gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase I study of AMG 160, a half-life extended bispecific T-cell engager (HLE BiTE immune therapy) targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen, in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). (2020)

TPS5590 Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a clinically validated therapeutic target for the imaging and treatment of mCRPC. AMG 160 is an HLE BiTE immune therapy designed to redirect T cells to cancer cells by binding to PSMA on cancer cells and CD3 on T cells. BiTE immune therapy leads to direct tumor cell killing, T-cell activation and expansion, and the creation of a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment. Combining AMG 160 with a PD-1 inhibitor may enhance antitumor activity by enabling sustained T-cell-dependent killing of tumor cells in the inflamed tumor microenvironment. Methods: NCT03792841 is a phase I study of AMG 160 as monotherapy (part 1) and in combination with pembrolizumab (part 2) in men with histologically/cytologically confirmed mCRPC who are refractory to a novel hormonal therapy (abiraterone, enzalutamide, and/or apalutamide) and have failed 1–2 taxane regimens (or are medically unsuitable or have refused taxanes), who have ongoing castration with total serum testosterone ≤ 50 ng/dL, and have evidence of progressive disease. Patients who received prior PSMA radionuclide therapy may be eligible. Patients with CNS metastases, leptomeningeal disease, spinal cord compression, or active autoimmune disease will be excluded. Primary objectives are to evaluate safety and tolerability and determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) or recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of AMG 160 given as monotherapy or in combination with pembrolizumab. Secondary objectives are to characterize pharmacokinetics and preliminary antitumor activity. Exploratory objectives include evaluation of potential pharmacodynamic and patient selection biomarkers, immunogenicity, and patient-reported pain and functional outcomes. The part 1 dose exploration will determine the MTD/RP2D of AMG 160. The part 1 dose expansion will confirm the safety and tolerability of the MTD/RP2D. The part 2 dose exploration will estimate the MTD/RP2D of AMG 160 in combination with pembrolizumab. Evaluation of preliminary antitumor activity will be based on RECIST 1.1 with Prostate Cancer Working Group 3 modifications, PSA response, CTC response, progression-free survival (radiographic and PSA), and overall survival. PSMA PET/CT and FDG PET/CT imaging will be used for evaluation of exploratory objectives. The study opened in February 2019 and is currently recruiting patients into both part 1 and part 2. Clinical trial information: NCT03792841 .
Role of Exchange Protein Directly Activated by cAMP‐1 (Epac‐1) in Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells: A New Target for Pulmonary Hypertension (2008)

Dysfunctional cAMP signaling contributes to enhanced proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC) in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac, Epac‐1 and Epac‐2 are isoforms), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rap, has been identified as a cAMP‐effector. We found that PASMC isolated from PAH‐patients have decreased mRNA and protein expression of Epac‐1, decreased Rap‐1 activation and blunted anti‐proliferative response to an Epac‐selective cAMP analog [8‐pCPT‐2Me‐cAMP (8Me), 50μM, 24 hr]. Hypothesizing that increasing Epac‐1 expression in PAH‐PASMC would enhance the anti‐proliferative effect of cAMP, we restored its expression using an Epac‐1 adenovirus. Adv‐Epac‐1 increased Epac‐1 protein expression in PAH‐PASMC 20‐fold compared to Adv‐Lac‐Z without altering Epac‐2 and decreased serum‐induced proliferation more in PAH‐ than control‐PASMC (64 ± 2.8% and 38.3 ± 1.7% respectively, compared to Adv‐Lac‐Z). Over‐expression of Epac‐1 enhanced the anti‐proliferative effect of 8Me in PAH‐PASMC by 22.3±2.9% and increased Rap‐1 activation to a level similar to control‐PASMC. We conclude that decreased Epac‐1 contributes to altered signaling and increased PASMC proliferation in PAH. Restoring Epac‐1 expression may be beneficial in PAH by enhancing the effectiveness of drugs that increase cAMP. Supported by NIH and ALA.
A medical price prediction system using hierarchical decision trees (2017)

