gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive cerebral blood oxygenation monitoring: clinical test of multiwavelength optoacoustic system (2007)

Continuous monitoring of cerebral blood oxygenation is critically important for treatment of patients with life-threatening conditions like severe brain injury or during cardiac surgery. We designed and built a novel multiwavelength optoacoustic system for noninvasive, continuous, and accurate monitoring of cerebral blood oxygenation. We use an Optical Parametric Oscillator as a light source. We successfully tested the system in vitro as well as in vivo in large animals (sheep) through thick tissues overlying blood vessels which drain venous blood out of the brain (e.g., superior sagittal sinus or jugular vein). Here we present the results of clinical tests of the system for continuous noninvasive cerebral blood oxygenation monitoring in the internal jugular vein of healthy volunteers. We applied our custom-built optoacoustic probe (which incorporated a wide-band acoustic transducer and an optical fiber) to the neck area overlying the internal jugular vein. We performed measurements with volunteers at 18 wavelengths in the near-infrared spectral range. Despite a thick layer of overlying connective tissue and low energy used in the experiments, we recorded signals with high signal-to-noise ratios for all volunteers. We found that the temporal (independent of signal amplitude) parameters of recorded profiles for different levels of blood oxygenation correlated well with the spectrum of effective attenuation coefficients of blood.
Requirements on Surge Protective Devices in Modern DC-Grids (2018)

The paper gives an overview on the forthcoming requirements that surge protective devices (SPD) will face in modern DC-grids. Therefore, the current and future structure of DC-grids which is under discussion will be analysed. Based on the characteristics of modern DC-grids the required protection levels, the behaviour of possible follow currents and the maximum surge current discharge capacity needed in DC-grids will be investigated. Furthermore, this work shows the requirements on SPDs protecting the DC grid from transient overvoltages with regard to their withstand capability to temporary overvoltage in DC-grids caused by power crossing events and fault situations.
The Continuum of Load Modulation Ratio From Doherty to Traveling-Wave Amplifiers (2019)

This article proposes a unified theory on power combining with a continuum of load modulation (LM) ratios. Two well-known power amplifier (PA) techniques, Doherty and traveling-wave amplifiers, are the two extreme examples within this continuum, yielding full and zero LMs, respectively. Based on this theory, a power-combining technique is proposed, which optimizes efficiency and bandwidth at a certain power backoff (BO) level, which is often in between the two well-known architectures. As a demonstration, a PA with an LM ratio of 1.4 is designed. It achieves a peak output power of 49.3±0.5 dBm and 47%-60% drain efficiency at 8-dB power BO over 2.6-3.8 GHz. The linearizability and practical usefulness of this PA are demonstrated through linearized-modulated measurements.
Silanimonas lenta gen. nov., sp. nov., a slightly thermophilic and alkaliphilic gammaproteobacterium isolated from a hot spring (2005)

A moderately thermophilic aerobic bacterium, strain 25-4T, was isolated from a hot spring at Baekdoo Mountain in Korea. The cells were Gram-negative, motile rods each having a polar flagellum. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the strain represented a new lineage within the family 'Xanthomonadaceae' of the 'Gammaproteobacteria', being most closely related to the genera Thermomonas, Xanthomonas, Luteimonas, Pseudoxanthomonas, Stenotrophomonas and Xylella and having 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the most related species of the genera of between 92.9 and 94.4 %. The strain contained Q-8 as the major isoprenoid quinone and had a fatty acid profile with predominant iso-branched fatty acids. Growth occurred at pH 6.0-10, with an optimum at pH 9.0, and at 25-53 degrees C, with an optimum at 47 degrees C. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 50.7 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses and its phenotypic characteristics, strain 25-4T belongs to a new genus, Silanimonas gen. nov., within the 'Gammaproteobacteria'. The sole species of this genus is Silanimonas lenta sp. nov. (type strain, 25-4T=DSM 16282T=KCTC 12236T).
Endometriosis and nuclear receptors (2019)

Steroid- and other NR-related abnormalities exert genome-wide biologic effects via interaction with defective epigenetic programming and enhance inflammation in endometriotic stromal cells. New synthetic ligands, targeting PGR, retinoic acid receptors and ESR2, may offer novel treatment options.
The Role of Cognitive Evaluation in Predicting Successful Audiometric Testing among Children (2019)

The DAYC-2 is a useful screen to identify children likely to complete an age-appropriate audiogram.
Tackling the Score Shift in Cross-Lingual Speaker Verification by Exploiting Language Information (2022)

