gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Oligomeric and Polymeric a,co‐Bis(trimethylsiloxy)polymethylchlorosiloxanes and Their Reactions with Alkyllithium Reagents. (1986)

Abstract The exchange reactions of (I) (oligomers of this type prepared by cohydrolysis of Me3SiCl and MeH‐ SiCl 2 ) with allyl or benzyl chloride catalyzed by Pd/ Cyield the chlorinated derivatives (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 7‐Azatricyclodecanes: Analogues of Cocaine. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nasal melatonin gels using pluronic PF-127 for chronobiological treatment of sleep disorder (2004)

Melatonin, a neurohormone, is formulated as a thermoreversible pluronic gel for nasal administration as an ‘overlap dosage form’ for chronobiological treatment of sleep disorders. Aqueous PF gels containing drug (0.5 mg & 1 mg/0.1 ml), PEG 400 and PEG 15,000 were prepared by cold method. Pluronic gels were evaluated for gelation and gel melting. Gelation temperature (T1) decreased with pluronic concentration while gel melting temperature (T2) increased. Melatonin shifted gelation range to higher temperature while PEG narrowed the gel range. Flux of diffusion decreased with PF concentration. Drug flux decreased in higher drug strength gels due to more partitioning in micellar phase. Pluronic gel (20%w/w, 1 mg/0.1 ml) showed bimodal pattern with a desired second peak flux (0.248μg/min/cm 2 ) at 300 min. Flux pattern changed invariably with PEG. Bioadhesion time and strength to sheep nasal mucosa were more for gels containing melatonin and PEG 400. Nasal gels produced fast onset of action and induced sleep within fifteen minutes. The low intensity and rounded α-EEG wave pattern was observed for sleep duration of 5 hrs. Good correlation was observed in sleep pattern and low intensity α-EEG. The results are encouraging and nasal melatonin gels have potential in the treatment of circadian cycle sleep disorders.
The MAD phasing method in macromolecular crystallography: general principles and the problem of the anisotropy of anomalous scattering (1992)

Abstract Several macromolecular structures have been solved with the Multiplewavelength Anomalous Diffraction (MAD) method in the recent years (Kahn et al. 1985, Korszun 1987, Krishna Murthy et al., 1988, Guss et al., 1988, Hendrickson et al. 1988, Hendrickson, Pahler et al. 1989, Graves et al., 1990). These successes have been made possible by the availability of tunable X-ray sources, the development of efficient area detectors and by advances in the methods for analysis of MAD data. Now the instrumentation is in place to make highly accurate measurements on macromolecular crystals so as to exploit the anomalous signal in direct phase determination. In this contribution we describe briefly the theoretical basis, experimental requirements and computational implementation of the MAD method (a more detailed review can be found in Fourme Hendrickson, 1990). In the last part we treat a problem specific to MAD, namely the effect of the anisotropy of anomalous scattering on the phase determination.
Markers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction (EED) are Associated with Neurodevelopment in Tanzanian Children (2015)

Background Children with environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) are at increased risk for impaired growth and neurodevelopment. We conducted a study to evaluate novel biomarkers of gastrointestinal epithelial and barrier function associated with EED as predictors of neurodevelopment. Methods Blood samples were obtained from 107 Tanzanian infants at 6 weeks and 6 months for assay of serum citrulline (CIT) and antibodies to LPS and flagellin. Neurodevelopmental testing (Bayley Scales of Infant Development‐III) was conducted at 15 months of age. Results The log odds of having a below‐median raw expressive language score (&lt; 20) was increased by 1.66 (p=0.03) for every 1 unit increase (1‐UI) in LPS IgA at 6 weeks and by 0.19 (p=0.04) per 1‐UI in CIT at 12 months; log odds were decreased by 1.54 (p=0.02) per 1‐UI in flagellin IgG and by 0.16 (p=0.02) per 1‐UI in CIT at 6 months. Conclusion Higher levels of LPS‐IgA at 6 weeks and CIT at 12 months, and lower levels of flagellin‐IgG and CIT at 6 months were associated with below‐median language scores. Markers of intestinal permeability and absorption are indicators of neurodevelopmental sequelae in children at risk of EED. Funding NICHD (R01 HD048969; K24HD058795),Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1066203)
Inexpensive microbial dipstick diagnostic for nitrate in water (2019)

