gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed C-Means Clustering Via Broadcast-Only Token Passing (2020)

This paper provides an implementation of the C-means algorithm in an asynchronous and distributed fashion; specifically, we consider a network of agents, each provided with a piece of information (e.g., data acquired via sensors) and we partition the agents in not mutually exclusive sets such that agents in the same set have similar information; moreover, each set of agents calculates a representative value for the group. Previous distributed algorithms that aimed at accomplishing this task have nontrivial demands, in that they require point-to-point communication capabilities among the agents, which may need to exchange large amounts of data in order to execute their computations. Within the proposed approach, instead, the agents need no prior knowledge about their neighbors and can simply communicate using broadcasts. The proposed solution consists in organizing data transmission following a token-passing approach, thus limiting the communication effort with respect to synchronous distributed implementations; furthermore, the token-passing phase is implemented via the broadcast-only communication, thus avoiding the requirements of the point-to-point communication. As shown via simulations, the latter feature is obtained at the cost of a modest increase in data transmission with respect to a traditional point-to-point token-passing scheme.
Dissipative Kerr soliton states in hybridized microresonator modes (2018)

We experimentally demonstrate that the formation of dissipative Kerr soliton states can be achieved in hybridized microresonator modes by exploring their strong local anomalous group velocity dispersion, enabling arbitrary center wavelength operation.
P2–290: In–VIVO detection of thalamic amyloid plaques by MRI in a large population of APP/PS1 mice (2006)

Thalamic plaques from transgenic mice modelling amyloidosis are more easily detected by in–vivo MRI than cortical plaques (Jack CR, Jr., MRM, 2004; Vanhoutte G, MRM, 2005). To further evaluate the characteristics of these plaques, we studied their occurrence on in–vivo/post–mortem MRI from a large population of APP/PS1 mice that were subsequently processed for neuropathological examination. In–vivo MRI exams from 32 APP/PS1 (27–103 weeks) and 36 amyloid–free PS1 (27–104 weeks) mice were recorded (T2*–weighted gradient echo sequence; TR=47.4ms, TE=20ms, Alpha=15°, resolution =234x117x117μm3, 4.7T spectrometer). In addition, post–mortem MRIs were performed on 32 APP/PS1 and 26 PS1 mice (TR=100ms, TE=20ms, alpha=15°, resolution=63x47x59μm3). Brain tissues were thereafter stained for amyloid plaques, iron and calcium deposition (Congo red, PERLS–DAB, and Alizarin red stains). Two categories of APP/PS1 animals were isolated on the basis of in–vivo images. Some animals (13 out of 32), displayed thalamic spots while the other ones, some of which were very old, did not display any spot. In–vivo images from only two (out of 36) PS1 mice revealed very small hypointense thalamic spots. Post–mortem MRI confirmed the occurrence of thalamic spots with greater sensitivity. For APP/PS1 mice, no linear relationship could be found between the age of the animals and the size of the spots. Registration of MR and histological sections showed that the spots detected on MRI corresponded to amyloid deposits containing dense iron–calcic aggregates. A positive correlation was noted between the size of the spots detected on post–mortem images and the overall amyloid load in the thalamus. Due to lower spatial resolution, in–vivo measurements of spot sizes did not significantly correlate with regional amyloid loads. Thalamic plaques associated with mineralized iron–calcic aggregates can be detected by in–vivo MRI, but only in a subpopulation of APP/PS1 mice. Considering these thalamic lesions as putative surrogate markers will be discussed. “Federation for Brain Research”; Del–Duca Foundation; “Neuroscience ACI research program” (French Minister for Research). Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (Spain): grant PR2002–0261. Dirección General de Investigación (Spain):grant BMC2002–00996. We thank the Sanofi–Aventis Neurodegenerative Disease Group for the generous gift of the animals involved in this study.
Identification of a presymptomatic molecular phenotype in Hdh CAG knock-in mice (2002)

