gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flexible zero refractive index optical metamaterial with matched impedance (2012)

We demonstrate a flexible thin film zero refractive index optical metamaterial with matched impedance to free space and low absorption loss at 1.55 &mu;m. The metallo-dielectric multilayer structure with fishnet geometry was optimized by a genetic algorithm. The fabrication process and characterization approach are described. The experiment results agree well with the theoretical predictions, showing an effective index of n<sub>eff</sub> = 0.072 + 0.51<i>i</i> and an impedance of Z<sub>eff</sub>/Z<sub>0</sub> = 1.009 – 0.021<sub>i</sub>.
[Synthesis of the fragments A1-8, A1-7, A9-15 and A8-15 of the chicken insulin A chain (author's transl)]. (1979)

By coupling the peptide derivatives H-Cys(SBut)-Cys(SBut)-His-OMe(6-8 b) and H-Cys(SBut)-Cys(SBut)-OH(6-7b) respectively with Trt-Gly-Ile-Val-Glu(OBut)-Gln-OH(1-5a) the N-terminal sequences A1-8 and A1-7 of the chicken insulin A chain have been prepared. The sequence of A9-15 has been obtained by connecting Bpoc-Asn-Thr(But)-Cys(SBut)-OH (9-11c) and H-Ser(But)-Leu-Try(But)-Gln-OH (12-15). Acylation of the aminopeptidderivative 9-15b with Bpoc-N2H3 yielded fragment A8-15 (8-15).
Motional narrowing of Dysonian lineshape in electron spin resonance of single-walled carbon nanotubes (2011)

We performed temperature and power dependent electron spin resonance measurements on single-walled carbon nanotubes. Motional narrowing of the Dysonian lineshape was observed. Saturation behavior was seen at low temperatures and high powers.
Characteristics of a Bacillus megaterium Bacteriophage (1975)

A bacteriophage which infects and lyses Bacillus megaterium ATCC 19213 was isolated from the soil. The phage produces lysis on nine strains of B, megaterium tested but did not lyse a Bacillus cereus or Bacillus licheniformis strain, nor any of eight Bacillus subtilis strains tested. Physical characteristics of the phage including morphology, size, thermal and pH stability, and buoyant density were examined. The nucleic acid is double-stranded DNA of mol. wt. 41.7 times 10 and 36 to 38.5 mol percent guanine plus cytosine (G+C).
Pelvic pain in endometriosis: is success of therapy gone in cigarette smoke? (2011)

The objective of the study was to assess potential individual factors influencing the efficacy of combined surgical and medical therapy in en-dometriosis patients with pelvic pain. For this purpose we performed a prospective study using a specifically designed questionnaire among patients suffering from persistent pelvic pain and undergoing laparoscopy and further GnRH analogue therapy in a university-based gyne-cologic department. Eighty-one women of re-productive age with histologically confirmed endometriosis were enrolled. A questionnaire gathered information from women on the fol-lowing groups of variables: age, marital status, education, reproductive and medical history including previous pregnancies and parity, knowledge of accompaniing pelvic disorders, concurrent cigarette smoking, as well as general quality of life estimates including self-image. Pelvic pain was scored using a visual analogue scale. Patients filled out the questionnaires before surgery and upon completing medical therapy. Data were statistically evaluated. After cessation of therapy, 53% of patients reported absence of pain. Only 12% of pain-free patients were smokers. This corresponded to slightly more than one third (35%) of all smokers in the study. However, 56% of non-smoker participants reported a positive outcome that proved to be significantly larger than the ratio of pain-free smoker participants (p = 0.02). Improvement in quality of life was reported by 74% of all patients, and only 9% of them were smokers. However, 47% were smokers among patients reporting no change or worsening in quality of life (p < 0.01). Based on our results, we can conclude, that regular smoking might have a disadvantageous impact on the success rate of combined surgical and medical therapy for endometriosis related pelvic pain.
Self-polarizing liquid crystalline films (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelf-polarizing liquid crystalline filmsThein Kyu, Partha Mukherjee, and Ho Sung ParkCite this: Macromolecules 1985, 18, 11, 2331–2334Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00153a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00153a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views45Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In Vitro Binding of [<sup>3</sup>H]PSB‐0413 to P2Y<sub>12</sub> Receptors (2015)