A rapid, inexpensive, bio-strip was developed for visual quantitation of nitrate in water.
Coded Modulation for Fiber-Optic Networks: Toward better tradeoff between signal processing complexity and optical transparent reach (2014)

In this tutorial, we study the joint design of forward error correction (FEC) and modulation for fiber-optic communications. To this end, we use an information-theoretic design framework to investigate coded modulation (CM) techniques for standard additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels and fiber-optic channels. This design guideline helps us provide a comprehensive overview of the CM schemes in the literature. Then, by invoking recent advances in optical channel modeling for nondispersion-managed links, we discuss two-dimensional (2-D) and four-dimensional (4-D) CM schemes. Moreover, we discuss the electronic computational complexity and hardware constraints of CM schemes for optical communications. Finally, we address CM schemes with signal shaping and rate-adaptation capabilities to accommodate the data transmission scheme to optical links with different signal qualities.
Utilization of Glycosaminoglycans/Proteoglycans as Carriers for Targeted Therapy Delivery (2015)

The outcome of patients with cancer has improved significantly in the past decade with the incorporation of drugs targeting cell surface adhesive receptors, receptor tyrosine kinases, and modulation of several molecules of extracellular matrices (ECMs), the complex composite of collagens, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans that dictates tissue architecture. Cancer tissue invasive processes progress by various oncogenic strategies, including interfering with ECM molecules and their interactions with invasive cells. In this review, we describe how the ECM components, proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans, influence tumor cell signaling. In particular this review describes how the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA) and its major receptor CD44 impact invasive behavior of tumor cells, and provides useful insight when designing new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of cancer.
1,2-Dihydrochromeno[2,3-c]pyrrol-3-one Derivatives: Synthesis and HPLC-ECD Analysis (2019)

Ethyl-3-formyl-6-methoxy-(2H)-chromene-2-carboxylate was transformed to N-substituted 1,2-dihydrochromeno[2,3-c]pyrrol-3-ones in a domino reductive amination–lactamization reaction. Isomerization of the double bond and the inherently labile stereogenic center was studied, and HPLC-ECD analysis of a chiral 1,2-dihydrochromeno[2,3-c]pyrrol-3(3aH)-one derivative aided by TDDFT-ECD calculation allowed configurational assignment of the separated enantiomers. Antiproliferative activity of the products was demonstrated on the CaCo-2 human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line.
Fabrication and high-power piezoelectric characteristics of textured (Sr<sub>0.7</sub>Ca<sub>0.3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Bi<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>5</sub>O<sub>18</sub>ceramics (2014)

High-power piezoelectric characteristics under continuous driving were studied for lead-free piezoelectric ceramics of a textured bismuth layer-structured ferroelectric, (Sr0.7Ca0.3)2Bi4Ti5O18 + 0.2 wt % MnCO3 (abbreviated to HF-SCBT) and a non-oriented specimen (OF-SCBT). The orientation of the grains can improve their high-power piezoelectric properties such as the vibration velocity, v0–p. The value of v0–p for the HF-SCBT ceramic exceeded 2.0 m/s at an applied electric field of 3 V/mm under short- and long-time driving. We also observed that the change in resonance frequency under long-time driving for OF- and HF-SCBT was less than 0.15% at a v0–p of 2.0 m/s. Thus, the force factor, A, of HF-SCBT was superior to that of OF-SCBT. The reason for these results is considered to be that d33 for HF-SCBT was 1.5 times as large as that for OF-SCBT.
Anti-Tumour Effect of a Chitosan Delivery System for Doxorubicin (2010)

Used against a variety of tumours, doxorubicin (DOX), causes multiple side-effects in patients, especially in high doses required to control tumour growth. A drug delivery system (DDS) was developed to deliver DOX. Through DOX encapsulation into chitosan DDS, novel DOX microparticles (DMPs) were formed. Multiple optimisation steps produced DMPs which caused tumour cell death. Treatment of mice bearing tumours with DMP decreased tumour growth and spread, with no visible side-effects. There are plans to evaluate this delivery vehicle more closely towards clinical development and testing.
Evaluating the effect of assessment education with community psychiatric nurses using a file audit tool. (1999)

