gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
How light gets through periodically nanostructured metal films: a role of surface polaritonic crystals (2003)

The physical origin of the enhanced optical transmission of periodically structured films related to surface plasmon polaritons is discussed from first principles. The enhancement of transmission through smooth, randomly rough and periodically nanostructured films is considered. Analysis shows that any metal (or dielectric) nanostructured film can exhibit enhanced transmission in certain spectral ranges corresponding to surface plasmon (or phonon) polariton Bloch mode states on a periodic structure. Resonant tunnelling via these states is responsible for the transmission enhancement. The properties of surface polaritonic crystals are analogous to those of photonic crystals and can find numerous applications for scaling down optical devices to nanometric dimensions as well as for designing novel nanostructured materials whose optical properties are determined by surface polariton interaction in a periodic structure.
Hygiene in der Dermatologie – Teil 2: Kommensalen und Infektionserreger, antimikrobielle Behandlung, Hygieneaspekte ausgewählter Infektionskrankheiten (2022)

Zusammenfassung In diesem Beitrag werden Kommensalen und relevante Infektionserreger des dermatologischen Patienten wie auch seiner Umgebung systematisch dargestellt und im Hinblick auf die krankenhaushygienische Bedeutung eingeordnet. Auf der antimikrobiellen Behandlung sowie Hygiene-Maßnahmen ausgewählter dermatologischer Erkrankungen liegt ein weiterer Fokus.
Identification of Human T Cell Antigens for the Development of Vaccines against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (2008)

Development of a subunit vaccine for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) depends on the identification of Ags that induce appropriate T cell responses. Using bioinformatics, we selected a panel of 94 Mtb genes based on criteria that included growth in macrophages, up- or down-regulation under hypoxic conditions, secretion, membrane association, or because they were members of the PE/PPE or EsX families. Recombinant proteins encoded by these genes were evaluated for IFN-gamma recall responses using PBMCs from healthy subjects previously exposed to Mtb. From this screen, dominant human T cell Ags were identified and 49 of these proteins, formulated in CpG, were evaluated as vaccine candidates in a mouse model of tuberculosis. Eighteen of the individual Ags conferred partial protection against challenge with virulent Mtb. A combination of three of these Ags further increased protection against Mtb to levels comparable to those achieved with bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination. Vaccine candidates that led to reduction in lung bacterial burden following challenge-induced pluripotent CD4 and CD8 T cells, including Th1 cell responses characterized by elevated levels of Ag-specific IgG2c, IFN-gamma, and TNF. Priority vaccine Ags elicited pluripotent CD4 and CD8 T responses in purified protein derivative-positive donor PBMCs. This study identified numerous novel human T cell Ags suitable to be included in subunit vaccines against tuberculosis.
Nanopartículas: fundamentos y aplicaciones - Capítulo XI: Nanoemulsiones – formación con baja energía (2015)

Se prohibe la reproduccion total o parcial de este libro asi como su tratamiento o distribucion informatica de alguna forma o por cualquier medio, ya sea electronico, magnetico, mecanico, fotocopia, registro u otros metodos, sin el permiso previo y por escrito del Departamento de Quimica de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad de Los Andes, Merida, Venezuela.
Positive and negative direct current bias effects on the microstructures and physical properties of hydrogenated amorphous carbon films prepared by radio frequency plasma chemical vapor deposition (1995)

Positive and negative direct current (dc) bias effects were investigated for the synthesis of hydrogenated amorphous carbon films in radio frequency plasma chemical vapor deposition at 0.025 Torr and 200 °C. The applied bias ranged from +250 to −500 V. Both the positive and negative dc bias effects are discussed on the basis of surface and cross-sectional morphology by scanning electron microscopy, deposition rate, threshold energy for photoelectron emission, contact angle, and adhesive strength of these films. For a negative bias, the surface of the film is very flat. The surface of the film deposited with no bias is somewhat pebbly while that of the film deposited with a positive bias is very rough and shows the presence of pores in the cross section. A negative bias substantially increases the deposition rate, refractive index, wettability, and adhesive strength. With no bias (ground potential), as compared to with a positive bias, there is a little increase in the wettability and adhesive force. The no bias case did not affect the properties arising from structural change, such as refractive index (density) and threshold energy for photoelectron emission (incorporated hydrogen). A positive bias did not affect these physical properties of the hydrogenated amorphous carbon films. These positive, negative, and no bias effects depend on the kinds of collision species and their collision energy against the substrate in the radio frequency plasma according to the additional bias conditions.
Abstract 17531: Two-Year Clinical Results Comparing Abciximab vs. Eptifibatide in Combination With 600mg vs. 300mg Clopidogrel Loading Dose in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Results from the HORIZONS-AMI Trial (2010)

