gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Circulating hydroxy fatty acids in I (neutrophil aggregation/lipoxygenase/icosanoids/colchicine) (2016)

Episodes of fever, serositis, and arthritis in familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) suggested circulating me- diators of acute inflammation (e.g., neutrophil activation). The mean serum neutrophil-aggregating activity of 51 FMF patients was 2.5 ? 0.2 cm2/min, compared to 1.0 ? 0.1 cm2/min in 20 normal controls (P < 0.0002). Lipid extracts of FMF sera retained neutrophil-aggregating activity and had UV absorbance peaks at 269 and 279 nm, indicating the pres- ence of lipids with a conjugated triene structure. Chromatog- raphy of extracts yielded peaks that were coeluted with refer- ence dihydroxyicosatetraenoic acids, had UV absorbance peaks at 259, 269, and 279 nm, and possessed neutrophil-ag- gregating activity. The presence of leukotriene B4 was exclud- ed by chromatography following methyl-esterification. Monohydroxy compounds identified in FMF extracts by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry included 5-hydroxyicosa- tetraenoic acid, and 9- and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids. Hydroxy acids were present in 19 of 31 FMF sera and absent in extracts of sera from 8 patients with active systemic lupus ery- thematosus, 7 with fever from infection, and 12 normal con- trols. The finding of circulating mono- and dihydroxy fatty acids in FMF suggests that defects in the formation or elimina- tion of these compounds might play a role in the pathogenesis of FMF.
A Psychographical Clustering of Consumers by the Food Attitude: Influence on their Pork Buying Intention (2017)

The domestic food market has grown up to enter maturation stage with extensively diverse segments. In order for a product to survive in this “red-ocean” market, it should have a specific appeal to consumers with various psychological-attitudes. Thus, the current study aimed to segment the Japanese consumers according to their psychographical-characteristics toward foods, and evaluate their effects on the consumption motives of each segmented consumer groups. An on-line questionnaire-based survey targeting on married females revealed four distinct clusters with different food attitudes: 1) spending a lot of money on food 2) saving money and taking simple-food, 3) saving money but enjoying food life, and 4) treasuring time with their family but having simple-food. Further the four consumer groups exhibited different consumption motives on pork employing MANOVA. Based on these results, we suggest that consumer segmentation based on psychographical-characteristics would be valuable approach to produce food marketing strategies.
Massive MIMO as enabler for communications with drone swarms (2016)

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is an emerging technology for mobile communications, where a large number of antennas are employed at the base station to simultaneously serve multiple single-antenna terminals with very high capacity. In this paper, we study the potentials and challenges of utilizing massive MIMO for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) communication. We consider a scenario where multiple single-antenna UAVs simultaneously communicate with a ground station (GS) equipped with a large number of antennas. Specifically, we discuss the achievable uplink (UAV to GS) capacity performance in the case of line-of-sight (LoS) conditions. We also study the type of antenna polarization that should be used in order to maintain a reliable communication link between the GS and the UAVs. The results obtained using a realistic geometric model show that massive MIMO is a potential enabler for high-capacity UAV networks.
A specific circuit in the midbrain detects stress and induces restorative sleep (2022)

In mice, social defeat stress (SDS), an ethological model for psychosocial stress, induces sleep. Such sleep could enable resilience, but how stress promotes sleep is unclear. Activity-dependent tagging revealed a subset of ventral tegmental area γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-somatostatin (VTA<i><sup>Vgat-Sst</sup></i>) cells that sense stress and drive non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and REM sleep through the lateral hypothalamus and also inhibit corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) release in the paraventricular hypothalamus. Transient stress enhances the activity of VTA<i><sup>Vgat-Sst</sup></i> cells for several hours, allowing them to exert their sleep effects persistently. Lesioning of VTA<i><sup>Vgat-Sst</sup></i> cells abolished SDS-induced sleep; without it, anxiety and corticosterone concentrations remained increased after stress. Thus, a specific circuit allows animals to restore mental and body functions by sleeping, potentially providing a refined route for treating anxiety disorders.
P14-15 LB. The safety and immunogenicity of HIV-1 vaccines based on DNA and replication competent vaccinia vector in phase I clinical trial (2009)

Methods HIV-1 CN54 gag, pol and env genes were constructed into DNA and rTV vectors. 48 healthy participants were either inoculated with rTV (5 × 104 pfu, skin scratches) or DNA vaccine (2 mg, 4 mg, i.m.) alone, in combination, or placed on the placebo. The participants were monitored up to 36 weeks for clinical symptoms and laboratory tests. Vaccine induced immunogenicity were measured by ELIspot, ICS, and antibody assays.
Fracture Resistance of Simulated Immature Teeth Reinforced with Different Mineral Aggregate-Based Materials (2021)

