gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Application of a Free Volume Model to Lubricant Rheology I—Dependence of Viscosity on Temperature and Pressure (1984)

Analyses of the dependence of lubricant viscosity on temperature and pressure, μ(T,P), have been carried out by using a modified WLF equation in which pressure effects on viscosity are given in terms of the pressure dependence of the glass transition temperature, Tg, and of thermal expansivity of free volume, αf. logμ(T,P)=logμg−C1•(T−Tg(P))•F(P)C2+(T−Tg(P))•F(P) where C1 and C2 are well known WLF constants, and μg is a viscosity at Tg. Tg(P) and F(P) are functions for describing the pressure dependence of Tg and αf, respectively. On the basis of the iso-viscous concept for Tg(P), μg has been assumed to have a constant value, 1 TPa•s, at any pressure (SCHEME I). SCHEME I yields a reasonable variation in Tg and αf with pressure for synthetic lubricants, while this analysis suggests a lower μg for mineral oils. In order to improve the applicability of the free volume model, a reference temperature Ts(P), at which the viscosity is 10 MPa•s, has been introduced instead of Tg(P) (SCHEME II). Analyses of dielectric transition for some lubricants and of μ(T,P) in the ASME Pressure-Viscosity Report have confirmed the excellent applicability of the present free volume model over wide ranges of temperature and pressure.
Silica Nanoparticles With Encapsulated DNA (SPED) to Trace the Spread of Pathogens in Healthcare (2021)

Abstract Background: To establish effective infection control protocols, understanding pathogen transmission pathways is essential. Non-infectious surrogate tracers may safely explore these pathways and challenge pre-existing assumptions. We used silica nanoparticles with encapsulated DNA (SPED) for the first time in a real-life hospital setting to investigate potential transmission routes of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the context of a prolonged outbreak. Methods: The two study experiments took place in the 900-bed University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland. A three-run ‘Patient experiment’ investigated pathogen transmission via toilet seats in a two-patient room with shared bathroom. First, various predetermined body and fomite sites in a two-bed patient room were probed at baseline. Then, after the first patient was contaminated with SPED at the subgluteal region, both patients sequentially performed a toilet routine. All sites were consequently swabbed again for SPED contamination. Eight hours later, further spread was tested at predefined sites in the patient room and throughout the ward. A two-run ‘Mobile device experiment’ explored the potential transmission by mobile phones and stethoscopes in a quasi-realistic setting. All SPED contamination statuses and levels were determined by real-time qPCR. Results: Over all three runs, the ‘Patient experiment’ yielded SPED in 59 of 73 (80.8 %) predefined body and environmental sites. Specifically, positivity rates were 100 % on subgluteal skin, toilet seats, tap handles, and entertainment devices, the initially contaminated patients’ hands; 83.3 % on patient phones and bed controls; 80 % on intravenous pumps; 75 % on toilet flush plates and door handles, and 0 % on the initially not contaminated patients’ hands. SPED spread as far as doctor’s keyboards (66.6 %), staff mobile phones (33.3 %) and nurses’ keyboards (33.3 %) after eight hours. The ‘Mobile device experiment’ resulted in 16 of 22 (72.7 %) positive follow-up samples, and transmission to the second patient occurred in one of the two runs. Conclusions: For the first time SPED were used to investigate potential transmission pathways in a real hospital setting. The results suggest that, in the absence of targeted cleaning, toilet seats and mobile devices may result in widespread transmission of pathogens departing from one contaminated patient skin region.
NIBS2020 poster Q+A (2021)

This manuscript groups together all the text based Questions and Answers (Q+A) from the poster presentations at NIBS2020.
Transferrins (2007)

The sections in this article are 1 Introduction 2 The Role of NMR in the Chemistry of Transferrins: Achievements 3 The Role of NMR in the Chemistry of Transferrins: Future Prospects 4 Biographical Sketches Related Articles
Efficient Calculation of Expected Miss Ratios in the Independent Reference Model (1978)