Background: Platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors (GPI), abciximab (A) and eptifibatide (E), are commonly used in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing emergency angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Administration of the ADP receptor inhibitor clopidogrel is also indicated in STEMI. There are no comparative data on the types of GPI agents in combination with high or low (600 mg vs. 300 mg) clopidogrel loading doses. Methods: In this sub-study of the HORIZONS-AMI trial, we examined the 2-year clinical outcomes of STEMI patients treated in the heparin plus GPI study arm stratified by the loading dose of clopidogrel. We compared the 4 groups: A+clopidogrel 600 mg (A+C600, n= 612), A+clopidogrel 300 mg (A+C300, n= 346), E+clopidogrel 600 mg (E+C600, n= 565), and E+clopidogrel 300 mg (E+C300, n= 276). Major bleeding, major adverse events (MACE=death, reinfarction, target vessel revascularization (TVR), and stroke), and net adverse clinical events (NACE= MACE and major bleeding) were obtained. Results: All four groups had similar baseline ventricular function, conjunctive anti-thrombotic therapies, initial TIMI flow, and lesion severity. Among A+C600, A+C300, E+C600, E+C300, significant differences included hypertension (51%, 58%, 60%, 51%; p=0.007), diabetes (14%, 20%, 18%, 19%; p=0.10), LAD vessel PCI (37%, 46%, 45%, 42%; p=0.003), and closure device use (29%, 15%, 37%, 27%;p=0.001). At 30-day and 2-year follow-up, there were no differences in outcomes by univariate analysis (Table). Multivariate analysis controlling for baseline risks will be presented. Conclusion: Patients with STEMI treated with heparin, GPI, and clopidogrel showed similar bleeding risks and clinical efficacy after 2-year follow-up by univariate analysis, regardless of GPI type or clopidogrel loading dose combinations.
Procedimiento de atrapamiento de ácidos mediante desarrollo de un sistema gelificado de base silícica (2001)

Referencia OEPM: P9800835.-- Fecha de solicitud: 21/04/1998.-- Titular: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).
Design and Characterization of an E-booster Driven by an High Speed Brushless DC Motor (2013)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Engine downsizing has become one of the main strategies to reduce C02 emission. Turbochargers are well-adapted to this purpose but one of their biggest drawbacks is the turbo-lag which reduces the driving comfort especially during acceleration. Electrically driven compressors also known as E-compressor or E-booster could be a well-adapted solution to boost the engine intake pressure in order to reduce the turbo-lag. Since centrifugal compressors operate at high rotational speeds, high speed electric machines are therefore required. To achieve a significant reduction of the turbo-lag, a very fast response time is needed leading to the development of electric machines able to typically spin from idle to 75kRPM in less than 300ms.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;With 20 years of expertise in the development of innovative brushless DC motors for automotive applications, MMT has recently investigated the design of such high power-high rotation speed motors. After first integrated an electric motor into a turbocharger described in [&lt;span class="xref"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;], MMT has decided to optimize the complete system in collaboration with SwissAuto Wenko AG, a specialist in the design and characterization of advanced charging systems. The initial specification was an overpressure of 1.3 within 300ms, reached by using a 2kW@80kRPMs electric motor. The motor optimization, the mechanical design of the system as well as experimental measurements are presented. Details about the brushless DC motor design will be given as well as compressor maps and transient response behaviors. Results will also show that the transient state performances are better than expected.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
DNA-Wirkstoffe – Herstellung und Qualitätssicherung (2001)

No translation.
Microbiota of Urine, Glans and Prostate Biopsies in Patients with Prostate Cancer Reveals a Dysbiosis in the Genitourinary System (2023)

