gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiotherapy and Hodgkin's Lymphoma (2005)

Clinical Oncology regarding the National Cancer Institute of Canada (NCI-C) trial. 1,2 In this trial, patients with stage I to IIA Hodgkin's lymphoma were randomly assigned to doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) alone or subtotal nodal radiation.Patients with unfavorable risk disease in the radiotherapy arm also received ABVD.While there was no difference in overall or event-free survival between the two arms, freedom from disease progression was significantly higher in the radiotherapy arm, compared to the chemotherapy alone arm (93% v 87%, P ϭ .006).The NCI-C trial has been the only trial designed to compare survival in adult patients treated with ABVD alone and those treated with radiotherapy, with or without ABVD.However, other recent studies have also investigated the role of radiotherapy in early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma.As noted in the editorial, a randomized trial from India showed that in patients achieving a complete remission after 6 cycles of ABVD, the addition of radiotherapy significantly improved the 8-year event-free survival (88% v 76%, P ϭ .01)and overall survival (100% v 89%, P ϭ .002). 3 The findings of this trial may not necessarily be applicable to all early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma patients, since a large number of patients in this trial were under age 15, had stage III-IV lymphoma, or had mixed cellularity histology.The results from the recently presented European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer GELA H9-F trial may be more pertinent. 4 In the H9-F trial, patients with favorable, early stage Hodgkin's lymphoma with a complete remission after six cycles of epirubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and prednisone were randomly assigned to one of three arms: no radiotherapy, 20 Gy involved field, or 36 Gy involved field radiotherapy.The no radiotherapy arm of the trial had to be closed early since predefined stopping rules were met.The 4-year event-free survival was significantly lower in the no-radiotherapy arm (70%), compared to the 20 Gy (84%) and 36 Gy (87%) arms (P Ͻ .001).Of note, the epirubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and prednisone regimen in this trial may be associated with a higher rate of relapse than ABVD.A randomized trial from Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center failed to find any significant difference in overall survival or freedom from progression in patients treated with ABVD alone or ABVD followed
Fish tale. (2002)

The draft sequence of the genome of the Japanese pufferfish has just been announced and the temptation to humor is great.
Bicarbonate and Chloride Secretion in Calu-3 Human Airway (1999)

Serous cells are the predominant site of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator ex- pression in the airways, and they make a significant contribution to the volume, composition, and consistency of the submucosal gland secretions. We have employed the human airway serous cell line Calu-3 as a model system to investigate the mechanisms of serous cell anion secretion. Forskolin-stimulated Calu-3 cells secrete by a Cl 2 -independent, serosal Na 1 -dependent, serosal bumetanide-insensitive, and serosal 4,4 9 -dinitrostilben-2,2 9 -disul- fonic acid (DNDS)-sensitive, electrogenic mechanism as judged by transepithelial currents, isotopic fluxes, and the results of ion substitution, pharmacology, and pH studies. Similar studies revealed that stimulation of Calu-3 cells with 1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone (1-EBIO), an activator of basolateral membrane Ca 2 1 -activated K 1 channels, re- duced secretion and caused the secretion of Cl 2 by a bumetanide-sensitive, electrogenic mechanism. Nysta- tin permeabilization of Calu-3 monolayers demonstrated 1-EBIO activated a charybdotoxin- and clotrimazole- inhibited basolateral membrane K 1 current. Patch-clamp studies confirmed the presence of an intermediate con- ductance inwardly rectified K 1 channel with this pharmacological profile. We propose that hyperpolarization of the basolateral membrane voltage elicits a switch from secretion to Cl 2 secretion because the uptake of across the basolateral membrane is mediated by a 4,4 9 -dinitrostilben-2,2 9 -disulfonic acid (DNDS)-sensitive Na 1 : cotransporter. Since the stoichiometry reported for Na 1 : cotransport is 1:2 or 1:3, hyperpolar- ization of the basolateral membrane potential by 1-EBIO would inhibit entry and favor the secretion of Cl 2 . Therefore, differential regulation of the basolateral membrane K 1 conductance by secretory agonists could provide a means of stimulating and Cl 2 secretion. In this context, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conduc- tance regulator could serve as both a and a Cl 2 channel, mediating the apical membrane exit of either an- ion depending on basolateral membrane anion entry mechanisms and the driving forces that prevail. If these re- sults with Calu-3 cells accurately reflect the transport properties of native submucosal gland serous cells, then secretion in the human airways warrants greater attention.
Metamerism in multispectral imaging of histopathology specimens (2010)

