gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engineering of Metallic Multilayers and Spin Transfer Torque Devices (2014)

This dissertation explores in detail the nanofabrication and characterization of ultrathin metallic multilayers designed for the study of several electronic, magnetic, and optical phenomena. Several topics are covered, but the primary focus lies in the investigation and optimization of various sputter deposited thin-film structures with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) for their incorporation into MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ). MTJs with these materials systems can then be ultimately applied towards functional spin-transfer-torque magnetoresistive RAM (STT-MRAM) technologies. As multiple topics are to be covered, this dissertation is roughly sub -divided into two parts: (i) full film materials investigation and (ii) device level characterization. (i) Full films materials investigation involved the exploration and optimization of multilayer systems such as Co/Pt, Co/Ni, and Co/Pd as well as crystalline alloys such as CoFeB and CoCrPt. Once identified, these materials were used in the development of perpendicular synthetic antiferromagnet (pSAF) systems. A separate study was performed to evaluate the free layers in pMTJ thin film stacks, focusing on substrate, deposition, and capping effects that contribute to interfacial PMA in MgO/CoFeB- like systems. (ii) A variety of magnetotransport techniques were implemented to study current-induced magnetic reversal of both in-plane and perpendicular MRAM MTJs. The set of magnetotransport tools developed includes both quasi-static field/current methods as well as high- speed transport techniques and have been used to probe key parameters of MRAM cells such as switching voltage, energy barrier, bit-error rates, and spin-torque efficiency. A population of MTJs was studied to analyze the behavior of normal and tail-bit devices. It was discovered through low -temperature magnetotransport measurements that these tail bit MTJs are prone to nucleation of metastable intermediate states and have poor spin-filtering capabilities. Several sizes of perpendicular MTJs were characterized by electrical stress and field sweeping techniques and found to have a variety of defects based on poor MgO/CoFeB interfacial anisotropy. The importance of proper MgO/CoFeB interface engineering is also emphasized in this section as it affects so many of the measurable metrics by which we gauge STT-MRAM as a viable technology
Sol-gel derived CuO/alumina sorbents for SO{sub 2}/NOx removal from flue gas (1998)

Nanostructured alumina supported copper oxide granular sorbents of 2--3 mm in diameter were prepared by the sol-gel method. The properties of the sol-gel derived sorbents are compared with a similar commercial sorbent which has been used in pilot scale fluidized-bed copper oxide process for flue gas treatment. The sol-gel derived sorbents have surface area of about 300m{sup 2}/g, pore volume of 0.50 and pore diameter of 4 nm. The crushing strength of the sol-gel derived sorbents is about 5 times that of the commercial samples, while the attrition rate of the former is at least 3 times smaller than the latter. Performance of the sol-gel derived alumina supported copper oxide sorbents for SO{sub 2} removal was studied in a fixed-bed adsorption system. At temperatures lower than 400 C, SO{sub 2} sorption capacity of the sol-gel derived sorbent is about 3 times that of the commercial sorbent with a similar amount of CuO loading (7--9 wt.%).
Hybrid Galileo/W-CDMA Receiver Prototype for Mass-Market Applications (2004)

In the upcoming years the location of mobile phones or PDAs will become by far the market leader in the area of personal navigation applications. These trends converge in the U.S. Federal Communications Commission’s E- 911 mandate and the E-112 initiative of the European Commission that requires network carriers to provide location or geo-coding of emergency callers who are using wireless handsets. Taken all this into account, an important step into the market for Galileo is the in-time availability of hybrid Galileo/GPS receiver in combination with cellular network positioning capability for consumer applications. This is the main idea behind the GAWAIN project – the development of an integrated GNSS/UMTS receiver, which provides seamless indoor/ outdoor navigation and communication capability, using GPS/Galileo and 3G/UMTS for mass market applications. The paper will present an overall overview of the GAWAIN project, its 3-step design approach and the architectural design. Preliminary results of analysis and architectural design of these concepts will be presented within the paper.
Diagnosis of adsorption on solid electrodes with semiintegral voltammetry (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiagnosis of adsorption on solid electrodes with semiintegral voltammetryRobert. Bowling and Richard L. McCreeryCite this: Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 6, 605–608Publication Date (Print):March 15, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00157a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00157a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views184Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Negative Effective Gravity in Water Waves by Periodic Resonator Arrays (2011)

Based on analytic derivations and numerical simulations, we show that near a low resonant frequency water waves cannot propagate through a periodic array of resonators (bottom-mounted split tubes) as if water has a negative effective gravitational acceleration g(e) and positive effective depth h(e). This gives rise to a low-frequency resonant band gap in which water waves can be strongly reflected by the resonator array. For a damping resonator array, the resonant gap can also dramatically modify the absorption efficiency of water waves. The results provide a mechanism to block water waves and should find applications in ocean wave energy extraction.
Netrin-1-Mediated Axon Guidance in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Overexpressing Neurogenin-1 (2016)

