gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kernel optimization for support vector machines: application to speaker verification (2006)

In this dissertation, we examine the problem of kernel optimization for binary classification tasks where the training data are partitioned into multiple, disjoint classes. The dissertation focuses specifically on the field of speaker verification, which can be framed as a one-versus-all (OVA) decision task involving a target speaker and a set of impostor speakers. 
The main result of this dissertation is a new framework for optimizing generalized linear kernels of the form, k( x1, x2) = xT1 Rx2, where x1 and x2 are input feature vectors, and R is a positive semidefinite parameter matrix. Our framework is based on using first and second-order statistics from each class (i.e., speaker) in the data to construct an upper bound on classification error in a linear classifier. Minimizing this bound leads directly to a new, modified formulation of the 1-norm, soft-margin support vector machine (SVM). This modified formulation is identical to the conventional SVM developed by Vapnik, except that it implicitly prescribes a solution for the R parameter matrix in a generalized linear kernel. We refer to this new, modified SVM formulation as the adaptive, multicluster SVM (AMC-SVM). Unlike most other kernel learning techniques in the literature, the AMC-SVM uses information about clusters that reside within the given target and impostor data to obtain tighter bounds on classification error than those obtained in conventional SVM-based approaches. This use of cluster information makes the AMC-SVM particularly well-suited to tasks that involve binary classification of multiclass data---for example, the speaker verification task---where each class (i.e., speaker) can be treated as a separate cluster. 
In OVA training settings, we show that the AMC-SVM can, under certain conditions, be formulated to yield a single, fixed kernel function that applies universally to any choice of target speaker. Since this kernel function is linear, we can implement it by applying a single linear feature transformation to the input feature space. This feature transformation performs what we refer to as within-class covariance normalization (WCCN) on the input feature vectors. The dissertation describes a set of experiments where WCCN yields large reductions in classification error over other normalization techniques on a state-of-the-art SVM-based speaker verification system.
Space/time quantitation of thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy. (1981)

A comprehensive method is described for quantitation of the spatial distribution of TI-201 in the myocardium and its changes with time. The method, applied here to 51 patients, uses bilinear interpolative background subtraction to compensate for tissue crosstalk, and circumferential profiles to quantitate the relative radionuclide activity in the myocardium as an angular function with origin at the center of the left-ventricular cavity. In addition, washout circumferential profiles are calculated as percent washout from the stress circumferential profiles. Abnormal thallium distribution or washout is identified by automatic computer comparison of each patient's profiles with the corresponding limits of normal profiles, determined from the pooled profiles of 31 normal patients. In these 31, the computer output was normal in all cases. In 20 patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease, 19 were determined to be abnormal by this method. This new computerized treatment provides accurate objective assessment of the presence of coronary artery disease.
[The relationship between cognitive impairment, anxiety-depression symptoms and balance and spatial orientation complaints in the elderly]. (2005)

Balance and spatial orientation complaints, generically defined as "dizziness", are frequent in the elderly. They can cause a greater or lesser degree of handicap, and be associated with a greater or lesser degree of cognitive impairment and anxiety-depression symptoms. We examined 163 patients, referred for these complaints to the otoneurological outpatient services of 6 university hospital centres of the northern and central Italy, performing a bedside vestibular examination. The test allowed to distinguish between subjects with specific vestibular disorders (mainly BVP, Menière's disease and vestibular neuritis) and subjects in who the vestibular examination was not significant, and whose dizziness probably resulted from impairment or disease in multiple systems. The evaluation of the degree of handicap, using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory, showed that in the former group the physical parameters were significantly impaired with respect of a group of 81 age matched healthy controls, whereas the functional and emotional parameters were not. The evaluation of the degree of anxiety-depression, using the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, showed that all elderly people with balance and spatial orientation complaints present a degree of anxiety, but not of depression, greater than the controls, irrespective of the vestibular or extravestibular origin of the symptoms. The evaluation of the cognitive level, using the Mini Mental Test, showed that it is similar to the cognitive level in the controls when, according to the results of the otoneurological examination, the balance and spatial orientation complaints are due to vestibular disorders, but it is impaired when these symptoms are related to a dizziness of multifactorial aetiology. The presence of comorbidities is also higher in these patients. It is likely that in the elderly balance and spatial orientation complaints not caused by specific vestibular disorders are due to a dizziness of multifactorial origin, both organic and psychic, that can be classified as a geriatric syndrome.
In a murine model of sepsis, IL-6 increases early and remains high until week 4, when its decrease may be related to late-phase immunodeficiency. (117.27) (2011)

