gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Viscoelasticity of Cowpea Starch Gels (2000)

ABSTRACT The mechanical behavior of cowpea starch gels (10%, w/v) at small and large deformations were investigated in comparison with acorn, corn, and potato starches in storage at 4°C for seven days. The rapid viscograms of starch paste (7%, w/v) revealed that cowpea starch had a larger setback (1,135 cP) than other starches (465–830 cP), although peak viscosity (1,723 cP) and pasting temperature (76°C) were between those of corn and potato starches. Texture profile analysis of cowpea starch gel showed exceptionally higher values for hardness, gumminess, chewiness and initial modulus than other starch gels. Cowpea starch gel also exhibited higher G ′ and smaller tan δ compared with other starch gels, regardless of the storage time. A creep test revealed that the cowpea starch gel could remain highly resistant to stress, showing the least deformation among the tested starch gels during storage up to seven days. The overall results disclosed that cowpea starch was capable of forming exceptionally strong and elastic gels with good storage stability.
Implications of the RhoA/Rho associated kinase pathway and leptin in primary uterine inertia in the dog (2021)

The underlying functional and molecular changes in canine primary uterine inertia (PUI) are still not clarified. Leptin (Lep) and obesity negatively affect uterine contractility in women, partly mediated by the RhoA/Rho associated kinase pathway, affecting myometrial calcium sensitization. We hypothesized that increased uterine Lep/Lep receptor (LepR) or decreased RhoA/Rho associated kinase expression contributes to PUI in dogs, independent of obesity. Dogs presented for dystocia were grouped into PUI (n = 11) or obstructive dystocia (OD, still showing strong labor contractions; n = 7). Interplacental full-thickness uterine biopsies were collected during Cesarean section for relative gene expression (RGE) of RhoA, its effector kinases (ROCK1, ROCK2), Lep and LepR by qPCR. Protein and/or mRNA expression and localization was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. RGE was compared between groups by one-way ANOVA using body weight as covariate with statistical significance at P < 0.05. Uterine ROCK1 and ROCK2 gene expression was significantly higher in PUI than OD, while RhoA and Lep did not differ. LepR RGE was below the detection limit in five PUI and all OD dogs. Litter size had no influence. Lep, LepR, RhoA, ROCK1, ROCK2 protein and/or mRNA were localized in the myometrium and endometrium. Uterine protein expression appeared similar between groups. LepR mRNA signals appeared stronger in PUI than OD. In conclusion, lasting, strong labor contractions in OD likely resulted in downregulation of uterine ROCK1 and ROCK2, contrasting the higher expression in PUI dogs with insufficient contractions. The Lep-LepR system may affect uterine contractility in non-obese PUI dogs in a paracrine-autocrine manner.
Novel 1,3-Diketone Modified Fullerenes for Organic Photovoltaic Cells (2008)

The feasibility of novel 1,3-diketone modified C60s (compound 1 and 2) was studied as acceptor materials in organic photovoltaic cells (OPVC). 1,3-Diketone modified fullerenes were synthesized by the addition reaction of 1,3-bis(5'-hexylthiophen-2'-yl)propane-1,3-dione with C60 in the presence of DBU (1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]undec-7-ene). From this procedure two products can be prepared, which are mono- (1) and di-substituted compound (2) in the yield of 40% and 17%, respectively. OPVCs fabricated by using the mixture of P3HT and compound 1 as an active layer showed excellent power conversion efficiency of about 3.42% after annealed at 160 degrees C for 15 min and we believe that substantial improvements can be realized by nano-structured heterojunction. It was demonstrated that 1,3-diketone modified C60 (compound 1) was one of the promising candidates for acceptor materials for OPVCs.
Process optimization of continuous gluconic acid fermentation by isolated yeast‐like strains of <i>Aureobasidium pullulans</i> (2005)

