gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vinblastine fails to improve response of renal cancer to interferon alfa-n1: high response rate in patients with pulmonary metastases. (1991)

One hundred sixty-five patients were randomized to receive either interferon alfa-n1 (Wellferon; Burroughs Wellcome Co, Research Triangle Park, NC) alone or with vinblastine. An initial six-cycle induction treatment consisted of interferon given at daily doses of 3, 5, 20, 20, and 20 x 10(6) U/m2 every 2 weeks. Vinblastine at a dose of 10 mg/m2 (later decreased to 5 mg/m2) was given on day 1 of alternate cycles. Toxicities were generally well tolerated. The overall response rate was 10% with no significant difference between treatment arms. Survival was also not significantly different for the arms. A small subset of patients (16) with metastases only to the lungs had a high complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) rate of 44%. Responses were durable, and overall survival of this group was much better than that of the other patients.
The not-so-neutral role of microRNAs in neutrophil biology (2013)

The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as fine-tuners of gene expression is now well established in most aspects of cellular biology. Critically, it is becoming apparent that characterization of miRNA regulation could further the understanding of elusive cellular processes. Here, I briefly review the current literature assessing the role of miRNAs in the modulation of neutrophil biology and discuss how the definition of such miRNA regulation could help in the better understanding of neutrophil function.
HSV-1 amplicon vectors are a highly efficient gene delivery system for skeletal muscle myoblasts and myotubes (2000)

Analysis of RyR1 structure function in muscle cells is made difficult by the low (<5%) transfection efficiencies of myoblasts or myotubes using calcium phosphate or cationic lipid techniques. We inserted the full-length 15.3-kb RyR1 cDNA into a herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) amplicon vector, pHSVPrPUC between the ori/IE 4/5 promoter sequence and the HSV-1 DNA cleavage/packaging signal (pac). pHSVGN and pHSVGRyR1, two amplicons that expressed green fluorescent protein, were used for fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis of transduction efficiency. All amplicons were packaged into HSV-1 virus particles using a helper virus-free packaging system and yielded 10(6) transducing vector units/ml. HSVRyR1, HSVGRyR1, and HSVGN virions efficiently transduced mouse myoblasts and myotubes, expressing the desired product in 70-90% of the cells at multiplicity of infection 5. The transduced cells appeared healthy and RyR1 produced by this method was targeted properly and restored skeletal excitation-contraction coupling in dyspedic myotubes. The myotubes produced sufficient protein to allow single-channel analyses from as few as 10 100-mm dishes. In most cases this method could preclude the need for permanent transfectants for the study of RyR1 structure function.
Thin absorber EUV mask with light-shield border of etched multilayer and its lithographic performance (2010)

When a thinner absorber mask is applied to EUVL for ULSI chip production, it becomes essential to introduce EUV light-shield border in order to suppress the leakage of EUV light from the adjacent exposure shots. Thin absorber mask with light-shield border of etched multilayer adds to the process flexibility of a mask with high CD accuracy. In this paper, we demonstrate the lithographic performance of a thin absorber mask with light-shield border of etched multilayer using a full-field exposure tool (EUV1) operating under the current working condition of EUV source.
Automated design of virtual worlds for visualizing multivariate relations (1992)

Interactive visualization systems provide a powerful means to explore complex data, especially when coupled with 3D interaction and display devices to produce virtual worlds. While designing a quality static 2D visualization is already a difficult task for most users, designing an interactive 3D one is even more challenging. To address this problem, we are developing Auto Visual, a research system that designs interactive virtual for visualizing and exploring multivariate relations of arbitrary arity. Auto Visual uses worlds within worlds, an interactive visualization technique that exploits nested, heterogeneous coordinate systems to map multiple variables onto each of our spatial dimensions. Auto Visual's designs are guided by user-specified visualization tasks, and by a catalog of design principles encoded using a rule-based language.
ChemInform Abstract: The Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Heterocyclic Ketones (2011)

Abstract Review: 14 refs.
Superficial keratopathy in intensive care unit patients (1996)