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignant neoplasm with the highest worldwide incidence in men aged 50 years and older. Emerging evidence suggests that the microbial dysbiosis may promote chronic inflammation linked to the development of PCa. Therefore, this study aims to compare the microbiota composition and diversity in urine, glans swabs, and prostate biopsies between men with PCa and non-PCa men. Microbial communities profiling was assessed through 16S rRNA sequencing. The results indicated that α-diversity (number and abundance of genera) was lower in prostate and glans, and higher in urine from patients with PCa, compared to non-PCa patients. The different genera of the bacterial community found in urine was significantly different in PCa patients compared to non-PCa patients, but they did not differ in glans and prostate. Moreover, comparing the bacterial communities present in the three different samples, urine and glans show a similar genus composition. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed significantly higher levels of the genera <i>Streptococcus</i>, <i>Prevotella</i>, <i>Peptoniphilus</i>, <i>Negativicoccus</i>, <i>Actinomyces</i>, <i>Propionimicrobium</i>, and <i>Facklamia</i> in urine of PCa patients, whereas <i>Methylobacterium</i>/<i>Methylorubrum</i>, <i>Faecalibacterium</i>, and <i>Blautia</i> were more abundant in the non-PCa patients. In glans, the genus <i>Stenotrophomonas</i> was enriched in PCa subjects, while <i>Peptococcus</i> was more abundant in non-PCa subjects. In prostate, <i>Alishewanella</i>, <i>Paracoccus</i>, <i>Klebsiella</i>, and <i>Rothia</i> were the overrepresented genera in the PCa group, while <i>Actinomyces</i>, <i>Parabacteroides</i>, <i>Muribaculaceae</i> sp., and <i>Prevotella</i> were overrepresented in the non-PCa group. These findings provide a strong background for the development of potential biomarkers with clinical interest.
Ethanol/water extracts from halophyte species <i>Arthrocnemum macrostachyum</i> and <i>Tetraena qatarensis</i> (2018)

Microwave-assisted extraction using various concentrations of ethanol in water (25%, 50%, 75% v/v) was carried out using biomass from halophytes; Arthrocnemum macrostachyum and Tetraena qatarensis. Total phenolic content (TPC; expressed as mg Gallic acid equivalent; GAE) and antioxidant activity using half-maximal inhibitory concentration of DPPH-free radical (IC50; expressed as µg/mL) was highest in extracts from 75% ethanol in both plant species; TPC = 45.6 ± 1.0 and 54.4 ± 0.8 mg GAE/g extract; IC50 = 62.7 ± 0.4 and 67.9 ± 4.8 µg/mL for A. macrostachyum and T. qatarensis, respectively. UV-VIS spectral analysis and metabolome profile analysis obtained using UHPLC-Q-ToF-MS suggest the 50% and 75% ethanol extracts are similar in A. macrostachyum, whereas the 25% and 50% ethanol extracts are similar in T. qatarensis. Increasing the concentration of ethanol results in phytoextracts with greater chemical complexity.
Incarceration of (PdO)<sub><i>n</i></sub> and Pd<sub><i>n</i></sub> Clusters by Cage‐Templated Synthesis of Hollow Silica Nanoparticles (2012)

Imprisoned palladium: A unique approach is developed to incarcerate metal clusters with strictly controlled n values within hollow silica nanoparticles. A Pd12L24 spherical complex is used as a template for the hollow silica synthesis. The incarcerated Pd12L24 core is calcinated to give (PdO)n oxide clusters and subsequently reduced to Pdn metal clusters within the protective hollow silica.
Biotinylated Chlorin and Its Zinc and Indium Complexes: Synthesis and In Vitro Biological Evaluation for Photodynamic Therapy (2017)

The synthesis and characterization of biotinylated chlorin photosensitizer and the corresponding zinc and indium complexes are described for potential applications in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for cancer. Phototoxicity of the biotin-chlorin conjugate and the metallated complexes was determined in colon carcinoma CT26 cell lines known to overexpress biotin (Vit B₇) receptors. Cell survival assay indicated that the biotinylated chlorin and indium complex showed increased cell growth inhibition than the zinc complex and the starting chlorin (methyl pheophorbide). Fluorescence microcopy studies revealed the generation of apoptotic cells upon light irradiation of colon cells treated with the indium complex. Targeting biotin receptors in cancer cells can improve specificity of photosensitizers for PDT applications.
Atmospheric Plasma Treatment of Nylon 6,6 for Improved Interfacial Adhesion in Thermoplastic Composites (2015)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Procedure Results and Discussion Conclusions
Structure-activity studies of β-carbolines. 4. Crystal and molecular structures of <i>t</i>-butyl β-carboline-3-carboxylate and 2-(methoxycarbonyl)canthine-6-one (1988)