This study was focused on the optimization of a new fermentation process for continuous gluconic acid production by the isolated yeast-like strain Aureobasidium pullulans DSM 7085 (isolate 70). Operational fermentation parameters were optimized in chemostat cultures, using a defined glucose medium. Different optima were found for growth and gluconic acid production for each set of operation parameters. Highest productivity was recorded at pH values between 6.5 and 7.0 and temperatures between 29 and 31 degrees C. A gluconic acid concentration higher than 230 g/L was continuously produced at residence times of 12 h. A steady state extracellular gluconic acid concentration of 234 g/L was measured at pH 6.5. 122% air saturation yielded the highest volumetric productivity and product concentration. The biomass-specific productivity increased steadily upon raising air saturation. An intracellular gluconic acid concentration of about 159 g/L (0.83 mol) was determined at 31 degrees C. This is to be compared with an extracellular concentration of 223 g/L (1.16 mol), which indicates the possible existence of an active transport system for gluconic acid secretion, or the presence of extracellular glucose oxidizing enzymes. The new process provides significant advantages over the traditional discontinuous fungi operations. The process control becomes easier, thus offering stable product quality and quantity.
CAERULEIN-INDUCED ACUTE PANCREATITIS IN MICE IS AMELIORATED BY THE SALIVARY TRIPEPTIDE ANALOGUE feG (2008)

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and currently no specific treatment exists. Animal studies have shown that the salivary tripeptide analogue feG displays anti-inflammatory properties. Aim: To determine whether prophylactic or therapeutic administration of feG will ameliorate AP. Methods: 9 groups of Swiss male mice were used (n = 4-8 per group). AP was induced by 12 hourly i.p. injections of caerulein (50μg/kg). A single dose feG (100ug/kg) was administered at AP induction (prophylactic) or 2h post induction (therapeutic). Control groups (n = 4) received feG, a control peptide (100ug/kg) at 0 or 2h, or saline injections. Plasma amylase and lipase activity were measured. Pancreata were harvested 13h post-AP induction for histological assessment of oedema (interstitial space) and acinar cell necrosis and for measurement of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The Mann-Whitney test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Plasma amylase and lipase activities in AP plus prophylactic or therapeutic feG groups was reduced by 36% and 43% respectively compared with AP alone group (P < 0.05). Therapeutic feG did not significantly alter the AP-induced hyperenzymemia. Control peptide administered at 0 or 2h, or saline alone did not elevate plasma enzymes activities, however the control peptide administered at 2h did elevate the AP-induced amylase activity. Pancreatic MPO activity was reduced by 76% and 47% with prophylactic and therapeutic feG treatment, respectively, compared with AP alone (P < 0.05). AP-induced oedema was reduced by about 50% with either prophylactic or therapeutic feG treatment (both P < 0.05). Acinar cell necrosis was reduced by 30% following prophylactic (P < 0.05) but not therapeutic feG treatment. Conclusion: feG treatment reduced AP-induced hyperenzymemia, pancreatic MPO activity and indices of pancreatic damage. Salivary tripeptide analogues may offer a new therapeutic approach for AP treatment. (feG was kindly provided by Salpep Biotechnology Inc.).
Facial Nerve Dysfunction After Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis in Patients with Robin Sequence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2022)

This analysis of FND associated with MDO for patients with RS demonstrates a lack of consistent documentation. MDO-associated FND does not appear to be uncommon, and permanent dysfunction can occur. This review underscores the importance of thorough documentation to elucidate the mechanism of FND.
Inhibition of the Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase by Tyrosine Nitration (2009)

