gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plagiarism Perceptions and Attitudes Among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia (2020)

The majority of medical students in Saudi Arabia included in this study indicated a highly negative attitude towards plagiarism. A higher GPA, the authoring of a published manuscript and attending courses in medical ethics were associated with negative attitudes towards plagiarism among medical students.
Species selective vapour sensing of organic compounds using dual resonant long period fibre gratings with a calixarene coating (2009)

Species selective vapour sensing has been demonstrated using a coated Long Period Grating with a period and coating thickness that gives rise to a dual resonant response. A calixarene coating with nanostructured features was deposited using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. A nanoscale cavity in the calixarene molecule adsorbs the analyte molecule causing an increase in the density and thereby the refractive index of the coating. Preliminary vapour sensing experiments were performed and indicate the sensor's selectivity, demonstrating strong responses to toluene and benzene, while exhibiting lower sensitivity to hexane and cyclohexane.
Supplemental Table 1 from Caffeic Acid Directly Targets ERK1/2 to Attenuate Solar UV-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;X-ray data collection and refinement statistics.&lt;/p&gt;
EFFICACY OF SILDENAFIL FOR JAPANESE PATIENTS WITH AUDIO-VISUAL SEXUAL STIMULATION (AVSS) TEST BY THE RIGISCAN PLUS (2006)

Sildenafil is most effective in men with mild-to-moderate ED, but not severe ED in Japan. In order to evaluate the efficacy of sildenafil, we conducted the present study using the AVSS test by the RigiScan Plus. The subjects were 56 patients (age: 34–82 years, mean: 60.5 years) with ED. The IIEF5 questionnaire and the AVSS test were conducted before and after administration of sildenafil. The penile rigidity could not be measured in 19 patients. Of these 19, sildenafil was effective in 7 and not effective in 12. The 7 cases in whom sildenafil was effective were all false-negatives. The sensitivity of sildenafil was 84%, and its specificity was 100%. This study suggests that the AVSS test by RigiScan Plus can objectively evaluate the efficacy of sildenafil, and shows potential for predicting that efficacy.
The neurochemical basis of cognitive deficits induced by brain iron deficiency: involvement of dopamine-opiate system. (2000)

Iron is an essential element in maintaining normal structure and functions of the central nervous system. Dangerous effects of decreases in the bioavailability of iron in the brain are shown to affect brain biochemistry, neurotransmitters production and function, mainly in the dopamine-opiate systems well as cognitive functions (learning and memory) and a number of physiological variables such motor activity and thermoregulation. Recent research has shown the added complications and deficits that are introduced in the endocrine and the immune system activity. While iron deficiency is not perceived as a life threatening disorder, it is the most prevalent nutritional disorder in the world and a better understanding of the modes and sites of action, can help devise better treatment programs for those who suffer from it.
Heterostructure design optimization for laser cooling of GaAs (2007)

Doping of the clad layers in thin GaAs/GaInP heterostructures, displaces the band energy discontinuity, modifies the carrier concentration in the active GaAs region and changes the quality of the hetero-interfaces. As a result, internal and consequently external quantum efficiencies in the double heterostructure are affected. In this paper, the interfacial quality of GaAs/GaInP heterostructure is systematically investigated by adjusting the doping level and type (n or p) of the cladding layer. An optimum structure for laser cooling applications is proposed.
Hydrogen adsorption on<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>sp</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>-bonded carbon: Influence of the local curvature (2002)

The interaction of atomic hydrogen and low-energy hydrogen ions with ${\mathrm{sp}}^{2}$-bonded carbon is investigated on the surfaces of ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ multilayer films, single-walled carbon nanotubes, and graphite (0001). These three materials have been chosen to represent ${\mathrm{sp}}^{2}$-bonded carbon networks with different local curvatures and closed surfaces (i.e. no dangling bonds). Chemisorption of hydrogen on these surfaces reduces emission from photoemission features associated with the \ensuremath{\pi} electrons and leads to a lowering of the work function up to 1.3 eV. It is found that the energy barrier for hydrogen adsorption decreases with increasing local curvature of the carbon surface. Whereas in the case of ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ and single-walled carbon nanotubes, hydrogen adsorption can be achieved by exposure to atomic hydrogen, the hydrogen adsorption on graphite (0001) requires ${H}^{+}$ ions of low kinetic energy (\ensuremath{\sim}1 eV). On all three materials, the adsorption energy barrier is found to increase with coverage. Accordingly, hydrogen chemisorption saturates at coverages that depend on the local curvature of the sample and the form of hydrogen (i.e., atomic or ionic) used for the treatment.
Improved 60° bend transmission of submicron-width waveguides defined in two-dimensional photonic crystals (2002)