The health care costs constitute a significant fraction of the U.S. economy - nearly 20% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is spent on health care. The health spending in the US is the highest among all developed nations in absolute numbers as well as a percentage of the economy. The U.S. government bears a large portion of seniors' health expenditure through its Medicare program. The growing health related expenses combined with the fact that the baby-boomer generation is retiring, and hence they will be eligible for Medicare, puts a great burden on the U.S. exchequer. Therefore, it is essential to contain health related payments through all means possible. In this paper, we develop a medical price prediction system using Medicare payment datasets. Such a system will aid in steering patients to cost effective providers and thereby curb health spending. The policymakers can also use the tool to better understand which providers are relatively expensive and take punitive actions if necessary. We develop a novel hierarchical decision tree approach to predict prices. We conduct extensive experiments to compare various machine learning algorithms, including hierarchical decision trees, RandomForests, linear regression, and Gradient-boosted trees. The experiments indicate that the price prediction system achieves high accuracy.
Settlement Intentions of Recently Arrived Immigrants and Refugees in the Netherlands (2014)

This study investigates settlement intentions of immigrants and refugees. We combine data from several large-scale surveys collected between 1998 and 2009 in the Netherlands, focusing on the population that has resided in the Netherlands 10 years or fewer (N = 4,151). Results show that Surinamese and Antillean immigrants and Somalian refugees are generally less likely than other groups to intend to stay permanently in the Netherlands. Moreover, results show individual differences in settlement intentions. Specifically, ties to Dutch majority members and cultural integration are important factors that are positively related to settlement intentions, while such intentions are not significantly related to economic integration.
Identification of Highly Active Fe Sites in (Ni,Fe)OOH for Electrocatalytic Water Splitting (2015)

Highly active catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are required for the development of photoelectrochemical devices that generate hydrogen efficiently from water using solar energy. Here, we identify the origin of a 500-fold OER activity enhancement that can be achieved with mixed (Ni,Fe)oxyhydroxides (Ni1–xFexOOH) over their pure Ni and Fe parent compounds, resulting in one of the most active currently known OER catalysts in alkaline electrolyte. Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) using high energy resolution fluorescence detection (HERFD) reveals that Fe3+ in Ni1–xFexOOH occupies octahedral sites with unusually short Fe–O bond distances, induced by edge-sharing with surrounding [NiO6] octahedra. Using computational methods, we establish that this structural motif results in near optimal adsorption energies of OER intermediates and low overpotentials at Fe sites. By contrast, Ni sites in Ni1–xFexOOH are not active sites for the oxidation of water.
Ultrafast Electron Diffraction from Aligned Molecules (2010)

We present experimental results on ultrafast electron diffraction from transiently aligned molecules in the absence of external (aligning) fields. The molecules are aligned selectively through a photodissociation reaction using a femtosecond laser pulse.
Transport and Capture Properties of Auger-Generated High-Energy Carriers in (AlInGa)N Quantum Well Structures (2015)

Recent photoluminescence experiments presented by M. Binder et al. [Appl. Phys. Lett. 103, 071108 (2013)] demonstrated the visualization of high-energy carriers generated by Auger recombination in (AlInGa)N multi quantum wells. Two fundamental limitations were deduced which reduce the detection efficiency of Auger processes contributing to the reduction in internal quantum efficiency: the capture probability of these hot electrons and holes in a detection well and the asymmetry in type of Auger recombination. We investigate the transport and capture properties of these high-energy carriers regarding polarization fields, the capture distance to the generating well and the capture volume. All three factors are shown to have a noticeable impact on the detection of these hot particles. Furthermore, the investigations support the finding that electron-electron-hole exceeds electron-hole-hole Auger recombination if the densities of both carrier types are similar. Overall, the results add to the evidence that Auger processes play an important role in the reduction of efficiency in (AlInGa)N based LEDs.
Abstract 1493: LonP1 is required for tumor maintenance and growth (2017)