The P2Y₁₂/ADP receptor plays a central role in platelet activation. Characterization of this receptor is mandatory for studying disorders associated with a P2Y₁₂ receptor defect and for evaluating P2Y₁₂ receptor agonists and antagonists. In the absence of suitable anti-P2Y₁₂ antibodies, radioligand binding assays are the only way to conduct such studies. While various radioligands were employed in the past for this purpose, none were found to be suitable for routine use. Described in this unit are protocols for quantitatively and qualitatively assessing P2Y₁₂ receptors with [³H]PSB-0413, a selective antagonist for this site. The saturation and competition assays described herein make possible the determination of P2Y₁₂ receptor density on cells, as well as the potencies and affinities of test agents at this site.
Zero-Shot Voice Conditioning for Denoising Diffusion TTS Models (2022)

We present a novel way of conditioning a pretrained denoising diffusion speech model to produce speech in the voice of a novel person unseen during training. The method requires a short (~3 seconds) sample from the target person, and generation is steered at inference time, without any training steps. At the heart of the method lies a sampling process that combines the estimation of the denoising model with a low-pass version of the new speaker's sample. The objective and subjective evaluations show that our sampling method can generate a voice similar to that of the target speaker in terms of frequency, with an accuracy comparable to state-of-the-art methods, and without training.
Excited About Excitons (A "Life at the Frontiers of Energy Research" contest entry from the 2011 Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs) Summit and Forum) (2011)

"Excited about Excitons" was submitted by the Center for Excitonics (CE) to the "Life at the Frontiers of Energy Research" video contest at the 2011 Science for Our Nation's Energy Future: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs) Summit and Forum. Twenty-six EFRCs created short videos to highlight their mission and their work. This video was selected as one of five winners by a distinguished panel of judges for its "outstanding portrayal of young scientists". The Center for Excitonics (CE), an EFRC directed by Marc Baldo at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a partnership of scientists from three institutions: MIT (lead), Brookhaven National Laboratory, and Harvard University. The Office of Basic Energy Sciences in the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science established the 46 Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRCs) in 2009. These collaboratively-organized centers conduct fundamental research focused on 'grand challenges' and use-inspired 'basic research needs' recently identified in major strategic planning efforts by the scientific community. The overall purpose is to accelerate scientific progress toward meeting the nation's critical energy challenges. The mission of the Center for Excitonics (CE) is 'to understand the transport of charge carriers in synthetic disordered systems, which hold promise as new materials for conversion of solar energy to electricity and electrical energy storage.' Research topics are: solar photovoltaic, photonic, solid state lighting, photosynthesis, novel materials synthesis, charge transport, defect tolerant materials, scalable processing, and self-assembly.
<i>In vivo</i> selection reveals long non-coding RNAs implicated in colon to liver metastasis (2022)

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy in both American men and women. Most of the deaths attributed to CRC are a result of metastatic spread to the liver. In this study, colon cancer cells that highly metastasized to liver in vivo were compared to less metastatic parental cells to investigate the role for long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in CRC metastasis. The highly metastatic daughter cells (LS-3B) were found to be 63-fold more metastatic than the parental cell line (LS-PAR) in vivo . A lncRNA microarray comparing LS-PAR and LS-3B cells revealed that 104 lncRNAs had fold changes &gt; 2.0 and an FDR &lt; 0.05. Real time PCR mediated validation revealed many lncRNAs exhibited high fold changes such as a 60-fold increase in LOC101448202, a 20-fold increase in MRPL23-AS1 and 50-fold decreases in GNAS-AS1 and LOC101928131. In vivo metastasis differences could be recapitulated in vitro as LS-3B cells closed wounds faster than their parental LS-PAR cells. However, intestinal epithelial cancer cells with robust downregulation of MRPL23-AS1, C1QTNF1-AS1, GNAS-AS1, LINCR-0002 and LOC101448202 failed to display differences in comparison to controls in in vitro migration assays. Three of the five lncRNAs with microarray probes for currently available GEO-datasets were significantly altered in liver CRC-associated tumor biopsies as compared to the primary tumor of non-metastatic CRC. Further studies on the lncRNAs identified will better define their roles in metastasis and how they might be useful if targeted therapeutically.
Estimating forage intake of lactating dual-purpose cows using chromium oxide and n-alkanes as external markers (2007)