We compare quantitatively the transmission properties of various 60/spl deg/ bends carved into a photonic crystal based on a two-dimensional triangular lattice of holes perforating a GaAs-based heterostructure. The bends are inserted into channel waveguides defined by three missing rows in the photonic crystal. Their design is inspired by some ideas from classical integrated optics. We show experimentally that in some cases the transmission of the bent waveguide is fairly high, up to 70%, within a bandwidth of 3%, e.g., 30 nm at 1 /spl mu/m, sufficient to contemplate wavelength-division-multiplexing applications. The observed performance opens the opportunity to implement a variety of optical functions in view of future photonic crystal integrated circuits for which low-loss bends constitute an essential building block.
Structural study of the complex between human pepsin and a phosphorus-containing peptidic transition-state analog (2000)

The refined crystal structure of the complex between human pepsin and a synthetic phosphonate inhibitor, Iva-Val-Val-Leu(P)-(O)Phe-Ala-Ala-OMe [Iva = isovaleryl, Leu(P) = the phosphinic acid analog of L-leucine, (O)Phe = L-3-phenyllactic acid, OMe = methyl ester], is presented. The structure was refined using diffraction data between 30 and 1.96 A resolution to a final R factor ( summation operator| |F(o)| - |F(c)| | / summation operator|F(o)|, where |F(o)| and |F(c)| are the observed and calculated structure-factor amplitudes, respectively) of 20.0%. The interactions of the inhibitor with the enzyme show the locations of the binding sites on the enzyme from S4 to S3'. Modeling of the inhibitor binding to porcine pepsin shows very similar binding sites, except at S4. Comparison of the complex structure with the structures of related inhibitors bound to penicillopepsin helps to rationalize the observed differences in the binding constants. The convergence of reaction mechanisms and geometries in different families of proteinases is also discussed.
Photoluminescence and lasing characteristics of InGaAs∕InGaAsP∕InP quantum dots (2004)

The InGaAs quantum dots (QDs) were grown with InGaAsP(λg=1.0–1.1μm) barrier, and the emission wavelength was controlled by the composition of InGaAs QD material in the range between 1.35 and 1.65μm. It is observed that the lateral size increases and the height of the QDs decreases with the increase in relative concentration of trimethylgallium to trimethylindium supplied during InGaAs QD growth. It is seen that the higher concentration of group III alkyl supply per unit time leads to higher QD areal density, indicating that the higher concentration causes more QDs to nucleate. By optimizing the growth conditions, the QDs emitting at around 1.55μm were grown with an areal density as high as 8×1010cm−2. The lasing action between the first excited subband states at the wavelength of 1.488μm has been observed from the ridge waveguide lasers with five QD stacks up to 260K. The threshold current density of 3.3kA∕cm2 at 200K and a characteristic temperature of 118K were measured.
Phase Analysis of Metallic Plutonium-Containing Fuel Alloys Using Neutron Diffraction (1990)

