gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Histamine Enhances Voltage-Gated Potassium Currents of ON Bipolar Cells in Macaque Retina (2009)

By enhancing potassium currents in the ON bipolar cells, histamine is expected to reduce the amplitude of the light responses and limit their duration. The hyperpolarization of the resting membrane potential would also reduce neurotransmitter release at their output synapses.
Bohr-Sommerfeld phases for avoided crossings (2011)

We consider the adiabatic limit in quantum mechanics with several avoided crossings. We compute the interferences effects uniformly w.r. to the gaps and the adiabatic parameter. This way we get the asymoptotic expansion of the global scattering matrix. We use the technics of normal forms introduced in the paper written with B. Parisse (Commun. Math. Phys. 205 pp. 459--500 (1999)).
High Resolution Crystal Structure of the Catalytic Domain of ADAMTS-5 (Aggrecanase-2) (2007)

Aggrecanase-2 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-5 (ADAMTS-5)), a member of the ADAMTS protein family, is critically involved in arthritic diseases because of its direct role in cleaving the cartilage component aggrecan. The catalytic domain of aggrecanase-2 has been refolded, purified, and crystallized, and its three-dimensional structure determined to 1.4A resolution in the presence of an inhibitor. A high resolution structure of an ADAMTS/aggrecanase protein provides an opportunity for the development of therapeutics to treat osteoarthritis.
High Performance Inversion-Mode In<sub>0.53</sub>Ga<sub>0.47</sub>As FinFETs for Logic and RF Applications (2023)

An inversion-mode In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.53</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.47</sub> As FinFET exhibiting a transition frequency (fT) of 271 GHz and a maximum oscillation frequency (f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> ) of 78 GHz at V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ds</sub> = 0.5 V is reported in this work. Simultaneously, the transconductance (gm) of 2056 (μS/μm) and drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) of 121 (mV/V) obtained were also exhibited. Moreover, a subthreshold swing (SS) of 86 and 97 (mV/dec) was obtained at V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ds</sub> = 0.05 and 0.5 V, respectively. These exceptional properties are the result of employing N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> remote plasma treatment, enhancing the quality of high-k/III-V interface and carrier mobility. The fin structure contributes to good suppression of short channel effects (SCEs), and the superior transfer characteristics are due to the improved gate controllability. We also extracted an effective electron velocity (ν <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> ) of 2.18×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> (cm/s) by delay time analysis, providing a probable explanation for the obtained fT performance. This work explicitly exhibits the potential of high-performance inversion-mode InGaAs FinFETs, positioning them as promising candidates for future high-frequency system applications.
Programmable viscoelastic matrices from artificial proteins (2017)

Extracellular matrix compliance influences cellular adhesion and migration, proliferation and apoptosis,&#13;\nand differentiation. Much of our current knowledge of the effects of substrate stiffness on cellular behavior is based on elastic substrates, in particular cross‐linked polyacrylamide hydrogels. Biological tissues, however, are viscoelastic and exhibit stress relaxation and energy dissipation on physiologically relevant timescales. While emerging evidence suggests that these physical properties also influence cellular behavior, materials in which viscoelasticity can be precisely engineered are currently lacking. Here, we describe programmable hydrogel matrices assembled from artificial recombinant proteins designed to be cross‐linked by covalent bonds involving cysteine residues, by association of helical domains as coiled coils, or by both mechanisms. Using these proteins, we construct chemical, physical, and chemical‐physical hydrogel networks that deform elastically or viscoelastically depending on the type of cross‐linking (Dooling et al., Adv. Mater., 2016, 28, 4651–4657). In viscoelastic networks, the amount of stress relaxation is tuned by controlling the ratio of physical cross‐linking to chemical crosslinking, and the timescale for stress relaxation is tuned over five orders of magnitude by single point mutations to the coiled‐coil physical cross‐linking domain (Dooling and Tirrell, ACS Cent. Sci., 2016, 2,&#13;\n812–819). The genetic engineering approach also allows biological activity to be encoded directly within&#13;\nthe protein sequence in the form of cell‐adhesive domains and proteolytic cleavage sites. The capacity to program the viscoelasticity and biological activity of hydrogel matrices is anticipated to have applications in studying and engineering cell‐matrix interactions.
K-MEANS CLUSTERING FOR PROBLEMS WITH PERIODIC ATTRIBUTES (2009)

