gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lignin Nanoparticles: A Promising Tool to Improve Maize Physiological, Biochemical, and Chemical Traits (2021)

Lignin, and its derivatives, are the subject of current research for the exciting properties shown by this biomass. Particularly attractive are lignin nanoparticles for their eco- and biocompatibility compared to other nanomaterials. In this context, the effect of nanostructured lignin microparticles (LNP), obtained from alkaline lignin by acid treatment, on maize plants was investigated. To this end, maize seeds were primed with LNP at five concentrations: 80 mg L<sup>-1</sup> (T80), 312 mg L<sup>-1</sup> (T312), 1250 mg L<sup>-1</sup> (T1250), 5000 mg L<sup>-1</sup> (T5000) and 20,000 mg L<sup>-1</sup> (T20000). Concerning the dose applied, LNP prompted positive effects on the first stages of maize development (germination and radicle length). Furthermore, the study of plant growth, biochemical and chemical parameters on the developed plants indicated that concerning the dose applied. LNP stimulated beneficial effects on the seedlings (fresh weight and length of shoots and roots). Besides, specific treatments increased the content of chlorophyll (a and b), carotenoid, and anthocyanin. Finally, the soluble protein content showed a positive trend in response to specific dosages. These effects are significant, given the essential biological function performed by these biomolecules. In conclusion, this research indicates as the nanostructured lignin microparticles can be used, at appropriate dosages, to induce positive biological responses in maize. This beneficial action deserves attention as it candidates LNP for biostimulating a crop through seed priming.
Spin Relaxation Benchmarks and Individual Qubit Addressability for Holes in Quantum Dots (2020)

We investigate hole spin relaxation in the single- and multihole regime in a 2 × 2 germanium quantum dot array. We find spin relaxation times <i>T</i><sub>1</sub> as high as 32 and 1.2 ms for quantum dots with single- and five-hole occupations, respectively, setting benchmarks for spin relaxation times for hole quantum dots. Furthermore, we investigate qubit addressability and electric field sensitivity by measuring resonance frequency dependence of each qubit on gate voltages. We can tune the resonance frequency over a large range for both single and multihole qubits, while simultaneously finding that the resonance frequencies are only weakly dependent on neighboring gates. In particular, the five-hole qubit resonance frequency is more than 20 times as sensitive to its corresponding plunger gate. Excellent individual qubit tunability and long spin relaxation times make holes in germanium promising for addressable and high-fidelity spin qubits in dense two-dimensional quantum dot arrays for large-scale quantum information.
PREFER (2001)

Users often need to optimize the selection of objects by appropriately weighting the importance of multiple object attributes. Such optimization problems appear often in operations' research and applied mathematics as well as everyday life; e.g., a buyer may select a home as a weighted function of a number of attributes like its distance from office, its price, its area, etc.
ChemInform Abstract: Tungsten Carbide (WC) Synthesis from Novel Precursors. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effects of minocycline hydrochloride on extra‐skeletal bone formation in a guided bone generation model. A comparative histomorphometric study in rat calvaria (2020)

Background: Alveolar ridge atrophy is a limiting factor for implant supported prosthodontics. The concept of Guided Bone Regeneration, using a barrier membrane to protect the defect from soft-tissue invasion, is an established treatment option for bone augmentation. Tetracyclines are used in dentistry as an antimicrobial adjuvant to manage periodontal diseases. Minocycline-HCl has proven effects on bone metabolism that make this molecule an interesting subject for research in regenerative medicine. Aim/Hypothesis: Since Minocycline-HCl acts as an osteogenic agent with a great affinity to hydroxyapatite of bones and dental hard tissues the purpose of the present study in the rat was to investigate whether this molecule could influence new extra-skeletal bone generation in a Guided Bone Augmentation model. Materials and Methods: Two titanium caps were placed on each side of the sagittal cranial suture of the rat calvaria. On one side, the cap was simply placed on the intact calvaria (control group). On the other side, the cortical bone plate of the calvaria was perforated (test group I) prior to placement of the test device. In series two, the minocycline treated series, the surgical protocol was identical to that of the first series and in addition the animals were given systemic minocycline in the drinking water (test group II and test group III with cortical perforations). For each observation time (4, 8 and 16 weeks) the samples were fixed, decalcified and embedded in paraffin for classical histomorphometric analysis. Results: The control site had performed a substantial augmentation of the original calvaria bone after 16 weeks of healing (137.8% ± 25.8%). The results revealed better tissue fill in the test chambers at 16 weeks, compared to the control sites: 172.8% ± 41.7% in group I, 182.7% ± 47.3% in group II and 253.9% ± 38.9% in group III. The ratio of mineralized tissues increased continuously in all control and test groups. The NO-perforated specimen of control group and test group II showed 60.48% ± 11.82% respectively 69.4 ± 23.8% of mineralization. The perforated caps of group I (81.5% ± 4.0%) and group III (77.7%± 18.2%) had performed most new lamellar bone. Conclusions and Clinical Implications: The results of the present study indicated that stimulating the blood supply and thus facilitating access for the isogenic cells by cortical perforations might be favourable to increasing extra skeletal bone neogenesis. Furthermore, it is likely that the combination of marrow opening, and systemic minocycline addition has an accelerating and enhancing effect on vertical bone augmentation in rodent models. Keywords: Minocycline, Vertical bone augmentation, Guided bone regeneration, Cortical perforations
Optimizing the Relaxivity of MRI Probes at High Magnetic Field Strengths With Binuclear GdIII Complexes (2018)