The hallmark striatal neurodegeneration of Huntington's disease (HD) is first triggered by a dominant property of the expanded glutamine tract in mutant huntingtin that increases in severity with glutamine size. Indeed 111-glutamine murine huntingtin leads to a dominant cascade of phenotypes in Hdh(Q111) mice, although these abnormalities are not manifest in Hdh(Q50) mice, with 50-glutamine mutant protein. Therefore, to identify phenotypes that might reflect events closer to the fundamental trigger mechanism, and that can be measured as a consequence of adult-onset HD mutant huntingtin, we have screened for altered expression of genes conserved in evolution, which are likely to encode essential proteins. Probes generated from Hdh(Q111) homozygote and wild-type striatal RNAs were hybridized to human gene segments on filter arrays, disclosing a mutant-specific increase in hybridization to Rrs1, encoding a ribosomal protein. Subsequent, quantitative RT-PCR assays demonstrated increased Rrs1 mRNA from 3 weeks of age in homozygous and heterozygous Hdh(Q111) striatum and increased Rrs1 mRNA expression with a single copy's worth of 50-glutamine mutant huntingtin in Hdh(Q50) striatum. Moreover, quantitative RT-PCR assays for the human homologue demonstrated elevated Rrs1 mRNA in HD compared with control postmortem brain. These findings, therefore, support a chronic impact of mutant huntingtin on an essential ribosomal regulatory gene to be investigated for its role very early in HD pathogenesis.
Characteristics of an optical fiber for high-power excimer lasers (1995)

KrF excimer laser (248 nm) is expected to be the new therapeutic instrument in the medical field. However, there is still not the optical fiber which has enough durability for the high power energy of KrF excimer laser. We have developed the optical fiber for transmitting the light of the high power KrF excimer laser. This fiber consists of the pure silica core with a large amount of OH, and also has been specially treated during fabrication. As a result, the newly developed fiber has achieved to transmit the light of KrF excimer laser efficiently.
Cortical morphology, epileptiform discharges, and neuropsychological performance in BECTS (2018)

A region of cortex where right CTS may originate was thinner in BECTS compared to children without BECTS. Typically developing children with faster processing speed had thicker cortices in regions supporting visuomotor integration, motor, and executive function, but this relationship was not observed in BECTS. These results suggest that BECTS is associated with atypical cortical morphology that may underlie poorer neuropsychological performance.
The isolation and characterization of inflammatory polypeptides from Staphylococcus epidermidis (1998)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1998
Plant Dispersal in a Temperate Stream by Fish Species With Contrasting Feeding Habits: The Role of Plant Traits, Fish Diet, Season, and Propagule Availability (2019)

Whether fish mediate plant dispersal in temperate freshwaters is largely unknown. A prerequisite for successful dispersal is ingestion and surviving the journey in the intestinal tract. This study asks whether plant propagules are being ingested under field conditions and what factors shape dispersal potential, focusing on differences across plant species and propagule form (seed or fragment), seasonal differences and plant and fish traits that facilitate dispersal. We focused on three common fish species reported to differ in foraging strategy. Fish were caught monthly over a one-year period in a Dutch lowland stream. Before they were returned to the stream, fish were kept in water for 26 h and their faeces were collected, resulting in 150 faecal samples. Excreted animal remains and plant propagules were identified and enumerated. Plant propagules were tested for viability. In total, 88,579 vegetative fragments of vascular plants, 316 of mosses and 14 of charophytes were identified. Viability was low (<<1%) except for mosses (53.5%). Roach (Rutilis rutilis) and Rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus) displayed a preference for filamentous algae and certain plant species (i.e. Elodea nuttallii and Lemna sp.), likely because they were more palatable. Of the 1787 generative propagules of vascular plants that were identified, 120 germinated (6.7%), representing 15 species. Betula pendula, Juncus effusus and Poa trivialis were most abundant. Tench (Tinca tinca) egested most seeds, despite being the least herbivorous species. Particularly, germination was high for seeds that were light (<1.07 mg) and that floated for a long time. Our results show that fish do ingest plant propagules under field conditions and that fish can contribute to vegetative dispersal of vascular plants and several aquatic and riparian moss species. Ingestion of propagules is affected by water temperature and season, their availability in the propagule bank, and their palatability. Both seed traits (related to buoyancy, size and hardness) and fish traits (related to size and identity) were important. Despite substantial dietary overlap, the three fish species displayed subtle differences in their diet, and together can act as vectors for the dispersal of a range of plant and moss species of freshwater systems.
Bestimmende Faktoren für die Biegewechselfestigkeit laserstrahlgehärteter glatter Proben aus Stahl C70 W2 (1989)

