gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Accurate finite-difference time-domain simulation of anisotropic media by subpixel smoothing (2009)

Finite-difference time-domain methods suffer from reduced accuracy when discretizing discontinuous materials. We previously showed that accuracy can be significantly improved by using subpixel smoothing of the isotropic dielectric function, but only if the smoothing scheme is properly designed. Using recent developments in perturbation theory that were applied to spectral methods, we extend this idea to anisotropic media and demonstrate that the generalized smoothing consistently reduces the errors and even attains second-order convergence with resolution.
Rotaxanes Capable of Recognising Chloride in Aqueous Media (2010)

A new, versatile chloride-anion-templating synthetic pathway is exploited for the preparation of a series of eight new [2]rotaxane host molecules, including the first sulfonamide interlocked system. (1)H NMR spectroscopic titration investigations demonstrate the rotaxanes' capability to selectively recognise the chloride anion in competitive aqueous solvent media. The interlocked host's halide binding affinity can be further enhanced and tuned through the attachment of electron-withdrawing substituents and by increasing its positive charge. A dicationic rotaxane selectively binds chloride in 35% water, wherein no evidence of oxoanion binding is observed. NMR spectroscopy, X-ray structural analysis and computational molecular dynamics simulations are used to account for rotaxane formation yields, anion binding strengths and selectivity trends.
Shape recovery of collision zones for obstacle avoidance (2002)

Presents an approach to detect moving obstacles in order to define a collision zone around them. The approach uses a camera system to provide image sequences from which the dynamic aspect of the scene can be recovered. In fact, if the camera samples the observation space at some time intervals, a two-dimensional image sequence may be created, due to the relative motion. The analysis of these sequences can be useful to recovery information about the relative notion between a mobile vehicle and the navigation space. The appearance of an obstacle can be recovered using optical flow analysis. The authors compute optical flow maps to solve the problem of detecting discontinuities in the flow field in order to segment the image in different moving objects. An estimation of depth values for the segmented points is accomplished by means of optical flow and focus of expansion. Experimental results on image sequences of a real scene are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Stress, immunity, and cervical cancer: Psychoneuroimmunologic (PNI) results of a randomized telephone counseling intervention (2006)

8585 Background: The association between counseling benefit and improved cancer patient survival is controversial. If such an association exists, it requires biological control of tumor growth, with the immune system as the most likely effector arm. It is widely held that for anti-tumor immunity a T helper type 1 (Th1) immune response is more advantageous, by supporting antigen-specific cytotoxicity, than a T helper type 2 (Th2). The purpose of this study was to test potential QOL, neuroendocrine and immune benefits obtained from psychosocial telephone counseling (PTC). Methods: Fifty cervical cancer patients were randomized to PTC or usual care. QOL and biological specimens were collected at baseline (3–15 months post diagnosis), and four months post-enrollment, Time 2. QOL was assessed by the FACT-Cx. Saliva was collected for the evaluation of cortisol and DHEA. Blood was collected for evaluation of selected neuroendocrine and immune parameters. We defined a Th1:Th2 ratio based upon cytokine precursor frequency determined from ELISpot assays for interferon (IFN) gamma and interleukin-(IL-) 5 performed using anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 lymphocyte stimulation. Results: We demonstrated a significant improvement in overall QOL from baseline to Time 2 for PTC participants compared to the control population (absolute difference 8.15, p=0.05). We observed longitudinal changes, up to 15 fold, in the Th1:Th2 ratio. Improvement in QOL was significantly associated with an increased Th1 immune system bias and conversely a decline in QOL with a more pronounced Th2 bias, p= 0.0097 two tailed Fisher’s exact T test and Spearman Correlation Coefficient r= 0.6368 (p= 0.0002, two tailed). Evaluation of association between QOL and the neuroendocrine parameters, salivary cortisol and DHEA, demonstrated the predicted trends, but did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: PTC can improve QOL for cervical cancer survivors. Importantly, we have shown for the first time that changes in QOL are significantly associated with a shift of immune system Th1:Th2 stance. This provides support for a biobehavioral model, which identifies potential mechanisms by which interventions that lead to improvement in QOL could also result in improved clinical outcomes. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
An empirical study of the effect of the variables in a flash vacuum pyrolysis (FVP) experiment (2004)

