gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inexpensive metal-free organic redox flow battery (ORBAT) for grid-scale storage (2023)

A flow battery includes a positive electrode, a positive electrode electrolyte, a negative electrode, a negative electrode electrolyte, and a polymer electrolyte membrane interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive electrode electrolyte includes water and a first redox couple. The first redox couple includes a first organic compound which includes a first moiety in conjugation with a second moiety. The first organic compound is reduced during discharge while during charging the reduction product of the first organic compound is oxidized to the first organic compound. The negative electrode electrolyte includes water and a second redox couple. The second couple includes a second organic compound including a first moiety in conjugation with a second moiety. The reduction product of the second organic compound is oxidized to the second organic compound during discharge.
Highly efficient human serum filtration with water-soluble nanoporous nanoparticles (2010)

From these findings, we conclude that ability to tune pore size, combined with the availability of hundreds of biomolecule cross-linkers, opens up new perspectives on complex biofluid analysis, discovery of biomarkers, and in situ drug delivery.
Field Experimental Results of E-UTRA Downlink with Precoding and Non-Precoding MIMO (2009)

This paper investigates the effect of precoding in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmission from the viewpoint of transmitter antenna configurations, i.e., space diversity (SD) or polarization diversity (PD), in field experiments using the Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) experimental system. The field experimental results show that there is no performance gap between with and without precoding irrespective of the antenna configuration in a non-line of sight (NLOS) environment when a common precoding vector is applied over the entire signal bandwidth of 18 MHz and the maximum likelihood detection with QR-decomposition and M-algorithm (QRM-MLD) based algorithm is applied at the receiver. In a high correlation channel as observed in a line of sight (LOS) environment, there is also no performance gap between with and without precoding. However, in the high received SINR region, the throughput performance of the precoding with the PD configuration is worse than that without precoding since decoding errors occurred in both codewords, which are mapped onto two different transmitters, due to a significantly high received power gap between vertically and horizontally-polarized antennas.
The Impact of Supplemental Macular Carotenoids in Alzheimer's Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial (2015)

Supplementation with the macular carotenoids (MZ, Z, and L) benefits patients with AD, in terms of clinically meaningful improvements in visual function and in terms of MP augmentation.
Efficience of human Plasmodium falciparum malaria vaccine candidates in Aotus lemurinus monkeys (1992)

The protective efficacy of several recombinant and a synthetic Plasmodium falciparum protein was assessed in Aotus monkeys. The rp41 aldolase, the 190L fragment of the MSA-1 protein and fusion 190L-CS. T3 protein containing the CS.T3 helper "universal" epitope were emulsified in Freund's adjuvants and injected 3 times in groups of 4-5 monkeys each one. The synthetic polymer Spf (66)30 also emulsified in Freund's adjuvants was injected 6 times. Control groups for both experiments were immunized with saline solution in the same adjuvant following the same schedules. Serology for malaria specific antibodies showed seroconversion in monkeys immunized with the recombinant proteins but not in those immunized with the polymer nor in the controls. Challenge was performed with the 10(5) parasites from the P. falciparum FVO isolate. Neither rp41 nor Spf(66)30 induced protection, whereas 190L induced significant delay of parasitemia. The fusion of the CS.T3 epitope to 190L significantly increased its protective capacity.
Reduction of Structure-Borne Tyre/Road Noise through Rubber Resonant Metamaterials in Tyres (2022)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper demonstrates the application of a resonant metamaterial concept to tyres in order to reduce structure-borne tyre/road noise. Special attention is given to the frequency range around 220Hz, containing the first acoustic tyre resonances. These resonances are known to transmit high forces to the wheel-knuckle, leading to structural energy propagating into the vehicle’s body and, consequently, causing a tonal noise issue in the vehicle compartment. By adding recycled rubber resonant elements to the inner liner of the tyre, structural stop band behaviour is achieved in the frequency band of interest. Hence, structural vibrations in the tyre are reduced, resulting in a reduction of the excitation of the first acoustic tyre resonances and, consequently, a mitigation of the transmitted forces to the wheel-knuckle. First, the stop band behaviour is designed via unit cell modelling of a section of a tyre mock-up that only accounts for its structural behaviour. Next, the resonant elements are produced and added to the tyre. Finally, an experimental campaign is carried out to verify the performance of resonant metamaterials in static and rolling conditions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Regulation of the efflux of putrescine and cadaverine from rapidly growing cultured RAW 264 cells by extracellular putrescine (1995)