The crystal and molecular structures of two ligands for the benzodiazepine (BZ) receptor, t-butyl β-carboline-3-carboxylate, I (C 16 H 16 N 2 O 2 ), and 2-(methoxycarbonyl)canthin-6-one, II (C 16 H 10 N 2 O 3 ), are reported. The t-butyl β-carboline compound has high affinity for the receptor and is an antagonist; in contrast, the canthin-6-one has a 10-fold lower affinity for the receptor and no determinable in vivo activity. The space group for I is P2 1 /c with a = 11.756(1), b = 11.2324(8), c = 11.964(1) Å, and β = 105.99(1)°. For II, the space group is also P2 1 /c with a = 9.317(1), b = 7.964(1), c = 17.180(3) Å, and β = 104.173(7)°. The orientation of the alkyl-carboxylate side chain is different in the two molecules and may be related to the difference in affinity and in vivo activity of the ligands. In addition, the packing arrangements in the two structures are dominated by π-stacking interactions; and, in the case of the t-butyl compound, by hydrogen bonding.
Non-destructive evaluation of resistance projection welded joints (RPW) by flash thermography (2021)

Abstract Pulsed thermography is a well-known thermographic method used as nondestructive control for detecting defects and evaluating the quality of components. One of the most challenging application is the development of thermographic non-destructive methods on thin welds for quality control, in order to overcome the limits of commons non-destructive methods such as ultrasound tests (UT). In the present work, pulsed thermography in reflection mode with flash lamps excitation, post-processed by pulsed phase thermography (PPT), has been used on resistance projection welded joints (RPW). A set of RPW specimens has been produced according to a factorial plan and a procedure to identify welding parameters by analysing the phase profile has been developed. The results have been analysed by using the ANOVA and the features extracted have been verified.
Activity modulation in anaerobic ribonucleotide reductases: nucleotide binding to the ATP-cone allosterically mediates substrate binding to the active site (2023)

Abstract A small, nucleotide-binding domain, the ATP-cone, is found at the N-terminus of most ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalytic subunits. By binding ATP or dATP it regulates the enzyme activity of all classes of RNR. Functional and structural work on aerobic RNRs has revealed a plethora of ways in which dATP inhibits activity by inducing oligomerization and preventing a productive radical transfer from one subunit to the active site in the other. Anaerobic RNRs, on the other hand, store a stable glycyl radical next to the active site and the basis for their dATP-dependent inhibition is completely unknown. We present biochemical, biophysical and structural information on the effects of ATP and dATP binding to the anaerobic RNR from Prevotella copri . The enzyme exists in a dimer-tetramer equilibrium biased towards dimers when two ATP molecules are bound to the ATP-cone and tetramers when two dATP molecules are bound. In the presence of ATP, P. copri NrdD is active and has a fully ordered glycyl radical domain (GRD) in one monomer of the dimer. Binding of dATP to the ATP-cone results in loss of activity and increased dynamics of the GRD, such that it can not be detected in the cryo-EM structures. The glycyl radical is formed even in the dATP-bound form, but the substrate does not bind. The structures implicate a complex network of interactions in activity regulation that involve the GRD more than 30 Å away from the dATP molecules, the allosteric substrate specificity site and a conserved but previously unseen flap over the active site. Taken together, the results suggest that dATP inhibition in anaerobic RNRs acts by increasing the flexibility of the flap and GRD, thereby preventing both substrate binding and radical mobilisation.
Velocity model building with wave equation migration velocity focusing analysis (2008)

We describe a velocity estimation technique which uses the time‐shift imaging condition for wave equation prestack depth migration. The time‐shift parameter is converted to a perturbation in RMS velocity, which we convert to interval velocity. Our approach can resolve velocity errors in the presence of subsurface complexity that would hamper velocity analysis with surface data. We demonstrate the method on a realistic 2D synthetic land example.
Characterization of Proenkephalin‐Cleaving Proteinases in Bovine Adrenal Chromaffin Granules Using [<sup>35</sup>S]Proenkephalin Copolymerized into Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate‐Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (1992)

