gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recombinant human PRG4 (rhPRG4) suppresses breast cancer cell invasion by inhibiting TGFβ-Hyaluronan-CD44 signalling pathway (2019)

Metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. The ability of cancer cells to become invasive and migratory contribute significantly to metastatic growth, which necessitates the identification of novel anti-migratory and anti-invasive therapeutic approaches. Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4), a mucin-like glycoprotein, contributes to joint synovial homeostasis through its friction-reducing and anti-adhesive properties. Adhesion to surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) components is critical for cancer cells to invade the ECM and eventually become metastatic, raising the question whether PRG4 has an anti-invasive effect on cancer cells. Here, we report that a full-length recombinant human PRG4 (rhPRG4) suppresses the ability of the secreted protein transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) to induce phenotypic disruption of three-dimensional human breast cancer cell-derived organoids by reducing ligand-induced cell invasion. In mechanistic studies, we find that rhPRG4 suppresses TGFβ-induced invasiveness of cancer cells by inhibiting the downstream hyaluronan (HA)-cell surface cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) signalling axis. Furthermore, we find that rhPRG4 represses TGFβ-dependent increase in the protein abundance of CD44 and of the enzyme HAS2, which is involved in HA biosynthesis. It is widely accepted that TGFβ has both tumor suppressing and tumor promoting roles in cancer. The novel finding that rhPRG4 opposes HAS2 and CD44 induction by TGFβ has implications for downregulating the tumor promoting roles, while maintaining the tumor suppressive aspects of TGFβ actions. Finally, these findings point to rhPRG4's potential clinical utility as a therapeutic treatment for invasive and metastatic breast cancer.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Switch-of-function mutants based on morphology classification of Ras superfamily small GTPases. (2003)

Signaling proteins from the same family can have markedly different roles in a given cellular context. Here, we show that expression of one hundred constitutively active human small GTPases induced cell morphologies that fell into nine distinct classes. We developed an algorithm for pairs of classes that predicted amino acid positions that can be exchanged to create mutants with switched functionality. The algorithm was validated by creating switch-of-function mutants for Rac1, CDC42, H-Ras, RalA, Rap2B, and R-Ras3. Contrary to expectations, the relevant residues were mostly outside known interaction surfaces and were structurally far apart from each other. Our study shows that specificity in protein families can be explored by combining genome-wide experimental functional classification with the creation of switch-of-function mutants. PMID: 12732140
Communicating Directionality in Flying Robots (2015)

Small flying robots represent a rapidly emerging family of robotic technologies with aerial capabilities that enable unique forms of assistance in a variety of collaborative tasks. Such tasks will necessitate interaction with humans in close proximity, requiring that designers consider human perceptions regarding robots flying and acting within human environments. We explore the design space regarding explicit robot communication of flight intentions to nearby viewers. We apply design constraints to robot flight behaviors, using biological and airplane flight as inspiration, and develop a set of signaling mechanisms for visually communicating directionality while operating under such constraints. We implement our designs on two commercial flyers, requiring little modification to the base platforms, and evaluate each signaling mechanism, as well as a no-signaling baseline, in a user study in which participants were asked to predict robot intent. We found that three of our designs significantly improved viewer response time and accuracy over the baseline and that the form of the signal offered tradeoffs in precision, generalizability, and perceived robot usability.
Abstract 3588: The spindle assembly checkpoint gene Bub1b is essential for the survival of some breast cancers (2016)

Abstract As normal breast epithelium evolves towards malignancy, cells accumulate genomic changes that give them a replicative advantage while at the same time increasing their genomic instability. Increased genomic instability results in accumulation of genomic aberrations that compromise the genomic integrity and, therefore, threaten cell viability, thus putting cancer cells under mitotic stress. As a consequence, cancer cells evolutionarily must adapt themselves to compete with the possible detrimental effects of genomic instability. Finding a balance between the instability that gives them a replicative advantage and the instability that could lead them to mitotic catastrophe is crucial. The mitotic stress caused by genomic instability may require overexpression of certain spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) genes, which can prevent mitotic catastrophe that would occur if cancer cells undergo mitosis prematurely. Although the full mechanism of action of SAC is yet to be elucidated, Bub1b through its protein BubR1 is an important part of this checkpoint, and inhibits the onset of anaphase until all chromosomes are aligned correctly at the metaphase plate. Our analysis of clinical datasets shows a significant increase in the expression of Bub1b in breast cancer as compared to normal epithelia. Furthermore, Bub1b overexpression correlates with decreased overall survival in patient samples. Our analyses also show a pattern of increasing Bub1b overexpression in more aggressive variants of breast cancer such as triple negative tumors and high-grade tumors, which also tend to be more resistant to current therapies. Expression analyses of breast cancer cell lines reveal that Bub1b overexpression is positively correlated with more aggressive behavior. We postulated that the requirement for Bub1b expression might be a vulnerability of rapidly proliferating cancers; therefore, its inhibition will result in cell death through mitotic catastrophe. Using RNA interference with siRNAs, we reduced Bub1b levels in a variety of breast cancer cells. Our results showed significant decrease in cell viability and clonogenicity in soft agar upon Bub1b knockdown, especially in triple negative breast cancer cell lines. However, the viability of normal breast epithelium cells, MCF12A, was not affected. Our data indicate that Bub1b is a critical player in breast cancer viability, and further investigation of the role of Bub1b in promoting successful proliferation of breast cancer cells with genomic instability could provide a new therapeutic strategy particularly in concert with standard genotoxic treatments such as alkylators, spindle poisons and radiation therapy. Citation Format: Dilara Koyuncu, Erik T. Goka, Philip C. Miller, Marc E. Lippman. The spindle assembly checkpoint gene Bub1b is essential for the survival of some breast cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3588.
Non-invasive temperature monitoring: controlled nucleation as a case study (2014)

Freeze-drying is employed in pharmaceutical industry to preserve thermo-sensitive products. It is a cost intensive process and, for its optimisation, it is important to maximise the ice sublimation rate during primary drying, thus reducing cycle duration. At this purpose, it is fundamental to monitor the product temperature and keep it at a value lower than that at which melting or collapse occurs. The temperature monitoring is also important during the freezing stage as it influences the two subsequent drying stages. In particular, the temperature of ice nucleation determines the size of ice crystals and the morphology of the frozen cake, thus impacting on the final properties of the product. Moreover, as the nucleation of ice is a stochastic event and it is not certain that all the vials in the batch nucleate at the same temperature (allowing a non-homogeneous product structure and subsequent drying behaviour), several techniques have been proposed for inducing the nucleation at a certain temperature and time and make the process more cost efficient
Multiparametric in vivo ultrasound shear wave viscoelastography on farm-raised fatty duck livers: human radiology imaging applied to food sciences (2020)

Nine mulard ducks that were being raised for foie gras (steatosis) production went through in vivo shear wave (SW) elastography imaging of their liver during the force-feeding period to investigate changes in liver tissue characteristics. A total of 4 imaging sessions at an interval of 3 to 4 d were conducted at the farm on each animal. Three ducks were sacrificed at the second, third, and fourth imaging sessions for histopathology analysis of all animals at these time points. Six SW elastography parameters were evaluated: SW speed, SW attenuation, SW dispersion, Young's modulus, viscosity, and shear modulus. Shear waves of different frequencies propagate with different phase velocities. Thus, SW speed and other dependent parameters such as Young's modulus, viscosity, and shear modulus were computed at 2 frequencies: 75 and 202 Hz. Each parameter depicted a statistically significant trend along the force-feeding process (P-values between 0.001 and 0.0001). The fat fraction of the liver increased over the 12-day period of feeding. All parameters increased monotonically over time at 75 Hz, whereas modal relations were seen at 202 Hz. Shear wave dispersion measured between 75 and 202 Hz depicted a plateau from day 5. Based on this validation, proposed imaging methods are aimed to be used in the future on naturally fed ducks and geese.
AC voltage and current sensorless control method for three‐phase PWM converter (2010)

Abstract We present a three‐phase PWM converter without AC voltage and AC current sensors. The phase angle used in the control system is adjusted by using a PLL controller without sensing AC voltage. To prevent overcurrent at startup, the initial phase angle of the source voltage is estimated from the shunt current using a novel strategy. Furthermore, the phase currents can be reconstructed from the shunt current without any modification of the PWM pattern. To reduce the effect of current ripple, the shunt current is sampled twice for every phase in one PWM period and the sample timings are carefully adjusted. All of the proposed control schemes can be implanted using a single chip microprocessor (SH7046, Renesas Tech.). Simulation and experimental results with a 5‐kW prototype confirmed that the schemes worked well. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 172(4): 48–57, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20983
Image-Guided Control of an Endoscopic Robot for OCT Path Scanning (2021)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) endoscopic catheters provide efficient solutions for the non-invasive scan of malignant tissues in internal human organs. In this letter, we investigate the image-guided control of a robotic flexible endoscopic system equipped with an OCT probe for autonomous tissue scanning. The visual control strategy is achieved by combining the image feedback from both a monocular endoscopic camera (eye-to-hand) and an OCT probe (eye-in-hand). Our control strategy allows the OCT probe to automatically track a trajectory defined by the user on the 2D endoscopic image and keep contact with the scanned surface. The orientation, depth, and endoscopic 2D image position are controlled by solving an optimization problem, which is converted to a quadratic programming problem. For the implementation of the visual control strategy, we also consider visibility constraints and actuators limitations. In addition, a marker-based method to estimate the 3D pose of the continuum robot using only 2D images is proposed based on a Kalman filter and a registration technique. The proposed control strategy is validated using both simulation and laboratory experiments.
Supplementary Table 2 from IL2 Inducible T-cell Kinase, a Novel Therapeutic Target in Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 2. Staining protocols for antibodies utilized for immunohistochemistry throughout the study&lt;/p&gt;
A new treatment of spasticity with repetitive magnetic stimulation in multiple sclerosis. (1995)

Onset symptoms of multiple sclerosis Definite: These symptoms must last for at least 24 hours.Unilateral optic/retrobulbar neuritis Acquired monocular colour blindness Oscillopsia True binocular diplopia Tic douloureux (under age 40) Hemifacial spasm (under age 40) Acute unilateral diminution of hearing (under age 40) Transient acute non-positional vertigo (under age 40) Transient scanning speech Transverse myelitis Lhermitte symptom Gait ataxia Unilateral dysmetria/intention tremor/incoordination Sensory useless hand syndrome Transient weakness/paraesthesiae of one entire limb Transient painless urinary retention (under age 40) Transient painless urinary urgency/incontinence in men (under age 40) Possible: For these symptoms to be used as onset markers, they must be followed by a definite symptom within two years.Unilateral facial palsy Transient painless urinary frequency in men (under age 40) Transient hemiparesiss (under age 40) Organic erectile dysfunction Painful tonic seizuresTo accept a Lhermitte symptom, it is desirable, although not required, that the symptom be transient.More important, however, is the fact that other causes for this symptom, in particular herniated nucleus pulposus or spondylosis in the cervical region, must have been ruled out.Gait ataxia and unilateral dysmetria/intention tremor/incoordination may be manifesta- tions of involvement of the cerebellum or of the posterior columns with loss of position sense.
Proposal of leading navigation control model for walking promotion robot (2018)

