gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of I-line and DUV high-energy implant litho processes (2006)

For capacity reasons, it is interesting for us to have the flexibility of switching lithography processes between DUV and I-line steppers. The following discussion concentrates on high energy tilted implants of CMOS technology, critical enough to be worth running on the more expensive DUV equipment. As far as the differences are understood at the level of the printing, as well as the dissimilarities during the following implantation steps, it is possible using the same reticle and with minor target adjustments, to switch between the 2 tools/processes when required. This paper investigates the most important differences between the functionality of a same implant layer making use of the two wavelengths. Taken as high energy implant mask for several successive ion implantations, the resist film considered here is 1.6 pm thick. The taper profiles of I-line and DUV resist are shown after development, and after the successive implantation steps. Both wavelengths provide straight profiles after development, with one main difference: a slight footing for the I-line resist. This can be very well seen on the corresponding top down pictures revealing more tapers for the I-line process than for DUV. The first implantation step following development influences the profiles the most. In fact the profile of the DUV resist changes considerably while the one with I-line resist remains unchanged. That can be explained by the fact that the aliphatic structure of DUV photoresist is less resistant to degradation by ion bombardment as compared to the highly aromatic chemical structure of I-line photoresist. The subsequent implant steps of lower energy do not further influence the tapers, not even in the case of the I-line film. Therefore the biggest shrinkage occurs during the first implantation and all the next ion sequences will see this first deformation without changing it. Finally, simulation show that, an adjustment of the reticle OPC by adding serifs can be beneficial to the I-line layer to diminish corner rounding where the footingkapering can be worse.
Flares in IIMs and the timeline following COVID-19 vaccination: a combined analysis of the COVAD-1 and -2 surveys (2023)

A diagnosis of IIMs confers an equal risk of flares in the post-COVID-19 vaccination period to AIRDs, with active disease, female gender and comorbidities conferring a higher risk. Disparity between patient- and physician-reported outcomes represents a future avenue for exploration.
Extracts of &lt;i&gt;Gluconacetobacter hansenii&lt;/i&gt; GK-1 induce Foxp3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;T cells in food-allergic mice by an IL-4-dependent or IL-4-independent mechanism (2022)

The biological activities of acetic acid bacteria (AAB) as Gram-negative bacteria have attracted our interests, especially in their inhibitory effects on allergic responses. To clarify the underlying mechanism that improves allergic symptoms by ingestion of the AAB <i>Gluconacetobacter hansenii</i>, we examined whether different extracts of heat-killed <i>G. hansenii</i> GK-1 could reduce the interleukin (IL)-4 production of immune cells from food-allergic model of OVA23-3, transgenic mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-specific T-cell-receptor genes. A hot-water extract fraction (FII) of <i>G. hansenii</i> GK-1 significantly decreased the <i>in vitro</i> IL-4 production of spleen cells of OVA23-3 mice compared with those stimulated with OVA alone. The IL-4 inhibitory effect was also observed for FIV (purified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) fraction), but the activity was lower than for FII or LPS from <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Unlike LPS from <i>Escherichia coli</i>, FIV significantly inhibited the LPS-induced IL-6 production of the spleen cells. The addition of FII or FIV to a Foxp3<sup>+</sup>T cell-inducing culture showed that FII significantly promoted the rate of Foxp3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup>T cells of OVA-stimulated mesenteric lymph node cells from recombination-activating-gene (RAG)-2-deficient food-allergic inflammatory OVA23-3 (R23-3) mice with suppression of IL-4 production, while FIV induced Foxp3<sup>+</sup>T cells from RAG-2-deficient DO11.10 non-inflammatory mice. Structure analysis showed a lack of O-antigen in FIV, which seemed to lead to the weak biological activities of FIV observed. The present study suggests that extracts of <i>G. hansenii</i> GK-1 to inhibit IL-4 production of immune cells and/or promote regulatory T cell differentiation synergistically play important roles in improving allergic symptoms safely as well as normal condition.
AKI - human studies (2013)

