gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO ECONÔMICA DA UTILIZAÇÃO DO TRATAMENTO SELETIVO NAS INFECÇÕES PARASITÁRIAS EM OVINOS (2020)

A ovinocultura é uma considerável fonte de renda para pequenos produtores, como também importante para a produção e exportação de produtos como carne, leite e seus derivados, e lã. Considerando que as helmintoses gastrintestinais em pequenos ruminantes estão listadas como uma das principais causas de diminuição na produção, elas também são responsáveis pelo alto gasto com produtos anti-helmínticos. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi comparar o custo-benefício da implementação do tratamento seletivo para o controle das endoparasitoses em comparação com o tratamento sistemático em todo o rebanho. A propriedade estudada está situada no município de Colombo, região metropolitana de Curitiba. A propriedade apresenta 30 matrizes mestiças das raças Texel e Île-de-France e um reprodutor, trocado a cada ano, também das respectivas raças. As ovelhas são criadas em sistema semi-intensivo, com pastagem nativa e suplementadas com silagem e concentrado. Previamente ao início da rotina de acompanhamento da propriedade, foi realizado o teste de redução na contagem de ovos nas fezes para a determinação do anti-helmíntico eficaz na população parasitária e consequentemente o utilizado no tratamento seletivo. O medicamento Levamisol apresentou a melhor eficácia (88%). Foram realizadas análises mensais durantes os meses de fevereiro até dezembro do ano de 2019, anotando o custo das doses de anti-helmíntico com a utilização do tratamento seletivo (análise real dos dados) e em relação ao custo do tratamento sistemático (análise hipotética). Para a análise hipotética dos custos do tratamento, foram selecionados seis princípios ativos mais utilizados na região, sendo: ivermectina, monopantel, moxidectina, nitroxinil e levamisol. Estabeleceu-se uma média de peso de 60 kg para a determinação da dosagem. O cálculo do tratamento sistemático por princípio ativo foi realizado através da seguinte fórmula: nº de animais avaliados no mês x dosagem de cada princípio ativo x o valor do princípio ativo. Os animais que receberam tratamento seletivo foram os que apresentaram FAMACHA 3, 4 ou 5, escore corporal menor que 2 e sinal clínico de edema submandibular. Em comparação com o tratamento seletivo (R$7,25), todos os grupos de tratamento sistemático apresentaram maior custo com anti-helmínticos. Os grupos apresentaram as seguintes médias de custo, albendazol com R$7,71, levamisol R$11,34, ivermectina R$15,42, moxidectina R$18,15, nitroxinil R$25,86 e monopantel que demonstrou maior diferença com custo médio de R$206,80. Notamos essa maior diferença no último composto principalmente por ser o com maior valor do mercado. É perceptível que mesmo em produtos com preços parecidos e no caso do levamisol o mesmo, o tratamento seletivo demonstrou ser o mais econômico. Baseado nos resultados descritos e associado com bem-estar do rebanho e controle de resistência parasitária já relatados no sistema de tratamento seletivo, esse é o modo de controle parasitário mais indicado, afim de obter vantagens econômicas e bem-estar animal.
Reaction mechanism studies on the zirconium chloride–water atomic layer deposition process (2002)

Reaction mechanisms in the zirconium chloride–water atomic layer deposition (ALD) process have been studied with a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) at 250–500 °C. The only observed reaction byproduct was HCl. Both the growth rate and the amount of reaction byproduct were the highest at 300 °C as measured with QCM and QMS, respectively. The reaction temperature had no major effect on the reaction mechanism: half of the chloride ligands were released during the ZrCl4 pulse and the other half during the water pulse. However, at higher temperatures the process was slowly moving towards a mechanism where only one chlorine is released during the zirconium pulse and the other three during the D2O pulse. This was suggested to be due to a lowered amount of OD groups on the surface at high temperatures. The results were compared with the earlier TiO2, ZrO2 and HfO2 ALD processes.
The EBF/Olf/Collier Family of Transcription Factors: Regulators of Differentiation in Cells Originating from All Three Embryonal Germ Layers (2002)

