gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transfection of cells with basic fibroblast growth factor and Kaposi fibroblast growth factor genes induce resistance to and receptor modulation of tumor necrosis factor (1995)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been shown to inhibit the growth of some cell types and stimulate the proliferation of others by a mechanism that is not understood. In the present study, we investigated the effect of transfection of NIH-3T3 cells with either the basic fibroblast growth factor gene (bFGF) or the kaposi FGF gene (K-fgf) on the growth-modulatory effects of TNF. Our results show that transformation of cells with either gene leads to resistance to the growth-inhibitory effects of TNF. The K-fgf gene was found to be a more potent inducer of cellular resistance than the bFGF gene. The cellular resistance correlated with the inhibition of TNF-induced activation of phospholipase A2 and down-modulation of TNF receptors. Overall, our results indicate that both K-fgf and bFGF play an important role in suppression of antiproliferative effects of TNF.
Investigation into Pilot Perception and Control During Decrab Maneuvers in Simulated Flight (2010)

An experiment was conducted in the SIMONA Research Simulator to investigate the influence of sway, roll and yaw motion cues on pilot performance, control and motion perception during decrab maneuvers. In the experiment, six pilots were instructed to perform manual decrab maneuvers in heavy crosswind conditions with a Cessna Citation 500 model. The contributions of yaw, roll and sway motion stimuli were varied independently, such that their individual effects on objective measures and subjective ratings could be examined. The results of this experiment show that yaw motion had a positive influence on touchdown performance in terms of lateral position with respect to the runway centerline. Roll motion significantly decreased roll rate variations during decrab, which indicates its importance in aircraft handling. High workload and the relatively low intensity of lateral motion cues led to the fact that pilots were unable to give consistent fidelity ratings. This emphasizes the need for an objective and quantifiable method to determine motion fidelity for such maneuvers. Pilot models can possibly be used to investigate the influence of different motion cues in these transient control tasks and it is hoped the results and lessons learned in this experiment can contribute to this future work.
Selective area processing of InGaAsP (2002)

The electrical activation characteristics of Si/sup +/ and Be/sup +/ ions implanted into InGaAsP (/spl lambda/=1-3 /spl mu/m) grown lattice-matched to InP by metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy were studied as a function of ion dose (5/spl times/10/sup 12/-5/spl times/10/sup 14/ cm/sup -2/), annealing time (3-60 sec) and annealing temperature (575-750/spl deg/C). Maximum doping concentrations of /spl sim/2/spl times/10/sup 19/ cm/sup -3/ were obtained for both Si/sup +/ and Be/sup +/, with activation energies for electrical activation of 0.58 eV and 0.39 eV, respectively. Multiple energy F/sup +/ or H/sup +/ implants can be used to produce high resistance layers for isolation purposes - maximum sheet resistances of /spl sim/8/spl times/10/sup 6/ /spl Omega/spl square/ or /spl sim/10/sup 6/ /spl Omega/spl square/ for initially p/sup +/ or n/sup +/InGaAsP, respectively, were obtained for F/sup +/ implants followed by annealing near 450/spl deg/C. Smooth, anisotropic dry etching of the InGaAsP is obtained with electron cyclotron resonance CH/sub 4H/sub 2Ar discharges at low DC biases. The etch rates are the same for both n/sup +/ and p/sup +/ quaternary layers and are independent of the doping level.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: “CIS‐DIAZABIS‐Σ‐HOMOBENZENES” ((Π2S + Σ2S + Σ2S) CYCLOREVERSION) ‐ 1,4‐DIHYDRO‐1,4‐DIAZOCINES (“AROMATICITY”) (1981)

Abstract 1,4‐Dihydro‐1,4‐ diazocine ("Aromatizität").
Bloom filter based data collection algorithm for wireless sensor networks (2017)