The effect of the variation of the experimental parameters on the conversion of precursor to products in a typical flash vacuum pyrolysis (FVP) experiment was investigated empirically. Temperature-conversion plots can be used to optimise FVP conditions and their mechanistic significance is exemplified. At a given temperature, the conversion can be increased by an increase in the background pressure, or by packing a section of the furnace tube with inert material (particularly when placed at the trap end of the furnace tube) or by employing a catalyst. Despite the prevailing view that only intramolecular reactions take place by FVP, it has been shown by a 'dual-FVP' cross-over experiment that the dimerisation of benzyl radicals occurs in the gas-phase, before the cold trap, under standard conditions. However, reduction in through-put rate, increase in furnace temperature and reduction in background pressure all reduce the amount of gas-phase coupling.
Predicting dynamic segregation resistance of self-consolidating concrete from the slump-flow test (2010)

Two key characteristics of self-consolidating concrete are flowability and segregation resistance.&#13;\nQuality control of flowability is typically predicted by the final diameter of the slump-flow test. In this&#13;\npaper, experimental results demonstrate that dynamic segregation of a self-consolidating concrete mix can&#13;\nalso be predicted from the slump-flow test by measuring the time it takes for the flow to reach its final&#13;\ndiameter. For a constant final diameter and aggregate content, increasing the time to final diameter led to&#13;\na more stable mix. Two sets of slump-flow and segregation data were obtained for flow diameters of 65 and&#13;\n70 cm, both with constant water-to-binder and aggregate-to-binder ratios. Dynamic segregation was determined&#13;\nby comparing the aggregate content in three regions: Within the diameter of the slump cone, between&#13;\nthe diameter of the cone and a diameter of 50 cm, and between a diameter of 50 cm and the final&#13;\ndiameter. In addition, the rapid penetration test was used to compare dynamic and static segregation&#13;\ncharacteristics.
Decreased levels of soluble amyloid beta-protein precursor in cerebrospinal fluid of live Alzheimer disease patients. (1992)

The amyloid beta-protein is deposited in senile plaques and the cerebrovasculature in Alzheimer disease (AD). Since it is derived from proteolytic processing of its parent protein, the amyloid beta-protein precursor (APP), we investigated whether levels of the secreted forms of APP are altered in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AD patients. Quantitative immunoblotting studies with the anti-APP monoclonal antibody P2-1 revealed that probable AD patients had markedly lower CSF APP levels than did demented non-Alzheimer-type patients and healthy control subjects. Using antibody P2-1 in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we measured CSF levels of APP in a larger population consisting of 13 patients diagnosed with probable AD, 18 patients diagnosed with dementia (non-Alzheimer type), and 16 nondemented, healthy controls. Mean CSF levels of APP were approximately 3.5-fold lower in the live patients diagnosed with probable AD compared to the demented non-Alzheimer-type controls or the nondemented, healthy individuals. These findings suggest that abnormal metabolism of APP is reflected in the extracellular fluids of the central nervous system and that CSF levels of soluble APP provide a useful biochemical marker to assist in the clinical diagnosis of AD.
Static Field Test Results for Advanced Terrestrial Broadcasting in Japan (2020)

An advanced ISDB-T system with features including higher order modulations such as 1024 QAM non-uniform constellations, an LDPC coding scheme, and larger FFT sizes such as 16kFFT and 32kFFT is being investigated in Japan. This new system includes both SISO, MISO and MIMO modes. In this paper we report on the results of field tests undertaken in the greater Tokyo area to confirm static reception characteristics of 1024 QAM using 16kFFT size for SISO and MIMO systems, such as would be experienced by external antennas atop detached houses, which is a common reception method in Japan. We use a cross-polar MIMO antenna for reception and report on the characteristics of polarized waves as well as the effect of time interleaving on static reception. It is concluded that 1024 QAM in both SISO and MIMO can be successfully received, MIMO requires more received power than SISO, and there is a beneficial effect from time interleaving in some cases.
Structural Equation Modeling with LISREL: Essentials and Advances. By Leslie A. Hayduk. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1988. 405 pp. $37.50 (1990)

