gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bovine oocyte and embryo development following meiotic inhibition with butyrolactone I (2000)

In this study we have shown that butyrolactone I (BL-I), a potent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases, inhibits meiotic resumption in bovine oocytes by blocking germinal vesicle breakdown in a dose-dependent manner. A concentration 100 microM blocked over 60% of oocytes, while 150 microM inhibited almost all oocytes compared to the control in which over 80% resumed meiosis. Following a second 24 hr culture under conditions permissive to normal maturation, almost all (95%) of blocked oocytes resumed meiosis and progressed to metaphase II. In terms of developmental competence, oocytes maintained in meiotic arrest for 24 hr with 100 microM exhibited a similar capacity to develop to the blastocyst stage as nonblocked control oocytes following maturation, fertilization, and culture in vitro. Cryopreservation was employed as a tool to detect differences in the oocyte viability between blocked and control oocytes. Cleavage of oocytes was significantly reduced following vitrification and activation both in BL-I treated (40.2% vs. 71.9%, P < 0.05) and the control groups (45.6% vs. 81.7%, P < 0.05). However, BL-I treated oocytes were less likely to develop into blastocysts following vitrification (20.0% from vitrified vs 42.5% from nonvitrified cleaved oocytes, P < 0.05, based on cleaved oocytes) compared to nontreated oocytes (34.0% from vitrified vs. 42. 9% from nonvitrified oocytes, P < 0.05). These results demonstrate the feasibility of maintaining bovine oocytes in artificial meiotic arrest without compromising their subsequent developmental competence and may represent a tool for improving the development of less competent oocytes.
In vitro reactivity of Cu doped 45S5 Bioglass® derived scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (2013)

Cu-doped 45S5 bioactive glasses with varying Cu contents were fabricated and used to process 3D porous scaffolds via the foam replica technique. Cu-doping results in the weakening of the glass network and a decrease in its glass transition temperature. Acellular in vitro studies revealed very high bioactivity independent of Cu doping as indicated by the fast formation of a carbonated hydroxyapatite layer (CHA) on scaffold surfaces after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). The kinetics of the glass-ceramic scaffold's transition to an amorphous calcium phosphate layer (ACP) and the crystallisation of CHA were explored by FT-IR and SEM analyses. The elemental distribution in the scaffold/fluid interface region was monitored by the advanced micro-PIXE-RBS (particle induced X-ray emission/Rutherford backscattering spectrometry) method. Cu-containing glasses showed slower release of Si, Ca and P from the scaffold periphery, whereas traces of Cu were found incorporated in the CaP layer on the scaffold surface. Cu release kinetics from the scaffolds in SBF were found to depend on culturing conditions while highest Cu concentrations of ∼3.1 ppm and ∼4.6 ppm under static and quasi-dynamic conditions, respectively, were observed. Since Cu exhibits potential angiogenic and osteogenic properties, the Cu-containing scaffolds are suggested as promising materials for bone tissue engineering applications.
Utility of immediate on‐site cytopathological procurement and evaluation in fine needle aspiration biopsy of head and neck masses (1992)

The utility of on-site microscopic evaluation of fine needle aspirates (FNAs) of the head and neck was assessed by comparing the diagnostic yield in 336 specimens obtained with immediate on-site cytopathological procurement and evaluation to that achieved in 548 cases performed without immediate on-site evaluation. Three hundred six (91%) of 336 immediate evaluation specimens were adequate for cytopathologic diagnosis, compared to 391 (71%) of 548 specimens not evaluated immediately (P < .001, chi-squared test). The higher satisfactory rate in immediate evaluation cases was related primarily to 1. immediate reaspiration of the masses until sufficient cytopathologic material was obtained for diagnosis; and 2. optimal specimen preparation. It is concluded that immediate on-site cytopathological procurement and evaluation of fine needle aspirates of head and neck masses is a valuable practice which assures a higher yield of adequate specimens compared to biopsies taken without immediate evaluation. The technique of immediate on-site evaluation of FNAs is discussed and a cost-benefit analysis of immediate on-site evaluation of FNAs is presented.
Motor abnormalities as a putative endophenotype for Autism Spectrum Disorders (2013)

