gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In-Vivo Time-Resolved Auto uorescence Measurements on Human Skin (2006)

In this paper we present preliminary results obtained from fluorescence lifetime measurements on human skin using time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) techniques. Human skin was exposed to light from a pulsed LED of 700 ps pulse width at a wavelength of 375 nm and fluorescence decays were recorded at fourdifferent emission wavelengths (442, 460, 478 and 496 nm) using a photomultiplier tube (PMT) coupled to a monochromator. Measurements were carried out on the left and right palms of subjects recruited for the study after obtaining consent using a UCLA IRB approved consent form. The subjects recruited consisted of 18 males and 17 females with different skin complexions and ages ranging from 10 to 70 years. In addition, a set of experiments were also performed on various locations including the palm, the arm and the cheek of a Caucasian subject. The fluorescence decays thus obtained were fit to a three-exponential decay model in all cases and were approximately 0.4, 2.7 and 9.4 ns, respectively. The variations in these lifetimes with location, gender, skin complexion and age are studied. It is speculated that the shorter lifetimes correspond to free and bound NADH while the longer lifetime is due to AGE crosslinks.
Micro-optics based Polarization Decoding Module for Free-Space Quantum Key Distribution (2018)

We demonstrate a compact polarization decoding module with the size of 2 cm × 2 cm × 1 cm for a free space quantum key distribution based on micro-optics. The insertion loss and polarization extinction ratio (PER) of this module are <;4.6dB and >22.8 dB, respectively, and large alignment tolerance is achieved owing to multimode fiber pigtailing. The quantum bit error rate (QBER) are measured to be 0.67% with the sifted key rate of 576 kb/s at the clock rate of 100 MHz.
SAT-622 Heterogeneity of Familial Partial Lipodystrophy Type 2 from a Genotype-Phenotype Perspective (2020)

Abstract Phenotypic heterogeneity is a well-known feature of Familial Partial Lipodystrophy Type 2 (FPLD2) which is caused by pathogenic variants in the LMNA gene. Clinical diagnosis can be challenging in some cases. Likewise, trained physicians can report differences in body composition and clinical manifestation of FPLD2, highlighting the importance of accurate phenotyping. In this study, we aimed to identify phenotype-genotype correlations in a cohort of systematically evaluated patients with FPLD2. We retrospectively evaluated 43 patients diagnosed with FPLD2 (age 50.3±16.1 years, 79.1% women). Per pathogenic variants, patients were divided into two groups; 24 with R482Q (RQ: 55 ± 3.2 years, 70.8% women) and 19 with non-R482Q (Non-RQ: 46 ± 3.2 years, 84.2% women). Non-RQ group consisted of several pathogenic LMNA variants in exons 1, and 5 through 11. Also, DEXA parameters were studied in a subgroup of 19 patients with available assessments (in 11 RQ and 8 non-RQ patients) that were matched for age, sex and BMI. Patients in the RQ group were older when they were first diagnosed with lipodystrophy (48.6 ± 3.2 years and 37.4 ± 3.1 years, p = 0.03). Although the prevalence of diabetes, hepatic steatosis and other co-morbidities associated with metabolic control were similar in both groups at the time of the study, patients with RQ pathogenic variants were diagnosed later in life with diabetes (46.0 ± 4.2 years vs. 35 ± 3.5 years, p = 0.03) and hepatic steatosis (45.3 ± 6.9 years vs. 30.1 ± 3.7 years, p &amp;lt; 0.01. Although more pancreatitis episodes were reported in the RQ group (13 ± 3 vs. 2 ± 1, p = 0.02), the number of patients with a history of pancreatitis was similar across the groups suggesting the occurrence of recurrent pancreatitis episodes in selected patients with RQ pathogenic variant. Pain was a common complaint among the patients, but it was less severe in the RQ group (4.2±2.1 vs 2.3±2.0, p=0.05). In terms of body composition, patients with RQ pathogenic variants had greater bone mass (legs: 879 ± 59.3 g vs. 703.5 ± 33.7 g, p= 0.01; trunk 914.2 ± 65.5 g vs. 674.1 ± 28.0 g, p = 0.005, total body: 2643.7 ± 158.9 g vs. 2140.6 ± 78.4 g, p = 0.005) and higher fat mass in the legs (19 vs. 14%, p = 0.02). Similarly, patients with RQ pathogenic variants had less lean percentage (76 vs. 81%, p = 0.009), and accordingly, less fat-free mass percentage (80 vs. 85%, p = 0.02) in the legs. Total fat-free mass of the RQ group was also lower (66 vs. 76%, p = 0.0009). Genotype-phenotype characterization is important not only for understanding the natural history and clinical manifestation of the disease but also for establishing more accurate and precise diagnostic criteria or therapeutic approaches. Our data suggest more fat preservation in LMNA R482Q carriers, presumably leading to a later diagnosis of lipodystrophy and metabolic abnormalities. More studies are needed to confirm the differences observed in body composition.
Multi-Scale Dynamics, Control, and Simulation of Granular Spacecraft (2013)