Wireless sensor networks are emerging systems that can be used to monitor a variety of environments and communicate data to the relevant destination. This work scrutinizes the broadcast overhead problem in distributed sensor networks and propose a probabilistic structure (bloom filter) based technique, a new broadcast structure that attempts to reduce the number of duplicate copies of a packet at every node. This work shows that bloom based structure comes with a solution of a decreased energy consumption in the broadcast while achieving a full network coverage. The bloom filter is used for two purposes. First, to maintain the record of nodes requiring services from the central system in the form of an urgent member filter and communicate it reliably to the end node. Second, to create a neighbor filter. The unique idea of bloom based network uses a neighbor filter to incorporate the neighbor information on taking a forwarding decision and reduce broadcast overhead, i.e., the amount of duplication of packets at nodes. The simulation results show that use of bloom filter can achieve reduction in broadcast overhead by a minimum factor of 8 compared with the conventional broadcast system. In addition, it helps to reduce energy usage evenly throughout the network with 1/10 times and increases the lifetime of a network by having control over network density usage. The network density usage is compared with some existing broadcast control algorithms.
The interaction with fungal cell wall polysaccharides determines the salt tolerance of antifungal plant defensins (2019)

The fungal cell wall is the first point of contact between fungal pathogens and host organisms. It serves as a protective barrier against biotic and abiotic stresses and as a signal to the host that a fungal pathogen is present. The fungal cell wall is made predominantly of carbohydrates and glycoproteins, many of which serve as binding receptors for host defence molecules or activate host immune responses through interactions with membrane-bound receptors. Plant defensins are a large family of cationic antifungal peptides that protect plants against fungal disease. Binding of the plant defensin NaD1 to the fungal cell wall has been described but the specific component of the cell wall with which this interaction occurred was unknown. The effect of binding was also unclear, that is whether the plant defensin used fungal cell wall components as a recognition motif for the plant to identify potential pathogens or if the cell wall acted to protect the fungus against the defensin. Here we describe the interaction between the fungal cell wall polysaccharides chitin and β-glucan with NaD1 and other plant defensins. We discovered that the β-glucan layer protects the fungus against plant defensins and the loss of activity experienced by many cationic antifungal peptides at elevated salt concentrations is due to sequestration by fungal cell wall polysaccharides. This has limited the development of cationic antifungal peptides for the treatment of systemic fungal diseases in humans as the level of salt in serum is enough to inactivate most cationic peptides.
Investigations of Flutter and Aerodynamic Damping of a Turbine Blade: Experimental Characterization (2017)

Flutter is a self-excited and self-sustained aero-elastic instability, caused by the positive feedback between structural vibration and aerodynamic forces. A two-passage linear turbine cascade was designed, built, and tested to better understand the phenomena and collect data to validate numerical models. The cascade featured a center airfoil that had its pitch axis as a degree-of-freedom to enable coupling between the air flow and mechanical response in a controlled manner. The airfoil was designed to be excited about its pitch axis using an electromagnetic actuation system over a range of frequencies and amplitudes. The excitation force was measured with load cells, and the airfoil motion was measured with accelerometers. Extraordinary effort was taken to minimize the mechanical damping so that the damping effects of the airflow over the airfoil, that were of primary interest, would be observable. Assembling the cascade required specialized alignment procedures due to the tight clearances and large motion. The aerodynamic damping effects were determined by observing changes in the mechanical frequency response of the system. Detailed aerodynamic and mechanical measurements were conducted within a wide range of Mach numbers (Ma) from Ma = 0.10 to 1.20. Experimental results indicated that the aerodynamic damping increased from Ma = 0.10 to 0.65, dropped suddenly, and was then constant from Ma = 0.80 to 1.20. A flutter condition was identified in the interval between Ma = 0.65 and Ma = 0.80. The aerodynamic damping was also found to be independent of displacement amplitude within the tested range, giving credence to linear numerical approaches.
A Compute-and-Forward Scheme for Gaussian Bi-Directional Relaying with Inter-Symbol Interference (2013)

