gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Room temperature synthesis of non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) using highly reactive N-substituted 8-membered cyclic carbonates (2016)

Non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) were prepared <italic>via</italic> polyaddition of highly reactive 8-membered ‘bis-cyclic’ carbonates and various diamines under catalyst-free and room temperature conditions.
Management and Quality Assurance in the Biochemical Genetics Laboratory (2008)

High-quality biochemical genetics testing is critical for proper diagnosis and management of patients with inborn errors of metabolism. An accurate diagnosis is a prerequisite for proper treatment, ongoing management, and ultimately, for optimal clinical outcome. Quality testing in the biochemical genetics laboratory is managed via adherence to federal regulations that govern clinical laboratory testing. However, because these were not specifically written for biochemical genetics laboratories, a number of professional organizations have developed practice guidelines to address gaps in the federal code. This unit reviews these regulations and guidelines as they apply to quality management of the biochemical genetics laboratory, including test validation, personnel standards, proficiency testing, and overall quality management (including quality assurance, quality control, and quality improvement). It also provides examples of protocols and forms that can be adapted for the documentation of test validation, personnel training, quality control, and quality assurance.
Terahertz Pioneer: Sir John B. Pendry “Theoretical Physics for a Practical World” (2013)

leaves one with the impression of being in the presence of a person of quiet determination, with the resolve to take on challenges that would place most scientists well out of their comfort zone. Although a theoretical physicist by degree, his early training, and whatever free time he had in his youth, were spent on a wide variety of experimental endeavors. These included electronics, chemistry, wireless, and solid-fuel rockets, which he was able to launch, cows and sheep notwithstanding, from the farms surrounding his family home in Manchester, U.K. His parents ran a Sweet Shop (one can only imagine the delight this must have been to a young lad growing up in the deprivations of WWII England), with a cellar in which he could do his experiments. John's uncle was an engineer by training and taught in a local school. He often brought John to the school lab, unquestionably influencing his early leanings towards science.
An IRP-like protein from Plasmodium falciparum binds to a mammalian iron-responsive element (2001)

This study cloned and sequenced the complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding of a putative malarial iron responsive element-binding protein (PfIRPa) and confirmed its identity to the previously identified iron-regulatory protein (IRP)-like cDNA from Plasmodium falciparum. Sequence alignment showed that the plasmodial sequence has 47% identity with human IRP1. Hemoglobin-free lysates obtained from erythrocyte-stage P falciparum contain a protein that binds a consensus mammalian iron-responsive element (IRE), indicating that a protein(s) with iron-regulatory activity was present in the lysates. IRE-binding activity was found to be iron regulated in the electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Western blot analysis showed a 2-fold increase in the level of PfIRPa in the desferrioxamine-treated cultures versus control or iron-supplemented cells. Malarial IRP was detected by anti-PfIRPa antibody in the IRE-protein complex from P falciparum lysates. Immunofluorescence studies confirmed the presence of PfIRPa in the infected red blood cells. These findings demonstrate that erythrocyte P falciparum contains an iron-regulated IRP that binds a mammalian consensus IRE sequence, raising the possibility that the malaria parasite expresses transcripts that contain IREs and are iron-dependently regulated.
Increased Resistance of Contact Lens-Related Bacterial Biofilms to Antimicrobial Activity of Soft Contact Lens Care Solutions (2009)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. marcescens, and S. aureus form biofilms on lotrafilcon A contact lenses, which in contrast to planktonic cells are resistant to the antimicrobial activity of several soft contact lens care products.
Intracardiac Shunts (2012)

In the normal circulation, deoxygenated blood comes into the right heart and passes through the pulmonary circulation to become oxygenated. Then oxygenated blood goes through the left heart to the systemic circulation. An abnormal communication between two heart chambers resulting in an intracardiac (IC) shunt may take place from systemic to pulmonary circulation (left to right) or from pulmonary to systemic circulation (right to left) or may be bidirectional.
Methanesulfonyl Chloride (2001)

