gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two-Step Time of Arrival Estimation for Pulse-Based Ultra-Wideband Systems (2008)

In cooperative localization systems, wireless nodes need to exchange accurate position-related information such as time-of-arrival (TOA) and angle-of-arrival (AOA), in order to obtain accurate location information. One alternative for providing accurate position-related information is to use ultra-wideband (UWB) signals. The high time resolution of UWB signals presents a potential for very accurate positioning based on TOA estimation. However, it is challenging to realize very accurate positioning systems in practical scenarios, due to both complexity/cost constraints and adverse channel conditions such as multipath propagation. In this paper, a two-step TOA estimation algorithm is proposed for UWB systems in order to provide accurate TOA estimation under practical constraints. In order to speed up the estimation process, the first step estimates a coarse TOA of the received signal based on received signal energy. Then, in the second step, the arrival time of the first signal path is estimated by considering a hypothesis testing approach. The proposed scheme uses low-rate correlation outputs and is able to perform accurate TOA estimation in reasonable time intervals. The simulation results are presented to analyze the performance of the estimator.
Targeted activation in deterministic and stochastic systems (2010)

Metastable escape is ubiquitous in many physical systems and is becoming a concern in engineering design as these designs (e.g., swarms of vehicles, coupled building energetics, nanoengineering, etc.) become more inspired by dynamics of biological, molecular and other natural systems. In light of this, we study a chain of coupled bistable oscillators which has two global conformations and we investigate how specialized or targeted disturbance is funneled in an inverse energy cascade and ultimately influences the transition process between the conformations. We derive a multiphase averaged approximation to these dynamics which illustrates the influence of actions in modal coordinates on the coarse behavior of this process. An activation condition that predicts how the disturbance influences the rate of transition is then derived. The prediction tools are derived for deterministic dynamics and we also present analogous behavior in the stochastic setting and show a divergence from Kramers activation behavior under targeted activation conditions.
Evaluation of fiber-optic error rates using a normalizing transform (1982)

A new approximate technique for evaluating performance of digital fiber-optic systems employing an avalanche photodiode receiver is presented. The essence of the new technique is a point transformation, the normalizing transform, which converts the signal-dependent noise associated with photodetection and avalanche gain fluctuations into signal-independent noise. The new technique is as simple as a Gaussian approximation yet is more accurate.
Supplementary Table 1 from A Naturally Derived Small Molecule Disrupts Ligand-Dependent and Ligand-Independent Androgen Receptor Signaling in Human Prostate Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 19K, Sense and antisense primer sequences of various genes used in q-RT-PCR assays.&lt;/p&gt;
SUPERCOMPUTER MOLECULAR MODELING FOR RESEARCH ON COMPLEX CATALYC REACTIONS AND PHARMOCOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF CHOLINESTEASES (2021)

In the present talk, works on supercomputer molecular modeling of interaction mechanisms of cholinesterases with substrates and inhibitors, related to biomedical problems are described.
Current-driven perpendicular magnetization switching in Ta/CoFeB/[TaOx or MgO/TaOx] films with lateral structural asymmetry (2014)

We study the current-driven perpendicular magnetization switching in Ta/CoFeB(wedge)/[TaOx or MgO/TaOx] devices with a lateral structural asymmetry introduced by a varying CoFeB thickness. In these devices, an in-plane current can generate a field-like torque and its corresponding effective magnetic field (HzFL) is out-of-plane, which can deterministically switch perpendicular magnetization at zero magnetic field. Experimental results indicate that the method used for breaking lateral structural symmetry greatly affects the resulting field-like torque, and that the gradient of perpendicular anisotropy, resulting from the CoFeB thickness variation, is not by itself sufficient to give rise to the current-induced HzFL. Analysis of the oxidation gradient at the CoFeB/TaOx interface indicates that the oxidation gradient may play a more important role than the gradient of magnetic anisotropy for the generation of HzFL. For practical applications, the demonstration of perpendicular magnetization switching in Ta/CoFeB(wedge)/MgO/TaOx devices potentially allows for using MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions for readout in three-terminal memory devices without the need for external magnetic fields.
SB365, Pulsatilla saponin D, targets c-Met and exerts antiangiogenic and antitumor activities (2013)

