gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low molecular weight silicones particularly facilitate human serum albumin denaturation B Biointerfaces (2015)

There is a market trend towards the administration of therapeutic proteins using sterilized, pre-filled glass syringes lubricated with silicone oil. It has been widely reported that initially clear solutions of proteins can become turbid during transport and storage, with unclear outcomes with respect to bioefficacy. While the basic processes of interactions of proteins with hydrophobic entities, leading to denaturation and aggregation, are increasingly well understood, the apparently random occurrence of such processes in syringes is not. To better understand the parameters that may be responsible for this change, we report the systematic examination of a series of factors that can affect the behavior of the protein human serum albumin (HSA) when in contact with silicone oil in water. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that greater mixing times and greater concentrations of silicones (polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)), especially lower molecular weight hydrophobic silicones like octamethyltetracyclosiloxane (D4), were associated with increased protein denaturation. The turbidity of HSA solutions, due to the formation both of silicone oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions and protein aggregates, was also facilitated by the presence of D4. A series of mixtures of silicone oils, all of which exhibited a viscosity of 1000 cSt but which were comprised of different silicone constituents, clearly showed a correlation between the presence of lower molecular silicones and enhanced solution turbidity. While the addition of a non-ionic silicone-polyether surfactant led to greater turbidity by increasing the number of stabilized oil droplets, it was not accompanied by protein denaturation. These results are consistent with HSA denaturation and subsequent aggregation as a consequence of contact particularly with low molecular weight, hydrophobic silicones that are more mobile, leading to more efficient protein/silicone contact.
The Creolophins: A Family of Linear Triquinanes from <i>Creolophus cirrhatus</i> (Basidiomycete) (2007)

Abstract Complicatic acid and five novel linear triquinanes were isolated from mycelial cultures of Creolophus cirrhatus . The creolophins A, C, D, and E represent a novel type of highly oxidized triquinane sesquiterpenoids. Whereas those compounds with a secondary alcohol moiety in ring A are stable, the exomethylene ketone creolophin E ( 5 ) partly dimerized during workup to form the decacyclic 1,4‐dioxepin‐6‐one neocreolophin ( 6 ). Compounds 5 and 6 display cytotoxic activities against several tumor cell lines.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Data Considerations in Graph Representation Learning for Supply Chain Networks (2021)

Supply chain network data is a valuable asset for businesses wishing to understand their ethical profile, security of supply, and efficiency. Possession of a dataset alone however is not a sufficient enabler of actionable decisions due to incomplete information. In this paper, we present a graph representation learning approach to uncover hidden dependency links that focal companies may not be aware of. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first to represent a supply chain as a heterogeneous knowledge graph with learnable embeddings. We demonstrate that our representation facilitates state-of-the-art performance on link prediction of a global automotive supply chain network using a relational graph convolutional network. It is anticipated that our method will be directly applicable to businesses wishing to sever links with nefarious entities and mitigate risk of supply failure. More abstractly, it is anticipated that our method will be useful to inform representation learning of supply chain networks for downstream tasks beyond link prediction.
Thermal Control of the Magnon-Photon Coupling in a Notch Filter coupled to a Yttrium-Iron-Garnet/Platinum System (2017)

We report thermal control of mode hybridization between the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and a planar resonator (notch filter) working at 4.74 GHz. The chosen magnetic material is a ferrimagnetic insulator (Yttrium Iron Garnet: YIG) covered by 6 nm of platinum (Pt). A current induced heating method has been used in order to enhance the temperature of the YIG/Pt system. The device permits us to control the transmission spectra and the magnon-photon coupling strength at room temperature. These experimental findings reveal potentially applicable tunable microwave filtering function.
Immunodetection of lipopolysaccharide in macrophages during the processing of non invasive <i>Shigella dysenteriae</i> (1990)