In the independent reference model of program behavior, King’s formulas for the expected FIFO (“first-in-first-out”) and expected LRU (“least-recently-used”) miss ratios each contain an exponential number of terms (very roughly $n^{{\text{CAP}}} $, where n is the number of pages and CAP is the capacity of main memory). Hence, under the straightforward algorithms, these formulas are computationally intractable. We present an algorithm which is both efficient (there are $O(n \cdot {\text{CAP}})$ additions, multiplications, and divisions) and provably numerically stable, for calculating the expected FIFO miss ratio. In the case of LRU, we present an efficient method, based on an urn model, for obtaining an unbiased estimate of the expected LRU miss ratio (the method requires $O(n \cdot {\text{CAP}})$ additions and comparisons, and $O({\text{CAP}})$ divisions and random number generations).
Proposed Link Criteria For Optical ISLs (1987)

ISDN standards are examined in order to estimate performance criteria that will be required for optical ISLs. To make the estimates, a percentage of the degradation allowed for the end-to-end link is assigned to the ISL and a simplified model of antenna pointing errors are used. Two criteria are found to be sufficient to meet ISDN standards. The first criterion is that the probability of a burst error with a BER greater than 3 x 10-2 must be less than 1.6 x 10-7. The second criterion is that the sum of (a) the average BER (exclusive of burst errors) and (b) 8 x 1O the probability of burst errors (having BERs greater than 8 x 10-3) plus the average BER (exclusive of burst errors) must be less than 6 x 10-8. The impact of these criteria, which depend upon the bandwidth of the tracking subsystem, are examined for several links of differing noise equivalent angles and laser powers. It is concluded that optical ISLs should be able to meet the ISDN standards if noise from the tracking detector is the dominant source of pointing errors.
Silicone Nanocapsules Templated Inside the Membranes of Catanionic Vesicles (2007)

A simple and effective way to synthesize hollow silicone resin particles of controlled diameter is presented. The synthesis utilizes catanionic vesicles as templates for the polycondensation/polymerization processes of 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4H) within their membranes. Two different surfactant systems were used to form the vesicular templates: mixtures of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) in the cationic (the DTAB/SDBS system) or anionic (the SDBS/DTAB system) rich region of the phase diagram. The templates obtained from these surfactant mixtures form spontaneously unilamellar vesicles in aqueous solution. The vesicular templates swell upon addition of D4H, thus increasing their size. The silicone resin was obtained in acid- or base-catalyzed polycondensation and ring-opening polymerization processes of D4H. In the case of the DTAB/SDBS system the formation of a densely cross-linked silicone material with SiO3/2 units allowed the nanocapsules to retain the vesicular shape after removal of the template, whereas in the SDBS/DTAB system, the polymer produces capsules which are too smooth to support surfactant lysis. The morphology of the silicone nanocapsules was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and, in some cases, atomic force microscopy (AFM). TEM and AFM reveal discrete hollow particles with a small amount of linked or aggregated hollow silica shells.
High-throughput mapping of meiotic crossover and chromosome mis-segregation events in interspecific hybrid mice (2018)

Abstract We developed “sci-LIANTI”, a high-throughput, high-coverage single-cell DNA sequencing method that combines single-cell combinatorial indexing (“sci”) and linear amplification via transposon insertion (“LIANTI”). To characterize rare chromosome mis-segregation events in male meiosis and their relationship to the landscape of meiotic crossovers, we applied sci-LIANTI to profile the genomes of 6,928 sperm and sperm precursors from infertile, interspecific F1 male mice. From 1,663 haploid and 292 diploid cells, we mapped 24,672 crossover events and identified genomic and epigenomic contexts that influence crossover hotness. Surprisingly, we observed frequent mitotic chromosome segregation during meiosis. Moreover, segregation during meiosis in individual cells was highly biased towards either mitotic or meiotic events. We anticipate that sci-LIANTI can be applied to fully characterize various recombination landscapes, as well as to other fields requiring high-throughput, high-coverage single-cell genome sequencing. One Sentence Summary Single-cell genome sequencing maps crossover and non-meiotic chromosome segregation during spermatogenesis in interspecific hybrid mice.
Risk Factors for Lymphedema in a Prospective Breast Cancer Survivorship Study (2010)