Abstract Chronic sepsis survival is still an unchartered territory, where system-wide, sometimes perennial dysfunction occurs, usually with dire consequences. In the present study, polimicrobial abdominal sepsis -or sham surgery- was induced using the CLP model. Long-term survivors (&amp;gt;7 days) were sacrificed at weekly intervals, and blood and spleen were collected. Splenic and circulating leukocyte populations were analyzed by flow cytometry. Cytokines were measured by bead-array assay. We found an early increase in splenic size and weight, followed by massive, significant influx of granulocytes, monocytes, and B-cells. Splenic monocytes and granulocytes remained high until week 4. In contrast, splenic T-cell populations remained stable after sepsis, and B-cells returned to baseline by week 3. In peripheral circulation, we found early increases in IL-6 (25-fold; p=0.01), and TNF (7-fold; p=0.01). Other cytokines, including IL-2, IFN-γ, and IL-17A were not different between groups. Serum IL-6 concentration dropped back to levels similar to those of sham mice by week 4. Strikingly, around this time all surviving mice developed spontaneous abdominal abscesses. This is interesting since IL-6 levels have been shown to be a good predictor of early mortality. The fact that a late-phase decrease may be related to a the development of a state of imunosuppression opens new avenues to understanding CARS syndrome/immunoparalysis state known to be devastating in long term septic patients.
Effects of Yohimbine on Heart Rate Variability in Panic Disorder Patients and Normal Controls (1992)

We studied the effects of yohimbine on heart rate (HR) variability in 13 normal controls and 13 patients with panic disorder. Yohimbine produced a significant increase in SD of HR in standing posture in both patients (p = 0.01) and normal controls (p = 0.025). Panic disorder patients had a significant increase in standing absolute midfrequency (MF) power (0.07-0.15 Hz) after administration of yohimbine (p = 0.002). The ratio of post- to preyohimbine standing MF power (0.07-0.15 Hz) during standing was significantly higher in patients as compared with controls (2.3 +/- 1.08 vs. 1.33 +/- 0.38; p = 0.01), which suggests an increased responsivity of panic disorder patients to the adrenergic effects of yohimbine.
Radiographic Measurements on Hindfoot Alignment View in 1,128 Asymptomatic Subjects (2020)

Category: Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to calculate the mean values of three most frequently measured parameters for hindfoot alignment determination in asymptomatic subjects - hindfoot alignment angle (HAA), hindfoot alignment ratio (HAR), and hindfoot moment arm (HMA). The secondary aim was to determine the relationship between HAR and HAA or HMA using statistical methods. Methods: From January 2014 to June 2019, a total of 1128 asymptomatic subjects were enrolled in this study. With the hindfoot alignment view by Saltzman and el-Khoury, HAA, HAR, and HMA were measured to evaluate the degree of hindfoot varus or valgus deviation. All subjects were divided into subgroups according to sex and age (&lt;45 years old vs &gt;=45 years old). Simple linear regression was performed to draw out the regression formula between HAR and HAA or HMA. Results: The mean HAA, HAR, and HMA for all subjects were -4.07+-3.48o, 0.21+-0.15, and -6.12+-5.22 mm, respectively. By comparing subgroups, female subjects &gt;=45 years old showed the largest valgus deviation (-7.08+-6.34o, P=0.001). To predict HAR using HAA or HMA, the regression formulas were ‘HAR= 0.366 + 0.039 × HAA’ and ‘HAR= 0.361 + 0.025 × HMA.’ Conclusion: Under HAA, HAR, and HMA evaluation, the hindfoot alignment for asymptomatic subjects was valgus deviation. Furthermore, the degree of valgus deviation was the largest in female subjects aged 45 years or older. This can be explained as the progression of adult type flat foot deformity with aging.
Controlled communication between physically separated bacterial populations in a microfluidic device (2018)

