gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The estimated patterns of energy load annual changes (2001)

In recent years, energy conservation is one of large social problems and many studies with respect to combined heat and power have investigated the potential of energy saving. It is required to predict energy demand in the future in order to estimate how CHP can reduce primary energy consumption. The objectives of this study are analyzing the trend of daily load curves for electric power, cooling and heating in residential and commercial sectors ; and forecasting future load curves in the years of 2010 and 2020. Energy demand in each time period is correlated to GDP and seasonal temperature, and regression analysis gave good estimation with correlation coefficient of almost unity for most of periods. The results show that peak demands for cooling and heating in 2020 grow 1.9 times and 1.6 times as much as that in 1997, respectively, under the assumption of GDP growth rate of 2%.
Single-crystalline, wormlike hematite photoanodes for efficient solar water splitting (2013)

A hematite photoanode showing a stable, record-breaking performance of 4.32 mA/cm² photoelectrochemical water oxidation current at 1.23 V vs. RHE under simulated 1-sun (100 mW/cm²) irradiation is reported. This photocurrent corresponds to ca. 34% of the maximum theoretical limit expected for hematite with a band gap of 2.1 V. The photoanode produced stoichiometric hydrogen and oxygen gases in amounts close to the expected values from the photocurrent. The hematitle has a unique single-crystalline "wormlike" morphology produced by in-situ two-step annealing at 550°C and 800°C of β-FeOOH nanorods grown directly on a transparent conducting oxide glass via an all-solution method. In addition, it is modified by platinum doping to improve the charge transfer characteristics of hematite and an oxygen-evolving co-catalyst on the surface.
40-Gb/s TDM-PON Downstream with Low-Cost EML Transmitter and 3-Level Detection APD Receiver (2016)

We report a cost-effective 40-Gb/s TDM-PON downstream utilizing an integrated DFB-EAM in OLT and an APD-based 3-level detection receiver in ONU, achieving a high power budget of 23.4 dB in real time operation.
[Proposal for the practical use of fluoride gel and disposable trays--why and how]. (1979)

A black and white postcard of Roosevelt's cabin sent to John Richtarik with an invitation that "if you come out on Friday than Albert will go with us and stay till Sunday." The postcard has red text on the front which reads: "Theodore Roosevelt's Dakota claim shack, where he lived on Ranch from 1883-1886." The card was printed in Germany.
Cheap and Easy Parallelism for Matlab on Linux Clusters. (2005)

Matlab is the most popular platform for rapid prototyping and development of scientific and engineering applications. A typical university computing lab will have Matlab installed on a set of networked Linux workstations. With the growing availability of distributed computing networks, many third-party software libraries have been developed to support parallel execution of Matlab programs in such a setting. These libraries typically run on top of a message-passing library, which can lead to a variety of complications and difficulties. One alternative, a distributed-computing toolkit from the makers of Matlab, is prohibitively expensive for many users. As a third alternative, we present PECON, a very small, easy-to-use Matlab class library that simplifies the task of parallelizing existing Matlab programs. PECON exploits Matlab’s built-in Java Virtual Machine to pass data structures between a central client and several “compute servers ” using sockets, thereby avoiding reliance on lower-level messagepassing software or disk i/o. PECON is free, open-source software than runs ”out of the box ” without any additional installation or modification of system parameters. This arrangement makes it trivial to parallelize and run existing applications in which time is mainly spent on computing results from small amounts of data. We show how using PECON for one such application – a genetic algorithm for evolving cellular automata – leads to linear reduction in execution time. Finally, we show an application – computing the Mandelbrot set – in which element-wise matrix computations can be performed in parallel, resulting in dramatic speedup.
An application of log-Gabor filter on road detection in arid environments for forward looking buried object detection (2015)