This study assessed the fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth reinforced with calcium aluminate cement (CAC) or mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) containing calcium carbonate nanoparticles (nano-CaCO3). The microstructural arrangement of the cements and their chemical constitution were also evaluated. Forty-eight canines simulating immature teeth were distributed into 6 groups (n=8): Negative control - no apical plug or root canal filling; CAC - apical plug with CAC; CAC/nano-CaCO3 - apical plug with CAC+5% nano-CaCO3; MTA - apical plug with MTA; MTA/nano-CaCO3 - apical plug with MTA+5% nano-CaCO3; and Positive control - root canal filling with MTA. The fracture resistance was evaluated in a universal testing machine. Samples of the cements were analyzed under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to determine their microstructural arrangement. Chemical analysis of the cements was performed by Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The fracture resistance of CAC/nano-CaCO3 was significantly higher than the negative control (p<0.05). There was no significant difference among the other groups (p>0.05). Both cements had a more regular microstructure with the addition of nano-CaCO3. MTA samples had more calcium available in soluble forms than CAC. The addition of nano-CaCO3 to CAC increased the fracture resistance of teeth in comparison with the non-reinforced teeth. The microstructure of both cements containing nano-CaCO3 was similar, with a more homogeneous distribution of lamellar- and prismatic-shaped crystals. MTA had more calcium available in soluble forms than CAC.
Batch fabrication of nanopatterned graphene devices via nanoimprint lithography (2017)

Previous attempts to tune the electrical properties of large-scale graphene via nanopatterning have led to serious degradation of the key electrical parameters that make graphene a desirable material for electronic devices. We use thermal nanoimprint lithography to pattern wafer-scale graphene on a 4-in. wafer with prefabricated 25 mm2 devices. The nanopatterning process introduces a modest decrease in carrier mobility and only a minor change in residual doping. Due to the rapid fabrication time of approximately 90 min per wafer, this method has potential for large-scale industrial production. The chemiresistive gas sensing response towards NO2 was assessed in humid synthetic air and dry air, with devices showing a response to 50 ppb of NO2 only when nanopatterned.
Cascaded Forward Brillouin Scattering in a Chalcogenide Microsphere (2022)

We report cascaded forward Brillouin scattering in the near-infrared region at 70 nW threshold on an As 2 S 3 chalcogenide microsphere.
Networking and InformationTheory (2011)

The source and network models we discussed so far capture many essential ingredients of real-world communication networks, including
Emerging Frontiers: The Arctic Frontier (2013)

President's column One of the oil and gas industry’s most talked about emerging frontiers—but perhaps least understood in terms of familiar metrics—is the Arctic region. The Arctic refers to a portion of the globe above 66.5o N latitude that is roughly the size of Africa. Encompassing about 6% of the Earth’s surface, the Arctic consists of about one-third land, one-third continental shelf, and one-third waters deeper than 500 m (Budzick. 2009). The Arctic contains portions of eight countries: Canada, Denmark (Greenland), Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden, and the United States. I cannot imagine any other region on Earth this large that has had so few efforts to explore for, develop, and produce hydrocarbons. Arctic History Indigenous people of the Arctic have known for centuries about oil seeps along the coastal plains, and even used pitch as a sealant on canoes. Back in 1789, oil seeps along the Mackenzie River, located within Canada, were reported by Russian settlers in Alaska (Bishop. 2011). Shell geologists first investigated Alaska’s oil potential in 1918. Sub-arctic oil was first discovered in Canada’s Northwest Territories in the 1920s. Russian geoscientists began exploring northern Siberia during World War II, and made their first major oil and gas discoveries there in the early 1960s (Bishop. 2011). The first US federal lease sale on Alaska’s North Slope was held in 1958, and the first offshore lease sale in the Beaufort Sea in 1979. From the 1960s through the late 1980s, oil was discovered at Prudhoe Bay, gas was discovered in the Barents Sea, and the first exploration wells were drilled in the US Chukchi Sea. After a period of inactivity due to low oil prices, exploration resumed in Canada’s Mackenzie Delta region in 2000, and in the US portion of the Beaufort Sea in 2005. The 5-month 2010 US moratorium on new deepwater drilling had an adverse impact on US Arctic drilling activity, and political and environmental opposition to Arctic exploration has been tougher since the moratorium was lifted, both in the US and elsewhere. Nevertheless, due to growing demand and declining production from mature oil fields worldwide, international operators and governments have been initiating new Arctic exploration activities. This past summer, Norway opened a new area in the southeastern Barents Sea to offshore drilling. The service sector is following. Schlumberger and Baker Hughes, for example, opened new bases in the Norwegian town of Hammerfest, on the 71st parallel. Size of the Prize Any estimate of Arctic hydrocarbon resources suffers from considerable uncertainty, due to the limited amount of data from wells drilled throughout this enormous region. In 2008, the US Geological Survey completed the Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal. The study estimated total undiscovered conventional hydrocarbon resources of 90 billion bbl of oil, 1,669 Tcf of natural gas, and 44 billion bbl of natural gas liquids—a total of 412 billion BOE. That constitutes about 30% of the world’s undiscovered gas and 13% of the undiscovered oil (Bishop. 2011).
Sustaining the silicon revolution: from 3D transistors to 3D integration (Presentation Recording) (2015)