In this paper, we present some ideas regarding the modeling, dynamics and control aspects of granular spacecraft. Granular spacecraft are complex multibody systems composed of a spatially disordered distribution of a large number of elements, for instance a cloud of grains in orbit. An example of application is a spaceborne observatory for exoplanet imaging, where the primary aperture is a cloud instead of a monolithic aperture. A model is proposed of a multi-scale dynamics of the grains and cloud in orbit, as well as a control approach for cloud shape maintenance and alignment, and preliminary simulation studies are carried out for the representative imaging system.
Traditional and ayurvedic grain-based foods of India (2021)

Ayurveda (the science of life), a branch of Vedas, considered as a store of knowledge related to health sciences. In Ayurvedatraditional foodsand their dietary guideline are prescribed. Food is also used for therapeutic purpose as well as inappropriate knowledge about consumption may become the root cause of many diseases. Grains are recommended to be consumed with every meal not only as a main source of energy but also vital source of carbohydrate, protein, iron, calcium, potassium and B vitamins. In Charaka Samhita, sixty-eight aharakalpanas are described for maintenance of health and for treatment of diseases. Most of these are preparations of ShookaDhanya (grains) as the principal food item. This review article puts forward the concept of ayurvedic grain-based healthy foods of India and also details of several grain based ethnic healthy foods across different regions of India.
A novel optimal single constant multiplication algorithm (2010)

Existing optimal single constant multiplication (SCM) algorithms are limited to 19 bit constants. We propose an exact SCM algorithm. For 32 bit constants, the average run time is under 10 seconds. Optimality is ensured via an exhaustive search. The novelty of our algorithm is in how aggressive pruning is achieved by combining two SCM frameworks.
An On-Line Calibration Technique for Mismatch Errors in High-Speed DACs (2008)

In this paper a novel online calibration technique for high-speed DACs is presented. The approach consists of two elements. The first element is the use of a redundant signed digit (RSD) scheme for the selection of the current sources. This enables a fully digital correction. The second element consists of an adaptive estimation of the correction terms by an LMS algorithm. For this purpose the DAC output signal is low-pass filtered and digitized by an accurate but low-speed calibration ADC. By replicating this analog signal path in the digital domain, the errors can be calculated and used to update the correction weights. The dynamic behavior and the accuracy of the adaptive calibration loop are analyzed both theoretically and through computer simulations, and it is shown that this way a greatly improved accuracy can be obtained.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Activation of MAPK Pathways due to DUSP4 Loss Promotes Cancer Stem Cell-like Phenotypes in Basal-like Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 77K.&lt;/p&gt;
MHC Class I-Restricted Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Responses Induced by Enterotoxin-Based Mucosal Adjuvants (1999)

