gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Note on the Probability of Rectangles for Correlated Binary Strings (2020)

Consider two sequences of n independent and identically distributed fair coin tosses, X = (X <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> , . . . , X <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sub> ) and Y = (Y <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> , . . . , Y <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sub> ), which are ρ-correlated for each j, i.e. P[X <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</sub> = Y <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</sub> ] = 1+ρ/2 .We study the question of how large (small) the probability P[X ∈ A, Y ∈ B] can be among all sets A, B ⊂ {0, 1} <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> of a given cardinality. For sets |A|, |B| = Θ(2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> ) it is well known that the largest (smallest) probability is approximately attained by concentric (anti-concentric) Hamming balls, and this can be proved via the hypercontractive inequality (reverse hypercontractivity). Here we consider the case of |A|, |B| = 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Θ</sup> (n). By applying a recent extension of the hypercontractive inequality of Polyanskiy-Samorodnitsky (J. Functional Analysis, 2019), we show that Hamming balls of the same size approximately maximize P[X ∈ A, Y ∈ B] in the regime of p → 1. We also prove a similar tight lower bound, i.e. show that for p → 0 the pair of opposite Hamming balls approximately minimizes the probability P[X ∈ A, Y ∈ B].
Biopolymer Thin Films for Optoelectronics Applications (2010)

Abstract Nowadays one observes a growing interest in studying and application of “green materials” – biomaterials. For an appropriate use of them in practical devices a good knowledge and understanding of their properties are necessary. This paper presents some results obtained for two, the most abundant on the Earth, biopolymers which are DNA and collagen. In order to make these biopolymers useful they have to be functionalized with active molecules, bringing them a researched property. The biopolymers were doped with Rhodamine 590 and Disperse Red 1. The contact angle measurements are also presented and discussed. The present studies show that the properties of these materials depend on the dyes used to render them optically responsive in visible range and on the biopolymer as well. They show that interaction with substrate is modified by the added dye, as expected. We have measured also the optical damage threshold of studied biopolymers at 1,064 nm and we found that it is about one order of magnitude higher for the studied biopolymers as compared with the synthetic ones. Keywords: AFMbiopolymercollagencontact angleDNAoptical damage threshold Acknowledgments Effort sponsored by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Air Force Material Command, USAF, under grant number FA8655-07-1-3002. The US Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purpose notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. The authors would like express their gratitude to Prof. Aurelia Meghea for assistance with experiments and helpful discussions. The authors also acknowledge Amandine Boumard, Antoine Mesmin, Bastien Michelet for their contribution to present work.
Purification and properties of DNase <i>γ</i> from apoptotic rat thymocytes (1997)

We previously identified three distinct DNA endonucleases, DNases alpha, beta and gamma, present in rat thymocyte nuclei. On the basis of their enzymic and biochemical properties, gamma-type DNase was regarded as a candidate for the apoptotic endonuclease. Here we purified DNase gamma to apparent homogeneity from apoptotic rat thymocyte nuclei induced by X-irradiation and characterized its properties in detail. The purified DNase gamma exhibited one predominant protein band on SDS/PAGE and an endonuclease activity in a zymography with an estimated molecular mass of 33 kDa. The molecular mass of the native form determined by G2000SW gel-filtration HPLC was 30 kDa. Amino acid analysis showed that the amino acid composition of DNase gamma was similar to that of rat DNase I (molecular mass 32 kDa) but different with regard to alanine and lysine residues. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of DNase gamma was revealed to be not identical with that of rat DNase I. In accordance with previous studies, homogeneously purified DNase gamma requires both Ca2+ and Mg2+ for activity. This requirement could be partially supplied by Mn2+. Of the bivalent metal ions tested, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ inhibited DNase gamma activity. These bivalent cations also suppressed apoptotic DNA fragmentation in rat thymocytes irradiated by X-rays. The same order of inhibitory ability was observed for these bivalent metal ions in vivo (in intact cells) and in vitro, suggesting that the suppression of apoptotic DNA fragmentation at the cellular level is due to the inhibition of DNase gamma. DNase gamma activity was found to exist at high levels in spleen, lymph node, thymus, liver and kidney, but little was present in brain, heart or pancreas. On the basis of these findings, together with previous data, we conclude that DNase gamma is a novel DNase I-like endonuclease responsible for internucleosomal cleavage of chromatin during thymic apoptosis.
Treatment of Fungal-Infected Diabetic Wounds with Low Temperature Plasma (2021)

Diabetes mellitus renders patients susceptible to chronic wounds and various infections. Regarding the latter, fungal infections are of particular concern since, although they are the source of significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, they are generally resistant to conventional treatment and a definite treatment strategy has not yet been established. Herein, we report the treatment of skin wounds in a diabetic rat model, infected by <i>Candida albicans</i>, with low temperature helium plasma generated in a hand-held atmospheric jet device. A fungal infection was induced on two dorsal skin wounds of the diabetic rats, and one wound was treated with the plasma jet whereas the other served as a control. Histological analysis revealed accelerated skin wound healing and decreased evidence of fungal infection in the plasma-treated group, as compared to the control group. Regeneration of the epidermis and dermis, collagen deposition, and neovascularization were all observed as a result of plasma treatment, but without wound contraction, scar formation or any evidence of thermal damage to the tissue. These findings demonstrate that the He plasma jet is remarkably effective in diabetic skin wounds infected by <i>Candida albicans</i>, thereby providing a promising medical treatment option for diabetes mellitus patients with skin wound and fungal infections.
REVERIE: Natural human interaction in virtual immersive environments (2014)

REVERIE (REal and Virtual Engagement in Realistic Immersive Environments [1]) targets novel research to address the demanding challenges involved with developing state-of-the-art technologies for online human interaction. The REVERIE framework enables users to meet, socialise and share experiences online by integrating cutting-edge technologies for 3D data acquisition and processing, networking, autonomy and real-time rendering. In this paper, we describe the innovative research that is showcased through the REVERIE integrated framework through richly defined use-cases which demonstrate the validity and potential for natural interaction in a virtual immersive and safe environment. Previews of the REVERIE demo and its key research components can be viewed at www.youtube.com/user/REVERIEFP7.
Formation of a pitchfork bifurcation in thermal convection flow inside an isosceles triangular cavity (2006)

Transient, laminar thermal convection of air confined to an isosceles triangular cavity heated from the base and symmetrically cooled from the upper inclined walls has been investigated numerically. The system of conservation equations, subject to the proper boundary conditions, along with the equation of state assuming the air behaves as a perfect gas are solved with the finite volume method. In the conservation equations, the second-order-accurate QUICK scheme was used for the discretization of the convective terms and the SIMPLE scheme for the pressure-velocity coupling. The maximum height-to-base aspect ratio A is fixed at 0.5, while the Grashof number extends from a low Gr=103 to a high Gr=106. The influence of Gr on the flow and temperature patterns is analyzed and discussed for two opposing scenarios, one corresponding to increasing Gr and the other corresponding to decreasing Gr. It is found that two steady-state solutions are possible, excluding their solution images through a vertical mirror plane. The symmetrical solution prevails for relatively low Grashof numbers. However, as the Gr is gradually increased, a transition occurs at a critical value of Gr. Above this critical value of Gr, an asymmetrical solution exhibiting a pitchfork bifurcation arises and eventually becomes steady. The existing ranges of these unsteady and steady solutions are reported for the two opposing scenarios. Also, issues related to the observed hysteresis phenomenon are discussed in detail.
In Situ Electrochemical ELISA for Specific Identification of Captured Cancer Cells (2015)

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells disseminated from a tumor into the bloodstream. Their presence in patient blood samples has been associated with metastatic disease. Here, we report a simple system that enables the isolation and detection of these rare cancer cells. By developing a sensitive electrochemical ELISA method integrated within a microfluidic cell capture system, were we able to reliably detect very low levels of cancer cells in whole blood. Our results indicate that the new system provides the clinically relevant specificity and sensitivity needed for a convenient, point-of-need assay for cancer cell counting.
Next-Generation Ethical Development of Medical Devices (2019)

Each year hundreds of new biomedical devices and therapies are developed to attempt to solve unmet medical needs. However, many fail due to unforeseen challenges of complex ethical, regulatory, and societal issues. We propose that a number of these issues can be effectively transformed into drivers of innovation for medical solutions if ethical analysis is considered early, iteratively, and comprehensively in the research and development process.
Aging‐Driven Composition and Distribution Changes of Electrolyte and Graphite Anode in 18650‐Type Li‐Ion Batteries (Adv. Energy Mater. 45/2022) (2022)

Lithium-Ion Batteries In article number 2201652, Anatoliy Senyshyn and co-workers investigate the degradation mechanisms of real life 18650-type lithium-ion batteries using a combination of neutron diffraction, calorimetry, infrared measurements, and chemical analytics of battery electrolytes. In addition to the increase of internal cell resistance, loss of movable lithium and “drying out” of the cell, they reveal decomposition of conducting salts to be the main driving factor in the electrolyte degradation.
pH regulation in single glomerular mesangial cells. I. Acid extrusion in absence and presence of HCO3- (1988)

We have developed a technique to measure the fluorescence of a pH-sensitive dye (2,7-biscarboxyethyl-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein) in single glomerular mesangial cells in culture. The intracellular fluorescence excitation ratio of the dye was calibrated using the nigericin-high-K+ approach. In the absence of CO2-HCO3-, mesangial cells that are acid loaded by an NH+4 prepulse exhibit a spontaneous intracellular pH (pHi) recovery that is blocked either by ethylisopropylamiloride (EIPA) or removal of external Na+. This pHi recovery most probably reflects the activity of a Na+-H+ exchanger. When the cells are switched from a N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES)-buffered solution to one containing CO2-HCO3-, there is an abrupt acidification due to CO2 entry, which is followed by a spontaneous recovery of pHi to a steady-state value higher than that prevailing in HEPES. Both the rate of recovery and the higher steady-state pHi imply that the application of CO2-HCO3- introduces an increase in net acid extrusion from the cell. One third of total net acid extrusion in CO2-HCO3- is EIPA sensitive and most likely is mediated by the Na+-H+ exchanger. The remaining two thirds of acid extrusion could be caused by a decrease in the background acid-loading rate and/or the introduction of a new, HCO3- -dependent acid-extrusion mechanism. The HCO3- -induced alkalinization cannot be accounted for by a HCO3- -induced reduction in the acid-loading rate. The latter can be estimated by applying EIPA in the absence of HCO3- and observing the rate of pHi decline. We found that this acid-loading rate is only about one fifth as great as the total net acid extrusion rate in the presence of HCO3-. Indeed, two thirds of net acid extrusion in HCO3- is blocked by 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (SITS), an inhibitor of HCO3- -dependent transport. Furthermore, the effects of EIPA and SITS were additive. Thus, in the presence of CO2-HCO3-, a SITS-sensitive-HCO3- -dependent transporter is the dominant mechanism of acid extrusion. This mechanism also accounts for the increase in steady-state pHi on addition of CO2-HCO3-.
Communication-theoretic analysis of capture-based networks (2012)

Under the power-based capture model, a transmission is successfully received at the destination, even in the presence of other transmissions and background noise, if the received signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio exceeds a capture threshold. We evaluate the spectral efficiency of simple multi-user channels by combining the basic capture model with a communication-theoretic model. The result is a more refined capture model that incorporates key system design parameters (such as achievable bit rate, target bit error rate, channel bandwidth, and modulation signal constellations) that are absent from the basic capture model. The relationships among these parameters can serve as a tool for optimizing the network performance.
Laktacja. Tom 1 (2022)

&#8222;Laktacja tom 1. Kompendium dla praktyków&#8221; w ciekawy i zwięzły sposób omawia tematy związane z karmieniem naturalnym. W 64. rozdziałach autorzy zawarli istotne i jasne wskazówki przydatne w codziennej praktyce zawodowej lekarzy, pielęgniarek i położnych. Oprócz zagadnień podstawowych takich jak przystawianie dziecka do piersi, karmienie w pierwszym tygodniu życia, odciąganie pokarmu, czytelnicy znajdą w książce specjalistyczne sytuacje kliniczne &#8211; choroby zakaźne a karmienie piersią, karmienie noworodków urodzonych przedwcześnie, żółtaczka związana z karmieniem piersią, zapobieganie krzywicy u dziecka karmionego piersią, karmienie piersią dziecka z chorobą metaboliczną, wrodzoną wadą serca, czy obniżonym napięciem mięśniowym; chłonkotok wrodzony, noworodek z rozszczepem wargi i podniebienia, zasady doboru leków dla kobiety karmiącej. Autorzy zwrócili również uwagę na ważne tematy społeczne takie jak depresja a karmienie piersią, otyłość czy używki matki oraz dyskusyjny temat karmienia piersią w miejscach publicznych. W kompendium opisano również inicjatywę &#8222;Szpital Przyjazny Dziecku&#8221; (WHO, KUKP). Książka jest skierowana do specjalistów pracujących na co dzień z kobietą w okresie ciąży i karmienia piersią, a także osób zajmujących się żywieniem człowieka &#8211; przede wszystkim niemowlęcia. Patronat merytoryczny: Centrum Medyczne Kształcenia Podyplomowego (CMKP), Komitet Upowszechniania Karmienia Piersią (KUKP). <UL> <LI><a href = "https://images.iformat.pl/CCA3EE59EB/F07A777E-5256-4BE1-9427-5E78F5612B8F.epub" download="fragment">Fragment (epub)</a></LI> <LI><a href = "https://images.iformat.pl/CCA3EE59EB/AA757E48-5C69-4BBD-A58A-ED50266829C2.mobi" download="fragment">Fragment (mobi)</a></LI> </UL>
Multi-arm Ultra-Low Noise Er:fiber Frequency Comb Comparison (2017)

We have performed a multi-arm Er:fiber-based frequency comb comparison. The optical beat frequencies are simultaneously realized over 90 THz (from 192 to 282 THz) showing an integrated phase noise below 55 mrad (1 Hz-1 MHz) and an overlapping ADEV of 5×10−17 at 1 s, averaging below 1×10−18 at 100 s (PI-mode).
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMICAL REARRANGEMENTS. 57. DEPENDENCE OF THE (2Π + 2Σ)‐PHOTOCYCLOADDITION ON GEOMETRY (1977)

Abstract Mit Hilfe der Photoelektronenspektren werden für das Pentacyclotridecen (I) und das Tetracyclodecen (III) die β‐Werte mit ‐O,37 eV bzw. ‐O,1 eV bestimmt und mit photochemischen Verhalten korreliert.
Abstract 339: A Novel Continuous Heart Rate Variability Based Analytic to Predict Clinical Hemodynamic Instability Requiring Intervention (2018)

Background: Sudden in-hospital hemodynamic instability (HI) due to cardiovascular and/or cardiorespiratory distress is a common occurrence. Causes can include hemorrhage, sepsis, pneumonia, heart failure, and others. Due to the body’s compensatory mechanisms, heart and respiratory rate, and blood pressure can be late indicators of HI. When detected late or left unrecognized HI can lead to complications and even death. Heart rate variability (HRV) has been demonstrated to reflect the status of the autonomic nervous system with changes in HRV linked to HI. However, to date, HRV has not demonstrated sufficient accuracies in adults to warrant widespread adoption. We have developed a novel nonlinear single lead ECG HRV analytic based on signal processing and machine learning features specific to HI physiology. Objective: Validate the capability, accuracy, and lead times of the HRV analytic to predict HI in hospitalized patients who were subjects of Rapid Response Team (RRT) activations. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 4483 hours of ECG data from 22 RRT patient cases (16 male, 6 female) using the previously developed HRV analytic. A multi-clinician review adjudicated the occurrence of HI and need for intervention. The prediction lead time prior to the RRT call was calculated for these cases. Results: Of the 22 RRT cases, 13 calls were due to HI requiring a range of life-saving interventions, and 9 RRT cases for reasons not associated with HI and requiring no life-saving interventions. The analytic correctly distinguished between HI vs. non-HI RRT calls with 100% accuracy thus displaying 100% positive and negative predictive values. In the HI cases, the analytic detected HI with a median lead time of 7.7 hours prior to the RRT call with a range of 14 minutes to 38.4 hours. Conclusion: In this RRT cohort, a novel HRV analytic developed through machine learning based on HI physiology demonstrated its potential to forecast HI well before vital signs and other factors led to RRT activation resulting in life-saving interventions. These substantial lead times, as well as the ability to distinguish HI from non-HI RRT calls, may lead to the ability to reduce HI and improve outcomes while reducing unnecessary RRT activations.
Generation of interconnected vesicles in a liposomal cell model (2020)

We introduce an experimental method based upon a glass micropipette microinjection technique for generating a multitude of interconnected vesicles (IVs) in the interior of a single giant unilamellar phospholipid vesicle (GUV) serving as a cell model system. The GUV membrane, consisting of a mixture of soybean polar lipid extract and anionic phosphatidylserine, is adhered to a multilamellar lipid vesicle that functions as a lipid reservoir. Continuous IV formation was achieved by bringing a micropipette in direct contact with the outer GUV surface and subjecting it to a localized stream of a Ca<sup>2+</sup> solution from the micropipette tip. IVs are rapidly and sequentially generated and inserted into the GUV interior and encapsulate portions of the micropipette fluid content. The IVs remain connected to the GUV membrane and are interlinked by short lipid nanotubes and resemble beads on a string. The vesicle chain-growth from the GUV membrane is maintained for as long as there is the supply of membrane material and Ca<sup>2+</sup> solution, and the size of the individual IVs is controlled by the diameter of the micropipette tip. We also demonstrate that the IVs can be co-loaded with high concentrations of neurotransmitter and protein molecules and displaying a steep calcium ion concentration gradient across the membrane. These characteristics are analogous to native secretory vesicles and could, therefore, serve as a model system for studying secretory mechanisms in biological systems.
NF-κB pathway controls mitochondrial dynamics (2015)

The Optic atrophy 1 protein (OPA1) is a key element in the dynamics and morphology of mitochondria. We demonstrated that the absence of IκB kinase-α, which is a key element of the nonclassical NF-κB pathway, has an impact on the mitochondrial network morphology and OPA1 expression. In contrast, the absence of NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) or IκB kinase-β, both of which are essential for the canonical NF-κB pathway, has no impact on mitochondrial dynamics. Whereas Parkin has been reported to positively regulate the expression of OPA1 through NEMO, herein we found that PARK2 overexpression did not modify the expression of OPA1. PARK2 expression reduced the levels of Bax, and it prevented stress-induced cell death only in Bak-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. Collectively, our results point out a role of the nonclassical NF-κB pathway in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and OPA1 expression.
A novel acylative ring cleavage of benzothieno[3,2-b]pyran-4-ols: application to the synthesis of dibenzothiophenes and fused-ring derivatives (1999)

The benzothienopyranols 3, readily available from the ketone 1, are transformed to the carbamates 5 on treatment with N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl chloride, subsequent thermal electrocyclisation provides access to dibenzothiophene derivatives 6 and 11–13.
Interconvertible Living Radical and Cationic Polymerization through Reversible Activation of Dormant Species with Dual Activity (2014)

The polymerization of vinyl monomers generally requires the selection of an appropriate single intermediate, whereas in copolymerization, the selection of the comonomer is limited by the intermediate. Herein, we propose interconvertible dual active species that can connect comonomers through different mechanisms to produce specific comonomer sequences in a single polymer chain. More specifically, two different stimuli, that is, a radical initiator and a Lewis acid, are used to activate the common dormant C-SC(S)Z group into radical and cationic species, thereby inducing interconvertible radical and cationic copolymerization of acrylate and vinyl ether to produce a copolymer chain that consists of radically and cationically polymerized segments. The dual reversible activation provides control over molecular weights and multiblock copolymers with tunable segment lengths.
Search for a correlation between giant radio pulses and hard X-ray emissions in the Crab pulsar (2013)

We present the results of the search for a correlation between giant radio pulses (GRPs) at 1.4 GHz and hard X-rays at 15-75 keV from the Crab pulsar. We made simultaneous ground and satellite observations of the Crab pulsar over 12 hours in three occasions in April 2010, March and September 2011, and got a sample of 1.3*10^4 main-pulse phase GRPs. From these samples we have found statistically marginal enhancement (21.5%, 2.70 sigma) of hard X-ray flux within +/- 1.5 degree phase angle of the synchronous peak of main-pulse phase GRPs. This enhancement, if confirmed, implicates that GRPs may accompany plasma density increases in the pulsar magnetosphere.