<em><strong>Introduction and Aims</strong></em>: Rising rates of <em>Clostridium difficile</em> infection (CDI), including fatal cases, prompted a number of measures to be implemented in 2008 in Scottish hospitals aimed at reducing CDI. These measures included restricting the use of broad spectrum antibiotics. Within the Tayside region of Scotland, the antibiotic policy was changed from cefuroxime to flucloxacillin and gentamicin as prophylaxis in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery. A recent small observational study carried out in Dumfries and Galloway has raised concerns that this change has led to increased rates of AKI. The aim of this study was to examine the rates of AKI before and after the antibiotic policy change in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery.
THE USE OF HINGES IN PRIMARY AND REVISION KNEE SURGERY; THE BRISTOL EXPERIENCE (2012)

Patients with severe knee instability remain a surgical challenge. Furthermore, in the presence of extensive bone loss, constrained condylar implants may be unsuitable. Hinged knee replacements have served an important role in the management of such complex knee pathologies. A combined prospective and retrospective study of 138 consecutive hinge knee arthroplasties (42 primary and 96 revisions) of 8 different models performed in our institution between 2004 and 2010 at a mean follow up of 4.2years. Outcomes were reviewed and knee scores preoperatively and postoperatively at 1, 2 and 5 years using the American knee scoring system. The mean preoperative American knee score of 31 improved to 87 postoperatively. Complication rate was 19%, 15% of which required re-revisions for: loosening (4%), Infection (4%), periprosthetic fracture (3%), Implant fracture (2%), Component disassembly (1%) and dislocation (1%). Overall implant failure rate was 9% and implant survivorship was greater than 80% at 4 years. In our study, hinge prostheses provided good stability and symptom relief with a lower complication rate compared to some previous studies. In addition, we believe hinge prostheses can also serve as reasonable alternatives to amputation and arthrodesis in many complex knees cases.
Li<sub>10</sub>GeP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>12</sub>-Type Structured Solid Solution Phases in the Li<sub>9+δ</sub>P<sub>3+δ′</sub>S<sub>12–<i>k</i></sub>O<sub><i>k</i></sub> System: Controlling Crystallinity by Synthesis to Improve the Air Stability (2021)

Understanding the fast Li ionic conductors of oxygen-substituted thiophosphates is useful for developing all-solid-state batteries because these compounds possess a high electrochemical stability and thus may be applied as solid electrolytes. In this study, we synthesized the Li<sub>9+δ</sub>P<sub>3+δ'</sub>S<sub>12-<i>k</i></sub>O<sub><i>k</i></sub> series of solid solution phases with the same structure as the Li<sub>10</sub>GeP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>12</sub> superionic conductor and characterized their crystallinity, solid solution range, and chemical stabilities. Two methods (mechanochemical and melt quenching) were used for sample synthesis. Mechanochemical synthesis was used to obtain samples within a wide range of sulfur/oxygen substitution degrees, and the solid solution range was determined to be 0 < <i>k</i> ≤ 3.6 based on their lattice parameter variation. Meanwhile, the melt-quenched Li<sub>9</sub>P<sub>3</sub>S<sub>9</sub>O<sub>3</sub> phase exhibited a high degree of crystallinity up to its particle surface and was thus selected for neutron crystal structure analysis, which revealed the oxygen distribution related to the solubility limit. The highly crystalline melt-quenched Li<sub>9</sub>P<sub>3</sub>S<sub>9</sub>O<sub>3</sub> showed better stability in the air atmosphere compared to the mechanochemically synthesized counterpart with a low crystallinity, implying that sample crystallinity is an important parameter in evaluating the air stability of thiophosphates. The promising electrochemical properties of the solid solution series were demonstrated by the stable charge-discharge cycling of an all-solid-state lithium metal cell using the Li<sub>9+δ</sub>P<sub>3+δ'</sub>S<sub>12-<i>k</i></sub>O<sub><i>k</i></sub> electrolyte with <i>k</i> = 0.9 and a conductivity of >1 × 10<sup>-3</sup> S cm<sup>-1</sup> at 300 K.
Parallel Transport System Design (1992)

