gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pathologies and mortality rates caused by organic carbon and nutrient stressors in three Caribbean coral species (2005)

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 294:173-180 (2005) - doi:10.3354/meps294173 Pathologies and mortality rates caused by organic carbon and nutrient stressors in three Caribbean coral species Neilan M. Kuntz1,3, David I. Kline1,2,3, Stuart A. Sandin2, Forest Rohwer1,4,* 1Department of Biology, LS301, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182, USA2Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA3Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 2072, Balboa, Republic of Panama4Center for Microbial Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, USA *Corresponding author. Email: forest@sunstroke.sdsu.edu ABSTRACT: Anthropogenic inputs, including organic carbon and nutrient loading, are increasingly changing the water quality on coral reefs. Herein we show that treating Montastraea annularis, Agaricia tenuifolia and Porites furcata with various organic carbon sources (starch, lactose, arabinose and mannose) results in different species-specific and carbon-specific pathologies and rates of mortality. The variation in the pathological characteristics caused by stressors showed that visual cues for determining coral health and disease may be misleading. The probability of mortality increased significantly over time with continual exposure to several of the stressors, suggesting that chronic stressors may be more harmful than acute stressors. In contrast to the organic carbon sources, high concentrations of nutrients (phosphate, ammonium and nitrate) did not directly kill corals. The variation in coral responses to anthropogenic stressors means that changes on disturbed coral reefs will depend on the type of and duration of exposure to the stressor, as well as on the species of coral. KEY WORDS: Coral · Disease · Symptoms · Chronic stress · Ecotoxicology Full text in pdf format PreviousNextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 294. Online publication date: June 09, 2005 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2005 Inter-Research.
TEMPORALLY ACTIVE DATABASES := ACTIVE DATABASES + TIME (1991)

A method of adding time to active databases is described in this paper. This is achieved by incorporating operators of temporal logic, temporal actions, and different temporal clauses into the Event-Condition-Action model of a rule. In addition, a temporal recognize-act cycle is described and new temporal conflict resolution strategies are proposed. A conflict avoidance strategy for temporal rules is also described.
Multiple branching and attachment structures in cloudinomorphs, Nama Group, Namibia (2020)

Abstract The Ediacaran-Cambrian cloudinomorphs, which include Cloudina, are the first putative skeletal metazoans. They have a benthic ecology and tubular, organic, or biomineralized stacked funnel morphologies but an unresolved phylogenetic affinity. Rare dichotomous branching has been described in Cloudina, but here we demonstrate the presence of multiple (polytomous), dichotomous branching in cloudinomorphs from a microbial mat community from the Nama Group, Namibia, as revealed by three-dimensional models created from serial sections. Branches share an open, central cavity, and branching is achieved via external budding. These cloudinomorphs show attachment and mutual cementation to each other, and also to Namacalathus, via extratubular skeletal structures to potentially form a horizontal framework. Polytomous branching excludes a bilaterian affinity as proposed for other cloudinomorphs. This raises the possibility that the Ediacaran tubular, funnel morphology is convergent, and that cloudinomorphs may, in fact, represent taxa of diverse affinity.
Wide-FOV head-mounted display using hybrid optics (2004)

This paper describes a hybrid optical system using a combination of glass and polymer optics, including aspheric surfaces, in a Wide FOV Head Mounted Display (HMD) for Simulation and Visualisation.
ARE YELLOW TRAFFIC SIGNALS BRIGHTER THAN THEY NEED TO BE (2003)

Standards for traffic signals in North America indicate that green signals need to have a luminous intensity that is 2.0 times greater that than of the red signal, while yellow signals need a luminous intensity that is 4.6 times greater than the red signal. In Europe and Japan, all three signal colors must have the same luminous intensity. North America has witnessed an increase in the use of light emitting diodes (LEDs) in traffic signals over incandescent bulbs, primarily due to LED lights requiring less energy and having a longer life. Currently, there are no standards-complying yellow LED traffic signals on the market. This article looks at issues such as the impact that luminous intensity might have on reaction times and the percentage of missed signals. It also emphasizes the need for standards-makers to consider what visual responses are required for each signal color and how a given luminous intensity provides the required visual response.
LSC - 2017 - Tumor-associated macrophages promote inflammasome-dependent lung tumor progression in mice (2017)

