gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure-Activity Relationships of Wollamide Cyclic Hexapeptides with Activity against Drug-Resistant and Intracellular <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (2019)

Wollamides are cyclic hexapeptides, recently isolated from an Australian soil <i>Streptomyces</i> isolate, that exhibit promising <i>in vitro</i> antimycobacterial activity against <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> Bacille Calmette Guérin without displaying cytotoxicity against a panel of mammalian cells. Here, we report the synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of 36 new synthetic wollamides, collated with all known synthetic and natural wollamides, to reveal structure characteristics responsible for <i>in vitro</i> growth-inhibitory activity against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (H37Rv, H37Ra, CDC1551, HN878, and HN353). The most potent antimycobacterial wollamides were those where residue VI d-Orn (wollamide B) was replaced by d-Arg (wollamide B1) or d-Lys (wollamide B2), with all activity being lost when residue VI was replaced by Gly, l-Arg, or l-Lys (wollamide B3). Substitution of other amino acid residues mainly reduced or ablated antimycobacterial activity. Significantly, whereas wollamide B2 was the most potent in restricting <i>M. tuberculosis</i><i>in vitro</i>, wollamide B1 restricted <i>M. tuberculosis</i> intracellular burden in infected macrophages. Wollamide B1 synergized with pretomanid (PA-824) in inhibiting <i>M. tuberculosis</i><i>in vitro</i> growth but did not antagonize prominent first- and second-line tuberculosis antibiotics. Furthermore, wollamide B1 exerted bactericidal activity against nonreplicating <i>M. tuberculosis</i> and impaired growth of multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant clinical isolates. <i>In vivo</i> pharmacokinetic profiles for wollamide B1 in rats and mice encourage further optimization of the wollamide pharmacophore for <i>in vivo</i> bioavailability. Collectively, these observations highlight the potential of the wollamide antimycobacterial pharmacophore.
β1 integrin- and JNK-dependent tumor growth upon hypofractionated radiation (2016)

Radiation therapy is an effective cancer treatment modality although tumors invariably become resistant. Using the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) model system, we report that a hypofractionated radiation schedule (10 Gy/day for 5 consecutive days) effectively blocks prostate tumor growth in wild type (β1wt /TRAMP) mice as well as in mice carrying a conditional ablation of β1 integrins in the prostatic epithelium (β1pc-/- /TRAMP). Since JNK is known to be suppressed by β1 integrins and mediates radiation-induced apoptosis, we tested the effect of SP600125, an inhibitor of c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) in the TRAMP model system. Our results show that SP600125 negates the effect of radiation on tumor growth in β1pc-/- /TRAMP mice and leads to invasive adenocarcinoma. These effects are associated with increased focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression and phosphorylation in prostate tumors in β1pc-/- /TRAMP mice. In marked contrast, radiation-induced tumor growth suppression, FAK expression and phosphorylation are not altered by SP600125 treatment of β1wt /TRAMP mice. Furthermore, we have reported earlier that abrogation of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) in prostate cancer cells enhances the sensitivity to radiation. Here we further explore the β1/IGF-IR crosstalk and report that β1 integrins promote cell proliferation partly by enhancing the expression of IGF-IR. In conclusion, we demonstrate that β1 integrin-mediated inhibition of JNK signaling modulates tumor growth rate upon hypofractionated radiation.
Privacy and Personal Information Protection in RFID Systems (2017)

This chapter aims to try to solve problems with respect to privacy and personal information protection in radio frequency identification device (RFID) systems with the help of technology. It describes privacy protection from personal information protection. In the literature, information systems, including RFID systems, do not directly manage privacy protection. They manage personal information protection. The chapter discusses personal information protection in RFID systems, and considers the two issues as properties of an RFID system: anonymity and unlinkability. It examines personal information protection schemes in RFID systems. The three protection schemes are: physical blocking approach, rewritable tag approach, and smart tag approach. The physical blocking approach satisfies anonymity and unlinkability by preventing an adversary from accessing RFID tags physically. The physical blocking approach has a problem: a user cannot use the RFID services because even a regular service reader cannot access the RFID tags. The chapter explores hash-based schemes, which are some of the smart tag approaches.
Mediation of osmoregulatory influences on neuroendocrine corticotropin-releasing factor expression by the ventral lamina terminalis. (1993)