Purpose To determine the prevalence of keratopathy in a randomly selected group of hospitalized patients in the intensive care unit and to identify factors associated with an increased incidence of corneal abnormalities. Methods We conducted bedside examinations with a portable slit lamp on 50 randomly selected patients. Evidence of superficial keratopathy was recorded. Associated factors analyzed included Glasgow Coma Scale, period in the intensive care unit, intubation status, underlying disease, and current eye care. Results Superficial keratopathy was present in 20 (40%) of the patients. Of these 20, 18 (90%) were intubated, whereas of the remaining 30 patients without corneal abnormalities, only 15 (50%) were intubated ( P P = .03). Twelve (60%) of the 20 patients with corneal abnormalities had Glasgow Coma Scale scores of 7 or less compared with seven (23%) of the 30 patients without corneal abnormalities ( P Conclusions The prevalence of corneal abnormalities in the critically ill patient reflects certain predictors of keratopathy, including the Glasgow Coma Scale, length of hospitalization, intubation, and significant metabolic derangement. More ophthalmologic attention must be given to patients in intensive care units to prevent the development of ocular disease.
Analysis of Potential and Current Density Distributions Using a Boundary Element Method (1988)

A three-dimensional boundary element method (3D-BEM) was developed for predicting electrogalvanic field responses resulting from anodic/cathodic interaction. Although the governing equation is linear (Laplace), the boundary condition (based on experimentally determined polarization curves) is generally nonlinear. Therefore, the Newton-Raphson iterative procedure was used. An experiment was also conducted on galvanic corrosion of a cylindrical vessel of cast iron and stainless steel, which was filled with 0.0165 wt% NaCl solution. In addition, the cathodic protection provided by placing a small piece of aluminum plate on the cylindrical vessel was examined experimentally. The validity and usefulness of the present prediction method were demonstrated by comparing the calculated results and the experimental data.
La terapia cognitivo-conductual en problemas de ansiedad generalizada y ansiedad por separación : un análisis de su eficacia (2003)

The purpose of this article is to review the effectiveness of the treatment of generalized anxiety and separation anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Eight scientific reports from 1980 to 2002 were found and led to 21 independent studies. Six hundred and sixty two subjects, between the ages of 7 and 14, with an average age of 10,5 years, took part. The results revealed that cognitivebehavioral therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy plus family anxiety management are probably efficacious treatments, in base to the criteria of the American Psychological Association´s Division 12, Clinical Psychology (Task Force on Promotion and Dissemination of Psychological Procedures, 1995). One of the most effective programs for the treatment of these problems is described. Finally, some variables which could influence in the effectiveness of the treatments, some conclusions and future directions for research in this area are included.
Design guidance in the power dimension (2002)

This work proposes an approach for high level design guidance for low power using properties of given algorithms and architectures. Several relevant properties (operation count, the ratio of critical path to available time, spatial locality, and regularity) are identified and discussed, with quantitative measures being proposed for the latter two. Significant emphasis is placed on exploiting the regularity and spatial locality algorithm properties for the optimization of interconnect power. Examples illustrate the large savings that can be attained through property-based guidance of algorithm selection and architecture composition. Though demonstrated for ASIC designs, this approach is extensible to different hardware platforms and performance metrics (e.g. speed, area).
Rapid Synthesis of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds by Iodocyclization of Ynamides (2022)

Abstract Ynamides are recognized as electron‐rich π‐components and show high reactivity toward electrophiles such as iodonium salts. Here we report the iodocyclization of ene‐ynamides and arene‐ynamides leading to naphthalenes and phenanthrenes. We found these reactions were completed within 3 seconds by using I(coll) 2 PF 6 as an iodonium reagent, and cyclized products were obtained in good to high yields. To the best of our knowledge, this method is the most rapid synthesis known to date of polycyclic aromatic compounds.
Stable transfection of cDNAs targeting specific steps of glycogen metabolism supports the existence of active gluconeogenesis in mouse cultured astrocytes (2002)

In order to assess the participation of astrocytic gluconeogenesis in the synthesis of glycogen, mouse astrocytes were stably transfected with antisense cDNA of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) and with sense and antisense cDNAs of glycogen synthase (GS). The antisenses of FBPase and GS have similar significant effect in decreasing astrocyte glycogen content by 60%, while sense GS significantly increased glycogen content by 100%. The FBPase activity was decreased by all three cDNAs used, while glycogen phosphorylase was not altered. The activity of GS was decreased by the antisense GS and increased by the sense GS. These data demonstrate that the gluconeogenesis in astrocytes is involved in the glycogenesis modulation. GLIA 37:379–382, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Role of <i>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus</i> 3,4‐dihydrocoumarin hydrolase in oxidative stress defence against peroxoacids (2003)

