gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Carboxylative Trimethylenemethane Cycloadditions Catalyzed by Palladium. (1987)

Abstract The trimethylenemethane synthons (VI) are prepared from (I) via the trisilyl derivative (III).
Temperature-dependent Characteristics of Carbon Nanofiber Arrays (2006)

In this work, we present temperature-dependent electrical characteristics of vertically aligned carbon nanofiber (CNF) arrays for on-chip interconnect applications. The study consists of two parts. First, the electron transport mechanisms in these structures are investigated using low-temperature (∼4K-300K) I-V measurements. The measured resistivity in CNF arrays are modeled based on known graphite a-axis (parallel to basal plane) and c-axis (perpendicular to basal plane) electron conduction mechanisms. The model is verified using high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) of the CNF-metal interface. Second, electrical reliability measurements are performed at different temperatures to demonstrate the robust nature of CNFs for interconnect applications. Finally, some guidance is presented in catalyst material selection to yield lower resistance CNFs.
Case Report: About a Case of Hyperammonemia Syndrome Following Lung Transplantation: Could Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Improve the Clinical Management? (2021)

<b>Background:</b> <i>Mycoplasma hominis</i> and <i>Ureaplasma</i> spp. are responsible for opportunistic infections in transplant patients, sometimes causing a life-threatening hyperammonemia syndrome. Both pathogens are not identified with standard microbiology techniques, resulting in missed or delayed diagnosis. We present a clinical case that illustrates the added value that next-generation sequencing (NGS) may offer in the diagnosis of respiratory infections in immune-compromised patients. <b>Results:</b> A 55 years-old man with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis underwent double lung transplantation. He received antibiotic prophylaxis with piperacillin-tazobactam and azythromycin. At day 4 post-transplantation (PTx), the patient presented an acute respiratory distress. A broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) was performed. At day 5 PTx, the patient presented a status epilepticus due to diffuse cerebral oedema. Serum ammonia concentration was 661 μg/dL. BAL bacterial culture was negative. Because of the clinical presentation, special cultures were performed and identified 100.000 CFU/mL of <i>M. hominis</i> and <i>Ureaplasma</i> spp. and specific PCRs were positive for <i>M. hominis</i> and <i>Ureaplasma parvum</i>. Antibiotic therapy was shifted to therapeutic dose of azithromycin and doxycycline; within 48 h ammonia serum concentrations returned to normal but the coma persisted several weeks, followed by a persistent frontal lobe syndrome. A follow-up BAL was performed on day 11 Ptx. The <i>Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma</i> culture was negative, yet the specific PCRs remained positive. Bacterial culture found 100 CFU/mL of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and viral culture was positive for Herpes Simplex Virus-1. These results were confirmed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). In the bacterial fraction, the majority of reads belonged to <i>Corynebacterium propinquum</i> (34.7%), <i>S. aureus</i> (24.1%) and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> (17.1%). Reads assigned to <i>M. hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum</i> and <i>parvum</i> represented 0.71, 0.13, and 0.04% of the bacterial fraction and corresponded to 6.9 × 10<sup>3</sup>, 9.7 × 10<sup>2</sup>, and 3.7 × 10<sup>2</sup> genome equivalents per mL of BAL fluid, respectively. These results are in favor of a cure of the atypical infection. <b>Conclusions:</b> mNGS offered added diagnostic and quantitative values compared to PCR tests, which can remain positive after resolved infections. The initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy would have occurred earlier on, possibly resulting in a better clinical outcome if mNGS had been performed in a routine fashion.
High performance sub-20-nm-channel-length extremely-thin body InAs-on-insulator tri-gate MOSFETs with high short channel effect immunity and V&lt;inf&gt;th&lt;/inf&gt; tunability (2013)

We have investigated the effects of vertical scaling and the tri-gate structure on electrical properties of extremely-thin-body (ETB) InAs-on-insulator (-OI) MOSFETs. It was found that body thickness (T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">body</sub> ) scaling provides better SCEs control, whereas T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">body</sub> scaling causes the reduction of the mobility limited by channel thickness fluctuation (δT <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">body</sub> ) scattering (μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">fluctuation</sub> ). To achieve better SCEs control, the thickness of channel layer (T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">channel</sub> ) scaling is more favorable than the thickness of MOS interface buffer layer (T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">buffer</sub> ) scaling, indicating necessity of quantum well (QW) channel structure. Also, the Tri-gate ETB InAs-OI MOSFETs shows significant improvement of short channel effects (SCEs) control with small effective mobility (μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> ) reduction. As a result, we have successfully fabricated sub-20-nm-L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ch</sub> InAs-OI MOSFETs with good electrostatic with S.S. of 84 mV/dec, DIBL of 22 mV/V, and high transconductance (G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> ) of 1.64 mS/um. Furthermore, we have demonstrated wide-range threshold voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> ) tunability in Tri-gate InAs-OI MOSFETs through back bias voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</sub> ) control.
Resonating Valence Bond Ground State in Oxygen-Functionalized Phenalenyl-Based Neutral Radical Molecular Conductors (2006)