Abstract Pulsed neutron powder diffraction studies at IPNS have expanded our understanding of the phases present in Integral Fast Reactor (IFR) metal fuel alloys at temperatures in the range of reactor operating conditions. We report results from the binary alloy (U-10wt.%Zr) and ternary alloys (U-8%Pu-10%Zr) and (U-19%Pu-10%Zr). Determining the role and the location of Zr and Pu in these alloys is considered of fundamental importance for maximizing engineering efficiency. Rietveld profile analysis was utilized to study the phase diagrams. Data were collected at temperatures ranging from 25-650°C. Although the expected U/Pu/Zr phases (α-U, β-U, γ-U, δ-U/Zr/Pu, ζ-U/Pu) were observed in appropriate temperature ranges, there were some unexpected results. Relative amounts of all phases at each temperature were calculated from Rietveld scale factors and inferences were made as to the location of zirconium and plutonium, i.e. amounts in each phase, from site occupancies and absorption characteristics of the phases present. Finally, we were able to identify ZrO and ZrO 1-x inclusion phases in the U-Zr alloy present in very small (0.5-1.0%) amounts.
VARIANTS IN GENES INVOLVED IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE AND OXIDATION AND SUBSEQUENT RISK OF PROSTATE CANCER RECURRENCE (2009)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2009VARIANTS IN GENES INVOLVED IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE AND OXIDATION AND SUBSEQUENT RISK OF PROSTATE CANCER RECURRENCE Ming-Hsi Wang, Siqun L. Zheng, Angelo M. De Marzo, Charles G. Drake, Helen L. Fedor, Alan W. Partin, Misop Han, Jianfeng Xu, William B. Isaacs, and Elizabeth A. Platz Ming-Hsi WangMing-Hsi Wang More articles by this author , Siqun L. ZhengSiqun L. Zheng More articles by this author , Angelo M. De MarzoAngelo M. De Marzo More articles by this author , Charles G. DrakeCharles G. Drake More articles by this author , Helen L. FedorHelen L. Fedor More articles by this author , Alan W. PartinAlan W. Partin More articles by this author , Misop HanMisop Han More articles by this author , Jianfeng XuJianfeng Xu More articles by this author , William B. IsaacsWilliam B. Isaacs More articles by this author , and Elizabeth A. PlatzElizabeth A. Platz More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(09)60481-XAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "VARIANTS IN GENES INVOLVED IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE AND OXIDATION AND SUBSEQUENT RISK OF PROSTATE CANCER RECURRENCE." The Journal of Urology, 181(4S), pp. 167–168 © 2009 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 181Issue 4SApril 2009Page: 167-168 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2009 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Ming-Hsi Wang More articles by this author Siqun L. Zheng More articles by this author Angelo M. De Marzo More articles by this author Charles G. Drake More articles by this author Helen L. Fedor More articles by this author Alan W. Partin More articles by this author Misop Han More articles by this author Jianfeng Xu More articles by this author William B. Isaacs More articles by this author Elizabeth A. Platz More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Robotic picking of citrus (1990)

SUMMARY A prototype robot for picking citrus is described which utilized real-time, color machine vision to vision-servo the robot on a targeted fruit. A programming technique is presented which simplified development of the task-level, robot control program. An economic evaluation of robotic harvesting in Florida determined that robotic harvesting would be approximately 50 percent more expensive than conventional hand harvesting. Harvest inefficiency was identified as the most influential factor affecting robotic harvesting economics. Field trial performance is summarized and the potential of commercial robotic harvesting discussed.
Lost in translation: applying 2D intercellular communication via tunneling nanotubes in cell culture to physiologically relevant 3D microenvironments (2016)

Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are membranous conduits for direct cell-to-cell communication. Until the past decade, little had been known about their composite structure, function, and mechanisms of action in both normal physiologic conditions as well as in disease states. Now TNTs are attracting increasing interest for their key role(s) in the pathogenesis of disease, including neurodegenerative disorders, inflammatory and infectious diseases, and cancer. The field of TNT biology is still in its infancy, but inroads have been made in determining potential mechanisms and function of these remarkable structures. For example, TNTs function as critical conduits for cellular exchange of information; thus, in cancer, they may play an important role in critical pathophysiologic features of the disease, including cellular invasion, metastasis, and emergence of chemotherapy drug resistance. Although the TNT field is still in a nascent stage, we propose that TNTs can be investigated as novel targets for drug-based treatment of cancer and other diseases.
Spinal cord syndromes in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (1986)

Two patients with AIDS developed paraparesis. Neuropathological post mortem examination in one revealed cytomegalovirus polyradiculopathy, and in the second, vacuolar myelopathy which occurred in association with brain lesions resembling Marchiafava-Bignami Syndrome.
The challenges of rich features in universal steganalysis (2013)