Article Bestimmende Faktoren für die Biegewechselfestigkeit laserstrahlgehärteter glatter Proben aus Stahl C70 W2 was published on May 1, 1989 in the journal HTM Journal of Heat Treatment and Materials (volume 44, issue 3).
Fluctuation-Enhanced Sensing for Biological Agent Detection and Identification (2011)

We survey and show our earlier results about three different ways of fluctuation-enhanced sensing of bio agent, 1) the phage-based method for bacterium detection published earlier; 2) sensing and evaluating the odors of microbes; and 3) spectral and amplitude distribution analysis of noise in light scattering to identify spores based on their diffusion coefficient.
<i>ApoE</i> Modifier Alleles for Alzheimer's Disease Discovered by Information Theory Dependency Measures: MIST Software Package (2022)

Information theory-based measures of variable dependency (previously published) have been implemented into a software package, MIST. The design of the software and its potential uses are described, and a demonstration is presented in the discovery of modifier alleles of the <i>ApoE</i> gene in affecting Alzheimer's disease (AD) by analyzing the UK Biobank dataset. The modifier genes uncovered overlap strongly with genes found to be associated with AD. Others include many known to influence AD. We discuss a range of uses of the dependency calculations using MIST that can uncover additional genetic effects in similar complex datasets, like higher degrees of interaction and phenotypic pleiotropy.
Genitourinary Defects Associated with Genomic Deletions in 2p15 Encompassing OTX1 (2014)

Normal development of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a complex process that frequently goes awry. In male children the most frequent congenital GU anomalies are cryptorchidism (1-4%), hypospadias (1%) and micropenis (0.35%). Bladder exstrophy and epispadias complex (BEEC) (1∶47000) occurs less frequently but significantly impacts patients' lives. Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) identified seven individuals with overlapping deletions in the 2p15 region (66.0 kb-5.6 Mb). Six of these patients have GU defects, while the remaining patient has no GU defect. These deletions encompass the transcription factor OTX1. Subjects 2-7 had large de novo CNVs (2.39-6.31 Mb) and exhibited features similar to those associated with the 2p15p16.1 and 2p15p14 microdeletion syndromes, including developmental delay, short stature, and variable GU defects. Subject-1 with BEEC had the smallest deletion (66 kb), which deleted only one copy of OTX1. Otx1-null mice have seizures, prepubescent transient growth retardation and gonadal defects. Two subjects have short stature, two have seizures, and six have GU defects, mainly affecting the external genitalia. The presence of GU defects in six patients in our cohort and eight of thirteen patients reported with deletions within 2p14p16.1 (two with deletion of OTX1) suggest that genes in 2p15 are important for GU development. Genitalia defects in these patients could result from the effect of OTX1 on pituitary hormone secretion or on the regulation of SHH signaling, which is crucial for development of the bladder and genitalia.
Dynamic Load-Balanced Multicast for Data-Intensive Applications on Clouds (2010)

