gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Run-away electron preionized diffuse discharge as a source of efficient laser emission in the IR, UV, VUV (2017)

REP DD was suggested as an excitation source of various gas lasers. The efficient lasing was obtained in the IR, UV, and VUV spectral ranges. The ultimate intrinsic efficiency of non-chain chemical lasers on HF(DF) molecules was achieved. REP DD pumped N2 laser with an ultimate electrical efficiency of 0.2% was developed. Lasing on N2 molecules with 2 or 3 peaks in successive REP DD current oscillations was obtained for the first time. The laser action on F2* at 157 nm and rare gas fluorides (KrF*, XeF*) under REP DD pumping was obtained for the first time, as well. It has been shown that the volume stage of REP DD in mixtures with fluorine can last over 50 ns during several current half-cycles. Therewith, the efficiency and the pulse duration of lasers on rare gas fluorides and VUV F2* laser parameters under REP DD excitation are comparable with those obtained in suitable transverse discharges. The results allow the conclusion that the REP DD homogeneity in mixtures with F2 and SF6 is high enough for attaining high laser efficiency.
GradTail: Learning Long-Tailed Data Using Gradient-based Sample Weighting (2022)

We propose GradTail, an algorithm that uses gradients to improve model performance on the fly in the face of long-tailed training data distributions. Unlike conventional long-tail classifiers which operate on converged - and possibly overfit - models, we demonstrate that an approach based on gradient dot product agreement can isolate long-tailed data early on during model training and improve performance by dynamically picking higher sample weights for that data. We show that such upweighting leads to model improvements for both classification and regression models, the latter of which are relatively unexplored in the long-tail literature, and that the long-tail examples found by gradient alignment are consistent with our semantic expectations.
Psychologic and physiologic reactivity to stressors in eating disordered individuals. (1988)

The present study explored a potential mechanism for the relationship between stressors and binge eating: specifically, whether subjects with behaviors and attitudes reflecting disordered eating show distinctive psychologic or physiologic reactivity to stressors. Female undergraduates participated in a laboratory study involving four psychologically stressful tasks. Blood pressure and pulse rate were monitored, and several psychologic questionnaires were administered. Analyses revealed that the tasks provoked significant cardiovascular and affective responses in both high- and low-disordered eaters. There were no differences between groups in cardiovascular responsivity or mood state in response to diverse stressors. However, those with more disordered eating reported an increased desire to binge in response to the stressors, along with more global stress, lower self-esteem, and lower mastery than the comparison group. The results suggest that the increased desire to binge in response to stressors reported by subjects higher in disordered eating cannot be accounted for by differences in cardiovascular reactivity or negative hedonic state, relative to what subjects low in disordered eating showed in response to the same stressors.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Crizotinib Inhibits Metabolic Inactivation of Gemcitabine in c-Met–driven Pancreatic Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 353K, BLI quantification of tumor growth and survival analysis in PDAC-1/2/3/4-FM-GC mouse models.&lt;/p&gt;
Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery versus total laparoscopic colorectal resections: does age matter? (2014)

Mohammed Ilyas, Mohammed Iyoob MBBS; Chong, Hoong-Yin MD; da Silva, Giovanna M. MD, FACS; Weiss, Eric A. MD, FACS; Wexner, Steven D. MD, PHD, FACS, FRCS, FRCS(ED) Author Information
A self-aligned lateral bipolar transistor realized on SIMOX-material (1993)

Lateral bipolar transistors, compatible with a CMOS process on SOI, have been fabricated on high quality SIMOX material. A self-aligned nitride spacer technique is used for base width definition and for emitter alignment. Current gains of 40 and high collector-emitter breakdown voltages have been obtained for transistors with base widths of 4000 AA.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> mutants altered in homologous recombination (1997)

Homologous recombination contributes both to the generation of allelic diversity and to the preservation of genetic information. In plants, a lack of suitable experimental material has prevented studies of the regulatory and enzymatic aspects of recombination in somatic and meiotic cells. We have isolated nine Arabidopsis thaliana mutants hypersensitive to x-ray irradiation (xrs) and examined their recombination properties. For the three xrs loci described here, single recessive mutations were found to confer simultaneous hypersensitivities to the DNA-damaging chemicals mitomycin C (MMCs) and/or methyl methanesulfonate (MMSs) and alterations in homologous recombination. Mutant xrs9 (Xrays, MMSs) is reduced in both somatic and meiotic recombination and resembles yeast mutants of the rad52 epistatic group. xrs11 (Xrays, MMCs) is deficient in the x-ray-mediated stimulation of homologous recombination in somatic cells in a manner suggesting a specific signaling defect. xrs4 (Xrays, MMSs, MMCs) has a significant deficiency in somatic recombination, but this is accompanied by meiotic hyper-recombination. A corresponding phenotype has not been reported in other systems and thus this indicates a novel, plant-specific regulatory circuit linking mitotic and meiotic recombination.
Single-source-precursor synthesis of dense SiC/HfC<sub>x</sub>N<sub>1−x</sub>-based ultrahigh-temperature ceramic nanocomposites (2014)

