gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Associative ionization in mercury (2002)

Summary form only given, as follows. Ionization in binary collisions of 6/sup 3/P/sub 0,1,2/ excited mercury atoms are of particular importance for the charge particle balance in low temperature mercury-rare gas plasmas, which have found wide and successful application in fluorescent lamps. The principal weak point of existing theoretical models of lighting plasmas is the choice of processes assumed to lead to ionization in collisions of 6/sup 3/P atoms of mercury, and hence to large uncertainties in the cross-section and rate constant data. In fact, the cross-section values used in discharge models differ by more than a factor of ten. Binary 6/sup 3/P/sub 0/ collisions, usually neglected, are expected to be of great importance. We present numerical results from the GLOMAC model, showing the variation in fluorescent lamp operating characteristics as the rate constants for ionization in collisions of 6/sup 3/P atoms are varied through the range allowed by existing experimental results. The notable dependencies observed illustrate the need for more accurate experimental data. Direct experimental observation of the collisional processes is hampered by the difficulty of optically exciting the 6/sup 3/P/sub 0,2/ levels directly from the ground state. A novel experimental approach to the measurement of absolute collisional ionization cross-sections, based on a radio frequency ion trap, is proposed. The sensitivity of the method is expected to be three or four orders of magnitude better than that of conventional techniques. This provides new opportunities to study collisional ionization processes of metastable atoms optically exciting directly from the ground state.
Self-Standing High-Performance Transparent Actuator Based on Poly(dimethylsiloxane)/TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers/Ionic Liquid Gel (2020)

The sustainable application of cellulose nanofibers and ionic liquids (ILs) in the fabrication of transparent gel electrolyte actuators combined with thin electrodes remains to be explored. Accordingly, this study developed a new actuator on the basis of a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical-oxidized cellulose nanofibers/IL/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (TOCN/IL/PDMS) transparent gel electrolyte. A casting method was employed to prepare the gel electrolyte film, and spray-coating was used to apply thin electrodes. On the basis of its electromechanical and electrochemical properties, the TOCN/IL/PDMS gel electrolyte actuator had high strain performance. The actuator's operational mechanism is based on both electrostatic double-layer capacitor (EDLC) and Faradaic capacitor mechanisms, with the EDLC mechanism having a stronger influence. The actuator's displacement-response frequency dependency was determined, and we simulated the obtained findings by using a double-layer charging kinetic model. The combined gel electrolyte and electrode resistance resulted in a favorable fit to the experimental data, as did the gel electrolyte resistance alone. The performance of the TOCN/IL/PDMS-electrolyte-based polymer actuators can be improved further by designing electrolytes (primarily) and electrodes to have high ionic and electrical conductivities. The films-which are flexible, robust, and transparent-may have potential as actuator materials within electronic and energy-conversion devices that are required to be wearable and transparent.
Voltammetric Monitoring of Gold Nanoparticle Formation Facilitated by Glycyl-<scp>l</scp>-Tyrosine:  Relation to Electronic Spectra and Transmission Electron Microscopy Images (2006)

Voltammetric techniques have been introduced to monitor the formation of gold nanoparticles produced via the reaction of the amino acid glycyl-L-tyrosine with Au(III) (bromoaurate) in 0.05 M KOH conditions. The alkaline conditions facilitate amino acid binding to Au(III), inhibit the rate of reduction to Au(0), and provide an excellent supporting electrolyte for voltammetric studies. Data obtained revealed that a range of time-dependent gold solution species are involved in gold nanoparticle formation and that the order in which reagents are mixed is critical to the outcome. Concomitantly with voltammetric measurements, the properties of gold nanoparticles formed are probed by examination of electronic spectra in order to understand how the solution environment present during nanoparticle growth affects the final distribution of the nanoparticles. Images obtained by the ex situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technique enable the physical properties of the nanoparticles isolated in the solid state to be assessed. Use of this combination of in situ and ex situ techniques provides a versatile framework for elucidating the details of nanoparticle formation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of RNAse Active Site Model Systems Using a Steroid Template (2010)