We report the preparation, crystallization, and solid-state characterization of the first two members of a new family of spiro-bis(1,9-disubstituted phenalenyl)boron neutral radicals based solely on oxygen functionalization, and we show that this strategy significantly lowers the electrochemical disproportionation potentials (DeltaE), in comparison with other spiro-bis(1,9-disubstituted phenalenyl)boron salts. In the solid state, these radicals pack in a continuous array of pi-pi-stacked phenalenyl units with very short intermolecular carbon...carbon contacts. These two radicals are among the most highly conducting neutral organic solids, with room temperature conductivities reaching 0.3 S/cm. Magnetic susceptibility measurements show that the radicals do not exist as isolated free radicals, and there is significant spin-spin interaction between the molecules in the solid state as expected from the crystal structures and the calculated band structures; the solid-state properties are best rationalized in terms of the resonating valence bond model.
FliT (2022)

Non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM) offers byte-addressable persistence at speeds comparable to DRAM. However, with caches remaining volatile, automatic cache evictions can reorder updates to memory, potentially leaving persistent memory in an inconsistent state upon a system crash. Flush and fence instructions can be used to force ordering among updates, but are expensive. This has motivated significant work studying how to write correct and efficient persistent programs for NVRAM.
Synthesizing designs with low-cardinality minimum feedback vertex set for partial scan application (2002)

An efficient partial scan approach for cost-effective sequential ATPG is to select flip-flops (FFs) in the minimum feedback vertex set (MFVS) of the FF dependency graph, so that loops are broken. Through a comprehensive analysis of the sources of loops in the data path, this paper proposes a new high-level synthesis methodology to synthesize data paths which have low-cardinality MFVS, thereby reducing the cost of partial scan significantly. A test efficiency of 100% could be achieved for all designs synthesized by the proposed approach, requiring a significantly less number of FFs to be scanned compared to the original implementations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Publication Date Prediction through Reverse Engineering of the Web (2016)

In this paper, we focus on one of the most challenging tasks in temporal information retrieval: detection of a web page publication date. The natural approach to this problem is to find the publication date in the HTML body of a page. However, there are two fundamental problems with this approach. First, not all web pages contain the publication dates in their texts. Second, it is hard to distinguish the publication date among all the dates found in the page's text. The approach we suggest in this paper supplements methods of date extraction from the page's text with novel link-based methods of dating. Some of our link-based methods are based on a probabilistic model of the Web graph structure evolution, which relies on the publication dates of web pages as on its parameters. We use this model to estimate the publication dates of web pages: based only on the link structure currently observed, we perform a ``reverse engineering'' to reveal the whole process of the Web's evolution.
High-resolution tomographic imaging of microvessels (2008)

Cancer belongs to the primary diseases these days. Although different successful treatments including surgery, chemical, pharmacological, and radiation therapies are established, the aggressive proliferation of cancerous cells and the related formation of blood vessels has to be better understood to develop more powerful strategies against the different kinds of cancer. Angiogenesis is one of the crucial steps for the survival and metastasis formation of malignant tumors. Although therapeutic strategies attempting to inhibit these processes are being developed, the biological regulation is still unclear. This study concentrates on the three-dimensional morphology of vessels formed in a mouse tumor xenograft model post mortem. Synchrotron radiation-based micro computed tomography (SR&mu;CT) could provide the necessary information that is essential for validating the simulations. Using mouse and human brain tissue, the different approaches to extract the vessel tree from SR&mu;CT data are discussed. These approaches include corrosion casting, the application of contrast agents such as barium sulfate, tissue embedding, all of them regarded as materials science based. Alternatively, phase contrast tomography was used, which gave rise to promising results but still not reaches the spatial resolution to uncover the smallest capillaries.
Phosphorylation of HPr by the bifunctional HPr kinase/P-Ser-HPr phosphatase from Lactobacillus casei controls catabolite represssion and inducer exclusion but not inducer explulsion (2000)

59 ref.
Optimized GPU based simulation of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on a MAC grid (2011)

The paper introduces an optimized GPU based implementation of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations which are solved using the artificial compressibility method. The numerical scheme is based on a finite difference method. The domain on which the simulations have been performed is a backward facing step problem and the discretizations have been carried out on a MAC grid. The most time consuming parts, i.e. the computations of the velocities and of the pressure values, have been moved onto the GPU. Two separate kernels have been defined because there is no communication between the blocks of the GPU grid. Several optimization strategies have incrementally increased the performance of the two kernels. The most important ones are: coalesced global memory, reduced read and copy operations and optimum usage of shared memory. The results of the comparison between the CPU and GPU performance indicate a speed-up which varies from just under one order of magnitude for the coarsest grid up to two orders of magnitude for the finest grid.
State-of-the-Art-Review : Combined Heterozygous Plasminogen Deficiency and Factor V Leiden Defect in the Same Kindred (2000)

