gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Emission color tuning of laminated and mixed SiAlON phosphor films by electrophoretic deposition (2010)

The laminated or mixed films of SiAlON phosphors were prepared on ITO glasses by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Three types of SiAlON phosphors, Eu doped Ca-α-SiAlON, β-SiAlON and CaAlSiN3, which emit the lights of yellow (λ = 585 nm), green (540 nm) and red (620 nm), respectively, were used for the color tuning. The photoluminescence (PL) properties of the laminated or mixed films were characterized by blue-light (λ = 450 nm) irradiation through the ITO glass substrates. The effects of the lamination or mixture of the phosphors are characterized by the broadness of the PL spectra.
Adapting the automatic assessment of free-text answers to the students (2005)

In this paper, we present the first approach in the field of Computer Assisted Assessment (CAA) of students' free-text answers to model the student profiles. This approach has been implemented in a new version of Atenea, a system able to automatically assess students' short answers. The system has been improved so that it is now able to take into account the students' preferences and personal features to adapt not only the assessment process but also to personalize the appearance of the interface. In particular, it is now able to accept students’ answers written in Spanish or in English indistinctly, by means of Machine Translation. Moreover, we have observed that Atenea’s performance does not decrease drastically when combined with automatic translation, provided that the translation does not reduce greatly the variability in the vocabulary.
Non-sticky and antimicrobial zwitterionic nanocomposite dressings for infected chronic wounds (2017)

Zwitterionic poly(sulfobetaine acrylamide) (pSBAA)-based nanocomposite hydrogels impregnated with germicidal silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized and implemented for the treatment of infected chronic wounds. The zwitterionic hydrogels exhibited excellent non-sticky properties and had reinforced mechanical properties by the addition of hectorite nanoclay and poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate as physical and chemical crosslinkers, respectively. In addition, AgNPs were grown within the intercalated clay/polymer structure by in situ free radical reduction, as confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The silver-containing pSBAA nanocomposite hydrogels (pSBAA/Ag) exhibited germicidal properties against Gram-positive S. epidermidis and Gram-negative P. aeruginosa. The zwitterionic hydrogels show higher water content than 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (pHEMA) hydrogels, owing to the strong hydration via ionic solvation. The negligible cytotoxicity of pSBAA/Ag hydrogels was assessed with human fibroblasts by the MTT assay. Moreover, the zwitterionic hydrogels demonstrated excellent resistance to the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA). To evaluate the feasibility of the hydrogels for clinical application as wound dressings, we created infected diabetic rat models and compared with commercial wound dressings. The results show that pSBAA/Ag hydrogels did not adhere to the newly formed tissue, and were readily removed from the wounds after treatment for 3 days. Moreover, the healing recovery was evaluated by visual observation of infected dorsal wounds on rats with induction of diabetes by streptozotocin. The finding indicates complete healing with the pSBAA/Ag hydrogels after 15 days, faster than other dressings. A histological examination also proved that the zwitterionic hydrogels facilitated epithelialization and collagen distribution in the infected diabetic wounds. Consequently, these novel non-sticky and antimicrobial zwitterionic nanocomposite hydrogels can have high potential for the treatment of infected chronic wounds.
Globotriaosyl ceramide (Gb3) expression in human tumour cells: intracellular trafficking defines a new retrograde transport pathway from the cell surface to the nucleus, which correlates with sensitivity to verotoxin. (1998)

