gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formulation of Visible Light-Curable Glass-Ionomer Cements Containing N-Vinylpyrrolidone (1998)

Abstract The best graft ratio of the light-curable N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) modified terpolymers (LC NVPM TPs) with the molar ratio of 8:2:1 (acrylic acid:itaconic acid:NVP) and the optimal formulation for this light-curable glass-ionomer cement, based on the best graft ratio, were determined. Statistical models were utilized to predict the optimal formulations. The terpolymer was prepared using a free-radical polymerization reaction. The LC NVPM TPs were produced by grafting 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (IEM) onto the terpolymer. Cements were formed by both light-curing and the reaction with glass particles. Compressive strength was used as the basic screening property to find the optimal formulation. Diametral tensile and flexural strengths were also used to evaluate the mechanical properties. The strength values were recorded on the specimens conditioned in distilled water at 37&C for 24 hours or 7 days. The best graft ratio for IEM in this system was 15% of the terpolymer by a molar ratio. The optimal formulation was found to be at the weight ratio of 55:15:30 [LC NVPM TP:2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA): H2O]. Stress-strain curves showed that a relatively high amount of water in the formulation led to higher elastic modulus and proportional limit and lower malleability, whereas a relatively high amount of HEMA gave the opposite results. The light-curable NVP modified glass-ionomer cements showed statistically significantly higher values in compressive, diametral tensile, and flexural strengths than the commercial VitremerTM.
A fast and scalable kymograph alignment algorithm for nanochannel-based\n optical DNA mappings (2013)

Optical mapping by direct visualization of individual DNA molecules,\nstretched in nanochannels with sequence-specific fluorescent labeling,\nrepresents a promising tool for disease diagnostics and genomics. An important\nchallenge for this technique is thermal motion of the DNA as it undergoes\nimaging; this blurs fluorescent patterns along the DNA and results in\ninformation loss. Correcting for this effect (a process referred to as\nkymograph alignment) is a common preprocessing step in nanochannel-based\noptical mapping workflows, and we present here a highly efficient algorithm to\naccomplish this via pattern recognition. We compare our method with the one\nprevious approach, and we find that our method is orders of magnitude faster\nwhile producing data of similar quality. We demonstrate proof of principle of\nour approach on experimental data consisting of melt mapped bacteriophage DNA.\n
Nanoscale Lateral Field-Emission Triode Operating at Atmospheric Pressure (2001)

A nano-triode fabricated out of doped silicon-on-insulator material is demonstrated. Low turn-on voltages and the possibility of direct integration into existing silicon technology are but two of the advantages of these new devices. It is also possible to tune the current collected at the drain electrode by biasing the gate electrodes. The Figure depicts a scanning electron micrograph of the free-standing silicon nanostructure.
Identification of divalent metal ion-dependent inhibition of activated protein C by alpha 2-macroglobulin and alpha 2-antiplasmin in blood and comparisons to inhibition of factor Xa, thrombin, and plasmin. (1991)

The half-life of activated protein C (APC) was 31 min in citrated blood and 18 min in whole blood. Immunoblotting analysis of citrated blood identified APC-protein C inhibitor (APC-PCI) and APC-alpha 1-antitrypsin complexes. Whole blood contained two additional APC-inhibitor complexes, one stimulated by Ca2+ and another by Mg2+. The former was identified as APC-alpha 2-macroglobulin (APC-alpha 2M) while the latter was not identified. APC-alpha 2-antiplasmin complexes (APC-alpha 2AP) were identified, comigrating with APC-PCI complexes. Purified alpha 2M and alpha 2AP inhibited APC in the presence of Ca2+ (k2 = 99 and 100 M-1 S-1, respectively. Inhibition of APC and Factor Xa by alpha 2M and inhibition of APC by alpha 2AP was stimulated by Ca2+, Mn2+, and Mg2+. Inhibition of thrombin by alpha 2M and of plasmin by alpha 2AP was not altered by EDTA or Ca2+, suggesting divalent metal ions affect APC and Factor Xa rather than the inhibitors. k2 values for the APC inhibitors and their plasma concentrations suggest that PCI and alpha 1-antitrypsin are the more important APC inhibitors and that alpha 2M and alpha 2AP are metal ion-dependent auxiliary inhibitors. Inhibitors can account for the in vivo half-life of APC.
A 10.8-14.5GHz 8-Phase 12.5%-Duty-Cycle Non-Overlapping LO Generator with Automatic Phase-and-Duty-Cycle Calibration for 60-GHz 8-Path-Filtering Sub-Sampling Receivers (2023)