The K-means algorithm is very popular in the machine learning community due to its inherent simplicity. However, in its basic form, it is not suitable for use in problems which contain periodic attributes, such as oscillator phase, hour of day or directional heading. A commonly used technique of trigonometrically encoding periodic input attributes to artificially generate the required topology introduces a systematic error. In this paper, a metric which induces a conceptually correct topology for periodic attributes is embedded into the K-means algorithm. This requires solving a non-convex minimization problem in the maximization step. Results of numerical experiments comparing the proposed algorithm to K-means with trigonometric encoding on synthetically generated data are reported. The advantage of using the proposed K-means algorithm is also shown on a real example using gas load data to build simple predictive models.
Thermodynamic Properties of Steroids: 5-cholesten-3.BETA.-ol, 5.ALPHA.-cholestan-3.BETA.-ol, and 5.BETA.-cholestan-3.ALPHA.-ol. (2001)

Thermodynamic properties such as melting point, enthalpy of fusion, and heat capacity for 5-cholesten-3β-ol (I), 5α-cholestan-3β-ol (II), and 5β-cholestan-3α-ol (III) were studied. The values of the melting point and the enthalpy of fusion for I were slightly larger than those for II, whereas the values for III were smaller than those for I and II. The heat capacity for I was to some extent larger than that for II or III in solid and even in liquid states. II is similar to I in the overall skeletal structure and in the direction of the OH moiety linking directly to the steroid ring. In addition, the X-ray powder diffraction pattern for II resembled that for I, whereas the pattern for III differed from that for I. The phase diagram for I/II mixture indicated that the I and II molecules are phase-separated in the solid state and give a eutectic mixture. The phase diagram results connecting with the data for the melting point, the enthalpy of fusion, and the heat capacity suggest that the cohesive force of I is stronger than that of II in spite of the similarity of I to II in the molecular and stacking structures. On the other hand, the phase diagrams of I/III and II/III mixtures indicated that I and III molecules and II and III molecules, whose OH moieties are in opposite directions to each other, made a strong 1 : 1 compound.
Association of T-cell receptor Vβ haplotypes with dry skin in DS-<i>Nh</i>mice (2008)

A specific lymphocyte subpopulation bearing T-cell receptors may be responsible for loratadine-responsive dermatitis in DS-Nh mice.
Using negative edge triggered ffs to reduce glitching power in FPGA circuits (2007)

This paper presents an algorithm for reducing dynamic power dissipated by Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) circuits. The algorithm uses a fast probability based model to estimate glitches on wires in a circuit and then inserts negative edge triggered FFs at outputs of Lookup Tables (LUTs) that produce glitches. A negative edge triggered FF maintains the logic value produced by the LUT in the previous cycle for the first half of the clock period, filtering glitches that occur at the output of the LUT. The power dissipation is lowered by reducing the number of transitions that propagate to the general routing network.
Central nervous system mechanisms in hypertension (1981)

Central nervous system mechanisms in hypertension , Central nervous system mechanisms in hypertension , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
Measurement of sin2 θlept eff using eþe− pairs from γ=Z bosons produced in pp collisions at a center-of-momentum energy of 1.96 TeV (2016)