The location of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was studied by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy in macrophages infected with a non-invasive Shigella dysenteriae 1 strain. Bacterial degradation began only 3 h after the end of infection. The first visible sign of degradation was detected by immunogold labelling at the level of LPS which detached from the bacterial surface and was transferred to the perinuclear lysosomes. After a few hours, it was found in small vesicles spread over the whole macrophage cytoplasm in which it remained visible for 72 h. These vesicles seemed to belong to a compartment in which slowly or non-degradable compounds are stored. LPS separation from the bacterial surface was immediately followed by the degradation of the intrabacterial constituents. The long lag period observed before initiation of bacterial degradation was not due to a lack of phagosome acidification, since DAMP, a lysosomotropic drug was found in all phagosomes at the end of the ingestion period. The frequency of phagosome-lysosome fusion was 30% for S dysenteriae and 72% for B subtilis used as a reference of high fusion frequency. The low frequency of fusion of S dysenteriae may play an important role in the survival of the virulent strains in macrophage by providing bacteria enough time to lyse the phagosome membrane before lysosome fusion occurs.
Different Approaches to Influenza Vaccination (2006)

In this issue of the Journal, two important and timely studies address basic questions related to the use and performance of influenza vaccines.1,2 The findings are also informative because both studies were conducted in the 2004–2005 influenza season when the influenza A (H3N2) components in both the inactivated and the live attenuated influenza vaccines were not optimally matched to the circulating strains. In one of the studies, King et al. investigated whether the vaccination of children 5 years of age or older with a live attenuated influenza vaccine reduced the spread of influenza to households and the community through . . .
Aryl—Aryl Coupling via Directed Lithiation and Oxidation. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
MR differential diagnosis of normal-pressure hydrocephalus and Alzheimer disease: significance of perihippocampal fissures. (1998)

The degree of dilatation of PHFs appears to be a sensitive and specific marker for differentiating AD from NPH by both subjective and objective means, with a very small overlap between the two groups. This observation may have relevance in day-to-day practice.
Impacto de las TICs en la estructura y arquitectura de los centros (2013)

Considering a brief review regarding the evolution of the space
from a pedagogical and technical point of view, as well as a review
on the actual theorical situation concerning technology, we
reflect about the impact that the architectural features do on the
organization, comfort and information and comunication technologies
in an educational center, as well as the convenience to
establish routes to share knowledge between teachers and those
responsible on the design of educational buildings, because the
spaces and their versality influence, among others, on the organization
possibilities, and the organization correlates on the methodology,
teaching - learning styles and satisfaction level of users.
2 Systemkonzeption einer dynamischen Medienkonditionierung (2022)

Die vorliegende Arbeit wendet sich an Ingenieure und Wissenschaftler im Bereich der Mess- und Prüfstandstechnik von Kraftfahrzeugen. Sie befasst sich mit der Emulation von Fahrzeugkühlern zur Abbildung der thermischen Zustände des realen Fahrbetriebs am Prüfstand. Die zwei behandelten Themenschwerpunkte sind die Konzeption eines dynamischen Medienkonditioniersystems und die Entwicklung eines instationären echtzeitfähigen Kühlermodells für dessen Ansteuerung. Das zuerst vorgestellte Konzept zur Medienkonditionierung erlaubt es durch einen direkten Wärmeaustausch und eine modellbasierte Regelung transiente Temperaturverläufe, wie sie im realen Fahrbetrieb auftreten, am Prüfstand darzustellen. Mit der im zweiten Schwerpunkt behandelten sequenziellen wegbasierten Modellbildung als neuen physikalisch basierten Berechnungsansatz ist es erstmals möglich alle für das dynamische Wärmeübertragerverhalten wesentlichen Effekte in Echtzeit abzubilden.
Phase correction of skull aberration with 1.75-D and 2-D arrays using speckle targets (2006)

Wavefront distortion induced by the skull severely impacts transcranial ultrasound. In particular, the skull reduces the ability to monitor flow in the cerebral vasculature. We present B-scan and color flow images, aberratred with polymer casts of skull bone, that have been improved with near-field phase correction techniques. These algorithms rely on speckle targets for estimation of the phase profile. Real-time adaptive imaging experiements in tissue-mimicking phantoms with 4 mm spherical voids were performed using multi-lag cross-correlation and multi-lag speckle brightness phase correction algorithms. The real-time adaptive imaging was con- structed on a Siemens Antares TM scanner and used a custom 3.5 MHz, 1.75-D transducer (8×96 elements). Phase correction with the 1.75-D array was performed in a matter of a few seconds. The contrast-to-speckle (CSR) of the spherical voids improved from 1.16 ± 0.39 in the aberrated images to 1.52 ± 0.37 in the phase corrected images. Using a 2.5 MHz, 2-D array on a real time 3-D scanner similar experiments with spherical voids were performed. The CSR of the lesions on the 3-D scanner improved from 0.9 in the aberrated images to 1.6 in the phase corrected images. In addition, phase correction was shown to improve the estimation of 3-D color flow when the transducer was focused on a speckle target through the skull cast. I. INTRODUCTION Over the last decade, with the availability of color flow and power Doppler combined with safe, effective intravenous ultrasound contrast agents, a renaissance has occurred in the evaluation of cerebrovascular disease using transcranial ultrasound in spite of the image degrading properties of the skull. The standardized examination procedure for transcranial ultrasound uses a 2 MHz phased array applied to the acoustic windows of the skull combined with contrast agents and color flow Doppler and/or power Doppler. Extensive recent reviews have described the role of ultrasound in the evaluation of stroke and other pathologies of the intracranial vascular system (1, 2) as well as the brain parenchyma (3). Furthermore, there is continuing progress in the measurement of cerebral perfusion with new ultrasound contrast agents and harmonic imaging techniques (4). In 2004, we showed the feasibility of real-time 3-D tran- scranial ultrasound imaging (5). However, imaging the brain with ultrasound is a difficult process because the skull has a significantly higher speed of sound (approximately 3000 m/s) than soft tissues (nominally 1540 m/s). At such a large discrepancy in sound speed, the phase and amplitude of the ultrasound wave become severely distorted, resulting in significant degradation in beam focusing and image quality.
Electronic Transport between Graphene Layers Covalently Connected by Carbon Nanotubes (2010)

We present a first-principles study of the electronic transport properties of metallic and semiconducting carbon nanotube (CNT) junctions connecting two graphene layers, for different CNT lengths and link structures. Transport is analyzed in terms of the scattering states originated from the π and π* states of the finite-length CNTs, which couple to the graphene states producing resonances in the transmission curves. We find that, for metallic CNTs, the conductance is nearly independent of the tube length, but changes strongly with the link structure, while the opposite occurs for semiconducting CNTs, where the conductance in the tunneling regime is mainly controlled by the tube length and independent of the link structure. The sizable band offset between graphene and the CNTs yields to considerable effects on the transport properties, which cannot be captured using simple empirical models and highlights the need for a first-principles description.
Nonadiabatic Dynamics Simulation of the Wavelength-Dependent Photochemistry of Azobenzene Excited to the nπ* and ππ* Excited States (2020)

Azobenzene is one of the most ubiquitous photoswitches in photochemistry and a prototypical model for photoisomerizing systems. Despite this, its wavelength-dependent photochemistry has puzzled researchers for decades. Upon excitation to the higher energy ππ* excited state instead of the dipole-forbidden nπ* state, the quantum yield of isomerization from <i>trans</i>- to <i>cis</i>-azobenzene is halved. The difficulties associated with unambiguously resolving this effect both experimentally and theoretically have contributed to lasting controversies regarding the photochemistry of azobenzene. Here, we systematically characterize the dynamic photoreaction pathways of azobenzene by performing first-principles simulations of the nonadiabatic dynamics following excitation to both the ππ* and the nπ* states. We demonstrate that ground-state recovery is mediated by two distinct S<sub>1</sub> decay pathways: a reactive twisting pathway and an unreactive planar pathway. Increased preference for the unreactive pathway upon ππ* excitation largely accounts for the wavelength-dependent behavior observed in azobenzene.
Robot Navigation in Unknown Environments Using Priority Based Objective Scheduling (2018)