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abstract 1768: Multiplexed shRNA cassettes targeting orthogonal pathways (FAS/PTPN2/TGFBR) enhance the potency of integrated circuit T cells (ICTs) in multiple solid tumor models (2023)

Abstract T cell exhaustion resulting from chronic antigen stimulation and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) limits CAR T efficacy in the solid tumor setting. We have previously shown that engineering therapeutic T cell products using CRISPR-based gene insertion of a dual shRNA cassette targeting Fas and PTPN2 significantly increased antitumor efficacy of Integrated Circuit T cells (ICTs) in ovarian cancer models. We sought to build on this finding to induce additional gene perturbations that improve the efficacy of ICTs. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-b is an immunosuppressive cytokine that potently inhibits T cell responses and is present at high levels in numerous solid tumors, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In order to render ICT cells less susceptible to TGF-b-mediated suppression, we developed a quadruple shRNA cassette that simultaneously targets Fas, PTPN2, and TGFBR. Candidate TGFBR-targeting shRNAs were selected for their ability to reduce surface TGFBR receptor expression and impair proximal (pSMAD) or distal (CD103, PD-1) signaling through TGFBR. While single shRNAs against TGFBR did not rescue ICT cell activity in the presence of TGF-b, likely due to partial knockdown of TGFBR signaling, a cassette encoding two shRNAs against TGFBR restored ICT function to similar levels observed in the absence of TGF-b. The quadruple shRNA cassettes targeting Fas/PTPN2/TGFBR significantly enhanced antitumor activity of ICT cells in multiple xenograft tumor models relative to Fas/PTPN2 cassettes. These results demonstrate the utility of multiplexed shRNA strategies to render therapeutic T cells resistant to orthogonal suppressive pathways in solid tumors. Citation Format: Thomas J. Gardner, Adam Litterman, Brenal K. Singh, Luisa Silva, Mukund Hari, Stanley Zhou, Colin Tang, Sahil Joshi, John Gagnon, Oliver Takacsi-Nagy, Jason Hall, Hans Pope, James Zhang, Alma Gomez, Jeremy Chen, Suchismita Mohanty, Vince Thomas, Nicholas Quant, Beatriz Millare, Amy-Jo Casbon, Natalie Bezman, Levi Gray-Rupp, Angela C. Boroughs, W. Nicholas Haining. Multiplexed shRNA cassettes targeting orthogonal pathways (FAS/PTPN2/TGFBR) enhance the potency of integrated circuit T cells (ICTs) in multiple solid tumor models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1768.
Gate-Tuned Thermoelectric Power in Black Phosphorus (2016)

The electric field effect is a useful means of elucidating intrinsic material properties as well as for designing functional devices. The electric-double-layer transistor (EDLT) enables the control of carrier density in a wide range, which is recently proved to be an effective tool for the investigation of thermoelectric properties. Here, we report the gate-tuning of thermoelectric power in a black phosphorus (BP) single crystal flake with the thickness of 40 nm. Using an EDLT configuration, we successfully control the thermoelectric power (S) and find that the S of ion-gated BP reached +510 μV/K at 210 K in the hole depleted state, which is much higher than the reported bulk single crystal value of +340 μV/K at 300 K. We compared this experimental data with the first-principles-based calculation and found that this enhancement is qualitatively explained by the effective thinning of the conduction channel of the BP flake and nonuniformity of the channel owing to the gate operation in a depletion mode. Our results provide new opportunities for further engineering BP as a thermoelectric material in nanoscale.
An audiovisual teaching model of the muscle spindle (1979)

