gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Poor confinement of e-h recombination zone in blue oleds (2008)

The possibility of making large light-emitting area with low cost has stimulated the research work on organic-based light-emitting devices (OLEDs). OLEDs with emission color covering almost the entire visible range have been realized. This was achieved by simultaneously synthesizing new materials and optimizing the device structure itself by adding/getting rid of different layers. Recently, OLEDs performance has improved and has become adequate for many display applications. However, the main problem still to be solved, concerns the short lifetime of the devices. Surprisingly, there are only few fundamental works on the degradation mechanisms of OLEDs. The mechanisms behind the light decay and the color shifts, especially for blue colour, are still not fully understood. Earlier studies have suggested that the poor balance between the number of electrons and holes in the emitting layer, is one of the main factors in limiting the lifetime of the device.
MonoNHR: Monocular Neural Human Renderer (2022)

Existing neural human rendering methods struggle with a single image input due to the lack of information in in-visible areas and the depth ambiguity of pixels in visible areas. In this regard, we propose Monocular Neural Human Renderer (MonoNHR), a novel approach that renders robust free-viewpoint images of an arbitrary human given only a single image. MonoNHR is the first method that (i) renders human subjects never seen during training in a monocular setup, and (ii) is trained in a weakly-supervised manner without geometry supervision. First, we propose to disentangle 3D geometry and texture features and to condition the texture inference on the 3D geometry features. Second, we introduce a Mesh Inpainter module that inpaints the occluded parts exploiting human structural priors such as symmetry. Experiments on ZJU-MoCap, AIST and HUMBI datasets show that our approach significantly outperforms the recent methods adapted to the monocular case.
Subversion of the Heme Oxygenase-1 Antiviral Activity by Zika Virus (2018)

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a rate-limiting enzyme involved in the degradation of heme, is induced in response to a wide range of stress conditions. HO-1 exerts antiviral activity against a broad range of viruses, including the Hepatitis C virus, the human immunodeficiency virus, and the dengue virus by inhibiting viral growth. It has been reported that HO-1 displays antiviral activity against the Zika virus (ZIKV) but the mechanisms of viral inhibition remain largely unknown. Using a ZIKV RNA replicon with the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) as a reporter protein, we were able to show that HO-1 expression resulted in the inhibition of viral RNA replication. Conversely, we observed a decrease in HO-1 expression in cells replicating the ZIKV RNA replicon. The study of human cells infected with ZIKV showed that the HO-1 expression level was significantly lower once viral replication was established, thereby limiting the antiviral effect of HO-1. Our work highlights the capacity of ZIKV to thwart the anti-replicative activity of HO-1 in human cells. Therefore, the modulation of HO-1 as a novel therapeutic strategy against ZIKV infection may display limited effect.
Investigating altered brain development in infants with congenital heart disease using tensor-based morphometry (2020)

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies have demonstrated reduced global and regional brain volumes in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD). This study aimed to provide a more detailed evaluation of altered structural brain development in newborn infants with CHD compared to healthy controls using tensor-based morphometry (TBM). We compared brain development in 64 infants with CHD to 192 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. T2-weighted MR images obtained prior to surgery were analysed to compare voxel-wise differences in structure across the whole brain between groups. Cerebral oxygen delivery (CDO<sub>2</sub>) was measured in infants with CHD (n = 49) using phase contrast MR imaging and the relationship between CDO<sub>2</sub> and voxel-wise brain structure was assessed using TBM. After correcting for global scaling differences, clusters of significant volume reduction in infants with CHD were demonstrated bilaterally within the basal ganglia, thalami, corpus callosum, occipital, temporal, parietal and frontal lobes, and right hippocampus (p < 0.025 after family-wise error correction). Clusters of significant volume expansion in infants with CHD were identified in cerebrospinal fluid spaces (p < 0.025). After correcting for global brain size, there was no significant association between voxel-wise brain structure and CDO<sub>2</sub>. This study localizes abnormal brain development in infants with CHD, identifying areas of particular vulnerability.
A study of permeability and velocity anisotropy in carbonates (2009)

