gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Cholecysto-Cholangiography for the Exclusion of Biliary Atresia in Infants (2006)

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of performing an ultrasoundguided percutaneous cholecysto-cholangiogram (PCC) for excluding biliary atresia as the cause of neonatal jaundice. Materials and Methods: Between Oct. 2003 and Feb. 2005, six ultrasound-guided PCC procedures were performed to five jaundiced infants (4 females and 1 male; mean age: 60 days old) for whom possibility of biliary atresia could not be ruled out by the DISIDA scan as the cause of their neonatal jaundice. Gallbladder puncture was performed under ultrasound guidance with a 23-gauge needle. Contrast material injection during fluoroscopic examination was performed after dilatation of the gallbladder lumen with normal saline under ultrasound guidance. The criteria used for excluding biliary atresia were complete visualization of the extrahepatic biliary trees and/or contrast excretion into the duodenum. The complications and final diagnosis was assessed according to the clinical and laboratory findings. Results: The procedures were successful in all the patients without any complication. Biliary atresia could be ruled out in all the patients. The final diagnosis was neonatal cytomegalovirus hepatitis in two patients, total parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in two patients, and combined cytomegalovirus hepatitis and total parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in one patient. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided PCC is a feasible and effective method for the early definitive exclusion of biliary atresia as the cause of neonatal jaundice. By the technique of injecting normal saline before contrast injection, PCC can be done even in a totally collapsed or very small gallbladder.
Damage Free Particle Removal from EUVL Mask Layers by High Energy Laser Shock Cleaning (LSC) (2007)

The paper deals about the method of small particle removal based on laser induced plasma (LIP) shock wave has been recently applied to clean wafers and masks in semiconductor processes. The silica particles of 50 nm removed from EUVL mask layers by high energy LSC without surface damage by controlling the gap distance. High temperature of plasma plume by the focused laser beam caused the surface damage. It is important not only to increase the laser energy to remove small particles, but also to control the gap distance to avoid the surface damage.
First principles calculation of formation energies of spin centers in wide-gap semiconductors (2020)

We present the ab initio calculations of impurities in several systems with varying band gaps. First, we investigate rare-earth erbium in wide-gap semiconductor yttrium-oxide and silicon, and we report the defect formation energies for different charged states. We also derive parameters for the crystal field Hamiltonian to describe the energy levels. Next, we study the stability of the silicon and iron impurities in GaAs host in neutral and negatively charged states. We show that lowering the crystal symmetry by moving the impurity from the substitutional site to an interstitial site results in a second minimum in the defect formation energy, which is also verified by STM images. The capability of calculating and manipulating electronic and spintronic properties of rare earths and transition metal dopants leads to the design of novel quantum materials. We acknowledge support from the Center for Emergent Materials, an NSF MRSEC under Award No. DMR-1420451.
Industry Update: Latest Developments in Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine (2012)

Latest developments in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine compiled from publicly available information and press releases from nonacademic institutions from 1 November 2011 until 31 December 2011.
Analysis of a full-bridge LCC-type parallel resonant converter with capacitive output filter (2002)

The purpose of this paper is to study the performance of a full-bridge three element LCC resonant power converter with a capacitive output filter. The study focuses on the operation under pulsewidth modulation with variable operation frequency. The operation modes of the LCC power converter are evaluated and their boundaries are given by means of normalised diagrams. Furthermore, optimal operation modes with reduced switching losses are evaluated. The advantages of an RPI-configuration for improved inverter efficiency is carried out. Apart from analytical investigations, experimental results are also presented.
Synthesis of Novel Unsymmetrically Bridgehead‐Substituted Phenylselenobicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (AGP1) as a novel biomarker for pancreatic cancer. (2019)

e15708 Background: Pancreatic cancer is a heterogeneous disease with an aggressive clinical course. Most patients are detected late due to the insidious onset of symptoms and lack of effective molecular markers. The purpose of this study was to develop protein markers for improved prognostication and non-invasive diagnosis. Methods: A mass spectrometry (MS)-based discovery approach was applied to pancreatic cancer tissues and healthy pancreas. In the verification phase, extracellular proteins with differential expression were further quantified in targeted mode using parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). Next, a tissue microarray (TMA) cohort including 140 pancreatic cancer resection specimens was constructed, in order to validate protein expression status and investigate potential prognostic implications. The levels of protein candidates were finally assessed in a panel of 80 serum samples with ELISA. Results: Protein sequencing with nano-liquid chromatography tandem MS (nano-LC-MS/MS) and targeted PRM identified alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (AGP1) as a potential pancreatic cancer biomarker. Using TMA and immunohistochemistry, AGP1 expression was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (HR = 2.217; 95% CI 1.296-3.794, p = 0.004). Multivariable analysis confirmed the results (HR = 1.867; 95% CI 1.078-3.235, p = 0.026). Circulating levels of AGP1 yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85 for the discrimination of resectable pancreatic cancer and IPMN from healthy controls. Combining AGP1 with CA 19-9 displayed an AUC of 0.98 with an overall sensitivity of 96% at 90% specificity. Conclusions: This study suggests that AGP1 is a valid biomarker for pancreatic cancer.
Beamspace Modulated Circular Array (2019)

