gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neuropsychological evidence for a topographical learning mechanism in parahippocampal cortex (2001)

The Parahippocampal Place Area (PPA; Epstein & Kanwisher, 1998) is a region within posterior parahippocampal cortex that responds selectively to visual stimuli that convey information about the layout of local space. Here we describe two patients who suffered damage to the PPA after vascular incidents. Both subsequently exhibited memory problems for topographical materials and were unable to navigate unassisted in unfamiliar environments. Performance on a continuous n-back visual memory test was significantly lower for novel scene-like stimuli than for novel object-like stimuli. In contrast, performance was normal on a famous landmark recognition task and on two perceptual tasks that required on-line analysis of scene geometry. Both patients were able to produce accurate maps of premorbidly learned places but were unable to produce accurate maps of new places. These results converge with previous neuroimaging work to demonstrate that the PPA (1) is selectively involved in processing information about the geometry of surrounding space, and (2) may play a more critical role in the encoding of this information into memory than in the initial perceptual processing, recognition, or recall of this information.
Deviation Modeling using an Asymptotic Approach (2021)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-3482.vid A new approach for predicting the flow deviation angle in an airfoil cascade is presented. The method utilizes a scaling between two asymptotes, namely, (a) flow deviations due to action of isolated blades at low solidity, and (b) conduit flow, tantamount to zero deviation, at high solidity limit. Contrary to the classical Carter’s rule, that is accurate only for large enough solidity, the proposed method is valid in the entire range of solidity of airfoil cascades. The basic theory also provides for an analytical integral formula that determines the equivalent camber angle for any arbitrary airfoil. It shows that, in comparison, the circular arc fit approximation currently in use underestimates the effective angle by 20 ~ 30%. The developed model is correlated extensively with test data from the literature, and is shown to provide very good predictions of flow deviations in airfoil cascades operating over large ranges of inlet angles and angles of attack with various camber geometries and solidities. Inclusion of stall effects are discussed as an extension to the developed model.
Countermeasure and Analysis of Squeal in Bicycle Disk Brakes (2006)

This paper deals with the occurrence mechanism of the squeal phenomena generated in a new type of bicycle disk brake unit and its countermeasure experimentally and analytically. It was made clear that squeal was in-plane vibration in the direction of disk surface with frequency 650 Hz caused by frictional characteristics with negative slope with respect to the relative velocity, and was generated in the vibration system including brake unit and spokes, in the same manner of old type of disk brake unit. The countermeasure against squeal by using a dynamic absorber was conducted. The simple analytical model of the bicycle disk brake system was set up. Some features of squeal phenomena and the optimal design of dynamic absorber for quenching squeal were made clear analytically and it was confirmed that the analytical results agreed well with the experimental ones.
Influenza vaccination as model for testing immune modulation induced by anti-TNF and methotrexate therapy in rheumatoid arthritis patients (2006)

RA patients treated with MTX without TNF blockers had significantly better serological response to influenza vaccination compared with those receiving TNF blockers alone or in combination with MTX and/or other DMARDs. However, the immune response is sufficiently large to warrant influenza vaccination to all RA patients regardless of treatment.
Depletion of Essential Fatty Acids in Muscle Is Associated With Shorter Survival of Cancer Patients Undergoing Surgery (2021)

