gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and evaluation of room temperature operated radiation detectors processed from undoped LEC bulk gallium arsenide material (1994)

Semi-insulating undoped bulk LEC GaAs was investigated as a possible detector material for room temperature operated charged particle and gamma ray spectrometers. GaAs Schottky based diode detectors were fabricated with thicknesses of 45 microns, 100 microns, 250 microns, and 750 microns. Pulse height analysis utilizing an alpha particle source disclosed non-constant electric field distributions that decreased rapidly from the Schottky contact into the bulk of the detectors. Results from pulsed X-ray analysis and the alpha particle pulse height analysis indicate an active region width voltage dependence that strongly deviates from {radical}{bar V} behavior. Resolution at room temperature for {sup 241}Am alpha particles ranged from 2.2% to 3.1% FWHM for different detectors with a typical resolution of 2.5% FWHM. Room temperature measurements of 60 keV gamma rays ({sup 24l}Am) and 122 keV gamma rays ({sup 57}Co) resulted in observed full energy peaks with FWHM`s of 22 keV and 40 keV, respectively.
Auction Based Resource Allocation and Pricing for Heterogeneous User Demands in eMBMS (2019)

Multicast transmission has been gaining importance as an efficient means of delivering bandwidth hungry video content and is expected to become an integral part of cellular networks worldwide. This has resulted in the need for generalized allocation algorithms that are capable of handling multiple multicast and unicast services with different Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. In this paper, we propose such a Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) auction based resource allocation and pricing algorithm. The proposed algorithm takes allocation decisions based on the QoS requirements of the end users for maximizing the system social utility. Even though the users in a multicast group are served on the same PRB, requirements of each individual user are taken into consideration while making the allocation decisions. The proposed algorithm ensures that the users report their true valuations of the system resources. VCG auctions provide a general framework for designing truthful optimal mechanisms. However, in many cases, VCG auction turns out to be NP-hard. In this paper, we propose an efficient, polynomial time implementation of the proposed VCG mechanism. Using simulations, we show that the algorithm successfully meets the unique demands of all unicast and multicast services.
Double-blind randomized controlled trial of rolls fortified with microencapsulated iron (2012)

Rolls fortified with microencapsulated iron sulfate were well tolerated, increased hemoglobin levels and reduced the occurrence of anemia, but with no difference compared to the control group.
A parallel iterative approach for efficient full chip thermal analysis (2018)

Efficient full-chip thermal simulation is among the most challenging problems facing the EDA industry today, especially for modern 3D integrated circuits, due to the huge linear systems resulting from thermal modeling approaches that require unreasonably long computational times. Direct linear solvers are not capable of handling such huge problems and iterative methods are the only feasible approach. In this paper, we propose a computationally efficient iterative method with a parallel preconditioned technique that exploits the resources of massively parallel architectures such as Graphic Processor Units (GPUs). Experimental results, demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a speedup of 2.2X in CPU execution and a 26.93X speedup in GPU execution over the state of the art iterative method.
Kinetic modelling of liposome degradation in peritoneal macrophages (1995)

The objective of this study was to quantify and model the degradation process of liposomes in peritoneal macrophages (PMs). Iodinated albumin (125I-alb) was chosen to be the marker of liposome degradation. The time course of the degradation of free 125I-alb after pinocytosis by PMs followed first-order kinetics with a half-life of 23 min. The degradation of liposomally encapsulated 125I-alb was also quantified. Kinetic modelling of liposome degradation indicated the existence of two kinetically different processes, one with a half-life of 13 min and the other with a half-life of 7.5 h. Comparing the degradation of liposomal and free 125I-alb suggested that 125I-alb was delivered to lysosomes much faster through phagocytosis than pinocytosis. These results indicate that the intracellular degradation kinetics of pinosomes and phagosomes is different. This method can quantify the rate and extent of liposomal degradation in macrophages and provide kinetic information on the intracellular destiny of liposomally encapsulated compounds.
Periodic properties of the histaminergic system of the mouse brain (2013)