For road implanted explosive hazard detection, detecting the road at distance is critical for the classification algorithms and for sensor positioning to maintain road view during turns. In this paper, we propose the use of the Log-Gabor Filter (LGF) to enhance our road detection system. The LGF can be used to suppress the road-like pixels in the image. By filtering the unpaved road images with varying scales and orientations of the LGF and a combination of basic image processing techniques, evidence images of the road are created. Each evidence image is a binary image where value one at any pixel represents evidence of the road at that pixel. Otherwise the value will be zero. However, the maximum distance for generating evidence of the road varies for each image. Therefore, additionally, a road model is utilized. Using the least squares algorithm, the road model is optimized to fit the support of the road presented in each image. By specifying the length of the road on the optimized model, the distance of road detection can also be specified. Thus, utilizing the LGF and the road model allows our system to detect poorly defined dirt roads as far as forty meters as shown for a winding road at an arid U.S. Army test site.
Phenotypic analyses of rice lse2 and lse3 mutants that exhibit hyperaccumulation of starch in the leaf blades (2014)

The distinct phenotypes of these three LSE mutants suggest that the LSE2 and LSE3 mutations occur because of disruption of novel genes that might be involved in the path of sucrose transport from mesophyll cells to phloem sieve elements in rice leaves, the mechanism for which has not yet been elucidated.
Parl Deficiency in Mouse Causes Coenzyme Q Depletion, Complex III Defects, and Leigh-like Syndrome (2018)

ABSTRACT The mitochondrial intramembrane rhomboid protease Parl has been implicated in diverse functions in vitro , but its physiological role in vivo remains unclear. Here we show that Parl ablation in mouse causes a striking necrotizing encephalomyelopathy similar to Leigh syndrome, a mitochondrial disease characterized by disrupted energy production. Mice with conditional Parl deficiency in the nervous system, but not in muscle, develop a similar phenotype as germline Parl knockouts demonstrating the vital role of Parl in neurological homeostasis. Genetic modification of two major Parl substrates, Pink1 and Pgam5, do not modify this severe neurological phenotype. Parl -/- brain mitochondria are affected by defects in Complex III activity and in coenzyme Q biosynthesis. Parl is necessary for the stable expression of Ttc19, required for Complex III activity, and of Coq4, essential in coenzyme Q biosynthesis. Thus, Parl plays a previously overseen constitutive role in the maintenance of the respiratory chain in the nervous system, and its deficiency causes progressive mitochondrial dysfunction and Leigh-like syndrome.
An immunoprotective monoclonal antibody to lipopolysaccharide. (1984)

The ability of antisera against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) raised by immunization with gram-negative bacteria to prevent LPS toxicity and death from gram-negative bacteremia is well established. To demonstrate conclusively that the protective antibody is specific for LPS, we tested an anti-LPS monoclonal antibody (mAb) in three animal models. 7G is an IgG3 mAb directed against an oligosaccharide side chain determinant of LPS from E. coli 0111:B4. This anti-LPS mAb increased the LD50 of 0111:B4 LPS in mice and protected rabbits against the dermal Shwartzman reaction elicited by 0111:B4 LPS. 7G mAb also protected mice against lethal infection with mucin-enhanced E. coli 0111:B4. Pretreatment with 250 micrograms of 7G increased the LD50 by more than 1.5 logs. These studies prove that oligosaccharide side chain-specific antibody to LPS confers protection against LPS toxicity in vivo and against experimental gram-negative infection. In addition, these studies suggest the potential of anti-LPS monoclonal antibody as therapy for gram-negative infection.
Imbalance Effects in Rotor Systems Under High Angular Accelerations (1994)