[124-63-0] CH3ClO2S (MW 114.56) (synthesis of methanesulfonates;1 generation of sulfene) Alternate Name: mesyl chloride. Physical Data: bp 60 °C/21 mmHg; d 1.480 g cm−3. Solubility: insol water; sol alcohol, ether. Form Supplied in: liquid of 98% or 99+% purity. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: highly toxic; corrosive; lachrymator; moisture sensitive; store in a cool dry place.
Effects of microbial processes on electrolytic and interfacial electrical properties of unconsolidated sediments (2004)

The effect of microbial processes on electrical properties of unconsolidated sediments was investigated in a laboratory experiment consisting of biotic and abiotic sand columns. The biotic column (nutrient, diesel and bacteria) showed (a) temporal increase in the real, imaginary, and surface conductivity, and (b) temporal decrease in the formation factor. The abiotic columns (nutrient; and nutrient and diesel) showed no significant changes. Increase in microbial population numbers, decrease in organic carbon source, nitrate, and sulfate and increase in dissolved inorganic carbon and fluid conductivity were indicative of microbial activity in the biotic column. We also measure relative increase in the interfacial electrical properties that exceed relative increase in the electrolytic conductivity. Thus changes in the real and imaginary conductivity were induced by microbial processes. These results suggest that interpretation of geoelectrical data from near surface environments should consider effects of microbial processes.
512-Gb/s DP-16-QAM Field Trial over 734 km Installed SSMF with Co-Propagating 10 Gb/s NRZ Neighbors Incorporating Soft-FEC Decoding (2012)

We report on a 512-Gb/s dual-carrier DP-16-QAM long haul field trial over 734 km of dispersion compensated SSMF with 10-Gb/s neighbors. Soft FEC decoding was utilized in the receiver DSP confirming successful transmission.
Image statistics and surface perception (2008)

Images have characteristic statistics that can be characterized in terms of the responses of wavelet or Gabor-like filters. There has been a great deal of interest in the fact that images have sparse (kurtotic) statistics in the wavelet domain, with implications for efficient image encoding in biological and artificial systems. If we set aside the issue of efficiency, we are still left with the problem of seeing. We have been studying the ways in which filter statistics can reveal useful information about surfaces, including albedo, shading, and gloss. We find that odd order statistics such as skewness are quite useful in extracting information about reflectance and gloss, and we also find evidence that humans make use of this information. It is straightforward to compute skewness with physiological mechanisms.
Prospective Study of Gastroesophageal Reflux, Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and H2-Receptor Antagonists, and Risk of Hearing Loss (2016)

GERD symptoms are associated with higher risk of hearing loss in women, but use of PPIs and H2-RAs are not independently associated with the risk.
Hyperuniformity variation with quasicrystal local isomorphism class (2017)

Hyperuniformity is the suppression of long-wavelength density fluctuations, relative to typical structurally disordered systems. In this paper, we examine how the degree of hyperuniformity [[Formula: see text]] in quasicrystals depends on the local isomorphism class. By studying the continuum of pentagonal quasicrystal tilings obtained by direct projection from a five-dimensional hypercubic lattice, we find that [Formula: see text] is dominantly determined by the local distribution of vertex environments (e.g. as measured by Voronoi cells) but also exhibits a non-negligible dependence on the restorability. We show that the highest degree of hyperuniformity [smallest [Formula: see text]] corresponds to the Penrose local isomorphism class. The difference in the degree of hyperuniformity is expected to affect physical characteristics, such as transport properties.
Life at the End of the Chromosome: Telomeres and Telomerase (2000)

Telomerase, the enzyme that replicates the ends of linear chromosomes, is implicated in cellular aging and in cancer. The molecular components that form the catalytic core of this ribonucleoprotein enzyme (a section of the active site with bound substrates is depicted) have recently been identified in multiple organisms, including humans. The stage is now set for chemists to develop telomerase inhibitors, which hold promise as cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
The Adsorption and Growth of Copper on As-Terminated GaAs(001): Physical Vapour versus Electrochemical Deposition (2007)

