gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Femtosecond Laser Ablation of Al2O3 ceramics (2004)

Laser-ablation experiments were performed on Al2O3 ceramics with Gaussian laser beam (800 nm wavelength, 100 fs pulse duration, 1.4 - 21 J/cm2 fluence range) focused to 33 mm spot diameter (at 1/e intensity level). The ablation threshold was determined by two different methods. The first one was applied to the ablation rate dependence on the laser fluence. The second method was applied to the crater surface diameter dependence on the laser fluence. These two dependences have been well expressed by the formulas applied to metals. The ablation threshold for Al2O3 ceramics was found to be 1.43±0.7 J/cm2. A micro-hole drilling of ceramics (150 mm-thickness) was demonstrated with laser fluence of 20 J/cm2. Aspect ratio (crater depth/diameter) of 3 has been achieved.
Self-Assembly at High Pressures:  SANS Study of the Effect of Pressure on Microstructure of C<sub>8</sub>E<sub>5</sub> Micelles in Water (2003)

We present the results of a high-pressure small-angle neutron scattering study of the effect of pressure on surfactant microstructure. The study was carried out on a solution of 1 wt % C8E5 in D2O at 29.4 °C and pressures up to 310 MPa. The C8E5 micelles that form under these conditions are noninteracting. We find that applying pressure leads to a pronounced decrease in the micelle radius of gyration and the forward scattering intensity over the pressure range from ambient to 150 MPa. The partial molecular volume of the surfactant and the extent of hydration of the surfactant head groups in the micelle were also determined using the method of solvent contrast variation. Both quantities decrease with the application of pressure up to 150 MPa. Core−shell model fits to the scattering spectra over the entire q-range indicate that the shell radius decreases, while the hydrophobic core radius increases slightly with pressure. The pressure dependence of the shell radius is notably similar to that observed for the radius of gyration. Collectively, these observations lead to the conclusion that the effect of pressure on C8E5 micellization is to induce the dehydration of surfactant head groups and the collapse of the hydrophilic micelle shell at pressures between ambient and 150 MPa.
IgG antibodies to dengue enhanced for FcγRIIIA binding determine disease severity (2017)

Dengue virus (DENV) infection in the presence of reactive, non-neutralizing immunoglobulin G (IgG) (RNNIg) is the greatest risk factor for dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Progression to DHF/DSS is attributed to antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE); however, because only a fraction of infections occurring in the presence of RNNIg advance to DHF/DSS, the presence of RNNIg alone cannot account for disease severity. We discovered that DHF/DSS patients respond to infection by producing IgGs with enhanced affinity for the activating Fc receptor FcγRIIIA due to afucosylated Fc glycans and IgG1 subclass. RNNIg enriched for afucosylated IgG1 triggered platelet reduction in vivo and was a significant risk factor for thrombocytopenia. Thus, therapeutics and vaccines restricting production of afucosylated, IgG1 RNNIg during infection may prevent ADE of DENV disease.
Efficient two and one‐half dimensional true‐amplitude migration (1999)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999Efficient two and one‐half dimensional true‐amplitude migrationAuthors: Joe DellingerSam GrayGary MurphyJohn EtgenTong FeiJoe DellingerBP Amoco, Sam GrayVeritas DGC, Gary MurphyBP Amoco, John EtgenBP Amoco, and Tong FeiBP Amocohttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820816 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820816FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1999 Pages: 2061 publication data© 1999 Copyright © 1999 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 04 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Joe Dellinger, Sam Gray, Gary Murphy, John Etgen, and Tong Fei, (1999), "Efficient two and one‐half dimensional true‐amplitude migration," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1540-1543. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820816 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Atria are More Sensitive Than Ventricles to GS-458967-Induced Inhibition of Late Sodium Current (2015)

In canine coronary-perfused preparations, GS-458967 abbreviates APD, induces PRR, and reduces Vmax in atria but has no significant effect on these parameters in the ventricles, indicating an atrial-selective effect of GS-458967 on both peak and late INa-mediated parameters. In multicellular preparations, GS-458967 abbreviated ventricular APD only under long QT conditions, suggesting a pathology-specific action of GS-458967 in canine ventricular myocardium.
Guest Editorial IMTC 2007 Special Issue (2008)