A 10.8-14.5GHz 8-phase 12.5%-duty-cycle non-overlapping LO generator is proposed for 60-GHz 8-path-filtering sub-sampling receivers. A 4-stage ring oscillator is followed by reconfigurable injection-locked-oscillator NOR gates to generate 8-phase 12.5%-duty-cycle signals featuring automatic successive phase calibration and automatic frequency-domain duty-cycle calibration. The generator prototype measures minimum phase errors of ~0.1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sup> and maximum 4 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> -harmonic output power of -5dBm with >30dB improvement while consuming 77.8mW from a 1V supply.
Model-based constraints for trajectory determination of quad-copters: Design, calibration &amp; merits for direct orientation (2023)

This paper proposes a novel method to improve georeferencing of airborne laser scanning by improved trajectory estimation using Vehicle Dynamic Model. In Vehicle Dynamic Model (VDM), the relationship between the dynamics of the platform and control inputs is used as additional observations for sensor fusion. This relationship is available for most platforms and can be used without the need for additional hardware. However, this relationship is modeled using parameters that are a priori unknown. The proposed in-flight calibration methodology can achieve less than 2% error in the estimated model parameters compared to the values used in simulation. The effect of Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) noise on the accuracy of airborne laser scanning is further investigated to demonstrate the reduction in the position error of georeferenced points when VDM measurements are used. The results are evaluated through a Monte-Carlo simulation involving an open-source autopilot. The reduction in the error of the estimated attitude due to vehicle modeling increases with the higher intensity of time-correlated IMU noise. Using a higher quality inertial sensor does not lead to an improvement in the position error of georeferenced points when VDM measurements are employed; however, a lower quality Inertial Measurement Unit, such as those on an autopilot, shows a 33% and 46% reduction in the mean and standard deviation of the position error of the georeferenced points, respectively.
Z-pinch implosion for ICF physics study on Angara-5-1 (1997)

Recent development of soft X-ray sources based on super-fast Z-pinch implosion has demonstrated the great promise of pulsed power for ICF physics study. The main direction of the “Angara-5-1” program is oriented toward using the double liner scheme to confine radiation inside a cavity in order to enhance its intensity significantly. Collision of the external liner shell onto the inner leads to radiation penetration through the inner liner and a decrease in the radiation pulse duration to 3–5 ns. Testing this scheme on “Angara-5-1” with current 3.5–5 MA demonstrates a flux intensity up to 3 TW/cm2. In spite of the fact that results of the experiment and a 1D-simulation are close, there are many issues with external liner stability during current sheath formation and implosion. Recent experimental efforts on Angara-5-1 focused on the “cold start” problem and on the Rayleigh-Taylor instability for thick (gas-puff) and thin (doped foam) shells. Preionization makes the liner’s plasma more homogeneous. The method also works in a plasma focus, according to the first results of a joint Polish-Russian experiment. A high current convolute increases ANGARA-5’s load current from about 4 MA to 5.8 MA, which moves the radiation temperature toward the region of interest. We also outline a new approach to a generator intended to produce tens of MA, ANGARA-5-2.
Stress microscopy and confocal Raman imaging of load-bearing surfaces in artificial hip joints (2007)

