gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nintedanib (N) plus best supportive care (BSC) versus placebo plus BSC for the treatment of patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) refractory to standard therapies: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) results of the Phase III LUME-Colon 1 study. (2017)

671 Background: N is a multiple angiokinase inhibitor (including VEGFR, PDGFR and FGFR). A randomised Phase III study, LUME-Colon 1 (NCT02149108), evaluated the efficacy and safety of N in pts with refractory mCRC after failure of standard therapies. LUME-Colon 1 showed a statistically significant improvement in PFS (HR [95% CI] 0.58 [0.49–0.69]; p &lt; 0.0001) but no difference in OS (HR [95% CI]: 1.01 [0.86–1.19]; p = 0.8659). Here, we report the HRQoL outcomes. Methods: 768 pts with mCRC adenocarcinoma refractory to standard chemotherapy were randomised 1:1 to receive either N (200 mg bid) + BSC or P (bid) + BSC in 21-day courses until disease progression or undue toxicity. HRQoL was assessed every 21 days using the EORTC QLQ-C30 instrument; the main endpoints of interest were the differences in mean scores up to median follow-up time (treatment difference, TD) for physical functioning (PF) and global health status/QoL (QL) scales using a longitudinal model, with 95% CIs and associated p-values adjusted for baseline stratification factors. Time to deterioration (TTD) of scores and status change ( ≥ 10 point change from baseline) were also assessed. Results: Compliance with questionnaire completion was high ( &gt; 85% in first 12 cycles). Mean baseline (N vs P) PF (80 vs 80) and QL (65 vs 65) scale scores were balanced between treatment arms. The mean TD favoured N vs P for PF scale scores (TD 2.66 [95% CI: 0.97–4.34]; p = 0.0020) and QL scale scores (TD 1.61 [95% CI: −0.04–3.27]; p = 0.0555). TTD of PF (HR 0.84; 95% CI: 0.69–1.03; p = 0.0904) and QL (HR 0.90; 95% CI: 0.75–1.08; p = 0.2674) scores were not significantly different between treatment groups, although the percentage of patients with improved PF (17.2% vs 11.8%; p = 0.0462) and QL scores (30.3% vs 21.6%: p = 0.0102) were both significantly higher for N vs P. Conclusions: In LUME-Colon 1, patient reported outcomes confirmed that overall HRQoL was not impaired by treatment with N. There was evidence for improvement of PF and QL with N vs P, corresponding to the significant increase in PFS observed. Clinical trial information: NCT02149108.
Triboelectric effect of surface morphology controlled laser induced graphene (2020)

Here, we studied the triboelectric properties of structurally controlled laser-induced graphene (LIG) to clarify the key factors for improving the energy harvesting performance.
Collabio (2009)

We present Collabio, a social tagging game within an online social network that encourages friends to tag one another. Collabio's approach of incentivizing members of the social network to generate information about each other produces personalizing information about its users. We report usage log analysis, survey data, and a rating exercise demonstrating that Collabio tags are accurate and augment information that could have been scraped online.
Sequential Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SSFE) for Estimating the Availability of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Historically Polluted Soils (2004)

Sequential supercritical fluid (CO2) extraction (SSFE) was applied to eight historically contaminated soils from diverse sources with the aim to elucidate the sorption–desorption behavior of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The method involved five extraction phases applying successively harsher conditions by increasing fluid temperature and density mobilizing target compounds from different soil particle sites. Two groups of soils were identified based on readily desorbing (available) PAH fractions obtained under mildest extraction conditions (e.g., readily desorbing fractions of fluoranthene and pyrene significantly varied between the soils ranging from <10 to >90%). Moreover, extraction behavior strongly correlated with molecular weight revealing decreasing available PAH fractions with increasing weight. Physicochemical soil parameters such as particle size distribution and organic dry mass were found to have no distinct effect on the sorption–desorption behavior of PAHs in the different soils. However, PAH profiles significantly correlated with readily available pollutant fractions; soils with relatively less mobile PAHs had higher proportions of five- and six-ring PAHs and vice versa. Eventually, biodegradability corresponded well with PAH recoveries under the two mildest extraction phases. However, a quantitative relationship was only established for soils with biodegradable PAHs. Out of eight soils, five showed no biodegradation including the four soils with the lowest fraction of readily desorbing PAHs. Only one soil (which was found to be highly toxic to Vibrio fischeri) did not match the overall pattern showing no PAH biodegradability but large fractions of highly mobile PAHs, concluding that mass transfer limitations may only be one of many factors governing biodegradability of PAHs.
Selective enclathration of picolines (2005)