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) represent a complex group of behaviorally defined conditions with core deficits in social communication and the presence of repetitive and restrictive behaviors. To date, neuropathological studies have failed to identify pathognomonic cellular features for ASDs and there remains a fundamental disconnection between the complex clinical aspects of ASDs and the underlying neurobiology. Although not listed among the core diagnostic domains of impairment in ASDs, motor abnormalities have been consistently reported across the spectrum. In this perspective article, we summarize the evidence that supports the use of motor abnormalities as a putative endophenotype for ASDs. We argue that because these motor abnormalities do not directly depend on social or linguistic development, they may serve as an early disease indicator. Furthermore, we propose that stratifying patients based on motor development could be useful not only as an outcome predictor and in identifying more specific treatments for different ASDs categories, but also in exposing neurobiological mechanisms.
Free radical carbonylation. Efficient trapping of carbon monoxide by carbon radicals (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFree radical carbonylation. Efficient trapping of carbon monoxide by carbon radicalsIlhyong Ryu, Kazuya Kusano, Akiya Ogawa, Nobuaki Kambe, and Noboru SonodaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 3, 1295–1297Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00159a088https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00159a088research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1538Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Fuzzy Inference Based Connection Admission Control in ATM Networks (1997)

A connection admission control (CAC) method is proposed for asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks by applying the fuzzy inference and learning algorithm of neural networks. In order to guarantee the allowed cell loss ratio (CLR) in CAC, the upper bound of CLR must be used as the criterion for judging whether an incoming call can be accepted or not. For estimating the upper bound of CLR from observed CLR data, fuzzy inference, based on a weighted mean of fuzzy sets, is adopted. This inference method can effectively estimate the possibility distribution of CLR by applying the error back-propagation algorithm with the proposed energy functions in learning and provide the upper bound of CLR efficiently from the distribution. A self-compensation mechanism for estimation errors is also provided, which is simple enough to work in real time by taking advantage of the fuzzy inference method adopted. Fuzzy rules in the area with no observed data are generated by extrapolation from adjacent fuzzy rules in the area with observed data. This increases the multiplex gain, thereby guaranteeing the allowed CLR as much as possible. The simulation results show the feasibility of the proposed CAC method.
Determination and Analysis of Site-Specific<sup>125</sup>I Decay-Induced DNA Double-Strand Break End-Group Structures (2007)

End groups contribute to the structural complexity of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). As such, end-group structures may affect a cell's ability to repair DSBs. The 3'-end groups of strand breaks caused by gamma radiation, or oxidative processes, under oxygenated aqueous conditions have been shown to be distributed primarily between 3'-phosphoglycolate and 3'-phosphate, with 5'-phosphate ends in both cases. In this study, end groups of the high-LET-like DSBs caused by 125I decay were investigated. Site-specific DNA double-strand breaks were produced in plasmid pTC27 in the presence or absence of 2 M DMSO by 125I-labeled triplex-forming oligonucleotide targeting. End-group structure was assessed enzymatically as a function of the DSB end to serve as a substrate for ligation and various forms of end labeling. Using this approach, we have demonstrated 3'-hydroxyl (3'-OH) and 3'-phosphate (3'-P) end groups and 5'-ends (> or = 42%) terminated by phosphate. A 32P postlabeling assay failed to detect 3'-phosphoglycolate in a restriction fragment terminated by the 125I-induced DNA double-strand break, and this is likely due to restricted oxygen diffusion during irradiation as a frozen aqueous solution. Even so, end-group structure and relative distribution varied as a function of the free radical scavenging capacity of the irradiation buffer.
Characterisation of radicals formed by the triazine 1,4-dioxide hypoxia-activated prodrug, SN30000 (2014)

The radical species underlying the activity of the bioreductive anticancer prodrug, SN30000, have been identified by electron paramagnetic resonance and pulse radiolysis techniques. Spin-trapping experiments indicate both an aryl-type radical and an oxidising radical, trapped as a carbon-centred radical, are formed from the protonated radical anion of SN30000. The carbon-centred radical, produced upon the one-electron oxidation of the 2-electron reduced metabolite of SN30000, oxidises 2-deoxyribose, a model for the site of damage on DNA which leads to double strand breaks. Calculations using density functional theory support the assignments made.
Efficient synthesis of butyl levulinate from furfuryl alcohol over ordered mesoporous Ti-KIT-6 catalysts for green chemistry applications (2017)