The adsorption of copper deposited from an effusion cell in ultra high vacuum and electrodeposited from aqueous solution on As-terminated GaAs(001) is investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray diffraction, as well as X-ray standing waves in combination with X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The analysis of the adsorbate is performed in situ with the samples either in ultra high vacuum or in aqueous electrolyte under potential control. Deposited as Cu ions from sulphuric acid solution, submonolayer coverages of Cu diffuse into the GaAs interface region assumimg predominantly Ga substitutional positions. Different positions with lower symmetry are occupied by Cu if submonolayer are deposited at room temperature in ultra high vacuum. At higher coverage, epitaxial Cu clusters grow by electrodeposition on the As-terminated GaAs(001), but with the Cu lattice of the islands rotated and inclined with respect to the GaAs substrate lattice, leading in total to eight equivalent domains. At comparable coverage, no epitaxial growth was observed for Cu deposited in ultra high vacuum.
Acetylation-dependent ADP-ribosylation by Trypanosoma brucei Sir2 (2007)

Sirtuins are a highly conserved family of proteins implicated in diverse cellular processes such as gene silencing, aging, and metabolic regulation. Although many sirtuins catalyze a well characterized protein/histone deacetylation reaction, there are a number of reports that suggest protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. Here we explored the mechanisms of ADP-ribosylation using the Trypanosoma brucei Sir2 homologue TbSIR2rp1 as a model for sirtuins that reportedly display both activities. Steady-state kinetic analysis revealed a highly active histone deacetylase (k cat = 0.1 s(-1), with Km values of 42 microm and for NAD+ and 65 microm for acetylated substrate). A series of biochemical assays revealed that TbSIR2rp1 ADP-ribosylation of protein/histone requires an acetylated substrate. The data are consistent with two distinct ADP-ribosylation pathways that involve an acetylated substrate, NAD+ and TbSIR2rp1 as follows: 1) a noncatalytic reaction between the deacetylation product O-acetyl-ADP-ribose (or its hydrolysis product ADP-ribose) and histones, and 2) a more efficient mechanism involving interception of an ADP-ribose-acetylpeptide-enzyme intermediate by a side-chain nucleophile from bound histone. However, the sum of both ADP-ribosylation reactions was approximately 5 orders of magnitude slower than histone deacetylation under identical conditions. The biological implications of these results are discussed.
Embryonic development and egg viability of wMel-infected Aedes aegypti (2019)

Our data revealed that the wMel strain of Wolbachia slightly delays embryogenesis and also affects egg quality, both through reduced viability and desiccation resistance. These findings suggest that, although embryonic fitness is somehow compromised by wMel infection, an efficient host reproductive manipulation through cytoplasmic incompatibility seems sufficient to overcome these effects in nature and promote bacterial invasion, as shown by successful ongoing field implementation.
Abstract TP240: Novel Lipid Mediators C-36:6 And C-38:6 Administered Intranasally Are Neuroprotective In Experimental Ischemic Stroke (2022)

