gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Rubbing on the Structural and Tensile Properties of Woollen Slubbings (1995)

Woollen slubbings are the product of the woollen carding machine and are formed by a rubbing action after the carded web has been split into narrow ribbons of fibre in the condenser section of the machine. The individual effects of different rubbing settings on the strength of the slubbing are investigated, and the importance of the apron spacing between the two rubbing surfaces is highlighted. It is also indicated that higher slubbing strength is associated with increased yarn strength. Two novel methods of measuring the fibre orientation in the woollen slubbing are outlined, and it is shown that the fibre orientation in the woollen slubbing improves with increases in the rubbing frequency, stroke length and decreases in the apron spacing.
Selection of human induced pluripotent stem cells lines optimization of cardiomyocytes differentiation in an integrated suspension microcarrier bioreactor (2020)

A streamlined and controllable platform for large quantity manufacturing of pure functional atrial, ventricular and nodal cardiomyocytes on MCs in conventional-type stirred tank bioreactors was established, which can be further scaled up and translated to a good manufacturing practice-compliant production process, to fulfill the quantity requirements of the cellular therapeutic industry.
Phase Constitution and Heat Treatment Behavior of Titanium-Manganese Alloys (2010)

Although titanium is considered to be a ubiquitous element since it has the tenth highest Clarke number of all elements, it is classified as a rare metal because the current refinement process is more environmentally damaging than the processes used to refine iron and aluminum. Furthermore, the beta stabilizing elements of titanium alloys (e.g., V, Mo, Nb, and Ta) are very expensive due to their low crustal abundances. Manganese is also considered to be a ubiquitous element, since it has the 12th highest Clarke number of all elements. Therefore, manganese is a promising alloying element for titanium, especially as a beta-stabilizer. In order to develop beta titanium alloys as ubiquitous metallic materials, it is very important to investigate the properties of Ti-Mn alloys. In this study, the phase constitution of and the effect of heat treatment on Ti-3.3 to 8.7 mass% Mn alloys were investigated by electrical resistivity and Vickers hardness (HV) measurements and by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and optical microscopy. In 3.3, 5.1, and 6.0 mass% Mn alloys quenched from 1173 K, ’ martensite and  phase were identified by XRD, whereas in the 8.7 mass% alloy, only the  phase was detected. The resistivities at both temperatures increased with increasing Mn content up to 6.0 mass% Mn and the positive temperature dependence of resistivity became negative at 6.0 mass% Mn. LN increased gradually with increasing Mn content up to 8.7 mass% Mn, whereasRT decreased considerably at a Mn content of 8.7 mass% Mn. HV increased with increasing Mn content up to 5.1 mass%, after which it began to decrease. In Ti-3.3 mass%Mn and 5.1 mass%Mn alloys, the resistivity and the resistivity ratio decreased with increasing temperature of isochronal heat treatment because of decomposition of ’ martensite. In 6.0Mn and 8.7Mn alloys, the resistivity and the resistivity ratio decreased, while Vickers hardness increased with increasing temperature of isochronal heat treatment because of isothermal  precipitation. Furthermore, the temperature for the onset of precipitation increased with higher Mn content.
Dual contactless conductivity and amperometric detection on hybrid PDMS/glass electrophoresis microchips (2009)

A new approach for the integration of dual contactless conductivity and amperometric detection with an electrophoresis microchip system is presented. The PDMS layer with the embedded channels was reversibly sealed to a thin glass substrate (400 microm), on top of which a palladium electrode had been previously fabricated enabling end-channel amperometric detection. The thin glass substrate served also as a physical wall between the separation channel and the sensing copper electrodes for contactless conductivity detection. The latter were not integrated in the microfluidic device, but fabricated on an independent plastic substrate allowing a simpler and more cost-effective fabrication of the chip. PDMS/glass chips with merely contactless conductivity detection were first characterized in terms of sensitivity, efficiency and reproducibility. The separation efficiency of this system was found to be similar or slightly superior to other systems reported in the literature. The simultaneous determination of ionic and electroactive species was illustrated by the separation of peroxynitrite degradation products, i.e. NO(3)(-) (non-electroactive) and NO(2)(-) (electroactive), using hybrid PDMS/glass chips with dual contactless conductivity and amperometric detection. While both ions were detected by contactless conductivity detection with good efficiency, NO(2)(-) was also simultaneously detected amperometrically with a significant enhancement in sensitivity compared to contactless conductivity detection.
Ipilimumab-induced acute severe colitis treated by infliximab (2013)

Ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4 antibody) is a new tool for the treatment of metastatic melanoma patients that has led to an improvement in survival rates worldwide. New types of toxicities have been described with ipilimumab called 'immune-related adverse events' or irAEs. Here, we report an acute and steroid resistant case of ipilimumab-induced colitis treated with infliximab in a melanoma stage IV AJCC patient. The patient presented with acute grade 3 diarrhea after the second perfusion of ipilimumab. After the administration of intravenous steroids, the patient continued to have grade 2 diarrhea with erythematous mucous with several ulceration sites on rectosigmoidoscopy. Infliximab perfusion (5 mg/kg) was performed and resulted in resolution of symptoms within 2 days with complete healing was observed by rectal sigmoidoscopy on day 7. After failure of two further lines of chemotherapy, the patient died 10 months after the diagnosis of stage IVM1C melanoma. Treatment algorithms exist for the management of these digestive adverse events; however, some points remain unclear. No predictive marker for the occurrence of this digestive toxicity has been validated to date. Modes of administration of steroids and dosage are not clearly defined, except in cases of acute abdomen; surgery is difficult to propose for patients with a poor prognosis. Infliximab is another option for the treatment of steroid-resistant ipilimumab-induced colitis but its use in metastatic melanoma raises questions of its possible impact on the evolution of cancer. We reviewed at least 19 cases published of infliximab administration for ipilimumab-mediated colitis. Unfortunately, tolerance and cancer evolution have scarcely been reported. Thus, because more patients are being treated with CTLA-4 blockade, management of ipilimumab-induced colitis requires further studies.
Tart Cherry Increases Lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans by Altering Metabolic Signaling Pathways (2020)

Aging and healthspan are determined by both environmental and genetic factors. The insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) pathway is a key mediator of aging in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> and mammals. Specifically, DAF-2 signaling, an ortholog of human IGF, controls DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor, a master regulator of metabolism and longevity. Moreover, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are both linked to aging. We propose that daily supplementation of tart cherry extract (TCE), rich in anthocyanins with antioxidant properties may exert dual benefits for mitochondrial function and oxidative stress, resulting in beneficial effects on aging in <i>C. elegans</i>. We found that TCE supplementation at 6 μg or 12 μg/mL, increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) the mean lifespan of wild type N2 worms, respectively, when compared to untreated control worms. Consistent with these findings, TCE upregulated (<i>p</i> < 0.05) expression of longevity-related genes such as <i>daf-16</i> and <i>aak-2</i> (but not <i>daf-2</i> or <i>akt-1</i> genes) and genes related to oxidative stress such as <i>sod-2</i>. Further, we showed that TCE supplementation increased spare respiration in N2 worms. However, TCE did not change the mean lifespan of <i>daf-16</i> and <i>aak-2</i> mutant worms. In conclusion, our findings indicate that TCE confers healthspan benefits in <i>C. elegans</i> through enhanced mitochondrial function and reduced oxidative stress, mainly via the DAF-16 pathway.
Deja vu from the SVM Era: Example-based Explanations with Outlier Detection. (2020)

Understanding the features that contributed to a prediction is important for high-stake tasks. In this work, we revisit the idea of a student network to provide an example-based explanation for its prediction in two forms: i) identify top-k most relevant prototype examples and ii) show evidence of similarity between the prediction sample and each of the top-k prototypes. We compare the prediction performance and the explanation performance for the second type of explanation with the teacher network. In addition, we evaluate the outlier detection performance of the network. We show that using prototype-based students beyond similarity kernels deliver meaningful explanations and promising outlier detection results, without compromising on classification accuracy.
Rotation of a submerged finite cylinder moving down a soft incline (2020)

