gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Arabidopsis TRB proteins function in H3K4me3 demethylation by recruiting JMJ14 (2023)

Arabidopsis telomeric repeat binding factors (TRBs) can bind telomeric DNA sequences to protect telomeres from degradation. TRBs can also recruit Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) to deposit tri-methylation of H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) over certain target loci. Here, we demonstrate that TRBs also associate and colocalize with JUMONJI14 (JMJ14) and trigger H3K4me3 demethylation at some loci. The trb1/2/3 triple mutant and the jmj14-1 mutant show an increased level of H3K4me3 over TRB and JMJ14 binding sites, resulting in up-regulation of their target genes. Furthermore, tethering TRBs to the promoter region of genes with an artificial zinc finger (TRB-ZF) successfully triggers target gene silencing, as well as H3K27me3 deposition, and H3K4me3 removal. Interestingly, JMJ14 is predominantly recruited to ZF off-target sites with low levels of H3K4me3, which is accompanied with TRB-ZFs triggered H3K4me3 removal at these loci. These results suggest that TRB proteins coordinate PRC2 and JMJ14 activities to repress target genes via H3K27me3 deposition and H3K4me3 removal.
Proteolysis of cystatin C by cathepsin D in the breast cancer microenvironment (2012)

The aspartic protease cathepsin D, a poor prognostic indicator of breast cancer, is abundantly secreted as procathepsin D by human breast cancer cells and self-activates at low pH in vitro, giving rise to catalytically active cathepsin D. Due to a lower extracellular pH in tumor microenvironments compared to normal tissues, cathepsin D may cleave pathophysiological substrates contributing to cancer progression. Here, we show by yeast 2-hybrid and degradomics analyses that cystatin C, the most potent natural secreted inhibitor of cysteine cathepsins, both binds to and is a substrate of extracellular procathepsin D. The amount of cystatin C in the extracellular environment is reduced in the secretome of mouse embryonic fibroblasts stably transfected with human cathepsin D. Cathepsin D extensively cleaved cystatin C in vitro at low pH. Cathepsin D secreted by breast cancer cells also processed cystatin C at the pericellular pH of tumors and so enhancing extracellular proteolytic activity of cysteine cathepsins. Thus, tumor derived cathepsin D assists breast cancer progression by reducing cystatin C activity, which, in turn, enhances cysteine cathepsin proteolytic activity, revealing a new link between protease classes in the protease web.
Fluorescent temperature sensor (2023)

The present invention is a fluorescent temperature sensor or optical thermometer. The sensor includes a solution of 1,3-bis(1-pyrenyl)propane within a 1-butyl-1-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquid solvent. The 1,3-bis(1-pyrenyl)propane remains unassociated when in the ground state while in solution. When subjected to UV light, an excited state is produced that exists in equilibrium with an excimer. The position of the equilibrium between the two excited states is temperature dependent.
Monitoring Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Lions (Panthera leo) at the Barcelona Zoo: Viral Dynamics and Host Responses (2021)

To date, no evidence supports the fact that animals play a role in the epidemiology of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, several animal species are naturally susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Besides pets (cats, dogs, Syrian hamsters, and ferrets) and farm animals (minks), different zoo animal species have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (large felids and non-human primates). After the summer of 2020, a second wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection occurred in Barcelona (Spain), reaching a peak of positive cases in November. During that period, four lions (<i>Panthera leo</i>) at the Barcelona Zoo and three caretakers developed respiratory signs and tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 antigen. Lion infection was monitored for several weeks and nasal, fecal, saliva, and blood samples were taken at different time-points. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in nasal samples from all studied lions and the viral RNA was detected up to two weeks after the initial viral positive test in three out of four animals. The SARS-CoV-2 genome was also detected in the feces of animals at different times. Virus isolation was successful only from respiratory samples of two lions at an early time-point. The four animals developed neutralizing antibodies after the infection that were detectable four months after the initial diagnosis. The partial SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence from one animal caretaker was identical to the sequences obtained from lions. Chronology of the events, the viral dynamics, and the genomic data support human-to-lion transmission as the origin of infection.
Total Artificial Heart Bridging: A Temporary Support for Deteriorating Heart Transplantation-Candidates - Methods and Results (1987)

