gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of TaqMan reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis and serologic testing to eliminate an enzootic infection of mouse hepatitis virus. (2002)

Elimination of an enzootic infection of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) from a large population of genetically engineered mice was accomplished by selecting seropositive, non-infective breeders for a newly restored MHV-free breeding colony. An ELISA was used to test for the presence of MHV-specific antibody, and TaqMan reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was used to detect MHV in the feces. After 10 weeks of intentional exposure, approximately 30% of mice with MHV antibodies continued to shed MHV in the feces. A natural transmission study was conducted to validate that positive fecal RT-PCR results indicated presence of infective virus. Sentinel results from the re-instituted breeding colony indicated that MHV was successfully eliminated by use of RT-PCR analysis for selection of non-infective mice.
Dynamics of fragmented geomaterials with rotations (2017)

An important feature of fragmented geomaterials and fragmented structures is the possibility of mutual rotations of the fragments leading to rotational oscillations. In the process of the oscillations, the fragments impact each other. Partial restitution of the impacts causes dissipation of kinetic energy into heat. This dynamics can be reproduced mathematically using a linear oscillator, i.e. a single mass connected to a stationary object by a linear spring, coupled with a condition on energy dissipation occurring at the neutral points (zero force, maximum velocity) of the mass trajectory. As a result of the presence of energy dissipation, which is characterised by a restitution coefficient, this linear system is converted into nonlinear. Our numerical modelling reveals that the system demonstrates chaotic behaviour in some values of the restitution coefficient, a ratio of the force frequency to the natural frequency and the initial phase. The conditions of non-chaotic and chaotic behaviour are formulated. The obtained results will be used for modelling energy absorption in oscillations and wave propagation in fragmented geomaterials and structures.
Revision lumbar surgery in elderly patients with symptomatic pseudarthrosis, adjacent-segment disease, or same-level recurrent stenosis. Part 2. A cost-effectiveness analysis (2012)

Revision decompression and fusion provided a significant gain in health state utility for elderly patients with symptomatic pseudarthrosis, same-level recurrent stenosis, or ASD, with a mean 2-year cost of $80,594 per QALY gained. When indicated, revision surgery for symptomatic ASD, same-level recurrent stenosis, and pseudarthrosis is a valuable treatment option for elderly patients experiencing persistent back and leg pain. Findings in this study provided a value measure of surgery that can be compared with future cost-per-QALY-gained studies of medical management or alternative surgical approaches.
Box and Match Techniques Applied to Soft-Decision Decoding (2004)

In this paper, we improve the ordered statistics decoding algorithm by using matching techniques. This allows us: to reduce the worst case complexity of decoding (the error performance being fixed) or to improve the error performance (for a same complexity); to reduce the ratio between average complexity and worst case complexity; to achieve practically optimal decoding of rate-1/2 codes of lengths up to 128 (rate-1/2 codes are a traditional benchmark, for coding rates different from 1/2, the decoding is easier); to achieve near-optimal decoding of a rate-1/2 code of length 192, which could never be performed before.
An LMMSE receiver structure and performance in WCDMA uplink (2003)

A modular LMMSE receiver for the 3GPP WCDMA FDD shortcode option is presented. The LMMSE receiver is implemented with a separate signal processing module placed in front of a conventional detector. The structure, algorithms, numerical aspects, complexity and the performance of the receiver are studied. In performance simulations conforming to 3GPP Rel'99 physical layer specifications the receiver is found to provide a 0.5 - 1 dB gain over the conventional detector in the studied cases.
Publisher Correction: Deciphering photocarrier dynamics for tuneable high-performance perovskite-organic semiconductor heterojunction phototransistors (2020)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Correlation between serum hepatocyte growth factor level and percutaneous coronary balloon angioplasty: An alternative mechanism of reduction in restenosis with citostazol (2001)

