gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mir-34a regulates macrophage polarization by targeting IL-4Ralpa/STAT6 axis (INM2P.423) (2014)

Abstract Macrophages perform diverse functions during infection as well as metabolic diseases. M1 macrophages promote inflammation while M2 macrophages suppress inflammation and drive anti-inflammatory responses. Emerging evidence suggests that microRNAs control numerous cellular processes; however their role in controlling M2 macrophage maturation is not well understood. To test if microRNAs play roles in macrophage M2 polarization, we performed microarray analysis of microRNA expression in mouse M2 macrophages generated under both in-vivo (i.p injection of Schistosome eggs or LNFPIII glycan) and in-vitro (incubation with recombinant IL-4) conditions. Among the microRNAs differentially expressed, we found that expression of mir-34a was significantly upregulated in M2 macrophages and that over expression of miR-34a mimics led to decreased M2 maturation measured as Fizz1 expression. Using reporter assays and western blot analysis we found that miR-34a targets 3' UTR of stat6 gene thereby affecting the IL-4Rα-STAT6 signaling cascade. Our findings show a unique role of mir-34a in regulating macrophage polarization via targeting the IL-4Rα-STAT6 axis, suggesting that mir-34a plays an important role in regulation of inflammation and may have therapeutic function for inflammatory and metabolic diseases.
Reconfigurable Perovskite LEC: Effects of Ionic Additives and Dual Function Devices (Advanced Optical Materials 3/2021) (2021)

This cover page depicts a new type of reconfigurable perovskite light emitting electrochemic al (PeLEC) device, in which the external ions, such as Li+ added via ionic salt, play the role of internal mobile dopants forming p–i–n structure and electrical double layers at interfaces, strongly enhancing the charge injection. This concept is described in article number 2001715 by Dmitry Gets, Jason D. Slinker, Anvar A. Zakhidov and co-workers, in which they demonstrate a wide scope of interesting applications of this concept of reconfigurability of PeLEC upon external electric field and added ions moving in a solid electrolyte (such as polyethylene oxide) nanocomposite with halide perovskite.
Alcohols and Other Volatile Compounds (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Ethyl alcohol Other simple alcohols Polyols Fatty acids in the aliphatic series Esters Miscellaneous compounds References
Case report of the first patient with electro-mechanical stimulation of the inner ear: The Vibrant Soundbridge combined with a FLEX20 cochlear implant (2020)

Previous studies in the field of cochlear implantation have proven that the use of electro-acoustic stimulation systems in patients with low frequency residual hearing results in improved speech perception scores compared to electric only stimulation. Unfortunately, many patients cannot use these systems because of inflammatory responses to the external ear piece of the system. In these cases, the substitution of low frequency acoustic stimulation through an external ear piece by mechanical stimulation with a middle ear implant could be a way to take advantage of the remaining residual hearing. We report on a patient who was bilaterally implanted with a MED-EL Vibrant Soundbridge. After 12 years, her hearing loss had progressed such that she was acoustically indicated for electro-acoustic stimulation. Since she could not wear an external ear piece due to medical reasons, she was then implanted with a cochlear implant in addition to her middle ear implant on the right-hand side, hence benefitting from electro-mechanical stimulation in the right ear. For the follow-up period of 12 month her hearing loss was found stable, and speech perception results were satisfying. The ipsilateral use of a Vibrant Soundbridge in addition to a cochlear implant was found to be a feasible and save option for providing electro-mechanical auditory stimulation. Speech performance results comparable to electro-acoustic stimulation patients can be expected for patients with substantial low frequency residual hearing.
Biomolecular Electronics:  Protein-Based Associative Processors and Volumetric Memories (1999)

The promise of new architectures and more cost-effective miniaturization has prompted interest in molecular and biomolecular electronics. Bioelectronics offers valuable near-term potential, because evolution and natural selection have optimized many biological molecules to perform tasks that are required for device applications. The light-transducing protein bacteriorhodopsin provides not only an efficient photonic material, but also a versatile template for device creation and optimization via both chemical modification and genetic engineering. We examine here the use of this protein as the active component in holographic associative memories as well as branched-photocycle three-dimensional optical memories. The associative memory is based on a Fourier transform optical loop and utilizes the real-time holographic properties of the protein thin films. The three-dimensional memory utilizes an unusual branching reaction that creates a long-lived photoproduct. By using a sequential multiphoton process, parallel write, read, and erase processes can be carried out without disturbing data outside of the doubly irradiated volume elements. The methods and procedures of prototyping these bioelectronic devices are discussed. We also examine current efforts to optimize the protein memory medium by using chemical and genetic methods.
Intracellular Ca2+-handling differs markedly between intact human muscle fibers and myotubes (2015)