A multispectral camera is capable of imaging a histologic slide at narrow bandwidths over the range of the visible spectrum. There is currently no clear consensus over the circumstances in which this added spectral data may improve computer-aided interpretation and diagnosis of imaged pathology specimens [1, 2, 3]. Two spectra which are perceived as the same color are called metamers, and the collection of all such spectra are referred to as the metamer set. Highly metameric colors are amenable to separation through multispectral imaging (MSI).Using the transformation between the spectrum and its perceived color, our work addresses the question of when MSI reveals information not represented by a standard RGB color image. An analytical estimate on the size of the metamer set is derived for the case of independent spectral absorption. It is shown that colors which are closest to the white point on the chromaticity diagram are highly metameric. A numerical method to estimate the metamer set in a domain-specific manner is provided. The method is demonstrated on multispectral data sets of imaged peripheral blood smears and breast tissue microarrays. An a priori estimate on the degree of metamerism from a standard color image is presented.
Extracorporeal Life Support Organization 1994 (1994)

The annual report of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization is presented for 1994. The aggregate experience of neonatal, pediatric pulmonary, and neonatal/pediatric cardiac patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is presented for data collected to April 1994. In addition, the Registry now includes a large number of adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cases. Rates of survival for each patient group remained unchanged from previous years with 81% neonatal, 50% pediatric, and 44% cardiac survival. Complete data are available through 1992, with increasing case numbers each year as a basis for this growing registry.
α‐Hydroxylation of Carbonyls Using Iodine. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expressed in human leptomeninges. (1996)

Here we report on the presence of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in human leptomeninges from 35 normal subjects with ages ranging from 57 to 94 years. Strong immunoreactivity with PC10 (a monoclonal antibody to PCNA) was detected in the nuclei of meningothelial cells, smooth muscle cells of leptomeningeal vessels, and ependymal cells. An immunoblot of leptomeningeal homogenate with PC10 showed the presence of a single band at 35 KD, the expected molecular mass of PCNA. Ki-67, another marker for cell proliferation, was undetectable in human leptomeninges. These observations point to isolated PCNA expression in tissue in which cells are not actively proliferating.
How blocking distractions affects workplace focus and productivity (2017)

Information workers are faced with ever-increasing online distractions in the workplace. Website blockers are one solution toward preventing unwanted distractions. We conducted an in situ field study with 32 information workers in their workplace to test if the use of blocking software can increase focus and productivity by preventing non-work-related distractions. Participants worked for five days in a baseline condition and then worked five days where online distractions were blocked with software. We discovered that with blocking software, participants assessed their productivity significantly higher and could focus significantly longer. People who benefited the most from the software were those who were most distracted by social media. Interviews revealed individual differences in self-control in managing distractions. Resultant changes in work behaviors included switching from online distractions to physical breaks of leaving the office. An unexpected consequence of cutting off distractions for people with less self-control was that they were more focused and worked longer without taking breaks and therefore, experienced higher stress. We present design recommendations to promote focus for the variety of coping behaviors we observed.
The CTTC 5G End-to-End Experimental Platform : Integrating Heterogeneous Wireless/Optical Networks, Distributed Cloud, and IoT Devices (2016)