A novel single-source precursor was synthesized by the reaction of an allyl hydrido polycarbosilane (SMP10) and tetrakis(dimethylamido)hafnium(iv) (TDMAH) for the purpose of preparing dense monolithic SiC/HfC(x)N(1-x)-based ultrahigh temperature ceramic nanocomposites. The materials obtained at different stages of the synthesis process were characterized via Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) as well as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The polymer-to-ceramic transformation was investigated by means of MAS NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy as well as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) coupled with in situ mass spectrometry. Moreover, the microstructural evolution of the synthesized SiHfCN-based ceramics annealed at different temperatures ranging from 1300 °C to 1800 °C was characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Based on its high temperature behavior, the amorphous SiHfCN-based ceramic powder was used to prepare monolithic SiC/HfC(x)N(1-x)-based nanocomposites using the spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. The results showed that dense monolithic SiC/HfC(x)N(1-x)-based nanocomposites with low open porosity (0.74 vol%) can be prepared successfully from single-source precursors. The average grain size of both HfC0.83N0.17 and SiC phases was found to be less than 100 nm after SPS processing owing to a unique microstructure: HfC0.83N0.17 grains were embedded homogeneously in a β-SiC matrix and encapsulated by in situ formed carbon layers which acted as a diffusion barrier to suppress grain growth. The segregated Hf-carbonitride grains significantly influenced the electrical conductivity of the SPS processed monolithic samples. While Hf-free polymer-derived SiC showed an electrical conductivity of ca. 1.8 S cm(-1), the electrical conductivity of the Hf-containing material was analyzed to be ca. 136.2 S cm(-1).
Extraction from Food and Natural Products by Moderate Electric Field: Mechanisms, Benefits, and Potential Industrial Applications (2018)

Several extraction techniques have been proposed recently as the food industry is seeking alternatives to tedious classical methods. Moderate electric field (MEF) extraction at low and high temperatures offers several advantages such as enhancing product quantity and quality as well as saving time and energy. This method has gained interest as a preferred extraction technique among researchers. This review is devoted to introducing the principles, mechanisms, and recent progress in the MEF extraction technique. The parameters influencing MEF treatment are also discussed and performances are compared to conventional extraction methods. Considerations for industrial development of MEF as well as its drawbacks are also discussed. MEF extraction is applicable to a wide range of food materials and offers several benefits such as reducing extraction time and energy and also enhancing the extract's quality and yield. Optimizing process parameters, such as treatment time and temperature, electric field intensity, and frequency, along with raw material selection and preparation can boost the performance of a MEF system. Further investigations on safety and sustainability of this novel technique are required prior to commercial applications.
Efficient optical cloud removal technique for earth observation based on MOEMs device (2017)

In Earth Observation instruments, observation of scenes including bright sources leads to an important degradation of the recorded signal. We propose a new concept to remove dynamically the bright sources and then obtain a field of view with an optically enhanced Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MOEMS) could be key components in future generation of space instruments. MOEMS-based programmable slit masks will permit the straylight control in future Earth Observation instruments. Experimental demonstration of this concept has been conducted on a dedicated bench. This successful first demonstration shows the high potential of this new concept in future spectro-imager for Earth Observation.
Single Spatial-Mode Room-Temperature-Operated 3.0 to 3.4 micrometer Diode Lasers (2010)

