gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unerwartete Spaltung von Ansa-Ytterbo- und Ansa-Calcoacen: Bildung von [(η2-C12H8)ZrCl2(thf)3] und (Me3Si)2C12H8 (2001)

Eine Liganden spaltende Transmetallierung: Die Ansa-Metalloacene [(η5-C12H8)2M(thf)2] (M=Yb, Ca) reagieren mit ZrCl4 oder Me3SiCl unerwarteterweise unter Spaltung des Ansa-Bisacenylliganden und Bildung des Zirconacyclus [(η2-C12H8)ZrCl2(thf)3] 1 [Gl. (1)] bzw. von 1,2-Bistrimethylsilylacenaphthen (Me3Si)2C12H8.
AAV-2 Capsid-Specific CD8+ T Cells Limit the Duration of Gene Therapy in Humans and Cross-React with AAV-8 Capsid. (2006)

Abstract Efforts to establish an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector-mediated gene therapy for the treatment of hemophilia B have been hindered by an immune response to the viral capsid antigen. Preclinical studies in small and large animal models of the disease showed long-term factor IX (F.IX) transgene expression and correction of the phenotype. However, in a recent phase I/II clinical trial in humans (Manno et al., Nat. Med. 2006), after hepatic gene transfer with an AAV-2 vector expressing human F.IX transgene, expression lasted for only a few weeks, declining to baseline concurrently with a peak in liver enzymes. We hypothesized that T cells directed towards AAV capsid antigens displayed by transduced hepatocytes were activated and these mediated destruction of the transduced hepatocytes, thereby causing loss of transgene expression and a transient transaminitis. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from AAV-infused subjects were stained with an AAV capsid-specific MHC class I pentamer either directly or after in vitro expansion. Two weeks after vector infusion 0.14% of circulating CD8+ T cells were capsid-specific on direct staining, and five weeks after infusion the capsid-specific population had expanded to 0.5% of the circulating CD8+ T cells, indicating proliferation of this T cell subset. By 20 weeks after vector infusion, the capsid-specific CD8+ T cell population had contracted to the level seen at 2 weeks. The expansion and contraction of this capsid-specific CD8+ T cell population paralleled the rise and fall of serum transaminases in the subject observed. Subsequent ex vivo studies of PBMC showed the presence of a readily expandable pool of capsid-specific CD8+ T cells up to 2.5 years post vector-infusion. Similarly, we were able to expand AAV-specific CD8+ T cells from peripheral blood of normal donors, suggesting the existence of a T cell memory pool. Expanded CD8+ T cells were functional as evidenced by specific lysis of HLA-matched target cells and by IFN-γsecretion in response to AAV epitopes. It has been argued that potentially harmful immune responses could be avoided by switching AAV serotypes, however, capsid protein sequences are highly conserved among different serotypes, as are some immunodominant epitopes that we identified. Indeed, we demonstrated that capsid-specific CD8+ T cells from AAV-infused hemophilic subjects functionally cross-react with AAV-8. Moreover, cells expanded from normal donors with AAV-2 vector capsids proliferated upon culture with AAV-8 capsids, demonstrating that both vectors could be processed appropriately in vitro to present the epitopic peptide to capsid-specific T cells. This suggests that AAV-2-specific memory CD8+ T cells normally present in humans likely would expand upon exposure to AAV-8 capsid epitopes. We conclude that the use of immunomodulatory therapy may be a better approach to achieving durable transgene expression in the setting of AAV-mediated gene therapy.
Effects of Sidewalls and Leading-Edge Blowing on Flows over Long Rectangular Cavities (2018)

The present work investigates sidewall effects on the characteristics of three-dimensional (3-D) compressible flows over a rectangular cavity with aspect ratios of and at using large-eddy simulations. For the spanwise-periodic cavity flow, large pressure fluctuations are present in the shear layer and on the cavity aft wall due to spanwise vortex roll-ups and flow impingement. For the finite-span cavity with sidewalls, pressure fluctuations are reduced due to interference to the vortex roll-ups from the sidewalls. Flow oscillations are also reduced by increasing the Mach number from 0.6 to 1.4. Furthermore, secondary flow inside the cavity enhances kinetic energy transport in the spanwise direction. Moreover, 3-D slotted jets are placed along the cavity leading edge with the objective of reducing flow oscillations. Steady blowing into the boundary layer is considered with momentum coefficient and 0.0194 for and 1.4 cases, respectively. The three-dimensionality introduced to the flow by the jets inhibits large coherent roll-ups of the spanwise vortices in the shear layer, yielding 9–40% reductions in root mean square (rms) pressure and rms velocity for both spanwise-periodic and finite-span cavities.
The Prolactin Receptor Rescues EpoR−/− Erythroid Progenitors and Replaces EpoR in a Synergistic Interaction With c-kit (1998)