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) during the early survivorship period, and demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors associated with BCRL development. DESIGN: The Pathways Study, a prospective cohort study of breast cancer survivors with a mean follow-up of 20.9 months. SETTING: Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) Medical Care Program. PARTICIPANTS: 997 women diagnosed from January 2006 to October 2007 with primary invasive breast cancer and at least 21 years of age at diagnosis, had no prior history of any cancer, and spoke English, Spanish, or Chinese. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical indication of BCRL as determined from outpatient or hospitalization diagnostic codes, outpatient procedural codes, and durable medical equipment orders. RESULTS: 133 women (13.3%) had a clinical indication of BCRL, with a mean time to diagnosis of 8.3 months (range: 0.7–27.3). Being African American (HR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.00–3.72) or more educated (p trend = 0.03) was associated with an increased risk of BCRL. Removal of at least one lymph node (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02–1.07) was associated with increased risk, yet no significant association was observed for type of lymph node surgery. Being obese at breast cancer diagnosis was suggestive of an elevated risk (HR = 1.43; 95% CI: 0.88–2.31). CONCLUSIONS: In a large cohort study, BCRL occurs among a substantial proportion of early breast cancer survivors. Our findings agree with previous studies on the increased risk of BCRL with removal of lymph nodes and being obese, yet point to differential risk by race/ethnicity.
The Performance of Patient-reported Outcome Measures as Diagnostic Tools for Eustachian Tube Dysfunction (2018)

The CETDA and ETDQ-7 are not disease-specific and cannot distinguish obstructive from patulous ETD subtypes. A relatively weak correlation between sonotubometry and tubomanometry results, PROM scores, and the clinical diagnosis suggests that a varied core set of outcome measures is required to monitor response to treatments for ETD.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of 3‐Zircona‐1‐cyclopentenes and Zirconacyclopentanes with Aldehydes. A Selective and Convenient Synthesis of 4‐Penten‐1‐ols, (Z)‐ 5‐Iodo‐4‐penten‐1‐ols, and Related Alkanols. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
With a Little Help from My Friends: The Role of Intraoperative Fluorescent Dyes in the Surgical Management of High-Grade Gliomas (2018)

High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are the most frequent primary malignant brain tumors in adults, which lead to death within two years of diagnosis. Maximal safe resection of malignant gliomas as the first step of multimodal therapy is an accepted goal in malignant glioma surgery. Gross total resection has an important role in improving overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), but identification of tumor borders is particularly difficult in HGGS. For this reason, imaging adjuncts, such as 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) or fluorescein sodium (FS) have been proposed as superior strategies for better defining the limits of surgical resection for HGG. 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is implicated as precursor in the synthetic pathway of heme group. Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) is an intermediate compound of heme metabolism, which produces fluorescence when excited by appropriate light wavelength. Malignant glioma cells have the capacity to selectively synthesize or accumulate 5-ALA-derived porphyrins after exogenous administration of 5-ALA. Fluorescein sodium (FS), on the other hand, is a fluorescent substance that is not specific to tumor cells but actually it is a marker for compromised blood-brain barrier (BBB) areas. Its effectiveness is confirmed by multicenter phase-II trial (FLUOGLIO) but lack of randomized phase III trial data. We conducted an analytic review of the literature with the objective of identifying the usefulness of 5-ALA and FS in HGG surgery in adult patients.
An unusual form of primary systemic amyloidosis: amyloid elastosis: report of a case treated by haematopoietic cell transplantation (2003)

Amyloid elastosis is a rare variant of primary systemic amyloidosis characterized by amyloid deposited around elastic fibres. Only two cases, with pseudoxanthoma elasticum-like features and fatal outcome, have been reported. A 56-year-old woman presented with polyneuropathy and a diffuse plane xanthoma-like eruption. Light and electron microscopy studies revealed deposits of amyloid L encasing either normal-looking or short, fragmented elastic fibres in the dermis in a pattern characteristic of amyloid elastosis. The patient had medullary plasmocytosis with lambda light chain restricted expression and underwent autologous stem cell transplantation, which resulted in progressive regression of mucocutaneous signs and stabilization of the polyneuropathy. Our case extends the spectrum of clinical and histopathological presentations of amyloid elastosis. Haematopoietic cell transplantation might improve outcome in patients with multisystem disease.
Etude de la structure rotationnelle de la bande<i>v</i><sub>3</sub>de<sup>32</sup>S<sup>16</sup>O<sub>2</sub>de 1334 à 1382 cm<sup>-1</sup> (1975)

