gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of Human Prostaglandin Transporter in the Human Endometrium across the Menstrual Cycle (2005)

Prostaglandins (PGs) are important regulators of reproductive function. The mechanism by which PGs are transported across the biological membrane is a new emerging field of investigation. Prostaglandin transporter (PGT) has been identified as a functional PG carrier. The aim of our study was to outline the expression of PGT in the human endometrium across the menstrual cycle. Quantitative RT-PCR showed human PGT (hPGT) expression to be strong in the proliferative and early secretory phases and low in the middle to late secretory phase. Northern blot analysis revealed hPGT mRNA transcript of 4 kb in the human endometrium. A peptide-directed polyclonal antibody was generated in rabbits against the 22 amino acids forming the C terminus of hPGT. Antibody specificity was demonstrated by Western blot. Immunoblots of endogenous hPGT in the human endometrium revealed a 70-kDa protein in endometrial cells. Endometrial biopsies collected across the menstrual cycle were used to assess hPGT protein expression by immunohistochemistry. hPGT was immunolocalized to luminal, glandular epithelial, and stromal cells. Because it was observed at the mRNA level, semiquantitative analysis showed a higher protein expression in proliferative and early secretory phases than in the mid-late secretory phase. In conclusion, our study revealed that hPGT expression is modulated in epithelial and stromal cells of the human endometrium at both mRNA and protein levels during the menstrual cycle. These findings support a role for hPGT as an important new player in the regulation of PG action in the human endometrium.
Tissue-specific subnetworks and characteristics of publicly available human protein interaction databases (2011)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Brief Report: Erosions and Sclerosis on Radiographs Precede the Subsequent Development of Syndesmophytes at the Same Site: A Twelve‐Year Prospective Followup of Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis (2014)

Erosions and sclerosis occur infrequently in patients with AS, but when they do occur, they precede the development of a new syndesmophyte, and are therefore important to assess.
DIET: Dynamic Integration of Extended Tracklets for Tracking Multiple Persons (2014)

While online approaches for multi-person tracking are still hard to deal with occlusions, many tracking methods use a global data association approach to find person trajectories on a long segment of consecutive frames. Such offline approaches often cause long output latencies, which are unsuitable for camera-based surveillance systems. Based on an observation that the current position of an object should be estimated from both its past and future positions that are observed in a short period of time, we propose a novel object tracking method based on a dynamic programming framework. This method iteratively associates and integrates track lets obtained by visual tracking which are observed just before and after occlusions. We always produce outputs at a constant short delay time, and requires only the standard HOG detector for high performance. Our tracking method can run at 10-60 fps on a single CPU core, and attains the state-of-the-art performance for the Town Center dataset.
ThimbleSense: A Fingertip-Wearable Tactile Sensor for Grasp Analysis (2015)

Accurate measurement of contact forces between hand and grasped objects is crucial to study sensorimotor control during grasp and manipulation. In this work, we introduce ThimbleSense, a prototype of individual-digit wearable force/torque sensor based on the principle of intrinsic tactile sensing. By exploiting the integration of this approach with an active marker-based motion capture system, the proposed device simultaneously measures absolute position and orientation of the fingertip, which in turn yields measurements of contacts and force components expressed in a global reference frame. The main advantage of this approach with respect to more conventional solutions is its versatility. Specifically, ThimbleSense can be used to study grasping and manipulation of a wide variety of objects, while still retaining complete force/torque measurements. Nevertheless, validation of the proposed device is a necessary step before it can be used for experimental purposes. In this work, we present the results of a series of experiments designed to validate the accuracy of ThimbleSense measurements and evaluate the effects of distortion of tactile afferent inputs caused by the device's rigid shells on grasp forces.
A backward compatible 3D scene coding using residual prediction (2008)