Cultures of the macrophage-like RAW 264 cells were adapted to divide normally in a synthetic serum-supplemented culture medium lacking any polyamines and diamine oxidase activity. These rapidly dividing cells actively effluxed large amounts of putrescine and cadaverine, compared with the intracellular levels, into the culture medium. The efflux of putrescine was stimulated by the amino acid ornithine, whereas efflux of cadaverine was inhibited. Relatively low levels of spermidine and N1-acetyl-spermidine, compared with those of exported putrescine, were observed to accumulate in the culture medium. A careful analysis of the changes in the intracellular concentration of putrescine relative to the steady-state net rate of putrescine export, as the doubling time of the cultures increased from 16 h to 22 h, indicated that an inverse relationship existed between these two parameters. As the intracellular putrescine concentrations increased, the net rate of putrescine export decreased markedly. Determination of the rate of putrescine uptake indicated that putrescine uptake also decreased significantly as the cultures neared confluency, and at no time during the growth of the culture did the rate of putrescine uptake approximate to the high rate of putrescine efflux. The decrease in the putrescine export rate seen as the cells grew toward confluency was determined to be primarily due to the inhibitory effect of the effluxed putrescine in the medium (Ki = 2 microM), and not to contact inhibition. The data suggested that the efflux of putrescine and cadaverine is not mediated to a significant degree by a process involving simple diffusion.
Optimal holographic Fourier-transform lens (1984)

A Fourier-transform holographic optical element is described that has low aberrations over an extended range of spatial frequencies. The design is based on a relatively simple analytic solution involving optimization by minimizing the output wave-front deviations. We recorded the holographic element with the aid of a computer-generated hologram which was placed in one of the recording beams. The optimized element demonstrated much lower aberrations, over a 6° field, than the comparable spherical holographic lens.
Taiwan's first case of perinatal transmission of HIV confirmed by a modified western blot test. (1990)

A 25-year-old Chinese woman, was found HIV antibody positive on December 14, 1988. During our follow-up, we tested her American husband and found him to be seronegative. Unfortunately, her six-month-old infant was seropositive. The standard Western blot test was used in the first stage of analysis. The bands which appeared on the infant's strip were p15, p24, p31, p55 and gp120/gp160, but using the modified Western blot test the bands which appeared were p15, p24, p31, gp41, p53, p55, p64 and gp120/gp160. All the bands appearing on the infant's strips which used a modified Western blot test had higher intensities than those of a standard procedure. The mother was apparently infected with HIV through intercourse with her ex-boyfriend, who was a European. AZT was given to the mother because her T4 cell count was 338 per microliter and because of persistent cervical lymphadenopathy. The infant, which was bottle-fed and had been delivered by caesarean section, may have become HIV infected during the uterine stage.
Molecular diagnostics in urologic malignancies: a work in progress. (2011)

Recent understanding of the complex molecular alterations involved in the development and progression of urologic malignancies is yielding novel diagnostic and prognostic molecular tools and opening the doors for experimental targeted therapies in these prevalent, frequently lethal solid tumors.
User experiences with sharing and access control (2006)

The sharing of network-based information is a key component of recreational and professional interaction, from email attachments to P2P networks. However, people need to accommodate technical challenges in successful and secure content sharing. In particular, people have to manage access control policies that are both social and technical: deciding what to share and who to share it with, and how to technically effect their decisions. In this paper, we focus on the usability of access control: how people manage file sharing among various groups, organizations, and tasks. We present survey and interview data regarding content sharing and content protection, and discuss the implications for the design of networked collaboration tools.
Dataflow graphs as complete causal graphs (2023)

