gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Exploratory Study Using the Anti-Anxiety Medication Buspirone forDriving Anxiety in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2022)

Background: The literature documents that intellectually capable autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is frequently associated with driving avoidance. Because ASD is associated with high levels of comorbid anxiety and our previous work suggested heightened anxiety during driving simulation, we evaluated whether driving behavior assessed through a driving simulator would improve with antianxiety medication. Objective: This was an open label, proof of concept study testing the usefulness and tolerability of the nonsedating, short acting anti-anxiety medication buspirone, using a randomly assigned crossover design. Methods: The sample consisted of 24 adult drivers (5 female) with DSM-V ASD (mean age 28.4 years) who completed two simulated driving sessions, one while taking the anti-anxiety medication buspirone and one without it. Results: Treatment with buspirone was associated with significantly improved driving performance as measured by less variability in lane positioning, a proxy for safer driving, lower self-report anxiety scores on items involving physical sensations, and better self-report scores on the ability to concentrate while driving. Conclusions: These preliminary, proof of concept findings suggest that mitigating anxiety may improve driving performance in individuals with intellectually capable ASD, supporting the need to conduct larger controlled studies assessing this important issue.
Synthesis of Fluorinated Glutamic Acid Derivatives via Vinylalumination. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Classic Kaposi Sarcoma: An Exceptional Cause of Adrenal Incidentaloma (2017)

Adrenal involvement of KS is rare, eventually observed in AIDS-KS. The present case is, to the best of our knowledge, the first report of primary isolated adrenal classic KS. KS should be considered in the etiology of adrenal incidentaloma, especially if the patient has epidemiological risk factors for HHV8 infection, mainly, but not exclusively, in the context of immunodeficiency.
Expression of the Sonic hedgehog (SHH) Gene during Early Human Development and Phenotypic Expression of New Mutations Causing Holoprosencephaly (1999)

Holoprosencephaly (HPE), the most common developmental defect of the forebrain and the face, is genetically heterogeneous. One of the genes involved, Sonic hedgehog ( SHH ), on 7q36, has been identified as the first HPE-causing gene both in mouse and humans. In order to delineate the phenotype of specific SHH mutations, we described the expression of the SHH gene during early human embryogenesis and investigated the phenotype of novel SHH mutations. In situ hybridization studies were performed on paraffin-embedded human embryo sections at three different development stages. These studies show that SHH is expressed in the notochord, the floorplate, the brain, the zone of polarizing activity and the gut. We also report on the phenotype of four novel mutations identified in 40 HPE families (two in isolated HPE and two in familial HPE). Expressivity ranged from alobar HPE to microcephaly and hypoplasia of the pituitary gland in one family, and from HPE to an asymptomatic form in another family. No SHH mutation was found in six polymalformed cases combining HPE with other defects, such as skeletal, limb, cardiac, anal and/or renal anomalies. This study confirms the genetic heterogeneity of HPE, and further demonstrates that SHH mutations are associated with a broad spectrum of cerebral midline defects.
Ultra-thin film photodiodes for use in position sensors (2001)

Abstract A novel optical interferometer based on detecting the standing wave is realized by the newly developed ultra-thin film photodiode. The active layer of the ultra-thin film photodiode is thi...
Complexity changes in instantaneous heart rate prior to ventricular fibrillation in patients with implantable defibrillator (2003)

The objective of this study was to determine complexity changes of instantaneous heart rate prior to malignant tachy-arrhythmic events. Are these possible changes detectable by means of an implantable defibrillator? R-R intervals of the internal defibrillator memory were analyzed by means of linear and non-linear techniques. The non-linear analysis revealed a significant decline of the slope of the correlation integral prior to the malignant tachycardia. In contrast, the linear parameter standard deviation of the R-R series, a measure of heart rate variability, did not show any significant change. Thus methods of early detection of vulnerable periods and possible new strategies in prevention of malignant events with implantable anti-tachy-arrhythmic devices may benefit from non-linear analysis of R-R intervals.
Polygenic inheritance of cryptorchidism susceptibility in the LE/orl rat (2015)