Intact single muscle fibers that display strictly regulated [Ca(2+)]i transients and force production upon electrical stimulation can be obtained from human intercostal muscle biopsies. In contrast, human myotubes lack important aspects of adult Ca(2+)-handling and are thus an inappropriate model for human adult muscle when studying Ca(2+)-dependent processes, such as gene expression and metabolic processes.
Genetic Analysis of <i>callus</i> initiation in <i>Gossypium tomentosum</i> and <i>Gossypium darwinii</i> (2017)

Abstract Wild cotton species can contribute a valuable gene pool for the genetic improvement of cultivated tetraploid cultivars. But the obstacle is the reproductive isolation of different species. Somatic embryogenesis offers a temporary status for genetic manipulation such as somatic hybridization. The present studies aimed at optimizing the conditions for regeneration of wild species of cotton. Callus were successfully induced from hypocotyls of Gossypium tomentosum (C 1 genome) and Gossypium darwinii (D 5 genome) on MSB 5 (MS salts and B 5 vitamins) medium supplemented with 0.01mg/L 2, 4-D (2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), 0.01mg/L KT (kinetin), 0.01mg/L IAA (3-indoleacetlc acid) and 0.60mg/L 2, 4-D, 0.25mg/L KT, respectively. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) combinations, adding high inorganic salt stress, and carbohydrate were used to induce embryogenic callus from nonembryogenic callus. Embryogenic cultures were induced from the two cotton species. Based on studying the effect of PGRs, nitrogen sources, molysite, CuSO 4 and pH value on somatic embryogenesis (SE), we obtained somatic embryogenesis in the G. tomentosum on the medium with 0.1 mg/L 2, 4-D, 0.1 mg/L KT while deprivation of KNO 3 . The result gives out new exploration on somatic embryogenesis in cotton to create new germplasm sources.
A Multilingual Benchmark for Probing Negation-Awareness with Minimal Pairs (2021)

Mareike Hartmann, Miryam de Lhoneux, Daniel Hershcovich, Yova Kementchedjhieva, Lukas Nielsen, Chen Qiu, Anders Søgaard. Proceedings of the 25th Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning. 2021.
Experimental band flip and band closure in guided-mode resonant optical lattices (2022)

We demonstrate band flip in one-dimensional dielectric photonic lattices presenting numerical and experimental results. In periodic optical lattices supporting leaky Bloch modes, there exists a second stop band where one band edge experiences radiation loss resulting in guided-mode resonance (GMR), while the other band edge becomes a nonleaky bound state in the continuum (BIC). To illustrate the band flip, band structures for two different lattices are provided by calculating zero-order reflectance with respect to wavelength and incident angle. We then provide three photonic lattices, each with a different fill factor, consisting of photoresist gratings on Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> sublayers with glass substrates. The designs are fabricated using laser interferometric lithography. The lattice parameters are characterized and verified with an atomic force microscope. The band transition under fill-factor variation is accomplished experimentally. The measured data are compared to simulation results and show good agreement.
A new butenolide cinnamate and other biological active chemical constituents from<i>Polygonum glabrum</i> (2015)

Phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Polygonum glabrum afforded one new natural product (-)-2-methoxy-2-butenolide-3-cinnamate (1) along with six known compounds, β-hydroxyfriedalanol (2), 3-hydroxy-5-methoxystilbene (3), (-) pinocembrin (4), sitosterol-(6'-O-palmitoyl)-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), (-) pinocembrin-5-methyl ether (6) and sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7). Compound 1 showed promising in vitro anti-HIV-1 activity against primary isolates HIV-1(UG070) (X4, subtype D) and HIV-1(VB59) (R5, subtype C) assayed using TZM-bl cell line with IC50 in the range of 15.68-22.43 μg/mL. The extract showed TI in the range of 19.19-27.37 with IC50 in the range of 10.90-15.55 μg/mL. Compounds 1, 3 and 4 exhibited in vitro anti-mycobacterium activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra with IC50 values of 1.43, 3.33 and 1.11 μg/mL in dormant phase and 2.27, 3.33 and 1.21 μg/mL in active phase, respectively. Compound 4 was found to be the most active antiproliferative with IC50 values of 1.88-11.00 μg/mL against THP-1, A549, Panc-1, HeLa and MCF7 cell lines.
Effects of explicit teaching of comprehension strategies in a Singapore secondary school (1999)

This study is an investigation into pupil's comprehension abilities, specifically the issue of whether students can improve their question answering and inferential skills after explicit teaching of two inferential comprehension strategies.
Transient spatiotemporal optimization of octave-spanning Ti:sapphire oscillators (2016)

The complete spatiotemporal dynamics in an octave-spanning oscillator is captured to further optimize its transform-limited pulse duration and beam profile for simultaneous short pulse generation and CEP locking.
Training of Quantum Circuits on a Hybrid Quantum Computer (2018)