At the Fermilab Tevatron proton-antiproton (pp¯) collider, Drell-Yan lepton pairs are produced in the process pp¯→e+e−+X through an intermediate γ∗/Z boson. The forward-backward asymmetry in the polar-angle distribution of the e− as a function of the e+e−-pair mass is used to obtain sin2θlepteff, the effective leptonic determination of the electroweak-mixing parameter sin2θW. The measurement sample, recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF), corresponds to 9.4  fb−1 of integrated luminosity from pp¯ collisions at a center-of-momentum energy of 1.96 TeV, and is the full CDF Run II data set. The value of sin2θlepteff is found to be 0.23248±0.00053. The combination with the previous CDF measurement based on μ+μ− pairs yields sin2θlepteff=0.23221±0.00046. This result, when interpreted within the specified context of the standard model assuming sin2θW=1−M2W/M2Z and that the W- and Z-boson masses are on-shell, yields sin2θW=0.22400±0.00045, or equivalently a W-boson mass of 80.328±0.024  GeV/c2.
Computer Simulation of Intake and Exhaust Manifold Flow and Heat Transfer (1986)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A complete non-steady intake and exhaust flow single cylinder computer simulation for spark ignition IC engines has been developed and is presented. The in-cylinder calculations include the use of a two-zone combustion model. The exhaust flow incorporated a quasi-steady heat transfer coefficient correlated from experimental data. Measurements from the experiment are compared to the results from the simulation. It was found that the quasi-steady heat transfer coefficient accurately models the temperature transients of the exhaust.&lt;/div&gt;
Engineering a <i>de novo</i>-designed coiled-coil heterodimerization domain for the rapid detection, purification and characterization of recombinantly expressed peptides and proteins (1996)

Using the techniques of genetic engineering and the principles of protein de novo design, we have developed a unique affinity matrix protein tag system as a rapid, convenient and sensitive method to detect, purify and characterize newly expressed recombinant peptides or proteins from cell extracts. The method utilizes two de novo-designed linear peptide sequences that can selectively dimerize to form the stable protein motif, the two-stranded alpha-helical coiled-coil. In this method, a recombinant bacterial expression vector pRLDE has been engineered so that one of the dimerization strands (E-coil) is expressed as a C-terminal fusion tag on newly expressed peptides or proteins, while the other (K-coil) is either biotin-labeled for detection in a Western blot-type format or immobilized on an insoluble silica support for selective dimerization affinity chromatography. Recombinantly expressed peptides from Escherichia coli containing the dimerization tag have been produced, detected and purified using this method. The recombinant peptides were easily and clearly identified using the biotin-labeled coil, while the single-step affinity purification results indicated the purity of the affinity purified expressed peptides to be > 95%, as assessed by reversed-phase chromatography. The stability of the dimerization domain also allows for the purified peptide to be left attached to the matrix, thus creating a new peptide-bound column that can be used to study peptide-protein or peptide-ligand interactions. Therefore this system offers a new alternative to existing peptide or protein fusion tags and demonstrates the utility of a de novo-designed system.
Passivity-Based PI Control of Switched Power Converters (2004)

This paper addresses the practically important question of when a nonlinear system can be asymptotically stabilized with a linear proportional-integral (PI) controller, and shows that it is possible if the system can be passified with constant (though unknown) control actions. This simple result is then used to propose a constructive methodology to design PI schemes for switched power converters, which are viewed from a novel perspective: with the switches acting as effective "port variables" that establish a passive mapping with suitably defined outputs. This should be contrasted with the classical viewpoint where the switches regulate the internal energy exchanges. The framework provides also rules to tune the parameters of other linear control schemes to ensure stability. Detailed calculations are given for a three-phase rectifier for which, interestingly, the resulting PI resembles the widely popular active-reactive (PQ) instantaneous power controller of Akagi and co-workers. Experimental results that compare the performance of the proposed PI with various other linear and nonlinear designs are given.
Synergistic Antileukemic Activity of Carnosic Acid-Rich Rosemary Extract and the 19-nor Gemini Vitamin D Analogue in a Mouse Model of Systemic Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2008)

Combined effectiveness of 1,25D(3) analogues and rosemary agents against mouse AML warrants further exploration of this therapeutic approach in translational models of human leukemia.
Simulation based formulation of a non-chemically amplified resist for 257 nm laser mask fabrication (2000)

