gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of (S)‐1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroisoquinoline‐3‐carboxylic Acids: A Novel Series of PPARγ Agonists. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Daily testing of contacts of SARS-CoV-2 infected cases as an alternative to quarantine for key workers in Liverpool: A prospective cohort study (2022)

This report is independent research commissioned by DHSC and part funded by DHSC and NIHR. Further funding was received from Liverpool City Council, the EPSRC and MRC.
Identification of performance degradation in IP networks using throughput statistics (2003)

To be able to satisfy their users, interactive applications like video conferences require a certain Quality-of-Service from heterogeneous networks. This paper proposes the use of throughput histograms as Quality-of-Service indicator. These histograms are built from local, unsynchronized, passive measurements of packet streams from the viewpoint of an application. They can easily be exchanged between sender and receiver, and their comparison provides information about severity and type of a potential bottleneck. We demonstrate the usefulness of these indicators for evaluating the transport quality perceived by a video conferencing application and its users in the presence of a bottleneck.
Field Camp for Astronauts: NASA's Geoscience Training Program for Planetary Exploration (2018)

Fifty years ago Apollo astronauts walked on the Moon to explore the geology and collect samples for Earth return. Several authors have discussed the strategic planning and training that enabled the Apollo successes, and assembled recommendations regarding today’s lunar science objectives and astronaut training required to achieve those science goals. Since the 1980s, geoscience training for astronauts focused on observing the Earth from orbit. Today, we are building a geoscience training program to support informed Earth observations as well as the exploration culture for future human missions to the Moon and Mars. Our team partnered with JSC’s crew training and astronaut offices to develop our 4-week geoscience program for the 2017 astronaut class. Because the astronauts have a variety of professional backgrounds, we provide a broad introduction to Earth and planetary sciences. But our prime focus is 2 weeks of intensive field work, a methodology introduced with the 2013 astronaut class. We completed the first half of the training – a field trip to observe hurricane deposits along Galveston Bay; keynotes by Apollo colleagues highlighting Apollo experiences; a tightly-integrated week of introductory geology in the classroom followed by a week of fieldwork in the Rio Grande del Norte National Monument. The classroom included interactive map exercises that allowed the students to progressively build a base map of the field area that they used as a starting point for their week-long mapping exercise. We divided the class into small mapping groups to conduct their observations, mapping and interpretation of the geology. In addition to learning geological field work, our field training provided the platform for practicing expeditionary leadership, a key skill set valued by NASA for astronaut crews. Next summer the capstone fieldwork for the 2017 astronauts will include both mapping and rock sampling. Throughout the mapping, the class will collect additional data to help inform field and sampling decisions using diagnostic field instruments that are being tested in analog settings for their operational efficacy for future planetary exploration.
Three-Dimensional Rotational Angiographic Detection of In-Stent Stenosis in Wide-Necked Aneurysms Treated with a Self-Expanding Intracranial Stent (2005)

Intracranial stenting using a soft self-expanding stent without angioplasty induced a statistically, but not clinically, significant decrease in cross sectional area. Further research and longer-term follow-up are needed to elucidate the mechanism and clinical importance of this response.
Electrical Conductivity Measurements of Binary Solutions of Molten Alkaline‐Earth Fluorides (1992)

The electrical conductivities of binary solutions of molten , , , , , and were measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in a conductance cell comprising twin capillaries of pyrolytic boron nitride, movable tungsten electrodes, and a molybdenum crucible. In three of the systems,, , and , the specific electrical conductivity was found to vary linearly with composition at constant temperature, while in the other three systems, , , and , there were pronounced negative deviations from additivity. In a given binary system, the relative excess specific conductivity was found to vary parabolically with composition at constant temperature. In a homologous sequence the parabolic constant was proportional to the relative polarizability of the cations comprising the binary system.
New Generation Method for a Samarium(II) Equivalent: Me3SiX (X = Br and I)/Sm-Assisted Intermolecular Carbon-Carbon Bond Forming Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew Generation Method for a Samarium(II) Equivalent: Me3SiX (X = Br and I)/Sm-Assisted Intermolecular Carbon-Carbon Bond Forming Reactions of Carbonyl CompoundsNoriyuki Akane, Tadashi Hatano, Hiroko Kusui, Yutaka Nishiyama, and Yasutaka IshiiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 25, 7902–7907Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00104a056https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00104a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views472Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
RNA-regulatory exosome complex confers cellular survival to promote erythropoiesis (2021)