The engineering of microbial systems increasingly strives to achieve a co-existence and co-functioning of different populations. By creating interactions, one can utilize combinations of cells where each population has a specialized function, such as regulation or sharing of metabolic burden. Here we describe a microfluidic system that enables long-term and independent growth of fixed and distinctly separate microbial populations, while allowing communication through a thin nano-cellulose filter. Using quorum-sensing signaling, we can couple the populations and show that this leads to a rapid and stable connection over long periods of time. We continue to show that this control over communication can be utilized to drive nonlinear responses. The coupling of separate populations, standardized interaction, and context-independent function lay the foundation for the construction of increasingly complex community-wide dynamic genetic regulatory mechanisms.
Long-term versus intrabeat history of ejection as determinants of canine ventricular end-systolic pressure. (1989)

We studied the effect of ejection on end-systolic pressure in isolated heart preparations. Ejecting beats were compared with isovolumic beats having the same volume as at end systole. While holding end-systolic volume constant, various stroke volumes, including negative stroke volumes (volume injected during systole), were imposed using a predetermined volume command. After switching contraction mode between ejecting and isovolumic, we measured the immediate and steady changes in end-systolic pressure. In the first isovolumic beat after switching from steady-state ejecting beats, the change in end-systolic pressure was variable, depending on the stroke volume. The end-systolic pressure of the ejecting beat exceeded that of the isovolumic beat on average by up to 18 mm Hg with small stroke volume, but the ejecting end-systolic pressure became lower than isovolumic with either large stroke volume (stroke volume/end-systolic volume less than 0.96) or with negative stroke volume. During the transient phase following a switch from ejecting to isovolumic, the end-systolic pressure gradually decreased to a steady state. Consequently, even in steady state, ejecting end-systolic pressure exceeded isovolumic pressure over a significant range of stroke volume (stroke volume/end-systolic volume less than 1.18). After returning contraction mode from isovolumic back to ejecting, we observed responses that were a mirror image. These results indicated that in addition to negative uncoupling effect, ejection exerts positive effects on ventricular end-systolic pressure that are manifest both quickly and gradually. We hypothesized that the mechanism responsible for the positive effect is length-dependent activation via the larger volume (both at the initiation of contraction and averaged over a cardiac cycle) of a beat that ejects compared to one held isovolumic at end-systolic volume. The results with volume injection were consonant with this concept.
Rigid body fitting of flagellin FlaB, and flagellar coiling proteins, FcpA and FcpB, into a 10 Angstrom structure of the asymmetric flagellar filament purified from Leptospira biflexa Patoc WT cells resolved via subtomogram averaging (2019)

Spirochete bacteria, including important pathogens, exhibit a distinctive means of swimming via undulations of the entire cell. Motility is powered by the rotation of supercoiled 'endoflagella' that wrap around the cell body, confined within the periplasmic space. To investigate the structural basis of flagellar supercoiling, which is critical for motility, we determined the structure of native flagellar filaments from the spirochete <i>Leptospira</i> by integrating high-resolution cryo-electron tomography and X-ray crystallography. We show that these filaments are coated by a highly asymmetric, multi-component sheath layer, contrasting with flagellin-only homopolymers previously observed in exoflagellated bacteria. Distinct sheath proteins localize to the filament inner and outer curvatures to define the supercoiling geometry, explaining a key functional attribute of this spirochete flagellum.
MAV urban localization from Google street view data (2013)

We tackle the problem of globally localizing a camera-equipped micro aerial vehicle flying within urban environments for which a Google Street View image database exists. To avoid the caveats of current image-search algorithms in case of severe viewpoint changes between the query and the database images, we propose to generate virtual views of the scene, which exploit the air-ground geometry of the system. To limit the computational complexity of the algorithm, we rely on a histogram-voting scheme to select the best putative image correspondences. The proposed approach is tested on a 2 km image dataset captured with a small quadroctopter flying in the streets of Zurich. The success of our approach shows that our new air-ground matching algorithm can robustly handle extreme changes in viewpoint, illumination, perceptual aliasing, and over-season variations, thus, outperforming conventional visual place-recognition approaches.
Behandlung von Patienten mit nicht-kleinzelligem Lungenkarzinom (NSCLC) mit dem trifunktionalen, bispezifischen Antikörper Catumaxomab (Removab®) (anti-EpCAM x anti-CD3): Ergebnisse einer Phase I Studie (2007)