Since 1975 at the 2. Dept. of Surgery, University of Vienna, Austria, artificial circulation devices and artificial hearts have been constructed and in experimental use. We started a clinical heart transplantation (HTX) program in 1984, and up to now more than 40 HTXs have been performed. Since May 1986, 3 patients--all suffering from end stage dilatative cardiomyopathy--received total artificial heart (TAH) as a temporary support until HTX was possible. Two of them were transplanted after 9 and 10 days. The third patient, who additionally suffered from a postinfarctial lung abscess and had to undergo an indispensable lobectomy contemporary with TAH implantation, could not be transplanted due to an incurable infection, which he died of after 22 days on TAH. The temporary TAH implantation proved to be a valuable measure preventing life-threatening circulatory deterioration. After restoration of a sufficient circulation by the implanted system, the patients' general conditions improved and the concomitant dysfunctions of kidneys, brain, and other vital organs, due to cardiogenic shock, could be rectified in those two patients, who underwent transplantation. Thromboembolic complications were observed only in the third patient, who developed a small infarction in the anterior lobe of the left hemisphere caused by cerebral embolism after 3 weeks of TAH pumping. The use of TAH is liable to severe, even lethal, complications. At present it should be used only as a last resort. If a donor heart is not available, this measure can be a real chance to save the patient's life.
Spacers to Improve Performance and Porosity of Graphene Based Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells (2020)

Graphene has been suggested as a potential support material to replace commercial carbon black due to its carbon corrosion resistance. However, graphene-based electrodes typically perform poorly in MEA testing due to restacking of the graphitic sheets. In this study we investigate the introduction of carbon black and their effects on the porosity and current density of graphene-based supports.
Development of an inducible MyD88.CD40 gene switch for potent anti-tumor dendritic cell (DC) vaccines (131.22) (2010)

Abstract We previously generated an inducible CD40 (iCD40) costimulatory switch enabling prolonged CD40 signaling in DCs in a ligand-independent manner. However, follow-up studies showed the requirement for an additional danger stimulus, lipopolysaccharide, for complete DC activation and licensing. To overcome drawbacks of systemic toxicity associated with endotoxin in a clinical trial, we proposed the development of a synthetic drug-inducible TLR4. Toward this goal, we have generated an inducible version of downstream adaptor MyD88 and combined it with iCD40 to generate a unified, inducible composite receptor, iMyD88.CD40. In vitro, in addition to upregulating maturation markers, iMyD88.CD40 activation by dimerizing drug led to elevated IL-12 production by both mouse and human DCs, prolonged DC survival and improved T cell responses to endogenous tumor antigens. Increased magnitudes of p38, IKK and JNK activation along with early activation of NF-kB family members, RelA, RelB and c-Rel form the molecular basis for the observed synergistic effects of iMyD88.CD40. In vivo, iMyD88.CD40-activated DCs migrated more efficiently to draining lymph nodes, promoted Th1 responses and abolished pre-established E.G7-OVA tumors and the less immunogenic B16 tumors. In conclusion, we have generated a novel chimeric DC activation switch combining signaling elements from adjuvant receptors enabling prolonged DC activation both ex vivo as well as in vivo following DC and drug delivery.
The Reliability of a New Device Designed to Assess Gastrocnemius Contracture (2002)

Gastrocnemius contracture may be a significant cause of many foot disorders. Gastrocnemius tension can be estimated clinically by measuring maximum ankle dorsiflexion during full knee extension. Such measurements, when made with currently available goniometric devices, are subject to high levels of intra- and inter-observer variability. We have designed a device to more consistently measure ankle dorsiflexion, using three dimensional tracking sensors on the leg and foot. The applied dorsiflexion torque is kept constant by a computer, and the computer also monitors hindfoot position to maintain a neutrally aligned foot during testing. Repeated measurements on 26 feet were taken to determine the consistency of the device. The correlation coefficient for the measurements was 0.96, indicating very low intra-observer variability. The standard deviation of the repeated measures was 2 degrees. Based on the 95% confidence interval, the device can be considered accurate to within 4 degrees. Given this accuracy, this instrument could be used to assess gastrocnemius tension, its role in foot pathology, and the effectiveness of surgical lengthening. Compared to other currently available measuring devices, this instrument is the most reliable in estimating ankle dorsiflexion, since it is capable of controlling hindfoot position and applied dorsiflexion torque, and it can be easily constructed by other laboratories.
A low-power MPEG audio layer III decoder IC with an integrated digital-to-analog converter (2000)