Macrophages highly populate tumour microenvironment and are referred to as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). A strong association between poor prognosis and TAMs infiltration has been observed in non-small cell lung cancer patients, implying the relevant role of these cells during lung carcinogenesis and tumor progression. The inflammasome is a multiprotein complex responsible of IL-1 like cytokines release via caspase-1 activation, whose role in cancer is still controversial. Therefore, the aim of our study was to understand the role of the inflammasome in lung TAMs. We isolated and cultured broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL)-derived cells of lung tumor-bearing mice. The stimulation of lung TAMs with LPS+ATP increased the release of IL-1ß. The inhibition of NLRP3 significantly reduced IL-1ß release. C3H-derived TAMs released significantly reduced levels of IL-1ß. NLRP3 activation in lung TAMs was mtROS-dependent and was responsible of caspase-1/caspase-11 activation. The stimulation of lung TAMs with the sole LPS induced a significant release of IL-1a, significantly reduced after caspase-1 pharmacological inhibition, and in TAMs genetically lacking caspase-1 and caspase-11. The inoculation of LPS-treated bone marrow-derived macrophages into carcinogen-exposed mice increased lung tumor formation. In contrast, the depletion of IL-1a/ß-producing TAMs reduced lung tumorigenesis. In conclusion, our data imply lung tumor lesions are populated by macrophages which pro-tumor activity is regulated by the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome that leads to the release of IL-1a and IL-1ß in a caspase-1-dependent manner.
Resilient High-Performance Processors with Spare RIBs (2013)

Resilience to defects and parametric variations is of the utmost concern for future technology generations. Traditional redundancy to repair defects, however, can incur performance penalties owing to multiplexing. This article presents a processor design that incorporates bit-sliced redundancy along the data path. This approach makes it possible to tolerate defects without hurting performance, because the same bit offset is left unused throughout the execution core. In addition, the authors use this approach to enhance performance by avoiding excessively slow critical paths created by random delay variations. Adding a single bit slice, for instance, can reduce the delay overhead of random process variations by 10 percent while providing fault tolerance for 15 percent of the execution core.
CMOS sensor and camera for the PHI instrument on board Solar Orbiter: evaluation of the radiation tolerance (2012)

The ESA/NASA Solar Orbiter mission, to be launched in 2017, will explore the Sun at a much closer distance than any previous solar observatory. On board the spacecraft, a high-resolution magnetograph (PHI) will provide two-dimensional measurements of the photospheric vector magnetic field and line-of-sight velocity. The environmental conditions encountered during the mission, together with the stringent performance requirements of the instrument, define the set of specifications for the camera system. A custom designed CMOS sensor (with 2048×2050 pixels) has been developed to fulfill the aimed radiation hardness and performance. This sensor must demonstrate a cadence above 10 fps with a full-well capacity higher than 10<sup>5</sup> electrons in a 10-&mu;m pixel pitch. We report the characterization and qualification tests. The radiation test campaign has been completed up to a TID of 150 krad(Si), proton fluence up to 4 × 10<sup>11</sup> at 10 MeV and 2 × 10<sup>11</sup> at 20 MeV, and with heavy ions to check for latch-up and SEFI failures. In parallel, a radiation tolerant camera electronic readout system has been built to control the sensor and readout images, digitize the data, and communicate with the data handling system of the PHI instrument. In addition, we present the main issues related to the camera design and future perspectives.
Glucose transporter upregulation improves ischemic tolerance in hypertrophied failing heart. (1998)

Despite reportedly higher glycolytic enzyme activities, maximal glucose transport appears to be reduced and is rate limiting in hypertrophied heart. Stimulation of membrane glucose transport with vanadyl sulfate significantly improved glycolytic flux and ischemic preservation in hypertrophied hearts.
DNA hypermethylation analysis in sputum for the diagnosis of lung cancer: training validation set approach (2015)

Our findings underscore the impact of DNA methylation markers in symptomatic lung cancer diagnosis. RASSF1A is validated as diagnostic marker in lung cancer.
Draft Genome Sequence of Non-Vibrio parahaemolyticus Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease Strain KC13.17.5, Isolated from Diseased Shrimp in Vietnam (2015)

A strain of Vibrio (KC13.17.5) causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in shrimp in northern Vietnam was isolated. Normally, AHPND is caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus, but the genomic sequence of the strain indicated that it belonged to Vibrio harveyi. The sequence data included plasmid-like sequences and putative virulence genes.
Extending Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Network Life without Full Knowledge (2017)

When extending the life of Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (WRSN), one challenge is charging networks as they grow larger. Overcoming this limitation will render a WRSN more practical and highly adaptable to growth in the real world. Most charging algorithms require a priori full knowledge of sensor nodes' power levels in order to determine the nodes that require charging. In this work, we present a probabilistic algorithm that extends the life of scalable WRSN without a priori power knowledge and without full network exploration. We develop a probability bound on the power level of the sensor nodes and utilize this bound to make decisions while exploring a WRSN. We verify the algorithm by simulating a wireless power transfer unmanned aerial vehicle, and charging a WRSN to extend its life. Our results show that, without knowledge, our proposed algorithm extends the life of a WRSN on average 90% of what an optimal full knowledge algorithm can achieve. This means that the charging robot does not need to explore the whole network, which enables the scaling of WRSN. We analyze the impact of network parameters on our algorithm and show that it is insensitive to a large range of parameter values.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Suppression of G-protein–Coupled Receptor Kinase 3 Expression Is a Feature of Classical GBM That Is Required for Maximal Growth (2023)

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Molecular investigations of cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) provide the first evidence of Rickettsia felis in Malta and Candidatus Rickettsia senegalensis in Israel (2018)

<i>Rickettsia felis</i>, the causative agent of flea-borne spotted fever, occurs on all continents except Antarctica, owing to the cosmopolitan distribution of its cat flea vector. In this study, cat fleas were collected in two countries where the occurrence of <i>R. felis</i> was either unknown (Malta) or where accurate prevalence data were lacking (Israel). Altogether 129 fleas were molecularly analysed for the presence of rickettsial DNA. On the basis of three genetic markers, <i>R. felis</i> was identified in 39.5% (15/38) of the cat fleas from Malta. Sequences showed 100% identity to each other and to relevant sequences in GenBank. Among the 91 cat fleas from Israel, two (2.2%) contained the DNA of <i>Candidatus</i> Rickettsia senegalensis. Phylogenetically, the <i>R. felis</i> and <i>Candidatus</i> R. senegalensis identified here clustered separately (with high support) but within one clade, which was a sister group to that formed by the typhus group and spotted fever group rickettsiae. This is the first record of <i>R. felis</i> in Malta and of <i>Candidatus</i> R. senegalensis outside its formerly reported geographical range including Africa, Asia and North America.
Sequential Offloading for Distributed DNN Computation in Multiuser MEC Systems (2022)

This paper studies a sequential task offloading problem for a multiuser mobile edge computing (MEC) system. We consider a dynamic optimization approach, which embraces wireless channel fluctuations and random deep neural network (DNN) task arrivals over an infinite horizon. Specifically, we introduce a local CPU workload queue (WD-QSI) and an MEC server workload queue (MEC-QSI) to model the dynamic workload of DNN tasks at each WD and the MEC server, respectively. The transmit power and the partitioning of the local DNN task at each WD are dynamically determined based on the instantaneous channel conditions (to capture the transmission opportunities) and the instantaneous WD-QSI and MEC-QSI (to capture the dynamic urgency of the tasks) to minimize the average latency of the DNN tasks. The joint optimization can be formulated as an ergodic Markov decision process (MDP), in which the optimality condition is characterized by a centralized Bellman equation. However, the brute force solution of the MDP is not viable due to the curse of dimensionality as well as the requirement for knowledge of the global state information. To overcome these issues, we first decompose the MDP into multiple lower dimensional sub-MDPs, each of which can be associated with a WD or the MEC server. Next, we further develop a parametric online Q-learning algorithm, so that each sub-MDP is solved locally at its associated WD or the MEC server. The proposed solution is completely decentralized in the sense that the transmit power for sequential offloading and the DNN task partitioning can be determined based on the local channel state information (CSI) and the local WD-QSI at the WD only. Additionally, no prior knowledge of the distribution of the DNN task arrivals or the channel statistics will be needed for the MEC server.
ChemInform Abstract: TRIP: A Powerful Broensted Acid Catalyst for Asymmetric Synthesis (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Antagonistic roles of canonical and alternative RPA in tandem CAG repeat diseases (2022)

ABSTRACT Tandem CAG repeat expansion mutations cause &gt;15 neurodegenerative diseases, where ongoing expansions in patients’ brains are thought to drive disease onset and progression. Repeat length mutations will involve single-stranded DNAs prone to form mutagenic DNA structures. However, the involvement of single-stranded DNA binding proteins (SSBs) in the prevention or formation of repeat instability is poorly understood. Here, we assessed the role of two SSBs, canonical RPA (RPA1-RPA2-RPA3) and the related Alternative-RPA (Alt-RPA, RPA1-RPA4-RPA3), where the primate-specific RPA4 replaces RPA2. RPA is essential for all forms of DNA metabolism, while Alt-RPA has undefined functions. RPA and Alt-RPA are upregulated 2- and 10-fold, respectively, in brains of Huntington disease (HD) and spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) patients. Correct repair of slipped-CAG DNA structures, intermediates of expansion mutations, is enhanced by RPA, but blocked by Alt-RPA. Slipped-DNAs are bound and melted more efficiently by RPA than by Alt-RPA. Removal of excess slipped-DNAs by FAN1 nuclease is enhanced by RPA, but blocked by Alt-RPA. Protein-protein interactomes (BioID) reveal unique and shared partners of RPA and Alt-RPA, including proteins involved in CAG instability and known modifiers of HD and SCA1 disease. RPA overexpression inhibits rampant CAG expansions in SCA1 mouse brains, coinciding with improved neuron morphology and rescued motor phenotypes. Thus, SSBs are involved in repeat length mutations, where Alt-RPA antagonistically blocks RPA from suppressing CAG expansions and hence pathogenesis. The processing of repeat length mutations is one example by which an Alt-RPA↔RPA antagonistic interaction can affect outcomes, illuminating questions as to which of the many processes mediated by canonical RPA may also be modulated by Alt-RPA.
Position Sensorless Control Method at Zero-Speed Region for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Using the Neutral Point Voltage of Stator Windings (2016)

A new sensorless control method that uses the neutral point voltage from stator windings is proposed. Each inductance of the three phase coils of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is slightly affected by the rotor magnet flux. As a result, the neutral point voltage also changes depending on the rotor position. The rotor position can be estimated by detecting the neutral point voltage even in the zero-speed regions based on this principle. In addition to this, this method can be applied to nonsaliency PMSMs. This paper presents the principle and the experimental results when using a small-capacity PMSM without saliency.
Dietary Geranylgeranyl Pyrophosphate Counteracts the Benefits of Statin Therapy in Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension (2021)

There is important dietary regulation of GGPP levels that interferes with the effects of statin therapy in experimental pulmonary hypertension. These observations rely on a key and central role of RhoA-ROCK2 cascade activation and Rab10-faciliated CaSR membrane trafficking with subsequent overexpression and binding of HIMF to CaSR. These findings warrant clinical investigation for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension and perhaps other diseases by combining statin with garlic-derived methyl-allylthiosulfinate or garlic extracts and thus circumventing dietary GGPP variations.
Supplementary Figure 8 from Preferential Replication of Systemically Delivered Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus in Focally Irradiated Glioma Xenografts (2023)

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Identification of Novel Genes That Mediate Innate Immunity Using Inbred Mice (2009)

Innate immunity is the first line of defense against microbial infections. Although polymorphisms in toll-like receptors (TLRs) and downstream signaling molecules (CD14, TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, and IRAK4) affect the innate immune response, these variants account for only a portion of the ability of the host to respond to bacteria, fungi, and viruses. To identify other genes involved in the innate immune response, we challenged 16 inbred murine strains with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) systemically and measured serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNFalpha, and the chemokine KC 6 hr post-treatment. Loci that segregate with strain phenotypes were identified by whole genome association (WGA) mapping of cytokine concentrations. Published gene expression profiles and quantitative trait loci (QTL) were then utilized to prioritize loci and genes that potentially regulate the host response to LPS. Sixteen loci were selected for further investigation by combining WGA analysis with previously published QTL for murine response to LPS or gram negative bacteria. Thirty-eight genes within these loci were then selected for further investigation on the basis of the significance of the identified locus, transcriptional response to LPS, and biological plausibility. RNA interference-mediated inhibition of 4 of 38 candidate genes was shown to block the production of IL-6 in J774A.1 macrophages. In summary, our analysis identified 4 genes that have not previously been implicated in innate immunity, namely, 1110058L19Rik, 4933415F23Rik, Fbxo9, and Ipo7. These genes could represent potential sepsis biomarkers or therapeutic targets that should be further investigated in human populations.
Analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nef gene sequences present in vivo (1993)

The nef genes of the human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) and the related simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) encode a protein (Nef) whose role in virus replication and cytopathicity remains uncertain. As an attempt to elucidate the function of nef, we characterized the nucleotide and corresponding protein sequences of naturally occurring nef genes obtained from several HIV-1-infected individuals. A consensus Nef sequence was derived and used to identify several features that were highly conserved among the Nef sequences. These features included a nearly invariant myristylation signal, regions of sequence polymorphism and variable duplication, a region with an acidic charge, a (Pxx)4 repeat sequence, and a potential protein kinase C phosphorylation site. Clustering of premature stop codons at position 124 was noted in 6 of the 54 Nef sequences. Further analysis revealed four stretches of residues that were highly conserved not only among the patient-derived HIV-1 Nef sequences, but also among the Nef sequences of HIV-2 and the SIVs, suggesting that Nef proteins expressed by these retroviruses are functionally equivalent. The "Nef-defining" sequences were used to evaluate the sequence alignments of known proteins reported to share sequence similarity with Nef sequences and to conduct additional computer-based searches for similar protein sequences. A gene encoding the consensus Nef sequence was also generated. This gene encodes a full-length Nef protein that should be a valuable tool in further studies of Nef function.