gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Partial Neuromuscular Blockade during Partial Ventilatory Support in Sedated Patients with High Tidal Volumes (2016)

Partial neuromuscular blockade facilitates lung-protective ventilation during partial ventilatory support, while maintaining diaphragm activity, in sedated patients with lung injury.
Photodynamic therapy with Pd‐bacteriopheophorbide (TOOKAD): Successful <i>in vivo</i> treatment of human prostatic small cell carcinoma xenografts (2003)

Small cell carcinoma of the prostate (SCCP), although relatively rare, is the most aggressive variant of prostate cancer, currently with no successful treatment. It was therefore tempting to evaluate the response of this violent malignancy and its bone lesions to Pd-Bacteriopheophorbide (TOOKAD)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT), already proven by us to efficiently eradicate other aggressive non-epithelial solid tumors. TOOKAD is a novel bacteriochlorophyll-derived, second-generation photosensitizer recently, developed by us for the treatment of bulky tumors. This photosensitizer is endowed with strong light absorbance (epsilon(0) approximately 10(5) mol(-1) cm(-1)) in the near infrared region (lambda=763nm), allowing deep tissue penetration. The TOOKAD-PDT protocol targets the tumor vasculature leading to inflammation, hypoxia, necrosis and tumor eradication. The sensitizer clears rapidly from the circulation within a few hours and does not accumulate in tissues, which is compatible with the treatment of localized tumor and isolated metastases. Briefly, male CD1-nude mice were grafted with the human SCCP (WISH-PC2) in 3 relevant anatomic locations: subcutaneous (representing tumor mass), intraosseous (representing bone metastases) and orthotopically within the murine prostate microenvironment. The PDT protocol consisted of i.v. administration of TOOKAD (4 mg/kg), followed by immediate illumination (650-800 nm) from a xenon light source or a diode laser emitting at 770 nm. Controls included untreated animals or animals treated with light or TOOKAD alone. Tumor volume, human plasma chromogranin A levels, animal well being and survival were used as end points. In addition, histopathology and immunohistochemistry were used to define the tumor response. Subcutaneous tumors exhibited complete healing within 28-40 days, reaching an overall long-term cure rate of 69%, followed for 90 days after PDT. Intratibial WISH-PC2 lesions responded with complete tumor elimination in 50% of the treated mice at 70-90 days after PDT as documented histologically. The response of the orthotopic model was also analyzed histologically with similar results. The study with this model suggests that TOOKAD-based PDT can reach large tumors and is a feasible, efficient and well-tolerated approach for minimally invasive treatment of local and disseminated SCCP.
Reactions to the Stings of the Imported Fire Ant (1990)

COEXISTENCE with the pugnacious imported fire ant has become a necessary evil for residents of both the rural and the urban Gulf South.1 The spread of these insects has produced agricultural problems,2 and their stings have resulted in increasing numbers of persons with hypersensitivity reactions, secondary infections, and neurologic sequelae.1 , 3 , 4 Two recent evolutionary changes in the ants may make the expansion of their geographical range more likely.5 , 6 Imported Fire Ants in the United StatesBoth the black imported fire ant, Solenopsis richteri (native to Argentina and Uruguay), and the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta (native to northern Argentina, Paraguay, . . .
Crystal Structure of Monoclonal 6B5 Fab Complexed with Phencyclidine (2021)

The crystal structure of monoclonal antibody (mAb) 6B5 Fab fragment complexed with 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine (PCP or phencyclidine) was determined at 2.2-A resolution. 6B5 was originally produced from a mouse immunized with a phencyclidine analogue hapten 5-[N-(1'phenylcyclohexyl)amino]pentanoic acid conjugated to bovine serum albumin. This mAb was selected for further study because of its high affinity (Kd = 2 x 10(-9) M/liter) for PCP and usefulness in reversing PCP-induced central nervous system toxicity in laboratory animals. The dominant feature of the 6B5 Fab.PCP complex is the deep binding site and hydrophobic nature of the interaction. The ligand binding pocket of 6B5 Fab has numerous aromatic side chains, as compared with other known Fab structures. The most notable feature of the binding site is a Trp at position 97H (H-chain), and the side chain of this residue appears to act as a hydrophobic umbrella on the ligand in the antigen binding pocket. There are only two other known Fabs found with a Trp at the 97H position in complementarity determining region (CDR) H3, but they do not play a major role in the interaction with their respective antigens; in both Fab TE33 and R6.5 the Trp 97H side chain is positioned away from the bound antigen. Comparison of the CDR residues of 6B5 with other Fab structures with similar CDR sizes and amino acid compositions reveals a number of important patterns of residue substitutions that appear to be critical for specific PCP ligand interactions.
Secure Order Based Voting Using Distributed Tallying (2022)

