gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Looking for Synergies in Healthy Upper Limb Motion: A Focus on the Wrist (2023)

Recent studies on human upper limb motion highlighted the benefit of dimensionality reduction techniques to extrapolate informative joint patterns. These techniques can simplify the description of upper limb kinematics in physiological conditions, serving as a baseline for the objective assessment of movement alterations, or to be implemented in a robotic joint. However, the successful description of kinematic data requires a proper alignment of the acquisitions to correctly estimate kinematic patterns and their motion variability. Here, we propose a structured methodology to process and analyze upper limb kinematic data, considering time warping and task segmentation to register task execution on a common normalized completion time axis. Functional principal component analysis (fPCA) was used to extract patterns of motion of the wrist joint from the data collected by healthy participants performing activities of daily living. Our results suggest that wrist trajectories can be described as a linear combination of few functional principal components (fPCs). In fact, three fPCs explained more than 85% of the variance of any task. Wrist trajectories in the reaching phase of movement were highly correlated among participants and significantly more than trajectories in the manipulation phase ( [Formula: see text]). These findings may be useful in simplifying the control and design of robotic wrists, and could aid the development of therapies for the early detection of pathological conditions.
Free Communications : P1 ; Barrier Function and Stratum Corneum Lipids in Non-Lesional Skin of Allergic Contact Dermatitis or Atopic Dermatitis Patients (2014)

Lesions of most inflammatory skin diseases, especially atopic dermatitis (AD), present an impaired barrier function and decreased stratum corneum (SC) lipids. We performed this study in order to elucidate that their non-lesional skin also presents subtle changes in the barrier function or the SC lipids. Each 25 patients with AD or allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) as well as 35 healthy control persons were enrolled. For barrier function, basal transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and SC hydration were measured on forehead, inner forearm and calf, and the barrier recovery rate was calculated on the inner forearm. For SC lipid analysis, tapes stripped from the inner forearm were analyzed by HPTLC for total lipids and LC-MS/MS for ceramides. Basal TEWL on non-lesional skin of AD or ACD patients showed no difference. SC hydration decreased significantly in AD patients but not in ACD. Barrier recovery of AD or ACD patients was delayed than healthy control. Non-lesional skin of ACD patients as well as AD showed a decrease of total ceramides content as well as each type of ceramides. Collectively, the non-lesional skin of AD or ACD patients presented a subtle change in barrier function and a decrease of SC ceramides. Therefore, we could recommend a moisturizer containing ceramides and humectants for AD patients and a moisturizer containing ceramides for ACD patients in a concept of tailor-made moisturizer.
Cover Picture: Insights into TIM‐Barrel Prenyl Transferase Mechanisms: Crystal Structures of PcrB from <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (ChemBioChem 2/2013) (2013)

The cover picture shows the structure of the prenyl transferase PcrB. Prenyl transferases (PTs) play a key role in isoprenoid biosynthesis, and recently a new group of PTs with a triose phosphate isomerase (TIM)-barrel fold have been discovered. The structures of PcrB from Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus are reported here and show that there are two tyrosines and one glutamic acid in the active-site region that are poised to activate the substrate's C3 OH group for nucleophilic attack, as well as remove H+ from the active-site region. The position of the prenyl diphosphate, which binds to an essential aspartic acid via Mg2+, was also located, and by using bioinformatics and site-directed mutagenesis, a role for another tyrosine residue, in chain elongation, was demonstrated. In the article on p. 195 ff., E. Oldfield, R.-T. Guo et al. show how the results also provide a structural basis for the binding of a highly bent isoprenoid side chain in another TIM barrel PT, MoeO5.
Conductive epoxy/amine system containing polyaniline doped with dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (2006)