Within public mental health services in Australia, community mental health nurses are often the first point of contact for people presenting with mental health problems. Community mental health nurses are responsible for determining appropriate triage and assessing need for treatment. Community mental health staff identified a need to improve skills in assessment and documentation of psychiatric symptoms. This collaborative study sought to develop an educational package, based on Present State Examination-9, for initial assessment, and a reliable file audit tool to evaluate the effectiveness of the education. Twenty initial mental health assessments completed by twenty different community mental health nurses were audited approximately one month prior to, and two months after, attendance at the education programme. The audit indicated that the documentation of assessments improved in all aspects, although the most significant differences were achieved in recording history, mental state and treatment plan. These items were the main items emphasised in the education programme. It is suggested that the Present State Examination-9 provides a useful base for teaching clinicians how to incorporate the documentation of comprehensive and precise information into assessment formats and treatment planning and that the file audit tool, when linked with an assessment format provides a useful way of evaluating self and peer assessment documentation.
Supramolecular structure of the tetrabutylammonium salt of 2-phenylpropionitrile (1999)

The deprotonation of 2-phenylpropionitrile Ph(CH3)CHCN (3) by n-Bu)4N+(OH)– results in the corresponding tetrabutylammonium salt (4) in excellent yield. An X-ray structural analysis shows that the compound is not a genuine carbanion ("naked anion"). Instead, a dimeric form is found in the crystal in which the nitrogen of the cyano group in the anion undergoes multiple H-bonding with the α-methylene units of the (n-Bu)4N+ cations as a consequence of CH…︁N interactions. A cryoscopic study of the compound in benzene indicates the existence of tetramers, which means that in solution supramolecular ions pairs are involved.
Triazole‐Linked Iminosugars and Aromatic Systems as Simplified UDP‐Gal<i>f</i> Mimics: Synthesis and Preliminary Evaluation as Gal<i>f</i>‐Transferase Inhibitors (2017)

The convenient preparation of 1,4‐dideoxy‐1,4‐imino‐ l ‐arabinitol derivatives bearing a propargyl group through the addition of a trimethylsilylpropargyl Grignard reagent to an N ‐sulfinylglycosylamine is reported. One of these compounds was coupled by a triazole tether to various aromatic and heteroaromatic groups to give structures that can be considered to be simplified mimics of UDP‐Gal f , the substrate of GlfT2, a galactofuranosyltransferase present in mycobacteria. The new compounds were evaluated as inhibitors of this enzyme and were found to have significant activity (IC 50 values in the high µ m to low m m range), despite the absence of the diphospho linkage present in the parent sugar nucleotide.
Seismic Vulnerability of Wine Barrel Stacks (2016)

Recent earthquakes have shown that wine barrel stacks are highly susceptible to collapse, leading to large economic losses, downtime, and longer recovery periods. This study presents a methodology using a probabilistic approach for estimating the fragility functions and economic losses in barrel stacks. The seismic response of these systems was determined from the dynamic equilibrium equations that describe the position and orientation of each element. The analysis considered ground motions scaled at different intensity levels and different barrel stack configurations; the simulations enabled reproducing the most common collapse mechanisms observed in the field and in shaking table experiments. From a statistical analysis of the results, vulnerability functions were evaluated as the probability of being within a specific damage state for a given ground motion intensity. Additional numerical simulations were performed to study the effects of the inherent uncertainty of the interface parameters controlling the dynamic response and collapse sequence of the barrel stacks. Furthermore, this methodology was used to evaluate the impact effect and improvement of a base isolation solution as a damage mitigation measure.
Three-dimensional drug screen identifies HDAC inhibitors as therapeutic agents in mTORC1 <i>-</i> driven lymphangioleiomyomatosis (2021)

