gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A dual specificity kinase, DYRK1A, as a potential therapeutic target for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (2016)

Despite advances in clinical management, 5-year survival rate in patients with late-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has not improved significantly over the past decade. Targeted therapies have emerged as one of the most promising approaches to treat several malignancies. Though tyrosine phosphorylation accounts for a minority of total phosphorylation, it is critical for activation of signaling pathways and plays a significant role in driving cancers. To identify activated tyrosine kinase signaling pathways in HNSCC, we compared the phosphotyrosine profiles of a panel of HNSCC cell lines to a normal oral keratinocyte cell line. Dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) was one of the kinases hyperphosphorylated at Tyr-321 in all HNSCC cell lines. Inhibition of DYRK1A resulted in an increased apoptosis and decrease in invasion and colony formation ability of HNSCC cell lines. Further, administration of the small molecular inhibitor against DYRK1A in mice bearing HNSCC xenograft tumors induced regression of tumor growth. Immunohistochemical labeling of DYRK1A in primary tumor tissues using tissue microarrays revealed strong to moderate staining of DYRK1A in 97.5% (39/40) of HNSCC tissues analyzed. Taken together our results suggest that DYRK1A could be a novel therapeutic target in HNSCC.
The Politics of Organization (2016)

This article explores how the rulers have repeatedly modified the boundaries of public bureaucracies and the division of labour within the state since the early 1980s, either by creating agencies or by promoting mergers. This transformation of the organisational forms of the state is here considered as an original and rationalised technique of governmentality through which politicians, but also top bureaucrats and experts, try to intervene on the specialization of tasks, the distribution of power and public policies. The article first offers a large state of the art about scholars on agencification and mergers, and a critique of the main theories analysing these processes. It defends a political sociology approach that emphasizes four intertwined dimensions of the politics of organization and its manipulation of state architectures.
Simple technique for measuring optical properties of randomly-coupled multi-core fiber using OTDR (2020)

We present a theoretical model and propose a technique based on this model for measuring the mode field diameter, relative-index difference, and chromatic dispersion along a randomly-coupled multi-core fiber using an optical time domain reflectometer. Experimental investigations demonstrate the feasibility of the technique.
Aerosol-Assisted Synthesis of Magnetic Mesoporous Silica Spheres for Drug Targeting (2007)

Spherical silica-based mesoporous materials encapsulating magnetic nanoparticles have been synthesized following an aerosol-assisted route. The influence of nonionic surfactant P123 concentration in the structural and textural parameters has been investigated. Moreover, the effect of adding different amounts of magnetic nanoparticles to the precursor solution has been studied attending to structural, textural, and magnetic properties. The ability of these materials to achieve stability in aqueous solution at physiological pH, and their potential to be magnetically guided, have been evaluated. The microspheres adsorption and release performance have been tested by using ibuprofen as a model drug.
Differences in the immune response elicited by two immunization schedules with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in a randomized phase 3 clinical trial (2022)

NCT04651790.
Plasma‐Enhanced Nanoparticles‐Beam Deposition for High‐Rate Formation of Nanocomposite Films (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results and Discussion Summary
Ultrastructure and cytochemical staining characteristics of canine natural killer cells (1995)