The 42 papers in this special issue are technically extended versions of papers presented at the 24th Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (IMTC 2007) that was held in Warsaw, Poland, on May 1-2, 2007.
Digital Microscopy Assessment of Angiogenesis in Different Breast Cancer Compartments (2013)

Whole slide digital examination and region of interest (ROI) analysis are a valuable tool in scoring angiogenesis markers and disclosing their prognostic capacity. Our study reveals compartments' variability of vessel density inside the tumour and highlights the propensity of invasive front to associate an active process of angiogenesis with potential implications in adjuvant therapy.
Concise Synthesis of 2-Amino-4(3<i>H</i>)-quinazolinones from Simple (Hetero)aromatic Amines (2008)

A novel and simple method of preparation of 2-alkylaminoquinazolin-4-ones with fused heteroaromatic rings from easily accessible (hetero)aromatic amines is described. The method is very efficient, and the 2-alkylaminoquinazolinone derivatives are obtained in three steps without chromatographic purification. The key step is the ring closure of the N-protected guanidine intermediates by intramolecular Friedel-Craft's type substitution.
Ordering Kinetics of the BCC Morphology in Diblock Copolymer Solutions over a Wide Temperature Range (2004)

The morphology and order-to-disorder transition (ODT) of solutions of a low molecular weight poly(styrene-b-ethylene-alt-propylene) in squalane were studied by four different methods: DSC, modulated DSC, rheology, and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The ordering from disordered micelles to the BCC morphology was traced by both rheological and SAXS measurements. The ordering mechanism was found to follow the “nucleation and growth” pathway under both shallow and deep temperature quenches. The ordering process resembles the crystallization of semicrystalline polymers. The ordering half-time (t0.5) showed a clear minimum at an intermediate temperature. At temperatures far below the ODT temperature (TODT) but well above the glass transition temperatures of the solvent and the corona block of the micelles, t0.5 increased with concentration. The temperature dependence of the ordering process was analyzed using the Fredrickson−Binder theory. Following a shallow quench (TODT − T < 15 °C), t0.5 was found to vary with the quenching depth as ln t0.5 ∝ (TODT− T)-2. Following a deep quench (TODT − T > 50 °C), the ordering time followed a simple Arrhenius relationship, and the activation energy showed negligible dependence on concentration.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalysis in the 21<sup>st</sup> Century: Lessons from the Past, Challenges for the Future. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Barriers to Hearing Aid Adoption Run Deeper Than the Price Tag (2021)

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The giant keyhole limpet radular teeth: A naturally-grown harvest machine (2015)

The limpet radula is a feeding organ, which contains more than 100 rows of teeth. During their growth the teeth mature and advance in position along the radula. The simpler doccoglossan radulae operate by grinding rocky substrates, extracting the algae by rasping and scraping with the teeth functioning as shovels. Less is known about the rhipidoglossan radulae, used as rakes or brooms that brush and collect loose marine debris. This type of radula is found in the giant keyhole limpet (Megathura crenulata). The large size of this organism suggests that the rhipidoglossan radula entails a technological superiority for M. crenulata in its habitat. The structure and function of the radulae teeth have however not been reported in detail. Using a combination of 2D and 3D microscopy techniques coupled with amino acid analysis and X-ray scattering, we reveal the working components of M. crenulata's radula. It is characterized by numerous marginal teeth surrounding a pair of major hook-like lateral teeth, two pairs of minor lateral teeth and a large central tooth. The mature major lateral teeth show pronounced signs of wear, which gradually increase towards the very front end of the radula and are evidence for scraping. An abrupt change in the amino acid composition in the major lateral teeth and the concurrent formation of a chitinous fiber-network mark the onset of tooth maturation. In comparison to the simpler rock-scraping doccoglossate limpets, the radula of M. crenulata forms an elaborate feeding apparatus, which can be seen as a natural harvest machine.
Cross-Network Clustering and Cluster Ranking for Medical Diagnosis (2017)

