gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16903: Predictors of Major Bleeding Risk: Insights from the Rivaroxaban Once-Daily Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared with Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation (ROCKET AF) (2011)

Background: AF is associated with increased ischemic stroke risk. Oral anticoagulation reduces this risk, but there is often suboptimal use of stroke prophylaxis among AF patients, which may be due to challenges in risk stratification for bleeding. Methods: We investigated factors associated with bleeding in 14,264 pts with nonvalvular AF randomized to rivaroxaban or dose-adjusted warfarin in ROCKET AF. Endpoints of interest were ISTH-defined major bleeding events, intracranial and fatal bleeding. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to identify factors associated with major bleeding. Results: Over a median follow-up of 1.94 yrs, a major bleed occurred in 395 (5.55%; 3.60 per 100-pt yrs) pts assigned rivaroxaban and 386 (5.42%; 3.45 per 100-pt yrs) assigned warfarin (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.90, 1.20). Intracranial (0.49% vs. 0.74% per yr; p=0.019) and fatal bleeding (0.24% vs. 0.48% per yr; p=0.003) were lower with rivaroxaban. Pts (n=781) with a major bleed were more likely to be older (median 75 vs. 73 yrs), smokers (40 vs. 33%), and with lower baseline calculated CrCl (median 63 vs. 68 mL/min); less likely to be female (34 vs. 40%) and have a prior stroke/TIA (46 vs. 53%) (all p&lt;0.002) compared with those without a major bleed (n=13,455). Increased age, male sex, BMI, history of diabetes and COPD, and decreased calculated CrCl were independent predictors of increased risk for major bleeding (C-index=0.62). No significant interaction was identified between predictors of bleeding and components of major bleeding. Conclusions: Major bleeding rates were similar with rivaroxaban or warfarin; however, intracranial and fatal bleeding was significantly lower with rivaroxaban. Older age, male sex, prior diabetes, increased BMI, lower diastolic BP, and reduced renal function at baseline were independently associated with major bleeding. Careful assessment of bleeding risk in patients with AF is required to support clinical decision making for stroke prevention therapy.
Comparative Study of Optical and Scintillation Responses of Sr3NbGa3Si2O14 (SNGS) and La3Ta0.5Ga5.3Al0.2O14 (LTGA) Crystals (2015)

Most developed countries now have aging societies, and the associated increases in the elderly population have led to an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases.Degenerative knee arthritis is one such disease, in which pain is experienced when the knee is moved.Knee joint degeneration is detected using technological methods in addition to consultation and palpation by a doctor.Clinically, the degree of knee injury is often determined with the aid of radiological medical equipment, but these have safety considerations such as excessive radiation doses.The desire to improve the convenience of operating on the knee joint and reduce safety concerns has prompted the digitization of medical aids, which can decrease the burden on doctors and other medical professionals.In this paper, we propose an innovative knee auscultation device that is designed to reduce noise due to friction when measuring knee sounds.A wireless sound and posture detection system has also been constructed with inertial sensors and directional microphones.The system can simultaneously record low-intensity knee sounds and knee flexion angles.To improve the wearing comfort during measurement, wireless transmission technology is used to reduce wired connections.The prototype design and testing of the system have been completed, and the system could be used for long-term knee health monitoring and clinical preventive medicine in the future.
Ceramics: Fabrication of Macroscopically Flexible and Highly Porous 3D Semiconductor Networks from Interpenetrating Nanostructures by a Simple Flame Transport Approach (Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 9/2013) (2013)

Highly porous macroscopic networks built from interpenetrated metal-oxide nano-microstructures allow the utilization of nanoscale properties for macroscopic applications. The image shows interpenetrations between micro tetrapods which are mainly responsible for the un usual network properties like high temperature stability and mechanical flexibility. Networks are realized by a here introduced flame transport synthesis method as reported by Yogendra K. Mishra and co-workers on pages 775.
Neonatal antibodies to infectious agents and risk of bipolar disorder: a population‐based case–control study (2011)