To assess correctly the effects of transient vibration in a system with imbalance care is required in modelling the system. This is particularly true in cases of extreme imbalance e.g. a blade-off simulation in turbo-machinery. Generally, however, the imbalance is modelled as a simple mrΩ2 term applied when the blade is released but this does not include all possible terms. This paper presents the detailed equations of motion of a flexible rotor system with distributed imbalance. The equations are presented in a rotating coordinate system. The modelling includes coupling between the torsional, lateral and axial motions. A simpler model of a two disk system is then presented in fixed coordinates. The disks which can move laterally am connected by a massless shaft which has both lateral and torsional stiffness giving the system six degrees of freedom. An analysis is presented showing that the model is the same as the conventional model for steady state circular orbits. Results from a simplified blade-off simulation are then presented and compared to the standard mrΩ2 model. The conclusion drawn from these simulations is that the additional terms should be included for high angular acceleration transient problems.
HINT: A new way to measure computer speed (1995)

The computing community has long faced the problem of scientifically comparing different computers and different algorithms. When speeds or architectures or methods are very different, it is difficult or misleading to compare by taking the ratio of execution times, keeping all other things fixed. This paper presents a practical and fair approach that provides mathematically sound comparison of computational performance even when the algorithm, the computer, and the precision are changed. The HINT method removes the need for pseudo-work measures such as ``Mflop/s`` or ``MIPS.`` It is designed to be particularly revealing of memory bandwidth and memory hierarchies. The scalability of HINT allows it to compare computing as slow as hand calculation to computing as fast as the largest supercomputer systems. It ports to every sequential and parallel programming environment with very little effort, permitting fair but low-cost comparison of any architecture capable of digital arithmetic.
Optimizing positive end-expiratory pressure by oscillatory mechanics minimizes tidal recruitment and distension: an experimental study in a lavage model of lung injury (2012)

Using FOT it was possible to measure EX5 both at end-expiration and at end-inspiration. The optimal PEEP strategy based on end-expiratory EX5 minimized intra-tidal recruitment/derecruitment as assessed by CT, and the concurrent attenuation of intra-tidal variations of EX5 suggests that it may also minimize tidal mechanical stress.
Magnetic domain walls: from physics to devices (2021)

Electrical manipulation of magnetic domain walls (DWs) offers a novel way to process and store information for computation. DW devices are thus considered as one of the emerging candidates for next-generation electronics. Here, we first review recent developments of DW devices with the focus on the technical challenges to realize nanoscale DW devices. We will show our development of a hybrid free layer concept which successfully tackles the integration challenges to achieve full electrical control of nanoscale DW devices. Finally, the prospective of device geometries for complex logic functionalities will be discussed.
Mathematical and experimental analysis of localization of anti-tumour antibody–enzyme conjugates (1999)

Considerable research has been aimed at improving the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents for cancer therapy. A promising two-step approach that is designed to minimize systemic drug toxicity while maximizing activity in tumours employs monoclonal antibody (mAb)-enzyme conjugates for the activation of anticancer prodrugs. We present, analyse and numerically simulate a mathematical model based on the biology of the system to study the biodistribution, pharmacokinetics and localization properties of mAb-enzyme conjugates in tumour tissue. The model predictions were compared with experimental observations and an excellent correlation was found to exist. In addition, the critical parameters affecting conjugate half-life were determined to be the inter-capillary half-distance and the antibody-antigen binding affinity. An approximation is presented relating the per cent injected dose per gram to inter-capillary half-distance and time. Finally, the model was used to examine various dosing strategies in an attempt to determine which regimen would provide the best biodistribution results. We compared the results of administering a uniform dose of fusion protein via bolus injection, multiple injections and continuous infusion. The model predicts that dosing strategy has little effect on the amount of conjugate that localizes in the tumour.
Forward Light Scatter at One Month After Photorefractive Keratectomy (1995)

In these data, there is no support for the hypothesis that forward light scatter increases significantly 1 month after PRK with an ablation zone of 6 mm. Any increases in forward light scatter are unlikely to be greater than a factor of 1.5 to 2 under daytime or nighttime illumination conditions.
Apolipoprotein CII-Padova (Tyr37--&gt;stop) as a cause of chylomicronaemia in an Italian kindred from Siculiana. (1994)

In this paper we report on the molecular defect underlying apolipoprotein CII (apoCII) deficiency in an Italian kindred. ApoCII serves as cofactor for lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in triglyceride hydrolysis of chylomicrons and very low density lipoproteins. Homozygous apoCII deficiency manifests with type I hyperlipoproteinaemia and is a rare disorder of lipoprotein metabolism. Until now, only 10 kindreds with apoCII deficiency have been published and all underlying mutations were unique. The proband was the offspring of a consanguineous mating. Sequencing of cloned DNA from the proband presented in this report showed homozygosity for a C-->A substitution at position 3002 in the apoCII gene, resulting in the introduction of a premature stop codon at residue 37 of the mature apoCII protein. Therefore, a truncated apoCII is synthesised, lacking the part of the apolipoprotein that activates LPL. This mutation has previously been described in another Italian family and is known as apoCIIPadova. We propose that apoCIIPadova is a frequent cause of apoCII deficiency in persons of Italian descent.
Electrochemical fabrication of tin nanowires: A short review (2008)

This work gives a short overview of recent electrochemical techniques that are employed to grow tin nanowires. After a brief description about patterning and templating methods, a novel protocol based on the formation of tin nanowires which are electrochemically grown on titania nanotube guide layers will be presented.
156 Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Chronic Neuropathic Pain and its Modulation (2012)

INTRODUCTION: Chronic pain affects 70 million American and its cost to the US economy is over $150 billion per annum. A critical first step in the design of innovative treatments for chronic pain is the development of new methods to evaluate pain and the cerebral "signature" for its perception and modulation, and in so doing, be able to monitor the effect of new therapies on pain in an objective fashion. METHODS: Subjects with fully implanted thoracic epidural spinal cord stimulator (SCS) for the treatment of chronic refractory neuropathic leg pain underwent resting state functional MRI scans with the SCS in the OFF and ON states. Pain quantification was based on the Visual-Analog Scale (VAS). Images were acquired using a 3 Tesla MRI system. Prior to the study, a detailed safety assessment of the devices to be used in the MRI field in this study was performed. The amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and fractional ALFF (fALFF) were calculated using the Fourier transform of the temporal data. Seed-based correlation analysis was used to assess the functional connectivity. RESULTS: We demonstrated that spinal cord stimulation was associated with significant changes in ALFF in patients undergoing resting state fMRI. The changes were more prominent in the region of the medial orbitofrontal cortex, anterior insula, nucleus accumbens and amygdala (Figures 1a, 1b). Seed-based analysis of similarity coefficients in ALFF for the medial orbitofrontal cortex, anterior insula, nucleus accumbens and amygdale showed quantifiable changes in these regions with the SCS in the OFF state compared to the ON states at stimulation parameters associated with optimal pain reduction, paresthesia perception and discomfort (Figure 2a-d). CONCLUSION: Resting state fMRI in patients receiving spinal cord stimulation for neuropathic leg pain showed robust, consistent and quantifiable changes in the ALFF in the medial orbitofrontal cortex, anterior insula, nucleus accumbens and amygdala. Large-amplitude, spatially correlated fluctuations in resting state fMRI signals may be a neuroimaging surrogate for higher order pain perception and its modulation.
FDI, gender spillovers and firm productivity: the Namibian case (2023)

The benefits of FDI to domestic firms encompass technology and knowledge diffusion, known as spillovers. Knowledge transmission from MNCs can largely differ between total labour and female labour, yet this critical distinction remains a void in the literature. Using data from the World Bank Enterprises Survey and a new measure of spillovers to capture the gender dimension, this study provides empirical evidence on the impact of FDI spillovers on domestic firm productivity in both Namibia's manufacturing and services sectors. The study finds a general negative effect of gender spillovers on domestic services firms' productivity, and none in the manufacturing sector. However, the productivity effects of gender spillovers are positive when conditioned on managers' years of experience in both sectors as well as on technology in the manufacturing sector. These findings provide important policy implications on how technology and managerial expertise can be used to tap into the potential of female employees to absorb their productivity benefits.
Auto-immune pancreatitis in children: working guidelines for diagnosis and management (2016)

Aim: We aim to develop a working definition and diagnostic approach for AIP in children. Background: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is an increasingly recognized disease entity, but data in children are limited. Pediatric gastroenterologists relied on adult AIP guidelines but disease presentation and outcome of AIP in children might differ from the adult experience. Methods: Clinical data, imaging, histology, and treatment modalities were collected using 2 different approaches: (1) a systematic literature search and (2) children with an AIP diagnosis from the largest multicenter study of chronic pancreatitis in children (INSPPIRE) and from Cliniques St-Luc (CUSL). We then sought expert opinion from pediatric pancreatologists. Results: We identified 44 AIP cases, 26 from literature review, 14 from the INSPPIRE and 4 from CUSL cohort. The median age at diagnosis was 13.2 years. Abdominal pain (39/44, 87%) and/or obstructive jaundice (20/44, 45%) were the most reported symptoms at diagnosis. Elevated IgG4 levels was seen in only 8/38 (21%). Cross-sectional imaging was abnormal in all children mainly showing hypointense global or focal gland enlargement (35/43, 81%), irregularity of the main pancreatic duct (29/43, 67%) and common bile duct stricture (25/43, 58%). Lymphoplasmacytic inflammation, pancreas fibrosis and ductal granulocyte infiltration were the main histologic findings (18/25, 72%). Children with AIP had a prompt clinical response to steroids. Complications of AIP included impaired exocrine (4/25,16%) and/or endocrine (3/27,11%) function. Conclusion: AIP in children is a distinct subtype of pancreatitis. Based on these observations, we established working guidelines to help identification and management of children with AIP and pave the way for future studies.
Novel High Performance <i>ansa</i>-Zirconocene Catalysts for Isospecific Polymerization of Propylene (1999)

Abstract The introduction of furyl groups to the position next to the silylene bridge of an ansa-zirconocene catalyst was found to remarkably enhance the catalytic activity and the molecular weight of PP during the isospecific polymerization of propylene.
The radiation response of the high dielectric-constant hafnium oxide/silicon system (2002)

We have explored the radiation response of the HfO/sub 2//Si system with a combination of capacitance versus voltage and electron spin resonance measurements on capacitor and bare oxide structures subjected to /sup 60/Co gamma irradiation and vacuum ultraviolet irradiation. Our studies have utilized both (100)Si and (111)Si substrate structures. Capacitors have been irradiated under both positive and negative gate bias as well as with the gate floating. We find the "electronic" radiation response of the HfO/sub 2//Si system to be different from that of the Si/SiO/sub 2/ system. However, we find that the HfO/sub 2//Si interface defects and their response to hydrogen are quite similar to those of the Si/SiO/sub 2/ interface defects. We also find that the HfO/sub 2//Si atomic scale defects and their response to irradiation different from that of the Si/SiO/sub 2/ system. We find the radiation response of the HfO/sub 2//Si capacitors to be dominated by a very large buildup of negative oxide charge. We observe comparably little, if any, generation of Si/dielectric interface trap density, though we do observe substantial densities of Si/dielectric interface trap defects. The concentration of these defects is not measurably altered by irradiation. The structure of the most prominently observed HfO/sub 2//Si interface defects is somewhat similar to those observed in Si/SiO/sub 2/ systems. We observe comparatively little, if any, generation of slow traps/border traps/switching traps near the Si/HfO/sub 2/ interface.
YM‐266183 and YM‐266184, Novel Thiopeptide Antibiotics Produced by Bacillus cereus Isolated from a Marine Sponge. Part 1. Taxonomy, Fermentation, Isolation, Physico‐Chemical Properties and Biological Properties. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.