Abstract Le spectre d'absorption de la bande v 3 de SO2 a été enregistré sur un spectromètre à grilles, dont la résolution dans cette région est de l'ordre de 0,07 cm-1. Nous présentons ici le spectre ainsi que l'identification des raies qui y apparaissent. Le centre de la bande (v 0 = 1362,0295 cm-1) ainsi que les constantes rotationnelles relatives au niveau supérieur de la transition sont déterminés par une méthode itérative de moindres carrés. Nos résultats sont en bon accord avec ceux obtenus par spectroscopie micro-ondes. The v 3 infra-red absorption band of SO2 has been recorded with a ONERA ‘Dual grille’ spectrometer with a resolution of 0·07 cm-1. The whole spectrum and the wavenumbers of the lines are given. The band centre (v 0 = 1362·0295 cm-1) and the rotational constants of the upper state are calculated by a least-squares method. Our results are in good agreement with those obtained from microwave data.
Abstract PR04: Integration of CRISPR-Cas9, RNAi and pharmacologic screens identify actionable targets in a rare cancer (2016)

Abstract Loss-of-function screening using RNAi technologies over the past decade and more recently with CRISPR-Cas9 technologies have been applied to well-established cancer models. We asked if minimally passaged cancer models would tolerate such screening modalities, particularly perturbations focused on actionable drug targets. We have established a patient derived model, CLF-PED-015-T, as a proof of concept to test this question. After validating that the cell line retains the major genomic, transcriptomic and tumorigenic properties of the tissue it was derived from, we then performed systematic genetic screens using both CRISPR-Cas9 and RNAi to identify potentially actionable vulnerabilities. We then overlapped this with pharmacologic screens. We identified dependencies to CDK4 and XPO1 that spanned all three screens. These dependencies have subsequently validated in an in vivo model. These results suggest use of such technologies at early stages of patient derived model development is feasible. This abstract is also being presented as Poster B14. Citation Format: Andrew L. Hong, Yuen-Yi Tseng, Glenn Cowley, Oliver Jonas, Jaime Cheah, Mihir Doshi, Bryan Kynnap, Coyin Oy, Paula Keskula, Gregory Kryukov, Michael Cima, Robert Langer, Stuart Schreiber, David Root, Jesse Boehm, William Hahn. Integration of CRISPR-Cas9, RNAi and pharmacologic screens identify actionable targets in a rare cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Patient-Derived Cancer Models: Present and Future Applications from Basic Science to the Clinic; Feb 11-14, 2016; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(16_Suppl):Abstract nr PR04.
RF MEMS Waveguide Switch (2004)

This paper presents a novel concept for an RF microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) waveguide switch. The proposed switch employs a ridge waveguide integrated with MEMS rotary actuators based on a thermal plastic deformation approach. The switch promises to be useful in high-power applications, as well as in millimeter-wave applications. Two switch implementations are presented: one with a waveguide interface and the other with a coplanar-waveguide interface for wide-band applications. Electromagnetic simulation results are presented showing the ultimate potential of the proposed concept. Both switch implementations have been fabricated and tested. The achievable measured results are very encouraging and demonstrate the feasibility of such novel types of MEMS switches. The power-handling capability of the switch is also investigated both theoretically and experimentally.
Suprabasal expression of a dominant-negative RXR alpha mutant in transgenic mouse epidermis impairs regulation of gene transcription and basal keratinocyte proliferation by RAR-selective retinoids. (1997)