Confocal Raman microprobe spectroscopy is a technique with considerable potential in biomedical science owing to its ability to nondestructively scan samples in 3D with high spatial resolution and to precisely characterize the chemical, physical and mechanical characteristics of biomaterials at their molecular scale. Beyond the capacity of other conventional assessments of biomaterial oxidation state, crystalline and phase fractions, Raman and luminescence techniques can be used for assessing residual stress fields in artificial hip joints. Provided that the probe response function characterizing the probe/biomaterial interaction is known, 3D residual stress fields can be determined precisely with high axial and lateral resolution.
<i>In Vitro</i> Testing of a Glyoxalase I Inhibitor (1993)

Conference Article| May 01 1993 In Vitro Testing of a Glyoxalase I Inhibitor JOHN F. BARNARD; JOHN F. BARNARD 1Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, N2L 3G1 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar DAVID L. VANDER JAGT; DAVID L. VANDER JAGT 2University of New Mexico, School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, 87131 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JOHN F. HONEK JOHN F. HONEK 1Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, N2L 3G1 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1993) 21 (2): 157S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst021157s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation JOHN F. BARNARD, DAVID L. VANDER JAGT, JOHN F. HONEK; In Vitro Testing of a Glyoxalase I Inhibitor. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1993; 21 (2): 157S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst021157s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1993 Biochemical Society1993 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Survival Outcomes of Hemoperfusion and Hemodialysis versus Hemodialysis in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2021)

This meta-analysis suggests that the OS rates of ESRD patients treated with HP + HD were better than those of patients treated with HD. A speculative hypothesis for why this is the case may be that HP + HD can achieve the complementary elimination of metabolites, effectively preventing and treating complications caused by long-term dialysis and prolonging life expectancy. Therefore, HP + HD should be widely used in ESRD patients.
Fluorinated quinolones — new quinolone antimicrobials (1992)

Paul Ehrlich started his research, called experimental chemotherapy, in 1902, and discovered Trypanrot in 1904 and Salvarsan in 1909. This was the first success of chemotherapy using man-made chemotherapeutic agents against microorganisms. Since the original observation by Fleming in 1929 of the effect of Penicillium notatum on a culture plate in his laboratory and the subsequent development by Florey and Chain in 1940 of the first clinically effective antibiotic-penicillin, enormous changes have occurred both in basic antibiotic research and in the practice of clinical medicine. The search for naturally occurring antibiotics has ranged widely over fungi, plants, soil, water and dust.
A spectroscopic analysis of phase separation and deformation behavior of model polyurethanes/ (2021)

Polymer Science and Engineering
Cold Climate Foundation Retrofit Experimental Hygrothermal Performance: Cloquet Residential Research Facility Laboratory Results (2015)

Thermal and moisture problems in existing basements create a unique challenge because the exterior face of the wall is not easily or inexpensively accessible. This approach addresses thermal and moisture management from the interior face of the wall without disturbing the exterior soil and landscaping. the interior and exterior environments. This approach has the potential for improving durability, comfort, and indoor air quality. This project was funded jointly by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). ORNL focused on developing a full basement wall system experimental database to enable others to validate hygrothermal simulation codes. NREL focused on testing the moisture durability of practical basement wall interior insulation retrofit solutions for cold climates. The project has produced a physically credible and reliable long-term hygrothermal performance database for retrofit foundation wall insulation systems in zone 6 and 7 climates that are fully compliant with the performance criteria in the 2009 Minnesota Energy Code. The experimental data were configured into a standard format that can be published online and that is compatible with standard commercially available spreadsheet and database software.
Mechanisms involved in the inhibitory effect of retinoids on a murine mammary cell line (LM38 LP) composed by luminal and myoepithelial subpopulations (2008)