We recently showed that a retrovirally transduced prolactin receptor (PrlR) efficiently supports the differentiation of wild-type burst-forming unit erythroid (BFU-e) and colony-forming unit erythroid (CFU-e) progenitors in response to prolactin and in the absence of erythropoietin (Epo). To examine directly whether the Epo receptor (EpoR) expressed by wild-type erythroid progenitors was essential for their terminal differentiation, we infected EpoR-/- progenitors with retroviral constructs encoding either the PrlR or a chimeric receptor containing the extracellular domain of the PrlR and intracellular domain of EpoR. In response to prolactin, both receptors were equally efficient in supporting full differentiation of the EpoR-/- progenitors into erythroid colonies in vitro. Therefore, there is no requirement for an EpoR-unique signal in erythroid differentiation; EpoR signaling has no instructive role in red blood cell differentiation. A synergistic interaction between EpoR and c-kit is essential for the production of normal numbers of red blood cells, as demonstrated by the severe anemia of mice mutant for either c-kit or its ligand, stem cell factor. We show that the addition of stem cell factor potentiates the ability of the PrlR to support differentiation of both EpoR-/- and wild-type CFU-e progenitors. This synergism is quantitatively equivalent to that observed between c-kit and EpoR. Therefore, there is no requirement for an EpoR-unique signal in the synergistic interaction between c-kit and EpoR.
Data from Bioactive Lipids S1P and C1P Are Prometastatic Factors in Human Rhabdomyosarcoma, and Their Tissue Levels Increase in Response to Radio/Chemotherapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Evidence suggests that bioactive lipids may regulate pathophysiologic functions such as cancer cell metastasis. Therefore, we determined that the bioactive lipid chemoattractants sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) strongly enhanced the &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; motility and adhesion of human rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) cells. Importantly, this effect was observed at physiologic concentrations for both bioactive lipids, which are present in biologic fluids, and were much stronger than the effects observed in response to known RMS prometastatic factors such as stromal derived factors-1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) or hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF). We also present novel evidence that the levels of S1P and C1P were increased in several organs after γ-irradiation or chemotherapy, which indicates an unwanted prometastatic environment related to treatment. Critically, we found that the metastasis of RMS cells in response to S1P can be effectively inhibited &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; with the S1P-specific binder NOX-S93 that is based on a high-affinity Spiegelmer. These data indicate that bioactive lipids play a vital role in dissemination of RMS and contribute to the unwanted side effects of radio/chemotherapy by creating a prometastatic microenvironment. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Res; 11(7); 793–807. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Reactions of Secondary Phosphine Chalcogenides with Vinyloxyalkylamines: Synthesis of a Novel Family of Functional Phosphinochalcogenoic Amides. (2012)

Abstract The utility of products (III) in further syntheses is described.
Security Challenges in Indoor Location Sensing using Bluetooth LE Broadcast (2015)

As we consider a new generation of Internet of Things and Humans (IoTH) applications that place humans at the epicenter of the control system the need to gather information from the immediate vicin ...
Attaining High Levels of Bearing Performance with a Nanocomposite Diamond-Like Carbon Coating (2013)

Mechanical systems that operate in agricultural, construction, and mining and mineral processing applications typically operate in debris-containing and thin-film lubrication environments. Consequently, the lives of rolling element bearings in these applications are often limited by surface fatigue arising from thin-film lubrication, damage from the debris, false brinelling, and scuffing. Traditional approaches utilizing specialized heat treatments and lubricant additives can sometimes delay the onset of early raceway fatigue, but even in these cases the actual bearing life is still usually less than that for which the bearing was designed. Bearings with a highly durable W-aC:H coating applied to the rolling elements are shown to have significantly longer fatigue lives in debris-containing and thin-film lubrication environments and are highly resistant to wear from false brinelling and scuffing.
MULTIPACTING IN HOM COUPLERS AT THE 1.3GHz 9-CELL TESLA TYPE SRF CAVITY (2011)

