gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interactive paper devices (2010)

We describe a family of interactive devices made from paper and simple electronics: Paper Robots, Paper Speakers and Paper Lamps. We developed construction techniques for these paper devices and the Paper Factory software with which novice users can create and build their own designs. The process and materials support DIY design and could be used with low-cost production and shipment from an external service.
550: NEW POINT-OF-CARE COAGULATION ASSAY FOR THE RAPID DETECTION OF DIRECT ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS (2017)

Frydman, Galit; Ellet, Felix; Jorgensen, Julianne; Dalzell, Haley; Padmanabhan, Divya; Bendapudi, Pavan; Toner, Mehmet; Majmudar, Maulik; Vanderburg, Charles; Fox, James; Tompkins, Ronald Author Information
Biomarkers associated with clinical outcome in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with TG4010 (2009)

3027 Background: TG4010 is a targeted immunotherapy product. It was tested in combination with first-line chemotherapy in a randomized, controlled, multicenter phase II study in patients with advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (ASCO 2008- Abstract No 8023) Methods: In addition to clinical endpoints, immune parameters were tested. Blood samples were drawn prior to therapy (day1) as well as at day 43 (after 6 injections of TG4010). Lymphocyte populations were assessed by 5-color flow cytometry. Plasma samples were tested for biochemical markers using multi-analyte profile technology. Results: Out of the 148 patients enrolled in the study, 138 were evaluable for immunological analyses. Baseline characteristics were similar in both arms. Day 1 blood samples show: i) a correlation between lower levels of inflammation-associated plasma proteins and a longer median survival in Arm 1 (TG4010 + chemotherapy) (p&lt; 0.001); ii) an improved clinical outcome with TG4010 in patients having normal levels of lymphocytes with an activated NK phenotype. Day 43 blood samples show: i) an association between higher levels of activated T lymphocytes and longer patient survival in Arm 1 (p &lt; 0.05). No such association was observed in patients in Arm 2 (chemotherapy alone); ii) a longer survival for patients with higher levels of Interferon γ in Arm 1 than in Arm 2 (p=0.0001). Patients in both Arm 1 and Arm 2 showed specific binding of MUC1 tetramers to circulating CD8+ lymphocytes. No significant association between either treatment arm or clinical outcome and MUC1 tetramer binding was detected. Conclusions: These results identify the level of activated NK cells at baseline as a predictive biomarker for selection of patients to be treated with TG4010. Biomarker data including Interferon γ support a Th1 dependent pathway of activity for TG4010. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Pain and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults Living in the Community (2015)

Our findings point to the need for further research to understand how chronic pain may contribute to decline in cognitive function and to determine strategies that may help in preventing or managing these potential consequences of pain on cognitive function in older adults.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed C—C Coupling via Transfer Hydrogenation: Carbonyl Addition from the Alcohol or Aldehyde Oxidation Level Employing 1,3‐Cyclohexadiene. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Between the Frames - Evaluation of Various Motion Interpolation Algorithms to Improve 360° Video Quality (2020)

With the increasing availability of 360° video content, it becomes important to provide smoothly playing videos of high quality for end users. For this reason, we compare the influence of different Motion Interpolation (MI) algorithms on 360° video quality. After conducting a pre-test with 12 video experts in [3], we found that MI is a useful tool to increase the QoE (Quality of Experience) of omnidirectional videos. As a result of the pretest, we selected three suitable MI algorithms, namely ffmpeg Motion Compensated Interpolation (MCI), Butterflow and Super-SloMo. Subsequently, we interpolated 15 entertaining and realworld omnidirectional videos with a duration of 20 seconds from 30 fps (original framerate) to 90 fps, which is the native refresh rate of the HMD used, the HTC Vive Pro. To assess QoE, we conducted two subjective tests with 24 and 27 participants. In the first test we used a Modified Paired Comparison (M-PC) method, and in the second test the Absolute Category Rating (ACR) approach. In the M-PC test, 45 stimuli were used and in the ACR test 60. Results show that for most of the 360° videos, the interpolated versions obtained significantly higher quality scores than the lower-framerate source videos, validating our hypothesis that motion interpolation can improve the overall video quality for 360° video. As expected, it was observed that the relative comparisons in the M-PC test result in larger differences in terms of quality. Generally, the ACR method lead to similar results, while reflecting a more realistic viewing situation. In addition, we compared the different MI algorithms and can conclude that with sufficient available computing power Super-SloMo should be preferred for interpolation of omnidirectional videos, while MCI also shows a good performance.
Multimodal spectroscopy detects features of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque (2011)