Students in biology and medicine often have difficulty in visualizing the structure, function and disease of complex integrated body systems. One example in neurophysiology is the muscle spindle and Golgi tendon organ. A model is described which demonstrates the properties of these two muscle receptors. The model combines mechanical elements, which can change their length to represent muscle contraction, with an electronic representation of the passage of action potentials along 'nerves', indicated by light-emitting diodes and loudspeakers. The model has been in use for some years as a supplement to conventional teaching methods. In a recent questionnaire about the model, a group of medical students responded favourably. We suggest that models such as this are valuable teaching aids.
An Approach to Cannabinoids by Radical Cyclisation of 1,7-Dienes Using Diethyl Thiophosphite (2008)

Various 1,7-dienes, prepared efficiently in five steps from salicylaldehyde, react with diethyl thiophosphite (in the presence of AIBN) to form substituted chromans, which are potential precursors to cannabinoids. The influence of the substitution of the 1,7-diene on the efficiency of the radical cyclisation is discussed.
Design of shortest double-stranded DNA sequences covering all <i>k</i>-mers with applications to protein-binding microarrays and synthetic enhancers (2013)

The software is freely available from our website http://acgt.cs.tau.ac.il/shortcake/.
An Electrochemical and Optical Investigation of Polypyrrole/Polyethyleneoxide Latex Particles (1991)

Submicronic polypyrrole/polyethylene‐oxide (PPy/PEO) latex particles have been produced using PEO as the steric stabilizer and either or as the oxidizing agent for pyrrole. Scanning electron micrographs show that the two types of PPy/PEO latex particles are of approximately the same size. From electrochemical and optical characterization (UV‐vis spectra) of these particles, it was found that these latex particles can be electrochemically oxidized and reduced in an electrolyte of acetonitrile with . The electrochemical and optical measurements indicate that the latex particles formed when using as the oxidizing agent are more easily switched than the particles which are the result of applying as the oxidizing agent.
REGULATION OF ADENOVIRUS mRNA SYNTHESIS* (1980)

The lytic cycle of adenovirus is a tightly regulated sequence of stages. When this regulation is studied at the level of mRNA production, the most significant step in controlling gene expression is initiation of transcription. Thus in preceding from one stage of expression to another, viral factors seem to turn on transcription of new sets of genes. At the moment, it is thought that viral mRNA synthesis involves initiation of transcription at ten different promoter sites. It is likely that in some manner the frequency of an initiation of transcription at nine of these sites is affected by one or more viral gene products. With the recent development of soluble in vitro transcription systems that respond to exogenously added DNA, it should be possible to begin to study regulation of gene expression at this stage of transcription. At present, these systems yield the paradoxical observation that extracts prepared from uninfected human cells more efficiently recognize the late promoter as compared to the early promoter of adenovirus. As more is learned about regulation of synthesis of viral mRNAs, examples will surely be found where RNA processing and RNA turnover play a critical role in determining the level of mRNAs. Such cases are more likely to appear in the balancing of synthesis of different mRNAs derived from one transcriptional unit. Few experiments have been directed to this possibility and the study of adenovirus molecular biology is only now entering the age of maturity where these experiments are feasible.
Divergence control experiments on the SABRE extraction ion diode (1993)

Summary form only given. To support the development of a high-power extraction geometry light ion driver module for ICF (inertial confinement fusion) applications, the authors are investigating techniques for ion beam divergence measurement and control with a high-impedance applied-B extraction ion diode on the SABRE ten-stage linear induction accelerator (6 MV, 300 kA) at Sandia National Laboratories. Initial experiments have concentrated on divergence and beam uniformity measurements with an annular 4-MeV proton beam generated from a passive wax flashover ion source. This beam is transported through the return flux of the cathode magnetic field coils inside a static fill gas cell containing argon or nitrogen at 1 to 20 Torr. Divergence accounting is in progress to evaluate the contributions to divergence growth from ion source divergence and nonuniformity, electromagnetic instabilities in the anode-cathode gap, instabilities in the gas cell transport region arising from incomplete charge neutralization in a strong transverse magnetic field, and additional contributions from foil scattering and gas transport.
Dynamical Interactions in a Multi-Bubble Cloud (1992)