During the XFEL [1] prototype module tests on the module test stand at DESY [2], [3], [4] RF power measurement anomaly on the higher order mode (HOM) couplers at the cavity operating frequency was detected and investigated. HOM coupler multipacting, predicted by the analytical simulations [5], was found to be the source of the anomalous signal peak. TESLA type SRF cavity HOM coupler multipacting simulations and observations are presented, compared and discussed.
Supersingular Isogeny-based Cryptography: A Survey (2020)

With the advent of quantum computers that showed the viability of Shor's Algorithm to factor integers, it became apparent that asymmetric cryptographic algorithms might soon become insecure. Since then, a large number of new algorithms that are conjectured to be quantum-secure have been proposed, many of which come with non-negligible trade-offs compared to current cryptosystems. Because of this, both research and standardization attempts are an ongoing effort.
Calibrated comparison of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody levels in response to protein-, mRNA-, and vector-based COVID-19 vaccines (2021)

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies have been suggested to reflect the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. This study reports the first direct comparison of the SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody response elicited by a protein- (NVX-CoV2373), an mRNA- (Comirnaty), and a vector-based (Vaxzevria) COVID-19 vaccine, calibrated against the WHO international SARS-CoV-2 antibody standard, and further supports the use of neutralizing antibody levels as correlate of protection.
Surface electrochemistry of CO<sub>2</sub>reduction and CO oxidation on Sm-doped CeO<sub>2−x</sub>: coupling between Ce<sup>3+</sup>and carbonate adsorbates (2015)

The efficient electro-reduction of CO2 to chemical fuels and the electro-oxidation of hydrocarbons for generating electricity are critical toward a carbon-neutral energy cycle. The simplest reactions involving carbon species in solid-oxide fuel cells and electrolyzer cells are CO oxidation and CO2 reduction, respectively. In catalyzing these reactions, doped ceria exhibits a mixed valence of Ce(3+) and Ce(4+), and has been employed as a highly active and coking-resistant electrode. Here we report an operando investigation of the surface reaction mechanism on a ceria-based electrochemical cell using ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We show that the reaction proceeds via a stable carbonate intermediate, the coverage of which is coupled to the surface Ce(3+) concentration. Under CO oxidation polarization, both the carbonate and surface Ce(3+) concentration decrease with overpotential. Under CO2 reduction polarization, on the other hand, the carbonate coverage saturates whereas the surface Ce(3+) concentration increases with overpotential. The evolution of these reaction intermediates was analyzed using a simplified two-electron reaction scheme. We propose that the strong adsorbate-adsorbate interaction explains the coverage-dependent reaction mechanism. These new insights into the surface electrochemistry of ceria shed light on the optimization strategies for better fuel cell electrocatalysts.
The Power of Points for Modeling Humans in Clothing (2021)

Currently it requires an artist to create 3D human avatars with realistic clothing that can move naturally. Despite progress on 3D scanning and modeling of human bodies, there is still no technology that can easily turn a static scan into an animatable avatar. Automating the creation of such avatars would enable many applications in games, social networking, animation, and AR/VR to name a few. The key problem is one of representation. Standard 3D meshes are widely used in modeling the minimally-clothed body but do not readily capture the complex topology of clothing. Recent interest has shifted to implicit surface models for this task but they are computationally heavy and lack compatibility with existing 3D tools. What is needed is a 3D representation that can capture varied topology at high resolution and that can be learned from data. We argue that this representation has been with us all along — the point cloud. Point clouds have properties of both implicit and explicit representations that we exploit to model 3D garment geometry on a human body. We train a neural network with a novel local clothing geometric feature to represent the shape of different outfits. The network is trained from 3D point clouds of many types of clothing, on many bodies, in many poses, and learns to model pose-dependent clothing deformations. The geometry feature can be optimized to fit a previously unseen scan of a person in clothing, enabling the scan to be reposed realistically. Our model demonstrates superior quantitative and qualitative results in both multi-outfit modeling and unseen outfit animation. The code is available for research purposes at https://qianlim.github.io/POP.
Influence of magnesium and polyamines on the reactivity of individual ribosomal subunit proteins to lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination (1979)