Combined plasminogen deficiency and resistance to activated protein C defect (factor V Leiden) have been described in a few families and associated with a variable occurrence of thrombotic events. Here we describe a new family with thrombophilia and the presence of hypoplasminogenemia and factor V Leiden mutation. In addition, a brief review of the literature is presented. Nine patients belonging to this kindred underwent coagulation study for hereditary thrombophilia, which included plasminogen antigen and activity assays, an activated protein C resistance test, and genetic analysis for factor V Leiden mutation and for prothrombin variant 20210A. The proposita, a 40-year-old asymptomatic female with a family history of thrombotic diathesis, was affected by heterozygous plasminogen deficiency. Hypoplasminogenemia was found also in her two sisters, in one instance associated with factor V Leiden mutation. The mother was the putative carrier of hypoplasminogenemia, but she refused to be studied. The symptomatic father was heterozygous for factor V Leiden mutation, but presented with normal plasminogen levels. Among the available siblings investigated from the paternal side, resistance to activated protein C due to factor V Leiden mutation was found in three patients, one of whom experienced venous thromboembolism. Another uncle with a history of thrombotic disease showed no coagulation abnormalities. These findings together with the data from literature confirm the role of factor V Leiden as an independent risk factor for venous thromboembolism, whereas isolated hypoplasminogenemia does not seem to increase the risk for thrombosis. There is no clear evidence that the coinheritance of these two defects may be associated with an additional risk for thrombosis compared with the presence of factor V Leiden mutation alone.
Resistive Switching in Individual Co/ZnO Core/Shell Nanoparticles Formed via Inert Gas Condensation and Selective Oxidation (2020)

Abstract Magnetron sputtering inert gas condensation is used to produce core/shell Co/ZnO nanoparticles. Selective oxidation to form the core/shell nanoparticles is accomplished both during nanoparticle formation (“in situ”) and with exposure to ambient conditions (“ex situ”). The ZnO formed in situ shows single‐crystalline nature with specific orientation relationships with the Co core, while the ZnO formed ex situ is polycrystalline. Conductive atomic force microscopy is utilized to measure the electrical behavior of individual nanoparticles, and both types of core/shell nanoparticles display classic bipolar resistive switching behavior. These results highlight potential application of these nanoparticles as promising next generation nonvolatile memories and neuromorphic computational devices.
Evidence for shallow bound states in PbTe: A reply (1983)

Line-shape calculations cast doubt on the interpretation offered by Lewis et al. (the preceding Comment).Received 12 August 1982DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.28.2249©1983 American Physical Society
[The effect of obzidan monotherapy on the beta 2-adrenoreceptors of the lymphocyte adenylate cyclase system in hypertension patients]. (1993)

Obsidan (propranolol) monotherapy was investigated for the effect on the density of lymphocytic beta2-adrenoreceptors (B max), the activity of lymphocytic homogenates adenylate cyclase (AC), plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone concentration (A) and plasma catecholamines (CA). Obsidan treatment brought about a 40% increase in B max without a significant changes in AC activity. Contrary to a significant fall in PRA, A and norepinephrine in plasma reduced insignificantly. Changes in B max correlated with its baseline level (r = -0.56, p < 0.01), PRA (r = 0.57, p < 0.01) and A level in plasma (r = 0.62, p < 0.01). No significant correlations appeared between hypotensive effect of the drug and drug-related changes in B max and AC activity, while PRA and A concentrations showed such dependence. B max and before treatment mass of the left ventricular myocardium correlated significantly (r = = 0.595, p < 0.01). A small decrease in the myocardial mass followed obsidan administration, being related to B max (r = = 0.497, p < 0.05). It is concluded that obsidan-induced changes in lymphocytic beta 2-adrenoreceptors correlate with alterations in the activity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and myocardial hypertrophy dynamics.
Studiendesign, Datenerhebung und Forschungsmethodik (1999)

