gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vertical Magnetic Field Applied LEC Apparatus for Large Diameter GaAs Single Crystal Growth (1984)

A new vertical magnetic field applied LEC apparatus has been developed for volume production of large size GaAs single crystals. The apparatus consists of a superconducting magnet with compact refrigerator systems and an in-house modified high pressure puller. Temperature fluctuation through the molten GaAs was suppressed to less than 0.3°C by the application of more than 1000 Oe. The vertical magnetic field effects on GaAs melt are described in comparison with the results of a transverse magnetic field.
Broadband optoacoustic system for noninvasive measurement of total blood hemoglobin concentration in radial artery (2007)

There is a pressing need for noninvasive methods for continuous monitoring of total hemoglobin concentration ([THb]) in blood. We proposed to use an optoacoustic technique for noninvasive [THb] measurement by probing of arteries or veins. In our previous work we demonstrated that our optoacoustic system is capable of detecting signals from the radial artery with high resolution, contrast, and signal-to-noise ratio. In clinical studies, we confirmed the ability of our system to monitor [THb] changes continuously, noninvasively, and in real time. However, absolute measurements of [THb] with high accuracy must account for blood vessel diameter. We designed and built a new broadband optoacoustic transducer that detected both the anterior and posterior (back) walls of blood vessels with high resolution. The optoacoustic signals from our radial artery phantom (silicon tube with a diameter of 1.6 mm filled with arterial sheep blood and immersed in 0.625% Intralipid solution) contained a distinct peak from the back wall of the tube. The characteristic parameters derived from the signals (the amplitude and the derivative of the normalized signal near the back wall) proved to be linearly dependent on [THb] in the physiological range. We also tested our modified system in vivo in radial arteries of healthy volunteers. The posterior walls of the arteries were well resolved, permitting accurate measurement of vessel diameter. The characteristic parameters of the signals were compared to those of signals from blood obtained for close tube diameter and various THb concentrations. The [THb] values derived from the in vivo measured optoacoustic signals were close to invasively measured ones.
Shear lag solution for structurally attached active sensors (2010)

Piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) have been used as actuators in structural health monitoring system of beams, plates, and truss elements. This paper presents a shear lag solution for the transfer of stress and strain between a structurally attached piezoelectric wafer active sensor and the support structure. We will derive a shear lag solution not limited to the low frequency approximation, i.e., a generic solution. Both the low frequency approximation and the generic solution will be applied to the computation of PWAS-structure tuning curves.
Nucleotide sequences of the 2-oxoacid ferredoxin oxidoreductase and ferredoxin genes from<i>Frankia</i>strain EuIK1, a symbiont of<i>Elaeagnus umbellata</i>root nodules (1999)

A genomic clone, pEuNIFII, was isolated by screening a genomic library of Frankia strain EuIK1, a symbiont of Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. root nodules. A 1.5-kb fragment of pEuNIF4.0, which contained ORF2 and N-terminal part of nifS, was used as a probe. A 7.2-kb BamHI fragment of pEuNIFII, which was proven to be adjacent to the probe, was subjected to sequence determination. The sequence analysis suggested one partial ORF followed by three open reading frames (ORFs). Two ORFs next to nifS encodes an a subunit (672 amino acids) and b subunit (347 amino acids) of a 2-oxoacid ferredoxin oxidoreducatase (OR), respectively. The third ORF encodes 114 amino acids of a 7Fe-type ferredoxin (Fdx). All ORFs are transcribed in the same direction as other nif genes. Alignment of the deduced amino acid sequences from frankiae OR revealed the motifs of gamma and alpha domains seen in other ORs in the a subunit, and the beta domain in the b subunit. Frankia or shows about 44% nucleotide sequence similarity with nifJ from Klebsiella pneumoniae, while frankiae fdx shows about 56% similarity with fdxI from Azotobacter vinelandii. These genes are reported for the first time in Frankia, and putative roles of their products in symbiosis is discussed in relation to nitrogen fixation and carbohydrate metabolism.Key words: 2-oxoacid ferredoxin oxidoreductase, ferredoxin, nucleotide sequence, Frankia EuIK1.
Investigating Structural Requirements for the Antiproliferative Activity of Biphenyl Nicotinamides (2017)

