gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurements on an industrial wireless HART network supporting PROFIsafe: A case study (2011)

Contrary to the various theoretic publications on safety-critical communication over wireless, this paper will show the actual performance of safety-critical communication in a real plant with all its environmental influences. We used PROFIsafe as a functional safety profile on top of the WirelessHART protocol. Separately these technologies are widely used in industry for safety and wireless communication respectively, but it has never been shown that the combination of them is feasible for safety-critical communication. The main focus of this work is to measure and analyze the round-trip time and the bit error rate of the safety-critical communication in order to identify whether the certification requirements of PROFIsafe holds. We will show that it is technically feasible to run safety-critical data over wireless links. However, long round trip times and high noise in the channel at certain locations in the plant are unacceptable with respect to certification and need further investigations.
Advanced oxidation technologies for chemical demilitarization (1996)

This is the final report of a one-year, Laboratory-Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The main project objective was to establish a technical basis for future program development in the area of chemical warfare agent destruction using a Los Alamos-developed advanced oxidation process: a two-stage device consisting of thermal packed-bed reactor (PBR) and a nonthermal plasma (NTP) reactor. Various compounds were evaluated as potential surrogates for chemical warfare (CW) agents. Representative effluent mass balances were projected for future comparisons with incinerators. The design and construction of lab-scale PBR/NTP reactors (consisting of a liquid injection and metering system, electric furnace, condensers, chemical traps, plasma reactors, power supplies, and chemical diagnostics) has been completed. This equipment, the experience gained from chemical-processing experiments, process modeling, and an initial demonstration of the feasibility of closed-loop operation, have provided a technical basis for further demonstrations and program development efforts.
The SIGIR 2006 workshop program (2006)

The SIGIR workshop program aims to facilitate the development of subcommunities within the greater SIGIR population, encourage the exploration of new areas and foster interaction with participants from related fields. The 2006 program achieved all these goals with a broad range of workshops that both reunited researchers from previous workshops (such as multilingual information access and exploratory search) and introduced new topics (such as personal information management and faceted search).
Inhibition of Cell Motility by Interferon (1980)

Interferon derived from human leukocytes, human fibroblasts, and mouse fibroblasts was found to inhibit the motility of cultured cells. It inhibits the tumor-induced motility of capillary endothelial cells as well as the spontaneous migration of other cell types. The ability of a given preparation of interferon to inhibit the motility of a given cell type is proportional to its antiviral activity in that particular cell type. Antiserum to human leukocyte interferon neutralizes both the motility-inhibitory activity and the antiviral activity of this preparation.
Multi‐expansion modal reduction: A pragmatic semi–a priori model order reduction approach for nonlinear structural dynamics (2019)

Summary A novel model order reduction scheme for nonlinear finite element (NL‐FE) structural dynamics models is proposed in this work, which enables an overall accelerated model evaluation. The proposed multi‐expansion modal (MEM) reduction employs a set of modal bases evaluated for a number of representative statically deformed configurations, combined with these static deformation patterns, to obtain a reduced order basis (ROB). This ROB is then exploited in an a priori element sampling to obtain a hyper‐reduced model based on the energy‐conserving sampling and weighting approach. The proposed element sampling scheme uses a nonnegative L 1 optimization of the element weights where an equality between the projected and hyper‐reduced linearized stiffness matrix or static deformation forces is added. A procedure and several guidelines on the reduced order model setup and evaluation are presented, with specific attention to how the presented approach allows to exploit existing NL‐FE frameworks. The MEM approach is validated numerically on an academic cantilever beam model and is shown to provide good accuracy and consistent convergence properties.
X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Studies on the Local Structures of Ni Impurities in a Carbon Nanotube (2005)

Abstract Local structure around Ni impurities in a carbon nanotube was studied by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). The Ni was present in the form of Ni particles before the purification process. After the purification Ni content was decreased to a few hundreds ppm. The Ni K-edge XAFS could be measured by a 19 element solid-state detector. The Ni species was strongly bound to the carbon of the carbon nanotube with a Ni–C covalent bonds at 0.173 nm.
Probing Binding‐Mode Diversity in Guanidinium–Oxoanion Host–Guest Systems (2005)

An attempt to experimentally estimate the role of binding-mode diversity (structural fuzziness) on the molecular recognition seen in the prominent guanidinium-oxoanion host-guest pair is described. The global heat response as measured by isothermal titration calorimetry in acetonitrile, which was obtained from the interaction of five different but structurally closely related guanidinium hosts with three rigid phosphinate guests of decreasing accessibility of their binding sites, is correlated to provide a trend analysis. All host-guest associations of 1:1 stoichiometry in this series are strongly enthalpy-driven. The change in complexation entropy can be related to the tightness of the mutual fit of the host-guest partners, which approaches a minimum limit and is interpreted as the unique lock-and-key binding mode. The ordinary host-guest complexation in this ensemble features substantial positive entropy changes that correlate inversely with the binding interface area. This finding excludes desolvation effects as the major cause of entropy production, and provides evidence for the existence of a broad variety of complex configurations rather than a single binding mode to represent the associated host-guest pair. This result bears on the molecular design of systems that vitally depend on structural fidelity, such as nanoassemblies or homogeneous catalysis.
Effects of Social Approval Votes on Search Performance (2009)

