, the L-enantiomer (L-PDC-31, Ile-Leu-Gly-His-Cit-Asp-Tyr-Lys) of the D-peptide PDC-31 was chosen [6], in part because this prostaglandin F2α receptor modulator has completed successfully phase 1b clinical trials in which toxicity was assessed in women suffering from primary desmenorea [7]. Hypothesizing that the L-isomer may be active, yet rapidly degraded in biological tissues, a farnesyl chain at the N-terminal nitrogen has been examined to increase metabolic stability of the peptide. Herein, the Mistunobu reaction has been employed to farnesylate a solid supported peptide using farnesol as a shelf stable and relatively inexpensive reagent in order to prepare farnesyl peptide 4.
Anti-ulcer Activity of a Slow-release Zinc Complex, Zinc Monoglycerolate (Glyzinc) (1992)

A slow-release zinc complex, zinc monoglycerolate (ZMG) was examined for its potential gastroprotective activity in various gastric ulcer models. These models comprised (a) oral or parenteral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) given to rats whose gastrointestinal mucosa was pre-sensitized by prior development of arthritis, oleyl alcohol-induced inflammation and cold exposure, (b) oral ethanol (12.5-100%) with and without added 4% HCl, (c) intraperitoneal reserpine (5 mg kg-1) in arthritic and normal rats and in normal mice, (d) oral NSAIDs given to mice in which acid and pepsin production was stimulated by co-administration of intraperitoneal bethanechol chloride (5 mg kg-1) to enhance ulcer development, and (e) NSAIDs given to carrageenan-inflamed rats to determine effects of ZMG on paw inflammation. In these models, ZMG given orally was effective in preventing development of gastric lesions, except with propionic acid NSAIDs; the effective doses being apparently dependent on the severity of the mucosal injury. In many of the models ZMG was superior to zinc sulphate and other zinc salts or metal ion complexes investigated but was slightly more effective or equipotent compared with zinc acexamate. ZMG did not impair the anti-oedemic effects of NSAIDs. ZMG is thus an effective agent in preventing ulcer development in a wide range of model systems and may be more effective than zinc salts because of the controlled slow-release of zinc from the complex.
A sketch interface for mobile robots (2004)

In human to human communication, a hand-drawn route map is often sketched to show a desired navigation path. In this paper, we describe a PDA sketching interface that can be used to direct a mobile robot along a specified path. Because sketched route maps are not drawn precisely or necessarily to scale, we do not attempt to analyze precise path information, but rather qualitative route information is extracted. The paper focuses on the front-end sketch understanding and includes a description of the interactive features, such as deleting, moving, and labeling landmarks. Results of a user evaluation are also presented, in which participants report that the sketching interface was as easy as using pencil and paper by a 2:1 margin.
To what extent did Neanderthals and modern humans interact? (2009)

Neanderthals represent an extinct hominid lineage that existed in Europe and Asia for nearly 400,000 years. They thrived in these regions for much of this time, but declined in numbers and went extinct around 30,000 years ago. Interestingly, their disappearance occurred subsequent to the arrival of modern humans into these areas, which has prompted some to argue that Neanderthals were displaced by better suited and more adaptable modern humans. Still others have postulated that Neanderthals were assimilated into the gene pool of modern humans by admixture. Until relatively recently, conclusions about the relationships between Neanderthals and contemporary humans were based solely upon evidence left behind in the fossil and archaeological records. However, in the last decade, we have witnessed the introduction of metagenomic analyses, which have provided novel tools with which to study the levels of genetic interactions between this fascinating Homo lineage and modern humans. Were Neanderthals replaced by contemporary humans through dramatic extinction resulting from competition and/or hostility or through admixture? Were Neanderthals and modern humans two independent, genetically unique species or were they a single species, capable of producing fertile offspring? Here, we review the current anthropological, archaeological and genetic data, which shed some light on these questions and provide insight into the exact nature of the relationships between these two groups of humans.
Repulsive Atomic Gas in a Harmonic Trap on the Border of Itinerant Ferromagnetism (2009)