One major mechanism for achieving cell-type-specific functions in somatic cells is the differential usage of stage- and tissue-specific genes. This is in large part regulated by transcription factors that interact directly with DNA elements controlling transcription of these genes. Several groups of transcription factors with key roles in cellular differentiation and function have been characterized, and the list of transactivating proteins with crucial functions in vivo is continuously growing. One group of evolutionarily conserved proteins with defined roles in a large variety of species are the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins (42, 44). These factors are involved in a large number of differentiation processes, including such diverse events as sex determination in Drosophila melanogaster and B-lymphopoiesis in mice (9, 15, 38, 42, 48). In 1993, two independent reports presented a novel type of HLH protein with a dimerization domain containing two helices with homology to the second helix of the classical bHLH protein dimerization domain, but with a different type of DNA binding domain (DBD). This factor was cloned both in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae one-hybrid experiment designed to identify factors interacting with the olfactory-restricted olfactory marker protein-1 (OMP-1) promoter (69), and by biochemical purification of a factor interacting with the B-lymphocyte-restricted mb-1 promoter (27). It was accordingly named Olf-1, or early B-cell factor (EBF), which in turn led to the designation of the factor as O/E-1. Later reports showed that mice expressed at least three more members of this family, EBF2 (mMot1/O/E-3), EBF3 (O/E-2) (23, 40, 71), and O/E-4 (70), with a high degree of similarity in the DNA-binding and dimerization domains. Isolation of the O/E homologue Collier from D. melanogaster (12) provided a proof of principle for the existence of a new family of evolutionarily conserved proteins, and family members have now been cloned in several species (7, 17, 24, 27, 46, 52, 69) (Table ​(Table1).1). The biological roles of this protein family are beginning to be unraveled, and here we are compiling some of the available information about the roles of Collier/Olf/EBF (COE) proteins to give an overview of the known functions of this protein family in specific model systems and in different model species.



TABLE 1.

COE proteins identified to datea
MicroRNA-224 Induces G1/S Checkpoint Release in Liver Cancer (2015)

Profound changes in microRNA (miR) expression levels are frequently found in liver cancers compared to the normal liver. In this study, we evaluate the expression of miR-224 in human HCC and CCA, as well as its downstream targets and affected pathways. We show that miR-224 is upregulated in a large cohort of human CCA, similar to its upregulation in human HCC. For the purpose of studying the roles of miR-224 in HCC and CCA, we enforced miR-224 expression in cells. mRNA arrays followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA)-identified putative molecules and pathways downstream of miR-224. Phenotypically, we report that enforced expression of miR-224 increases the growth rate of normal cholangiocytes, CCA cell lines, and HCC cell lines. In addition, we identified, in an unbiased fashion, that one of the major biologic processes affected by miR-224 is Gap1 (G1) to Synthesis (S) transition checkpoint release. We next identified p21, p15, and CCNE1 as downstream targets of miR-224 and confirmed the coordinated downregulation results in the increased phosphorylation of Retinoblastoma (Rb) with resulting G1/S checkpoint release. Our data suggest that miR-224 is a master regulator of cell cycle progression, and that its overexpression results in G1/S checkpoint release followed by accelerated cell growth.
The magnetic structure of nanodisks with a crown (2011)

We investigate the magnetic properties of arrays composed of Pd/Co/Pd nanodisks with diameters of 450, 650, and 850 nm, respectively, and having crowns fabricated by means of electron-beam lithography. The experimental results show that vortex nucleation and the annihilation of critical fields decrease as nanostructure diameter increases. A feature of the investigated nanostructures is a vortex state with magnetization higher than for flat nanodisks. This is in good agreement with micromagnetic simulations of disk + ring nanosystems.
Identification of Aircraft Stall Behavior from Flight Test Data (1999)

An unsteady 5-DoF aerodynamic model for flow separation and stall is presented. The model formulates lift, drag, and the moments in pitch, roll and yaw as a function of an internal state, namely the position of the flow separation point along the wing chord. In a quasi-steady case, this position is described as a function of the angle of attack and its rate of change, whereas in a transient case it is described in a state-space form using a first order differential equation. Using airfoil wind tunnel data, the plausibility of the model structure is discussed. In a second step, the parameters of the quasi steady and the transient model are identified for two different aircraft using stall flight test data. Validation plots demonstrate the model accuracy and it can be seen clearly that there are considerable unsteady effects at high angles of attack where flow separation occurs, which cannot be described properly using flight mechanic models for attached flow.
The metabolic fate of glutamine nitrogen in the perfused rat kidney (1978)