Requirements of emerging applications together with rapid advances in networking technology towards gigabit cell based ATM networks require new adequate transport systems. Integrated designs of transport services, protocol architecture, and implementation features are increasingly needed for the stringent requirements of forthcoming applications on high-speed cell based ATM networks. Explicit support of parallelism can help in performance issues as well as in service flexibility. The transport subsystem PATROCLOS (parallel transport subsystem for cell based high speed networks) is designed with special emphasis on a high degree of inherent parallelism. This allows efficient implementations on multiprocessor architectures such as transputer networks combined with specialised hardware for very time critical functions. Keyword Codes: C.2.2; C.2.0; C.1.2 Keywords: Network Protocols; Computer-Communication Networks; Multiple Data Stream Architectures (Multiprocessors) 1. INTRODUCTION Du...
X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopic Studies on Electronic Structure in La<sub>0.6</sub>Sr<sub>0.4</sub>Co<sub>0.8</sub>Fe<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>3-δ</sub> Perovskite-Type Oxides (2008)

In order to investigate the variation of the electronic structure of La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ depending on its oxygen nonstoichiometry, X-ray absorption spectroscopy of the material annealed under various oxygen partial pressures was performed. Co/Fe L-edge XANES spectra indicated that the mean valence of Co ion decreased with decreasing oxygen partial pressure, while that of Fe ion was almost independent of oxygen partial pressure. This suggested that Co ion rather than Fe ion preferentially compensated the charges caused by the formation of oxygen vacancies.
Interactive design of smooth genus n objects over a single domain (1999)

Recently, there have been some developments in constructing infinitely smooth genus-n objects over a single domain using the so-called topological design method. Compared with existing geometric design methods, it provides many advantages: a simpler data structure, a compact data set and infinite continuity. Improvement in the user interface, however, is still needed for designing free-form genus-n objects. This research improves the topological design interface by incorporating a radial-basis scattered data interpolating function for designing infinitely smooth genus-n objects over a single domain. As part of this research, a constrained Delaunay triangulation over the given unstructured data on the single domain is activated. This allows visualization of a polygonized genus-n object in the object space as well as providing interactive data control behavior in the object space. This method is characterized by the unconstrained control points inside the boundaries and by the small-size data set needed to design a free-form genus-n object.
Fine-Tuning the Biological Profile of Multitarget Mitochondriotropic Antioxidants for Neurodegenerative Diseases (2021)

Neurotransmitter depletion and mitochondrial dysfunction are among the multiple pathological events that lead to neurodegeneration. Following our previous studies related with the development of multitarget mitochondriotropic antioxidants, this study aims to evaluate whether the π-system extension on the chemical scaffolds of AntiOXCIN2 and AntiOXCIN3 affects their bioactivity and safety profiles. After the synthesis of four triphenylphosphonium (TPP<sup>+</sup>) conjugates (compounds <b>2</b>-<b>5</b>), we evaluated their antioxidant properties and their effect on neurotransmitter-metabolizing enzymes. All compounds were potent equine butyrylcholinesterase (<i>eq</i>BChE) and moderate electric eel acetylcholinesterase (<i>ee</i>AChE) inhibitors, with catechols 4 and 5 presenting lower IC<sub>50</sub> values than AntiOXCIN2 and AntiOXCIN3, respectively. However, differences in the inhibition potency and selectivity of compounds <b>2</b>-<b>5</b> towards non-human and human cholinesterases (ChEs) were observed. Co-crystallization studies with compounds <b>2</b>-<b>5</b> in complex with human ChEs (<i>h</i>ChEs) showed that these compounds exhibit different binging modes to <i>h</i>AChE and <i>h</i>BChE. Unlike AntiOXCINs, compounds <b>2</b>-<b>5</b> displayed moderate human monoamine oxidase (<i>h</i>MAO) inhibitory activity. Moreover, compounds <b>4</b> and <b>5</b> presented higher ORAC-FL indexes and lower oxidation potential values than the corresponding AntiOXCINs. Catechols 4 and 5 exhibited broader safety windows in differentiated neuroblastoma cells than benzodioxole derivatives 2 and 3. Compound 4 is highlighted as a safe mitochondria-targeted antioxidant with dual ChE/MAO inhibitory activity. Overall, this work is a contribution for the development of dual therapeutic agents addressing both mitochondrial oxidative stress and neurotransmitter depletion.
Scanning transmission electron microscopy investigations of self-forming diffusion barrier formation in Cu(Mn) alloys on SiO2 (2013)