In contrast with studies of schizophrenia, our analysis does not support maternal infection with HSV-1, HSV-2, CMV, or Toxoplasma gondii as risk factors for bipolar disorder. However, larger study samples are needed, and data on, for example, specific serotypes of Toxoplasma and indicators of the timing of maternal infection are still warranted.
Holmium-doped ZBLAN fiber lasers at 1.2 μm (2012)

Holmium (Ho<sup>3+</sup>)-doped ZBLAN glasses have been investigated for the purpose of achieving efficient fiber lasers at 1.2 &mu;m. Because of the long lifetime of the upper laser level and the small phonon energy in Ho<sup>3+</sup>-doped ZBLAN glasses, strong fluorescence at 1.2 &mu;m that usually cannot be observed in Ho-doped silica glass has been measured. Fluorescence of 1 mol%, 3 mol%, and 6 mol% Ho<sup>3+</sup>-doped ZBLAN glasses are reported. The effect of cerium and terbium ions on the emission of Ho<sup>3+</sup>-doped ZBLAN glass has also been studied. Obstacles to achieving an efficient Ho<sup>3+</sup>-doped ZBLAN laser are analyzed and discussed. In studies of a commercial Ho<sup>3+</sup>-doped ZBLAN fiber laser, it was found that the 3 &mu;m four-energy-level laser can easily overwhelm the 1.2 &mu;m laser, which is a three-energy-level system having the same upper laser level with the 3 &mu;m laser. In order to effectively suppress the competiting 3 &mu;m transition, advanced Ho<sup>3+</sup>-doped ZBLAN fiber has been designed and fabricated for 1.2 &mu;m fiber lasers. Fiber lasers at 1.2 &mu;m using the new Ho<sup>3+</sup>-doped ZBLAN fiber have been developed. Our experiments demonstrate that the new Ho<sup>3+</sup>-doped ZBLAN fiber is an efficient gain medium for lasers at 1.2 &mu;m.
Correlating Magneto-Structural Properties to Hyperthermia Performance of Highly Monodisperse Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared by a Seeded-Growth Route (2011)

Monodisperse cubic spinel iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles with variable sizes were prepared following a multi-injection seeded-growth approach. As expected from such a well-known synthetic route, all samples were characterized by narrow size distributions, and showed excellent stability in both organic and aqueous media without the presence of aggregates, thus becoming ideal candidates for the study of their hyperthermia performance. Specific Loss Power measurements indicated low heating powers for all samples without a maximum for any specific size, contrary to what theory predicts. The magnetic study showed the formation of size-dependent nonsaturated magnetic regions, which enlarged with the particle size, evidencing a clear discrepancy between the crystal size and the effective magnetic volume. Strain map analysis of high resolution transmission electron micrographs indicated the presence of highly strained crystal areas even if nanoparticles were monocrystalline. The origin of the crystal strain was found to be strictly correlated with the seeded-growth synthetic procedure used for the preparation of the nanoparticles, which turned out to alter their magnetic structure by creating antiphase boundaries. Considering the calculated effective magnetic volumes and their magnetic dispersions in each sample, a reasonable agreement between hyperthermia experiments and theory was obtained.
A survey of furin substrate specificity using substrate phage display (1994)

The substrate specificity of furin, a mammalian enzyme involved in the cleavage of many constitutively expressed protein precursors, was studied using substrate phage display. In this method, a multitude of substrate sequences are displayed as fusion proteins on filamentous phage particles and ones that are cleaved can be purified by affinity chromatography. The cleaved phage are propagated and submitted to additional rounds of protease selection to further enrich for good substrates. DNA sequencing of the cleaved phage is used to identify the substrate sequence. After 6 rounds of sorting a substrate phage library comprising 5 randomized amino acids (xxxxx), virtually all clones had an RxxR motif and many had Lys, Arg, or Pro before the second Arg. Nine of the selected sequences were assayed using a substrate-alkaline phosphatase fusion protein system. All were cleaved after the RxxR, and some substrates with Pro or Thr in P2 were also found to be cleaved as efficiently as RxKR or RxRR. To further elaborate surrounding determinants, we constructed 2 secondary libraries (xxRx(K/R)Rx and xxRxPRx). Although no consensus developed for the latter library, many of the sequences in the the former library had the 7-residue motif (L/P)RRF(K/R)RP, suggesting that the furin recognition sequence may extend over more than 4 residues. These studies further clarify the substrate specificity of furin and suggest the substrate phage method may be useful for identifying consensus substrate motifs in other protein processing enzymes.
Scattering by Finite Periodic<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="script">P</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="script">T</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>-Symmetric Structures (2017)

In this work, we study the transmission properties of one-dimensional finite periodic systems with PT symmetry. A simple closed-form expression is obtained for the total transmittance from a lattice of N cells, that allows us to describe the transmission minima (maxima) when the system is in the PT-unbroken (broken) phase. Utilizing this expression, we provide the necessary conditions, independent of the number of cells, for the occurrence of a coherent perfect absorber and laser for any finite PT-symmetric periodic potential. Under these conditions, we provide a recipe for building finite periodic structures with near perfect absorption and extremely large amplification.
Lattice collective modes from a continuum model of magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (2021)

Utilizing a time-dependent mean-field approximation, the authors calculate collective particle-hole modes in a correlated insulating phase of magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene. They find that the low-energy modes are well described by a model with a local pseudospin composed of spin, valley, and orbital degrees of freedom in each moir\'e unit cell. They further show that the intra-flavor collective mode couples strongly to terahertz light, giving a significant signature in the system's optical response.
Myanmar Diabetes Care Model: Bridging the Gap Between Urban and Rural Healthcare Delivery (2015)

There has been significant magnitude of problems of diabetes in Myanmar, according to the estimates of International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the recent National Survey on the prevalence of diabetes. There has been a wide gap of equity between the urban and rural health care delivery for diabetes. Myanmar Diabetes Care Model (MMDCM) aims to deliver equitable diabetes care throughout the country, to stem the tide of rising burden of diabetes and also to facilitate to achieve the targets of the Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs (2013-2020). It is aimed to deliver standard of care for diabetes through the health system strengthening at all level. MMDCM was developed based on the available health system, resources and the country's need. Implementation for the model was also discussed.
Compositionally Screened Eutectic Catalytic Coatings on Halide Perovskite Photocathodes for Photoassisted Selective CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction (2019)

Selective CO2 reduction via photoelectrocatalysis is a creative approach to alleviating the energy crisis and environmental deterioration as well as to producing value-added chemicals. A considerable challenge is the development of electrocatalysts and photoelectrocatalytic systems to selectively and efficiently produce a target product. Here, we report an efficient and selective photocathode for converting CO2 to HCOOH in aqueous solution. A rational compositional screening strategy was first applied to pinpoint In0.4Bi0.6 from ternary In–Bi–Sn alloys as the most HCOOH-selective electrocatalyst composition among the electrocatalysts reported. A photocathode was then fabricated by coating the catalytic, protective, and conductive In0.4Bi0.6 alloy layer on a halide perovskite photovoltaic, effectively utilizing its low melting point eutectic molten state. The generated photovoltage assisted reduction of the overpotential by 680 mV while producing a stable current for nearly exclusive HCOOH production under simulated AM 1.5G irradiation. This work provides a promising approach to achieving efficient and selective solar–fuel conversion.
Production of the Gram-positive Sarcina ventriculi pyruvate decarboxylase in Escherichia coli The GenBank accession number for the sequence reported in this paper is AF354297. (2001)

Sarcina ventriculi grows in a remarkable range of mesophilic environments from pH 2 to pH 10. During growth in acidic environments, where acetate is toxic, expression of pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) serves to direct the flow of pyruvate into ethanol during fermentation. PDC is rare in bacteria and absent in animals, although it is widely distributed in the plant kingdom. The pdc gene from S. ventriculi is the first to be cloned and characterized from a Gram-positive bacterium. In Escherichia coli, the recombinant pdc gene from S. ventriculi was poorly expressed due to differences in codon usage that are typical of low-G+C organisms. Expression was improved by the addition of supplemental codon genes and this facilitated the 136-fold purification of the recombinant enzyme as a homo-tetramer of 58 kDa subunits. Unlike Zymomonas mobilis PDC, which exhibits Michaelis-Menten kinetics, S. ventriculi PDC is activated by pyruvate and exhibits sigmoidal kinetics similar to fungal and higher plant PDCs. Amino acid residues involved in the allosteric site for pyruvate in fungal PDCs were conserved in S. ventriculi PDC, consistent with a conservation of mechanism. Cluster analysis of deduced amino acid sequences confirmed that S. ventriculi PDC is quite distant from Z. mobilis PDC and plant PDCs. S. ventriculi PDC appears to have diverged very early from a common ancestor which included most fungal PDCs and eubacterial indole-3-pyruvate decarboxylases. These results suggest that the S. ventriculi pdc gene is quite ancient in origin, in contrast to the Z. mobilis pdc, which may have originated by horizontal transfer from higher plants.
Extraction of Skeletal Meshes from Volumetric Data by Sparse Polynomial Approximation (2008)