Chronic exposure to a hyperosmolar challenge invokes coordinate, differential, and ostensibly adaptive alterations in the expression of mRNA encoding corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in the endocrine hypothalamus. Rats maintained on 2% (wt/vol) saline for 7 days displayed the expected reduction in CRF mRNA levels in the parvocellular neurosecretory compartment of the paraventricular nucleus, as well as a concomitant increase in CRF transcripts in oxytocin-containing magnocellular neurosecretory neurons. Also detected in salt-loaded animals was a prominent induction of the immediate-early gene product Fos in magnocellular neurosecretory cell groups and in several brain regions that are known to provide major projections to the endocrine hypothalamus. These included a triad of cell groups making up the lamina terminalis of the third ventricle, and, to a lesser extent, catecholaminergic cell groups in the caudal brain stem. Discrete transections of descending projections from structures associated with the lamina terminals, as well as excitotoxin lesions centered in one lamina terminalis-associated structure, the organum vasculosum, abolished the effects of salt loading in both the magno- and parvocellular neurosecretory systems. Knife cuts in the lamina terminalis complex that spared only projections from the organum vasculosum region or cuts that disrupted ascending catecholaminergic projections failed to modify either effect of salt loading. The results suggest the existence of a simple circuit through which osmotic influences on gene expression in the magnocellular and parvocellular neurosecretory systems are effected.
Gene Regulation Using Nanodiscs Modified with HIF-1-α Antisense Oligonucleotides (2022)

Delivery of nucleic acids can be hindered by multiple factors including nuclease susceptibility, endosome trapping, and clearance. Multiple nanotechnology scaffolds have offered promising solutions, and among these, lipid-based systems are advantageous because of their high biocompatibility and low toxicity. However, many lipid nanoparticle systems still have issues regarding stability, rapid clearance, and cargo leakage. Herein, we demonstrate the use of a synthetic nanodisc (ND) scaffold functionalized with an anti-HIF-1-α antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) to reduce HIF-1-α mRNA transcript levels. We prepared ND conjugates by using a mixture of phosphoglycerolipids with phosphocholine and phosphothioethanol headgroups that self-assemble into a ∼13 × 5 nm discoidal structure upon addition of a 22-amino-acid ApoA1 mimetic peptide. Optimized reaction conditions yield 15 copies of the anti-HIF-1-α ASO DNA covalently conjugated to the thiolated phospholipids using maleimide-thiol chemistry. We show that DNA-ND conjugates are active, nuclease resistant, and rapidly internalized into cells to regulate HIF-1-α mRNA levels without the use of transfection agents. DNA-ND uptake is partially mediated through Scavenger Receptor B1 and the ND conjugates show enhanced knockdown of HIF-1-α compared to that of the soluble ASOs in multiple cell lines. Our results demonstrate that covalently functionalized NDs may offer an improved platform for ASO therapeutics.
Equitable AI: Using AI to Achieve Diversity in Admissions (2021)

It has been nearly 20 years since the U.S. Supreme Court ruled on the use of race/ethnicity, gender, and national origin in university admissions in the University of Michigan cases. It is now 2021 and universities are still struggling with how to diversify their admissions offers within the bounds of the law. In response to this ongoing issue, I created Applications Quest, an equitable AI tool that adheres to the legal use of race, gender, national origin, etc. in admissions and hiring decisions. In this keynote address, I will explain how AI, specifically, Applications Quest, can be used to create equitable recommendations for admissions decisions. I will give a demonstration of how Applications Quest increases diversity compared to admissions committees while achieving the same academic achievement levels as the committee. Given Applications Quest is an unsupervised AI, it has the advantage of ignorance of race/ethnicity, gender, national origin, etc. Therefore, when used in admissions, it provides unbiased recommendations that can be interrogated by human evaluators. Applications Quest is a human-centered AI tool for achieving equity in admissions.
CKD-732, a novel angiogenesis inhibitor: Evaluation of antitumor effect in vivo and preclinical studies in combination with oxaliplatin and capecitabine in colorectal cancer (2008)

