gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrolyte Optimization of a Substituted-LiCo<sub>1-x</sub>Fe<sub>x</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> Cathode (2014)

Lithium cobalt phosphate (LiCoPO 4 ) is an attractive cathode material due to its high discharge potential (4.8 V vs. Li/Li + ) and specific capacity (167 mAh g -1 ), resulting in an impressive specific energy of ~802 Wh kg -1 . The development of LCP has proven difficult owing to the instability of the electrode and the tendency of the electrolyte to perpetually decompose (oxidize), leading to a highly resistive passivation layer. In this report, a substituted lithium cobalt iron phosphate (s-LiCo 1-x Fe x PO 4 or s-LCFP) cathode material was tested with various solvents and additives to find an optimized electrolyte that limits electrode polarization and improves cycle life. The s-LCFP cathode performed best with a 1M LiPF 6 solution of EC/EMC (3/7 wt%) with 2% of additive ARL1. Comparing ARL1 to the baseline electrolyte, the fade rate was reduced from 0.014% per cycle to 0.005% per cycle and the shift in charge voltage (due to polarization) was reduced from 39mV to 19mV through 50 cycles.
The Costs and Benefits of Nutrient Reduction Programs (2018)

IN THE fall of 1997, the Mississippi River/Gulf of Mexico Watershed Nutrient Task Force was established to better understand and address hypoxia concerns in the Gulf of Mexico. The task force includes representatives from numerous state and federal agencies including the US Army Corps of Engineers, USDA, the US Department of Commerce, US Department of Interior, US Fish and Wildlife Service, EPA, and the National Tribal Water Council. In 2008, the Task Force released an action plan outlining a national strategy to tackle recurrent hypoxic conditions in the Northern Gulf of Mexico and improve water quality in the Mississippi River Basin (Gulf Hypoxia Action Plan 2008). The report suggests that at least a 45 percent reduction in riverine total nitrogen and phosphorus is needed in order to control the size of the hypoxic zone in the Gulf of Mexico. Complementary efforts by EPA have encouraged individual states to establish frameworks to reduce nutrient pollution in their states (US EPA 2011; 2016). The EPA underscores that nitrogen and phosphorus pollution could become “one of the costliest and the most challenging environmental problems [in the United States].”
Creatine Kinase as an Indicator for Hysterectomy in Postpartum Endomyometritis due to Group A Streptococci: A Hypothesis Illustrated by a Case Report (2011)

Decisions regarding hysterectomy in STSS management are difficult. A rise in CK levels in the serum may indicate involvement of the myometrium and may be an important parameter in the difficult decision of hysterectomy when treating STSS.
Aqueous Cr (VI) removal by Friedel's salt adsorbent prepared from calcium aluminate-rich cementitious materials (2015)

This research paper investigated a novel absorbent of calcium aluminate-rich cementitious materials (Friedel's salt adsorbent, FA) for aqueous hexavalent chromium (VI) removal. The adsorption kinetics showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of FA were 3.36, 14.66, and 26.17 mg/g when the initial Cr(VI) concentration was 10, 50, and 100 mg/L, respectively. The adsorption fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting the important roles of intercalation in the adsorption process with increasing Cr(VI) concentrations. This Friedel's salt adsorbent is suggested as an adaptive and effective adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal in contaminated groundwater.
Performance improvement of weakly supervised fully convolutional networks by skip connections for brain structure segmentation (2021)

This paper investigated which skip connection architectures were effective for multiclass brain segmentation from sparse annotation. Consequently, using vertical skip connections with horizontal skip connections allowed FCNs to improve segmentation performance.
Polyamide Synthesis from 6‐Aminocapronitrile, Part 2: Heterogeneously Catalyzed Nitrile Hydrolysis with Consecutive Amine Amidation (2007)

To test the potential of heterogeneous catalysts for the nylon-6 synthesis from 6-aminocapronitrile, a number of zeolites, aluminum silicate, and metal oxides were tested as catalysts for the model reaction of pentanenitrile with water and hexylamine to N-hexylpentanamide. All zeolitic and aluminum silicate systems showed an insufficient performance, while the metal oxides (TiO(2), ZrO(2), Nb(2)O(5)) showed very promising results. The kinetic behavior of the metal oxides was further investigated. First the nitrile was catalytically hydrolyzed to the terminal amide and subsequently the amidation of the hexylamine occurred. To polymerize 6-aminocapronitrile into nylon-6, more than 99 % nitrile conversion was required to obtain a high-molecular-weight polymer. Pentanenitrile conversions larger than 99 % can be obtained within six hours, at 230 degrees C, by using ZrO(2) as the catalyst. A kinetic study (by using IR spectroscopy) on the behavior of the metal oxides demonstrated that the adsorbed nitrile was catalytically hydrolyzed at the surface, but remained tightly bound to the surface. Zirconia-catalyzed polymerizations of 6-amino-capronitrile demonstrated that high-molecular-weight nylon-6 is feasible by using this route.
LASER INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY OF SOME ORGANIC AND BIOMOLECULES (2003)