Compact, highly efficient, 3.0 to 3.4 m light emitters are in demand for spectroscopic analysis and identification of chemical substances (including methane and formaldehyde), infrared countermeasures technologies, and development of advanced infrared scene projectors. The need for these light emitters can be currently addressed either by bulky solid-state light emitters with limited power conversion efficiency, or cooled Interband Cascade (IC) semiconductor lasers. Researchers here have developed a breakthrough approach to fabrication of diode mid-IR lasers that have several advantages over IC lasers used for the Mars 2009 mission. This breakthrough is due to a novel design utilizing the strain-engineered quantum-well (QW) active region and quinternary barriers, and due to optimization of device material composition and growth conditions (growth temperatures and rates). However, in their present form, these GaSb-based laser diodes cannot be directly used as a part of sensor systems. The device spectrum is too broad to perform spectroscopic analysis of gas species, and operating currents and voltages are too high. In the current work, the emitters were fabricated as narrow-ridge waveguide index-guided lasers rather than broad stripe-gain guided multimode Fabry-Perot (FP) lasers as was done previously. These narrow-ridge waveguide mid-IR lasers exhibit much lower power consumptions, and can operate in a single spatial mode that is necessary for demonstration of single-mode distributed feedback (DBF) devices for spectroscopic applications. These lasers will enable a new generation of compact, tunable diode laser spectrometers with lower power consumption, reduced complexity, and significantly reduced development costs. These lasers can be used for the detection of HCN, C2H2, methane, and ethane.
Inflammatory signaling as a therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer‐induced bone pain. (2013)

Many common cancers, including breast, prostate, lung and kidney, have a high propensity for bone metastasis; for breast cancer, 70% of malignancies will metastasize to bone, resulting in debilitating pain and bone destruction in 75–95% of patients. Despite the prevalence of bone pain in cancer patients, the specific causes and therapeutic targets for managing bone pain are poorly understood. Breast cancer metastasis to bone results in a proinflammatory shift in the bone‐tumor microenvironment. Here we hypothesize that breast cancer‐induced bone metastasis elicits pain by the actions of pro‐inflammatory mediators at their receptors on nociceptive neurons in the bone and periosteum. In the following work, we utilize an in vivo model of breast cancer‐induced bone pain that results in both spontaneous and evoked pain behaviors. Initial studies determined that the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐6) and chemokines (chemokine C‐C motif ligands 2 and 3) are enhanced in tumor‐bearing bone, but not the contralateral bone or serum. mRNA quantitation of bone marrow extrudate corroborated these findings. The attenuation of bone‐derived inflammatory mediators by cannabinoid‐receptor 2 agonists, which produce inflammatory suppression of immune cells, was associated with decreases in evoked and spontaneous pain behaviors. Furthermore, we demonstrate in vitro that inflammatory mediators are constitutively produced by a murine breast cancer cell line. Cannabinoid receptor‐2 agonists attenuated not only the production of cytokines and chemokines by cancer cells, but also attenuated interleukin‐6 or tumor necrosis factor α‐induced proliferation. The results of these data suggest that tumor‐derived inflammatory mediators may drive bone cancer pain. Targeting the inflammatory component of metastatic bone pain provides a novel therapy for pain management in breast cancer‐induced bone pain.
Chronic Exposure to External Low-Dose Gamma Radiation Induces an Increase in Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidative Parameters Resulting in Atherosclerotic Plaque Size Reduction in ApoE<sup>–/–</sup>Mice (2017)

Populations living in radiation-contaminated territories, such as Chernobyl and Fukushima, are chronically exposed to external gamma radiation and internal radionuclide contamination due to the large amount of <sup>137</sup>Cs released in the environment. The effect of chronic low-dose exposure on the development of cardiovascular diseases remains unclear. Previously reported studies have shown that low-dose radiation exposure could lead to discrepancies according to dose rate. In this study, we examined the effect of very low-dose and dose-rate chronic external exposure on atherosclerosis development. ApoE<sup>-/-</sup> mice were chronically irradiated with a gamma source for 8 months at two different dose rates, 12 and 28 μGy/h, equivalent to dose rates measured in contaminated territories, with a cumulative dose of 67 and 157 mGy, respectively. We evaluated plaque size and phenotype, inflammatory profile and oxidative stress status. The results of this study showed a decrease in plaque sizes and an increase in collagen content in ApoE<sup>-/-</sup> mice exposed to 28 μGy/h for 8 months compared to nonexposed animals. The plaque phenotype was associated with an increase in anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative gene expression. These results suggest that chronic low-dose gamma irradiation induces an upregulation of organism defenses leading to a decrease in inflammation and plaque size. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the possible effect of chronic external very low-dose ionizing radiation exposure for 8 months. This work could help to identify the potential existence of a dose threshold, below that which harmful effects are not exhibited and beneficial effects are potentially observed. Furthermore, these findings permit consideration of the importance of dose rate in radiation protection.
Activation of Hydrogen Peroxide through Hydrogen-Bonding Interaction with Acidic Alcohols:  Epoxidation of Alkenes in Phenol (2003)

