gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Topaz-II reactor control unit development (1994)

There is evidence that the hormonal control of hepatic IGF-I production is mediated by GH and insulin. To elucidate the role of these hormones further we administered s.c. or i.p. insulin (at 2.5 and 5.0 IU/day) and/or GH (0.8 IU/day) to rats made diabetic with streptozotocin 16 days previously. Hepatic IGF-I production was then assessed by quantifying hepatic IGF-I mRNA levels by autoradiography of Northern blots. Diabetes resulted in a fivefold reduction in hepatic IGF-I mRNA levels (optical density (OD) of the 0.7-1.1 kb band: controls, 1.3 +/- 0.09; diabetics, 0.28 +/- 0.08; P < 0.01), which was not significantly changed by treatment with s.c. insulin (OD: low dose, 0.55 +/- 0.05; high dose, 0.58 +/- 0.05) or low dose i.p. insulin (OD: 0.40 +/- 0.03). High dose i.p. insulin enhanced hepatic IGF-I mRNA levels (OD: 0.93 +/- 0.23) compared with diabetic rats (P < 0.01) and those given high dose s.c. insulin (P < 0.04), despite the blood glucose values being similar in the treated groups (i.p., 4.72 +/- 0.29 mmol/l; s.c., 3.32 +/- 0.03 mmol/l). Administration of GH alone partially restored the hepatic IGF-I mRNA level (OD: GH-treated, 1.00 +/- 0.05; diabetic, 0.28 +/- 0.08; P < 0.01), whilst having no effect on blood glucose values (diabetic, 36.35 +/- 0.45 mmol/l; GH-treated, 38.65 +/- 2.39 mmol/l). Additional administration of s.c. insulin completely restored IGF-I mRNA levels to those of controls (OD: low dose, 1.35 +/- 0.14; high dose, 1.27 +/- 0.18).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Development Of An Infrared Detector Array For ISOCAM (1988)

Within the framework of the ISO programme (Infrared Space Observatory), we have developed an infrared detector array for the long wavelength channel of the camera. The achievement of a such component and the main experimental results are presented.
Cardiac Anaphylaxis in Isolated Guinea Pig Hearts Perfused at Constant Flow or Constant Pressure (1987)

Acute responses to antigen-antibody interactions (anaphylactic reactions) in isolated guinea pig hearts are reported to include decreases in coronary flow, increases in heart rate, prolongation of impulse propagation, development of arrhythmias, and transient increases followed by substantial decreases in ventricular contractile force. It is not clear from these studies, however, whether all of the changes are direct effects of the mediators released by the antigen-antibody reaction or whether some of them are indirect results of the severe reduction in flow evoked by coronary vasoconstriction. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess cardiac anaphylactic events in isolated hearts of guinea pigs passively sensitized with IgG antibody to ovalbumin under conditions in which coronary perfusion pressure was maintained constant and to compare the responses to those of hearts in which coronary flow was maintained at a constant rate. Our data indicate that when coronary flow decreased during anaphylaxis (constant pressure perfusion), hearts responded to antigen challenge with greater prolongation of the PR interval, duration of arrhythmias, suppression of left ventricular systolic pressure, and release of histamine and adenosine plus inosine into the venous effluent than when coronary flow was maintained during anaphylaxis (constant flow perfusion). The data suggest that maintenance of coronary flow during cardiac anaphylaxis may attenuate the severity of the functional derangement.
Neuroligin-3 confines AMPA-receptors into nanoclusters (2022)

This is the README for the models associated with the paper: Ying Han, Ran Cao, Liming Qin, Lulu Y. Chen, Ai-Hui Tang, Thomas C. Südhof , Bo Zhang Neuroligin-3 confines AMPA-receptors into nanoclusters, thereby controlling synaptic strength at the calyx of Held synapses To make the code concise, we used GluA1 to represent slow-GluAs and GluA4 to represent fast-GluAs, respectively. <br> There are two folders containing seven files under each folder. The program in each folder is based on the STORM data of GluA1/GluA4 or PSD-95, respectively. The order of operation should be: <br> (1) make.m <br> To get the .mexw64 file that can be invoked within MATLAB. This will result in three new files: <br> synapse_absorb_at_cleftbd_C.mexw64, synapse_absorb_at_glia_C.mexw64, and synapse_C.c.<br> (2) run_sim.m<br> This file can change the parameters of the simulation and <br> get the operation result including states of AMPARs, states of glutamates and so on.<br> It needs to take hours if you run 160 times and the running time depends on your device.<br> (3) EPSC_generation.m<br> This file can get currents of fast- and slow-GluAs and their combined traces. The remaining four files don't need to be run.<br> (4) synapse_sim.m<br> Including all the parameters that can be changed in simulation.<br> (5) synapse_fun.m<br> The simulation structure.<br> (6) synapse_C.c<br> Run to make compile. Note that the parameters in this file should be the same as in synapse_fun.m.<br> (7) printLoopStateInfo.m<br> This filename is literal. It prints information on the loop state.
Enantioselective Diels-Alder reaction of .alpha.-bromo-.alpha.,.beta.-enals with dienes under catalysis by CAB (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnantioselective Diels-Alder reaction of .alpha.-bromo-.alpha.,.beta.-enals with dienes under catalysis by CABKazuaki Ishihara, Qingzhi Gao, and Hisashi YamamotoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 24, 6917–6919Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00076a070https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00076a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views801Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interior Tomography Using 1D Generalized Total Variation. Part II: Multiscale Implementation (2015)

To address the classic interior tomography problem where projections at each view extend only to the shadow of a circular region completely interior to the subject being scanned, previously we showed that the exact recovery of two- and three-dimensional piecewise smooth images is guaranteed using a one-dimensional generalized total variation seminorm penalty which allows a much faster reconstruction. To further accelerate the algorithm up to a level for clinical use, this paper proposes a novel multiscale reconstruction method by exploiting the Bedrosian identity of the Hilbert transform. More specifically, we show that the high frequency parts of the one-dimensional signals can be quickly recovered analytically with the Hilbert transform because of the Bedrosian identity. This implies that computationally expensive iterative reconstruction need only be applied to low resolution images in the downsampled domain, which significantly reduces the computational burden. Moreover, even for incomplete trajectories such as circular cone-beam geometry, we demonstrate that the proposed multiscale interior tomography approach can be combined with a novel spectral blending method in order to mitigate cone-beam artifacts from missing frequency regions. We show the efficacy of the proposed multiscale algorithm using circular fan-beam, helical cone-beam data, and circular cone-beam geometry. With a graphics processing unit implementation, we demonstrate that the speed of the algorithm can be significantly accelerated up to the level for clinical use for various acquisition geometries.
Low temperature low pressure MOCVD Al <i> <sub>x</sub> </i> Ga <sub>1-</sub> <i> <sub>x</sub> </i> Aslayergrown as a dielectric for GaAs MIS devices (1995)

An oxygen doped AlxGa1-xAs layer is demonstrated as a dielectric for GaAs MIS structures. This layer is MOCVD grown at 550°C with an operating pressure of 10 torr. By keeping the aluminium content low, it is possible to obtain a dielectric with relatively high resistivity and very good interface quality.
Cadmium–Aluminum Layered Double Hydroxide Microspheres for Photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction (2016)

We report the synthesis of cadmium-aluminum layered double hydroxide (CdAl LDH) using the reaction-diffusion framework. As the hydroxide anions diffuse into an agar gel matrix containing the mixture of aluminum and cadmium salts at a given ratio, they react to give the LDH. The LDH self-assembles inside the pores of the gel matrix into a unique spherical-porous shaped microstructure. The internal and external morphologies of the particles are studied by electron microscopy and tomography revealing interconnected channels and a high surface area. This material is shown to exhibit a promising performance in the photoreduction of carbon dioxide using solar light. Moreover, the palladium-decorated version shows a significant improvement in its reduction potential at room temperature.
Surface Impedance Engineered Low-Profile Dual-Band Grooved-Dielectric Choke Ring for GNSS Applications (2019)

A novel low-profile grooved-dielectric choke ring with dual-band surface impedance resonance is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The proposed structure is designed by engineering the surface impedance of a dielectric-based choke ring to introduce two resonant frequencies around the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) bands of L2 (1227.60 MHz) and L1 (1575.42 MHz). This provides capacitive surface impedances around both bands simultaneously, which is required for efficient surface wave suppression for higher multipath rejection performance. To demonstrate the proposed principle of surface impedance engineering, an in-house choke ring prototype of the proposed design is tested with the widely used Dorne and Margolin antenna. A high multipath rejection in both GNSS bands is experimentally confirmed with comparable performances to an otherwise bulky, heavy, and expensive conventional metallic choke ring.
Modification of metal–organic interface using F<sub>4</sub>‐TCNQ for enhanced hole injection properties in optoelectronic devices (2012)

Abstract Incorporation of thin layers of tetrafluro‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (F 4 ‐TCNQ) has been found to modify the work functions of a number of substrates. Surface potential measurement using Kelvin probe method (KPM) has been used to monitor the change in work function of the modified substrates. The results support the integer charge transfer model by which the Fermi levels of the substrates are aligned with the negative polaron states of F 4 ‐TCNQ. Further, we found that the work function of the substrates increases with increase in F 4 ‐TCNQ thickness from 0 to 7 nm and then saturates for further increase in thickness. The variation in work function has been attributed to the low surface coverage of F 4 ‐TCNQ islands on the substrates. The ITO and Au substrates with increased work functions were used as the electrode for hole only devices of common hole transport materials. The hole injection property has been found to increase with increase in F 4 ‐TCNQ thickness and for ITO surface modified with 7 nm F 4 ‐TCNQ layer, ohmic conduction has been achieved for HTLs with HOMO level up to 5.4 eV. When these modified substrates were used as hole injecting contacts in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), they gave substantially higher electroluminance, power efficiency and lower operating voltages.
Substance P selectively activates TNF-alpha gene expression in murine mast cells (1993)