Generative modeling is a flavor of machine learning with applications ranging from computer vision to chemical design. It is expected to be one of the techniques most suited to take advantage of the additional resources provided by near-term quantum computers. We implement a data-driven quantum circuit training algorithm on the canonical Bars-and-Stripes data set using a quantum-classical hybrid machine. The training proceeds by running parameterized circuits on a trapped ion quantum computer, and feeding the results to a classical optimizer. We apply two separate strategies, Particle Swarm and Bayesian optimization to this task. We show that the convergence of the quantum circuit to the target distribution depends critically on both the quantum hardware and classical optimization strategy. Our study represents the first successful training of a high-dimensional universal quantum circuit, and highlights the promise and challenges associated with hybrid learning schemes.
Microbial transglutaminase for biotechnological and biomedical engineering (2018)

Research on bacterial transglutaminase dates back to 1989, when the enzyme has been isolated from Streptomyces mobaraensis. Initially discovered during an extensive screening campaign to reduce costs in food manufacturing, it quickly appeared as a robust and versatile tool for biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications due to its excellent activity and simple handling. While pioneering attempts to make use of its extraordinary cross-linking ability resulted in heterogeneous polymers, currently it is applied to site-specifically ligate diverse biomolecules yielding precisely modified hybrid constructs comprising two or more components. This review covers the extensive and rapidly growing field of microbial transglutaminase-mediated bioconjugation with the focus on pharmaceutical research. In addition, engineering of the enzyme by directed evolution and rational design is highlighted. Moreover, cumbersome drawbacks of this technique mainly caused by the enzyme's substrate indiscrimination are discussed as well as the ways to bypass these limitations.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot, Two‐Step Cascade Synthesis of Quinazolinotriazolobenzodiazepines. (2012)

Abstract The starting materials are prepared in one step from commercial reagents.
Principles and applications of dereverberation for noisy and reverberant audio signals (2008)

This report reviews a recent dereverberation algorithm to effectively remove late reverberation from observed audio signals. Since such late reverberation is the most detrimental to the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR), the algorithm is expected to improve the ASR performance when a distant microphone is used to capture an objective speech signal.
Dynamic mapping of the human visual cortex by high-speed magnetic resonance imaging. (1992)

We report the use of high-speed magnetic resonance imaging to follow the changes in image intensity in the human visual cortex during stimulation by a flashing checkerboard stimulus. Measurements were made in a 2.1-T, 1-m-diameter magnet, part of a Bruker Biospec spectrometer that we had programmed to do echo-planar imaging. A 15-cm-diameter surface coil was used to transmit and receive signals. Images were acquired during periods of stimulation from 2 s to 180 s. Images were acquired in 65.5 ms in a 10-mm slice with in-plane voxel size of 6 x 3 mm. Repetition time (TR) was generally 2 s, although for the long flashing periods, TR = 8 s was used. Voxels were located onto an inversion recovery image taken with 2 x 2 mm in-plane resolution. Image intensity increased after onset of the stimulus. The mean change in signal relative to the prestimulation level (delta S/S) was 9.7% (SD = 2.8%, n = 20) with an echo time of 70 ms. Irrespective of the period of stimulation, the increase in magnetic resonance signal intensity was delayed relative to the stimulus. The mean delay measured from the start of stimulation for each protocol was as follows: 2-s stimulation, delay = 3.5 s (SD = 0.5 s, n = 10) (the delay exceeds stimulus duration); 20- to 24-s stimulation, delay = 5 s (SD = 2 s, n = 20).
T cell genetic background determines maintenance of IL-12 signaling: effects on BALB/c and B10.D2 T helper cell type 1 phenotype development (1997)

In this report, we examined the molecular basis underlying the genetic difference between BALB/c and B10.D2 T cells for T helper phenotype development in vitro. We found a strain-dependent difference in early maintenance of IL-12 responsiveness by T cells developing in vitro in unmanipulated (neutral) conditions. Thus, when activated without addition of exogenous cytokines or neutralization of endogenous cytokines, B10.D2, but not BALB/c, T cells remain responsive to IL-12 when activated for 7 days. The pattern of IL-12 responsiveness correlated with expression of the IL-12R signaling subunit, IL-12R beta2, and with IL-12-induced STAT4 phosphorylation. When activated under neutral conditions, BALB/c T cells rapidly lose IL-12R beta2 expression, STAT4 phosphorylation, and functional IL-12 responsiveness. More efficient maintenance of IL-12R beta2 expression by B10.D2 T cells activated under neutral conditions may explain the previously observed increase in IFN-gamma production relative to that of BALB/c. This difference could potentially provide greater protection from certain pathogens that do not immediately elicit strong Th1-inducing conditions via activation of the innate immune system.
A new bandwidth extension technology for MPEG Unified Speech and Audio Coding (2013)

