gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dilute-anion III-nitride: A potential visible light emitter (2016)

The spontaneous emission characteristics of InGaN / dilute-As GaNAs interface quantum well for the visible spectral regime were calculated and analyzed, and the findings revealed the strong potential of implementing the dilute-anion IIINitride alloy as active region for high efficiency visible light emitter.
Gas-Phase Reaction of Halon 1211 (CBrClF<sub>2</sub>) with Methane (2001)

The nonoxidative gas-phase reaction of halon 1211 (CBrClF2) with methane was studied using a tubular plug-flow alumina reactor at atmospheric pressure, over the temperature range of 673−1073 K, and at residence times between 0.1 and 1.3 s. With an equimolar feed of CBrClF2 and CH4, complete halon conversion was achieved at 1073 K for all residence times considered. The initial products of the reaction are CHClF2 and CH3Br, which are replaced by C2H2F2 at elevated temperatures. We suggest C2H2F2 is produced from the direct coupling of CH3 and CF2Cl radicals, which rapidly decompose to C2H2F2 and HCl. Minor products formed during reaction include C2H3F, CHF3, C2F4, CHBrF2, and C2HBrF2. The formation of CHClF2, C2F4, CHBrF2, and C2HClF2 was observed to reach a maximium at specific residence times, and formation of soot was detected above 943 K. Possible mechanistic pathways for major and some minor species are discussed.
Dual spike and nucleocapsid mRNA vaccination confer protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta variants in preclinical models (2022)

Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs), including the highly transmissible Omicron and Delta strains, has posed constant challenges to the current COVID-19 vaccines that principally target the viral spike protein (S). Here, we report a nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine that expresses the more conserved viral nucleoprotein (mRNA-N) and show that mRNA-N vaccination alone can induce modest control of SARS-CoV-2. Critically, combining mRNA-N with the clinically proven S-expressing mRNA vaccine (mRNA-S+N) induced robust protection against both Delta and Omicron variants. In the hamster models of SARS-CoV-2 VOC challenge, we demonstrated that, compared to mRNA-S alone, combination mRNA-S+N vaccination not only induced more robust control of the Delta and Omicron variants in the lungs but also provided enhanced protection in the upper respiratory tract. In vivo CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell depletion suggested a potential role for CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in protection conferred by mRNA-S+N vaccination. Antigen-specific immune analyses indicated that N-specific immunity, as well as augmented S-specific immunity, was associated with enhanced protection elicited by the combination mRNA vaccination. Our findings suggest that combined mRNA-S+N vaccination is an effective approach for promoting broad protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Epitope mapping of the O‐chain polysaccharide of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> serogroup 1 lipopolysaccharide  by saturation‐transfer‐difference NMR spectroscopy (2002)

Two modifications of 5-acetimidoylamino-7-acetamido-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-2-ulosonic acid (5-N-acetimidoyl-7-N-acetyllegionaminic acid) in the O-chain polysaccharide (OPS) of the Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concern N-methylation of the 5-N-acetimidoyl group in legionaminic acid. Both N-methylated substituents, the (N,N-dimethylacetimidoyl) amino and acetimidoyl(N-methyl)amino group, could be allocated to one single legionaminic acid residue in the long- and middle-chain OPS, respectively. Using mutants devoid of N-methylated legionaminic acid derivatives, it could be shown that N-methylation of legionaminic acid correlated with the expression of the mAb 2625 epitope. In the present study we investigated the binding of the LPS-specific monoclonal antibody mAb 2625 to isolated OPS with surface-plasmon-resonance biomolecular interaction analysis and saturation-transfer-difference (STD) NMR spectroscopy in order to map the mAb 2625 epitope on a molecular level. It could be demonstrated that the binding affinity of the N-methylated legionaminic acid derivatives was independent from the size of the isolated OPS molecular species. In addition, STD NMR spectroscopic studies with polysaccharide ligands with an average molecular mass of up to 14 kDa revealed that binding was mainly mediated via the N-methylated acetimidoylamino group and via the closely located 7-N-acetyl group of the respective legionaminic acid residue, thus indicating these derivatives to represent the major epitope of mAb 2625.
Glycosphingolipids are modulators of disease pathogenesis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2015)