This work was supported by: R01HD060769 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), 2P20GM103446 and P20GM103464 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), and Nemours Biomedical Research. The authors have no competing interests to declare.
Semantic segmentation of street scenes by superpixel co-occurrence and 3D geometry (2009)

We present a novel approach for image semantic segmentation of street scenes into coherent regions, while simultaneously categorizing each region as one of the predefined categories representing commonly encountered object and background classes. We formulate the segmentation on small blob-based superpixels and exploit a visual vocabulary tree as an intermediate image representation. The main novelty of this generative approach is the introduction of an explicit model of spatial co-occurrence of visual words associated with super-pixels and utilization of appearance, geometry and contextual cues in a probabilistic framework. We demonstrate how individual cues contribute towards global segmentation accuracy and how their combination yields superior performance to the best known method on the challenging benchmark dataset which exhibits diversity of street scenes with varying viewpoints, large number of categories, captured in daylight and dusk.
Sexual dimorphism of testosterone 15 alpha-hydroxylase mRNA levels in mouse liver. cDNA cloning and regulation. (1985)

A cDNA library was constructed from 129/J female mouse liver poly(A)+ RNA immunoenriched for testosterone 15 alpha-hydroxylase (P-450(15)alpha) in the expression vector pUC9. Fifteen clones coding for P-450(15)alpha were identified by duplicate colony hybridization to nick-translated cDNAs synthesized from immunoenriched or depleted poly(A)+ RNA. Recombinant plasmid p 15 alpha-29 contained the largest cDNA (1.6 kilobases) and cross-hybridized strongly with all other clones. cDNAs representing two different transcripts were identified based on restriction map analysis. Clones p 15 alpha-29 and p 15 alpha-15 have identical internal restriction fragments generated by ClaI, BamHI, and StuI digests, but p15 alpha-15 has unique PstI and HindIII sites located within 150 base pairs of each other. This suggests P-450(15)alpha is transcribed from two genes. Northern hybridization of poly(A)+ RNA with nick-translated p15 alpha-29 or p15 alpha-15 showed a single size mRNA of 2.1 kilobases. The level of P-450(15)alpha mRNA was 6.6 times higher in 129/J female than in male mice. The difference between P-450(15)alpha mRNA levels in females and males was positively correlated with P-450(15)alpha protein detected by anti-P-450(15)alpha and testosterone 15 alpha-hydroxylase activity in microsomes. Sexual dimorphism in hepatic testosterone 15 alpha-hydroxylase activity is shown to result from differential mRNA regulation in females and males.
Polarization control for coherent fiber optic systems using nematic liquid crystals (1990)

A practical polarization controlling system for heterodyne fiber optic detection continuously matches the local oscillator (LO) polarization to the signal polarization to prevent signal fading. This polarization match must also be maintained during the reset of any constituent component. Polarization controlling systems have been demonstrated using mechanically induced birefringence, electrooptic crystals, Faraday rotators, rotating wave plates, and lithium niobate waveguides.1–4 Difficulties associated with these systems include mechanical fatigue, high operating voltages, and excessive cost.
Adaptive NN control of partially known nonlinear strict-feedback systems (2001)

This paper presents a direct adaptive NN control scheme for partially known strict-feedback systems. In this scheme, a priori information of the system under study can be incorporated into controller design. The benefits of using the a priori information include: (i) much simplified algorithm, and (ii) much less neurons employed for approximation, which makes the algorithm computationally feasible. With the help of NN approximation, the overparametrization problem in adaptive backstepping design is avoided without using tuning functions. Semi-global uniform ultimate boundedness of all the signals in the closed-loop is guaranteed and the output of the system is proven to converge to a small neighborhood of the desired trajectory. The control performance of the closed-loop system is guaranteed by suitably choosing the design parameters. Simulation studies are conducted to show the effectiveness of the scheme.
Low frequent sound reduction by thin air layers (1998)

Tools with which the viscothermal wave propagation in relation with fluid-structure interaction can be studied are being developed. Finite element modelling Acoustic elements which take into account viscous and thermal effects and which enable full fluid-structure interaction are implemented in the B2000 Finite Element Program. Experimental investigation With a special experimental setup the influence of the airgap on the dynamical behaviour of a flexible plate has been investigated
A Hierarchical Criticality-Aware Architectural Synthesis Framework for Multicycle Communication (2010)

In deep submicron era, wire delay is no longer negligible and is becoming a dominant factor of the system performance. To cope with the increasing wire delay, several state-of-the-art architectural synthesis flows have been proposed for the distributed register architectures by enabling on-chip multicycle communication. In this article, we present a new performance-driven criticality-aware synthesis framework CriAS targeting regular distributed register architectures. To achieve high system performance, CriAS features a hierarchical binding-then-placement for minimizing the number of performance-critical global data transfers. The key ideas are to take time criticality as the major concern at earlier binding stages before the detailed physical placement information is available, and to preserve the locality of closely related critical components in the later placement phase. The experimental results show that CriAS can achieve an average of 14.26% overall performance improvement with no runtime overhead as compared to the previous art.
Improvement of solubility of C70 by complexation with cyclomaltononaose (delta-cyclodextrin). (2008)

We investigated the solubilizing effects of cyclomaltononaose (delta-CD), a cyclic oligosaccharide composed of nine alpha-1,4-linked D-glucose units, on C70 by using the ball-milling method based on a solid-solid mechanochemical reaction. The complex between C70 and delta-CD was characterized by UV-VIS spectrometry and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS). Coloration of the C70/delta-CD system was red-brown in aqueous solution, and the UV-VIS spectrum was in agreement with that of C70 in hexane solution. The FAB-MS spectrum of the C70/delta-CD system showed a negative ion peak corresponding to the molecular weight of a complex between two delta-CD and one C70. These findings suggest that the solubilization of C70 in water was due to complex formation of C70 with delta-CD, and the stoichiometric ratio of this complex was 1: 2 (C70: delta-CD).
Development and Validation of the Composite Asthma Severity Index—An Outcome Measure for Use in Children and Adolescents (2012)

JJ Wildfire, PJ Gergen, CA Sorkness. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;129(3):694–701

To develop and validate a new instrument, the Composite Asthma Severity Index (CASI), which accounts for impairment, risk, and amount of medication to maintain control. Previous instruments do not take into account these measures in defining severity as outlined by the Expert Panel Report—3: For the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma .

Data from 546 children and adolescents in the Asthma Control Evaluation (ACE) trial were used initially to determine outcome domains of asthma. External validation of the severity index was achieved by using data from 419 children and adolescents in the Inner City Anti-IgE Therapy for Asthma (ICATA) trial, a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial of omalizumab versus …
Liveness in Free-Choice Petri Nets : An Algebraic Approach (1996)

In this paper, we show that the evolution equations for timed free choice Petri net can be used to prove logical properties of the underlying un-timed net. For example, this approach leads to new methods and algorithms to check liveness and several other basic properties, such as absence or presence of deadlocks. The main tools for proving these properties are graph theory and idempotent algebras.
Non-frozen preservation of mammalian tissue using green tea polyphenolic compounds (2006)

The number of tissue or organ transplants has increased substantially in recent years with the advances in surgical methods and the development of immunosuppressive agents. Ideally, tissues should be transplanted immediately from the donor to the recipient. However, this is not always possible, and the problem of tissue preservation is very important for ensuring a successful transplantation. Therefore, it is essential to develop storage solutions that can maintain the viability and function of the tissues or organs for longer periods. Recent improvements in tissue and organ harvesting techniques and cryopreservation have made it possible to store various kinds of allografts and subsequently use these grafts as alternatives for supply-limited autografts. Moreover, tissue engineering techniques and regenerative medicine have been explored as a potential method to restore natural tissue and repair lesions. Nevertheless, no optimal method for the cryopreservation of mammalian tissues or organs as well as tissue engineered products has been established. Also, current methods can result in a substantial loss of function and lead to damage and destruction of the cells and tissues. Green tea polyphenolic compounds (GTPC) are well known as a functional food with various bioactivities, such as anti-oxidative, anti-carcinogenic, anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-viral activities. However, less attention has been paid to the effects of GTPC on the non-frozen preservation of mammalian cells and blood vessels. Furthermore, the mechanism of this preservation effect of GTPC is not clearly understood. This review was written on the basis of the hypothesis that the non-frozen preservation of mammalian cells or tissues might be involved in cell cycle control through the cytostatic activity of GTPC.
From Quartus to VPR: Converting HDL to BLIF with the Titan flow (2013)

Realistic benchmarks are important for FPGA Architecture and CAD evaluation. This paper provides a demo illustrating how designs described in HDL can be converted to BLIF using the Titan flow, and used in academic CAD tools.
Human RIPK3 maintains MLKL in an inactive conformation prior to cell death by necroptosis (2021)

The ancestral origins of the lytic cell death mode, necroptosis, lie in host defense. However, the dysregulation of necroptosis in inflammatory diseases has led to widespread interest in targeting the pathway therapeutically. This mode of cell death is executed by the terminal effector, the MLKL pseudokinase, which is licensed to kill following phosphorylation by its upstream regulator, RIPK3 kinase. The precise molecular details underlying MLKL activation are still emerging and, intriguingly, appear to mechanistically-diverge between species. Here, we report the structure of the human RIPK3 kinase domain alone and in complex with the MLKL pseudokinase. These structures reveal how human RIPK3 structurally differs from its mouse counterpart, and how human RIPK3 maintains MLKL in an inactive conformation prior to induction of necroptosis. Residues within the RIPK3:MLKL C-lobe interface are crucial to complex assembly and necroptotic signaling in human cells, thereby rationalizing the strict species specificity governing RIPK3 activation of MLKL.
Automated Digital Hair Removal by Threshold Decomposition and Morphological Analysis (2015)

&lt;p&gt;We propose a method for digital hair removal from dermoscopic images, based on a threshold-set model. For every threshold, we adapt a recent gap-detection algorithm to find hairs, and merge results in a single mask image. We find hairs in this mask by combining morphological filters and medial descriptors. We derive robust parameter values for our method from over 300 skin images. We detail a GPU implementation of our method and show how it compares favorably with five existing hair removal methods.&lt;/p&gt;
Multicenter Phase II Study of Lurbinectedin in <i>BRCA</i>-Mutated and Unselected Metastatic Advanced Breast Cancer and Biomarker Assessment Substudy (2018)

Lurbinectedin showed noteworthy activity in patients with BRCA1/2 mutations. Response and survival was notable in those with BRCA2 mutations. Additional clinical development in this subset of patients with metastatic breast cancer is warranted.
Adhesion of chicken hepatocytes to polyacrylamide gels derivatized with N-acetylglucosamine (1978)

Complex carbohydrates on the surfaces of eukaryotic cells are thought to participate in a wide variety of cell-cell interactions. A model system has therefore been developed to study these processes. In the present experiments, the ability of chicken hepatocytes to recognize and adhere to sugars covalently linked to polyacrylamide gels was investigated. The gels were snythesized by two methods. Type I gels were prepared from a co-polymer of an active ester of acrylic acid (N-succinimidyl acrylate), acrylamide, and bisacrylamide. The "activated" polyacrylamide gel was then treated with the desired ligand containing an amino group, such as 6-aminohexyl O- or S-glycoside. Type II gels were formed by treating similar ligands with acryloyl chloride, followed by co-polymerization of the resulting N-substituted acrylamide with acrylamide and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide. These polyacrylamide derivatives offer many advantages for studies with intact cells. They are not toxic to any cell type studied, can be cast in any desired shape, are transparent and stable over a wide range of pH values, and contain no cationic and low to negligible levels of anionic charge (charged groups can be introduced if desired), and the polyacrylamide matrix is stable to common biological agents such as bacteria and enzymes. In addition, type I gels can be synthesized using a broad range of molecules containing amino groups, such as glycopeptides, proteins, etc. The hepatocytes were prepared by collagenase perfusion of intact chicken livers. The rate and extent of adhesion of the cells to the derivatized gels was determined by measuring lactate dehydrogenase in these cells. This enzyme was also used to assay viability and cell "leakiness." At 37 degrees C, 70 to 100% of the cells adhered within 60 min to gels derivatized with N-acetylglucosamine, i.e. gels derivatized with 6-aminohexyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside (or the corresponding thioglycoside). By contrast, less than 5% of the cells adhered to polyacrylamide or to gels derivatized with 6-aminohexanol or the 6-aminohexyl glycosides of beta-D-glucose, beta-D-galactose, alpha-D-mannose, beta-D-maltose, beta-D-melibiose, beta-D-cellobiose, and (alpha or beta)-D-lactose. Kinetic studies with the chicken hepatocytes and N-acetylglucosamine gels showed that cell-gel binding was dependent upon Ca2+ and was decreased at low temperatures. Binding was inhibited by N-acetylglucosamine or by glycosides of this sugar, the most effective inhibitor being orosomucoid (alpha1-acid glycoprotein) pretreated with sialidase and beta-galactosidase. The cell surface receptor(s) involved in this interaction is not known, but may be related or identical to the chicken liver binding protein described by Lunney and Ashwell (Lunney, J., and Ashwell, G. (1976) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 73, 341--343). The present results suggest that this model system should prove useful in delineating cell surface interactions with carbohydrates.
TMEM231, mutated in orofaciodigital and Meckel syndromes, organizes the ciliary transition zone (2015)

The Meckel syndrome (MKS) complex functions at the transition zone, located between the basal body and axoneme, to regulate the localization of ciliary membrane proteins. We investigated the role of Tmem231, a two-pass transmembrane protein, in MKS complex formation and function. Consistent with a role in transition zone function, mutation of mouse Tmem231 disrupts the localization of proteins including Arl13b and Inpp5e to cilia, resulting in phenotypes characteristic of MKS such as polydactyly and kidney cysts. Tmem231 and B9d1 are essential for each other and other complex components such as Mks1 to localize to the transition zone. As in mouse, the Caenorhabditis elegans orthologue of Tmem231 localizes to and controls transition zone formation and function, suggesting an evolutionarily conserved role for Tmem231. We identified TMEM231 mutations in orofaciodigital syndrome type 3 (OFD3) and MKS patients that compromise transition zone function. Thus, Tmem231 is critical for organizing the MKS complex and controlling ciliary composition, defects in which cause OFD3 and MKS.
Expression of podoplanin in human astrocytic brain tumors is controlled by the PI3K-AKT-AP-1 signaling pathway and promoter methylation (2012)

Recently, we found strong overexpression of the mucin-type glycoprotein podoplanin (PDPN) in human astrocytic brain tumors, specifically in primary glioblastoma multiforme (GB). In the current study, we show an inverse correlation between PDPN expression and PTEN levels in primary human GB and glioma cell lines, and we report elevated PDPN protein levels in the subventricular zone of brain tissue sections of PTEN-deficient mice. In human glioma cells lacking functional PTEN, reintroduction of wild-type PTEN, inhibition of the PTEN downstream target protein kinase B/AKT, or interference with transcription factor AP-1 function resulted in efficient downregulation of PDPN expression. In addition, we observed hypoxia-dependent PDPN transcriptional control and demonstrated that PDPN expression is subject to negative transcriptional regulation by promoter methylation in human GB and in glioma cell lines. Treatment of PTEN-negative glioma cells with demethylating agents induced expression of PDPN. Together, our findings show that increased PDPN expression in human GB is caused by loss of PTEN function and activation of the PI3K-AKT-AP-1 signaling pathway, accompanied by epigenetic regulation of PDPN promoter activity. Silencing of PDPN expression leads to reduced proliferation and migration of glioma cells, suggesting a functional role of PDPN in glioma progression and malignancy. Thus, specific targeting of PDPN expression and/or function could be a promising strategy for the treatment of patients with primary GB.