Abstract Background : The purpose of this work was to describe the ultrastructure and cytochemical staining characteristics of canine peripheral blood lymphocytes with natural killer (NK) cell activity, with comparison made to non‐NK lymphocytes. Methods : Canine lymphocyte populations evaluated for ultrastructure, cytochemical staining, and NK function (by 51 chromium release assay) included: peripheral blood lymphocytes; lymphocytes from band 1 (NK‐enriched), band 2, and the pellet of a 45/50% percoll gradient; lymphocytes from the supernatant fluid (non‐conjugated lymphocytes) and pellet (lymphocytes conjugated to tumor cell targets) of a 17% percoll gradient; and null (CD4 − CD8 − ) and CD4 − CD8 + lymphocytes. Results : NK activity was concentrated in band 1 lymphocytes of the 45/50% percoll gradient with further enhancement of activity occurring in sorted null cells. Canine NK cells were 5.5 to 6.5 μm in diameter with a reniform (kidney bean shape) nucleus, and electron‐dense cytoplasmic granules. NK cells (percoll band 1 cells and null cells) had larger cell and nuclear area, and less round nuclei when compared to non‐NK lymphocytes. The overall cytochemical staining (chloracetate esterase, peroxidase, sudan black B, naphthyl acetate esterase, naphthyl butyrate esterase periodic acid‐Schiff stain, and acid phosphatase with and without tartrate) pattern was similar in all the lymphocyte populations evaluated. Conclusions : This work confirms the usefulness of a 45/50% percoll gradient in obtaining a NK‐enriched fraction of canine lymphocytes, and shows further enhancement of NK activity in sorted CD4 − CD8 − cells. The ultrastructure of canine NK cells is similar to that reported for human NK cells, but is different from that of other canine peripheral blood lymphocytes. Standard cytochemical staining does not discriminate canine NK cells from other lymphocytes. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phonon attenuation in amorphous solids studied by picosecond ultrasonics (1996)

We have used a picosecond optical technique to measure the attenuation \ensuremath{\alpha} of longitudinal-acoustic phonons in several disordered solids. We find a universal \ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\sim}${\ensuremath{\nu}}^{2}$ behavior for frequencies \ensuremath{\nu} up to 320 GHz and for temperatures between 80 and 300 K. Within this temperature range the phonon attenuation increases by a factor of between 2 and 3 with increasing temperature for the amorphous polymers poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(styrene), and poly(ethyl methacrylate), and for the metallic glass TiNi. We discuss our results in relation to current theories of high-frequency vibrations in glasses and thermal conduction. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Supplemental Table 2 Phosphokinase Array from Activation of PP2A and Inhibition of mTOR Synergistically Reduce MYC Signaling and Decrease Tumor Growth in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Results of the Phosphokinase Array with phosphorylation sites, fold change relative to vehicle, and Kmeans clustering.&lt;/p&gt;
Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct: A rare liver tumor complicated by malignancy (2017)

1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata University, 1‐757, Aasahimachi‐DoriChuo‐KuNiigataJapan *ADDRESS CORRESPONDENCE AND REPRINT REQUESTS TO:Kenya Kamimura, M.D., Ph.D.Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata University1‐757 Asahimachi–doriChuo–ku, Niigata, Niigata, 9518510, JapanE‐mail: [email protected]Tel: +81‐(25)‐227‐2207 †These authors contributed equally to this work.
Antioxidant systems in chick embryo development. Part 1. Vitamin E, carotenoids and selenium (2016)

Chick viability is known to be an important factor determining profitability of the poultry industry. Chick embryo tissues contain a high proportion of highly polyunsaturated fatty acids in the lipid fraction and therefore need antioxidant defence. The antioxidant system of the developing embryo and newly hatched chick includes the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), water-soluble antioxidants (ascorbic acid, taurine, carnitine, glutathione, etc.), fat-soluble antioxidants (vitamin E, carotenoids, coenzyme Q) as well as selenium (Se). In fact, the high levels of endogenous antioxidants within the egg and embryonic tissues can clearly serve as a major adaptive mechanism for the protection of the tissue during the oxidative stress experienced at hatching. It has been shown that among different nutrients in the maternal diet which could significantly affect chick embryo development and their viability in the early posthatch life, natural antioxidants have been suggested to play a central role. Our data indicate that increased supplementation of the maternal diet can substantially increase concentrations of vitamin E, carotenoids (especially canthaxanthin) and Se in developing chick tissues and significantly decrease susceptibility to lipid peroxidation being effective nutritional tools to deal with various commercial stresses in poultry production.
Developing Precision Medicine in a Global World (2014)