In this paper we develop a Social Information Retrieval model that incorporates different types of social approval votes for documents in a collection. The approvals reflect a level of endorsement by the community related to the collection and can be interpreted as trust, relevance, recommendation, and similar. They can come from perceived authorities, such as recognized experts and professional associations, or from aggregated opinions of a wider community, representing popular approval. We conducted preliminary experiments to incorporate social approval votes into search over 42,000 books by training neural networks. Using a set of 250 search topics with partial relevance judgments from non-expert users, we observe that the votes reflecting a broad appeal are most effective. We hypothesize that such sources of approval are more compatible with the general nature of the relevance judgments used in the experiments.
Versatile Chromism of Titanium Oxide Hydrate/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hybrid Systems (2012)

A hybrid material based on titanium oxide hydrates and poly(vinyl alcohol) is presented that is fully transparent even at high content of the inorganic species and which exhibits a reversible change in coloration from transparent/colorless to blue upon exposure to UV irradiation and an irreversible transition to yellow and red during annealing. Dichroic structures are produced by tensile drawing followed by annealing. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Non-covalent phosphorylcholine coating reduces protein adsorption and phagocytic uptake of microparticles (2015)

Phosphorylcholine co-polymer was assembled on model polystyrene microparticles through a simple, widely-applicable ethanol coating process. The coating rendered particles resistant to protein adsorption and phagocytosis by macrophages, making it useful for a range of biological applications.
Nonlinear monotone networks and their role in the electric power systems (2002)

A one-to-one relationship between traditional electric power system operation and its analytical characterization as a monotone network is discussed. Conditions are reviewed for the power network to be a monotone network in the region of interest. A class of present operating problems, primarily due to voltage control misoperation, is assessed from this viewpoint. Open questions are raised regarding the cost of more dynamic controls which could assure monotone network operation in the closed-loop operation for conditions when the open-loop network may not be characterizable as a nonlinear monotone network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Prospective Analysis of Body Mass Index, Physical Activity, and Colorectal Cancer Risk Associated with β-Catenin (CTNNB1) Status (2013)

Dysregulation of the WNT/β-catenin (CTNNB1) signaling pathway is implicated in colorectal carcinoma and metabolic diseases. Considering these roles and cancer prevention, we hypothesized that tumor CTNNB1 status might influence cellular sensitivity to obesity and physical activity. In clinical follow-up of 109,046 women in the Nurses' Health Study and 47,684 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, there were 861 incident rectal and colon cancers with tissue immunohistochemistry data on nuclear CTNNB1 expression. Using this molecular pathological epidemiology database, we conducted Cox proportional hazards regression analysis using data duplication method to assess differential associations of body mass index (BMI) or exercise activity with colorectal cancer risk according to tumor CTNNB1 status. Greater BMI was associated with a significantly higher risk of CTNNB1-negative cancer [multivariate HR = 1.34; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.18-1.53 for 5.0 kg/m(2) increment; Ptrend = 0.0001] but not with CTNNB1-positive cancer risk (multivariate HR = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.92-1.25 for 5.0 kg/m(2) increment; Ptrend = 0.36; Pheterogeneity = 0.027, between CTNNB1-negative and CTNNB1-positive cancer risks). Physical activity level was associated with a lower risk of CTNNB1-negative cancer (multivariate HR = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.87-1.00 for 10 MET-h/wk increment; Ptrend = 0.044) but not with CTNNB1-positive cancer risk (multivariate HR = 0.98; 95% CI, 0.91-1.05 for 10 MET-h/wk increment; Ptrend = 0.60). Our findings argue that obesity and physical inactivity are associated with a higher risk of CTNNB1-negative colorectal cancer but not with CTNNB1-positive cancer risk. Furthermore, they suggest that energy balance and metabolism status exerts its effect in a specific carcinogenesis pathway that is less likely dependent on WNT/CTNNB1 activation. Cancer Res; 73(5); 1600-10. ©2012 AACR.
Structure of the Amino-Terminal Core Domain of the HIV-1 Capsid Protein (1996)

