gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeting Mechanoresponsive Proteins in Pancreatic Cancer: 4-Hydroxyacetophenone Blocks Dissemination and Invasion by Activating MYH14 (2019)

Metastasis is complex, involving multiple genetic, epigenetic, biochemical, and physical changes in the cancer cell and its microenvironment. Cells with metastatic potential are often characterized by altered cellular contractility and deformability, lending them the flexibility to disseminate and navigate through different microenvironments. We demonstrate that mechanoresponsiveness is a hallmark of pancreatic cancer cells. Key mechanoresponsive proteins, those that accumulate in response to mechanical stress, specifically nonmuscle myosin IIA (MYH9) and IIC (MYH14), α-actinin 4, and filamin B, were highly expressed in pancreatic cancer as compared with healthy ductal epithelia. Their less responsive sister paralogs-myosin IIB (MYH10), α-actinin 1, and filamin A-had lower expression differential or disappeared with cancer progression. We demonstrate that proteins whose cellular contributions are often overlooked because of their low abundance can have profound impact on cell architecture, behavior, and mechanics. Here, the low abundant protein MYH14 promoted metastatic behavior and could be exploited with 4-hydroxyacetophenone (4-HAP), which increased MYH14 assembly, stiffening cells. As a result, 4-HAP decreased dissemination, induced cortical actin belts in spheroids, and slowed retrograde actin flow. 4-HAP also reduced liver metastases in human pancreatic cancer-bearing nude mice. Thus, increasing MYH14 assembly overwhelms the ability of cells to polarize and invade, suggesting targeting the mechanoresponsive proteins of the actin cytoskeleton as a new strategy to improve the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that mechanoresponsive proteins become upregulated with pancreatic cancer progression and that this system of proteins can be pharmacologically targeted to inhibit the metastatic potential of pancreatic cancer cells.
Role Assignment for Game-Theoretic Cooperation: (Extended Abstract) (2016)

In multiagent systems, often agents need to be assigned to different roles. Multiple aspects should be taken into account for this, such as agents' skills and constraints posed by existing assignments. In this paper, we focus on another aspect: when the agents are self-interested, careful role assignment is necessary to make cooperative behavior an equilibrium of the repeated game. We formalize this problem and provide an easy-to-check necessary and sufficient condition for a given role assignment to induce cooperation. However, we show that finding whether such a role assignment exists is in general NP-hard. Nevertheless, we give two algorithms for solving the problem. The first is based on a mixed-integer linear program formulation. The second is based on a dynamic program, and runs in pseudopolynomial time if the number of agents is constant. Minor modifications of these algorithms also allow for determination of the minimal subsidy necessary to induce cooperation. In our experiments, the IP performs much, much faster.
Using keyboards with head mounted displays (2004)

Alphanumeric input is often required in many computer applications. Virtual reality (VR) applications are no exception. For instance, enabling the alphanumeric input can augment a typical VR based walkthrough system so that the user can make notes and annotations. However, methods for efficient alphanumeric input for HMD-based VR systems have only been treated in a limited way. A most typical approach is to use a virtual keyboard so that the users can leverage upon one's typing skill. However, such an approach requires intricate and difficult finger tracking and poses usability problems. Thus, we propose to use a real keyboard as a tangible interface to the virtual keyboard and provide natural haptic/tactile feedback. Instead of tracking the fingers with cumbersome devices, this paper demonstrates that finger positions can be approximated at sufficient accuracy for the typing task by only tracking the two hands. The concept of continuous calibration is introduced to compensate for the dynamically changing errors from the tracking devices, sensor positions, keyboard positions and assumed default hand sizes. The proposed alphanumeric input system is empirically compared to that of the real through an experiment, and the results show that users can indeed obtain near-real performance out of such a system.
ChemInform Abstract: Transfer of Hydrogen from Tin Formates. Reduction of Aldehydes and Ketones. Reduction of Aldehydes and Ketones. Transfer of Hydrogen from Alcohols. Catalysis by Compounds of Tin. (1984)