Author Institution: Diagnostic, Instrumentation and Analysis Laboratory Mississippi State University
A Coalescent Model of Recombination Hotspots (2003)

Recent experimental findings suggest that the assumption of a homogeneous recombination rate along the human genome is too naive. These findings point to block-structured recombination rates; certain regions (called hotspots) are more prone than other regions to recombination. In this report a coalescent model incorporating hotspot or block-structured recombination is developed and investigated analytically as well as by simulation. Our main results can be summarized as follows: (1) The expected number of recombination events is much lower in a model with pure hotspot recombination than in a model with pure homogeneous recombination, (2) hotspots give rise to large variation in recombination rates along the genome as well as in the number of historical recombination events, and (3) the size of a (nonrecombining) block in the hotspot model is likely to be overestimated grossly when estimated from SNP data. The results are discussed with reference to the current debate about block-structured recombination and, in addition, the results are compared to genome-wide variation in recombination rates. A number of new analytical results about the model are derived.
Joint associations of pregnancy complications and postpartum maternal renal biomarkers with severe cardiovascular morbidities: A US racially diverse prospective birth cohort study (2023)

What is new?Maternal postpartum elevated levels of cystatin C are independently associated with higher risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) later in life.Maternal pregnancy complications coupled with postpartum elevated levels of cystatin C synergistically increased future risk of CVD.What are the clinical implications?These findings, if further confirmed, suggest that women with pregnancy complications and elevated postpartum cystatin C may be at particular high risk for CVD later in life compared to women without these risk factors.
MicroRNAs 106b and 222 Improve Hyperglycemia in a Mouse Model of Insulin-Deficient Diabetes via Pancreatic β-Cell Proliferation (2016)

Major symptoms of diabetes mellitus manifest, once pancreatic β-cell numbers have become inadequate. Although natural regeneration of β-cells after injury is very limited, bone marrow (BM) transplantation (BMT) promotes their regeneration through undetermined mechanism(s) involving inter-cellular (BM cell-to-β-cell) crosstalk. We found that two microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to BMT-induced β-cell regeneration. Screening murine miRNAs in serum exosomes after BMT revealed 42 miRNAs to be increased. Two of these miRNAs (miR-106b-5p and miR-222-3p) were shown to be secreted by BM cells and increased in pancreatic islet cells after BMT. Treatment with the corresponding anti-miRNAs inhibited BMT-induced β-cell regeneration. Furthermore, intravenous administration of the corresponding miRNA mimics promoted post-injury β-cell proliferation through Cip/Kip family down-regulation, thereby ameliorating hyperglycemia in mice with insulin-deficient diabetes. Thus, these identified miRNAs may lead to the development of therapeutic strategies for diabetes.
Theoretical Efficiency of a Microfabricated Knudsen Pump (2008)

This paper describes the derivation of the maximum theoretical efficiency for a Knudsen pump. The Knudsen pump functions on the principle of thermal transpiration in rarified gas conditions. The pump requires only a temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet to operate. The rarified gas conditions are established by having the pump channel's characteristic dimensions, i.e. the diameter or height, smaller than the mean free path of the gas being pumped. The efficiency is shown to follow all of the trends imposed by the principle of thermal transpiration. The maximum obtainable efficiency for any gas approaches the ratio of the ideal gas constant divided by the specific heat capacity, which is achieved at a very high temperature ratio.
Timing and mechanistic implications of regiospecific carbonyl oxygen isotope exchange during vitamin B12 biosynthesis (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTiming and mechanistic implications of regiospecific carbonyl oxygen isotope exchange during vitamin B12 biosynthesisA. Ian Scott, Neal J. Stolowich, Barbara P. Atshaves, Peter Karuso, Martin J. Warren, Howard J. Williams, Masahiro Kajiwara, Katsuyuki Kurumaya, and Takeo OkazakiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 26, 9891–9893Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00026a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00026a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Image Thresholding Using Ant Colony Optimization (2006)

This study is an investigation of the application of ant colony optimization to image thresholding. This paper presents an approach where one ant is assigned to each pixel of an image and then moves around the image seeking low grayscale regions. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ant-based method performs better than other two established thresholding algorithms. Further work must be conducted to optimize the algorithm parameters, improve the analysis of the pheromone data and reduce computation time. However, the study indicates that an ant-based approach has the potential of becoming an established image thresholding technique.
EWS and FUS bind a subset of transcribed genes encoding proteins enriched in RNA regulatory functions (2015)