ABSTRACT Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare disease involving cystic lung destruction by invasive LAM cells. These cells harbor loss-of-function mutations in TSC2 , conferring constitutive mTORC1 signaling. Rapamycin is the only clinically approved disease-modifying treatment, but its action is cytostatic and disease progresses upon its withdrawal. There is a critical need to identify novel agents that prevent the invasive phenotype and/or eradicate the neoplastic LAM cells. Here, we employed novel cellular and extracellular models to screen for candidate therapeutics in a physiologically relevant setting. We observed that lung-mimetic hydrogel culture of pluripotent stem cell-derived diseased cells more faithfully recapitulates human LAM biology compared to conventional culture on two-dimensional tissue culture plastic. Leveraging our culture system, we conducted a three-dimensional drug screen using a custom 800-compound library, tracking cytotoxicity and invasion modulation phenotypes at the single cell level. We identified histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors as a group of anti-invasive agents that are also selectively cytotoxic towards TSC2 -/- cells. Unexpectedly, we observed that next generation ATP-competitive mTORC1/2 inhibitors potentiate invasion. We determined anti-invasive effects of HDAC inhibitors to be independent of genotype, while selective cell death is mTORC1-dependent and mediated by apoptosis. Drug performance was subsequently evaluated at the single cell level in zebrafish xenografts. We observed consistent therapeutic efficacy in vivo at equivalent concentrations to those used in vitro, substantiating HDAC inhibitors as potential therapeutic candidates for pursuit in patients with LAM. One Sentence Summary We performed a drug screen in 3D and discovered HDAC inhibitors exhibit therapeutic efficacy in models of the lung disease lymphangioleiomyomatosis.
Modulation of the RIG-I/MDA5-MAVS-dependent signaling pathway by distinct LCMV components shapes type I interferon responses (136.12) (2010)

Abstract Early and efficient induction of type I IFN and other interferon-stimulated genes following virus infection is essential for the control of the viral infection, and this induction is mostly controlled by the innate immune system via pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), including the endosomal Toll-like receptors and the retinoic acid inducible gene-I like RNA helicases RIG-I and MDA5. The prototypic arenavirus, Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), is an excellent system to study the impact of virus-host interactions on viral pathogenesis. Although most aspects of LCMV model have been extensively studied and the findings obtained from this model have been used to interpret the pathogenesis of human viral diseases, the molecular mechanisms by which LCMV modulates type I IFN responses are not clear. Better understanding of these mechanisms is critical for the development of novel vaccines and effective antiviral therapeutic strategies against arenavirus infection. In the present study, we demonstrate that LCMV genomic RNA activates the RIG-I/MDA5-MAVS-dependent signaling pathway to induce type I IFN responses. We further demonstrate that LCMV nucleoprotein inhibits LCMV RNA induced type I IFN responses by physically interacting with both RIG-I and MDA5 signaling molecules. These results indicate that interactions between LCMV viral proteins and viral genomic RNA and the host signaling molecules are critical to regulate the virus induced innate immune response.
A novel content-based tampering detective steganography for acoustic data (2011)

We propose and implement a content-based tampering detective steganography scheme using acoustic data with probative value in this paper. The purpose is to verify and identify malicious modification. Content-based hash function SHA-1 is adapted to detect tampering. After transforming data from time-domain to frequency domain using integer Discrete Cosine Transform (intDCT), the amplitude of the highest frequency domain is expanded to reserve embedding capacity which is necessary for hiding hash value and index table for hiding. Lossless embedding and extraction algorithm ensure this scheme a reversible alternative scheme to meet the requirements of acoustic media with probative value. Hash digest is applied to data units after the original data is divided to frames to detect tampering in frame unit and to ensure the reversibility of the rest data even tampering occurs partially. The numerical simulation experiments on detection precise and acoustic degradation indicate that the proposed scheme satisfied highly variability and reversibility, while the acoustic degradation of stego data is imperceptible on the basis of the ITU-R BS.1387 (PEAQ) standard.
Optimization of Oligosaccharide Synthesis from Cellobiose by Dextransucrase (2007)

There is a growing market for oligosaccharides as sweeteners, prebiotics, anticariogenic compounds, and immunostimulating agents in both food and pharmaceutical industries. Interest in novel carbohydrate-based products has grown because of their reduced toxicity and low immune response. Cellobiose is potentially valuable as a nondigestible sugar. The reaction of cellobiose, as an acceptor with a sucrose as a donor, catalyzed by a dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMCM, produced a series of cellobio-oligosaccharides. This production system was optimized using a Box-Behnken experimental design for 289 mM of sucrose and 250 mM of cellobiose and 54 U of the enzyme at pH 5.2 and 30 °C, to produce maximum yields of oligosaccharide.
Hemispheric reconfigurations in Northern Amazonia: the ‘Three Guianas’ amid regional change and Brazilian hegemony (2016)