LB-96 CKD-732 [6-O-(4-dimethylaminoethoxy) cinnamoyl fumagillol hemioxalate], a novel fumagillin derivative, showed a comparable antiangiogenic effect to TNP-470 in vitro and in vivo. The antitumor and antimetastatic effects of CKD-732 (s.c.) were studied alone or in combination with cytotoxic agents-adriamycin (i.p.), cisplatin (i.p.) and 5-FU (i.p.), using rodent or human tumors. CKD-732 (180 mg/kg, q2d x 5) inhibited growth of PC-3, MDA-MB-231, CX-1, LX-1, SKOV-3, Hep3B and SNU-16 human tumors by 64, 70, 74, 69, 69, 65 and 68%, respectively, comparable to TNP-470 [Inhibition rate (IR), 63~75%], but the effect was stronger than fumagillin (IR, 44~48%) at the highest dose. CKD-732 (90 mg/kg, 2 times/week) prolonged the life of mice bearing PC-3 and A375-SM by 236.7 and 197.1%, respectively, whereas fumagillin, adriamycin and cisplatin increased the life span by less than 90% at the highest dose in both tumors. CKD-732 (150 mg/kg, q2d x 6) reduced the number of pulmonary metastatic foci of i.v. inoculated LLC and B16BL6 rodent tumor by 89.7% and 90.5%, respectively, comparable to TNP-470 (IR, 89.5% and 90.3%), but the effect was superior to fumagillin, adriamycin and cisplatin (IR,
Hochselektive Extraktion von Uranyl‐Ionen mit acyclischen Liganden, die <scp>L</scp>‐Phenylalaninreste enthalten (1983)

Abstract Das vollständige Manuskript dieser Zuschrift erscheint in: Angew. Chem. Suppl. 1983 , 794. DOI: 10.1002/ange.198307940
Effective scheduling of real-time traffic in HSUPA (2010)

Scheduling of real-time uplink flows in HSUPA is hampered by the fact that the NodeB does not know the size and dead-lines of the uplink packets, as the User Equipment (UE) only reports coarse-grained Scheduling Information (SI) advertising the overall backlog. In this paper, we describe how the NodeB can use the sequence of SI to reconstruct a UE queue, using affordable computations. This makes it possible to use scheduling algorithms employing packet sizes and deadlines in HSUPA, with obvious performance benefits. We present a general Virtual Queueing framework, that can be employed with any kind of traffic, and a specialized version of it for periodic (e.g., voice) traffic.
TOTAL GAS EXCHANGE IN THE STANDING AWAKE SHEEP WITH AN IMPLANTABLE PROSTHETIC LUNG (1997)

Schreiner, R J; Montoya, J P*; Reickert, C A; Merz, S I*; Blochwitz, A; Bartlett, R H Author Information
The Effect of ω- and α-Phase Precipitation on the β-Phase Lattice Parameters During 400°C aging in Ti-11Cr(at.%) (2022)

Journal Article The Effect of ω- and α-Phase Precipitation on the β-Phase Lattice Parameters During 400°C aging in Ti-11Cr(at.%) Get access JoAnn Ballor, JoAnn Ballor Chemical Engineering and Material Science Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States Corresponding author: ballorj2@msu.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jonathan Poplawsky, Jonathan Poplawsky Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Arun Devaraj, Arun Devaraj Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Scott Misture, Scott Misture Inamori School of Engineering, Alfred University, Alfred, New York, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Carl J Boehlert Carl J Boehlert Chemical Engineering and Material Science Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 28, Issue S1, 1 August 2022, Pages 748–752, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927622003440 Published: 01 August 2022
Room‐Temperature Observation of Near‐Intrinsic Exciton Linewidth in Monolayer WS<sub>2</sub> (Adv. Mater. 15/2022) (2022)

Exciton Linewidth Due to strong multiparticle interactions in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides at room temperature, their homogeneous exciton linewidths are significantly broadened, degrading the quality of their excitonic mode and emission. In article number 2108721, Yuebing Zheng and co-workers achieve near-intrinsic exciton linewidth in monolayer WS2 at room temperature, approaching the theoretical limit at 0 K. A dielectric nanosphere is designed to boost the dynamic competition between exciton and trion decay channels, rebuilding the excitonic relaxation processes with suppressed exciton nonradiative recombination.
Nanoscale Strain Mapping in SIMOX 3-D Sculpted Silicon Waveguides Using Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (2016)

