gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Use of Fusicoccin as Anticancer Compound (2020)

The problem of creation and use of sorption materials is of current interest for the practice of the modern medicine and agriculture. Practical importance is production of a biostimulant using a carbon sorbent for a significant increase in productivity, which is very relevant for the regions of Kazakhstan. It is known that a plant phytohormone—fusicoccin—in nanogram concentrations transforms cancer cells to the state of apoptosis. In this regard, there is a scientific practical interest in the development of a highly efficient method for producing fusicoccin from extract of germinated wheat seeds. According to the results of computer modeling, cleaning composite components of fusicoccin using microporous carbon adsorbents not suitable as the size of the molecule of fusicoccin more than micropores and the optimum pore size for purification of constituents of fusicoccin was determined by computer simulation.
&lt;title&gt;Psychophysical approach to modeling image semantics&lt;/title&gt; (2001)

Current image retrieval systems compare images based on low- level primitives, such as color, color layout, texture and shape. However, recent psychophysical experiments show that human observers primarily use high-level semantic descriptors and categories to judge image similarity. To model. these high-level descriptors in terms of low-level primitives we use hierarchical clustering to segment the psychophysically determined image similarity space into semantically meaningful categories. We then conduct a series of psychophysical experiments to evaluate the perceptual salience of these categories. For each category we investigate the correlation with low-level pictorial features to identify semantically relevant features, their organization and distribution. Our findings suggest a new semantically based image similarity model.
The use of angiogenic biomarkers to differentiate non-HELLP related thrombocytopenia from HELLP syndrome (2010)

Objective. Preeclampsia (PE) is diagnosed using clinical criteria and in atypical cases the diagnosis may be inaccurate as there are no specific tests to confirm or exclude PE. This study sought to evaluate the utility of angiogenic biomarkers, sFlt1, sEng and PlGF to distinguish patients with gestational thrombocytopenia and immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) from patients with thrombocytopenia resulting from the HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets) syndrome, a complication of severe PE.Methods. Serum was collected and the angiogenic biomarkers of patients with ITP and gestational thrombocytopenia (N = 9) were compared to patients with HELLP (N = 11) and PE (N = 11). Circulating levels of these angiogenic biomarkers were also compared by gestational age to 1564 randomly selected normotensive women from the Calcium for Preeclampsia Prevention study.Results. Patients with non-HELLP thrombocytopenia had lower sFlt1 (7.3 ± 3.8 ng/ml vs. 15.5 ± 5 ng/ml, P < 0.001), lower sEng (8.7 ± 3.6 vs. 34 ± 17, P < 0.001) and higher PlGF (484 ± 412 vs. 66.3 ± 44, P = 0.003) than patients with HELLP syndrome. Angiogenic factor abnormalities in patients with PE were similar to patients with HELLP syndrome, suggesting a common pathogenesis. Patients with non-HELLP thrombocytopenia had angiogenic profiles similar to normotensive controls, whereas patients with HELLP syndrome had levels higher than the 90th percentile for sFlt1 and sEng and lower than the 10th percentile for PlGF.Conclusions. Angiogenic biomarkers may be useful in excluding conditions that mimic PE.
One-Dimensional Nanoelectronic Devices - Towards the Quantum Capacitance Limit (2008)

We present a study on the scaling of conventional as well as tunneling nanowire/tube field-effect transistors towards the quantum capacitance limit. As it turns out conventional FETs exhibit a scaling benefit in this limit in terms of the power delay product. In addition, the appearance of short channel-like effects due to a parasitics charge pile-up can be avoided. Scaling tFETs towards the QCL allows obtaining regular transistor output characteristics and an on-state performance similar to the performance of cFETs.
Pressure-Induced Transition C N R Rao and K J Rao, Phase Transitions in Solids, McGraw Hill Inc., New York, 1978. (2016)