The interactions between Ph 4 P + cations and p-sulfonatocalix-[n]arene anions offer the possibility of building up new materials based on interactions between the anions and cations beyond their electrostatic attraction, such as the possibility of a phenyl ring of the cation residing in the cavity of the calixarene. In developing this concept, we have embarked on a systematic study of the ability of the Ph 4 P + -psulfonatocalix[n]arene system to generate extensive self-assembled arrays. We report herein the formation of materials built up from Ph 4 P + cations and different sizes calix[n]arenes with n = 4 (see Figure), n = 6 and n = 8.
Rhodium Indenyl NHC and Fluorenyl‐Tethered NHC Half‐Sandwich Complexes: Synthesis, Structures and Applications in the Catalytic C−H Borylation of Arenes and Alkanes (2021)

Indenyl (Ind) rhodium N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes [Rh(η<sup>5</sup> -Ind)(NHC)(L)] were synthesised for 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene (SIPr) with L=C<sub>2</sub> H<sub>4</sub> (1), CO (2 a) and cyclooctene (COE; 3), for 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene (SIMes) with L=CO (2 b) and COE (4), and 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene (IMes) with L=CO (2 c) and COE (5). Reaction of SIPr with [Rh(Cp*)(C<sub>2</sub> H<sub>4</sub> )<sub>2</sub> ] did not give the desired SIPr complex, thus demonstrating the "indenyl effect" in the synthesis of 1. Oxidative addition of HSi(OEt)<sub>3</sub> to 3 proceeded under mild conditions to give the Rh silyl hydride complex [Rh(Ind){Si(OEt)<sub>3</sub> }(H)(SIPr)] (6) with loss of COE. Tethered-fluorenyl NHC rhodium complexes [Rh{(η<sup>5</sup> -C<sub>13</sub> H<sub>8</sub> )C<sub>2</sub> H<sub>4</sub> N(C)C<sub>2</sub> H<sub>x</sub> NR}(L)] (x=4, R=Dipp, L=C<sub>2</sub> H<sub>4</sub> : 11; L=COE: 12; L=CO: 13; R=Mes, L=COE: 14; L=CO: 15; x=2, R=Me, L=COE: 16; L=CO: 17) were synthesised in low yields (5-31 %) in comparison to good yields for the monodentate complexes (49-79 %). Compounds 3 and 1, which contain labile alkene ligands, were successful catalysts for the catalytic borylation of benzene with B<sub>2</sub> pin<sub>2</sub> (Bpin=pinacolboronate, 97 and 93 % PhBpin respectively with 5 mol % catalyst, 24 h, 80 °C), with SIPr giving a more active catalyst than SIMes or IMes. Fluorenyl-tethered NHC complexes were much less active as borylation catalysts, and the carbonyl complexes were inactive. The borylation of toluene, biphenyl, anisole and diphenyl ether proceeded to give meta substitutions as the major product, with smaller amounts of para substitution and almost no ortho product. The borylation of octane and decane with B<sub>2</sub> pin<sub>2</sub> at 120 and 140 °C, respectively, was monitored by <sup>11</sup> B NMR spectroscopy, which showed high conversions into octyl and decylBpin over 4-7 days, thus demonstrating catalysed sp<sup>3</sup> C-H borylation with new piano stool rhodium indenyl complexes. Irradiation of the monodentate complexes with 400 or 420 nm light confirmed the ready dissociation of C<sub>2</sub> H<sub>4</sub> and COE ligands, whereas CO complexes were inert. Evidence for C-H bond activation in the alkyl groups of the NHC ligands was obtained.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: Its Role in Disease and Novel Prospects for Therapy (2012)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a multifunctional organelle required for lipid biosynthesis, calcium storage, and protein folding and processing. A number of physiological and pathological conditions, as well as a variety of pharmacological agents, are able to disturb proper ER function and thereby cause ER stress, which severely impairs protein folding and therefore poses the risk of proteotoxicity. Specific triggers for ER stress include, for example, particular intracellular alterations (e.g., calcium or redox imbalances), certain microenvironmental conditions (e.g., hypoglycemia, hypoxia, and acidosis), high-fat and high-sugar diet, a variety of natural compounds (e.g., thapsigargin, tunicamycin, and geldanamycin), and several prescription drugs (e.g., bortezomib/Velcade, celecoxib/Celebrex, and nelfinavir/Viracept). The cell reacts to ER stress by initiating a defensive process, called the unfolded protein response (UPR), which is comprised of cellular mechanisms aimed at adaptation and safeguarding cellular survival or, in cases of excessively severe stress, at initiation of apoptosis and elimination of the faulty cell. In recent years, this dichotomic stress response system has been linked to several human diseases, and efforts are underway to develop approaches to exploit ER stress mechanisms for therapy. For example, obesity and type 2 diabetes have been linked to ER stress-induced failure of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells, and current research efforts are aimed at developing drugs that ameliorate cellular stress and thereby protect beta cell function. Other studies seek to pharmacologically aggravate chronic ER stress in cancer cells in order to enhance apoptosis and achieve tumor cell death. In the following, these principles will be presented and discussed.
A novel computational method for predicting the transmembrane structure of G-protein coupled receptors: application to human C5aR and C3aR. (2000)