Objective: Ischemic stroke induces multiple pathophysiological processes involving oxidative stress, loss of homeostasis, excitotoxicity, disruption of the blood-brain barrier and neurovascular unit, contributing to neuronal death. In the early phases following the onset of ischemic damage, neuroinflammation contributes to tissue damage and enlargement of the infarct area. Elovanoids (ELVs) are a class of pro-homeostatic lipid mediators that are derivatives of very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs). VLC-PUFAs are synthesized by ELOVL4 an enzyme primarily expressed in neurons. ELVs have been shown to reduce infarct volume and promote cell survival when administered IV following 2h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). This study aimed to test the neuroprotective efficacy of these VLC-PUFA ELV precursors when administered intranasally (IN) in a model of experimental ischemic stroke. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats received 2h of the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Treatment with C-36:6, C-38:6 (1μg/μl, 20 μg) or vehicle (saline + ethanol) was administered at 1, 24, and 48h after onset MCAo. Behavior was evaluated using a composite neurological battery; a grading scale of 0-12 was employed (normal score=0, maximal deficit=12). Behavior testing was performed on days 1, 2, 3, and 7, followed by ex vivo MRI for lesion volumes and edema (T2WI) and immunohistochemistry on day 7. Results: Following drug administration, no behavioral side effects were observed. Neurologic function was improved on days 1, 3, and 7 by 24%, 37%, and 28% in animals receiving C-36:6 and by 26%, 26%, and 29% in the group receiving C-38:6. Total, core, and penumbra lesion volumes, computed using T2WI, were reduced with C-36:6 by 60%, 68%, and 53%, and C-38:6 by 35%, 43% 25% vs vehicle. Total, cortical and subcortical infarct areas and volumes were reduced by treatments with C-36:6 (by 42% 48% and 34%) and C-38:6 (by 28% 31% and 20%) vs vehicle. Conclusion: IN delivered ELV precursors demonstrated neuroprotective efficacy improving behavior and reducing infarct volume compared to vehicle. We are exploring neuroprotective molecular mechanisms exerted by intranasally delivered VLC-PUFAs as an experimental therapeutic approach.
Interstitial Pneumonia in Psoriasis (2018)

Interstitial pneumonia was detected in 2% of patients with psoriasis who needed systemic treatments. Ground-glass and/or irregular linear (reticular) opacity in the bilateral lower lobes was characteristic of IP with psoriasis. The IL-23/IL-17 axis may play important roles in the pathogenesis of IP in psoriasis.
MalK, the ATP-binding cassette component of the Escherichia coli maltodextrin transporter, inhibits the transcriptional activator MalT by antagonizing inducer binding. Vol. 279 (2004) 33123-33130 (2004)

Page 33124, lines 7 and 8 under “Experimental Procedures”: The name and sequence of the upstream primer used to amplify the malK gene, rather than KU001 (5′-GCGGCGCCATGGGGACCCACGATCAGGTCGA-3′, should be: KU006 (5′-CGCCGCGCCATGGGGATGGCGAGCGTACAGCTGC-3′).
Chronic encephalitis (rasmussen's syndrome) and ipsilateral uveitis (1992)

Abstract Two children are reported with acute uveitis during the early progressive phase of chronic encephalitis (Rasmussen's syndrome). In both children, the side of the uveitis was ipsilateral to the side of cerebral inflammation, although in 1 child there were milder inflammatory changes in the contralateral eye. This association adds weight to the viral hypothesis of chronic encephalitis and raises the possibility of primary ocular infection and neurotropic spread to the brain.
Dynamic Automated Market Makers for Decentralized Cryptocurrency Exchange (2021)

Decentralized cryptocurrency exchange protocols such as Uniswap, Curve and other types of Automated Market Makers (AMMs) maintain a liquidity pool (LP) of two or more assets constrained to maintain at all times a mathematical relation to each other, defined by a given function or curve. We propose a dynamic AMM approach where input from a market price oracle is used to modify the mathematical relationship between the assets so that the pool price continuously and automatically adjusts to be identical to the market price. This approach eliminates arbitrage opportunities.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa antibiogram profiles are poor indicators of genetic relatedness (2019)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant nosocomial pathogen responsible for severe and life threatening infections particularly in immunocompromised patients. This organism is ubiquitous in healthcare environments particularly water systems which act as a reservoir of infection. Recognition of a potential outbreak and having the ability to quickly identify and mitigate sources of exposure is critical for effective infection control. Historically analysis of P. aeruginosa antibiogram profiles represents a convenient and frequently used ‘first line’ indicator of strain relatedness. Reported here is a comparison of P. aeruginosa antibiogram profiles with those obtained using rapid Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) for patient and environmental isolates in in three separate local nosocomial outbreaks. The results demonstrate that antibiogram profiles from P. aeruginosa should not be employed as presumptive indicators of relatedness, doing so can falsely re-assure clinicians. Use of rapid molecular typing method VNTR allows genotypically identical strains to be unambiguously identified within 48 h.
A model for electrically activated mammalian muscle capturing N-let behaviours (2002)