The ability to predict permeability anisotropy through seismic can assist engineers in having a deeper understanding of fluid flow dynamics and developing oil fields. However, carbonate rocks, which constitute important petroleum reservoirs in the Middle East, have complex textures and properties distribution due to their diagenetic processes. Indeed, relationships between seismic properties and permeability need to be better understood. Hence, this study investigates the relationship between permeability and seismic velocity anisotropy. An experimental procedure to measure this anisotropy on a set of samples from a carbonate reservoir is presented. The relationship between permeability and seismic velocity is complex. Compressional (P‐wave) velocity response was found to be independent of permeability anisotropy. However, a trend was observed between the shear (S‐wave) velocity and permeability at each measurement location in some samples. An inverse relationship was found between shear velocity and permeability when the velocity is measured perpendicular to the preferential permeability direction, whereas the relationship was proportional when the velocity is measured parallel to the preferential permeability direction. This could have important applications in application of seismic multicomponents integrated to reservoir simulation.
Nickel-Catalyzed Remote C4–H Arylation of 8-Aminoquinolines (2019)

A useful and convenient method for C-H bond arylation of 8-aminoquinoline motifs on the remote C4 position was developed. This method shows good functional group tolerance toward various Grignard reagents and aminoquinoline via a nickel catalysis, giving the desired arylated products in good yields. The present method affords an efficient access to construct multisubstituted aminoquinolines.
TMS-based neuromodulation of evoked and induced gamma oscillations and event-related potentials in children with autism (2016)

Gamma oscillations are important for the integration of information and are involved in a variety of perceptual, cognitive, and motor process that are affected in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We used gamma oscillations along with event-related potentials (ERP) as functional markers of response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). The subjects were age- and gender-matched ASD and typically developing children (TDC). Behavioral evaluations along with evoked and induced gamma and ERPs during oddball task were collected at pre-and post-TMS in ASD group (N=23) and at baseline in TDC (N=21). ASD subjects were assigned to 18 sessions of rTMS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Baseline test showed significant differences between ASD and TDC groups in terms of responses to non-targets where ASD showed excessive gamma oscillations and larger ERPs as compared to the TDC group. Behavioral response differences were manifested in a lower accuracy of motor responses. The rTMS resulted in improved accuracy of response, attenuated evoked gamma responses to non-targets, and increased induced gamma to targets. Behavioral outcomes showed decreased irritability and hyperactivity scores and decreased repetitive and stereotype behaviors. There is discussed utility of gamma oscillations as biomarkers for functional diagnostics and predictions of TMS outcomes in ASD.
cAMP regulates polarization and apoptosis during mammary epithelial acini formation in vitro (2012)

Epithelial cells form tubular and acinar structures notable for a hollow lumen. In three‐dimensional (3D) culture models utilizing MCF10A mammary epithelial cells, hollow acini form due to integrin‐dependent polarization and survival of cells contacting extracellular matrix (ECM), and the apoptosis of inner cells of acini lacking ECM contact. Here, we report that cAMP‐dependent protein kinase A (PKA) promotes hollow acini formation via two mechanisms. First, cAMP accelerates the polarization of outer cells due to ERK/MAPK inhibition. Second, cAMP, promotes the death of inner cells occupying the lumen. In the absence of cAMP, apoptosis is delayed resulting in profound luminal filling. cAMP‐dependent apoptosis is accompanied by a posttrascriptional increase in the proapoptotic protein BIM, which is at least partially ERK‐independent. These data demonstrate that cAMP regulates lumen formation in mammary epithelial cell cultures both through acceleration of polarization of outer cells and apoptosis of inner cells of the acinus. This study was supported by NIH grants to K.E.M (R01 DK074398 and P01 AI53194), S.K. (DK082115), and J.D (RO1 CA126792). P.I.N. was supported by a fellowship from the German Research Society (DFG; Ne‐897/1‐1).
Photoinduced phase transition in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Pr</mml:mi><mml:mn>0.7</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ca</mml:mi><mml:mn>0.3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Mn</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>thin films probed via ultrafast switching characteristics of terahertz radiation (2007)

