gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of end-user debugging software features (2005)

Although gender differences in a technological world are receiving significant research attention, much of the research and practice has aimed at how society and education can impact the successes and retention of female computer science professionals-but the possibility of gender issues within software has received almost no attention. If gender issues exist with some types of software features, it is possible that accommodating them by changing these features can increase effectiveness, but only if we know what these issues are. In this paper, we empirically investigate gender differences for end users in the context of debugging spreadsheets. Our results uncover significant gender differences in self-efficacy and feature acceptance, with females exhibiting lower self-efficacy and lower feature acceptance. The results also show that these differences can significantly reduce females' effectiveness.
M20 Activation Of The Trkb Receptor Pathway Using A Novel Monoclonal Antibody Agonist: Implications For The Treatment Of Huntington's Disease (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Huntington’s disease (HD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease marked by a trinucleotide repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene (HTT) that might lead to production of a pathogenic mutant huntingtin protein (mHTT). Recent evidence suggests that alterations in neurotrophin tyrosine kinase receptor signalling pathways contribute to HD pathophysiology. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-mediated activation of the tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) receptor is a critical component involved in the survival, differentiation and synaptic plasticity of striatal neurons. Reduced levels of BDNF have been previously reported to be observed in both HD post mortem brain tissue and HD mouse models. Furthermore, mHTT has been shown to reduce levels of BDNF in the striatum by inhibiting its gene expression and cortico-striatal trafficking. <h3>Aims</h3> In this study, we explore the capacity of novel mouse TrkB agonistic monoclonal antibodies (mAb TrkB agonist) to activate the TrkB receptor signalling pathway <i>in vivo</i>. <h3>Methods</h3> The mAb TrkB agonists were tested <i>in vitro</i>to confirm receptor selectivity, efficient binding affinity and functional activity. Subsequently, wild type mice received intrastriatal bolus injections of mAb TrkB agonist at 6 weeks of age and were sacrificed at four different time points post injection. <h3>Results</h3> At 30 min post injection, a significant increase in the phosphorylation of TrkB was observed in striatal neurons of mice treated with the mAb TrkB agonist when compared to vehicle treated and non-treated animals. At 4 h post injection, the levels of TrkB phosphorylation were returned to baseline levels. Quantitative western blots were also performed as an orthogonal method to confirm immunohistochemical results. Overall, our findings demonstrate the functional activity of mAb TrkB agonist antibodies in the CNS and establish the potential of an immuotherapeutic approach for restoring aberrant BDNF-TrkB signalling activity in the HD brain.
Aufarbeitung nachwachsender Rohstoffe - Downstream-Processing und Biotransformation (2005)

Der Einsatz von nachwachsenden Rohstoffen gewinnt auch in der chemischen Industrie zunehmend an Bedeutung. Ungefähr 30 Mio. Tonnen an Grund- und Feinchemikalien werden zurzeit mittels biotechnologischer Prozesse hergestellt. Dieses sind ungefähr 5 % der Produkte der chemischen Industrie. Es wird erwartet, dass dieser Anteil im Jahr 2010 bei 20 % liegen wird. Basierend auf optimierten Biotransformationen und Aufarbeitungsverfahren kann eine Vielzahl interessanter Produkte für pharmazeutische Anwendungen oder funktionalisierte Lebensmittel aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen hergestellt oder isoliert werden. In diesem Artikel werden fokussierend auf Molke, Melasse, Kartoffelprotein und Lignocellulose einige Beispiele vorgestellt.
The role and measurement of DC conductivity for HVDC cable insulation materials (2015)

This paper discusses the importance of DC conductivity for insulation materials to be used in extruded HVDC cables. It is one of the key electrical properties, especially for cables operating at very high voltage and stress levels when heating from dielectric losses generated by the leakage current might potentially lead to thermal runaway. Therefore, in material development and quality control it is vital to ensure that the DC conductivity measurements are carried out in an accurate and reproducible way. DC conductivity measurements have been done on XLPE pressmoulded plaques under different temperature and electric field conditions. The test set-up has been designed to limit the diffusion of peroxide decomposition products during the 23 hours of measurement time that are needed to reach a quasi-steadystate. This includes the use of thick plaques, in this case with a thickness of 1 mm, as such samples are expected to retain the decomposition products better than the significantly thinner plaques/films that are commonly discussed in the scientific literature. Full-sized crosslinked HVDC cables will always contain peroxide decomposition products giving an increase of the DC conductivity. For this reason the most relevant results from plaque measurements will be obtained from samples containing a controlled level of peroxide decomposition products. The conclusion is that care needs to be taken when the temperature and stress dependence parameters are used as a cable construction design tool and it is important that the data used are generated on samples as representative as possible, for example with a controlled level of peroxide decomposition products.
Myogenic Tumors in Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome (2014)