SB365, Pulsatilla saponin D isolated from the root of Pulsatilla koreana, has exhibited potential beneficial effects as a chemopreventive agent for critical health conditions including cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the activity of SB365 remain unknown. Here, we examined anticancer efficacy of SB365 against gastric cancer and its mechanism of action. SB365 effectively inhibited the growth of gastric cancer cells. Its apoptotic effect was accompanied by increased evidence of cleaved caspase-3 and poly(ADP ribose) polymerase. To elucidate the anticancer mechanism of SB365, we used an array of 42 different receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Of the 42 different phospho-RTKs, SB365 strongly inhibited expression of activated c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-Met) in gastric cancer cells. Also, the activation of the c-Met signal cascade components, including Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin, was inhibited by SB365 in a dose-dependent manner. In angiogenesis studies, SB365 inhibited tube formation in hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells and suppressed microvessel sprouting from the rat aortic ring, ex vivo, and blood vessel formation in the Matrigel plug assay in mice. In xenograft animal models, SB365 significantly delayed tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner. In tumor tissue, SB365 suppressed c-Met signaling, proliferation and angiogenesis and induced apoptosis. These findings suggest that SB365 docks at an allosteric site on c-Met and thereby targets c-Met signaling pathway, cell growth/angiogenesis inhibition and apoptosis induction. Therefore, SB365 may be a novel drug candidate for the treatment of gastric cancer.
Rolling Resistance of Wheelchair tire (2019)

This research aims to construct a dynamic model of rolling resistance for wheelchair tires. The tire was modeled as an elastic body. It is considered that no slip originally occurs between the tire and the road surface. The relative displacement caused by the speed difference is thought to cause slippage. However, we thought that the circumferential spring of the tire worked so as not to cause slippage by shear deformation. I think that shear deformation occurs as rolling of the tire. Simulation of the rolling resistance force showed that the tendency to the vertical displacement of the tire was consistent. However, the calculated value of the rolling resistance force was 10 times larger than the measured value.
Maximum Heat Transfer to Metallic-Liquid Flows from a Cluster of Vertical, Parallel-Plate Channels Heated Symmetrically (1997)

The problem of optimizing a cluster of isothermal or isoflux parallel-plate channels where the coolant is a metallic liquid is addressed. The pressure difference is fixed, and laminar forced convection is caused by the simultaneous development of velocity and temperature from free-stream conditions of the liquid. The Fanning friction factor is invariant with the fluid. However, local and streamwise-mean Nusselt number distributions for each heating condition are carefully computed exploiting the physical analogy between transient conduction in a flat plate and steady temperature development inside a parallel-plate channel under the premise of slug flow. The qualitative influence of diminute Prandtl number liquids (Pr = 0.01 and 0.005) is reported in terms of the optimal heat transfer and the optimal plate-to-plate spacing for the two heating conditions employed.
Testing the digital modulation of PHS devices (2002)

Intermediate frequency (IF) signal output devices, with the quadrature mixer integrated into the modulation unit of the base-band LSI, are used with the Personal Handyphone Systems (PHS). It's known that modulation accuracy is a parameter for synthetic evaluation of the accuracy of IF modulation signals. This paper discusses an algorithm for fast measurement of this parameter. The results of this algorithm were evaluated using a mixed signal IC test system.
&lt;title&gt;CD-SEM metrology using BSE detection&lt;/title&gt; (1994)

The characteristics of BSE emission at low beam energies (0.5 to 5 kV) are discussed with reference to signal intensity, topographic contrast, material contrast, charging phenomena, and metrology issues. Experimental results are presented for a back-scattered electron (BSE) detector that has been developed for viewing deep trenches and high-aspect contact holes in the CD-SEM metrology applications.
Motion-compensated estimation of delivered dose during external beam radiation therapy: implementation in Philips' Pinnacle(3) treatment planning system. (2012)