Advances in understanding the biology of cancer, as well as advances in diagnostic technologies, such as the advent of affordable high-resolution DNA sequencing, have had a major impact on the approach to identification of specific alterations in a given patient's cancer that could be used as a basis for treatment selection, and hence the development of companion diagnostics. Although there are now several examples of successful development of companion diagnostics that allow identification of patients who will achieve the greatest benefit from a new therapeutic, the path to coapproval of a diagnostic test along with a new therapeutic is complex and often inefficient. This review and the accompanying articles examine the current state of companion diagnostic development in the United States and Europe from academic, industry, regulatory, and economic perspectives. See all articles in this CCR Focus section, "The Precision Medicine Conundrum: Approaches to Companion Diagnostic Co-development."
Maladaptive defensive behaviours in monoamine oxidase A-deficient mice (2010)

Rich evidence indicates that monoamine oxidase (MAO) A, the major enzyme catalysing the degradation of monoamine neurotransmitters, plays a key role in emotional regulation. Although MAOA deficiency is associated with reactive aggression in humans and mice, the involvement of this enzyme in defensive behaviour remains controversial and poorly understood. To address this issue, we tested MAOA knockout (KO) mice in a spectrum of paradigms and settings associated with variable degrees of threat. The presentation of novel inanimate objects induced a significant reduction in exploratory approaches and increase in defensive behaviours, such as tail-rattling, biting and digging. These neophobic responses were context-dependent and particularly marked in the home cage. In the elevated plus- and T-mazes, MAOA KO mice and wild-type (WT) littermates displayed equivalent locomotor activity and time in closed and open arms; however, MAOA KO mice featured significant reductions in risk assessment, as well as unconditioned avoidance and escape. No differences between genotypes were observed in the defensive withdrawal and emergence test. Conversely, MAOA KO mice exhibited a dramatic reduction of defensive and fear-related behaviours in the presence of predator-related cues, such as predator urine or an anaesthetized rat, in comparison with those observed in their WT littermates. The behavioural abnormalities in MAOA KO mice were not paralleled by overt alterations in sensory and microvibrissal functions. Collectively, these results suggest that MAOA deficiency leads to a general inability to appropriately assess contextual risk and attune defensive and emotional responses to environmental cues.
Cellular Location and Characteristics of Peptidase Enzymes in Lactic Streptococci (1977)

Cell extracts from Streptococcus lactis C2 fractionated by differential centrifugalion possessed peptidases capable of hydrolyzing a variety of commercial dipeptides and were also active on whole casein as a substrate. Maximum dipeptidase activity for the soluble and ribosome-associated fractions was at pH 8.0 at 37 C. Particulate associated dipeptidase activity was maximal at pH 7.0 to 8.0. The soluble and ribosome-associated enzymes were most active on alanylglycine while leucyl peptides were the best substrates for the particulate fraction. Activity with glycyl peptides was negligible with all cellular fractions. The presence of whole casein in the growth medium suppressed particulate and ribosome activity and slightly stimulated soluble peptidase and proteinase activity.
Novel Rare-Earth Doped Chalcogenide Glasses for High-Brightness, Room-Temperature, Broad-Band Infrared Sources (1996)

For many infrared spectroscopic applications in the 3-5 μ m spectral region, a compact, fiber optic and fiber optically pumped source of infrared radiation is needed [1]. In many cases, the ultimate detection limit of an infrared chemical sensor can be improved by increasing the optical “brightness” or radiance (in Wcm −2 Sr −1 μ m) of the source, and not necessarily increasing the source’s total optical power. The radiance R bb of a black-body “glow-bar” source in the 3-5 μ m region is practically limited by the source’s temperature to around R bb ≃ 0.17 Wcm −2 Sr −1 μ m −1 (T=1100K, λ = 4.5 μ m.) Optically pumped fluorescent sources do not suffer from this limitation, and have several other important advantages over blackbody sources. These other advantages include remote location, compact size, insensitivity to electrical interference, room temperature operation, and non-reactivity with harsh or explosive environments.
Solution to the inverse problem regarding the location of substation’s grounding grid by using the derivative method (2018)

Location and topology of substation grounding grids are critical for its regular tests and safe operation. Schematic drawing of the grounding grid is prone to getting lost or damaged. As excavation is costly and time consuming, locating substation grounding grid is important. This paper proposes a novel method to locate substation grounding grid by using the derivative method and the concept of locating a geometrical object in polar coordinate system. Due to rectangular structure of grounding grid, its location can also be determined from the location of its single branch. Simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed method is feasible and accurate to solve the inverse problem regarding the location of substation grounding grid.
Determinants of resource utilization in the treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations. (2000)

Preoperative embolization in the treatment of AVMs is associated with higher cost but not more days in the hospital. Patients with higher Spetzler-Martin grade AVMs utilize more hospital resources, in part because they have poorer neurologic outcome, and postoperative deficits are associated with higher costs and more days in the hospital.
A quantitative PCR method to detect blood microRNAs associated with tumorigenesis in transgenic mice (2008)

MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation frequently occurs in cancer. Analysis of whole blood miRNA in tumor models has not been widely reported, but could potentially lead to novel assays for early detection and monitoring of cancer. To determine whether miRNAs associated with malignancy could be detected in the peripheral blood, we used real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR to determine miRNA profiles in whole blood obtained from transgenic mice with c-MYC-induced lymphoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and osteosarcoma. The PCR-based assays used in our studies require only 10 nanograms of total RNA, allowing serial mini-profiles (20 - 30 miRNAs) to be carried out on individual animals over time. Blood miRNAs were measured from mice at different stages of MYC-induced lymphomagenesis and regression. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of the data identified specific miRNA expression profiles that correlated with tumor type and stage. The miRNAs found to be altered in the blood of mice with tumors frequently reverted to normal levels upon tumor regression. Our results suggest that specific changes in blood miRNA can be detected during tumorigenesis and tumor regression.
Structural properties of chlorinated epitaxial<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">C</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>60</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>films (2001)

The interaction of chlorine gas with epitaxially grown ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ films was investigated by combined scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES). The STM measurements of chlorinated fullerene surfaces on ${\mathrm{VSe}}_{2}$ reveal an inhomogeneous ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ and chlorine coverage in an area up to 200 nm from the fullerene island edges but showed no influence to the fullerene (111) coordination in the inner regions of the layers. In accordance with the STM data the XPS spectra of C $1s$ and Cl $2p$ core levels, which were taken at different emission angles, provide evidence for chlorine aggregation on the fullerite surface. As valence band and XANES spectra show that all ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ features derived from the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals are preserved, a noncovalent interaction between fullerene and halogen can be concluded. As monitored by STM subsequent fullerene deposition on the chlorinated samples prove the perturbed island areas to serve as growth seeds so that a chlorine incorporation into the fullerite lattice can be achieved by an alternating preparation sequence.
Intermittent Communication (2013)

We formulate a model for intermittent communication that can capture bursty transmissions or a sporadically available channel, where in either case the receiver does not know a priori when the transmissions will occur. Focusing on the point-to-point case, we develop a decoding structure, decoding from pattern detection, and its achievable rate for such communication scenarios. Decoding from pattern detection first detects the locations of codeword symbols and then uses them to decode. We introduce the concept of partial divergence and study some of its properties in order to obtain stronger achievability results. As the system becomes more intermittent, the achievable rates decrease due to the additional uncertainty about the positions of the codeword symbols at the decoder. Additionally, we provide upper bounds on the capacity of binary noiseless intermittent communication with the help of a genie-aided encoder and decoder. The upper bounds imply a tradeoff between the capacity and the intermittency rate of the communication system, even if the receive window scales linearly with the codeword length.
Improving CAT Tools in the Translation Workflow: New Approaches and\n Evaluation (2019)