Scanning transmission electron microscopy in high angle annular dark field mode has been used to undertake a characterisation study with sub-nanometric spatial resolution of the barrier formation process for a Cu(Mn) alloy (90%/10%) deposited on SiO2. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) measurements provide clear evidence for the expulsion of the alloying element to the dielectric interface as a function of thermal annealing where it chemically reacts with the SiO2. Analysis of the Mn L23 intensity ratio in the EELS spectra indicates that the chemical composition in the barrier region which has a measured thickness of 2.6 nm is MnSiO3.
Loss of MeCP2 in aminergic neurons causes cell-autonomous defects in neurotransmitter synthesis and specific behavioral abnormalities (2009)

Rett syndrome (RTT) is characterized by specific motor, cognitive, and behavioral deficits. Because several of these abnormalities occur in other disease states associated with alterations in aminergic neurotransmitters, we investigated the contribution of such alterations to RTT pathogenesis. We found that both individuals with RTT and Mecp2-null mice have lower-than-normal levels of aminergic metabolites and content. Deleting Mecp2 from either TH-positive dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons or PET1-positive serotonergic neurons in mice decreased corresponding neurotransmitter concentration and specific phenotypes, likely through MeCP2 regulation of rate-limiting enzymes involved in aminergic neurotransmitter production. These data support a cell-autonomous, MeCP2-dependent mechanism for the regulation of aminergic neurotransmitter synthesis contributing to unique behavioral phenotypes.
An Update to 6LoWPAN ND (1998)

This specification updates 6LoWPAN Neighbor Discovery (RFC6775), to
clarify the role of the protocol as a registration technique, simplify
the registration operation in 6LoWPAN routers, and provide
enhancements to the registration capabilities, in particular for the
registration to a backbone router for proxy ND operations.
The Progress of Intestinal Epithelial Models from Cell Lines to Gut-On-Chip (2021)

Over the past years, several preclinical in vitro and ex vivo models have been developed that helped to understand some of the critical aspects of intestinal functions in health and disease such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the translation to the human in vivo situation remains problematic. The main reason for this is that these approaches fail to fully reflect the multifactorial and complex in vivo environment (e.g., including microbiota, nutrition, and immune response) in the gut system. Although conventional models such as cell lines, Ussing chamber, and the everted sac are still used, increasingly more sophisticated intestinal models have been developed over the past years including organoids, InTESTine™ and microfluidic gut-on-chip. In this review, we gathered the most recent insights on the setup, advantages, limitations, and future perspectives of most frequently used in vitro and ex vivo models to study intestinal physiology and functions in health and disease.
Charge-transfer and non-charge-transfer crystal forms of (E)-5,5′-dimesitylbifuranylidenediones : an X-ray structural investigation (1981)

Synthesis of compounds of type (1) is briefly considered : X-ray study shows the dimesityl representative (2) to exist in a self charge-transfer form as very dark blue-black needles having a metallic lustre, and in a scarlet non-CT form; the preparation and interconversion of the forms is mentioned.
Integrating transcription factor abundance with chromatin accessibility in human erythroid lineage commitment (2021)

Abstract We present InTAC-seq, a method for simultaneous quantification of genome-wide open chromatin and intracellular protein abundance in fixed cells. Using InTAC we directly observe variation in chromatin accessibility and transcription factor motif occupancy driven by differences in transcription factor protein abundance. By purifying bone marrow progenitor cells based on GATA1 protein expression, we establish its role in both functional and epigenetic restriction of erythroid cell identity in human hematopoiesis.
Reduction Mechanisms of Cu<sup>2+</sup>-Doped Na<sub>2</sub>O–Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–SiO<sub>2</sub> Glasses during Heating in H<sub>2</sub> Gas (2017)