Recent genetic evidence suggests that aberrant glycosphingolipid metabolism plays an important role in several neuromuscular diseases including hereditary spastic paraplegia, hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1, and non-5q spinal muscular atrophy. Here, we investigated whether altered glycosphingolipid metabolism is a modulator of disease course in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Levels of ceramide, glucosylceramide, galactocerebroside, lactosylceramide, globotriaosylceramide, and the gangliosides GM3 and GM1 were significantly elevated in spinal cords of ALS patients. Moreover, enzyme activities (glucocerebrosidase-1, glucocerebrosidase-2, hexosaminidase, galactosylceramidase, α-galactosidase, and β-galactosidase) mediating glycosphingolipid hydrolysis were also elevated up to threefold. Increased ceramide, glucosylceramide, GM3, and hexosaminidase activity were also found in SOD1(G93A) mice, a familial model of ALS. Inhibition of glucosylceramide synthesis accelerated disease course in SOD1(G93A) mice, whereas infusion of exogenous GM3 significantly slowed the onset of paralysis and increased survival. Our results suggest that glycosphingolipids are likely important participants in pathogenesis of ALS and merit further analysis as potential drug targets.
Coupled Electro-Thermal Transient Analysis of Superconducting DC Transmission Systems Using FDTD and VEM Modeling (2017)

In this paper, detailed mathematical formulation of a coupled electro-thermal model for transient studies of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) transmission systems is presented. Regarding the thermal modeling, the volume-element method is used in order heat transfer equations on a two-dimensional axisymmetric cable model to be solved and temperature distribution over space and time to be determined. For the modeling of the electric part, a constant-parameter finite-difference time-domain method is utilized to calculate voltages and currents over space and time as well. The analysis is conducted on a bipolar cable suggested by the Electric Power Research Institute for long-distance HTS dc transmission to highlight the electric and thermal domain interaction under transient conditions. Different test cases are conducted to evaluate the electric and thermal transient performance of the examined HTS cable.
Oxides formed on polycrystalline titanium thin-film surfaces: rates of formation and composition of oxides formed at low and high O2 partial pressures (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxides formed on polycrystalline titanium thin-film surfaces: rates of formation and composition of oxides formed at low and high O2 partial pressuresMichael C. Burrell and Neal R. ArmstrongCite this: Langmuir 1986, 2, 1, 30–36Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00067a005https://doi.org/10.1021/la00067a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views460Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Trumpet synthesis using context-dependent envelopes (2002)

Synthesizing trumpet music in a natural-sounding way requires careful control. Even when synthesis is achieved by splicing together actual recorded trumpet tones, the result can sound artificial and unnatural. This is because natural notes are not played in isolation and are therefore influenced by neighboring notes and the musical context. In fact, a succession of notes played on the trumpet is likely to be a continuous sound with no separating silences. Improved synthesis can be obtained by calculating amplitude and frequency control envelopes that take context into consideration. In the combined spectral interpolation synthesis (CSIS) method, the spectrum is controlled by instantaneous frequency and rms amplitude. These, in turn, are controlled by envelopes computed by a rule-based system. To reduce the high dimensionality of envelopes (typically a vector of 200 samples per second), envelopes are specified by about ten parameters. This reduced set of parameters is computed from note attributes, most importantly, the duration and pitches of the current and preceding notes, and whether or not the notes are tongued or slurred. This procedure is described in detail, and synthesis results will be demonstrated.
Development of Thin Plate Pure Lead-Acid systems for evolving reserve power applications (2007)

This paper discusses the development of the Thin Plate Pure Lead-Acid (TPPL) battery technology to meet the changing demands of reserve power applications. The paper will present an overview of the unique performance characteristics of TPPL technology and will go on to consider the challenges faced as traditional applications evolve to meet the reserve power requirements for tomorrow. The key topics discussed include points such as changes to environmental conditions, how stand-by applications have moved from benign float to increasingly cyclic duty and the implications of cost down pressures to product performance and service life. In addition to this, the paper will go on to consider the development of strategies to counter measure the adverse impact of operating in harsh conditions and will demonstrate techniques that can be utilised to prolong service life by means of optimising charging regimes which exploit the long shelf life and excellent charge acceptance characteristics which are uniquely inherent properties of the TPPL technology. The observations of the performance characteristics for the TPPL technology facilitates consideration of how the technology can be utilised in applications previously considered beyond the scope of operational possibility, in addition to offering the end user enhanced operation in existing applications. It is hoped that the data provided in this paper will encourage dialogue between end users and the battery manufacturer to develop & deliver tailored energy storage solutions which meet the challenges & demands for both existing and future applications.
Initial assessment of the infant with neonatal cholestasis—Is this biliary atresia? (2017)