Contemporary steganalysis is driven by new steganographic <i>rich feature </i>sets, which consist of large numbers of weak features. Although extremely powerful when applied to supervised classification problems, they are not compatible with unsupervised universal steganalysis, because the unsupervised method cannot separate the signal (evidence of steganographic embedding) from the noise (cover content). This work tries to alleviate the problem, by means of feature extraction algorithms. We focus on linear projections informed by embedding methods, and propose a new method which we call <i>calibrated least squares </i>with the specific aim of making the projections sensitive to stego content yet insensitive to cover variation. Different projections are evaluated by their application to the anomaly detector from Ref. 1, and we are able to retain both the universality and the robustness of the method, while increasing its performance substantially.
DQPSK for Terabit Ethernet in the 1310 nm band (2011)

We investigate QPSK formats under differential direct detection in the low dispersion, cost-sensitive 1310 nm band. Performance of three transmitter types is simulated to achieve terabit signaling over 80 km in standard single mode fiber.
HLA Footprints for Multipurpose Science (2010)

Footprints from the science observations of the Hubble Space Telescope are defined by a set of hierarchical geometric regions of instrument coverage; exposures, combined observations, high level science products, and mosaics. In the growing global community of networked applications, the science end-user has several use cases for visualizing and accessing footprint data including scientific proposal preparation, research and analysis of generated science products, and interoperability between archives for correlation of coverage. The Hubble Legacy Archive (HLA) at Space Telescope Science Institute, in coordination with ESO-ECF and CADC, has developed a web based science user interface built on a VO service oriented architecture system to enable varying levels of astronomical community access to science products derived from the HST archive. In this ADASS poster paper we describe new features and technologies for the HLA footprint component web browser visualization tool and the underlying footprint services utilized by the HST Astronomers Proposal Tool (APT) in compliance with an IVOA standard data access protocol. The service infrastructure is based on a high performance spherical geometric model developed by Johns Hopkins University (JHU) and database search algorithms co-developed by STScI and JHU.
Kinetics of polyesterification and models, 3. Kinetics and mechanism of pentaerythritol esterification by long‐chain carboxylic acids at technological conditions (1989)

Abstract Kinetics of the esterification of pentaerythritol by long‐chain carboxylic acids (C 7 – C 18 ) has been followed by potentiometric titrimetry. A simplified approach for the estimation of the rate constant values and the rate constants of the consecutive processes was developed according to the previous established kinetic law for similar systems. A computer simulation of the component concentrations variation has been carried out in order to prove the selected kinetic model.
The Effect of Functional Group Polarity in Palladium Immobilized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Catalysis: Application in Carbon–Carbon Coupling Reaction (2018)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are effective supports for nanometals and together they represent hybrids that combine the unique properties of both. A microwave-induced reaction was used to deposit nanopalladium on carboxylated and octadecylamine functionalized multiwall CNTs, which were used to carry out C-C coupling reactions in dimethylformamide (DMF) and toluene. These hybrids showed excellent catalytic activity with yield as high as 99.8%, while its enhancement with respect to commercially available Pd/C catalyst reached as high as 109%, and the reaction times were significantly lower. The polarity of the functionalized form was found to be a significant factor with the polar carboxylated CNT showing better activity in DMF while the relatively nonpolar octadecyl amine was better in toluene. The results suggest the possibility of tailor making functionalized CNTs when used as catalyst supports.
Combined Targeted DNA Sequencing in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Using UNCseq and NGScopy, and RNA Sequencing Using UNCqeR for the Detection of Genetic Aberrations in NSCLC (2020)