The verotoxin receptor globotriaosyl ceramide (Gb3) is overexpressed in an ovarian tumour resistant to chemotherapy. An overlay of frozen tumour sections shows extensive staining of the tumour cells with verotoxin B subunit. In addition, blood vessels within the tumour mass are stained. The sensitivity of ovarian tumour cells in vitro to verotoxin can be modulated by culturing the cells in sodium butyrate to obtain an approximately 5000-fold increase in susceptibility. This increased susceptibility is correlated with the intracellular targeting of verotoxin as monitored by using FITC-VT B subunit, in that prior to sodium butyrate treatment the toxin is internalized to a juxtanuclear (likely) Golgi location whereas, following butyrate treatment the intracellular toxin is distributed around the nucleus, consistent with endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope location. This perinuclear location is similar to that found for drug-resistant variants of ovarian tumour cell lines. These results suggest that intracellular targeting of verotoxin to the perinuclear area results in increased cytotoxicity. Potentially such targeting may also occur in other human tumours.
PD20-10 EFFECT OF ANTIMICROBIAL DIPPING SOLUTIONS ON POST-OPERATIVE INFECTION RATES IN DIABETIC PATIENTS UNDERGOING PRIMARY INSERTION OF A COLOPLAST TITAN INFLATABLE PENILE PROSTHESIS (2020)

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Penile prostheses (PP) that are dipped in antimicrobial solutions can be specially selected by the implanter and tailored towards the patient. The best choice for antimicrobial solution is widely debated and remains a surgeon’s preference. We conducted a multi-institutional study of diabetic patients undergoing primary Coloplast Titan PP implantation and compared post-operative outcomes based on the antimicrobial solutions used for dipping. METHODS: Between April 2003 and May 2018, data was collected from 18 different institutions, and charts of 473 patients with diabetes receiving primary PP implantation with Coloplast Titan devices were reviewed. Antibiotics and antifungals used for device impregnation were recorded for each patient. Primary outcome was post-operative infection rate and secondary outcomes were explantation and revision rates. Patients had a median follow-up time of 7 months (range: 0 – 157). Patients were included in the analysis only if they had complete information regarding peri-procedural antimicrobial dip use and the above mentioned outcomes. Univariate comparisons of proportions were completed for rates of infection, explantation, and revision between different antimicrobial regimens. RESULTS: Overall, 468 patients had complete information and were included. The total number of infections, explantations, and revisions were 15 (3.3%), 18 (4.0%), and 27 (6.0%), respectively. Vancomycin + Gentamicin dipping solution was used in 276 devices, 177 devices were dipped in Gentamicin + a different antibiotic solution, of which 143 were dipped in Rifampin + Gentamicin. When comparing the number of infections, those dipped with Vancomycin + Gentamicin had significantly lower infections (1.4%) than those with Gentamicin + a different antibiotic (5.6%, p = 0.014), and those with Rifampin + Gentamicin (5.6%, p=0.014). There was no significant difference in infections when comparing implants that were dipped in Rifampin (158) vs. no Rifampin (310), (p = 0.057). In our cohort, 190 patients had an antifungal used in their dipping solution (Amphotericin) and 278 did not. In the group that had antifungals, there were 5 (2.6%) recorded infections compared to 11 (4.0%) in the group of patients that did not receive any antifungals (p = 0.414). CONCLUSIONS: The use of a Vancomycin + Gentamicin antibiotic dip seems to provide the greatest protection against post-operative infections compared to other antibiotic dips in diabetic patients. The use of antifungal dips, however, does not seem to provide an increased protection against post-operative infections in diabetic patients. Source of Funding: None
Ramp Lesions of the Medial Meniscus in Patients Undergoing Primary and Revision ACL Reconstruction: Prevalence and Risk Factors (2019)

The overall prevalence of a ramp lesion in patients treated for ACL ruptures at our institution was 42%. The presence of bone marrow edema of the posteromedial tibia, a contact injury mechanism, or a lateral meniscal tear should alert surgeons to the potential presence of a medial meniscal ramp lesion.
Purification and sequencing of the active site tryptic peptide from penicillin-binding protein 5 from the dacA mutant strain of Escherichia coli (TMRL 1222). (1985)