Regional and hemispheric reconfigurations in Latin America and the Caribbean are increasingly mediated by Brazilian power, and the engagement of Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana with this emerging context is intriguing. They are tentatively moving away from a Caribbean region with which they are culturally contiguous, towards a South American continent in which they are geographically located. This is partly a reflection of the gradual opening up of the Northern Amazonian space that they share collectively, and also with Venezuela and Brazil. These processes are occurring as cause and effect of Brazil’s emergence as a regional – and even regionally hegemonic – power. With reference to wider debates on regionalism and hegemony, we analyse the uncertain consequences of these shifts.
SH3-mediated Hck Tyrosine Kinase Activation and Fibroblast Transformation by the Nef Protein of HIV-1 (1997)

Tyrosine kinases of the Src family are regulated via their Src homology 2 (SH2) and SH3 domains. The Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) has previously been shown to bind with high affinity and specificity in vitro to the SH3 domain of Hck, a Src family member expressed primarily in myeloid cells. However, the effect of Nef on Hck activity in living cells is unknown. Here we show that Rat-2 fibroblasts co-expressing Hck and Nef rapidly developed transformed foci, whereas control cells expressing either protein alone did not. Nef formed a stable complex with Hck and stimulated its tyrosine kinase activity in vivo. Mutagenesis of the Nef proline-rich motif essential for SH3 binding completely blocked complex formation, kinase activation, and transformation, indicating that the Nef SH3-binding function is required for its effects on Hck. These results provide direct evidence that SH3 engagement is sufficient to activate a Src family kinase in vivo and suggest that Hck may be activated by Nef in HIV-infected macrophages.
Kilowatt-level Peak Power Monolithic Fiber Amplifier for Single-Mode, Narrow Linewidth 100 ns Pulses (2010)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Share on X Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Share with WeChat Get Citation Copy Citation Text W. Shi, E. B. Petersen, D. T. Nguyen, J. Zong, Z. Yao, M. A. Stephen, A. Chavez-Pirson, and N. Peyghambarian, "Kilowatt-level Peak Power Monolithic Fiber Amplifier for Single-Mode, Narrow Linewidth 100 ns Pulses," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2010, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2010), paper CMGG2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Stabilité des laits UHT au cours de leur stockage (2010)

Une déstabilisation du lait UHT, sous forme de gel ou de sédiment, peut se produire au cours du stockage. Ce phénomène constitue une réelle problématique industrielle et scientifique. La déstabilisation du lait UHT (140 °C, 4s) au cours du stockage est provoquée par la protéolyse des micelles de caséines. Peu d’informations sont disponibles sur les facteurs enzymatiques à l’origine de ce phénomène. Par ailleurs, il n’existe aucun test permettant de détecter l’instabilité du lait avant traitement thermique. Trois facteurs enzymatiques ont été testés : la plasmine, les enzymes de cellules somatiques et les protéases d’une souche de Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas Flurorescens CNRZ 798). Seules les protéases de la souche de Pseudomonas, très résistantes à la température, ont provoqué une déstabilisation du lait UHT au cours du stockage. Ce projet se poursuit par l’étude de l’impact de plusieurs souches de Pseudomonas sur la qualité du lait et par la mise au point d’un test capable de les détecter dans le lait avant traitement thermique.
Exploring Individual Differences in Response to Reading Intervention: Data from Project KIDS (Kids and Individual Differences in Schools) (2022)

This manuscript provides information on datasets pertaining to Project KIDS. Datasets include behavioral and achievement data for over 4,000 students between five and twelve years old participating in nine randomized control trials of reading instruction and intervention between 2005-2011, and information on home environments of a subset of 442 students collected via parent survey in 2013. All data is currently stored on an online data repository and freely available. Data might be of interest to researchers interested in individual differences in reading development and response to instruction and intervention, as well as to instructors of data analytic methods such as hierarchical linear modeling and psychometrics.