An MP3 decoder IC including a stereo DAC suitable for portable players is presented. The DAC uses digital interpolation to operate on a fixed output sample rate. The decoding software requires 17 MIPS on a 16-bit DSP core to decode a 44.1 kHz 128 kbit/s stereo bitstream. The IC has been manufactured in a 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS process. Depending on the bitstream, the 24 mm/sup 2/ IC consumes 40-50 mW.
Walking Support System with Omni-Directional Mobile Base : Walking Helper (2003)

本研究では, Walking Helperと呼ばれる全方向移動可能でかつ安全性を考慮した歩行支援システムを開発し, 人間との力学的相互作用を前提とした力覚情報に基づく制御システムを提案する。
Catechol derivatives of 6-aminobenzocycloheptene: assessment of dopaminergic effects (1984)

The title compounds were prepared as congeners of the dopaminergically potent 2-amino-5,6-dihydroxytetralin series ("A-5,6-DTN"). None of the variously nitrogen-substituted benzocycloheptenes demonstrated any dopamine-like effects in a variety of assays. The primary amine had alpha 1-adrenoceptor stimulant effects. This lack of dopaminergic effect parallels the inactivity found in 6-aminobenzocycloheptenes bearing no oxygen substitutents, those bearing a single phenolic group, and those bearing a resorcinol 1,3-diphenolic substitution pattern.
The STEDMAN Project: Biophysical, Biochemical and Metabolic Effects of a Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention during Weight Loss, Maintenance, and Regain (2009)

The Study of the Effects of Diet on Metabolism and Nutrition (STEDMAN) Project uses comprehensive metabolic profiling to probe biochemical mechanisms of weight loss in humans. Measurements at baseline, 2 and 4 weeks, 6 and 12 months included diet, body composition, metabolic rate, hormones, and 80 intermediary metabolites measured by mass spectrometry. In 27 obese adults in a behavioral weight loss intervention, median weight decreased 13.9 lb over the first 6 months, then reverted towards baseline by 12 months. Insulin resistance (HOMA) was partially ameliorated in the first 6 months and showed sustained improvement at 12 months despite weight regain. Ghrelin increased with weight loss and reverted to baseline, whereas leptin and PYY fell at 6 months and remained persistently low. NPY levels did not change. Factors possibly contributing to sustained improvement in insulin sensitivity despite weight regain include adiponectin (increased by 12 months), IGF-1 (increased during weight loss and continued to increase during weight regain), and visceral fat (fell at 6 months but did not change thereafter). We observed a persistent reduction in free fatty acids, branched chain amino acids, and related metabolites that may contribute to improved insulin action. These findings provide evidence for sustained benefits of weight loss in obese humans and insights into mechanisms.
Inferring Semantic State Transitions During Telerobotic Manipulation (2018)

Human teleoperation of robots and autonomous operations go hand in hand in today's service robots. While robot teleoperation is typically performed on low to medium levels of abstraction, automated planning has to take place on a higher abstraction level, i.e. by means of semantic reasoning. Accordingly, an abstract state of the world has to be maintained in order to enable an operator to switch seamlessly between both operational modes. We propose a novel approach that combines simulation based geometric tracking and semantic state inference by means of so called State Inference Entities to overcome this issue. We also demonstrate how Evolutionary Strategies can be employed to refine simulation parameters. All experiments are demonstrated in real-world experiments conducted with the humanoid robot Rollin' Justin.
Robust lumen segmentation of coronary arteries in 2D angiographic images (2012)