This paper presents results from the implementation of an algorithm on a commercially available treatment planning system that quantifies the dosimetric effects of interfractional and intrafractional motion in external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) of prostate cancer. The implementation of this algorithm within a commercial treatment planning system such as Pinnacle(3) enables easy deployment in the existing clinical workflow. The results of the PDD tests validate the implementation of the DiDIT algorithm in Pinnacle(3), in comparison with previously published results.
Endogenous opioids modify dyspnoea during treadmill exercise in patients with COPD (2009)

Exogenous opioid drugs, such as morphine, relieve breathlessness. The present study hypothesis was that endogenous opioids, released during the stress of exercise, modify dyspnoea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. After familiarisation, patients performed an incremental treadmill exercise test followed by constant work on the treadmill for 10 min. At subsequent visits (2 to 3 days apart), patients received two puffs of albuterol, had a catheter placed in an arm vein for removal of blood to measure beta-endorphin immunoreactivity, received normal saline or 10 mg of naloxone intravenously in randomised order, and then performed high-intensity constant work rate exercise on the treadmill. The mean+/-sd age of the 17 patients (eight females and nine males) was 63+/-7 yrs, and post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second was 50+/-17% predicted. In both conditions, beta-endorphin levels increased three-fold from rest to end-exercise. The regression slope of breathlessness as a function of oxygen consumption (primary outcome), mean ratings of breathlessness throughout exercise and peak ratings of breathlessness were significantly higher with naloxone than normal saline. There were no differences in physiological responses throughout exercise between conditions. In conclusion, endogenous opioids modify dyspnoea during treadmill exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by apparent alteration of central perception.
Infrared narrow band gap nanocrystals: recent progresses relative to imaging and active detection (2020)

Current technologies for infrared detection have been based on epitaxially grown semiconductors. Here we review some of the recent developments relative to colloidal nanocrystals and their use as building blocks for the design of low-cost infrared sensors. We focus on HgTe nanocrystals which appear as the only material leading to infrared photoconductivity and ultra-broad spectral tunability: from the visible to the long-wave infrared. We review some of the important results which demonstrated that colloidal nanocrystals can be compatible with air stable operations, fast detection, and strong absorption. We discuss the recent progresses relative to multipixel devices and show results obtained by coupling short-wave infrared nanoparticles with CMOS circuits to achieve video rate VGA format imaging. In particular we present that nanocrystals are a promising material for long range (&gt;150 m) active detection in both continuous wave and pulsed mode with a time resolution down to 10 ns.
Study of Reaction Rate in Mesophilic Methane Fermentation (1978)

畜産廃棄物を処理するのに消化法や活性汚泥法が用いられている。これらの方法に関するこれまでの研究は発酵の最適条件に関するものが多く, 発酵槽設計の基礎となる実用的な生物反応速度に関する研究は少ない.本研究は家畜糞尿の中温メタン発酵における分解反応速度に関するもので, 発酵温度範囲は25～38℃である.また分解反応速度Vに及ぼす種消化汚泥初濃度 [E*] および生汚泥初濃度 [S*] の影響についても検討した.実験の結果, 分解反応速度式は酵素反応モデルに基づくMichaelis-Mentcnの式と同一形式で表されることが明らかになるとともに, V, [E*], [S*] の関係は次のような実験式で表される.V=K [E*]0.5 [S*]0.5ここにKは反応速度定数で発酵温度の関数であり, それはArrhenius式と同様に表される.これよりみかけ活性化エネルギーは, 25～38℃の範囲で12.2kcal/molと求められた.
Protein Folding in the Cell: The Role of Molecular Chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp60 (1992)

Many bacterial clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems employ the dual RNA–guided DNA endonuclease Cas9 to defend against invading phages and conjugative plasmids by introducing site-specific ...Read More
The supply and energy potential of forest resources in northern Wisconsin and Michigan's Upper Peninsula. (1980)