The n-alkanes have been used to estimate forage dry matter intake, digestibility and the diet composition in grazing animals. The objective this study was to compare chromium oxide and n-alkanes techniques used to estimate forage intake. Twenty lactating dual-purpose cows receiving two sources of fat (treatments: conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) or Megalac (control)) plus 4 kg of concentrate were dosed with n-alkanes and chromium oxide to estimate the intake of stargrass (Cynodon nlemfüensis Vanderyst var. nlemfüensis). The in vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility of the stargrass and concentrate were used to estimate the nutritive value of the digesta. The n-alkanes between C23 and C36 were quantified in the digesta and feces. The regression between metabolizable energy requirement (MEr, Mcal d-1) and supply derived from forage DM intake estimated using chromium oxide was ME IntakeCr = 19.1 + 0.62 MEr (R² = 0.27) and the same relationship estimated using C35:C36 n-alkane ratio was ME IntakeC35:C36 = 9.3 + 0.77 MEr (R² = 0.52). There was a treatment effect on fecal concentration of chromium oxide with daily and period variations. For the n-alkane technique, treatment and period effects and a linear effect of day of collection on the fecal concentrations of C35 were found. For C36 fecal concentrations, there was a treatment effect and a quadratic effect of collection day. There was no treatment effect on the fecal concentration of the C35:C36 ratio, but a period effect and a linear effect of day of collection were found. Estimates of daily intake using the two markers were different, but those obtained using the C35:C36 pair of n-alkanes were more precise than those obtained using chromium oxide and in vitro digestibility. Management of experimental animals could have influenced the concentration of markers in the feces, determining variations and inconsistencies that partially explain the inaccuracy of the estimates.
Can a polarization scrambler really depolarize light? (2011)

According to quantum theory, two ensembles of quantum systems that are described by the same density operator are indistinguishable. For example, unpolarized light can be obtained either by an incoherent mixture of two orthogonal pure states or by tracing out a photon from a maximally polarization-entangled photon pair. In both cases, one is unable to guess with probability greater than 50% the outcome of any polarization measurement, but the reasons are conceptually different: whereas the first case is a matter of classical ignorance (the photons were prepared in a definite but unknown way), the second one is of the quantum ignorance kind - if one cannot access the other degrees of freedom of the quantum state, there is no information that could be used to predict a measurement result. We use these concepts to discuss the quantum-physical interpretation of partially polarized light from the point of view of quantum communication and whether a polarization scrambler can really depolarize light. A novel definition of the degree of polarization of a single photon which does not depend on classical ignorance is also provided.
Hypertrophy of the Ligamentum Flavum in Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis is Associated with Abnormal Accumulation of Specific Lipids (2021)

Abstract Purpose. Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (HLF) is the most important component of lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS). Analysis of hypertrophied ligamentum flavum (HLF) samples from patients with LSCS can be an important que. The current study analyzed the surgical samples of HLF samples in patients with LCSC using quantitative and qualitative high performance-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Methods. We collected ligamentum flavum (LF) tissue from twelve patients with LSCS and from four patients with lumbar disk herniation (LDH). We defined LF from LSCS patients as HLF and that from LDH patients as non-hypertrophied ligamentum flavum (NHLF). Total lipids were extracted from the LF samples and evaluated for quantity and quality using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Results. The total lipid amount of the HLF group was 3.6 times higher than that of the NHLF group. Phosphatidylcholines (PCs), ceramides (Cers), O-acyl-ω-hydroxy fatty acids (OAHFAs), and triglycerides (TGs) in the HLF group were more than 32 times higher than those of the NHLF group. PC(26:0)+H+, PC(25:0)+H+, and PC(23:0)+H+ increased in all patients in the HLF group compared to the NHLF group. The thickness of the LF correlated significantly with PC(26:0)+H+ in HLF. Conclusion. We identified the enriched specific PCs, Cers, OAHFAs, and TGs in HLF.
Crystallization-induced short-range order changes in amorphous GeTe (2004)