This paper contains a post-challenge performance analysis on cross-lingual speaker verification of the IDLab submission to the VoxCeleb Speaker Recognition Challenge 2021 (VoxSRC-21). We show that current speaker embedding extractors consistently underestimate speaker similarity in within-speaker cross-lingual trials. Consequently, the typical training and scoring protocols do not put enough emphasis on the compensation of intra-speaker language variability. We propose two techniques to increase cross-lingual speaker verification robustness. First, we enhance our previously proposed Large-Margin Fine-Tuning (LM-FT) training stage with a mini-batch sampling strategy which increases the amount of intra-speaker cross-lingual samples within the mini-batch. Second, we incorporate language information in the logistic regression calibration stage. We integrate quality metrics based on soft and hard decisions of a VoxLingua107 language identification model. The proposed techniques result in a 11.7% relative improvement over the baseline model on the VoxSRC-21 test set and contributed to our third place finish in the corresponding challenge.
Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase γ Is a Marker for Pyramidal Cells and Sensory Neurons in the Nervous System and Is Not Necessary for Normal Development (2006)

In order to gain insight into the biological role of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase gamma (RPTPgamma), we have generated RPTPgamma-null mice. RPTPgamma was disrupted by insertion of the beta-galactosidase gene under the control of the RPTPgamma promoter. As the RPTPgamma-null mice did not exhibit any obvious phenotype, we made use of these mice to study RPTPgamma expression and thus shed light on potential biological functions of this phosphatase. Inspection of mouse embryos shows that RPTPgamma is expressed in a variety of tissues during embryogenesis. RPTPgamma is expressed in both embryonic and adult brains. Specifically, we detected RPTPgamma expression in cortical layers II and V and in the stratum pyramidale of the hippocampus, indicating that RPTPgamma is a marker for pyramidal neurons. Mixed primary culture of glial cells showed a lack of expression of RPTPgamma in astrocytes and a low expression of RPTPgamma in oligodendrocytes and in microglia. Interestingly, RPTPgamma expression was detected in all sensory organs, including the ear, nose, tongue, eye, and vibrissa follicles, suggesting a potential role of RPTPgamma in sensory neurons. An initial behavioral analysis showed minor changes in the RPTPgamma-null mice.
Infrared spectroscopic studies of time-dependent changes in fibrinogen adsorbed to polyurethanes (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfrared spectroscopic studies of time-dependent changes in fibrinogen adsorbed to polyurethanesThomas J. Lenk, Thomas A. Horbett, Buddy D. Ratner, and Krishnan K. ChitturCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 8, 1755–1764Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00056a030https://doi.org/10.1021/la00056a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views480Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Formation Mechanism of Pores in Ni-P Coated Carbon Fiber Prepared by Electroless Plating Upon Annealing (2013)

In the present work, electroless plating was used for coating thin films consisting mainly of Ni and P on carbon fiber. Structural changes appeared upon the post-annealing at various temperatures of the Ni-P film on carbon fiber was studied using various analysis methods. Scanning, a flat surface structure of Ni-P film on carbon fiber was found after electroless plating of Ni-P film on carbon fiber without post-annealing, whereas annealing at resulted the formation of porous structures. With increasing the annealing temperature to with an interval of , the pore size increased, but the density decreased. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the existence of metallic Ni, and Ni-P compounds before post-annealing, whereas the post-annealing resulted in the appearance of NiO peaks, and the decrease in the intensity of the peak of metallic Ni. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), phosphorous oxides were detected on the surface upon annealing at , and , which can be attributed to the phosphorous compounds originally existing in the deeper layers of the Ni films, which undergo sublimation and escape from the film upon annealing. Escape of phosphorous species from the bulk of Ni-P film upon annealing could leave a porous structure in the Ni films. Porous materials can be of potential applications in diverse fields due to their interesting physical properties such as high surface area, and methods for fabricating porous Ni films introduced here could be easily applied to a large-scale production, and therefore applicable in diverse fields such as environmental filters.
Continuous monitoring of lactate in subcutaneous adipose tissue during exercise using open flow microperfusion (2002)

The aim of this study was to evaluate a system for measurement of lactate concentration in subcutaneous adipose tissue during exercise. The system is based on a monitoring device, an enzyme based lactate sensor and a conductivity measurement for the estimation of the recovery. The system was evaluated in five healthy volunteers. It could be shown that lactate concentration in the interstitial fluid can be measured on line and continuously during exercise without any in vivo calibration by combining open flow microperfusion of subcutaneous adipose tissue and multiparametric monitoring.
Harmonic Loss Calculation in Rotor Surface Permanent Magnets—New Analytic Approach (2012)

The paper introduces an analytic permanent-magnet eddy-current loss calculation method for rotor surface permanent magnets. The problem has been studied widely in the literature, yet many of the suggested methods are difficult to use. A straightforward analytic solution is needed to speed up the motor preliminary design as present day computational capabilities are not fast enough to be used for 3-D time-stepped finite element analysis (FEA) of permanent-magnet eddy-current losses in every day design problems. An analytic approach is suggested to calculate different-harmonics-caused eddy-current losses. The results are compared both with 3-D FEA and measurement results. A comparison between the theoretical and experimental results is reported for an axial-flux two-stator single-rotor machine with no rotor yoke. The method has, however, been used in evaluating permanent-magnet losses also in machines with narrow slot openings where the flux density dips do not penetrate through the whole magnet or in machines having a laminated rotor yoke.
Correcting for Inbreeding in Parent‐Offspring Regression Estimates of Heritability with Non‐Additive and Genotype × Environment Effects Present (1996)

Inbreeding, non‐additive genetic effects, and genotype × environment interactions (G×E) cause parent‐offspring (PO) regression estimates ( b ) of heritability obtained from one pair of PO generations differ from those obtained from another pair of generations. If no non‐additive genetic effects and no G×E are present, the influence of inbreeding is removed by the correction of Nyquist, h 2 = b = b /[1 + F t (1 − b )], where F t is the inbreeding coefficient in the generation line derivation ( t ). When b is near unity, the correction is small even with complete inbreeding. However, h 2 is only slightly more than 0.5 b when b is small and F t ≥ 0.5 (any generation greater than F 2 or S 0 in a selling series). This paper assesses the biases from use of Nyquist's correction with G×E, and with non‐additive genetic effects with and without G×E. When considering individual‐plant heritabilities, values of b ′ were compared with b 001 , defined as the parent‐offspring regression coefficient of S 1 on S 0 (or F 3 on F 2 ). In the absence of G×E, gene frequencies of 0.5 result in b ′ values within 0.1 absolute unit of b 001 , regardless of non‐additive effects or degree of inbreeding. Gene frequencies in the range of 0.1 to 0.9 combined with additive epistasis, but with no dominance, produce no severe biases, arbitrarily defined as | b ′ − b 001 | ≥ 0.1 and (| b ′ − b 001 |/ b 001 ) ≥ 0.2 occurring jointly. Dominance, with or without additive epistasis, occasionally produces severely biased values of b ′, which generally overestimate b 001 more strongly as inbreeding increases. Non‐additive effects combined with G×E produce b ′ values that sometimes severely underestimate b 001 , especially as inbreeding increases. Overall conclusions were the same for family‐mean heritabilities in which b ′ was compared to b 012 , defined as S 2 on S 1 family mean (or F 4 on F 3 ) regression. Despite some cases of severe bias, b ′ is generally superior to b per se as an estimator of b 001 or b 012 .
Testing to no avail? the diagnostic and treatment conundrum in patients with extraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease (2017)

Extraesophageal reflux (EER), which includes cough, asthma, and laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), is an important and prevalent disease state with a large economic burden of up to fifty billion dollars, largely due to the pharmaceutical costs of empiric treatment (1).
The spall and anomalous inelastic response of Galfenol to shock loading (2022)

Plate impact experiments were performed to probe the dynamic response of Galfenol, specifically the Hugoniot elastic limit (HEL), spall strength, and failure characteristics. Galfenol exhibits low HEL and high spall strength as compared to α-Fe, possibly owing to the large grain size and strong texture. A cusp is observed on the velocity–time profiles that exhibits pronounced stress and strain rate dependence. The nature of this cusp is not well understood, but it may possibly be related to the ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic second order phase transformation induced by shock waves. Shock-recovered specimens exhibit brittle intergranular fracture under compressive loading with cracks initiating and growing along the shock direction. It is expected, though not confirmed, that these cracks grow along grain boundaries owing to embrittlement by Ga segregation at the boundaries.
Thermostability Enhancement of <i>Clostridium thermocellum</i> Cellulosomal Endoglucanase Cel8A by a Single Glycine Substitution (2010)

Abstract The thermostability of endoglucanase (E.C. 3.2.1.4) Cel8A, a major component of the cellulosome complex from Clostridium thermocellum, was significantly enhanced using a directed evolution strategy. To ensure that thermostability would not compromise enzyme activity, a two‐step screening strategy was employed that involved consecutive activity and thermostability assays. We have combined three of the mutations from the thermostability screen to obtain a Cel8A variant with a significant increase in thermal resistance without substantial alteration of kinetic parameters. One of the three mutations (S329G) provided the highest contribution to enzyme stability. This single mutation served to increase the T m by 7.0 °C and the half‐life of activity by eight fold at 85 °C. Site‐saturation mutagenesis at position 329 revealed that only the glycine residue could confer thermostability. The structural changes responsible for the properties of the mutant enzymes are discussed.
Optics-free imaging of complex, non-sparse and color QR-codes with deep neural networks (2020)