Here we describe the synthesis of butyl levulinate by alcoholysis of furfuryl alcohol with <italic>n</italic>-butanol over a series of titanium incorporated mesoporous KIT-6 molecular sieve catalysts prepared by a simple sol–gel treatment.
External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) for Patients with Malignant Pheochromocytoma and Non-Head and -Neck Paraganglioma: Combination with 131I-MIBG (2012)

In patients with malignant pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, 131I-MIBG radiotherapy can achieve an objective response rate of 30-50% with the dose limiting toxicity being hematologic. Patients with disseminated disease, who also have a few index bulky or symptomatic lesions, may benefit from the addition of targeted external beam radiotherapy alone or in combination with systemic 131I-MIBG. The records of patients with malignant paraganglioma who were treated with external beam radiotherapy at the University of Pennsylvania from February 1973 to February 2011 were reviewed in an institutional review board approved retrospective study. Of the 17 patients with tumors in the thorax, abdomen, or pelvis, 76% had local control or clinically significant symptomatic relief for at least 1 year or until death. As expected, the predominant toxicity was due to irradiation of tumor-adjacent normal tissues without clinically significant hematologic toxicity. Due to widespread systemic metastases with areas of bulky, symptomatic tumor, 5 of the 17 patients were treated with sequential 131I-MIBG (2 mCi/kg per treatment) and external beam radiotherapy to 9 sites. In these patients, all areas that were irradiated with external beam radiotherapy showed durable objective response despite all patients eventually experiencing out-of-field systemic progression requiring other treatment. Four of these patients remain alive with excellent performance status 16, 18, 23, and 24 months after external beam radiotherapy. External beam radiotherapy can be highly effective in local management of malignant paraganglioma and can be used in conjunction with 131I-MIBG due to nonoverlapping toxicities with excellent control of locally bulky tumors.
Slow transport of the cytoskeleton after axonal injury (1992)

The delivery of cytoskeletal proteins to the axon occurs by slow axonal transport. We examined how the rate of slow transport was altered after axonal injury. When retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons regenerated through peripheral nerve grafts, an increase in the rate of slow transport occurred during regrowth of the injured axons. We compared these results to axonal injury in the optic nerve where no substantial regrowth occurs and found a completely different response. Slow transport was decreased approximately tenfold in rate in the proximal segment of crushed optic nerves. This decreased rate of slow transport was not induced immediately, but occurred about 1 week after injury. To explore whether a decrease in the rate of slow transport was induced when the regeneration of peripheral nerves was physically blocked, we examined slow transport in motor neurons after the sciatic nerve was transected and ligated. In this case, no change in the rate of the comigrating tubulin and neurofilament (NF) radioactive peaks were observed. We discuss how the changes in the rate of slow transport may reflect different neuronal responses to injury and speculate about the possible molecular changes in the expression of tubulin which may contribute to the observed changes.
Processing for Improved Spectral Analysis (2013)

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is the workhorse of condition monitoring analysis. The FFTs’ assumption of stationarity is often violated in rotating machinery. Even in a six second acquisition on a wind turbine, the shaft speed can change by 5%. For Shaft and Gear analysis, this is mitigated through the use of the time synchronous average. For general spectrum analysis, or bearing envelope analysis, there is no such mitigation: one hopes that the effect of variation in shaft speed is small. Presented is a time synchronous resampling algorithm which corrects for variation in shaft speed, preserving the assumption of stationarity. This allows for improved spectral analysis, such as used in bearing fault detection. This is demonstrated on a real world-bearing fault.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;
Circuit Design and Design Automation for Printed Electronics (2019)

A Process Design Kit (PDK) for gravure-printed Organic Thin-Film Transistor (OTFT) technology is presented in this paper. The transistor model developed in the PDK enables an accurate prediction of static, dynamic and noise performance of complex organic circuits. The developed Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tools exploit an adaptive strategy to improve the versatility of the PDK in relation to the advancements of the manufacturing process. The design and experimental characterization of a Charge Sensitive Amplifier is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the PDK. The availability of a versatile and accurate Process Design Kit is expected to enable a reliable design process for complex circuits based on an organic printed technology.
A simulation study to evaluate the feasibility of midgap workfunction metal gates in 25 nm bulk CMOS (2003)