Abstract We developed a conductive epoxy/amine system containing polyaniline doped with dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PAni.DBSA). The curing behaviors of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with triethylenetetramine (TETA), PAni.DBSA, and both amine compounds at different concentrations were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Epoxy/TETA systems containing PAni.DBSA presented two distinct exothermic peaks at 90°C due to the cure by TETA as a hardener and at 236°C related to PAni.DBSA as the curing agent. The presence of PAni.DBSA in the systems constituted by epoxy/hardener in stoichiometric proportions resulted in a decrease in the glass‐transition temperature of the epoxy matrix, as indicated by DSC and dielectric analyses. Electrical conductivity was determined in the epoxy/amine networks, with the TETA concentration kept constant and also in stoichiometric proportions of mixed hardener (TETA + PAni.DBSA) to epoxy resin. The last condition resulted in a higher electrical conductivity. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100:4059–4065, 2006
Monitoring physiological and behavioral signals to detect mood changes of bipolar patients (2011)

In this paper we present a personal, cost-effective, multi-parametric monitoring system based on textile platforms and portable sensing devices for the long term and short term acquisition of data from bipolar patients affected by mood disorders. The system allows the early indication and prevention of bipolar state relapse situations. The bipolar mood state of the patients is etimated from several physiogical and physical cues such as biochemical markers, voice analysis and a behavioural index correlated to patient state.
The Electrical and Optical Properties of Organometal Halide Perovskites Relevant to Optoelectronic Performance (2017)

Organometal halide perovskites are under intense study for use in optoelectronics. Methylammonium and formamidinium lead iodide show impressive performance as photovoltaic materials; a premise that has spurred investigations into light-emitting devices and photodetectors. Herein, the optical and electrical material properties of organometal halide perovskites are reviewed. An overview is given on how the material composition and morphology are tied to these properties, and how these properties ultimately affect device performance. Material attributes and techniques used to estimate them are analyzed for different perovskite materials, with a particular focus on the bandgap, mobility, diffusion length, carrier lifetime, and trap-state density.
Development of Phosphoramidite Reagents for the Synthesis of Base-Labile Oligonucleotides Modified with a Linear Aminoalkyl and Amino-PEG Linker at the 3′-End (2022)

Oligonucleotides with an amino linker at the 3'-end are useful for the preparation of conjugated oligonucleotides. However, chemically modified nucleosides, which are unstable under basic conditions, cannot be incorporated into oligonucleotides using the conventional method entailing the preparation of oligonucleotides bearing a 3'-amino linker. Therefore, we designed Fmoc-protected phosphoramidites for the synthesis of base-labile oligonucleotides modified with a 3'-amino linker. The resultant phosphoramidites were then successfully incorporated into oligonucleotides bearing a 3'-amino linker. Various basic solutions were investigated for protecting group removal. All the protecting groups were removed by treating the oligonucleotides with 40% aqueous methylamine at room temperature for 2 h. Thus, the deprotection time and temperature were significantly reduced compared to the conventional conditions (28% NH<sub>3</sub> aq., 55 °C, 17 h). In addition, the oligonucleotide protecting groups could be removed using a mild base (e.g., 50 mM potassium carbonate methanol solution). Furthermore, base-labile oligonucleotides bearing an amino linker at the 3'-end were successfully synthesized using the developed phosphoramidite reagents, highlighting the utility of our strategy.
Hapten-specific IgE antibody responses in mice. VII. Conversion of IgE "non-responder" strains to IgE "responders" by elimination of suppressor T cell activity. (1977)

