gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Jet noise computation based on enhanced DES formulations accelerating the RANS-to-LES transition in free shear layers (2016)

The paper presents jet noise computations performed using the original and some recently proposed modified formulations of detached-eddy simulation, based on alternative definitions of the subgrid length-scale and/or a modified version of the subgrid Spalart-Allmaras model, which involves the Wall-Adapting Local Eddy-viscosity model. The modifications are aimed at the elimination or, at least, a significant weakening of a known flaw of detached-eddy simulation, namely, the severe delay of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability and transition from fully modeled to mostly resolved turbulence in the free and separated shear layers. This flaw makes the original detached-eddy simulation formulation, in fact, non-applicable to the prediction of the noise of high Reynolds number jet flows when typical grids are used, and has led to the use of Implicit Large-Eddy Simulation instead. Based on examples of application of these modifications to such flows, already available in the literature, they were found capable of resolving the issue and providing quite accurate predictions of the aerodynamic characteristics and turbulent statistics of the high-Re jets. The study performed in the present work allows us to draw a similar conclusion regarding the accuracy of the enhanced detached-eddy simulation formulations in terms of jet-noise prediction. The new formulation gives noise results very close to those of ILES except at the highest frequencies, while being more general and less sensitive to grid resolution. In addition, it removes a (1–3) dB underestimation of the noise spectral maximums for the peak radiation direction, which is typical of ILES on fine grids.
The transition to ventricular fibrillation induced by reperfusion after acute ischemia in the dog: a period of organized epicardial activation. (1981)

Ventricular fibrillation was induced in eight of 10 open-chest dogs by reperfusion after a 15-minute occlusion of the proximal circumflex coronary artery. Simultaneous recordings were made from 27 epicardial electrodes spaced over both ventricles. Analysis of the initial 1.5--2.5 seconds of the transition from sinus rhythm or ventricular tachycardia to fibrillation revealed that ventricular activation occurred in an orderly, rapidly repeating sequence in all hearts. Each activation from arose near the border of the ischemic-reperfused region and passed across the nonischemic portion of the ventricles to the opposite side of the heart as a single, organized wavefront. As the arrhythmia progressed, the time between the appearance of successive activation fronts on the epicardium decreased. Concurrently, the time for each activation front to traverse the ventricles increased. The stimulation increase in rate of appearance and decrease in conduction velocity for each successive cycle resulted in overlapping cycles in which a new activation front arose from the ischemic-reperfused region before the previous front terminated over the right ventricle. The overlap between successive activation fronts increased as the arrhythmia continued. Thus, ventricular activation during the transition to ventricular fibrillation arose near the border of the ischemic-reperfused region and was organized as it passed across the nonischemic tissue, but the body surface ECG appeared disorganized because of variable spacing between successive, coexistent activation fronts.
Immunophenotyping without antibodies: New perspectives for lymphoma characterization (2008)

ISSN:0172-8113
Dissipationless circulating currents and fringe magnetic fields near a single spin embedded in a two-dimensional electron gas (Conference Presentation) (2022)

The combination of spin-orbit coupling with broken spatial inversion symmetry in semiconductors (e.g. zinc-blende quantum-wells and surfaces) and localized spin states originated from a single magnetic defect is a promising system to realize future semiconductor spintronics devices [1]. We present a theory of dissipationless circulating current induced by a magnetic defect in a two-dimensional electron gas with both Bychkov-Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling [1]. The shape and spatial extent of these dissipationless circulating currents depend dramatically on the relative strengths of spin-orbit fields with differing spatial symmetry, offering the potential to use an electric gate to manipulate nanoscale magnetic fields and couple magnetic defects. The spatial structure of the fringing magnetic field emerging from the current is calculated and provides a direct way to measure the spin-orbit fields of the host, as well as the defect spin orientation, through scanning nanoscale magnetometry [3]. [1] Wolfowicz, G., Heremans, F.J., Anderson, C.P. et al. Nat RevMater 6, 906–925 (2021). [2] Da Cruz, A.R. and Flatté, M. E., arXiv:2111.06770 [3] Casola, F. and van der Sar, T. and Yacoby, A. Nature Reviews Materials, 3 (1), 17088 (2018).
Opto-chemical method for ultra-low oxygen transmission rate measurement (2009)