A submerged finite cylinder moving under its own weight along a soft incline lifts off and slides at a steady velocity while also spinning. Here, we experimentally quantify the steady spinning of the cylinder and show theoretically that it is due to a combination of an elastohydrodynamic torque generated by flow in the variable gap, and the viscous friction on the edges of the finite-length cylinder. The relative influence of the latter depends on the aspect ratio of the cylinder, the angle of the incline, and the deformability of the substrate, which we express in terms of a single scaled compliance parameter. By independently varying these quantities, we show that our experimental results are consistent with a transition from an edge-effect dominated regime for short cylinders to a gap-dominated elastohydrodynamic regime when the cylinder is very long.
Limitations of arterial partial pressure of oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio for the evaluation of donor lung function (2022)

Adopting PaO<sub>2</sub> /FiO<sub>2</sub> to evaluate graft suitability for transplantation should account for extrapulmonary factors affecting its interpretation.
Studies on the Reactivity of Amino‐1‐(6‐phenyl‐pyridazin‐3‐yl)‐1<i>H</i>‐pyrazole‐4‐carboxylic Acid Hydrazide Towards Some Reagents for Biological Evaluation (2013)

Novel 5‐amino‐1‐(6‐phenyl‐pyridazin‐3‐yl)‐1 H ‐pyrazole‐4‐carboxylic acid ethyl ester ( 2 ) was formed using (6‐phenyl‐pyridazin‐3‐yl)‐hydrazine ( 1 ) and ethyl(ethoxymethylene)cyanoacetate. The β‐enaminoester derivative 2 was in turn used as precursor for the preparation of 1‐(6‐phenyl‐pyridazin‐3‐yl)‐pyrazoles ( 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 15 , 16 ), 1‐(6‐phenyl‐pyridazin‐3‐yl)‐pyrazolo[3,4‐ d ]pyrimidines ( 5 , 6 , 14 ) and 1‐(6‐phenyl‐pyridazin‐3‐yl)‐pyrazolo[3,4‐ d ][1,2,3]triazine ( 13 ). The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated by measuring the inhibition zone diameters where some of them showed potent antimicrobial activity in compared with well‐known drugs (standards).
A Longitudinal and Cross-Dataset Study of Internet Latency and Path Stability (2014)

We present a retrospective and longitudinal study of Internet latency and path stability using three large-scale traceroute datasets collected over several years: Ark and iPlane from 2008 to 2013 and a proprietary CDN’s traceroute dataset spanning 2012 and 2013. Using these different “lenses”, we revisit classical properties of Internet paths such as end-toend latency, stability, and of routing graph structure. Iterative data analysis at this scale is challenging given the idiosyncrasies of different collection tools, measurement noise, and the diverse analysis we desire. To this end, we leverage recent big-data techniques to develop a scalable data analysis toolkit, Hummus, that enables rapid and iterative analysis on large traceroute measurement datasets. Our key findings are: (1) overall latency seems to be decreasing; (2) some geographical regions still have poor latency; (3) route stability (prevalence and persistence) is increasing; and (4) we observe a mixture of effects in the routing graph structure with high-degree ASes rapidly increasing in degree and lowerdegree ASes forming denser “communities”.
Remelting of scrap containing tungsten and nickel in the electric arc furnace (1994)

Remelting of the metallic scrap containing tungsten and nickel and thermodynamic properties of slag containing tungsten oxide are discussed. Tungsten and nickel in the metallic scrap have to be separated before the scrap may be used for melting of some steels (for example, high speed steel). To separate tungsten and nickel, such scrap (waste drills) was remelted in the 25 t electric arc furnace under oxidizing conditions. Tungsten was oxidised and transferred to the slag phase, while nickel remained in the metal. Further, the slag containing tungsten oxide was used in the melting of high speed steel. Metal containing nickel was utilized in the constructional steel production. Technology of the scrap remelting was developed on the basis of thermodynamic analysis of slag containing tungsten oxide and tungsten slag‐metal partition. It was found that the coefficient of tungsten distribution between iron and basic CaO‐SiO 2 ‐Fe t O‐WO 3 slag increases with increasing slag basicity. In the industrial oxidising heats a slag of high basicity was used, it secured 94% tungsten extraction from scrap to the slag.
Influence of application parameters on stability of Pyromark® 2500 receiver coatings (2019)