Automating medical diagnosis is an important data mining problem, which is to infer likely disease(s) for some observed symptoms. Algorithms to the problem are very beneficial as a supplement to a real diagnosis. Existing diagnosis methods typically perform the inference on a sparse bipartite graph with two sets of nodes representing diseases and symptoms, respectively. By using this graph, existing methods basically assume no direct dependency exists between diseases (or symptoms), which may not be true in reality. To address this limitation, in this paper, we introduce two domain networks encoding similarities between diseases and those between symptoms to avoid information loss as well as to alleviate the sparsity problem of the bipartite graph. Based on the domain networks and the bipartite graph bridging them, we develop a novel algorithm, CCCR, to perform diagnosis by ranking symptom-disease clusters. Comparing with existing approaches, CCCR is more accurate, and more interpretable since its results deliver rich information about how the inferred diseases are categorized. Experimental results on real-life datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Back Cover: Sustainable Strategy Utilizing Biomass: Visible‐Light‐Mediated Synthesis of γ‐Valerolactone (ChemCatChem 4/2016) (2016)

The Cover shows the visible light mediated synthesis of γ-valerolactone from biomass. In their Communication, S. Verma, R. B. N. Baig et al. demonstrate that a valuable organic platform chemical, γ-valerolactone, can be synthesized from biomass-derived chemical entities using a bimetallic AgPd@g-C3N4 catalyst. The salient feature of this reaction is the cyclative hydrogenation of levulinic acid at room temperature; which generally required elevated temperatures and high hydrogen pressure. The developed bimetallic system does not only simplify the reaction procedure, but also replaces the hydrogen with a biomass-derived benign hydrogen source, formic acid. More information can be found in the Communication by S. Verma, R. B. N. Baig et al. on page 690 in Issue 4, 2016 (DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201501352).
Figure S4 from Inhibition of MAN2A1 Enhances the Immune Response to Anti–PD-L1 in Human Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Sup.Fig.4: The effect of Man2a1 knockout on the IFN-γ downstream activation and cytokine sensitivity.&lt;/p&gt;
Hydrogen Production From Methane by Using Oxygen Permeable Ceramics (2006)

Oxygen permeable ceramics based on mixed conductors are attracting much attention for use in partial oxidation of hydrocarbons as a novel technique for syngas and pure hydrogen production. This paper describes the preparation and oxygen permeation properties including the methane reforming property of a novel member of oxygen permeable ceramics. The materials used are solid solutions of (La0.5Ba0.3Sr0.2)(FexIn1−x)O3−δ. The single phase of perovskite-type (La0.5Ba0.3Sr0.2)(FexIn1−x)O3−δ is obtained in the range of x=0.4 to 0.9. The highest oxygen flux densities of 2.2 and 11μmol∕cm2s (membrane thickness, L=0.2mm) are attained for (La0.5Ba0.3Sr0.2)(FexIn1−x)O3−δ(x=0.6) at 1000°C under He/air and CH4/air gradients, respectively. The electrical conductivity of (La0.5Ba0.3Sr0.2)(Fe0.6In0.4)O3−δ is dominated by p-type conduction having a slope of 1∕4 under the high P(O2) region. The oxide-ion conductivity of the same sample is estimated to be 0.05S∕cm at 800°C. Even though the oxygen flux density slightly decreases with increasing time, high CO selectivity of 90% is kept for 100h. The oxygen flux density of the solid solution is also discussed in the context of surface exchange kinetics.
Asymmetrically and Vertically Coupled Hybrid Si/GaN Microring Resonators for On-Chip Optical Interconnects (2015)