Inhibition of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) has beneficial effects on vascular inflammation and hypertension indicating that the enzyme may be a promising target for drug development. As the enzymatic core of the hydrolase domain of the human sEH contains two tyrosine residues (Tyr(383) and Tyr(466)) that are theoretically crucial for enzymatic activity, we addressed the hypothesis that the activity of the sEH may be affected by nitrosative stress. Epoxide hydrolase activity was detected in human and murine endothelial cells as well in HEK293 cells and could be inhibited by either authentic peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) or the ONOO(-) generator 3-morpholino-sydnonimine (SIN-1). Protection of the enzymatic core with 1-adamantyl-3-cyclohexylurea in vitro decreased sensitivity to SIN-1. Both ONOO(-) and SIN-1 elicited the tyrosine nitration of the sEH protein and mass spectrometry analysis of tryptic fragments revealed nitration on several tyrosine residues including Tyr(383) and Tyr(466). Mutation of the latter residues to phenylalanine was sufficient to abrogate epoxide hydrolase activity. In vivo, streptozotocin-induced diabetes resulted in the tyrosine nitration of the sEH in murine lungs and a significant decrease in its activity. Taken together, these data indicate that the activity of the sEH can be regulated by the tyrosine nitration of the protein. Moreover, nitrosative stress would be expected to potentiate the physiological actions of arachidonic acid epoxides by preventing their metabolism to the corresponding diols.
Natriuretic Peptide Receptor-C is Up-Regulated in the Intima of Advanced Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis (2016)

These findings demonstrate significant NPR-C expression in the intima of advanced carotid artery plaques. Furthermore, NPR-C expression was higher in vulnerable carotid plaque intimal regions, and correlate with features of advanced disease. Our findings suggest that NPR-C may serve as a potential biomarker for carotid plaque vulnerability and progression, in patients with advanced carotid artery occlusive disease.
Recent developments in microalgae for biodiesel production (2010)

Biodiesel is a renewable and environmentally friendly alternative fuel, which is comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from renewable resources. However, biodiesel production is dependent on available feedstocks and the growth of biodiesel as a petroleum diesel substitute is limited by the expensive cost of feedstock. Microalgae are among the most promising of nonfood based biomass fuel feedstock alternatives. Algal biofuels production is challenged by limited oil content, growth rate and economical cultivation and extraction techniques. This article summarizes the current state of research related to potential algal strains, cultivation conditions, biomass production rates and technologies for extraction of algal oil and production of biodiesel.
Novel Analytical Method of Nanoparticle Dispersibility in Polymer Nanocomposites; TEM-CT and 3D Topological Analysis (2006)

We established a quantitative analytical method of nanoparticle dispersibility, which includes the following steps; 3D reconstructed image by TEM-CT, particle separation by 3D image analysis, and calculation of a dispersibility index. First the 3D image was reconstructed by a series of 121 projections collected along a single tilt axis on TEM. Second particles were separated from the reconstructed image by binarization. The distance between the gravity centers of particles was measured from the reconstructed images. Finally a dispersibility index was defined as the average of the shortest distances for adjacent nanoparticles divided by an ideal distance. The proposed method was applied for alumina nanoparticles in polymer nanocomposites under different synthetic processes, and the dispersibility of them was calculated by the index. The correlation between the dispersibility as a structure and the transmittance at 700 nm as a function was found to be linear. This method is applicable to evaluate the 3D dispersibility quantitatively for the nanoparticle arrays.
I/Ca ratios in benthic foraminifera from the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone: analytical methodology and evaluation as a proxy for redox conditions (2014)

Abstract. In this study, we explore the correlation of I/Ca ratios in three calcitic and one aragonitic foraminiferal species. I/Ca ratios are evaluated as possible proxies for changes in ambient redox conditions across the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone to the ambient oxygen concentrations in the habitat of the foraminiferal species studied. Cleaning and measurement methods for the determination of I/Ca ratios are tested. All species show a positive trend in their I/Ca ratios as a function of higher oxygen concentrations. The most promising species appears to be Uvigerina striata, which shows a highly statistically significant correlation between I/Ca ratios and bottom water (BW) oxygenation (I/Ca = 0.032(±0.004) × [O2]BW + 0.29(±0.03), R2 = 0.61, F = 75, P &lt; 0.0001). Only for the aragonitic species Hoeglundina elegans is this relationship not significant. The iodine volatility in acidic solutions, the species dependency of I/Ca–[O2]BW correlations, and the individual variability of single tests, need to be accounted for when applying the I/Ca ratio as a proxy for redox conditions.
Structural insights into flagellar stator–rotor interactions (2019)