This paper proposes a computational model for leading and following walking for human-robot interaction. In this work, we extended Side-By-Side Walking model to implement leading walking state. We proposed the model that promote walking training to prevent falls of elderly people. Moreover, the usefulness of the proposed model was verified by simulation.
The Virulence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolates in Mice Depends on Shiga Toxin Type 2a (Stx2a)-Induction and High Levels of Stx2a in Stool (2020)

In this study we compared nine Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 patient isolates for Stx levels, <i>stx</i>-phage insertion site(s), and pathogenicity in a streptomycin (Str)-treated mouse model. The strains encoded <i>stx</i><sub>2a</sub>, <i>stx</i><sub>1a</sub> and <i>stx</i><sub>2a</sub>, or <i>stx</i><sub>2a</sub> and <i>stx</i><sub>2c</sub>. All of the strains elaborated 10<sup>5</sup>-10<sup>6</sup> cytotoxic doses 50% (CD<sub>50</sub>) into the supernatant after growth <i>in vitro</i> as measured on Vero cells, and showed variable levels of increased toxin production after growth with sub-inhibitory levels of ciprofloxacin (Cip). The <i>stx</i><sub>2a</sub>+<i>stx</i><sub>2c</sub>+ isolates were 90-100% lethal for Str-treated BALB/c mice, though one isolate, JH2013, had a delayed time-to-death. The <i>stx</i><sub>2a</sub>+ isolate was avirulent. Both an <i>stx</i><sub>2a</sub> and a <i>recA</i> deletion mutant of one of the <i>stx</i><sub>2a</sub>+<i>stx</i><sub>2c</sub>+ strains, JH2010, exhibited at least a three-log decrease in cytotoxicity <i>in vitro</i> and both were avirulent in the mice. Stool from Str-treated mice infected with the highly virulent isolates were 10- to 100-fold more cytotoxic than feces from mice infected with the clinical isolate, JH2012, that made only Stx2a. Taken together these findings demonstrate that the <i>stx</i><sub>2a</sub>-phage from JH2010 induces to higher levels <i>in vivo</i> than does the phage from JH2012. The <i>stx</i><sub>1a</sub>+<i>stx</i><sub>2a</sub>+ clinical isolates were avirulent and neutralization of Stx1 in stool from mice infected with those strains indicated that the toxin produced <i>in vivo</i> was primarily Stx1a. Treatment of mice infected with Stx1a+Stx2a+ isolates with Cip resulted in an increase in Stx2a production <i>in vivo</i> and lethality in the mice. Our data suggest that high levels of Stx2a in stool are predictive of virulence in mice.
A Highly Efficient Enantioselective Synthesis of 2‐Methyl Chromans via Four Sequential Palladium‐Catalyzed Reactions. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthetic polymers as carriers for chemotherapeutic agents (1986)

Conference Article| April 01 1986 Synthetic polymers as carriers for chemotherapeutic agents JOHN B. LLOYD; JOHN B. LLOYD *Biochemistry Research Laboratory, University of Keele, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar RUTH DUNCAN; RUTH DUNCAN *Biochemistry Research Laboratory, University of Keele, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. KOPEČEK J. KOPEČEK †Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 16206 Prague, Czechoslovakia Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1986) 14 (2): 391–392. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0140391 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation JOHN B. LLOYD, RUTH DUNCAN, J. KOPEČEK; Synthetic polymers as carriers for chemotherapeutic agents. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1986; 14 (2): 391–392. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0140391 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search © 1986 Biochemical Society1986 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Disappearing cervical disc (1997)

The authors report the case of a 48-year-old woman who experienced spontaneous resolution of a large herniated disc at C6-7. Spontaneous resolution of a herniated lumbar disc was first documented by computerized tomography. This case is another example of a rare spontaneous resolution of a cervical disc herniation documented by magnetic resonance imaging.
Interference Rejection Characteristics by Adaptive Array at User Equipment Using Measured &lt;i&gt;K&lt;/i&gt;-Factor in Heterogeneous Networks (2013)

In LTE-Advanced heterogeneous networks, a typical cell layout to enhance frequency utilization is to incorporate picocells and femtocells in a macrocell. However, the co-channel interference between the marcocell and picocell/femtocell is an important issue when the same frequency band is used between these systems. We have already clarified how the interference from the femto(macro) cell affects on the macro(femto) cell. In this paper, we evaluate the interference rejection characteristics by an adaptive array with user equipment (UE). The characteristics are evaluated based on the K-factor used in the Nakagami-Race Fading model and the spatial correlation that is obtained in an actual outdoor environment. It is shown that a two-element adaptive array at the macro UE (M-UE) can sufficiently reduce the interference from the femto base station (F-BS) to the M-UE even if the number of total signals exceeds the degrees of freedom of the array.
Modeling, Simulation and Design Space Exploration of a MTV 5.0 Ton Cargo Truck in MSC-ADAMS (2005)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper presents the results of a design space exploration based on the simulations of the MTV (Medium Tactical Vehicle) 5.0 Ton Cargo Truck using MSC-ADAMS (Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical System). Design space study is conducted using ADAMS/Car and ADAMS/Insight to consider parametric design changes in suspension and the tires of the cargo truck. The methodology uses an industry acknowledged multibody dynamics simulation software (ADAMS) for the modeling of the cargo truck and a flexible optimization architecture to explore the design space. This research is a part of the work done for the U.S. Army TACOM (Tank Automotive and Armaments Command) at the Center for Automotive Research, The Ohio State University.&lt;/div&gt;
Advances in Nanomagnetism via X‐Ray Techniques (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Interleukin 5 synthesis by eosinophils: association with granules and immunoglobulin-dependent secretion. (1994)

Interleukin 5 (IL-5) is the main factor that promotes the terminal differentiation of eosinophil progenitors (as indicated by colony formation assays), and enhances the effector capacity of mature eosinophils. IL-5 is produced by T lymphocytes, CD4-/CD8- and mast cells and recently, messenger (m)RNA of this cytokine has been identified in eosinophils from patients with coeliac disease, asthma, or eosinophilic heart diseases. In this study, IL-5 mRNA and immunoreactive IL-5 protein were detected in tissue and blood eosinophils from patients with eosinophilic cystitis or hypereosinophilic syndromes but not in Crohn's disease. By electron microscopy associated to immunogold staining, immunoreactive IL-5 was identified in eosinophilic granules. After stimulation with IgA-, IgE-, or IgG-immune complexes, blood eosinophils were shown, by immunocytochemistry and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, to secrete IL-5. These observations demonstrate that eosinophils, under physiological stimulation, can release significant amounts of IL-5, which may contribute to local eosinophil recruitment and activation.
Rosemary: a flexible programming framework to build Science Gateways (2016)

The lessons learned during six years of experience in design, development, and operation of four Science Gateway (SG) generations motivated us to develop yet another generation of platforms coined “Rosemary”. At the core of Rosemary the three fundamental SG functions, namely related to data, computing, and collaboration management, are integrated together. Our earlier studies showed that complete integration between these functions is a feature that is usually overlooked in the existing SG platforms. Rosemary provides a generic data model, RESTful API, and responsive UI that can be customized through programming to build customized SGs. Moreover, Rosemary is designed and implemented to be flexible to changes in e-Infrastructures and user community requirements. The software frameworks, tools and libraries employed in the realization of Rosemary streamline the development, deployment and operation of customized SGs for the users needs. The code of Rosemary is open source, available at https://github.com/AMCeScience/Rosemary-Vanilla . So far the platform has been used to implement prototypes of three SGs for high-throughput analysis and management of neuroimaging data, sharing of data in in-vitro fertilization research, and provenance tracking of DNA sequencing data. This paper presents the design considerations, data model, and system architecture of Rosemary and highlights some of the features that are intrinsic to its design and implementation with examples from the three prototypes.