A novel algorithm was applied to the sequences of bacteriorhodopsin (BRh), of rhodopsin (Rh), and of the two human anaphylatoxin receptors, C5a-receptor (hC5aR) and C3a-receptor (hC3aR), that predicts their transmembrane domains (TMD) according to energy criteria alone, on the basis of their sequences and a template structure for each. Two consecutive criteria were applied for the predictions: the first is hydrophobicity of a sequence of residues, which determines the candidate stretches of residues that form one of the transmembrane helices. The second criterion is an energy function composed of inter residue contact energies, of hydrophobic contributions due to membrane exposure and of the interactions of a few residues with the phospholipid head groups. The sequence of candidate residues for each helix is longer than that of the template, and is finally determined by threading each of the candidate stretches on each of the template helices and evaluating the energy for all possible configurations. Contact energies between residues were taken from a database (Miyazawa S and Jernigan RL (1996) J Mol Biol 256 623-44). The algorithm predicts well the TMD structure of BRh based on its own template, and the TMD structure of Rh conforms well with the model of Baldwin et al (Baldwin JM Schertler GFX and Unger VM (1997) J Biol Chem 272 144-64). Results for the construction of the TMD of hC5aR and hC3aR were compared, employing the template structure of Rh. Most of the results for these receptors are in accord with alignments and with mutation experiments on hC5aR and hC3aR. The predictions may serve as a basis for future mutagenesis experiments of these receptors.
In Situ Polymerization of Aqueous Solutions of NIPAAm Initiated by Atmospheric Plasma Treatment (2013)

Abstract In situ polymerization of aqueous solution of NIPAAm initiated by atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma treatment as an innovative approach to synthesis of thin polymeric films and hydrogels is introduced in this work. The characterization of the active species present in the polymerization plasma system by optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and UV irradiation as well as the chemical characterization of the plasma polymerized NIPAAm (PNIPAAm) films by FTIR, 1H‐NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis give evidences that the monomer chemical composition is highly retained during the in situ polymerization. magnified image
Cd/sub 1-x/Zn/sub x/Te gamma ray detectors (2002)

Results of an effort to improve the performance of CdTe detectors by addressing starting element purity and crystallinity are described. Structural perfection was improved by alloying with ZnTe to form crystals of Cd/sub 1-x/Zn/sub x/Te. Crystals were grown by a high-pressure Bridgman method. Evidence for significant enhancements of the mu tau products resulting from these efforts is presented. Features of Cd/sub 0.8/Zn/sub 0.2/Te detectors include energy resolutions at 122 keV <7%, a resistivity of approximately 10/sup 11/ Omega -cm, no polarization effects, and temperatures for useful operation up to 100 degrees C. The large sizes (e.g., 3 kg, 7.5-cm diameter) and excellent homogeneity of the crystals make it possible to produce detectors and imaging arrays with areas of several square inches.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A NMR study of mobility in the histone octamer (1990)