We provide inner and outer bounds on the capacity region for the Gaussian bi-directional relaying over inter-symbol interference channels. The outer bound is obtained by the conventional cut-set argument. For the inner bound, we propose a compute-and-forward coding scheme based on lattice partition chains and study its achievable rate. The coding scheme is a time-domain coding scheme which uses a novel precoding scheme at the transmitter in combination with lattice precoding and a minimum mean squared error receiver to recover linear combinations of lattice codewords. The proposed compute-and-forward coding scheme substantially outperforms decode-and-forward schemes. While it is well known that for the point-to-point communication case, both independent coding along sub-channels and time-domain coding can approach the capacity limit, as a byproduct of the proposed scheme, we show that for the bi-directional relay case, independent coding along sub-channels is not optimal in general and joint coding across sub-channels can improve the capacity for some channel realizations.
N-Terminal Region (Domain 1) of Calmodulin Is the Low Affinity Site for Ca2+. A 13C NMR Study of S-Cyanocalmodulin1 (1984)

A single cysteine residue (Cys-27) of wheat calmodulin was labeled with 13C by cyanylation. No change in the Ca2+ saturation pattern was observed after the cyanylation. On titration which Ca2+, the chemical shift of the 13C-label showed a downfield shift. The downfield shift was observed at Ca2+/calmodulin molar ratios between 1.8 and 3.5, while a blue shift of the UV absorption of Tyr-139 was observed between 0 and 1.7. The result indicated the domain 1 containing Cys-27 to be the low affinity site for Ca2+.
Effect of hyperglycemia on neuronal changes in a rabbit model of focal cerebral ischemia. (1990)

In clinical medicine, cerebral ischemia is frequently due to a focal, rather than global, insult. The effect of hyperglycemia in focal cerebral ischemia is not well defined. We studied the effect of hyperglycemia on neuropathologic changes in a rabbit model of focal cerebral ischemia. Rabbits were randomized to receive saline (n = 12) or glucose (n = 12) infusions. The left anterior cerebral and left internal carotid arteries were clipped after the infusion began. After 6 hours of occlusion, the area of severe ischemic neuronal damage in the left neocortex and striatum on two standard sections of brain was calculated and expressed as a percentage of the total area of the left cortex or striatum. The mean +/- SEM cortical area of severe ischemic neuronal damage was 22.1 +/- 2.8% in the glucose-treated rabbits and 34.0 +/- 4.6% in the saline-treated rabbits (p less than 0.05). The cortical area of severe ischemic neuronal damage was inversely correlated with plasma glucose concentration at the time of arterial clipping (p less than 0.05). We conclude that hyperglycemia is associated with decreased histologic neuronal injury in this model of focal cerebral ischemia and may be protective when cerebral ischemia occurs from a focal insult.
Euskal Herriko hiriburuetako bilakaera soziolinguistikoa (XIX. Jagon jardunaldia: euskararen biziberritzea Euskal Herriko hiriburuetan) (2015)

Hiru euskal herritarretik bat (1.019.823 pertsona) Euskal Herriko zazpi hiriburuetako batean bizi da. Euskararen ezagutzari dagokionez, baina, gure hiriburuak nahiko erdaldunak dira oro har. Hiriburuetako euskaldunen portzentajea % 40 inguru da kasurik onenean (Donibane Garazin eta Donostian), eta hortik beherakoa gainerako guztietan. Hala ere, ehunekoei baino, kopuruei erreparatzen badiegu, ikusiko dugu euskaldun asko bizi direla hiriburuetan. Izan ere, euskaldun guztien laurdena hiriburu batean bizi da. Euskaldun horien zenbait ezaugarri azaltzea eta hiriburuen artean dauden aldeak ezagutzea da artikuluaren helburua.
Innate oscillations and signal propagation in engineered neuronal circuits (2010)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
The Associations of Habitual Intake of Sulfur Amino Acids, Proteins and Diet Quality with Plasma Sulfur Amino Acid Concentrations: The Maastricht Study (2023)

Targeted dietary modifications might be effective in modifying plasma concentrations of tCys, tHcy, and cystathionine, which have been associated with obesity and cardiometabolic disorders.
The disease sites of female genital cancers of BRCA1/2-associated hereditary breast and ovarian cancer: a retrospective study (2021)

Disease sites of female genital tract cancers of BRCA1/2-associated hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) are less understood than non-hereditary cancers. We aimed to elucidate the disease site distribution of genital cancers in women with the germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variants (BRCA1+ and BRCA2+) of HBOC. For the primary disease site, the proportion of fallopian tube and peritoneal cancer was significantly higher in BRCA2+ (40.5%) compared with BRCA1+ (15.4%) and BRCA- (no pathogenic variant, 12.8%). For the metastatic site, the proportion of peritoneal dissemination was significantly higher in BRCA1+ (71.9%) than BRCA- (55.1%) and not different from BRCA2+ (71.4%). With one of the most extensive patients, this study supported the previous reports showing that the pathogenic variants of BRCA1/2 were involved in the female genitalia's disease sites.
Influence of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and quinolone treatment on prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer (2020)

K. pneumoniae may promote chemoresistance to adjuvant gemcitabine, and quinolone treatment is associated with improved survival.
Learning distance metrics for interactive search-assisted diagnosis of mammograms (2007)

The goal of interactive search-assisted diagnosis (ISAD) is to enable doctors to make more informed decisions about a given case by providing a selection of similar annotated cases. For instance, a radiologist examining a suspicious mass could study labeled mammograms with similar conditions and weigh the outcome of their biopsy results before determining whether to recommend a biopsy. The fundamental challenge in developing ISAD systems is the identification of similar cases, not simply in terms of superficial image characteristics, but in a medically-relevant sense. This task involves three aspects: extraction of a representative set of features, identifying an appropriate measure of similarity in the high-dimensional feature space, and return the most similar matches at interactive speed. The first has been an active research area for several decades. The second has largely been ignored by the medical imaging community. The third can be achieved using the Diamond framework, an open-source platform that enables efficient exploration of large distributed complex data repositories. This paper focuses on the second aspect. We show that the choice of distance metric affects the accuracy of an ISAD system and that machine learning enables the construction of effective domain-specific distance metrics. In the learned distance, data points with the same labels (e.g., malignant masses) are closer than data points with different labels (e.g., malignant vs. benign). Thus, the labels of the near neighbors of a new case are likely to be informative. We present and evaluate several novel methods for distance metric learning and evaluate them on a database involving 2522 mass regions of interest (ROI) extracted from digital mammograms, with ground truth defined by biopsy results (1800 malignant, 722 benign). Our results show that learned distance metrics improve both classification (ROC curve) and retrieval performance.
Carotid artery stenting (2007)

Introduction Since Andreas Grüntzig described the first percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in 1978 (1), the field has progressed immeasurably in both equipment and pharmacotherapy. The overall trend with regard to the latter has been for improved strategies aimed at inhibition of platelet aggregation and the clotting cascade. This has led to better outcomes by reduction of the ischemic complications associated with the procedure.
Analysis of “A New Optimized Percutaneous Access System for CIPII” (2017)

While only used initially in cases with resistance to subcutaneous insulin therapy, intraperitoneal insulin therapy provides an overall more stable glucose control than subcutaneous insulin therapy thanks to its pharmacokinetics as pointed by Garcia-Verdugo et al from the experience of implantable insulin pumps. The expansion of these devices has been limited by underdelivery issues and high cost. The availability of a new percutaneous access to intraperitoneal route could allow a similar glucose control with less constraints of follow-up and expected lower cost. Currently reported clinical experience does not allow a reliable assessment of its main risk of infection which could impair its sustained usability. Because intraperitoneal insulin could allow a fully automated closed-loop insulin delivery, a specific interest for its means of performance is relevant.
Pulsed laser ablation of dental calculus in the near ultraviolet (2014)

Pulsed lasers emitting wavelengths near 400 nm can selectively ablate dental calculus without damaging underlying and surrounding sound dental hard tissue. Our results indicate that calculus ablation at this wavelength relies on the absorption of porphyrins endogenous to oral bacteria commonly found in calculus. Sub- and supragingival calculus on extracted human teeth, irradiated with 400-nm, 60-ns laser pulses at ≤8 J/cm2, exhibits a photobleached surface layer. Blue-light microscopy indicates this layer highly scatters 400-nm photons, whereas fluorescence spectroscopy indicates that bacterial porphyrins are permanently photobleached. A modified blow-off model for ablation is proposed that is based upon these observations and also reproduces our calculus ablation rates measured from laser profilometry. Tissue scattering and a stratified layering of absorbers within the calculus medium explain the gradual decrease in ablation rate from successive pulses. Depending on the calculus thickness, ablation stalling may occur at <5 J/cm2 but has not been observed above this fluence.
Molecular Mechanism of MART-1+/A*0201+ Human Melanoma Resistance to Specific CTL-Killing Despite Functional Tumor–CTL Interaction (2010)