Rationale: Catumaxomab ist ein trifunktionaler, monoklonaler Antikörper mit spezifischen Bindungsstellen für humanes EpCAM, humanes CD3 und Fcγ-positive akzessorische Zellen. Catumaxomab induziert zellvermittelte, tumorspezifische Zytotoxizität. EpCAM ist beim NSCLC überexprimiert. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht Sicherheit und Verträglichkeit einer Catumaxomab-iv-Therapie bei Patienten mit NSCLC. Zusätzlich wurden time to progression (TTP) und Überleben erfasst.
Video Corroboration Of Player Incurred Impacts Using Trunk Worn Sensors Among National Ice-hockey Team Members (2018)

Wearable sensors (WS) have been increasingly used to quantify training loads in team sports but can also be used to identify impacts. Helmet worn sensors have been used to identify head impacts, but there is currently no data with regard to whole-body impacts incurred by players in ice hockey using trunk-worn sensors. PURPOSE: To use video to corroborate impacts identified by trunk-worn WS and determine validity of player incurred impacts (PII) among elite national ice hockey team members. METHODS: 23 players on the U.S. National Team Development Program (NTDP) U18 team consented to procedures approved by EMU Human Subjects Committee. Players wore a BH-3 (Zephyr, MD) WS to measure occurrences of PII during games. Of the 23 players, 8 with the top activity levels each game determined by WS, were observed using video. Game video was collected by NTDP staff and synchronized with accelerometer data. Previous pilot work determined only impacts of > 6 g were relevant, so, impacts identified by WS of 6 - 7.9 g (Z3), 8 - 9.9 g (Z4) and 10+ g (Z5) were used to corroborate PII. Magnitude and duration of each identified impact were compared by category using MANOVA with Tukey post hoc (α= 0.05; SPSS 22.0, IBM, NY). RESULTS: WS logged 419 on-ice impacts, 358 were confirmed true PII (85.5%), 60 were confirmed as other non-PII (14.3%) and 1 false positive (0.2%). For 358 PII, 17 (4.1%) were categorized as 1) Board contact/no check, 74 (17.7%) as 2) Board contact/check, 202 (48.2%) as 3) Open ice check, 65 (15.5%) as 4) Player fall. For the 60 Non-PII, 19 (4.5%) as 5) other form of player to player event, 16 (3.8%) as 6) Hard Stop, 19 (4.5%) as 7) Slapshots and 6 (1.4%) as 8) other identifiable player events. 140 of the 200 Z3 events were confirmed PII (80%), 103 of 110 Z4 events (93.6%) and 95 of 109 Z5 events were PII (92.2%). The magnitude of impacts was not different by category, but the duration of category 6 (Hard stop; .058 s) was lower than categories 2, 4 and 7 (.112, .112, .133 s, respectively, p<.05). CONCLUSION: These data show that using some limited criteria (e.g. impact magnitude and duration), PII can be identified with relatively high accuracy in ice hockey using trunk-worn wearable sensors. Use of these devices should allow a more complete understanding of the whole-body impacts incurred by players participating in ice hockey. Supported by USA Hockey Foundation
BSIM-IMG: A Compact Model for Ultrathin-Body SOI MOSFETs With Back-Gate Control (2012)

In this paper, we present an accurate and computationally efficient model for circuit simulation of ultrathin-body silicon-on-insulator MOSFETs with strong back-gate control. This work advances previous works in terms of numerical accuracy, computational efficiency, and behavior of the higher order derivatives of the drain current. We propose a consistent analytical solution for the calculation of front- and back-gate surface potentials and inversion charge. The accuracy of our surface potential calculation is on the order of nanovolts. The drain current model includes velocity saturation, channel-length modulation, mobility degradation, quantum confinement effect, drain-induced barrier lowering, and self-heating effect. The model has correct behavior for derivatives of the drain current and shows an excellent agreement with experimental data for long- and short-channel devices with 8-nm-thin silicon body and 10-nm-thin BOX.
Capsulorhexis phimosis in retinitis pigmentosa despite capsular tension ring implantation (2001)