A highly sensitive alternative to established methods for measuring oxygen transmission rates of ultra-barrier membranes is presented. The key idea is the employment of an opto-chemical sensor (a luminescent dye immobilized in a matrix) which has vital advantages over electrochemical sensors, such as consumption-less detection and extraordinary sensitivity. The luminescent response to modulated light, which is altered in the presence of oxygen, is recorded by an opto-electronic instrument in a non-invasive manner. Provided with said sensing system, a reusable stand-alone permeation cell was developed. Unlike in conventional devices, the permeating oxygen is accumulated while being simultaneously monitored. The demonstrator unit achieves a limit of detection in the 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> day <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> bar <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> regime. It is therefore among the most sensitive O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> permeability testers, outperforming commercial instruments by two orders of magnitude, yet offering reusability and similar convenience in operation.
ChemInform Abstract: The Fischer—Tropsch Synthesis: State of the Art and Principles of Catalyst Design (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Heterogeneity in the Magnitude of the Insulin Gene Effect on HLA Risk in Type 1 Diabetes (2004)

There is still uncertainty concerning the joint action of the two established type 1 diabetes susceptibility loci, the HLA class II DQB1 and DRB1 genes (IDDM1) and the insulin gene (INS) promoter (IDDM2). Some previous studies reported independence, whereas others suggested heterogeneity in the relative effects of the genotypes at these disease loci. In this study, we have assessed the combined effects of the HLA-DQB1/DRB1 and INS genotypes in 944 type 1 diabetic patients and 1,023 control subjects, all from Sardinia. Genotype variation at INS significantly influenced disease susceptibility in all HLA genotype risk categories. However, there was a significant heterogeneity (P = 2.4 x 10(-4)) in the distribution of the INS genotypes in patients with different HLA genotypes. The INS predisposing genotype was less frequent (74.9%) in high-risk HLA genotype-positive patients than in those with HLA intermediate-risk (86.1%) and low-risk (84.8%) categories. Gene-gene interaction modeling led to rejection of the additive model, whereas a multiplicative model showed a better, albeit still partial, fit to the observed data. These genetic results are consistent with an interaction between the protein products of the HLA and INS alleles, in which both the affinity of the various HLA class II molecules for a preproinsulin-derived peptide and the levels of this peptide in the thymus act jointly as key regulators of type 1 diabetes autoimmunity.
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Control of Cortical Development (2000)

Recent advances in the study of cerebral cortical early development are described in this chapter. The role of the anterior neural ridge in regulating telencephalon induction in the neural plate is discussed, followed by a review of the evidence for the roles of ventral, rostral and dorsal patterning centres in regulating regionalization of the telencephalon. The patterning centres produce secreted molecules (SHH, FGF, BMP, WNT) that regulate the expression of transcription factors which control regional identity, cell type specification, proliferation and differentiation. These intrinsic patterning mechanisms appear to be sufficient to generate much of the regional organization of the cerebral cortex present in newborn mice. While intrinsic mechanisms have a major role in cortical regionalization and in the production of cortical projection neurons, many cortical interneurons are derived from the basal ganglia and then migrate into the cerebral cortex. Furthermore, thalamic afferents appear to have an important role in maturation of the postnatal rodent cortex. Thus, both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms control development of the cerebral cortex.
The Attentive Perceptron (2010)

We propose a focus of attention mechanism to speed up the Perceptron algorithm. Focus of attention speeds up the Perceptron algorithm by lowering the number of features evaluated throughout training and prediction. Whereas the traditional Perceptron evaluates all the features of each example, the Attentive Perceptron evaluates less features for easy to classify examples, thereby achieving significant speedups and small losses in prediction accuracy. Focus of attention allows the Attentive Perceptron to stop the evaluation of features at any interim point and filter the example. This creates an attentive filter which concentrates computation at examples that are hard to classify, and quickly filters examples that are easy to classify.
Age-Specific Effects on Rat Lung Glutathione and Antioxidant Enzymes after Inhaling Ultrafine Soot (2013)

Vehicle exhaust is rich in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and is a dominant contributor to urban particulate pollution (PM). Exposure to PM is linked to respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in susceptible populations, such as children. PM can contribute to the development and exacerbation of asthma, and this is thought to occur because of the presence of electrophiles in PM or through electrophile generation via the metabolism of PAHs. Glutathione (GSH), an abundant intracellular antioxidant, confers cytoprotection through conjugation of electrophiles and reduction of reactive oxygen species. GSH-dependent phase II detoxifying enzymes glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase facilitate metabolism and conjugation, respectively. Ambient particulates are highly variable in composition, which complicates systematic study. In response, we have developed a replicable ultrafine premixed flame particle (PFP)-generating system for in vivo studies. To determine particle effects in the developing lung, 7-day-old neonatal and adult rats inhaled 22 μg/m(3) PFP during a single 6-hour exposure. Pulmonary GSH and related phase II detoxifying gene and protein expression were evaluated 2, 24, and 48 hours after exposure. Neonates exhibited significant depletion of GSH despite higher initial baseline levels of GSH. Furthermore, we observed attenuated induction of phase II enzymes (glutamate cysteine ligase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase) in neonates compared with adult rats. We conclude that developing neonates have a limited ability to deviate from their normal developmental pattern that precludes adequate adaptation to environmental pollutants, which results in enhanced cytotoxicity from inhaled PM.
Utilisation de stents ou de clips endoscopiques pour les fistules anastomotiques après chirurgie colorectale: une alternative valide? (2011)

Introduction: Les fistules anastomotiques après chirurgie colorectale nécessitent souvent une reprise chirurgicale ou un drainage percutané. Le traitement endoscopique utilisé pour les fistules oeso-jéjéunale a récemment été décrit comme une alternative mini-invasive possible après chirurgie colorectale, mais les expériences sont anecdotiques.
A Ratiometric Dual Color Luciferase Reporter for Fast Characterization of Transcriptional Regulatory Elements in Plants (2021)

Plant synthetic biology requires precise characterization of genetic elements to construct complex genetic circuits that can improve plant traits or confer them with new characteristics. Transcriptional reporter assays are essential to quantify the effect of gene expression regulator elements. Additionally, transcriptional reporter systems are a key tool in understanding control of gene expression in biology. In this work, we construct and characterize a dual color luciferase ratiometric reporter system that possesses several advantages over currently used reporters. It is ratiometric, thus reducing variability and increasing consistency between experiments; it is fast, as both reporters can be measured at the same time in a single reaction, and it is less expensive to perform than current dual luciferase reporter assays. We have validated our system quantifying the transcriptional capability of a panel of promoters and terminators commonly used in synthetic biology with a broad range of expression magnitudes, and in a biologically relevant system, nitrate response.
Effects of bone density in the time-dependent mechanical properties of human cortical bone by nanoindentation (2014)

"Effects of bone density in the time-dependent mechanical properties of human cortical bone by nanoindentation." Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 17(sup1), pp. 34–35Keywords:: cortical bonedensitynanoindentationtime dependent AcknowledgementsThis project is co-financed by the European Union engaged in Picardie with the European Regional Development Fund and CNRS (grant Collegium UTC CNRS INSIS).
Evaluation of the electronic properties of perfluorophenyl functionalized quinolines and their hybrids with carbon nanostructures (2016)

Hybrid materials based on perfluorophenyl functionalized quinolines directly attached onto the sp(2) hybridized surface of carbon nanostructures have been prepared and studied herein along with their precursor semiconducting small molecules. Tails of different polarities have been used so that the molecules would present improved solubility and controllable affinity for the selected substrates. These materials were evaluated for their electronic and electrochemical properties for potential application in organic photovoltaic solar cells (OPVs), using UPS, XPS and CV measurements after deposition onto oxygen plasma cleaned Si wafers or solvent treated ITO coated glass. A weak interaction between the fluorine atoms and both the Si and the ITO substrates was observed by XPS. The extent of this interfacial interaction was found to be related to the orientation of the quinoline moieties on the organic layer. Moreover, the combination of XPS and UPS analyses showed that the absolute energy value of the HOMO level increased as the amount of surface fluorine atoms increased. CV measurements revealed that hybridisation of the small molecules with carbon nanostructures decreases the materials' energy gap and increases the absolute energy value of the LUMO level. These features prove the efficiency of the proposed method to produce materials with controlled energy levels for solar cell devices.
On the Hardness of Subset Sum Problem from Different Intervals (2012)

The subset sum problem, which is often called as the knapsack problem, is known as an NP-hard problem, and there are several cryptosystems based on the problem. Assuming an oracle for shortest vector problem of lattice, the low-density attack algorithm by Lagarias and Odlyzko and its variants solve the subset sum problem efficiently, when the “density” of the given problem is smaller than some threshold. When we define the density in the context of knapsack-type cryptosystems, weights are usually assumed to be chosen uniformly at random from the same interval. In this paper, we focus on general subset sum problems, where this assumption may not hold. We assume that weights are chosen from different intervals, and make analysis of the effect on the success probability of above algorithms both theoretically and experimentally. Possible application of our result in the context of knapsack cryptosystems is the security analysis when we reduce the data size of public keys.
The First (1991) International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Edinburgh 11-Aug 1991. "Towards and Improved Wave Force Equation" (1991)