Component-based development is one of the core principles behind modern software engineering practices. Understanding of causal relationships between components of a software system can yield significant benefits to developers. Yet modern software design approaches make it difficult to track and discover such relationships at system scale, which leads to growing intellectual debt. In this paper we consider an alternative approach to software design, flow-based programming (FBP), and draw the attention of the community to the connection between dataflow graphs produced by FBP and structural causal models. With expository examples we show how this connection can be leveraged to improve day-to-day tasks in software projects, including fault localisation, business analysis and experimentation.
An integrated class D audio amplifier based on sliding mode control (2008)

Class D amplifiers are becoming the most feasible solution for embedded audio application. However, distortions due to the non-linear nature of switching stage are the main drawback for this amplifier topology. This paper discusses the design and implementation of high fidelity audio class D using sliding mode control scheme. This design method proves to be a cost effective solution for industrial circuit. Experimental IC results, using commercial 0.13 mum CMOS technology, verified the theoretical results: the efficiency is above 90%, THD is lower than 0.01% and PSRR is superior to 70 dB.
AL-57, a ligand-mimetic antibody to integrin LFA-1, reveals chemokine-induced affinity up-regulation in lymphocytes (2006)

Affinity of integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) is enhanced by conformational changes from the low-affinity closed form to the high-affinity (HA) open form of the ligand-binding inserted (I) domain as shown by work with purified I domains. However, affinity up-regulation of LFA-1 on the cell surface by physiological agonists such as chemokines has yet to be demonstrated by monovalent reagents. We characterize a mAb, AL-57 (activated LFA-1 clone 57), that has been developed by phage display that selectively targets the HA open conformation of the LFA-1 I domain. AL-57 discriminates among low-affinity, intermediate-affinity, and HA states of LFA-1. Furthermore, AL-57 functions as a ligand mimetic that binds only upon activation and requires Mg2+ for binding. Compared with the natural ligand intercellular adhesion molecule-1, AL-57 shows a tighter binding to the open I domain and a 250-fold slower off rate. Monovalent Fab AL-57 demonstrates affinity increases on a subset (approximately 10%) of lymphocyte cell surface LFA-1 molecules upon stimulation with CXCL-12 (CXC chemokine ligand 12). Affinity up-regulation correlates with global conformational changes of LFA-1 to the extended form. Affinity increase stimulated by CXCL-12 is transient and peaks 2 to 5 min after stimulation.
Diffusion Bases Dimensionality Reduction (2015)

The overflow of data is a critical contemporary challenge in many areas such as hyper-spectral sensing, information retrieval, biotechnology, social media mining, classification etc. It is usually manifested by a high dimensional representation of data observations. In most cases, the information that is inherent in high-dimensional datasets is conveyed by a small number of parameters that correspond to the actual degrees of freedom of the dataset. In order to efficiently process the dataset, one needs to derive these parameters by embedding the dataset into a low-dimensional space. This process is commonly referred to as dimensionality reduction or feature extraction. We present a novel algorithm for dimensionality reduction - diffusion bases - which explores the connectivity among the coordinates of the data and is dual to the diffusion maps algorithm. The algorithm reduces the dimensionality of the data while maintaining the coherency of the information that is conveyed by the data.
Avacincaptad pegol for geographic atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration: 18-month findings from the GATHER1 trial (2023)

Over this 18-month study, ACP 2 mg and 4 mg showed continued reductions in the progression of GA growth compared to sham and continued to be generally well tolerated. A pivotal phase 3 GATHER2 trial is currently underway to support the efficacy and safety of ACP as a potential treatment for GA.
Receptors for Interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-6-type Cytokines Use Similar Signaling Mechanisms for Inducing Transcription through IL-6 Response Elements (1996)