In order to represent 3D space, we have proposed to use the representation that consists of multi-view video plus a single view depth map. This format is backward compatible with the MPEG-C Part 3 (a.k.a. ISO/IEC 23002-3). This paper proposes a coding scheme on this 3D space representation that is efficient even if low delay decoding functionality is required. We apply the residual prediction framework to the view synthesis prediction errors. Experiments show that the proposed scheme achieves up to about 7.7% bitrate reduction compared to multi-view video coding with disparity compensation, even if the depth map video is added. Furthermore, the proposed scheme doesn’t require any syntax changes to the conventional video coding standard and it needs few modifications on the circuits of conventional video codecs; it might be possible to reuse almost all of the components. The backward compatibility and reusability achieved by the proposed scheme are quite important to reduce manufacturing costs and time to market.
Design of near-zero refractive index metamaterials using &amp;#x03B5; and &amp;#x03BC; near-zero media (2012)

Near-zero refractive index metamaterials composed of epsilon near zero and mu near zero media constructed by cross and square loop structure, respectively, are proposed. The simulation results have shown that the designed metamaterials can generate a low loss transmission with a refractive index near zero at the operating frequency.
Compact FPGA-based systolic array architecture suitable for vision systems (2007)

Motion estimation is a very computational demanding operation during video compression process in standards such as MPEG4, thus special hardware architectures are required to achieve real-time compression performance. The present work focuses on the development of a reconfigurable systolic-based architecture implementing the Full Search Block Matching Algorithm (FBMA) which is highly computing-intensive and requires a large bandwidth to obtain real-time performance. The architecture comprises a smart memory scheme to reduce the number of accesses to data memory and Router elements to handle data movement among different structures inside the same architecture, adding the possibility of chaining interconnection of multiple processing blocks. Every Processing Element (PE) in the array includes a double ALU in order to search multiple macroblocks in parallel. The functionality has been extended to support operations involved in some other low-level image algorithms. Results show that a peak performance in the order of 9 GOPS can be achieved.
Serum and intestinal isotype antibody responses and correlates of protective immunity to human rotavirus in a gnotobiotic pig model of disease (2015)

We examined the antibody responses and protection to a human rotavirus (HRV) in gnotobiotic (Gn) pigs. Pigs were perorally (p.o.) inoculated with attenuated (group 1), virulent (group 2), or inactivated (group 3) Wa (P1A[8]G1) HRV. A fourth group was inoculated intramuscularly (i.m.) with inactivated Wa HRV in adjuvant. After p.o. challenge with virulent Wa HRV at post-inoculation day 21, most group 1, 3 and 4 pigs shed virus and developed diarrhoea, whereas this occurred in only a few group 2 pigs. Antibodies to HRV (IgM, IgA or IgG) were detected in serum and intestinal contents of pigs of all groups after virus inoculation or challenge, and the antibody titres in intestinal contents, although lower, showed similar kinetics to the serum responses. There was no correlation between protection and neutralizing antibody titres of serum or intestinal contents, but a positive correlation existed between protection and serum IgA, intestinal IgA and intestinal IgG antibody titres. These findings suggest that serum IgA antibodies to HRV could act as an indicator of IgA antibodies in the intestine after rotavirus infection. The virulent HRV elicited protective immunity and higher levels of serum and intestinal IgA antibodies to HRV compared to attenuated and inactivated HRV. These findings suggest that more efficient mucosal delivery systems and/or adjuvants are needed to enhance the intestinal immune responses to attenuated or inactivated HRV if more successful vaccination is to be achieved in neonates.
Causal modelling demonstrates metabolic power is largely affected by gait kinematics and motor control in children with cerebral palsy (2023)