The three-dimensional structure of the amino-terminal core domain (residues 1 through 151) of the human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) capsid protein has been solved by multidimensional heteronuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The structure is unlike those of previously characterized viral coat proteins and is composed of seven alpha helices, two beta hairpins, and an exposed partially ordered loop. The domain is shaped like an arrowhead, with the beta hairpins and loop exposed at the trailing edge and the carboxyl-terminal helix projecting from the tip. The proline residue Pro1 forms a salt bridge with a conserved, buried aspartate residue (Asp51), which suggests that the amino terminus of the protein rearranges upon proteolytic maturation. The binding site for cyclophilin A, a cellular rotamase that is packaged into the HIV-1 virion, is located on the exposed loop and encompasses the essential proline residue Pro90. In the free monomeric domain, Pro90 adopts kinetically trapped cis and trans conformations, raising the possibility that cyclophilin A catalyzes interconversion of the cis- and trans-Pro90 loop structures.
A half-century of research on tuberculosis: Successes and challenges (2023)

Great progress has been made over the past half-century, but TB remains a formidable global health problem, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Understanding the mechanisms of pathogenesis and necessary and sufficient conditions for protection are critical. The need for inexpensive and sensitive point-of-care diagnostic tests for earlier detection of infection and disease, shorter and less-toxic drug regimens for drug-sensitive and -resistant TB, and a more effective vaccine than BCG is immense. New and better tools, greater support for international research, collaborations, and training will be required to dramatically reduce the burden of this devastating disease which still kills 1.6 million people annually.
Arsenic decapping and half cycle reactions during atomic layer deposition of Al2O3 on In0.53Ga0.47As(001) (2010)

In situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was performed during thermal desorption of a protective As layer and subsequent atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Al2O3 on In0.53Ga0.47As(001). H2O dosing on the As-decapped surface caused formation of As oxides and As hydroxides, which were reduced by a subsequent trimethylaluminum (TMA) pulse. However, when a TMA pulse was performed first, the In0.53Ga0.47As(001) surface did not oxidize during subsequent ALD cycles, suggesting passivation by TMA adsorption at water-reactive sites. Scanning tunneling microscopy performed on a structurally-similar InAs(001) surface after H2O dosing revealed that surface defects are created by displacement of surface As atoms during oxidation. These surface defects act as interface states, consistent with the inferior capacitance-voltage characteristics of H2O-first ALD-Al2O3 capacitors compared to TMA-first samples.
ChemInform Abstract: AVERMECTIN AGLYCONS (1982)

Abstract Untersuchungen an Avermectin‐Aglykonen (I) und (II), die bei Fermentationsvorgängen entstehen und starke anthelmintische und insekticide Wirkung besitzen, werden beschrieben.
Composite right/left‐handed coplanar waveguide feeding array of slot antennas (2011)

Abstract In this article, a new composite right/left‐handed (CRLH) antenna is proposed. The antenna is implemented by cascading dual‐function coplanar waveguide coupled line CRLH unit cells. The proposed antenna has continuous backward to forward radiation. The scanning angle, radiated power and directivity increase as the number of cells increases. For nine cells, the scanning angle is 77°, the radiated power is 75%, the peak directivity is 4.2, and the total length is smaller than λ 0 . The circuit and EM simulations have been confirmed by measurements. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:103–107, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26483
Vapor‐liquid equilibria for NH<sub>3</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O in the 100 to 150°C region: Effect of low levels of phenol on partial pressure of ammonia (1983)

Abstract Experimental results are reported for the partial pressure of ammonia in water solutions containing low concentrations of phenol. Experiments were performed in 0.6 molal phenol at 100 and 150°C. Results at 150°C indicate that the very small effect of phenol on the partial pressure of ammonia is within the limit of experimental error, 3%, and therefore could not be established from the data. However, at 100°C, the partial pressure of ammonia was decreased by nearly 10%. Computer program TIDES—a computerized thermodynamic framework for calculating vapor‐liquid equilibria for volatile weak electrolytes and other common gases—has been revised to account for the effect of low concentrations of phenol.
Advances in the Prediction of Protein–Peptide Binding Affinities: Implications for Peptide‐Based Drug Discovery (2012)

Peptides hold great promise as novel medicinal and biologic agents, and computational methods can help unlock that promise. In particular, structure-based peptide design can be used to identify and optimize peptide ligands. Successful structure-based design, in turn, requires accurate and fast methods for predicting protein-peptide binding affinities. Here, we review the development of such methods, emphasizing structure-based methods that assume rigid-body association and the single-structure approximation. We also briefly review recent applications of computational free energy prediction methods to enable and guide novel peptide drug and biomarker discovery. We close the review with a brief perspective on the future of computational, structure-based protein-peptide binding affinity prediction.
Tradeoff Power Control for Cellular Systems (2009)

