gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Issues and challenges in higher level fusion: Threat/impact assessment and intent modeling (a panel summary) (2010)

Many say that we live in the information age, but in reality if you ask any analyst today they would say we live in the data age. The amount of data being presented and displayed to the analyst is overwhelming - to a point that in many cases they are missing the salient or key activities of interest. Analysts are spending the majority of their time filtering through the data rather than performing analysis. Over the past 10 years, there has been an increasing emphasis on research in higher level fusion or what many are calling situation awareness. In this paper, we describe a collection of research addressing the challenges of enabling situation awareness. We will review our reference model and provide a discussion of a flow through the model to include how we can rank various activities based on their impact and threat. We also provide a number of algorithms that have been implemented and then tested and evaluated using a set of performance metrics.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging for In Vivo Detection of Degenerated Optic Radiation (2011)

Glaucomatous optic nerve atrophy may continue to the linked optic radiation by transneuronal degeneration, as described in animal models of glaucoma. In vivo visualization of the visual pathway represents a new challenge in the field of ophthalmology. We present a new approach for illustration of the optic radiation by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The DTI was established by use of a 3T high-field scanner. The case of a patient with primary open-angle glaucoma is opposed to this one of a healthy subject to demonstrate the visible rarefication of the optic radiation. The goal was to introduce the technique of the DTI also in ophthalmology and to demonstrate that it may be useful to judge glaucoma-related differences.
A data scheduler for multi-context reconfigurable architectures (2001)

In this paper, we present an approach to the problem of data scheduling for multi-context reconfigurable architectures targeting DSP applications. The main goal is to improve applications execution time, through the integration of the data scheduler within a compilation framework specifically conceived for these architectures. Some amount of on-chip data storage is assumed to be available in the reconfigurable architecture. Therefore the data scheduler tries to optimally exploit this storage, saving data transfers between on-chip and external memories. In order to do this, specific algorithms for data placement and replacement have been designed. We also show that a suitable data scheduling could decrease the number of operations required to implement the dynamic reconfiguration of the system.
Correlated optical and electron microscopy reveal the role of multiple defect species and local strain on quantum emission (2019)

Single photon emitters (SPEs) in solids have emerged as promising candidates for quantum photonic sensing, communications, and computing. Defects in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) exhibit high-brightness, room-temperature quantum emission, but their large spectral variability and unknown local structure significantly challenge their technological utility. Here, we directly correlate hBN quantum emission with the material's local strain using a combination of photoluminescence (PL), cathodoluminescence (CL) and nano-beam electron diffraction. Across 40 emitters and 15 samples, we observe zero phonon lines(ZPLs) in PL and CL ranging from 540-720 nm. CL mapping reveals that multiple defects and distinct defect species located within an optically-diffraction-limited region can each contribute to the observed PL spectra. Local strain maps indicate that strain is not required to activate the emitters and is not solely responsible for the observed ZPL spectral range. Instead, four distinct defect classes are responsible for the observed emission range. One defect class has ZPLs near 615 nm with predominantly matched CL-PL responses; it is not a strain-tuned version of another defect class with ZPL emission centered at 580 nm. A third defect class at 650 nm has low visible-frequency CL emission; and a fourth defect species centered at 705 nm has a small, ~10 nm shift between its CL and PL peaks. All studied defects are stable upon both electron and optical irradiation. Our results provide an important foundation for atomic-scale optical characterization of color centers, as well as a foundation for engineering defects with precise emission properties.
Vibrational randomization measurements with supersonic beams (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVibrational randomization measurements with supersonic beamsR. E. SmalleyCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1982, 86, 18, 3504–3512Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/j100215a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views115Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts
Improved TDEM formation using fused ladar/digital imagery from a low-cost small UAV (2017)

Formation of a Textured Digital Elevation Model (TDEM) has been useful in many applications in the fields of agriculture, disaster response, terrain analysis and more. Use of a low-cost small UAV system with a texel camera (fused lidar/digital imagery) can significantly reduce the cost compared to conventional aircraft-based methods. This paper reports continued work on this problem reported in a previous paper by Bybee and Budge, and reports improvements in performance. A UAV fitted with a texel camera is flown at a fixed height above the terrain and swaths of texel image data of the terrain below is taken continuously. Each texel swath has one or more lines of lidar data surrounded by a narrow strip of EO data. Texel swaths are taken such that there is some overlap from one swath to its adjacent swath. The GPS/IMU fitted on the camera also give coarse knowledge of attitude and position. Using this coarse knowledge and the information from the texel image, the error in the camera position and attitude is reduced which helps in producing an accurate TDEM. This paper reports improvements in the original work by using multiple lines of lidar data per swath. The final results are shown and analyzed for numerical accuracy.
Liver X receptors and cholesterol metabolism: role in ventral midbrain development and neurodegeneration (2015)