Durable responses in metastatic melanoma patients remain generally difficult to achieve. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with ex vivo engineered lymphocytes expressing high affinity T-cell receptors (TCRα/β) for the melanoma antigen MART-1₂₇₋₃₅/HLA-A*0201 [recognized by F5 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (F5 CTL)] has been found to benefit certain patients. However, many other patients are inherently unresponsive and/or relapse for unknown reasons. To analyze the basis for the acquired resistance and strategies to reverse it, we established F5 CTL-resistant (R) human melanoma clones from relatively sensitive parental lines under selective F5 CTL pressure. Surface MART-1₂₇₋₃₅/HLA-A*0201 in these clones was unaltered and F5 CTLs recognized and interacted with them similar to the parental lines. Nevertheless, the R clones were resistant to F5 CTL killing, exhibited hyperactivation of the NF-κB survival pathway, and overexpression of the antiapoptotic genes B cell lymphoma protein 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 related gene (long alternatively spliced variant of Bcl-x gene; Bcl-(xL)), and myeloid cell differentiation 1 (Mcl-1). Sensitivity to F5 CTL-killing could be increased by pharmacological inhibition of the NF-κB pathway, Bcl-2 family members, or the proteasome, the latter of which reduced NF-κB activity and diminished antiapoptotic gene expression. Specific gene-silencing (by siRNA) confirmed the protective role of antiapoptotic factors by reversing R clone resistance. Together, our findings suggest that long-term immunotherapy may impose a selection for the development of resistant cells that are unresponsive to highly avid and specific melanoma-reactive CTLs, despite maintaining expression of functional peptide:MHC complexes, due to activation of antiapoptotic signaling pathways. Though unresponsive to CTL, our results argue that resistant cells can be resensitized to immunotherapy with coadministration of targeted inhibitors to antiapoptotic survival pathways.
Free-Space Optical Fiber Communication System for Rail-Guided Vehicles Using OFDM Modulation (2021)

We propose a novel visible light communication system for rail-guided industrial vehicles using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. This system implements two types of optical fibers as downlink/uplink communication lines. The purpose of this system is to realize fast real-time communication with hand-over functionality, introducing carrier modulation. A downlink distance of 100 m and uplink distance of 30 m were achieved at the primary modulation of 16QAM 1/2. In our previously reported system, only single-channel communication could be performed. However, the system demonstrated in this study can be effectively applied to fast mobile communication with multiple channels by introducing OFDM modulation. Moreover, hand-over functionality can be easily realized by this system.
Effects of chronic administration of captopril on blood pressure and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in normotensive rats. (1983)

The chronic effects of oral administration of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (captopril, 63-80 mg/Kg/day) on blood pressure and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system were-studied in normotensive male Wistar rats. Blood pressure (BP), plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma renin concentration (PRC), plasma renin substrate concentration (PRS), plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) and renal renin content (RRC) were measured after 2, 9, 19, 29 and 58 days of captopril administration. BP was determined in awake rats and blood samples were obtained by decapitation. In addition, BP responses to bolus injections of angiotensin I (AI, 80 ng/Kg), angiotensin II (AII, 80 ng/Kg) and bradykinin (BK, 10 micrograms/Kg) were examined in conscious rats which had received captopril for 20 days. The BP of the rats which had been given captopril for 9 days or longer was significantly lower than that of the control rats. PRA and PRC were markedly increased, and both PRS and PAC were decreased in the captopril-treated rats. RRC, which was reduced after 2 days of captopril administration, was substantially increased thereafter. Although the pressor responses to AII were similar in the captopril treated and the control rats, the responses to AI were reduced to 50% of those to AII in the former. The depressor responses to BK in the captopril-treated rats were 2.3 times as large as those in the control rats. Our results show that long-term use of captopril lowers BP in normotensive rats on a normal sodium intake.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)