30S and 50S subunits, in the presence of either 20 mM Mg2+ or 6 mM Mg2+ and 5mM spermidine plus 25 mM putrescine, were observed to completely associate to form 70S monosomes as monitored by sucrose gradient sedimentation. Subunits maintained under the above ionic conditions were compared with 30S and 50S particles at low (6 mM) magnesium concentration with respect to the reactivity of individual ribosomal proteins to lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination. Altered reactivity to enzymatic iodination of ribosomal proteins S4, S9, S10, S14, S17, S19, and S20 in the small subunit of ribosomal proteins, L2, L9, L11, L27, and L30 in the large subunit following incubation with high magnesium or magnesium and polyamines suggests that a conformation change in both subunits accompanies the formation of 70S monosomes. The results further demonstrate that the effect of Mg2+ on subunit conformation is mimicked when polyamines are substituted for magnesium necessary for subunit association.
<sup>1</sup>H‐NMR and <sup>13</sup>C‐NMR Investigation of Complexes of Mn<sup>2+</sup> with Ocytocin Analogues in (<sup>2</sup>H<sub>6</sub>)Dimethylsulfoxide (1996)

Several ocytocin analogues were synthesised by substitution of the Pro residue with sarcosine or N-methylalanine, the glutamine residue with threonine and one of the cysteines with 2-mercaptopropionic acid. All the derivatives were investigated by NMR in dimethylsulfoxide solutions and evidence was obtained for similar preferred conformations in the solution free state. All peptides were shown to form complexes with Mn2+ in solution by the strong paramagnetic effects experienced by several proton resonances. Two structures could be determined, one formed by peptides containing threonine and the other by the remaining peptides. The two structures were delineated by molecular modelling using the Mn(2+)-proton distances obtained by NMR as restraints.
The Histone Acetyltransferase Activity of Human GCN5 and PCAF Is Stabilized by Coenzymes (1997)

Here we report that PCAF and human GCN5, two related type A histone acetyltransferases, are unstable enzymes that under the commonly used assay conditions are rapidly and irreversibly inactivated. In addition, we report that free histone H1, although not acetylated in vivo, is a preferred and convenient in vitro substrate for the study of PCAF, human GCN5, and possibly other type A histone acetyltransferases. Using either histone H1 or histone H3 as substrates, we find that preincubation with either acetyl-CoA or CoA stabilizes the acetyltransferase activities of PCAF, human GCN5 and an enzymatically active PCAF deletion mutant containing the C-terminal half of the protein. The stabilization requires the continuous presence of coenzyme, suggesting that the acetyltransferase-coenzyme complexes are stable, while the isolated apoenzymes are not. Human GCN5 and the N-terminal deletion mutant of PCAF are stabilized equally well by preincubation with either CoA or acetyl-CoA, while intact PCAF is better stabilized by acetyl-CoA than by CoA. Intact PCAF, but not the N-terminal truncation mutant or human GCN5, is autoacetylated. These findings raise the possibility that the intracellular concentrations of the coenzymes affect the stability and therefore the nuclear activity of these acetyltransferases.
Combined therapy using suicide gef gene and paclitaxel enhances growth inhibition of multicellular tumour spheroids of A-549 human lung cancer cells (2008)

The low efficiency of conventional therapies in achieving long-term survival of lung cancer patients calls for development of novel options. The potential use of combined gene therapy is under intensive study. One approach uses the expression of genes encoding cytotoxic proteins that affect cellular viability. The gef gene from E. coli, identified as a member of a gene family encoding homologous cell-killing functions, encodes for a membrane protein with a toxic domain which leads to a decrease in the rate of tumour cell growth. To improve the antitumoral effect of the paclitaxel in lung cancer cells, we investigated a combined suicide gene therapy using this drug and gef gene in vitro, using A-549 lung cancer cells in culture and forming multicellular tumour spheroids (MTS). Our results showed that gef expression in A-549 cells led to an ultrastructural changes, including dilated mitochondria with clear matrices and disrupted cristae and cell surface alterations such as reduction in length and number of microvilli and cytoplasmic membrane evaginations. The use of paclitaxel in A-549 lung cancer cells transfected with gef gene enhanced the chemotherapeutic effect of this drug. Volume analyses showed an 87.4% decrease in the A-549 MTS growth after 96 h in comparison with control MTS. This inhibition was greater than that obtained using the gene therapy or chemotherapy alone. In conclusion, gef gene has a cytotoxic effect in lung cancer cells and enhances cell growth inhibition when used with paclitaxel. These results indicate that this combined therapy may be of potential therapeutic value in lung cancer.
Digital integrated circuit design for system-on-glass (2008)