The bacterial flagellar motor is a molecular machine that can rotate the flagellar filament at high speed. The rotation is generated by the stator-rotor interaction, coupled with an ion flux through the torque-generating stator. Here we employed cryo-electron tomography to visualize the intact flagellar motor in the Lyme disease spirochete, <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>. By analyzing the motor structures of wild-type and stator-deletion mutants, we not only localized the stator complex in situ, but also revealed the stator-rotor interaction at an unprecedented detail. Importantly, the stator-rotor interaction induces a conformational change in the flagella C-ring. Given our observation that a non-motile mutant, in which proton flux is blocked, cannot generate the similar conformational change, we propose that the proton-driven torque is responsible for the conformational change required for flagellar rotation.
Characterization of the <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i><i>Islet</i> LIM‐homeodomain ortholog, <i>lim‐7</i> (2008)

lim-7 is one of seven Caenorhabditis elegans LIM-homeodomain (LIM-HD)-encoding genes and the sole Islet ortholog. LIM-HD transcription factors, including Islets, function in neuronal and non-neuronal development across diverse phyla. Our results show that a lim-7 deletion allele causes early larval lethality with terminal phenotypes including uncoordination, detached pharynx, constipation and morphological defects. A lim-7(+) transgene rescues lethality but not adult sterility. A lim-7(+) reporter in the full genomic context is expressed in all gonadal sheath cells, URA neurons, and additional cells in the pharyngeal region. Finally, we identify a 45-bp regulatory element in the first intron that is necessary and sufficient for lim-7 gonadal sheath expression.
Rapid lithiumization in acute manic patients (1992)

Abstract Nine patients with acute mania were treated with high‐dose lithium therapy and daily blood level monitoring for the first 3 days of treatment. Rapid reduction in psychopathology was seen. It is possible that the delay of 7–10 days in clinical response to usual lithium treatment may be partially pharmacokinetic, and that high‐dose lithium loading at the onset of treatment of mania may reduce the need for neuroleptic co‐treatment.
Comparative study on the mean-field and scaling theories of temperature-concentration dependence of slightly cross-linked gel systems (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComparative study on the mean-field and scaling theories of temperature-concentration dependence of slightly cross-linked gel systemsMiklos Zrinyi and Ferenc HorkayCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 1, 394–400Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00191a072https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00191a072research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Clinical evaluation and application of cardiac laboratory high‐definition video systems (1984)

This study evaluated a new high line rate (1,023-line) high band-width (10 MHz) system, compared it to our high-definition, 525-line video system, and compared both video systems to 35-mm cine angiography in 117 patients undergoing clinically indicated coronary angiography. The subjective image quality of the 1,023-line video system was not significantly better than that of the 525-line system. High line rate, high band-width systems may have theoretical advantages, but the increased noise level under clinical angiographic conditions reduces their diagnostic quality. Comparison between video (all modes) and cine images resulted in cine being rated as the best modality, but the differences were slight. Radiation levels required for video imaging, however, were significantly less than those required for cine recording. Current clinical and computer interactive uses of video systems in the cardiac laboratory are described. The eventual role and potential replacement of cine recording by video tape systems will depend on continued developments in video recording techniques.
Measurements of mechanical properties of superstructures materials for the CFFF syperconducting MHD magnet (1981)