To determine whether 9-cis retinoic acid receptors (RXRs) regulate the biological activity of all-trans retinoic acid (tRA) and its receptors (RARs) in skin, we have targeted a dominant-negative RXR alpha (dnRXR alpha) lacking transactivation function AF-2 to differentiated suprabasal keratinocytes in the epidermis of transgenic mice. Driven by the suprabasal-specific keratin-10 gene promoter, expression of dnRXR alpha severely reduced the ability of RAR-selective ligands tRA and CD367 to induce epidermal mRNA levels of the CRABPII, CRBPI, and CRBPII genes, which contain RA-responsive elements (RAREs) DR1 and/or DR2. It also reduced gene-specific, synergistic induction of CRBPI mRNA by a combination of CD367 and RXR-selective SR11237. Like endogenous RXR alpha, dnRXR alpha in epidermal nuclear extracts from the transgenic mice competitively formed heterodimers with endogenous RAR gamma on RAREs, suggesting that dnRXR alpha impairs retinoid signaling by competing with endogenous RAR gamma-RXR alpha heterodimers. Histologically, the epidermis of dnRXR alpha mice showed no detectable developmental abnormalities. Surprisingly, in adult animals, the suprabasal expression of dnRXR alpha significantly reduced the ability of topically applied tRA to stimulate proliferation of undifferentiated keratinocytes in the basal layer of epidermis. RXR-selective ligands alone had no detectable effects on both normal and transgenic mouse epidermis. Accordingly, we suggest that in vivo: (1) in suprabasal keratinocytes, retinoids regulate gene transcription via RAR-RXR heterodimers in which RAR confers a predominant ligand response, whereas RXR AF-2 is required for liganded RAR AF-2 to efficiently trans-activate target genes, and (2) this suprabasal RXR-assisted mechanism indirectly regulates proliferation of basal keratinocytes likely via intercellular signaling.
Supplementary Data from Silencing Survivin Splice Variant 2B Leads to Antitumor Activity in Taxane-Resistant Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures S1-S5; Supplementary Table S1.&lt;/p&gt;
Laminar Drag Reduction in Microchannels Using Ultrahydrophobic Surfaces (2003)

4635-4643
Backpropagating Errors (2018)

The University of California, San Diego, founded in 1960, has grown into a major center for biomedical research. It inaugurated a Department of Cognitive Science in 1986, the first of its kind in the world.
 1 David Rumelhart (figure 8.1) was already a distinguished mathematical and cognitive psychologist who had worked within the symbolic, rule-based tradition that was dominant in artificial intelligence research during the 1970s. When I first met David in 1979 at the workshop organized by Geoffrey Hinton at UC, San Diego, he was pioneering a new approach to human psychology that he and James McClelland called “parallel distributed processing” (PDP). David thought deeply about problems and often made insightful comments.
A 46-channel Vector Stimulator with 50mV Worst-Case Common-Mode Artifact for Low-Latency Adaptive Closed-Loop Neuromodulation (2021)

Neural implants for closed-loop therapeutic neuromodulation - recording, processing, and delivering state and activity dependent neural stimulation to targeted regions of interest (ROIs) in the brain - are emerging as critical enablers of ground-breaking treatments of a wide range of neurological diseases and disorders. While existing systems deliver electrical stimulation by placing electrodes in close proximity to target neurons, the capability for low-latency configurable stimulation that is spatially localized remains unrealized. Meanwhile, architectures that enable uninterrupted recording, maintain high voltage compliance and achieve excellent charge balance remain critical for implantable stimulators.
Which Lower Limb Frontal Plane Sensory and Motor Functions Predict Gait Speed and Efficiency on Uneven Surfaces in Older Persons With Diabetic Neuropathy? (2012)

The rapid generation of strength in the frontal plane at the hip and ankle is responsible for the successful negotiation of irregular surfaces in older persons. Age demonstrated no independent influence. Training regimens in older persons should include maneuvers that rapidly develop strength in hip adductors and ankle invertors if navigation of uneven surfaces is a functional goal.
Old experiments in new light: Young's double-slit and Stern-Gerlach experiments in liquid crystal microcavities (2021)

Spin-orbit interactions which couple spin of a particle with its momentum degrees of freedom lie at the center of spintronic applications. Of special interest in semiconductor physics are Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling (SOC). When equal in strength, the Rashba and Dresselhaus fields result in SU(2) spin rotation symmetry and emergence of the persistent spin helix (PSH) only investigated for charge carriers in semiconductor quantum wells. Recently, a synthetic Rashba-Dresselhaus Hamiltonian was shown to describe cavity photons confined in a microcavity filled with optically anisotropic liquid crystal. In this work, we present a purely optical realisation of two types of spin patterns corresponding to PSH and the Stern-Gerlach experiment in such a cavity. We show how the symmetry of the Hamiltonian results in spatial oscillations of the spin orientation of photons travelling in the plane of the cavity.
Functional near‐infrared spectroscopy study of the neural correlates between auditory environments and intellectual work performance (2018)

Task performance was closely related to the subjects' feelings of pleasantness to the noise. The results of the analysis of the CBF changes and functional connectivity suggested that the effects of the white noise on brain activity differed among the three groups.