gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling Missing Data in Distant Supervision for Information Extraction (2013)

Distant supervision algorithms learn information extraction models given only large readily available databases and text collections. Most previous work has used heuristics for generating labeled data, for example assuming that facts not contained in the database are not mentioned in the text, and facts in the database must be mentioned at least once. In this paper, we propose a new latent-variable approach that models missing data. This provides a natural way to incorporate side information, for instance modeling the intuition that text will often mention rare entities which are likely to be missing in the database. Despite the added complexity introduced by reasoning about missing data, we demonstrate that a carefully designed local search approach to inference is very accurate and scales to large datasets. Experiments demonstrate improved performance for binary and unary relation extraction when compared to learning with heuristic labels, including on average a 27% increase in area under the precision recall curve in the binary case.
Relationship between Molecular Structures of Organic-Sulfur Compounds and Metal Forming Performance (2016)

Oil with a chlorinated extremely-pressure additive (EP-additive) is effective to prevent galling in cold forming for stainless steel. However environmental issues have pressured the manufacture to replace this oil with high performance oil without chloride. Particularly, sulfur-based EP-additives are accepted as a practicable replacement for chlorinated EP-additives. Thus, the authors analyzed the structures of organic-sulfur compounds. Moreover, the effects of the molecular structures on the anti-galling performance are estimated by a cup internal ironing test. This test has been devised to classify the performance of sample oils by the ironing load and the damage on the workpiece after the test. Consequently, sulfurized olefin was superior to sulfurized ester and sulfurized fatty oil in cold ironing for stainless steel. It was also clarified that sulfur EP-additives generated iron sulfide and sulfate on the surface of stainless steel by using the surface analyses of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new scaffold for Pim kinase inhibitors (2010)

Poster
Microbial survival and growth on <scp>non‐corrodible</scp> conductive materials (2021)

Biofilms growing aerobically on conductive substrates are often correlated with a positive, sustained shift in their redox potential. This phenomenon has a beneficial impact on microbial fuel cells by increasing their overall power output but can be detrimental when occurring on stainless steel by enhancing corrosion. The biological mechanism behind this potential shift is unresolved and a metabolic benefit to cells has not been demonstrated. Here, biofilms containing the electroautotroph 'Candidatus Tenderia electrophaga' catalysed a shift in the open circuit potential of graphite and indium tin oxide electrodes by >100 mV. Biofilms on open circuit electrodes had increased biomass and a significantly higher proportion of 'Ca. Tenderia electrophaga' compared to those on plain glass. Addition of metabolic inhibitors showed that living cells were required to maintain the more positive potential. We propose a model to describe these observations, in which 'Ca. Tenderia electrophaga' drives the shift in open circuit potential through electron uptake for oxygen reduction and CO<sub>2</sub> fixation. We further propose that the electrode is continuously recharged by oxidation of trace redox-active molecules in the medium at the more positive potential. A similar phenomenon is possible on natural conductive substrates in the environment.
P7C3-A20 treatment one year after TBI in mice repairs the blood–brain barrier, arrests chronic neurodegeneration, and restores cognition (2020)

Chronic neurodegeneration in survivors of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity, with no effective therapies to mitigate this progressive and debilitating form of nerve cell death. Here, we report that pharmacologic restoration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), 12 mo after murine TBI, is associated with arrested axonal neurodegeneration and cognitive recovery, benefits that persisted for months after treatment cessation. Recovery was achieved by 30 d of once-daily administration of P7C3-A20, a compound that stabilizes cellular energy levels. Four months after P7C3-A20, electron microscopy revealed full repair of TBI-induced breaks in cortical and hippocampal BBB endothelium. Immunohistochemical staining identified additional benefits of P7C3-A20, including restoration of normal BBB endothelium length, increased brain capillary pericyte density, increased expression of BBB tight junction proteins, reduced brain infiltration of immunoglobulin, and attenuated neuroinflammation. These changes were accompanied by cessation of TBI-induced chronic axonal degeneration. Specificity for P7C3-A20 action on the endothelium was confirmed by protection of cultured human brain microvascular endothelial cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death, as well as preservation of BBB integrity in mice after exposure to toxic levels of lipopolysaccharide. P7C3-A20 also protected mice from BBB degradation after acute TBI. Collectively, our results provide insights into the pathophysiologic mechanisms behind chronic neurodegeneration after TBI, along with a putative treatment strategy. Because TBI increases the risks of other forms of neurodegeneration involving BBB deterioration (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, vascular dementia, chronic traumatic encephalopathy), P7C3-A20 may have widespread clinical utility in the setting of neurodegenerative conditions.
Binding of carbonyls to fish actomyosin (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBinding of carbonyls to fish actomyosinSrinivasan Damodaran and John E. KinsellaCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1983, 31, 4, 856–859Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00118a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00118a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views148Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Malignant pericytes expressing GT198 give rise to tumor cells through angiogenesis (2017)