The physiological role of a bifunctional enzyme, 3,4-dihydrocoumarin hydrolase (DCH), which is capable of both hydrolysis of ester bonds and organic acid-assisted bromination of organic compounds, was investigated. Purified DCH from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus F46 catalysed dose- and time-dependent degradation of peracetic acid. The gene (dch) was cloned from the chromosomal DNA of the bacterium. The dch ORF was 831 bp long, corresponding to a protein of 272 amino acid residues, and the deduced amino acid sequence showed high similarity to those of bacterial serine esterases and perhydrolases. The dch gene was disrupted by homologous recombination on the A. calcoaceticus genome. The dch disruptant strain was more sensitive to growth inhibition by peracetic acid than the parent strain. On the other hand, the recombinant Escherichia coli cells expressing dch were more resistant to peracetic acid. A putative catalase gene was found immediately downstream of dch, and Northern blot hybridization analysis revealed that they are transcribed as part of a polycistronic mRNA. These results suggested that in vivo DCH detoxifies peroxoacids in conjunction with the catalase, i.e. peroxoacids are first hydrolysed to the corresponding acids and hydrogen peroxide by DCH, and then the resulting hydrogen peroxide is degraded by the catalase.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient New Synthesis of 17‐Azasteroids. Preparation of Some Novel N‐Chloro‐17‐aza‐ and N‐Chloro‐17a‐aza‐17a‐homosteroids as Potential Affinity Labels and Enzyme Inhibitors. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Higher-order multicomponent reactions: beyond four reactants (2013)

Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are by far the most successful class of reactions leading to high structural diversity and molecular complexity through a single transformation. As part of the ongoing search for pharmacologically active lead structures, the obtained structural diversity allows for the fast exploration of a large chemical space. Not surprisingly, the development of MCRs, leading to new structural frameworks or serving as key transformations in the total synthesis of natural products, has expanded rapidly over the last few decades. To date a multitude of new three- and four-component reactions have already been described; however, examples of "higher-order" MCRs where five or even more components are combined in a single reaction vessel are remarkably scarce. This tutorial review aims to critically describe the developments achieved in recent years, charting the ideas, challenges, and milestone reactions that were essential for the progress of this field.
Deep Equilibrium Models (2019)

We present a new approach to modeling sequential data: the deep equilibrium model (DEQ). Motivated by an observation that the hidden layers of many existing deep sequence models converge towards some fixed point, we propose the DEQ approach that directly finds these equilibrium points via root-finding. Such a method is equivalent to running an infinite depth (weight-tied) feedforward network, but has the notable advantage that we can analytically backpropagate through the equilibrium point using implicit differentiation. Using this approach, training and prediction in these networks require only constant memory, regardless of the effective "depth" of the network. We demonstrate how DEQs can be applied to two state-of-the-art deep sequence models: self-attention transformers and trellis networks. On large-scale language modeling tasks, such as the WikiText-103 benchmark, we show that DEQs 1) often improve performance over these state-of-the-art models (for similar parameter counts); 2) have similar computational requirements to existing models; and 3) vastly reduce memory consumption (often the bottleneck for training large sequence models), demonstrating an up-to 88% memory reduction in our experiments. The code is available at https://github.com/locuslab/deq .
[Chemical Characteristics and Sources of Atmospheric Aerosols in the Surrounding District of a Heavily Polluted City in the Southern Part of North China]. (2022)

In order to explore the chemical composition and source profiles of atmospheric particulate matter in winter in the northern area of Handan, a heavily polluted city in the southern part of North China, PM<sub>1</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> samples were collected and analyzed from November 23 to December 12, 2020. During the observation period, the daily average <i>ρ</i>(PM<sub>1</sub>)and <i>ρ</i>(PM<sub>2.5</sub>) were 114.53 μg·m<sup>-3</sup> and 124.25 μg·m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively, and the ratio of PM<sub>1</sub>/PM<sub>2.5</sub> was 83.3%-95.3%, which was significantly higher than those of other cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, indicating that air pollution of fine particulate matter, especially sub-micron particulate matter, was more serious in Handan. Compared with that during clean days, SNA (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) in PM<sub>1</sub> increased by 14.5% during heavy pollution, and SNA in PM<sub>2.5</sub> increased by 15.2%; the nitrogen oxidation rate (NOR) in particular increased by three times on heavy pollution days. With the deepening of pollution, the proportion of secondary organic carbon (SOC) in PM<sub>1</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> increased by 22.0% and 12.5%, respectively. SOC tended to accumulate in small particles, whereas the proportion of primary organic carbon (POC) and elemental carbon (EC) in PM<sub>1</sub> decreased by 15.4% and 6.6%, and the POC and EC in PM<sub>2.5</sub> decreased by 8.2% and 4.3%, respectively. The above results indicated that secondary formation played an important role in the heavy pollution of particulate matter. With the aggravation of air pollution, the liquid water content of the particles increased, and both the sulfur oxidation ratio (SOR) and nitrogen oxidation ratio (NOR) increased, indicating that the aqueous phase chemical reaction made an important contribution to the formation of secondary inorganics. With the deepening of pollution, inorganic elements were on the rise; Se, As, Pb, and Zn were highly enriched in inorganic elements. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that secondary formation, industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, and biomass burning emissions were the main sources of particulate pollutants. The results of potential source contribution factor analysis (PSCF) showed that the high value areas of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, EC, OC, and inorganic elements were mainly from the north and southwest directions of the observation area.
Time Resolved HWA Measurements of the OTL Flow Field From a Shrouded Turbine HP Rotor Blade (1998)