Abstract Brain histamine is involved in the regulation of the sleep–wake cycle and alertness. Despite the widespread use of the mouse as an experimental model, the periodic properties of major markers of the mouse histaminergic system have not been comprehensively characterized. We analysed the daily levels of histamine and its first metabolite, 1‐methylhistamine, in different brain structures of C 57 BL /6 J and CBA / J mouse strains, and the m RNA level and activity of histidine decarboxylase and histamine‐ N ‐methyltransferase in C 57 BL /6 J mice. In the C 57 BL /6 J strain, histamine release, assessed by in vivo microdialysis, underwent prominent periodic changes. The main period was 24 h peaking during the activity period. Additional 8 h periods were also observed. The release was highly positively correlated with active wakefulness, as shown by electroencephalography. In both mouse strains, tissue histamine levels remained steady for 24 h in all structures except for the hypothalamus of CBA / J mice, where 24‐h periodicity was observed. Brain tissue 1‐methylhistamine levels in both strains reached their maxima in the periods of activity. The m RNA level of histidine decarboxylase in the tuberomamillary nucleus and the activities of histidine decarboxylase and histamine‐ N ‐methyltransferase in the striatum and cortex did not show a 24‐h rhythm, whereas in the hypothalamus the activities of both enzymes had a 12‐h periodicity. These results show that the activities of histamine‐metabolizing enzymes are not under simple direct circadian regulation. The complex and non‐uniform temporal patterns of the histaminergic system of the mouse brain suggest that histamine is strongly involved in the maintenance of active wakefulness.
Identifying Inhibitors of −1 Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting in a Broad Spectrum of Coronaviruses (2022)

Recurrent outbreaks of novel zoonotic coronavirus (CoV) diseases in recent years have highlighted the importance of developing therapeutics with broad-spectrum activity against CoVs. Because all CoVs use -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting (-1 PRF) to control expression of key viral proteins, the frameshift signal in viral mRNA that stimulates -1 PRF provides a promising potential target for such therapeutics. To test the viability of this strategy, we explored whether small-molecule inhibitors of -1 PRF in SARS-CoV-2 also inhibited -1 PRF in a range of bat CoVs-the most likely source of future zoonoses. Six inhibitors identified in new and previous screens against SARS-CoV-2 were evaluated against the frameshift signals from a panel of representative bat CoVs as well as MERS-CoV. Some drugs had strong activity against subsets of these CoV-derived frameshift signals, while having limited to no effect on -1 PRF caused by frameshift signals from other viruses used as negative controls. Notably, the serine protease inhibitor nafamostat suppressed -1 PRF significantly for multiple CoV-derived frameshift signals. These results suggest it is possible to find small-molecule ligands that inhibit -1 PRF specifically in a broad spectrum of CoVs, establishing frameshift signals as a viable target for developing pan-coronaviral therapeutics.
1212 Study On Ride Quality and Stability of Wheelchairs (2001)

The disabled persons whose lower limbs are inconvenient often use wheelchairs when they go out. However, the use of wheelchairs now diffusing is for the inside or the vicinity. In this paper, to make them be possible to go out for a long distance, we study on the ride quality and the stability of the wheelchairs. The ride quality is discussed by clarifying the frequency response of the wheelchairs and the vibration that is transmitted to a human body from the wheelchairs. The stability is discussed by clarifying the action of a wheelchair rolled by the 6-axes actuator and the evaluation of the passenger's fear. And using the respects we get from those clarifications, we will propose how wheelchairs must be to have a nice ride quality and a good stability
On the Latency of IEEE 802.11ax WLANs with Parameterized Spatial Reuse (2020)

In this article, we evaluate the performance of the parameterized spatial reuse (PSR) framework of IEEE 802.11ax, mainly focusing on its impact on transmission latency. Based on detailed standard-compliant system-level simulations, we provide a realistic analysis of the effects of PSR considering different scenario densities, traffic loads, and access points (APs) antenna capabilities to quantify its performance gains under various scenarios. Our results show that, in medium-density scenarios, PSR can offer up to a 3.8× reduction in the 5% worst-case latencies for delay-sensitive stations with respect to an 802.11ax system without PSR. Moreover, our study demonstrates that, for low-latency communications, providing the network with PSR capabilities may be an appealing alternative to the deployment of more costly multi-antenna APs.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta: characterization of fractures during pregnancy and post-partum (2022)

OI management during pregnancy and post-partum should aim for optimal control of modifiable osteoporosis risk factors, particularly in patients with low BMD. Breastfeeding should be avoided.
Haptic feedback is more important than VR experience for the user experience assessment of in-car human machine interfaces (2021)

