gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Different patterns of cortical maturation before and after 38 weeks gestational age demonstrated by diffusion MRI in vivo (2018)

Human cortical development during the third trimester is characterised by macro- and microstructural changes which are reflected in alterations in diffusion MRI (dMRI) measures, with significant decreases in cortical mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA). This has been interpreted as reflecting increased cellular density and dendritic arborisation. However, the fall in FA stops abruptly at 38 weeks post-menstrual age (PMA), and then tends to plateau, while MD continues to fall, suggesting a more complex picture and raising the hypothesis that after this age development is dominated by continuing increase in neural and organelle density rather than alterations in the geometry of dendritic trees. To test this, we used neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), acquiring multi-shell, high angular resolution dMRI and measures of cortical volume and mean curvature in 99 preterm infants scanned between 25 and 47 weeks PMA. We predicted that increased neurite and organelle density would be reflected in increases in neurite density index (NDI), while a relatively unchanging geometrical structure would be associated with constant orientation dispersion index (ODI). As dendritic arborisation is likely to be one of the drivers of gyrification, we also predicted that measures of cortical volume and curvature would correlate with ODI and show slower growth after 38 weeks. We observed a decrease of MD throughout the period, while cortical FA decreased from 25 to 38 weeks PMA and then increased. ODI increased up to 38 weeks and then plateaued, while NDI rose after 38 weeks. The evolution of ODI correlated with cortical volume and curvature. Regional analysis of cortical microstructure revealed a heterogenous pattern with increases in FA and NDI after 38 weeks confined to primary motor and sensory regions. These results support the interpretation that cortical development between 25 and 38 weeks PMA shows a predominant increase in dendritic arborisation and neurite growth, while between 38 and 47 weeks PMA it is dominated by increasing cellular and organelle density.
Performance Benefits for Organic Rankine Cycles with Flooded Expansion (2010)

An organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is often used in waste heat recovery applications. These are typically small-scale applications where cycle thermal efficiency is low, and the benefits of traditional cycle enhancements (such as reheat stages or feed-water heaters) do not typically outweigh the costs required to implement them. An ORC with flooded expansion and internal heat regeneration is an alternative enhancement that provides comparable benefits at reduced cost and complexity. The improvement in efficiency for the ORC with flooded expansion and internal regeneration is analyzed for several working fluids and for two flooding media: water and Zerol 60 compressor lubricant. It is shown that internal regeneration alone provides most of the efficiency enhancement for dry working fluids (R600a, n-Pentane, and R245fa). n-Pentane is shown to offer the most efficient cycle even without flooded expansion in most cases. A quantitative comparison is given between the proposed cycle and the reheat and feedwater heater cycles with internal regeneration. In applications where a hydrocarbon may not be appropriate as a working fluid, R245fa and R717 show promise as alternatives. R717, which shows the most benefit from flooded expansion and internal regeneration, requires this enhancement in order to be competitive with the dry working fluids.
Multiwavelength pumping of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers in the 980-nm band (1993)

A technique for significantly increasing the pump power in an erbium doped fiber amplifier by multiplexing pump lasers at different wavelengths is demonstrated. Two pump lasers with a wavelength separation of at least 10 nm are combined with an insertion loss of less than 0.5 dB. The performance tradeoffs as a result of multiwavelength pumping are discussed.
A European Roadmap to Leverage RISC-V in Space Applications (2022)

RISC-V is an open and modular Instruction Set Architecture(ISA) which is rapidly growing in popularity in terrestrial applications. This paper presents the place in future space embedded systems ESA&#x0027;s roadmap for RISC-V based processors. In order to satisfy different applications with contrasting requirements in satellite data systems, four different types of processors are identified: 1) General-Purpose (GP) processors for payloads 2) main platform On-Board Computers (OBCs) controllers 3) low-area/low-power microcontrollers (uCs), 4) enhanced payload processors with support for Artificial Intelligence (AI). We also describe the state of the art of the RISC-V software ecosystem, including the currently available hardware platforms, with a focus on developments for space applications and what has already been done in the European Space Industry. Finally, planned activities are presented, with a focus on the role of the European ecosystem.
Versatile And Precise Vision-Based Manipulation (1994)

