gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fibroblasts promote the formation of a continuous basal lamina during myogenesis in vitro. (1986)

Analyses were made of the requirements for the formation of a continuous basal lamina during myogenesis of quail muscle in vitro. A culture system was developed in which mass cultures of differentiating muscle cells were embedded in a native gel of rat tail collagen. Fibroblastic cells, which were also present in the cultures, migrated into the gel and within a few days surrounded the newly formed myotubes. In this environment, a continuous basal lamina was formed at the surface of the myotubes as demonstrated by immunofluorescent staining with monoclonal antibodies against type IV collagen, laminin, and heparan sulfate, as well as by electron microscopic immunolocalization. To distinguish between the role of the fibroblasts and the collagen gel in promoting basal lamina formation, clones of quail muscle cells lacking fibroblasts were subsequently embedded in a native rat tail collagen gel. Under these conditions, only very limited fluorescent staining for basement membrane components was observed associated with the myotubes. However, the introduction of chick muscle or skin fibroblasts into the clonal cultures just before gel formation resulted in the formation of an extensive basal lamina on the surface of the myotubes. Conditioned medium from fibroblast cultures by itself was not effective in promoting basal lamina formation. These results clearly show that during myogenesis in vitro fibroblasts must be in close proximity to the myotubes for a continuous basal lamina to form. These results probably relate closely to the interactions that must occur during myogenesis in vivo between the muscle cells and the surrounding connective tissue including the developing tendons.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of a Taxol C‐Ring by Aldol Condensation and Radical Cyclization. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Benchmarking Recovery Factors for Carbonate Reservoirs: Key Challenges and Main Findings from Middle Eastern Fields (2018)

Abstract The objective of this paper is to discuss the process of reservoir/field data aggregation, verification and validation process, to extract some key determinant reservoir parameters to be used in recovery factor (RF) benchmarking against global analogs. The subsequent step is to perform the benchmark of the reservoir performance against fields with similar reservoir characteristics and field development plans (FDPs), using digital databases and analytic tools. The use of data mining and analytics is also attempted to estimate RFs for undeveloped reservoirs. RF improvement is the ultimate goal of any field development project being managed by National Oil Companies (NOC) or International Oil Companies (IOC). The extent to which the recovery of hydrocarbon resources is achieved, depends on our knowledge of the reservoir complexity (rock and fluid system), the field development strategy and the economic parameters. Each reservoir is unique in its characteristics and thus the need for the implementation of an appropriate field development scheme to maximize the recovery. One of the main objectives of this work was to identify a process that can assess the RF from a given reservoir while comparing it against a mature analogue across the globe, and then identify development opportunites that can further improve RF. To do this we need to 1)-classify ADNOC’s reservoirs in a systematic and consistent manner, 2)-extract key determinant parameters that contribute to RF and 3)-compare them with performance of similar fields extracted from worldwide databases. Once this is done and, with the assistance of digital databases and analytical tools, the benchmark can be performed. This paper addresses all the challenges involved in the database preparation, data verification and validation process and presents a summary of the main findings in establishing the key determinant parameters used for the final reservoir classification (reservoir complexity index), which is used to select similar reservoirs for the recovery factor benchmark process. The paper exhibits also examples of RFs benchmarks for different carbonate reservoir complexities and architectures including but not limited to: 1)-reservoirs in transition zones, 2)-reservoirs affected by karstification and fracturation. 3)-reservoirs formed in complex clinoform (prograding) systems, 4)-reservoirs formed in aggradational layer-cake systems and 5)-reservoirs from sub-tidal sabkha environments with inter-bedded anhydritic layers. The novelty of this work is the judicious integration of all static and dynamic data, the proper parameterization of key determinant reservoir parameters, statistics extracted from 3D geostatistical models, the use of predictive analytic tools including self-clustering and classification and dimensionality reduction to estimate RFs for undeveloped reservoirs with similar reservoir complexity.
A Global Perspective on Science and Technology (2008)