Abstract Background: Emerging studies are reporting associations between skeletal muscle abnormalities and survival in cancer patients. Cancer prognosis is associated with depletion of essential fatty acids in membrane of blood plasma and serum in humans, however the relationship between skeletal muscle membrane fatty acid composition and survival is unknown. This study investigates the relationship between fatty acid content of phospholipids in skeletal muscle and survival in cancer patients.Methods: Rectus abdominis biopsies were collected during cancer surgery from 35 patients diagnosed with cancer. Thin-layer and gas chromatography were used for quantification of phospholipid fatty acid content of the muscle. Cut-points for fatty acids were established using optimal stratification.Results: Median survival was between 450-500 days when patients had arachidonic acid (AA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in muscle phospholipid above the cut-point compared to 720-800 days for patients below. Cox regression analysis revealed that low amounts of AA, EPA and DHA are risk factors for death. The risk of death remained significant for AA [HR 3.5 (1.11-10.87), p=0.03], EPA [HR 3.92 (1.1-14.0), p=0.04] and DHA [HR 4.08 (1.1-14.6), p=0.03] when adjusted for sex. Conclusion: Lower amount of essential fatty acids in skeletal muscle membrane is predictor of survival in cancer patients. These results warrant investigation to restore depletion of bioactive fatty acids in cancer.
Process optimization for high efficiency heterojunction c-Si solar cells fabrication using Hot-Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition (2012)

The researchers extensively studied the effects of annealing or thermal history of cell process on the minority carrier lifetimes of FZ n-type c-Si wafers with various i-layer thicknesses from 5 to 60 nm, substrate temperatures from 100 to 350°C, doped layers both p- and n-types, and transparent conducting oxide (TCO). Hot-Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition (HW-CVD) was used to achieve high lifetime, high open circuit voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oc</sub> ), and high efficiency in crystalline silicon (c-Si) heterojunction (HJ) solar cells. The minority carrier lifetime with i-layer passivation in as-grown state was found to peak at 200°C substrate temperature. Annealing c-Si with as-grown layers affects the lifetime significantly. The optimized annealing temperature is from 250-350°C. It was also found that the lifetime of c-Si wafers with a very thin i/p passivation decreases significantly when annealed at temperatures higher than 250°C. However, the lifetime of the i/p passivated c-Si wafers is not affected by the p-layer even when the i-layer is as thin as 10 nm. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to understand the annealing effect. For the c-Si wafers with i/n passivation, the minority carrier lifetime is usually longer than 2 ms and slightly improved by annealing. Minority carrier lifetime greater than 1 ms in a double side HJ structure with i/n and i/p layers can be achieved by controlling thermal history of the cell process. HJ cells were fabricated with an efficiency >;18% on n-type wafers without texturing, and an efficiency of 19.2% with texturing.
Three-Dimensional Measurements of Fundamental Plasma Parameters in Pulsed ICP Operation (2020)

Radio frequency inductively coupled plasma sources are widely used in low temperature industrial processing. Having reached a limit in process improvement available with steady state plasmas, the semiconductor industry is turning to temporal modulation of the rf generators in these sources. We conduct experiments in a modified industrial etch tool with pulsed Argon plasma <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> . Three-dimensional volumetric measurements were done using a computer-controlled probe drive. The ICP are supplied by a radio frequency source at 2 MHz and can be pulsed at arbitrary repetition rates and duty cycles. The magnetic field was measured using a three-axis magnetic probe (Bdot). A hairpin resonator probe was used to measure local electron density and a swept Langmuir probe was used to measured electron distribution functions. At low pressure, the plasma starts with residual plasma from the previous pulse and evolves into a “ring” shape density profile. Subsequently, the profile peaks in the middle of the chamber as it reaches a steady state toward the end of the active-glow phase. At higher pressure, the plasma density profile peaks at the center of the chamber throughout the entire pulse.
Influence of methacrylic acid and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose on the tablet properties and in vitro release of dextromethorphan hydrobromide. (2003)

The release of dextromethorphan hydrobromide from matrices containing hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC K100LV) and methacrylic acid copolymer (Eudragit L100-55) has been evaluated at different ratios of the polymers. The physicochemical properties (including weight, thickness, crushing strengh, friability and disintegration time) were also determined at 1000, 2000 and 4000 p compression forces. No significant differences in weight uniformity and thickness values were observed between the different formulations. The crushing strength of the tablets increased with increasing compression force and it reached a constant level at 4000 p. The formulations containing only HPMC K100LV resulted in an extended release pattern, however, Eudragit L100-55 alone could not effectively prolong the drug release. A combination of HPMC K100LV and Eudragit L100-55 in a 1:1 ratio at the 40% level provided an almost similar drug release profile than the marketed product.
InAs/GaSb type-II short-period superlattices for advanced single and dual-color focal plane arrays (2007)