Strain in silicon plays a significant role in exploring electro-optical material, boosting transistor performance, tuning birefringence of optical silicon waveguides, and so on. In this paper, we measured, for the first time, the nanoscale strain in the SIMOX 3-D sculpted silicon waveguides using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS). A model, which relates the observed Raman peak shifts to the localized stresses for our TERS experiments, was presented. The tip-induced electric-field enhancements, tip-induced depolarization of incident light, and oblique incidence geometry of the TERS system were included in the model. Both polarizations of incident light and Raman scattered light are selected appropriately with the guidance of the model for obtaining enough electric-field enhancements and accurately calculate the stresses. A 2-D stress map inside the silicon waveguide with spatial resolution of about 20 nm was obtained, and corresponding strains were calculated based on Hooke's law. We observed that the stresses are compressive, and the strains show inhomogeneity. The origins of strain and the strain-induced second-order optical susceptibility inside the SIMOX 3-D sculpted buried silicon waveguides are discussed and analyzed. The mapping of 2-D nanoscale strain and the analysis of second-order optical susceptibility in this work suggest that the SIMOX 3-D sculpted strained silicon might be a potential metamaterial for electro-optical modulation and optical signal processing. Moreover, the presented TERS model could be a valuable tool for probing strain in strained silicon devices.
Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity of heterometallic ion-pair Ni/Mn and Ni/Zn complexes (2014)

Two new heterometallic compounds, [Ni(bpy)3][Mn(NCO)4]·H2O (1) and [Ni(phen)3]2[Zn(NCO)4]2·4DMSO·H2O (2) [bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline], have been synthesized and characterized. The structures of 1 and 2 were solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The cationic moieties of [Ni(bpy)3]2+ in 1 and [Ni(phen)3]2+ in 2 show octahedral environments around Ni(II), whereas the anionic groups of [Mn(NCO)4]2− in 1 and [Zn(NCO)4]2− in 2 exhibit tetrahedral geometry around the Mn(II) and Zn(II), respectively. Both compounds are catalysts in the H/D exchange of salicylaldehyde in DMSO-d6 which takes place under mild conditions and short reaction time.
P4‐274: THE GUT MICROBIOTA‐DERIVED METABOLITE TRIMETHYLAMINE <i>N‐</i>OXIDE (TMAO) IS ELEVATED IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (2018)

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a small molecule produced by the gut microbiota via metabolism of dietary choline, has been implicated in human disease pathogenesis, including metabolic, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular disease. A recent study demonstrated that TMAO was detectable in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), suggesting that this microbial-derived metabolite reaches the CNS and may be relevant to neurological function or disorders. In this study, we examined levels of TMAO in the CSF collected from participants in the Wisconsin ADRC and Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention (WRAP) studies, as well as determined relationships between CSF TMAO and CSF AD biomarkers (amyloid-β and phosphorylated tau). Fasting CSF samples from 410 participants (mean age 63.8 ± 9.0 years, 63% female, 43% APOE ε4 positive) in the ADRC clinical core and WRAP study were assayed for TMAO (via Metabolon's UHPLC/MS metabolomics platform) and AD biomarkers (Aβ42, Aβ40, and phosphorylated tau via commercially-available immunoassays). A multiple linear regression model tested the effect of age, sex, APOE ε4genotype, and diagnosis (Normal, MCI, AD) on CSF TMAO levels. Additionally, linear regression models were used to determine the relationship between CSF TMAO and CSF Aβ42/Aβ40, p-tau, and the ratio p-tau/Aβ42, while controlling for age and sex. CSG TMAO levels were elevated in individuals with dementia due to AD (β=0.50, p<0.0001) and MCI (β=0.29, p<0.05) compared to cognitively-unimpaired individuals (Figure 1A). Older age was associated with higher CSF TMAO (β=0.02, p<0.0001), but there were no main effects of sex or APOE4 genotype, and CSF TMAO levels did not differ between MCI and AD. With respect to CSF AD biomarkers, there was a significant positive relationship between CSF TMAO and p-tau (β=0.09, p=0.006) and p-tau/Aβ42 (β=0.11, p=0.013; Figure 1B). There was no significant relationship between CSF TMAO and Aβ42/Aβ40 (β=-0.003, p=0.13). (A) Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n=35) and dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD, n=40) have elevated CSF trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota-derived metabolite, compared to cognitively-unimpaired individuals (n=335). (B) Elevated CSF TMAO is associated with elevated CSF phosphorylated tau/Aβ42, a ratio which captures both facets of AD pathology. CSF TMAO, a gut microbial-derived metabolite, is higher in individuals with MCI and dementia due to AD, and higher CSF TMAO is associated with elevated AD pathology as measured by CSF biomarkers. While these findings suggest a potential role for TMAO in AD, additional studies are needed to further characterize this relationship and potential mechanisms.
Physical characteristics related to bra fit (2010)