Controlling valence state of metal ions that are doped in materials has been widely applied for turning optical properties. Even though hydrogen has been proven effective to reduce metal ions because of its strong reducing capability, few comprehensive studies focus on practical applications because of the low diffusion rate of hydrogen in solids and the limited reaction near sample surfaces. Here, we investigated the reactions of hydrogen with Cu<sup>2+</sup>-doped Na<sub>2</sub>O-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> glass and found that a completely different reduction from results reported so far occurs, which is dominated by the Al/Na concentration ratio. For Al/Na < 1, Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions were reduced via hydrogen to metallic Cu, distributing in glass body. For Al/Na > 1, on the other hand, the reduction of Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions occurred simultaneously with the formation of OH bonds, whereas the reduced Cu metal moved outward and formed a metallic film on glass surface. The NMR and Fourier transform infrared results indicated that the Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions were surrounded by Al<sup>3+</sup> ions that formed AlO<sub>4</sub>, distorted AlO<sub>4</sub>, and AlO<sub>5</sub> units. The diffused H<sub>2</sub> gas reacted with the Al-O<sup>-</sup>···Cu<sup>+</sup> units, forming Al-OH and metallic Cu, the latter of which moved freely toward glass surface and in return enhanced H<sub>2</sub> diffusion.
Disease associated with immunoglobulin g (2018)

Diseases associated with disorders of immunoglobulin g synthesis and its subclasses are described. The analysis of the role of both deficiency and its increased production in the diagnosis and treatment of a number of diseases in humans.
A Study of the Vulcanization Kinetics of an Accelerated-Sulfur SBR Compound (1996)

Abstract Vulcanization kinetics for a SBR compound was studied by using both curemeter and DSC methods by a kinetic approach. A simplified but realistic model reaction scheme was used to simulate both induction and curing periods simultaneously. Model parameters were extracted from isothermal curemeter experiments. The model prediction demonstrated a good agreement with isothermal curemeter data over a temperature range of 120°C to 180°C. The variation of equilibrium modulus with temperature, observed from cure curves, can also be predicted. However, DSC experiments showed a different reaction behavior in the curing period as compared to model calculations. This was explained by the assumption that the reaction heat observed in DSC is due to all possible exothermal reactions, and the formation of crosslinks is only a part of these reactions. Hence, the curemeter can provide a good indication of crosslink formation, while DSC displays the entire reaction heat released during the vulcanization process. The kinetic approach allows one to incorporate vulcanization kinetics into the practical simulation of reactive processing operations.
Re: Salvage Radiation in Men After Prostate-Specific Antigen Failure and the Risk of Death (2011)

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult Urology1 Nov 2011Re: Salvage Radiation in Men After Prostate-Specific Antigen Failure and the Risk of Death Patrick C. WalshM.D. Patrick C. WalshPatrick C. Walsh More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.08.056AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Salvage Radiation in Men After Prostate-Specific Antigen Failure and the Risk of Death." The Journal of Urology, 186(5), p. 1876 References 1 : Prostate cancer-specific survival following salvage radiotherapy vs observation in men with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. JAMA2008; 299: 2760. Google Scholar © 2011 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 186Issue 5November 2011Page: 1876 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2011 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Patrick C. Walsh More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Supplementary Table 3 from Fibroblast Activation Protein α-Targeted CD40 Agonism Abrogates Systemic Toxicity and Enables Administration of High Doses to Induce Effective Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Additional data of cynomolgus monkey study showing body weight and plasma cytokine levels over the course of the study&lt;/p&gt;
A Total Synthesis of the Marine Alkaloid Discoipyrrole D (2017)

A total synthesis of the diastereoisomeric pair of compounds, 4, assigned to the marine alkaloid discoipyrrole D is reported. A series of palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling and other reactions was employed to assemble the relevant 1,2,3,4-tetrasubstituted pyrrole (16) that was engaged in MoOPH-mediated oxidative cyclization, then conjugate addition, and redox processes to complete the synthesis. This work serves to confirm the structure (4) originally assigned to discoipyrrole D.
A Heterozygous Putative Null Mutation in ROM1 without a Mutation in Peripherin/RDS in a Family with Retinitis Pigmentosa (1995)

ROM1 is a 351-amino-acid, 37-kDa outer segment membrane protein of rod photoreceptors. ROM1 is related to peripherin/RDS, another outer segment membrane protein found in both rods and cones. The precise function of ROM1 or peripherin/RDS is not known, but they have been suggested to play important roles in the function and/or structure of the rod photoreceptor outer segment disks. A recent report implicated ROM1 in disease by suggesting that RP can be caused by a heterozygous null mutation in ROM1 but only in combination with another heterozygous mutation in peripherin/RDS. Screening of the ROM1 gene using polymerase chain reaction amplification, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, and direct DNA sequencing identified the same heterozygous putative null mutation in a family with RP.