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a potent endothelium specific growth factor and cilostazol reduces restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary balloon angioplasty (PTCA). To investigate the correlation between HGF and PTCA, values of serum HGF were serially examined by angiographic follow-up for 3 months in 100 patients who underwent PTCA, and for 1 week in 49 patients who underwent coronary angiography (CAG). Of the PTCA group, 36 patients received cilostazol (200 mg/day) and 64 were given aspirin (250 mg/day). Angiographic restenosis was defined as ≥ 50% diameter stenosis (DS) at follow-up angiography. Although HGF values did not change after CAG, they increased 2 days after PTCA (0.37 ± 0.12 ng/mL; p < 0.0001 vs. 0.32 ± 0.11 at baseline, p = 0.0004 vs. 0.30 ± 0.09 ng/mL of the CAG group). The HGF values until 1 week after PTCA was similar between the cilostazol and aspirin sub-groups. However, the values 1 month and 3 months after PTCA were significantly lower in the cilostazol (0.29 ± 0.08 vs. 0.34 ± 0.10 ng/mL; p = 0.012, and 0.31 ± 0.09 vs. 0.35 ± 0.10 ng/mL; p = 0.037), than in the aspirin sub-group. Follow-up angiography revealed a significantly lower DS (37.2 ± 16.2% vs. 45.6 ± 18.5%; p = 0.009) associated with a reduced restenosis rate (16.0% vs. 37.5%; p = 0.008) in the cilostazol sub-group. These data suggest systemic HGF regulation is provoked after PTCA and the subsequent change in the serum HGF level is associated with restenosis.
Electrochemical Detection of Vibrio cholerae by Amine Functionalized Biocompatible Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles (2023)

Herein, we report the biocompatible amine-functionalized gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs) for the possibility of electrochemical detection of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> (<i>Vc</i>) cells. The microwave irradiation process is applied to synthesize Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs. The amine (NH<sub>2</sub>) functionalization is carried out via overnight stirring with 3(Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) at 55 °C. The size of NPs amine functionalized APETS@Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs are determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). APETS@Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs are further electrophoretically deposited onto indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate to obtain working electrode surface. The monoclonal antibodies (anti-CT) specific to cholera toxin associated to <i>Vc</i> cells are covalently immobilized onto the above electrodes using EDC-NHS chemistry and further BSA is added to obtain the BSA/anti-CT/APETS@Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/ITO immunoelectrode. Further, this immunoelectrode shows the response for cells in CFU range from 3.125 × 10<sup>6</sup> to 30 × 10<sup>6</sup> and is very selective with sensitivity and LOD 5.07 mA CFUs mL cm<sup>-2</sup> and 0.9375 × 10<sup>6</sup> CFU respectively. To establish a future potential for APTES@Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs in field of biomedical applications and cytosensing, the effect of APTES@Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs on mammalian cells is also observed using in vitro cytotoxicity assay and cell cycle analysis.
An Explosion of Power Cords (2017)

Ever feel like you need a separate suitcase when you travel just for the power cords of your many devices? If we can envision a day when there are billions of connected devices, then we must also envision a day when power isn't such a massive inconvenience.
Characterization of Fuel Blends by GC-MS and Multi-Way Chemometric Tools (2006)

Discrimination of fuel types in mixtures is a common need in remediation of fuel spills and the examination of fuel contamination issues. Available methods for performing these types of discrimination analyses generally rely on either spectroscopic or chromatographic analyses. However, these methods are limited when the compositions of the components of a mixture are very similar. In this study we have shown that many of these limitations can be overcome by including the additional dimension of compositional information provided by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Multidimensional chemometric techniques were successfully used to analyze GC-MS data to unravel multi-component properties of fuel blends. Both qualitative and quantitative features were derived from a series of diesel fuel and heavier heating oil blends.
Clinical application of D-dimer in Kawasaki Disease (2007)

Purpose : Vascular endothelial cell damage and alteration of a fibrinolytic system was suggested to play a role in the development of coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki disease (KD). D-dimer is one of the markers of endothelial damage and fibrinolysis. We evaluated the clinical usefulness of D- dimer to differentiate KD from other febrile diseases and predict coronary artery abnormalities in KD. Methods : Sixty eight patients diagnosed as KD and twenty eight patients presented with acute febrile illnesses other than KD from September 2005 to July 2006 were included. Blood levels of D- dimer and various inflammatory markers were measured before treatment and the clinical course of KD was followed. Serial echocardiography was performed at the onset of disease and thereafter at a monthly interval for at least 2 months. Results : KD patients showed a higher D-dimer level than febrile controls, but the difference was not significant (1.21±0.77 mg/mL vs 0.92±0.71 mg/mL, P=0.083). Neither was the difference between KD patients who had coronary artery abnormalities and those who had not (1.49±0.98 mg/mL vs 1.15±0.71 mg/mL, P=0.169). D-dimer was significantly correlated with other inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in both KD patients and febrile controls. Conclusion : D-dimer was not specific for KD. But it may be useful as an inflammatory marker to assess the severity of KD.
Studying the Usage of Text-To-Text Transfer Transformer to Support\n Code-Related Tasks (2021)

Deep learning (DL) techniques are gaining more and more attention in the\nsoftware engineering community. They have been used to support several\ncode-related tasks, such as automatic bug fixing and code comments generation.\nRecent studies in the Natural Language Processing (NLP) field have shown that\nthe Text-To-Text Transfer Transformer (T5) architecture can achieve\nstate-of-the-art performance for a variety of NLP tasks. The basic idea behind\nT5 is to first pre-train a model on a large and generic dataset using a\nself-supervised task ( e.g: filling masked words in sentences). Once the model\nis pre-trained, it is fine-tuned on smaller and specialized datasets, each one\nrelated to a specific task ( e.g: language translation, sentence\nclassification). In this paper, we empirically investigate how the T5 model\nperforms when pre-trained and fine-tuned to support code-related tasks. We\npre-train a T5 model on a dataset composed of natural language English text and\nsource code. Then, we fine-tune such a model by reusing datasets used in four\nprevious works that used DL techniques to: (i) fix bugs, (ii) inject code\nmutants, (iii) generate assert statements, and (iv) generate code comments. We\ncompared the performance of this single model with the results reported in the\nfour original papers proposing DL-based solutions for those four tasks. We show\nthat our T5 model, exploiting additional data for the self-supervised\npre-training phase, can achieve performance improvements over the four\nbaselines.\n
Location-Awareness for Failure Management in Cellular Networks: An Integrated Approach (2021)

Recent years have seen the proliferation of different techniques for outdoor and, especially, indoor positioning. Still being a field in development, localization is expected to be fully pervasive in the next few years. Although the development of such techniques is driven by the commercialization of location-based services (e.g., navigation), its application to support cellular management is considered to be a key approach for improving its resilience and performance. When different approaches have been defined for integrating location information into the failure management activities, they commonly ignore the increase in the dimensionality of the data as well as their integration into the complete flow of networks failure management. Taking this into account, the present work proposes a complete integrated approach for location-aware failure management, covering the gathering of network and positioning data, the generation of metrics, the reduction in the dimensionality of such data, and the application of inference mechanisms. The proposed scheme is then evaluated by system-level simulation in ultra-dense scenarios, showing the capabilities of the approach to increase the reliability of the supported diagnosis process as well as reducing its computational cost.
Bicuspid Aortic Valve Stenosis: From Pathophysiological Mechanism, Imaging Diagnosis, to Clinical Treatment Methods (2022)

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most frequent congenital anomaly and has a natural evolution toward aortic regurgitation or stenosis due to the asymmetrical valve function associated with an evolutive ascending aortopathy. Several BAV classifications exist describing the presence and number of raphe, amount and location of calcium, and the symmetry of the functional cusps. The impact of BAV morphology on transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) outcomes still remains little investigated. Pivotal randomized trials comparing TAVI with surgery have excluded BAV until yet. However, data from registries and observational studies including highly selected patients have shown promising results of TAVI in BAV. With this review, we aimed at describing anatomical and pathophysiological characteristics of BAV, discussing the main aspects to assess diagnostic imaging modalities, and giving an overview of TAVI outcomes and technical considerations specific to BAV morphology.
Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs predicts improved patient survival for <i>PIK3CA</i>-altered head and neck cancer (2019)

<i>PIK3CA</i> is the most commonly altered oncogene in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We evaluated the impact of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on survival in a <i>PIK3CA</i>-characterized cohort of 266 HNSCC patients and explored the mechanism in relevant preclinical models including patient-derived xenografts. Among subjects with <i>PIK3CA</i> mutations or amplification, regular NSAID use (≥6 mo) conferred markedly prolonged disease-specific survival (DSS; hazard ratio 0.23, P = 0.0032, 95% CI 0.09-0.62) and overall survival (OS; hazard ratio 0.31, P = 0.0043, 95% CI 0.14-0.69) compared with nonregular NSAID users. For <i>PIK3CA</i>-altered HNSCC, predicted 5-yr DSS was 72% for NSAID users and 25% for nonusers; predicted 5-yr OS was 78% for regular NSAID users and 45% for nonregular users. <i>PIK3CA</i> mutation predicted sensitivity to NSAIDs in preclinical models in association with increased systemic PGE<sub>2</sub> production. These findings uncover a biologically plausible rationale to implement NSAID therapy in <i>PIK3CA</i>-altered HNSCC.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Exploiting Radiation-Induced Signaling to Increase the Susceptibility of Resistant Cancer Cells to Targeted Drugs: AKT and mTOR Inhibitors as an Example (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Densitometric analysis of basal protein expression and phosphorylation in DU145 and PC3 cells. Western blots of 3D-grown prostate cancer cell lines were evaluated with ImageJ. Phospho-protein expression was normalized to total protein expression. Results show mean {plus minus} SD (n = 3) (See also Figure 3A).&lt;/p&gt;
A 177–205 GHz 249 mW CMOS-Based Integer-N Frequency Synthesizer Module for Planetary Exploration (2018)

This letter discusses the development of a 177-205 GHz CMOS synthesizer module to support planetary science THz instrumentation. The developed synthesizer chip employs a CMOS system-on-chip device containing a 50 GHz phase-locked loop with programmable divider and both 100 and 200 GHz frequency doublers to provide the output carrier. The chip also contains a power sensor for calibration of output power and a dosimeter and thermometer for environmental monitoring of radiation and temperature. The chip is integrated into a board with a microcontroller and USB interface for providing frequency commands and sensor readback. The module is shown to deliver at least 10 μW across the 177-205 GHz lock range while consuming 249 mW of dc power.
Viral etiology and epidemiology of pediatric patients hospitalized for acute respiratory tract infections in Macao: a retrospective study from 2014 to 2017 (2021)

This is the first study in Macao to determine the viral etiology and epidemiology of pediatric patients hospitalized for ARIs. The study findings can contribute to the awareness of pathogen, appropriate preventative measure, accurate diagnosis, and proper clinical management of respiratory viral infections among children in Macao.
Use of Virtual Surgery and Stereolithography-Guided Osteotomy for Mandibular Reconstruction with the Free Fibula (2011)

Therapeutic, IV.
Pb<sup>2+</sup>On-Off Switchable 1,3-Alternate Calix[4]arene Chemosensor Containing Urea and Pyrene Moieties (2012)

E-mail: kcnam@chonnam.ac.krReceived May 16, 2012, Accepted June 24, 2012Key Words : Chemosensor, Excimer, Fluoride, CalixareneCalix[4]arenes, well-known macrocyclic molecules withalmost unlimited derivatization potential, possess a uniquethree-dimensional structure with outstanding shaping possibi-lities.
Addition of Berberine to 5-Aminosalicylic Acid for Treatment of Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Chronic Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice (2015)

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common chronic remitting disease but without satisfactory treatment. Alternative medicine berberine has received massive attention for its potential in UC treatment. Conventional therapies with the addition of berberine are becoming attractive as novel therapies in UC. In the present study, we investigated the preclinical activity of a conventional oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) therapy plus berberine in experimental colitis. A subclinical dose of 5-ASA (200 mg/kg/day) alone or 5-ASA plus berberine (20 mg/kg/day) was orally administered for 30 days to C57BL/6 mice with colitis induced by three cycles of 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The disease severity, inflammatory responses, drug accumulation and potential toxicity of colitis mice were examined. The results showed that comparing to 5-ASA alone, 5-ASA plus berberine more potently ameliorated DSS-induced disease severity, colon shortening, and colon histological injury. Further, the up-regulation in mRNA level of colonic TNF-α as well as NFκB and JAK2 phosphorylation caused by DSS were more pronouncedly reversed in animals treated with the combination therapy than those treated with 5-ASA alone. Moreover, the addition of berberine to 5-ASA more significantly inhibited lymphocyte TNF-α secretion of DSS mice than 5-ASA alone. In the meanwhile, no extra drug accumulation or potential toxicity to major organs of colitis mice was observed with this combination treatment. In summary, our studies provide preclinical rationale for the addition of berberine to 5-ASA as a promising therapeutic strategy in clinic by reducing dose of standard therapy.
Electron transport properties of sub-3-nm diameter copper nanowires (2015)

Density functional theory and density functional tight binding are applied to model electron transport in copper nanowires of approximately 1- and 3-nm diameters with varying crystal orientation and surface termination. The copper nanowires studied are found to be metallic irrespective of diameter, crystal orientation, and/or surface termination. Electron transmission is highly dependent on crystal orientation and surface termination. Nanowires oriented along the [110] crystallographic axis consistently exhibit the highest electron transmission while surface oxidized nanowires show significantly reduced electron transmission compared to unterminated nanowires. Transmission per unit area is calculated in each case; for a given crystal orientation we find that this value decreases with diameter for unterminated nanowires but is largely unaffected by diameter in surface oxidized nanowires for the size regime considered. Transmission pathway plots show that transmission is larger at the surface of unterminated nanowires than inside the nanowire and that transmission at the nanowire surface is significantly reduced by surface oxidation. Finally, we present a simple model which explains the transport per unit area dependence on diameter based on transmission pathways results.
Identification of passive shutdown system parameters in a metal fueled LMR (1992)

This document discusses periodic testing of the passive shutdown system in a metal fueled liquid metal reactor which has been proposed as a Technical Specification requirement. In the approach to testing considered in this paper, perturbation experiments performed at normal operation are used to predict an envelope that bounds reactor response to flowrate, inlet temperature and external reactivity forcing functions. When the envelope for specific upsets lies within safety limits, one concludes that the passive shutdown system is operation properly for those upsets. Simulation results for the EBR-II reactor show that the response envelope for loss of flow and rod reactivity insertion events does indeed bound these events.
Phytic Acid and Inorganic Phosphate Composition in Soybean Lines with Independent IPK1 Mutations (2015)

Soybean seeds contain a large amount of P, which is stored as phytic acid (PA). Phytic acid is indigestible by nonruminant livestock and considered an antinutritional factor in soybean meal. Several low PA soybean lines have been discovered, but many of these lines have either minor reductions in PA or inadequate germination and emergence. The reduced PA phenotype of soybean line Gm-lpa-ZC-2 was previously shown to be the result of a mutation in a gene encoding an inositol pentakisphosphate 2-kinase on chromosome 14 (14IPK1). While the 14IPK1 mutation was shown to have no impact on germination and emergence, the reduction in PA was modest (up to 50%). Our objective was to determine the effect on seed P partitioning for a novel mutation of an independent IPK1 gene on chromosome six (06IPK1) on its own and in combination with mutant alleles of the 14IPK1. We developed soybean populations and conducted genotype and phenotype association analyses based on the genotype of the 06IPK1 and 14IPK1 genes and the seed P partitioning profile. The lines with both mutant IPK1 genes had very low PA levels, moderate accumulation of inorganic phosphate (Pi), and accumulation of high amounts of P in lower inositols. The developed lines did not have significant reductions in germination or field emergence. In addition, characterization of the lower inositols produced in the mutant lines suggests that IPK1 is a polyphosphate kinase and provides some insight into the PA biosynthesis pathway in soybean seeds.