Studies have shown that wood fuel has only a small 4. At what prices can wood fuel compete with fossil potential for alleviating the national energy short-fuels and purchased electricity? age; however, the opportunities for the pulp and paper industry are excellent. Because it is close to the The first two questions address the supply of wood and the last two the demand. wood resource, skilled in wood harvest and transport, familiar with wood properties, and already providing This study integrates existing forest survey methclose to half of its energy needs from wood residues, ods, which describe physical characteristics, with the pulp and paper industry is ideally suited to gain methods that add essential economic perspectives. complete energy independence through the use of Traditionally, Forest Survey identifies current forest w0od-based fuels, conditions and suggests appropriate strategies for national and regional forest management. Although This report contains two related assessments of these analyses have important economic implicaforest energy potential. First, a detailed study (fig. 1) tions, primarily in regard to regional timber balwas made of Mead Corporation's pulp and paper mill ances, they are not designed to answer economic in Escanaba, _Michigan. This mill has a procurement questions of greatest interest to indiviual firms: areacovering most ofMichigan's Upper Peninsula whereistheharvestable timber, andhow much will andasmallpartofnortheastern Wisconsin. Second, a itcosttoharvestand transport? Whilethespecific broaderevaluation was made for10 ofthe21 pulp objective ofthisreport istoassess forest energypoand papermillsinthefourForestSurveyUnitsof tentials in northernWisconsinand Michigan,our northernWisconsinand Upper Michigan(fig. 2). approach, which combinessilvicultural projections with harvestand transport costestimates, should Forboththecasestudyand theregional analysis, havewideapplication inforest resource appraisals. fourquestions were asked:
ChemInform Abstract: Andrastin D, Novel Protein Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor Produced by Penicillium sp. FO‐3929. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A 41-kilodalton protein is a potential substrate for the p210bcr-abl protein-tyrosine kinase in chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. (1992)

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is characterized by a translocation involving the c-abl protein-tyrosine kinase gene. A chimeric mRNA is formed containing sequences from a chromosome 22 gene (bcr) at its 5' end and all but the variable exon 1 of c-abl sequence. The product of this mRNA, p210bcr-abl, has constitutively high protein-tyrosine kinase activity. We examined K562 cells and other lines established from CML patients for the presence of phosphotyrosine (P-Tyr)-containing proteins which might be p210bcr-abl substrates. Two-dimensional gel separation of 32P-labeled proteins followed by phosphoamino acid analysis of 25 phosphoproteins, which comprised the major alkali-stable phosphoproteins, indicated that three related proteins of 41 kDa are the most prominent P-Tyr-containing proteins detected by this method. The 41-kDa phosphoproteins are found in two other CML lines that we examined but not in lines of similar lineage isolated from patients with distinct leukemic disease. A protein that comigrates with the major form of pp41 (pp41A) and contains P-Tyr is also found in murine fibroblasts and B-lymphoid cells transformed by Abelson murine leukemia virus, which encodes the v-abl protein, and in platelet-derived growth factor-treated fibroblasts, in which it has been described previously. We analyzed three pairs of Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B-cell lines from individual CML patients and found that only the lines in which active p210bcr-abl was present contained detectable pp41. We also performed immunoblotting with anti-P-Tyr antibodies on the same CML cell lines and detected at least four other putative substrates of p210bcr-abl, which were undetected with use of the two-dimensional gel technique.
Interpolation of Acoustic Signals in Sound Capture with Rolling- shuttered Visual Camera (2020)