The key criteria to optimize the relaxivity of a Gd(III) contrast agent at high fields (defined as the region ≥ 1.5 T) can be summarized as follows: (i) the occurrence of a rotational correlation time τ<sub>R</sub> in the range of ca. 0.2-0.5 ns; (ii) the rate of water exchange is not critical, but a τ<sub>M</sub> < 100 ns is preferred; (iii) a relevant contribution from water molecules in the second sphere of hydration. In addition, the use of macrocycle-based systems ensures the formation of thermodynamically and kinetically stable Gd(III) complexes. Binuclear Gd(III) complexes could potentially meet these requirements. Their efficiency depends primarily on the degree of flexibility of the linker connecting the two monomeric units, the absence of local motions and the presence of contribution from the second sphere water molecules. With the aim to maximize relaxivity (per Gd) over a wide range of magnetic field strengths, two binuclear Gd(III) chelates derived from the well-known macrocyclic systems DOTA-monopropionamide and HPDO3A (Gd<sub>2</sub><b>L1</b> and Gd<sub>2</sub><b>L2</b>, respectively) were synthesized through a multistep synthesis. Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) experiments carried out on Eu<sub>2</sub><b>L2</b> at different pH showed the occurrence of a CEST effect at acidic pH that disappears at neutral pH, associated with the deprotonation of the hydroxyl groups. Then, a complete <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>17</sup>O NMR relaxometric study was carried out in order to evaluate the parameters that govern the relaxivity associated with these complexes. The relaxivities of Gd<sub>2</sub><b>L1</b> and Gd<sub>2</sub><b>L2</b> (20 MHz, 298 K) are 8.7 and 9.5 mM<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, +77% and +106% higher than the relaxivity values of the corresponding mononuclear GdDOTAMAP-En and GdHPDO3A complexes. A significant contribution of second sphere water molecules was accounted for the strong relaxivity enhancement of Gd<sub>2</sub><b>L2</b>. MR phantom images of the dinuclear complexes compared to GdHPDO3A, recorded at 7 T, confirmed the superiority of Gd<sub>2</sub><b>L2</b>. Finally, ab initio (DFT) calculations were performed to obtain information about the solution structure of the dinuclear complexes.
An RGD small-molecule integrin antagonist induces detachment-mediated anoikis in glioma cancer stem cells (2018)