The performance of 25 nm metallurgical channel length bulk MOSFETs with midgap workfunction metal gates has been compared with conventional polysilicon gates and bandedge workfunction metal gates. Device design using pocket halo implants was implemented to achieve the required off-state leakage specification. Highly accurate, full device simulations have been performed with a linear chain of inverters taking quantum effects into consideration. Drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) was used as an indicator of short channel effects, and the stage delay of a linear chain of inverters and the on state drive current (I/sub on/) have been identified as metrics for performance. Compared to bandedge metal gates, midgap gates suffer from lower drive currents for both NMOS and PMOS devices. On the other hand, midgap devices were comparable in their performance to N/sup +/ polysilicon gated devices and exceeded that of P/sup +/ polysilicon devices. This high performance was attributed to a lack of poly depletion in midgap metal devices and a higher degree of DIBL which resulted in a lower V/sub t/ under high drain bias providing high drive current. Conclusions have been drawn on the feasibility of using midgap metal gates to simplify process integration in future generation CMOS devices.
Enhanced DNA dynamics due to cationic reagents, topological states of dsDNA and high mobility group box 1 as probed by PicoGreen (2008)

We report a study of dynamics with a dsDNA-specific dye called PicoGreen bound to plasmid DNA (3.4 kb), and show that at low dye/DNA phosphate ratios (1 : 100 and below), PicoGreen dynamics reflect the motional dynamics of dsDNA. We further evaluated the usefulness of this probe by measuring the time-resolved fluorescence dynamics of PicoGreen bound to dsDNA in the presence of cationic reagents that affect DNA dynamics [MgCl2 and polyethyleneimine (PEI)] and also with plasmid DNA in different topological states. Among these conditions, MgCl2, PEI and the supercoiled form of plasmid resulted in increases in the very short component (0.2-0.4 ns) of the rotational correlation time. Separately, HMGB1 protein enhanced DNA dynamics, as observed from the rotational correlation times of very short (0.2-0.4 ns) and short (2-4 ns) rotational correlation timescale components. By studying the effect of specific deletion mutants HMGB1-DeltaA (deletion of 98 N-terminal amino acids) and HMGB1-DeltaC (deletion of 30 C-terminal amino acids), we show that the acidic C-terminal tail is required for enhancement of DNA dynamics. We then discuss the possible mechanisms and implications of HMGB1-mediated flexibility of DNA in the context of formation of large nucleoprotein complexes.
Influence of activating Fcgamma receptors on osteoclast differentiation and bone metabolism (2012)

Background Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis suffering from chronic inflammation of the joints have a higher risk of developing osteoporosis. One hallmark of this inflammatory process is an increased production of autoantibodies. It is unclear, whether the autoantibodies can act directly on cells of the bone metabolism via Fcgamma receptors (FcgRs). Thus, the aim of this project is to analyze the influence of the activating FcgR expression on osteoclasts, the bone-resorbing cells, and the bone metabolism in vitro and in vivo by comparison of C57Bl/6 and several FcgR knockout mice.
An improvement on accuracy of laser radar using a Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode by time-of-flight analysis with Poisson statistics (2010)

A new technique to improve the accuracy of direct detection time-of-flight (TOF) laser radar using a Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode (APD) by reducing range walk error is presented. The range walk error refers to the change of the measured distance as a function of the waveform and energy of the laser-return pulse scattered from the target. The technique is based on the theoretical model, established with Poisson statistics, of the system and it enables to overcome the inherent limitation of Geiger-mode APD so that the mean number of photons of the laser-return pulse is expectable within the range in which the target detection probability varies. The theoretical model for the detection probability of each time bin in a TOF histogram is derived after it is experimentally proved that the creation of primary electrons in the Geiger-mode APD is Poisson-distributed. It is shown that the range walk error depends on the energy of the laser-return pulse at the Geiger-mode APD with the theoretical model regarded as the TOF histogram of multiple laser pulses in a single-hit case. The method which reduces the range walk error with the center of mass detection in the TOF histogram is then proposed, and the experiment for its proof is carried out. The experimental results show that the theoretical model is appropriate and the range walk error is reducible within the range in which the detection probability varies.