gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Epidermal Growth Factor-like Domain of CD93 Is a Potent Angiogenic Factor (2012)

Human CD93, an epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain containing transmembrane protein, is predominantly expressed in the vascular endothelium. Studies have shown that AA4, the homolog of CD93 in mice, may mediate cell migration and angiogenesis in endothelial cells. Soluble CD93 has been detected in the plasma of healthy individuals. However, the role of soluble CD93 in the endothelium remains unclear. Recombinant soluble CD93 proteins with EGF-like domains (rCD93D123, with domains 1, 2, and 3; and rCD93D23, with domains 2 and 3) were generated to determine their functions in angiogenesis. We found that rCD93D23 was more potent than rCD93D123 in stimulating the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Production of matrix-metalloproteinase 2 increased after the HUVECs were treated with rCD93D23. Further, in a tube formation assay, rCD93D23 induced cell differentiation of HUVECs through phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase and extracellular signal-regulated kinases-1/2 signaling. Moreover, rCD93D23 promoted blood vessel formation in a Matrigel-plug assay and an oxygen-induced retinopathy model in vivo. Our findings suggest that the soluble EGF-like domain containing CD93 protein is a novel angiogenic factor acting on the endothelium.
Scene-based techniques for nonuniformity correction of infrared focal plane arrays (1998)

Images employing focal plane array detectors suffer from aliasing and fixed pattern noise generated by nonuniformities in the response of the detector elements. Aliasing which is caused by undersampling may be removed by microscan which extends the spatial bandwidth of the images by a factor of two. The presence of fixed pattern noise which is caused by nonuniformities in the detector responses is more difficult to eliminate. It severely reduces the performance of imagery and its removal is essential. This paper compares the performance of representative methods for reducing the effect of fixed pattern noise through simulated results. Preliminary results are presented for an alternative method currently under development.
Interactions between Mn dopant and oxygen vacancy for insulation performance of BaTiO3 (2016)

We performed first-principles calculations and electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements on Mn-doped perovskite BaTiO3 (BT) ceramics in order to investigate the interactions between Mn dopant and O vacancy (VO). We discovered the following two. First, VOs are stabilized at the nearest neighbor O site of Mn at a Ti site and this results in the suppression of VO diffusion. Second, electrons generated by the formation of VOs are trapped in unoccupied Mn-3d orbitals in the BT bandgap. This indicates that the valence state of Mn changes according to the VO density. We synthesized Mn-doped BT by varying the partial pressure of O2 gas and examined the Mn valence states with ESR measurements. We successfully observed that the majority type of Mn ions (2+, 3+, and 4+) depends on O2 gas pressure of the firing atmosphere. According to these theoretical and experimental investigations, we concluded that Mn dopants have two effects, i.e., VO and electron carrier trapping. Moreover, the mechanisms of Mn doping in BT improved the insulation resistance, and the reliability of BT-based ceramic capacitors/condensers were thoroughly examined.
Intrarenal haemodynamics and renal dysfunction in endotoxaemia: effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibition (1997)

1. This study investigated the effects of low dose endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) on (i) systemic haemodynamics, (ii) renal blood flow (RBF), (iii) renal cortical and medullary perfusion and (iv) renal function in the anaesthetized rat. We have also investigated the effects of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) inhibition with NG-methyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) on the alterations in systemic and renal haemodynamics and renal function caused by endotoxin. 2. Infusion of low dose LPS (1 mg kg-1 over 30 min, n = 6) caused a late fall in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP, at 5 and 6 h after LPS), but did not cause an early (at 1-4 h after LPS) hypotension. The pressor effect of noradrenaline (NA, 1 microgram kg-1, i.v.) was significantly reduced at 1 to 6 h after LPS (vascular hyporeactivity). Infusion of L-NMMA (50 micrograms kg-1 min-1 commencing 60 min before LPS and continued throughout the experiment, n = 7) abolished the delayed hypotension and significantly attenuated the vascular hyporeactivity to NA (at 2-6 h). 3. Infusion of LPS (1 mg kg-1 over 30 min, n = 6) caused a rapid (within 2 h) decline in renal function (measured by inulin clearance) in the absence of a significant fall in MAP or renal blood flow (RBF). L-NMMA (n = 7) attenuated the impairment in renal function caused by LPS so that the inulin clearance in LPS-rats treated with L-NMMA was significantly greater than in LPS-rats treated with vehicle (control) at 3-6 h after infusion of LPS. 4. Endotoxaemia also caused a significant reduction in renal cortical, but not medullary perfusion (measured as Laser Doppler flux). Infusion of L-NMMA caused a significant further fall in cortical perfusion and a significant fall in medullary perfusion in the absence of changes in RBF. 5. Infusion of LPS resulted in a progressive increase in the plasma levels of nitrite/nitrate (an indicator of the formation of NO), so that the plasma concentration of nitrite/nitrate was significantly higher than baseline at 150 to 330 min after LPS. Infusion of L-NMMA attenuated the rise in the plasma concentration of nitrite/nitrate (at 270 and 330 min, P < 0.05) caused by LPS. 6. Thus, the renal dysfunction caused by injection of low dose of endotoxin in the rat occurs in the absence of significant falls in blood pressure or total renal blood flow. Inhibition of NOS activity with L-NMMA attenuates the renal dysfunction caused by endotoxin (without improving intrarenal haemodynamics), suggesting that an overproduction of NO may contribute to the development of renal injury and dysfunction by causing direct cytotoxic effects.
Abstract 1933: Tissue print Vmem imaging: Visualizing bioelectric signatures in cancer (2019)