Metabolic power (net energy consumed while walking per unit time) is, on average, two-to-three times greater in children with cerebral palsy (CP) than their typically developing peers, contributing to greater physical fatigue, lower levels of physical activity and greater risk of cardiovascular disease. The goal of this study was to identify the causal effects of clinical factors that may contribute to high metabolic power demand in children with CP. We included children who 1) visited Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare for a quantitative gait assessment after the year 2000, 2) were formally diagnosed with CP, 3) were classified as level I-III under the Gross Motor Function Classification System and 4) were 18 years old or younger. We created a structural causal model that specified the assumed relationships of a child's gait pattern (i.e., gait deviation index, GDI) and common impairments (i.e., dynamic and selective motor control, strength, and spasticity) with metabolic power. We estimated causal effects using Bayesian additive regression trees, adjusting for factors identified by the causal model. There were 2157 children who met our criteria. We found that a child's gait pattern, as summarized by the GDI, affected metabolic power approximately twice as much as the next largest contributor. Selective motor control, dynamic motor control, and spasticity had the next largest effects. Among the factors we considered, strength had the smallest effect on metabolic power. Our results suggest that children with CP may benefit more from treatments that improve their gait pattern and motor control than treatments that improve spasticity or strength.
Validation of Modeling Hoechst AZ PN114 for EUV Projection Lithography and Investigation of Diffusion Effects (1994)

A dissolution rate model for Hoechst AZ PN114 for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) exposure is described and experimental results of effects of processing conditions on 0.1 μm imaging are presented. The dissolution model is based on volumetric energy deposited in the resist in J/cm 3 and uses a standard molecular weight increase. It is derived from published electron-beam [2] and EUV [3] data along with new experiments at EUV wavelengths and was implemented in the SAMPLE lithography program by adding a new development rate Comparisons made between SEM cross-sections and simulations using proto-typical aberrations show similar undercutting shapes characteristic at these wavelengths but did not fully describe the top corner rounding. An extensive matrix of experiments of post exposure bake (PEB) time ranging from 2 1/2 minutes to 15 minutes and PEB temperature from 95°C to 115°C and exposure dose from 1.5 mJ/cm 2 to 10 mJ/cm 2 was carried out at Brookhaven National Laboratory in conjunction with AT &amp; T Bell Laboratories to explore sensitivity tradeoffs and possible diffusion effects. Nominal conditions for 0.1 μm imaging were exposure at 3 mJ/cm 2 and post exposure bake for 5 minutes at 105°C. In general, an increase of 5°C requires a dose decrease of 1.5 mJ/cm 2 and every 5 minute increase in bake time leads to a decrease of 1.2 mJ/cm 2 to obtain similar sized features. It was observed that the AZ PN114 resist shows little diffusion except at high PEB temperatures of about 115°C. Debris or image imperfections seemed to be more noticeable at long PEB times.
Mutation of copper binding sites on cellular prion protein abolishes its inhibitory action on NMDA receptors in mouse hippocampal neurons (2021)

We have previously reported that cellular prion protein (PrP<sup>C</sup>) can down-regulate NMDA receptor activity and in a copper dependent manner. Here, we employed AAV9 to introduce murine cellular prion protein into mouse hippocampal neurons in primary cultures from PrP null mice to determine the role of the six copper binding motifs located within the N-terminal domain of PrP<sup>C</sup>. The results demonstrate that viral expression of wild type PrP<sup>C</sup> lowers NMDAR activity in PrP null mouse hippocampal neurons by reducing the magnitude of non-desensitizing currents. Elimination of the last two copper binding sites alone, or in combination with the remaining four attenuates this protective effect. Thus our data suggest that copper ion interactions with specific binding sites on PrP<sup>C</sup> are critical for PrP<sup>C</sup> dependent modulation of NMDA receptor function.
Silicon on insulator for symmetry-converted growth (2007)

Integration of metals and semiconductors having three- or sixfold symmetry on device-oriented [i.e., (001)] silicon wafers, which have fourfold symmetry, has been a long-standing challenge. The authors demonstrate that, by using symmetry-converted (111) silicon on insulator, wurtzite-structure gallium nitride, which has threefold symmetry, can be integrated with Si(001). The stability of the symmetry-converted Si(111) layer makes this technique appealing to the commercial integration of wide-ranging important materials onto Si(001) base wafers.
Tree-Structured Infinite Sparse Factor Model. (2011)

A tree-structured multiplicative gamma process (TMGP) is developed, for inferring the depth of a tree-based factor-analysis model. This new model is coupled with the nested Chinese restaurant process, to nonparametrically infer the depth and width (structure) of the tree. In addition to developing the model, theoretical properties of the TMGP are addressed, and a novel MCMC sampler is developed. The structure of the inferred tree is used to learn relationships between high-dimensional data, and the model is also applied to compressive sensing and interpolation of incomplete images.
A Tailored Approach to the Syntheses of Electroactive Dendrimers Based on Diaminoanthraquinones (1999)

A variety of extended building blocks, based on isomeric diaminoanthraquinones, has been synthesized and used to construct a series of electroactive dendrimers. The resulting macromolecules are characterized by chromophoric moieties embedded at a specific distance from both the core and the periphery of the dendritic constructs. These anthraquinone-based dendrimers show different electrochemical, spectroscopic, and solubility properties as a function of the nature of the dendritic core and of the isomeric monomer employed.
Downregulation by cryptococcal polysaccharide of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 beta secretion from human monocytes (1995)

The regulation by Cryptococcus neoformans encapsulation of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production by human monocytes was investigated. By using encapsulated and acapsular C. neoformans, we demonstrated that both strains induce cytokine production, although the acapsular strain was a better stimulator than the thinly encapsulated strain. The cytokine levels produced by cells stimulated by the two strains were lower and followed a different kinetic than those stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Purified capsular polysaccharide inhibits TNF-alpha secretion induced by LPS or acapsular C. neoformans. In contrast, no regulator effect on IL-1 beta was observed when LPS was used. The secretory response of these cytokines follows different pathways of macrophage activation; in fact, complete inhibition of TNF-alpha does not affect IL-1 beta production and vice versa. These data indicate that purified capsular polysaccharide of C. neoformans could contribute to the in vivo progress of cryptococcosis by suppressing cytokine production of macrophages and suggest that a therapeutic approach to address the suppressive effect of cryptococal polysaccharide could be devised.
Microstructural evolution of martensitic steels during fast neutron irradiation (1989)

Irradiation of martensitic/ferritic steels with fast neutrons (E > 0.1 MeV) to displacement damage levels of 30--50 dpa at temperatures of 300--500{degree}C produces significant changes in the as-tempered microstructure. Dislocation loops and networks can be produced, irradiation-induced precipitates can form, the lath/subgrain boundary structure and the thermal precipitates produced during tempering can become unstable, and if helium is present, bubbles and voids can form. These microstructural changes caused by irradiation can have important effects on the properties of this class of steels for both fast breeder reactor (FBR) and magnetic fusion reactor (MFR) applications. The purpose of this paper is to compare reactor-irradiated and long-term thermally aged 9Cr--1MoVNb specimens, in order to distinguish effects due to displacement damage from those caused by elevated-temperature exposure alone. 7 refs., 1 fig.
Age- and sex-dependent susceptibility to phenobarbital-resistant neonatal seizures: role of chloride co-transporters (2015)

Ischemia in the immature brain is an important cause of neonatal seizures. Temporal evolution of acquired neonatal seizures and their response to anticonvulsants are of great interest, given the unreliability of the clinical correlates and poor efficacy of first-line anti-seizure drugs. The expression and function of the electroneutral chloride co-transporters KCC2 and NKCC1 influence the anti-seizure efficacy of GABAA-agonists. To investigate ischemia-induced seizure susceptibility and efficacy of the GABAA-agonist phenobarbital (PB), with NKCC1 antagonist bumetanide (BTN) as an adjunct treatment, we utilized permanent unilateral carotid-ligation to produce acute ischemic-seizures in post-natal day 7, 10, and 12 CD1 mice. Immediate post-ligation video-electroencephalograms (EEGs) quantitatively evaluated baseline and post-treatment seizure burdens. Brains were examined for stroke-injury and western blot analyses to evaluate the expression of KCC2 and NKCC1. Severity of acute ischemic seizures post-ligation was highest at P7. PB was an efficacious anti-seizure agent at P10 and P12, but not at P7. BTN failed as an adjunct, at all ages tested and significantly blunted PB-efficacy at P10. Significant acute post-ischemic downregulation of KCC2 was detected at all ages. At P7, males displayed higher age-dependent seizure susceptibility, associated with a significant developmental lag in their KCC2 expression. This study established a novel neonatal mouse model of PB-resistant seizures that demonstrates age/sex-dependent susceptibility. The age-dependent profile of KCC2 expression and its post-insult downregulation may underlie the PB-resistance reported in this model. Blocking NKCC1 with low-dose BTN following PB treatment failed to improve PB-efficacy.
Effizientes Schmieren der Spanbildungszone/Controlled use of cooling lubricants for tribological optimization of machining processes – Efficient lubrication of the chip formation zone (2022)

Konventioneller Kühlschmierstoffeinsatz in der spanenden Fertigung führt zur Belastung von Umwelt und Gesundheit sowie zu erhöhten Fertigungskosten. Entsprechend weist der zielgerichtete Einsatz von Kühlschmierstoffen ein großes Potenzial zur nachhaltigen Gestaltung der Produktion auf, bringt jedoch auch zahlreiche technologische Herausforderungen mit sich. Durch die Kombination von experimenteller und simulativer Prozessanalyse lässt sich das Verhalten des Kühlschmierstoffs im Zerspanprozess verstehen und so ein gezielter Kühlschmierstoffeinsatz erreichen. &amp;nbsp; Conventional use of cutting fluids in machining processes leads to environmental pollution, causes health problems and increases production costs. Accordingly, controlled cutting fluid use shows a huge potential for a sustainable design of production. However, this entails technological challenges. A combination of experiments and simulations leads to a better understanding of the cutting fluid behavior and therefore, to a controlled cutting fluid application.
Epidermal growth factor receptor lacking C‐terminal autophosphorylation sites retains signal transduction and high sensitivity to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (2009)

Constitutively active mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (delE746_A750) activate downstream signals, such as ERK and Akt, through the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in the C-terminal region of EGFR. These pathways are thought to be important for cellular sensitivity to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). To examine the correlation between phosphorylation of the tyrosine residues in the C-terminal region of EGFR and cellular sensitivity to EGFR TKI, we used wild-type (wt) EGFR, as well as the following constructs: delE746_A750 EGFR; delE746_A750 EGFR with substitution of seven tyrosine residues to phenylalanine in the C-terminal region; and delE746_A750 EGFR with a C-terminal truncation at amino acid 980. These constructs were transfected stably into HEK293 cells and designated HEK293/Wt, HEK293/D, HEK293/D7F, and HEK293/D-Tr, respectively. The HEK293/D cells were found to be 100-fold more sensitive to EGFR TKI (AG1478) than HEK293/Wt. Surprisingly, the HEK293/D7F and HEK293/D-Tr cells, transfected with EGFR lacking the C-terminal autophosphorylation sites, retained high sensitivity to EGFR TKI. In these three high-sensitivity cells, the ERK pathway was activated without ligand stimulation, which was inhibited by EGFR TKI. In addition, although EGFR in the HEK293/D7F and HEK293/D-Tr cells lacked significant tyrosine residues for EGFR signal transduction, phosphorylation of Src homology and collagen homology (Shc) was spontaneously activated in these cells. Our results indicate that tyrosine residues in the C-terminal region of EGFR are not required for cellular sensitivity to EGFR TKI, and that an as-yet-unknown signaling pathway of EGFR may exist that is independent of the C-terminal region of EGFR.
Calibration methods for an evanescent wave fiber optic biosensor (2002)

Operation of an evanescent wave fiber optic biosensor is discussed, with emphasis on features affecting quantitation of response. The fiber optic biosensor has proven to be a highly sensitive detection system and can be used for quantitating the amount of analyte present.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Supplementary Figure 1 from A Framework to Select Clinically Relevant Cancer Cell Lines for Investigation by Establishing Their Molecular Similarity with Primary Human Cancers (2023)

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