Mice of the inbred strains SJL (H-2s) and AKR (H-2k) are "non-responders" and "low-responders," respectively, in terms of their capacity to develop antibody responses of the IgE class when immunized with conventional proteins and hapten-protein conjugates under conditions optimal for eliciting IgE responses in "high-responder" mice, such as BALB/c (H-2d), to these same antigens. For example, BALB/c mice preimmunized with ASC and then challenged 7 days later with DNP-ASC develop peak augmented primary IgE anti-DNP antibody responses of 320 PCA units, whereas SJL and AKR mice develop responses which are 16-fold and 4-fold lower, respectively. However, pretreatment of the latter two strains with appropriate doses of either x-irradiation (150 R), cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg) or ALS (150 mul) before carrier-preimmunization strikingly enhances the magnitude of IgE antibody responses in such mice to levels as high as 64-fold above those of untreated control mice of the same strains. Evidence obtained in these experiments indicates that the capacity of such maneuvers to to convert poor IgE responders to high responder status reflects elimination of nonantigen-specific suppressor T lymphocytes which are naturally present and normally function to suppress or "dampen" the IgE antibody response in a relatively selective manner. It appears that these cells modulate IgE responses by acting at least at two distinct points: 1) The most effective activity seems to be at the level of induction of carrier-specific helper T cells; 2) A second locus of inhibitory activity is more distal in the response, either impeding helper T cell-B cell cooperative interactions or suppressing B cell differentiation and/or function directly. Taken collectively, these observations demonstrate that the state of poor responsiveness of the SJL and AKR strains for the IgE antibody class is not a reflection of a genetic inability to develop IgE responses but rather a manifestation of a genetic capability to actively inhibit IgE antibody synthesis.
Investigating Reliability of Variable Blank Holder Force Control in Sheet Drawing Under Process Uncertainties (2008)

The blank holder force (BHF), which regulates the amount of metal drawn into the die cavity, has been used effectively to draw defect-free sheet parts. It has been shown that a properly designed variable BHF profile can provide greater drawability as compared to constant BHF. Extensive research has been carried out in the past to determine this optimal profile. However, these deterministic efforts neglect the sensitivity of this optimal BHF design to unintended process variations inherent in sheet forming. This paper investigates the reliability of optimal variable BHF in the presence of process uncertainties by minimizing the magnitude of wrinkling and fracture defects under probabilistic constraints. To demonstrate the efficacy of this approach, it analyzes the conical cup drawing of an aluminum killed deep-drawing quality steel under process uncertainties including sheet thickness, punch speed, interface friction at the punch surface, and interface friction at the die surface. The results show that probabilistic design improves the yield (probability of good parts) to 99.98% as compared to the 48.04% yield realized by the traditional deterministic design. In addition, Monte Carlo simulations verify that the probabilistic design handles the uncertainties better due to its inherent robustness. This is primarily due to the design moving away from the process constraints and at the same time balancing the probability of failure between the two failure modes.
Relevance of an Academic GMP Pan-European Vector Infra-Structure (PEVI) (2010)

In the past 5 years, European investigators have played a major role in the development of clinical gene therapy. The provision of substantial funds by some individual member states to construct GMP facilities makes it an opportune time to network available gene therapy GMP facilities at an EU level. The integrated coordination of GMP production facilities and human skills for advanced gene and genetically-modified (GM) cell therapy, can dramatically enhance academic-led "First-in-man" gene therapy trials. Once proof of efficacy is gathered, technology can be transferred to the private sector which will take over further development taking advantage of knowledge and know-how. Complex technical challenges require existing production facilities to adapt to emerging technologies in a coordinated manner. These include a mandatory requirement for the highest quality of production translating gene-transfer technologies with pharmaceutical-grade GMP processes to the clinic. A consensus has emerged on the directions and priorities to adopt, applying to advanced technologies with improved efficacy and safety profiles, in particular AAV, lentivirus-based and oncolytic vectors. Translating cutting-edge research into "First-in-man" trials require that pre-normative research is conducted which aims to develop standard assays, processes and candidate reference materials. This research will help harmonise practices and quality in the production of GMP vector lots and GM-cells. In gathering critical expertise in Europe and establish conditions for interoperability, the PEVI infrastructure will contribute to the demands of the advanced therapy medicinal products* regulation and to both health and quality of life of EU-citizens.
Spatio-temporal population density measurements in a barium vapour laser operated in burst mode (1994)

Barium vapour lasers (BVLs) are an efficient (~0.5%), high average power (10-15 W) and high pulse rate (~10 kHz) source operating on a variety of near and mid IR wavelengths (1.13, 1.50, 2.55, and 4.72 microns), with applications including scanning ranging, remote gas detection, and optical fibre testing. The BVL is also an amenable system for studying kinetics of metal vapour lasers, as the atom and ion ground states have visible upward transitions suitable for hook spectroscopy. To date, there has been relatively little work on ground state kinetic issues and the factors influencing prepulse ground state density in metal vapour laser (MVL) systems in general are not fully understood. Previous reports 1,2,3 indicate that the observed prepulse metal atom density across the tube bore is well below that expected from thermal considerations. We have studied the factors influencing the pre-pulse ground state density for a BVL operating with both helium and neon buffer gases.
Very high density EEG elucidates spatiotemporal aspects of early visual processing (2017)