Producing well-fitting garments has been a challenge for retailers and manufacturers since mass production began. Poorly fitted bras can cause discomfort or pain and result in lost sales for retailers. Because body contours are important factors affecting bra fit, this study analyses the relationship of physical characteristics to bra-fit problems. This study has used 3-D body-scanning technology to extract upper body angles from a sample of 103 college women; these data were used to categorise physical characteristics into shoulder slope, bust prominence, back curvature and acromion placement. Relationships between these physical categories and bra-fit problems were then analysed. Results show that significant main effects and two-way interactions of the physical categories exist in the fit problems of poor bra support and bra-motion restriction. The findings are valuable in helping the apparel industry create better-fitting bras. STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: Poorly fitted bras can cause discomfort or pain and result in lost sales for retailers. The findings regarding body-shape classification provide researchers with a statistics method to quantify physical characteristics and the findings regarding the relationship analysis between physical characteristics and bra fit offer bra companies valuable information about bra-fit perceptions attributable to women with figure variations.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOSELECTIVE IODOLACTONIZATION OF ACYCLIC UNSATURATED 3‐HYDROXYACIDS (1982)

Abstract Aus den Allylcarbinol‐carbonsäuren (I) erhält man mit Iod die entsprechenden Iod‐lactone (II), die mit Methylat zu den Epoxy‐carbonsäureestern (III) und (IV) führen.
Optimal use of EEG recordings to target active brain areas with transcranial electrical stimulation (2017)

To demonstrate causal relationships between brain and behavior, investigators would like to guide brain stimulation using measurements of neural activity. Particularly promising in this context are electroencephalography (EEG) and transcranial electrical stimulation (TES), as they are linked by a reciprocity principle which, despite being known for decades, has not led to a formalism for relating EEG recordings to optimal stimulation parameters. Here we derive a closed-form expression for the TES configuration that optimally stimulates (i.e., targets) the sources of recorded EEG, without making assumptions about source location or distribution. We also derive a duality between TES targeting and EEG source localization, and demonstrate that in cases where source localization fails, so does the proposed targeting. Numerical simulations with multiple head models confirm these theoretical predictions and quantify the achieved stimulation in terms of focality and intensity. We show that constraining the stimulation currents automatically selects optimal montages that involve only a few (4-7) electrodes, with only incremental loss in performance when targeting focal activations. The proposed technique allows brain scientists and clinicians to rationally target the sources of observed EEG and thus overcomes a major obstacle to the realization of individualized or closed-loop brain stimulation.
Redeployable Sensor Probe for In-Situ Lunar Resource Mapping from Small Landers (2019)

The use of in-situ resources in lunar regolith for production of propellant, life support, and construction (e.g. polar water ice, hydrogen, helium-3, and regolith minerals) will enable sustainable robotic and human space exploration and pave the way for commercialization of lunar exploration. Currently, the search for and characterization of resources on the Moon uses orbital datasets and local geological and geophysical surveys to map and characterize potential deposits. To develop efficient ISRU systems, it is essential to find, characterize, and map lunar resources in-situ, at local scales, using deployable, analytical payloads. We have developed a 3 kg, TRL4 scientific payload, MoonSHOT (Moon Subsurface Hydrogen Optical Tool), to characterize and map lunar resources from a small lander or rover.