The skeletal structures of solid objects play an important role in medical and industrial applications. Given a volumetrically sampled solid object, our method extracts a well-connected and not-fragmented skeletal structure represented as a polygon mesh. The purpose is to achieve a noise-robust extraction of the skeletal mesh from a realworld object obtained using a scanning technology such as the CT scan method. We first approximate the input image intensity through a set of spherically supported polynomials that provide an adaptively smoothed intensity field, and then perform a polygonization process to find the extremal sheet of the field, which is regarded as a skeletal sheet in this research. In our polygonization, a subset of the weighted Delaunay tetrahedrization defined by a set of spherical supports is used as an adaptively sampled grid. The derivatives for detecting extremality are analytically evaluated at the tetrahedron vertices. We also demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by extracting skeletal meshes from noisy CT images.
High‐performance liquid chromatographic analysis of genistein and other isoflavonoids from heartwood of <i>Ougeinia dalbergioides</i> (2002)

A simple binary gradient HPLC method employing a Symmetry C18 column is described for the analysis of genistein, ougeinin, homoferririn, 2',4',5,7-tetrahydroxy-6-methyl isoflavone and 2',4',8-trihydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl isoflavone present in heartwood extract of Ougeinia dalbergioides.
Context information based initial cell search for millimeter wave 5G cellular networks (2016)

Millimeter wave (mmWave) communication is envisioned as a cornerstone to fulfill the data rate requirements for fifth generation (5G) cellular networks. In mmWave communication, beamforming is considered as a key technology to combat the high path-loss, and unlike in conventional microwave communication, beamforming may be necessary even during initial access/cell search. Among the proposed beamforming schemes for initial cell search, analog beamforming is a power efficient approach but suffers from its inherent search delay during initial access. In this work, we argue that analog beamforming can still be a viable choice when context information about mmWave base stations (BS) is available at the mobile station (MS). We then study how the performance of analog beamforming degrades in case of angular errors in the available context information. Finally, we present an analog beamforming receiver architecture that uses multiple arrays of Phase Shifters and a single RF chain to combat the effect of angular errors, showing that it can achieve the same performance as hybrid beamforming.
Role of Ca&lt;sub&gt;v&lt;/sub&gt;3.2 T-type Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; channels in prostate cancer cells (2019)

Among voltage-gated Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels, T-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels, which are activated by low voltages, regulate neuronal excitability, spontaneous neurotransmitter release, hormone secretion, etc. and also participate in proliferation of distinct cancer cells. Among three isoforms of T-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels, Ca<sub>v</sub>3.2 is detectable in 100% of biopsy samples from prostate cancer patients. In general, prostate cancer cells are highly sensitive to androgen deprivation therapy, but often acquire hormone-therapy resistance. The androgen deprivation may trigger neuroendocrine (NE)-like differentiation of some prostate cancer cells. We have analyzed the expression and function of Ca<sub>v</sub>3.2 in human prostate cancer LNCaP cells during NE-like differentiation. NE-like LNCaP cells overexpress Ca<sub>v</sub>3.2 through the CREB/Egr-1 pathway and also cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), which generates H<sub>2</sub>S that enhances the channel activity of Ca<sub>v</sub>3.2. H<sub>2</sub>S generated by upregulated CSE appears to enhance the activity of upregulated Ca<sub>v</sub>3.2 after the differentiation. The enhanced Ca<sub>v</sub>3.2 activity in NE-like cells may contribute to increased secretion of mitogenic factors essential for androgen-independent proliferation of surrounding prostate cancer cells. It is known that increased extracellular glucose levels enhance Ca<sub>v</sub>3.2 activity through asparagine (N)-linked glycosylation of Ca<sub>v</sub>3.2, which might contribute to diabetic neuropathy. We then found that high glucose accelerates the enhanced channel function and overexpression of Ca<sub>v</sub>3.2 in NE-like LNCaP cells, which might be associated with clinical evidence for diabetes-related poor prognosis of prostate cancer and development of hormone therapy resistance. Thus, Ca<sub>v</sub>3.2 is considered to play a role in the pathophysiology of prostate cancer, and may serve as a therapeutic target.
Prevalence of Multiplicity and Appropriate Adjustments Among Cardiovascular Randomized Clinical Trials Published in Major Medical Journals (2020)