The recent FDA approval of the MiSeqDx platform provides a unique opportunity to develop targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) panels for human disease, including cancer. We have developed a scalable, targeted panel-based assay termed UNCseq, which involves a NGS panel of over 200 cancer-associated genes and a standardized downstream bioinformatics pipeline for detection of single nucleotide variations (SNV) as well as small insertions and deletions (indel). In addition, we developed a novel algorithm, NGScopy, designed for samples with sparse sequencing coverage to detect large-scale copy number variations (CNV), similar to human SNP Array 6.0 as well as small-scale intragenic CNV. Overall, we applied this assay to 100 snap-frozen lung cancer specimens lacking same-patient germline DNA (07–0120 tissue cohort) and validated our results against Sanger sequencing, SNP Array, and our recently published integrated DNA-seq/RNA-seq assay, UNCqeR, where RNA-seq of same-patient tumor specimens confirmed SNV detected by DNA-seq, if RNA-seq coverage depth was adequate. In addition, we applied the UNCseq assay on an independent lung cancer tumor tissue collection with available same-patient germline DNA (11–1115 tissue cohort) and confirmed mutations using assays performed in a CLIA-certified laboratory. We conclude that UNCseq can identify SNV, indel, and CNV in tumor specimens lacking germline DNA in a cost-efficient fashion.
Femtosecond Cr:LiSAF and Cr:LiCAF lasers pumped by tapered diode lasers (2011)

We report compact, low-cost and efficient Cr:Colquiriite lasers that are pumped by high brightness tapered laser diodes. The tapered laser diodes provided 1 to 1.2 W of output power around 675 nm, at an electrical-to-optical conversion efficiency of about 30%. Using a single tapered diode laser as the pump source, we have demonstrated output powers of 500 mW and 410 mW together with slope efficiencies of 47% and 41% from continuous wave (cw) Cr:LiSAF and Cr:LiCAF lasers, respectively. In cw mode-locked operation, sub-100-fs pulse trains with average power between 200 mW and 250 mW were obtained at repetition rates around 100 MHz. Upon pumping the Cr:Colquiriite lasers with two tapered laser diodes (one from each side of the crystal), we have observed scaling of cw powers to 850 mW in Cr:LiSAF and to 650 mW in Cr:LiCAF. From the double side pumped Cr:LiCAF laser, we have also obtained ~220 fs long pulses with 5.4 nJ of pulse energy at 77 MHz repetition rate. These are the highest energy levels reported from Cr:Colquiriite so far at these repetition rates. Our findings indicate that tapered diodes in the red spectral region are likely to become the standard pump source for Cr:Colquiriite lasers in the near future. Moreover, the simplified pumping scheme might facilitate efficient commercialization of Cr:Colquiriite systems, bearing the potential to significantly boost applications of cw and femtosecond lasers in this spectral region (750-1000 nm).
Defects Introduced by Electron-Irradiation at Low Temperatures in SiC (2009)

Defects introduced by electron irradiation at ~80-100 K in 3C-, 4H- and 6H-SiC were studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). A number of EPR spectra, labelled LE1-10, were detected. Combining EPR and supercell calculations, we will show that the LE1 center in 3C-SiC with C2v symmetry and an electron spin S=3/2 is related to the (VSi-Sii)3+ Frenkel pair between the silicon vacancy and a second neighbour Sii interstitial along the &lt;100&gt; direction. Results on other centers, possibly also related to interstitials, are discussed.
Galvanism of continuous ionic liquid flow over graphene grids (2015)

Flow-induced voltage generation on graphene has attracted great attention, but harvesting voltage by ionic liquid continuously flowing along graphene at macro-scale is still a challenge. In this work, we design a network structure of graphene grids (GG) woven by crisscrossed graphene micron-ribbons. The structure is effective in splitting the continuous fluid into “droplets” to generate consistent voltage using the mechanism of electrochemical energy generation. Key parameters such as flow rate, mesh number of GG, and slope angle are optimized to obtain maximum voltage in energy generation. The results suggest great potential of this graphene-based generator for future applications in energy harvesting.
Developmental determinants in non-communicable chronic diseases and ageing (2015)

Prenatal and peri-natal events play a fundamental role in health, development of diseases and ageing (Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD)). Research on the determinants of active and healthy ageing is a priority to: (i) inform strategies for reducing societal and individual costs of an ageing population and (ii) develop effective novel prevention strategies. It is important to compare the trajectories of respiratory diseases with those of other chronic diseases.