Abstract Proper mitochondrial function is critical for energy production and the cycling of metabolites required for tumor establishment and growth. LonP1 is an ATP-dependent serine protease that is critical for maintaining mitochondrial protein homeostasis by degrading misfolded and damaged proteins in the mitochondrial matrix. Knockdown of LonP1 has been shown to reduce tumorogenesis and is consistent with the model that requires properly functioning mitochondria for tumor establishment. It is unclear what the role of LonP1 is in tumor maintenance and growth from an established tumor, therefore the LonP1 gene was mutated and complemented by a doxycycline-inducible copy of LonP1. These complementation clones have the ability to establish tumors in vivo in the presence of doxycycline, however upon doxycycline withdrawal the tumors regress and show evidence of apoptosis. These xenograft lines permit unique insight into not only potential LonP1 substrates but also the direct and indirect effects from loss of mitochondrial matrix protein homeostasis. Comparison and contrast of these complemented cell lines in vitro and in vivo by expression and proteomic analysis will be discussed. Citation Format: Benjamin S. Amidon, Dongyun Wu, John Bradley, Jingya Ma, Christopher Tsu, Elizabeth Carideo-Cunniff, Vihren Kolev, James Garnsey, Pooja Shah, Erik Koenig, Hua Liao, Courtney Cullis. LonP1 is required for tumor maintenance and growth [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1493. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1493
Preface to the Focus Section on Big Data Problems in Seismology (2022)

Research Article| July 28, 2022 Preface to the Focus Section on Big Data Problems in Seismology Daniel T. Trugman; Daniel T. Trugman 1Nevada Seismological Laboratory, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, U.S.A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9296-4223 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Lihua Fang; Lihua Fang 2Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing, China Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Jonathan Ajo‐Franklin; Jonathan Ajo‐Franklin 3Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Avinash Nayak; Avinash Nayak 4Energy Geosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, U.S.A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7913-7189 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Zefeng Li Zefeng Li * 5School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China *Corresponding author: zefengli@ustc.edu.cn https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4405-8872 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Seismological Research Letters (2022) 93 (5): 2423–2425. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220220219 Article history first online: 28 Jul 2022 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Daniel T. Trugman, Lihua Fang, Jonathan Ajo‐Franklin, Avinash Nayak, Zefeng Li; Preface to the Focus Section on Big Data Problems in Seismology. Seismological Research Letters 2022;; 93 (5): 2423–2425. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/0220220219 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietySeismological Research Letters Search Advanced Search Seismology has long been a data‐driven science, with the field propelled inexorably forward as new datasets became available and their contents were studied in detail. From the first teleseismic recordings with modern seismometers in the late 1800s (Dewey and Byerly, 1969) to the rollout of the Worldwide Standardized Seismic Network (WWSSN) in the 1960s (Sykes, 1967) to the recent deployments of dense nodal arrays (Lin et al., 2013; Ben‐Zion et al., 2015; Brenguier et al., 2016; Catchings et al., 2020) and Distributed Acoustic Sensing technology (DAS; Zhan,... You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Simple Synthesis of Ruthenium π Complexes of Aromatic Amino Acids and Small Peptides (2010)

The interaction of [Ru(eta(6)-C(10)H(8))(Cp)](+) (Cp=C(5)H(5)) with aromatic amino acids (L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine, L-tryptophane, D-phenylglycine, and L-threo-3-phenylserine) under visible-light irradiation gives the corresponding [Ru(eta(6)-amino acid)(Cp)](+) complexes in near-quantitative yield. The reaction proceeds in air at room temperature in water and tolerates the presence of non-aromatic amino acids (except those which are sulfur containing), monosaccharides, and nucleotides. The complex [Ru(eta(6)-C(10)H(8))(Cp)](+) was also used for selective labeling of Tyr and Phe residues of small peptides, namely, angiotensin I and II derivatives.
DNA Methylation of Birthweight–Blood Pressure Genes and Changes of Blood Pressure in Response to Weight-Loss Diets in the POUNDS Lost Trial (2023)