A number of trimethoxybenzoic acid anilides, previously studied as permeability glycoprotein (P-gp) modulators, were screened with the aim of identifying new anticancer agents. One of these compounds, which showed antiproliferative activity against resistant MCF-7 cell line, was selected as the hit structure. Replacement of the trimethoxybenzoyl moiety with a nicotinoyl group, in order to overcome solubility issues, led to a new series of N-biphenyl nicotinoyl anilides, among which a nitro derivative, N-(3',5'-difluoro-3-nitro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)nicotinamide (3), displayed antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in the nanomolar range. The search for a bioisostere of the nitro group led to nitrile analogue N-(3-cyano-4'-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)nicotinamide (36), which shows a strong increase in activity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Compound 36 induced a dose-dependent accumulation of G<sub>2</sub> - and M-phase MCF-7 cell populations, and a decrease in S-phase cells. Relative to vinblastine, a well-known potent antimitotic agent, compound 36 also induced G<sub>1</sub> -phase arrest at low doses (20-40 nm), but did not inhibit in vitro tubulin polymerization.
Rat liver phosphofructokinase: use of fluorescence polarization to study aggregation at low protein concentration (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRat liver phosphofructokinase: use of fluorescence polarization to study aggregation at low protein concentrationGregory D. Reinhart and Henry A. LardyCite this: Biochemistry 1980, 19, 7, 1484–1490Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00548a035https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00548a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Live attenuated measles vaccine as a potential multivalent pediatric vaccination vector]. (2005)

Live attenuated RNA viruses make highly efficient vaccines. Among them, measles virus (MV) vaccine has been given to a very large number of children and shown to be highly efficacious and safe. MV vaccine induces a life-long immunity after a single or two low-dose injections. It is easily produced on a large scale in most countries and can be distributed at low cost. Reversion to pathogenicity has never been observed with this vaccine. For all these characteristics, MV vaccine might be a very promising vector to immunize children against both measles and other infectious agents such as HIV or flaviviruses, in the developing world. In this article, we describe recent data demonstrating the capacity of recombinant Schwarz measles virus to express proteins from Human Immunodeficiency or West Nile viruses, and to induce specific immune responses able, in the case of West Nile virus, to protect from an experimental challenge.
Polyhedral-Based Dynamic Loop Pipelining for High-Level Synthesis (2017)

Loop pipelining is one of the most important optimization methods in high-level synthesis (HLS) for increasing loop parallelism. There has been considerable work on improving loop pipelining, which mainly focuses on optimizing static operation scheduling and parallel memory accesses. Nonetheless, when loops contain complex memory dependencies, current techniques cannot generate high performance pipelines. In this paper, we extend the capability of loop pipelining in HLS to handle loops with uncertain dependencies (i.e., parameterized by an undetermined variable) and/or nonuniform dependencies (i.e., varying between loop iterations). Our optimization allows a pipeline to be statically scheduled without the aforementioned memory dependencies, but an associated controller will change the execution speed of loop iterations at runtime. This allows the augmented pipeline to process each loop iteration as fast as possible without violating memory dependencies. We use a parametric polyhedral analysis to generate the control logic for when to safely run all loop iterations in the pipeline and when to break the pipeline execution to resolve memory conflicts. Our techniques have been prototyped in an automated source-to-source code transformation framework, with Xilinx Vivado HLS, a leading HLS tool, as the RTL generation backend. Over a suite of benchmarks, experiments show that our optimization can implement optimized pipelines at almost the same clock speed as without our transformations, running approximately 3.7-10× faster, with a reasonable resource overhead.
Phosphorylation plays positive roles in regulating the inhibitory ability of calpastatin to calpain (2021)

Summary The objective of this study was to determine the regulatory mechanism of phosphorylation of calpastatin on the activity of μ‐calpain. Crude calpastatin extracted from the longissimus lumborum (LL) muscles of three Fat Tail Han Sheep were treated with protein kinase A (PKA) or alkaline phosphatase (AP) to increase or decrease their phosphorylation levels, respectively, and then, both phosphorylated/dephosphorylated solutions were incubated with different amounts of purified μ‐calpain (25, 50, 100 and 150 units). In the AP group, the rate of μ‐calpain degradation was higher than the control and PKA groups. Calpastatin with higher phosphorylation levels presented much higher inhibitory abilities. Five phosphorylation sites from two phosphopeptides were identified. Protein kinase A‐catalysed calpastatin phosphorylation at Ser 649 positively regulates the inhibitory abilities of calpastatin by promoting the interaction between calpastatin and calpain. These results contribute to enrich the regulatory mechanism of μ‐calpain activity during post‐mortem meat tenderisation.
Comparative Analysis of Experimental Methods to Quantify Animal Activity in &lt;em&gt;Caenorhabditis elegans&lt;/em&gt; Models of Mitochondrial Disease (2021)

Caenorhabditis elegans is widely recognized for its central utility as a translational animal model to efficiently interrogate mechanisms and therapies of diverse human diseases. Worms are particularly well-suited for high-throughput genetic and drug screens to gain deeper insight into therapeutic targets and therapies by exploiting their fast development cycle, large brood size, short lifespan, microscopic transparency, low maintenance costs, robust suite of genomic tools, mutant repositories, and experimental methodologies to interrogate both in vivo and ex vivo physiology. Worm locomotor activity represents a particularly relevant phenotype that is frequently impaired in mitochondrial disease, which is highly heterogeneous in causes and manifestations but collectively shares an impaired capacity to produce cellular energy. While a suite of different methodologies may be used to interrogate worm behavior, these vary greatly in experimental costs, complexity, and utility for genomic or drug high-throughput screens. Here, the relative throughput, advantages, and limitations of 16 different activity analysis methodologies were compared that quantify nematode locomotion, thrashing, pharyngeal pumping, and/or chemotaxis in single worms or worm populations of C. elegans at different stages, ages, and experimental durations. Detailed protocols were demonstrated for two semi-automated methods to quantify nematode locomotor activity that represent novel applications of available software tools, namely, ZebraLab (a medium-throughput approach) and WormScan (a high-throughput approach). Data from applying these methods demonstrated similar degrees of reduced animal activity occurred at the L4 larval stage, and progressed in day 1 adults, in mitochondrial complex I disease (gas-1(fc21)) mutant worms relative to wild-type (N2 Bristol) C. elegans. This data validates the utility for these novel applications of using the ZebraLab or WormScan software tools to quantify worm locomotor activity efficiently and objectively, with variable capacity to support high-throughput drug screening on worm behavior in preclinical animal models of mitochondrial disease.
Alumina nanoparticle-assisted enzyme refolding: A versatile methodology for proteins renaturation (2017)

We present a high-yield method for the renaturation of negatively charged enzymes. The approach is based on the use of alumina nanoparticles, which after electrostatic interaction with denatured protein molecules, prevent their aggregation and make the process of refolding controllable. The method, demonstrated by the renaturation of several enzymes, is efficient, rapid, employs a minimal amount of reagents and even can be applied to renature mixture of the denatured enzymes.
Biological and Epidemiological Studies for Radiation Protection (2005)

In this paper, an outline of the biological and epidemiological evidence for radiation protection is presented together with the strengths and limitations of these studies in radiation risk evaluation. Various types of research can provide useful information to complement the risk estimates based on atomic-bomb survivor studies, particularly the effects of low-dose and lowdose rate radiation. Some basic issues in synthesizing scientific information for radiation risk evaluation are also discussed.
Prognosis of Children Undergoing Liver Transplantation: A 30-Year European Study (2022)

PLT has become a highly successful medical treatment that should be considered for all children with end-stage liver disease. The main challenge for further improving the prognosis remains the early postoperative period.
Growth and properties of Cd<sub>3</sub>As<sub>2</sub> films prepared by pulsed-laser evaporation (1985)

Pulsed-laser evaporation has been used to prepare films of Cd 3 As 2 . It is found that the electrical quality of the prepared films improves markedly as the substrate temperature is increased from 295 to 433 K. The films deposited at about 430 K are highly oriented, with electrical characteristics approaching those of the bulk material. Electron mobilities reach values of 6.05 × 10 3 cm 2 /V∙s at 300 K (i.e., comparable to bulk mobilities) and 9 × 10 3 cm 2 /V∙s at 10 K (which is within a factor of two of those for the bulk material). Further increases in the substrate-deposition temperature give rise to films that are arsenic deficient.
Gold-Catalyzed Regioselective Hydration of Propargyl Acetates Assisted by a Neighboring Carbonyl Group: Access to α-Acyloxy Methyl Ketones and Synthesis of (±)-Actinopolymorphol B (2010)

A general atom-economical approach for the synthesis of α-acyloxy methyl ketone is demonstrated through regioselective hydration of a wide range of propargyl acetates. Readily available catalyst comprising of 1% Ph(3)PAuCl and 1% AgSbF(6) in dioxane-H(2)O efficiently hydrolyzes the terminal alkynes of the propargyl acetate in the absence of acid promoters at ambient temperature within a short time. Effective regioselective hydration is facilitated by the neighboring carbonyl group as demonstrated through (18)O-labeling study. Compatibility of functional moieties and tolerance to various acid-labile protecting groups are observed. The catalytic condition is also suitable to perform hydration of TMS-substituted propargyl acetates, even though it requires prolonged reaction time for completion. Stereointegrity of the propargylic acetate is preserved during the hydration. The robustness of the system is successfully demonstrated through gram scale preparation of the product in nearly quantitative yield. The common α-acyloxy methyl ketone is transformed to 1,2-diol and 1,2-amino alcohol derivatives. Synthesis of actinopolymorphol B is achieved for the first time involving hydration of the propargyl acetate as the key step.
LaminA/C regulates epigenetic and chromatin architecture changes upon aging of hematopoietic stem cells (2018)

Collectively, our data show that chromatin architecture changes in aged stem cells are reversible by decreasing the levels of Cdc42 activity, revealing an unanticipated way to pharmacologically target LaminA/C expression and revert alterations of the epigenetic architecture in aged HSCs.
Relative contributions to the plasmon line shape of metal nanoshells (2002)

Nanoshells are mesoscopic particles consisting of a dielectric core coated with a metal shell, in particular gold or silver, of uniform nanometer scale thickness. This topology supports plasmon excitations with frequencies that are sensitively dependent on the relative radii of the nanoparticle's core and shell. The plasmon linewidth for this geometry is typically quite broad, nominally 100 nm or more in wavelength at plasmon resonance wavelengths in the near infrared. Several distinct physical mechanisms control the plasmon lineshape: phase retardation effects, including multipolar plasmon contributions; inhomogeneous broadening due to core and shell size distributions; and electron scattering at the shell interfaces. These mechanisms are examined in terms of their relative contributions to the plasmon line shape for nanoshells fabricated with diameters of 100--250 nm.
Conducting polymer coated filter paper based disposable electronic tongue (2018)

A disposable filter paper based electronic tongue using different conducting polymers is developed in this work. Sensors were prepared using Whatman filter papers of dimensions 6 mm × 5 mm coated with different conducting polymers (polyaniline and polypyrrole, both in doped and de-doped form). Two Ag electrodes were deposited with a separation of 4 mm for AC impedance spectroscopic measurements in the frequency range of 10 Hz - 10 kHz with a 100 mV excitation voltage. The developed sensor was subjected to different concentrations of four basic tastants i.e., salty, sweet, sour and umami. The sensitivity of the sensor was found to be better than the human tongue for all the different tastants. The sensors were also used to differentiate between different water samples and fruit juices, with a promising potential for use in food quality monitoring. Use of principal component analysis on the impedance data aided in formation of clusters, thus distinguishing different types of water samples.
Rational Direct Synthesis of RbMnFe Nanoparticles (RbMnFe = Rb<sub><i>x</i></sub>Mn[Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sub>(2+<i>x</i>)/3</sub>·<i>n</i>H<sub>2</sub>O Prussian Blue Analogue) (2022)

In this paper, we report the chemical strategy followed to obtain, in a direct way, nanoparticles of the Rb<sub><i>x</i></sub>Mn[Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sub>(<i>x</i>+2)/3</sub>·<i>n</i>H<sub>2</sub>O (RbMnFe) Prussian blue analogue with the aim of keeping the switching ability of this compound at the nanoscale. The switching properties come from a reversible electron transfer between the iron and manganese ions and depends on the rubidium content in the structure that has to be higher than 0.6. Despite the multifunctionality of this family of compounds and its interest in various applications, no systematic studies were performed to obtain well-defined nanoparticles. This paper relates to such an investigation. To draw relationship between size reduction, composition, and switching properties, a special attention was brought to the determination of the composition through elemental analysis and structure refinement of powder X-ray diffraction patterns together with infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Several chemical parameters were explored to control both the size reduction and the composition following a direct synthetic approach. The results show that the smaller the particles, the lower the rubidium content. This observation might prevent the observation of switching properties on very small particles. Despite this antagonist effect, we achieved switchable particles of around 200 nm without any use of surfactant. Moreover, the size reduction is associated with the observation of the electron transfer down to 52% of rubidium in the nanoparticles against 64% in microparticles. This work is of particular interest in processing such nanoparticles into devices.
The transcription factor AtHB23 modulates starch turnover for root development and plant survival under salinity (2021)

Abstract AtHB23 is a homeodomain-leucine zipper I transcription factor, previously characterized as a modulator of lateral root initiation and higher-order roots development. The role of this gene in response to salinity stress was completely unknown. To elucidate the role of AtHB23 in response to salinity stress, we combined histochemical β-glucuronidase (GUS) analysis, root phenotyping, starch staining, optic and electronic transmission microscopy, expression studies by RT-qPCR, and transcriptome analysis of silenced, overexpressor, and crossed plants. We revealed that the expression pattern of AtHB23 is regulated by NaCl in the main and lateral roots, affecting the root phenotype. A severe reduction in primary root length, a significant increment in the initiation of lateral roots, and a low survival rate in salinity conditions were observed in AtHB23 -silenced plants, whereas AtHB23 overexpressors showed the opposite phenotype. These developmental defects were explained by the degradation of starch granules and an alteration in starch metabolism. The AtHB23-target gene LAX3 is repressed in the tip of the main root and affected by NaCl. We conclude that AtHB23 is vital for plant survival and adaptation to salt stress conditions, and its function is related to the gravitropic response mediated by starch granule turnover, involving the auxin carrier LAX3. Highlight The transcription factor AtHB23 is crucial for plant survival and adaptation to salt stress conditions, and its function is related to the gravitropic response mediated by starch-granule turnover, involving LAX3.
Coefficient Conversion for Transform Domain VC-1 TO H.264 Transcoding (2007)

This paper discusses the problem of transcoding between VC-1 and H.264 video standards. VC-1 uses an adaptive block size integer transform, which is different from the 4×4 integer transform used by H.264. We propose an algorithm to transcode the transform coefficients from VC-1 to those for H.264, which is a fundamental step for transform domain transcoding. The paper also presents a fast computation version of the algorithm. The implementation of the proposed algorithm shows that the quality of the video remains roughly the same while the complexity is greatly reduced when compared with the reference full cascade pixel domain transcoder.