Cellular differentiation requires vast remodeling of transcriptomes, and therefore machinery mediating remodeling controls differentiation. Relative to transcriptional mechanisms governing differentiation, post-transcriptional processes are less well understood. As an important post-transcriptional determinant of transcriptomes, the RNA exosome complex (EC) mediates processing and/or degradation of select RNAs. During erythropoiesis, the erythroid transcription factor GATA1 represses EC subunit genes. Depleting EC structural subunits prior to GATA1-mediated repression is deleterious to erythroid progenitor cells. To assess the importance of the EC catalytic subunits Dis3 and Exosc10 in this dynamic process, we asked if these subunits function non-redundantly to control erythropoiesis. Dis3 or Exosc10 depletion in primary murine hematopoietic progenitor cells reduced erythroid progenitors and their progeny, while sparing myeloid cells. Dis3 loss severely compromised erythroid progenitor and erythroblast survival, rendered erythroblasts hypersensitive to apoptosis-inducing stimuli and induced γ-H2AX, indicative of DNA double-stranded breaks. Dis3 loss-of-function phenotypes were more severe than those caused by Exosc10 depletion. We innovated a genetic rescue system to compare human Dis3 with multiple myeloma-associated Dis3 mutants S447R and R750K, and only wild type Dis3 was competent to rescue progenitors. Thus, Dis3 establishes a disease mutation-sensitive, cell type-specific survival mechanism to enable a differentiation program.
Multiview Image Coding Using Depth Layers and an Optimized Bit Allocation (2012)

In this paper, we present a novel wavelet-based compression algorithm for multiview images. This method uses a layer-based representation, where the 3-D scene is approximated by a set of depth planes with their associated constant disparities. The layers are extracted from a collection of images captured at multiple viewpoints and transformed using the 3-D discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The DWT consists of the 1-D disparity compensated DWT across the viewpoints and the 2-D shape-adaptive DWT across the spatial dimensions. Finally, the wavelet coefficients are quantized and entropy coded along with the layer contours. To improve the rate-distortion performance of the entire coding method, we develop a bit allocation strategy for the distribution of the available bit budget between encoding the layer contours and the wavelet coefficients. The achieved performance of our proposed scheme outperforms the state-of-the-art codecs for several data sets of varying complexity.
Characterization of antimicrobial compounds produced by Pseudomonas aurantiaca S-1. (2007)

Pseudomonas aurantiaca S-1 can serve as a natural source of pesticides towards phytopathogens like Fusarium oxysporum P1 and Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea BIM B-280. The largest pool of produced antimicrobial compounds was found in four days-old spent culture supernatant. At least two groups of bioactive substances were identified, one responsible for the antibacterial activity and the other for the antifungal activity. The fraction with strong antibacterial activity had the molecular mass 282.8 and formula C18H36NO, and the fraction with strong antifungal activity had molecular mass 319.3 and molecular formula C20H31O3 which could be a new fungicide. Additionally, P. aurantiaca S-1 was able to produce indoleacetic acid and siderophores.
An epigenetic clock for gestational age at birth based on blood methylation data (2016)

Abstract Background Gestational age is often used as a proxy for developmental maturity by clinicians and researchers alike. DNA methylation has previously been shown to be associated with age and has been used to accurately estimate chronological age in children and adults. In the current study, we examine whether DNA methylation in cord blood can be used to estimate gestational age at birth. Results We find that gestational age can be accurately estimated from DNA methylation of neonatal cord blood and blood spot samples. We calculate a DNA methylation gestational age using 148 CpG sites selected through elastic net regression in six training datasets. We evaluate predictive accuracy in nine testing datasets and find that the accuracy of the DNA methylation gestational age is consistent with that of gestational age estimates based on established methods, such as ultrasound. We also find that an increased DNA methylation gestational age relative to clinical gestational age is associated with birthweight independent of gestational age, sex, and ancestry. Conclusions DNA methylation can be used to accurately estimate gestational age at or near birth and may provide additional information relevant to developmental stage. Further studies of this predictor are warranted to determine its utility in clinical settings and for research purposes. When clinical estimates are available this measure may increase accuracy in the testing of hypotheses related to developmental age and other early life circumstances.
A Sparsity-Based Clustering Framework for Radio Channel Impulse Responses (2016)

In this paper, we propose a novel channel impulse response (CIR) clustering algorithm using a sparsity-based method, which exploits the feature of CIR that power of multipath component (MPC) is exponentially decreasing with increasing delay. We first use a sparsity-based optimization to recover CIRs, which can be well solved by using reweighted ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> minimization. Then a heuristic approach is provided to identify clusters in the recovered CIRs, which leads to improved clustering accuracy in comparison to identifying clusters directly in the raw CIRs. The proposed algorithm incorporates the physical behaviors of MPCs into the clustering framework and enables applications with no prior knowledge of the clusters, such as number and initial locations of clusters. The results in this paper can be used to parameterize the CIR model of radio channels.
Polymer Gels Formulated with a Combination of High and Low Molecular-Weight Polymers Provide Improved Performance for Water-Shutoff Treatments of Fractured Production Wells (2004)

Abstract A laboratory study has shown improved performance for fracture-problem water-shutoff polymer gels that are formulated with a combination of high and low molecular-weight (Mw) polymers. These gels are intended for application to fractures or other high permeability anomalies that are in direct contact with petroleum production wells. More specifically, we focused on evaluating the mechanical strength and improved performance of these water-shutoff gels for use when exceptionally large fracture apertures or large drawdown pressures are encountered. During our study, the gels were injected into laboratory-scale fractures while the gel was in a partially formed state. The flooding-experiment study involved the placement of partially formed chromium(III)-carboxylate/acrylamide-polymer (CC/AP) gels in 1- to 4-mm (0.04- to 0.16-in.) aperture, by 2-ft-long, by 1.5-in.-height fractures where the fracture walls were 700 md unfired Berea sandstone. During the injection of a 1.5% high Mw and 2.0% low Mw polymer gel formulation, the partially formed gel fluid exhibited an effective viscosity of roughly 500 cp during placement in a 1-mm (0.04-in.) aperture fracture, and the matured gel exhibited exceptionally good fracture-plugging characteristics. The gel withstood 52 psi total differential pressure across the fracture length (26 psi/ft pressure gradient) for 24 hrs, while permitting no detectable brine flow through the gel-filled fracture. Subsequently when the differential pressure was increased to 175 psi (88 psi/ft pressure gradient), the gel rendered a brine permeability reduction factor in the fracture of 30,000. When placed in a 4-mm (0.16-in.) aperture fracture, a 25 psi/ft critical pressure gradient was required to render first and limited brine flow through the fracture containing gel of the same composition. After exceeding the critical pressure gradient, the stabilized permeability reduction factor imparted by the gel to brine flow in the fracture was 260,000. When increasing the brine flow rate through a gel-containing 4-mm fracture from 500 to 8,000 cm3/hr (superficial velocities of 260 to 4,100 ft/d in the open fracture), the stabilized permeability reduction factor decreased from 100,000 to 39,000. The high and low Mw CC/AP gel exhibited significant disproportionate permeability reduction (DPR) effects during oil and brine flow through gel-filled fractures. The magnitude of the DPR effect decreased with increasing flow rate (and differential pressure). The effect also decreased with increasing number of flooding cycles with brine and oil.
A Minimax Theorem with Applications to Machine Learning, Signal Processing, and Finance (2008)

This paper concerns a fractional function of the form $x^Ta/\sqrt{x^TBx}$, where B is positive definite. We consider the game of choosing x from a convex set, to maximize the function, and choosing $(a,B)$ from a convex set, to minimize it. We prove the existence of a saddle point and describe an efficient method, based on convex optimization, for computing it. We describe applications in machine learning (robust Fisher linear discriminant analysis), signal processing (robust beamforming and robust matched filtering), and finance (robust portfolio selection). In these applications, x corresponds to some design variables to be chosen, and the pair $(a,B)$ corresponds to the statistical model, which is uncertain.
Distributed multi-frequency image reconstruction for\n radio-interferometry (2016)

The advent of enhanced technologies in radio interferometry and the\nperspective of the SKA telescope bring new challenges in image reconstruction.\nOne of these challenges is the spatio-spectral reconstruction of large\n(Terabytes) data cubes with high fidelity. This contribution proposes an\nalternative implementation of one such 3D prototype algorithm, MUFFIN\n(MUlti-Frequency image reconstruction For radio INterferometry), which combines\nspatial and spectral analysis priors. Using a recently proposed primal dual\nalgorithm, this new version of MUFFIN allows a parallel implementation where\ncomputationally intensive steps are split by spectral channels. This\nparallelization allows to implement computationally demanding translation\ninvariant wavelet transforms (IUWT), as opposed to the union of bases used\npreviously. This alternative implementation is important as it opens the\npossibility of comparing these efficient dictionaries, and others, in\nspatio-spectral reconstruction. Numerical results show that the IUWT-based\nversion can be successfully implemented at large scale with performances\ncomparable to union of bases.\n
Diode laser modules based on new developments in tapered and broad area diode laser bars (2008)

In the last few years an increasing demand for high-brightness diode laser sources is observable, which is mainly driven by applications for fiber laser pumping and materials processing. A number of different approaches have been investigated in the past for the realization of such systems. In this paper we compare different concepts for high-brightness, high-power diode laser modules that are based on the new generation of tapered diode laser bars and new developments in broad area diode laser bars, respectively. One of the main advantages of tapered diode laser bars is the good beam quality in the slow-axis direction, which allows the design of high-power laser systems with a symmetric beam profile without the necessity of using sophisticated beam shaping systems. Such laser modules with multiple bars aiming for kilowatt output power can be realized with different incoherent coupling principles, including spatial multiplexing, polarization multiplexing and wavelength multiplexing. On the other hand, modules with a single or only a few tapered diode laser bars aim for very high brightness suitable for fiber coupling with fiber diameters down to 50 &mu;m with a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.22. In this paper we present a detailed characterization of the new generation of tapered diode laser bars, including typical electro-optical data, measurements of beam quality and lifetime data. Tapered diode laser bars typically suffer from a broad spectrum which is extremely obstructive for pumping applications with small absorption bandwidths. To overcome this disadvantage we used volume bragg gratings (VBG) to improve the spectral quality of tapered diode laser bars. In addition to further improve the brightness of such diode laser systems we investigated external phaseplates to correct for smile and lens aberrations.
Detection Method of Lane Change Intentions in Other Drivers Using Hidden Markov Models (2015)

Previous researches reported that a lane change is the main cause of vehicle accidents. Therefore, inferring behaviors in other drivers and alarming to a driver are crucial tasks for safety. In this paper we propose a method to estimate lane change intentions in other drivers using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). Comparing the proposed method with previous researches, we confirmed this method has higher accuracy to detect a lane change in other vehicles. And the method can recognize a slow lane change which is remained as a problem.
Abstract 133: HUVECs Support Bone Formation Of ADSC-loaded Osteogenic Matrices In The Rat AV Loop Model (2020)

Purpose: Large volume bone defects can be challenging for the reconstructive surgeon with regard to donor side morbidity. An elegant strategy to circumvent the limiting donor side morbidity is the generation of bioartificial bone tissue. Bearing in mind that the interplay between angiogenesis and osteogenesis is a crucial prerequisite we set our focus on the microvascular endothelium. The microvascular network does not only support oxygen and nutrition supply but also plays an important role in osteogenic differentiation via heterotypic cell contacts. Using an arteriovenous fistula (AV loop), the surgically induced angiogenesis is a powerful tool to enhance intrinsic vascularization of osteogenic matrices. Due to their easy isolation, expansion and osteogenic differentiation potential adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering applications. This study aimed at the generation of bioartificial bone tissue using osteogenic differentiated human ADSCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) embedded in a hydroxyapatite matrix vascularized by an AV loop. Methods: An osteogenic composite scaffold was generated using hydroxyapatite granula and fibrin. Four experimental groups were performed. Group A represented the control group without cells. The other groups contained 2 x 106 HUVECs (group B), ADSCs (group C) and both cell types (group D). Intrinsic vascularization was induced using an arteriovenous fistula (AV loop) between the saphenous artery and vein connected with a venous interponat. The osteogenic scaffolds and the AV loop were embedded in a porous titanium chamber, combining extrinsic and intrinsic vascularization, fixed subcutaneously in the hind leg of RNU rats. Explantation and histological analysis of the specimen was performed after 6 weeks. Results: In all experimental groups we were able to prove incipient vascularization of the matrices with newly formed fibrovasculare tissue originating from the AV loop. In all cell containing groups vascularized bone tissue was found with significantly more bone tissue in the ADSC-HUVEC coimplantation group. Interestingly, the cell implantation did not affect the matrix vascularization. Conclusion: For the first time we successfully demonstrated vascularization and human bone tissue formation in the rat AV loop model using ADSCs and/or HUVECs. Moreover, the coimplantation of ADSCs and HUVECs seems to be advantageous compared to the single cell use. Taken together the coimplantation of ADSCs and HUVECs is a promising approach for bone tissue engineering applications.