In mice, activated Hedgehog (Hh) signaling induces tumors with myogenic differentiation. In humans, hyperactive Hh signaling due to germline PATCHED1 (PTCH1) mutations has been linked to nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS). We report an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in a 16-month-old girl with NBCCS and review the literature on myogenic neoplasms in NBCCS, including 8 fetal rhabdomyomas and 3 rhabdomyosarcomas. Of note, 3 population studies, including 255 individuals with NBCCS aged 4 months to 87 years, did not identify any myogenic tumors. Thus, myogenic tumors in NBCCS are rare and include both rhabdomyosarcomas and fetal rhabdomyomas.
Corrosion protection mechanism of the advanced weathering steel (Fe-3.0Ni-0.40Cu) in a coastal area (2004)

The advanced weathering steel (Fe-3.0Ni-0.40Cu (mass%)) 1, 2 shows an excellent corrosion resistance under atmosphere containing air-born salinity. Here we show that advanced weathering steel forms protective rusts which “breath out” chloride ions from rust/steel interface, resulting in a drastic decrease of the corrosion rate by a state-of-the-art nanoscopic mechanism. Figure 1 compares corrosion properties in a coastal area of advanced and conventional weathering steel; the corrosion amount of the advanced one is less than 1/20 of conventional one after 9-years’ exposure. The rust is composed of inner and outer layers; concentrations of Ni and Na are higher in the inner than the outer layer and Cl shows the opposite trend (Fig.2). Both inner and outer layers of the rust are composed of α-FeOOH , β-FeOOH , γ-FeOOH and Fe3O4 . The inner layer is composed of fine grains as small as 10-15 nm in radius, 3 and contains Fe3O4. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), measurements have shown that nickel atoms substitute Fe-sites of Fe3O4 to form Fe3-xNixO4 (Fig.3). Good corrosion resistance of the advanced weathering steel can be attributed to fine grain-size distributions of the inner layers and the formation of Fe3-xNixO4 (Fig.4). When atmospheric corrosion progresses in a wet condition, its pH becomes low because of hydrolysis. In conventional weathering steel, the rust made of only FeOOH is positively charged by attached H ions. However, the inner rust of advanced weathering steel contains Fe3-xNixO4 and is negatively charged. The rusts “breath out” chloride ions from rust/steel interface.
Characteristics of Thermally Treated Quantum-Dot Infrared Photodetector (2005)

We investigated the device performances for a post-growth thermally treated In 0.5 Ga 0.5 As/GaAs quantum-dot infrared detector (QDIP). Device characteristics, such as dark current, photoluminescence (PL), and photocurrent spectra, have been studied and compared for the as-grown and thermally treated QDIPs. After the thermal treatment with a SiO 2 capping layer, the dark current was increased, the PL peak position was blue-shifted, and the detection wavelength was redshifted due to In/Ga interdiffusion in the quantum dot (QD) structure. Furthermore, the activation energies estimated from the integrated PL intensities agreed well with the peak positions of the photocurrent spectra.
Verzugskompensation mittels Gasabschreckung in flexiblen Düsenfeldern∗ (2004)