Abstract The ability of enterotoxin-based mucosal adjuvants to induce CD8+ MHC class I-restricted CTL responses to a codelivered bystander Ag was examined. Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin (LT), or derivatives of LT carrying mutations in the A subunit (LTR72, LTK63), were tested in parallel with cholera toxin (CT) or a fusion protein consisting of the A1 subunit of CT fused to the Ig binding domain of Staphylococcus aureus protein A (called CTA1-DD). Intranasal (i.n.) immunization of C57BL/6 mice with CT, CTA1-DD, LT, LTR72, LTK63, but not rLT-B, elicited MHC class I-restricted CD8+ T cell responses to coadministered OVA or the OVA CTL peptide SIINFEKL (OVA257–264). CT, LT, and LTR72 also induced CTL responses to OVA after s.c. or oral coimmunization whereas LTK63 only activated responses after s.c. coimmunization. rLT-B was unable to adjuvant CTL responses to OVA or OVA257–264 administered by any route. Mice treated with an anti-CD4 mAb to deplete CD4+ T cells mounted significant OVA-specific CTL responses after i.n. coadministration of LT with OVA or OVA257–264. Both 51Cr release assays and IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot assays indicated that IFN-γ−/− and IL-12 p40−/− gene knockout mice developed CTL responses equivalent to those detected in normal C57BL/6 mice. The results highlight the versatility of toxin-based adjuvants and suggest that LT potentiates CTL responses independently of IL-12 and IFN-γ and probably by a mechanism unrelated to cross-priming.
Polymer models of the organization of chromosomes in the nucleus of cells (2015)

Understanding the mechanisms that control the organization of chromosomes in the space of the nucleus of cells, and its contribution to gene regulation, is a key open issue in molecular biology. New technologies have shown that chromosomes have a complex 3D organization, which dynamically changes across organisms and cell types. To understand such complex behaviors, quantitative models from polymer physics have been developed, to find the principles of chromosome folding, their origin and function. Here, we provide a short review of recent progress in such an important research field where Physical and Life Sciences meet.
Single atom dipole trap (2003)

In the experiment, single Rubidium-87 atoms are loaded out of a molasses of Doppler-cooled atoms into the focus of a Gaussian laser beam created by a single mode laser diode with a wavelength of 856 nm. A confocal microscope outside our vacuum chamber is used to focus the trapping beam to a minimal waist of 3.5 /spl mu/m (thus creating a trap depth of 1-2 mK) and to collect the fluorescence light from the center of the dipole trap. The collected fluorescence light is coupled into a single-mode optical fiber for spatial filtering, and the photons are detected with an avalanche photodiode. With this setup the overall detection efficiency of photons emitted from the trap region is about 0.2%. First experimental results show sub-Poissonian occupation statistics of the dipole trap: only single atoms are observed inside our trap, never two ore more. The measured 1/e lifetime of atoms inside the dipole trap in the presence of cooling light is about 1-2 seconds. To prove that we really observe single atoms inside the trap, a Hanbury-Brown-Twiss measurement of the fluorescence light from the trap will be shown. The trapping of single atoms inside our dipole trap marks the first step towards the investigation of the properties of an entangled atom photon state. Progress in preparing and analyzing single atoms in well defined hyperfine ground states will be reported.
Proppant Transport and Coverage in Rock Fractures –A Computational Modeling Approach (2022)

Numerical Modeling of Proppant Transport and Coverage in Rock Fractures
Supplemental Figures S1-S5 from Reactive Oxygen Species Mediates the Synergistic Activity of Fenretinide Combined with the Microtubule Inhibitor ABT-751 against Multidrug-Resistant Recurrent Neuroblastoma Xenografts (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1: Tumor growth curves for individual mouse xenografts treated with 4-HPR/LXS and ABT-751; Supplementary Figure S2: Dose escalation study of n-acetylcysteine (NAC) and sodium thiosulfate (STS); Supplementary Figure S3: Effect of 4-HPR + ABT-751 on mitochondrial membrane depolarization, cytochrome c release, and caspase and poly (ADPribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage; Supplementary Figure S4: Cytotoxicities of fenretinide(4-HPR) in combination with five microtubule inhibitors in three neuroblastoma cell lines (SMS-KCNR, CHLA-119, and CHLA-140); Supplementary Figure S5: Effect of the antioxidants vitamin C (Vit C) and vitamin E (Vit E) on the cytotoxiciity of fenretinide (4-HPR) in combination with five microtubule inhibitors in two neuroblastoma cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
The control of immune response in vitro by Ca2+. II. The Ca2+-dependent period during mitogenic stimulation. (1975)