The demand for smaller and more uniform features on photomasks has inspired consideration of a DUV (257 nm) resist process for optical pattern generation. Chemically amplified resists require storage and exposure in carbon filtered environments, and they require post-exposure bakes. Few mask facilities are set up to handle chemically amplified resists commonly used in deep UV wafer fabrication process. Hence, it is appropriate to explore the lithographic performance of non-chemically amplified resist materials for 257 nm laser photomask lithography. Resist characterization and lithography simulation were used to formulate a 257 nm resist from DNQ / novolak materials provided by a commercial resist supplier. Diazonaphthoquinone (DNQ) / novolak resists have not been used for DUV Integrated Circuit (IC) applications mainly due to the low sensitivity and the strong absorbance of the DNQ photoactive compound (PAC) at 248 nm. However, a 2,1,4 DNQ based resist has been characterized that bleaches at 257 nm and inhibits novolak. The photoproduct of the 2,1,4 DNQ PAC is much more transparent at 257 nm than 248 nm. Novolak resin also has an absorbance minimum in the DUV at 257 nm that provides transparency similar to poly (hydroxystyrene). Traditional photoresist formulation requires tedious, iterative, and expensive manufacturing trials. Resist characterization and lithography simulation can be used to relate lithographic performance (resolution, sidewall and
Analysis of different innovative formulations of curcumin for improved relative oral bioavailability in human subjects (2017)

The data presented suggest that γ-cyclodextrin curcumin formulation (CW8) significantly improves the absorption of curcuminoids in healthy humans.
PLATE FIXATION OF TIBIAL SHAFT FRACTURES (1982)

The treatment of tibial shaft fractures is discussed with emphasis given to plate and screw fixation. A review of plate fixation of 65 tibial fractures is presented with average followup of 4.37 years. When reserved for unstable fractures with minor soft tissue disruption, internal fixation by the use of plates and screws resulted in a small incidence of deformity and shortening, with little risk of local complications. Comparison of our incidence of complications with those previously published illustrate that serious complications are mainly a result of the type and severity of the initial trauma. Some technical considerations are briefly discussed. Recommendations are proposed for the treatment of the various types of tibial shaft fractures.
Echo‐planar MR imaging of human brain oxygenation changes (1993)

Echo-planar magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was used to observe signal intensity changes in the human brain during hypoxia. Increasing arterial blood levels of deoxyhemoglobin (0%-42%) during prolonged apnea were monitored with a pulse oximeter and correlated with gray matter and white matter signal attenuation of 13% and 20%, respectively. The results suggest the possibility of using deoxyhemoglobin boluses as a physiologic, intravascular susceptibility contrast agent for assessment of local cerebral oxygen utilization.
Specific Patterns of Immune Cell Dynamics May Explain the Early Onset and Prolonged Efficacy of Cladribine Tablets (2022)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03364036. Date registered: December 06, 2017.
Laser-Induced Graphene Electrodes for Electrochemistry Education and Research (2023)

Many aspects of electrochemical education, such as electroanalysis demonstrations, require three-electrode-cell experimental setups. Many researchers and educators use screen-printed electrochemical electrodes, which are miniature and disposable but are relatively expensive and use proprietary fabrication components. The present article describes how to laser-scribe complete three-electrode graphene-based electrodes that can compete with (and, in some regards, even rival) commercial screen-printed electrodes. The process of optimization of the lasing procedure to produce laser-induced graphene using almost any laser cutter available to the reader is described. A way to form a Ag/AgCl pseudoreference electrode on the graphene trace to complete the three-electrode cell, without usage of commercial inks or complicated printing technologies, is demonstrated. Electrochemical characterization of the electrode surface, reference electrode stability, and student practice demonstration of analytic applications of the produced cells (determination of dopamine concentration and coffee polyphenols) are described. These experiments and procedures act both as a method of fabrication of laser-scribed electrodes and as an educational material for introduction to electrodeposition, voltammetry, and electroanalysis.
Anammox enrichment: impact of sludge retention time on nitrogen removal (2021)