[reaction: see text] Electrophilic activation of hydrogen peroxide can be achieved in acidic alcohol solvents without the need for a metal catalyst. This concept is illustrated by the epoxidation of alkenes with H(2)O(2) employing phenol as a solvent. It is proposed that intermolecular hydrogen bonding between H(2)O(2) and phenol activates H(2)O(2) for oxygen-atom transfer. In this interaction, the role of phenol is purely catalytic.
Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in selected U.S. drinking waters and their raw water sources (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in selected U.S. drinking waters and their raw water sourcesDipak K. Basu and Jitendra SaxenaCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1978, 12, 7, 795–798Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1978https://doi.org/10.1021/es60143a002RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views119Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (450 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
On the link between energy performance of building and thermal comfort: An example (2019)

This paper investigates the relationship between Indoor Environmental Quality index (IEQ): thermal comfort index and indoor temperature trend in moderate thermal environments, in buildings that belong to the Class A with reference to the Energy Performance of Building Directive (EPBD). The work consists of the measurement of IAQ and energy efficiency in a residential building located in centre-north of Italy, namely Ravenna. The results of the measurements, as well as the PMV-PPD indexes, are presented and commented. These indexes could be a criteria to test if EPBD labelling building could be coherent with EN 15251 requirements.
Molecular chaperones in protein folding in the cell (2000)

Conference Abstract| June 01 2000 Molecular chaperones in protein folding in the cell S. Teter; S. Teter 1Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18A, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar W.A. Houry; W.A. Houry 1Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18A, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar F.U. Hartl F.U. Hartl 1Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18A, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (2000) 28 (3): A51. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a051a Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation S. Teter, W.A. Houry, F.U. Hartl; Molecular chaperones in protein folding in the cell. Biochem Soc Trans 1 June 2000; 28 (3): A51. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a051a Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2000 Biochemical Society2000 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer in Lithuania : incidence and serological characteristics (2007)

Medicinos Akademija (MA)
Coronary Artery Spasm and the Polymorphisms of the Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene (2006)

Background Coronary artery spasm plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vasospastic angina, and contributes to the development of several acute coronary syndromes. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) catalyzes the synthesis of nitric oxide, which regulates vascular tone, and may be related to coronary vasospasm. The present study investigated whether coronary spasm is related to particular polymorphisms of the ecNOS gene. Methods and Results Spasm provocation by serial infusions of acetylcholine was performed on 165 patients who were clinically suspected of having angina. In both study patients and healthy controls (n=400), genomic polymorphisms of the ecNOS gene were determined by using polymerase chain reaction. Quantitative luminal diameter measurements of the 3 major coronary arteries were initially obtained before and after acetylcholine injection, and then after isosorbide dinitrate injection, by using a computer-assisted analysis system. Logistic multiple regression analysis identified the a/a or a/b genotype in intron 4 of ecNOS (NOS4a: p=0.0431, odds ratio (OR) 2.43) and diabetes mellitus (p=0.0060, OR 4.88) as significant predictors of coronary spasm. In the patients with NOS4a, both the induced and spontaneous contractions were augmented. Conclusion The present study results indicated that NOS4a could be a good marker for coronary artery spasm. (Circ J 2006; 70: 409 - 413)
Regenerative cooling capacity of hydrogenated carene under supercritical environment (2022)

The thermal cracking characteristic of an in-house prepared plant-derived hydrogenated carene (H-Carene) fuel is examined above its critical temperature and pressure. The experiments were performed for a wide range of temperatures between 450°C and 650°C at 40 bar pressure in a tubular flow reactor. At 650°C and 40 bar pressure, the conversion of the H-Carene fuel is about 40%, and the estimated value of chemical heat sink capacity is 488 kJ/kg of fuel. The aptness of triethylamine (TEA) as an initiator to improve the heat sink capacity of the H-Carene fuel is also examined. The investigation showed that the initiator improved the fuel conversion and endothermicity. The endothermic heat sink capacity of the H-Carene increased by about 28% at 650°C with 5% (by weight) of TEA. It is noted that the sensitivity of temperature on the coke formation rate is higher than the initiator sensitivity for a similar range of the conversion change. The thermal cracking of H-Carene follows a first-order kinetic model, and the estimated value of the apparent activation energy of the H-Carene cracking reaction is about 95 kJ/mol. The work shows that the heat sink capability of the plant-derived H-Carene fuel is comparable with JP-7, a petroleum-derived fuel. Novelty Statement The manuscript presented the cracking characteristics of hydrogenated carene under supercritical conditions emphasizing various features like detailed characterization, feed conversion, product distribution, cooling capacities, coke deposition rate, cracking kinetics, and so on. It also highlighted the suitability of an amine-based initiator to enhance the endothermicity of the fuel. The study is unique and not found in any article which addressed the above aspects altogether.