Data-intensive parallel applications on clouds need to deploy large data sets from the cloud's storage facility to all compute nodes as fast as possible. Many multicast algorithms have been proposed for clusters and grid environments. The most common approach is to construct one or more spanning trees based on the network topology and network monitoring data in order to maximize available bandwidth and avoid bottleneck links. However, delivering optimal performance becomes difficult once the available bandwidth changes dynamically. In this paper, we focus on Amazon EC2/S3 (the most commonly used cloud platform today) and propose two high performance multicast algorithms. These algorithms make it possible to efficiently transfer large amounts of data stored in Amazon S3 to multiple Amazon EC2 nodes. The three salient features of our algorithms are (1) to construct an overlay network on clouds without network topology information, (2) to optimize the total throughput dynamically, and (3) to increase the download throughput by letting nodes cooperate with each other. The two algorithms differ in the way nodes cooperate: the first `non-steal' algorithm lets each node download an equal share of all data, while the second `steal' algorithm uses work stealing to counter the effect of heterogeneous download bandwidth. As a result, all nodes can download files from S3 quickly, even when the network performance changes while the algorithm is running. We evaluate our algorithms on EC2/S3, and show that they are scalable and consistently achieve high throughput. Both algorithms perform much better than having each node downloading all data directly from S3.
Effect of Aluminum on Heat Flux from a Simulated Rocket Propellant Flame (2007)

Aluminum particles have been shown to enhance the performance in propellant systems by reacting and releasing significant chemical energy that contributes to the overall heat release. However, the heat transfer characteristics from a propellant to a target are not well understood. In this study, impinging flow geometries of a simulated propellant flame seeded with aluminum particles were investigated. Although the contribution of aluminum was the main focus of this study, inert powders of alumina-titania and yttria stabilized zirconia were also used to compare and quantify the heat flux contributions of reacting, melting, and nonmelting powders, respectively. An oxygen-acetylene torch seeded with aluminum, alumina-titania, or yttria stabilized zirconia was used to analyze the different heat transfer characteristics from each material. Copper coupons captured and quenched reacting particulates from the flame. A scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectroscopy and a differential scanning calorimeter were used to examine the degree of completion of aluminum oxidation. Results show that yttria stabilized zirconia experience a 1.9% increase in heat flux compared with gas-only flames. Flames seeded with alumina-titania showed an 80.2% increase in heat flux, whereas aluminum particles provide a 232.7% gain over gas-only flames. Results from the differential scanning calorimeter show that aluminum consumption percentages for flames with a 2.5 oxygen-fuel ratio are an average of 8.6% higher than those for a 1.5% oxygen-fuel ratio. The percent of aluminum consumed in the reaction generally increases with standoff distance.
Enhanced List-Based Group-Wise Overloaded Receiver with Application to\n Satellite Reception (2014)

The market trends towards the use of smaller dish antennas for TV satellite\nreceivers, as well as the growing density of broadcasting satellites in orbit\nrequire the application of robust adjacent satellite interference (ASI)\ncancellation algorithms at the receivers. The wider beamwidth of a small size\ndish and the growing number of satellites in orbit impose an overloaded\nscenario, i.e., a scenario where the number of transmitting satellites exceeds\nthe number of receiving antennas. For such a scenario, we present a two stage\nreceiver to enhance signal detection from the satellite of interest, i.e., the\nsatellite that the dish is pointing to, while reducing interference from\nneighboring satellites. Towards this objective, we propose an enhanced\nList-based Group-wise Search Detection (LGSD) receiver architecture that takes\ninto account the spatially correlated additive noise and uses the\nsignal-to-interference-plus noise ratio (SINR) maximization criterion to\nimprove detection performance. Simulations show that the proposed receiver\nstructure enhances the performance of satellite systems in the presence of ASI\nwhen compared to existing methods.\n
Behavior of bulk high-temperature superconductors of finite thickness subjected to crossed magnetic fields: Experiment and model (2007)

Crossed-magnetic-field effects on bulk high-temperature superconductors have been studied both experimentally and numerically. The sample geometry investigated involves finite-size effects along both (crossed-)magnetic-field directions. The experiments were carried out on bulk melt-processed Y-Ba-Cu-O single domains that had been premagnetized with the applied field parallel to their shortest direction (i.e., the $c$ axis) and then subjected to several cycles of the application of a transverse magnetic field parallel to the sample $ab$ plane. The magnetic properties were measured using orthogonal pickup coils, a Hall probe placed against the sample surface, and magneto-optical imaging. We show that all principal features of the experimental data can be reproduced qualitatively using a two-dimensional finite-element numerical model based on an $E\text{\ensuremath{-}}J$ power law and in which the current density flows perpendicularly to the plane within which the two components of magnetic field are varied. The results of this study suggest that the suppression of the magnetic moment under the action of a transverse field can be predicted successfully by ignoring the existence of flux-free configurations or flux-cutting effects. These investigations show that the observed decay in magnetization results from the intricate modification of current distribution within the sample cross section. The current amplitude is altered significantly only if a field-dependent critical current density ${J}_{\mathrm{c}}(B)$ is assumed. Our model is shown to be quite appropriate to describe the cross-flow effects in bulk superconductors. It is also shown that this model does not predict any saturation of the magnetic induction, even after a large number $(\ensuremath{\sim}100)$ of transverse field cycles. These features are shown to be consistent with the experimental data.
EFFECT OF FLAVOR ON PERCEIVED TEXTURE OF WHEY PROTEIN ISOLATE GELS (2010)

ABSTRACT This study investigated the role of flavor on trained panelist and consumer perception of texture properties. Whey protein isolate (WPI) gels were prepared with sodium chloride (25 mM) at different pH (pH 6.0 or 7.0), and calcium chloride concentrations (0 or 10 mM). The same gel treatments were produced with and without added flavor. Instrumental torsion analysis showed that flavor addition had no impact ( P &gt; 0.05) on fracture stress and strain. Texture properties of gels were evaluated by a trained descriptive panel and untrained consumers ( n = 60) for their perception of gel firmness, fracturability, juiciness, mouth coating and overall disliking. Distinct texture properties among the gels were documented by both trained panelists and consumers ( P &lt; 0.05). Flavor addition did not influence ( P &gt; 0.05) texture perception. Therefore, flavor addition does not impact panelist (trained or untrained) ability to evaluate textural differences in WPI gels. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Much current work is focused on understanding oral processing and the sensory perception of texture. Many studies have evaluated the influence of texture on flavor perception, and many of those that have looked at the effect of flavor on texture perception have not controlled for rheological differences in texture. As such, the influence of flavor on texture perception by trained panelists and/or untrained consumers is not well documented. A better understanding of these effects would (1) help researchers studying mastication behaviors and/or food texture to create more palatable, flavorful samples without compromising the textural integrity of their samples, and (2) help commercial food manufacturers more easily understand drivers of consumer liking when pursuing new product development or line extensions.
Tetra-2,3-pyrazinoporphyrazines with externally appended pyridine rings. 16. A rare class of uncharged water soluble complexes: UV-vis spectral, redox, and photochemical properties (2015)

The synthesis and physicochemical characterization of a new class of water soluble homo/heteropentanuclear porphyrazine complexes are described. The investigated compounds, prepared from the previously reported mononuclear species [ LM ]⋅x H 2 O (L = tetrakis-2,3-[5,6-di(2-pyridyl) pyrazino]porphyrazinato dianion; M = Mg II ( H 2 O ), Zn II , Cu II , Co II , Pd II , Pt II ; x = 3–8) in DMSO under mild experimental conditions, are represented as [{ Pd ( OAc ) 2 } 4 LM ]⋅x H 2 O (x = 11–22) and bear four Pd ( OAc ) 2 units, each externally coordinated at the vicinal pyridine N atoms of a single dipyridinopyrazine fragment of the porphyrazine macrocycle (py–py coordination). The newly synthesized compounds were examined by IR and magnetic susceptibility measurements in the solid state. Solution UV-visible spectral studies on all of the species were conducted in the low-donor organic solvents pyridine, dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide and in the water medium, whereas electrochemical measurements were performed in these media in the presence of tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (organic solvents) and KCl or NaOAc (water). Data on the photosensitizing activity for the generation of singlet oxygen, 1 O 2 , of interest in photodynamic therapy, were also obtained in dimethylformammide solution on the compounds [{ Pd ( OAc ) 2 } 4 LM ]( M = Mg II ( H 2 O ), Zn II , Pd II , Pt II ) and the measured Φ Δ values are presented and discussed. NMR spectral data on the complex [{ Pd ( OAc ) 2 } 4 LZn ] are also included and discussed.