Results of studies on the dynamics of “clouds” of bubbles via both an analytical technique using asymptotic expansions, and via numerical simulation using a three-dimensional boundary element technique (BEM) are reported. The asymptotic method relies on the assumption that the characteristic bubble size is much smaller than the characteristic inter-bubble distance. Results obtained from the two methods are compared, and are found to agree in the domain of validity of the asymptotic technique, which is for very low void fractions. Next, results of several numerical experiments conducted using the BEM algorithm are reported. The results indicate the influence of the mutual interaction on the dynamics of multiple bubble clouds.
Plasma-free hemoglobin levels in advanced vs. conventional infant and pediatric extracorporeal life support circuits. (2013)

Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is a reliable method to support pediatric patients with reversible cardiorespiratory failure associated with congenital heart disease, respiratory insufficiency, or after cardiac surgery. In 2010, our institution adopted an infant/pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuit that contains a magnetically levitated centrifugal pump, polymethylpentene oxygenator, and shorter tubing length (ECMO II circuit). Our prior circuit contained a nonocclusive roller pump, polypropylene oxygenator, venous compliance chamber, and hemoconcentrator (ECMO I circuit). A retrospective chart review comparing ECMO I and ECMO II daily plasma-free hemoglobin (PFH) values was conducted. We hypothesized that the PFH is similar between the two ECMO circuit groups. We reviewed medical records of children 3 years of age or younger weighing less than 13 kg who required ECLS between January 2008 and February 2012. PFH levels from 18 ECMO II patients were compared with levels in a retrospective group of an equal number of well-matched ECMO I circuit patients. There was no significant difference between ECMO I and ECMO II circuit groups regarding mean time on ECMO, age in days, and weight. There was also no significant difference in the group mean levels of PFH between ECMO I and ECMO II circuits. There was a significant increase in PFH with hours on ECMO (p < .01) within and between both circuit groups (p < .01) and a significantly greater increase in PFH with ECMO hours (p = .0091) in the ECMO I circuit group. Although there was no significant difference in average PFH with the change in ECMO II circuit technology, advancements such as the magnetically levitated blood pump and polymethylpentene gas exchange device has been associated with significantly fewer mechanical component change-outs (p = .0156) and less clots and fibrin build-up in the circuits (p = .0548).
Psychosocial Impact of Passive Health Status Monitoring on Informal Caregivers and Older Adults Living in Independent Senior Housing (2006)

This paper describes a study designed to assess some psychosocial impacts of monitoring technology on seniors living in independent senior housing. monitoring systems were installed, in 25 independent living units in an apartment complex, to track the activities of daily living (ADLs) and key alert conditions of residents. Activity reports were sent to informal caregivers. Residents (N=25) were assessed using the satisfaction with life scales (SWLS) instrument, informal caregivers (N=26) were assessed using modified caregiver strain index (CSI) and caregiver burden interview (CBI) instruments, before and after the installation of the monitoring system. Paired t-test for means was applied to the pre- and post-monitoring scores of SWLS, CSI, and CBI. The Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks nonparametric test was applied to compare the number of informal care hours pre- and post-monitoring. No statistically significant increase was observed on SWLS results. No significant changes in CSI and CBI scores were detected. There was a statistically significant increase in the number of informal care hours provided by the informal caregivers of monitored individuals. The results indicate that monitoring technologies could have enabled informal caregivers to provide more care for their loved ones without increasing their burdens, strain levels or negatively affecting their quality of life
High-Density Modification of H-Terminated Si(111) Surfaces Using Short-Chain Alkynes (2017)