The fabrication and optimization of InAs/GaSb type-II superlattice (SL) detectors for single-color and dual-color focal plane arrays in the mid-wavelength infrared spectral range between 3-5 &mgr;m is reported. Single color focal plane arrays with 288 x 384 detector elements and 24 &mgr;m pitch have been fabricated with high pixel yield. Camera systems with InAs/GaSb SL detectors reveal NETD values of 27.9 mK at a cut-off wavelength of &lgr;<sub>c</sub> = 4.9 &mgr;m for an integration time of only 1 msec with F#/2.4 optics. A dual-color MWIR/MWIR InAs/GaSb SL camera, developed for missile approach warning systems, features simultaneous and spatially coincident detection for both spectral channels on each pixel. The camera system with 288 x 384 detector elements in 40 &mgr;m pitch shows excellent NETD values and high pixel operability. The fabrication of dual-color focal plane arrays on 3" GaSb substrates is presented.
Sub-Pixel Registration of Noisy Images (2006)

The accurate registration of images observed in additive noise is a challenging task. The noise increases the number of misregistered regions, and decreases the accuracy of subpixel registration. To address this problem, we propose an intensity-based algorithm that performs registration based only on regions that are least affected by noise. We select these regions with a signal-to-noise ratio estimate that is obtained from an initial, less-accurate registration. Our simulations demonstrate that the proposed noise-adaptive scheme significantly outperforms the conventional registration approach.
Abrupt Si/Ge interface formation using atomic hydrogen in Si molecular beam epitaxy (1994)

Compositional abruptness of strained Si/Ge heterointerfaces grown by solid source Si molecular beam epitaxy under supply of atomic hydrogen (AH) was investigated using secondary ion mass spectrometry and reflection high-energy electron diffraction. Systematic variation of growth temperature and AH exposure pressure revealed that Ge segregation length is a steadily decreasing function of AH coverage on the growth surface.
Calcium Influx Regulates the Replication of Several Negative-Strand RNA Viruses Including Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (2023)

Negative-strand RNA viruses (NSVs) represent one of the most threatening groups of emerging viruses globally. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a highly pathogenic emerging virus that was initially reported in 2011 from China. Currently, no licensed vaccines or therapeutic agents have been approved for use against SFTSV. Here, L-type calcium channel blockers obtained from a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved compound library were identified as effective anti-SFTSV compounds. Manidipine, a representative L-type calcium channel blocker, restricted SFTSV genome replication and exhibited inhibitory effects against other NSVs. The result from the immunofluorescent assay suggested that manidipine inhibited SFTSV N-induced inclusion body formation, which is believed to be important for the virus genome replication. We have shown that calcium possesses at least two different roles in regulating SFTSV genome replication. Inhibition of calcineurin, the activation of which is triggered by calcium influx, using FK506 or cyclosporine was shown to reduce SFTSV production, suggesting the important role of calcium signaling on SFTSV genome replication. In addition, we showed that globular actin, the conversion of which is facilitated by calcium from filamentous actin (actin depolymerization), supports SFTSV genome replication. We also observed an increased survival rate and a reduction of viral load in the spleen in a lethal mouse model of SFTSV infections after manidipine treatment. Overall, these results provide information regarding the importance of calcium for NSV replication and may thereby contribute to the development of broad-scale protective therapies against pathogenic NSVs. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> SFTS is an emerging infectious disease and has a high mortality rate of up to 30%. There are no licensed vaccines or antivirals against SFTS. In this article, L-type calcium channel blockers were identified as anti-SFTSV compounds through an FDA-approved compound library screen. Our results showed the involvement of L-type calcium channel as a common host factor for several different families of NSVs. The formation of an inclusion body, which is induced by SFTSV N, was inhibited by manidipine. Further experiments showed that SFTSV replication required the activation of calcineurin, a downstream effecter of the calcium channel. In addition, we identified that globular actin, the conversion of which is facilitated by calcium from filamentous actin, supports SFTSV genome replication. We also observed an increased survival rate in a lethal mouse model of SFTSV infection after manidipine treatment. These results facilitate both our understanding of the NSV replication mechanism and the development of novel anti-NSV treatment.
Two year effects of food allergen immunotherapy on quality of life in caregivers of children with food allergies (2014)