Robot navigation at its core is used to achieve some objective, and accurate traversal cost estimation is crucial to path planning in unknown environments. Dynamically predicting traversal cost can be computationally expensive, and the imposed limitations require that an efficient solution is realized. This research, a continuation of research conducted in 2017, proposes a way to navigate unknown environments while taking into consideration objective priority when path planning. By treating the objective prioritization as a priority task scheduling problem in terms of objective throughput, a solution can be derived.
Addressing challenges of training a new generation of clinician‐innovators through an interdisciplinary medical technology design program: Bench‐to‐Bedside (2015)

Graduate medical education has traditionally focused on training future physicians to be outstanding clinicians with basic and clinical science research skills. This focus has resulted in substantial knowledge gains, but a modest return on investment based on direct improvements in clinical care. In today's shifting healthcare landscape, a number of important challenges must be overcome to not only improve the delivery of healthcare, but to prepare future physicians to think outside the box, focus on and create healthcare innovations, and navigate the complex legal, business and regulatory hurdles of bringing innovation to the bedside. We created an interdisciplinary and experiential medical technology design competition to address these challenges and train medical students interested in moving new and innovative clinical solutions to the forefront of medicine. Medical students were partnered with business, law, design and engineering students to form interdisciplinary teams focused on developing solutions to unmet clinical needs. Over the course of six months teams were provided access to clinical and industry mentors, $500 prototyping funds, development facilities, and non-mandatory didactic lectures in ideation, design, intellectual property, FDA regulatory requirements, prototyping, market analysis, business plan development and capital acquisition. After four years of implementation, the program has supported 396 participants, seen the development of 91 novel medical devices, and launched the formation of 24 new companies. From our perspective, medical education programs that develop innovation training programs and shift incentives from purely traditional basic and clinical science research to also include high-risk innovation will see increased student engagement in improving healthcare delivery and an increase in the quality and quantity of innovative solutions to medical problems being brought to market.
TGF‐beta in ocular angiogenesis (2014)

Abstract Abnormal angiogenesis is associated with many blinding eye diseases. Targeting VEGF, a master regulator of blood vessel formation, has shown improved outcomes in ocular vascular disorders. However, many patients do not respond or respond poorly to anti‐VEGF therapy, which is not surprising as angiogenesis is regulated by a delicate balance of diverse molecular signals. Combination therapeutics targeting alternative or complementary pathways may circumvent resistance and enhance efficacy of anti‐VEGF treatment. TGFβ1, a multifunctional cytokine, plays an important but contradictory role during angiogenesis. We recently identified a novel regulator of TGFβ signaling pathway, namely leucine rich α‐2‐glycoprotein‐1 (LRG1). LRG1 defines the context‐dependent effect of TGFβ1 and promotes blood vessel formation by driving the pro‐angiogenic TGFβ1/Smad1/5/8 pathway. Unlike VEGF, LRG1 is specifically required for abnormal blood vessel formation in the eye. LRG1 antibody blockade attenuates the ocular angiogenesis either on its own or in combination with an anti‐VEGF neutralizing antibody. Together, our study provided compelling evidence that LRG1 is an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in ocular vascular complications.
EUV photo resist shrink characterization using low landing energy SEM (Conference Presentation) (2020)

This study explores SEM induced shrink on EUV resist at different SEM scanning conditions from traditional to low landing energies. Measurement results of different targets, constant space of 28 nm and different pitches, across FEM wafer demonstrate both charging and resist shrink impact on measurement sensitivity and uncertainty. AFM measurements, SEM vs fresh locations are performed to quantify 3D morphology changes of the EUV pattern.
Tunable and coherent THz source using ZnGeP/sub 2/ (2003)

Coherent THz and millimeter waves continuously tunable in the range of 83.1-1642 /spl mu/m (3.61-0.18 THz) are efficiently generated by using ZnGeP/sub 2/ through collinear phase-matched difference-frequency generation. The maximum peak output power can reach 134 W.
The murine complement receptor gene family. IV. Alternative splicing of Cr2 gene transcripts predicts two distinct gene products that share homologous domains with both human CR2 and CR1. (1990)