The localization of the active site of penicillin-binding protein 5 from the dacA mutant of Escherichia coli strain TMRL 1222 has been determined. The protein was purified to homogeneity and labeled with [14C] penicillin G. The labeled protein was digested with trypsin, and the active site tryptic peptide was purified by a combination of gel filtration and high-pressure liquid chromatography. Sequencing of the purified [14C]penicilloyl peptide yielded the sequence Arg-Asp-Pro-Ala-Ser-Leu-Thr-Lys, which corresponds to residues 40-47 of the gene sequence (Broome-Smith, J., Edelman, A., and Spratt, B. G. (1983) in The Target of Penicillin (Hakenbeck, R., Holtje, J.-V., and Labischinski, H., eds) pp. 403-408, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin). The catalytic amino acid residue that forms a covalent bond with penicillin was identified by treating the purified [14C]penicilloyl peptide with a mixture of proteases and then separating the radioactive products using high-pressure liquid chromatography. Analysis of the radioactive peaks by amino acid analysis confirmed that it is the serine residue that reacts with the beta-lactam ring of penicillin.
Recent Advances and Applications of Machine Learning in Experimental Solid Mechanics: A Review (2023)

For many decades, experimental solid mechanics has played a crucial role in characterizing and understanding the mechanical properties of natural and novel materials. Recent advances in machine learning (ML) provide new opportunities for the field, including experimental design, data analysis, uncertainty quantification, and inverse problems. As the number of papers published in recent years in this emerging field is exploding, it is timely to conduct a comprehensive and up-to-date review of recent ML applications in experimental solid mechanics. Here, we first provide an overview of common ML algorithms and terminologies that are pertinent to this review, with emphasis placed on physics-informed and physics-based ML methods. Then, we provide thorough coverage of recent ML applications in traditional and emerging areas of experimental mechanics, including fracture mechanics, biomechanics, nano- and micro-mechanics, architected materials, and 2D material. Finally, we highlight some current challenges of applying ML to multi-modality and multi-fidelity experimental datasets and propose several future research directions. This review aims to provide valuable insights into the use of ML methods as well as a variety of examples for researchers in solid mechanics to integrate into their experiments.
Selective Modulation of IFN-γ mRNA Stability by IL-12/NKSF (1994)

We investigated the role of IL-12 in regulating IL-2 and IFN-gamma production in primary culture of human T cells. Addition of neutralizing antiserum against the 40-kDa subunit of IL-12 to PHA-stimulated PBMC markedly reduced both IFN-gamma protein production and mRNA accumulation and stability. Moreover, concurrent treatment of partially purified T cells (> 90% CD3+) with PHA and rIL-12 selectively enhanced IFN-gamma mRNA stability and protein production, while IL-2 protein and mRNA levels were unaffected. These studies also show that IFN-gamma and IL-2 mRNA stability are temporally dissociated during the course of T cell activation, and we propose that this dissociation may be mediated through the production of IL-12. The effect of IL-12 on modulation of IFN-gamma mRNA turnover is not associated with detectable changes in either the levels or affinity of cytoplasmic RNA-binding proteins capable of recognizing AU-rich sequences in the 3'UTR of IFN-gamma mRNA.
Ancient Aqueous Environments at Endeavour Crater, Mars (2014)

Opportunity has investigated in detail rocks on the rim of the Noachian age Endeavour crater, where orbital spectral reflectance signatures indicate the presence of Fe(+3)-rich smectites. The signatures are associated with fine-grained, layered rocks containing spherules of diagenetic or impact origin. The layered rocks are overlain by breccias, and both units are cut by calcium sulfate veins precipitated from fluids that circulated after the Endeavour impact. Compositional data for fractures in the layered rocks suggest formation of Al-rich smectites by aqueous leaching. Evidence is thus preserved for water-rock interactions before and after the impact, with aqueous environments of slightly acidic to circum-neutral pH that would have been more favorable for prebiotic chemistry and microorganisms than those recorded by younger sulfate-rich rocks at Meridiani Planum.
Thoracolumbar Fracture: Posterior Instrumentation Using Distraction and Ligamentotaxis Reduction (2007)