The malignancy of glioblastoma (GB) is primarily due to the ability of glioma cancer stem cells (GSC) to disseminate into surrounding brain tissues, despite surgery and chemotherapy, and to form new tumoral masses. Members of the RGD-binding integrin family, which recognize the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) sequence present in components of the extracellular matrix, and which serve a crucial function in the dissemination of GCS, are overexpressed in GB. Small-molecule integrin antagonists (SMIAs) designed to recognize RGD-integrins may therefore be an effective tool for decreasing GB infiltration and recurrence. In the present study, in vitro pro-apoptotic and infiltrative effects elicited by the SMIA 1a‑RGD in human GSC were investigated. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that, compared with normal human astrocytes, GSC grown on laminin-coated dishes overexpressed stemness markers as well as αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins. In addition, dissociated GSC were identified to exhibit tumorigenic capacity when injected into immunodeficient mice. Using annexin/fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis and ELISA nucleosome assays, it was identified that treatment of GSC with 25 µM 1a‑RGD for 48 h elicited detachment‑dependent anoikis not accompanied by necrosis-dependent cell death. A colorimetric proliferation assay indicated that 1a‑RGD did not affect cell viability, but that, instead, it markedly inhibited GSC migration as assessed using a Transwell assay. Western blot experiments revealed a decrease in focal adhesion kinase and protein kinase B phosphorylation with a concomitant increase in caspase-9 and -3/7 activity following 1a‑RGD treatment, suggesting that the pro-anoikis effects of 1a‑RGD may be mediated by these molecular mechanisms. Western blot analysis revealed no changes in specific markers of autophagy, suggesting further that 1a‑RGD-induced cell death is primarily sustained by anoikis-associated mechanisms. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that SMIA have potential as a therapeutic tool for decreasing GSC dissemination.
Foliar and nontarget deposition from conventional and reduced-volume pesticide application in greenhouses (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFoliar and nontarget deposition from conventional and reduced-volume pesticide application in greenhousesD. Ken. Giles, T. Craig. Blewett, Steven G. Saiz, Angelica M. Welsh, and Robert I. KriegerCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1992, 40, 12, 2510–2516Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00024a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00024a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views160Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Immune-enhancing screening of fourteen plants on murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells (2019)

Purpose: To investigate the potential immune-enhancing effects of fourteen natural plant extracts on mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells.Methods: Fourteen plant extracts from 7 different plants were tested on RAW 264.7 cells to determine their immunostimulant activities. Methylthiazolydiphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Griess assays were performed to evaluate cell viability and nitric oxide (NO) production, respectively. Then, immune related proteins were measured by western blot analysis, while cytokines and phagocytic activity were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.Results: Among the 14 plant extracts, the hot water extract of Agastache rugose was selected based on the screening results on NO production. The hot water extract of A. rugose significantly increased NO production in a concentration-dependent manner without any cytotoxicity. In addition, the expression levels of proteins (iNOS and COX-2) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12) closely related to immune reaction were also significantly upregulated. Furthermore, phagocytic activity of RAW 264.7 cells significantly increased following treatment with A. rugosa.Conclusion: The hot water extract of A. rugosa exhibits significant immune-stimulant activity. Therefore, A. rugosa can be used as a natural resource for immune enhancement or dietary supplement.Keywords: Immune enhancing activity, Macrophage polarization, Natural plant extracts, Agastache rugosa, RAW 264.7
MANUAL OPERATIVO DE CAMPO. SISTEMA MEXICANO PARA LA ADMINISTRACION DE LOS PAVIMENTOS (SIMAP) (1990)

El Manual Operativo de Campo forma parte del Sistema Mexicano para la Administracion de los Pavimentos (SIMAP) primera fase, conservacion, y pretende ser una ayuda para los ingenieros de campo responsables de obtener la informacion necesaria para conformar los datos que se requieren de entrada al sistema de computo. Pretende describir de una manera simple los pasos que conviene seguir para estandarizar datos de campo y recomendaciones para que las medidas efectuadas sean lo mas confiables posible; con los parametros obtenidos en el campo, el usuario estara en posibilidad de integrar los datos de entrada para los 7 subsistemas que conforman el SIMAP. Se incluye en la publicacion la programacion de estudios, recursos humanos requeridos, informacion basica de datos de campo para los seis primeros subsistemas y los anexos respectivos con formatos de campo.
The humanities in Norway: research, research organisation and external engagement (2016)

The humanities are widely discussed in the science policy debate in Norway. Several books have been published on the field’s nature and uniqueness, and its framework conditions are discussed in leading newspapers and especially in the weekly Morgenbladet, which for a long time ran a series about the “crisis in the humanities”. The field is currently undergoing one of the regular large-scale evaluations coordinated by the Research Council of Norway, and a White Paper on the humanities will be published in 2017. For all these purposes it is important to base them on solid empirical knowledge about what humanities researchers actually do, how they organise their research activities and how they collaborate inside and outside the higher education sector. In this report new analyses are carried out on a large-scale dataset based on a survey to tenured scientific personnel in Norwegian universities and colleges.
Radiocollars do not affect the survival or foraging behaviour of wild meerkats (2007)