Picosecond electrical transients have been identified as switching characteristics of terahertz radiation from voltage-biased ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ thin films excited by femtosecond laser pulses. Despite the fact that the total time-averaged photocurrent exhibits a hysteresis in response to the application of the bias electric field ${E}_{\text{bias}}$, we find the considerable attenuation of terahertz radiation. Not the removal of ${E}_{\text{bias}}$ but rather the sweep of temperature is confirmed to be indispensable for the recovery of terahertz radiation. Our findings can be attributed to the clear manifestation of the intrinsic and persistent photoinduced phase transition in ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, the instability of which by a removal of ${E}_{\text{bias}}$ can be explained by the reconstruction of metallic patches within the charge-ordered insulating phase.
State-of-the-Art Predictive Maintenance Techniques* (2011)

This paper discusses the limitations of time-based equipment maintenance methods and the advantages of predictive or online maintenance techniques in identifying the onset of equipment failure. The three major predictive maintenance techniques, defined in terms of their source of data, are described as follows: 1) the existing sensor-based technique; 2) the test-sensor-based technique (including wireless sensors); and 3) the test-signal-based technique (including the loop current step response method, the time-domain reflectrometry test, and the inductance-capacitance-resistance test). Examples of detecting blockages in pressure sensing lines using existing sensor-based techniques and of verifying calibration using existing-sensor direct current output are given. Three Department of Energy (DOE)-sponsored projects, whose aim is to develop online and wireless hardware and software systems for performing predictive maintenance on critical equipment in nuclear power plants, DOE research reactors, and general industrial applications, are described.
Audio Scene Understanding using Topic Models (2009)

This paper introduces a method to apply the topic models in an audio scene understanding framework. Assuming that an audio signal consists of latent topics that generate acoustic words describing an audio scene, we propose to use a vector quantization method to build an acoustic word dictionary. The classification experiments with semantic labels yield promising results of using the topic models, compared to the conventional GMM-based approach, in audio scene understanding tasks.
Data from Targeting the Ubiquitin–Proteasome System Using the UBA1 Inhibitor TAK-243 is a Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Small-Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive disease with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. Treatment for SCLC with cisplatin/etoposide chemotherapy (C/E) ± radiotherapy has changed modestly over several decades. The ubiquitin-proteasome system is an underexplored therapeutic target for SCLC. We preclinically evaluated TAK-243, a first-in-class small molecule E1 inhibitor against UBA1.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;We assessed TAK-243 in 26 SCLC cell-lines as monotherapy and combined with C/E, the PARP-inhibitor, olaparib, and with radiation using cell viability assays. We interrogated TAK-243 response with gene expression to identify candidate biomarkers. We evaluated TAK-243 alone and in combination with olaparib or radiotherapy with SCLC patient-derived xenografts (PDX).&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Most SCLC cell lines were sensitive to TAK-243 monotherapy (EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; median 15.8 nmol/L; range 10.2 nmol/L–367.3 nmol/L). TAK-243 sensitivity was associated with gene-sets involving the cell cycle, DNA and chromatin organization, and DNA damage repair, while resistance associated with cellular respiration, translation, and neurodevelopment. These associations were also observed in SCLC PDXs. TAK-243 synergized with C/E and olaparib &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; across sensitive and resistant SCLC cell lines. Considerable TAK-243–olaparib synergy was observed in an SCLC PDX resistant to both drugs individually. TAK-243 radiosensitization was also observed in an SCLC PDX.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;TAK-243 displays efficacy in SCLC preclinical models. Enrichment of gene sets is associated with TAK-243 sensitivity and resistance. TAK-243 exhibits synergy when combined with genotoxic therapies in cell lines and PDXs. TAK-243 is a potential therapeutic strategy to improve SCLC patient outcomes, both as a single agent and in combination with existing therapies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Topological polaritons and excitons in garden-variety systems (2015)