We demonstrate optics-free imaging of complex color and monochrome QR-codes using a bare image sensor and trained artificial neural networks (ANNs). The ANN is trained to interpret the raw sensor data for human visualization. The image sensor is placed at a specified gap (1mm, 5mm and 10mm) from the QR code. We studied the robustness of our approach by experimentally testing the output of the ANNs with system perturbations of this gap, and the translational and rotational alignments of the QR code to the image sensor. Our demonstration opens us the possibility of using completely optics-free, non-anthropocentric cameras for application-specific imaging of complex, non-sparse objects.
Effect of Hydrogen on Formation of Nanoporous TiO[sub 2] by Anodization with Hydrogen-Fluoride Pretreatment (2006)

This study explores the effects of nano-( and ) phases on the formation of nanoporous titanium oxide by anodization with pretreatment. The film characteristics were investigated by X-ray photoemission spectra, thin-film X-ray diffraction, transmission and electron scanning microscopy. Titanium hydride was a sacrificial barrier on titanium following pretreatment. The sacrificial barrier has nano-( and ) phases. The titanium hydrides, and with a tetragonal and an orthorhombic structure, respectively, were formed within titanium matrices during cathodization. The nanophases are directly dissolved after anodization. Nanoporosity and oxidation followed from phase transformations and dissolution reactions of the nanophases. The nano-( and ) phases have important roles in forming nanoporous . Anodization with pretreatment not only induces a titanium hydride layer, but also forms nanostructural titanium oxide. Particle-like γ-hydride and granular δ-hydride were observed on the Ti matrix and grain boundaries. The γ-hydride has a tetragonal structure with lattice constant , and the δ-hydride has an orthorhombic structure with lattice constant . The (-hydride) microstructure was present on titanium grain boundaries. In the matrix, an α→γ→δ transition occurred during cathodization. This result has never been previously reported. The surface that contains nanophases (-hydride) is readily dissolved in alkaline solution, so anodization for a short time at room temperature yields nanoporous . This fact is exploited to avoid having to prepare porous by immersing Ti in an alkaline solution for a long time. As mentioned above, bioactive titanium with oxidation and nanostructures is believed to be capable of being prepared by anodization with pretreatment for a short time.
Radiofrequency Systems and Coils for MRI and MRS (2007)

The sections in this article are


1
Introduction

2
Rf System

3
Rf Coils

4
Biographical Sketch


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Deep Neural Networks for Automatic Android Malware Detection (2017)

Because of the explosive growth of Android malware and due to the severity of its damages, the detection of Android malware has become an increasing important topic in cybersecurity. Currently, the major defense against Android malware is commercial mobile security products which mainly use signature-based method for detection. However, attackers can easily devise methods, such as obfuscation and repackaging, to evade the detection, which calls for new defensive techniques that are harder to evade. In this paper, resting on the analysis of Application Programming Interface (API) calls extracted from the smali files, we further categorize the API calls which belong to the some method in the smali code into a block. Based on the generated API call blocks, we then explore deep neural networks (i.e., Deep Belief Network (DBN) and Stacked AutoEncoders (SAEs)) for newly unknown Android malware detection. Using a real sample collection from Comodo Cloud Security Center, a comprehensive experimental study is performed to compare various malware detection approaches. The experimental results demonstrate that (1) our proposed feature extraction method (i.e., using API call blocks) outperforms using API calls directly in Android malware detection; (2) DBN works better than SAEs in this application; and (3) the detection performance of deep neural networks is better than shallow learning architectures.
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Artificial lighting sources are one of the most important technological developments for our modern lives; the search for cost-effective and efficient luminophores is therefore crucial to a sustainable future. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are carbon-based nanomaterials that exhibit exceptional optical and electronic properties, making them a prime candidate for a luminophore in a light-emitting device. Nitrogen-doped GQDs fabricated from a facile top-down electrochemical exfoliation process with a nitrogen-containing electrolyte in this report showed strong photoluminescent emission at 450 nm, and electrogenerated chemiluminescence at 660 nm in the presence of benzoyl peroxide as a coreactant. When introduced into solid-state light-emitting electrochemical cells, for the first time, the GQDs displayed a broad white emission centered at 610 nm, corresponding to Commision Internationale de l'eclairage (CIE) colour coordinates of (0.38, 0.36).