Angiogenesis promotes tumor development. Understanding the crucial factors regulating tumor angiogenesis may reveal new therapeutic targets. Human GT198 (<i>PSMC3IP</i> or Hop2) is an oncoprotein encoded by a DNA repair gene that is overexpressed in tumor stromal vasculature to stimulate the expression of angiogenic factors. Here we show that pericytes expressing GT198 give rise to tumor cells through angiogenesis. GT198<sup>+</sup> pericytes and perivascular cells are commonly present in the stromal compartment of various human solid tumors and rodent xenograft tumor models. In human oral cancer, GT198<sup>+</sup> pericytes proliferate into GT198<sup>+</sup> tumor cells, which migrate into lymph nodes. Increased GT198 expression is associated with increased lymph node metastasis and decreased progression-free survival in oral cancer patients. In rat brain U-251 glioblastoma xenografts, GT198<sup>+</sup> pericytes of human tumor origin encase endothelial cells of rat origin to form mosaic angiogenic blood vessels, and differentiate into pericyte-derived tumor cells. The net effect is continued production of glioblastoma tumor cells from malignant pericytes via angiogenesis. In addition, activation of GT198 induces the expression of VEGF and promotes tube formation in cultured U251 cells. Furthermore, vaccination using GT198 protein as an antigen in mouse xenograft of GL261 glioma delayed tumor growth and prolonged mouse survival. Together, these findings suggest that GT198-expressing malignant pericytes can give rise to tumor cells through angiogenesis, and serve as a potential source of cells for distant metastasis. Hence, the oncoprotein GT198 has the potential to be a new target in anti-angiogenic therapies in human cancer.
Allergy to copper derived from dental alloys as a possible cause of oral lesions (1969)

No abstract available
Snake Venom Disintegrin Inhibits the Activation of Toll-Like Receptors and Alleviates Sepsis through Integrin alphaVbeta3 Blockade (2016)

Bacterial infection-induced sepsis is the leading cause of septic inflammatory disease. Rhodostomin (Rn), a snake venom disintegrin, was previously reported to interact with the αVβ3 integrin and the TLR4 on phagocyte in attenuating LPS-induced endotoxemia. In this report, we further evaluated the effects of Rn on TLR2-activated monocytes and its in vivo efficacy. Rn effectively suppressed the adhesion, migration, and cytokine release of Pam3CSK4-activated THP-1 cells. Rn specifically bound to integrin αVβ3 of TLR2-activated THP-1. Integrin αV and Akt siRNA transfection both restrained Pam3CSK4-elicited cytokine release. Rn decreased the Pam3CSK4-induced phosporylation of MAPKs, degradation of IκB and activation of FAK, Akt, c-Src and Syk. The Pam3CSK4-induced translocation of MyD88, a central adaptor of TLR2, to the cell membrane was also inhibited by Rn treatment. In the polymicrobial inflammatory caecal ligation and puncture model, Rn significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine release, alleviated tissue injury and elevated survival rate in vivo. Taken together, in addition to inhibiting the activation of TLR4, Rn exhibits anti-inflammatory activity through antagonizing the activation of phagocytes and interrupting the crosstalk between αVβ3 and TLR2-dependent signaling pathways.
Genetic counseling in monogenic diabetes GCK MODY (2016)

Each case of mutation detection, which is the cause of monogenic diabetes in a patient, justifies the genetic testing in other members of his/her family. Awareness of the genetic status may allow sick family member to confirm the diagnosis, while asymptomatic mutation carriers could benefit from an early clinical observation. Consequently, in each case it gives an opportunity to take diagnostic and therapeutic measures in accordance with the current state of knowledge.
Detection of illicit online sales of fentanyls via Twitter (2017)

A counterfeit fentanyl crisis is currently underway in the United States. Counterfeit versions of commonly abused prescription drugs laced with fentanyl are being manufactured, distributed, and sold globally, leading to an increase in overdose and death in countries like the United States and Canada. Despite concerns from the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency regarding covert and overt sale of fentanyls online, no study has examined the role of the Internet and social media on fentanyl illegal marketing and direct-to-consumer access. In response, this study collected and analyzed five months of Twitter data (from June-November 2015) filtered for the keyword "fentanyl" using Amazon Web Services. We then analyzed 28,711 fentanyl-related tweets using text filtering and a machine learning approach called a Biterm Topic Model (BTM) to detect underlying latent patterns or "topics" present in the corpus of tweets. Using this approach we detected a subset of 771 tweets marketing the sale of fentanyls online and then filtered this down to nine unique tweets containing hyperlinks to external websites. Six hyperlinks were associated with online fentanyl classified ads, 2 with illicit online pharmacies, and 1 could not be classified due to traffic redirection. Importantly, the one illicit online pharmacy detected was still accessible and offered the sale of fentanyls and other controlled substances direct-to-consumers with no prescription required at the time of publication of this study. Overall, we detected a relatively small sample of Tweets promoting illegal online sale of fentanyls. However, the detection of even a few online sellers represents a public health danger and a direct violation of law that demands further study.
DNA Nanowires (2001)