2665 Retinoids regulate growth, differentiation and apoptosis of many cell types by binding to RAR/RXR nuclear receptors. These receptors up regulate expression of target genes by binding to their retinoic acid response elements (RARE) in their promoters or by repressing other genes by inhibiting the action of transcription factors like AP1. Previously, we demonstrated that LM38 LP, composed by luminal (LEP) and myoepithelial (MEP) cells, express the main RAR/RXR, and that ATRA inhibited its growth and metastatic dissemination. Now we studied the mechanisms involved in retinoids inhibitory effect with the aim to analyze the interaction between LEP and MEP cells in this response.  The retinoic acid pathway activation was confirmed by RARE-Luc assays and by monitoring the increased levels of RAR target genes, RARb2 and CRBP by RT PCR / western blot (WB).  Retinoids inhibited LM38 LP in vitro cell growth, this effect was reversed by RARa antagonist Ro415253 (Ro).  Confocal microscopy of LM38 LP 3D cultures showed, that ATRA increased the expression of activated caspase 3 and promoted p27 nuclear translocation in the colony center, indicating that both arrest and apoptosis were taking place. In 2D control cultures, half of MEP cells were positive for p27 while LEP islets expressed P-RB. Three days after treatment with retinoids we observed an increase in the number of p27 stained arrested MEP while LEP islets became negative for P-RB acquiring p27 expression, except for a single cell layer around the islets that kept cycling. Cell cycle analysis by FACS of LM38 LP cells treated with ATRA showed G1 arrest. Similar results were observed in vivo, where immunohistochemistry of tumors grown in mice treated with ATRA twice a week for 15 days, showed increased staining for p27 and extense areas of apoptotic and necrotic cells with some activated caspase 3 positive cells. Besides arrest and apoptosis, retinoids induced senescence mainly in MEP cells (β Gal activity). Interestingly retinoids did not affect LM38 LP clonogenic capacity.  Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were confirmed by WB showing a decrease in D1 / B1 cyclins, P-ERK and activated caspase 3, after 30 minutes of stress conditions. Both retinoids inhibited LM38 LP secreted MMPs and uPA, but contrarily to its effect on proliferation, Ro mimicked ATRA.  Conclusion: RARs activation by retinoids inhibit LM38 LP mammary tumors growth affecting in a differential fashion their LEP and MEP cellular compartments by induction of cell cycle arrest, senescence and apoptosis, suggesting the presence of a retinoid-resistant clonogenic subpopulation. Physical interaction between these cellular compartments seems to generate survival stimuli strong enough to overcome the retinoids antitumoral effects. The lack of modulation by Ro on the proteolytic activity is an indication that this antagonist is not involved in the transrepression RAR and AP1
Optical strain sensor using median density grating foil: Rivaling the electric strain gauge (2001)

In this article, a novel compact optical diffraction strain sensor using medium density grating foil is presented. The grating, generally with a frequency of 300–500 lines/mm attached on the surface of a specimen, is illuminated by a focused laser beam. The centroids of diffracted beam spots from the grating are automatically determined with two position-sensitive detector sensors connected to a personal computer. The shift of second-order diffracted beam spots due to the specimen deformation is then detected. The influences of noise sources and system geometry on system performances, such as sensitivity, spatial resolution, strain range, and measurement linearity are discussed. Strain sensitivity of 1.3 microstrain can be achieved. The spatial resolution for strain measurement of 0.4 mm is attainable. The system can be used for continuous measurement and for both static and dynamic tests.
24 mm depth range discretely swept optical frequency domain imaging in dentistry (2009)

A large depth range is needed if optical coherence tomography (OCT) is to be used to observe multiple teeth simultaneously. A discretely swept optical frequency domain imaging system with a 24-mm depth range was made by using a superstructure-grating distributed Bragg reflector (SSG-DBR) laser as the light source and setting the frequencystep interval to be 3.13 GHz (λ ≈ 0.026 nm). The swept wavelength range was 40 nm centered at 1580 nm, the resolution was 29 μm, and the A-scan rate was 1.3 kHz. Application of the OCT system to a dental phantom was demonstrated.
Fluorination of PMDA-ODA Polyimide Using Hyperthermal Atomic Fluorine Beams (2009)