In January 2012, MPEG finalized the new MPEG-D Unified Speech and Audio Coding (USAC) standard, which enables the coding of a variety of audio content at low bitrates. USAC provides low-bitrate coding by integrating a speech codec and an audio codec into a unified system. In USAC, Predictive Vector Coding (PVC) is added to Enhanced Spectral Band Replication (eSBR) to improve the subjective quality, especially for speech at low bitrates. For speech signals, there is generally a relatively high correlation between the spectral envelopes of low- and high-frequency bands. The PVC scheme exploits this by predicting the high-frequency envelopes from the low-frequency ones, with the coefficient matrices for the prediction being coded by means of vector quantization.
Protection by Hiding: Eliminating the Need for Kernel Mode (2002)

Kernel mode has been assumed necessary to give the operating system exclusive rights to certain important system functions. For example, it has allowed the creation of user processes which are confined to separate virtual address spaces. The resulting &amp;quot;hardware&amp;quot; protection is valuable, but the required context changes incur a significant overhead cost. Even systems that use software protection to isolate processes rely on hardware protection to guard the kernel. The kernel classically uses its privilege to mange the virtual memory hardware which establishes these separate address spaces. An alternative scheme, which could be used for processors with 64-bit addresses but which makes most sense with a 128-bit address space, is to use probabilistic protection, or protection by hiding. The approach eliminates the need for a privileged kernel mode while retaining highly reliable protection. Rather than separate address spaces, it hides address regions within a huge global address space. With hardware mechanisms proposed in this paper, protection by hiding eliminates the need for kernel mode. Context switches essentially disappear and the privileges associated with the kernel can be safely distributed in various ways. The new structure also deals with some of the problems of super-large address spaces and offers an interesting approach to massively parallel system design.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae RRM3, a 5′ to 3′ DNA Helicase, Physically Interacts with Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (2002)

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) plays an essential role in eukaryotic DNA replication, and numerous DNA replication proteins have been found to interact with PCNA through a conserved eight-amino acid motif called the PIP-box. We have searched the genome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for open reading frames that encode proteins with putative PIP-boxes and initiated testing of 135 novel candidates for their ability to interact with PCNA-conjugated agarose beads. The first new PCNA-binding protein identified in this manner is the 5' to 3' DNA helicase RRM3. Yeast two-hybrid tests show that N-terminal deletions of RRM3, which remove the PIP-box but leave the helicase motifs intact, abolish the interaction with PCNA. In addition, mutating the two phenylalanine residues in the PIP-box to alanine or aspartic acid reduces binding to PCNA, confirming that the PIP-box in RRM3 is responsible for interaction with PCNA. The results presented here suggest that the RRM3 helicase functions at the replication fork.
Characterization of Left-Ventricular Thrombus Formation Using High Frequency Ultrasound (2016)

Heart failure is a leading cause of death in the United States, and cardiac thrombus, a common morbidity associated with heart failure, significantly increases a patient’s risk of embolic events. The objective of this project is to characterize left-ventricular (LV) thrombus development using high frequency ultrasound imaging in a murine model. C57BL/6J wild-type mice (n=6) were injected intraperitoneally with iron dextran five times a week for six weeks to increase oxidative stress in the heart. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) was subcutaneously injected daily during the second week to initiate stem cell migration and stimulate endothelial cell activation, thus increasing the hypercoagulability state of the blood. A high-frequency, small animal ultrasound system (Vevo2100, VisualSonics FUJIFILM Inc.) and a 40 MHz central frequency transducer were used to track LV thrombus progression and evaluate LV function weekly. Four out of six mice developed thrombus, but no significant differences in LV performance were observed when compared to mice that did not form a thrombus. Further investigation is necessary to study the role of attenuated heart function on thrombus formation. Future work will incorporate a murine model of myocardial infarction to investigate if a severely compromised heart increases the risk of or accelerates LV thrombus formation. This study will aid in identifying patients who are predisposed to thrombus formation following a heart attack, leading to more effective prevention and treatment methods.
Resource Letter MI-1: Medical imaging (1992)

This Resource Letter provides a guide to the literature on medical imaging, with emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging. The letter E after an item indicates elementary level of material of general interest to persons becoming informed in the field. The letter I, for intermediate level, indicates material of somewhat more specialized nature; and the letter A indicates rather specialized or advanced material.
Synthesis, reactivity, and molecular structure of silatrane manganese complex [(phenylsilatrane)Mn(CO)2P(OMe)3]ClO4 (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, reactivity, and molecular structure of silatrane manganese complex [(phenylsilatrane)Mn(CO)2P(OMe)3]ClO4Ae Soon Oh, Young Keun Chung, and Sangsoo KimCite this: Organometallics 1992, 11, 3, 1394–1398Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00039a052https://doi.org/10.1021/om00039a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts