gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effects of original and randomized rapeseed oils containing high or very low levels of erucic acid on cardiac lipids and myocardial lesions in rats (1977)

The nutritional status of the very lowerucate, rapseed oil, Brassica napus var. 'Tower,' was compared with that of the high-erucate oil, Brassica napus var. 'Target,' as well as with corn oil. The effect of randomization on the nutritional qualities of rapeseed oil was investigated as well. The feeding of diets containing the original and randomized 'Tower' oil or the original 'Target' oil, at the 20% level by weight, gave growth rates which were not significantly different from that for corn oil. However, the randomized 'Target' oil gave growth rates which were significantly less than all other groups. The growth results could not be explained simply on the basis of food consumption. The level of triglycerides in the hearts of rats fed the very low-erucate oils was not significantly different from the corn oil group. Triglyceride concentrations in the hearts of animals given the high-erucate oils were 7-12 times greater than all other groups. The level of total fatty acids in tissue phospholipids was the same regardless of dietary treatment. Fatty acid compositions of the tissue lipid were the same in animals fed either the original or randomized rapeseed oils. A much higher incidence of focal myocardial necrosis was found in animals receiving high-erucate rapeseed oil relative to animals given the corn oil. The incidence in rats fed diets containing very low-erucate rapeseed oil was intermediate between these latter two extremes.
Isolation of Mutant Cells Lacking Insig-1 through Selection with SR-12813, an Agent That Stimulates Degradation of 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase (2004)

Insig-1 and Insig-2 are membrane proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum that regulate lipid metabolism by the following two actions: 1) sterol-induced binding to 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, an action that leads to ubiquitination and degradation of the enzyme; and 2) sterol-induced binding to SREBP cleavage-activating protein, an action that blocks the proteolytic processing of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs), membrane-bound transcription factors that enhance the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids. Here we report the isolation of a new mutant line of Chinese hamster ovary cells, designated SRD-14, in which Insig-1 mRNA and protein are not produced due to a partial deletion of the INSIG-1 gene. The SRD-14 cells were produced by gamma-irradiation, followed by selection with the 1,1-bisphosphonate ester SR-12813, which mimics sterols in accelerating reductase degradation but does not block SREBP processing. SRD-14 cells fail to respond to sterols by promoting reductase ubiquitination and degradation. The rate at which sterols suppress SREBP processing is significantly slower in SRD-14 cells than wild type CHO-7 cells. Sterol regulation of reductase degradation and SREBP processing is restored when SRD-14 cells are transfected with expression plasmids encoding either Insig-1 or Insig-2. These results provide formal genetic proof for the essential role of Insig-1 in feedback control of lipid synthesis in cultured cells.
Predicting Oral Drug Absorption in Humans (1999)

Drugs are most commonly given into the body by the oral route of administration. In fact, the vast majority of pharmaceutical dosage forms are designed for oral introduction, primarily for ease of administration [1]. The prediction of oral drug absorption is of pharmaceutical interest [2]. If used appropriately, it can greatly accelerate the screening of new molecular entities and the development of new products. In a broad sense, there exist qualitative and quantitative approaches to the estimatation of oral drug absorption [3]. Qualitative models include the pHpartition hypothesis and the absorption potential concept. Quantitative models include dispersion models, mass balance approaches, and compartmental absorption and transit models. This chapter is aimed at reviewing these absorption models, with an emphasis on recent developments.
Two developmental genes encoding sigma factor homologs are arranged in tandem in Bacillus subtilis. (1988)

The sporulation-essential gene spoIIG of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis encodes the sporulation-specific sigma factor sigma 29(sigma E). We report here the initial characterization of a gene, referred to as ORF3, located immediately downstream of the spoIIG gene. The results indicate that ORF3 encodes a sigma homolog, whose expression is highly regulated during development. Analysis of the ORF3 nucleotide sequence reveals an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 260 amino acid residues (molecular mass of 30.1 kDa). Its predicted amino acid sequence shows significant similarity to that of other RNA polymerase sigma factor sequences. S1 nuclease mapping experiments indicate that ORF3 is initially cotranscribed with spoIIG from about 1 to 4 hr into the sporulation process and that later on ORF3 is transcribed independently from a new site located between spoIIG and ORF3. The role of ORF3 was investigated by constructing a deletion mutation in its structural gene. The mutant exhibits normal growth but is unable to produce heat-resistant spores. We propose that the ORF3 gene product is a sigma factor or a related peptide essential for sporulation at a late stage of development.
Towards a self-organizing replication model for non-sequential media access (2010)

Due to the vast amount of video available in the Internet new access patterns emerge. Users do not always want to watch all of the content sequentially - such as in a movie - but want to pick specific parts, which are interesting for them. Based on a model of small and semantically meaningful and active video units, we derive an artificial hormone replication system that provides the flexibility for non-sequential access of units. We evaluate our model by simulation and compare it to a reference system. We show that simple local decisions contribute to global properties such as delay and robustness. We further introduce a clean-up function, which leads to adaptive management of the number of replicas.
Oblivious Linear Group Actions and Applications (2021)

In this paper we propose efficient two-party protocols for obliviously applying a (possibly random) linear group action to a data set. Our protocols capture various applications such as oblivious shuffles, circular shifts, matrix multiplications, to name just a few. A notable feature enjoyed by our protocols, is that they admit a round-optimal (more precisely, one-round) online computation phase, once an input-independent off-line computation phase has been completed. Our oblivious shuffle is the first to achieve a round-optimal online phase. The most efficient instantiations of our protocols are obtained in the so-called client-aided client-server setting, where the offline phase is run by a semi-honest input party (client) who will then distribute the generated correlated randomness to the computing parties (servers). When comparing the total running time to the previous best two-party oblivious shuffle protocol by Chase et al. (Asiacrypt 2020), our shuffle protocol in this client-aided setting is up to 105 times and 152 times faster, in the LAN and WAN setting, respectively. We additionally show how the Chase et al. protocol (which is a standard two-party protocol) can be modified to leverage the advantages of the client-aided setting, but show that, even doing so, our scheme is still two times faster in the online phase and 1.34 times faster in total on average.
Alveolar Development and Disease (2015)

Gas exchange after birth is entirely dependent on the remarkable architecture of the alveolus, its formation and function being mediated by the interactions of numerous cell types whose precise positions and activities are controlled by a diversity of signaling and transcriptional networks. In the later stages of gestation, alveolar epithelial cells lining the peripheral lung saccules produce increasing amounts of surfactant lipids and proteins that are secreted into the airspaces at birth. The lack of lung maturation and the associated lack of pulmonary surfactant in preterm infants causes respiratory distress syndrome, a common cause of morbidity and mortality associated with premature birth. At the time of birth, surfactant homeostasis begins to be established by balanced processes involved in surfactant production, storage, secretion, recycling, and catabolism. Insights from physiology and engineering made in the 20th century enabled survival of newborn infants requiring mechanical ventilation for the first time. Thereafter, advances in biochemistry, biophysics, and molecular biology led to an understanding of the pulmonary surfactant system that made possible exogenous surfactant replacement for the treatment of preterm infants. Identification of surfactant proteins, cloning of the genes encoding them, and elucidation of their roles in the regulation of surfactant synthesis, structure, and function have provided increasing understanding of alveolar homeostasis in health and disease. This Perspective seeks to consider developmental aspects of the pulmonary surfactant system and its importance in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic lung diseases related to alveolar homeostasis.
Spatially controlled synthesis of silver nanoparticles and nanowires by photosensitized reduction (2010)

International audience
Secretion of<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>Killer Toxin: Processing of the Glycosylated Precursor (1983)

Killer toxin secretion was blocked at the restrictive temperature in Saccharomyces cerevisiae sec mutants with conditional defects in the S. cerevisiae secretory pathway leading to accumulation of endoplasmic reticulum (sec18), Golgi (sec7), or secretory vesicles (sec1). A 43,000-molecular-weight (43K) glycosylated protoxin was found by pulse-labeling in all sec mutants at the restrictive temperature. In sec18 the protoxin was stable after a chase; but in sec7 and sec1 the protoxin was unstable, and in sec1 11K toxin was detected in cell lysates. The chymotrypsin inhibitor tosyl-l-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone (TPCK) blocked toxin secretion in vivo in wild-type cells by inhibiting protoxin cleavage. The unstable protoxin in wild-type and in sec7 and sec1 cells at the restrictive temperature was stabilized by TPCK, suggesting that the protoxin cleavage was post-sec18 and was mediated by a TPCK-inhibitable protease. Protoxin glycosylation was inhibited by tunicamycin, and a 36K protoxin was detected in inhibited cells. This 36K protoxin was processed, but toxin secretion was reduced 10-fold. We examined two kex mutants defective in toxin secretion; both synthesized a 43K protoxin, which was stable in kex1 but unstable in kex2. Protoxin stability in kex1 kex2 double mutants indicated the order kex1 --> kex2 in the protoxin processing pathway. TPCK did not block protoxin instability in kex2 mutants. This suggested that the KEX1- and KEX2-dependent steps preceded the sec7 Golgi block. We attempted to localize the protoxin in S. cerevisiae cells. Use of an in vitro rabbit reticulocyte-dog pancreas microsomal membrane system indicated that protoxin synthesized in vitro could be inserted into and glycosylated by the microsomal membranes. This membrane-associated protoxin was protected from trypsin proteolysis. Pulse-chased cells or spheroplasts, with or without TPCK, failed to secrete protoxin. The protoxin may not be secreted into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, but may remain membrane associated and may require endoproteolytic cleavage for toxin secretion.
Supplementary figure 1 legend from Results of the ADAPT Phase 3 Study of Rocapuldencel-T in Combination with Sunitinib as First-Line Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (2023)

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A sepsis progression model in humans: characterization of biomarkers descriptive of sepsis progression (2011)

Previously our group has developed neural net progression models to characterize the development of organ failure in an ovine only as well as an integrated human/ovine model of acute lung injury using early clinical information. The goal of this study was to expand our model of disease progression using clinically available data as well as more exploratory biomarkers, such as the endotoxin activity assay (EAA), cytokines, D-dimer, copeptin, and procalcitonin, in an adult population with sepsis.
&lt;title&gt;Total least squares approach for the solution of the perturbation equation&lt;/title&gt; (1995)

This paper presents a new algorithm for solving the perturbation equation of the form W(Delta) x equals (Delta) I encountered in optical tomographic image reconstruction. The methods we developed previously are all based on the least squares formulation, which finds a solution that best fits the measurement (Delta) x while assuming the weight matrix W is accurate. In imaging problems, usually errors also occur in the weight matrix W. In this paper, we propose an iterative total least squares (ITLS) method which minimizes the errors in both weights and detector readings. Theoretically, the total least squares (TLS) solution is given by the singular vector of the matrix associated with the minimal singular value. The proposed ITLS method obtains this solution using a conjugate gradient method which is particularly suitable for very large matrices. Experimental results have shown that the TLS method can yield a significantly more accurate result than the LS method when the perturbation equation is overdetermined.
Cardiac retransplantation: is it justified in times of critical donor organ shortage? Long-term single-center experience☆ (2008)

Cardiac retransplantation is associated with lower survival rates compared to primary transplantation. However, results after retransplantation in chronic graft failure are significantly better compared to acute graft failure. Therefore, we consider cardiac retransplantation in chronic graft failure a justified therapeutic option. In contrast, patients with acute graft failure seem to be inappropriate candidates for cardiac retransplantation.
Analogues of the Epoxy Resin Monomer Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol F: Effects on Contact Allergenic Potency and Cytotoxicity (2012)

Diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and bisphenol F (DGEBF) are widely used as components in epoxy resin thermosetting products. They are known to cause occupational and nonoccupational allergic contact dermatitis. The aim of this study is to investigate analogues of DGEBF with regard to contact allergy and cytotoxicity. A comprehensive knowledge of the structural features that contribute to the allergenic and cytotoxic effects of DGEBF will guide the development of future novel epoxy resin systems with reduced health hazards for those coming into contact with them. It was found that the allergenic effects of DGEBF were dependent on its terminal epoxide groups. In contrast, it was found that the cytotoxicity in monolayer cell culture was dependent not only on the presence of epoxide groups but also on other structural features.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of MEDI4736, a fully human anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibody, in combination with tremelimumab in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (2015)

e14010 Background: MEDI4736 is a human IgG1 mAb that blocks PD-L1 binding to PD-1 and CD-80 with high affinity and selectivity. Tremelimumab is a selective human IgG2 mAb inhibitor of CTLA-4 that promotes T-cell activity though CTLA-4 inhibition. Combination of anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 provides blockade of non-redundant pathways and potential for enhanced biological activity. The primary objectives of this analysis were to assess the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and immunogenicity of MEDI4736 in combination with tremelimumab in patients with NSCLC. Methods: Data were collected from a phase 1b study (NCT02000947) designed to evaluate safety and tolerability of MEDI4736 in combination with tremelimumab following 3.0, 10, 15 and 20 mg/kg every 4 weeks (Q4W)/every 2 weeks (Q2W) MEDI4736 and 1, 3 and 10 mg/kg Q4W tremelimumab. PK (n = 51), soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1; n = 50), and anti-drug antibody (ADA; n = 53) data were available following MEDI4736. Tremelimumab PK (n = 26) and ADA (n = 53) data were also available. Data analysis was performed using Phoenix WinNonlin and GraphPad Prism software. Results: An approximately dose proportional increase in PK exposure of both MEDI4736 and tremelimumab was observed over the dose range of 3 to 20 mg/kg MEDI4736 and 1 to 10 mg/kg tremelimumab. Accumulation in PK of both MEDI4736 and tremelimumab was observed following repeated dosing. The observed PK exposures of MEDI4736 and tremelimumab following combination were in line with respective monotherapy data, indicating no PK interaction. Only 2 of 53 subjects (both at 15 mg/kg MEDI4736 + 1 mg/kg tremelimumab) were ADA positive for either anti-MEDI4736 or anti-tremelimumab antibodies post treatment. Following MEDI4736 in combination with tremelimumab, complete sPD-L1 suppression was observed in all subjects over the dose range of 3 to 20 mg/kg. Conclusions: MEDI4736 and tremelimumab exhibited dose-proportional PK exposures and were in line with other monotherapy studies. Low incidence of ADA was observed. Complete sPD-L1 suppression was observed throughout the dosing interval in all subjects. Clinical trial information: NCT02000947.
A monoclonal antibody (AB/3) reactive with human breast cancer. (1985)

Monoclonal antibody AB/3 was produced from a fusion of spleen cells of a human breast cancer cell-primed BALB/c mouse with the murine myeloma cell line P3-NS1-Ag4-1. The antibody reacted strongly with the plasma membrane of human breast cancer cells. Tissue sections of both malignant and benign human mammary carcinomas and tumors of non-breast origin as well as apparently normal tissues were tested with immunoperoxidase. Ninety-six of 124 (77%) primary human breast cancers, 12 of 14 (86%) metastatic breast lesions, and 12 of 44 (27%) benign breast lesions reacted positively. Little or no appreciable reactivity was observed with apparently normal human tissues and carcinomas of non-breast origin, with the exception of colon carcinoma. Antibody AB/3 did not immunoprecipitate any identifiable protein from radiolabeled extracts of the immunizing cell line.
Hydraulic Jet Pumps Prove Ideally Suited for Remote Canadian Oil Field (2005)

With 150 Million Barrels of recoverable reserves, the Nexen Hay River Bluesky oil pool is among the largest oil discoveries in Western Canada in the past two decades. Initial pilot production testing lead to the conclusions that, in order to produce the field in its most economical fashion, the following would be needed: Triple lateral horizontal producing wellsIn field horizontal water injection/water disposal wells for pressure maintenanceArtificial Lift from the outsetFurther complicating production of the Hay Pool, which is located in a remote area of North-Eastern British Columbia, was the fact that road access would be limited to 4 months of the year because any road through the muskeg would need to be
Molecular Recognition of Complementary Liposomes:  The Enhancing Role of Cholesterol (2000)

Liposomes based on hydrogenated phosphatidylcholine (PC) incorporating dihexadecyl phosphate (DHP) and 1-(4-(dihexadecylcarbamoyl) butyl)guanidinium p-toluene sulfonate (DBG), respectively, were mixed in aqueous dispersion at room temperature, and their molecular recognition effectiveness was investigated by turbidimetric measurements, microscopy, DSC, and isothermal titration calorimetry. Because of the high binding efficiency of the incorporated recognizable lipids, accurate results could be obtained for low DHP/PC and DBG/PC molar ratios (19:1), especially for enthalpy change measurements. The liposome−liposome interaction was further investigated as a function of the cholesterol content in mixed (PC−cholesterol) liposomes. At appropriate cholesterol concentrations, the organization of the recognizable moieties within the liquid-ordered phase of the bilayer membrane enhances molecular recognition at the liposomal interface.
PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEMS TRADEOFFS FOR CO2 STORAGE IN SALINE FORMATIONS. (2013)

Abstract not provided.
Ovine Osteopontin: I. Cloning and Expression of Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in the Uterus During the Periimplantation Period1 (1999)

Trophoblast-derived interferon tau (IFNtau) acts on the endometrium to increase secretion of several proteins during the pregnancy recognition period in ruminants. One of these is a 70-kDa acidic protein that has not been identified. Our hypothesis was that the 70-kDa acidic protein is osteopontin (OPN). OPN is an acidic glycoprotein that fragments upon freezing and thawing or treatment with proteases including thrombin. OPN contains a Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (GRGDS) sequence that binds to cell surface integrins to promote cell-cell attachment and cell spreading. Using antisera to recombinant human OPN, both 70-kDa and 45-kDa proteins were identified in uterine flushings from pregnant ewes by Western blotting. A clone containing the entire ovine OPN cDNA coding sequence was isolated by screening a Day 15 pregnant ovine endometrial cDNA library with a partial ovine OPN cDNA. In pregnant ewes, steady-state levels of OPN endometrial mRNA increased (P < 0. 01) after Day 17. In both cyclic and pregnant ewes, in situ hybridization analysis showed that OPN mRNA was localized on unidentified immune cells within the stratum compactum of the endometrium. In pregnant ewes, OPN mRNA was also expressed by the glandular epithelium. Results suggest that progesterone and/or IFNtau induce expression and secretion of OPN by uterine glands during the periimplantation period and that OPN may induce adhesion between luminal epithelium and trophectoderm to facilitate superficial implantation.
Gas Hydrate Exploration with 3D VSP Technology, North Slope, Alaska (2005)

Gas hydrate exploration with 3D VSP technology North Slope Alaska Donn McGuire* Anadarko Petroleum Corp Steve Runyon and Tom Williams Maurer Technology Inc. and Bjorn Paulsson Alex Goertz and Martin Karrenbach Paulsson Geophysical Services Inc. Summary A 3D VSP survey was recorded in February 2004 in conjunction with a continuously cored hydrate exploratory well on the North Slope of Alaska. The purpose of the VSP was to identify and delineate lateral variations in the subsurface within the hydrate stability zone (HSZ) by using high frequency seismic sources arrayed in a 3D surface pattern and high-density 3 component geophones in the