Electronic voting systems have significant advantages in comparison with physical voting systems. One of the main challenges in e-voting systems is to secure the voting process: namely, to certify that the computed results are consistent with the cast ballots and that the voters' privacy is preserved. We propose herein a secure voting protocol for elections that are governed by order-based voting rules. Our protocol, in which the tallying task is distributed among several independent talliers, offers perfect ballot secrecy in the sense that it issues only the required output while no other information on the cast ballots is revealed. Such perfect secrecy, achieved by employing secure multiparty computation tools, may increase the voters' confidence and, consequently, encourage them to vote according to their true preferences. We implemented a demo of a voting system that is based on our protocol and we describe herein the system's components and its operation. Our implementation demonstrates that our secure order-based voting protocol can be readily implemented in real-life large-scale electronic elections.
Conformationally Constrained Nicotines:  Polycyclic, Bridged, and Spiro-Annulated Analogues as Novel Ligands for the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (2002)

A set of novel nicotine-related, conformationally constrained compounds, including tetracyclic, bridged (4), and tricyclic, spiro-annulated (5) structures, were synthesized in a straightforward manner and optically resolved in a convenient fashion with (+)- and (-)-O,O'-di-p-toluoyltartaric acids. Absolute configurations were determined by X-ray crystallography. These compounds were evaluated for their ability to displace [(3)H]cytisine in a rat forebrain preparation and compared to (-)-nicotine. Three substances emerged with high affinity in the low nanomolar range. Moreover, one of these compounds ((+)-5b) showed not only high binding affinity (K(i) = 4.79 nM) but also significant enantioselectivity over its antipode (K(i) = 148 nM), supporting the hypothesis that conformational restraint can lead to high-affinity ligands, which are stereochemically discriminated by the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and may feature optimum locations of the active sites of the pharmacophore.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Selective Bromination of Tetramesitylporphyrin: An Easy Access to Robust Metalloporphyrins, M‐Br8TMP and M‐Br8TMPS. Examples of Application in Catalytic Oxygenation and Oxidation Reactions. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Influence of Age and Genetic Risk on Anti‐tissue Transglutaminase IgA Titers (2009)

The influence of age and genetic predisposition/risk has to be taken into account when interpreting tTG results.
Evidence for auditory localization ability in the turtle. (1981)

Evidence is presented that the semiaquatic turtle Chrysemys scripta and the terrestrial turtle Terrapene carolina major can detect the direction of a tone within their sensitive area of hearing. It is further suggested that not only can these species respond behaviorally to sound without extensive manipulation but can use limited hearing in a problem-solving situation of maze learning. Adult emydid turtles (5 C. scripta, 3 T. carolina) learned a Y-maze with a 500-c/s signal to an invisible open goal box to avoid bright light. All animals performed above chance levels, but it required over 240 trials on the average to reach 60%-correct performance. Computations suggest that binaural cues used by mammals would not be adequately encoded by the primitive auditory systems of the species studied. It is further suggested that these turtles use bone conduction by coupling their ears to the substrate to hear vibrations in the immediate area. This would appear to be a carryover from the ancient reptile stem stock. The poor middle-ear impedance system relegates air-borne sound processing to be a somewhat insensitive limited low-pass system, depending heavily on monaural cues derived from head scanning. vocal output in these species appears to be spectrally imbalanced with their auditory sensitivity. The role of species-specific vocal signalling is unclear from the present data.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Analogues of N-Acyl Homoserine Lactones on Eukaryotic Cells (2020)

We provide new bio-inspired AHL analogues with strong anti-inflammatory properties that will need further study from a therapeutic perspective.
SAW gas sensor based on extremely thin strain-engineered K0.7Na0.3NbO3 films (2021)

In this work, we demonstrate that extremely thin strain-engineered K0.7Na0.3NbO3 (KNN) films are ideal candidates for highly sensitive and also potentially selective surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor applications. The strength of the use of these films in SAW sensors is based on their piezoelectric properties and their thinness. The latter leads to a strong concentration of the SAW energy at the very surface of the sensor's delay line and the generation of higher harmonics with significant amplitudes. Thin epitaxial films of typically 30 nm in thickness are grown via liquid-delivery spin metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy on different (110)-oriented scandate substrates (TbScO3 and GdScO3). The epitaxial strain is induced by the lattice mismatch between a substrate and a film. The SAW signal of thin KNN films and the resulting sensitivity of an SAW thin KNN film sensor are compared with conventional bulk SAW sensors based on LiNbO3 (LN) using identical electrode designs for the generation and detection of the SAW for both systems. Compared to the conventional LN SAW sensor, our KNN-based sensor shows a sensitivity that is approximately 14 times higher. This was achieved using only the third and fifth harmonics. Using even higher harmonics, the improvement could potentially be boosted up to a factor &amp;gt; 40. Moreover, we showed that simultaneous sensor recording of mass loading at different harmonics is possible with the KNN sensor. Similar to other sensor concepts, the resulting multiple signals might provide a fingerprint of the detected material and, thus, lead to a selective detection of the mass load.
1395 CLN 619 a clinical stage MICA B specific IgG1 antibody which restores the MICA B-NKG2D axis requires Fc function for potent anti-tumor activity (2022)