International audience
Neurotrophin‐3 regulates mast cell functions in neonatal mouse skin (2004)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) has long been recognized as an important mast cell (MC) growth factor. To explore whether other neurotrophins (NTs) of the NGF family, which are widely expressed in mouse skin, affect the numbers and/or functions of MCs we examined the effects of NT-3 on neonatal skin MCs. We demonstrate that TrkC, the high affinity NT-3 receptor, is expressed by virtually all neonatal skin MCs in C57BL/6 mice, which indicates that MCs can respond to NT-3. Skin of neonatal and early postnatal NT-3-overexpressing mice (promoter: K14) displayed significantly and up to twofold increased numbers of MCs during the first 20 days after birth, as compared to wild-type mice. To check whether this increase in MC numbers in NT-3 transgenic mice reflects a higher rate of proliferation, we performed immunohistochemistry, which revealed that only 1-2% of all skin MCs both in NT-3-overexpressing and in wild-type controls showed Ki-67-positive nuclei, suggesting that the observed differences in the number of MCs do not reflect a higher rate of MC proliferation. Additionally, we show that the effect of NT-3 on the number of MCs is most likely to be stem cell factor (SCF)-independent, because NT-3 significantly downregulates secretion of SCF-protein in cultured dermal fibroblasts, as assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Numbers of skin MCs in neonatal TrkC-deficient mice were found to be modestly reduced, as compared to wild-type mice, indicating that NT-3 can modulate the number of MCs directly via TrkC, although TrkC does not seem to be essential for the number of basal MCs. To further analyze the effects of NT-3 on MCs, we stimulated skin organ culture of early postnatal C57BL/6 mouse skin with 5-50 ng/ml NT-3, which induced a significant increase in MC degranulation, as visualized by Giemsa staining. However, stimulation of isolated neonatal dermal skin MCs with NT-3 in vitro failed to result in MC activation, as measured by serotonin release. Our data suggest a role for NT-3 in the maturation of MCs, such as a TrkC-mediated stimulation of the differentiation of pre-existing, less mature MCs and/or by enhancing the migration of circulating MC precursors into the skin.
Cover Feature: Spray‐Flame‐Prepared LaCo<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>Fe<sub>x</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Nanoparticles as Active OER Catalysts: Influence of Fe Content and Low‐Temperature Heating (ChemElectroChem 12/2020) (2020)

The Cover Feature shows a spray-flame reactor used to synthesize perovskite catalyst nanoparticles. The blue methane/oxygen pilot flame at the bottom ignites a combustible precursor aerosol injected via a centric nozzle. Nanoparticle formation downstream of the reaction zone leads to metastable, highly active LaCo1–xFexO3 perovskite catalysts with improved oxygen evolution reaction activity. The image was taken by Samer Suleiman. More information can be found in the Aricle by B. Alkan et al.
Naviarm (2019)

We present a wearable haptic assistance robotic system for augmented motor learning called Naviarm. This system comprises two robotic arms that are mounted on a user's body and are used to transfer one person's motion to another offline. Naviarm pre-records the arm motion trajectories of an expert via the mounted robotic arms and then plays back these recorded trajectories to share the expert's body motion with a beginner. The Naviarm system is an ungrounded system and provides mobility for the user to conduct a variety of motions. In this paper, we focus on the temporal aspect of motor skill and use a mime performance as a case study learning task. We verified the system effectiveness for motor learning using the conducted experiments. The results suggest that the proposed system has benefits for learning sequential skills.
Highly Potent Inhibitors of Proprotein Convertase Furin as Potential Drugs for Treatment of Infectious Diseases (2012)

Optimization of our previously described peptidomimetic furin inhibitors was performed and yielded several analogs with a significantly improved activity. The most potent compounds containing an N-terminal 4- or 3-(guanidinomethyl)phenylacetyl residue inhibit furin with K(i) values of 16 and 8 pM, respectively. These analogs inhibit other proprotein convertases, such as PC1/3, PC4, PACE4, and PC5/6, with similar potency, whereas PC2, PC7, and trypsin-like serine proteases are poorly affected. Incubation of selected compounds with Madin-Darby canine kidney cells over a period of 96 h revealed that they exhibit great stability, making them suitable candidates for further studies in cell culture. Two of the most potent derivatives were used to inhibit the hemagglutinin cleavage and viral propagation of a highly pathogenic avian H7N1 influenza virus strain. The treatment with inhibitor 24 (4-(guanidinomethyl)phenylacetyl-Arg-Val-Arg-4-amidinobenzylamide) resulted in significantly delayed virus propagation compared with an inhibitor-free control. The same analog was also effective in inhibiting Shiga toxin activation in HEp-2 cells. This antiviral effect, as well as the protective effect against a bacterial toxin, suggests that inhibitors of furin or furin-like proprotein convertases could represent promising lead structures for future drug development, in particular for the treatment of infectious diseases.