Dr. Whang is Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Dr. Vaccaro is Professor, Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University and The Rothman Institute, Philadelphia, PA. The video that accompanies this article is “Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures,” available on the Orthopaedic Knowledge Online Website, at http://www5.aaos.org/oko/jaaos/surgical.cfm None of the following authors or a member of their immediate families has received anything of value from or owns stock in a commercial company or institution related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article: Dr. Whang and Dr. Vaccaro. Reprint requests: Dr. Vaccaro, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Rothman Institute, 5th Floor, 925 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107.
Plasma and wound fluid levels of eight proangiogenic proteins are elevated after colorectal resection (2019)

Plasma protein levels were elevated for 3 weeks after surgery; wound fluid levels were much greater than corresponding blood levels. Healing wounds may be the source of the plasma increases.
Model- and Theory-Based Evaluation of Pt Dissolution for Supported Pt Nanoparticle Distributions under Potential Cycling (2011)

Pt dissolution is a leading cause of performance degradation in polymer electrolyte fuel cells, however, the mechanisms leading to accelerated Pt dissolution during potential cycling are unclear. In a new diagnostic application of our previously developed potentiostatic nanoparticle dissolution model, we outline here the use of the model as a method for determining the fundamental dissolution rate parameters that may control potential cycling induced electrochemically active surface area loss for supported Pt nanoparticles. We furthermore provide a pertinent foundation for the development of concerted experimental, theoretical, and modeling approaches for unraveling the mechanisms behind accelerated Pt dissolution.
Novel 2-(5-Imino-5<i>H</i>-isoquinolones[3,4-<i>b</i>]quinoxalin-7-ylmethyl)-benzonitrile (<b>DIQ3</b>) and Other Related Derivatives Targeting Colon Cancer Cells: Syntheses and in Vitro Models (2019)

Chemotherapy has been shown to be effective in reducing the progression and development of cancer in metastatic patients. However, drug selectivity is still a major issue for most chemotherapeutics. In this study, we synthesized four novel heterocyclic compounds having similarity in structure with quinone systems whereby nitrogen atoms replace the oxygen atoms. The anticancer activity of these compounds (<b>DIQ3-6</b>) was tested against HCT116 human colon cancer cells. We showed that all four heterocycles caused significant reduction in colon cancer cell viability at doses as low as 4 μM, a concentration that was not cytotoxic to normal human FHs74Int intestinal cell lines. Interestingly, these heterocycles inhibited colon sphere formation in 3D cultures at first generation (G<sub>1</sub>), mainly because of inhibition of proliferation as evidenced by Ki67 staining. Thus, <b>DIQ3</b> causes sufficient eradication of the self-renewal ability of the highly resistant cancer stem cells. This study represents the first documentation of the activity of these novel heterocyclic compounds, particularly compound <b>DIQ3</b>, and their potential therapeutic use in targeting colon cancer self-renewal capacity. Our findings provide the basis for proposing these nontoxic and stable compounds for additional testing against cancer.
A Novel Method to Determine Relative Permeability and Capillary Pressure from Corefloods Application to CO2 Storage (2022)