<h3>Background</h3> MICA and MICB are stress-inducible, highly polymorphic, surface glycoproteins that are expressed on a wide variety of human tumors but restricted in normal tissues. Engagement of MICA/B by NKG2D on natural killer (NK) cells and certain T cell subsets stimulates immune cell activation and subsequent target cell lysis. In cancer patients, tumor cells can escape NKG2D-mediated lysis by shedding MICA/B from the cell surface via proteases in the tumor microenvironment. High concentrations of shed MICA have been observed in serum from patients across multiple tumor types, correlating with poor survival. CLN-619 is a humanized anti-MICA/MICB monoclonal IgG1 antibody being developed for the treatment of multiple cancer indications. It has broad reactivity across MICA/B alleles, prevents shedding of MICA/B from the tumor cell surface, enhances the interaction of MICA with NKG2D, and engages Fcg receptors on effector cells to collectively drive potent anti-tumor activity. We herein describe the significance of Fc functionality for the therapeutic activity of CLN-619. <h3>Methods</h3> MICA/B levels were measured in supernatants by ELISA and on the cell surface by flow cytometry. The Promega ADCC Bioassay Complete Kit was used to evaluate ADCC. MICA binding to NKG2D was measured by flow cytometry. In vitro killing was assessed in a co-culture assay of donor PBMC and MICA-expressing tumor cells. In vivo studies were conducted in human xenograft tumor models. <h3>Results</h3> CLN-619 inhibited the shedding of MICA/B shedding and enhanced the interaction of MICA with NKG2D. The latter was mediated by CLN-619 Fc effector function as well as by intrinsic enhancement of MICA-NKG2D binding by CLN-619. A functional Fc domain was also found necessary for CLN-619 induced immune-mediated cell killing of MICA/B expressing cells in vitro and for efficacy in mice bearing subcutaneous HCC1534 human xenograft tumors (figure 1). An Fc-silenced version of CLN-619 had no anti-tumor activity in HCC1534 at 3 mg/kg whereas CLN-619 showed significant tumor control even at 0.03 mg/kg. <h3>Conclusions</h3> CLN-619 treatment resulted in robust anti-tumor activity in mice bearing MICA/B-expressing xenograft models. Activity of CLN-619 was dependent on a functional Fc domain. Simultaneous stimulation of the NKG2D-MICA/B axis and ADCC by CLN-619 may uniquely synergize in activating the lytic potential of NK cells. CLN-619 is currently in a Phase 1 clinical trial for the treatment of patients with advanced malignancies (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05117476).
Extended synchronization resulting from resonant phase and intensity dynamics in a dual-polarization laser (2012)

We study experimentally and numerically the synchronization dynamics of two laser modes, coupled by a coherent optical feedback injection. For a given coupling strength, we observe three synchronization regimes, depending on the initial detuning between the modes. If this detuning is sufficiently weak, the phase of the beat between the two modes remains constant. In contrast, for very large detuning, this relative phase drifts. Besides these two familiar cases, we identify an intermediate situation, in which the relative phase oscillates while remaining bounded. The frequency locking is preserved, even in the absence of phase locking.
Genetic evidence for in vivo cross-specificity of the CaaX-box protein prenyltransferases farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase-I in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1993)

Two protein prenyltransferase enzymes, farnesyltransferase (FTase) and geranylgeranyltransferase-I (GGTase-I), catalyze the covalent attachment of a farnesyl or geranylgeranyl lipid group to the cysteine of a CaaX sequence (cysteine [C], two aliphatic amino acids [aa], and any amino acid [X]. In vitro studies reported here confirm previous reports that CaaX proteins with a C-terminal serine are farnesylated by FTase and those with a C-terminal leucine are geranylgeranylated by GGTase-I. In addition, we found that FTase can farnesylate CaaX proteins with a C-terminal leucine and can transfer a geranylgeranyl group to some CaaX proteins. Genetic data indicate that FTase and GGTase-I have the same substrate preferences in vivo as in vitro and also show that each enzyme can prenylate some of the preferred substrates of the other enzyme in vivo. Specifically, the viability of yeast cells lacking FTase is due to prenylation of Ras proteins by GGTase-I. Although this GGTase-I dependent prenylation of Ras is sufficient for growth, it is not sufficient for mutationally activated Ras proteins to exert deleterious effects on growth. The dependence of the activated Ras phenotype on FTase can be bypassed by replacing the C-terminal serine with leucine. This altered form of Ras appears to be prenylated by both GGTase-I and FTase, since it produces an activated phenotype in a strain lacking either FTase or GGTase-I. Yeast cells can grow in the absence of GGTase-I as long as two essential substrates are overexpressed, but their growth is slow. Such strains are dependent on FTase for viability and are able to grow faster when FTase is overproduced, suggesting that FTase can prenylate the essential substrates of GGTase-I when they are overproduced.
The Influence of Filler-Filler and Filler-Polymer Interactions on the Physical Properties of Silica-Filled Liquid Polyisoprene (2004)