The fate of glutamine amide and amino nitrogen was determined in the perfused rat kidney. There is a deficit of about 40% in the recovery of glutamine nitrogen and NH3 in the perfusion medium. After correction for the tissue conetent of glutamine, the remaining nitrogen was fully accounted for by small amounts of NH3, glutamate, aspartate and a compound that liberated glutamate on acid hydrolysis, probably 5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylate (pyroglutamate). The latter accounted for 8% of the glutamine metabolized.
Prediction and Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes (2003)

At present, the prediction of type 1 diabetes is not a major clinical issue outside of trials for diabetes prevention. Patients, especially children, usually present acutely with diabetes with a dramatic history of polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss. Despite what in retrospect is almost always a clear-cut clinical history of diabetes, a significant number of children have a delay in diagnosis, which increases the risk of severe metabolic decompensation with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), cerebral edema, and death.
Lithium Trithiocarbonate as a Dual‐Function Electrode Material for High‐Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries (2022)

Abstract The development of practical lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries with prolonged cycle life and high Coulombic efficiency is limited by both parasitic reactions from dissolved polysulfides and mossy lithium deposition. To address these challenges, here lithium trithiocarbonate (Li 2 CS 3 )‐coated lithium sulfide (Li 2 S) is employed as a dual‐function cathode material to improve the cycling performance of Li–S batteries. Interestingly, at the cathode, Li 2 CS 3 forms an oligomer‐structured layer on the surface to suppress polysulfide shuttle. The presence of Li 2 CS 3 alters the conventional sulfur reaction pathway, which is supported by material characterization and density functional theory calculation. At the anode, a stable in situ solid electrolyte interphase layer with a lower Li‐ion diffusion barrier is formed on the Li‐metal surface to engender enhanced lithium plating/stripping performance upon cycling. Consequently, the obtained anode‐free full cells with Li 2 CS 3 exhibit a superior capacity retention of 51% over 125 cycles, whereas conventional Li 2 S cells retain only 26%. This study demonstrates that Li 2 CS 3 inclusion is an efficient strategy for designing high‐energy‐density Li–S batteries with extended cycle life.
Supplemental Table 3 from A Quantitative System for Studying Metastasis Using Transparent Zebrafish (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Table 3. This Table provides all of the features initially extracted from the zebrafish images and an explanation of how each was used or not.&lt;/p&gt;
Gender difference in long-term prognosis among patients with cardiovascular disease (2012)

Women with cardiovascular disease who received a similar standardized cardiovascular work-up and personalized therapy advice as men had a favourable long-term outcome.
Modeling of Dynamic Trend of Latency Variations on Mobile Network Using Markov Regime Switching (2014)

An evaluation model that simulates a realistic trend of latency variation is attracting attention for use in simulation studies on large-scale distributed services provided through mobile networks. Therefore, we propose a new modeling method using a Markov regime switching which builds the evaluation model where latency drastically changes with time as in the mobile network. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the proposed modeling method is evaluated based on the measurement result which is collected while the user of the cellular phone moves around within a wide area. The evaluation results helps us to disclose whether or not the evaluation model estimated from the proposed method can accurately estimate dynamics of the mobile network quality.
Guest Editorial (2015)

The papers in this special section were presented at the 2015 IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society (IEEE MTT-S) International Microwave Symposium (IMS 2015), held May 17–22, 2015, in Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Inhibition of L-Fucokinase from Rat Liver by L-Fucose Analogues<i>In Vitro</i> (1997)

By investigating the effects of more than 15 different L-fucose analogues on the activity of L-fucokinase (EC 2.7.1.52) from rat liver in vitro, certain structural requirements for potent inhibition of this enzyme were established. Of the novel compounds, 4,6-dideoxy-L-xylo-hexopyranose (4) and methyl 4,6-dideoxy-4-iodo-L-glucopyranose (9) were found to be competitive inhibitors with Ki-values of 0.5 mM and 5.0 mM respectively. Thus 4,6-dideoxy-L-xylo-hexopyranose is a better inhibitor of L-fucokinase than methyl-alpha-L-fucoside (1). Uptake of L-fucose into rat hepatoma cells is reduced by 52% in the presence of the deoxy derivative (4), leading to a decrease of 45% in the incorporation of L-fucose into total cellular glycoproteins.
An ideal quantized mask to increase intelligibility and quality of speech in noise (2018)