Das vorliegende Kapitel gibt einen Überblick über die Studie, die Methodik zur Auswertung der Daten und die Zusammensetzung der zugrunde liegenden Stichprobe. Nach einer kurzen Darstellung des Untersuchungsdesigns untergliedern wir die Beschreibung in zwei Hauptteile. Der erste Teil beinhaltet die Beschreibung des quantitativen Teils der Studie und beginnt mit der Darstellung der Datenerhebung und des Datenrücklaufs. Es folgt dann eine Betrachtung der Repräsentativität der Stichprobe, an die eine Stichprobenbeschreibung anschließt. Abgeschlossen wird der erste Teil mit einem Vergleich der Wiederbefragungsteilnehmer mit den Befragten, die nur an der ersten Erhebung teilgenommen hatten, und einem Abschnitt zum Thema Veränderung über die Zeit. Der daran anschließende zweite Teil beinhaltet eine Beschreibung der qualitativen Studie. Er beginnt mit der Darstellung der Methodentriangulation, gefolgt von der Beschreibung der Methodik zur Auswertung der qualitativen Daten. Dieser Methodenteil umfaßt die Beschreibungen zu folgenden Arbeitsschritten: Entwicklung des Leitfadens, Auswahl der Interviewteilnehmer, praktische Durchführung, Transkription und qualitative Auswertung. Abschließend erfolgt eine Darstellung der Stichprobe des qualitativen Teils und eine kritische Betrachtung der Triangulation.
Epithelial insulin receptor expression-prognostic relevance in colorectal cancer (2018)

We demonstrate VIR to be frequent in CRC and characterize EIR negativity as an important prognostic risk factor. The association between EIR negativity and worse survival in UICC-stage II should be prospectively evaluated for an application in therapeutic algorithms.
Chemistry of Sulfur Oxides on Transition Metals I:  Configurations, Energetics, Orbital Analyses, and Surface Coverage Effects of SO<sub>2</sub> on Pt(111) (2002)

An extensive search for stable chemisorbed SO2 configurations on the Pt(111) surface has been performed using first-principles DFT−GGA calculations. The most energetically stable configurations, η2-Sb,Oa and η3-Sa,Oa,Oa at fcc sites, where η2 and η3 mean that the number of atoms of the adsorbate coordinated to surface atoms are two and three, respectively, and the subscripts a and b stand for the atoms on atop sites and bridge sites, respectively, are consistent with experimental observations. It is found that strong sulfur−metal bonds are essential in stabilizing the molecular SO2 binding to the Pt(111) surface. The lateral dipole−dipole interactions among chemisorbed SO2 moieties are shown to be responsible for the strong coverage effect of the SO2 binding energy to the surface. These strong lateral interactions do not greatly affect the molecular structures or relative binding energy differences among different binding configurations. The projected density of states and the induced density of states are studied in detail to explain binding effects.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells are bound and inhibited by anti-thymocyte globulin (2019)

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) inhibit T cell responses and are relevant to cancer, autoimmunity and transplant biology. Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) is a commonly used T cell depletion agent, yet the effect of ATG on MDSCs has not been investigated. MDSCs were generated in Lewis Lung Carcinoma 1 tumor-bearing mice. MDSC development and function were assessed in vivo and in vitro with and without ATG administration. T cell suppression assays, RT-PCR, flow cytometry and arginase activity assays were used to assess MDSC phenotype and function. MDSCs increased dramatically in tumor-bearing mice and the majority of splenic MDSCs were of the polymorphonuclear subset. MDSCs potently suppressed T cell proliferation. ATG-treated mice developed 50% fewer MDSCs and these MDSCs were significantly less suppressive of T cell proliferation. In vitro, ATG directly bound 99.6% of MDSCs. CCR7, L-selectin and LFA-1 were expressed by both T cells and MDSCs, and binding of LFA-1 was inhibited by ATG pre-treatment. Arg-1 and PD-L1 transcript expression were reduced 30-40% and arginase activity decreased in ATG-pretreated MDSCs. MDSCs were bound and functionally inhibited by ATG. T cells and MDSCs expressed common Ags which were also targets of ATG. ATG may be helpful in tumor models seeking to suppress MDSCs. Alternatively, ATG may inadvertently inhibit important T cell regulatory events in autoimmunity and transplantation.
Using Microscopy to Find Stardust Anywhere (2018)

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Bioaerosol emissions associated with pit latrine emptying operations (2018)

Pit latrines are the most common sanitation option in the developing world. They are simple to build but require periodic emptying which results in widespread dispersion of fecal pathogens in the environment. While much is known about the health risks of fecal-oral exposure, little is known about those resulting from the aerosolization of pathogens from fecal material. Bioaerosols were sampled around seven pit latrines before, after, and during emptying in Blantyre, Malawi. Bioaerosols were collected directly onto nutrient and selective medium agar plates using an impact sampler. DNA was extracted from some plates and analyzed for selected enteric pathogens. Total heterotrophic bacteria in the air during active emptying ranged from 198 to >13,000 colony forming units (CFU) per m<sup>3</sup>, and generally increased above background levels during pit emptying. At about one meter from the pit latrine emptying, E. coli and total coliforms concentrations in air reached up to 350 and 790 CFU m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. Additionally, at four out of the seven pit latrines sites sampled, enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) LT/ST was confirmed to be present in bioaerosols. This work demonstrates the potential for airborne dispersion of enteric pathogens during pit latrine emptying operations.