Abstract The practice of radiocollaring is increasingly being used in the study of wild animal populations. However, methods of tracking and monitoring are known to affect some species negatively. On a wild population of habituated meerkats Suricata suricatta , we investigated the potential costs and consequences of carrying a radiocollar for small carnivores, focusing on detailed aspects of foraging behaviour and survival. Radiocollared individuals were no more likely to be predated than non‐collared individuals in the same social group. We also found that collaring did not affect foraging efficiency, with collared individuals being equally efficient foragers (four measures) while wearing a collar compared with the pre‐collaring period. To control for group‐specific events, changes in foraging efficiency after collaring were compared with the behaviour of control individuals from the same group and no significant differences were found. In conclusion, we found no evidence to suggest radiocollars impact negatively on the bearer's welfare, survival or foraging ability.
In Vivo Efficacy of Antimicrobial-Coated Devices (2007)

Background: Since device colonization is a prelude to infection, an antimicrobial-coated device that reduces bacterial colonization can potentially protect against infection. The objective of this animal study was to assess the efficacy of a coating with minocycline and rifampin to prevent colonization of a grit-blasted titanium implant and subsequent osteomyelitis. Methods: Twenty-five rabbits underwent implantation of a titanium-alloy pin, either coated with minocycline and rifampin (thirteen rabbits) or uncoated (twelve rabbits), into the right femoral medullary canal. The implanted devices were inoculated with 500 CFU (colony-forming units) of Staphylococcus aureus prior to wound closure. The rabbits were killed one week later, and the removed device, femoral bone, a specimen obtained by swabbing the track surrounding the device, and blood were cultured. The rates of device colonization, osteomyelitis, and device-related osteomyelitis were compared between the two groups of rabbits. Results: The antimicrobial-coated devices had a significantly lower rate of colonization than the uncoated devices (five of thirteen compared with twelve of twelve, p = 0.0016) and were associated with significantly lower rates of osteomyelitis (six of thirteen compared with twelve of twelve, p = 0.005) and device-related osteomyelitis (five of thirteen compared with twelve of twelve, p = 0.0016). Bacteremia did not develop in any rabbit. Conclusions: Orthopaedic devices coated with minocycline and rifampin significantly protected against device colonization and infection due to Staphylococcus aureus in this in vivo rabbit model. Clinical Relevance: It is possible that orthopaedic devices coated with this unique combination of antimicrobial agents may protect against the development of clinical infection in humans.
Aerosol direct fluorination. Synthesis of perfluoroadamantane, the penultimate step (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAerosol direct fluorination. Synthesis of perfluoroadamantane, the penultimate stepJ. L. Adcock and M. L. RobinCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 18, 3128–3130Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00166a047https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00166a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views125Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
DNA-Strand Breaks Induced by Dimethylarsinic Acid, a Metabolite of Inorganic Arsenics, Are Strongly Enhanced by Superoxide Anion Radicals. (1995)

We previously reported that dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA), a major metabolite of inorganic arsenics, induced DNA single-strand breaks (ssb) both in vivo and in cultured alveolar type II (L-132) cells in vitro, possibly via the production of dimethylarsenic peroxyl radicals. Here, the interaction of superoxide anion radicals (O2-) in the induction of ssb in L-132 cells was investigated using paraquat, an O2(-)-producing agent. A significant enhancement of ssb formation was observed in the DMAA-exposed cells when coexposed to paraquat. This enhancement occurred even when post-exposed to DMAA after washing, suggesting that the DMAA exposure caused some modification of DNA such as DNA-adducts, which was recognized by active oxygens to form ssb. An experiment with UV-irradiation, which was likely to induce ssb at the modified region, supported the possibility of DNA modification by DMAA exposure. An ESR study indicated that O2- produced by paraquat in DMAA-exposed cells was more consumed than in non-exposed cells, assumingly through the reaction with the dimethylarsenic-modified region of DNA. The species of active oxygens were estimated by using diethyldithiocarbamate, aminotriazole, diethylmaleate, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), gamma-irradiation and ethanol. O2- but neither H2O2 nor hydroxyl radicals was very likely to contribute to the ssb-enhancing action of paraquat.
Effects of Pre-Collegiate Sport Specialization on Cognitive, Postural, and Psychological Functions: Findings from the NCAA-DoD CARE Consortium (2022)

This study indicated first-year collegiate athletes with a history of sport specialization demonstrate lower cognitive performance but decreased psychological distress and no differences in static postural stability as compared to their MA counterparts. Future studies should consider involving different health measures to better understand the influence of sport specialization on overall physical and mental health.