In this communication, we show how each independent spatial mode of a circular array (CA) can be individually encoded and collimated to yield high ergodic spectral sum efficiency of an uplink mobile communication system. We show that every mode generated with the help of Rotman lens is orthogonal to every other mode. This reduces the spatial cross coupling and thereby enhances data throughput. We also show that unlike other phased arrays, the CA has the ability to detect the direction of arrival (DOA) from the backward half-space of the array to advantage. Furthermore, we show that because of its symmetry, the array can unlike linear arrays, create beam that can be scanned over 360° in azimuth scan plane. A proof of principle multimode CA for the purpose defined above is designed, simulated, and tested.
Genome-scale metabolic modeling reveals increased reliance on valine catabolism in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae (2022)

Infections due to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae have recently emerged as one of the most urgent threats to hospitalized patients within the United States and Europe. By far the most common etiological agent of these infections is Klebsiella pneumoniae, frequently manifesting in hospital-acquired pneumonia with a mortality rate of ~50% even with antimicrobial intervention. We performed transcriptomic analysis of data collected previously from in vitro characterization of both laboratory and clinical isolates which revealed shifts in expression of multiple master metabolic regulators across isolate types. Metabolism has been previously shown to be an effective target for antibacterial therapy, and genome-scale metabolic network reconstructions (GENREs) have provided a powerful means to accelerate identification of potential targets in silico. Combining these techniques with the transcriptome meta-analysis, we generated context-specific models of metabolism utilizing a well-curated GENRE of K. pneumoniae (iYL1228) to identify novel therapeutic targets. Functional metabolic analyses revealed that both composition and metabolic activity of clinical isolate-associated context-specific models significantly differs from laboratory isolate-associated models of the bacterium. Additionally, we identified increased catabolism of L-valine in clinical isolate-specific growth simulations. These findings warrant future studies for potential efficacy of valine transaminase inhibition as a target against K. pneumoniae infection.
hi2-1, A QTL which improves harvest index, earliness and alters metabolite accumulation of processing tomatoes (2010)

Harvest index, defined as the ratio of reproductive yield to total plant biomass, and early ripening are traits with important agronomic value in processing tomatoes. The Solanum pennellii introgression-line (IL) population shows variation for harvest index and earliness. Most of the QTL mapped for these traits display negative agronomic effects; however, hi2-1 is a unique QTL displaying improved harvest index and earliness. This introgression was tested over several years and under different genetic backgrounds. Thirty-one nearly isogenic sub-lines segregating for the 18 cM TG33-TG276 interval were used for fine mapping of this multi-phenotypic QTL. Based on this analysis the phenotypic effects for plant weight, Brix, total yield and earliness were co-mapped to the same region. In a different mapping experiment these sub-lines were tested as heterozygotes in order to map the harvest index QTL which were only expressed in the heterozygous state. These QTL mapped to the same candidate region, suggesting that hi2-1 is either a single gene with pleiotropic effects or represents linked genes independently affecting these traits. Metabolite profiling of the fruit pericarp revealed that a number of metabolic QTL co-segregate with the harvest index trait including those for important transport assimilates such as sugars and amino acids. Analysis of the flowering pattern of these lines revealed induced flowering at IL2-1 plants, suggest that hi2-1 may also affect harvest index and early ripening by changing plant architecture and flowering rate.
Biventricular Mural Endocarditis on the Intraventricular Septum (2015)

Mural endocarditis is an inflammation and disruption of the nonvalvular endocardial surface of the cardiac chambers. We present a rare case of mural endocarditis on the intraventricular (IV) septum on both the left and right ventricular side with intact valvular annulus. This case highlights the complexity of the operative and postoperative management in an unprecedented case of biventricular mural endocarditis.
Improved Results With Diabetic Below-Knee Amputations (1985)