Structural Equation Modeling with LISREL: Essentials and Advances.By Leslie A. Hayduk. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1988. 405 pp. $37.50 Get access Kenneth C. Land Kenneth C. Land Duke University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 69, Issue 1, September 1990, Pages 338–339, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/69.1.338 Published: 01 September 1990
Digital front-end requirements for quadrature bandpass sampling receivers (2007)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
REACTIONS OF OXIDIZED THIOUREAS WITH AMINE NUCLEOPHILES<sup>1</sup> (1986)

Abstract A route for the convenient, cost effective synthesis of di- and tri-substituted guanidines from thioureas has been developed. The key transformation involves activation of the sulfur through S-oxidation followed by displacement of the activated sulfur by an amine nucleophile (oxidation/displacement). This preparation is experimentally facile and results in good isolated yields of desired guanidines. No noxious substances or sensitive intermediates are generated. The reaction time is short and overall yield of desired guanidine from thiourea is good.
Spectrum Anomaly Detection for Optical Network Monitoring Using Deep Unsupervised Learning (2021)

Accurate and efficient anomaly detection is a key enabler for the cognitive management of optical networks, but traditional anomaly detection algorithms are computationally complex and do not scale well with the amount of monitoring data. Therefore, we propose an optical spectrum anomaly detection scheme that exploits computer vision and deep unsupervised learning to perform optical network monitoring relying only on constellation diagrams of received signals. The proposed scheme achieves 100% detection accuracy even without prior knowledge of the anomalies. Furthermore, operation with encoded images of constellation diagrams reduces the runtime by up to 200 times.
Abstract 9583: Remote Preconditioning Has a Powerful Antiarrhythmic Effect Independent of the Reperfusion Injury Salvage Kinase Pathways (2011)

Background: There is continuing need for non pro-arrhythmic antiarrhythmic therapies for life threatening ventricular arrhythmias associated with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. A new form of endogenous cardio-protection, remote ischemic preconditioning (RPC) showed promise for reducing myocardial infarct size, but its effect on ventricular arrhythmias is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of RPC on arrhythmias in a non-infarct producing model. Methods: Anesthetized open chest rats were exposed to 5 minutes of proximal left coronary artery occlusion and 10 minutes of reperfusion. Rats were either untreated controls (Ctrl, n=17) or received RPC (n=14) with 5 minutes bilateral femoral occlusions followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion times 3, started 30 minutes before coronary occlusion. Reperfusion arrhythmias were quantitated and in some rats Western Blot Analysis for pAKT and p-p70S6 kinase were studied. Results: Ischemic risk zone (blue dye technique) was similar in Ctrl (35% of LV) and RPC (32%) as were heart rate and blood pressure throughout the study. At reperfusion, onset of ventricular tachycardia (VT) was delayed in RPC group (45.8 ± 17.1 sec; mean + SEM) versus Ctrl (11.5 ± 3.3 sec; p=0.04). The number of episodes of VT was 18.1 ± 5.1 in Ctrl versus 5.2 ± 1.7 in the RPC group (p=0.01) and duration of VT was 67.2 ± 13.2 sec in Ctrl versus 24.9 ± 11.1 sec in RPC (p=0.019). Sustained VT (≥ 10 sec) occurred in 12 controls and 4 RPC rats (p=0.03); and duration of sustained VT was 40.2 ± 9.9 sec in Ctrl versus 14.6 ± 7.2 sec in RPC (p=0.03). Ventricular fibrillation occurred in 3 controls and 1 RPC rat. Mean number of ventricular premature beats was 38.2 ± 11.4 in Ctrl and 14.1 ± 3.1 in RPC rats (p=0.04). At the end of reperfusion p-Akt level in the risk area in control hearts was 2 times higher compared to the non-ischemic area, and was not different from its level in the risk area in the RPC hearts. In addition, the risk area in both Ctrl and RPC hearts demonstrated no difference in the p-p70S6 kinase level. Conclusion: Remote ischemic preconditioning of the lower limbs induced a powerful delay in/and reduction in ischemia/reperfusion induced ventricular arrhythmias, but without evoking the reperfusion injury salvage kinase pathway.
Computational Enzyme Engineering Pipelines for Optimized Production of Renewable Chemicals (2021)