Abstract Mit Hilfe von Sn(IV)‐formiaten wie (II) erhält man aus den Oxoverbindungen (I) Alkohole wie (IIIa) als Reduktionsprodukte.
Comparative analysis of alternative polyadenylation in <i>S. cerevisiae</i> and <i>S. pombe</i> (2017)

Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is a widespread mechanism that generates mRNA isoforms with distinct properties. Here we have systematically mapped and compared cleavage and polyadenylation sites (PASs) in two yeast species, <i>S. cerevisiae</i> and <i>S. pombe</i> Although >80% of the mRNA genes in each species were found to display APA, <i>S. pombe</i> showed greater 3' UTR size differences among APA isoforms than did <i>S. cerevisiae</i> PASs in different locations of gene are surrounded with distinct sequences in both species and are often associated with motifs involved in the Nrd1-Nab3-Sen1 termination pathway. In <i>S. pombe,</i> strong motifs surrounding distal PASs lead to higher abundances of long 3' UTR isoforms than short ones, a feature that is opposite in <i>S. cerevisiae</i> Differences in PAS placement between convergent genes lead to starkly different antisense transcript landscapes between budding and fission yeasts. In both species, short 3' UTR isoforms are more likely to be expressed when cells are growing in nutrient-rich media, although different gene groups are affected in each species. Significantly, 3' UTR shortening in <i>S. pombe</i> coordinates with up-regulation of expression for genes involved in translation during cell proliferation. Using <i>S. pombe</i> strains deficient for Pcf11 or Pab2, we show that reduced expression of 3'-end processing factors lengthens 3' UTR, with Pcf11 having a more potent effect than Pab2. Taken together, our data indicate that APA mechanisms in <i>S. pombe</i> and <i>S. cerevisiae</i> are largely different: <i>S. pombe</i> has many of the APA features of higher species, and Pab2 in <i>S. pombe</i> has a different role in APA regulation than its mammalian homolog, PABPN1.
ChemInform Abstract: Anthelmintic Constituents of Clonostachys candelabrum (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Soft Conducting Elastomer for Peripheral Nerve Interface (2019)

State-of-the-art intraneural electrodes made from silicon or polyimide substrates have shown promise in selectively modulating efferent and afferent activity in the peripheral nervous system. However, when chronically implanted, these devices trigger a multiphase foreign body response ending in device encapsulation. The presence of encapsulation increases the distance between the electrode and the excitable tissue, which not only reduces the recordable signal amplitude but also requires increased current to activate nearby axons. Herein, this study reports a novel conducting polymer based intraneural electrode which has Young's moduli similar to that of nerve tissue. The study first describes material optimization of the soft wire conductive matrix and evaluates their mechanical and electrochemical properties. Second, the study demonstrates 3T3 cell survival when cultured with media eluted from the soft wires. Third, the study presents acute in vivo functionality for stimulation of peripheral nerves to evoke force and compound muscle action potential in a rat model. Furthermore, comprehensive histological analyses show that soft wires elicit significantly less scar tissue encapsulation, less changes to axon size, density and morphology, and reduced macrophage activation compared to polyimide implants in the sciatic nerves at 1 month postimplantation.
Gaussian belief space planning with discontinuities in sensing domains (2014)

Discontinuities in sensing domains are common when planning for many robotic navigation and manipulation tasks. For cameras and 3D sensors, discontinuities may be inherent in sensor field of view or may change over time due to occlusions that are created by moving obstructions and movements of the sensor. The associated gaps in sensor information due to missing measurements pose a challenge for belief space and related optimization-based planning methods since there is no gradient information when the system state is outside the sensing domain. We address this in a belief space context by considering the signed distance to the sensing region. We smooth out sensing discontinuities by assuming that measurements can be obtained outside the sensing region with noise levels depending on a sigmoid function of the signed distance. We sequentially improve the continuous approximation by increasing the sigmoid slope over an outer loop to find plans that cope with sensor discontinuities. We also incorporate the information contained in not obtaining a measurement about the state during execution by appropriately truncating the Gaussian belief state. We present results in simulation for tasks with uncertainty involving navigation of mobile robots and reaching tasks with planar robot arms. Experiments suggest that the approach can be used to cope with discontinuities in sensing domains by effectively re-planning during execution.
Effects of ibrutinib on proliferation and histamine release in canine neoplastic mast cells (2019)

The Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib is effective in the treatment of human chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and mantle cell lymphoma. Recent data have shown that ibrutinib also blocks IgE-dependent activation and histamine release in human basophils (BAs) and mast cells (MCs). The aim of this study was to investigate whether BTK serves as a novel therapeutic target in canine mast cell tumours (MCTs). We evaluated the effects of ibrutinib on two canine MC lines, C2 and NI-1 and on primary MCs obtained from canine MCTs (n = 3). Using flow cytometry, we found that ibrutinib suppresses phosphorylation of BTK and of downstream STAT5 in both MC lines. In addition, ibrutinib decreased proliferation of neoplastic MCs, with IC<sub>50</sub> values ranging between 0.1 and 1 μM in primary MCT cells and between 1 and 3 μM in C2 and NI-1 cells. In C2 cells, the combination "ibrutinib + midostaurin" produced synergistic growth-inhibitory effects. At higher concentrations, ibrutinib also induced apoptosis in both MC lines. Finally, ibrutinib was found to suppress IgE-dependent histamine release in primary MCT cells, with IC<sub>50</sub> values ranging from 0.05 to 0.1 μM in NI-1 cells, and from 0.05 to 1 μM in primary MCT cells. In summary, ibrutinib exerts anti-proliferative effects in canine neoplastic MCs and counteracts IgE-dependent histamine release in these cells. Based on our data, ibrutinib may be considered as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of canine MCT. The value of BTK inhibition in canine MCT patients remains to be elucidated in clinical trials.
Synthesis of Thiol Derivatives of Biological Active Compounds for Nanotechnology Application (2020)

An efficient method of thiol group introduction to the structure of common natural products and synthetic active compounds with recognized biological efficacy such genistein (<b>1</b>), 5,11-dimethyl-5<i>H</i>-indolo[2,3-b]quinolin (<b>2</b>), capecitabine (<b>3</b>), diosgenin (<b>4</b>), tigogenin (<b>5</b>), flumethasone (<b>6</b>), fluticasone propionate (<b>7</b>), ursolic acid methyl ester (<b>8</b>), and β-sitosterol (<b>9</b>) was developed. In most cases, the desired compounds were obtained easily via two-step processes involving esterification reaction employing S-trityl protected thioacetic acid and the corresponding hydoxy-derivative, followed by removal of the trityl-protecting group to obtain the final compounds. The results of our preliminary experiments forced us to change the strategy in the case of genistein (<b>1</b>), and the derivatization of diosgenin (<b>4</b>), tigogenin (<b>5</b>), and capecitabine (<b>3</b>) resulted in obtaining different compounds from those designed. Nevertheless, in all above cases we were able to obtain thiol-containing derivatives of selected biological active compounds. Moreover, a modelling study for the two-step thiolation of genistein and some of its derivatives was accomplished using the density functional theory (B3LP). A hypothesis on a possible reason for the unsuccessful deprotection of the thiolated genistein is also presented based on the semiempirical (PM7) calculations. The developed methodology gives access to new sulphur derivatives, which might find a potential therapeutic benefit.
Hall coefficient and magnetoresistance of two-dimensional spin-polarized electron systems (2006)

Recent measurements of the two-dimensional (2D) Hall resistance show that the Hall coefficient is independent of the applied in-plane magnetic field, i.e., the spin polarization of the system. We calculate the weak-field Hall coefficient and the magnetoresistance of a spin-polarized 2D system using the semiclassical transport approach based on the screening theory. We solve the coupled kinetic equations of the two carrier system including electron-electron interaction. We find that the in-plane magnetic field dependence of the Hall coefficient is suppressed by the weakening of screening and the electron-electron interaction. However, the in-plane magnetoresistance is mostly determined by the change of the screening of the system, and can therefore be strongly field dependent.
In-plane electric field confinement engineering in graphene-based hybrid plasmonic waveguides (2019)

Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are surface modes confined to metal-dielectric interfaces. This confinement enhances the electromagnetic field and therefore, SPPs are sensitive to surface conditions. The properties of two dimensional materials such as graphene thus can be enhanced and used to engineer nanoscale components for optical communications. However, SPPs are transverse magnetic modes with electric fields out-of-plane that limit flexibility. In this contribution, we numerically analyze the confinement and in-plane enhancement in graphene-based hybrid plasmonic waveguides. We find that plasmonic modes supported by metal nanoparticle chain waveguides provide higher in-plane enhancement compared to those supported by nano-strip and slot hybrid plasmonic waveguides. Our results contribute to the performance improvement of graphene light absorption devices, including electro-optic modulators and photodetectors.
Efeito de um composto de leveduras na incidência de diarreia em bezerras criadas em diferentes sistemas de alojamento (2020)

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação de um produto composto de cultura de levedura e levedura enzimaticamente hidrolisada na incidência de diarreia e no desenvolvimento corporal de bezerras leiteiras submetidas à diferentes sistemas de alojamento. Foram usadas cento e dezenove bezerras mantidas em dois sistemas de alojamento e divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos: grupo levedura (n = 62, 36 ao ar livre e 26 no curral) e grupo controle (n = 57, 30 ao ar livre e 27 no curral). O grupo levedura foi tratado com 8 ml de cultura de levedura / animal, que foi administrada oralmente uma vez por dia durante 42 dias. As medidas zootécnicas foram analisadas e a incidência de diarreia infecciosa foi monitorada, também foram realizadas coletas de sangue e fezes. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância por medidas repetidas do Software SAS, Tukey’s HSD e Teste Qui quadrado, sendo considerado diferença estatística (p≤0,05). Os animais do grupo controle criados ao ar livre apresentaram maior incidência de diarreia (80,00%) quando comparado aos animais do grupo tratamento (55,55%) (p=0,03). O período de maior incidência de diarreia (96,92%) foi nos primeiros 15 dias de vida (p
TBCRC 019: An open label, randomized, phase II trial of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PAC) with or without the anti-death receptor 5 (DR5) monoclonal antibody tigatuzumab (TIG) in patients with metastatic triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). (2013)

1052 Background: TIG, an agonistic anti-DR5 monoclonal antibody, triggers apoptosis in DR5+ human tumor cells without the aid of crosslinking. TIG has shown strong in vitro and in vivo activity against basal-like breast cancer cells that is enhanced by chemotherapy like paclitaxel. Methods: Randomized 2:1 phase II trial of nab-PAC with/without TIG in TNBC patients. Patients stratified by prior exposure to chemotherapy in the metastatic setting. Patients received nab-PAC weekly x 3 and TIG every other week, every 28 days. Primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR). Secondary objectives were safety, progression free survival (PFS), TIG immunogenicity, and PK. Biopsies and circulating tumor cells were collected. The trial was not powered to compare arms but allowed early stopping for futility and was sized to estimate ORR with 95% CI. Results: 64 patients enrolled, 60 treated; 39 in the combination arm and 21 in the nab-PAC arm. Of the 39 in the combination arm, there were 2 CR, 9 PR (1 near CR, 96% tumor reduction), 11 SD and 17 PD; ORR 28% (95% CI 14%-42%). Of the 21 in the single agent arm, there were no CR, 8 PR, 4 SD and 9 PD; ORR 38% (95% CI 17%-59%). Higher ORRs were seen in the chemotherapy naïve patients (58% vs. 15% combination and 42% vs. 35% single agent). 2 patients with CR, 1 near CR, and 1 PR in the combination arm are still on therapy (602+, 531+, 466+, 460+ days). PFS was similar in both groups (3.6 months); higher in chemotherapy naïve patients. Combination was well tolerated (most toxicities grade 1/2); the most common AEs were fatigue, alopecia, peripheral sensory neuropathy, anemia, neutropenia, nausea, thrombocytopenia, anorexia, diarrhea, and vomiting. No grade 4 or 5 toxicity. No apparent added toxicity with TIG was seen. Conclusions: Combination therapy with nab-PAC + TIG was well tolerated, without apparent improvement in ORR relative to nab-PAC alone; however, 4 subjects treated as first-line had prolonged clinical benefit with the combination, and correlative studies will investigate markers that might predict clinical outcome (Next-Gen genomic analysis). Clinical trial information: F101004001.
Familial Pseudohyperkalemia: A Rare Cause of Hyperkalemia (2005)