Kurzfassung Bei der Abschreckung von Bauteilen innerhalb des Wärmebehandlungsprozesses besteht die Möglichkeit einer gezielten Kompensation von Verzugspotenzialen. Hierfür geeignete Wärmeübergangsbedingungen sind im Gasabschreckprozess durch die Aufprägung und Regelung eines angepassten (räumlich und/oder zeitlich variierenden) Strömungsfelds auf der Basis von flexiblen Düsenanordnungen realisierbar. Zur Untersuchung des durch Wärmebehandlungen ausgelösten Bauteilverzugs wird der lokal asymmetrische Abschreckvorgang in gasförmigen Medien analysiert und modellmäßig beschrieben. Das Potenzial von Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung bzw. Reduzierung von Bauteilverzügen wird hier auf der Basis von Simulationsrechnungen abgeschätzt. Ziel der Untersuchungen ist es, auf der Basis eines integralen Prozessmodells die Inline-Steuerung asymmetrischer Abkühlbedingungen als verzugskompensierender Maßnahme im Abschreckprozess vorzunehmen. In diesem Beitrag wird die Prozesstechnik zur Verzugskompensation durch asymmetrische Abkühlbedingungen an Modellgeometrien in flexiblen Gasdüsenfeldern vorgestellt. Aus der Simulation der Strömungsbedingungen im Abschreckmedium und des Werkstückverhaltens im Abschreckprozess lässt sich in einem integralen Gesamtmodell für den Prozess des Gasabschreckens das Potenzial für eine Verzugskompensation ermitteln.
&lt;title&gt;Optical beam steering using surface micromachined gratings and optical phased arrays&lt;/title&gt; (1997)

Two categories of optical beam steering micro-electro- mechanical systems (MEMS) were investigated: variable blaze gratings (VBGs) and linear optical phased arrays. All devices were surface micromachined using the multi-user MEMS processes (MUMPs). VBGs use an adjustable blaze angle to direct the majority of reflected light into a selectable diffraction order. Diffraction efficiencies greater than 50% were demonstrated. Linear optical phased arrays use a single row of piston micromirrors to create a far-field pattern with a steerable main lobe along one axis. All devices were constructed of polysilicon and gold and were actuated with electrostatic force. Electrostatic actuation provides high speed operation at a very low drive power. These optical beam steering devices discussed in this work are less optically efficient than a single pivoting mirror, but they require no post-fabrication assembly and can handle large beam diameters. Also, the low individual mass of the elements in surface micromachined VBGs and optical phased arrays yield faster system response times than a single macroscale pivoting mirror.
Accelerate Machine Learning Workloads using TVM and OpenCL ML SDK on Qualcomm AdrenoTM GPUs (2023)

No abstract available.
Mitochondrial Superoxide Increases Age-Associated Susceptibility of Human Dermal Fibroblasts to Radiation and Chemotherapy (2017)

Elderly cancer patients treated with ionizing radiation (IR) or chemotherapy experience more frequent and greater normal tissue toxicity relative to younger patients. The current study demonstrates that exponentially growing fibroblasts from elderly (old) male donor subjects (70, 72, and 78 years) are significantly more sensitive to clonogenic killing mediated by platinum-based chemotherapy and IR (∼70%-80% killing) relative to young fibroblasts (5 months and 1 year; ∼10%-20% killing) and adult fibroblasts (20 years old; ∼10%-30% killing). Old fibroblasts also displayed significantly increased (2-4-fold) steady-state levels of O<sub>2</sub><sup>•-</sup>, O<sub>2</sub> consumption, and mitochondrial membrane potential as well as significantly decreased (40%-50%) electron transport chain (ETC) complex I, II, IV, V, and aconitase (70%) activities, decreased ATP levels, and significantly altered mitochondrial structure. Following adenoviral-mediated overexpression of SOD2 activity (5-7-fold), mitochondrial ETC activity and aconitase activity were restored, demonstrating a role for mitochondrial O<sub>2</sub><sup>•-</sup> in these effects. Old fibroblasts also demonstrated elevated levels of endogenous DNA damage that were increased following treatment with IR and chemotherapy. Most importantly, treatment with the small-molecule, superoxide dismutase mimetic (GC4419; 0.25 μmol/L) significantly mitigated the increased sensitivity of old fibroblasts to IR and chemotherapy and partially restored mitochondrial function without affecting IR or chemotherapy-induced cancer cell killing. These results support the hypothesis that age-associated increased O<sub>2</sub><sup>•-</sup> and resulting DNA damage mediate the increased susceptibility of old fibroblasts to IR and chemotherapy that can be mitigated by GC4419. <i>Cancer Res; 77(18); 5054-67. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Aspirin Induces Platelet Receptor Shedding via ADAM17 (TACE) (2021)