There is increasing evidence that the neurologic system is capable of modulating a wide range of immunologic responses, including certain inflammatory processes in the lung, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. It has been proposed that secreted neuropeptides such as substance P (SP) may mediate these neuroinflammatory interactions by binding to and stimulating immune cells such as mast cells and lymphoid cells. SP is secreted in a variety of tissues by an extensive network of neurosensory C and A5 fibers in response to a wide range of noxious stimuli and injury. Previous studies to examine the effect of SP on mast cells have focused on its role in triggering histamine release and mediating immediate hypersensitivity responses. Recently it was demonstrated that mast cells are also capable of secreting multiple cytokines including TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, and GM-CSF. In this study we tested the possibility that SP may also influence mast cell-mediated late inflammatory events by modulating the production of one or several of these cytokines. Our results indicate that SP induces TNF-alpha mRNA expression and TNF-alpha secretion in a dose-dependent manner in a murine mast cell line, CFTL12. Likewise, SP stimulates TNF-alpha secretion in freshly isolated murine peritoneal mast cells. The induction of mast cell TNF-alpha is selective, since SP does not stimulate the production of IL-1, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, or GM-CSF in these cells. The CFTL 12 mast cell line constitutively expresses high levels of SP receptor mRNA which is not modulated by PMA/cycloheximide treatment or SP. These results further support the concept that the neurologic system modulates inflammatory events by neuropeptide-mediated mast cell cytokine release.
The mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and profile of viral reservoirs in pediatric population: A systematic review with meta-analysis of the Cameroonian studies (2023)

In spite of the dropdown in MTCT following option-B+ implementation, MTCT remains high in Cameroon, with substantial disparities across regions. Thus, in this era of option-B+, achieving MTCT elimination requires interventions in northern-Cameroon. The variation in pro-viral load in infected-children underlines the relevance of characterizing viral reservoirs for possible infection control in tropical settings.
Association between strengths use and psychological adjustment to visual impairments among visually impaired individuals (2020)

Abstract This study investigates the association between strengths use and psychological adjustment to visual impairment. Fifty-nine visually impaired individuals (mean age: 49.3 ± 14.8 years; range: 22–82) were assessed using the Strengths Use Scale and the Japanese version of the Nottingham Adjustment Scale (anxiety/depression, self-esteem, attitude to disability, acceptance of disability, locus of control, and self-efficacy). The participants’ sociodemographic and their visual impairment-related information were also collected. A simple regression analysis of the Nottingham Adjustment Scale scores revealed that strengths use was significantly correlated with anxiety/depression, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and acceptance of VI, while multiple regression analyses identified strengths use as the most significant factor correlated with anxiety/depression, self-esteem, and self-efficacy. Strengths use could be a promising means of facilitating better psychological adjustment to visual impairment, although further study is needed to examine the underlying mechanisms involved.
Prolonged Colonization of Mice by <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> El Tor O1 Depends on Accessory Toxins (2007)

Cholera epidemics caused by Vibrio cholerae El Tor O1 strains are typified by a large number of asymptomatic carriers who excrete vibrios but do not develop diarrhea. This carriage state was important for the spread of the seventh cholera pandemic as the bacterium was mobilized geographically, allowing the global dispersion of this less virulent strain. Virulence factors associated with the development of the carriage state have not been previously identified. We have developed an animal model of cholera in adult C57BL/6 mice wherein V. cholerae colonizes the mucus layer and forms microcolonies in the crypts of the distal small bowel. Colonization occurred 1 to 3 h after oral inoculation and peaked at 10 to 12 h, when bacterial loads exceeded the inoculum by 10- to 200-fold, indicating bacterial growth within the small intestine. After a clearance phase, the number of bacteria within the small intestine, but not those in the cecum or colon, stabilized and persisted for at least 72 h. The ability of V. cholerae to prevent clearance and establish this prolonged colonization was associated with the accessory toxins hemolysin, the multifunctional autoprocessing RTX toxin, and hemagglutinin/protease and did not require cholera toxin or toxin-coregulated pili. The defect in colonization attributed to the loss of the accessory toxins may be extracellularly complemented by inoculation of the defective strain with an isogenic colonization-proficient V. cholerae strain. This work thus demonstrates that secreted accessory toxins modify the host environment to enable prolonged colonization of the small intestine in the absence of overt disease symptoms and thereby contribute to disease dissemination via asymptomatic carriers.
High-Pressure Die-Casting Process Modelling Using Neural Networks (2011)