Diagnosis and treatment of coronary diseases depends on the data acquired during angiographic investigations. To provide better assistance for angiographic procedures, a segmentation of the lumen is required. A new algorithm for vessel centerline computation and lumen segmentation in 2D projection coronary angiograms is presented. Centerlines are extracted by a graph-based optimization technique, which searches for paths with minimal costs. The search starts from a source point, which is automatically set by the proposed algorithm. A new objective function for determining the costs of the graph edges is proposed. It consists of the response from the medialness filter and is regularized by the centerline potential function. In the medialness filter a vessel cross-section is represented by a 1D profile parameterized by center position and radius. The medialness filter at a point optimizes a gradient-based response over the profile radius. The proposed centerline potential function defines likeliness of each point of the image to be a centerline. Both the medialness filter and the centerline potential function are multi-scale. The entire lumen segmentation is achieved by the radii extracted during the medialness response computation. Application to clinical data shows that the presented algorithm segments coronary lumen with good accuracy and allows for subsequent assessment of the quantitative characteristics (i.e. diameter, curvature, etc.) of the vessels.
Persistent T-cell activation and clinical correlations in patients with ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis (2006)

We identified two independent phenotypes of T-cell activation in AASV patients. These phenotypes are persistent and do not reflect disease activity. PTA predominantly occurs in patients with severe disease. This might explain the higher cumulative cyclophosphamide dose found in these patients.
Analysis and a Solution of Momentarily Missed Detection for Anchor-based Object Detectors (2020)

The employment of convolutional neural networks has led to significant performance improvement on the task of object detection. However, when applying existing detectors to continuous frames in a video, we often encounter momentary miss-detection of objects, that is, objects are undetected exceptionally at a few frames, although they are correctly detected at all other frames. In this paper, we analyze the mechanism of how such miss-detection occurs. For the most popular class of detectors that are based on anchor boxes, we show the followings: i) besides apparent causes such as motion blur, occlusions, background clutters, etc., the majority of remaining miss-detection can be explained by an improper behavior of the detectors at boundaries of the anchor boxes; and ii) this can be rectified by improving the way of choosing positive samples from candidate anchor boxes when training the detectors.
Staging of liver fibrosis or cirrhosis: The role of hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement (2015)

Liver fibrosis is a common histological change of chronic liver injury and it is closely related with portal hypertension which is hemodynamic complication of chronic liver disease. Currently, liver fibrosis has been known as a reversible dynamic process in previous literatures. Although liver biopsy is a gold standard for assessing the stage of liver fibrosis, it may not completely represent the stage of liver fibrosis because of sampling error or semi-quantative measurement. Recent evidences suggested that histologic, clinical, hemodynamic, and biologic features are closely associated in patients with chronic liver disease. Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement has been known as a modality to evaluate the portal pressure. The HVPG measurement has been used clinically for fibrosis diagnosis, risk stratification, preoperative screening for liver resection, monitoring the efficacy of medical treatments, and assessing the prognosis of liver fibrosis. Therefore, the HVPG measurement can be used to monitor areas the chronic liver disease but also other important areas of chronic liver disease.
Opportunities in Closed-Loop Molecular Recycling of End-of-Life Polyurethane (2023)

Polyurethane (PU) is the sixth most used plastic. Total production reached 24 million metric tons in 2018 and continues to grow at an annual rate of 4%. As production increases, so does the accumulation of PU waste and the need to find a viable recycling method. However, due to the highly cross-linked structure and complex composition of postconsumer PU, mechanical recycling methods produce lower-value products with limited reusability. Chemical treatments that extract reusable components can offer alternative approaches to PU waste valorization. Chemical recycling of PU waste is underdeveloped given the significant potential economic and environmental impacts. Mechanistic studies on chemical recycling pathways, such as hydrolysis, acidolysis, glycolysis, and aminolysis, are incomplete, and few of these methods have been used commercially. This perspective provides an overview of several closed-loop chemical recycling methods that can be used to produce recycled polyol (repolyol) from waste PU, which can be used in place of virgin polyol. We delineate what is known regarding the chemistry and mechanisms, identify knowledge gaps, and compare the utility of the products from each recycling method. We also suggest ways that density functional theory can be used to fill knowledge gaps.
Fall-prediction algorithm using a neural network for safety enhancement of elderly (2013)