The United States is a huge ocean-flanked country that, since World War II, has led the&#13;\nworld in the development of science and technology. But other countries are now catching&#13;\nup. The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) has been a support for the development of American science since the 19th century, but as the rest of the world becomes increasingly relevant, it has chosen to expand its purview to become more of an international friend of science. At the 174th annual meeting of the AAAS, we chose to reflect this new perspective.&#13;\n
Effect of Introduction of Trace Amount of Chromium Species in Improving Catalytic Performance of MCM-48 in Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Isobutane (2019)

The catalytic performance of MCM-48 was greatly improved by the introduction of a small amount of chromium during the oxidative dehydrogenation of isobutane. Various characterization procedures such as XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, TEM, NH3-TPD, XPS, and XAFS were used to identify the role that chromium played in the improvement, and XPS and XAFS results provided the most valuable information. Both measurements revealed that the chromium species existed as Cr6+ inside the framework of MCM-48 before oxidative dehydrogenation, but was reduced to Cr3+ during the reaction. The characteristic pore nature of MCM-48 also contributed to an enhancement of the selectivity to isobutene via the suppression of consecutive oxidation reactions.
Dietary Compound Resveratrol Is a Pan-BET Bromodomain Inhibitor (2017)

The chemopreventive and anticancer effects of resveratrol (RSV) are widely reported in the literature. Specifically, mechanisms involving epigenetic regulation are promising targets to regulate tumor development. Bromodomains act as epigenetic readers by recognizing lysine acetylation on histone tails and boosting gene expression in order to regulate tissue-specific transcription. In this work, we showed that RSV is a pan-BET inhibitor. Using Differential Scanning Fluorimetry (DSF), we showed that RSV at 100 µM increased the melting temperature (∆Tm) of BET bromodomains by around 2.0 °C. The micromolar dissociation constant (<i>K</i><sub>d</sub>) range was characterized using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC). The RSV <i>K</i><sub>d</sub> value accounted to 6.6 µM in case of BRD4(1). Molecular docking proposed the binding mode of RSV against BRD4(1) mimicking the acetyl-lysine interactions. All these results suggest that RSV can also recognize epigenetic readers domains by interacting with BET bromodomains.
Developing New Tools for the in vivo Generation/Screening of Cyclic Peptide Libraries. A New Combinatorial Approach for the Detection of Bacterial Toxin Inhibitors (2006)

A new combinatorial approach for the biosynthesis and screening of small drug-like toxin inhibitors inside living cells is presented. This approach has been initially used as proof of principle for finding inhibitors against the LF factor from Bacillus anthracis. Key to our ''living combinatorial'' approach is the use of a living cell as a micro-chemical factory for both synthesis and screening of potential inhibitors for a given molecular recognition event (see Scheme 1). This powerful technique posses the advantage that both processes synthesis and screening happen inside the cell thus accelerating the whole screening/selection process.
Transcarotid Revascularization Results in Patients Over 70 Years of Age (2022)

We found that TCAR was not associated with age-related increases in adverse outcomes and can be considered a viable option when treating carotid artery stenosis in patients older than 70 years of age.
A new 2-aminobuta-1,3-diene derivative and its utility as a building block in hetero- and carbo-cyclization processes (1988)

2-Morpholinobuta-1,3-diene cycloadds to aromatic aldehydes, N-benzylideneaniline, and methyl vinyl ketone, to give oxan-4-ones, 4-morpholinotetrahydropyridines, and 4-acetyl-1-morpholinocyclohexene derivatives, respectively, with a high degree of diastereoselectivity.
Automated Carbohydrate Synthesis to Drive Chemical Glycomics (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of arterial dissection based on a novel surgeon’s view (2023)

