gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decorin induces rapid secretion of thrombospondin‐1 in basal breast carcinoma cells via inhibition of <scp>R</scp>as homolog gene family, member A/<scp>R</scp>ho‐associated coiled‐coil containing protein kinase 1 (2013)

Pathological neovascularization relies on an imbalance between potent proangiogenic agents and equally effective antiangiogenic cues. Collectively, these factors contribute to an angiogenic niche within the tumor microenvironment. Oncogenic events and hypoxia contribute to augmented levels of angiokines, and thereby activate the so-called angiogenic switch to promote aggressive tumorigenic and metastatic growth. Soluble decorin functions as a paracrine pan-inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases, such as Met and epidermal growth factor receptor, and thus is capable of suppressing angiogenesis under normoxia. This leads to noncanonical repression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and concurrent induction of thrombospondin-1. The substantial induction of endogenous tumor cell-derived thrombospondin-1, a potent antiangiogenic effector, led us to the discovery of an unexpected secretory phenotype occurring very rapidly (within 5 min) after decorin treatment of the triple-negative basal breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231. Surprisingly, the effect was not mediated by Met receptor antagonism, as initially hypothesized, but required epidermal growth factor receptor signaling to achieve swift and robust thrombospondin-1 release. Furthermore, this effect was ultimately dependent on the prompt degradation of Ras homolog gene family member A, via the 26S proteasome, leading to direct inactivation of Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1. The latter led to derepression of thrombospondin-1 secretion. Collectively, these data provide a novel mechanistic role for Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1, in addition to providing the first conclusive evidence of decorin exclusively targeting a receptor tyrosine kinase to achieve a specific effect. The overall effects of soluble decorin on the tumor microenvironment would cause an immediately-early as well as a sustained antiangiogenic response in vivo.
Successful use of fenfluramine as an add‐on treatment for Dravet syndrome (2012)

Compared with a recent long-term follow-up series in which a maximum of 16% of patients with Dravet syndrome were seizure-free, our result of 70% of patients with Dravet syndrome remaining seizure-free is noteworthy. Given the limitations of this observational study, a larger prospective study should be undertaken to confirm these promising results.
Academic Problem-Solving and Students’ identities as engineers (2017)

Socially constructed identities and language practices influence the ways students perceive themselves as learners, problem solvers, and future professionals. While research has been conducted on individuals’ identity as engineers, less has been written about how the language used during engineering problem solving influences students’ perceptions and their construction of identities as learners and future engineers. This study investigated engineering students’ identities as reflected in their use of language and discourses while engaged in an engineering problem solving activity. We conducted interviews with eight engineering students at a large southeastern university about their approaches to open and closed-ended materials engineering problems. A modification of Gee’s analysis of language-in-use was used to analyze the interviews. We found that pedagogical and engineering problem solving uses of language were the most common. Participants were more likely to perceive themselves as students highlighting the practices, expectations, and language associated with being a student rather than as emerging engineers whose practices are affected by conditions of professional practice. We suggest that problem solving in an academic setting may not encourage students to consider alternative discourses related to industry, professionalism, or creativity; and, consequently, fail to promote connections to social worlds beyond the classroom. By learning about the ways in which language in particular settings produces identities and shapes problem solving practices, educators and engineering professionals can gain deeper understanding of how language shapes the ways students describe themselves as problem-solvers and make decisions about procedures and techniques to solve engineering problems.
Incidence of HIV risk and prevention of infection in health care settings. (1998)

Tht HIV epidemic has created awareness about blood borne pathogens transmission in health care settings. Although, the risk of transmission of HIV and other blood borne pathogen may account for a very small proportion, yet the potential for such transmission always exists. Despite this, the use of proper and careful sterile procedures is sufficient to substantially reduce or even eliminate the risk of HIV infection.
Microstrip Resonator Technique for Measuring Dielectric Permittivity of Liquid Solvents and for Solution Sensing (2007)

A simple planar circuit method has been applied for the first time to measure the dielectric permittivity of solvents in trace amounts (0.3μl to 5μl) at multiple frequencies. It has been shown that due to the high sensitivity of the device it can be used effectively to characterize the quantity of dissolved impurities in a given solution. For relative dielectric permittivity measurements a square ring resonator prototype has been fabricated. Three solvents have been used as standards to measure seven unknowns at 1GHz, 2GHz and 3GHz. The measured results show excellent agreement with theoretical. An open loop resonator has also been developed to characterize glucose-water solutions of various concentrations at 1GHz.
Assessment of the long-term corneal response to hydrogel intrastromal lenses implanted in monkey eyes for up to five years (1993)