Detailed time resolved Hot Wire Anemometry (HWA) measurement have been made of the over tip leakage (OTL) flow field, from a shrouded HP rotor blade. The objective of this study being to investigate the sensitivity of the flow conditions presented to the IP Nozzle Guide Vane (IPNGV), resulting from changes to the HP blade tip gap clearance and shroud geometry. An extensive experimental data set has been produced in the outer 25% of the annulus height. Post-processing of this data has allowed both the absolute &amp; rotor relative velocity and whirl angle to be calculated, which has been presented in both a graphical and semi-animated form. A detailed analysis of the flow field has been undertaken, which has been compared with the exit flow field predicted by a comprehensive CFD simulation of the HP blade and shroud. Good agreement between the measured and the predicted flow field has been obtained. This has permitted the salient features, which influence the flow conditions presented to the IPNGV, to be identified. Advanced post-processing of the time-resolved data, has enabled some of the Reynolds and Deterministic stress components to be evaluated. A comparison of the magnitude of these components has been made, which the objective of assessing their relative importance in multistage steady CFD calculations.
Boundary‐Value Problems (2005)

Abstract This article strictly concentrates on the use of the finite‐difference method (FDM) in the numerical analysis of boundary value problems associated with primarily static and to some extent quasistatic electromagnetic (EM) fields. Although all examples presented herein deal with EM‐related engineering applications, some numerical aspects of FDM are also covered. The emphasis will be placed on the applications of FDM to three‐dimensional boundary value problems involving objects with arbitrary geometric shapes that are composed of complex dielectric materials.
An overview of the nonequilibrium behavior of polymer glasses (1981)

It is pointed out that research efforts are at present being directed in two areas, one comprising experimental studies of this phenomenon in various glassy polymer systems and the other involving the development of a quantitative theory capable of satisfactorily predicting aging behavior for a variety of polymer materials under different conditions. Recent work in both these areas is surveyed. The basic principles of nonequilibrium behavior are outlined, with emphasis placed on changes in material properties with annealing below the glass transition temperature. Free volume theory and thermodynamic theory are discussed.
The association between atopy and factors influencing folate metabolism: is low folate status causally related to the development of atopy? (2006)

The results suggest that an impaired folate metabolism may be causally related to the development of atopy.
Chiral aminophosphonate eluent for enantiomeric analysis of amino acids (1996)

An aqueous solution of the (+)-monoethyl ester of N-(1'-hydroxymethyl)propyl-alpha-aminobenzylphosphonic acid has been proposed as a suitable chiral eluent for enantiomeric analysis of amino acids by ligand-exchange chromatography. Asymmetric synthesis of the chiral selector using (-)-(R)-2-aminobutan-1-ol as a starting reactant is described. The dependence of the parameters of separation of valine enantiomers on concentration of the complexing ion, pH, and temperature has been investigated. It is shown that the order in which enantiomers are eluted from a column depends on the concentration of the complexing ion and pH.
Synthetic studies toward gelsemine. 2. Preparation of the tetracyclic skeletal part by way of a highly stereospecific intramolecular reaction of a silyl enol ether with an N-acyliminium ion (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic studies toward gelsemine. 2. Preparation of the tetracyclic skeletal part by way of a highly stereospecific intramolecular reaction of a silyl enol ether with an N-acyliminium ionHenk Hiemstra, Robert Jan Vijn, and W. Nico SpeckampCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 16, 3882–3884Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00251a049https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00251a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views382Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts