gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception Is Rising in U.S. Teens — But We Still Have Far to Go (2015)

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) and implants are ideal for sexually active teens, as these forms of contraception are most effective and safe and least
Overexpression of P-glycoprotein but not its mRNA in multidrug resistant cells selected with hydroxyrubicin. (1995)

Previous studies have revealed that cultured cells treated with lipophilic natural products containing aromatic rings and basic amino group usually yielded multidrug resistant (MDR) variants. These MDR cells overexpress P-glycoprotein (P-gp), most often due to gene amplification or transcriptional activation of mdr/P-gp genes. Doxorubicin (Dox) is an anthracycline that belongs to this group of compounds. To explore the possible resistance mechanism(s) to anthracyclines that do not involve P-gp, we use a Dox analog, hydroxyrubicin (HyR) or WP159, which contains a C3' hydroxy group in replacement of the amino group in the sugar moiety of Dox thereby reducing basicity and eliminating positive charge in the parental compound to establish HyR-resistant cell lines. These resistant cells displayed the MDR phenotype and overexpressed P-gp as analyzed by Western blot analyses and immunohistochemical staining using two different anti-P-gp antibodies. Strikingly, the levels of P-gp mRNA in the majority of these MDR cells remained comparable to those in the drug-sensitive counterparts by slot blot hybridization. These results implicate that the basic center of the selecting agent is a critical determinant for generating diverse MDR variants, and that HyR may have a posttranscriptional effect on P-gp biosynthesis. This is the first report suggesting that cultured cells exposed to a particular selecting agent may give rise to particular subtype of MDR variants.
Low-latency compressive active user identification over frequency-selective fading channels (2018)

This paper proposes a compressive sensing (CS) based active user identification scheme over frequency-selective fading channels. Unlike the conventional cyclic prefix (CP) based preamble transmission, our approach does not utilize CP in order to conserve signaling overhead, in turn reducing the system-wide processing latency. Our approach first estimates the multi-user channel impulse response vectors by solving a mixed ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> -norm optimization problem; then, the active users are identified via a sorting of the norms of the estimated channel vectors. By exploiting the Toeplitz channel matrix structure resulting from CP-free preamble transmission, analytic performance guarantee in term of the block restricted isometry property of the preamble matrix is given. Computer simulations are used to illustrate the performance of the proposed method.
Synthesis, reactions, and crystal structures of carbonyl-free hydride-bridged mixed organotransition metal derivatives of bis(phosphine)-rhodium(<scp>III</scp>) or -iridium(<scp>III</scp>) cations with dihydridobis(η<sup>5</sup>-cyclopentadienyl)-molybdenum and tungsten (1982)

The Lewis bases [MH2(η5-C5H5)2](M = MO or W) displace acetone from the labile complex [RhH2(PPh3)2(OCMe2)2][PF6] to give [(PPh3)2Rh(µ-H)2M(η5-C5H5)2][PF6] which are readily cleaved by pyridine or HCl and undergo H/D exchange at the cyclopentadienyl rings under mild conditions. The tungsten product (3b) is monoclinic, space group P21/c, a= 12.511(1), b= 9.273(1), c= 36.036(6)Å, β= 98.98(1)°, and Z= 4.6 052 Observed reflections having l/σ(l) 3.0 were refined to R= 0.039. The metal atoms are linked by two bridging H atoms, and have Rh-W = 2.7206(7)Å. The tungsten atom has the normal W(η5-C5H5)2 geometry (dihedral angle 136°) and the rhodium atom has a square-planar co-ordination. Reaction of [MH2(η5-C5H5)2](M = MO or W) with [IrH2(PPh3)2(OCMe2)2][PF6] gives [(PPh3)2Hlr(µ-H)2(µ-σ:1–5-η5-C5H4)M(η-C5H5)][PF6]. Intermediate formation of [(PPh3)2H2Ir(µ-H)2M(η5-C5H5)2]+ is observed, and kinetic parameters have been determined for the C–H insertion reaction. Hydride bridge cleavage of the product (M = W) occurs reversibly with ligands such as pyridine and acetonitrile, but dppe [1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane] also displaces PPh3 to give [(PPh3)(dppe)Hlr(µ-H)(µ-σ:1–5-η-C5H4)WH(η5-C5H5)][PF6]. This is monoclinic, space group P21/n, a= 13.573(2), b= 19.979(3), c= 19.546(3)Å, β= 99.53(1)°, and Z= 4. 7 474. Observed reflections were refined to R= 0.035. The metal atoms each have one terminal H atom and are linked by one bridging H, with W-Ir = 3.0771(7)Å. The metallated cyclopentadienyl ring has Ir-C = 2.073(8)Å. The geometry about W is similar to that in complex (3b)(dihedral angle 142°) and that about Ir is very distorted octahedral.
Solubility of Natural Gas in Diesel Fuel (2016)

Abstract The solubility of commercially available natural gas in commercially available diesel fuel at room temperature and defined pressure is investigated experimentally. The gas phase is considered to be pure methane. The use of Henry's law to model the solubility is discussed. Solubility is given in terms of the mole fraction and the volumetric mass concentration of dissolved gas and the corresponding Henry's coefficients. The solubility is compared to that of pure methane in pure hexadecane, which is similar to diesel fuel with respect to the mean carbon number.
Identification of an osteopontin‐like protein in fish associated with mineral formation (2007)

Fish has been recently recognized as a suitable vertebrate model and represents a promising alternative to mammals for studying mechanisms of tissue mineralization and unravelling specific questions related to vertebrate bone formation. The recently developed Sparus aurata (gilthead seabream) osteoblast-like cell line VSa16 was used to construct a cDNA subtractive library aimed at the identification of genes associated with fish tissue mineralization. Suppression subtractive hybridization, combined with mirror orientation selection, identified 194 cDNA clones representing 20 different genes up-regulated during the mineralization of the VSa16 extracellular matrix. One of these genes accounted for 69% of the total number of clones obtained and was later identified as theS. aurata osteopontin-like gene. The 2138-bp full-length S. aurata osteopontin-like cDNA was shown to encode a 374 amino-acid protein containing domains and motifs characteristic of osteopontins, such as an integrin receptor-binding RGD motif, a negatively charged domain and numerous post-translational modifications (e.g. phosphorylations and glycosylations). The common origin of mammalian osteopontin and fish osteopontin-like proteins was indicated through an in silico analysis of available sequences showing similar gene and protein structures and was further demonstrated by their specific expression in mineralized tissues and cell cultures. Accordingly, and given its proven association with mineral formation and its characteristic protein domains, we propose that the fish osteopontin-like protein may play a role in hard tissue mineralization, in a manner similar to osteopontin in higher vertebrates.
Upregulation of exofacial peroxiredoxin-thioredoxin system of lymphocytes and monocytes in preeclampsia (2022)

We have revealed that the level of advanced oxidation protein products is increased and the exofacial peroxiredoxin-1 and thioredoxin-1 system in lymphocytes and monocytes is upregulated in preeclampsia. In addition, the ratio of peroxiredoxin-1 and thioredoxin-1 positive circulating lymphocytes and monocytes correlates inversely with the neonatal birth weight, which finding indicates that pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction are accompanied by a higher level of oxidative stress.
Wave propagation with long-range forces and mistuning effects (2021)

The present paper investigates the effects induced by long-range connections embedded within a classical D’Alembert waveguide, characterized by the number of connections and the distance between the linked sections of the structures. This new connectivity pattern induces unconventional effects, such as wave-stopping and negative group velocity, which can be adjusted by the features of the superstructure. Furthermore, a mistuning effect is met as consequence of the perturbation of the long-range connection distance. This perturbation may produce the amplification of the nonconventional propagation phenomena, even when the other physical and geometrical properties are unchanged.
Objective quantification and analysis of laryngeal obstruction using deep learning algorithms (2018)

<b>Background:</b> At present, there is no system available that permits objective assessment of vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) or exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO). The reproducibility of the currently available subjective methods is poor, impacting treatment outcome surveillance and clinical decision making. The aim of this work is to describe the development of a computerized analysis system that provides robust, objective means of characterizing endoscopic video of laryngeal movement (including during exercise). <b>Methods:</b> We developed a pipeline of convolutional neural networks and singular spectrum analysis to process laryngoscopic videos, i.e. to delineate and quantify the movement of laryngeal structures. The system was trained and validated with image frames acquired from ~100 patients using different endoscopic systems. <b>Results:</b> The method was able to robustly analyse video at a speed of at least 16 frames per second, running on a desktop computer with a high-end graphics processing unit. A promising clinical showcase of the analysis of an exercise laryngoscopy test, performed by an individual with EILO is shown in fig. 1. <b>Conclusion:</b> The proposed method guarantees a robust and fast processing of laryngoscopic video recordings and could potentially replace subjective and manual methods for analysis of laryngeal obstruction. Subsequent work will focus on validating the method for real-world clinical use.
ECONOMIC BURDEN OF SKIN MELANOMA (LITERATURE REVIEW) (2020)

Therapy of patients with cutaneous melanoma is a serious problem, since this disease is characterized by chemo and radioresistance. In addition, new effective drugs of targeted and immunotherapy are expensive. To be able to introduce new technologies, an assessment of the economic burden caused by the disease is necessary. The aim of the study was to systematize and summarize the data of modern literature on the costs of treatment for cutaneous melanoma. The review includes data from foreign and domestic articles found in the PubMed and elibrary.ru databases containing information on the economic burden of melanoma. The paper presents data on the cost of melanoma in different countries. The dependence of treatment costs on the methods of therapy used, the stage of the disease, the presence of adjuvant therapy, the number of metastatic sites, etc. is discussed. It has been shown that the costs of treating cutaneous melanoma are significant in all countries. The most expensive is the management of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma. Modern drugs of targeted and immunotherapy lead to significantly higher costs than chemotherapy drugs. Among the total costs, important components are the costs for adjuvant therapy and the managing of adverse events.
Supplementary Table S1 from Vandetanib Restores Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells' Sensitivity to Cisplatin and Radiation &lt;i&gt;In Vivo&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;In Vitro&lt;/i&gt; (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S1.&lt;/p&gt;
Impaired Mitochondrial ATP Production Downregulates Wnt Signaling via ER Stress Induction (2019)

Wnt signaling affects fundamental development pathways and, if aberrantly activated, promotes the development of cancers. Wnt signaling is modulated by different factors, but whether the mitochondrial energetic state affects Wnt signaling is unknown. Here, we show that sublethal concentrations of different compounds that decrease mitochondrial ATP production specifically downregulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling in vitro in colon cancer cells and in vivo in zebrafish reporter lines. Accordingly, fibroblasts from a GRACILE syndrome patient and a generated zebrafish model lead to reduced Wnt signaling. We identify a mitochondria-Wnt signaling axis whereby a decrease in mitochondrial ATP reduces calcium uptake into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress and to impaired Wnt signaling. In turn, the recovery of the ATP level or the inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress restores Wnt activity. These findings reveal a mechanism that links mitochondrial energetic metabolism to the control of the Wnt pathway that may be beneficial against several pathologies.
Silicotuberculosis and silicosis as occupational diseases: Report of two cases (2011)

In low-income countries, new cases of silicosis and associated lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and tuberculosis are likely to be seen for decades because necessary reduction of silica use will take time to be achieved.
A Simple and Interpretable Predictive Model for Healthcare (2021)

Deep Learning based models are currently dominating most state-of-the-art solutions for disease prediction. Existing works employ RNNs along with multiple levels of attention mechanisms to provide interpretability. These deep learning models, with trainable parameters running into millions, require huge amounts of compute and data to train & deploy and adversely impact real world usage. We address these challenges by developing a simpler yet interpretable tree based model. We model and showcase results on the task of predicting first occurrence of a diagnosis, often overlooked in existing works. We push the capabilities of a tree based model and come up with a strong baseline for more sophisticated models. Our work shows an improvement over deep learning based solutions all the while maintaining interpretability.
Myocardial Bradykinin Following Acute Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition, AT1 Receptor Blockade, or Combined Inhibition in Congestive Heart Failure (2001)

These findings suggest that ACEI, or combined ACEI/AT(1) block increased BK at the level of the myocyte and potentiated BK levels in the CHF myocardial interstitium.
A water-soluble metal–organic complex array as a multinuclear heterometallic peptide amphiphile that shows unconventional anion dependency in its self-assembly (2015)

Water-soluble metal-organic complex array 1, bearing Ru(II), Pt(II) and Rh(III) complexes at the side residues of the short peptide, exhibits anion and pH-responsive self-assembly behaviours in aqueous media. NaCl-induced aggregation of 1 at neutral pH was suppressed in phosphate buffered saline containing a mixture of Cl(-), HPO4(2-) and H2PO4(-), which is unconventional for a peptide amphiphile.
Transference (2019)

Transference is a hybrid computational system for improvised violin performance. With hardware sensors and digital signal processing (DSP), the system shapes live acoustic input and computer-generated sound. An electromyographic (EMG) sensor unobtrusively monitors movements of the left hand, while a custom glove controller tracks bowing gestures of the right arm. Through continuous musical gesture the performer is able to actuate and perturb streams of computationally transmuted audio. No additional layers of windowing or semantically-inflected processes of machine learning mediate this process. Remaining at the level of signal processing, the lack of windowed and/or statistical mediation creates a sense of fine-grain tactility and physical transduction for the performer. The strategies employed are sufficiently generalizable to apply to situations beyond those imagined and implemented here within the scope of augmented violin performance.
Shape Recovery Using Stochastic Heat Flow (2007)

We consider the problem of depth estimation from multiple images based on the defocus cue.For a Gaussian defocus blur, the observations can be shown to be the solution of a deterministic but inhomogeneous diffusion process.However, the diffusion process does not sufficiently address the case in which the Gaussian kernel is deformed.This deformation happens due to several factors like self-occlusion, possible aberrations and imperfections in the aperture.These issues can be solved by incorporating a stochastic perturbation into the heat diffusion process.The resultant flow is that of an inhomogeneous heat diffusion perturbed by a stochastic curvature driven motion.The depth in the scene is estimated from the coefficient of the stochastic heat equation without actually knowing the departure from the Gaussian assumption.Further, the proposed method also takes into account the non-convex nature of the diffusion process.The method provides a strong theoretical framework for handling the depth from defocus problem.
Unexpected role of selectin ligands in T cell trafficking to the lung (95.6) (2009)

Abstract Selectin mediated tethering represents one of the earliest steps in T cell extravasation into lymph nodes via HEVs. Fucosyltransferases (FucT) -IV and -VII are required for production of the sialyl Lewis X moiety, which is essential for selectin mediated T cell entry into LNs. We examined T cell trafficking to lymphoid and non-lymphoid compartments such as the lung using FucT -IV and -VII double knockout (FucT DKO) mice. Examination of uninfected FucT DKO mice revealed significantly increased numbers of T cells localized in lungs, with no evidence of induced bronchial associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT). Following LCMV viral infection, we noted similar numbers of antigen specific CD8 T cells, but reduced numbers of total activated CD8 T cells in the lungs compared to wildtype mice. Finally, we transferred bona fide naïve or memory CD8 T cells into recipient mice and show increased trafficking of T cells into lungs of uninfected FucT DKO mice. We conclude from these studies that while selectin mediated entry may play an important role in T cell trafficking to the inflamed lung, in the absence of selectin ligand expression, T cells preferentially migrate to and are retained in the lung under non-pathological conditions. In situations where normal trafficking of T cells to LNs are compromised, tissues such as the lung may become sites for T cell accumulation, and this may play a role in the initiation of T cell mediated lung diseases. This work was supported by NIH grants AI057719, GM62116 (CFG), and University of Tennessee start up funds
Improving the thermal conductivity of epoxy resins with mesogenic units for electronic packaging (2011)

The heat dissipation is very important for electronic packaging. We have improved the thermal conductivity of electronic packaging materials by modifying epoxy resin with tetraester diepoxide monomers (TEDE). TEDE was synthesized with p-hydroxybenzoic acid, allyl bromide and glycols, and characterized by 1H-NMR. TEDE modified epoxy resin (TMEP) was cured by 4, 4'-diaminodiphenyl-methane (DDM). Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis show that the decomposition temperature of TEDE is above 280 °C, and the decomposition temperature of TMEP is above 300 °C in nitrogen atmosphere. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscope (POM) were employed to illustrate that TEDE is liquid crystalline polymer form room temperature to 220 °C. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) illustrate that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of TMEP materials decrease with the content of TEDE increase. The thermal conductivity was measured by laser thermal conductivity testing equipment. The results show that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of 30%TEDE modified epoxy resin is above 130°C, and the thermal conductivity is 0.64w/(m·K).
To Study the Effect of Noninvasive Ventilation on Hemodynamics and Respiratory Parameters in Postoperative CABG Patients (2021)

BIPAP application helped in improving ventilatory parameters without any adverse impact on hemodynamics and other parameters. Its application was a safe method to prevent respiratory disturbances following cardiac surgery.
Ion temperature and plasma flows in improved confinement mode in the H-1 heliac (1997)

Low and improved confinement modes in the H-1 heliac [M. G. Shats et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 4190 (1996)] are studied experimentally in rf-sustained (&amp;lt;100 kW, 7 MHz) argon discharges at low magnetic fields (&amp;lt;0.15 T). Surprisingly high ion temperature, measured using a retarding field energy analyzer, is found which increases across the transition to improved confinement mode from 40 to 80 eV, while the electron density increases by about 50%. Both toroidal and poloidal plasma flow velocities do not change across the transition. The increase in a radial electric field in high mode is balanced on average by a corresponding increase in the ion pressure gradient.
Safety of hydrothermally treated kernels from edible Jatropha curcas L. (Chuta) as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283 (2022)

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on hydrothermally treated kernels from edible <i>Jatropha curcas</i> (Chuta) as a novel food (NF) pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. Although <i>Jatropha curcas</i> is generally considered a toxic plant due to the presence of phorbol esters (PEs), edible varieties exist in Central America. The applicant has developed a breeding programme for an edible cultivar and proposes the kernels from this cultivar as an NF as whole kernels or fragments thereof to be used as a snack or as a food ingredient. Procedures are in place to avoid commingling with non-edible kernels, with the last steps being the analytical control of PEs concentrations in all produced batches. The Panel considers that the production process of the NF is sufficiently described and that the information provided on the composition of the NF is sufficient for its characterisation. Components of the NF were tested for genotoxicity applying the standard <i>in vitro</i> test battery and no genotoxic concerns have been identified. In a conservative scenario for exposure to PEs from the NF, it was assumed that all kernels contain PEs at the level of detection of the analytical method. When comparing the estimated maximum exposure to PEs with a reference point from a subchronic study in pigs, a margin of exposure ≥ 900 is obtained, which is considered sufficiently large. The presence of anti-nutritional factors does not pose safety concerns as they are within the ranges found in vegetables. The Panel concludes that the NF is safe under the proposed conditions of use.
Prognostic Significance of <i>NPM1</i> Mutations in the Absence of <i>FLT3</i> –Internal Tandem Duplication in Older Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A SWOG and UK National Cancer Research Institute/Medical Research Council Report (2015)

NPM1-positive/FLT3-ITD-negative genotype remains a relatively favorable prognostic factor for patients with AML age 55 to 65 years but not in those age > 65 years.