To enable a sustainable supply of chemicals, novel biotechnological solutions are required that replace the reliance on fossil resources. One potential solution is to utilize tailored biosynthetic modules for the metabolic conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> or organic waste to chemicals and fuel by microorganisms. Currently, it is challenging to commercialize biotechnological processes for renewable chemical biomanufacturing because of a lack of highly active and specific biocatalysts. As experimental methods to engineer biocatalysts are time- and cost-intensive, it is important to establish efficient and reliable computational tools that can speed up the identification or optimization of selective, highly active, and stable enzyme variants for utilization in the biotechnological industry. Here, we review and suggest combinations of effective state-of-the-art software and online tools available for computational enzyme engineering pipelines to optimize metabolic pathways for the biosynthesis of renewable chemicals. Using examples relevant for biotechnology, we explain the underlying principles of enzyme engineering and design and illuminate future directions for automated optimization of biocatalysts for the assembly of synthetic metabolic pathways.
Calculus of variations and optimal control : Technion 1998 (2000)

Calculus of Variations and Differential Equations- On the Existence of the Impossible Pilot Wave, V. Benci Multiply Connected Mesoscopic Superconducting Structures, J. Berge, J. Rubinstein, and M. Schatzman The Role of Monotonicity in some Shape Optimization Problems, G. Buttazzo and P. Trebeschi A Weak Notion of Convergence in Capacity with Applications to Thin Obstacle Problems, J. Casado-Diaz and G. Dal Maso On Critical Point Theory with the (P S)* Condition, J.N. Corvellec On e-Monotonicity and e-Convexity, T.L. Dinh, V.M. Huynh, and M. Thera Approximations of One-Sided Lipschitz Differential Inclusions with Discontinuous Right-Hand Sides, T. Donchev and E. Farkhi Nonlinear Optimization: On the Min-Max Digraph and Global Smoothing, H.Th. Jongen and A. Ruiz Jhones On Radially Symmetric Minimizers of Second Order Two-Dimensional Variational Problems, A. Leizarowitz and M. Marcus Some , Theorems and Partial Differential Equations, A. Marino and C. Saccon Bounded and Almost Periodic Solutions of Nonlinear Differential Equations: Variational vs. Non-Variational Approach, J. Mawhin New Developments Concerning the Lavrentiev Phenomenon, V.J. Mizel Positive Solutions for Elliptic Equations with Critical Growth in Unbounded Domains, M. Ramos, Z.Q. Wang, and M. Willem On the Minimization of Convex Functionals, S. Reich and A. Zaslavski Semilinear Elliptic Problems on Unbounded Domains, I. Schindler and K. Tintarev On the Ginzburg-Landau Equation with Magnetic Field, S. Serfaty Techniques for Maximal Monotonicity, S. Simons Fast-Slow Dynamics and Relaxing Evolution Equations, M. Slemrod
Allylmercaptocaptopril: a new antihypertensive drug (2003)

Allylmercaptocaptopril (CPSSA) was synthesized by reacting captopril with pure allicin. Fructose-induced hypertensive groups of rats were fed a fructose-rich diet for 3 weeks, and then received the diet plus either CPSSA (40 to 56 mg or 138 to 194 micromol/L/kg/d) or captopril (80 mg or 369 micromol/L/kg/d) for 2 more weeks. CPSSA (both doses) significantly lowered blood pressure (BP) from 153.4 to 120.8 mm Hg (P <.005). Captopril gave similar results, lowering BP from 150.7 to 123 mm Hg (P <.005). CPSSA also decreased the high levels of triglycerides to normal. The new stable compound allylmercaptocaptopril combines the beneficial properties of captopril and allicin and is a potential candidate for antihypertensive drug therapy.
Dynamics of flow in albumin solution treated by low-temperature atmospheric pressure helium plasma jet (2020)