The murine Cr2 gene encodes at least two related proteins. The first of these is predicted to include 1408 amino acids from a transcript including 4224 coding nucleotides. This protein is predicted to contain 21 60-amino acid repeats plus those residues encoding transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions for a total peptide m.w. of 155,307. The first six of these repeats are similar to human CR1 in sequence and organization. The second protein is encoded by an alternatively spliced Cr2 transcript that is lacking those sequences which encode the first six 60-amino acid repeats of the larger protein. This second, smaller protein, encoded by a transcript of 3096 coding nucleotides, is predicted to include 15 60-amino acid repeats, plus the transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions. This smaller protein contains 1032 amino acids for a peptide m.w. of 113,328. This second protein is extremely homologous in size and sequence to human CR2. Both proteins share the same signal sequence for membrane insertion. DNA sequence analysis, RNA protection studies and genomic phage mapping indicate the transcripts which encode these proteins are derived from the Cr2 gene via alternative splicing.
Positive antibody response to vaccination in adolescence predicts lower C‐reactive protein concentration in young adulthood in the philippines (2010)

This study provides evidence for a prospective, within-individual link between more effective antibody-mediated immune defenses and lower levels of inflammation. In the context of prior research in this population, these results suggest that early environments are important determinants of multiple aspects of an individual's immuno-phenotype.
An Atlas of Soybean Small RNAs Identifies Phased siRNAs from Hundreds of Coding Genes (2014)

Small RNAs are ubiquitous, versatile repressors and include (1) microRNAs (miRNAs), processed from mRNA forming stem-loops; and (2) small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), the latter derived in plants by a process typically requiring an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. We constructed and analyzed an expression atlas of soybean (Glycine max) small RNAs, identifying over 500 loci generating 21-nucleotide phased siRNAs (phasiRNAs; from PHAS loci), of which 483 overlapped annotated protein-coding genes. Via the integration of miRNAs with parallel analysis of RNA end (PARE) data, 20 miRNA triggers of 127 PHAS loci were detected. The primary class of PHAS loci (208 or 41% of the total) corresponded to NB-LRR genes; some of these small RNAs preferentially accumulate in nodules. Among the PHAS loci, novel representatives of TAS3 and noncanonical phasing patterns were also observed. A noncoding PHAS locus, triggered by miR4392, accumulated preferentially in anthers; the phasiRNAs are predicted to target transposable elements, with their peak abundance during soybean reproductive development. Thus, phasiRNAs show tremendous diversity in dicots. We identified novel miRNAs and assessed the veracity of soybean miRNAs registered in miRBase, substantially improving the soybean miRNA annotation, facilitating an improvement of miRBase annotations and identifying at high stringency novel miRNAs and their targets.
Bodo saltans SSU-GFP-Neo cassette v1 (2018)

This plasmid is designed to integrate within the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene region of B. saltans. It carries 1 kb of the B. saltans small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. To construct this cassette, we first sequenced the complete ribosomal operon of B. saltans, which has a total length of ̴9 kb. The structure of the ribosomal operon of B. saltans is similar in the closely related kinetoplastida Leishmania, where the ribosomal RNA genes are arranged in head- to-tail repeats (Figure 4b and Yan et al.,Molecular and biochemical parasitology103, no. 2 (1999): 197-210). For the cassette construction, we used only a 1 kb region of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene, which is represented in the schematic as Homologous Recombination Region 1 (HR1) and Homologous Recombination Region 2 (HR2) each, of which is 500 bp . The GFP and Neo genes are located in the middle of the construct and their expression is controlled by the presence of the B. saltans tubulin intergenic region (Bs TUB IGR) at the 3’ and 5’ ends of each gene. As the transcription in B. saltans is polycistronic, the presence of the tubulin intergenic region is necessary for trans-splicing and polyadenylation.