Steady advancement in integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing and design over the past five decades has resulted in the proliferation of information technology, with dramatic impact on virtually every aspect of life in modern society. Today, three-dimensional (3D) transistor structures are being adopted in the most advanced processes to facilitate continued transistor miniaturization for increased functional density and lower cost per function. 3D integration represents a complementary approach for increasing functional density, and will become predominant as practical limits for transistor scaling are reached. This paper will discuss fundamental challenges for transistor scaling and for cost-effective 3D integration to sustain the growth of the semiconductor industry beyond the next decade. © (2015) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
GSK3 inhibition rescues growth and telomere dysfunction in dyskeratosis congenita iPSC-derived type II alveolar epithelial cells (2022)

Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by deficiencies in telomere maintenance leading to very short telomeres and the premature onset of certain age-related diseases, including pulmonary fibrosis (PF). PF is thought to derive from epithelial failure, particularly that of type II alveolar epithelial (AT2) cells, which are highly dependent on Wnt signaling during development and adult regeneration. We use human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived AT2 (iAT2) cells to model how short telomeres affect AT2 cells. Cultured DC mutant iAT2 cells accumulate shortened, uncapped telomeres and manifest defects in the growth of alveolospheres, hallmarks of senescence, and apparent defects in Wnt signaling. The GSK3 inhibitor, CHIR99021, which mimics the output of canonical Wnt signaling, enhances telomerase activity and rescues the defects. These findings support further investigation of Wnt agonists as potential therapies for DC-related pathologies.
Nonparametric dominant point detection (1991)

A new method for detecting dominant points is presented. It does not require any input parameter, and the dominant points obtained by this method remain relatively the same even when the object curve is scaled or rotated. In this method, for each boundary point, a support region is assigned to the point based on its local properties. Each point is then smoothed by a Gaussian filter with a width proportional to its determined support region. A significance measure for each point is then compared. Dominant points are finally obtained through nonmaximum suppression. Unlike other dominant point detection algorithms which are sensitive to scaling and rotation of the object curve, the new method will overcome this difficulty. Furthermore, it is robust in the presence of noise. The proposed new method is compared to a well-known dominant point detection algorithm in terms of the computational complexity and the approximation errors.
Nucleotide sequence of the androgen‐dependent arginine esterase mRNA of canine prostate (1988)

The nucleotide sequence of canine prostate arginine esterase mRNA was determined using a 400 bp cDNA clone and primer-extended cDNA transcripts for the 5'-coding and noncoding regions. The mRNA contains 864 nucleotides encoding a protein of 236 amino acids preceded by 24 amino acids which constitutes both the signal and the zymogen peptides. The sequence indicates the presence of one potential glycosylation site. A high degree of homology was found between the canine enzyme and other members of the kallikrein family including human prostate specific antigen. The protein appears to be specified by a single gene.
Concurrent Optical- and Magnetic-Stimulation-Induced Changes on Wound Healing Parameters, Analyzed by Hyperspectral Imaging: An Exploratory Case Series (2023)

The effects of concurrent optical and magnetic stimulation (COMS) therapy on wound-healing-related parameters, such as tissue oxygenation and water index, were analyzed by hyperspectral imaging: an exploratory case series. <b>Background</b>: Oedema and inadequate perfusion have been identified as key factors in delayed wound healing and have been linked to reduced mitochondrial respiration. Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction is a promising approach in the treatment of therapy refractory wounds. This sub-study aimed to investigate the effects of concurrent optical and magnetic stimulation (COMS) on oedema and perfusion through measuring tissue oxygenation and water index, using hyperspectral imaging. <b>Patients and methods</b>: In a multi-center, prospective, comparative clinical trial, eleven patients with chronic leg and foot ulcers were treated with COMS additively to Standard of Care (SOC). Hyperspectral images were collected during patient visits before and after treatment to assess short- and long-term hemodynamic and immunomodulatory effects through changes in tissue oxygenation and water index. <b>Results</b>: The average time for wound onset in the eleven patients analyzed was 183 days, with 64% of them being considered unresponsive to SOC. At week 12, the rate of near-complete and complete wound closure was 64% and 45%, respectively. COMS therapy with SOC resulted in an increased short-term tissue oxygenation over the 8-week treatment phase, with oxygen levels decreasing in-between patient visits. The study further found a decrease in tissue water content after the therapy, with a general accumulation of water levels in-between patient visits. This study's long-term analysis was hindered by the lack of absolute values in hyperspectral imaging and the dynamic nature of patient parameters during visits, resulting in high interpatient and intervisit variability. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study showed that COMS therapy as an adjunct to SOC had a positive short-term effect on inflammation and tissue oxygenation in chronic wounds of various etiologies. These results further supported the body of evidence for safety and effectiveness of COMS therapy as a treatment option, especially for stagnant wounds that tended to stay in the inflammatory phase and required efficient phase transition towards healing.
Development and implementation of a customised rapid syndromic diagnostic test for severe pneumonia (2021)