Aspirin is effective in the therapy of cardiovascular diseases, because it causes acetylation of cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) leading to irreversible inhibition of platelets. Additional mechanisms can be suspected, because patients treated with other platelet COX inhibitors such as indomethacin do not display an increased bleeding tendency as observed for aspirin-treated patients. Recently, aspirin and other anti-inflammatory drugs were shown to induce shedding of L-selectin in neutrophils in a metalloproteinase-dependent manner. Therefore, we investigated the effects of aspirin on the von Willebrand Factor receptor complex glycoprotein (GP) Ib-V-IX, whose lack or dysfunction causes bleeding in patients. As quantified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis in whole blood, aspirin, but not its metabolite salicylic acid, induced dose-dependent shedding of human and murine GPIbalpha and GPV from the platelet surface, whereas other glycoproteins remained unaffected by this treatment. Biotinylated fragments of GPV were detected by immunoprecipitation in the supernatant of washed mouse platelets, and the expression level of GPIbalpha was decreased in these platelets as measured by Western blot analysis. Although shedding occurred normally in COX-1-deficient murine platelets, shedding was completely blocked by a broad-range metalloproteinase inhibitor and, more importantly, in mouse platelets expressing an inactive form of ADAM17. Shed fragments of GPIbalpha and GPV were elevated in the plasma of aspirin-injected mice compared with animals injected with control buffer. These data demonstrate that aspirin at high concentrations induces shedding of GPIbalpha and GPV by an ADAM17-dependent mechanism and that this process can occur in vivo.
Buried Epitaxial, Si1-yCy (y = 0.07 %) for the Suppression of Leakage in SPER (550℃ 10 mins) Activated Junctions and Current Drive Enhancement in nMOSFET (2005)

2005 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,Buried Epitaxial, Si1-yCy (y = 0.07 %) for the Suppression of Leakage in SPER (550℃ 10 mins) Activated Junctions and Current Drive Enhancement in nMOSFET
Identification and validation of QTLs for seedling salinity tolerance in introgression lines of a salt tolerant rice landrace ‘Pokkali’ (2017)

Salinity is a major threat to rice production worldwide. Several studies have been conducted to elucidate the molecular basis of salinity tolerance in rice. However, the genetic information such as quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and molecular markers, emanating from these studies, were rarely exploited for marker-assisted breeding. To better understand salinity tolerance and to validate previously reported QTLs at seedling stage, a set of introgression lines (ILs) of a salt tolerant donor line 'Pokkali' developed in a susceptible high yielding rice cultivar 'Bengal' background was evaluated for several morphological and physiological traits under salt stress. Both SSR and genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) derived SNP markers were utilized to characterize the ILs and identify QTLs for traits related to salinity tolerance. A total of eighteen and thirty-two QTLs were detected using SSR and SNP markers, respectively. At least fourteen QTLs detected in the RIL population developed from the same cross were validated in IL population. Analysis of phenotypic responses, genomic composition, and QTLs present in the tolerant ILs suggested that the mechanisms of tolerance could be Na + dilution in leaves, vacuolar Na + compartmentation, and possibly synthesis of compatible solutes. Our results emphasize the use of salt injury score (SIS) QTLs in marker-assisted breeding to improve salinity tolerance. The tolerant lines identified in this study will serve as improved breeding materials for transferring salinity tolerance without the undesirable traits of Pokkali. Additionally, the lines will be useful for fine mapping and mapbased cloning of genes responsible for salinity tolerance.
Life lessons from and for distributed MPC – Part 2: Choice of decision makers (2018)

&lt;p&gt;This paper and an accompanying paper (McNamara et al., 2018) revisit the Distributed Predictive Control (DMPC) literature and seek to establish links with the social behaviour, focusing in particular on ways in which DMPC could be used to provide insights into the mechanisms of group regulation in social systems. It will be noted that there are major differences between the way in which DMPC algorithms and Social Human Participants (SHPs) form their respective decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Whereas in a first paper (McNamara et al., 2018) we concentrated on the dynamics of the cooperation and the weightings in the agents’ decision, the present paper extends the discussion to the arrangements in the group of decision makers. This paper concludes with some caveats as regards further analyses of social system using the methods proposed in these two papers.&lt;/p&gt;
Immunogenicity of Homologous Heart Valves: Mechanisms and Future Considerations (2023)