The development of the ventral midbrain is orchestrated by a number of cell-extrinsic and -intrinsic factors that control critical processes, such as the patterning of the neural tube along the main body axis and the specification of diverse neuronal cell types in distinct positions of the neural tube. Subsequently, the regulation of neurogenesis and survival- acquire particular relevance in order to define the final size of diverse neuronal populations. In a series of studies during the last few years, we have identified liver X receptors (LXRs) as critical regulators of ventral midbrain development. Moreover, specific cholesterol derivatives present in the midbrain or in the cerebrospinal fluid were identified as LXR ligands, capable of specifically and selectively regulating neurogenesis and the survival of distinct neuronal populations, including midbrain dopamine neurons. These studies have shown that cholesterol derivatives are an entirely new class of factors capable of regulating both neuronal survival and neurogenesis, thus providing a direct link between cholesterol metabolism and brain development. In addition, LXRs and cholesterol metabolism were found to play a critical role in regulating the balance between neuronal survival and death in diverse midbrain neuronal populations. In this review, we will focus on these two aspects and on the possible role of cholesterol metabolism and LXRs in neurodegeneration.
ChemInform Abstract: Cephalotaxus Alkaloids (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Robust tracking controller design for high-speed machining (2005)

For robust high-speed tracking, a combination of a feedforward controller and a feedback controller is used. A disturbance estimation problem for a closed-loop servo system is formulated and a modified disturbance observer is developed to accommodate the presence of an existing closed-loop servo system. The robust feedback controller based on a disturbance observer compensates external disturbances, unmodeled dynamics, parameter variations, and mechanical nonlinearities. It provides robustness and ideal feedback characteristics for feedforward tracking controllers based on the zero phase error tracking controller (ZPETC). Performance enhancement was achieved by adding feedforward friction compensation. Through experiments, it has been demonstrated that the robust tracking controller compensated well for the adverse effect due to nonlinear friction, and achieved an excellent tracking performance.
NEURAL NETWORK CONTROL OF SWITCH MODE SYSTEMS: OFF LINE TRAINING BY AN "IDEAL CONTROLLER" DATA SET (1995)

A novel method is proposed for designing Neural Network Controllers (NNC) for switch mode systems. method applies a new concept: The Ideal Controller which is run 'off-line' to generate a record of 'perfect' control signals in response to input and output perturbations. record is then used as an 'off-line' training set for a Neural Network controller. advantages of the proposed method are three fold: (a) the training set is the best possible, (b) training is done 'off line' by simulation and (c) there is no need to derive or guess the control law. present study demonstrates by simulation the potential excellent performance of a NNC for DC-DC Switch-Mode converters when trained by the proposed methodology. proposed methodology can be readily expanded to other Switch-Mode systems such as inverters and power factor conditioners.
New flow control schemes of TCP for multimodal mobile hosts (2004)

Two control schemes designed specifically to handle changes in the datalink interface for a mobile host are presented. The future mobile environment is expected to involve multimode connectivity to the Internet and dynamic switching of the connection mode depending on network conditions. However, the existing TCP architecture is unable to maintain stable and efficient throughput as a result of such interface changes. The main issues are how to handle the change in host IP address when the datalink interface changes, and how to ensure reliable and continuous TCP flow. Although architectures addressing the first of these issues have already been proposed, the problem of flow control still remains. The first of the proposed schemes, immediate expiration of timeout timer, detects such an interface change, and begins retransmission immediately without waiting for retransmission timeout as in conventional TCP. The second scheme, bandwidth aware slow start threshold, detects the interface changes, and also estimates the new bandwidth so as to set an appropriate slow start threshold when beginning retransmission. Through simulations, the bandwidth aware slow start threshold scheme is demonstrated to provide marked improvements in performance over conventional TCP, particularly in situations where the bandwidth changes significantly and the interface is changed consecutively at short intervals. The immediate expiration of timeout timer scheme is also shown to be effective when the communication interruption associated with interface change is long.
Characterization of Naphtha-Reforming Catalysts (2004)

Naphtha reforming involves heterogeneous catalysis so that the catalyst constitutes a separate phase.[1] Furthermore, naphtha reforming occurs by bifunctional catalysis.[2] This means that for a Pt-Al2O3-reforming catalyst, some of the processes occur at the surface of platinum or other metal(s) and others at the acidic sites on the alumina or other support. For optimal performance, these two or more types of sites are intermixed on the same primary particles. Characterization of naphtha-reforming catalysts therefore presents many obstacles. One must be aware of the assumptions that enable one to convert the experimental data to conclusions that define the catalyst structure. Unfortunately, all too often the assumptions are overlooked in developing models of reforming catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Triterpene Sulfates from Fusarium compactum Using a Rhinovirus 3C Protease Inhibitor Screen. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Air and Moisture Tolerant Synthesis of a Chelated bis(NHC) Methylpalladium(ii) Complex Relevant to Alkyl Migration Processes in Catalysis (2020)

An air- and moisture-tolerant alternate synthetic pathway to the preparation of a cationic chelated bis(NHC) methylpalladium(ii) complex, [{(MesIm)2CH2}Pd(Me)(NCMe)][PF6], is described. The pathway involves the isolation of a bis(NHC) AgI complex, [{(MesIm)2CH2}2Ag2][PF6]2, via metallation of the corresponding diimidazolium salt with Ag2O followed by carbene transfer to [(COD)PdBrMe]. This new method avoids a previously reported unstable intermediate that displayed rapid decomposition at room temperature, attaining the targeted cationic methylpalladium(ii) complex in high yield. CO/ethylene copolymerisation catalysis trials are reported showing solvent dependent catalyst lifetime and copolymer yields. Preliminary ethylene insertion studies are also outlined revealing possible pathways leading towards catalyst deactivation.
Densification and Grain Growth of Nanocrystalline Zirconia-Based Ceramics (1998)

The sintering behavior of ZrO 2 -14 wt. % Al 2 O 3 nanocomposites between 1000 and 1200 °C was investigated and compared with the results obtained for pure nanocrystalline ZrO 2 . The highest density found in pure nanocrystalline ZrO 2 was 92 % with a grain size of 72 nm at 1000°C. Nanocrystalline ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composites reached densities of 97 % with a corresponding grain size of 35 nm at 1200°C. The results are discussed in terms of the level of agglomeration of the initial powders compacts and the pinning of grain boundaries by dispersed nanoparticles. Pure nanocrystalline ZrO 2 is monoclinic at all temperatures; the nanocrystalline composite exhibits a transformation from the monoclinic to the tetragonal phase with a maximum volume fraction of approx. 80 % at 1050 °C.
A Deterministic Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Model of High-Speed Rotorcraft Transmission Components (2002)

Abstract This paper describes a deterministic approach to analyze elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) of helicopter transmission gear surfaces with asperities. A thermal, non-Newtonian, model, accompanied by three specialized models is used to study the mechanisms of film generation, pressure distribution and temperature distributions within the fluid and on the surface, in an EHL line contact. A two-slope viscosity-pressure model is used to avoid overestimation of the viscosity of the lubricant under heavy loads. The three-dimensional roughness description of an actual gear tooth surface is measured using a non-contact surface profiler. The pressure distribution, film thickness distribution and the temperature rise at the contact surface are predicted as a function of the gear operating conditions including normal load, lubricant temperature and rolling/sliding speed. Presented at the 57th Annual Meeting in Houston, Texas May 19–23, 2002 KEY WORDS: Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication (EHL)Non-Newtonian LubricantsSurface Roughness EffectsThermal Effects Notes Presented at the 57th Annual Meeting in Houston, Texas May 19–23, 2002
Vertical Gold Nanowires Stretchable Electrochemical Electrodes (2018)

Conventional electrodes produced from gold or glassy carbon are outstanding electrochemical platforms for biosensing applications due to their chemical inertness and wide electrochemical window, but are intrinsically rigid and planar in nature. Hence, it is challenging to seamlessly integrate them with soft and curvilinear biological tissues for real-time wearable or implantable electronics. In this work, we demonstrate that vertically gold nanowires (v-AuNWs) possess an enokitake-like structure, with the nanoparticle (head) on one side and nanowires (tail) on the opposite side of the structure, and can serve as intrinsically stretchable, electrochemical electrodes due to the stronger nanowire-elastomer bonding forces preventing from interfacial delamination under strains. The exposed head side of the electrode comprising v-AuNWs can achieve a detection limit for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> of 80 μM, with a linear range of 0.2-10.4 mM at 20% strain, with a reasonably high sensitivity using chronoamperometry. This excellent electrochemical performance in the elongated state, in conjunction with low-cost wet-chemistry fabrication, demonstrates that v-AuNWs electrodes may become a next-generation sensing platform for conformally integrated, in vivo biodiagnostics.
Chondroitinase and Growth Factors Enhance Activation and Oligodendrocyte Differentiation of Endogenous Neural Precursor Cells after Spinal Cord Injury (2012)

The adult spinal cord harbours a population of multipotent neural precursor cells (NPCs) with the ability to replace oligodendrocytes. However, despite this capacity, proliferation and endogenous remyelination is severely limited after spinal cord injury (SCI). In the post-traumatic microenvironment following SCI, endogenous spinal NPCs mainly differentiate into astrocytes which could contribute to astrogliosis that exacerbate the outcomes of SCI. These findings emphasize a key role for the post-SCI niche in modulating the behaviour of spinal NPCs after SCI. We recently reported that chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar restrict the outcomes of NPC transplantation in SCI by reducing the survival, migration and integration of engrafted NPCs within the injured spinal cord. These inhibitory effects were attenuated by administration of chondroitinase (ChABC) prior to NPC transplantation. Here, in a rat model of compressive SCI, we show that perturbing CSPGs by ChABC in combination with sustained infusion of growth factors (EGF, bFGF and PDGF-AA) optimize the activation and oligodendroglial differentiation of spinal NPCs after injury. Four days following SCI, we intrathecally delivered ChABC and/or GFs for seven days. We performed BrdU incorporation to label proliferating cells during the treatment period after SCI. This strategy increased the proliferation of spinal NPCs, reduced the generation of new astrocytes and promoted their differentiation along an oligodendroglial lineage, a prerequisite for remyelination. Furthermore, ChABC and GF treatments enhanced the response of non-neural cells by increasing the generation of new vascular endothelial cells and decreasing the number of proliferating macrophages/microglia after SCI. In conclusions, our data strongly suggest that optimization of the behaviour of endogenous spinal NPCs after SCI is critical not only to promote endogenous oligodendrocyte replacement, but also to reverse the otherwise detrimental effects of their activation into astrocytes which could negatively influence the repair process after SCI.
Integrin α5β1 is necessary for regulation of radial migration of cortical neurons during mouse brain development (2010)

Abstract During cerebral cortex development, post‐mitotic neurons interact with radial glial fibers and the extracellular environment to migrate away from the ventricular region and form a correct laminar structure. Integrin receptors are major mediators of cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix interactions. Several integrin heterodimers are present during formation of the cortical layers. The α5β1 receptor is expressed in the neural progenitors of the ventricular zone during cerebral cortex formation. Using in utero electroporation to introduce short hairpin RNAs in the brain at embryonic day 15.5, we were able to inhibit acutely the expression of α5 integrin in the developing cortex. The knockdown of α5 integrin expression level in neural precursors resulted in an inhibition of radial migration, without perturbing the glial scaffold. Moreover, the same inhibitory effect on neuronal migration was observed after electroporation of a Cre recombinase expression plasmid into the neural progenitors of conditional knockout mice for α5 integrin. In both types of experiments, the electroporated cells expressing reduced levels of α5 integrin accumulated in the premigratory region with an abnormal morphology. At postnatal day 2, ectopic neurons were observed in cortical layer V, while a deficit of neurons was observed in cortical layer II–IV. We show that these neurons do not express a layer V‐specific marker, suggesting that they have not undergone premature differentiation. Overall, these results indicate that α5β1 integrin functions in the regulation of neural morphology and migration during cortical development, playing a role in cortical lamination.
Techniques for designing mobile applications with customer data (2004)

This SIG provides a forum for discussing how customer-centered techniques can best be used to gather requirements for mobile applications, especially considering the possibilities that new technologies offer. We will discuss when and how to modify customer-centered design for initial requirements gathering and during paper mock-up interviews. We will also share ideas for involving end users in visioning new possibilities for mobile platforms and key principles for designing applications for mobile devices. We start by sharing our experiences and then lead participants through discussions of their experience and challenges recording our collective knowledge for the CHI community.