gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anomalously weak antenna ratio dependence of plasma process-induced damage (2002)

Conventional antenna charging theory predicts that the net current drawn from a plasma glow discharge is proportional to the charge collecting area of the antenna. However, by correlating straightforward oxide breakdown statistics with typical yield data of antenna testers, we reveal a much weaker than proportional Antenna Ratio (AR) dependence. We observe this anomalous dependence both in our own as well as in yield data published by others. The data are originating from various process modules and plasma sources, from technologies with gate oxide thickness ranging from 8 nm down to 2.8 nm. The less than proportional AR dependence implies that extrapolation of large AR test structure results to predict small AR circuit behavior is not as straight-forward as previously thought.
Precision Mental Health (2021)

Precision psychiatry is an emerging integrative approach that unifies the scientific foundation of the discipline and recent technological advances, directing them at narrowing the gap between discovery and clinical translation. Although depression in particular exerts a staggering toll, an understanding of which disease processes underlie the heterogeneity of depression as it is experienced by each person is lacking. While many effective treatments are available for depression, finding the right treatment for the right patient at the right time remains largely a matter of trial-and-error. Furthermore, the DSM provides a system for clinicians and researchers to communicate reliably about observed diagnostic signs and symptoms, yet a taxonomy does not exist for diagnosis and for guiding treatment choices that is based in an understanding of underlying pathophysiology. Thus, there is an urgent clinical need for an innovative approach. Functional imaging of large-scale neural circuits is one approach to developing a mechanistic taxonomy. Retrospective studies show that understanding disruptions to brain circuits markedly improves our ability to determine which patients are likely to benefit from which interventions. In this chapter, the authors present a model for precision psychiatry and why it is urgently needed at this time. Their primary focus is on the organ of dysfunction in psychiatry—the brain. They complement this approach with consideration of two blood-based markers, including inflammatory markers and pharmacogenetics. They review emerging findings that form the foundations of precise classification and initial results for precise treatment planning using these tools. They conclude by highlighting necessary steps to accelerate precision psychiatry from vision to reality.
A Community Standard Format for the Representation of Protein Affinity Reagents (2009)

Protein affinity reagents (PARs), most commonly antibodies, are essential reagents for protein characterization in basic research, biotechnology, and diagnostics as well as the fastest growing class of therapeutics. Large numbers of PARs are available commercially; however, their quality is often uncertain. In addition, currently available PARs cover only a fraction of the human proteome, and their cost is prohibitive for proteome scale applications. This situation has triggered several initiatives involving large scale generation and validation of antibodies, for example the Swedish Human Protein Atlas and the German Antibody Factory. Antibodies targeting specific subproteomes are being pursued by members of Human Proteome Organisation (plasma and liver proteome projects) and the United States National Cancer Institute (cancer-associated antigens). ProteomeBinders, a European consortium, aims to set up a resource of consistently quality-controlled protein-binding reagents for the whole human proteome. An ultimate PAR database resource would allow consumers to visit one on-line warehouse and find all available affinity reagents from different providers together with documentation that facilitates easy comparison of their cost and quality. However, in contrast to, for example, nucleotide databases among which data are synchronized between the major data providers, current PAR producers, quality control centers, and commercial companies all use incompatible formats, hindering data exchange. Here we propose Proteomics Standards Initiative (PSI)-PAR as a global community standard format for the representation and exchange of protein affinity reagent data. The PSI-PAR format is maintained by the Human Proteome Organisation PSI and was developed within the context of ProteomeBinders by building on a mature proteomics standard format, PSI-molecular interaction, which is a widely accepted and established community standard for molecular interaction data. Further information and documentation are available on the PSI-PAR web site.
Pulmonary vascular impedance in chronic pulmonary hypertension. (1974)

Abstract : Results suggest that in pulmonary hypertension there are significant changes in the pulmonary vascular input impedance and that these changes are compatable with a more proximal major reflecting site indicative of the obstruction of small pulmonary arteries by emboli or arteriolar narrowing. There is also evidence of increased stiffness of the proximal pulmonary artery probably as the result of the increased distending pressure. This decrease in pulmonary artery compliance has significant consequences to the heart as a significant increase in hydraulic power is associated with pulsatile flow in pulmonary hypertension. These results do not confirm the relationship of decreased pulmonary artery compliance to a histologic alteration in the vessel wall since the changes demonstrated can be explained by distension alone. (Modified author abstract)
Dielectric Properties of Continuous Composition Spreaded BaTiO3-SrTiO3 Thin Films Prepared by Off-Axis RF Magnetron Sputtering System (2010)

The dielectric properties of continuous composition spreaded (CCS) BaTiO3-SrTiO3 (BST) thin filmsgrown at room temperature and annealed at different temperature (350 ℃ and 550 ℃) were investigated. Moreover, electrical properties (leakage current and breakdown voltage) of CCS BST thin films were also investigated. The aluminum top-electrode, sized by 200 ×200 pm2 and apart from each other by 300pm, were deposited on the CCS BST thin films by the DC sputtering system. The dielectric properties of the CCS BST thin films were significantly influenced depending on the distance from BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 targets which was attributed to the BaTiO3-SrTiO3 composition ratio. The maps of dielectric constants and loss tangents were plotted via 1500pm - step measuring. The specific points showing the dielectric constant (k: ~300) and loss tangent (tand: ~0.008) at 1 MHz were found.
Brain allopregnanolone is involved in itch-associated scratching in atopic dermatitis mice (2018)

[Background] Itch (or pruritus) is an unpleasant sensation that evokes a desire or reflex to scratch. Although over the last decade remarkable progress has been made in understanding neuronal molecular mechanisms of itch in the periphery and spinal cord, there are few studies on itch in the supraspinal central nervous system. Allopregnanolone (ALLO) is one of neurosteroids produced in the brain, but little is known about the relationship between ALLO and itch. We previously reported a unique, diet-induced mouse model for atopic dermatitis, the most common pruritic chronic skin disease (Fujii et al., Exp. Dermatol., 14, 460-468, 2005). In this model, administration of ethanol markedly aggravated itch-associated scratching, as in human atopic dermatitis (Fujii et al., Eur. J. Pharmacol., 611, 92-99, 2009). Therefore, we hypothesized that ALLO, which has similar actions to ethanol, is involved in itch-associated scratching in atopic mice.
Similarities and differences between one-sided and two-sided linear prediction (2002)

Provides a comparison between one-sided linear prediction (OSP) and two-sided linear prediction (TSP) with respect to prediction error, relationships to AR modeling and to two-sided AR modeling, and the application to time series interpolation, linear-phase filter design, and spectral estimation. New contributions of the paper include: (1) proof that TSP produces smaller, non-white residuals than OSP, extending previous results; (2) specification of the frequency-domain error criterion minimized by TSP, and comparison with the analogous OSP criterion; (3) demonstration that TSP and two-sided AR modeling are different problems, unlike OSP; (4) interpretation of performance of TSP interference-rejection filters.
Antiangiogenic Agents: Studies on Fumagillin and Curcumin Analogs (2005)

Cancer is a general term used to describe many disease states, each of which are characterized by abnormal cell proliferation. The causes which bring about this abnormal cellular behavior are specific to each type of cancer. The success of tumor-targeted therapy is limited by this diversity. One common denominator for all types of cancer is the requirement of a suitable blood supply. Therefore, tumor vasculature has emerged as a potential target for therapeutic intervention. New blood vessel growth from preexisting vasculature stimulated by biochemical signals is termed angiogenesis. Tumor masses require a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients, and a means of efficient waste removal to ensure sustained development. Diffusion from nearby capillaries can supply adequate nutrition for tumors less than 2 mm in size, but for continued growth the tumors must develop their own blood supply. Alteration of the delicate balance of angiogenic stimulating factors and angiogenic inhibitors results in the phenotypic change from quiescence to active endothelial proliferation. To date, this angiogenic switch is not completely understood. The goal of antiangiogenic therapy is to interfere with these mechanisms and prevent tumor cells from developing a viable blood supply. Fumagillin is a naturally occurring antifungal agent. Curcumin is a natural product isolated from the spice turmeric. Both compounds have been shown to have antiangiogenic properties in vitro and in vivo. This paper describes efforts to design and prepare fumagillin and curcumin analogs and evaluate their corresponding antiangiogenic activities.
Two-Hit Filter Synthesis for Genomic Database Search (2016)

Advancements in genomic sequencing technology is causing genomic database growth to outpace Moore's Law. This continues to make genomic database search a difficult problem and a popular target for emerging processing technologies. The de facto software tool for genomic database search is NCBI BLAST, which operates by transforming each database query into a filter that is subsequently applied to the database. This requires a database scan for every query, fundamentally limiting its performance by I/O bandwidth. In this paper we present a functionally-equivalent variation on the NCBI BLAST algorithm that maps more suitably to an FPGA implementation. This variation of the algorithm attempts to reduce the I/O requirement by leveraging FPGA-specific capabilities, such as high pattern matching throughput and explicit on chip memory structure and allocation. Our algorithm transforms the database -- not the query -- into a filter that is stored as a hierarchical arrangement of three tables, the first two of which are stored on chip and the third off chip. Our results show that -- while performance is data dependent -- it is possible to achieve speedups of up to 8X based on the relative reduction in I/O of our approach versus that of NCBI BLAST. More importantly, the performance relative to NCBI BLAST improves with larger databases and query workload sizes.
A critical assessment of the nature, scope and adequacy of the Taliban and Al Qaeda sanctions regime(s) established by the United Nations Security Council (2012)

Alongside the development of methods of terrorism, society has developed ways of fighting it. This dissertation addresses modern forms of countering terrorism in the sense of sanctions regime(s) established by the United Nations Security Council. It is therefore primarily intended for people who already have some knowledge in this area and wish to explore this field further. This work is divided into three main sections. While relying largely, but not exclusively, on the Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States and Steve Coll’s Ghost wars, the first section describes the circumstances under which the Taliban and al Qaeda formed and evolved. It also focuses on the motivations of the United Nations Security Council to impose targeted sanctions under Resolution 1267 (1999). Grasping the historical background is necessary for understanding the next section, which examines the core of the sanctions regime, particularly its general idea, structure and processes that allow it to achieve its designated goals. Based on research findings and a wide range of relevant materials, the concluding section assesses the effectiveness of the sanctions regime as well as providing a view towards future challenges and prospects.
Design Aspects of Multi-Soliton Pulses for Optical Fiber Transmission (2017)

We explain how to optimize the nonlinear spectrum of multi-soliton pulses by considering the practical constraints of transmitter, receiver, and lumped-amplified link. The optimization is applied for the experimental transmission of 2ns soliton pulses with independent on-off keying of 10 eigenvalues over 2000 km of NZ-DSF fiber spans.
Urban Mosaic (2020)

Urban planning is increasingly data driven, yet the challenge of designing with data at a city scale and remaining sensitive to the impact at a human scale is as important today as it was for Jane Jacobs. We address this challenge with Urban Mosaic,a tool for exploring the urban fabric through a spatially and temporally dense data set of 7.7 million street-level images from New York City, captured over the period of a year. Working in collaboration with professional practitioners, we use Urban Mosaic to investigate questions of accessibility and mobility, and preservation and retrofitting. In doing so, we demonstrate how tools such as this might provide a bridge between the city and the street, by supporting activities such as visual comparison of geographically distant neighborhoods,and temporal analysis of unfolding urban development.
Measuring the precise area of peripheral retinal non-perfusion using ultra-widefield imaging and its correlation with the ischaemic index (2015)

Using stereographic projection software, lesion areas on UWF images can be calculated in anatomically correct physical units (mm(2)). Eyes with RVO show large areas of peripheral retinal non-perfusion.
GaP waveguide emitters for high power broadband THz generation pumped by Yb-doped fiber lasers (2007)

We demonstrate the generation of broadband THz pulses by optical rectification in GaP waveguides pumped by high power Yb-doped fiber amplifiers. The dispersion of the GaP emitter can be controlled via the geometry of the waveguide; the peak frequency of the emitted THz radiation is tuned by varying the waveguide cross-section. Most importantly, the use of a waveguide for the THz emission increases the coherent buildup length of the THz pulses and offers scalability to higher power; this was investigated by pumping a GaP waveguide emitter with a high power Yb-doped fiber laser system. A 25-MHz-repetition-rate pulse train of THz radiation with 120 muW average power was achieved using 14 W optical power, which represents the highest average power for a broadband THz source pumped by fiber lasers to date.
Modulation of RAGE and the Downstream Targets of RAGE Signaling Cascades by Taurine in Lycium Barbarum (Goji Berry): Protection of Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Barrier Function and its Potential Benefit in Diabetic Retinopathy (2011)

Background: Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) barrier disruption is an early event in diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, the biochemical details of its pathophysiology and treatment options are unclear. Taurine is reported to be beneficial in DR and is abundant in the fruit of Lycium barbarum (Goji Berry, LB). Hence, we have investigated the effect of taurine pure compound and an extract of LB extract rich in taurine on a model of DR, the ARPE-19 cell line treated with high glucose, and whether their effects on RPE barrier disruption by glucose may contribute to protection against DR.
Projection displays in avionics (2010)

Avionics represents a specialized area of display applications. A possible future development in this field is a single display cockpit environment with touch input capabilities. Such a seamless, tiled cockpit display based on several short throw wide angle projectors is being developed in the European Project ODICIS. The current results are discussed in this contribution.
RFLP for Duchenne muscular dystrophy cDNA clone 30-2 (1988)

SOURCE AND DESCRIPTION: 30-2 is one of 6 cDNA clones which comprise the cDNA for the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene (kindly supplied by L.M. Kunkel). It is a 1.15kb fragment in the EcoRI site of Bluescribe.
Usefulness of a crista catheter for 3-dimensional electroanatomical mapping of complex right atrial tachyarrhythmias (2015)

A crista catheter is useful for high-density 3-dimensional electroanatomical mapping of complex RA tachyarrhythmias. Comparison of the electrical sequences in the anterior and posterior portions of the RA lateral wall is helpful for differentiating between cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent and atypical atrial flutter.
Identification of a prostate cancer susceptibility locus on chromosome 7q11–21 in Jewish families (2004)

Results from over a dozen prostate cancer susceptibility genome-wide scans, encompassing some 1,500 hereditary prostate cancer families, indicate that prostate cancer is an extremely heterogeneous disease with multiple loci contributing to overall susceptibility. In an attempt to reduce locus heterogeneity, we performed a genomewide linkage scan for prostate cancer susceptibility genes with 36 Jewish families, which represent a stratification of hereditary prostate cancer families with potentially increased locus homogeneity. The 36 Jewish families represent a combined dataset of 17 Jewish families from the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center-based Prostate Cancer Genetic Research Study dataset and 19 Ashkenazi Jewish families collected at Johns Hopkins University. All available family members, including 94 affected men, were genotyped at markers distributed across the genome with an average interval of <10 centimorgans. Nonparametric multipoint linkage analyses were the primary approach, although parametric analyses were performed as well. Our strongest signal was a significant linkage peak at 7q11-21, with a nonparametric linkage (NPL) score of 3.01 (P = 0.0013). Simulations indicated that this corresponds to a genomewide empirical P = 0.006. All other regions had NPL P values >/=0.02. After genotyping additional markers within the 7q11-21 peak, the NPL score increased to 3.35 (P = 0.0004) at D7S634 with an allele-sharing logarithm of odds of 3.12 (P = 0.00007). These studies highlight the utility of analyzing defined sets of families with a common origin for reducing locus heterogeneity problems associated with studying complex traits.
A Convex Optimization Framework for Constrained Concurrent Motion\n Control of a Hybrid Redundant Surgical System (2018)

We present a constrained motion control framework for a redundant surgical\nsystem designed for minimally invasive treatment of pelvic osteolysis. The\nframework comprises a kinematics model of a six Degrees-of-Freedom (DoF)\nrobotic arm integrated with a one DoF continuum manipulator as well as a novel\nconvex optimization redundancy resolution controller. To resolve the redundancy\nresolution problem, formulated as a constrained l2-regularized quadratic\nminimization, we study and evaluate the potential use of an optimally tuned\nalternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm. To this end, we\nprove global convergence of the algorithm at linear rate and propose\nexpressions for the involved parameters resulting in a fast convergence.\nSimulations on the robotic system verified our analytical derivations and\nshowed the capability and robustness of the ADMM algorithm in constrained\nmotion control of our redundant surgical system.\n
Effects and Costs of Day-Care Services for the Chronically Ill (1980)

Two long-term care settings not now covered by Medicare--adult day care and homemaker services--were studied in a randomized experiment to test the effects on patient outcomes and costs of using these new services. This article reports findings for day care. Patients' physical, psychosocial and health functions were assessed quarterly, and their Medicare bill files were obtained. Medicaid data were obtained on most patients, but few used many Medicaid-covered long-term care services. Multistage analysis was performed to mitigate effects of departures from the randomized design. Day-care patients showed no benefits in physical functioning ability at the end of the study, compared with the control group. Institutionalization in skilled nursing facilities was lower for the experimental group than the control group, but the factors other than the treatment variable appeared to explain most of the variance. There was a possibility that life was extended for some day-care patients. the new services averaged $52 per day or $3,235 per year. When costs for existing Medicare services used were added, the yearly cost of the experimental group was $6,501, compared with $3,809 for the control group--an increase of $2,692 or 71 per cent.
ChemInform Abstract: Neutral and Ionic Organometallic Complexes in Homogeneous Catalysis (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparative Biomechanical Behavior and Healing Profile of a Novel Thinned Wall Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Amorphous Poly- <scp>l</scp> -Lactic Acid Sirolimus-Eluting Bioresorbable Coronary Scaffold (2017)

A new generation thinned wall BRS displayed a more favorable biomechanical behavior and strut healing profile compared with BVS in normal porcine coronary arteries. This novel BRS concept has the potential to improve the clinical outcomes of current generation BRS.