gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust parametric modeling of durations in hidden Markov models (1996)

A major weakness of conventional hidden Markov models is that they implicitly model state durations by a geometric distribution, which is usually inappropriate. This paper presents a modified Viterbi algorithm that, by incorporating proper state and word duration modeling, significantly reduces the string error rate of the conventional Viterbi algorithm for a speaker-independent, connected-digit string task. The algorithm has essentially the same computational requirements of the conventional Viterbi algorithm.
The impact of emissions (2010)

The atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs), e.g. CO2 methane, nitrous oxide, and chlorofluorocarbons, has increased gradually in the last century. The intergovernmental Panel on Climate Changes (IPCC) has evaluated the size and impact of this increase. One of the conclusions is that the reason behind the increased concentration of GHGs in the atmosphere is due to human activities. As a result, the global atmospheric concentration of CO2 increased from a preindustrial value of approximately 280 to 384 ppmv in 2007. Moreover the GHGs concentration is expected to increase to approximately 600 ppmv by 2050 if no mitigation and emissions reduction options are applied.
Arc ubiquitination regulates endoplasmic reticulum-mediated Ca <sup>2+</sup> release and CaMKII signaling (2022)

Abstract Synaptic plasticity relies on rapid, yet spatially precise signaling to alter synaptic strength. Arc is a brain enriched protein that is rapidly expressed during learning-related behaviors and is essential for regulating metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated long-term depression (mGluR-LTD). We previously showed that disrupting the ubiquitination capacity of Arc enhances mGluR-LTD; however, the mechanism by which this occurs and its consequences on other mGluR-mediated signaling events is unknown. Here we show that disrupting Arc ubiquitination on key amino acid residues leads to derangements in Ca 2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) during pharmacological activation of Group I mGluRs. These alterations were observed in all neuronal subregions except secondary branchpoints. Deficits in Arc ubiquitination increased Arc self-association and enhanced its interaction with calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIb (CaMKIIb) and constitutively active forms of CaMKII. Notably, these interactions were also excluded at secondary branchpoints. Finally, disruptions in Arc ubiquitination were found to increase Arc interaction with the integral ER protein Calnexin. These results suggest a previously unknown role for Arc ubiquitination in the fine tuning of ER-mediated Ca 2+ signaling that is needed for mGluR-LTD, which in turn, may regulate CaMKII and its interactions with Arc.
Laccase–natural mediator systems for “green” synthesis of phenolic monomers from alkali lignin (2017)

Being a major byproduct of pulp and paper industry, lignin has attracted attention as a source of high-value organic chemicals,<italic>e.g.</italic>phenolic monomers that can be produced by lignin enzymatic treatment.
Exploring biomarkers in routine diagnostics for the risk stratification of older patients in the Chest Pain Unit: a prospective cohort study (2022)

In older ED patients, biomarkers explicitly related to biological ageing processes such as hs-TnT, CRP and Hb were to a certain degree independently of each other as well as combined associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Thus, they may have the potential to be used to supplement the general risk stratification of older patients in the ED. Validation of the results in a large dataset is needed.
Transient Radiation Effects in 3He-Implanted Palladium Foils (2001)

No abstract prepared.
Measurement error reduction using weighted average method for repeated measurements from heterogeneous instruments (2001)

Abstract Considering a situation in which observations are made by several instruments over time, researchers are interested in estimating the true quantity at a particular time point. Assuming observations made by different instruments at the same time point have the same time‐dependent mean but different variances, one approach is to estimate the true quantity or the time‐dependent mean by simply averaging the observations at a time point. However, since the variability of each instrument may be very different, the unweighted average can be improved by a weighted average with weights estimated from the longitudinal measurements produced by those instruments. Such a weighted average estimator is studied in this article. It is shown to be unbiased for the true quantity. Its variance is asymptotically smaller than that of any observation and also achieves the minimum variance among all the weighted estimates with known weights. The proposed method is illustrated by a real data example. The method is not restricted to the time‐dependent situation. The general setting where this method can be applied is described at the end of the article. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Chiral Smectic Liquid Crystalline Polymers (1988)

Abstract The synthesis of side-chain liquid crystalline polysiloxanes, copolysiloxanes and of tetracyclosiloxanes containing chiral mesogenic side groups, i.e, trans- 2[p-(l-undecanyl-ll-oxy)phenyl]-5-[(p-2(S)- methyl-1-butoxy)pheny1]-1,3-dioxane, trans- 2-[p-(2(S)-methyl-1-butoxy)phenyl]-5-(11- undecalenyl)-1,3-dioxane and 2-[4-(2(S)- methyl-butoxy)-phenyl]-5-(w-alkl)-l,3,2- dioxaborlnane with alkyl being undecanyl, octyl, and hexyl is discussed. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermal optical polarization microscopy revealed chiral smectic mesomorphism for polymers containing eleven methylene units in the flexible spacer. The polymers containing undecanyl spacers present a chiral smectic C mesophase. The polysiloxanes with hexyl spacers exhibit a chiral nematic mesophase.
Proposal for a New Ferroelectric Gate Field Effect Transistor Memory Based on Ferroelectric-Insulator Interface Conduction (2004)

A new type of ferroelectric gate field effect transistor (FET) using ferroelectric-insulator interface conduction has been proposed. Drain current flows along the interface between the ferroelectric and insulator layers and needs no semiconductor. The FET has been fabricated by forming drain and source electrodes on a SiON/Si substrate, depositing SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 (SBT) film, and then forming the gate electrode. Drain current versus gate voltage characteristics show counterclockwise hysteresis loop similarly to the conventional metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor-FET (MFIS-FET), and the loop is due to polarization hysteresis of the SBT film. The FET shows that 1) the On/Off ratio of the conduction current is 3.8 at 0 bias voltage and 2) the relationship of the conduction current to channel width and length coincides well with the predicted characteristics.
Bacillus graminis sp. nov., an endophyte isolated from a coastal dune plant (2010)

A Gram-stain-positive endophytic bacterium, designated strain YC6957(T), was isolated from surface-sterilized roots of a halophyte (Elymus mollis Trin.) inhabiting coastal tidal flats of Namhae Island, located on the southern coast of Korea, and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Cells were facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming rods to coccoid rods, motile by a single flagellum. Strain YC6957(T) was catalase-positive, oxidase-negative and able to grow in the presence of 0-8 % (w/v) NaCl, with optimum growth at 4-5 % (w/v) NaCl. Growth occurred at 15-45 °C (optimal growth at 30-35 °C) and pH 6.0-8.5 (optimal growth at pH 7.0-8.0). The predominant isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). The major cellular fatty acids were C(16 : 0) (11.3 %), iso-C(15 : 0) (19.2 %) and anteiso-C(15 : 0) (36.4 %). The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content was 41.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the isolate belonged to the genus Bacillus. Strain YC6957(T) exhibited high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to its closest neighbours, Bacillus ruris LMG 22866(T) (96.14 %), Bacillus lentus NCIMB 8773(T) (95.97 %) and Bacillus galactosidilyticus LMG 17892(T) (95.91 %), and less than 95.84 % similarity to all other type strains in the genus Bacillus. On the basis of the phylogenetic, physiological and biochemical data, it is suggested that strain YC6957(T) represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus graminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YC6957(T) ( = KACC 13779(T) = DSM 22162(T)).
Performance Study of Localization Techniques in Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks (2012)

One of the major issues in Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks (WBASNs) is efficient localization. There are various techniques for indoor and outdoor environments to locate a person. This study evaluating and compares performance of optimization schemes in indoor environments for optimal placement of wireless sensors, where patients can perform their daily activities. In indoor environments, the performance comparison between Distance Vector-Hop algorithm, Ring Overlapping Based on Comparison Received Signal Strength Indicator (ROCRSSI), Particle filtering and Kalman filtering based location tracking techniques, in terms of localization accuracy is estimated. Results show that particle filtering outperforms all. GPS and several techniques based on GSM location tracking schemes are proposed for outdoor environments. Hidden Markov GSM based location tracking scheme efficiently performs among all, in terms of location accuracy and computational overheads.
Abstract 91: Association of Blood Lactate and Ammonia with Neurologically Intact Survival in Patients After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: SOS-KANTO Study (2014)

Introduction: Blood levels of lactate and ammonia can potentially reflect the severity of ischemic injury in patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Hypothesis: Blood lactate and ammonia have high prognostic values in patients who were successfully resuscitated after OHCA and admitted to the hospital. Methods: Between 2012-13, we enrolled 16,452 CA patients in Kanto-area, Japan, in the study of SOS-KANTO registry. Adult (≥18 years) patients, resuscitated from non-traumatic OHCA and admitted to the hospital, were included. Blood samples were obtained and levels of lactate and ammonia were measured in the emergency room. We used the cutoff values of 12.0 mmol/L for lactate and 100 μmol/L for ammonia based on our previous study. All therapeutic indications were blinded from those cutoff values. Patients were classified into two groups according to their cerebral performance category (CPC) at 3 months after CA, favorable (CPC 1-2) and poor (CPC3-5) outcome groups. Logistic regression analysis wa...
Expression of endogenous lectins (galectins, receptors for ABH-epitopes) and the MIB-1 antigen in esophageal carcinomas and their syntactic structure analysis in relation to post-surgical tumor stage and lymph node involvement. (2001)

Squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus, a disease with poor prognosis, are especially frequent in China and South Africa. To initiate the study of endogenous lectins in this tumor class we employed synthetic neoglycoconjugates and focused on galectins as markers. Histological sections of 43 cases of esophageal carcinomas were analyzed with labeled galectins-1 and -3 and their specific antibodies, neoglycoconjugates exposing chemically prepared histo-blood group A-, B- and H-trisaccharides and the antibody MIB-1 (Ki-67). Features of structural and numerical staining intensities determined quantitatively were correlated to clinical data sets of pTN stages, sex and age of patients. Low tumor stages (pT1/T2) were seen in 10/43 cases (23%) and 65% of the carcinomas surgically treated lacked notable lymph node involvement (pN0). The women were younger than the men (47 years versus 54 years). The proliferation activity of the tumor cells was high and amounted to 75% at average. The presence of galectin-1 and the structural entropy of distribution of staining with carrier-immobilized A-trisaccharide were associated with pN stages. These initial data indicate that distinct glycohistochemical features appear to have prognostic significance in this tumor class, adding to the emerging significance of this marker class in lung cancer.
Effects of spontaneous ordering and alloy statistical fluctuations on exciton linewidth in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ga</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">In</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mi>−</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">P</mml:mi></mml:math>alloys (2000)

We experimentally demonstrate an intrinsic statistical effect of the phenomenon of spontaneous ordering in semiconductor alloys: the reduction of alloy fluctuations as a function of the order parameter, as reflected in the exciton linewidth. A theoretical model is presented to qualitatively describe the dependence of the exciton linewidth on the order parameter.
Phosphorus release from cattle manure ash as soil amendment in laboratory-scale tests (2017)

Excessive application of animal manure to farmland leads to phosphorus (P) loss into the surrounding water. Manure is incinerated to convert it to P-rich ash as a slow-release P fertilizer. However, the potential P loss and P availability for plants from cattle manure ash (CMA) have not been fully understood. The aims of this study were to determine the P release mechanism from CMA and to propose appropriate application rates that mitigate P loss and increase available P to soil in Fukushima, where the soil is deficient in nutrients after the replacement of cesium-137-contaminated soil with sandy mountain soil. Different P fractions in CMA were sequentially extracted with H2O, 0.5 M NaHCO3, 0.1 M NaOH, and 1 M HCl. Phosphorus contents in different fractions of CMA were in the order of HCl–P > NaHCO3–P > H2O–P > NaOH–P. Water-soluble P release of CMA was also determined by kinetic experiments for 120 h. Results showed that total water-soluble P accounted for a maximum of 2.9% of total P in CMA over 120 h due to recalcitrant P compounds formed through incineration. The Fukushima sandy soil amended with CMA at three application rates, 94, 157, and 314 mg P kg−1 (corresponding to 300, 500, 1000 kg P2O5 ha−1) was incubated for 56 days. Cattle manure compost and KH2PO4 were applied at 157 mg P kg−1 for comparison. Phosphorus release in water and CaCl2 solution from ash-amended soil was significantly lower than those from compost and KH2PO4-amended soil at the same P application rate of 157 mg P kg−1 (p < 0.05). Available P in ash-amended soil, determined by Fe-oxide impregnated strips, was not significantly different from those in compost-amended soil after day 7 and KH2PO4-amended soil on day 56 at the same P application rate. Thus, CMA reduces P losses from soil to the surrounding water while it increases P availability for plants. In comparison of different rates of CMA, P release in water or CaCl2 was significantly greater at 314 mg P kg−1 than at 94 or 157 mg P kg−1, while the percentage of available P to total P was the lowest at the highest application rate (p < 0.05), suggesting that the best application rates were 94 and 157 mg P kg−1 in this experiment.
Predictors associated with neurological recovery after anterior decompression with fusion for degenerative cervical myelopathy (2021)

Patients with lower TK, lower PCS score, and higher SVA were more likely to have poor neurological recovery after ADF. Therefore, patients with DCM and these predictors who undergo ADF should be warned about poor recovery and be required to provide adequate informed consent.
Differential Susceptibility to Adolescent Externalizing Trajectories: Examining the Interplay Between <i>CHRM2</i> and Peer Group Antisocial Behavior (2011)

The present study characterized prototypical patterns of development in self-reported externalizing behavior, between 12 and 22 years of age, within a community sample of 452 genotyped individuals. A Caucasian subset (n = 378) was then examined to determine whether their probabilities of displaying discrete trajectories were differentially associated with CHRM2, a gene implicated in self-regulatory processes across a range of externalizing behaviors, and if affiliating with antisocial peers moderated these associations. Findings indicate that relative to a normative "lower risk" externalizing trajectory, likelihood of membership in two "higher risk" trajectories increased with each additional copy of the minor allelic variant at CHRM2, and that this association was exacerbated among those exposed to higher levels of peer group antisocial behavior.
Peer Reviewed: Modulated and Pulsed Photoacoustics in Trace Gas Analysis (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVFeaturesNEXTPeer Reviewed: Modulated and Pulsed Photoacoustics in Trace Gas AnalysisNew types of diode lasers are aiding the development of this technique.András Miklós and Peter HessCite this: Anal. Chem. 2000, 72, 1, 30 A–37 APublication Date (Web):January 1, 2000Publication History Published online1 January 2000Published inissue 1 January 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac002681mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac002681mnewsACS Publications. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1657Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (5 MB) Get e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Photophysics Get e-Alerts
Lipoma adhered to the corpus callosum in a schizophrenic patient with severe positive symptoms that responded to clozapine (2002)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Investigation of soft fail issue in sub-nanometer devices using nanoprobing technique (2008)

With the miniaturization of electronic devices, identifying the root cause of soft failures using physical failure analysis (PFA) techniques has become a more challenging task. By characterizing the electrical behavior of malfunctioned devices, nanoprobing precisely locates defects before any PFA is performed and allows for deeper understanding of the root cause of soft failure issues. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of nanoprobing in investigating the root causes of soft failures.
Risperidone Treatment of Behavioral Disturbances in Outpatients With Dementia (1999)

The authors retrospectively assessed the effectiveness and side effects of risperidone used to treat behavioral disturbances in elderly outpatients with dementia. In 41 patients treated with risperidone 1.8 +/- 1.4 mg/day, there was complete suppression of the target symptom in 15%, partial response in 41%, and no response in 44%. Risperidone appeared equally effective in treating agitation and psychosis. New or worsening extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) occurred in 32%, associated with longer duration of treatment and possibly with concomitant use of serotonergic anti-depressants. Risperidone was a useful adjunct in the treatment of agitation and psychosis in outpatients with dementia but was limited by EPS in about one-third of patients.
Human neuroimaging of acute and chronic marijuana use: implications for frontocerebellar dysfunction (1999)

The effects of cannabis use on the human brain are not well understood. Recently neuroimaging research has begun to address the question of metabolic changes secondary to (1) long-term chronic cannabis use, and (2) acute intoxication due to cannabis smoke or injection of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) solution. A comprehensive review of the neuroimaging literature was performed. To further interpret and understand this research, literature addressing animal receptor and neurochemical models were also surveyed. Neuroimaging findings have concluded that abstinence from smoking results in depressed cerebral metabolism in chronic users, while acute exposure reverses this condition, producing higher cerebral blood flow in chronic users compared to controls. These changes are hypothesized to be associated with alterations of cannabinoid receptors secondary to chronic exposure. Findings from animal models are consistent with the proposition that adaptation to chronic exposure results in adjustment of normal neurotransmitter levels. The frontopontocerebellar network is implicated as a site sensitive to cannabinoid-induced alterations in the levels of dopaminergic activity derived through the medial forebrain bundle, which projects from the ventral tegmental area. This network is involved in the modulation of a range of human behavior that is clearly altered by use of cannabis. The combined neuroimaging and animal data suggest that metabolism of component regions of the frontopontocerebellar network are altered by acute and chronic exposure to cannabis through modulation of both the cannabinoid and the dopamine system. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A survey of anticoagulation practice among German speaking microsurgeons – Perioperative management of anticoagulant therapy in free flap surgery (2012)

Background: Anticoagulation is a crucial element in microsurgery. Although various clinical studies and international surveys have revealed that anticoagulation strategies can vary and result in similar outcomes, anticoagulative regimen are far away from standardization. In Germany and german speaking countries standardized anticoagulation protocols concerning free flap surgery do not exist so far. Methods: To evaluate the current practice of clinics in Germany, Austria and Switzerland with specialization in microsurgery we performed a questionnaire surveying the perioperative regimen of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy in free flap surgery. The microsurgeons were interrogated on several anticoagulant, rheologic and antiplatelet medications, their dosage and perioperative frequency of application pre-, intra- and postoperative. Results: The questionnaire revealed that the used antithrombotic and perioperative regimens varied from department to department presumably based on the personal experience of the surgeon. Multiple approaches are used with a wide range of anticoagulants used either alone or in combination, with different intervals of application and different dosages. Conclusion: Therefore consensus meetings should be held in future leading to conduct prospective multicenter studies with formulation of standardized anticoagulative and perioperative protocols in microsurgery reducing flap failure to other than pharmacologic reasons.