Our findings suggest that DNAm could be a metabolic memory bridging early and later life, and an indicator of more benefits from eating a low-fat weight-loss diet.
1D nanowires of non-centrosymmetric molecular semiconductors grown by physical vapor deposition (2019)

Understanding how dipolar, non-centrosymmetric organic semiconductors self-assemble, nucleate, and crystallize is integral for designing new molecular solids with unique physical properties and light-matter interactions.
Infrared-induced photodarkening in Tm-doped fluoride fibers (1995)

We have observed a new type of infrared-induced photodarkening in high-numerical-aperture fluoride fibers doped with 3000 and 10,000 parts in 106 by weight of Tm. The loss induced in the visible region by 1140-nm radiation is very strong (as high as 25 dB in a 50-cm piece) and broadband; it can be removed by irradiation with the same pump wavelength at lower powers.
Low Dielectric Polymers (2002)

This report summarizes results obtained from research funded through Research Cooperative Agreement No. NCC-1-01033-"Low Dielectric Polymers" (from 5/10/01 through 5/09/02). Results are reported in three of the proposed research areas (Tasks 1-3 in the original proposal): (1) Repeat and confirm the preparation and properties of the new alkyl-substituted PEK, 6HC17-PEK, (2) Prepare and evaluate polymers derived from a highly fluorinated monomer, and (3) Prepare and evaluate new silicon and/or fluorine-containing polymers expected to retain useful properties at low temperature.
Ultrasound stylet for non-image-guided ventricular catheterization (2015)

OBJECT Urgent ventriculostomy placement can be a lifesaving procedure in the setting of hydrocephalus or elevated intracranial pressure. While external ventricular drain (EVD) insertion is common, there remains a high rate of suboptimal drain placement. Here, the authors seek to demonstrate the feasibility of an ultrasound-based guidance system that can be inserted into an existing EVD catheter to provide a linear ultrasound trace that guides the user toward the ventricle. METHODS The ultrasound stylet was constructed as a thin metal tube, with dimensions equivalent to standard catheter stylets, bearing a single-element, ceramic ultrasound transducer at the tip. Ultrasound backscatter signals from the porcine ventricle were processed by custom electronics to offer real-time information about ventricular location relative to the catheter. Data collected from the prototype device were compared with reference measurements obtained using standard clinical ultrasound imaging. RESULTS A study of porcine ventricular catheterization using the experimental device yielded a high rate of successful catheter placement after a single pass (10 of 12 trials), despite the small size of pig ventricles and the lack of prior instruction on porcine ventricular architecture. A characteristic double-peak signal was identified, which originated from ultrasound reflections off of the near and far ventricular walls. Ventricular dimensions, as obtained from the width between peaks, were in agreement with standard ultrasound reference measurements (p < 0.05). Furthermore, linear ultrasound backscatter data permitted in situ measurement of the stylet distance to the ventricular wall (p < 0.05), which assisted in catheter guidance. CONCLUSIONS The authors have demonstrated the ability of the prototype ultrasound stylet to guide ventricular access in the porcine brain. The alternative design of the device makes it potentially easy to integrate into the standard workflow for bedside EVD placement. The availability of a fast, easy-to-use, inexpensive guidance system can play a role in reducing the complication rate for EVD placement.
NIMG-49. VALIDATION OF SIMULTANEOUS PH- AND O2-WEIGHTED MOLECULAR MRI USING 18F-FDG PET, IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY, AND BIOENERGETICS (2020)