Enrichment of anammox bacteria has long been considered to be time-consuming because of the slow growth rate. This study evaluated the impact of sludge retention time (SRT) on the enrichment of anammox bacteria with a focus on nitrogen removal and specific anammox activity (SAA) in sequencing batch reactors (SBR). A total of eight different SRTs in the range of 30-1280 days at nitrogen loading rates (NLR) range from 12.1 to 122.1 mg/L-d were used to evaluate the anammox activity. SAA was negligible during the first 105 days due to denitrification and continued to increase thereafter to peak at 0.22 g N/g VSS-d on day 530 as the solids and hydraulic retention times (SRT and HRT) decreased from 120 to 80 days and 10 to 2 days, respectively. The stability of SAA (0.21 ± 0.02 g N/g VSS-d) from day 503 to day 670 indicates that anammox bacteria should be enriched at SRTs ranging from 30 to 80 days and NLR of 122.1 mg N/L-d. Moreover, the SBR achieved a maximum nitrogen removal efficiency of 86.6% at an SRT of 30 days and an NLR of 122 mg/L-d. Microbial analysis indicated that the two most abundant microorganisms accounting for 48% of the bacterial population are Anammoxoglobus followed by the heterotrophic denitrifier Rhizobiales. The maximum specific growth rate (was estimated as 0.062 d<sup>-1</sup>, consistent with typical of 0.057 d<sup>-1</sup>. The average first-order decay rate was estimated as 0.008 d<sup>-1</sup>, and the half-saturation constants (ks) averaged 16.2 mg NH4-N/L.
Disk shape and its effect on flyability (2003)

The static spacing loss of slider-disk interface is investigated through careful characterization of disk shape for disks of different form factors with different peak-to-valley flatness values. Measured radial profiles are normalized and found to be confined within a relatively narrow region. The representation of these shapes is reduced to a simple set of quadratic equations. Static flyability models associated with the disk radial slope (crown effect) and radial curvature (camber effect) are presented. Spacing loss is calculated for a negative pressure pico-slider and a positive pressure catamaran nano-slider. Results show that slider geometries and crown/camber sensitivity, as well as disk flatness and shape, all affect static slider-disk spacing loss. The analysis is focused on the effect of disk shape on the static spacing loss and its relationship to slider design.
CHF6001 Inhibits NF-κB Activation and Neutrophilic Recruitment in LPS-Induced Lung Inflammation in Mice (2019)

Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) are potent anti-inflammatory agents, inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators through the elevation of intracellular cAMP concentrations. We studied the activity of a novel PDE4 inhibitor, CHF6001, both <i>in vitro</i> in human cells and <i>in vivo</i>, using bioluminescence imaging (BLI) in mice lung inflammation. Mice transiently transfected with the luciferase gene under the control of an NF-κB responsive element (NF-κB-luc) have been used to assess the <i>in vivo</i> anti-inflammatory activity of CHF6001 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung inflammation. BLI as well as inflammatory cells and the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines were monitored in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) while testing <i>in vitro</i> its ability to affect the production of leukotriene B<sub>4</sub> (LTB<sub>4</sub>), measured by LC/MS/MS, by LPS/LPS/<i>N</i>-formyl--methionyl--leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-activated human blood. CHF6001 inhibited the production of LTB<sub>4</sub> in LPS/fMLP-activated human blood at sub-nanomolar concentrations. LPS-induced an increase of BLI signal in NF-κB-luc mice, and CHF6001 administered by dry powder inhalation decreased in parallel luciferase signal, cell airway infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations in BALF. The results obtained provide <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> evidence of the anti-inflammatory activity of the potent PDE4 inhibitor CHF6001, showing that with a topical administration that closely mimics inhalation in humans, it efficiently disrupts the NF-κB activation associated with LPS challenge, an effect that may be relevant for the prevention of exacerbation episodes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subjects.