gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Static stability and of symmetric and sigmoid functionally graded beam under variable axial load (2020)

This manuscript presents impacts of gradation of material functions and axial load functions on critical buckling loads and mode shapes of functionally graded (FG) thin and thick beams by using higher order shear deformation theory, for the first time. Volume fractions of metal and ceramic materials are assumed to be distributed through a beam thickness by both sigmoid law and symmetric power functions. Ceramic–metal–ceramic (CMC) and metal–ceramic–metal (MCM) symmetric distributions are proposed relative to mid-plane of the beam structure. The axial compressive load is depicted by constant, linear, and parabolic continuous functions through the axial direction. The equilibrium governing equations are derived by using Hamilton\'s principles. Numerical differential quadrature method (DQM) is developed to discretize the spatial domain and covert the governing variable coefficients differential equations and boundary conditions to system of algebraic equations. Algebraic equations are formed as a generalized matrix eigenvalue problem, that will be solved to get eigenvalues (buckling loads) and eigenvectors (mode shapes). The proposed model is verified with respectable published work. Numerical results depict influences of gradation function, gradation parameter, axial load function, slenderness ratio and boundary conditions on critical buckling loads and mode-shapes of FG beam structure. It is found that gradation types have different effects on the critical buckling. The proposed model can be effective in analysis and design of structure beam element subject to distributed axial compressive load, such as, spacecraft, nuclear structure, and naval structure.
Naloxone reverses reserpine-induced hypokinesia in rats (1981)

Journal Article Naloxone reverses reserpine-induced hypokinesia in rats Get access Kristoffer Hellstrand, Kristoffer Hellstrand Department of Pharmacology, University of Göteborg, Box 33031, S-40033 Göteborg, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mikael Dellborg Mikael Dellborg Department of Pharmacology, University of Göteborg, Box 33031, S-40033 Göteborg, Sweden Department of Pharmacology, University of Göteborg, Box 33031, S-40033 Göteborg, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 33, Issue 1, September 1981, Pages 599–600, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1981.tb13875.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 05 December 1980 Published: 12 April 2011
Developing high cell density fed‐batch cultivation strategies for heterologous protein production in <i>Pichia pastoris</i> using the nitrogen source‐regulated <i>FLD</i>1 Promoter (2005)

A Pichia pastoris strain expressing a Rhizopus oryzae lipase gene under the transcriptional control of the promoter from the P. pastoris formaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 gene (PFLD) was utilized to study the feasibility of this expression system for recombinant protein production using methanol-free fed-batch high cell density cultivations. We have developed a simple and reliable fed-batch strategy using the PFLD system based on the use of methylamine and sorbitol as nitrogen and carbon sources, respectively, for the induction phase. Three different fed-batch fermentations were performed at three different constant growth rates, i.e., at a low growth rate (0.005/h), at an intermediate growth rate of (0.01/h), and at a constant residual sorbitol concentration of 8 g/L, i.e., allowing cells to grow at high (near micro(max)) growth rate (0.02/h). Important differences were observed between the lower and higher growth rate cultivation phases in terms of specific production rate (q(p)) profiles. In all three cases, maximum q(p) were reached soon after the start of the induction phase; after that maximum, an exponential decrease reaching final values close to zero were observed, except for the cells growing at near micro(max). The best results in terms of Y(P/X), productivity and specific productivity were obtained when the microorganism was growing at the highest growth rate. Furthermore, such results were significantly better in relation to those obtained with the PAOX-based system expressing the same protein.
Effect of Thin Film Processing on Cavitand Selectivity (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTEffect of Thin Film Processing on Cavitand SelectivityDevanand K. Shenoy, Elias B. Feresenbet, Roberta Pinalli, and Enrico DalcanaleView Author Information Code 6900, Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, D.C. 20375-5320, and Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università di Parma and INSTM, UdR Parma, Viale delle Scienze 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy Cite this: Langmuir 2003, 19, 24, 10454–10456Publication Date (Web):October 2, 2003Publication History Received19 June 2003Revised26 August 2003Published online2 October 2003Published inissue 1 November 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la0350857https://doi.org/10.1021/la0350857brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Hydrocarbons,Layers,Selectivity,Thickness Get e-Alerts
Artemin, a Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Family Member, Induces TRPM8-Dependent Cold Pain (2013)

Chronic pain associated with injury or disease can result from dysfunction of sensory afferents whereby the threshold for activation of pain-sensing neurons (nociceptors) is lowered. Neurotrophic factors control nociceptor development and survival, but also induce sensitization through activation of their cognate receptors, attributable, in part, to the modulation of ion channel function. Thermal pain is mediated by channels of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family, including the cold and menthol receptor TRPM8. Although it has been shown that TRPM8 is involved in cold hypersensitivity, the molecular mechanisms underlying this pain modality are unknown. Using microarray analyses to identify mouse genes enriched in TRPM8 neurons, we found that the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family receptor GFRα3 is expressed in a subpopulation of TRPM8 sensory neurons that have the neurochemical profile of cold nociceptors. Moreover, we found that artemin, the specific GFRα3 ligand that evokes heat hyperalgesia, robustly sensitized cold responses in a TRPM8-dependent manner in mice. In contrast, GFRα1 and GFRα2 are not coexpressed with TRPM8 and their respective ligands GDNF and neurturin did not induce cold pain, whereas they did evoke heat hyperalgesia. Nerve growth factor induced mild cold sensitization, consistent with TrkA expression in TRPM8 neurons. However, bradykinin failed to alter cold sensitivity even though its receptor expresses in a subset of TRPM8 neurons. These results show for the first time that only select neurotrophic factors induce cold sensitization through TRPM8 in vivo, unlike the broad range of proalgesic agents capable of promoting heat hyperalgesia.
Germanium Nanowire Epitaxy:  Shape and Orientation Control (2006)

Epitaxial growth of nanowires along the 111 directions was obtained on Ge(111), Ge(110), Ge(001), and heteroepitaxial Ge on Si(001) substrates at temperatures of 350 degrees C or less by gold-nanoparticle-catalyzed chemical vapor deposition. On Ge(111), the growth was mostly vertical. In addition to 111 growth, 110 growth was observed on Ge(001) and Ge(110) substrates. Tapering was avoided by the use of the two-temperature growth procedure, reported earlier by Greytak et al.
A naturally occurring mutation near the amino terminus of αIIb defines a new region involved in ligand binding to αIIbβ3 (2000)

Decreased expression of functional IIbβ3 complexes on the platelet surface produces Glanzmann thrombasthenia. We have identified mutations of IIbP145 in 3 ethnically distinct families affected by Glanzmann thrombasthenia. Affected Mennonite and Dutch patients were homozygous and doubly heterozygous, respectively, for a P145A substitution, whereas a Chinese patient was doubly heterozygous for a P145L substitution. The mutations affect expression levels of surface IIbβ3 receptors on their platelets, which was confirmed by co-transfection of IIbP145A and β3 cDNA constructs in COS-1 cells. Each mutation also impaired the ability of IIbβ3 on affected platelets to interact with ligands. Moreover, when IIbP145A and β3 were stably coexpressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, IIbβ3 was readily detected on the cell surface, but the cells were unable to adhere to immobilized fibrinogen or to bind soluble fluorescein isothiocyanate–fibrinogen after IIbβ3 activation by the activating monoclonal antibody PT25-2. Nonetheless, incubating affected platelets with the peptide LSARLAF, which binds to IIb, induced PF4 secretion, indicating that the mutant IIbβ3 retained the ability to mediate outside-in signaling. These studies indicate that mutations involving IIbP145 impair surface expression of IIbβ3 and that the IIbP145A mutation abrogates ligand binding to the activated integrin. A comparative analysis of other IIb mutations with a similar phenotype suggests that these mutations may cluster into a single region on the surface of the IIb and may define a domain influencing ligand binding. (Blood. 2000;95:180188)
Compounds for neutron radiation detectors and systems thereof (2023)

A composition of matter includes an organic molecule having a composition different than stilbene. The organic molecule is embodied as a crystal, and exhibits: an optical response signature for neutrons; an optical response signature for gamma rays, and performance comparable to or superior to stilbene in terms of distinguishing neutrons from gamma rays. The optical response signature for neutrons is different than the optical response signature for gamma rays.
Deep-ultraviolet–microelectromechanical systems stencils for high-throughput resistless patterning of mesoscopic structures (2004)

We describe a combination of 100-mm wafer scale deep-ultraviolet (DUV) exposure and a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) process to fabricate silicon nitride membranes with submicrometer apertures to be used as miniature shadow masks or nanostencils. Apertures down to a lateral resolution of 200 nm were made in a 500-nm-thick membrane by DUV exposure and dry plasma etching. The membranes were released by a combination of wet silicon etching using potassium hydroxide (KOH) and dry silicon etching using a plasma process. The millimeter-size stencils were used for single-step, local deposition of metal micro- and nano-patterns without the need for photoresist process steps. We have performed stencil deposition on full wafer scale for micro- and nano-patterns in a variety of metals (e.g. Al, Au, Ni, etc.). Dry under-etching of the nanowires resulted in free-standing cantilevered nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) structures with resonance frequencies in the megahertz range. The resistless method allows us to pattern micrometer and nanometer scale patterns in a single step without any further processing. It is promising for the surface processing of MEMS/NEMS devices having sensitive or fragile surfaces, such as biochips, organic polymer layers, and self-assembled monolayers.
Synthesis of dimeric and tetrameric macrolactams with cytotoxic activity<sup>1</sup> (2000)

Cyclization of amino acid 14, in turn prepared from 4,4-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one by standard chemistry, yielded the dimeric and tetrameric macrolactams 15 and 16, respectively, representing the first examples of "taxoid-like" compounds with heterocyclic B rings. Compounds 15 and 16 exhibited moderate antiproliferative activity in an in vitro cytotoxicity assay. Consequently, an orthogonally diprotected, dimeric macrolactam 19 was synthesized and, after selective deprotection of the hydroxy group, was coupled with the docetaxel side chain to give the final compound 2, showing three-dimensional shape similarity to paclitaxel. Contrary to our expectations, 2 proved to be as active as the parent compound 15. The structure of 15 has been confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis and is also reported.Key words: macrolactams, macrocyclic compounds, taxane analogs, cytotoxic activity.
Simultaneous Phase Unwrapping and Removal of Chemical Shift (SPURS) Using Graph Cuts: Application in Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (2014)

Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a magnetic resonance imaging technique that reveals tissue magnetic susceptibility. It relies on having a high quality field map, typically acquired with a relatively long echo spacing and long final TE. Applications of QSM outside the brain require the removal of fat contributions to the total signal phase. However, current water/fat separation methods applied on typical data acquired for QSM suffer from three issues: inadequacy when using large echo spacing, over-smoothing of the field maps and high computational cost. In this paper, the general phase wrap and chemical shift problem is formulated using a single species fitting and is solved using graph cuts with conditional jump moves. This method is referred as simultaneous phase unwrapping and removal of chemical shift (SPURS). The result from SPURS is then used as the initial guess for a voxel-wise iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetric and least-squares estimation (IDEAL). The estimated 3-D field maps are used to compute QSM in body regions outside of the brain, such as the liver. Experimental results show substantial improvements in field map estimation, water/fat separation and reconstructed QSM compared to two existing water/fat separation methods on 1.5T and 3T magnetic resonance human data with long echo spacing and rapid field map variation.
Template-directed carbon nanotube network using self-organized Si nanocrystals (2005)

We demonstrate a way to direct carbon nanotube growth using Si nanocrystals that are self-ordered via the thermal decomposition of thin silicon-on-insulator substrates. The Si nanocrystals are about 90nm wide and 100–150nm tall, with 200nm spacing. Nanotubes connect the silicon nanocrystals to form a network. Nanotubes selectively appear between tops of the Si nanocrystals. We show that the flow pattern of the carbon feedstock in the chemical vapor deposition growth process is disturbed by the geometric effect of the Si nanocrystals, providing a mechanism for growth between the tops of the Si nanocrystals.
Biotinylated and enzyme-immobilized carrier prepared by hetero-bifunctional latex beadsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: experimental details for the preparation of hetero-bifunctional latex beads, biotinylation of latex beads, immobilization of PK, and the labelings of biotin and the immobilized PK side with colloidal gold. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b3/b313611f/ (2004)

Biotinylated and pyruvate kinase immobilized nano-bio element have been prepared using hetero-bifunctional latex beads, where the enzyme activity is roughly half of the free enzyme.
Pharmacometric Analysis of the Effect of Furosemide on Suramin Pharmacokinetics (1997)

Coadministration of furosemide with suramin can cause an increase in suramin concentrations; however, due to suramin's long half-life, its rate of accumulation is very slow. Nonetheless, in individuals receiving suramin by nonadaptive control, appropriate precautions should be taken when prolonged furosemide therapy is begun.
&lt;title&gt;Compression of high-resolution images with visually transparent techniques&lt;/title&gt; (1994)

Encoding of images with requirements of high visual quality and post-processing capability requires new approaches to the coding problem. These requirements prohibit the introduction of noticeable degradation and structured artifacts by the coding process. A variable block size coding approach using a spatial structure criteria for segmentation has been found to yield high compression ratios, particularly for images with detail concentrated in limited regions. However, block based techniques, such as transforms, vector quantization (VQ) or a combination of transforms and VQ, by their very nature tend to introduce unacceptable blocking artifacts. In this paper, a modified variable block size approach tailored to yield high quality and no structured artifacts is developed. The technique is used in a two-source coding scheme and in a multi-source scheme i.e., coding of the Laplacian pyramid decomposition. Results of simulations on standard 512 X 512 monochrome images are obtained and compared with those obtained by the baseline JPEG standard and current literature. Results of simulations on 1024 X 1024 digital x rays are also obtained. The proposed two-source scheme is found to yield good compression ratios, high quality and impressive post-processing capability.
Neoadjuvant therapy <i>versus</i> direct to surgery for T4 colon cancer: meta-analysis (2021)

Compared with direct to surgery, neoadjuvant therapy improves margin-negative resection rates and overall survival.
Passive immunization with hyperimmune egg-yolk IgY as prophylaxis and therapy for poultry diseases – A review (2015)

Passive immunization with pathogen-specific egg yolk antibodies (IgY) is emerging as a potential alternative to antibiotics for the treatment and prevention of various human and animal diseases. Laying hens are an excellent source of high-quality polyclonal antibodies, which can be collected noninvasively from egg yolks. The use of IgY offers several advantages in that it is environmentally friendly, nontoxic, and reduces the numbers of animals required for antibody production. This paper reviews the use of IgY antibodies in the treatment and prevention of enteric pathogen infections in poultry. Brief descriptions of the production, structure, and properties of IgY are also presented. Some limitations of the technology and future perspectives are discussed.
Tetrabutylammonium Salts of 2-Nitropropane, Cyclopentadiene and 9-Ethylfluorene: Crystal Structures and Use in Anionic Polymerization (1995)

Reaction of the CH-acidic compounds 2-nitropropane, cyclopentadiene and 9-ethylfluorene with HON (nBu) 4 affords the corresponding tetrabutylammonium salts in crystalline form, which have been characterized by X -ray structure analysis. The nitrostabilized salt is not a “naked ” anion (real carbanion). Rather, the α-methylene entities of the N + (nBu) 4 cations form relatively strong hydrogen bonds with the O -atom s of the nitronateanion, forming dimers in a three-dimensional network. In solution dimers in the form of supramolecular ion pairs exist. In contrast, the cyclopentadienyl anion appears to be a real carbanion, since anion and cation do not interact with one another via H -bonding. The structure of the N + (nBu) 4 salt of the 9-ethylfluorenyl anion is a special case in that closer contacts between cation and anion occur, which may be indicative of unusual [CH ··· C] - bonding. All three salts function as initiators in the metal-free anionic polymerization of acrylates and methacrylates at room temperature. In the case of tetrabutylammoniumcyclopentadienide, star polymers are formed.
Green Oxidation of Carbon Black by Dry Ball Milling (2022)

A sustainable and green method is presented in this paper to produce highly oxidized carbon black using dry ball milling. The mechanical energy by colliding milling balls is able to easily break and build chemical bonds providing new oxygenated functional groups. The reaction is performed in the presence of air and in solvent-free conditions achieving, for the first time, a high degree of functionalization comparable to that obtained under harsh conventional conditions. With different milling times, it is possible to control the degree of oxidation. The procedure is environmentally friendly, respecting important green metrics, no solvent or additional reagent is required, and the product can be collected without any assistance from a solvent.
Rational Design of Potentiometric Trace Level Ion Sensors. A Ag<sup>+</sup>-Selective Electrode with a 100 ppt Detection Limit (2002)

Submicromolar to picomolar lower detection limits have recently been obtained with various polymer membrane ion-selective electrodes by minimizing biases due to ion fluxes through the membrane. For the best performance, the compositions of the membrane and inner solution should be optimized for each application. Given the number of parameters to be adjusted, it has been difficult to find the best parameters for a target sample. In this paper, a much simplified and more practical steady-state model of zero-current ion fluxes is derived, which is based on measurable parameters. The model allows one to predict achievable lower detection limits for a membrane with given selectivities. It can also be used to predict the optimal composition of the inner filling solution for the measurement of samples with a known, typical ionic background. Selectivity coefficients of monovalent and divalent analyte ions required for desired detection limits in drinking water are calculated. As an application of the proposed general recipe, a silver-selective electrode is developed on the basis of the ionophore O,O''-bis[2-(methylthio)ethyl]-tert-butylcalix[4]arene. With the predicted optimal composition of the inner electrolyte, its lower detection limit is found to be 10(-9) M or 100 ppt Ag+ with an ionic background of 10(-5) M LiNO3, which is very close to the expected value.