Pyromark® 2500, manufactured by Tempil, is currently the industry standard for high solar absorptive receiver coatings for concentrating solar power towers. However, Pyromark has been reported to degrade if not applied properly or exposed to temperatures exceeding 700 °C over a period of time. However, it is not apparent if such degradation is due to a particular aspect or aspects of the deposition process, which may vary from plant to plant. Many variables factor in to the performance of Pyromark, e.g. deposition method, drying time, curing parameters (ramp rate, homogeneous heating, time at temperature…), and coating thickness. Identifying the factors with the most influence on coating performance and durability will help guide the application of Pyromark to receivers to minimize degradation over time. The relationships between coating quality and optical properties with deposition/curing parameters on Haynes 230 substrates were assessed using statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) techniques for repeated measures. These ANOVA techniques were designed to detect differences in treatment effects on the response at each of the aging cycles. The analyses found that coating thickness, curing ramp rate, and dwell time had the most effect on coating quality.
Supramolecular Helical Architectures Dictated by Folded and Extended Conformations of the Amino Acid in Ternary Cu<sup>II</sup>/Diamine/Racemic Amino Acid Complexes (2007)

Abstract The ternary Cu II complexes [Cu( D , L ‐phe)(bpy)]·(ClO 4 ) ( 1 ), [Cu( D , L ‐phe)(phen)(H 2 O)] · ClO 4 · H 2 O ( 2 ), and [Cu( L ‐phe)(bpy)(H 2 O)] · ClO 4 · H 2 O ( 3 ) (bpy = 2,2′‐bipyridine, phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline) adopt helical structures in the crystal state, as determined by an X‐ray structural analysis. The supramolecular helical assembly of these complexes was also investigated by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography. The complexes derived from racemic amino acids ( 1 and 2 ) undergo spontaneous resolution in the solid state to form separate helical chains of the ternary complex that carry a single enantiomer of the amino acid. In the case of complex 1 , the two helical chains resulting from the L ‐ and D ‐phe complexes bear opposite chirality, which means that the bulk crystalline sample is racemic. In contrast, the two helical chains generated by L ‐ and D ‐phe complexes in 2 have the same twist and pack together in a right‐handed assembly. The ( P )/( M ) handedness of the helical chains is dictated by the conformational chirality (λ/δ) of the chelate rings of the D / L ‐aminoacids.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Table S1 from Radiation with STAT3 Blockade Triggers Dendritic Cell–T cell Interactions in the Glioma Microenvironment and Therapeutic Efficacy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S1 shows KINOMEscan profiling of WP1066.&lt;/p&gt;
Development of a simplified dual-pump dual-broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering system (2008)

A dual-pump dual-broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) setup for simultaneous pure rotational and vibrational CARS is further developed by reducing the experimental efforts due to the use of only one detection system. With this system dual-pump CARS for probing ro-vibrational transitions of N(2)/CO/H(2) and dual-broadband CARS for pure rotational transitions of N(2)/O(2)/CO/CO(2) are applicable simultaneously. In this work the improvements to the setup and the data evaluation are described. First simultaneous temperature and concentration results from cell measurements and from a partially premixed propane flame are presented. Interference effects due to smeared vibrational CARS are investigated. It is shown that with similar experimental effort to a conventional dual-pump CARS setup considerably more information can be gained.
Using Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction for phase determination in ferroelectric mixed Hf1−xZrxO2-based layers (2022)

The discovery of ferroelectric properties in the doped HfO2 and mixed Hf1−xZrxO2 systems made precise phase determination very important. However, due to the similarities of the diffraction peaks between the tetragonal and the orthorhombic phases, the discrimination of these two critical phases by x-ray diffraction remains challenging. This work introduces Raman spectroscopy as a structural characterization method to unambiguously identify phases by comparing experimental data with density functional simulation results for the mixed hafnia–zirconia system in the complete composition range. Raman modes for the non-polar monoclinic and tetragonal phases are presented in comparison to those of the polar orthorhombic phase. Changes in phonon mode frequencies in the hafnia–zirconia system with Hf/Zr composition are related to the appearance of ferroelectric properties.
HUPO Brain Proteome Project Pilot Studies: Bioinformatics at Work (2005)