Alongside superfluidity, itinerant (Stoner) ferromagnetism remains one of the most well-characterized phases of correlated Fermi systems. A recent experiment has reported the first evidence for novel phase behavior on the repulsive side of the Feshbach resonance in a two-component ultracold Fermi gas. By adapting recent theoretical studies to the atomic trap geometry, we show that an adiabatic ferromagnetic transition would take place at a weaker interaction strength than is observed in experiment. This discrepancy motivates a simple nonequilibrium theory that takes account of the dynamics of magnetic defects and three-body losses. The formalism developed displays good quantitative agreement with experiment.
Wafer-Based Crystalline Silicon Modules at 1€/Wp: Final Results from the CRYSTALCLEAR Integrated Project (2009)

CrystalClear was an EU co-financed Integrated Project aimed at developing technology for waferbased silicon solar modules at 1 € per watt-peak manufacturing costs and a strongly improved environmental profile. The project consortium has selected a number of technologies that potentially comply with these aims as well as research that serves as basis for further developments (beyond the project aims). These technologies have been demonstrated in the form of demonstrators, i.e. full-size modules featuring all innovations necessary to comply with the aims. The project has shown that wafer-based multicrystalline-silicon solar modules can be produced at 1 € per watt-peak at a world-record efficiency of 16% and an energy pay-back time of less than 2 years in Southern Europe.
Increased activated platelet binding to T cells in lung cancer patients is correlated with history of thrombosis (2019)

Abstract This study aimed to characterize the role of platelet-leukocyte aggregation in lung cancer patients in context of history of thrombosis. Whole blood from lung cancer patients and healthy volunteers was labeled with fluorescently-conjugated antibodies, then fixed prior to flow cytometry. Platelet-leukocyte aggregates were quantified by detecting the number of platelets within all leukocyte-positive events. Platelet-CD4 T cell and platelet-CD8 T cell aggregates were both significantly increased in lung cancer patients (both p &amp;lt; 0.0001). Lung cancer patients had significantly more CD4 and CD8 T cells aggregated with activated platelets compared to healthy volunteers (p &amp;lt; 0.01 and p &amp;lt; 0.001, respectively). Lung cancer patients were then separated into groups based on history of thrombosis: No previous thrombosis, arterial thrombotic event (ATE), and venous thromboembolism (VTE). ATE patients had significantly more CD8 T cells aggregated with platelets than patients with no history of thrombosis (p &amp;lt; 0.05). VTE patients had significantly higher expression of platelet activation markers in CD4 and CD8 T cell aggregates than patients with no history of thrombosis (p &amp;lt; 0.01 and p &amp;lt; 0.001, respectively) and ATE patients (p &amp;lt; 0.05 and p &amp;lt; 0.001, respectively). Platelet-T cell aggregates were significantly increased in lung cancer patients compared to healthy volunteers, and platelet activation within aggregates was significantly correlated with history of VTE in patients with lung cancer. These findings indicate that interactions between platelets and T cells in cancer patients may contribute to a procoagulant phenotype.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Addition of Enol Silyl Ethers to Imines Catalyzed by Palladium Complexes: A Novel Way to Optically Active Acylalanine Derivatives. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Metal-Only Reflectarray Antenna Element with Wide Angular Response based on Spiral Slots (2018)

This paper presents the design of a low cost and reliable metal-only reflectarray antenna element, for operation in the Ku frequency band. The proposed unit-cell consists of two metal sheets placed atop each other, with an air gap spacing in-between. Four square-shaped spiral slots, that are etched on the top metallic sheet, are used to control the reflection phase. Fullwave simulations of the proposed element show that the proposed element produces greater than 360° reflection phase over the Ku frequency band. Furthermore, the element exhibits a low reflection loss of 0.55 dB at normal incidence, which is desirable.
Peer Reviewed: Arsenic Speciation (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVFeaturesNEXTPeer Reviewed: Arsenic SpeciationWith more than 20 arsenic compounds present in the natural environment and biological systems, it is important to identify and quantify each individaul chemical species of the elementX. Chris Le, Xiufen Lu, and Xing-Fang LiCite this: Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 1, 26 A–33 APublication Date (Web):January 1, 2004Publication History Published online1 January 2004Published inissue 1 January 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac041492rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac041492rnewsACS Publications. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views2439Altmetric-Citations127LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (328 KB) Get e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Arsenic Get e-Alerts