The biocompatibility of hydrogel intracorneal lenses (ICLs) implanted in monkey eyes was evaluated for periods ranging up to five years. Seventy-three plus or minus powered ICLs made of Lidofilcon A (68% water) or Lidofilcon B (79% water) were implanted following lamellar dissection with a microkeratome. Ten sham surgical procedures were performed without ICL implantation as controls. Eyes were followed for up to five years by slitlamp biomicroscopy and specular microscopy. Light and transmission electron microscopic evaluations of enucleated eyes were performed at various intervals. Minimal tissue reaction was noted; both hydrogel materials appeared to be equally well tolerated. Failures usually occurred as a result of microkeratome problems encountered during surgery. Histopathological changes to the cornea included epithelial thinning anterior to the thickest portion of the ICL, fibroblastic activity along the ICL-stromal interface, and deposition of an amorphous extracellular material adjacent to the ICL. These observations did not appear to be clinically significant as the eyes were quiet by slitlamp examination. Removal of three ICLs eight to ten months prior to enucleation restored the normal histological characteristics of the cornea. The endothelial cell density of ICL-implanted eyes decreased by 4.3% (n = 17) six months after surgery but remained stable thereafter. The variation in endothelial cell area and percentage of hexagonal cells did not change over 50 months. The results appear to demonstrate that high water content synthetic ICLs can be well tolerated in the monkey cornea for up to five years.
Compounds that induce octane overboosting (2023)

A fuel mixture includes a fuel and an octane overboosting additive. Methods of preparing and using such mixtures are disclosed. In particular, the mixture includes an additive that provides octane boosting that produces peak octane at or before a 40% blend and produces at least a 1 octane boost at 10% volume of additive to fuel mixture.
Clustered underwater ad-hoc networks in the presence of interference (2010)

The paper considers the performance of clustered underwater acoustic ad-hoc networks in the presence of interference. We assume a uniform distribution of nodes over a finite area. The cluster-to-cluster channel is modeled as a Ricean fading channel. We adopt a communication theoretic approach and study the interdependence of the sustainable number of cluster-to-cluster hops through the network, end-to-end frame error probability, power and bandwidth allocation. We find that the network's ability to provide full connectivity may be limited from below by coverage and from above by interference. The network may be coverage-limited when the number of nodes in the network is small, and interference-limited when the number of nodes is high. Numerical examples are presented that illustrate the results of the analysis.
High Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy (1991)

The scanning electron microscope (SEM) builds up an image by sampling contiguous sub-volumes near the surface of the specimen. A fine electron beam selectively excites each sub-volume and then the intensity of some resulting signal is measured. The spatial resolution of images made using such a process is limited by at least three factors. Two of these determine the size of the interaction volume: the size of the electron probe and the extent to which detectable signal is excited from locations remote from the beam impact point. A third limitation emerges from the fact that the probing beam is composed of a finite number of discrete particles and therefore that the accuracy with which any detectable signal can be measured is limited by Poisson statistics applied to this number (or to the number of events actually detected if this is smaller).
883 CLINICAL PREDICTABILITY OF USING WAIST/HIP RATIO ABOVE 8 TO ASSESS CORONARY RISK FACTORS IN OBESE PREMENOPAUSAL FEMALES (1994)

Allison, M.; Perry, A. FACSM; Appplegate, B.; Ferris, D.; Signorile, J. Author Information
Evaluating the Time-Temperature Requirement for &lt;I&gt;E. coli&lt;/I&gt; Destruction Using the Live/Dead Test (2010)

Evaluating the Time-Temperature Requirement for E. coli Destruction Using the Live/Dead TestThe EPA provides a time-temperature equation needed to meet class A standards for thermophilic anaerobic digestion, which should be sufficient to lower fecal coliform (FC) levels to below 1000 MPN/g dry solids. However, it has been observed that while FC levels meet those standards after digestion, there can be a sudden increase in FC concentration after centrifuge dewatering. Two sets of...Author(s)Wade YankeyYen-Chih ChenSudhir MurthySourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationSubjectSession 14: Thermophilic Digestion and Thermal HydrolysisDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Jan, 2010ISSN1938-6478SICI1938-6478(20100101)2010:4L.935;1-DOI10.2175/193864710802767425Volume / Issue2010 / 4Content sourceResiduals and Biosolids ConferenceFirst / last page(s)935 - 943Copyright2010Word count233Subject keywordsE. coliVBNCLive/DeadReactivation
Unraveling Internal Structures of Highly Luminescent PbSe Nanocrystallites Using Variable-Energy Synchrotron Radiation Photoelectron Spectroscopy (2006)

The internal structure of PbSe nanocrystals was deduced using synchrotron X-ray photoemission spectroscopy for three different sizes of nanocrystals. The photoemission data revealed the layered structure of PbSe nanocrystals with the crystalline PbSe core surrounded by a nonstoichiometric Pb(1-x)Se shell, finally passivated by a capping agent in the outermost layer. A detailed analysis of the experimental data yielded quantitative information on the thickness of three different layers, which is unavailable through any other technique; moreover, the overall sizes of the nanocrystals probed by transmission electron microscopy were in agreement with the corresponding quantity obtained in the present experiment. The present results provide a plausible explanation for the strong variation in the photoluminescence intensity with size observed for these nanocrystals.
Improved spatial resolution in flat-panel imaging systems (1998)