This document provides definitions of phase transitions that relate specifically to the solid state. Various types of transition have been defined; they include: (i) structural transitions of the solid state, (ii) transitions related to the change in the state of matter, that is, from a solid phase to either a liquid or gaseous phase, or vice-versa, (iii) transitions related to changes in composition, (iv) metallurgical transitions, (v) transitions related to changes in the electronic structures of crystals, (vi) transitions that change thermodynamic properties or the disorder of a system, and (vii) liquid-crystal transitions.
Localization of oestrogen receptor alpha, oestrogen receptor beta and androgen receptors in the rat reproductive organs (2000)

There is now evidence that oestrogens and androgens can influence male and female reproductive systems. In order to accurately identify the sites of action of oestrogens and androgens, we have proceeded to the histological localization of the two oestrogen receptor (ER) subtypes, ERalpha and ERbeta, and the androgen receptor (AR) in the reproductive tissues of adult rats of both sexes. AR was detected by immunocytochemistry, while ERalpha and ERbeta were localized by both immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization. In the pituitary gland of animals of both sexes, ERalpha was found in the majority of nuclei of secretory cells in the anterior pituitary. The intermediate and posterior lobes did not show any staining. ERbeta was not found to be expressed in any of the pituitary lobes. Using AR antibodies, nuclear staining was detected in about 50% of secretory cells of the anterior lobe, the intermediate and posterior lobes being completely unstained. In the testis, ERalpha was localized in nuclei of Leydig cells as well as in round spermatocytes and spermatids, while ERbeta could only be detected in Sertoli cell nuclei. AR immunoreactivity was found in nuclei of Sertoli, peritubular myoid and Leydig cells. In the prostate, ERbeta was observed in epithelial cells of tubulo-alveoli, while the stroma was unlabelled. ERalpha was not found to be expressed in any prostate cells. In the prostate, AR was detected in nuclei of epithelial, stromal and endothelial cells. In seminal vesicles, staining of ERalpha was found in nuclei of epithelial and stromal cells. Similar findings were observed using AR antibodies. While ERbeta mRNA could not be detected by in situ hybridization, weak staining for ERbeta was localized in epithelial cells of seminal vesicles. In the ovary, both ERalpha and ERbeta were found to be expressed. ERbeta mRNA was found in granulosa cells of growing follicles, while ERalpha was present in theca cells, interstitial gland cells and germinal epithelium. AR immunoreactivity was detected in granulosa cell nuclei in growing follicles and also in scattered interstitial cells. In the oviduct and uterus, ERalpha was observed in nuclei of epithelial cells as well as of stromal and muscle cells. Similarly, AR immunoreactivity was present in nuclei of epithelial cells, stromal and muscle cells in both the oviduct and uterus. ERbeta was not detected in the oviduct and uterus. The present findings indicate a cell-specific localization of ERalpha, ERbeta and AR in reproductive tissues in rats of both sexes. By establishing the precise sites of action of oestrogens and androgens they contribute to a better understanding of the respective role of these steroids in reproduction function.
Diversity-multiplexing trade-off for mobile urban environments (2007)

Measured data from an urban microcell has been used to determine typical operational diversity-multiplexing trade-offs provided by MIMO channels at finite SNRs. It is seen that the optimal relationship obtained using theoretical channel models is overly optimistic.
Evolution of microstructures and mechanical properties of AZ31B magnesium alloy weldment with active oxide fluxes and GTAW process (2011)