The histone octamer from chicken erythrocytes was studied in 2 M NaCl using 500 mHz 1H NMR spectroscopy. We compared the spectrum of control octamers with that of octamers isolated from trypsinized nucleosome core particles. We observe that the sharp resonances found in the spectrum of the native octamer disappear completely after trypsinization. Therefore, within the time frame of the NMR experiment, all of the mobile amino acid residues in the histone octamer are found in the well defined trypsin sensitive domains. These results indicate that there is a very clear structural demarcation between the random coil N- and C-terminal tails and the globular domains of the histones.
Convergent Oxygenation of Arachidonic Acid by 5-Lipoxygenase and Cyclooxygenase-2 (2005)

5-Lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) initiate the biosynthesis of distinct families of mediators from arachidonic acid (leukotrienes and prostaglandins, respectively) and are each the target of anti-inflammatory medications. Here we show that the product of 5-lipoxygenase, 5S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, is selectively and efficiently triply oxygenated by COX-2, implicating a cross-pathway interaction. The product is a unique diendoperoxide, potentially representing the parent compound of a novel group of lipid mediators.
Heterogeneous Multi-View Information Fusion: Review of 3-D Reconstruction Methods and a New Registration with Uncertainty Modeling (2016)

We consider a multisensor network fusion framework for 3-D data registration using inertial planes, the underlying geometric relations, and transformation model uncertainties. We present a comprehensive review of 3-D reconstruction methods and registration techniques in terms of the underlying geometric relations and associated uncertainties in the registered images. The 3-D data registration and the scene reconstruction task using a set of multiview images are an essential goal of structure-from-motion algorithms that still remains challenging for many applications, such as surveillance, human motion and behavior modeling, virtual-reality, smart-rooms, health-care, teleconferencing, games, human-robot interaction, medical imaging, and scene understanding. We propose a framework to incorporate measurement uncertainties in the registered imagery, which is a critical issue to ensure the robustness of these applications but is often not addressed. In our test bed environment, a network of sensors is used where each physical node consists of a coupled camera and associated inertial sensor (IS)/inertial measurement unit. Each camera-IS node can be considered as a hybrid sensor or fusion-based virtual camera. The 3-D scene information is registered onto a set of virtual planes defined by the IS. The virtual registrations are based on using the homography calculated from 3-D orientation data provided by the IS. The uncertainty associated with each 3-D point projected onto the virtual planes is modeled using statistical geometry methods. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach for multiview reconstruction with sensor fusion.
Improving mains current quality for three-phase three-switch buck-type PWM rectifiers (2006)

Modulation schemes for three-phase three-switch buck-type pulsewidth modulation rectifiers where the switching state of one bridge leg is clamped within a π 3-wide interval of the mains period guarantee minimum switching losses as well as minimum input filter capacitor voltage ripple and minimum dc current ripple. However, as shown in this paper by a detailed analysis of the time behavior of the input filter capacitor voltages within a pulse period such modulation schemes are characterized by the occurrence of sliding intersections of the filter capacitor voltages which causes input current distortion. An advanced modulation scheme is proposed which prevents the input current distortion and allows it to maintain the optimum performance of conventional modulation schemes. The theoretical considerations are finally verified by measurements on a 5-kW hardware prototype.
Deuterium NMR investigation of ether- and ester-linked phosphatidylcholine bilayers (1985)

Deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance (2H NMR) spectra of specifically head-group- and chain-deuterated ester- and ether-linked phosphatidylcholine bilayers were studied as a function of temperature over the range -33 to 50 degrees C. Head-group-deuterated dihexadecylphosphatidylcholine ([alpha-2H2]DHPC) bilayers yield line shapes and spin-lattice relaxation times similar to those observed for its ester-linked counterpart, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine ([alpha-2H2]DPPC), in the high-temperature ripple and L alpha bilayer phases. These results indicate the ether linkage has no effect on the dynamics or the orientational order at the alpha-C2H2 segment of the phosphocholine head group. At all temperatures, the 2H NMR spectra of chain-deuterated 1,2[1',1'-2H2]DHPC bilayers exhibit a reduced spectral width compared to 1,2[2',2'-2H2]DPPC bilayers. The most significant feature of the deuterated alkyl chain spectrum of DHPC at 45 degrees C is the observation of four separate quadrupolar splittings from the alpha-methylene segments of the alkyl chains, in comparison to the three quadrupolar splittings reported previously from the alpha-methylene segments of the acyl chains of DPPC. Spin-lattice relaxation experiments performed on DHPC suggest an assignment of the two smaller and the two larger quadrupolar splittings to separate alkyl chains, respectively. Low-temperature (T less than or equal to -20 degrees C) gel-phase spectra of deuterated head-group [alpha-2H2]DHPC remain an order of magnitude narrower than those observed for [alpha-2H2]DPPC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Oleiagrimonas citrea sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from tidal flat sediment and emended description of the genus Oleiagrimonas Fang et al. 2015 and Oleiagrimonas soli (2017)