Time-frequency (T-F) masks represent powerful tools to increase the intelligibility of speech in background noise. Translational relevance is provided by their accurate estimation based only on the signal-plus-noise mixture, using deep learning or other machine-learning techniques. In the current study, a technique is designed to capture the benefits of existing techniques. In the ideal quantized mask (IQM), speech and noise are partitioned into T-F units, and each unit receives one of <i>N</i> attenuations according to its signal-to-noise ratio. It was found that as few as four to eight attenuation steps (IQM<sub>4</sub>, IQM<sub>8</sub>) improved intelligibility over the ideal binary mask (IBM, having two attenuation steps), and equaled the intelligibility resulting from the ideal ratio mask (IRM, having a theoretically infinite number of steps). Sound-quality ratings and rankings of noisy speech processed by the IQM<sub>4</sub> and IQM<sub>8</sub> were also superior to that processed by the IBM and equaled or exceeded that processed by the IRM. It is concluded that the intelligibility and sound-quality advantages of infinite attenuation resolution can be captured by an IQM having only a very small number of steps. Further, the classification-based nature of the IQM might provide algorithmic advantages over the regression-based IRM during machine estimation.
New Cyclic Peptide Assemblies with Hydrophobic Cavities:  The Structural and Thermodynamic Basis of a New Class of Peptide Nanotubes (2003)

A new class of self-assembling peptides based on cyclic peptides made of alternating 3-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid (gamma-Acc) and alpha-amino acids is described. The studied cylindrical assemblies are models for a new class of self-assembling peptide nanotubes (SPN) that present the particular property of having the C2 methylene group pointing toward the lumen of the cavity, modifying the properties of the inner surface of the assembly.
Effect of ketoconazole/hydrocortisone (Keto/HC) on 25 (OH) vitamin D in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). (2011)

e13063 Background: Keto is a modestly active agent used extensively in the treatment of CRPC. Keto acts by inhibiting CYP17& disrupting androgen signaling pathways, similar to the, more specific CYP17 inhibitor, abiraterone. Keto is a non-selective inhibitor of CYP enzymes. Our group is studying the role of keto & similar agents in inhibiting CYP24A1, the dominant enzyme responsible for terminating the action of calcitriol (1,25dihydroxycholecalciferol, [1,25D3]). Keto clearly enhances 1,25D3 exposure through CYP24A1 inhibition and keto would be expected to modify circulating vitamin D levels by inhibiting vitamin D synthesizing enzymes (e.g. 25 hydroxylases, CYP2R1 and CYP27A1 & CYP27B1 [a 1-α-hydroxylase]). There is increasing indication that body stores of vitamin D are important in influencing cancer growth, bone and other health outcomes. Therefore, we examined changes in 25 (OH) cholecalciferol[25D3], the vitamin D form which reflects vitamin D sufficiency among men with CRPC treated with keto. Methods: Among 97 patients treated with K/HC at our center over the past 5 years, 25D3 serum concentrations within 6 months before & 6 months after K/HC were available in 28 patients. Results: Among these 28 patients the median age was 73 years; 25 were white and 3 were African American. 27/28 had established metastases; and in 1 progression was signaled by rising PSA only. PSA response (>50% decrease) occurred in19/28. Median PSA serum content before treatment was 35.9 ng/ml and median 25D3 was 44.3 ng/ml. After keto/HC median 25D3 content was 30.1ng/ml. 25D3 levels decreased in 21/28 patients; median decrease was 13.1 ng/ml. Prior to keto/HC 8/28 patients had 25D3 levels below normal (32ng/ml) after keto 16/28 had serum levels <32ng/ml. Conclusions: Among 28 patients with CRPC treated with keto/HC, 25D3 decreased in 75% and insufficient levels of 25D3 were seen in >50% of men. This decline may be a pharmacodynamic marker of keto activity. The clinical significance of these changes is uncertain and merits further study.
Adenovirus-mediated p53 Gene Therapy for Human Gliomas (1999)

Preclinical data strongly support the use of p53 gene transfer as a potential treatment for human gliomas.
In-Hospital Outcomes after Endovascular Therapy for Acute Limb Ischemia: A Report from a Japanese Nationwide Registry [J-EVT Registry] (2020)