Findings from this study suggest that cardiovascular RCTs published in medical journals with high impact factors demonstrate infrequent adjustments to correct for multiple comparisons in the primary end point. These parameters may be improved by more standardized reporting.
Developing Therapeutic Approaches to Tau, Selected Kinases, and Related Neuronal Protein Targets (2011)

A hallmark of the Alzheimer disease (AD) brain is the presence of inclusions within neurons that are comprised of fibrils formed from the microtubule-stabilizing protein tau. The formation of misfolded multimeric tau species is believed to contribute to the progressive neuron loss and cognitive impairments of AD. Moreover, mutations in tau have been shown to cause a form of frontotemporal lobar degeneration in which tau neuronal inclusions observed in the brain are similar to those seen in AD. Here we review the more compelling strategies that are designed to reduce the contribution of misfolded tau to AD neuropathology, including those directed at correcting a possible loss of tau function resulting from sequestration of cellular tau and to minimizing possible gain-of-function toxicities caused by multimeric tau species. Finally, we discuss the challenges and potential benefits of tau-directed drug discovery programs.
Postsurgical <i>Candida albicans</i> Infections Associated with an Extrinsically Contaminated Intravenous Anesthetic Agent (1999)

From 16 to 30 April 1990, four of 364 (1%) postsurgical patients at one hospital developed Candida albicans fungemia or endophthalmitis. The case patients' surgeries were clustered on two days. To identify risk factors for C. albicans infections, we conducted a cohort study comparing these 4 patients with 67 control patients who had surgeries on the same days but did not acquire C. albicans infections. The participation of anesthesiologist 9 (relative risk [RR], undefined; P < 0.001) and receipt of intravenous propofol, an anesthetic agent without preservative, which was administered by an infusion pump (RR, 8.8; P = 0.048) were identified as risk factors for C. albicans infections. The anesthetic had been recently introduced in the hospital. Hand cultures of 8 of 14 (57%) anesthesiologists were positive for Candida species; one yielded C. albicans. Anesthesiologist 9 was the only one to use stored syringes of propofol in the infusion pump and to reuse propofol syringes. DNA fingerprinting with a digoxigenin-labeled C. albicans repetitive element 2 probe and electrophoretic karyotyping showed two distinct banding patterns among patient isolates. We hypothesize that extrinsic contamination of propofol by anesthesiologist 9 likely resulted in C. albicans infections. These data suggest that strict aseptic techniques must be used when preparing and administering propofol.
Performance Simulation of Reheat Two-Stage Adsorption Cycle (2004)

There has been a great progress in Adsorption Refrigeration Cycle research. Many researchers have introduced their methods to discover and improve cycle performance. This paper will present a new adsorption cycle known as Reheat Two-Stage, which has been evaluated numerically. The study aims to examine the possibility of improving adsorption cycle performance which uses low temperature heat source and environmentally friendly refrigerant. This paper will describe the cycle working principle and discuss the results obtained from simulations. The cycle performance is analyzed using cooling capacity and coefficient of performance (COP). The results show that cycle performance is extremely sensitive to driving heat source temperature. The results also show that cycle time and mass recovery time are influential factors on performance. This paper will also compare the performance of this cycle with Single-Stage and Two-Stage cycles.