A working small-footprint asymmetrically and vertically coupled hybrid Si/GaN microring resonator (HMR) was demonstrated. The HMR of a minimum radius of 20 μm was fabricated in a high-yield (~90%) hybrid nanophotonic platform that allowed interactions between the GaN microring and the underlying Si waveguide circuit. The HMR's spectral response across the telecommunication C- and L-bands was measured. The high extinction ratio of up to 17 dB, the resonance linewidth as narrow as 40 pm, and the intrinsic quality factor of up to 70 000, which was the highest value for GaN microring reported so far, were achieved. The explicit analytical model for the high-index-contrast HMR was developed. Our basic study opened new possibilities for exploring GaN-Si nonlinear phenomena and for developing complex on-chip optical interconnects.
Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends 1-6 from The SUMO E3-ligase PIAS1 Regulates the Tumor Suppressor PML and Its Oncogenic Counterpart PML-RARA (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 113K&lt;/p&gt;
<i><scp>PIK</scp>3<scp>CA</scp></i> mutation profiling in patients with breast cancer, using a highly sensitive detection system (2018)

PIK3CA mutations are common activating mutations associated with breast cancer (occurring in 20-30% of all cases) and are potent predictive markers for responses to PI3K inhibitors. Thus, it is important to develop sensitive methods to detect these mutations. We established a novel detection method using a quenching probe (QP) system to identify PIK3CA mutations, using DNA from 309 breast cancer tissues. In a developmental cohort, we determined the optimal detection threshold of the QP system with human tumor DNA from 119 freshly frozen tumor samples. We found a 96% concordance rate with the QP system between DNA from 26 matching fresh-frozen specimens and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens from the same patients, and known PIK3CA mutation status in the developmental cohort. In a validation cohort, we evaluated whether the threshold for judging mutations using the QP system with frozen specimen-derived DNA was applicable with FFPE-derived DNA. In the validation cohort, 30 DNA samples from 190 FFPE-derived DNA samples with known PIK3CA mutation status were analyzed by direct sequencing (DS) and droplet digital PCR, in a blinded manner. The sensitivity and specificity of the droplet digital PCR results were 100% and 100% (QP system), and 60% and 100% (DS), respectively. We also analyzed the relationship between clinical outcomes and the PIK3CA mutational status of 309 breast cancer samples, including the developmental cohort and validation cohort samples. Multivariate analysis suggested that PIK3CA mutations, especially H1047R, were prognostic factors of relapse-free survival. Our novel detection system could be more useful than DS for detecting clinical PIK3CA mutations.
High-field launch electron-cyclotron heating experiments in a bumpy torus (1986)

The midplane microwave heating system in the ELMO Bumpy Torus (EBT) [in Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, 1976 (IAEA, Vienna, 1977), Vol. II, p. 145] was supplemented with power launched from the high-field side of the fundamental resonance by an antenna in the magnet coil throat. Up to 43 kW of polarized (extraordinary mode), 28 GHz power was successfully launched with one antenna. Measurements were made of changes in the core and hot-electron ring plasma parameters when throat-launch power was added. In sharp contrast to initial expectations, the bulk core-plasma parameters were degraded while the ring parameters, in the launch cavity, were improved. These results are consistent with a modified picture of electron-cyclotron heating (ECH) in EBT. A picture of localized microwave absorption and particle losses is supported by additional measurements.
Linearized saturation amplifier with bidirectional control (LSA-BC) for digital mobile radio (2002)

The design and performance of the LSA-BC, a novel power amplifier, are presented. A linear amplifier with the high efficiency of a switching-mode saturation amplifier can be realized. A high-efficiency GaAs FET is roughly linearized by dynamically varying its drain DC voltage with a high-efficiency variable-output DC-DC converter. A negative envelope feedback is utilized to compensate for the residual. The circuit construction is simple enough for use in the portable subscriber units of a digital mobile radio system. A 1.5-GHz-band 1-W LSA-BC was constructed to determine its performance with 32-kb/s roll-off QPSK (quadrature phase-shift keying). As a result, a 40% total efficiency is achieved as well as a stable third-order intermodulation distortion of -50 dB to the signal level.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Induction of Antigen-Specific Th1-Type Immune Responses by Gamma-Irradiated Recombinant<i>Brucella abortus</i>RB51 (2005)