The current study demonstrated that ALI patients with significant comorbidities show a higher proportion of in-hospital complications after EVT.
ChemInform Abstract: PALLADIUM‐CATALYZED OXIDATION OF TERMINAL OLEFINS TO METHYL KETONES BY HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (1981)

Abstract Endständige Olefine (I) reagieren mit Wasserstoffperoxid in Gegenwart von Pd‐Katalysatoren zu den Methylketonen (II).
The Receptor AT1 Appears to Be Important for the Maintenance of Bone Mass and AT2 Receptor Function in Periodontal Bone Loss Appears to Be Regulated by AT1 Receptor (2021)

A large number of experimental studies has demonstrated that angiotensin II (Ang II) is involved in key events of the inflammatory process. This study aimed to evaluate the role of Ang II type 1 (AT1) and Ang II type 2 (AT2) receptors on periodontitis. <b>Methods:</b> Experimental periodontitis was induced by placing a 5.0 nylon thread ligature around the second upper left molar of AT1 mice, no-ligature or ligature (AT1-NL and AT1-L), AT2 (AT2-NL or AT2-L) and wild type (WT-NL or L). Alveolar bone loss was scanned using Micro-CT. Cytokines, peptides and enzymes were analyzed from gingival tissues by Elisa and RT-PCR. <b>Results:</b> The blockade of AT1 receptor resulted in bone loss, even in healthy animals. Ang II receptor blockades did not prevent linear bone loss. Ang II and Ang 1-7 levels were significantly increased in the AT2-L (<i>p</i> < 0.01) group compared to AT2-NL and AT1-L. The genic expression of the Mas receptor was significantly increased in WT-L and AT2-L compared to (WT-NL and AT2-NL, respectively) and in AT1-L. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our data suggest that the receptor AT1 appears to be important for the maintenance of bone mass. AT2 receptor molecular function in periodontitis appears to be regulated by AT1.
The influence of electron injection and charge recombination kinetics on the performance of porphyrin-sensitized solar cells: effects of the 4-tert-butylpyridine additive (2013)

The effects of the 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP) additive in the electrolyte on photovoltaic performance of two push-pull porphyrin sensitizers (YD12 and YD12CN) were examined. Addition of TBP significantly increased the open-circuit voltage (VOC) for YD12 (from 550 to 729 mV) but it was to a lesser extent for YD12CN (from 544 to 636 mV); adding TBP also had the effect of reducing the short-circuit current density (JSC) slightly for YD12 (from 17.65 to 17.19 mA cm(-2)) but it led to a significant reduction for YD12CN (from 16.45 to 9.78 mA cm(-2)). The resulting power conversion efficiencies of the YD12 devices increase from 6.2% to 8.5% whereas those of the YD12CN devices decrease from 5.8% to 4.5%. Based on measurements of temporally resolved photoelectric transients of the devices and femtosecond fluorescence decays of thin-film samples, the poor performance of the YD12CN device in the presence of TBP can be understood as being due to the enhanced charge recombination, decreased electron injection, and a lesser extent of inhibition of the intermolecular energy transfer.
Cytomegalovirus-associated allograft rejection in heart transplant patients (2007)

Purpose of review Modern antiviral strategies are effective in controlling the clinical syndromes associated with acute cytomegalovirus infection in heart transplant recipients. Despite this effectiveness, subclinical cytomegalovirus infection is a common finding in these patients and its impact on long-term graft outcome is currently underestimated. Recent findings Recent studies provide evidence implicating subclinical cytomegalovirus infection in the pathogenesis of allograft rejection and cardiac allograft vasculopathy. In this process, cytomegalovirus interacts with local inflammatory pathways, and systemic immune-regulation mechanisms, which may lead to graft damage, even in the absence of cytomegalovirus replication within the graft. Consequently, in addition to pharmacologic strategies that inhibit viral replication, immune-based therapies that abrogate host immune response may provide an effective tool to prevent the indirect impact of cytomegalovirus on graft function. Summary Current evidence suggests that subclinical cytomegalovirus infection plays an important role in the pathogenesis of long-term graft dysfunction in heart transplant recipients and in other solid organ transplant recipients. Pending the availability of definitive data from randomized trials, we propose that the use of pharmacologic and immune-based approaches, directed at complete suppression of cytomegalovirus infection, represents the best strategy for prevention of cytomegalovirus-induced rejection, cardiac allograft vasculopathy and chronic allograft damage.