The Internet of Things (IoT) will facilitate a wide variety of applications in different domains, such as smart cities, smart grids, industrial automation (Industry 4.0), smart driving, assistance of the elderly, and home automation. Billions of heterogeneous smart devices with different application requirements will be connected to the networks and will generate huge aggregated volumes of data that will be processed in distributed cloud infrastructures. On the other hand, there is also a general trend to deploy functions as software (SW) instances in cloud infrastructures [e.g., network function virtualization (NFV) or mobile edge computing (MEC)]. Thus, the next generation of mobile networks, the fifth-generation (5G), will need not only to develop new radio interfaces or waveforms to cope with the expected traffic growth but also to integrate heterogeneous networks from end to end (E2E) with distributed cloud resources to deliver E2E IoT and mobile services. This article presents the E2E 5G platform that is being developed by the Centre Tecnol?gic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC), the first known platform capable of reproducing such an ambitious scenario.
Mixed Oxide-ion and Electrical Conductive Perovskite Type Oxide for High Temperature Reduction of CO2. (2000)

Using a good mixed oxide ion and electrical conductor makes it possible to reduce CO2 to CO even by the unelectrical methods. The La(Sr)CrO3-based perovskite oxide was chosen as the mixed conductor because these oxides are stable under a reduced condition. In order to increase the oxide ion conductivity, Ga was doped for Cr site synthesizing La1-xSrxCr1-y(Ga1-zMgz)yO3-δ La1-xSrxCr1-y(Ga1-zMgz)yO3-δexhibit high electronic and oxide ionic conductivity, thermal stability and stability in the wide oxygen partial pressure. Oxygen permeation rate was increased with temperature and increasing Ga rate.
Skeleton of <i>Euplectella</i> sp.: Structural Hierarchy from the Nanoscale to the Macroscale (2005)

Structural materials in nature exhibit remarkable designs with building blocks, often hierarchically arranged from the nanometer to the macroscopic length scales. We report on the structural properties of biosilica observed in the hexactinellid sponge Euplectella sp. Consolidated, nanometer-scaled silica spheres are arranged in well-defined microscopic concentric rings glued together by organic matrix to form laminated spicules. The assembly of these spicules into bundles, effected by the laminated silica-based cement, results in the formation of a macroscopic cylindrical square-lattice cagelike structure reinforced by diagonal ridges. The ensuing design overcomes the brittleness of its constituent material, glass, and shows outstanding mechanical rigidity and stability. The mechanical benefits of each of seven identified hierarchical levels and their comparison with common mechanical engineering strategies are discussed.
<i>p</i>H-dependent x-ray absorption spectra of aqueous boron oxides (2011)

Near edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra at the boron K-edge were measured for aqueous boric acid, borate, and polyborate ions, using liquid microjet technology, and compared with simulated spectra calculated from first principles density functional theory in the excited electron and core hole (XCH) approximation. Thermal motion in both hydrated and isolated molecules was incorporated into the calculations by sampling trajectories from quantum mechanics∕molecular mechanics simulations at the experimental temperature. The boron oxide molecules exhibit little spectral change upon hydration, relative to mineral samples. Simulations reveal that water is arranged nearly isotropically around boric acid and sodium borate, but the calculations also indicate that the boron K-edge NEXAFS spectra are insensitive to hydrogen bonding, molecular environment, or salt interactions.
Diarrhea Duration and Performance Outcomes of Pre-Weaned Dairy Calves Supplemented with Bacteriophage (2021)

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate lytic bacteriophage supplementation in pre-weaned dairy calves over neonatal calf diarrhea and respiratory diseases occurrence, performance and biochemical parameters. Also, to determine bacterial agents causing NCD. Two hundred Holstein×Gyr crossbred female calves were divided into two groups: Control (CON, n = 100), no supplementation; and Bacteriophage (PHAGE, n = 100) bacteriophage supplementation (1 g/day) from d 3 until d 70 of life. Calves were monitored daily for respiratory disease and diarrhea, as for age at the first diarrheic episode and its duration. Fecal samples were cultured for isolation of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. colonies and PCR was performed to identify E. coli virulence genes and to confirm Salmonella spp. Performance outcomes were evaluated up to 80 d of age. Blood samples were collected to determine serum levels of total proteins, albumin, cholesterol, γ-glutamyl transferase and urea. PHAGE group had fewer days in diarrhea and duration of the first episode was lower, compared to CON group. Fecal samples of three animals in PHAGE and nine in CON were positive for E. coli in PCR. Thoracic perimeter tended to be higher in supplemented animals. Average daily gain mean of PHAGE was higher in the first 30 d of life, at the beginning of step-down weaning (up to 42 d) and after weaning (up to 80 d). PHAGE mean was lower for albumin and higher for urea. Therefore, phage therapy during the pre-weaned period reduced the duration of neonatal diarrhea, providing greater weight gain for calves.
Patchy Particle Packing under Electric Fields (2015)

Colloidal particles equipped with two, three, or four negatively charged patches, which endow the particles with 2-fold, 3-fold, or tetrahedral symmetries, form 1D chains, 2D layers, and 3D packings when polarized by an AC electric field. Two-patch particles, with two patches on opposite sides of the particle (2-fold symmetry) pack into the cmm plane group and 3D packings with I4mm space group symmetry, in contrast to uncharged spherical or ellipsoidal colloids that typically crystallize into a face-centered ABC layer packing. Three-patch particles (3-fold symmetry) form chains having a 21 screw axis symmetry, but these chains pair in a manner such that each individual chain has one-fold symmetry but the pair has 21 screw axis symmetry, in an arrangement that aligns the patches that would favor Coulombic interactions along the chain. Surprisingly, some chain pairs form unanticipated double-helix regions that result from mutual twisting of the chains about each other, illustrating a kind of polymorphism that may be associated with nucleation from short chain pairs. Larger 2D domains of the three-patch particles crystallize in the p6m plane group with alignment (with respect to the field) and packing densities that suggest random disorder in the domains, whereas four-patch particles form 2D domains in which close-packed rows are aligned with the field.
[Neratinib + Valproate] exposure permanently reduces ERBB1 and RAS expression in 4T1 mammary tumors and enhances M1 macrophage infiltration (2017)

The irreversible ERBB1/2/4 inhibitor neratinib has been shown <i>in vitro</i> to rapidly reduce the expression of ERBB1/2/4 and RAS proteins via autophagic/lysosomal degradation. We have recently demonstrated that neratinib and valproate interact to suppress the growth of 4T1 mammary tumors but had not defined whether the [neratinib + valproate] drug combination, in a mouse, had altered the biology of the 4T1 cells. Exposure of 4T1 mammary tumors to [neratinib + valproate] for three days resulted, two weeks later, in tumors that expressed less ERBB1, K-RAS, N-RAS, indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO-1), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and had increased Class I MHCA expression. Tumors previously exposed to [neratinib + valproate] grew more slowly than those exposed to vehicle control and contained more CD8+ cells and activated NK cells. M1 but not M2 macrophage infiltration was significantly enhanced by the drug combination. <i>In vitro</i> exposure of 4T1 tumor cells to [neratinib + valproate] variably reduced the expression of histone deacetylases 1-11. <i>In vivo</i>, prior exposure of tumors to [neratinib + valproate] permanently reduced the expression of HDACs 1-3, 6 and 10. Combined knock down of HDACs 1/2/3 or of 3/10 rapidly reduced the expression IDO-1, and ODC and increased the expression of MHCA. H&E staining of normal tissues at animal nadir revealed no obvious cyto-architectural differences between control and drug-treated animals. We conclude that [neratinib + valproate] evolves 4T1 tumors to grow more slowly and to be more sensitive to checkpoint immunotherapy antibodies.
Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis Mimicking Lung Malignancy (2022)

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and lung malignancy can mimic each other in clinical presentation and sometimes in radiological imaging.Delayed or overdiagnosed of TB may cause a delay in treatment, unwanted adverse drug reactions, and increased morbidity.Here, we report an interesting case of conflict clinicoradiololgical presentation.In this case, the clinical features were consistent with infective etiology, while the radiological imaging favored lung malignancy.The final diagnosis of primary drug-resistant pulmonary TB was established based on GeneXpert in bronchial washing.The patient was put on treatment and follow-up under the national program.On follow-up, the patient showed clinical improvement in terms of symptoms resolution and weight gain.This case depicts the atypical presentation of drug-resistant TB and highlights the role of invasive procedures in clinicoradiological discordant cases of TB and malignancy.
The design, fabrication, and testing of corrugated silicon nitride diaphragms (1994)

Silicon nitride corrugated diaphragms of 2 mm/spl times/2 mm/spl times/1 /spl mu/m have been fabricated with 8 circular corrugations, having depths of 4, 10, or 14 /spl mu/m. The diaphragms with 4-/spl mu/m-deep corrugations show a measured mechanical sensitivity (increase in the deflection over the increase in the applied pressure) which is 25 times larger than the mechanical sensitivity of flat diaphragms of equal size and thickness. Since this gain in sensitivity is due to reduction of the initial stress, the sensitivity can only increase in the case of diaphragms with initial stress. A simple analytical model has been proposed that takes the influence of initial tensile stress into account. The model predicts that the presence of corrugations increases the sensitivity of the diaphragms, because the initial diaphragm stress is reduced. The model also predicts that for corrugations with a larger depth the sensitivity decreases, because the bending stiffness of the corrugations then becomes dominant. These predictions have been confirmed by experiments. The application of corrugated diaphragms offers the possibility to control the sensitivity of thin diaphragms by geometrical parameters, thus eliminating the effect of variations in the initial stress, due to variations in the diaphragm deposition process and/or the influence of temperature changes and packaging stress.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Prospective feasibility and safety assessment of surgical biopsy for patients with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (2018)

Surgical biopsy of DIPGs is technically feasible, associated with acceptable risks, and can provide biologic data that can inform treatment decisions.
High stability of blood samples for flow cytometric analysis of VASP phosphorylation to measure the clopidogrel responsiveness in patients with coronary artery disease (2009)

High stability of blood samples for flow cytometric analysis of VASP phosphorylation to measure the clopidogrel responsiveness in patients with coronary artery disease -
Aerosol sources and their contribution to the chemical composition of aerosols in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea during summertime (2002)

Abstract. A detailed study on the temporal variability of compounds important in controlling aerosol chemical composition was performed during a one-month experiment conducted during summer 2000 at a background site on Crete, in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Contribution of different aerosol sources in the Eastern Mediterranean Basin could be investigated at this location since the site is influenced by a wide range of air masses originating mainly in Europe and Africa. Chemical apportionment was performed for various air mass origins and showed a strong impact of anthropogenic emissions in the Turkey and Central Europe sectors, with black carbon (BC) and non-sea-salt sulfate (nss-SO4) concentrations being almost a factor of two higher than observed in the Eastern and Western Europe sectors. High levels of non-sea-salt calcium (nss-Ca) were associated with air masses from Africa but also from Central Turkey. Evidence was found that BC calculation based on light absorbance during dust events was biased. A source-oriented model was applied for these compounds as well as for sulfur dioxide (SO2), in order to examine the source-receptor relationships responsible for the observed levels in Crete. Among the results obtained from this model, the major contribution of Turkey and Central Europe was confirmed in terms of anthropogenic emissions. Comparisons with remote optical properties obtained from Satellite observations (SEAWIFS) north of Crete indicates that our ground based aerosol characterization was suitable for describing aerosol properties in the atmospheric column for most of the time during the campaign.
Commercial Visual Analytics Systems–Advances in the Big Data Analytics Field (2018)

Five years after the first state-of-the-art report on Commercial Visual Analytics Systems we present a reevaluation of the Big Data Analytics field. We build on the success of the 2012 survey, which was influential even beyond the boundaries of the InfoVis and Visual Analytics (VA) community. While the field has matured significantly since the original survey, we find that innovation and research-driven development are increasingly sacrificed to satisfy a wide range of user groups. We evaluate new product versions on established evaluation criteria, such as available features, performance, and usability, to extend on and assure comparability with the previous survey. We also investigate previously unavailable products to paint a more complete picture of the commercial VA landscape. Furthermore, we introduce novel measures, like suitability for specific user groups and the ability to handle complex data types, and undertake a new case study to highlight innovative features. We explore the achievements in the commercial sector in addressing VA challenges and propose novel developments that should be on systems' roadmaps in the coming years.