The Ca2+ requirement for stimulation of DNA synthesis in vitro by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was investigated using mouse spleen cells. During mitogenic stimulation two periods could be distinguished: a Ca2+-independent period which was followed by a Ca2+-dependent period. The results suggest that Ca2+ is required for a step preceeding DNA synthesis but not for the early initial phase of transformation.
Documenting the Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease (2014)

was a seminal moment for international health. By combining these measures to create the disability-adjusted life year, they changed the global health discourse forever. The task was enormous. They had to include all countries, including many that had attracted virtually no attention from health researchers and that lacked vital registration systems. They scoured the world for data, extracting information from dusty archives, and analyzed surveys that had been forgotten.
Bandpass Filter Design Using a Novel Compact Planar Resonator (2002)

A three-pole Chebyscheff bandpass filter is realized using a novel compact planar resonator: the wired-patch resonator. The structure that results from the design procedure is an application example of this resonator in the field of the passive filters. The final structure, a three pole filter having center frequency of 2.14 GHz, is compatible with the UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) standard and is realized in a 1 inch × 1 inch square ceramic high permittivity substrate. Full wave Finite Element (FEM) analysis of the structure is employed to properly tune the resonators and to adjust the mutual couplings. The optimization phase is driven by the Identification Method which results in dramatically reducing the design time.
Análise da Aplicabilidade do Uso de Ontologias e Regras Semânticas para Apoiar a Verificação de Conformidade no Contexto de Arquiteturas Orientadas a Serviço (2013)

Muitas organizações tem utilizado a arquitetura orientada a serviços (SOA) para conseguir ganhos em custos e prazos. Porém o sucesso desta abordagem depende da implantação de mecanismos de governança que permitam a evolução da arquitetura alinhada com os objetivos do negócio. Dessa forma, é fundamental garantir conformidade com políticas corporativas. Este trabalho propõe abordagem de uso de ontologias e regras semânticas para apoiar a verificação de conformidade no contexto SOA. Uma prova de conceito considerando um cenário real foi conduzida comprovando a aplicabilidade da proposta.
Exa-bit optical communication exploring by 3M scheme (2013)

We present recent challenges and efforts toward a hardware paradigm shift to overcome capacity limitation under current optical communication infrastructure. The latest advances in the three “multi” technologies, i. e. multi-level transmission with ultrahigh spectral efficiency, space division multiplexing in multi-core fibers, and mode division multiplexing with MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output), will be overviewed.
Line-defect–waveguide laser integrated with a point defect in a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab (2005)

We realize an active two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal laser with a combination of line defects and point defects. Based on a line-defect–waveguide laser in a 2D photonic crystal slab, we observe laser emission from the point defect at the waveguide mode-edge frequency when there is a frequency mismatch with the point-defect mode. This phenomenon is due to the wide-field distribution at the waveguide mode edge and its distortion by the adjacent point defect. Numerical calculations estimate the emission efficiency and are in good agreement with experimental results.
Nanostructured DLC coatings for self-assembly applications (2010)

The singular characteristics of diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin films, concerning tribological and surfaces properties, are suitable for self-assembly applications. Usually, DLC thin films have been developed as protective coatings for sliding surfaces with relative motion. But, DLC coatings deposited on nanostructured surfaces also provide new potential for self-assembly applications. In particular, the addition of fluorine during the deposition of DLC deposited by pulsed DC plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) has a significant effect on the surface energy and tribological characteristics, which accelerates the mechanisms involved in self-assembly processes. Among the multiple applications of DLC coatings we also found their biocompatibility and antithrombogenicity. Such properties make them candidates for a number of medical applications where wear-resistant coatings, such as prosthesis, or simply biocompatible parts are required.
ADVANCED, LOW/ZERO EMISSION BOILER DESIGN AND OPERATION (2003)

This document reviews the work performed during the quarter April-June 2003. The main focus of this quarter has been the site preparation (task 1) for the test campaign scheduled in September/October 2003. Task 3 (Techno-economical assessment) has also been initiated while selecting the methodology to be used in the economics analysis and specifying the plants to be compared: In Task 1 (Site Preparation), the process definition and design activities have been completed, the equipment and instruments required have been identified, and the fabrication and installation activities have been initiated, to implement the required modifications on the pilot boiler. As of today, the schedule calls for completion of construction by late-July. System check-down is scheduled for the first two weeks of August. In Task 2 (Combustion and Emissions Performance Optimization), four weeks of testing are planned, two weeks starting second half of August and two weeks starting at the end of September. In Task 3 (Techno-Economic Study), the plants to be evaluated have been specified, including baseline cases (air fired PC boilers with or without CO{sub 2} capture), O{sub 2}-fired cases (with or without flue gas recirculation) and IGCC cases. Power plants ranging from 50 to 500MW have been selected and the methodology to be used has been described, both for performance evaluation and cost assessment. The first calculations will be performed soon and the first trends will be reported in the next quarter. As part of Task 5 (Project Management & Reporting), the subcontract between Babcock&Wilcox and American Air Liquide has been finalized. The subcontract between ISGS and American Air Liquide is in the final stages of completion.
Current and future trends in photoacoustic breast imaging (2019)