By means of x-ray absorption fine structure and Raman scattering spectroscopies we demonstrate that the structure of amorphous GeTe is likely to be a mixture of 4(Ge):2(Te) and 3(Ge):3(Te)-coordinated structural units. Upon crystallization, a rhombohedral (distorted rocksalt) structure is established with about 10% of vacancies occurring on Ge sites. The vacancies are believed to play an important role in determining the ratio of 3(Ge):3(Te) and 4(Ge):2(Te) structural units.
Compact parametric hydrophone using nonlinear interaction within a cylindrical rubber waveguide (1979)

This paper investigates the effects of placing a rubber cylinder between the pump and receiving transducers in an otherwise conventional parametric receiver. The use of this rubber cylinder is experimentally found to increase parametric conversion gain by 20 to 24 dB, while simultaneously reducing beam width by a factor of two to three. These improvements are relative to the same pump-receiver separation distance (0.23 m) in water alone, over the experimental frequency range of 4.8 to 23 kHz. A theoretical model of this configuration is developed, using the numerical solution of the system of equations obtained by coupling the interior surface Helmholtz equation to the integral equation for the exterior of the cylinder. The resulting calculated beam patterns and efficiency levels are found to be in very good agreemnt with the data collected. Using this model, the observed efficincy improvement is found to be largely due to the slow speed of sound in this rubber (1018 m/s) as compared to water, while the directivity improvement is , to a significant extent, due to the acoustic slow-waveguide effect.
[Thyroid orbitopathy]. (2003)

Thyroid Orbitopathy (T.O) is the most common orbital disease caused by a systemic illness. The clinical manifestations of T.O are a result of inflammation, edema and scarring of orbital tissue, and include exophthalmos, soft tissue edema, lid retraction, chemosis, exposure keratitis that can lead to corneal ulceration and perforation, ocular motility disorders and strabismus, and compressive optic neuropathy. T.O is an autoimmune disease but the exact etiology is yet to be revealed. Most cases resolve spontaneously without the need for medical or surgical intervention, but more severe cases may result in devastating visual and cosmetic results. In recent years, there has been a significant progress in the understanding of the disease and the medical and surgical treatment of T.O. This work reviews new aspects of T.O and it's surgical treatment, and include clinical photographs of patients operated on in our department.
Production of a large diameter electron cyclotron resonance plasma using a multislot antenna for plasma application (1995)

An electron cyclotron resonance plasma with large diameter, uniform, and high electron density is produced using a multislot antenna. The uniformity of the plasma is within 5% over 20 cm in diameter. The electron density of the helium plasma in front of a substrate is 7×1010 cm−3, while the electron density without the substrate is higher than the cutoff density for 2.45 GHz. The effect of the magnetic field configuration on plasma uniformity is investigated. Both of the R wave (electron cyclotron wave) and L wave are found to be excited in the plasma.
Effect of the sintering temperature on microstructure and properties of Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> –Cu–Ni hybrid composites obtained by PPS (2020)

Abstract In the present research, the influence of sintering temperature on the microstructure and properties of Al 2 O 3 –Cu–Ni hybrid composites prepared by the Pulse Plasma Sintering (PPS) technique were described. In this research, three temperatures have been selected: 1250°C, 1300°C, and 1350°C. SEM observations were carried out to determine the distribution of the metallic phase in the composite depending on the sintering temperature. The conducted experiments and microscopic observations enabled a better understanding of the phenomena occurring between the ceramic matrix and metallic phase in the obtained materials. The mechanical properties like a hardness and fracture toughness were measured. The technology applied allowed us to obtain ceramic‐metal composites with a homogeneous microstructure. It was found that the sintering temperature influences the selected physical and mechanical properties of the composites produced. It was found that samples produced at 1300°C are characterized by the highest relative density and the mechanical properties.
Electron-electron interactions in one- and three-dimensional mesoscopic disordered rings: A perturbative approach (1995)

We have computed persistent currents in a disordered mesoscopic ring in the presence of small electron-electron interactions, treated in first-order perturbation theory. We have investigated both a contact (Hubbard) and a nearest-neighbor interaction in one dimension and three dimensions (3D). Our results show that a repulsive Hubbard interaction produces a paramagnetic contribution to the average current (whatever the dimension) and increases the value of the typical current. On the other hand, a nearest-neighbor repulsive interaction results in a diamagnetic contribution in 1D and a paramagnetic one in 3D, and tends to decrease the value of the typical current in any dimension. Our study is based on numerical simulations on the Anderson model where the disorder is treated exactly. The numerical results could be justified analytically in the limit of very weak disorder. We have also investigated the influence of the amount of disorder and of the statistical (canonical or grand canonical) ensemble.
Modal dispersion compensation by using digital coherent receiver with adaptive equalization in multi-mode fiber transmission (2013)

Modal dispersion compensation is demonstrated by using electrical adaptive equalization for a multi-mode fiber (MMF) transmission with multipath interference resulting from mode conversion caused by axial deviations in the transmission line. We reveal that we can realize a 20 km 50 μm-core GI-MMF transmission even if mode conversions are intentionally introduced by two 5 μm axial deviations in the transmission line.
Functionalization of Phospholide Ions: Expanding the Scope by Changing the Base (2008)

The sequence phospholide ion → 1-functional phosphole → 2-functional-2H-phosphole → 2-functional phospholide ion is best carried out using the starting phospholide both as a reagent and a base. Using this technique, it is possible to create in one pot α-connected phosphole−silylene−phosphole, phosphole−silylene−thiophene, and phosphole−silylene−alkyne chains. When applied to a 1,1′-biphospholyl, this technique leads to a 2-phospholylphosphole.
Hierarchical, Vertically‐Oriented Carbon Nanowall Foam Supercapacitor Using Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Mixture for AC Line Filtering with Ultrahigh Energy Density (2019)

Abstract The front cover artwork is provided by Prof. Zheng Bo and Dr. Huachao Yang, Zhejiang University (Zhejiang, China). The image shows a hierarchical, vertically‐oriented carbon nanowall foam supercapacitor that uses a room‐temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) mixture. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/celc.201801825 .
Nitrous oxide emissions of a mesh separated single stage deammonification reactor (2018)

It is widely accepted that partial nitrification by ANAMMOX has the potential to become one of the key processes in wastewater treatment. However, large greenhouse gas emissions have been panobserved in many cases. A novel mesh separated reactor, developed to allow continuous operation of deammonification at smaller scale without external biomass selection, was compared to a conventional single-chamber deammonification sequencing batch reactor (SBR), where both were equally-sized pilot-scale reactors. The mesh reactor consisted of an aerated and an anoxic zone separated by a mesh. The resulting differences in the structure of the microbial community were detected by next-generation sequencing. When both systems were operated in a sequencing batch mode, both systems had comparable nitrous oxide emission factors in the range of 4% to 5% of the influent nitrogen load. A significant decrease was observed after switching from sequencing batch mode to continuous operation.
Chronic pancreatitis in patients with liver cirrhosis negatively affects graft survival after liver transplantation (2018)

Limited data exists concerning the coincidence of chronic pancreatitis (CP) and liver cirrhosis with respect to the patient outcome after liver transplantation (LT). The aim of the study was to identify risk factors for graft loss after liver transplantation and to evaluate the impact of CP on graft survival.