This paper describes strategies to improve an existing web-based\ncomputer-aided translation (CAT) tool entitled CATaLog Online. CATaLog Online\nprovides a post-editing environment with simple yet helpful project management\ntools. It offers translation suggestions from translation memories (TM),\nmachine translation (MT), and automatic post-editing (APE) and records detailed\nlogs of post-editing activities. To test the new approaches proposed in this\npaper, we carried out a user study on an English--German translation task using\nCATaLog Online. User feedback revealed that the users preferred using CATaLog\nOnline over existing CAT tools in some respects, especially by selecting the\noutput of the MT system and taking advantage of the color scheme for TM\nsuggestions.\n
COmBAT: Cross-layer Based testbed with Analysis Tool implemented using software defined radios (2016)

In this paper, we discuss the implementation of a CrOss-layer Based testbed with Analysis Tool (COmBAT). COmBAT is developed to enable the design and development process of next-generation cross-layer based wireless communication technologies for tactical ad-hoc networks. The COmBAT architecture comprises of two major components; (i) Adaptive cross-layer (AXL) framework implemented on each node in the testbed and (ii) NEtwork Analyzing Tool (NEAT) that provides a graphical interface for users to track and analyze network metrics as well as provide a single seat control over the network parameters on-the-fly. In this paper, we discuss the design and implementation of these components in detail and demonstrate its feasibility by implementing three cross-layer based algorithms on COmBAT using a nine node ad-hoc network. The results validate the modularity and adaptability of COmBAT and demonstrate how COmBAT can be used to develop as well as refine current and future cross-layer algorithms providing a feasibility study that lends itself to the transition of theoretical network research from testbed to relevant military hardware.
Photo-cleavage of cobalt–carbon bonds of alkylcobalt(<scp>III</scp>) complexes by iodine with large quantum yields (1989)

Cobalt–carbon bonds of alkylcobalt(III) complexes are readily cleaved by iodine in carbon tetrachloride to yield alkyl iodides via photoinduced electron-transfer radical chain reactions with large quantum yields (e.g., Φ= 7.0 × 103) under low energy irradiation (λ 509 nm).
2,3-Dihydro and carbocyclic analogs of tryptamines: interaction with serotonin receptors (1982)

Several dihydro and carbocyclic analogues of tryptamine were evaluated in order to determine the role of the heterocyclic portion of the indole nucleus on the interaction of indolealkylamines with the serotonin receptors of the rat fundus. Reduction of the C2--C3 double bond or replacement of the indole nitrogen with an sp3-hybridized carbon atom results in a 50% decrease in receptor affinity. Complete removal of the five-membered ring of N,N-dimethyltryptamine reduces affinity by an order of magnitude. It appears that an intact indole nucleus, though not entirely necessary, results in an optimal receptor interaction for the indolealkylamines examined.
A novel mouse model of hemangiopericytoma due to loss of Tsc2 (2018)

Hemangiopericytoma (HPC) is a rare vascular tumor, which is thought to originate from pericytes. However, no direct evidence for the cell of origin has been found, and the mechanism of HPC tumorigenesis is poorly understood. Here we report that loss of the tumor suppressor gene Tsc2 in pericytes using a FoxD1 promoter driven cre allele (Foxd1tm1(GFP/cre) Amc, FoxD1GC) leads to the formation of HPC in multiple sites. Tsc2ffFoxD1GC mice had stunted growth with seizures and tail and hind limb tremor with a median survival of 110 days. They also showed recombination in brain, spinal cord, tongue, liver, intestine and skeletal muscle. Distinctive perivascular tumors consisting of cells with oval nuclei and scant cytoplasm were identified in multiple sites in all Tsc2ffFoxD1GC mice. Immunohistochemistry staining showed a high expression of phospho-S6-S240/244, a hallmark of activated mTORC1, as well as pericyte markers NG2 and vimentin in these tumors. In summary, we demonstrate that loss of Tsc2 in pericytes generates HPC, the first mouse model of HPC reported.