Abstract Standard human EEG systems based on spatial Nyquist estimates suggest that 20-30 mm electrode spacing suffices to capture neural signals on the scalp, but recent studies posit that increasing sensor density can provide higher resolution neural information. Here, we compared “super-Nyquist” density EEG (“SND”) with Nyquist density (“ND”) arrays for assessing the spatiotemporal aspects of early visual processing. EEG was measured from 128 electrodes arranged over occipitotemporal brain regions (14 mm spacing) while participants viewed flickering checkerboard stimuli. Analyses compared SND with ND-equivalent subsets of the same electrodes. Frequency-tagged stimuli were classified more accurately with SND than ND arrays in both the time and the frequency domains. Representational similarity analysis revealed that a computational model of V1 correlated more highly with the SND than the ND array. Overall, SND EEG captured more neural information from visual cortex, arguing for increased development of this approach in basic and translational neuroscience. Abbreviations SND “super-Nyquist” density EEG (smaller than 20-30 mm electrode spacing) ND Nyquist density EEG (20-30 mm electrode spacing)
Phase I study of pazopanib (PAZ) in combination with abexinostat (ABX) in patients (Pts) with metastatic solid tumors. (2014)

2577 Background: PAZ is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of VEGFR, PDGFR, and C-KIT approved for use in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and soft tissue sarcoma (STS). ABX is a potent pan-HDAC inhibitor (HDACi). Pre-clinical models suggest that epigenetic modulation with an HDACi potentiates PAZ’s efficacy and prevents the outgrowth of a resistant phenotype. We therefore designed a Phase I clinical trial combining ABX with PAZ in pts with advanced solid tumors. Methods: The primary objective was to determine the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) of PAZ plus ABX in pts with advanced solid tumor malignancies. Secondary objectives included pharmacokinetics (PK) and efficacy. Altered histone acetylation post treatment denoted HDACi activity and served as pharmacodynamic (PD) markers in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. PAZ was dosed daily and ABX on days 1-5, 8-12, 15-19 of a 28-day cycle, at a starting dose of 400 mg/day and 45 mg/m2 orally twice daily for PAZ and ABX respectively. Results: 22 patients with advanced solid tumors were enrolled. There were five dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) (fatigue: N = 2, thrombocytopenia: N = 2; grade 2 elevated AST with fever: N = 1). The MTD was PAZ 600 mg/day + ABX 30 mg/m2 BID. The most common grade ≥ 3 drug regimen-related adverse events observed include thrombocytopenia (12%), fatigue (12%), and diarrhea (8%). 3 of 15 evaluable pts (20%) (including 2 RCC pts) had a confirmed objective partial tumor response, including one pt with prior progression in single agent PAZ. 5 out of 17 evaluable pts (29%) have experienced disease stabilization or better for ≥ 6 months. PK and PD analyses are ongoing. An alternate dosing schedule is being explored with ABX administered on D1-4, 8-11,15-18 of a 28-day cycle. The current dose level is 45 mg/m2 BID and PAZ at 600 mg/day with no DLTs observed thus far (N = 2). Conclusions: This is the first trial to explore the combination of ABX with PAZ in RCC and other solid tumor malignancies. The optimal dosing schedule may be ABX taken 4 days/week but requires further investigation. Encouraging preliminary evidence of anti-tumor activity was observed including in a pt with prior disease resistance to PAZ monotherapy. An expansion cohort with 20 pts in RCC and sarcoma is planned. Clinical trial information: NCT01543763.
Frequency-wavenumber spectral estimation of non-planar random fields (2005)

Spectral estimation for a class of smooth, broad spectra generated by the Turbulent Boundary Layer is discussed in terms of spectral fidelity and sensitivity to statistical error. When the number of sensors is limited, which is often the case in array problems, MLM-based estimators exhibit better performance than all-pole models. These performance differences underscore the fact that for certain classes of spectra high-resolution and high-fidelity are competing criteria.
Normal ordering of degenerate integral powers of number operator and its applications (2022)

The normal ordering of an integral power of the number operator in terms of boson operators is expressed with the help of the Stirling numbers of the second kind. As a `degenerate version' of this, we consider the normal ordering of a degenerate integral power of the number operator in terms of boson operators, which is represented by means of the degenerate Stirling numbers of the second kind. As an application of this normal ordering, we derive two equations defining the degenerate Stirling numbers of the second kind and a Dobinski-like formula for the degenerate Bell polynomials.
Modelling amorphous materials via a joint solid-state NMR and X-ray absorption spectroscopy and DFT approach: application to alumina (2022)

Understanding electronic structure is a crucial component in the development of many functional materials including semiconductors, transparent-conducting oxides, and batteries, and is necessarily directly dependent on their underlying atomistic structure. The elucidation of atomistic structure is impeded, both experimentally and computationally, by structural disorder, presenting a huge challenge for designing functional amorphous materials. Amorphous materials may be characterised through their local atomic arrangements using, for example, solid-state NMR and X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS). By using these two spectroscopy methods to inform the sampling of configurations from ab initio molecular dynamics we devise and validate an amorphous model, choosing amorphous alumina to illustrate the approach due to its wide range of technological uses. Our model predicts two distinct geometric arrangements of AlO5 coordination polyhedra and determines the origin of the pre-edge features in the Al K-edge XAS. We finally construct an average electronic density of states for amorphous alumina, and identify localized states at the conduction band minimum (CBM). We show that the CBM is comprised of Al 3s states and connect this localization and the presence of the pre-edge in the XAS. Deconvoluting this XAS by coordination geometry reveals contributions from both AlO4 and AlO5 geometries at the CBM give rise to the pre-edge, which provides insight into the role of AlO5 in the electronic structure of alumina. This work represents an important advance within the field of solid-state amorphous modelling, providing a method for developing amorphous models through comparison of experimental and computationally derived spectra, which may then be used to determine the electronic structure of amorphous materials.
Design and first baseline data of the DZNE multicenter observational study on predementia Alzheimer’s disease (DELCODE) (2018)

German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00007966 . Registered 4 May 2015.
Programming Live Distributed Objects with Distributed Data Flows (2009)

This paper presents a new object-oriented approach to modeling the semantics of distributed multi-party protocols such as leader election, distributed locking, or reliable multicast, and a programming language that supports it. The approach builds on and extends our live distributed objects model [37] by introducing a new concept of a distributed flow, a stream of messages flowing concurrently at multiple locations. Our flows correspond to variables, private fields, and method parameters in Java-like languages; they are the means by which we store and communicate state. Active protocol instances, which correspond to Java objects, consume and output flows; their internal states are encapsulated as internal flows, and all of their internal logic is represented as operations on flows. Our language supports a new type of concern separation:
High precision phase measurement technique for cell impedance spectroscopy (2010)

This paper presents a new approach for high precision phase measurement. The new system is developed for biomedical applications such as complex cell impedance measurement and dielectric tissue analysis. In many of the named applications it is necessary to measure the complex dielectric constant of a sample as a function of frequency. Therefore the developed system is capable of measuring amplitude and especially high precision phase of the measurement signal over a wide frequency range from 10 Hz to 10 MHz. The experimental result of the new method shows a phase resolution of up to 0.01 degree at 1 MHz and 0.1 degree at 10 MHz. The excellent phase measurement resolution is achieved by a time transformation of the signal using a digital sampling circuitry. The functional principle of the digital sampling circuitry is based on Delta – Modulation and is implemented inside a cheap standard FPGA. The new system is successfully used in blood analysis applications and allows for a practical implementation of cost efficient capacitive hematocrit sensors for the first time.