gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Technical Correspondence (1981)

Processes: A Concurrent Programming Concept" [1] proposes language constructs for synchronization and communication among concurrent processes in real-time computer systems. The scheme is attractive, but several aspects of the proposal seem to have inherent weaknesses. In the hope of directing further research toward the correction of these deficiencies, the following comments are offered.
Detection of Normal and Paradoxical Splitting in Second Heart Sound (S2) using a Wearable Accelerometer Contact Microphone (2022)

Second heart sound (S2) splitting can potentially be used as an indicator for diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. One example is S2 paradoxical splitting, which can occur when the pulmonic sound (P2) occurs before the aortic sound (A2). However, current means of capturing S2 sounds are not sensitive enough for quantification of A2 and P2. In this paper, we present that S2 's acoustic signatures can be captured accurately using a wearable hermetically sealed sensitive accelerometer contact microphone (ACM) MEMS device. Smoothed Pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution is used to extract the S2 splitting interval. This methodology has been used to capture S2 splitting from patients with varying BMI and used to identify paradoxical splitting from patients with known heart diseases such as aortic stenosis.
Development and Application of a Downhole Corrosion Prediction Model (2016)

Abstract Corrosion models used in the oil and gas industry are generally aimed at conditions found in pipelines and topside facilities at moderate temperatures and pressures where ideal behavior and solubility for gases can be assumed. The conditions downhole in wells can be very different, inherently at high temperatures and pressures, especially in deep wells. Ideal gas and liquid behavior no longer applies. A corrosion model was developed to take into account the non-ideality that can be found in production through downhole tubing. In this model, Peng-Robinson equation of state replaces the ideal gas assumption, and fugacity is used rather than partial pressures. Henry’s law was replaced by Duan’s models to calculate solubility of CO2 and H2S for higher range of temperatures and pressures. Furthermore, the Pitzer activity model is used to account for non-ideality of the concentration of ionic species in the water phase. The model was tested against lab data, compared with other corrosion models and then finally to field experience. The model shows an improvement from similar models that don’t take non-ideality into an account and it can provide the user with increased understanding of downhole corrosion. The interface is adapted for common well data and is user friendly.
Near-ultraviolet micro-Raman study of diamond grown on GaN (2016)

Ultraviolet (UV) micro-Raman measurements are reported of diamond grown on GaN using chemical vapor deposition. UV excitation permits simultaneous investigation of the diamond (D) and disordered carbon (DC) comprising the polycrystalline layer. From line scans of a cross-section along the diamond growth direction, the DC component of the diamond layer is found to be highest near the GaN-on-diamond interface and diminish with characteristic length scale of ∼3.5 μm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the diamond near the interface confirms the presence of DC. Combined micro-Raman and TEM are used to develop an optical method for estimating the DC volume fraction.
Concepts and Techniques to Prevent Cervical Spine Deformity After Spine Surgery: A Narrative Review (2023)

Adult cervical spine deformity is associated with decreased health-related quality of life, disability, and myelopathy. A number of radiographic parameters help to characterize cervical deformity and aid in the diagnosis and treatment. There are several etiologies for cervical spine deformity, the most common being iatrogenic. Additionally, spine surgery can accelerate adjacent segment degeneration which may lead to deformity. It is therefore important for all spine surgeons to be aware of the potential to cause iatrogenic cervical deformity. The aim of this review is to highlight concepts and techniques to prevent cervical deformity after spine surgery.
Tubulin Tail Sequences and Post-translational Modifications Regulate Closure of Mitochondrial Voltage-dependent Anion Channel (VDAC) (2015)

It was previously shown that tubulin dimer interaction with the mitochondrial outer membrane protein voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) blocks traffic through the channel and reduces oxidative metabolism and that this requires the unstructured anionic C-terminal tail peptides found on both α- and β-tubulin subunits. It was unclear whether the α- and β-tubulin tails contribute equally to VDAC blockade and what effects might be due to sequence variations in these tail peptides or to tubulin post-translational modifications, which mostly occur on the tails. The nature of the contribution of the tubulin body beyond acting as an anchor for the tails had not been clarified either. Here we present peptide-protein chimeras to address these questions. These constructs allow us to easily combine a tail peptide with different proteins or combine different tail peptides with a particular protein. The results show that a single tail grafted to an inert protein is sufficient to produce channel closure similar to that observed with tubulin. We show that the β-tail is more than an order of magnitude more potent than the α-tail and that the lower α-tail activity is largely due to the presence of a terminal tyrosine. Detyrosination activates the α-tail, and activation is reversed by the removal of the glutamic acid penultimate to the tyrosine. Nitration of tyrosine reverses the tyrosine inhibition of binding and even induces prolonged VDAC closures. Our results demonstrate that small changes in sequence or post-translational modification of the unstructured tails of tubulin result in substantial changes in VDAC closure.
ChemInform Abstract: C‐H Bond Activation of Aldimine by Rh(I): New Synthesis of β,γ‐Unsaturated Ketone from Aldehyde Through Iminoacylrhodium(III)‐η3‐allyl Complexes. (1990)

Abstract The synthesis of the β,γ‐unsaturated ketones (VIII) according to the scheme demonstrates that it is possible to synthesize these ketones from the aldehyde PhCHO by C‐H bond activation of aldimine (III), a subsequent hydride addition into coordinated diolefins, and hydrolysis of the β,γ‐unsaturated ketimine (VII) formed from the reductive elimination of iminoacyl‐Rh(III)‐η3‐allyl complexes (VI).
Deep trap analysis in green light emitting diodes: Problems and solutions (2019)

Some green light emitting diodes (LEDs) based on GaN/InGaN multiquantum-well (MQW) structures exhibit strong frequency and temperature dependence of capacitance and prominent changes in capacitance–voltage profiles with temperature that make it difficult to obtain reliable deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) measurements. DLTS performed at low probing signal frequency and with constant capacitance between the measurements by controlling applied bias mitigates these issues. This allows measurement of deep electron and hole traps in specific quantum wells (QWs) in the MQW structure. The dominant electron and hole traps detected have levels near Ec− (0.45–0.5) eV and Ev+ (0.6–0.63) eV. Their density increases significantly after aging for a long period (2120 h) at high driving current and elevated temperature. The reason for the observed anomalies in DLTS spectra of these green LEDs is the high density of states in the QWs with activation energies near 0.08, 0.12–0.14, and 0.3 eV, detected in admittance spectra, and, for the 0.08 eV and 0.3 eV, these states are likely related to defects.
Anti-inflammatory Activity of an Orange Peel Polymethoxylated Flavone, 3′,4′,3,5,6,7,8-Heptamethoxyflavone, in the Rat Carrageenan/Paw Edema and Mouse Lipopolysaccharide-Challenge Assays (2008)

The anti-inflammatory properties of 3',4',3,5,6,7,8-heptamethoxyflavone (HMF), a citrus polymethoxylated flavone, were studied in the bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenge/tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) response in mice and in the carrageenan/paw edema assay in rats. In each of these trials, HMF administered by intraperitoneal (ip) injection exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, whereas HMF administered orally (po) produced no effects. The inhibition observed in the LPS-challenge/TNFalpha assay correlated with the HMF levels in the blood sera of mice dosed (ip) with either 33 or 100 mg/kg body weight. Low levels of HMF (0.035 +/- 0.024 ppm) were detected in the blood sera of mice dosed orally [100 mg of HMF (suspended in vegetable oil)/kg], whereas ip injection led to higher levels (0.517 +/- 0.051 ppm). This may account for the different levels of anti-inflammatory effects observed in mice following ip vs oral HMF administration. HMF metabolites, including a number of mono- and di-demethylated HMF metabolites and their glucuronic acid conjugates, were also detected, but results of these studies suggest that the glucuronidated metabolites of HMF are inactive in these inflammation models.
Hybrid GMP–polyamine hydrogels as new biocompatible materials for drug encapsulation (2020)

Here we present the preparation and characterization of new biocompatible materials for drug encapsulation. These new gels are based on positively charged [1+1] 1H-pyrazole-based azamacrocycles which minimise the electrostatic repulsions between the negatively charged GMP molecules. Rheological measurements confirm the electroneutral hydrogel structure as the most stable for all the GMP-polyamine systems. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was employed to investigate the kinetics of the hydrogel formation and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) was used to obtain information about the hydrogel morphology, which exhibited a non-homogeneous structure with a high degree of cross-linking. It is possible to introduce isoniazid, which is the most employed antibiotic for tuberculosis treatment, into the hydrogels without disrupting the hydrogel structure at appropriate concentrations for oral administration.
A General Strategy for the Synthesis of Hierarchically Ordered Metal–Organic Frameworks with Tunable Macro‐, Meso‐, and Micro‐Pores (2022)

Hierarchically ordered porous materials with tailored and inter-connected macro-, meso-, and micro-pores would facilitate the heterogeneous adsorption and catalysis processes for a wide range of applications but remain a challenge for synthetic chemists. Here, a general and efficient strategy for the synthesis of inverse opal metal-organic frameworks (IO MOFs) with a tunable size of macro-, meso-, and micro-pores is reported. The strategy is based on the step-wise template formation, precursor infiltration, solvo-thermal reaction, and chemical etching. As a proof of the general applicability of this strategy, a series of inverse opal zirconium-based MOFs with intrinsic micro- and/or meso-pores, including UiO-66, MOF-808, NU-1200, NU-1000 and PCN-777, and tunable macropores (1 µm, 2 µm, 3 µm, 5 µm, and 10 µm), have been prepared with outstanding yields. These IO MOFs demonstrate significantly enhanced absorption rates and faster initial hydrolysis rates for organophosphorus (OPs) aggregates compared to those of the pristine MOFs. This work paves the way for the further development of hierarchically ordered MOFs for advanced applications.
Chapter 12: Modelling the effects of environmental stress on weight gain in pigs (2022)

Many aspects of environmental conditions can reduce the health and welfare of pigs, and hence their weight gain, but because of the many interactions involved, critical levels are hard to determine that are applicable across a range of farms. We monitored a range of environmental parameters on two farms and demonstrated how generalised linear regression models could be used to determine the critical environmental parameters affecting weight gain. Lag effects and cumulative effects over time were included in the models. The models demonstrated that reasonable predictions of weight gain were possible on both farms from the environmental variables. On one farm ammonia interactions with temperature were most influential, on the second, carbon dioxide accumulation was most influential. The study demonstrates the value of recording environmental variables at the individual farm level, which when coupled with modelling of the impact on growth, could provide significant improvements in pig performance.
Does Revision Hip Arthroscopy Result in Improved Clinical Outcomes? - A 2-Year Clinical Follow-up On All Revision Hip Arthroscopies Performed at a High Volume Referral Center (2015)

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes, pain, and patient satisfaction following revision hip arthroscopy at a high volume referral center with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Methods: During the study period, April 2008 to October 2011, data was prospectively collected on all patients undergoing revision hip arthroscopy. All patients were assessed pre- and post-operatively with 4 patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures: the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Non-Arthritic Hip Score (NAHS), Hip Outcome Score-Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL), and Hip Outcome Score-Sport Specific Subscales (HOS-SSS). Pain was estimated on the visual analog scale (VAS). Patient satisfaction was measured on a scale from 0 to 10. Results: Eighty-seven patients underwent revision hip arthroscopy during the study period. Seventy (80.5%) patients were included in our study. In terms of residual FAI morphology, 45.7% of patients had preoperative alpha angles ≥55 degrees and 7.14% of patients had a LCEA ≥40 degrees. The score improvement from preoperative to 2-year follow-up was 57.84 to 73.65 for mHHS, 62.79 to 83.04 for HOS-ADL, 37.33 to 54.93 for HOS-SSS, 55.65 to 70.79 for NAHS. VAS decreased from 6.72 preoperatively to 4.08 postoperatively. All scores demonstrated statistically significant improvement (P&lt;.001). Overall patient satisfaction was 7.67. Our success rate was 74.58% for primary revision hip arthroscopy and 100% for secondary revision hip arthroscopy. Ten (14.29%) patients underwent total hip arthroplasty during the study period. Our hip survivorship was 85.7%. Five (7.14%) patients underwent secondary revision hip arthroscopy during the study period. We found an overall minor complication rate of 10%. Conclusion: Revision hip arthroscopy for all procedures performed on aggregate has excellent clinical outcomes for all PROs and patient satisfaction scores at short-term follow-up. Patients should be counseled regarding the potential progression of degenerative change leading to arthroplasty, and the potential for revision surgery.
VISUALIZATION OF MICRO-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND XRD TEXTURE DATASETS USING VIRTUAL REALITY TOOLS. (2021)

Abstract not provided.
Performance Optimization of High Speed DACs Using DSP (2020)

DSP techniques that enhance the effective resolution of digital-to-analog converters (DACs) are presented. First, DACs that are limited by physical number of bits (PNOB) are addressed. An improved digital-resolution-enhancer (DRE) algorithm, which incorporates an optimized non-uniform quantization scheme is analytically analyzed and experimentally demonstrated. Improvement of up to 8 dB is shown, that enables 16QAM and 64QAM transmission using only 2 and 3 bits DACs, respectively. Furthermore, the DRE concept is elaborated to include additional practical DAC impairments such as timing jitter. Based on a generalized DAC model, we suggest an improved algorithm that increases the tolerance to jitter noise, termed as jitter-aware DRE (JA-DRE). The method is validated in numerical simulations, indicating substantial OSNR gain of <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">~</sub> 5 dB over non DSP enhanced DACs, and up to 2 dB over the previously proposed DRE algorithm.
The histone code in dementia: Transcriptional and chromatin plasticity fades away (2021)

With the aging of the population, Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia represent major challenges for health care systems globally. To date, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of dementia remain elusive, with a consequent negative impact in developing efficient disease modifiers. New exciting findings suggest that modulation of the histone code may influence transcriptional networks at the root of neuronal plasticity and cognitive performance. Although most of the current conclusions require further mechanistic evidence, it appears that chromatin perturbations actually correlate with Alzheimer's disease onset and progression. Thus, a better understanding of the epigenetic contribution to normal brain function and dementia pathogenesis may help to identify new epigenetic targets for the inhibition of disease trajectories associated with cognitive decline.
Toward Optimizing Electrode Configurations To Improve Myoelectric Pattern Recognition (2011)

Standard myoelectric control systems use carefully placed bipolar electrode pairs to provide independent myoelectric signals (MESs) for prosthesis control. Because myoelectric pattern recognition systems do not require isolated MESs, the two electrode poles used for each MES channel may be placed longitudinally along individual muscles or transversely across multiple muscles. In addition, each electrode pole can be combined with a number of additional poles to form multiple channels. However, practical issues limit the number of poles that can be used in clinical settings. In this study, we investigated classification error reduction and controllability improvements provided by a combination of transverse and longitudinal MES channels in two conditions: (1) a constant number of electrode poles, and (2) a constant number of MES channels. In both cases, we also investigated performance when the electrodes were slightly shifted from their original positions to evaluate sensitivity to electrode shift. We found that a combination of two transverse and two longitudinal electrode channels constructed from four poles significantly outperformed the individual performances of either two transverse or two longitudinal channels each constructed from four poles (p&lt;0.01). Using eight poles, we found that the best channel subset was always comprised of a combination of transverse and longitudinal channels. These results are important because the number and arrangement of poles and channels is a practical consideration for successful clinical implementation of myoelectric pattern recognition control.
Understanding the treatment benefit of hyperimmune anti-influenza intravenous immunoglobulin (Flu-IVIG) for severe human influenza (2023)

BACKGROUNDAntibody-based therapies for respiratory viruses are of increasing importance. The INSIGHT 006 trial administered anti-influenza hyperimmune intravenous immunoglobulin (Flu-IVIG) to patients hospitalized with influenza. Flu-IVIG treatment improved outcomes in patients with influenza B but showed no benefit for influenza A.METHODSTo probe potential mechanisms of Flu-IVIG utility, sera collected from patients hospitalized with influenza A or B viruses (IAV or IBV) were analyzed for antibody isotype/subclass and Fcγ receptor (FcγR) binding by ELISA, bead-based multiplex, and NK cell activation assays.RESULTSInfluenza-specific FcγR-binding antibodies were elevated in Flu-IVIG-infused IBV- and IAV-infected patients. In IBV-infected participants (n = 62), increased IgG3 and FcγR binding were associated with more favorable outcomes. Flu-IVIG therapy also improved the odds of a more favorable outcome in patients with low levels of anti-IBV Fc-functional antibody. Higher FcγR-binding antibody was associated with less favorable outcomes in IAV-infected patients (n = 50), and Flu-IVIG worsened the odds of a favorable outcome in participants with low levels of anti-IAV Fc-functional antibody.CONCLUSIONThese detailed serological analyses provide insights into antibody features and mechanisms required for a successful humoral response against influenza, suggesting that IBV-specific, but not IAV-specific, antibodies with Fc-mediated functions may assist in improving influenza outcome. This work will inform development of improved influenza immunotherapies.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov NCT02287467.FUNDINGFunding for this research was provided by subcontract 13XS134 under Leidos Biomedical Research Prime Contract HHSN261200800001E and HHSN261201500003I, NCI/NIAID.
Laparoscopic Versus Open Cytoreductive Nephrectomy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (2005)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Urolithiasis, Endourology and Laparoscopy1 May 2005Laparoscopic Versus Open Cytoreductive Nephrectomy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Ralph V. ClaymanM.D. Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)60613-1AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Laparoscopic Versus Open Cytoreductive Nephrectomy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma." The Journal of Urology, 173(5), pp. 1532–1533 © 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 5May 2005Page: 1532-1533 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Immunomodulatory Effects of Glutathione, Garlic Derivatives, and Hydrogen Sulfide (2019)

Glutathione and aged garlic extract are sulfur-containing products that play important protective and regulatory roles within the immune system and in oxidative processes. Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), an endogenous, gaseous, signaling transmitter, has also been shown to be involved in the regulation of inflammation. Recent studies have shown that sulfur-containing compounds from garlic have beneficial effects in attenuating outcomes associated with cardiovascular disease and inflammation by a mechanism that may be related to the H₂S signaling pathway. In this review, we summarize the main functions of glutathione (GSH), garlic derivatives and H₂S and their role in the immune response and impact on health and disease.