Proteinases capable of cleaving proenkephalin into smaller peptides have been identified in bovine adrenal chromaffin granules using [35S]methionine-labeled recombinant rat proenkephalin as a selective substrate in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis proteinase radiozymography. This technique was used for the screening of subcellular fractions, general characterization of pH optima, and the mechanistic characterization of proteinases with both reversible and irreversible inhibitors. Two enzymes with approximate molecular masses of 76 and 30 kDa were shown to be localized to the highest-density fractions of chromaffin granules by sucrose density gradient fractionation. Both were enriched in a 1 M NaCl wash of purified chromaffin granule membranes, were active at high pH, and were characterized as serine proteinases based on inhibition by soybean trypsin inhibitor. The 30-kDa enzyme was also inhibited by diisopropyl fluorophosphate, D-Phe-Pro-Arg-CH2Cl, and D-Val-Phe-Lys-CH2Cl and appeared to be the previously described adrenal trypsin-like enzyme. A third enzyme, of 66 kDa, was also associated with the 1 M NaCl wash of purified chromaffin granule membranes but was not localized exclusively to chromaffin granules in sucrose gradients. This proteinase was found to be Ca2+ activated and inhibited by EDTA but not diisopropyl fluorophosphate, soybean trypsin inhibitor, p-chloromercuriphenylsulfonic acid, 1,10-phenanthroline, or pepstatin.
Dirty Paper Coding for the MIMO Cognitive Radio Channel with Imperfect CSIT (2009)

A Dirty Paper Coding (DPC) based transmission scheme for the Gaussian multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) cognitive radio channel (CRC) is studied when there is imperfect and perfect channel knowledge at the transmitters (CSIT) and the receivers, respectively. In particular, the problem of optimizing the sum-rate of the MIMO CRC over the transmit covariance matrices is dealt with. Such an optimization, under the DPC-based transmission strategy, needs to be performed jointly with an optimization over the inflation factor. To this end, first the problem of determination of inflation factor over the MIMO channel $Y=H_1 X + H_2 S + Z$ with imperfect CSIT is investigated. For this problem, two iterative algorithms, which generalize the corresponding algorithms proposed for the channel $Y=H(X+S)+Z$, are developed. Later, the necessary conditions for maximizing the sum-rate of the MIMO CRC over the transmit covariances for a given choice of inflation factor are derived. Using these necessary conditions and the algorithms for the determination of the inflation factor, an iterative, numerical algorithm for the joint optimization is proposed. Some interesting observations are made from the numerical results obtained from the algorithm. Furthermore, the high-SNR sum-rate scaling factor achievable over the CRC with imperfect CSIT is obtained.
Morbus-Recklinghausen-Patientin mit multiplen Herdbefunden im Mammografie-Screening (2013)

Es sind unterschiedliche Arten der Neurofibromatose bekannt, wobei vor allem die Typen 1 (NF-1) und 2 (NF-2) aufgrund der Häufigkeit von klinischer Bedeutung sind. Die NF-1 wird auch als Morbus Recklinghausen bezeichnet und ist eine autosomal dominante, monogene, durch eine Mutation des NF-1-Tumorsuppressorgens verursachte Multiorganerkrankung. Sie manifestiert sich vor allem im Nervensystem und an der Haut und zählt daher zur Gruppe der neurokutanen Erkrankungen (Phakomatosen). Die betroffenen Patienten fallen durch ein breites Spektrum neurokutaner Abnormitäten, wie milchkaffeefarbene Pigmentstörungen (Café-au-lait-Läsionen), Neurofibrome, Freckling (= Sommersprossen-ähnliche Läsionen an normalerweise nicht Sonnenlicht-exponierten Körperstellen) in den Achselhöhlen und den Inguinalregionen und Lisch-Knötchen (gelblich/bräunliche erhabene Hamartome) der Iris auf. Café-au-lait-Läsionen sind scharf und unregelmäßig begrenzte, oft schon bei der Geburt vorhandene Pigmentstörungen. Neurofibrome manifestieren sich in Form von weichen, hautfarbenen bzw. leicht rötlichen, bezüglich ihrer Form und Größe variablen Läsionen, die sich oft erst im Erwachsenenalter entwickeln. Diese benignen Tumore gehen bei der NF-1 gewöhnlich von Zellen des peripheren, bei der NF-2 primär von Zellen des zentralen Nervensystems aus.