Argonne National Laboratory is constructing a large superconducting MHD magnet to be used in the Coal-Fired Flow Facility (CFFF) at the University of Tennessee Space Institute. Measurements of the mechanical properties of all the materials used in the superstructure (bore tube, cast flanges and deposited weld metal, cast girder segments, aluminum girders, tie plates and connecting pins) have been performed. These measurements consisted of tensile strength, yield strength, % elongation, and reduction of area at 295, 76 and 4 K. Charpy "V" notch impact tests at 23 K were used for material acceptance with additional impacts done at 76 and 295 K. To verify ductility at the 4 K operating temperature, elastic-plastic J-integral fracture toughness tests at 295, 76 and 4 K along with associated fatigue crack growth rate data were generated. Results of these measurements are discussed.
Evolution of the major histocompatibility complex: molecular cloning of major histocompatibility complex class I from the amphibian Xenopus. (1991)

Class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) cDNA clones have been isolated from an expression library derived from mRNA of an MHC homozygous Xenopus laevis. The nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences show definite similarity to MHC class I molecules of higher vertebrates. The immunoglobulin-like alpha-3 domain is more similar to the immunoglobulin-like domains of mammalian class II beta chains than to those of mammalian class I molecules, and a tree based on nucleotide sequences of representative MHC genes is presented.
Improving the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells via a Novel Additive of <i>N</i>,1‐Fluoroformamidinium Iodide with Electron‐Withdrawing Fluorine Group (2021)

Abstract Additives are widely adopted for efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs), and proper additive design contributes a lot to PSCs’ various breakthroughs. Herein, a novel additive of N ,1‐fluoroformamidinium iodide (F‐FAI), whose cation replaces one amino group in guanidinium (GA + ) with electron‐withdrawing fluorine group, is synthesized and applied as the additive for PSCs. The electron‐withdrawing effect of fluorine promotes the molecular polarity of N ,1‐fluoroformamidine (F‐FA), enhancing the interaction of N ,1‐fluoroformamidinium (F‐FA + ) with MAPbI 3 . Compared with the nonpolar GA + , F‐FA + improves the crystallinity, passivates the defect, and downshifts the Fermi level of MAPbI 3 more significantly. The charge transfer and built‐in field in printable triple mesoscopic PSCs are therefore enhanced. Moreover, charge transport in MAPbI 3 is also promoted by F‐FAI. With these benefits, a power conversion efficiency of 17.01% for printable triple mesoscopic PSCs with improved open‐circuit voltage and fill factor is obtained with the addition of F‐FAI, superior to the efficiency of 15.24% for those devices with guanidinium iodide additives.
Carotenoids Inhibit Chemically- and Physically-Induced Neoplastic Transformation during the Post-Initiation Phase of Carcinogenesis (1990)

Diets rich in carotenoids have been strongly implicated as protecting against cancer development at several anatomic sites, however it is unclear whether protection is due to the carotenoid itself or to products of its bioconversion to retinoids. Both Beta-carotene (β-C), a carotenoid with, and canthaxanthin (CTX) a carotenoid without pro-vitamin A activity, have been found to inhibit methylcholanthrene induced neoplastic transformation in l0Tl/2 cells. Activity was observed when these compounds were added 7 days after carcinogen exposure and was reversible upon removal of carotenoid. When tested against X-ray induced transformation, carotenoids were ineffective when present during irradiation but, as before, strongly protected when added after carcinogen exposure. Effective doses were not cytotoxic. In both chemical and physical carcinogensis protocols, CTX was significantly more potent than β-C in inhibiting transformation. Using 14C-β-C no conversion to expected retinoids was detected after incubation with l0Tl/2 cells. Thus carotenoids appear to possess intrinsic cancer chemopreventive activity in 10T1/2 cells.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Medicine in Practice (2019)

There are gaps and deficiencies in the dissemination and application of evidence in the treatment of FTASDs. Specifically, patients have limited exposure to health-care encounters where appropriate information related to low rates of follow-up following ED or urgent care visits may be communicated. Evaluating the current state of practice and identifying areas of improvement for the dissemination of evidence regarding FTASDs can be achieved through application of the RE-AIM framework. Greater consideration and resourcing of dissemination and implementation strategies may improve the dissemination and the impact of existing medical evidence.