Results of an investigation into the limiting spatial resolution of a flat-panel amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) X-ray imaging system are reported. The system was comprised of a 127 micrometer pixel pitch a-Si:H array used in conjunction with an overlying Gd<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>S:Tb (GOS) phosphor screen. The pre- sampled modulation transfer function (psMTF) of the system was measured at diagnostic X-ray energies and compared to the value predicted from a knowledge of the spatial resolution of the individual system components. A reproducible drop in the measured psMTF is seen at low spatial frequencies. Measurements of the magnitude of X-ray backscatter from the array substrate, along with the results of a theoretical model for K-fluorescence X-ray scatter, indicate that a significant fraction of this low-frequency drop is due to K-fluorescence from heavy elements in the glass substrate of the array. This K-fluorescence may be excited directly by primary X-rays that penetrate the overlying phosphor and interact in the glass, or by gadolinium K-fluorescence X-rays that escape from the phosphor into the glass. The measurements indicate that the spatial resolution of such an X-ray imaging system may be improved by the use of a substrate containing as low a concentration of heavy elements as possible.
Evaluation of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) for Detection of Acetone in the Context of Food Safety and Quality Application (2012)

&lt;p class="Body"&gt;Development of sensors for detection of contaminated food products is important to ensure safety of the community. This paper focuses on detection of a compound, acetone associated with pathogen contamination and spoilage of beef in packaged condition. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) technique was used to develop an integrated sensing system. This sensing system utilized laboratory prepared silver sol as the SERS substrate to detect acetone at low ppm and high ppb concentration. A set of eight experiments with two different experimental conditions were conducted. The first four set provided an estimated lower detection limit (LDL) ranging between 69.63 ppm and 630.17 ppm corresponding to the 1711 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; and 532 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; Raman shift (cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) regions, respectively. The second four sets of experiments provided a lower estimated LDL ranging between 9.78 ppm and 43.45 ppm corresponding to 1222 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; and 532 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively. This study demonstrated the ability of this sensing system to detect the indicator compound.&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐ and Copper‐Catalyzed Cyclizations of Hydrazine‐Derived Ugi Products: Facile Synthesis of Substituted Indazolones and Hydroxytriazafluorendiones. (2012)

Abstract A broad spectrum of Ugi four‐component products involving ortho‐halogenated benzoic acids and protected hydrazines is synthesized.
Hacking Java: The Java Professional's Resource Kit (1996)

From the Publisher:
Users with intermediate Java skills who are looking for greater in-depth coverage of more higher-end topics will appreciate this helpful guide that takes them to the next level. This book focuses on answering specific questions with combinations of technologies for more advanced applications, and real world advice.
Find out how to speed up Java applets, use animation with Java, extend base classes, and more
Complete coverage of Java, JavaScript, JDBC, and Java Development Environments all within the context of the solutions and applications
CD-ROM includes all of the code and tools used in the book as well as additional tools and useful examples
ZAKβ antagonizes and ameliorates the cardiac hypertrophic and apoptotic effects induced by ZAKα (2016)

ZAK (sterile alpha motif and leucine zipper containing kinase AZK), a serine/threonine kinase with multiple biochemical functions, has been associated with various cell processes, including cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cardiac hypertrophy. In our previous reports, we found that the activation of ZAKα signaling was critical for cardiac hypertrophy. In this study, we show that the expression of ZAKα activated apoptosis through both a FAS-dependent pathway and a mitochondria-dependent pathway by subsequently inducing caspase-3. ZAKβ, an isoform of ZAKα, is dramatically expressed during cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis. The interaction between ZAKα and ZAKβ was demonstrated here using immunoprecipitation. The results show that ZAKβ has the ability to diminish the expression level of ZAKα. These findings reveal an inherent regulatory role of ZAKβ to antagonize ZAKα and to subsequently downregulate the cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis induced by ZAKα.
Robotic Immobilization of Motile Sperm (2018)

Manipulation of motile cells such as bacteria and sperm is required in both cell biology and clinical applications. For immobilizing a motile sperm, the sperm head and tail positions must be accurately tracked, interference of proximal sperms on the target sperm must be tackled, and the orientation of the sperm must be properly aligned with the manipulation tool in order not to damage the sperm head where DNA is contained. Manual operation of sperm immobilization has stringent skill requirements, and both manual operation and existing robotic sperm immobilization suffer from inconsistent success rates and incapability of manipulating sperms swimming in all directions. This paper presents a robotic system for fully automated tracking, orientation control, and immobilization of motile sperms. Algorithms were developed for robustly tracking the sperm head and estimating the sperm tail positions under interfering conditions. A new visual servo control strategy was developed to enable the robotic system to actively adjust sperm orientation for immobilizing a sperm swimming in any direction. Experimental results from robotic immobilization of 400 sperms confirmed that the robotic system achieved a consistent success rate of 94.5 %, independent of sperm velocity or swimming direction.
Low-threshold supercontinuum generation for a gain-switched 1126-nm fiber laser (2015)