Despite the relatively good accuracy of our optimized prediction models, the high precision required for differentiating BA from Non-BA was not achieved. Accurate identification of BA in infants with neonatal cholestasis requires further evaluation, and BA should not be excluded based only on presenting clinical features.
UPS and UV-Vis Spectroscopies combined to position energy levels of nanopowders (2019)

The absolute electronic structure of nanopowders was determined using a combination of two spectroscopic methods: UPS and UV-Vis absorption. The study was conducted with manly TiO2-base materials. UPS provides the absolute energy level of the valence band maximum, the highest occupied energy level. Two ways to prepare the sample are discussed. The band gap was determined using the UV-Vis absorption. Combination of valence band maximum and band gap provide the conduction band minum. The absolute electronic structure was thus determined for rutile and anatase TiO2 phases and interpretation were made on their photocatalytic activity. Some conclusions were also made for another photocatalytic material, nickel sulfide supported on TiO2.
Fast acquisition digital tanlock loop with adaptive time delay (2004)

In this paper, a novel approach that enhances the locking and acquisition characteristics of the time delay digital tanlock loop is developed. The idea revolves around replacing the single time delay unit with a dual time delay structure. This approach extends the tracking range of the loop and exploits the desired characteristics induced by each time delay on its own. Simulation results of the new structure show that the newly developed loop can offer rapid acquisition and good tracking performance over a wide locking range. Application of the loop to the demodulation of FSK signal is demonstrated.
Photonic integrated circuits for optical displacement sensing (1996)

We discuss a III-V-based monolithically integrated measurement microsystem for optical displacement sensing. The sensor, consisting of a Michelson interferometer with an integrated DBR laser and waveguide photodetector, has been fabricated on a single GaAs substrate. Alignment requirements are reduced to that of a lens for beam collimation; displacement measurements with sub-1 O0 nm resolution have been performed. The same technology may also be employed for integrated optical refractometric chemical sensors.
Cleavage of <i>Scarecrow-like</i> mRNA Targets Directed by a Class of <i>Arabidopsis</i> miRNA (2002)

Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are regulatory molecules that mediate effects by interacting with messenger RNA (mRNA) targets. Here we show that Arabidopsis thaliana miRNA 39 (also known as miR171), a 21-ribonucleotide species that accumulates predominantly in inflorescence tissues, is produced from an intergenic region in chromosome III and functionally interacts with mRNA targets encoding several members of the Scarecrow-like (SCL) family of putative transcription factors. miRNA 39 is complementary to an internal region of three SCL mRNAs. The interaction results in specific cleavage of target mRNA within the region of complementarity, indicating that this class of miRNA functions like small interfering RNA associated with RNA silencing to guide sequence-specific cleavage in a developmentally controlled manner.
Analysis of Tertiary Interactions between SART3 and U6 Small Nuclear RNA Using Modified Nanocapillaries (2017)

We employed modified glass nanocapillaries to investigate interactions between the RNA-binding protein, known as cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells-3 (SART3), and the noncoding spliceosome component, U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA), at the single-molecule level. We functionalized the nanocapillaries with U6 snRNA fragments, which were hybridized to DNA molecules and then covalently attached to the nanocapillary surface. When transported through the modified nanocapillaries, two different SART3-derived constructs, HAT-RRM1-RRM2 and RRM1-RRM2, exhibited resistive ionic current pulses with different dwell times, which represented their different binding affinities to tethered U6 snRNAs. The dissociation constants (K<sub>D</sub>), estimated from the bias voltage dependence of translocation events, were approximately 1.9 μM and 201 μM for HAT-RRM1-RRM2 and RRM1-RRM2, respectively. These values were comparable to corresponding values obtained with isothermal titration calorimetry, demonstrating that the modified glass nanocapillaries are applicable to analyses of protein-ligand interactions at the single-molecule level.
Stearoyl‐2‐Lactylates and Oleoyl Lactylates (2014)

In the 1940s, one of the most prevalent emulsifiers used in bread baking in the United States was polyoxyethylene monostearate (POEMS). Lactylate esters are permitted for use as food additives in essentially all countries around the world. In the United States there are three separate regulations: calcium stearoyl lactylate (CSL), sodium stearoyl lactylate (SSL) and lactylic esters of fatty acids (LEFA). In the EU, there are only two regulations – one for the sodium salt and the other for the calcium salt. Lactylate esters are synthesized from food-grade fatty acids and lactic acid. The insoluble starch/lactylate complex resists retrogradation, resulting in improved starch function and reduced staling in bakery goods. The effect of lactylates on dough handling properties and proof volume are related to protein complexing. Lactylates are used in cookie and cracker formulations, primarily to achieve a more uniform distribution of shortening in the dough.
Vinylmagnesium Bromide (2001)