IT lead to improvement in caregiver HRQL. Certain characteristics were associated with greater improvements in caregiver HRQL.
MiXR: A Hybrid AR Sheet Music Interface for Live Performance (2020)

Musicians face a number of issues when performing live, including organizing and annotating sheet music. This can be an unwieldy process, as musicians need to simultaneously read and manipulate sheet music and interact with the conductor and other musicians. Augmented Reality can provide a way to ease some of the more cumbersome aspects of live performance and practice. We present MiXR, a novel interactive system that combines an AR headset, a smartphone, and a tablet to allow performers to intuitively and efficiently manage and annotate virtual sheet music in their physical environment. We discuss our underlying motivation, the interaction techniques supported, and the system architecture.
From textual use cases to service component models (2011)

There is a gap between system requirements described with natural language and system design models described with formal language. In this paper, we present a framework for automatically mapping textual use cases to service component models from a model-based point of view. The generated models capture service component signatures and language independent dynamic behaviors. We have implemented our framework and demonstrated the benefits via a case study.
Acoustic analysis of open cavity flow with different aspect ratios (2018)

In this study, we numerically investigated the effect of aspect ratio on sound field of open cavity flow using a high-order accurate numerical scheme. Through the comparison of oscillation frequency prediction equations, it was observed that a transition phenomenon of oscillation behavior takes place at L/D = 2.5 on our numerical condition. This transition phenomenon is caused by the change of vortex structure in the cavity. Then, through the comparison of resonant frequency prediction equations, we found that the peak frequencies were located near the solution of East-Block equation. This means depth and length resonances occur simultaneously. In particular, it appears for the cases with high aspect ratio. In addition, it is demonstrated by the result of flow visualization that transition of pressure distribution in the cavity differs between low and high aspect ratios. This difference also causes transition of oscillation behavior.
Recent advances in annonaceous acetogenins (1996)

L. Zeng, Q. Ye, N. H. Oberlies, G. Shi, Z. Gu, K. He and J. L. McLaughlin, Nat. Prod. Rep., 1996, 13, 275 DOI: 10.1039/NP9961300275
Analysis of the user queries of an e-commerce bookstore in terms of the Library of Congress classification and key publishers (2013)

Introduction. A key aspect of data mining and its success in extracting useful knowledge is the way in which the data is represented. In this paper we propose representing the relations inherent in an e-commerce bookstore search log as a graph, which allows us to apply and customize graph metrics and algorithms to identify structures and key elements. This approach complements traditional transactional mining by facilitating the identification of underlying structural relationships.&#13;\nMethod. The data are pre-processed and represented as a graph which permits the calculation of the descriptive metrics: hubs, bridges and community modularity. These metrics are then interpreted in terms of the book topics (Library of Congress Classification) and publishers.&#13;\nAnalysis. The relations between users, books and publishers are studied. We calculate statistics based on the graph metrics and visualize the communities and structure of the graphs. Then we identify the top publishers and categories in terms of the community, hub and bridge structures of the graph.&#13;\nResults. We have successfully represented the Web activity data log as a graph, defining the relations between books and users based on activity; analysed the graphs based on the specific graph metrics of communities, hubs and bridges; and evaluated the utility of the analysis by using the graph structure to identify the key information of interest in terms of top publishers and book categories.&#13;\nConclusion. We have defined a graph-based method for analysing transactional data which complements traditional transactional mining techniques in order to obtain business knowledge that can be used immediately for cross-selling and recommendation, or, in the medium term, for book catalogue organization.
Reversal of neuromuscular blockade with sugammadex during continuous administration of anaesthetic agents: a double‐blind randomised crossover study using the bispectral index (2019)