Among the elderly, falls are a well-known safety hazard, often resulting in major injury, hospitalization and death. To reduce the injuries caused by falls, it is first necessary to predict a fall as early as possible and then to provide protection for the person who is falling. This paper proposes a fall-prediction algorithm (FPA) that can predict whether the person will fall within one-walking-step. The fall prediction is different from the fall detection, and it is intended to predict a fall before it occurs and provide sufficient time to enable a safety mechanism. The proposed FPA adopts a neural network to perform prediction in which the inputs are accelerations and angular rates of upper trunk and the output presents fall or no fall. A wearable inertial sensor package with a triple axis accelerometer and a triple axis gyroscope is developed to measure the required motion data. Five subjects were asked to wear the inertial sensor package and perform a number of simulated falls. The experimental results show that the FPA could predict a fall 0.4 seconds prior to the beginning of the fall. The time interval is sufficient to inflate an airbag covering the head, trunk, and hip, an intervention that would reduce fall-related injuries among older people.
Expanded phase I combination trial of GVAX immunotherapy for prostate cancer and ipilimumab in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer (mHPRC) (2008)

5146 Background: A Phase 1 trial is underway to study GVAX immunotherapy for prostate cancer [GVAX immunotherapy (GVAX IT)] and ipilimumab (Ipi) in chemonaïve mHRPC patients (pts). Methods: Twelve pts were treated in a dose-escalation phase for 24 weeks (wks) with bi-weekly intradermal injections of GVAX IT and monthly Ipi. Pts were enrolled in cohorts of 3; each cohort received an escalating dose of Ipi: 0.3, 1, 3 or 5 mg/kg. Sixteen pts were then enrolled in an expansion cohort to be treated with GVAX IT and 3 mg/kg Ipi. Results: Escalation Cohort: Median follow-up of 12 pts is 21.2 months (m). Five of six pts at the higher Ipi doses (3 and 5 mg/kg) developed Grade 2 or 3 immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including Grade 2 or 3 hypophysitis and Grade 3 alveolitis. Late onset PSA responses (declines > 50%) were seen in these 5 pts with response durations of 6.7, 8.6, 9.5, 13.8 (on-going), and 23.1 m. Four of these pts had stable disease on bone scan for at least 12 m, and up to 21 m. Multiple tumor-reactive antibodies (abs) induced by treatment were identified by serologic analysis (SEREX), including abs to filamin B, PSMA and NY-ESO-1. Biopsies of injection sites showed T cell infiltration and Granzyme B expression; these T cells are being tested for antigen-specific lytic activity. Expansion Cohort: Sixteen pts were enrolled, 6 have completed treatment, 10 are on-going. Three pts have experienced irAEs of Grade 1 diarrhea, Grade 3 adrenal insufficiency, and a Grade 3 hepatitis that resolved with steroids. With median follow-up of 6.5 months in the 6 pts who have completed treatment, 1 pt had a PSA response (> 50% decline) and 3 obtained stable PSA, accompanied in one pt by pain relief and decrease in alkaline phosphatase. Conclusions: The GVAX IT and ipilimumab combination is active in mHRPC in this trial. IrAEs appear manageable and may correlate with anti-tumor activity. The maximum tolerated dose of the combination is not established. Follow-up on the 16 expansion cohort pts will provide data on safety, clinical activity and immunologic correlates. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Cell Genesys, Medarex Cell Genesys, Medarex Cell Genesys
High-Pressure and High-Temperature Behavior of Venus’s Atmosphere Near the Surface: A Thermo-Gravitational Study (2021)

Earth and Space Science Open Archive PosterOpen AccessYou are viewing an older version [v1]Go to new versionHigh-Pressure and High-Temperature Behavior of Venus's Atmosphere Near the Surface: A Thermo-Gravitational StudyAuthorsSugataTaniDJeffreyKargelSee all authors Sugata TaniD• Submitting AuthorPlanetary Science Institute TucsoniDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2049-3706view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressJeffrey KargelCorresponding AuthorPlanetary Science Instituteview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address