In this paper, we have developed a design environment for a stripe-shaped PMELA process and have designed digital circuits such as a serial-to-parallel converter and a PRBS generator as examples of digital VLSI circuits. The designed circuits and standard cells are fabricated in bulk CMOS process and are verified their operations. The whole circuits are fabricated in PMELA 0.5 mum CMOS technology with 1-poly-Si 1-Metal layers on glass. The measurement results show that digital circuits using PMELA TFTs are successfully integrated on glass by using this design environment.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminolysis and Alkaline Hydrolysis of Protected 1‐Hydroxybenzotriazol‐ 1‐yl Esters of Adenosine 5′‐Phosphorothioate and ‐phosphorodithioate. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Basal injury syndrome of <i>Pinus</i> needles (1986)

Two types of macroscopic lesions, basal blister and basal necrosis, disrupting the surface tissues of Pinus needles under the fascicular sheath, are described in detail for the first time. In basal blister, hypertrophy and hyperplasia o mesophyll parenchyma cause an oval to elliptical bulge on the needle surface with a longitudinal split of the epidermal and hypodermal layers. In basal necrosis, the epidermal and hypodermal cells become necrotic, while the underlying mesophyll cells undergo structural disorganization. The causal agents are not known but in this study scale insects and deposition of airborne pollutants were associated with basal injury syndrome. The occurrence of basal injury symptoms increased with the age of the needles and the ambient concentration of acid rain precursors. The sulfur and fluoride concentration of the fascicular sheath also increased with the age of the foliage and the ambient pollutant concentrations. Basal injury on sites remote from strong sources of air pollution was significantly correlated with fascicular sheath sulfur concentrations within age-classes of older foliage. These remote site correlations occurred at basal injury rates and fascicular sheath sulfur concentrations lower than those typical of acutely impacted sites near strong sources of air pollution, and thus may represent a chronic impact resulting from acid deposition over wide geographic regions. A soft-bodied scale insect, Matsucoccus secretus Morrison, was often found under the fascicular sheath of Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws, but did not appear to be a primary cause of basal injury.
Leptin administered in physiologic or pharmacologic doses does not regulate circulating angiogenesis factors in humans (2011)

Introduction Leptin has been shown to regulate angiogenesis in animal and in vitro studies by upregulating the expression of several pro-angiogenic factors, but its role in regulating angiogenesis has never been studied in humans. Methods We conducted 2 studies. First, a short-term, interventional study of 15 healthy, normoleptinemic men and women, to whom metreleptin was administered in escalating doses (physiologic, 0.1 mg/kg, and pharmacologic, 0.3 mg/kg) on two admissions separated by 1–12 weeks. Serum was collected at 0, 6, 12, and 24 hrs post-metreleptin to evaluate its acute effects on angiogenesis. Second, a prospective, double-blinded RCT of 20 women with hypothalamic amenorrhea and hypoleptinemia (leptin levels < 5ng/ml) that were randomized in a 1:1 fashion to receive either metreleptin (0.08–0.12 mg/kg qd) or placebo for 32 weeks. Serum was collected at 0, 8, 20, and 32 wks after randomization to evaluate the long-term effects of metreleptin in replacement doses in hypoleptinemic amenorrheic subjects. Main outcome measures included circulating levels of angiogenin, angiopoietin-1, PDGF-AA, MMP-8 and 9, EGF, and VEGF. Results Circulating concentrations of angiogenesis markers did not change significantly after acute or chronic administration of metreleptin. Conclusions Metreleptin administration does not regulate circulating angiogenesis factors in humans.