Abstract Introduction In order to account for dissolution of CO2 in water, the core must be initially saturated by carbonized water, which have been in equilibrium with CO2. To account for evaporation of water in CO2, the injected CO2 must be put in contact with water until thermodynamic equilibrium. To account for both, reservoir water with CO2 is put in the tank until the thermodynamic equilibrium is established. Objectives Steady-state coreflood test is a widely accepted industrial method to determine relative permeability (Kr), but the capillary pressure (Pc) must be known from other sources (porous plate, mercury injection, and centrifuge tests). Significant difference between the capillary pressure determined from corefloods and by other methods is widely presented in the literature. We developed a novel coreflood method for simultaneous determination of relative permeability (Kr) and capillary pressure (Pc) − steady-state-transient test (SSTT). The main idea is to use the stabilized data of the steady-state method along with the transient data of the pressure drop. Therefore in the SSTT, the transient data on the pressure drop across the core, between the steady-states, are used instead of the traditionally utilized Pc-curve. The aim of this work is the development of laboratory procedure and mathematical method of the lab data treatment for SSTT. Methods We run the following SSTT for two Berea cores: – Preliminary mathematical modelling of SSTT to determine optimal test parameters (flow rate, injected water fractions, sampling volumes and frequencies) and type curves for measured pressure drop and water-cut; – Performing water-oil injections with water cuts 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 0.9, 0.95, 0.98, and 1.00; – Approximation of the measured transient pressure-drop data by the type curves to regularise the inverse problem of Kr and Pc calculations; – Kr and Pc calculations by the inverse modelling. To approximate the scattered, raw transient pressure-drop data, we determine the type curves within the stabilization-time interval. The S-shape pressure-drop curves are observed for low water fractions in the injected fluid; the exponential form is observed at high water fraction values. Results and Conclusions After determination of Kr and Pc curves from the steady-state and transient pressure-drop data by the inverse solver, we compared the measured and modelled values of transient water-cut. High agreement was observed for two Berea corefloods: R2 varies from 0.88 to 0.99. Besides, the matched modelling lines for pressure-drop and saturation are located within the respective error bars in both tests. We also applied the SSTT method developed to treat the published steady-state data of 3 gas-water and 3 oil-water tests, where steady-state saturation profiles were determined by X-ray CT. The close match validates the SSTT. Novelty For the first time, a lab method for simultaneous determination of Kr and Pc from coreflood for gas-water and oil-water fluids has been developed and validated.
Uncertainty Reduction By Production Data Assimilation Combining Gradual Deformation With Adaptive Response Surface Methodology (2009)

Abstract We propose a workflow to reduce initial uncertainty of the reservoir model by incorporating production data. Advanced statistical methods such as sensitivity analysis, Gaussian process response surfaces, sequential experimental design and gradual deformation are combined to produce a very cost effective approach to production data assimilation. In previous works, response surface and experimental design methods have been proven quite effective for uncertainty propagation workflows; however they were only able to deal with continuous and discrete parameters. By using the gradual deformation method we are able to include stochastic parameters such as permeability and porosity, thus avoiding previous limitations. The advantages of using advanced non-parametric response surface methods are highlighted both in obtaining accurate global sensitivity indices and also to apply a full probabilistic inversion approach. Note that both methods generally require several thousands of model runs and are therefore unpractical without using response surface methods. Statistical diagnostics are used to validate the response surface models and adaptive sequential design strategies are proposed to improve their accuracy. The workflow is applied to production data assimilation of a Brazilian oil field. In a first phase the production history mismatch is analyzed to understand the general behavior of the model as well as to select the uncertain parameters mostly responsible for this mismatch. To perform this phase experimental design and sensitivity analysis techniques are used. In a second phase another objective function is built using only data that seem to be possibly matched using the current model and set of parameters. The new objective function is used in a probabilistic inversion loop to obtain posterior distribution of parameters and to reduce the forecasting uncertainty. The results of the study can then be directly used to obtain reliable probabilistic forecasts. Moreover, posterior distributions of parameters can be utilized to reduce uncertainty ranges in a subsequent study with the updated geological model.
A neural parser as a direct classifier for head-final languages (2018)

This paper demonstrates a neural parser implementation suitable for consistently head-final languages such as Japanese. Unlike the transition-and graph-based algorithms in most state-of-the-art parsers, our parser directly selects the head word of a dependent from a limited number of candidates. This method drastically simplifies the model so that we can easily interpret the output of the neural model. Moreover, by exploiting grammatical knowledge to restrict possible modification types, we can control the output of the parser to reduce specific errors without adding annotated corpora. The neural parser performed well both on conventional Japanese corpora and the Japanese version of Universal Dependency corpus, and the advantages of distributed representations were observed in the comparison with the non-neural conventional model.
ChemInform Abstract: Substituted 2,3‐Dihydroisoxazoles (δ4‐Isoxazolines) via Palladium‐Mediated Cyclization of Propargylic N‐Hydroxyureas. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.