This study of 100 consecutive below-knee amputations in 98 diabetic patients was undertaken to review our results and to compare them with a similar report of 20 years ago. Ninety-three limbs were ischemic, and 79% of the patients had significant infection. This finding was similar to that in our previous study group. Twenty-one percent of the patients had previous arterial reconstruction, 11% had had a toe or metatarsal amputation, and 17% required a guillotine (open) amputation to control sepsis. The below- to above-knee amputation ratio was 2.3/1. The selection of level was made on clinical grounds. None of the 100 amputations required revision to above-knee amputation. The mortality rate was 3% and the wound complication rate was 18%. Eighty-three percent of the patients were ambulatory at the time of discharge, which occurred at an average of 35 days. There has been a significant improvement in the number of successful below-knee amputations performed since our previous study. We attribute these results to aggressive surgical control of infection and to close follow-up with early recognition and treatment of healing problems.
A state space approach to multimodal integration of simultaneously recorded EEG and fMRI (2010)

We develop a state space approach to multimodal integration of simultaneously recorded EEG and fMRI. The EEG is represented with a distributed current source model using realistic MRI-based forward models, whose temporal evolution is governed by a linear state space model. The fMRI signal is similarly modeled by a linear state space model describing the hemodynamic response to underlying EEG current activity. We explore the feasibility of high dimensional dynamic estimation of simultaneous EEG/fMRI using simulation studies of the alpha wave.
A field‐based disparity analysis of new 1,2,5‐oxadiazole derivatives endowed with antiproliferative activity (2017)

A series of 1,2,5-oxadiazoles were synthesized as new potential antiproliferative agents. The in vitro cytotoxic activity evaluation of title compounds through MTT assay revealed that some of them showed significant activity against the HCT-116 cancer cell line. The field-based disparity analysis provided indications about the electrostatic, hydrophobic, and shape features underlying the cytotoxicity, suggesting that increasing the negative electrostatic field on the heterocyclic core of the structure has positive effects on the activity. The structure-activity relationships (SAR) around a particular compound can be explained allowing for a structural rationale for the differences in activity. The SAR provided by this series of compounds can be exploited to carry out further lead optimization.
Small molecule PSMA inhibitors for targeted molecular imaging of prostate cancer (2008)

Demodicosis refers to the infestation by Demodex spp., a saprophytic mite of the pilosebaceous unit. Demodex proliferation can result in a number of cutaneous disorders including pustular folliculitis, pityriasis folliculorum, papulopustular, and granulomatous rosacea, among others. We report the case of a 7-year-old female presenting with pruritic grayish crusted lesions over her nose and cheeks, along with facial erythema, papules, and pustules. The father referred chronic use of topical steroids. A potassium hydroxide mount of a pustule scraping revealed several D. folliculorum mites. Oral ivermectin (200 μg/kg, single dose) plus topical permethrin 5% lotion applied for 3 consecutive nights were administered. Oral ivermectin was repeated every week and oral erythromycin plus topical metronidazole cream was added. The facial lesions greatly improved within the following 3 months. While infestation of the pilosebaceous unit by Demodex folliculorum mites is common, only few individuals present symptoms. Demodicosis can present as pruritic papules, pustules, plaques, and granulomatous facial lesions. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of facial crusted demodicosis in an immunocompetent child. The development of symptoms in this patient could be secondary to local immunosuppression caused by the chronic use of topical steroids.
New Insights and Methodologies Are Needed to Solve the Many Epidemiologic Enigmas of Prostate Cancer (2001)

For years researchers have struggled to identify etiologic factors that might explain the almost 10-fold differences in the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer between various geographic and ethnic populations. However little specific insights have been gained into identifying these etiologic factors or the mechanisms involved. Thus there is certainly a need to understand the limitations and advantages of new epidemiologic approaches and more specific molecular probes and how they can be applied more meaningfully. This special issue of the Epidemiologic Reviews publication contains 28 papers on important areas of study related to prostate cancer written by experts whose experience makes these papers most valuable. A most critical aim is to determine how these approaches will be integrated or fused to answer the bigger question of how to prevent or impact upon prostate cancer. Six questions and insights that might provide some direction toward finding clues to this mystery are given. Overall the papers in this issue should help some scientists to synthesize the proper studies needed to answer these questions.
Internet enabled digital photography (1999)

The principles and concepts of Internet enabled digital photography are outlined. The design and implementation of an interface appliance to connect digital cameras to the Internet is described. In addition details are given of the server-side infrastructure required to support range of network-oriented services.
INVESTIGATION OF TEAR-OUT BEHAVIOR OF SMALL INTESTINAL ANASTOMOSES INTRODUCING A NEW STANDARDIZATION OF THE MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE (2012)