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the potential of a novel MRI metric related to aerobic glycolysis in patients with diffuse gliomas. All subjects (Study I–III; 7, 26, and 11 subjects, respectively) were scanned on 3-T systems and underwent pH-weighted amine chemical exchange saturation transfer spin-and-gradient-echo echoplanar imaging (CEST-SAGE-EPI) or CEST-EPI, and perfusion imaging. Relative oxygen extraction fraction (rOEF) was calculated by dividing hypoxia-sensitive R2’ by normalized relative cerebral blood volume (nrCBV); a novel metric that characterizes glycolytic status (aerobic glycolytic index, AGI) was calculated by dividing amine CEST contrast by rOEF. Patients in Study I were additionally scanned by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET. Stereotactic image-guided biopsies were performed on patients in Study II and III, and samples were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and extracellular flux bioenergetic analysis, respectively. Pairwise correlation between MR metrics and standardized uptake value of 18F-FDG, IHC metrics, or indices of cellular metabolism was calculated using Spearman’s correlation analysis. In Study I, AGI showed very strong significant correlation with 18F-FDG uptake in glioma (correlation coefficient ρ = 0.86, P =0.014). In Study II, AGI was significantly correlated with glucose transporter 3 (ρ = 0.71; P = 0.0041) and hexokinase 2 (ρ = 0.73; P = 0.0029) in IDH wild-type glioma, while it was significantly correlated with monocarboxylate transporter 1 (ρ = 0.59; P = 0.0094) in IDH mutant glioma. This result may reflect the different glycolytic statuses of these gliomas; specifically, the rate-limiting steps in glycolysis. In Study III, a strong significant correlation with cellular AGI derived from the bioenergetic analysis was found for AGI derived from MRI (ρ = 0.79, P = .036). In conclusion, AGI derived from MRI was correlated with FDG, IHC measurements, and cellular AGI. Future studies investigating the clinical utility of AGI in prediction and evaluation of treatment effects are warranted.
Data from CD122-Selective IL2 Complexes Reduce Immunosuppression, Promote Treg Fragility, and Sensitize Tumor Response to PD-L1 Blockade (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The IL2 receptor (IL2R) is an attractive cancer immunotherapy target that controls immunosuppressive T regulatory cells (Treg) and antitumor T cells. Here we used IL2Rβ-selective IL2/anti-IL2 complexes (IL2c) to stimulate effector T cells preferentially in the orthotopic mouse ID8agg ovarian cancer model. Despite strong tumor rejection, IL2c unexpectedly lowered the tumor microenvironmental CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;/Treg ratio. IL2c reduced tumor microenvironmental Treg suppression and induced a fragile Treg phenotype, helping explain improved efficacy despite numerically increased Tregs without affecting Treg in draining lymph nodes. IL2c also reduced Treg-mediated, high-affinity IL2R signaling needed for optimal Treg functions, a likely mechanism for reduced Treg suppression. Effector T-cell IL2R signaling was simultaneously improved, suggesting that IL2c inhibits Treg functions without hindering effector T cells, a limitation of most Treg depletion agents. Anti-PD-L1 antibody did not treat ID8agg, but adding IL2c generated complete tumor regressions and protective immune memory not achieved by either monotherapy. Similar anti-PD-L1 augmentation of IL2c and degradation of Treg functions were seen in subcutaneous B16 melanoma. Thus, IL2c is a multifunctional immunotherapy agent that stimulates immunity, reduces immunosuppression in a site-specific manner, and combines with other immunotherapies to treat distinct tumors in distinct anatomic compartments.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;These findings present CD122-targeted IL2 complexes as an advancement in cancer immunotherapy, as they reduce Treg immunosuppression, improve anticancer immunity, and boost PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade efficacy in distinct tumors and anatomic locations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Phenylselanyl and α‐Phenylsulfanyl Nitriles from Aldehyde N,N‐Dialkylhydrazones. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Manipulating the conductance of single-walled carbon nanotubes based thin films for evolving threshold logic circuits using particle swarm optimisation (2016)

Evolution In Materio (EIM) is concerned with solving computational problems by exploiting the physical properties of materials. This paper presents the results of using a particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm for evolving logic circuits in single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) based composites on a special custom made platform. The material used is a composite of SWCNT dispersed randomly in a polymer forming a complex conductive network. Following the EIM methodology the conductance of the material is manipulated for evolving threshold based logic circuits. The problem is formulated as a constrained, mixed integer optimisation problem. It is solved using PSO in conjunction with the shortest position value rule. The results showed that the conductive properties of SWCNT can be used to configure these materials to evolve multiple input/ output logic circuits.