The cytoplasmic domain of the receptor for interleukin 10 (IL-10R) contains two box 3 sequence motifs that have been identified in the signal-transducing receptor subunits for IL-6-type cytokines and noted to be required for activating STAT3 and inducing transcription through IL-6-responsive elements. To determine whether the IL-10R has signaling functions similar to IL-6R in cells normally expressing these receptors, leukocytes of the B-, T-, and NK-cell lineages were treated with either cytokine. Both cytokines activated factors that bound to the sis-inducible element and included STAT1 and STAT3. The cell response to IL-10 characteristically differed from that to IL-2/IL-15, IL-4, and interferon gamma. The signaling capabilities of the IL-10R for activating specific STAT proteins and inducing gene transcription were defined by reconstitution of receptor functions in transfected tissue culture cells. COS-1 cells, co-expressing the human IL-10R and individual STAT proteins, confirmed a preference of the IL-10R for STAT3 and STAT1. Unlike many hematopoietin receptors, the IL-10R did not detectably activate STAT5. The IL-10R, together with reporter gene constructs containing different IL-6-responsive gene elements, reconstituted in hepatoma cells an induction of transcription by IL-10 that was comparable to that by IL-6. This regulation could not be appreciably modified by enhanced expression of STAT proteins. The similar actions of IL-10R and IL-6R on the induction of endogenous IL-6-responsive genes were demonstrated in hepatoma cells stably expressing the IL-10R. These receptor functions required the presence of the box 3 motifs, as shown by the analysis of the mouse IL-10R constructs containing progressively truncated cytoplasmic domains. The data demonstrate that the IL-10R, unlike other members of the interferon receptor family, is highly effective in recruiting the signaling pathways of IL-6-type cytokine receptors.
The consequences of early discharge after hip arthroplasty for patient outcomes and health care costs: comparison of three centres with differing durations of stay (2009)

Short postoperative stay after hip arthroplasty can be achieved without intensive patient preparation or post-discharge care and without compromising short-term patient outcome or increasing health care costs. Longer term follow-up is needed.
CsH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/NdPO<sub>4</sub>Composites as Proton Conducting Electrolytes for Intermediate Temperature Fuel Cells (2015)

Composite proton conducting materials based on cesium dihydrogen phosphate and neodymium phosphate hydrate were prepared and investigated in terms of X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, conductivity, stability and fuel cell performance. At 150°C the conductivity was 1.8 × 10−6 S cm−1 for the pristine cesium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.8 × 10−4 S cm−1 for neodymium phosphate hydrate, while that of the composite containing 29 mol% neodymium phosphate and 71 mol% cesium dihydrogen phosphate was 0.4 × 10−2 S cm−1. It was proposed that the interaction between the two components establishes a dynamic hydrogen bonding network enabling efficient proton conduction long before the development of the extensive phase disordering of the superprotonic transition. The presence of thermally stable hydrate water present in neodymium phosphate may also play a role in improving both conductivity and stability of the solid acid. The electromotive force, open circuit voltage and fuel cell performance were measured as demonstration of the material application.
Mass-Spectrometric Monitoring of a PNA-Based Ligation Reaction for the Multiplex Detection of DNA Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (2001)

An abasic-site-forming ligation reaction might allow multiplex analysis of single-base mutations to be performed in homogeneous solution. The ligation strategy capitalizes upon the use of the non-ionic DNA-analogue peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) and combines the highly sequence-selective base pairing of short-length PNA with its ease and accuracy of detection by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
A nuclear localization signal targets proteins to the retrograde transport system, thereby evading uptake into organelles in aplysia axons (1997)