Pediatric valvar heart disease continues to be a topic of interest due to the common and severe clinical manifestations. Problems with heart valve replacement, including lack of adaptive valve growth and accelerated structural valve degeneration, mandate morbid reoperations to serially replace valve implants. Homologous or homograft heart valves are a compelling option for valve replacement in the pediatric population but are susceptible to structural valve degeneration. The immunogenicity of homologous heart valves is not fully understood, and mechanisms explaining how implanted heart valves are attacked are unclear. It has been demonstrated that preservation methods determine homograft cell viability and there may be a direct correlation between increased cellular viability and a higher immune response. This consists of an early increase in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-class I and II antibodies over days to months posthomograft implantation, followed by the sustained increase in HLA-class II antibodies for years after implantation. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and T-helper lymphocytes specific to both HLA classes can infiltrate tissue almost immediately after implantation. Furthermore, increased HLA-class II mismatches result in an increased cell-mediated response and an accelerated rate of structural valve degeneration especially in younger patients. Further long-term clinical studies should be completed investigating the immunological mechanisms of heart valve rejection and their relation to structural valve degeneration as well as testing of immunosuppressant therapies to determine the needed immunosuppression for homologous heart valve implantation.
Management of Cumin Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum Using Native Endophytic Bacteria (2022)

Eleven endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots of cumin, a medicinal plant grown in Assiut Province, Egypt. The strains KAU2025 and KAU2022 exhibited the highest inhibition rate against Fusarium oxysporum (FOC7) (64%) in dual culture test and were selected for further studies. KAU2022 and KAU2025 were identified as Brevibacillus parabrevis and Pseudomonas fluorescens, respectively, based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The isolates increased the seed germination of cumin by 46.6% compared to that in the control infected with the pathogen F. oxysporum (FOC7). Additionally, the biocontrol efficacy of B. parabrevis against Fusarium wilt in cumin was determined as 67.4% in pot experiments, and both the bioagents increased the fresh and dry weight of the cumin plant compared to the infected control. After a 24 h treatment, the peroxidase levels in the cumin plants were higher in the P. fluorescens and B. parabrevis-treated groups, and the level of polyphenol oxidase increased in both treatments compared to the infected control. The treatment of cumin with both strains increased the total phenol and flavonoid contents in the treated plants. In summary, B. parabrevis and P. fluorescens are promising agents for the biocontrol of Fusarium wilt in cumin.
Self-Patch: Beyond Patch Tuesday for Containerized Applications (2020)

Containers have become increasingly popular in distributed computing environments. However, recent studies have shown that containerized applications are susceptible to various security attacks. Traditional periodically scheduled software update approaches not only become ineffective under dynamic container environments but also impose high overhead to containers. In this paper, we present Self-Patch, a new self-triggering patching framework for applications running inside containers. Self-Patch combines light-weight runtime attack detection and dynamic targeted patching to achieve more efficient and effective security protection for containerized applications. We evaluated our schemes over 31 real world vulnerability attacks in 23 commonly used server applications. Results show that Self-Patch can accurately detect and classify 81% of attacks and reduce patching overhead by up to 84%.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Ibrutinib Inhibits ERBB Receptor Tyrosine Kinases and HER2-Amplified Breast Cancer Cell Growth (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S5. Ibrutinib irreversibly inhibited SK-BR-3 cells, and bound covalently to EGFR and HER4 in rapid dilution assays. (A) SK-BR-3 cells were treated with ibrutinib at 0.1 and 0.5 ÂµM for varied times before washing twice with fresh media or media with drug, as for no-washout group. Cells were cultured for another 2 hours after washout before harvesting. (B) The growth of SK-BR-3 cells was still inhibited 6 days after original treatment with ibrutinib for 1 hour using wash-out step. Cells were plated in 10 cm plate in triplicate, and washout was repeated twice. The cells were counted with Coulter counter. *P&lt;0.05, compared with control. Potency of irreversible binding to EGFR (C) and HER4 (D) by ibrutinib, afatinib, and neratinib with rapid dilution assays. The value of kobs quantifies the potency of covalent bond formation. BTK was assayed as a comparison (C). The labeled time indicates pre-incubation time for test compound and enzyme.&lt;/p&gt;