Abstract The dynamic rheological properties of uncured dispersions of silica in liquid polyisoprene are measured and are used to assess filler-filler networking. An increase in the dynamic storage modulus ( G ′) is observed with decreasing polyisoprene molecular weight and with increasing silica concentration. For sufficiently high silica concentrations, a low-frequency plateau is observed in the frequency-dependence of G ′, indicating the presence of a volume-spanning filler-filler network. The height of this plateau scales with silica volume fraction to the power of 5.2, consistent with several models describing the elasticity of polymer materials filled with fractal clusters of colloidal particles. Treatment of the silica filler surface with a silane coupling agent leads to a decrease in the modulus of the resulting dispersion. The properties of the filler-polymer interface were further investigated by bound polymer measurements and by solid-state 1 H NMR experiments on the bound polymer fractions. The mobility of the polymer segments immediately adjacent to the filler surface is significantly reduced, as evidenced by faster spin-spin relaxation. The bound polymer per m 2 of silica surface increases with increasing silica concentration, primarily due to entrapment of loosely bound polymer chains in the filler-filler network.
Experimental Assessment of Plasticity of Nanocrystalline 1.7 mol% Yttria Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystals (2005)

High temperature mechanical behavior of nanocrystalline 1.7 mol% (3 wt%) yttria tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (nc‐YTZP) was characterized by compression creep tests. The hot isostatically pressed nc‐YTZP with mean grain size of 120 nm was subjected to grain growth to obtain grain sizes in the range of 120–310 nm. Direct measurements of the creep parameters were performed in the temperature range 1150°–1300°C and stress range 5–400 MPa. The strain rates at 1150°C ranged between 2 × 10 −7 and 9 × 10 −5 s −1 when increasing the stress from 15 to 400 MPa. Values of the stress exponent, n =2.0±0.3, and the activation energy, Q =630±40 kJ/mol, were obtained for all test conditions. A value of the grain size exponent, p =1.5±0.3, was obtained at 1150°C in the stress range studied. Detailed microstructural observations revealed the absence of glassy phase at the grain boundaries. The creep parameters were compared with those from the literature, and the results were discussed in terms of the model recently developed by the authors, with a reasonable agreement.
Innovative nonviral gene delivery strategies for engineering human mesenchymal stem cell phenotypes toward clinical applications (2022)

Although human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have been used in many clinical trials, variable outcomes have resulted in no FDA-approved hMSC treatment. However, research into developing hMSC therapies for many diseases continues. An approach to manipulate hMSCs for therapeutic applications is gene delivery. Nonviral gene delivery is safer and more flexible than viral vectors, but much less efficient, especially in hMSCs. It is not understood why hMSCs are more difficult to transfect than cell lines, but innate features of hMSCs may present unique barriers to transfection. Recently, strategies to improve hMSC transfection have been developed by innovating nanocarriers, nucleic acid cargos, and by 'priming' hMSCs chemically and physically for more efficient transfection. These strategies aim to engineer hMSCs with new phenotypes mediated by transgenic secreted factors, receptors, transcription factors, and genome editing systems for clinical applications requiring enhanced immunomodulation and/or tissue regeneration, or for functions such as tumor-killing and tissue engineering.
Breakthrough infections due to SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant: relation to humoral and cellular vaccine responses (2023)

https://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04355351; https://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04429594.
Physiology of Methylotrophs Living in the Phyllosphere (2021)

Methanol is abundant in the phyllosphere, the surface of the above-ground parts of plants, and its concentration oscillates diurnally. The phyllosphere is one of the major habitats for a group of microorganisms, the so-called methylotrophs, that utilize one-carbon (C1) compounds, such as methanol and methane, as their sole source of carbon and energy. Among phyllospheric microorganisms, methanol-utilizing methylotrophic bacteria, known as pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFMs), are the dominant colonizers of the phyllosphere, and some of them have recently been shown to have the ability to promote plant growth and increase crop yield. In addition to PPFMs, methanol-utilizing yeasts can proliferate and survive in the phyllosphere by using unique molecular and cellular mechanisms to adapt to the stressful phyllosphere environment. This review describes our current understanding of the physiology of methylotrophic bacteria and yeasts living in the phyllosphere where they are exposed to diurnal cycles of environmental conditions.