The presented results yield new insights into gene interactions of EWS and FUS and have identified a set of FUS and EWS target genes involved in pathways at the RNA regulatory level with potential to mediate normal and disease-associated functions of the FUS and EWS proteins.
Leveraging multi-channel x-ray detector technology to improve quality metrics for industrial and security applications (2017)

Sandia National Laboratories has recently developed the capability to acquire multi-channel radio- graphs for multiple research and development applications in industry and security. This capability allows for the acquisition of x-ray radiographs or sinogram data to be acquired at up to 300 keV with up to 128 channels per pixel. This work will investigate whether multiple quality metrics for computed tomography can actually benefit from binned projection data compared to traditionally acquired grayscale sinogram data. Features and metrics to be evaluated include the ability to dis- tinguish between two different materials with similar absorption properties, artifact reduction, and signal-to-noise for both raw data and reconstructed volumetric data. The impact of this technology to non-destructive evaluation, national security, and industry is wide-ranging and has to potential to improve upon many inspection methods such as dual-energy methods, material identification, object segmentation, and computer vision on radiographs.
Peptide‐modified methacrylated glycol chitosan hydrogels as a cell‐viability supporting pro‐angiogenic cell delivery platform for human adipose‐derived stem/stromal cells (2018)

Cell-based therapies involving the injection of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) within rationally designed biomaterials are a promising approach for stimulating angiogenesis. With this focus, the current work explored the effects of incorporating integrin-binding RGD or IKVAV peptides within in situ-gelling N-methacrylate glycol chitosan (MGC) hydrogels on the response of encapsulated human ASCs. Initial studies focused on hydrogel characterization to validate that the MGC, MGC-RGD, and MGC-IKVAV hydrogels had similar biomechanical properties. ASC viability following encapsulation and culture under 2% O2 was significantly impaired in the MGC-IKVAV group relative to the MGC and MGC-RGD groups. In contrast, sustained viability, along with enhanced cell spreading and metabolic activity were observed in the MGC-RGD group. Investigation of angiogenic transcription suggested that the incorporation of the peptide groups did not substantially alter the pro-angiogenic gene expression profile of the encapsulated ASCs after 7 days of culture under 2% O2. Consistent with the in vitro findings, preliminary in vivo characterization following subcutaneous implantation into NOD/SCID mice showed that ASC retention was enhanced in the MGC-RGD hydrogels relative to the MGC-IKVAV group at 14 days. Further, the encapsulated ASCs in the MGC and MGC-RGD groups promoted murine CD31<sup>+</sup> endothelial cell recruitment to the peri-implant region. Overall, the results indicate that the MGC-RGD and MGC hydrogels are promising platforms for ASC delivery, and suggest that strategies that support long-term ASC viability can augment in vivo angiogenesis through paracrine mechanisms. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 571-585, 2019.
Composition of essential oil of leaves and fruits of green strawberry (Fragaria viridis Weston) growing wild in Northern Kazakhstan (2019)

Fragaria viridis Weston essential oils from leaves and fruits were obtained by hydrodistillation. The composition of the essential oil from leaves and fruits was analyzed by GC-MS. 39 components were identified in leaves oil representing 67.3-80.7% of the oil composition. The main components of the essential oil from leaves of F. viridis Weston were β-linalool (0.8-8.9%), n-nonanal (0.5-8.6%), tetradecanal (2.1-5.9%), nerolidol (2.1-4.8%), an unidentified component (1.9-6.6%), α-bisabolol (0.8-6.7%), phytol (18.4-47.4%), an unidentified component (0.9-8.2%) depending on the growth conditions. The fruit oil was composed of 34 compounds representing 42.0-70.7% of the total composition of the oil. The main components of the essential oil from fruits of F. viridis Weston were m/p-xylene (2.4-14.0%), isoledene (4.7-8.5%), methyleugenol (3.3-8.4%), α-cedrene (2.5-3.9%), an unidentified component (3.4-9.1%), α-muurolene (6.8-11.3%), nerolidol (1.1-4.8%), α-cedrol (1.7-8.0%), α-bisabolol (2.3-5.0%), an unidentified component (0-25.6%) depending on the growth conditions. This is the first report of the chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the leaves and fruits of green strawberry (Fragaria viridis Weston).
Finding Emergent Patterns of Behaviors in Dynamic Heterogeneous Social Networks (2019)

The search in graph databases for individuals or entities undertaking latent or emergent behaviors has applicability in the areas of homeland security, consumer analytics, behavioral health, and cybersecurity. In this setting, even partial matches to hypothesized indicators are worthy of further investigation, and analysts in these domains aim to identify and maintain awareness of entities that either fully or partially match the queried attributes over time. We provide a comprehensive version of a graph pattern matching technique called Investigative Search for Graph Trajectories (INSiGHT) to find emergent patterns of behaviors in networks and tailor the application to detecting radicalization in the homeland security domain. To enable analysts' accounting of recurring behavioral indicators and the recency of behaviors as the imminence of a threat, we provide parameterized methods to score multiple occurrences of indicators and to dampen the significance of indicators over time, respectively. Additionally, we provide an indicator categorization scheme and a match filtering technique to ensure that partial matches to the most salient indicators are identified while reducing the number of false positives. Furthermore, since individuals may be radicalized in small groups or be involved in collective terrorist plots, we introduce a non-combinatorial neighborhood matching technique that enables analysts to use INSiGHT to identify potential query matches from clusters of individuals who may be operating in conspiracies. We demonstrate the performance of our approach using a synthetic radicalization data set and a large, real-world data set of the BlogCatalog social network.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Pressure NMR Kinetics. Part 89. Nuclear and Electronic Relaxation of Eu<sup>2+</sup><sub>(aq)</sub>: An Extremely Labile Aqua Ion. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
AL cardiac amyloidosis and arterial thromboembolic events (2005)

We report on an unusual frequency of ATEE among patients with AL cardiac amyloidosis. Despite its theoretical risks, anticoagulation should be discussed for patients with amyloid cardiomyopathy.
Path Integral Methods with Stochastic Control Barrier Functions (2022)

Safe control designs for robotic systems remain challenging because of the difficulties of explicitly solving optimal control with nonlinear dynamics perturbed by stochastic noise. However, recent technological advances in computing devices enable online optimization or sampling-based methods to solve control problems. For example, Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) have been proposed to numerically solve convex optimization problems that ensure the control input to stay in the safe set. Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control uses forward sampling of stochastic differential equations to solve optimal control problems online. Both control algorithms are widely used for nonlinear systems because they avoid calculating the derivatives of the nonlinear dynamic functions. In this paper, we use Stochastic Control Barrier Functions (SCBFs) constraints to limit sample regions in the sampling-based algorithm, ensuring safety in a probabilistic sense and improving sample efficiency with a stochastic differential equation. We also show that our algorithm needs fewer samples than the original MPPI algorithm does by providing a sampling complexity analysis.
Control of hemopoietic cell proliferation and differentiation. (1981)

Hemopoietic populations offer by far the best available model systems for analyzing many aspects of the fundamental mechanisms controlling cell proliferation and differentiation. Semisolid cloning systems of high plating efficiency exist for normal and leukemic hemopoietic populations, and in these culture systems both proliferation and differentiation occur under defined culture conditions. Furthermore, the various differentiated end cells differ so extremely in morphology, membrane markers, and functional activity that a wide variety of parameters is available for monitoring differentiation. For the erythroid and granulocyte-macrophage systems, specific progenitor cells can be stimulated to generate large clones of differentiating progeny using the purified glycoprotein regulators erythropoietin, GM-CSF, and M-CSF. Exploitation of these systems will provide information on the events leading to proliferation and differentiation that should have general relevance for many other cell systems.
Contra Akkreditierung: „Akademische Selbstbestimmung wieder in die eigene Hand“ (2017)

Abstract Die Chemieausbildung in Deutschland hat sich international einen exzellenten Ruf erarbeitet, findet Peter Schreiner. Von Programmakkreditierung erwartet er keinen Zusatznutzen.
Cellular Uptake and Photocytotoxicity of Glycoconjugated Porphyrins in HeLa Cells (2004)

Thirty-two glycoconjugated porphyrins were synthesized by a modification of Lindsey method in the presence of Zn(OAc)(2).2H(2)O as a template. The Zn(2+) ion template strategy improved the yield about three-fold in the case of meta-substituted tetraphenylporphyrins. In addition, free-base porphyrins were obtained almost quantitatively by demetalation with 4 M HCl. Sixteen deacetylated glycoconjugated porphyrins were tested as candidate photodynamic therapy (PDT) drugs using HeLa cells. Most of the deacetylated glycoconjugated porphyrins showed higher cellular uptake than tetraphenylporphyrin tetrasulfonic acid (TPPS), and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[4-(beta-D-arabinopyranosyloxy)phenyl]porphyrin (p-5d) in particular showed 18.5-fold higher uptake than TPPS. The photocytotoxicity of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[4-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)phenyl]porphyrin (p-5a), p-5d and TPPS was examined with HeLa cells, using a light dose of 16 J/cm(2). These photosensitizers had no cytotoxicity in the dark, but their photocytotoxicity increased in the order of TPPS < p-5a < p-5d. These results suggest p-5d is a good candidate for a PDT drug.