Dynamics of albumin agglomeration and dissolution induced by a helium plasma jet using the Schlieren visualization technique were demonstrated. The Schlieren technique enabled us to visualize the plasma-induced agglomeration of albumin on the albumin solution and dissolution from the agglomerate. Through the dissolution, a high-density albumin region moved downward, forming downward flows. During the plasma treatment, the downward flows were observed with a flow velocity of around 0.2 mm/s, while the flow velocity was 0.7 mm/s–0.9 mm/s without the plasma treatment. It was found that the plasma treatment decelerates the downward flows.
Simulation and Experimental Design of Saturated Excitation (SAX) Multiphoton Microscopy (MPM) (2017)

SAX is modeled and found to generate irregular PSF containing spatial frequency content beyond the diffraction limit. No special chemistry and minimal modification of MPM is needed toward super-resolved fluorescence imaging in scattering media.
Synthesis and characterization of polyaniline derivative and silver nanoparticle composites (2008)

Abstract BACKGROUND: There has been a recent surge of interest in the synthesis and applications of electroactive polymers with incorporated metal nanoparticles. These hybrid systems are expected to display synergistic properties between the conjugated polymers and the metal nanoparticles, making them potential candidates for applications in sensors and electronic devices. RESULTS: Composites of polyaniline derivatives—polyaniline, poly(2,5‐dimethoxyaniline) and poly(aniline‐2,5‐dimethoxyaniline)—and silver nanoparticles were prepared through simultaneous polymerization of aniline derivative and reduction of AgNO 3 in the presence of poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSS). We used AgNO 3 as one of the initial components (1) to form the silver nanoparticles and (2) as an oxidizing agent for initiation of the polymerization reaction. UV‐visible spectra of the synthesized nanocomposites reveal the synchronized formation of silver nanoparticles and polymer matrix. The morphology of the silver nanoparticles and degree of their dispersion in the nanocomposites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry results indicate an enhancement of the thermal stability of the nanocomposites compared to the pure polymers. The electrical conductivity of the nanocomposites is in the range 10 −4 to 10 −2 S cm −1 . CONCLUSION: A single‐step process for the synthesis of silver nanoparticle–polyaniline derivative nanocomposites doped with PSS has been demonstrated. The approach in which silver nanoparticles are formed simultaneously during the polymerization process results in a good dispersion of the nanoparticles in the conductive polymer matrix. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Low-frequency response characteristics of three Grass model 7 polygraphs (1985)

A low-frequency response analysis of three Grass model 7 polygraphs was undertaken. Observed error was generally found to fall within the manufacturer's stated range of +5 to -10% of DC signal height over the frequency range of human respiration (0.1-3 Hz), but this was not the case for frequencies greater than 6 Hz under certain circumstances. The magnitude of error was seen to vary directly with frequency and indirectly with pen-deflection amplitude and paper speed. The pen-oscillograph apparatus was the predominant source of low-frequency error, and this is probably due to pen inertia and pen friction on the writing surface. Two schemes to reduce such error are presented.
A &lt;inline-formula&gt;&lt;tex-math&gt;$\mu$&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt;m-Scale Computational Model of Magnetic Neural Stimulation in Multifascicular Peripheral Nerves (2015)

There has been recurring interest in using magnetic neural stimulation for implantable localized stimulation. However, the large stimulation voltages and energies necessary to evoke neuronal activity have tempered this interest. To investigate the potential of magnetic stimulation as a viable methodology and to provide the ability to investigate novel coil designs that can result in lower stimulation threshold voltages and energies, there is a need for a model that accurately predicts the magnetic field-tissue interaction that results in neuronal stimulation. In this study, we provide a computational framework to accurately estimate the stimulation threshold and have validated the model with in vivo magnetic stimulation experiments. To make such predictions, we developed a micrometer-resolution anatomically driven computational model of rat sciatic nerve and quantified the effect of tissue heterogeneity (i.e., fascicular organization, axon distribution, and density) and axonal membrane capacitance on the resulting threshold. Using the multiresolution impedance method, we computed the spatial-temporal distribution of the induced electric field in the nerve and applied this field to a Frankenhaeuser-Huxley axon model in NEURON to simulate the nonlinear mechanisms of the membrane channels. The computational model developed predicts the stimulation thresholds for four magnetic coil designs with different geometrical parameters within the 95% confidence interval (experiments count = 4) of measured in vivo stimulation thresholds for the rat sciatic nerve.