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped (1.4-3.6×0.4-0.6 µm) and motile marine bacterium, designated as MEBiC09124T, was isolated from tidal flat sediment of Suncheon Bay, South Korea. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain MEBiC09124T showed high similarity to Oleiagrimonas soli 3.5XT (96.7 %). Growth was observed at 18-38 °C (optimum 30 °C), at pH 4.0-8.5 (optimum pH 7.5) and with 0-6 % (w/v) (optimum 2.5 %) NaCl. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 and summed feature 9 (comprising 10-methyl C16 : 0 and/or iso-C17 : 1ω9c). The DNA G+C content was 66.1 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was Q-8. Biochemical characteristics such as production of acetoin and enzyme activities of trypsin, α-chymotrypsin and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase differentiated strain MEBiC09124T from O. soli 3.5XT. On the basis of data from this polyphasic taxonomic study, strain MEBiC09124T (=KCCM 43131T=JCM 30904T) is classified as the type strain of a novel species in the genus Oleiagrimonas, for which the name Oleiagrimonas citrea sp. nov. is proposed. Emended descriptions of the genus Oleiagrimonas and Oleiagrimonas soli are also given.
Proteomic profiling of <scp>N</scp> ‐linked glycoproteins identifies <scp>C</scp> on <scp>A</scp> ‐binding procathepsin <scp>D</scp> as a novel serum biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (2013)

The aim of this study was to identify novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of, and potential therapeutic targets for, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Multilectin affinity chromatography was used to enrich N-linked glycoproteins from nontumorous liver and HCC tissues followed by 2DE and protein identification by MS. Twenty-eight differentially expressed proteins were identified. Western blotting validated consistently lower concentrations of human liver carboxylesterase 1 and haptoglobin, and higher concentration of procathepsin D (pCD) in HCC tissues. Knockdown of cathepsin D (CD) expression mediated by siRNA significantly inhibited the in vitro invasion of two HCC cell lines, SNU449 and SNU473, which normally secrete high-levels of CD. Prefractionation using individual lectins demonstrated an elevation in ConA-binding glycoforms of proCD and CD in HCC tissues. In the serum of HCC patients, "ConA-binding proCD" (ConA-pCD) is significantly increased in concentration and this increase is comprised of several distinct upregulated acidic isoforms (pI 4.5-5.5). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of serum ConA-pCD for HCC diagnosis were 85% and 80%, respectively. This is the first report that serum ConA-pCD is increased significantly in HCC and is potentially useful as a serological biomarker for diagnosis of HCC.
Spinous Process Distractive Devices for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis (2007)

This chapter discusses the patient selection, current treatment options, the technique for performing interspinous process decompression with the X STOP, as well as outcomes from clinical studies. Lumbar spinal stenosis had been first described in 1803 by Portal of France, who observed that narrowed spinal canals were associated with leg pain and atrophy. Spacers placed between the lumbar spinous processes represent a promising surgical treatment alternative for a variety of spinal pathologies. Intuitively, they provide an unloading distractive force to the stenotic motion segment and have the potential to relieve the symptoms of neurogenic intermittent claudication associated with spinal stenosis. A multicenter prospective, randomized controlled trial was performed in the United States comparing the outcomes of mild with moderate neurogenic intermittent claudication patients treated with the X STOP interspinous process decompression system to patients treated nonsurgically. The X STOP clinical outcomes are comparable to the results previously reported for patients who have undergone laminectomy.
Efficient Preparation of Medium Ring Oxygen Heterocycles. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.