H-Si(111)-terminated surfaces were alkenylated via two routes: through a novel one-step gas-phase hydrosilylation reaction with short alkynes (C<sub>3</sub> to C<sub>6</sub>) and for comparison via a two-step chlorination and Grignard alkenylation process. All modified surfaces were characterized by static water contact angles and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Propenyl- and butenyl-coated Si(111) surfaces display a significantly higher packing density than conventional C<sub>10</sub>-C<sub>18</sub> alkyne-derived monolayers, showing the potential of this approach. In addition, propyne chemisorption proceeds via either of two approaches: the standard hydrosilylation at the terminal carbon (lin) at temperatures above 90 °C and an unprecedented reaction at the second carbon (iso) at temperatures below 90 °C. Molecular modeling revealed that the packing energy of a monolayer bonded at the second carbon is significantly more favorable, which drives iso-attachment, with a dense packing of surface-bound iso-propenyl chains at 40% surface coverage, in line with the experiments at <90 °C. The highest density monolayers are obtained at 130 °C and show a linear attachment of 1-propenyl chains with 92% surface coverage.
De spontane aandacht van kinderen voor wiskundige relaties in alledaagse situaties (2016)

status: Published
A Novel Quantum Cellular Automata Logic with Loop Structures (1994)

The effects of additional cells on the circuit operation of quantum cellular automata (QCA) logic, proposed by Lent et al. , are numerically studied using the extended Hubbard model self-consistently. We investigate the differences in logic circuit operation between Lent's inverter and our original 4-cell one characterized by a loop structure in the cases of 4 and 5 quantum dot cells (QDC). We find that the 4-cell inverter with loop structure composed of 4-QDC exhibits favorable characteristics in QCA logic operation.
Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous niobium-doped silica molecular sieves (1997)

Hexagonally-packed mesoporous Nb-doped silica molecular sieves were hydrothermally synthesized with various siliceous sources and dopant concentration levels. The microstructure of mesoporous materials was characterized by a variety of physico-chemical methods. The pore packing order of the Nb-doped material depended strongly on the synthesis conditions such as aging temperature, pH of reaction mixture, surfactantto-Si ratio, and dopant concentration. Different silica precursors gave rise to different reactivity with the Nb dopants and interactions with the surfactants. The pore size and surface area of the materials can be systematically varied. The chemical environment of the Nb dopants in the silica framework was studied by XPS, EPR, PA-FTIR, UV-Vis, and 29Si MAS NMR. The results indicated that the Nb5+ ions were well dispersed in the framework of the mesoporous silica. The diffuse-reflectance UV-Vis spectrum of the mesoporous Nb-doped silica is red-shifted with respect to pure mesoporous silica. The 29Si MAS NMR spectrum contained a broad component at about −105 ppm, which may have been attributed to the presence of Nb-O-Si bonding in the mesostructure.
The added value of f-TAPSE in the surveillance of pregnancies complicated by fetal and placental tumors (2017)

f-TAPSE may serve as a complementary tool for assessing tumors associated hyper-dynamic state and early diagnosis of cardiac decompensation. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of Fibrinogen Levels on Angiographic Progression and 12-Year Survival in the Armed Forces Regression Study (2010)

We assessed the role of fibrinogen levels on angiographic progression and long-term survival among 111 patients with coronary disease enrolled in the Armed Forces Regression Study (AFREGS). Baseline fibrinogen levels and quantitative coronary angiography were performed initially and at 30 months. Progression or nonregression of coronary disease was more prevalent in patients with high fibrinogen than patients with normal fibrinogen (66.1% vs 45.5%; P = .022). Twelve-year cardiovascular (CV) mortality was substantially higher if fibrinogen was elevated (17.9% vs 3.6%, P = .016). Among patients with elevated fibrinogen and angiographic progression or nonregression, there were 10 deaths and all were CV. Elevated levels of fibrinogen predict the angiographic progression of existing coronary disease and likelihood of CV death. Among patients with elevated levels of fibrinogen, angiographic progression identifies a significantly increased likelihood of a fatal CV event.