This chapter presents the application of a neural network to the industrial process modeling of high-pressure die casting (HPDC). The large number of inter- and intradependent process parameters makes it difficult to obtain an accurate physical model of the HPDC process that is paramount to understanding the effects of process parameters on casting defects such as porosity. The first stage of the work was to obtain an accurate model of the die-casting process using a feed-forward multilayer perceptron (MLP) from the process condition monitoring data. The second stage of the work was to find out the effect of different process parameters on the level of porosity in castings by performing sensitivity analysis. The results obtained are in agreement with the current knowledge of the effects of different process parameters on porosity defects, demonstrating the ability of the MLP to model the die-casting process accurately.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
Viscosifying Surfactant Technology for Chemical EOR: A Reservoir Case (2012)

Abstract Recent publications indicate that the injection of polymer solutions at concentrations larger than those conventionally used in polymer flooding can result in higher recovery at field scale. Typically, oil recovery more than 20% OOIP compared to waterflooding using these polymer solutions has been reported (Wang et al; 2011). However, injectivity issues have to be considered when injecting such concentrated polymer solutions. This study describes an alternative approach based on surfactant-based solutions. The technology has been developed to match the rheological properties of polymer solutions in a broad range of reservoir conditions (temperature &amp; salinity) without any injectivity limitations even when considering very viscous surfactant solutions (i.e. up to 1000 cps) and low permeability cores. Average first normal stress difference measurements have been used to compare the elastic properties of surfactant and high-molecular-weight polymer solutions. The degree of non-linearity in the mechanical properties for both solutions has been expressed by Weissenberg number. The surfactant solution has much higher Weissenberg number than the polymer solution at a shear rate corresponding to the fluid propagation in the reservoir, which indicates higher elasiticily of these surfactant solutions. The potential of this surfactant-based technology is illustrated through a specific reservoir case involving heavy oil. A series of coreflood experiments has been performed in reservoir cores at reservoir conditions. The surfactant slug can be combined with a conventional low-concentration polymer flooding to further improve the process. Reduction in residual oil saturation in the range of 10 to 15% has been obtained. Complementary simulation study giving rise to economic analysis have been performed.
Active and low-active forms of serum phospholipid transfer protein in a normal Finnish population sample (2004)

Human serum phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) exists as a catalytically active (HA-PLTP) and a low-active (LA-PLTP) form. In this study, the association of PLTP activity and the concentrations of both forms with lipid and carbohydrate parameters were investigated. In a random Finnish population sample, serum PLTP concentration (n=250) was 6.56 +/- 1.45 mg/l, the mean lipoprotein-independent (PLTPexo) phospholipid transfer activity was 6.59 +/- 1.66 micromol/ml/h, and the mean lipoprotein-dependent (PLTPendo) activity was 1.37 +/- 0.29 micromol/ml/h. Of the serum PLTP concentration, approximately 46% was in a catalytically active form. HA-PLTP concentration correlated positively with serum PLTPexo activity (r=0.380, P <0.001), HDL cholesterol (r=0.291, P <0.001), and apolipoprotein A-I (r=0.187, P <0.01). Of the potential regulatory factors for PLTP, apolipoprotein E showed a weak positive correlation with serum PLTPexo (r=0.154, P <0.05) and PLTPendo (r=0.192, P <0.01) activity but not with PLTP concentration. Weak associations were also observed between PLTP parameters and determinants of glucose homeostasis (glucose, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance). The present data on PLTP activity and concentration reveal novel connections of the two PLTP forms to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.
Erhardt Barth [biography] (2008)

A short professional biography of the above-named author is presented.
A parametric study of Microporous Metal Matrix-Phase Change Material composite heat spreaders for transient thermal applications (2014)

Metal-PCM (Phase Change Material) composite heat spreaders offer a combination of high effective thermal conductivity and high density heat storage capability that are desirable for transient thermal management applications, especially in mobile and wearable electronic devices. In this study, we propose fabrication of microporous metal matrix (MMM)-PCM composite heat spreaders through electrodeposition of metal over a template of PCM microcapsules that result in composites with metal volume fraction of ~ 0.26. Effective thermal conductivity of these composites equal 74 W/m. K and 44 W/m. K for copper matrix and aluminum matrix respectively. Order of magnitude analysis for time response and thermal energy storage utilization performed on metal-PCM composites, as a function of metal volume fraction, shows that the optimal metal volume fraction range is 0.2-0.5 for the best thermal performance of metal-PCM composite heat spreaders. Furthermore, the temperature response of the MMM-PCM composite heat spreaders to a heat input showed that the use of PCM within a metal matrix can hold the device skin temperature below the ergonomic limit for long durations of time without sacrificing the time response.