Abstract Work in models of embryonic development shows that membrane voltage, or resting potential (Vmem), regulates cell behaviors that are disrupted in cancer, including proliferation, migration, apoptosis, homeostasis, and cell-cell signaling. Normal cells and tissues maintain stereotypical patterns of Vmem and these patterns are recognizable in Vmem Imaging as bioelectric signatures. In embryonic tissues, cells that are relatively undifferentiated are usually less negative (depolarized) than fully differentiated cells, and different cell lineages have characteristic bioelectric signatures. Recently, the development of innovative imaging technologies using Voltage Sensitive Dyes (VSDs) allows the visualization of Vmem in living cells and tissues. In culture, Vmem Imaging using VSDs can readily differentiate between sister breast cancer cell lines of low and high metastatic potential (EpH4 and EpH4.2, respectively). Although the cultures are identical in bright field images, Vmem Imaging shows a dramatically more heterogeneous bioelectric signature for EpH4.2 than for EpH4 cells, consistent with reduced gap junctional communication. One of the challenges of Vmem Imaging has been the limited thickness of tissue that can be analyzed using the VSDs (about 50 microns). To overcome this limitation, we have combined innovative Tissue Print technologies with Vmem Imaging in order to visualize patterns of electric potential in living cancer cells obtained from human surgical specimens. Tissue Prints are touch preps that transfer a thin layer of viable cells to a nitrocellulose membrane as an oriented imprint; biomarkers identified on these tissues prints can be mapped back to the source tissue to establish pathology and gene expression correlations. Tissue Print Vmem Imaging of radical prostatectomy specimens shows differentiation of bioelectric signatures between cancer and adjacent benign tissue and between cancer of different grades (Gleason pattern 3 and pattern 4). Such differences in bioelectric signatures represent unexplored cancer phenotypes that are made accessible by Tissue Print Vmem Imaging technologies. Citation Format: Dany S. Adams, Brian H. Tracey, Larry Takiff, James Kearns, Stephen P. Naber, Sandra M. Gaston. Tissue print Vmem imaging: Visualizing bioelectric signatures in cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1933.
Operating system support for parallel programming on RP3 (1991)

RP3, the Research Parallel Processing Prototype, was a research vehicle for exploring the hardware and software aspects of highly parallel computation. RP3 was a shared-memory machine that was designed to be scalable to 512 processors; a 64-processor machine was in operation from October 1988 through March 1991. A parallel-programming environment based on the Mach operating system was developed, and a variety of programming models were tested on the machine. To help user programs realize the full potential of parallelism on RP3, the RP3 operating system was extended to support such RP3 architectural features as noncoherent caches, local and interleaved storage, and a hardware performance monitor. The system included explicit job-scheduling and processor-allocation facilities, facilities for exploiting the RP3 memory hierarchy, and performance-data collection and logging facilities. This paper describes these components of the RP3 operating system, provides the rationale for the design decisions that were made, and discusses the implementation of these operating system facilities.
Molecular glass resists for scanning probe lithography (2014)

The presented work deals with molecular glass resist materials based on (i) calix[4]resorcinarene resist systems, (ii) twisted fully aromatic biscarbazole-biphenyl materials, and (iii) fully aromatic spiro resist materials as new promising materials for Scanning Probe Lithography (SPL). Because of the non-chemically amplified resist nature and the absence of corresponding material diffusion, the novel SPL resists have the potential to increase the patterning resolution capabilities at a simultaneous reduction of the edge roughness (LER). In addition, these low molecular weight molecular glasses offer the advantage of solvent-free film preparation by physical vapor deposition (PVD). The PVD prepared films offer a number of advantages compared to spin coated ones such as no more pinholes, defects, or residual solvent domains, which can locally affect the film properties. These high-quality PVD films are ideal candidates for the direct patterning by SPL tools. Presented highlights are the thermal scanning probe lithography (tSPL) investigations at IBM Research - Zurich and the patterning by using electric field, current controlled scanning probe lithography (EF-CC-SPL) at the Technical University of Ilmenau. Further investigations on film forming behavior, etch resistance, and etch transfer are presented. Owing to the high-resolution probe based patterning capability in combination with their improved etch selectivity compared to reference polymeric resists the presented molecular glass resists are highly promising candidates for lithography at the single nanometer digit level.
Single‐voxel MRS with prospective motion correction and retrospective frequency correction (2010)

