gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Angiogenic Factors in Preeclampsia and Related Disorders (2012)

During fetal development, the human placenta undergoes high levels of both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Additionally, the developing placenta undergoes a process of vascular mimicry (referred to as pseudovasculogenesis) as cytotrophoblasts convert from an epithelial to an endothelial phenotype. The initiation, maturation, and maintenance of the placental vasculature are of critical importance. Failure to do so can lead to adverse obstetric outcomes such as preeclampsia and/or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Furthermore, the foundation of many aspects of adult health is laid in utero. In this context, normal placental function is not only critical for normal fetal development but can also permanently influence long-term health and disease. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate placental vasculogenesis and angiogenesis is therefore of critical importance. This chapter will focus on placental vascular development with a particular emphasis on the role of angiogenic factors in the pathogenesis of the maternal syndrome of preeclampsia and related disorders.
Optimizing Software Rejuvenation Policies under Interval Reliability Criteria (2012)

Software aging often affects the performance of software systems and eventually causes them to fail. A complementary approach to handle transient software failures due to the software aging is called software rejuvenation, and can be regarded as a preventive and proactive solution that is particularly useful for counteracting the phenomenon of software aging. In this paper, we consider the optimal software rejuvenation policies maximizing the interval reliability by using the Markov regenerative processes. We derive analytically the optimal software rejuvenation timing which maximizes the limitting interval reliability or the interval reliability with exponentially distributed operation time. Further, we examine numerically the transient behavior of the interval reliability at an arbitrary operation time. Our results under the interval reliability criteria are extentions of some earlier works, since the interval reliability involves the point wise system availability and the common reliability function as special cases.
Decomposition of 1-nitroso-1-alkyl-3-(2-hydroxyalkyl)ureas (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleDecomposition of 1-nitroso-1-alkyl-3-(2-hydroxyalkyl)ureasJoseph E. SaavedraCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 26, 6373–6374Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00313a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00313a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Proton NMR studies of the cobalt(II)-metallothionein system (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProton NMR studies of the cobalt(II)-metallothionein systemIvano Bertini, Claudio Luchinat, Luigi Messori, and Milan VasakCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 19, 7296–7300Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00201a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00201a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views251Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Performance Evaluation of Guided Scrambling Coded PRML System in Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (2003)

The distortion due to low frequency cutoff degrades the performance of partial response maximum likelihood (PRML) system in a perpendicular magnetic recording. This paper presents an application of guided scrambling (GS) code to PRML system as an effective strategy for avoiding the distortion. The bit error rate performances of PR2ML systems for two types of GS codes, Galois field (GF) additive type and convolutional operation type, are obtained. The results indicate that GS coded PR2ML systems can achieve gains of about 6.3dB for GF additive type code and 4.4dB for convolutional operation type code over conventional Reed-Solomon coded PR2ML system at a normalized linear density of 1.5, a power ratio of jitter-like media noise to total noise of 80% and a low-cutoff frequency normalized by bit rate of 0.002.
Targeting of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity promotes elimination of chronic myeloid leukemia stem cells (2020)

Therapeutic strategies that target leukemic stem cells (LSCs) provide potential advantages in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Here, we show that selective blockade of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) enhances the susceptibility of CML-LSCs to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), which facilitates the eradication of CML-LSCs and leads to sustained remission of the disease. We demonstrated for the first time that TGF-β-PAI-1 axis was selectively augmented in CML-LSCs in the bone marrow (BM), whereby protecting CML-LSCs from TKI treatment. Furthermore, the combined administration of TKI plus a PAI-1 inhibitor, in a mouse model of CML, significantly enhanced the eradication of CML cells in the BM and prolonged the survival of CML mice. The combined therapy of imatinib and a PAI-1 inhibitor prevented the recurrence of CML-like disease in serially transplanted recipients, indicating the elimination of CML-LSCs. Interestingly, PAI-1 inhibitor treatment augmented membrane-type matrix metalloprotease-1 (MT1-MMP)-dependent motility of CML-LSCs, and the anti-CML effect of PAI-1 inhibitor was extinguished by the neutralizing antibody for MT1-MMP, underlining the mechanistic importance of MT1-MMP. Our findings provide evidence of, and a rationale for, a novel therapeutic tactic, based on the blockade of PAI-1 activity, for CML patients.
Convergence theory for multi-input discrete-time iterative learning control with Coulomb friction, continuous outputs, and input bounds (2003)

We consider the problem of discrete-time iterative learning control (ILC) for position trajectory tracking of multiple-input, multiple-output systems with Coulomb friction, bounds on the inputs, and equal static and sliding coefficients of friction. Only position measurements are assumed available. No velocity measurements are assumed available. We present an ILC controller and a proof of convergence to zero tracking error, provided the associated learning gain matrices are scalar-scaled with a sufficiently small positive scalar. We also show that non-diagonal learning gain matrices satisfying the same prescribed conditions do not lead to the same convergence property. To the best of our knowledge, for problems with Coulomb friction, this paper represents a first convergence theory for the discrete-time ILC problem with multiple-inputs and multiple-bounded-outputs; previous work presented the theory only for the single-input, single-output problem.
Optical properties of closely packed nanoparticle films: spheroids and nanoshells (2003)

We have developed an effective medium theory for the optical properties of nanoparticle films by considering the exact local fields of spheroidal nanoparticles on a substrate. The model allows the calculation of reflectivity, transmission and absorption of nanoparticle films for a wide range of filling factors, nanoparticle aspect ratios and substrate dielectric characteristics. It is suitable for many applications as it can treat films of homogeneous or binary core-shell nanoparticles.
Thermodynamic Characterization of Hydration Sites from Integral Equation-Derived Free Energy Densities: Application to Protein Binding Sites and Ligand Series (2017)

Water molecules play an essential role for mediating interactions between ligands and protein binding sites. Displacement of specific water molecules can favorably modulate the free energy of binding of protein-ligand complexes. Here, the nature of water interactions in protein binding sites is investigated by 3D RISM (three-dimensional reference interaction site model) integral equation theory to understand and exploit local thermodynamic features of water molecules by ranking their possible displacement in structure-based design. Unlike molecular dynamics-based approaches, 3D RISM theory allows for fast and noise-free calculations using the same detailed level of solute-solvent interaction description. Here we correlate molecular water entities instead of mere site density maxima with local contributions to the solvation free energy using novel algorithms. Distinct water molecules and hydration sites are investigated in multiple protein-ligand X-ray structures, namely streptavidin, factor Xa, and factor VIIa, based on 3D RISM-derived free energy density fields. Our approach allows the semiquantitative assessment of whether a given structural water molecule can potentially be targeted for replacement in structure-based design. Finally, PLS-based regression models from free energy density fields used within a 3D-QSAR approach (CARMa - comparative analysis of 3D RISM Maps) are shown to be able to extract relevant information for the interpretation of structure-activity relationship (SAR) trends, as demonstrated for a series of serine protease inhibitors.
&lt;title&gt;CONGRESS: connection-oriented group address resolution services&lt;/title&gt; (1997)

This paper presents CONGRESS: a connection-oriented group- address resolution service, and its applications. CONGRESS is an efficient native ATM protocol for resolution and management of multicast group addresses in an ATM WAN. It complements the native ATM multicast mechanisms. CONGRESS resolves multicast group addresses and maintains their membership for applications. It is not designed to handle the applications' data-exchange. Applications can use the resolved addresses returned by CONGRESS, in order to implement a many-to-many communication model. CONGRESS employs hierarchically organized servers in order to be scalable. CONGRESS' hierarchy is naturally mapped onto the ATM private network to network interface peer group hierarchy. CONGRESS communication overhead for management of a single multicast group is linear in the size of the group. Apart from facilitating native ATM multicast applications, CONGRESS can be used for the implementation of an IP multicast 'cut-through' routing over ATM. The cut-through routing paradigm is conceived as one of the most promising techniques for enabling the traditional IP- based communication with QoS. Unfortunately, due to a variety of reasons, the building of scalable IP multicast cut-through protocols is non-trivial. We claim that a multicast address resolution and maintenance service like CONGRESS, can greatly contribute to the development of scalable IP cut-through routing services. A conceptual cut-through routing solution, IP multicast service for non-broadcast access networking technology (IP-SENATE), built on top of CONGRESS and scalable to a large ATM cloud is sketched.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzyne Addition to N‐Alkyl‐4‐hydroxyl‐1‐methylisoquinolinium Salts; a New and Convenient Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐5‐Methyl‐10,11‐dihydro‐5H‐ dibenzo(a,d)cyclohepten‐5,10‐imine (MK801). (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Variation in UDP glucouronyltransferase (<i>UGT</i>) genes associated with prostate cancer mortality. (2011)

44 Background: We investigated the association of germline genetic variation in hormone biosynthesis and metabolism genes with prostate cancer specific mortality in a cohort of advanced prostate cancer patients. Methods: We successfully genotyped 852 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 97 genes in a cohort of 267 advanced prostate cancer patients at the time of progression to castration recurrence (CRPC) during on-going androgen ablation. Tagging SNPs with minor allele frequency (MAF) of &gt;5% and r 2 ≥0.8 were selected from HapMap, NIEHS and Seattle SNP databases. Medical records were queried for cause of death. The primary endpoint of time to prostate cancer specific mortality (PCSM), was pre-defined as time from development of CRPC to death from prostate cancer progression. Principle components analysis was used for gene-levels tests, and to account for multiple testing, we calculated the false discovery rate (FDR). For SNP level results, hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using cox regression. Results: The median age of the cohort was 72 years at CRPC. 43% had a Gleason score (GS)=8-10, 33% a GS=7, and 24% a GS&lt;7. After a median follow-up of 1.8 years (IQ range: 0.8–3.3 years), 139 patients died, of which 107 were due to prostate cancer progression. In unadjusted gene level analyses, UGT1A7 (p=0.0059; FDR=0.19), UGT1A10 (p=0.0017; FDR=0.17) and UGT1A3 (p=0.0037; FDR=0.18) were associated with PCSM. After adjusting for age and GS, SNPs strongly associated with PCSM are listed in the Table . Conclusions: Variation in UGT genes involved in hormone metabolism yield prognostic information in CRPC. Further validation is needed to develop these as prognostic biomarkers. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Why are Depressive Symptoms More Prevalent Among The Less Educated? The Relevance of Low Cultural Capital and Cultural Entitlement (2017)

Analyzing nationally representative survey data collected in the United States in 2014 (n = 1,932), we formulate and test a novel explanation for the educational gradient in depressive symptoms. We theorize that status as cultural capital drives this gradient in addition to well-established economic and social factors, via the feelings of cultural entitlement it inspires. Therefore, we use structural equation modeling to decompose the education effect. We demonstrate that in addition to economic (job security and income) and social factors (embeddedness in the neighborhood), cultural capital indeed accounts for the educational gradient in depressive symptoms via cultural entitlement. We conclude that for understanding social gradients in mental health it is vital to be sensitive for the cultural mechanisms that status as cultural capital can inspire. Based on our findings we propose suggestions for further research.
Evidence for involvement of more than one class of glycoprotein in cell interactions with fibronectin (1986)

The receptor mechanism by which cells attach to fibronectin has been investigated by a combined immunologic and electrophoretic approach. One particular antiserum directed against 3T3 cell plasma membranes was found to contain antibodies that blocked spreading of these murine cells on fibronectin but not on laminin or serum spreading factor (vitronectin). Proteolysis experiments confirmed that this cell line has calcium-protected polypeptides necessary for cell spreading on fibronectin. Consequently, protein antigens were fractionated according to size by SDS gel electrophoresis, and antigens that could block the inhibitory activity of the polyclonal antibody were identified. One class of blocking antigen appeared to correspond to the 140,000-dalton complexes favored by several laboratories as fibronectin receptor candidates, but a second class of 45,000 daltons was also apparent. This 45,000-dalton antigen was a major absorbing activity from 3T3 cell membranes and the predominant activity from L929 membranes. By isoelectric focusing and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, it was found to exist as a set of isoelectric point variants with pK = 5.3 to 6.2. Our results indicate that current models postulating a simple, unimolecular receptor mechanism for fibronectin may be oversimplified and that fibronectin may instead interact with more than one protein receptor component on the fibroblast cell surface.
Binary nonlinear joint transform correlation with median and subset median thresholding (1991)

We investigate the performance of the binary joint transform correlator (JTC) for three types of thresholding used to binarize the joint power spectrum. The first thresholding method uses the median of the joint power spectrum of the reference image, which is independent of the effect of input scene noise. The second thresholding method uses the median of the joint power spectrum of the input scene and the reference image. The third method is the subset median thresholding. The subset median is computed for each segment of the joint power spectrum and is used to threshold the same segment. The threshold computed by the second or third method is dependent on the effect of the input scene noise. The correlation performance of the binary JTC is determined for each thresholding method and is compared with the linear (conventional) JTC. Computer simulation is used to determine the correlation peak intensity, peak-to-sidelobe ratio, and correlation width for various thresholding techniques. The results indicate that the thresholding of the joint power spectrum using the methods that take into account the input scene noise produces a reasonably good correlation performance.
Should wheat, barley, rye, and/or gluten be avoided in a 6-food elimination diet? (2020)

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), a food antigen-mediated disease, is effectively treated with the dietary elimination of six foods commonly associated with food allergies (milk, wheat, egg, soy, tree nuts/peanuts and fish/shellfish). Because wheat shares homologous proteins (including gluten) with barley and rye and may also be processed with these grains, some clinicians have suggested barley and rye may also trigger EoE as a result of cross-reaction and/or cross-contamination with wheat. In this opinion paper, we discuss the theoretical risks of cross-reactivity and cross-contamination among wheat, barley, and rye proteins (including gluten), assess common practices at EoE treatment centers, and provide recommendations for dietary treatment and future studies of EoE.
Magnesium, hypertensive vascular diseases, atherogenesis, subcellular compartmentation of Ca2+ and Mg2+ and vascular contractility. (1993)

Abnormal dietary deficiency in Mg as well as abnormalities in Mg metabolism appear to play important roles as risk factors for ischemic heart disease and acute myocardial infarction, namely in hypertensive vascular disease, diabetic vascular disease, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and vasospasm. Experimental, epidemiological as well as clinical evidence that supports a role for Mg in these risk factors are reviewed. Extracellular Mg ions ([Mg2+]o) exert important actions upon divalent cation metabolism, transport and intracellular release of [Ca2+]i and intracellular free Mg ([Mg2+]i) in both vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Digital imaging microscopy, using molecular fluorescent probes, clearly indicates that both intracellular free Ca2+ and intracellular free Mg2+ are compartmented in both vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. [Mg2+]o appears to exert important effects on the precise subcellular location and concentration of both [Ca2+]i and [Mg2+]i. Use of specific ion-selective electrodes for [Mg2+]o has revealed that [Mg2+]o can change more rapidly than heretofore believed in cardiovascular pathophysiologic states. The latter new findings therefore suggest that the ionized level of [Mg2+]o is an important determinant of vascular tone, contractility and reactivity.
Infantile epileptic encephalopathy with late‐onset spasms: Report of 19 patients (2010)

Epileptic spasms may appear after the age of one. They are more frequently observed in patients with epileptic encephalopathy. In few patients this type of seizure was observed before the patients fulfill Lennox-Gastaut syndrome criteria. In one patient, we diagnosed a focal epilepsy with seizures occurring in cluster. When LOS are related to an epileptic encephalopathy, this epileptic syndrome seems to be linked to refractory epilepsy and severe cognitive outcome unrelated to the etiology.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of Phospha‐ and Polyphosphacyclopentadienide Anions (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Application of electrical methods to measure microbial activity in soils: Preliminary microcosm results (1997)

The application of the geophysical technique known as self-potential to the measurement of microbial activity was tested on laboratory microcosms containing ferric iron and iron-reducing bacteria Shewanella alga BrY. Measurements of the electrical response of silver-coated copper electrodes distributed along a Teflon probe inserted into sterile and inoculated layers containing either ferric chloride, ferric citrate, or ferric oxide rich soil were recorded over hours or days. Strong electrical signals reached values more negative than {minus}400 mV for all types of inoculated ferric iron layers. Electric signals in sterile control layers, by contrast, rarely reached values more negative than {minus}150 mV. These preliminary experiments indicate that it may be possible to apply the self-potential geophysical method to monitor bioremediation in the field.