In this study, the effect of active oxide fluxes with gas tungsten arc welding on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31B magnesium alloy weldment was investigated. The gas tungsten arc welding process through a flux spray layer was applied to an AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet to produce a bead-on-plate specimen. Oxide (TiO2, SiO2, Fe2O3, Al2O3, and ZrO2) powders were used as the activating fluxes. The macrographs and micrographs of the weld beads were examined using an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope. The specimens with SiO2 and Fe2O3 fluxes had high depth-to-width ratio welds, followed by those with TiO2 and ZrO2 fluxes and while that with Al2O3 flux had the low ratio weld. The use of 70 A welding current for the specimens with different fluxes produced complete penetration, whereas the specimen without any flux required a 90 A welding current to produce complete penetration. The weld bead microstructure was affected by the activating fluxes, which created different thermal effects that changed the convection direction and promoted the formation of various precipitates in the fusion zone during solidification. Three types of precipitates were found in the fusion zones, that is, a long layer-shaped TiAlMg precipitate with TiO2 flux, a spherical AlMgZn precipitate with Al2O3 flux, and an oval-shaped MgAlMn precipitate with all types of fluxes. The mechanical properties of AZ31B magnesium alloy were measured by tensile testing in the rolling direction. Fractures occurred in the fusion zone near the heat-affected zone interface of specimens welded with TiO2 flux, revealing a brittle fracture with trans-granular cleavage facets and a large number of small, bright dimples at the center. Such brittle fractures also occurred in the fusion zone of specimens welded with Al2O3, ZrO2, SiO2, and Fe2O3 fluxes. Similarly, the specimens welded with Al2O3 exhibited a brittle fracture with trans-granular facets, whereas the other specimens revealed a brittle fracture with inter-granular cleavage facets.
ChemInform Abstract: INVERSION OF CONFIGURATION AT C‐8 IN THE OLIVANIC ACIDS: CONVERSION INTO THE THIENAMYCINS AND OTHER NOVEL DERIVATIVES (1983)

Abstract Die Olivansäuren (Ia) (MM 22383) und Ic) (MM 22381) werden in die am C‐8 konfigurativ inversen Thienamycin‐Derivate (VII) (als Na‐Salze) übergeführt.
SimSmartMobility: inzicht in de effecten van Smart Mobility maatregelen door simulatie (2017)

Overheden en marktpartijen investeren momenteel veel in Smart Mobility toepassingen en dit roept vragen op over de effecten van deze innovatieve mobiliteitsoplossingen. SimSmartMobility is een platform voor simulaties van Smart Mobility en richt zich op het steeds beter kunnen beantwoorden van deze vragen. In dit discussiepaper geven we een korte toelichting op SimSmartMobility. Vervolgens bespreken we waarom simulatie van Smart Mobility een belangrijke stap is in het verkrijgen van meer inzicht in de effecten van Smart Mobility en welke type vragen met SimSmartMobility beantwoord kunnen worden. Tot slot poneren we een aantal stellingen voor een discussie zodat we tijdens het NVC met u hierover in gesprek kunnen gaan en de inzichten uit de discussie kunnen gebruiken om de toepassing en doorontwikkeling SimSmartMobility zo goed mogelijk aan te sluiten bij uw wensen.
Wideband very fast set-on receiver (2002)

A very fast, high instantaneous bandwidth set-on receiver has been developed by replacing traditional silicon components with digital and monolithic GaAs components. It consists of an instantaneous frequency measurement module, a synthesizer module (serrodyne), and limiter filter modules. The receiver exhibits a 60-ns response time over a 180-MHz bandwidth while operating in the 7-11-GHz band. Very fast set-on receivers such as this one can track and jam frequency agile or phase agile radars.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Optical profilometry based on light microscopy (2016)

The ability to acquire the profile of surfaces is essential for various applications in manufacturing. Most profilometry techniques can be divided in two categories, contact and non-contact. Non-contact methods mostly rely on interferometry, structured illumination and focus variation. The cost of a commercial profilometer can be prohibitive for small businesses wishing to accurately control their manufacturing processes. Here, we show how a basic light microscope can be modified at a low cost in order to obtain surface profiles. We will describe the add-ons to the microscope, the custom software developed and the image analysis algorithm that retrieved the surface profile from an image stack.
Cell signalling / Pathophysiology (2012)