Sugammadex, a specific reversal agent for steroidal neuromuscular blocking drugs, has on occasion been reported to be associated with clinical signs of awakening. We performed a study to systematically search for an increase in bispectral index values and signs of awakening in patients maintained under general anaesthesia following sugammadex administration. Patients, scheduled to receive general anaesthesia with neuromuscular blockade, were included in this double-blind randomised crossover study. After surgery was completed, and while the train-of-four ratio was zero, intravenous anaesthesia was continued with the aim of maintaining the bispectral index in the range of 40-60. Patients then received either sugammadex 4 mg.kg<sup>-1</sup> or saline. In cases of incomplete reversal of neuromuscular blockade after 5 min, patients received the other drug. Bispectral index and train-of-four monitoring were recorded every minute and clinical signs of awakening noted. Fifty-one patients completed the study. Median (IQR [range]) bispectral index values increased after sugammadex administration from 49 (43-53 [38-64]) to 63 (53-80 [45-97]) (p < 0.01) with an increase of ≥ 20 in 22 patients; 14 (27%) patients had clinical signs of awakening. Saline had no effect on bispectral index values, clinical signs of awakening or degree of neuromuscular blockade. This study confirms that reversal of neuromuscular blockade with sugammadex may be associated with clinical signs of awakening despite maintenance of anaesthesia. Intravenous anaesthesia should be maintained until complete recovery of muscle function is achieved, especially when sugammadex is administered.
Total Ankle Arthroplasty (1998)

We evaluated the intermediate-term results of a novel total ankle arthroplasty that includes insertion of the components without cement and arthrodesis of the tibiofibular syndesmosis as part of the operative procedure. One hundred consecutive Agility ankle replacements were performed in ninety-five patients between 1984 and 1993. At the time of follow-up, eighty-three patients (eighty-six ankles) were alive and twelve patients (fourteen ankles) had died. Five (6 per cent) of the eighty-six ankles in the living patients had been revised. Including the components that had been revised for loosening, twenty-one (twelve tibial and nine talar) components had migrated. Delayed union of the syndesmosis (twenty-eight ankles) and non-union of the syndesmosis (nine ankles) were associated with the development of lysis around the tibial component. Non-union of the syndesmosis was also associated with migration of the tibial component and circumferential radiolucency around that component. In addition to the patients who died, one patient had a resection of the implant with subsequent arthrodesis. The remaining eighty-two patients (eighty-five ankles) were the basis for the clinical evaluation in the study. The average age at the time of the procedure was sixty-three years (range, twenty-seven to eighty-one years). At the time of the most recent follow-up (range, 2.8 to 12.3 years; average, 4.8 years), forty-seven (55 per cent) of the remaining eighty-five ankles were not painful and twenty-four (28 per cent) were only mildly painful. The range of motion of the fifty-six ankles that were examined at the time of follow-up averaged 36 degrees (range, 10 to 64 degrees), and the results for seventy-nine (93 per cent) of the eighty-five ankles were satisfactory to the patients.
Pitch tracking and voiced/unvoiced detection in noisy environment using optimal sequence estimation (2008)

This paper addresses the problem of pitch tracking and voiced/unvoiced detection in noisy speech environments. An algorithm is presented which uses a number of variable thresholds to track pitch contour with minimal error. This is achieved by modeling the pitch tracking problem in such a way that allows the use of optimal estimation methods, such MLSE. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated using the Keele pitch detection database with realistic background noise. Results show best performance in comparison to other state of the art pitch detector and successful pitch tracking is possible in low signal to noise conditions.