<b>Background:</b> The diagnosis of pneumonia has been hampered by a reliance on bacterial cultures which take several days to return a result, and are frequently negative. In critically ill patients this leads to the use of empiric, broad-spectrum antimicrobials and compromises good antimicrobial stewardship. The objective of this study was to establish the performance of a syndromic molecular diagnostic approach, using a custom TaqMan array card (TAC) covering 52 respiratory pathogens, and assess its impact on antimicrobial prescribing. <b>Methods:</b> The TAC was validated against a retrospective multi-centre cohort of broncho-alveolar lavage samples. The TAC was assessed prospectively in patients undergoing investigation for suspected pneumonia, with a comparator cohort formed of patients investigated when the TAC laboratory team were unavailable. Co-primary outcomes were sensitivity compared to conventional microbiology and, for the prospective study, time to result. Metagenomic sequencing was performed to validate findings in prospective samples. Antibiotic free days (AFD) were compared between the study cohort and comparator group. <b>Results:</b> 128 stored samples were tested, with sensitivity of 97% (95% confidence interval (CI) 88-100%). Prospectively, 95 patients were tested by TAC, with 71 forming the comparator group. TAC returned results 51 hours (interquartile range 41-69 hours) faster than culture and with sensitivity of 92% (95% CI 83-98%) compared to conventional microbiology. 94% of organisms identified by sequencing were detected by TAC. There was a significant difference in the distribution of AFDs with more AFDs in the TAC group (p=0.02). TAC group were more likely to experience antimicrobial de-escalation (odds ratio 2.9 (95%1.5-5.5)). <b>Conclusions:</b> Implementation of a syndromic molecular diagnostic approach to pneumonia led to faster results, with high sensitivity and impact on antibiotic prescribing.
Inhibition Mode of a Bisubstrate Inhibitor of KDO8P Synthase:  A Frequency-Selective REDOR Solid-State and Solution NMR Characterization (2003)

In this report the mode of inhibition of mechanism-based inhibitor (2, K(i) = 0.4 microM) of 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonate-8-phosphate synthase (KDO8PS), which was designed to mimic the combined key features of its natural substrates arabinose-5-phosphate (A5P) and phoshoenolpyruvate (PEP) into a single molecule, was investigated. Our earlier solid-state NMR observations identified the inhibitor to bind in a way that partly mimics A5P, while the phosphonate moiety of its PEP-mimicking part exhibits no interactions with enzyme residues. This result was apparently in disagreement with the competitive inhibition of 2 against PEP and with the later solved crystal structure of KDO8PS-2 binary complex identifying the interactions of its PEP-mimicking part with the enzyme residues that were not detected by solid-state NMR. To solve this discrepancy, further solid-state REDOR NMR and (31)P solution NMR experiments were applied to a variety of enzyme complexes with the substrates and inhibitor. In particular, a novel frequency-selective REDOR experiment was developed and applied. Integration of the solution and solid-state NMR data clearly demonstrates that under conditions of stoichiometric enzyme-ligand ratio at thermodynamic equilibrium (a) PEP binding is unperturbed by the presence of 2 and (b) both PEP and 2 can bind simultaneously to the synthase, i.e., form a ternary complex with PEP occupying its own subsite and 2 occupying A5P's subsite. The latter observation suggests that under the conditions used in our NMR measurements, the inhibition pattern of 2 against PEP should have a mixed type character. Furthermore, the NMR data directly demonstrate the distinction between the relative binding strength of the two moieties of 2: enzyme interactions with PEP-mimicking moiety are much weaker than those with the A5P moiety. This observation is in agreement with KDO8PS-2 crystal structure showing only remote contacts of the phosphonate due to large structural changes of binding site residues. It is concluded that these phosphonate-enzyme interactions evidenced by both (31)P solution NMR and X-ray are too weak to be preserved under the lyophilization of KDO8PS-2 binary complex and therefore are not evidenced by the solid-state REDOR spectra.