&lt;b&gt;Introduction and Aims:&lt;/b&gt; Chronic kidney disease (CKD) markedly increases cardiovascular risk. Tissue Factor (TF), whose levels are elevated in CKD patients, may participate in the development of cardiovascular diseases.We hypothesized that indolic uremic solutes, indoxyl sulfate (IS) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), are involved in increased TF production. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; IAA, IS and plasma tissue factor levels were measured in 72 hemodialysis (HD) patients, 50 undialyzed CKD patients (CKD) and 37 control subjects (controls). We then studied in vitro the effect of IAA and IS at maximal uremic concentrations (9 μg/mL and 250 μg/mL respectively) on TF production in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) . We also measured TF-dependent procoagulant activity in HUVEC incubated with IS and IAA. Finally, we studied the involvement of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in this TF production by using pharmacological antagonists and siRNA experiments. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Soluble TF (sTF) levels were respectively 142+/- 48 pg/mL in HD, 77 +/- 66 pg/mL in CKD and 36+/-14 pg/mL in controls, with significant differences between all groups. In CKD patients, sTF levels were negatively correlated with renal function estimated by MDRD formula (r= - 0,333, p &lt; 0,05). IS and IAA levels were positively correlated with sTF (r= - 0,333, p &lt; 0,05 and r= 0,32, p &lt; 0,01). In vitro, IS and IAA increased TF protein levels and TF membrane expression in HUVEC and PBMC. IAA and IS also increased TF-dependent procoagulant activity in HUVEC. This increased TF antigen production is preceded by increased mRNA levels suggesting an elevated transcriptional activity. siRNA directed against AhR abolished the increase in TF protein, procoagulant activity and mRNA levels induced by IS and IAA. TF expression and activity were also increased by dioxin, a well-known AHR agonist. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; In conclusion, the indolic uremic solutes increase TF production in endothelial cells and PBMC via AHR activation, evoking a “dioxin-like” effect. These newly described mechanisms of uremic solute toxicity might help understand the high cardiovascular risk of CKD patients.
Quantitative Determination of Plasmodium vivax Gametocytes by Real-Time Quantitative Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification in Clinical Samples (2009)

Microscopic detection of Plasmodium vivax gametocytes, the sexual life stage of this malaria parasite, is insensitive because P. vivax parasitaemia is low. To detect and quantify gametocytes a more sensitive, quantitative real-time Pvs25-QT-NASBA based on Pvs25 mRNA was developed and tested in two clinical sample sets from three different continents. Pvs25-QT-NASBA is highly reproducible with low inter-assay variation and reaches sensitivity approximately 800 times higher than conventional microscopic gametocyte detection. Specificity was tested in 104 samples from P. vivax-, P. falciparum-, P. malariae-, and P. ovale-infected patients. All non-vivax samples were negative in the Pvs25-QT-NASBA; out of 74 PvS18-QT-NASBA positive samples 69% were positive in the Pvs25-QT-NASBA. In a second set of 136 P. vivax microscopically confirmed samples, gametocyte prevalence was 8%, whereas in contrast 66% were positive by Pvs25-QT-NASBA. The data suggest that the human P. vivax gametocyte reservoir is much larger when assessed by Pvs25-QT-NASBA than by microscopy.
X-Ray and Extreme Ultraviolet Lithographies (2010)

Like their conventional optical lithography counterparts (discussed in Chapter 13), EUV lithography and x-ray lithography utilize photons to image and pattern devices. But unlike their conventional optical lithography counterparts, they utilize extremely short-wavelength photons in the soft (for EUV lithography) and hard x-ray (for x-ray lithography) regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Of these two lithographies, x-ray lithography was the first to be successfully demonstrated to be useful in lithographic patterning. The resolution potential of both x-ray and EUV lithographies, given their short wavelengths, was the main motivation for their development. The two main printing modes of these lithographies are in proximity mode (for x-ray lithography) and projection mode (for soft x-ray lithography, also called EUV lithography). In the following sections, we discuss the essential attributes of these lithographies. <strong>14.2 Proximity X-Ray Lithography</strong> Lithography using x-ray photons with extremely short wavelengths in the range of 0.4 nm to 2 nm can inherently overcome the diffraction effects associated with imaging features with sizes comparable to the exposure wavelengths of UV lithographies. This was the main motivation underlying x-ray lithography. However, at x-ray wavelengths, there are no known materials for making image-forming lenses or mirrors. Consequently, proximity x-ray lithography (see Fig. 14.1), where the mask is brought to within a few microns of the wafer and the x rays are passed directly through the mask and onto the wafer, was invented. The year 1972 witnessed the invention of proximity x-ray lithography by Hank Smith at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Many companies (IBM, Cannon, Nikon), universities (MIT and the University of Wisconsin), and governments (United States and Japan) spent well over a billion dollars on its development. The first attempts at production of x-ray aligners were made in the mid-1970s by AT&amp;T and MIT, and in the early 1980s by Micronix Partners, Hampshire Instruments, Nikon, and Karl Suss. X-ray step-and-repeat and step-and-scan systems were eventually made commercially available.
Anti-pancreatic lipase and anti-adipogenic effects of 5,7,3′,4′,5′-pentamethoxy and 6,2′,4′-trimethoxy flavone - An in vitro study (2022)

In this study, the anti-obesity effects of 5,7,3',4',5-pentamethoxyflavone (PMF) and 6,2',4'-trimethoxyflavone (TMF) were evaluated through two distinct mechanisms of action: inhibition of crude porcine pancreatic lipase (PL), and inhibition of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. Both flavones show dose dependent, competitive inhibition of PL activity. Molecular docking studies revealed binding of the flavones to the active site of PL. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, both flavones reduced the accumulation of lipids and triglycerides. PMF and TMF also lowered the expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes. They both reduced the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α and β (C/EBP α and β), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBF 1), fatty acid synthase (FASN), adipocyte binding protein 2 (aP2), and leptin gene. In addition, these flavones enhanced adiponectin mRNA expression, increased lipolysis and enhanced the expression of lipolytic genes: adipose triglycerides lipase (ATGL), hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and monoglycerides lipase (MAGL) in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Overall, PMF was seen to be a more potent inhibitor of both PL activity and adipogenesis versus TMF. These results suggest that PMF and TMF possess anti-obesity activities and can be further evaluated for their anti-obesity effects.
Genome-wide identification of genetic determinants for the cytotoxicity of perifosine (2008)

Perifosine belongs to the class of alkylphospholipid analogues, which act primarily at the cell membrane, thereby targeting signal transduction pathways. In phase I/II clinical trials, perifosine has induced tumour regression and caused disease stabilisation in a variety of tumour types. The genetic determinants responsible for its cytotoxicity have not been comprehensively studied, however. We performed a genome-wide analysis to identify genes whose expression levels or genotypic variation were correlated with the cytotoxicity of perifosine, using public databases on the US National Cancer Institute (NCI)-60 human cancer cell lines. For demonstrating drug specificity, the NCI Standard Agent Database (including 171 drugs acting through a variety of mechanisms) was used as a control. We identified agents with similar cytotoxicity profiles to that of perifosine in compounds used in the NCI drug screen. Furthermore, Gene Ontology and pathway analyses were carried out on genes more likely to be perifosine specific. The results suggested that genes correlated with perifosine cytotoxicity are connected by certain known pathways that lead to the mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathway and apoptosis. Biological processes such as 'response to stress', 'inflammatory response' and 'ubiquitin cycle' were enriched among these genes. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in CACNA2D1 and EXOC4 were found to be correlated with perifosine cytotoxicity. Our results provided a manageable list of genes whose expression levels or genotypic variation were strongly correlated with the cytotoxcity of perifosine. These genes could be targets for further studies using candidate-gene approaches. The results also provided insights into the pharmacodynamics of perifosine.
New Anti-Neoplastics Obtained by a Molecular Connectivity Method (2000)

Molecular Connectivity is a method, which allows to discriminate different pharmacological activities on the basics of numeric parameters of the molecules in study, related with specific and exclusive indexes. In the present study, we propose two potentially anti-neoplasic compounds: tricromil and zomepirac, by analyzing more than a hundred different chemicals.
X-ray crystallographic and NMR studies on the origins of high enantioselectivity in Diels-Alder reactions catalyzed by a chiral diazaaluminolidine (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTX-ray crystallographic and NMR studies on the origins of high enantioselectivity in Diels-Alder reactions catalyzed by a chiral diazaaluminolidineE. J. Corey, Sepehr Sarshar, and Jon BordnerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 20, 7938–7939Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00046a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00046a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views607Altmetric-Citations89LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts