gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Clinical Meaningfulness of Endpoints in the Generation Program by the Insights to Model Alzheimer's Progression in Real Life (iMAP) Study (2019)

We are launching the Insights to Model Alzheimer's Progression in Real Life study in parallel with the Alzheimer Prevention Initiative Generation Program. This is a 5-year, multinational, prospective, longitudinal, non-interventional cohort study that will collect data across the spectrum of Alzheimer's disease. The primary objective is to assess the ability of the Alzheimer's Prevention Initiative Cognitive Composite Test Score and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status to predict clinically meaningful outcomes such as diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment or dementia due to Alzheimer's disease, and change in Clinical Dementia Rating - Global Score. This study is the first large-scale, prospective effort to establish the clinical meaningfulness of cognitive test scores that track longitudinal decline in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. This study is also expected to contribute to our understanding of the relationships among outcomes in different stages of Alzheimer's disease as well as models of individual trajectories during the course of the disease.
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis and High Strain‐Rate Energy Absorption Characteristics of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Woven Fiber‐Glass Composites (2015)

The dynamic mechanical behavior and energy absorption characteristics of nano‐enhanced functionally graded composites, consisting of 3 layers of vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) forests grown on woven fiber‐glass (FG) layer and embedded within 10 layers of woven FG, with polyester (PE) and polyurethane (PU) resin systems (FG/PE/VACNT and FG/PU/VACNT) are investigated and compared with the baseline materials, FG/PE and FG/PU (i.e., without VACNT). A Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA) was used for obtaining the mechanical properties. It was found that FG/PE/VACNT exhibited a significantly lower flexural stiffness at ambient temperature along with higher damping loss factor over the investigated temperature range compared to the baseline material FG/PE. For FG/PU/VACNT, a significant increase in flexural stiffness at ambient temperature along with a lower damping loss factor was observed with respect to the baseline material FG/PU. A Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) was used to evaluate the energy absorption and strength of specimens under high strain‐rate compression loading. It was found that the specific energy absorption increased with VACNT layers embedded in both FG/PE and FG/PU. The compressive strength also increased with the addition of VACNT forest layers in FG/PU; however, it did not show an improvement for FG/PE.
Bioengineered Approach to the Design of a Fat Graft Based on Mathematical Modeling that Predicts Oxygen Delivery (2019)

A systematic bioengineered approach may help better design a fat graft. Applying principles of mass transfer theory can predict whether a fat graft has a favorable chance of surviving from an oxygen delivery standpoint and can direct the development of strategies for improved fat graft oxygenation.
Further developments on a novel color sensitive CMOS detector (2009)

The Transverse Field Detector (TFD) is a recently proposed Silicon pixel device designed to perform color imaging without the use of color filters. The color detection principle is based on the dependence of the Silicon absorption coefficient from the wavelength and relies on the generation of a suitable transverse electric field configuration, within the semiconductor active layer, to drive photocarriers generated at different depths towards different collecting electrodes. Each electrode has in this way a different spectral response with respect to the incoming wavelength. Pixels with three or four different spectral responses can be implemented within ~ 6 &mu;m of pixel dimension. Thanks to the compatibility with standard triple well CMOS processes, the TFD can be used in an Active Pixel Sensor exploiting a dedicated readout topology, based on a single transistor charge amplifier. The overall APS electronics includes five transistors (5T) and a feedback capacitance, with a resulting overall fill factor around 50%. In this work the three colors and four colors TFD pixel simulations and implementations in a 90 nm standard CMOS triple well technology are described. Details on the design of a TFD APS mini matrix are provided and preliminary experimental results on four colors pixels are presented.
Abstract LB-062: Evaluation of drug conjugation sites in an anti-EGFR Centyrin (2016)

Abstract Centyrins are engineered alternative scaffold proteins that combine the affinity and specificity of antibodies with increased tissue penetration and simplified manufacturing. To identify optimal positions for chemical conjugation within the Centyrin scaffold, the crystal structure of an anti-EGFR Centyrin was solved and a library consisting of all possible single-cysteine variants was constructed and assessed for expression level in E. coli, efficiency of conjugation to maleimide derivatives, protein aggregation, thermostability, and EGFR binding. The best variants were conjugated to cytotoxic drugs and compared in a cell-killing assay. Three optimal positions were identified at which the Centyrin conjugated efficiently to maleimides; retained high expression, antigen binding, and biophysical properties; and showed increased cell-killing potency relative to the parent molecule. Citation Format: Rosa Cardoso, Shalom Goldberg, Tricia Lin, Tracy Spinka-Doms, Donna Klein, Steven Jacobs, Gary Gilliland, Karyn O’Neil. Evaluation of drug conjugation sites in an anti-EGFR Centyrin. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-062.
Anionic Polymerization Behavior of α‐Methylene‐<i>N</i>‐methylpyrrolidone (2013)

Abstract Anionic polymerization of α‐methylene‐ N ‐methylpyrrolidone ( MMP ) was carried out in THF at −78∼0 °C with diphenylmethylpotassium (Ph 2 CHK) and with diphenylmethyllithium (Ph 2 CHLi) in the presence of Lewis acidic diethylzinc (Et 2 Zn). Poly( MMP )s possessing predicted molecular weights based on the molar ratios between monomer and initiators and narrow molecular weight distributions ( M w / M n &lt; 1.1) were obtained in quantitative yields. It was demonstrated that the propagating chain end of poly( MMP ) was stable at −30 °C to form the polymers with well‐defined chain structures. From the polymerizations at the various temperatures ranging from −50 to −30 °C, the apparent rate constant and the activation energy of the polymerization were estimated as follows: ln k = −6.93 × 10 3 /T + 25.7 and 57 ± 5 kJ mol −1 , respectively.
Development of Bioepoxy Resin Microencapsulated Ammonium-Polyphosphate for Flame Retardancy of Polylactic Acid (2019)

Ammonium-polyphosphate (APP) was modified by microencapsulation with a bio-based sorbitol polyglycidyl ether (SPE)-type epoxy resin and used as a flame retardant additive in polylactic acid (PLA) matrix. The bioresin-encapsulated APP (MCAPP) particles were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman mapping, particle size distribution was determined by processing of scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images. Interaction between the APP core and the bioresin shell was revealed by combined thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)‑FTIR spectroscopy. The APP to SPE mass ratio of 10 to 2 was found to be optimal in terms of thermal, flammability, and mechanical properties of 15 wt% additive containing biocomposites. The bioresin shell effectively promotes the charring of the APP-loaded PLA composites, as found using TGA and cone calorimetry, and eliminates the flammable dripping of the specimens during the UL-94 vertical burning tests. Thus, the V-0 rating, the increased limiting oxygen index, and the 20% reduced peak of the heat release rate was reached compared to the effects of neat APP. Furthermore, better interfacial interaction of the MCAPP with PLA was indicated by differential scanning calorimetry and SEM observation. The stiff interphase resulted in increased modulus of these composites. Besides, microencapsulation provided improved water resistance to the flame retardant biopolymer system.
S100A9-induced overexpression of PD-1/PD-L1 contributes to ineffective hematopoiesis in myelodysplastic syndromes (2019)

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are characterized by dysplastic and ineffective hematopoiesis that can result from aberrant expansion and activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) within the bone marrow (BM) niche. MDSCs produce S100A9, which mediates premature death of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). The PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint impairs immune responses by inducing T-cell exhaustion and apoptosis, but its role in MDS is uncharacterized. Here we report an increased expression of PD-1 on HSPCs and PD-L1 on MDSCs in MDS versus healthy donors, and that this checkpoint is also activated in S100A9 transgenic (S100A9Tg) mice, and by treatment of BM mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) with S100A9. Further, MDS BM-MNC treated with recombinant PD-L1 underwent cell death, suggesting that the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction contributes to HSPC death in MDS. In accordance with this notion, PD-1/PD-L1 blockade restores effective hematopoiesis and improves colony-forming capacity in BM-MNC from MDS patients. Similar findings were observed in aged S100A9Tg mice. Finally, we demonstrate that c-Myc is required for S100A9-induced upregulation of PD-1/PD-L1, and that treatment of MDS HSPCs with anti-PD-1 antibody suppresses the expression of Myc target genes and increases the expression of hematopoietic pathway genes. We conclude anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 blocking strategies offer therapeutic promise in MDS in restoring effective hematopoiesis.
Radio resource management of self‐organizing OFDMA wireless mesh networks (2010)

Abstract Mesh networks with universal frequency reuse is expected to play an important role for future wireless system architecture, to provide ultra high throughput and seamless access via cooperative base stations (BSs), relays, and users. Different from traditional networks with central control, BSs should operate in a self‐organizing way (i) to support stable high‐throughput green communications (ii) to avoid inter/intra cell interference, and (iii) to implement in an ease and backward compatible way; and resource management is thus a critical step to satisfy (i), (ii), and (iii). We first systematically present radio resource management based on extensive literature survey. To optimize system performance, we develop the cognitive resource management for wireless mesh networks with self‐organizing BSs to utilize entire available spectrum, while BSs collect channel state information of each user by spectrum sensing. From numerical results, our resource management can significantly improve network throughput over the benchmark system, which suggests good potential for many wireless systems such as LTE‐A and WiMAX 2 that are adopting mesh network architecture, to achieve universal frequency reuse. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Strains in Magnetically Aligned Collagen Scaffolds as Determined by Displacement-Encoded MRI (2012)

Collagen is the most abundant structural protein in a broad range of tissues, including ligament, cartilage, and bone. Collagen-based tissue constructs, including those with defined fibril alignment, have shown considerable potential for repair and regeneration of diseased collagen-rich tissues [1,2], where fibril ultrastructure of constructs emulate the native tissue counterpart. Magnetic alignment of collagen is an established method to control fiber orientation without undesirable changes in molecular stability and structure [5]. To date, studies concerning the magnetic alignment of collagen have shown the ability of fibril alignment to drive preferential cell growth characteristics [6]. While the bulk mechanical characteristics due to alignment has been investigated in our laboratory (data not shown), the mechanical strain throughout the interior of the scaffolds has not been investigated. Knowledge of internal strains is required to determine the degree that fiber alignment affects spatiotemporal mechanics of microenvironments within the collagen structures. Spatially-dependent mechanics, which could be tailored based on unique fabrication methods that control fibril alignment in three dimensions, would be expected to directly influence local cell-matrix interactions.
Reversible photodegradation of organic-dye-based random lasers (2015)

We report on the observation of self-healing after photodegradation in several different organic-dye-doped polymer random lasers. For each material the lasing intensity is found to fully recover after the damaging beam is blocked.
Inflammatory M1-like macrophages polarized by NK-4 undergo enhanced phenotypic switching to an anti-inflammatory M2-like phenotype upon co-culture with apoptotic cells (2021)

It is postulated that the phenotypic switch from a proinflammatory M1-like phenotype to an anti-inflammatory M2-like phenotype is dysregulated due to impaired efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils at the wound site. Our results demonstrate that NK-4 improves phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic strategy to resolve sustained inflammation in chronic wounds.
Research progress of chlorine solid absorbent (2011)

The methods of chlorine solid absorbing and their disadvantages were recounted.The principles of powder choice and surface modify methods were introduced.Research progress of chlorine solid absorbent was reviewed.New research idea was proposed that solid absorbent of chlorine can be prepared by wet process,dry process,and load process.The chlorine solid absorbent prepared with these processes has the characteristics of high absorptivity,anti-caking,good air permeability and so on.
967: The Anatomic and Pathologic Characteristics of Irradiated Prostate Cancers May Influence the Oncologic Efficacy of Salvage Therapies (2006)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster, Monday, May 22, 2006, 3:30 - 5:30 pm1 Apr 2006967: The Anatomic and Pathologic Characteristics of Irradiated Prostate Cancers May Influence the Oncologic Efficacy of Salvage Therapies William C. Huang, Bobby Shayegan, Kentaro Kuroiwa, Fernando J. Bianco, Peter T. Scardino, and James A. Eastham William C. HuangWilliam C. Huang More articles by this author , Bobby ShayeganBobby Shayegan More articles by this author , Kentaro KuroiwaKentaro Kuroiwa More articles by this author , Fernando J. BiancoFernando J. Bianco More articles by this author , Peter T. ScardinoPeter T. Scardino More articles by this author , and James A. EasthamJames A. Eastham More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)33192-6AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "967: The Anatomic and Pathologic Characteristics of Irradiated Prostate Cancers May Influence the Oncologic Efficacy of Salvage Therapies." The Journal of Urology, 175(4S), p. 312 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175Issue 4SApril 2006Page: 312 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information William C. Huang More articles by this author Bobby Shayegan More articles by this author Kentaro Kuroiwa More articles by this author Fernando J. Bianco More articles by this author Peter T. Scardino More articles by this author James A. Eastham More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Morphology of Zinc Sulfide Particles Produced from Various Zinc Salts by Homogeneous Precipitation (1990)

Colloidal sols of ZnS were prepared by thermal decomposition of thioacetamide in acidic zinc solutions. Precipitation was carried out in the presence of nitrate, acetate, chloride, and sulfate ions. Particle morphology was influenced by the chemical nature of the anions present in the solution as well as the rate of sulfide ion generation. Spherical, monodisperse particles having a specific type of particle size distribution, i.e., monosized, bimodal, or continuous distribution, with mean sizes in the range of 0.15 to 3 μm, were formed depending on the anion type and sulfide ion generation rate. Individual particles always consisted of clusters of sphalerite crystallites except when sulfide ions were generated at low rates and sulfate ions were present. In such cases a mixture of α‐ and β‐ZnS was formed.
Local texture synthesis: A static texture coding algorithm fully compatible with HEVC (2015)

Textures are one of the main characteristics of the visual scene. Perceptually, their details are less important than their semantic meaning. This property has been exploited in many texture coding (content based video coding) approaches by removing parts of the textures in the encoder and synthesizing them at the decoder side. Such an approach would necessarily need modification of the coding process and violating the standard. This paper introduces a novel algorithm for texture coding called Local Texture Synthesis (LTS), in which texture synthesis is employed in a full compatibility with HEVC standard. This implies that a basic HEVC decoder can be used to reconstruct the signal. LTS defines the necessary conditions to synthesize a patch and produces different synthesis of it. It tries then coding each of them, and finally chooses the one that minimizes the coding cost. A prototype of this algorithm, based on Markov Random Fields, is given in this paper. This prototype provides up to 10% bitrate saving (using the same quantization parameter) while maintaining an equivalent visual quality.
Hypocenter distribution of the main- and aftershocks of the 2005 Off Miyagi Prefecture earthquake located by ocean bottom seismographic data (2006)

Abstract The preliminary hypocenter distribution of the 2005 Off Miyagi Prefecture earthquake and its aftershocks is estimated using data from five ocean bottom and six onshore seismic stations located around the rupture area of the earthquake. The epicenter of the mainshock is relocated at 38.17°N, 142.18°E, and the focal depth is estimated to be 37.5 km. The aftershocks surrounding the mainshock hypocenter form several clusters that are concentrated along a distinct landward dipping plane corresponding to the plate boundary imaged by the previous seismic experiment. The strike and dip angles of the plane agree well with those of the focal mechanism solution of the mainshock. The size of the plane is about 20×25 km 2 in the strike and dip directions, which is similar to that of the large coseismic slip area. The up-dip end of the planar distribution of the aftershocks corresponds to the bending point of the subducting oceanic plate, suggesting that the geometry of the plate boundary affects the spatial extent of the asperity of the 2005 earthquake
Integrated microprobe array and CMOS MEMS by TSV technology for bio-signal recording application (2014)

Bio-signal probes that provide stable observation with high-quality signals are crucial for understanding how the brain works and how the neural signal transmits. Because bio-signals are weak and noisy, the length of the string connecting the sensor and Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) circuit significantly impacts biosignal quality. The collected weak signals from the sensor must pass through a series of interconnections and interfaces that introduce noise and lead to bulky packaged systems. This work uses through-silicon via (TSV) technology to connect the μ-probe array bio-sensor and CMOS circuit located on opposite sides of a chip for brain neural sensing applications. With the elimination of wire bonding and the reduction of the soldering, bio-signal quality can be significantly improved.
Inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis cause Glut4 translocation and increase glucose uptake in adipocytes (2022)

Insulin stimulates glucose uptake in adipocytes by triggering translocation of glucose transporter 4-containg vesicles to the plasma membrane. Under basal conditions, these vesicles (IRVs for insulin-responsive vesicles) are retained inside the cell via a "static" or "dynamic" mechanism. We have found that inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis, actinomycin D and emetine, stimulate Glut4 translocation and glucose uptake in adipocytes without engaging conventional signaling proteins, such as Akt, TBC1D4, or TUG. Actinomycin D does not significantly affect endocytosis of Glut4 or recycling of transferrin, suggesting that it specifically increases exocytosis of the IRVs. Thus, the intracellular retention of the IRVs in adipocytes requires continuous RNA and protein biosynthesis de novo. These results point out to the existence of a short-lived inhibitor of IRV translocation thus supporting the "static" model.
Strategic Manipulation of Tumor Antigens to Enhance Immunogenicity (2001)

Abstract : Systemic chemotherapy including high dose chemotherapy with stem cell rescue frequently induces responses in women with metastatic breast cancer Unfortunately, disease often recurs due to the persistence of chemotherapy resistant tumor cells. The immune system can effectively target and kill chemotherapy resistant tumor cells. Tumor associated antigens particularly antigens derived from the Her-2/neu oncogene can be recognized in breast cancer. Strategies to enhance immune recognition of these antigens may provide a therapeutic benefit. Recent studies indicate that the N-terminal flanking region of the invariant chain peptide termed CLIP has superagonisitc properties. The central hypothesis of this research project is that the N-terminal flanking region of CLIP can augment the immunogenicity of cryptic 'self' peptide epitopes from Her-2/neu. Ongoing studies indicate that immunization with chimeric constructs of an MHC class II binding peptide antigen from Her-2/neu presented on tumor cells or on dendritic cells in concert with an MHC class I binding peptide from Her-2/neu induces a potent cytolytic T cell response and protective antitumor immunity. Further analysis of the cell-mediated immune mechanisms reveals that immunization with the chimeric Her-2/neu construct triggers a type 1 cytokine (IL-2, IFN(sub gamma) T helper cell response. The type 1 cytokine response may underlie the induction of protective antitumor immunity allowing for the clonal amplification of effector T cells and inducing upregulation of target antigens on the tumor cell. Importantly, immunization with the chimeric construct appears to enhance antitumor immunity even in the presence of growing tumors. Augmenting the immune response to tumor associated antigens will enhance therapeutic strategies for the treatment of breast cancer.
Constrained Automated Mechanism Design for Infinite Games of Incomplete Information (2012)

We present a functional framework for automated mechanism design based on a two-stage game model of strategic interaction between the designer and the mechanism participants, and apply it to several classes of two-player infinite games of incomplete information. At the core of our framework is a black-box optimization algorithm which guides the selection process of candidate mechanisms. Our approach yields optimal or nearly optimal mechanisms in several application domains using various objective functions. By comparing our results with known optimal mechanisms, and in some cases improving on the best known mechanisms, we provide evidence that ours is a promising approach to parametric design of indirect mechanisms.