This paper presents a mathematical model for arterial dissection based on a novel hypothesis proposed by a surgeon, Axel Haverich, see Haverich (Circulation 135(3):205-207, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.116.025407 ). In an attempt and based on clinical observations, he explained how three different arterial diseases, namely atherosclerosis, aneurysm and dissection have the same root in malfunctioning Vasa Vasorums (VVs) which are micro capillaries responsible for artery wall nourishment. The authors already proposed a mathematical framework for the modeling of atherosclerosis which is the thickening of the artery walls due to an inflammatory response to VVs dysfunction. A multiphysics model based on a phase-field approach coupled with mechanical deformation was proposed for this purpose. The kinematics of mechanical deformation was described using finite strain theory. The entire model is three-dimensional and fully based on a macroscopic continuum description. The objective here is to extend that model by incorporating a damage mechanism in order to capture the tearing (rupture) in the artery wall as a result of micro-injuries in VV. Unlike the existing damage-based model of the dissection in the literature, here the damage is driven by the internal bleeding (hematoma) rather than purely mechanical external loading. The numerical implementation is carried out using finite element method (FEM).
From the shallow to the mesophotic: a characterization of Symbiodiniaceae diversity in the Red Sea NEOM region (2023)

Introduction The northern Red Sea has been coined a refuge for reef corals due to the exceptional thermal tolerance of these organisms. With ocean warming threatening coral reefs worldwide, a panoptic characterization of corals living in extreme conditions may provide insights into future responses of corals to environmental change. Among other factors, the genotype of the endosymbiotic algae in the family Symbiodiniaceae has been shown to have major implications on the distribution and resilience of their coral hosts. In this study, we aim at genotyping the Symbiodiniaceae communities associated with three depth generalist and one depth specialist coral species, characterized by the ability to withstand environmental conditions that are apparently limiting for other corals and occurring in a unique geographical region. Methods We sampled 50 corals from the northern Saudi Arabian Red Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba, covering a 97 m bathymetric gradient. We used high-throughput ITS2 gene sequencing and recovered different patterns of host–algal associations. Results and discussion The majority of the recovered algal genotypes appeared host- and environment-specific, while others were more widely distributed. At large, coral specimens were overwhelmingly associated with symbionts from the genus Cladocopium and specifically with many previously undescribed genotypes. This suggests the selection of specific genotypes, which might confer resistance and/or resilience to their host counterparts. Interestingly, we found a limited association with Durusdinium spp. and other known tolerant taxa in mesophotic corals in the northern Red Sea, but not in the Gulf of Aqaba. The broad absence of Durusdinium spp., typically ascribed to be stress tolerant, warrants further investigation into Symbiodiniaceae species that convey environmental resilience. Our data will serve as a baseline to explore the occurrence of specific symbionts that might be contributing to coral acclimation and adaptation and to assay how biodiversity might be impacted if subjected to increasing stressors.
Electrochemical Characterization of Steel Bridge Welds under Simulated Durability Test (2018)

Ever increasingly, corrosion-induced steel bridge deterioration, particularly near or at the welded joints, has led to a huge economic burden in the United States. There is, however, no sufficient information about weldment corrosion in steel bridges, which has hindered the application of appropriate corrosion mitigation. This study is to better understand corrosion behavior of steel bridge welds. Investigation of weldment corrosion of commonly used bridge steels, the low-carbon iron steel, and weathering steel, was performed using four electrochemical tests under simulated corrosive environments. Two coating systems, organic zinc-rich three-coat system and one-coat calcium sulfonate alkyd (CSA), were deposited to the samples to determine their performance at weldment. Results revealed that bridge welds exhibit higher corrosion initiation over base metals, regardless of types of steel or coating. In addition, the weathering steel shows the higher resistance to corrosion initiation (twice as high) in welded area as compared to the low-carbon iron steel. Moreover, the protective coating can effectively delay the corrosion initiation at the welds, thus enhancing the corrosion resistance of bridge welds.
Establishment of suitable parameters for laser machining based production of polymeric implants (2021)

Abstract Laser material processing enables precise machining of a wide variety of materials. In order to prevent an excessive heat input, which leads to irreversible material damage, the process parameters have to be adapted to the processed material. To keep the heat load as low as possible, the potential of femtosecond laser technology is exploited. The processing of semi-finished products using femtosecond laser technology is highly depending on the processed material. In this regard, we established a workflow and basic parameters for the processing of polymeric material. The performed parameter study varying cutting speed, cutting gas pressure and pulse energy to optimize the manufacturing process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to analyze the cutting results, such as cut edge quality or possible melted areas. The established parameter set is also suitable for processing of very filigree material structures as used in innovative medical devices. The SEM analysis of the established parameter set showed that a homogeneous, nonwavy cut edge was created along the kerf.
Figure S3A from Gene Expression Profiling in &lt;i&gt;BRAF&lt;/i&gt;-Mutated Melanoma Reveals Patient Subgroups with Poor Outcomes to Vemurafenib That May Be Overcome by Cobimetinib Plus Vemurafenib (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S3. Association of the cell cycle/immune signature with A, ECOG performance status.&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Access to Substituted Butenolides via a Radical Cyclization Pathway: Mechanistic Study, Limits and Application (2016)

Abstract Review: 64 refs.
HOW TO COMBINE NONMONOTONIC LOGIC AND RAPID PROTOTYPING TO HELP MAINTAIN SOFTWARE (1995)

This paper explores the possibility of automated support for detecting inconsistencies in software systems and requirements. The inconsistencies are introduced when the environment of the software system changes. We refer to the software environment as its context. We review the recent research progress on nonmonotonic logics, pointing out the significance of these results to software maintenance. We explain how a practical implementation of such logics can be obtained via a simple extension to logic programming in the form of an answer procedure that realizes the Extended Logic Semantics [7] for nonmonotonic logic programs that have a unique answer set (which is a large and useful class of logic programs). We augment the existing automated capabilities of the Computer-Aided Prototyping System (CAPS) for rapid prototyping via the extension to logic programming to provide an improved automated capability for detecting certain kinds of inconsistencies created by implicit requirements changes. We illustrate the significance of this capability via an example prototype for a problem originally suggested by Lehman.
A Comparative Study of Laboratory Dentifrice Abrasion Measuring Methods. (2016)

Given the lack of agreement between radiotracer and profilometry for the products tested in this study,it would appear that the RDA-PE method may not be equivalent to the traditional RDA radiotracer method, specifically in the higher abrasivity range.
Impact of Clustering on the Performance of Network De-anonymization (2015)

Recently, graph matching algorithms have been successfully applied to the problem of network de-anonymization, in which nodes (users) participating to more than one social network are identified only by means of the structure of their links to other members. This procedure exploits an initial set of seed nodes large enough to trigger a percolation process which correctly matches almost all other nodes across the different social networks. Our main contribution is to show the crucial role played by clustering, which is a ubiquitous feature of realistic social network graphs (and many other systems). Clustering has both the effect of making matching algorithms more vulnerable to errors, and the potential to dramatically reduce the number of seeds needed to trigger percolation, thanks to a wave-like propagation effect. We demonstrate these facts by considering a fairly general class of random geometric graphs with variable clustering level, and showing how clever algorithms can achieve surprisingly good performance while containing matching errors.
Sinus pericranii: sonographic findings. (1995)

Sinus pericranii: sonographic findings.G D Luker and M J SiegelAudio Available | Share
Crystal Size Dependent Flexibility in ZIF-7: From Macro- to Nano-Scale (2023)

Flexible metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly desirable materials for gas separation but most of them become rigid when the particle size is reduced towards nanoscale. We aim to comprehend the effect of textural properties such as crystal size, its distribution and morphology on the gate-opening behaviour stimulated by adsorption of guest molecules in ZIF-7. The synthesis conditions are varied to obtain ZIF-7 batches with crystal sizes ranging between 0.05 and 15 m with various size distributions. We report for the first time a CO2-filled open pore phase of ZIF-7 at 195 K (OP2) derived from in situ powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) data measured in parallel to CO2 physisorption. The adsorption of CO2 on ZIF-7 indicates persisting flexibility for all particle size regimes; with the crystal size, its distribution and morphology having a significant impact on both gate-opening and gate-closing pressures and slope of CO2 adsorption isotherms. In situ PXRD measurement indicated further expansion of ZIF-7 framework in presence of methanol as guest species. The capability of ZIF-7 to accommodate molecules larger than its 0.3 nm window diameter signifies the importance of intermolecular interactions to overcome the energy barrier for linker movement/gating of the framework.
Epidemiological survey of Nicotine induced oral cancers (2014)

In this study, epidemiological survey on nicotine induced oral cancer on its various prospective is carried out. Comparative studies of various risk factors that develop oral cancer in patients like age, sex, location etc. are studied. In the present study, three different factors were used to study the therapeutic effect of by measuring the outcomes like ADR, DI, Clinical efficacy produced by the drugs. Study found that ADR and symptomatic changes were less in case of combination chemotherapy compared to mono chemotherapy.
Antibody modified Bovine Serum Albumin microspheres for targeted delivery of anticancer agent Gemcitabine (2012)

Inhibition of the EGFR signaling pathway is one of the attractive therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer as recent studies demonstrated that EGFR is over‐expressed in pancreatic cancer. In this article we have demonstrated the design of targeted drug delivery system containing Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) microspheres as delivery vehicle, gemcitabine as anticancer drug and anti‐EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) monoclonal antibody as targeting agent. The conjugated BSA microspheres were characterized by several physico‐chemical techniques such as scanning electron microscope, optical microscopy, fluorescent microscopy etc. Administration of these BSA microspheres containing gemcitabine and anti‐EGFR (BSA‐Gem‐EGFR) shows significant inhibition of pancreatic cancer cells (AsPC1) compared to the cells treated with only BSA microspheres, BSA with gemcitabine (BSA‐Gem), and free gemcitabine. This strategy could be used as a generalized approach for the treatment of pancreatic cancer along with other cancers which overexpress EGFR on cell surface. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Aberrant expression of Twist1 in diseased articular cartilage and a potential role in the modulation of osteoarthritis severity (2016)

The bHLH transcription factor Twist1 has emerged as a negative regulator of chondrogenesis in skeletal progenitor cells and as an inhibitor of maturation in growth plate chondrocytes. However, its role in articular cartilage remains obscure. Here we examine Twist1 expression during re-differentiation of expanded human articular chondrocytes, the distribution of Twist1 proteins in normal versus OA human articular cartilage, and its role in modulating OA development in mice. High levels of Twist1 transcripts were detected by qPCR analyses of expanded de-differentiated human articular chondrocytes that had acquired mesenchymal-like features. The induction of hallmark cartilage genes by Bmp-2 mediated chondrogenic differentiation was paralleled by the dramatic suppression of Twist1 in vitro. In normal human articular cartilage, Twist1-expressing chondrocytes were most abundant in the superficial zone with little to no expression in the middle and deep zones. However, our analyses revealed a higher proportion of deep zone articular chondrocytes expressing Twist1 in human OA cartilage as compared to normal articular cartilage. Moreover, Twist1 expression was prominent within proliferative cell clusters near fissure sites in more severely affected OA samples. To assess the role of Twist1 in OA pathophysiology, we subjected wild type mice and transgenic mice with gain of Twist1 function in cartilage to surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus. At 12 weeks post-surgery, micro-CT and histological analyses revealed attenuation of the OA phenotype in Twist1 transgenic mice compared to wild type mice. Collectively, the data reveal a role for Twist in articular cartilage maintenance and the attenuation of cartilage degeneration.