Purpose: The goal of the study was to investigate the influence of independently varied parameters on the tear-out force of small intestinal anastomoses of abattoir pigs using methods which provide a high grade of standardization and reproducibility. Methods: The tear-out force of sutured small intestine tissue was recorded, while independently varying the thread type (I), the number of stitches (II), the stitch-to-stitch distance (III), and the stitch to sample-edge distance (IV). Results: The tear-out force was shown to be significantly higher when using Vicryl 3-0 in comparison to PDS II 3-0, the significance being highest for small numbers of stitches. Given a fixed number of stitches, small stitch-to-stitch (stitch-to-edge) distances &lt;~5.0 mm yield a significantly lower tear-out force than larger stitch-to-stitch distances. Conclusion: Standardization of methods used in the investigation of anastomoses of the small intestine is desirable and shown to be possible. Significant dependence of the tear-out force on some of the investigated parameters can be observed.
Enhanced Electrochemical Stability of Sulfide‐Based LiNi<sub>0.8</sub>Mn<sub>0.1</sub>Co<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub> All‐Solid‐State Batteries by Ti Surface Doping (2020)

Abstract All‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) using inorganic superionic conductors are considered a safer alternative to the current lithium ion battery technology. And tackling the issue of interfacial stability between the solid‐state electrolyte and electrode active material is a critical step to achieving sustainable ASSBs. In this work, we applied a TiO 2 surface coating on LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 (NMC811) particles through a dry‐coating process, and subsequently heat‐treated the TiO 2 ‐coated materials. We systematically characterized the changes to the material after the coating and heating processes, and we explored the role of TiO 2 coating and heat‐treatment on the electrochemical cycling of NMC811 in a sulfide‐based ASSB. The coating and heat treatment resulted in Ti doped into the NMC811 surface, which reduced undesired side reactions and improved cycling stability. Capacity retention of the doped material was 55 % at 50 cycles, versus 11 % in the un‐doped material. The observations in this study provide an alternative approach toward enhancing the interfacial stabilities between high‐energy NMC materials and sulfide‐based solid‐state electrolyte.
Probing Exchange Pathways in One-Dimensional Aggregates with Super-Resolution Microscopy (2014)

Supramolecular fibers are prominent structures in biology and chemistry. A quantitative understanding of molecular exchange pathways in these one-dimensional aggregates was obtained by a combination of super-resolution stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy and stochastic simulation. The potential of this methodology is demonstrated with a set of well-defined synthetic building blocks that self-assemble into supramolecular fibrils. Previous ensemble measurements hid all molecular phenomena underpinning monomer exchange, but the molecular pathway determined from single-aggregate studies revealed unexpected homogeneous exchange along the polymer backbone. These results pave the way for experimental investigation of the structure and exchange pathways of synthetic and natural supramolecular fibers.
Toward Geometric Deep SLAM (2017)

We present a point tracking system powered by two deep convolutional neural networks. The first network, MagicPoint, operates on single images and extracts salient 2D points. The extracted points are "SLAM-ready" because they are by design isolated and well-distributed throughout the image. We compare this network against classical point detectors and discover a significant performance gap in the presence of image noise. As transformation estimation is more simple when the detected points are geometrically stable, we designed a second network, MagicWarp, which operates on pairs of point images (outputs of MagicPoint), and estimates the homography that relates the inputs. This transformation engine differs from traditional approaches because it does not use local point descriptors, only point locations. Both networks are trained with simple synthetic data, alleviating the requirement of expensive external camera ground truthing and advanced graphics rendering pipelines. The system is fast and lean, easily running 30+ FPS on a single CPU.
Atomic-scale to mesoscale simulation of mineral growth and dissolution reactions (2014)

Rare event methods can potentially allow unprecedented ability to determine reaction mechanisms, rate and equilibrium constants for atomic-scale mineral growth and dissolution reactions. These in turn may allow one to develop more accurate and predictive macroscopic rate expressions. However, for any predicted reaction mechanisms to be realistic, the simulation must be calibrated and validated to experimental data that demonstrates that the model produces plausible chemical reactions. Such experimental data include traditional parameters such as the solubility product, ion hydration energies, and bulk mineral structure. This also includes new data such as the interfacial structure measured by X-ray Reflectivity, the interfacial dynamics measured by Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering, and aqueous ion hydration structure measured by Neutron Diffraction with Isotopic Substitution or X-ray pair distribution function analysis. More valid comparisons between experiments and the simulations are in active development to better gauge the consistency between simulation and experiment. Once derived, any plausible reaction mechanisms derived from the rare even theories must then be incorporated into mesoscale simulation approaches such as kinetic Monte Carlo to be compared to experimental measurements of mineral growth and dissolution, such as by atomic force microscopy. The focus of this talk will be on applying the methods discussed above to the growth of two sparingly-soluble salts, barite (BaSO4) and calcite (CaCO3).