The user experience (UX) of a product is important for a customer’s decision, especially in the automotive sector. In recent years, a frontloading of UX assessments from physical prototypes to virtual prototypes has occurred. Nevertheless, there are clear indications that established UX assessments methods cannot simply be transferred 1-to-1 from real to virtual evaluation setups as results get biased. For the UX assessment of an in-car human machine interface (HMI) the haptic properties of the knobs and buttons are just as important as their visual features. Therefore, it is mandatory to also simulate the haptic behavior of the in-car HMI in virtual reality (VR) assessment scenarios. However, accurately simulating this haptic behavior adds considerable costs and effort, diminishing the beneficial effects of VR UX assessments. Due to confidentiality reasons the volunteering participants of VR UX studies in the automotive sectors are typically employees with a varying degrees of VR experience. It is unknown if this gap in VR experience biases the results of UX assessments in VR. This paper presents a UX assessment study of an in-car HMI in VR in comparison to reality. From a practitioners viewpoint two research question are investigated: (1) How much is the UX assessment impaired by missing haptic simulation? (2) Does VR experience influence UX assessment ratings in VR? The results show that missing haptic feedback severely diminishes UX ratings, leaving no doubt that meaningful UX assessments in VR can only be performed when haptic is included. This means that more effort has to be put into earlier VR assessments severely reducing its benefits compared to UX assessments with physical prototypes. However, the VR experience of the participants only has a slight effect on the UX assessment results.
Pentacyclic systems of indole alkaloids. Formation of the C11-C12 bond. Two syntheses of (.+-.)-aspidospermidine (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPentacyclic systems of indole alkaloids. Formation of the C11-C12 bond. Two syntheses of (.+-.)-aspidospermidineTimothy Gallagher, Philip Magnus, and John C. HuffmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 14, 4750–4757Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00352a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00352a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views758Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of crosshair light sharing PET detector with TOF and DOI capabilities using fast LGSO scintillator (2021)

<i>Objective.</i>Time-of-flight (TOF) and depth-of-interaction (DOI) are well recognized as important information to improve PET image quality. Since such information types are not correlated, many TOF-DOI detectors have been developed but there are only a few reports of high-resolution detectors (e.g. 1.5 mm resolution) for brain PET systems. Based on the DOI detector, which enables single-ended readout by optically coupling a pair of crystals and having a loop structure, we have developed the crosshair light sharing (CLS) PET detector that optically couples the four-loop structure, consisting of quadrisected crystals comparable in size to a photo-sensor, to four photo-sensors in close proximity arranged in a windmill shape. Even as a high-resolution detector, the CLS PET detector could obtain both TOF and DOI information. The coincidence resolving time (CRT) of the CLS PET detector needs to be further improved, however, for application to the brain PET system. Recently, a fast LGSO crystal was developed which has advantages in detection efficiency and CRT compared to the GFAG crystal. In this work, we developed the CLS PET detector using the fast LGSO crystal for the TOF-DOI brain PET system.<i>Approach.</i>The crystals were each 1.45 × 1.45 × 15 mm<sup>3</sup>and all surfaces were chemically etched. The CLS PET detector consisted of a 14 × 14 crystal array optically coupled to an 8 × 8 MPPC array.<i>Main results.</i>The fast LGSO array provided 10.1% energy resolution at 511 keV, 4.7 mm DOI resolution at 662 keV, and 293 ps CRT with the energy window of 440-620 keV.<i>Significance.</i>The developed CLS PET detector has 290% higher coincidence sensitivity, 30% better energy resolution, and 32% better time resolution compared to our previous CLS PET detector.
Presenec of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the fecal flora of patients from general practice (2008)

peer reviewed
On the mechanics of natural compliance in frictional contacts and its effect on grasp stiffness and stability (2013)

This paper considers the effect of natural material compliance on the stiffness and stability of frictional multi-contact grasps and fixtures. The contact preload profile is a key parameter in the nonlinear compliance laws governing such contacts. The paper introduces the Hertz–Walton contact compliance model which is valid for linear contact loading profiles. The model is specified in a lumped parameter form suitable for on-line grasping applications, and is entirely determined by the contact friction and by the material and geometric properties of the contacting bodies. The model predicts an asymmetric stiffening of the tangential reaction force as the normal load at the contact increases. As a result, the composite stiffness matrix of multi-contact grasps governed by natural compliance effects is asymmetric, indicating that these contact arrangements are not governed by any potential energy function. Based on the compliant grasp dynamics, the paper derives rules indicating which contact point locations and what preload profiles guarantee grasp and fixture stability. The paper also describes preliminary experiments supporting the contact model predictions.
Active Quasi-BIC Enabled Optical Vortex Generation (2023)