We consider distributed uplink open-loop power control for orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) cellular systems. To touch simultaneously on two main performance metrics in cellular systems, average throughput and cell-edge throughput, we focus on a metric of tradeoff performance. First we investigate two extreme cases to show that the wellknown SNR-based scheme and the INR-based scheme maximize cell-edge throughput and average throughput, respectively. Based on these two extremes, we propose a new power control scheme that trades off well both metrics. The idea is to combine the optimum power of two extremes in a linear fashion. System-level simulations show that the proposed scheme has better tradeoff performance as compared to two schemes: (1) a trivial timesharing scheme (where a tradeoff curve shows the straight line that connects two extreme points); (2) another alternative (that combines the optimum power of two extremes in an exponential way).
Frizzled 2 and frizzled 7 function redundantly in convergent extension and closure of the ventricular septum and palate: evidence for a network of interacting genes (2012)

Frizzled (Fz) 2 and Fz7, together with Fz1, form a distinct subfamily within the Frizzled family of Wnt receptors. Using targeted gene deletion, we show that: Fz7(-/-) mice exhibit tail truncation and kinking with 100% penetrance and ventricular septal defects (VSDs) with ~15% penetrance; Fz2(+/-);Fz7(-/-) mice exhibit VSDs with ~50% penetrance and cleft palate with less than 10% penetrance; and Fz2(-/-);Fz7(-/-) mice exhibit convergent extension defects and mid-gestational lethality with 100% penetrance. When Fz2 and/or Fz7 mutations are combined with mutations in Vangl2, Dvl3, Wnt3a, Wnt5a or Wnt11, an increased frequency of VSDs is observed with Dvl3, Wnt3a and Wnt11; an increased frequency of palate closure defects is observed with Vangl2; and early lethality and enhanced tail shortening are observed with Wnt5a. To assess the signaling pathways that underlie these and other Frizzled-mediated genetic interactions, we used transfected mammalian cells to analyze (1) canonical Wnt signaling induced by all pairwise combinations of the ten mouse Frizzleds and the 19 mouse Wnts and (2) localization of each Frizzled at cell-cell junctional complexes formed by mouse Celsr1, a likely indicator of competence for planar cell polarity signaling. These in vitro experiments indicate that Fz2 and Fz7 are competent to signal via the canonical pathway. Taken together, the data suggest that genetic interactions between Fz2, Fz7 and Vangl2, Dvl3 and Wnt genes reflect interactions among different signaling pathways in developmental processes that are highly sensitive to perturbations in Frizzled signaling.
FSNet: Compression of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks by Filter Summary (2019)

We present a novel method of compression of deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) by weight sharing through a new representation of convolutional filters. The proposed method reduces the number of parameters of each convolutional layer by learning a 1D vector termed Filter Summary (FS). The convolutional filters are located in FS as overlapping 1D segments, and nearby filters in FS share weights in their overlapping regions in a natural way. The resultant neural network based on such weight sharing scheme, termed Filter Summary CNNs or FSNet, has a FS in each convolution layer instead of a set of independent filters in the conventional convolution layer. FSNet has the same architecture as that of the baseline CNN to be compressed, and each convolution layer of FSNet has the same number of filters from FS as that of the basline CNN in the forward process. With compelling computational acceleration ratio, the parameter space of FSNet is much smaller than that of the baseline CNN. In addition, FSNet is quantization friendly. FSNet with weight quantization leads to even higher compression ratio without noticeable performance loss. We further propose Differentiable FSNet where the way filters share weights is learned in a differentiable and end-to-end manner. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of FSNet in compression of CNNs for computer vision tasks including image classification and object detection, and the effectiveness of DFSNet is evidenced by the task of Neural Architecture Search.
Design of a prototype primary mirror segment positioning actuator for the Thirty Meter Telescope (2006)

The Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) is a collaborative project between the California Institute of Technology (CIT), the University of California (UC), the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), and the Association of Canadian Universities for Research in Astronomy (ACURA). In order for the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) to achieve the required optical performance, each of its 738 primary mirror segments must be positioned relative to adjacent segments with nanometer-level accuracy. Three in plane degrees of freedom are controlled via a passive Segment Support Assembly which is described in another paper presented at this conference (paper 6273-45). The remaining three out of plane degrees of freedom, tip, tilt, and piston, are controlled via three actuators for each segment. Because of its size and the shear number of actuators, TMT will require an actuator design, departing from that used on the Keck telescopes, its successful predecessor. Sensitivity to wind loads and structural vibrations, the large dynamic range, low operating power, and extremely reliable operation, all achieved at an affordable unit cost, are the most demanding design requirements. This paper describes a concept that successfully meets the TMT requirements, along with analysis and performance predictions. The actuator concept is based on a prototype actuator developed for the California Extremely Large Telescope (CELT) project. It relies on techniques that achieve the required accuracy while providing a substantial amount of vibration attenuation and damping. A development plan consisting of a series of prototype actuators is envisioned to verify cost, reliability, and performance before mass production is initiated. The first prototype (P<sub>1</sub>) of this development plan is now being built and should complete initial testing by the end of 2<sup>nd</sup> QTR 06.