Abstract Current computer chip technology is based on lithographic methods that limit components to ∼0.3 microns in size, due to the wavelength of light, and the photoresist/coating/etching processes. The size directly determines computer speed, complexity and cost, and advances in computers over the years have mostly been due to reduction in component size. It is here proposed to construct nanowires that are approximately 2 nm in diameter, or 150 times smaller than currently available. For 2 dimensions, this translates into a 1502 = 22,500-fold computational advantage. Additionally, 3 dimensional construction is proposed, bringing the potential improvement factor to 3,375,000. While it is probably unrealistic that this factor of packing density can be fully achieved, even several orders of magnitude improvement over current technology would be significant. A wire width 2 nm may be achieved by placing gold quantum dots along a DNA template. Ends of the DNA-nanowire may be designed with sequences to attach by hybridization to complementary sequences on target connection pads, so that the two ends will seek and automatically wire correctly in solution. This strategy is easily adaptable to 3-dimensional wiring. Conduction between gold quantum dots may be studied as a function of spacing, size and coatings.
Structural Mimetic Silk Fiber-Reinforced Composite Scaffolds Using Multi-Angle Fibers (2015)

The fabrication of structural mimetic scaffolds reinforced with multi-angle silk fibers is described. Degummed silk fibers with a parallel arrangement of the fibers in a planar format were overlapped with successive layers organized at 0°, 30°, 60° and 90°, respectively. The overlapped silk fiber layers were coated with silk solution (6 wt%) containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The morphology, mechanical properties, structure and biocompatibility of the scaffolds were investigated. The mechanical properties of the scaffolds (tensile and burst) were characterized based on the angles of the fibers. Layers with an overlapping angle at 30° exhibited better mechanical performance (18 MPa) than the other groups. The results of Fourier Transform (FT) IR Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray Differentiation (XRD) analyses indicated that the presence of degummed silk fibers with different angles did not significantly impact secondary structure or crystallization of the fiber reinforced scaffolds. The attachment and growth of a human fibroblast cell line (HS-865-SK) on the reinforced scaffolds supported good cell compatibility. These new scaffolds have potential applications in tissue repairs where superior mechanical strength and cell compatibility are important.
Experimental feasibility of dual contrast agent based spectral photon-counting computed tomografy for detection of endoleaks following EVAR (2017)

After endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) discrimination of leaking contrast media and calcifications of similar attenuation within the aneurysm sac is challenging and often requires multiple CT acquisitions. Dual contrast agent based spectral photon-counting CT may provide reliable detection of endoleaks with a single CT acquisition.
Modeling and predicting performance of high performance computing applications on hardware accelerators (2012)

Hybrid-core systems speedup applications by offloading certain compute operations that can run faster on hardware accelerators. However, such systems require significant programming and porting effort to gain a performance benefit from the accelerators. Therefore, prior to porting it is prudent to investigate the predicted performance benefit of accelerators for a given workload. To address this problem we present a performance-modeling framework that predicts the application performance rapidly and accurately for hybrid-core systems. We present predictions for two full-scale HPC applications—HYCOM and Milc. Our results for two accelerators (GPU and FPGA) show that gather/scatter and stream operations can speedup by as much as a factor of 15 and overall compute time of Milc and HYCOM improve by 3.4% and 20%, respectively. We also show that in order to benefit from the accelerators, 70% of the latency of data transfer time between the CPU and the accelerators needs to be overcome.
Presence of extended-spectrum  -lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in wild geese (2011)

swabbed, approximately 4% of the total Belgian population was included in the study. ESBL-producing E. coli were only isolated from two geese (0.5% of the sampled animals). Analysis of the ESBL profile of the two ceftiofur-resistant E. coli isolates in this study resulted in the identification of the genes for TEM-52 and SHV-12. These genes are often present in ceftiofurresistant E. coli from poultry, cattle, pigs and humans. 1 The STs of the two E. coli isolates already existed in the MLSTdatabase (http ://mlst.ucc.ie). ST1079 was previously isolated from a cow in the UK that died because of extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) septicaemia. ST1844 was isolated from a healthy human in France. This demonstrates that the MLST types found in the geese are not restricted to wild birds. In conclusion, although the role of wild geese as a reservoir of bacteria carrying ESBL-encoding genes seems to be limited at present, the results of this study may indicate that these resistance determinants have disseminated in the natural environment.
Oxidative polymerization of 2,6‐dimethylphenol in water using <i>bis</i>‐triazacyclononane copper catalyst (2011)

Abstract Water soluble 1,4,7‐triazacyclononane derivatives were synthesized as the model of the tyrosinase binuclear active site and their copper (II) complexes have been employed as a catalyst for the oxidative polymerization of 2,6‐dimethylphenol using water as the solvent. With this enzyme mimic catalytic system, the polymer, poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide), was successfully obtained from the polymerization with suppression of the formation of the quinone by‐product, 4‐(3,5‐dimethyl‐4‐oxo‐2,5‐cyclohexadienylidene)‐2,6‐dimethyl‐2,5‐cyclohexadien‐one, during the polymerization process. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Oxygen Reduction Reaction Paths and Behavior of Hydrogen Peroxide Formation on Pt (111) for PEMFC (2009)

Abstract not Available.
Fiber optic spectrochemical emission sensor: Detection of volatile chlorinated compounds in air and water using ultra-thin membranes (1993)

Prior work on the fiber optic spectrochemical emission sensor called HaloSnif{trademark} has been extended to include an ultra-thin membrane which allows passage of volatile organic chlorinated compounds (VOCl). The membrane has been demonstrated to exclude H{sub 2}O during VOCl monitoring. The system is capable of measuring VOCl in gas-phase samples or aqueous solutions over a wide linear dynamic range. The lower limit of detection for trichloroethylene (TCE), perchloroethylene (PCE), carbon tetrachloride (CCl{sub 4}), and other related compounds in the gas-phase is 1 to 5 ppm{sub v/v}, and in the aqueous-phase is 5 to 10 mg/L. Waste site characterization and remediation activities often require chemical analysis in the vadose zone and in groundwater. These analyses are typically performed in analytical laboratories using widely accepted standardized methods such as gas chromatography, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The new developments with HaloSnif provide rapid field screening which can augment the standardized methods.
MDS Product Code Performance Estimations Under Header CRC Check Failures and Missing Syncs (2014)

Data storage systems that use removable media heavily rely on strong concatenated error correction coding (ECC) architectures in order to guarantee very low target data loss rates. Particularly, tape drives and optical disk drives (e.g., CD, DVD, and BD) employ powerful ECC schemes based on a concatenation of an outer maximum distance separable (MDS) code called C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and an inner MDS code called C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> in order to achieve this performance. In addition to data, these storage systems employ header and synchronization appends (i.e., sync patterns) for appropriate allocation of user information on the physical storage medium. Since headers and sync patterns are subject to channel errors as well, accurately retrieved data may be regarded useless if an error occurs in either of these fields. In order to predict very low target C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> failure rates (which is typically on the order of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-17</sup> ) in the presence of header and synchronization errors, we propose a semianalytical method in this paper that incorporates the effects of the header and synchronization errors in the output error rate expressions. We use our proposed model with linear tape open (LTO) data examples to both show the effectiveness of the estimation results and draw some interesting conclusions.
<i>Atm</i>Deficiency Affects Both Apoptosis and Proliferation to Augment Myc-Induced Lymphomagenesis (2007)

Myc oncoproteins are commonly activated in malignancies and are sufficient to provoke many types of cancer. However, the critical mechanisms by which Myc contributes to malignant transformation are not clear. DNA damage seems to be an important initiating event in tumorigenesis. Here, we show that although Myc does not directly induce double-stranded DNA breaks, it does augment activation of the Atm/p53 DNA damage response pathway, suggesting that Atm may function as a guardian against Myc-induced transformation. Indeed, we show that Atm loss augments Myc-induced lymphomagenesis and impairs Myc-induced apoptosis, which normally harnesses Myc-driven tumorigenesis. Surprisingly, Atm loss also augments the proliferative response induced by Myc, and this augmentation is associated with enhanced suppression of the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(Kip1). Therefore, regulation of cell proliferation and p27(Kip1) seems to be a contributing mechanism by which Atm holds tumor formation in check.
Preoperative assessment of skin tumor thickness and structure using 14-MHz ultrasound (2014)

Medium frequency ultrasound is not a reliable tool for the precise measurement of thin (≤1mm) skin tumors. Ultrasonography using a 14-MHz frequency transducer enables more precisely to measure the thickness of basal cell carcinoma than melanocytic skin tumors. The 14-MHz ultrasound is support tool to suggest the morphologic type of skin tumor.