Early detection and treatment of rupture-prone vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques is critical to reducing patient mortality associated with cardiovascular disease. The combination of reflectance,fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopy—termed multimodal spectroscopy (MMS)—provides detailed biochemical information about tissue and can detect vulnerable plaque features: thin fibrous cap (TFC), necrotic core (NC), superficial foam cells (SFC), and thrombus. Ex vivo MMS spectra are collected from 12 patients that underwent carotid endarterectomy or femoral bypass surgery. Data are collected by means of a unitary MMS optical fiber probe and a portable clinical instrument. Blinded histopathological analysis is used to assess the vulnerability of each spectrally evaluated artery lesion. Modeling of the ex vivo MMS spectra produce objective parameters that correlate with the presence of vulnerable plaque features: TFC with fluorescence parameters indicative of collagen presence; NC/SFC with a combination of diffuse reflectance β-carotene/ceroid absorption and the Raman spectral signature of lipids; and thrombus with its Raman signature. Using these parameters, suspected vulnerable plaques can be detected with a sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 72%. These encouraging results warrant the continued development of MMS as a catheter-based clinical diagnostic technique for early detection of vulnerable plaques. C 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). (DOI: 10.1117/1.3525287)
Design of elliptical electromagnetic bandgap structures for directive antennas (2005)

This paper presents the design of directive antennas for wireless communication systems by incorporating elliptical electromagnetic bandgap (EEBG) materials composed of metallic wires. These structures have an elliptical shape and are radially periodic, and they are excited at their center using a monopole antenna. Defects were introduced and designed in the EEBG structure to open electromagnetic localized modes inside its frequency bandgap, and then to create a directive beam. An antenna prototype, operating at digital communication services (DCS), personal communication services (PCS), and universal mobile telecommunications systems (UMTS) bands, was designed, fabricated, and tested. A good agreement is obtained between simulated and experimental results for both return loss and radiation patterns.
Structural and functional characteristics of the Val44Met insulin-like growth factor I missense mutation: correlation with effects on growth and development (2005)

We have previously described the phenotype resulting from a missense mutation in the IGF-I gene, which leads to expression of IGF-I with a methionine instead of a valine at position 44 (Val44Met IGF-I). This mutation caused severe growth and mental retardation as well as deafness evident at birth and growth retardation in childhood, but is relatively well tolerated in adulthood. We have conducted a biochemical and structural analysis of Val44Met IGF-I to provide a molecular basis for the phenotype observed. Val44Met IGF-I exhibits a 90-fold decrease in type 1 IGF receptor (IGF-1R) binding compared with wild-type human IGF-I and only poorly stimulates autophosphorylation of the IGF-1R. The ability of Val44Met IGF-I to signal via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Akt/protein kinase B pathways and to stimulate DNA synthesis is correspondingly poorer. Binding or activation of both insulin receptor isoforms is not detectable even at micromolar concentrations. However, Val44Met IGF-I binds IGF-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2), IGFBP-3, and IGFBP-6 with equal affinity to IGF-I, suggesting the maintenance of overall structure, particularly in the IGFBP binding domain. Structural analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance confirms retention of near-native structure with only local side-chain disruptions despite the significant loss of function. To our knowledge, our results provide the first structural study of a naturally occurring mutant human IGF-I associated with growth and developmental abnormalities and identifies Val44 as an essential residue involved in the IGF-IGF-1R interaction.
Structure-Function Analysis of Decay-Accelerating Factor: Identification of Residues Important for Binding of the <i>Escherichia coli</i> Dr Adhesin and Complement Regulation (2002)

Decay-accelerating factor (DAF), a complement regulatory protein, also serves as a receptor for Dr adhesin-bearing Escherichia coli. The repeat three of DAF was shown to be important in Dr adhesin binding and complement regulation. However, Dr adhesins do not bind to red blood cells with the rare polymorphism of DAF, designated Dr(a(-)); these cells contain a point mutation (Ser165-Leu) in DAF repeat three. In addition, monoclonal antibody IH4 specific against repeat three was shown to block both Dr adhesin binding and complement regulatory functions of DAF. Therefore, to identify residues important in binding of Dr adhesin and IH4 and in regulating complement, we mutated 11 amino acids-predominantly those in close proximity to Ser165 to alanine-and expressed these mutations in Chinese hamster ovary cells. To map the mutations, we built a homology model of repeat three based on the poxvirus complement inhibitory protein, using the EXDIS, DIAMOD, and FANTOM programs. We show that perhaps Ser155, and not Ser165, is the key amino acid that interacts with the Dr adhesin and amino acids Gly159, Tyr160, and Leu162 and also aids in binding Dr adhesin. The IH4 binding epitope contains residues Phe148, Ser155, and L171. Residues Phe123 and Phe148 at the interface of repeat 2-3, and also Phe154 in the repeat three cavity, were important for complement regulation. Our results show that residues affecting the tested functions are located on the same loop (148 to 171), at the same surface of repeat three, and that the Dr adhesin-binding and complement regulatory epitopes of DAF appear to be distinct and are approximately 20 A apart.
Coronary Artery Aneurysm Caused by a Stent Fracture (2018)