We present a practical scheme for creating topological polaritons in garden-variety systems based, for example, on zinc-blende semiconductor quantum wells. Our proposal requires a moderate magnetic field and a potential landscape which can be implemented, e.g., via surface acoustic waves or patterning. We identify indirect excitons in double quantum wells as an appealing alternative for topological states in exciton-based systems. Topological polaritons and indirect excitons open a new frontier for topological states in solid-state systems, which can be directly probed and manipulated while offering a system with nonlinear interactions.
Interfacial capacitance immunosensing using interdigitated electrodes: the effect of insulation/immobilization chemistry (2019)

With the aim of improving the reproducibility of capacitive immunosensors, we performed a comparative study of four different insulating/immobilization chemistries. Each chemistry targeted different areas of an interdigitated electrode including an alkyl thiol monolayer on the electrode surface, an amino silane monolayer on the gaps between electrodes, and conformal coatings via passive adsorption of the probe and a spin-coated layer of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). We analyzed the dielectric properties of these chemistries by comparing their capacitive behavior through equivalent circuit modeling and correlate the observed behavior with their surface characteristics by using atomic force microscopy and finite element modeling. We found that surface binding events occurring in the interdigitated electrode gaps play a major role in the overall change in capacitance. This was confirmed via finite element modeling showing an increased electric field intensity in the electrode gaps by 14%, compared to directly above the electrodes. Among the investigated surface chemistries, PMMA conformal coating produced a smooth surface (Rq roughness = 0.21 ± 0.02 nm) providing the most reproducible and stable capacitance change (15.6 ± 0.4%) in response to specific antigen-antibody binding.
Plasma PolyQ-ATXN3 Levels Associate With Cerebellar Degeneration and Behavioral Abnormalities in a New AAV-Based SCA3 Mouse Model (2022)

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a dominantly inherited cerebellar ataxia caused by the expansion of a polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat in the gene encoding ATXN3. The polyQ expansion induces protein inclusion formation in the neurons of patients and results in neuronal degeneration in the cerebellum and other brain regions. We used adeno-associated virus (AAV) technology to develop a new mouse model of SCA3 that recapitulates several features of the human disease, including locomotor defects, cerebellar-specific neuronal loss, polyQ-expanded ATXN3 inclusions, and TDP-43 pathology. We also found that neurofilament light is elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the SCA3 animals, and the expanded polyQ-ATXN3 protein can be detected in the plasma. Interestingly, the levels of polyQ-ATXN3 in plasma correlated with measures of cerebellar degeneration and locomotor deficits in 6-month-old SCA3 mice, supporting the hypothesis that this factor could act as a biomarker for SCA3.
Novel Polarization Enhanced Ohmic Contacts to n-Type GaN (2001)

Utilizing a thin n-type AlxGa1—xN layer on top of n-type GaN, the metal–semiconductor contact resistance can be decreased drastically compared to bulk n-type GaN. Specific contact resistances as low as 8.5 × 10—5 Ω cm2 have been achieved without high temperature annealing. The design of this novel contact is based on polarization fields in the thin AlxGa1—xN layer.
Thermomagnetic recording behavior in the NdTbDyFeCo/DyFeCo-ultrathin bilayer (1994)

Thermomagnetic recording behavior was investigated in a bilayer which was composed of a TM-rich NdTbDyFeCo layer and a high-Tc RE-rich DyFeCo ultrathin layer. The magnetic field sensitivity of the bilayer was investigated by a magnetic field modulation method at a low field of 4 kA/m. Carrier-to-noise-ratio depends sensitively on the thickness of the ultrathin layer and reaches its maximum value at approximately 2.5 nm. Using a polarized light microscope it was observed that the domain formation process makes a transition from nucleation-dominated (ND) to wall-motion-dominated (WMD) as the thickness increases, and during the transition the highest magnetic field sensitivity was achieved. We explained those results with a model in which the domain formation started in WMD and ended in ND.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Identification of cell-specific targets of sumoylation during mouse spermatogenesis (2015)

Recent findings suggest diverse and potentially multiple roles of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) in testicular function and spermatogenesis. However, SUMO targets remain uncharacterized in the testis due to the complex multicellular nature of testicular tissue, the inability to maintain and manipulate spermatogenesis in vitro, and the technical challenges involved in identifying low-abundance endogenous SUMO targets. In this study, we performed cell-specific identification of sumoylated proteins using concentrated cell lysates prepared with de-sumoylation inhibitors from freshly purified spermatocytes and spermatids. One-hundred and twenty proteins were uniquely identified in the spermatocyte and/or spermatid fractions. The identified proteins are involved in the regulation of transcription, stress response, microRNA biogenesis, regulation of major enzymatic pathways, nuclear-cytoplasmic transport, cell-cycle control, acrosome biogenesis, and other processes. Several proteins with important roles during spermatogenesis were chosen for further characterization by co-immunoprecipitation, co-localization, and in vitro sumoylation studies. GPS-SUMO Software was used to identify consensus and non-consensus sumoylation sites within the amino acid sequences of the proteins. The analyses confirmed the cell-specific sumoylation and/or SUMO interaction of several novel, previously uncharacterized SUMO targets such as CDK1, RNAP II, CDC5, MILI, DDX4, TDP-43, and STK31. Furthermore, several proteins that were previously identified as SUMO targets in somatic cells (KAP1 and MDC1) were identified as SUMO targets in germ cells. Many of these proteins have a unique role in spermatogenesis and during meiotic progression. This research opens a novel avenue for further studies of SUMO at the level of individual targets.
Group Social Context and Children's Aggressive Behavior (1994)

Very little is known about the influence of the social-psychological context on children's aggressive behavior. The purpose of this research was to examine the interrelations of group contextual factors and the occurrence of aggressive behavior in 22 experimental play groups of 7- and 9-year-old African-American boys. Group context was examined before, during, and after an aggressive act as well as during nonaggressive periods. The results showed that there are dimensions of group context (i.e., negative affect, high aversive behavior, high activity level, low group cohesion, competitiveness) that were related to the occurrence of aggressive behavior between 2 children in the group. Group context influenced how children reacted to aggression between its members (e.g., siding with the victim), which in turn influenced the quality of the postaggression group atmosphere. This study suggests that individual-within-context information be incorporated into theories of aggression among children.
GEdit (1991)

GEdit is a prototype graphical editor that permits you to create and manipulate three simple types of objects using shorthand and proof-reader's type gestures. The three types of objects that can be manipulated are: squares, circles and triangles. Using hand-drawn symbols, the user can add, delete, move- and copy these objects. Objects can be manipulated individually or in groups. Groups are specified with hand-drawn circling symbols.
Single atom catalysis: a decade of stunning progress and the promise for a bright future (2020)

Controlling the hybridization of single atoms in suitable host materials opens unique opportunities for catalyst design, but equally faces many challenges. Here, we highlight emerging directions from the last, highly productive, decade in single-atom catalysis and identify frontiers for future research.
Short circuit behavior of wind turbine generators (2009)

The growth of wind power has brought a new form of generation equipment into the power grid that has short-circuit characteristics different than synchronous generators. Although these characteristics are unconventional, the magnitude of short-circuit current produced by the various types of wind turbine generators is typically small relative to conventional synchronous generators in the grid. This is particularly true for doubly-fed (Type 3) and full-conversion (Type 4) generators.