Subject motion during MRS investigations is a factor limiting the quality and the diagnostic value of the spectra. The possibility of using external motion tracking data to correct for artefacts in MR imaging has been demonstrated previously. In this paper the utility of prospective motion correction for single-voxel proton MRS is investigated. The object motion data are used in real time to update the position of the spectroscopy voxel during the acquisition prior to every sequence repetition cycle. It is not, however, sufficient to update the voxel position alone due to shim changes accompanying subject motion. Adverse effects of frequency shifts induced by subject motion are effectively suppressed by the interleaved reference scan method.
Cardiac Malformation in Neonatal Mice Lacking Connexin43 (1995)

Gap junctions are made up of connexin proteins, which comprise a multigene family in mammals. Targeted mutagenesis of connexin43 (Cx43), one of the most prevalent connexin proteins, showed that its absence was compatible with survival of mouse embryos to term, even though mutant cell lines showed reduced dye coupling in vitro. However, mutant embryos died at birth, as a result of a failure in pulmonary gas exchange caused by a swelling and blockage of the right ventricular outflow tract from the heart. This finding suggests that Cx43 plays an essential role in heart development but that there is functional compensation among connexins in other parts of the developing fetus.
Growth kinetics of Si hemispherical grains on clean amorphous-Si surfaces (1993)

In solid-phase growth on SiO2 layers of amorphous-Si (a-Si) having clean, native oxide-free surfaces under ultrahigh vacuum conditions, a novel mode of crystallization can be observed: upward growth of Si grains resulting in the formation of nearly hemispherical-shaped grains protruding from the flat surface. Kinetics of the grain growth has been studied by measuring the annealing time and temperature dependence of the hemispherical grain size. The growth behavior is well explained by a model based on the crystallization of surface diffusive atoms supplied only from where the edge of the hemispherical grain contacts the a-Si surface. The activation energy for hemispherical grain growth was found to be 2.3±0.1 eV from the temperature dependence of the flux density, defined as the number of atoms crystallized per unit time per unit surface area enclosed by the edge. The atomistic mechanism for the hemispherical shape formation and the origin of the activation energy are also discussed.
General Trend of Lipase to Self-Assemble Giving Bimolecular Aggregates Greatly Modifies the Enzyme Functionality (2003)

Three microbial lipases (those from Candida rugosa, Humicola lanuginosa, and Mucor miehei) have been found to exhibit a tendency to form bimolecular aggregates in solution even at very low enzyme concentrations (44 microg/mL) in the absence of a detergent, as detected by gel filtration. The monomolecular form of the enzymes was found as unique only at low enzyme concentration and in the presence of detergents. However, in the case of the lipase B from Candida antarctica, no bimolecular form could be identified even at enzyme concentrations as high as 1.2 mg/mL in the absence of detergent. It has been stated that bimolecular and monomolecular structures display very different functional properties: (i) the enzyme specific activity decreased when the lipase concentration increased; (ii) the bimolecular form was much more stable than the monomeric one yielding a higher optimal T (increasing between 5 and 10 degrees C) and higher stability in inactivation experiments (the dimer half-life became several orders of magnitude higher than that of the monomer); (iii) the enantioselectivity depended on the enzyme concentration even after immobilization. For example, with use of the lipase from H. lanuginosa, the enantiomeric excess of the remaining ester in the hydrolysis of fully soluble ethyl ester of (R,S)-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoic acid varied from 4 to 57 when the concentrated or diluted enzyme immobilized on PEI support, respectively, was used. It seems that the bimolecular structure of lipases might be formed by two open lipase molecules (interfacially activating each other) in very close contact and hence with a very altered active center.
Data from Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Traffic Inducer (NOSTRIN) is a Negative Regulator of Disease Aggressiveness in Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is refractory to available treatments. Delineating critical pathways, responsible for disease aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance, may identify effective therapeutic targets. We aimed to identify key pathways contributing to disease aggressiveness by comparing gene expression profiles of tumors from early-stage PDAC cases with extremely poor survival (≤7 months) and those surviving 2 years or more following surgical resection.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Gene expression profiling was performed in tumors in a test cohort of PDAC (&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt; = 50), which included short (≤7 months, &lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt; = 11) and long surviving (≥2 years, &lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt; = 14) patients, using affymetrix GeneChip Human 1.0 ST array. Key genes associated with disease aggressiveness were identified, using Cox regression, Kaplan–Meier, and pathway analyses with validations in independent cohorts for mechanistic and functional analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Gene expression profiling identified 1,820 differentially expressed genes between short and long survival groups with inflammatory gene network ranking first. Lower expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase traffic inducer (NOSTRIN) was associated with worst survival indicating its potential inhibitory role in disease progression. NOSTRIN overexpression suppressed migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells and enhanced sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine. NOSTRIN inhibited production of nitric oxide (NO) by suppressing the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Furthermore, miR-221, bound to the 3′UTR of NOSTRIN and suppressed its expression, and an increased miR-221 expression associated with poor survival in PDAC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Our findings showed that NOSTRIN is a potential negative regulator of disease aggressiveness, which may be targeted for designing improved treatment strategy in PDAC. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 22(24); 5992–6001. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A survey on methods for colour image indexing and retrieval in image databases (2002)

Color is a feature of the great majority of content-based image retrieval systems. However the robustness, effectiveness, and efficiency of its use in image indexing are still open issues. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of the methods for color image indexing and retrieval described in the literature. In particular, image preprocessing, the features used to represent color information, and the measures adopted to compute the similarity between the features of two images are critically analyzed.
Numerical wave optical analysis of microlens array telescopes and comparison with experimental results (2003)

We present a numerical wave optical model to describe the complex behavior of coaxial and decentered microlens-array-based telescopes illuminated by an incoherent angular spectrum of plane waves. With the use of this model we have been able to observe major performance differences between Galilean and Keplerian setups, which to our knowledge were not described before. The results of the simulations are compared with experimental results; the images of multimode fiber end faces are characterized with respect to transfer efficiency and intensity distribution. The results are also explained by use of modified existing analytical models.
Immunohistological detection of macrophages in bladder cancer. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;TUR-BT specimens stained with a negative control antibody (a); intratumoral CD68&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; macrophages (b), MAC387&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; macrophages (c), and CLEVER-1/Stabilin-1&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; macrophages and vessels (d). Filled arrows indicate positively stained macrophages, and unfilled arrows indicate CLEVER-1/Stabilin-1&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; vessels. Magnification 40×, scale bar 100 μm.&lt;/p&gt;
Prevalence of the E321G <i>MYH1</i> variant in Brazilian Quarter Horses (2021)

The reported cases of MYHM and the high prevalence of the MYH1 mutation found in the assessed Brazilian QH population, particularly in reining QHs, suggests that MYHM should be included in genetic screening. Reasonable control measures are important to prevent an increase in the incidence of MYHM in QHs in Brazil.
Cholinesterase inhibitory activity of highly functionalized fluorinated spiropyrrolidine heterocyclic hybrids (2020)

Two series of dimethoxyindanone imbedded novel fluorinated spiropyrrolidine heterocyclic hybrids were synthesized employing two different less explored azomethine ylides and were measured for their efficiency as inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease. Among the spiropyrrolidine heterocyclic hybrids, the indole based fluorinated compound with a methoxy substituent at the <i>meta-</i> position of the aryl ring exhibited the utmost potent AChE and BChE inhibitory activities with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 1.97 ± 0.19 µM and 7.08 ± 0.20 µM respectively. The plausible mechanism of inhibition on ChE receptors was unveiled via molecular docking studies.
Transport parameters for pulsed ultrasonic waves propagating in an aluminum foam (2002)

Aluminum foams have now been studied for many years in large part because of their applications as light-weight elastic materials (e.g., car bumpers, aerospace engineering applications). The pore size and the spatial distribution of the pores govern the mechanical behavior of the foam and can vary enormously depending on the method of manufacturing. Thus, new methods for the nondestructive characterization of these materials are needed. We present here a set of experimental ultrasonic methods in a range of frequencies where the ultrasonic waves are multiply scattered in the medium. In this regime, the propagation is described by ultrasonic transport parameters which are related to the microstructure of the foam. The diffusion coefficient and the absorption mean free path have been determined in pulse transmission experiments by fitting the solution of the diffusion equation to the average intensity, the so-called time of flight distribution. To more fully characterize the medium, the transport mean path and the diffusion coefficient have been measured in backscattering experiments using the static and dynamic coherent backscattering effects. For both methods, the properties of the sample interfaces have been taken into account.
Lack of regression of anal squamous intraepithelial lesions despite immune restoration under cART (2012)

Our results show a high prevalence and incidence of ASIL in HIV-infected MSM despite immune restoration under cART. These data emphasize that HIV-positive MSM although receiving effective cART remain at high risk of anal squamous intra-epithelial lesions.