Non-invasive detection of breast cancer has been regarded as the holy grail of applications for photoacoustic (optoacoustic) imaging right from the early days of re-discovery of the method. Two-and-a-half decades later we report on the state-of-the-art in photoacoustic breast imaging technology and clinical studies. Even within the single application of breast imaging, we find imagers with various measurement geometries, ultrasound detection characteristics, illumination schemes, and image reconstruction strategies. We first analyze the implications on performance of a few of these design choices in a generic imaging system, before going into detailed descriptions of the imagers. Per imaging system we present highlights of patient studies, which barring a couple are mostly in the nature of technology demonstrations and proof-of-principle studies. We close this work with a discussion on several aspects that may turn out to be crucial for the future clinical translation of the method.
Abstract 13662: The Role of Pcsk9 in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (2022)

Introduction: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a local weakening and dilatation of the abdominal aorta ≥50%, is associated with high mortality in the event of rupture and has no current pharmacologic treatment. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (Pcsk9), an enzyme mainly known for its production in liver, can cause familial hypercholesterolemia due to gain-of-function mutations. When triggered by pro-inflammatory stimuli, Pcsk9 expression by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) has been found to induce cellular polyploidy, senescence, and apoptosis, hallmarks of AAA. Further, our collaborative consortium identified a relationship between Pcsk9 variants and AAA disease in humans utilizing a genome-wide association stud y (GWAS) in the Million Veteran Program. Lastly, our transcriptional profiling experiments in the porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) model of murine AAA found significant early (Day 3) upregulation of the Pcsk9 gene in aorta.Monoclonal Pcsk9 antibody therapies are effective for hypercholesterolemic patients who are resistant to conventional statin therapy. However, the role of Pcsk9 in AAA has not been explored in depth. If Pcsk9 were found to be pivotal in disease, Pcsk9-inhibitors could be high priority candidates for investigation in limiting AAA. Methods: Using the PPE model, AAA was induced in wildtype C57Bl/6 mice and Pcsk9 knock-out (KO) mice. Aneurysm growth was monitored via sonography at various time points, and local vascular Pcsk9 and inflammatory marker gene expression were measured by qPCR. In vitro, VSMC were treated with exogenous Pcsk9 and assayed for pro-inflammatory marker expression. Results: Sonographic imaging data showed smaller AAA diameters in Pcsk9 KO mice compared with wildtype C57Bl/6 mice. Inflammatory gene expression was significantly downregulated with Pcsk9 KO. In-vitro VSMCs showed upregulated inflammation after exogenous Pcsk9 treatment. Conclusions: Our data suggest that Pcsk9 plays a crucial role in the development of AAA and could be a viable treatment target to inhibit AAA progression.
Immunomodulatory role of Keratin 76 in oral and gastric cancer (2018)

Keratin 76 (Krt76) is expressed in the differentiated epithelial layers of skin, oral cavity and squamous stomach. Krt76 downregulation in human oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) correlates with poor prognosis. We show that genetic ablation of Krt76 in mice leads to spleen and lymph node enlargement, an increase in regulatory T cells (Tregs) and high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Krt76<sup>-/-</sup> Tregs have increased suppressive ability correlated with increased CD39 and CD73 expression, while their effector T cells are less proliferative than controls. Loss of Krt76 increases carcinogen-induced tumours in tongue and squamous stomach. Carcinogenesis is further increased when Treg levels are elevated experimentally. The carcinogenesis response includes upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enhanced accumulation of Tregs in the tumour microenvironment. Tregs also accumulate in human OSCC exhibiting Krt76 loss. Our study highlights the role of epithelial cells in modulating carcinogenesis via communication with cells of the immune system.