Brucella abortus strain RB51 is an attenuated rough mutant used as the live vaccine against bovine brucellosis in the United States and other countries. We previously reported the development of strain RB51 as a bacterial vaccine vector for inducing Th1-type immune responses against heterologous proteins. Because safety concerns may preclude the use of strain RB51-based recombinant live vaccines, we explored the ability of a gamma-irradiated recombinant RB51 strain to induce heterologous antigen-specific immune responses in BALB/c mice. Exposure of strain RB51G/LacZ expressing Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase to a minimum of 300 kilorads of gamma radiation resulted in complete loss of replicative ability. These bacteria, however, remained metabolically active and continued to synthesize beta-galactosidase. A single intraperitoneal inoculation of mice with 10(9) CFU equivalents of gamma-irradiated, but not heat-killed, RB51G/LacZ induced a beta-galactosidase-specific Th1-type immune response. Though no obvious differences were detected in immune responses to B. abortus-specific antigens, mice vaccinated with gamma-irradiated, but not heat-killed, RB51G/LacZ developed significant protection against challenge with virulent B. abortus. In vitro experiments indicated that gamma-irradiated and heat-killed RB51G/LacZ induced maturation of dendritic cells; however, stimulation with gamma-irradiated bacteria resulted in more interleukin-12 secretion. These results suggest that recombinant RB51 strains exposed to an appropriate minimum dose of gamma radiation are unable to replicate but retain their ability to stimulate Th1 immune responses against the heterologous antigens and confer protection against B. abortus challenge in mice.
Social mixing patterns relevant to infectious diseases spread by close contact in urban Blantyre, Malawi (2022)

In urban Malawi, contact rates, are high and age-assortative, with little reported behavioural change due to either HIV-status or COVID-19 circulation. This highlights the limits of contact-restriction-based mitigation strategies in such settings and the need for pandemic preparedness to better understand how contact reductions can be enabled and motivated.
Transformation of Discrete Amorphous Aluminosilicate Nanoparticles into Nanosized Zeolites (2020)

Abstract The effect of amorphous aluminosilicate precursor nanoparticles on the formation of nanosized zeolites with faujasite (FAU) and sodalite (SOD) type frameworks is illustrated using a new synthetic strategy to prepare nanosized zeolites with tailored particle size distribution, morphology, and structure. This two‐step synthesis procedure includes the formation of colloidal suspensions followed by separation of the amorphous precursor nanoparticles, and their subsequent transformation into nanosized crystals by treatment with alkali suspensions (NaOH) solutions only. The selective transformation of the amorphous nanoparticles into FAU and SOD nanosized crystals is studied at atomistic and microscopic levels using 29 Si and 23 Na nuclear magnetic resonanse (NMR) spectroscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction, and N 2 physisorption, respectively. The presence of sodalite cages occluding highly mobile sodium in the amorphous nanoparticles is confirmed by 23 Na‐ 1 H D ‐HMQC NMR spectroscopy. The subsequent treatment of these amorphous precursor particles with aqueous sodium hydroxide illustrates that the cations are not only charge compensators but also inorganic templates stabilizing sodalite cages during the long‐range ordering in the amorphous particles.
Tundrenone: An Atypical Secondary Metabolite from Bacteria with Highly Restricted Primary Metabolism (2018)

Methane-oxidizing bacteria, aerobes that utilize methane as their sole carbon and energy source, are being increasingly studied for their environmentally significant ability to remove methane from the atmosphere. Their genomes indicate that they also have a robust and unusual secondary metabolism. Bioinformatic analysis of the Methylobacter tundripaludum genome identified biosynthetic gene clusters for several intriguing metabolites, and this report discloses the structural and genetic characterization of tundrenone, one of these metabolites. Tundrenone is a highly oxidized metabolite that incorporates both a modified bicyclic chorismate-derived fragment and a modified lipid tail bearing a β,γ-unsaturated α-hydroxy ketone. Tundrenone has been genetically linked to its biosynthetic gene cluster, and quorum sensing activates its production. M. tundripaludum's genome and tundrenone's discovery support the idea that additional studies of methane-oxidizing bacteria will reveal new naturally occurring molecular scaffolds and the biosynthetic pathways that produce them.