The data acquisition phase of initial pilot studies (human and mouse brain samples) of the Human Proteome Organisation (HUPO) Brain Proteome Project (BPP) is now complete and the data generated by the participating laboratories has been submitted to the central Data Collection Center. The BPP Bioinformatics Group met on 8th April 2005 at the European Bioinformatics Institute (Hinxton, UK) to discuss strategies for the reanalysis of the pooled data from all the participating laboratories. A summary of the results of the data reprocessing will be presented at the 4th HUPO World Congress that will be held in August/September 2005.
Chloride diffusion tests as experimental basis for full probabilistic service life prediction and life-cycle assessment of concrete with fly ash in a submerged marine environment (2012)

Today, a correct quantification of the reduced greenhouse gas emissions associated with partial replacement of cement by fly ash (FA), is still lacking. Too often, this environmental benefit is simply equaled with the FA percentage in concrete, an estimation in violation with two basic rules in life cycle assessment: (i) Environmental impacts should be calculated for durability and strength related functional units (FU), (ii) justified impacts of coal fired electricity production should be allocated to its industrial by-product FA. Therefore, a centrically loaded column with a 100 years service life in a submerged marine environment, was adopted as FU with economic allocation of the FA impact. The number of column replacements within 100 years due to corrosion was estimated from probabilistic service life prediction based on chloride diffusion tests. Global warming potentials for concrete with 15-50% FA were at least 45-48 % less than for traditional concrete.
XML Stream Query Processing (2010)

Stream applications bring the challenge of efficiently processing queries on sequentially accessible XML data streams. In this chapter, the authors study the current techniques and open challenges of XML stream processing. Firstly, they examine the input data semantics in XML streams and introduce the state-of-the-art of XML stream processing. Secondly, they compare and contrast the automatonbased and algebra-based techniques used in XML stream query execution. Thirdly, they study different optimization strategies that have been investigated for XML stream processing – in particular, they discuss cost-based optimization as well as schema-based optimization strategies. Lastly but not least, the authors list several key open challenges in XML stream processing.
Tetraethylammonium Dodecarbonyl‐Tricobaltferrate (1 ‐) and (Triphenylphosphine)‐Gold(1 +) Dodecarbonyltricobaltferrate(1–) (1990)

This chapter contains sections titled: Et4N[FeCo2(CO)12] . Ph3 PAuFeCo3(CO)12.
The value of a pleural fellowship post (2021)

<b>Introduction:</b> Pleural disease requires additional training for procedural competencies and research. We have a well-established pleural service. After a business case application, we have offered a yearly pleural fellowship (PF) through open applications, funded from respiratory and acute medicine budgets in our NHS Foundation Trust. There have been four fellows in 5 years; one has continued their fellowship post since the first Covid-19 outbreak in the UK. <b>Methods:</b> A quantitative review of the PF using an electronic questionnaire was done. Descriptive statistical methodology was applied and thematic analysis evaluated free-text responses. <b>Results:</b> Response rate was 100%. Mean time in PF was 12.5 months (range 9-17). Two were appointed before respiratory speciality training, one during and one after. Competency and autonomy at advanced pleural procedures was achieved by all. 31 scientific abstracts/publications were achieved {mean 6 (range 1-24)}. New services developed were ambulatory pneumothorax and day-case medical thoracoscopy. Three developed similar services elsewhere and one is a service lead. Common themes in the free text were service and procedural skills development and research opportunities. All delivered regional thoracic ultrasound and pleural teaching. Average number of procedures per fellow, per year is 82.6. <b>Conclusions:</b> PF provides trainees with a valuable opportunity to develop their clinical and academic competencies, irrespective of level of training. A PF post is beneficial for an NHS foundation trust and associated with cost-saving through service development of day case procedures in line with the NHS Best Practice Tariffs and the fellows performing many procedures which would otherwise consume consultant time.