A previously healthy 19-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital because of hyperkalemia. Pseudohyperkalemia was diagnosed because there was a marked difference between levels of serum and plasma potassium. Her plasma potassium level was markedly increased after 6-hour in vitro incubation of blood at room temperature, suggesting excessive potassium release from red blood cells without coagulation. The plasma potassium levels of the patient and her father were markedly elevated in blood specimens incubated in vitro at 4 degrees C, but not at 37 degrees C. These data indicated pseudohyperkalemia syndrome caused by abnormal leakage of potassium from red blood cells at the lower temperatures.
Supplementary Figure Legends from HSP90 Inhibitor–SN-38 Conjugate Strategy for Targeted Delivery of Topoisomerase I Inhibitor to Tumors (2023)

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Influence of beam intensity profile on the aerodynamic particle size distributions generated by femtosecond laser ablation (2010)

Abstract The dependence of nanoparticle size distributions on laser intensity profile was determined during infrared femtosecond laser ablation of silver targets in air. Laser parameters were adjusted to ablate at the same peak fluence with spatially homogeneous (flat-top) and inhomogeneous (Gaussian) intensity distributions formed by diffractive optical elements. Aerodynamic particle size was measured online by an electric low-pressure cascade impactor. Narrower size distributions were detected for the flat-top intensity profile in the fluence range from 0.6 to 4.4 J/cm 2 , while the Gaussian beam produced broad and bimodal distributions. The aerodynamic number frequency of the primary nanoparticulate fraction (40 nm) was equal to the number frequency of the submicron agglomerate fraction (200 nm) at laser fluence of 1 J/cm 2 . The Feret diameter of primary particles was 80 nm. Geometrical interpretation of the irradiated spots at the corresponding laser fluence regimes explains the formation of bimodal (submicron and nanoparticulate) size distribution in the case of Gaussian beams. The bimodality is attributed to different thermalization pathways during laser ablation.
Integrative analyses of genetic variation in enzyme activities of primary carbohydrate metabolism reveal distinct modes of regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana (2008)

Future studies of the regulatory processes in primary carbohydrate metabolism will benefit from an integrative genetic analysis of gene transcription, enzyme activity, and metabolite content. The multiparallel QTL analyses of the various interconnected transducers of biological information flow, described here for the first time, can assist in determining the causes and consequences of genetic regulation at different levels of complex biological systems.
Sitagliptin plus pantoprazole can restore but not maintain insulin independence after clinical islet transplantation: results of a pilot study (2016)

Sitagliptin plus pantoprazole is well tolerated and safe and may restore insulin independence in some islet transplant recipients with early graft insufficiency, but this was not sustained when treatment was withdrawn. A larger, controlled trial is required to confirm the effectiveness of this combination to achieve insulin independence and to confidently exclude any persistent benefit for graft function. (Clinical Trials Registry No.: NCT00768651).
A Highly Efficient Ultrawideband Traveling-Wave Amplifier in InP DHBT Technology (2018)

This letter presents a 1 to >110-GHz ultrawideband traveling-wave amplifier (TWA) based on 500-nm transferred-substrate InP double-heterojunction bipolar transistor technology. The HBT cells are realized with inductive peaking at the output and match the phase delay between individual stages. The collector bias is slightly below the value for the maximum current gain. This allows a frequency-invariant high-output power characteristic with a flat group delay. The amplifier exhibits a gain of 13 dB with a measured bandwidth of 1-110 GHz and a uniform 10-dBm 1-dB compression output power with an associated maximum PAE of 8% at 110 GHz. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest PAE and the maximum flat output power reported for such a TWA covering frequencies up to 170 GHz. The amplifier consumes only 129 mW, which is among the lowest dc power dissipations reported for the given gain-bandwidth product. Moreover, the group delay is flat across the band, which makes the TWA very useful in high-speed optical communication systems.