I MPLEMENTATION of robotics in space entails a wide variety of challenges. Of particular interest here is the matter of bringing about precise, autonomous positioning of one rigid body (say a tool or a structural member which is to be added to an assembly) relative to a second object. Although the required degree of precision for such tasks will depend on the geometries involved, as well as the availability of force control and passive compliance, some degree of positioning precision will inevitably be required for the maneuver to succeed. It is important when considering this kind of operation to emphasize robustness as well as precision. A number of disturbances having to do with heat, motion, and the requirement for light weight are likely in practice to alter the nominal geometry of the system. The means used to produce the required positioning precision must therefore continue to perform despite a variety of disturbances. One of the advantages of directing the manipulator's movement via human-guided teleoperation lies precisely in this area; with teleoperation, the precision of positioning which may be obtained, and hence terminal maneuver success itself, does not depend on the retention of carefully calibrated geometric relationships. The human controller is able to use his own perception of the adjustment required to close the gap, in his own subjective frame of reference, and hence to culminate satisfactorily the maneuver. By contrast, the most common approach to the use of vision for the purpose of autonomous guidance relies on a carefully calibrated and pre-established mapping of three-dimensional physical space into the two-dimensional image plane (or camera space) of each participating camera. The degree of difficulty entailed by implementation of this strategy clearly depends on the requirements for precision of the particular task. Nevertheless, generally speaking, this approach is very demanding in terms of its intolerance of those heatand motion-induced geometrical variations that are likely to occur in space operations. The source of difficulty
Kinematics and Workspace Analyses of 3/3-RRRS Parallel Manipulator (2012)

It is known that two primary disadvantages of parallel manipulators are the complicated forward kinematics and limited workspace. This paper mainly addressed the kinematics and workspace analyses of a 3/3-RRRS 6-DOF parallel manipulator. After a brief introduction of the 3/3 -RRRS 6-DOF parallel manipulator, a three-dimensional model and its relevant structure diagram are constituted, the forward and inverse displacement analyses of the 3/3-RRRS parallel manipulator are discussed in detail, especially, a novel geometrical method referred as equivalent mechanism is proposed for the forward displacement analysis of the manipulator under consideration. Based on the displacement analyses of the manipulator, a discretization method is proposed for the computation of the reachable position/orientation workspace of the 3/3-RRRS parallel manipulator, respectively. Examples of a 3/3-RRRS parallel manipulator are given to demonstrate these theoretical results.
Alternative concepts for high speed, high frequency and signal integration into the PCB (2014)

Transmission of data is a major driver in the electronics industry. Higher data volumes, high speed data transfer and short time signal transmission have to be realized to meet these requirements. ...
Thermal conductivity of self-assembled nano-structured ZnO bulk ceramics (2012)

In this study, we describe the changes in thermal conductivity behavior of ZnO-Al micro- and nano-two-phase self-assembled composites with varying grain sizes. The reduction in thermal conductivity values of micro-composites was limited to ∼15% for ZnO-4% Al. However, nano-composites exhibited large reduction, by a factor of about three, due to uniform distribution of nano-precipitates (ZnAl2O4) and large grain boundary area. Interestingly, the micro-composites revealed continuous decrease in thermal conductivity with increase in Al substitution while the nano-composites exhibited the lowest magnitudes for 2% Al concentration. Raman spectra indicated that phonon confinement in ZnO-Al nano-composites causes drastic decrease in the value of thermal conductivity.
Synthesis and Performance of 6FDA-Based Polyimide-Ionenes and Composites with Ionic Liquids as Gas Separation Membranes (2019)

Three new isomeric 6FDA-based polyimide-ionenes, with imidazolium moieties and varying regiochemistry (<i>para-, meta-, and ortho-</i> connectivity), and composites with three different ionic liquids (ILs) have been developed as gas separation membranes. The structural-property relationships and gas separation behaviors of the newly developed 6FDA polyimide-ionene + IL composites have been extensively studied. All the 6FDA-based polyimide-ionenes exhibited good compatibility with the ILs and produced homogeneous hybrid membranes with the high thermal stability of ~380 °C. Particularly, [6FDA I4A pXy][Tf<sub>2</sub>N] ionene + IL hybrids having [C<sub>4</sub>mim][Tf<sub>2</sub>N] and [Bnmim][Tf<sub>2</sub>N] ILs offered mechanically stable matrixes with high CO<sub>2</sub> affinity. The permeability of CO<sub>2</sub> was increased by factors of 2 and 3 for C<sub>4</sub>mim and Bnmim hybrids (2.15 to 6.32 barrers), respectively, compared to the neat [6FDA I4A pXy][Tf<sub>2</sub>N] without sacrificing their permselectivity for CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> gas pairs.
Time slot allocation in CDMA/TDD systems for mobile multimedia services (2000)

An important issue in wireless multimedia communications is to cope with the traffic asymmetry between uplink and downlink. The asymmetrical slot allocation in the code division multiple-access systems with time-division duplex mode (CDMA/TDD systems) can be a good solution for this problem. However, the level of traffic asymmetry can be significantly different from cell to cell. In this letter, we calculate the utilization of a CDMA/TDD system for the multicell model. In addition, we suggest an optimal slot allocation that maximizes the frequency utilization.
Deciphering the clinical features of heterogeneous stage III non-small cell lung cancer in Japanese real-world clinical practice: Expanded cohort of the SOLUTION study (2021)

Patients with clinical stage III NSCLC received a variety of treatments selected to the clinical background and tumor status, and we clarified the outcome and prognostic factors. These findings will be a useful reference for future studies evaluating newly introduced treatments for stage III NSCLC.
Tunable and adjustable broadband RF photonic fractional Hilbert transformer based on a Kerr soliton crystal optical microcomb (2021)

We demonstrate an RF photonic fractional Hilbert transformer based on an integrated Kerr micro-comb source featuring a record low free spectral range of 49 GHz. By programming and shaping the comb lines according to calculated tap weights for up to 39 wavelengths across the C-band, we achieve tunable bandwidths ranging from 1.2 to 15.3 GHz as well as variable center frequencies from baseband to 9.5 GHz, for both standard integral and arbitrary fractional orders. We experimentally characterize the RF amplitude and phase response of the tunable bandpass and lowpass Hilbert transformers with 90 and 45-degree phase shifts. The experimental results show good agreement with theory, confirming the effectiveness of our approach as a powerful way to implement standard and fractional order Hilbert transformers with broad and variable bandwidths and center frequencies, with high reconfigurability and greatly reduced size and complexity.
VEGF is an important mediator of tumor angiogenesis in malignant lesions in a genetically engineered mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma (2013)

Overall, our studies indicate significance of VEGF and angiogenesis in a spontaneous model of lung tumorigenesis and provide a proof of mechanism for anti-cancer activity of VEGF inhibitors in this model.
Morphology, thermoelectric properties and wet‐chemical doping of laser‐sintered germanium nanoparticles (2012)

Abstract Porous, highly doped semiconductors are potential candidates for thermoelectric energy conversion elements. We report on the fabrication of thin films of Ge via short‐pulse laser‐sintering of Ge nanoparticles (NPs) in vacuum and study the macroporous morphology of the samples by secondary electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. The temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient of undoped Ge is discussed in conjunction with the formation of a defect band near the valence band. We further introduce a versatile method of doping the resulting films with a variety of common dopant elements in group‐IV semiconductors by using a liquid containing the dopant atoms. This method is fully compatible with laser‐direct writing and suited to fabricate small scale thermoelectric generators. The incorporation of the dopants is verified by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and their electrical activation is studied by conductivity and thermopower measurements.
HIGH RESOLUTION FTIR SPECTROSCOPY OF THE $\nu_{4}$ BAND OF BENZENE $1, 3, 5 - d3$ (1999)

Author Institution: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999
Striped Phase in a Quantum<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>X</mml:mi><mml:mi>Y</mml:mi></mml:math>Model with Ring Exchange (2002)

We present quantum Monte Carlo results for a square-lattice S=1/2 XY model with a standard nearest-neighbor coupling J and a four-spin ring exchange term K. Increasing K/J, we find that the ground state spin stiffness vanishes at a critical point at which a spin gap opens and a striped bond-plaquette order emerges. At still higher K/J, this phase becomes unstable and the system develops a staggered magnetization. We discuss the quantum phase transitions between these phases.
Three-Element Objective Lens with Numerical Aperture of 0.85 (2002)

We have developed a three-element objective lens with a numerical aperture of 0.85 at 405 nm, which can correct chromatic aberration caused by mode hopping and wavelength change of the laser diode.
Imaging and Coding in the Olfactory System (2001)

Functional imaging methods permit analysis of neuronal systems in which activity is broadly distributed in time and space. In the olfactory system the dimensions that describe odorant stimuli in "odorant space" are still poorly defined. One way of trying to characterize the attributes of this space is to examine the ways in which its dimensions are encoded by the neurons and circuits making up the system and to compare these responses with physical-chemical attributes of the stimuli and with the output behavior of the animal. For documenting distributed events as they occur, imaging methods are among the few tools available. We are still in the early stages of this analysis; however, a number of recent studies have contributed new information to our understanding of the odorant coding problem. This paper describes imaging results in the context of other data that have contributed to our understanding of how odors are encoded by the peripheral olfactory pathway.
A New Method of Evaluating Signal Quality for Systems to which Partial Response and Maximum Likelihood Is Applied (2003)

The partial response and maximum likelihood (PRML) detection method is promising as a detection scheme for next-generation optical disk systems. For application of the PRML detection, a new value is required in order to evaluate signal quality instead of jitter, which is used in current optical disk systems. For this requirement, we developed a new evaluation method that is based on the principle of the PRML detection. This evaluation value is defined as the occurrence probability of miss-detection in the PRML detection. We evaluated the proposed method using a simulated waveform and an experimental waveform for two systems. Each system consists of a phase change disk with cover layer thickness of 0.6 mm and 0.1 mm, a blue laser with wavelength of 409 nm and 407 nm and an objective lens with numerical aperture of 0.65 and 0.85, respectively. As a result, we confirmed the validity of the proposed method for each system.
Novel Access to Thioacylsilanes with Benzotriazole-Mediated Methodology (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTNovel Access to Thioacylsilanes with Benzotriazole-Mediated MethodologyAlessandro Degl'Innocenti, Antonella Capperucci, Daniela C. Oniciu, and Alan R. KatritzkyView Author Information Centro C.N.R. Composti Eterociclici e loro Applicazioni and Dipartimento di Chimica Organica, via G. Capponi 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy Alchem Laboratories Corporation, 13305 Rachael Boulevard, Alachua, Florida 32615 Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200 %[email protected]Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 26, 9206–9209Publication Date (Web):December 7, 2000Publication History Received31 July 2000Published online7 December 2000Published inissue 1 December 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo0011585https://doi.org/10.1021/jo0011585brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views300Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Adducts,Chemical reactions,Molecular structure,Reaction products,Sulfides Get e-Alerts
Awajanomycin, a Cytotoxic γ-Lactone-δ-lactam Metabolite from Marine-Derived <i>Acremonium</i> sp. AWA16-1 (2006)

The new fungal metabolite awajanomycin (1), which has gamma-lactone-delta-lactam rings, was isolated from the marine-derived fungus Acremonium sp. AWA16-1, which had been collected from sea mud off Awajishima Island in Japan. The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and chemical methods. Awajanomycin (1) and its derivative (2) inhibited the growth of A549 cells with IC(50) values of 27.5 and 46.4 microg/mL, respectively.
J182022 Temporal subtraction analysis utilizing collected data with PQ monitoring bogie鐵 (2013)

A typical index to evaluate the running safety of railway vehicles is so-called derailment coefficient. Recently, a new type monitoring bogie which monitors derailment coefficient during commercial operation has been developed. In order to realize predictive maintenance of track utilizing the new type monitoring bogie, temporal subtraction analysis which is applied to the medical category could be useful. However, the data of travelled distance along track estimated from the vehicle velocity is not correct because the wheel radius gradually changes in long period. In this paper, a method to correct the distance utilizing estimated twist irregularity with monitored information. The temporal subtraction analysis for the derailment coefficient is also conducted, and the usefulness of the analysis is explained.
Non solo chi si affermi proprietario è legittimato all’opposizione di terzo ex art. 619 c.p.c.: Tribunale Como 22 settembre 2016 - Est. Petronzi (2016)

Legittimato all’opposizione di terzo, ex art. 619 c.p.c., non è solo il terzo che si affermi proprietario ovvero titolare di altro diritto reale, ma anche chi vanti una situazione giuridica soggettiva, benché non reale, purché destinata ad avere, in caso di accertamento positivo, prevalenza rispetto all’interesse del creditore procedente.
Driven electronic states at the surface of a topological insulator (2013)

Motivated by recent photoemission experiments on the surface of topological insulators we compute the spectrum of driven topological surface excitations in the presence of an external light source. We completely characterize the spectral function of these nonequilibrium electron excitations for both linear and circular polarizations of the incident light. We find that in the latter case, the circularly polarized light gaps out the surface states, whereas linear polarization gives rise to an anisotropic metal with multiple Dirac cones. We compare the sizes of the gaps with recent pump-probe photoemission measurements and find good agreement. We also identify theoretically several new features in the time-dependent spectral function, such as shadow Dirac cones.
Sequence, Structure, and Binding Site Analysis of Kirkiin in Comparison with Ricin and Other Type 2 RIPs (2021)

Kirkiin is a new type 2 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) purified from the caudex of <i>Adenia kirkii</i> with a cytotoxicity compared to that of stenodactylin. The high toxicity of RIPs from <i>Adenia</i> genus plants makes them interesting tools for biotechnology and therapeutic applications, particularly in cancer therapy. The complete amino acid sequence and 3D structure prediction of kirkiin are here reported. Gene sequence analysis revealed that kirkiin is encoded by a 1572 bp open reading frame, corresponding to 524 amino acid residues, without introns. The amino acid sequence analysis showed a high degree of identity with other <i>Adenia</i> RIPs. The 3D structure of kirkiin preserves the overall folding of type 2 RIPs. The key amino acids of the active site, described for ricin and other RIPs, are also conserved in the kirkiin A chain. Sugar affinity studies and docking experiments revealed that both the 1α and 2γ sites of the kirkiin B chain exhibit binding activity toward lactose and D-galactose, being lower than ricin. The replacement of His246 in the kirkiin 2γ site instead of Tyr248 in ricin causes a different structure arrangement that could explain the lower sugar affinity of kirkiin with respect to ricin.