gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Daunomycin and silicone oil in treatment of proliferative vitreoretinopathy]. (1991)

We describe the long-term results after treatment of 68 eyes in advanced stages of proliferative vitreoretinopathy with vitrectomy, daunomycin perfusion, and silicone oil injection. Six reoperations were performed. After 18 months, 73% of the eyes showed no signs of retinal detachment and 89% had a visual acuity greater than 20/800. These results are better than those reported in previously published studies. Whether this improvement is due to the daunomycin treatment or to more aggressive surgical techniques, such as retinotomies, remains to be answered by a randomized trial.
On the capacity of a communication system with energy harvesting and a limited battery (2013)

We consider the problem of determining the capacity of an energy-harvesting transmitter with finite battery communicating over a discrete memoryless channel. When the battery is unlimited, or zero, the capacity has been determined, but it remains unknown for a finite non-zero battery. In this paper we assume that the harvested energy at each time, the total battery storage, and the transmitter signal energy at each time can be quantized to the same unit (i.e., the same energy interval). Under this assumption, we show that the capacity can be described using the Verdú-Han general framework. If we further assume that the transmitted symbol at each time depends only on the energy currently available, and not on the entire past history of energy harvests and symbols transmitted, then we show that the system reduces to a finite state channel (FSC) with the required ergodic and Markov properties so that lower bounds on the capacity can be readily numerically computed. We conjecture that our numerical bounds are tight. Our numerical results indicate that even the minimal possible battery storage can reap a significant fraction of the infinite battery capacity.
Concept Modelling Techniques for the Development of a Novel Energy Harvesting Device for Car Suspension Systems (2012)

status: Published
Immunogenicity and Stability of Lyophilized Platelets for Transfusion Medicine (2002)

Abstract : This project was focused on further development of our technique to stabilize platelets with light fixation and then freeze-dry for long term storage. The stabilization conditions have been well-established as optimized and now the whole process has been scaled up to produce full transfusion doses for use in animal studies or for other preclinical work in the pursuit of an IND with the FDA. The specific aims were directed at investigating the ability of rehydrated lyophilized platelets (RLP) to mount an activation response, to interact with fresh platelets and thereby boost functionality, to generate a near-normal clot signature in vitro, and to restore hemostasis in swine receiving a wash-out' with an artificial hemoglobin solution. In addition, the immunogenicity of canine platelet freeze-dried preparations was tested with multiple infusions in recipient animals. The results demonstrated phosphorylation and other activation-related activities in RLP upon stimulation with physiologic agonists, enhanced adhesion to thrombogenic surfaces in the presence of a small number of fresh platelets, and effective hemostatic activity in the Clot Signature Analyzer in vitro and in the washout swine model in vivo, with very good tolerance of repeated RLP infusions. These findings support the notion that RLP should proceed to an FDA application for clinical trials.
The Application of Conical and HL Spray System in the Research of Diesel Homogenous Premixed Combustion (2004)

In homogeneous premixed combustion, the early injection premixture preparation should apply low impingement and good atomization injector. With the application of the low-penetration injectors-conical spray injector and HL spray injector, the mixture preparation in diesel engine is well prepared. The characteristics of the premixed combustion of the conical spray premixture are studied. With the purpose of testing the HL spray injector's capability in dual modal diesel engine, the comparison experiments of HL spray and hole type spray combustion were carried out. The experiments prove the competence of HL spray injector in dual mode diesel engine.
Biomass-Derived Platform Chemicals: Thermodynamic Studies on the Extraction of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from Ionic Liquids (2012)

Activity coefficients at infinite dilution, γi∞, of 13 solutes such as alkanes, alkenes, alkylbenzenes, alcohols, esters, and ethers in six 1,3-dialkylimidazolium- or tetraalkylphosphonium-based ionic liquids have been determined by gas chromatography using the ionic liquids as the stationary phase. Furthermore, the solubility of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in these solutes and the solubility of the solutes in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methanesulfonate ([C4mim][CH3SO3]) was assessed. The combination of these data allowed for the interpretation of prevailing interactions on molecular level and resulted in the hypothesis that an ideal extracting agent must feature hydrogen bond acceptor properties to obtain high extraction efficiencies of hydrogen bond donor molecules such as HMF from this ionic liquid. Extraction data obtained using the thus proposed extracting agents demonstrated that this hypothesis was correct and can in future be transposed to other separation problems. In the case of a multifunctional molecule such as HMF, extraction efficiencies are however in general low and can only be little improved by removing other potential interaction sites from the ionic liquid’s cation: hence, in the N-ethyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium analogue [C2C1pyr][CH3SO3], π–π-interactions between cation and HMF cannot form, which increases the extraction efficiency somewhat.
Structural model of cytochrome <i>b</i> <sub>559</sub> in photosystem II based on a mutant with genetically fused subunits (1997)