Hyperthermal fluorine atomic beam interaction with PMDA-ODA polyimide (PI) has been studied. It was found that CF, CF2 and CF3 groups were formed by reaction of PI with atomic fluorine with an impingement energy of 11.7 eV. Advancing contact angle of water increases rapidly to 100◦, followed by a slow increase due to the increase in surface roughness. A gasification reaction of PMDA-ODA was observed under hyperthermal atomic fluorine exposure, and the erosion yield was of the same order of magnitude as that by atomic oxygen. Surface analysis results of atomic fluorine-exposed highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) using synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the fluorine concentration was limited to only topmost HOPG (0 0 0 1) layer. From the HOPG experiment, it is revealed that the physical sputtering effect can be ignored in this hyperthermal atomic beam process and fluorination reaction was restricted only to the topmost graphite layer.
Raman Spectroscopy: Basics and Applications (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Raman Spectroscopy and its Application in the Characterization of Semiconductor Devices Effect of Particle Size Reduction on Raman Spectra Acknowledgments References
Development and experimental evaluation of a slip angle estimator for vehicle stability control (2006)

Real-time knowledge of the slip angle in a vehicle is useful in many active vehicle safety applications, including yaw stability control, rollover prevention and lane departure avoidance. Sensors to measure slip angle, including two antenna GPS systems and optical sensors are too expensive for ordinary automotive applications. This paper develops a realtime algorithm for estimation of slip angle using inexpensive sensors normally available for yaw stability control applications. Compared to previous results on slip angle estimation that have been published in literature, the algorithm utilizes a combination of model-based estimation and kinematics-based estimation and compensates for the presence of variations in tire-road characteristics. The developed algorithm is evaluated through experimental tests on a Volvo XC90 sport utility vehicle. Detailed experimental results show that the developed system can accurately estimate slip angle for a variety of test maneuvers
Effect of substrate stiffness and PDGF on the behavior of vascular smooth muscle cells: Implications for atherosclerosis (2010)

Vascular disease, such as atherosclerosis, is accompanied by changes in the mechanical properties of the vessel wall. Although altered mechanics is thought to contribute to disease progression, the molecular mechanisms whereby vessel wall stiffening could promote vascular occlusive disease remain unclear. It is well known that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a major stimulus for the abnormal migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and contributes critically to vascular disease. Here we used engineered substrates with tunable mechanical properties to explore the effect of tissue stiffness on PDGF signaling in VSMCs as a potential mechanism whereby vessel wall stiffening could promote vascular disease. We found that substrate stiffness significantly enhanced PDGFR activity and VSMC proliferation. After ligand binding, PDGFR followed distinct routes of activation in cells cultured on stiff versus soft substrates, as demonstrated by differences in its intensity and duration of activation, sensitivity to cholesterol extracting agent, and plasma membrane localization. Our results suggest that stiffening of the vessel wall could actively promote pathogenesis of vascular disease by enhancing PDGFR signaling to drive VSMC growth and survival.
Genome‐Wide Mapping of DNA Hydroxymethylation in Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes (2015)

This study provides the first genome-wide profiling of 5hmC distribution in OA chondrocytes. We had previously reported a global increase in 5hmC levels in OA chondrocytes. Gain of 5hmC in the gene body is found to be characteristic of activated genes in OA chondrocytes, highlighting the influence of 5hmC as an epigenetic mark in OA. In addition, this study identifies multiple OA-associated genes that are potentially regulated either singularly by gain of DNA hydroxymethylation or in combination with loss of DNA methylation.
PD-like Regulation of Mechanical Systems with Prescribed Bounds of Exponential Stability: the Point-to-Point Case (2021)

This letter discusses an extension of the famous PD regulator implementing point to point motions with prescribed exponential rates of convergence. This is achieved by deriving a novel global exponential stability result, dealing with mechanical systems evolving on uni-dimensional invariant manifolds of the configuration space. The construction of closed loop controllers enforcing the existence of such manifolds is then discussed. Explicit upper and lower bounds of convergence are provided, and connected to the gains of the closed loop controller. Simulations are carried out, assessing the effectiveness of the controller and the tightness of the exponential bounds.