It has come to the attention of The Optical Society that this article should not have been submitted because: (1) not all co-authors had consented to its presentation; and (2) owing to its substantial replication, without appropriate attribution, of significant elements found in the previously published paper: A. V. Kiryanov, V. P. Minkovich, I. V. Mel’nikov, and A. B. Sotsky, "Infrared supercontinuum generation in cladding of a hollow-core fiber pumped with a 1-us 1.06-um Nd3+:YAG/Cr4+:YAG Microchip laser," The Open Optics Journal 4, 29-36 (2010).
Evolutionary Design and Experimental Evaluation of Selective Hammerhead Ribozymes (2020)

This paper describes, in brief, an evolutionary algorithm (EA) for the design of RNA-activated hammerhead ribozymes that selectively cleave a mutant transcript, while leaving the wild type transcript largely unaffected. We present experimental data that provide clear evidence of the selective silencing of the PABPNI gene, at both mRNA and protein levels. As such, this work presents a concrete example of the employability of machine learning algorithms (here, EAs) for the design of trans-acting ribozymes capable of gene silencing via selective mRNA cleavage.
Supplementary Data from Lymphatic PD-L1 Expression Restricts Tumor-Specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell Responses (2023)

Supplementary Data from Lymphatic PD-L1 Expression Restricts Tumor-Specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell Responses
A novel and efficient routing architecture for multi-FPGA systems (2000)

Multi-FPGA systems (MFSs) are used as custom computing machines, logic emulators and rapid prototyping vehicles. A key aspect of these systems is their programmable routing architecture which is the manner in which wires, FPGAs and field-programmable interconnect devices (FPIDs) are connected. Several routing architectures for MFSs have been proposed, and previous research has shown that the partial crossbar is one of the best existing architectures. In this paper, we propose a new routing architecture, called the hybrid complete-graph and partial-crossbar (HCGP) which has superior speed and cost compared to a partial crossbar. The new architecture uses both hard-wired and programmable connections between the FPGAs. We compare the performance and cost of the HCGP and partial crossbar architectures experimentally, by mapping a set of 15 large benchmark circuits into each architecture. A customized set of partitioning and interchip routing tools were developed, with particular attention paid to architecture-appropriate interchip routing algorithms. We show that the cost of the partial crossbar (as measured by the number of pins on all FPGAs and FPIDs required to fit a design), is on average 20% more than the new HCGP architecture and as much as 25% more. Furthermore, the critical path delay for designs implemented on the partial crossbar were on average 20% more than the HCGP architecture and up to 43% more. Using our experimental approach, we also explore a key architecture parameter associated with the HCGP architecture-the proportion of hard-wired connections versus programmable connections-to determine its best value.
A Meta-analysis of Patellar Replacement in Total Knee Arthroplasty (2005)

From individual randomized studies it is unclear whether the patella should be replaced during total knee replacement. We did a meta-analysis to provide quantitative data to compare patellar resurfacing with nonresurfacing during total knee arthroplasty. Only randomized, controlled trials reported between January 1966 and August 2003 comparing patellar replacement with patella retention were included for a total of 12 studies. Two reviewers assessed trial quality and extracted data from papers. The outcomes identified were reoperations for patellar problems, anterior knee pain, knee scores, stair climbing, and patient satisfaction. The resurfaced patella performed better, and we found an increased relative risk (defined by the ratio of the risk of the event in the resurfaced group on the risk of the event in the nonresurfaced group) for reoperation, for significant anterior knee pain, and for significant pain during stair climbing when the patella was left unresurfaced. No differences were observed between the two groups for International Knee Society function score, Hospital for Special Surgery score, and for patient satisfaction. Despite these general findings, forming a definitive conclusion is difficult because many confounding factors, such as component design, surgeon experience, and technical aspects of the surgery, might influence the result in a patient.
Beam Delivery System For UV Laser Ablation Of The Cornea (1988)

We describe an electro-optical apparatus capable of delivering a homogenized, intensity-contoured 193 nm wavelength laser beam to the anterior surface of the cornea. Beam fluence is adequate to produce controlled ablation over areas as large as 7 mm diameter. Preliminary experimental results demonstrating recontouring of the corneal surface as a means of correcting myopia are presented. Means to be used for reducing hyperopia and astigmatism also are described.