Photosystem II is a reaction center protein complex located in photosynthetic membranes of plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Using light energy, photosystem II catalyzes the oxidation of water and the reduction of plastoquinone, resulting in the release of molecular oxygen. A key component of photosystem II is cytochrome b559, a membrane-embedded heme protein with an unknown function. The cytochrome is unusual in that a heme links two separate polypeptide subunits, alpha and beta, either as a heterodimer (alphabeta) or as two homodimers (alpha2 and beta2). To determine the structural organization of cytochrome b559 in the membrane, we used site-directed mutagenesis to fuse the coding regions of the two respective genes in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. In this construction, the C terminus of the alpha subunit (9 kDa) is attached to the N terminus of the beta subunit (5 kDa) to form a 14-kDa alphabeta fusion protein that is predicted to have two membrane-spanning alpha-helices with antiparallel orientations. Cells containing the alphabeta fusion protein grow photoautotrophically and assemble functional photosystem II complexes. Optical spectroscopy shows that the alphabeta fusion protein binds heme and is incorporated into photosystem II. These data support a structural model of cytochrome b559 in which one heme is coordinated to an alpha2 homodimer and a second heme is coordinated to a beta2 homodimer. In this model, each photosystem II complex contains two cytochrome b559 hemes, with the alpha2 heme located near the stromal side of the membrane and the beta2 heme located near the lumenal side.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Lewis Acid Catalyzed Tropone [6 + 4] Cycloadditions to the Synthesis of the Core of CP‐225,917. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Forecasting the Macroeconomy (2005)

This article examines Treasury's macroeconomic forecasting performance over the period from 1989-90 to 2003-04, with a focus on forecasts of nominal and real GDP, the GDP deflator, the unemployment rate, and CPI inflation.
Gamma-ray mutagen sensitivity and survival in patients with glioma. (1998)

Despite advances in treatment of brain tumors, cerebral malignant gliomas are rapidly debilitating with poor survival. Patient age and tumor histology are known to influence survival in glioma patients, but these factors do not account for all of the variability in survival time. To identify additional useful predictors, we tested an assay that measures intrinsic gamma-ray mutagen sensitivity. Our hypothesis was that increased sensitivity of peripheral blood lymphocytes to chromatid breaks is associated with tumor aggressiveness and decreased patient survival. The eligible 76 patients were those with histologically confirmed malignant gliomas, seen at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center between 1994 and 1997, for whom we had sufficient blood for the in vitro gamma-radiation assay. After gamma-irradiation of each subject's lymphocytes, the frank chromatid breaks in 50 metaphases were averaged to calculate breaks/cell. On the basis of our patient series, we established a gamma-ray mutagen sensitivity cutoff point of 0.55 breaks/cell that was confirmed by bootstrap resampling techniques. Patients with values >0.55 breaks/cell were considered sensitive. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards modeling were used for the analysis. The gamma-ray mutagen-sensitive patients had worse survival than the nonsensitive patients, with an unadjusted hazard rate ratio of 1.6 (95% confidence interval, 0.9-2.8; P = 0.15). After adjustment for age, tumor histology, and extent of surgical resection, the hazard rate ratio was 2.4 (95% confidence interval, 1.3-4.6; P = 0.0081). Our data suggest that gamma-ray mutagen sensitivity is a prognostic indicator of survival in glioma patients. The significance of these findings needs to be verified in studies with larger samples of patients with histologically similar gliomas.
Experimental investigations on different insulating liquids and mixtures for power transformers (2005)

This paper presents a comparison between mineral, ester and silicone oils, and mixtures with mineral oil based on their mean properties, namely the heat transfer, the dielectric strength, the aging stability and the electrostatic charging tendency (ECT), in order to select the most appropriate one for power transformers. The heat transfer is studied by means of kinematic viscosity. The measurements of breakdown voltage are achieved according to IEC 60156 specifications and analyzed by Gaussian's statistics method. The results of aging tests in temperature and in contact with atmosphere as well as the ECT versus the oil humidity and resistivity are also presented.
Residential transactive control demonstration (2014)

Arguably the most exciting aspect of the smart grid vision is the full participation of end-use resources with all forms of generation and energy storage in the reliable and efficient operation of an electric power system. Engaging all of these resources in a collaborative manner that respects the objectives of each resource, is sensitive to the system and local constraints of electricity flow, and scales to the large number of devices and systems participating is a grand challenge. Distributed decision-making system approaches have been presented and experimentation is underway. This paper reports on the preliminary findings of a residential demand response demonstration that uses the bidding transactions of supply and end-use air conditioning resources communicating with a real-time, 5 minute market to balance the various needs of the participants on a distribution feeder. The nature of the demonstration, the value streams being explored, and the operational scenarios implemented to characterize the system response are summarized along with preliminary findings.
Cheat detection and prevention in P2P MOGs (2011)

Scalability and fairness are keys to the success of massively multi-player on-line games. The first is necessary for the technical viability of the game while the latter is required for the wide adoption by players. Although they achieve better scalability, peer-to-peer games are more prone to cheating as players have access to and manipulate sensitive game data [2]. While in centralized games cheat detection and prevention can be achieved by having the server verify the players' actions and reduce the information sent to players to the minimal amount required to render the game world, in decentralized games, it is more difficult as natural trade-offs between respon siveness, scalability, verification and information disclosure appear together with the issues of trust and collusion.
Structure specific analysis of the hippocampus in temporal lobe epilepsy (2009)

The hippocampus is a major structure of interest affected by temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Region of interest (ROI)-based analysis has traditionally been used to study hippocampal involvement in TLE, although spatial variation of structural and functional pathology have been known to exist within the ROI. In this article, structure-specific analysis (Yushkevich et al. (2007) Neuroimage 35:1516-1530) is applied to the study of both structure and function in TLE patients. This methodology takes into account information about the spatial correspondence of voxels within ROIs on left and right sides of the same subject as well as between subjects. Hippocampal thickness is studied as a measure of structural integrity, and functional activation in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment in which subjects performed a memory encoding task is studied as a measure of functional integrity. Pronounced disease-related decrease in thickness is found in posterior and anterior hippocampus. A region in the body also shows increased thickness in patients' healthy hippocampi compared with controls. Functional activation in diseased hippocampi is reduced in the body region compared to controls, whereas a region in the tail showing greater right-lateralized activation in controls also shows greater activation in healthy hippocampi compared with the diseased side in patients. Summary measurements generated by integrating quantities of interest over the entire hippocampus can also be used, as is done in conventional ROI analysis.
On the efficiency of PAPR reduction schemes deployed for DRM systems (2016)

Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) is the universally, openly standardized digital broadcasting system for all frequencies including LW, MW, and SW as well as VHF bands. Alongside providing high audio quality to listeners, DRM satisfies technological requirements posed by broadcasters, manufacturers and regulatory authorities and thus bears a great potential for the future of global radio. One of the key issues here concerns green broadcasting. Facing the need for high-power transmitters to cover wide areas, there is room for improvement concerning the power efficiency of DRM-transmitters. A major drawback of DRM is its high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) due to the applied transmission technology based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), which results in non-linearities in the emitted signal, low power efficiency, and high costs of transmitters. To overcome this, numerous schemes have been investigated for reducing PAPR in OFDM systems. In this paper, we review and analyze various technologies to reduce PAPR providing that the technical feasibility and DRM-specific system architecture and edge conditions regarding the system performance in terms of modulation error rate, compliance with frequency mask, and synchronization efficiency are ensured. All evaluations are carried out with I/Q signals which are monitored in real operation to present the actual performance of proposed PAPR techniques. Subsequently, the capability of the best approach is evaluated via measurements on a DRM test platform, where achieved transmit power gain of 10 dB is shown. According to our evaluation results, PAPR reduction schemes based on active constellation extension followed by a filter prove to be promising towards practical realization of power-efficient transmitters.
A New Process for Production of Oxygen from Lunar Minerals (1995)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The carbothermal reduction of ilmenite and iron- bearing silicates are important in the manufacture of steel and perhaps for manufacture of oxygen on the moon. Oxygen recovery from ilmenite and iron silicates is of interest because of the abundance of such minerals on the lunar surface and the relative ease of their reductions. A novel carbothermal reduction process is developed for the reduction of these minerals.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This presentation summarizes an experimental study of the carbothermal reduction of ilmenite and iron-bearing silicates at temperatures between 850°C and 1100°C. Extremely high reduction rates are observed and investigated for carbothermal reduction of ilmenite by using deposited carbon. These results are compared to previous kinetics studies with regards to the different activation energy values reported. Fayalite, the iron end member of the olivine series(Fe,Mg)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;SiO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, is initially reduced into a intermediate Fe&lt;sub&gt;2-x&lt;/sub&gt;SiO&lt;sub&gt;4-y&lt;/sub&gt; and Fe; At low temperatures(below 1000°C), the major reduction products are α-Quartz and Fe, but at higher temperatures (above 1100°C), the major products are α-Cristoblite and Fe. The iron formed during the reduction is segregated from the SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; phase. This is different from hydrogen reduction which results in iron distribution throughout the SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; phase.&lt;/div&gt;
Synthesis, Characterization and Antiviral Properties of Pd(II) Complexes With Penciclovir (2001)

With the aim to improve and extend the antiviral activity of the antiherpic drug penciclovir, to a wider spectrum of viruses, we have synthesized and characterized new binary and ternary complexes of Pd(II) of formulae cis-(pen)(2)PdCl(2) and cis,[(nucl)(2)Pd(pen)(2)]Cl(2), where nucl = guanosine, inosine, cytidine or penciclovir. The characterization was mainly based on IR and (1)H NMR spectroscopy, and the results showed that in all prepared complexes, penciclovir coordinates to the metal through N7. The far-i.r. spectrum of the complex cis-(pen)(2)PdCl(2) confirmed the cis- geometry around Pd(II). All the prepared complexes were markedly active against HSV-1 and HSV-2 strains, but not against thymidine kinase-deficient HSV-1 strains.
[Antitumor effects of sulindac in ovarian cell cultures]. (2011)

Our results are encourage enough to conduct clinical trials that could allow to draw conclusions regarding potential application of sulindac in the adjuvant treatment of a standard chemotherapy of ovarian cancer.
Integrated self-management for future radio access networks: Vision and key challenges (2013)

Future radio access networks will require new self-management solutions to handle the increasing operational complexity caused by multi-technology and multi-layer deployments. Current networks already include stand-alone SON (Self-Organizing Networks) solutions, but these are not sufficient to properly handle the networks of tomorrow. In this paper, we highlight the key challenges for such self-management solutions based on our research and extensive feedback from several major operators. Based on these challenges we present a set of relevant use cases to validate future solutions and discuss our vision for a unified management framework, which integrates the existing and future advanced SON functions across several radio access technologies. It comprises (i) an integrated SON management system, in charge of policy transformation/supervision and conflict detection/handling; (ii) advanced multi-RAT/layer SON functions; and (iii) a Decision Support System providing measurement-based assistance for residual operational tasks, such as timely recommendations for targeted new site deployments. © 2013 Authors.
Comprehensive analysis of peptides and low molecular weight components of the giant ant <i>Dinoponera quadriceps</i> venom (2020)

Ants (Hymenoptera, Apocrita, Aculeata, Formicoidea) comprise a well-succeeded group of animals. Like bees and wasps, ants are mostly venomous, having a sting system to deliver a mixture of bioactive organic compounds and peptides. The predatory giant ant Dinoponera quadriceps belongs to the subfamily Ponerinae that includes one of the largest known ant species in the world. In the present study, low molecular weight compounds and peptides were identified by online peptide mass fingerprint. These include neuroactive biogenic amines (histamine, tyramine, and dopamine), monoamine alkaloid (phenethylamine), free amino acids (e.g. glutamic acid and proline), free thymidine, and cytosine. To the best of our knowledge, most of these components are described for the first time in an ant venom. Multifunctional dinoponeratoxin peptide variants (pilosulin- and ponericin-like peptides) were characterized that possess antimicrobial, hemolytic, and histamine-releasing properties. These venom components, particularly peptides, might synergistically contribute to the overall venom activity and toxicity, for immobilizing live prey, and for defending D. quadriceps against aggressors, predators, and potential microbial infection.
Sub-wavelength plasmonic-enhanced phase-change memory (2020)

The Ge2Sb2Te5 phase-change alloy (GST) is known for its dramatic complex refractive index (and electrical) contrast between its amorphous and crystalline phases. Switching between such phases is also non-volatile and can be achieved on the nanosecond timescale. The combination of GST with the widespread SiN integrated optical waveguide platform led to the proposal of the all-optical integrated phase-change memory, which exploits the interaction of the guided mode evanescent field with a thin layer of GST on the waveguide top surface. The relative simplicity of the architecture allows for its flexible application for data storage, logic gating, arithmetic and neuromorphic computing. Read operation relies on the transmitted signal optical attenuation, due to the GST extinction coefficient. Write/erase operations are performed via the same optical path, with a higher power ad-hoc pulsing scheme, which locally increases the temperature and triggers either the melt-quench process (write) or recrystallization (erase), encoding the information into the GST crystal fraction. Here we investigate the physical mechanisms involved in the write/erase and read processes via computational methods, with the view to explore novel architecture concepts that improve memory speed, energy efficiency and density. We show the achievements of the development of a 3D simulation framework, performing self-consistent calculations for wavepropagation, heat diffusion and phase-transition processes. We illustrate a viable memory optimization route, which adopts sub-wavelength plasmonic dimer nanoantenna structures to harvest the optical energy and maximize light-matter interaction. We calculate both a speed and energy efficiency improvement of around one order of magnitude, with respect to the conventional (non-plasmonic) device architecture.