Electromagnetic beams that carry orbital angular momentum (OAM) have enormous potential in various applications. By exploiting the winding topology of quasi-BIC modes around the polarization singularity in <tex>$k$</tex>-space, a novel optical vortex (OV) generation method has been recently proposed. Compared with the conventional approaches, this method can lead to robust OV generators which are feasible and easy to fabricate. Here, by leveraging the nonlinear dynamics of silicon, we demonstrate a silicon-based quasi-BIC platform supporting optically switchable OV generation. A Huygens sources-based model extends the near-field (NF) spatial modal analysis to the far-field (FF) region. Meanwhile, the OV switching effects in the picosecond scale are studied using nonlinear modeling at near-infrared wavelengths. The demonstrated nontrivial topological nature can expand the applications of BIC-based devices in many areas including high-capacity optical communication and mode-division multiplexing.
Endothelial progenitor cell infusion induces hematopoietic stem cell reconstitution in vivo (2009)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in association with bone marrow (BM) sinusoidal vessels in vivo, but the function of BM endothelial cells (ECs) in regulating hematopoiesis is unclear. We hypothesized that hematopoietic regeneration following injury is regulated by BM ECs. BALB/c mice were treated with total body irradiation (TBI) and then infused with C57Bl6-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) to augment endogenous BM EC activity. TBI caused pronounced disruption of the BM vasculature, BM hypocellularity, ablation of HSCs, and pancytopenia in control mice, whereas irradiated, EPC-treated mice displayed accelerated recovery of BM sinusoidal vessels, BM cellularity, peripheral blood white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils, and platelets, and a 4.4-fold increase in BM HSCs. Systemic administration of anti-VE-cadherin antibody significantly delayed hematologic recovery in both EPC-treated mice and irradiated, non-EPC-treated mice compared with irradiated controls. These data demonstrate that allogeneic EPC infusions can augment hematopoiesis and suggest a relationship between BM microvascular recovery and hematopoietic reconstitution in vivo.
Structural plasticity in Ig superfamily domain 4 of ICAM-1 mediates cell surface dimerization (2007)

The Ig superfamily (IgSF) intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) equilibrates between monomeric and dimeric forms on the cell surface, and dimerization enhances cell adhesion. A crystal structure of ICAM-1 IgSF domains (D) 3-5 revealed a unique dimerization interface in which D4s of two protomers fuse through edge beta-strands to form a single super beta-sandwich domain. Here, we describe a crystal structure at 2.7-A resolution of monomeric ICAM-1 D3-D5, stabilized by the monomer-specific Fab CA7. CA7 binds to D5 in a region that is buried in the dimeric interface and is distal from the dimerization site in D4. In monomeric ICAM-1 D3-D5, a 16-residue loop in D4 that is disordered in the dimeric structure could clearly be traced as a BC loop, a short C strand, and a CE meander with a cis-Pro followed by a solvent-exposed, flexible four-residue region. Deletions of 6 or 10 residues showed that the C-strand is essential for monomer stability, whereas a distinct six-residue deletion showed little contribution of the CE meander. Mutation of two inward-pointing Leu residues in edge beta-strand E to Lys increased monomer stability, confirming the hypothesis that inward-pointing charged side chains on edge beta-strands are an important design feature to prevent beta-supersheet formation. Overall, the studies reveal that monomer-dimer transition is associated with a surprisingly large, physiologically relevant, IgSF domain rearrangement.
Recovery of cellulase enzymes by countercurrent adsorption (1982)

The cost of enzyme production accounts for as much as 60% of the total cost for enzymatic hydrolysis of glucose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate countercurrent adsorption as a means of recovering enzyme from hydrolyzate. Results from adsorption studies and hydrolysis experiments were used to design a system for enzymatic hydrolysis of steam exploded corn stover operated with two stages of countercurrent adsorption. The effects of temperature, enzyme loading, and pretreatment on the adsorption of cellulase enzymes were studied. Steam explosion is superior to acid treatment and Wiley milling in increasing the susceptibility of the substrate to enzymatic attack. Glucose yields as high as 94% are achieved by enzymatic hydrolysis of steam exploded corn stover. High conversions permit release of enzyme so that it may be recovered from the liquid. The glucose yield decreases with increasing solids concentration. A 10 wt % suspension of steam exploded corn stover was hydrolyzed with an enzyme loading of 25 FPU/gm at 45/sup 0/C for 24 hours. Enzyme in the hydrolyzate was recovered by two stages of countercurrent adsorption, each stage operated at 25/sup 0/C for 45 minutes. The make up enzyme requirement, measured as filter paper activity, was 35% ofmore » that required for the control experiment. A preliminary economic evaluation showed that the enzyme production cost can be reduced by 61% if enzyme is recovered by countercurrent adsorption.« less
AURA: An Example of Collaborative Robot for Automotive and General Industry Applications (2017)

AURA is the first high payload collaborative robot ever designed. The concept was developed in collaboration with the most famous Italian Universities and the technology (ISO certified) is based on redundant communication between a combination of sensors placed on the external surface, able to detect human proximity. AURA is the first step of Man-Machine collaboration, one of the Industry 4.0 main features.
Lawn Structured Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Scavenging Sweeping Wind Energy on Rooftops (2015)

A novel triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is designed, based on flexible and transparent vertical-strip arrays, for environmental wind-energy harvesting. Given the low cost, simple structure, and wide applicability, the TENGs present a green alternative to traditional methods used for large-scale wind-energy harvesting.