An extension to the Morison equation is proposed to improve wave force prediction. A comparison is made between the performance of Morison's equation and the extended model in curve-fitting to measured time data: both regular oscillatory flows in a U-tube and irregular oscillatory flows in a wave flume are considered.
P‐6.3: The Impact of Thin Film Shadow on Organic Light ‐ Emitting Diode Flexible Encapsulation (2019)

Organic Light ‐ Emitting Diode (OLED) displays are characterized by ultra‐thin, ultra‐clear, spontaneous light, high definition, low cost of preparation and flexible display. In recent years, flexible OLED has become a hot topic in flat panel display industry. Thin film encapsulation (TFE) plays a key role in flexible OLED [1,2]. The inorganic layer part of flexible encapsulation is generally prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) for SiNx or SiON . The quality of inorganic thin film directly affects the service life‐time of OLED devices, It is mainly influenced by Particle, shadow effect, stress, refractive index, thickness and other factors, among which several factors besides the shadow effect of thin films have been widely studied. As we all know, shadow effect exists in any film, but for inorganic layer in flexible encapsulation, whether the shadow effect of the thin film will affect its encapsulation effect. This paper will explore the influence of thin film shadow effect on encapsulation effect and device life. The shadow of the thin film varies from a few microns to several hundred microns in the existing devices. In this paper, a special device structure design is used to control the size of film shadow. We will produce OLED samples of different shadow sizes. It can be seen from the test results in the 85 °C and 85% RH for 240h that the smaller the Shadow of PECVD thin film is, the less likely it is to lose efficacy. In this paper, by effectively controlling the shadow size of the thin film, flexible OLED devices with better performance and longer service life are obtained. At last, more tests are needed in order to get a more precise investigation.
Characterization of methyl-doped silicon oxide film deposited using Flowfill™ chemical vapor deposition technology (2002)

In this article, methyl-doped silicon oxide films deposited using Flowfill™ chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technology have been chracterized for use in inter-layer dielectrics application. Films with different methyl concentrations were deposited and characterized in order to study the effect of methyl concentration on film properties. Material properties including chemical composition and bonding structure, density, dielectric constant (κ), refractive index, thermal stability, resistance to moisture absorption, leakage current, and hardness were investigated. The films have a κ as low as 2.7 and were found to be thermally stable up to 550 °C. They show excellent resistance to moisture absorption. Low-leakage current and breakdown voltage higher than 3 MV/cm were obtained. Their hardness is lower than silicon oxide deposited using plasma-enhanced CVD but is higher than most polymer and nanoporous low-dielectric constant (low-κ) materials. The chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) characteristics of these films and their stability under plasma treatments were also studied. Film’s CMP removal rate decreases as the methyl concentration in film increases. An atomically smooth surface with root mean square surface roughness &amp;lt;1 nm over a 10×10 μm area was obtained after CMP. This film remains stable under nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2) plasma but is damaged by oxygen (O2) plasma.
ADP Binding Proteins in Thrombasthenic Platelet Membranes (1977)

Thrombasthenia is a severe congenital platelet disorder characterized by absence of ADP-induced platelet aggregation, diminished clot retraction and abnormalities of platelet membrane glycoproteins. The finding of normal ADP-induced shape change suggests that initial ADP binding might be normal. We have previously shown that the synthetic ADP analogue 5′-p-fluorosul-fonylbenzoyladenosine (5′FSBA) inhibits ADP-induced platelet shape change and covalently binds to specific proteins in normal platelet membranes. This affinity label was thus used to identify ADP binding proteins in platelet membranes from a patient with thrombasthenia. Isolated platelet membranes were incubated with 3H-5′-FSBA (0.1μM) at 37°C for 1 hr. then dissolved in 19% SDS, 8M urea, and 0.2M dithiothreitol, and subjected to SDS disc gel electrophoresis. The radiochromatograms of disc gels from 16 normal individuals demonstrated consistent labelling of polypeptides of 200, 120, 100, and 43 χ 103 daltons. The covalent binding was almost completely prevented by simultaneous incubation with a 100-fold excess of ADP or ATP, only partially prevented by AMP, adenosine and GDP, and was unaffected by UDP, thrombin, and epinephrine. When 5′FSBA was incubated with membranes from thrombasthenic platelets, the incorporation was identical to that found in normal membranes. Further the SDS-disc gel pattern showed the same 4 radiolabelled polypeptides despite the characteristic thrombasthenic membrane protein abnormalities. These experiments demonstrate that the ADP binding proteins of thrombasthenic platelet membranes are similar to those of normals and support the concept that the defect in thrombasthenia occurs subsequent to initial ADP binding.