A mathematical model for electrically activated mammalian muscle is outlined. The presented model is developed by considering the underlying biophysics of the muscle contraction mechanism. This model accounts for the nonlinear effects seen in the use of high frequency stimulation patterns, specifically doublets and N-lets. Such stimulation patterns are used to improve fatigue resistance, and maximise the force-time integral per pulse of electrically stimulated muscles. A mechanism for N-let effects based upon known biophysical phenomena is implemented. Experimental and simulation results are presented and compared. This model may be useful in the design of control strategies for muscles using N-lets.
Heme oxygenase modulates selectin expression in different regional vascular beds (2000)

Heme oxygenase (HO) catalyzes the degradation of heme to biliverdin, iron, and CO. The inducible isoform (HO-1) has been implicated as a modulator of the inflammatory response. HO-1 activity can be induced by hemin and inhibited with zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP). Using these reagents, we assessed the possibility that HO-1 modulates the inflammatory response by altering the expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules. Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS)-induced expression of P- and E-selectin expression was quantified in different vascular beds of the rat using the dual radiolabeled monoclonal antibody technique. Pretreatment with hemin attenuated, whereas ZnPP treatment exacerbated, the increased selectin expression normally elicited by LPS. Biliverdin, at an equimolar dosage, was as effective as hemin in attenuating LPS-induced selectin expression in the lung, kidneys, liver, and intestines. These findings indicate that the anti-inflammatory properties of HO-1 may be related to an inhibitory action of P- and E-selectin expression in the vasculature. Biliverdin (or its metabolite, bilirubin), rather than CO, may account for this action of HO-1 on endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression.
2D Dielectrophoresis using an active matrix array made by thin‐film‐transistor technology (2019)

New types of devices made using thin‐film‐transistor (TFT) technology were used in this article for dielectrophoresis purpose with microbeads, yeast cells, and HepG2 cells. That technology allows obtaining centimeter size transparent substrates covered with a large and dense array of 100 µm microelectrodes individually controllable. The purpose of these devices is the development of platforms for various applications on cells and cells culture, like manipulation, sensing, monitoring, or stimulation on the same device. Dielectrophoresis is one of the applications and is a key target for precise patterning and 2D displacement of cells on the device. In this article, 2D results of dielectrophoresis with microbeads and yeast cells and device programming are described. Then, application to mammal HepG2 liver cells shows the possibility of cells patterning with such devices. © 2019 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
&lt;title&gt;Review of plasma technology: past and future&lt;/title&gt; (1997)

Plasma display panels (PDPs) have become a major focus in the world's quest for the direct view, hang-on-the-wall panoramic flat panel display (FPD) monitor. There are more than a dozen large international companies scrambling to be in the picture with a reported world-wide investment to date of around 1 billion dollars over the last few years. In addition, world-wide investments are expected to be several billion dollars over the next five years. PDPs in the past have always held out the promise for large area, high definition applications except the high production costs for high definition video/graphics displays made them impractical for widespread use in industrial, professional, medical and consumer applications.In the present, full color PDPs are becoming affordable for consumer consideration, and the potential for low cost to meet the mass consumer product market is undeniable. Those joining the PDP quest recognize that this potential will be realized within the next five years, and are investing now to be in the big picture. All kinds of specialized and niche market applications which have used, or are now planning to insert PDPs, will directly benefit from the infrastructure and economies of scale that are coming about as a result of he commercial PDP development.
A revision of the alcoholysis and alkanethiolysis of 3‐amino‐6‐chloropyridazine (2001)

Abstract The synthesis of 3‐amino‐6‐alkoxy‐ and 3‐amino‐6‐alkylthiopyridazines via nucleophilic aromatic substitution on 3‐amino‐6‐chloropyridazine is described. In contrast to literature reports, no pressure tube is required to perform these reactions.
Polo-like kinase inhibitors: an emerging opportunity for cancer therapeutics (2009)

The current literature about Plk1 inhibitors and knockout studies favor Plk1 inhibition as a potential antitumor therapy.