The turnover of soluble proteins in axons and terminals is effected by replacing used proteins with newly synthesized constituents from the cell body. To investigate this complex process, which is especially important during nerve regeneration, we microinjected proteins into varicosities on axons of Aplysia neurons in vitro. When human serum albumin (HSA) coupled to rhodamine (r) was injected, it initially filled the varicosity; within seconds, however, it began to accumulate in packets and by 15 min was punctate. A similar pattern was observed after injecting soluble proteins from extruded axoplasm. In contrast, when we injected rHSA covalently attached to the SV-40 nuclear localization sequence (sp), the distribution was never punctate and the rHSA-sp was retrogradely transported from the varicosity to the cell body and into the nucleus. Electron microscopy of varicosities injected with HSA-gold showed that >90% of the particles were inside vacuoles and multivesicular bodies. These organelles probably function as storage rather than degradatory sites since they did not contain acid phosphatase. In contrast, when HSAsp-colloidal gold was injected, only 25% of the particles were in organelles. Thus, HSA and resident axonal proteins can be removed from axoplasm by uptake into organelles. The presence of a nuclear localization sequence (the sp) may avoid uptake by providing access to the retrograde transport/nuclear import pathway.
The Effect of Hemorrhagic Shock in a Caprine Tibial Fracture Model (2002)

In this study no significant difference was found between the shock and control groups in any of the parameters measured. Transient hemorrhagic shock does not appear to adversely affect closed tibia fracture healing in a goat model.
Password managers: attacks and defenses (2014)

We study the security of popular password managers and their policies on automatically filling in Web passwords. We examine browser built-in password managers, mo-bile password managers, and 3rd party managers. We observe significant differences in autofill policies among password managers. Several autofill policies can lead to disastrous consequences where a remote network at-tacker can extract multiple passwords from the user’s password manager without any interaction with the user. We experiment with these attacks and with techniques to enhance the security of password managers. We show that our enhancements can be adopted by existing man-agers. 1
Supplementary Table 1 from Copy Number Alterations that Predict Metastatic Capability of Human Breast Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Copy Number Alterations that Predict Metastatic Capability of Human Breast Cancer
Replication Data for: Genome-based prediction of multiple wheat quality traits in multiple years (2020)

The use of genomic prediction could greatly help to increase the efficiency of selecting for wheat quality traits by reducing the cost and time required for this analysis. This study contains data used to evaluate the prediction performances of 13 wheat quality traits under two multi-trait models [Bayesian multi-trait multi-environment (BMTME) and multi-trait ridge regression (MTR)]. Separate files are provided for each year of data. An additional supplemental data file provides R code for running the analyses as well as a table describing the Average Pearson´s correlation (APC) and mean arctangent absolute percentage error (MAAPE) for the testing sets for each dataset and trait.
White Spot Syndrome Virus Induces Metabolic Changes Resembling the Warburg Effect in Shrimp Hemocytes in the Early Stage of Infection (2011)

The Warburg effect is an abnormal glycolysis response that is associated with cancer cells. Here we present evidence that metabolic changes resembling the Warburg effect are induced by a nonmammalian virus. When shrimp were infected with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), changes were induced in several metabolic pathways related to the mitochondria. At the viral genome replication stage (12 h postinfection [hpi]), glucose consumption and plasma lactate concentration were both increased in WSSV-infected shrimp, and the key enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), showed increased activity. We also found that at 12 hpi there was no alteration in the ADP/ATP ratio and that oxidative stress was lower than that in uninfected controls. All of these results are characteristic of the Warburg effect as it is present in mammals. There was also a significant decrease in triglyceride concentration starting at 12 hpi. At the late stage of the infection cycle (24 hpi), hemocytes of WSSV-infected shrimp showed several changes associated with cell death. These included the induction of mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (MMP), increased oxidative stress, decreased glucose consumption, and disrupted energy production. A previous study showed that WSSV infection led to upregulation of the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), which is known to be involved in both the Warburg effect and MMP. Here we show that double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) silencing of the VDAC reduces WSSV-induced mortality and virion copy number. For these results, we hypothesize a model depicting the metabolic changes in host cells at the early and late stages of WSSV infection.