Stem cell therapy holds great promise for treating neurodegenerative disease, but major barriers to effective therapeutic strategies remain. A complete understanding of the derived phenotype is required for predicting cell response once introduced into the host tissue. We sought to identify major axonal guidance cues present in neurons derived from the transient overexpression of neurogenin-1 (Neurog1) in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Neurog1 upregulated the netrin-1 axon guidance receptors DCC (deleted in colorectal cancer) and neogenin (NEO1). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed a 2-fold increase in NEO1 mRNA and a 36-fold increase in DCC mRNA in Neurog1-induced compared with control ESCs. Immunohistochemistry indicated that DCC was primarily expressed on cells positive for the neuronal marker TUJ1. DCC was prefer-entially localized to the cell soma and growth-cones of induced neurons. In contrast, NEO1 expression showed less specificity, labeling both TUJ1-positive and TUJ1-negative cells as well as uninduced control cells. Axonal outgrowth was directed preferentially toward aggregates of HEK293 cells secreting a recombinant active frag-ment of netrin-1. These data indicate that DCC and NEO1 are downstream products of Neurog1 and may guide the integration of Neurog1-induced ESCs with target cells secreting netrin-1. Differential expression profiles for netrin receptors could indicate different roles for this guidance cue on neuronal and non-neuronal cells.
Data from Tumor-Specific Isoform Switch of the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 Underlies the Mesenchymal and Malignant Phenotypes of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinomas (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; We aim to identify tumor-specific alternative splicing events having potential applications in the early detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy for cancers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We analyzed RNA-seq data on 470 clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) and 68 kidney tissues to identify tumor-specific alternative splicing events. We further focused on the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) isoform switch and characterized ccRCCs expressing different FGFR2 isoforms by integrated analyses using genomic data from multiple platforms and tumor types.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We identified 113 top candidate alternatively spliced genes in ccRCC. Prominently, the &lt;i&gt;FGFR2&lt;/i&gt; gene transcript switched from the normal IIIb isoform (“epithelial”) to IIIc isoform (“mesenchymal”) in nearly 90% of ccRCCs. This switch is kidney specific as it was rarely observed in other cancers. The FGFR2-IIIb ccRCCs show a transcriptome and methylome resembling those from normal kidney, whereas FGFR2-IIIc ccRCCs possess elevated hypoxic and mesenchymal expression signatures. Clinically, FGFR2-IIIb ccRCCs are smaller in size, of lower tumor grade, and associated with longer patient survival. Gene set enrichment and DNA copy number analyses indicated that FGFR2-IIIb ccRCCs are closely associated with renal oncocytomas and chromophobe RCCs (chRCC). A reexamination of tumor histology by pathologists identified FGFR2-IIIb tumors as chRCCs and clear cell papillary RCCs (ccpRCC).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; FGFR2 IIIb RCCs represent misdiagnosed ccRCC cases, suggesting FGFR2 isoform testing can be used in the diagnosis of RCC subtypes. The finding of a prevalent isoform switch of FGFR2 in a tissue-specific manner holds promise for the future development of FGFR2-IIIc as a distinct early detection biomarker and therapeutic target for ccRCC. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 19(9); 2460–72. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Abstract 4438: A bispecific antibody targeting CD28H and PDL-1 is a novel and potent immunomodulator of T cell responses (2020)

Abstract The success of immune checkpoint inhibitors CTLA4 and PD-1 monoclonal antibody, both FDA approved cancer therapies, specifically counteracts inhibitory pathways to activate antigen-specific T cells. However, their success is limited by the fact that not all patients respond to immunotherapy and a variety of adverse events due to non specific and systemic T cell activation limits their administration. A newly identified B7 family receptor, CD28H/TMIGD2, is constitutively expressed on T, pDCs and innate lymphoid cells including NK and ILCs. CD28H is also detected in TILs including the CD8+ tissue resident memory T cells (TRM), a T cell subset that correlates with better prognosis and response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Functionally, CD28H provides costimulatory function to T cells in the context of TCR signaling events during activation. We engineered a bispecific antibody (Bis mAb) targeting CD28H and PDL1 aimed to augment T cell costimulation and NK activation. The CD28H-PDL1 Bis mAb potentiates T cell proliferative and cytokine responses in antigen-specific human T cell assays and induces human NK -mediated redirected killing of PDL1+ tumor cells. In T cells, the mechanism of action of the Bis mAb requires intracellular signaling domain of the CD28H which downmodulates SHP phosphorylation upon CD3 activation. Intriguingly, we found that the Bis mAb increases induction of CD8 TRM cells in vitro. In human TILs, where CD28H is mostly expressed on CD8 TRM in tumors, the Bis mAb enables higher cytokine responses over PDL1 mAb alone. Given the recent relevance of TRM cells as an important pool of anti-tumor T cell immunity, the rationale for targeting this population via CD28H in the context of blocking PDL1 may prove to be a therapeutic tool for enhancing responses to checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Citation Format: Madhu Ramaswamy, Taeil Kim, Desmond Jones, Hormas Ghadially, Tamer Mahmoud, Andrew Garcia, Susan Wilson, Jeffrey Riggs, Darren Schofield, GIanluca Carlesso. A bispecific antibody targeting CD28H and PDL-1 is a novel and potent immunomodulator of T cell responses [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4438.
Ion charge state fluctuations in vacuum arcs (2005)

Ion charge state distributions of cathodic vacuum arcs have been investigated using a modified time-of-flight (TOF) method. Experiments have been done in double gate and burst gate mode, allowing us to study both systematic and stochastic changes of ion charge state distributions with a time resolution down to 100 ns. In the double gate method, two ion charge spectra are recorded with a well-defined time between measurements. The elements Mg, Bi and Cu were selected for tests, representing metals of very different properties. For all elements it was found that large stochastic changes occur even at the limit of resolution. This is in agreement with fast changing arc properties observed elsewhere. Correlation of results for short times between measurements was found but it is argued that this is due to velocity mixing rather than due to cathode processes. The burst mode of TOF measurements revealed the systematic time evolution of ion charge states within a single arc discharge, as opposed to previous measurements that relied on data averaged over many pulses. The technique shows the decay of the mean ion charge state as well as the level of material-dependent fluctuations.
Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Reduction on Nonprecious Metallic Centers at High pH Environments (2010)

Iron(III) tetraphenyl porphyrin (FeTPP) macrocycle supported on high surface area Black Pearl Carbon prepared by ball milling and subsequent pyrolysis under inert atmosphere at 600{degree sign}C to 800{degree sign}C exhibits remarkable 4e - oxygen reduction reaction activity with minimal peroxide yield in alkaline medium. The pyrolytic evolution of the catalytic site has been systematically investigated using a combination of two powerful techniques, i) Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV) capable of isolating the Faradaic charge transfer from the non-Faradaic capacitive current and ii) in situ X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES). Using these techniques we clearly show here clearly the two advantages obtained by pyrolysis in the case of FeTPP. i) Anodic shift in redox potential of the iron metal center and ii) the formation of a mixed-valence dimeric catalyst site capable of binding molecular oxygen and enable charge transfer in a concerted fashion.
Research on Wind Farms Aggregation Method for Electromagnetic Simulation Based on FDNE (2019)

In this work, a wind farm aggregation method for electromagnetic simulation model based on FDNE is proposed. Identical subsystems terminated with a same node operating in parallel can be aggregated with the same constraints. WTGs connected to the same feeder within a wind farm can be aggregated as one equivalent subsystem. And the wind farm aggregated model includes several aggregated subsystems based on the grouping criterion. And each aggregated subsystem model constitutes an aggregated WTG with a current amplifier to generate the same amount of real power, an equivalent impedance of collector system, and a FDNE component to adjust the aggregated model frequency characteristics. Wind farms based on DFIG and PMSG are used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed aggregation method. The simulation comparison results indicate that the proposed method can guarantee the consistencies of the power flow and transient responses during faults with high accuracy. And the computation time is shortened by 87% in the dome cases.
EFFECTS OF SHORT‐TERM HEATING CYCLES ON FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH IN 7075‐T651 (1984)

Changes in the crack growth behavior of 7075‐T651 aluminum specimens which had been exposed to temperatures between 121 and 179°C were evaluated. Specimens were fatigue tested at room temperature under flight‐by‐flight loading conditions. Results from these tests were then compared with data from the as‐received material. Exposure to 141°C or more produced a definite increase in specimen life, apparently due to a decrease in crack growth rate. In contrast, preliminary experiments using constant amplitude loading did not show noticeable effects of these thermal treatments on fatigue lifetime. The thermal treatments were found to cause overaging of the metastable precipitate microstructure, which was thought to be responsible for the changes in fatigue response.
Photonic circuits for laser stabilization with integrated ultra-high Q and Brillouin laser resonators (2022)

The integration of stabilized lasers, sources that generate spectrally pure light, will provide compact, low-cost solutions for applications including quantum information sciences, precision navigation and timing, metrology, and high-capacity fiber communications. We report a significant advancement in this field, demonstrating stabilization of an integrated waveguide Brillouin laser to an integrated waveguide reference cavity, where both resonators are fabricated using the same CMOS-compatible integration platform. We demonstrate reduction of the free running Brillouin laser linewidth to a 292 Hz integral linewidth and carrier stabilization to a 4.9 × 10−13 fractional frequency at 8 ms reaching the cavity-intrinsic thermorefractive noise limit for frequencies down to 80 Hz. We achieve this level of performance using a pair of 56.4 × 106 quality factor Si3N4 waveguide ring-resonators that reduce the high-frequency noise by the nonlinear Brillouin process and the low-frequency noise by Pound–Drever–Hall locking to the ultra-low loss resonator. These results represent an important step toward integrated stabilized lasers with reduced sensitivity to environmental disturbances for atomic, molecular, and optical physics (AMO), quantum information processing and sensing, and other precision scientific, sensing, and communications applications.
Suppression of IgA production by lymphocytes induced by diphenylhydantoin. (1995)

In this study, the mechanisms for suppression of immunoglobulin production by lymphocytes induced by diphenylhydantoin (DPH) were investigated using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from one patient 3 months after discontinuation of DPH, when IgA deficiency was improved. Immunoglobulin production in PBMCs was dose-dependently suppressed by DPH and the suppressive effect of DPH on IgA production tended to be greater than the effect on IgM or IgG production. Moreover, cell separation experiments indicated that DPH suppresses immunoglobulin production by PBMCs through a suppression of B cell, but not T cell, function. The finding that the suppressive effect of DPH on IgA production tended to be greater than the effect on IgM or IgG production might be related to the fact that the alpha-chain gene is located in the 3' end of the gene coding the constant regions of human heavy chains.
Hidatidosis ginecológica (2015)

La localización ginecológica de los quistes hidatídicos es infrecuente; esporádicamente se ha reportado algunos casos en la literatura nacional y extranjera.
The ε3 and ε4 Alleles of Human APOE Differentially Affect Tau Phosphorylation in Hyperinsulinemic and Pioglitazone Treated Mice (2011)

All HFD animals developed hyperglycaemia with elevated plasma insulin. Tau phosphorylation was reduced at 3 epitopes (Ser396, Ser202/Thr205 and Thr231) in all HFD, compared to LFD, animals independent of APOE genotype. The introduction of pioglitazone to HFD animals led to a significant reduction in tau phosphorylation at the Ser202/Thr205 epitope in APOEε3 animals only. We found no changes in APP processing however the levels of soluble amyloid beta 40 was reduced in APOE knockout animals treated with pioglitazone.
KINETICS AND TRANSPORT PROCESSES IN AQUEOUS POLYSULFIDE ELECTRODE REACTIONS (1986)

Fundamental and applied research on the aqueous sulfide/polysulfide redox couple has been carried out, motivated by its possible use in photoelectrochemical cells (PEes) and redox batteries.Recent work on PEes has concentrated on the reactions at photoelectrodes.Much less attention has been given to the development of efficient redox electrodes which can be used as a counterelectrode in a PEe or as an electrode in a redox cell.The objectives of the present work are to obtain information on the electrochemical and chemical reactions of the aqueous sulfide/polysulfide redox couple and to use that information to design a stable and efficient redox electrode.' .',; disk electrodes.',~ The design of aqueous polysulfide-based PEes is discussed from the standpoint of electro--t;..k. ., lyte composition, heat transfer, and absorption of light by the electrolyte.Important aspects of .. polysulfide chemistry in its relation to redox battery cycling are also discussed.' ... ' .3-7 Transient current response to a potential step for a 0.2 cm 2 Co electrode in 1.3 M S2-, 1 M So, pH=12 at 63C ........
Sex-Biased Expression of MicroRNAs in Schistosoma mansoni (2013)

Schistosomiasis is an important neglected tropical disease caused by digenean helminth parasites of the genus Schistosoma. Schistosomes are unusual in that they are dioecious and the adult worms live in the blood system. MicroRNAs play crucial roles during gene regulation and are likely to be important in sex differentiation in dioecious species. Here we characterize 112 microRNAs from adult Schistosoma mansoni individuals, including 84 novel microRNA families, and investigate the expression pattern in different sexes. By deep sequencing, we measured the relative expression levels of conserved and newly identified microRNAs between male and female samples. We observed that 13 microRNAs exhibited sex-biased expression, 10 of which are more abundant in females than in males. Sex chromosomes showed a paucity of female-biased genes, as predicted by theoretical evolutionary models. We propose that the recent emergence of separate sexes in Schistosoma had an effect on the chromosomal distribution and evolution of microRNAs, and that microRNAs are likely to participate in the sex differentiation/maintenance process.
Hormone-receptor interactions: a study of the binding of hormone-substituted tobacco mosaic virus to membrane vesicles by dynamic light scattering and by transient electric bi-refringence (1979)

Abstract