Coronary stent fracture (SF) is rare as a complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and its adverse events are increasingly being recognized with the development in devices of PCI. The major adverse events caused by SFs are in-stent restenosis due to neointimal overgrowth caused by poor drug delivery.<sup>1,2)</sup> A coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) is a rare complication of SF, but may lead to lethal events such as acute coronary syndrome or rupture of the CAA further leading to cardiac tamponade.<sup>3-5)</sup> However, the management of CAAs is controversial with or without SF.<sup>6)</sup> Herein, we report a case of a CAA caused by an SF and discuss the management of CAA complicated with SF, along with a literature review. We suggest that surgical treatment should be considered the higher-priority strategy in the cases of CAA with SF as compared to CAA without SF.
Time-dependent prediction and evaluation of variable importance using superlearning in high-dimensional clinical data (2013)

The SL technique for prediction of outcome from a complex dynamic multivariate data set is superior at each time interval to standard models. In addition, the SL VIM at each time point provides insight into the time-specific drivers of future outcome, patient trajectory, and targets for clinical intervention. Thus, this automated approach mimics clinical practice, changing form and content through time to optimize the accuracy of the prognosis based on the evolving trajectory of the patient.
Two-photon induced responsive f–f emissive detection of Cyclin A with a europium-chelating peptide (2011)

Responsive linear and two-photon induced europium emissive probes have been synthesised with a tailor made peptide for the detection of Cyclin A, the hypersensitive Eu emission (Eu-2) gave the real time signalling and also enhanced the two-photon absorption cross section from 12 GM to 68 GM after Cyclin A binding.
A Low Latency Hardware Multicast Routing Algorithm for Two-Dimensional Meshes (1996)

Multicast communication is a significant operation in multicomputer systems and can be used to support several other collective communication operations. Hardware implementation is a viable solution to develop a low latency multicast algorithm. In this paper, we present a new multicast routing algorithm for two-dimensional meshes. The algorithm uses wormhole routing mechanism and can send messages to any number of destinations within two start-up communication phases; hence the name, two-phase multicast (TPM) algorithm. The algorithm uses the base routing scheme used for unicast communication, thus minimizing the additional hardware support. The algorithm allows some intermediate nodes that are not in the destination set to perform the multicast functions. This feature allows flexibility in multicast path selection and therefore improves the performance. A simulation study has been conducted to investigate the performance of the purposed TPM algorithm. The simulation results show that ...
Large Scale Parallelization Using File-Based Communications (2019)

In this paper, we present a novel and new file-based communication architecture using the local filesystem for large scale parallelization. This new approach eliminates the issues with filesystem overload and resource contention when using the central filesystem for large parallel jobs. The new approach incurs additional overhead due to inter-node message file transfers when both the sending and receiving processes are not on the same node. However, even with this additional overhead cost, its benefits are far greater for the overall cluster operation in addition to the performance enhancement in message communications for large scale parallel jobs. For example, when running a 2048-process parallel job, it achieved about 34 times better performance with MPI_Bcast() when using the local filesystem. Furthermore, since the security for transferring message files is handled entirely by using the secure copy protocol (scp) and the file system permissions, no additional security measures or ports are required other than those that are typically required on an HPC system.
Heterotopic brain presenting as a lip lesion. (1988)

Heterotopic brain tissue in the upper lip of a newborn child is presented and discussed. This rare developmental anomaly is usually present at birth and may simulate hemangioma. Before any surgical procedure can be performed, thorough radiographic and neurosurgical examination is essential to rule out eventual communication of the tumor with intracranial space.
Data on a new beta titanium alloy system reinforced with superlattice intermetallic precipitates (2018)

The data presented in this article are related to the research article entitled "a new beta titanium alloy system reinforced with superlattice intermetallic precipitates" (Knowles et al., 2018) [1]. This includes data from the as-cast alloy obtained using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) as well as SEM data in the solution heat treated condition. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) selected area diffraction patterns (SADPs) are included from the alloy in the solution heat treated condition, as well as the aged condition that contained &lt; 100 nm B2 TiFe precipitates [1], the latter of which was found to exhibit double diffraction owing to the precipitate and matrix channels being of a similar width to the foil thickness (Williams and Carter, 2009) [2]. Further details are provided on the macroscopic compression testing of small scale cylinders. Of the micropillar deformation experiment performed in [1], SEM micrographs of focused ion beam (FIB) prepared 2 µm micropillars are presented alongside those obtained at the end of the in-situ SEM deformation as well as videos of the in-situ deformation. Further, a table is included that lists the Schmidt factors of all the possible slip systems given the crystal orientations and loading axis of the deformed micropillars in the solution heat treated and aged conditions.
Electrical transport through constrictions in the charge-density wave conductor NbSe<sub>3</sub> (2005)

We have investigated the electrical transport properties of insulating and metallic constrictions of dimensions 100nm-10_m in the charge-density wave (CDW) conductor NbSe3. The constrictions are made in a variety of ways: focused ion beam, reactive ion etching through a resist mask, and in a mechanicallycontrolled break junction configuration. We find that the behaviour of the junctions is independent of the fabrication method, and, depending on the size of the constriction, that the low-temperature behaviour of the constrictions is metallic or insulating. At 4.2K we observe peaks in the differential conductance near 100mV and 200mV, which vanish as the temperature is increased above the Peierls temperatures 59K and 145K respectively. The data is consistent with the interpretation that there are two different regimes, depending on the size of the constriction, demonstrating either tunnelling behaviour, due to CDW-insulator-CDW junctions, or metallic behaviour, due to two normal metal-CDW junctions in series.
Enzyme Activities at Different Stages of Plant Biomass Decomposition in Three Species of Fungus-Growing Termites (2017)

Fungus-growing termites rely on mutualistic fungi of the genus <i>Termitomyces</i> and gut microbes for plant biomass degradation. Due to a certain degree of symbiont complementarity, this tripartite symbiosis has evolved as a complex bioreactor, enabling decomposition of nearly any plant polymer, likely contributing to the success of the termites as one of the main plant decomposers in the Old World. In this study, we evaluated which plant polymers are decomposed and which enzymes are active during the decomposition process in two major genera of fungus-growing termites. We found a diversity of active enzymes at different stages of decomposition and a consistent decrease in plant components during the decomposition process. Furthermore, our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that termites transport enzymes from the older mature parts of the fungus comb through young worker guts to freshly inoculated plant substrate. However, preliminary fungal RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses suggest that this likely transport is supplemented with enzymes produced <i>in situ</i> Our findings support that the maintenance of an external fungus comb, inoculated with an optimal mixture of plant material, fungal spores, and enzymes, is likely the key to the extraordinarily efficient plant decomposition in fungus-growing termites.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Fungus-growing termites have a substantial ecological footprint in the Old World (sub)tropics due to their ability to decompose dead plant material. Through the establishment of an elaborate plant biomass inoculation strategy and through fungal and bacterial enzyme contributions, this farming symbiosis has become an efficient and versatile aerobic bioreactor for plant substrate conversion. Since little is known about what enzymes are expressed and where they are active at different stages of the decomposition process, we used enzyme assays, transcriptomics, and plant content measurements to shed light on how this decomposition of plant substrate is so effectively accomplished.
Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction between maleic anhydride and fatty acid esters and the structure of the products (2008)

Abstract Alkenyl succinic anhydrides (ASA) were obtained by reaction between maleic anhydride and high‐oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) esters. A kinetics study of the maleinization of alkyl esters indicated that the maleinization reaction was second order overall and first order with respect to the individual reactants, and the activation energy was 77.2 ± 3.3 kJ/mol in the investigated temperature range (185–225 °C). These results showed that the cis configuration and the central position of the double bond in HOSO esters facilitate the maleinization of the latter. On the contrary, the length of the linear ester moiety had no influence on the course of the maleinization reaction. Moreover, new evidence demonstrates that there are two different reaction mechanisms: ene‐reaction and addition in allylic position with a 2 : 1 ratio, respectively. This ratio was constant throughout the reaction, thus indicating that these mechanisms are independent.
Effect of the three-site hopping term on the<i>t</i>-<i>J</i>model (1995)

We have used exact diagonalization and quantum Monte Carlo methods to study the one-dimensional t-J model including the three-site hopping term derived from the strong-coupling limit of the Hubbard model. The three-site term may be important to superconducting correlations since it allows direct hopping of local singlet electron pairs. The phase diagram is determined for several values of the strength of the three-site term and compared with that of the t-J and Hubbard models. Phase separation, which exists in the t-J model, is suppressed. In the low electron density region the formation of local singlet electron pairs is enhanced, leading to stronger superconducting correlations even for values J/t2. A large spin gap region extends from low electron densities up to high densities. In the low hole density region the superconducting correlations are suppressed at J/t&gt;2.8 in spite of enhanced pair formation. This is because the three-site term, while enhancing the formation of electron pairs, leads to a repulsion between holes.
Neuroprotection in neurodegenerations of the brain and eye: Lessons from the past and directions for the future (2022)

The common features of neurological and ophthalmological neurodegenerations are useful for outlining a path forward that should increase the likelihood of translational success in neuroprotective therapies.