[1826-67-1] C2H3BrMg (MW 131.26) (introduction of a vinyl unit) Form Supplied in: widely available in solution in THF (1.0 M). Preparative Methods: prepared in situ from vinyl bromide and Magnesium in THF.3 Handling, Storage, and Precautions: the solution in THF must be handled with care since it is flammable and may ignite on contact with moisture and air. It should be stored and handled in an inert atmosphere (argon or nitrogen) and measured or transferred by means of a hypodermic syringe or cannula. The solution may deteriorate with time and the concentration of the reagent should be titrated before use.2
Paraspinal muscles in low back pain: Comparison between standard parameters and chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI (2023)

Low back pain (LBP) is a global health burden, and up to 90% of affected patients are diagnosed with non-specific LBP. A structure increasingly recognized as a potential contributor to LBP is paraspinal musculature (PSM). In this study we revealed that the fat fraction (FF) of PSM derived from chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI (CSE-MRI) is associated with the Goutallier classification (GC) at each lumbar level as well as with self-reported pain. In contrast, other parameters (muscle volume, lumbar indentation value [LIV], muscle-fat index [MFI]) do not significantly correlate to the FF, despite being frequently used to evaluate PSM quality.
Monolithic all-PM femtosecond Yb-fiber laser stabilized with a narrow-band fiber Bragg grating and pulse-compressed in a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (2008)

We report on an environmentally stable self-starting monolithic (i.e. without any free-space coupling) all-polarization-maintaining (PM) femtosecond Yb-fiber laser, stabilized against Q-switching by a narrow-band fiber Bragg grating and modelocked using a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror. The laser output is compressed in a spliced-on hollow-core PM photonic crystal fiber, thus providing direct end-of-the-fiber delivery of pulses of around 370 fs duration and 4 nJ energy with high mode quality. Tuning the pump power of the end amplifier of the laser allows for the control of output pulse bandwidth and duration. Our experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.
Construction of Substituted <i>N</i>‐Hydroxyindoles: Synthesis of a Nocathiacin I Model System (2005)

Generation (1→2) and trapping (2→3) of the fleeting α,β-unsaturated nitrone system 2 leads to the rare, biologically important N-hydroxyindole 3 in synthetically useful yields. This structural motif is found within the molecule of the antibiotic nocathiacin I.
ChemInform Abstract: Bifunctional Chiral Auxiliaries. Part 2. The Synthesis of 1,3‐ Diacylimidazolidin‐2‐ones from 1,2‐Diamines. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Deficits in spatial learning and motor coordination in ADAM11-deficient mice (2006)

Our results indicate that ADAM11 mutation does not affect cell migration and differentiation during development, but affects learning and motor coordination. Thus, ADAM11 might play an important signalling or structural role as a cell adhesion molecule at the synapse, and may thus participate in synaptic regulation underlying behavioural changes.
Acromegaly (1997)

Acromegaly, a clinical syndrome of acral enlargement and metabolic disturbances, is usually caused by the autonomous secretion of growth hormone (GH) by a monoclonal pituitary adenoma. Elevated GH and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels, if left untreated, lead to disfigurement, severe morbidity, and increased mortality. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment will ameliorate or reverse symptoms and improve patient outcome.
Energy-Efficiency in Cloud Computing Environments (2013)

Due to all the pollutants generated during its production and the steady increases in its rates, energy consumption is causing serious environmental and economic problems. In this context, the growing use and adoption of ICTs is being highlighted not only as one as the principal problem sources but also as one of the principal areas that could help in the problem’s reduction. Cloud computing is an emerging model for distributed utility computing and is being considered as an attractive opportunity for saving energy through central management of computational resources. To be successful, the design of energy-efficient mechanisms must start playing a mayor role. This paper argues the importance of energy-efficient mechanisms within cloud data centers and remarks on the significance of the “energy-performance” relationship in boosting the adoption of these mechanisms in real scenarios. It provides an analysis of the current approaches and the outline of key opportunities that need to be addressed to improve the “energy-performance” relationship in this promising model.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.