A 56-year-old man with retinitis pigmentosa presented with dense nuclear sclerosis and scattered zonular loss with laxity confirmed by ultrasound biomicroscopy. He had extracapsular cataract extraction with a 6.0 mm continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and implantation of a capsular tension ring (CTR) and a single-piece poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) intraocular lens (IOL) in the capsular bag in his left eye. Severe anterior capsule fibrosis and contracture of the capsulorhexis opening with nasal decentration of the IOL were noted 4 months after surgery. A neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) laser anterior capsulotomy was performed to prevent further zonular stress and IOL decentration. The centripetal forces of capsular fibrosis after cataract surgery may exceed the centrifugal resistance of the standard CTR and PMMA IOL in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. Such patients must be carefully monitored postoperatively. An Nd:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy is a safe and effective option to manage anterior capsule fibrosis.
ChemInform Abstract: Relative and Absolute Stereocontrol in Intramolecular Nitrone Cycloadditions to the Cyclohexene Ring. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Imaging of laser-induced reactions of individual defect nanoclusters (2001)

The response of individual defect nanoclusters located in the bulk of a dielectric material following exposure to 355-nm, 3-ns high-power laser irradiation is investigated by use of microscopic fluorescence imaging. Experiments were carried out on KH2PO4 crystals. We provide direct imaging of the reaction to an external stimulus of individual defect clusters and demonstrate a novel method of studying the dynamic behavior of bulk defects.
Supplementary Figure 6 from MiR-1 Downregulation Cooperates with MACC1 in Promoting &lt;i&gt;MET&lt;/i&gt; Overexpression in Human Colon Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 7.1MB&lt;/p&gt;
Crystal Structure of Boryllithium with Two THF Molecules and DFT Analysis of Its Property as a Boryl Anion (2008)

Abstract The second crystal structure of boryllithium 2 with two coordinating THF solvent molecules was obtained. The 11B NMR chemical shift of a THF solution, made by dissolving single crystals of 2·(THF)2 in THF-d8, significantly and reversibly changed depending on temperature (from 20 to −100 °C). The calculated 11B chemical shift by GIAO method was close to two experimental values. The character of the sp2 lone pair on the boron center in opt-2·(THF)2 was shown to be similar to those in the calculated free phenyl anion and boryl anion. AIM analyses for opt-2·(THF)2 suggested that the B–Li bond of boryllithium is polarized, similar to the C–Li bond of alkyllithium.
Coprocessing with petroleum resid and Martin Lake Lignite (1988)

Petroleum resids have traditionally been overlooked as fuel sources despite their significant energy content. These products often contain iron, nickel, and vanadium in concentrations which rapidly deactivate or ''poison'' hydrogenation catalysts. Reacting petroleum resids with coal under liquefaction conditions or ''coprocessing'' has been proposed as an economic method for the removal of trace metals. Coprocessing involves the upgrading of a petroleum resid in a reaction with coal. While the resid acts as the liquefaction solvent some of the coal is converted to products, and the unconverted coal acts as a sink for metals. This paper will describe the results of tests to determine the increase in liquid product yields, and the reduction in the concentrations of trace metals achieved by coprocessing Arabian resid with Martin Lake lignite. Four batch-autoclave tests were made using various catalysts and conditions. Distillable products comprising 45-60 wt% of the individual product slurries were found to contain 2-8 ppm nickel and vanadium, and 9-41 ppm iron.
Full wave analysis of large non-uniform metallic grid FSS under oblique incidence using Scale Changing Technique (2010)

The scattering analysis from metallic Grid FSS consisting of rectangular perforations on a metallic screen illuminated by an oblique incident plane wave is presented. The grid structure is analyzed using Scale Changing Technique (SCT) which is based on the partition of the grid-plane into planar sub-domains defined at various scale-levels. Electromagnetic interaction between subsequent scales is modeled by mutually independent Scale-changing networks and finally the complete structure can simply be represented by a cascade of these scale-changing networks. Theoretical and simulation results are compared.