gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metformin inhibits inflammatory signals in the gut by controlling AMPK and p38 MAP kinase activation (2018)

Metformin, a hypoglycemic drug used for treatment of type 2 diabetes, regulates inflammatory pathways. By using several models of intestinal inflammation, we examined whether metformin exerts anti-inflammatory effects and investigated the basic mechanism by which metformin blocks pathologic signals. Colitic mice given metformin exhibited less colonic inflammation and increased expression of active AMP-activated protein kinase, a mediator of the metabolic effects of metformin, in both epithelial and lamina propria compartments. Pharmacological inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase reduced but did not prevent metformin-induced therapeutic effect as well as treatment of colitic mice with a pharmacological activator of AMP-activated protein kinase attenuated but did not resolve colitis. These data suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of metformin relies on the control of additional pathways other than AMP-activated protein kinase. Indeed, metformin down-regulated p38 MAP kinase activation in colitic mice through an AMP-activated protein kinase-independent mechanism. Expression of active form of AMP-activated protein kinase was reduced in inflammatory bowel disease patients and treatment of mucosal cells of such patients with metformin enhanced AMP-activated protein kinase activation and reduced p38 MAP kinase activation, thereby inhibiting interleukin-6 expression. Our findings indicate that metformin is a good candidate for inhibiting pathological inflammation in the gut.
Supercritical-Fluid-Aided Preparation of Aerogels and Their Characterization (1995)

Gels of inorganic oxides (NiO/Al2O3 gels), prepared by the sol-gel method, are dried using supercritical solvent extraction and supercritical drying to obtain aerogel catalysts as porous powder. The supercritical extraction is carried out at several temperature and pressures of carbon dioxide. In supercritical drying of the solvent indigenous to the gel (alcohol), inert and solvating gases, (nitrogen and carbon dioxide) are used to pressurize the system to a value above the critical pressure of the fluid mixture. The effect of the solvent power of carbon dioxide is investigated at different temperatures. Gels are also dried in air and under vacuum in order to compare chemical and physical properties of xerogels with those of aerogels. Pore structure of the xerogel and aerogel catalysts is determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ni/Al ratio of the catalysts is determined using electron disperse spectroscopy (EDS).
A Robustness Analysis of Game-Theoretic CDMA Power Control (2004)

This paper studies robustness of a gradient-type CDMA uplink power control algorithm with respect to disturbances and time-delays. This problem is of practical importance because unmodeled secondary interference effects from neighboring cells play the role of disturbances, and propagation delays are ubiquitous in wireless data networks. We first show Lp-stability, for p \\in [1,\\infity], with respect to additive disturbances. We pursue L\\infity-stability within the input-to-state stability (ISS) framework of Sontag [7], which makes explicit the vanishing effect of the initial conditions. Next, using the ISS property and a loop transformation, we prove that global asymptotic stability is preserved for sufficiently small time-delays in forward and return channels. For larger delays, we achieve global asymptotic stability by scaling down the step-size in the gradient algorithm.
Convertisseur intégré pour les applications réseaux de micro convertisseurs (2012)

National audience
Identify opportunities to improve the EHR experience (2022)

Take these 10 actionable steps to enhance your use of this valuable tool.
AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma is a clonal neoplasm. (1995)

Kaposi's sarcoma is generally believed to be a non-neoplastic hyperproliferation because it may regress spontaneously and its spindle cells lack features of typical tumor cells, such as aneuploidy, nuclear atypia, and permissive growth in cell culture. A fundamental characteristic of neoplasms is clonality, in that they arise from clonal replication of a single cell whereas reactive processes are derived from polyclonal proliferation. We used an X chromosome inactivation assay to determine the clonality of Kaposi's sarcoma nodules from patients with AIDS-related disease. The assay is based on a methyl-sensitive restriction digest followed by PCR amplification of the highly polymorphic androgen receptor gene. Two of three evaluable cases had a monoclonal pattern of inactivation, and the third case had a clonal expansion of cells with an altered microsatellite repeat sequence. These data suggest that Kaposi's sarcoma (at least in the AIDS setting) is a clonal neoplasm.
Benign Focal Epileptiform Discharges of Childhood and Hippocampal Sclerosis (2004)

These cases illustrate the need for more extensive study of children with BFEDCs when medical intractability and seizure symptoms speak against a simple diagnosis of benign focal epilepsy of childhood. In addition, we observed that the BFEDCs in two of our children had an unusual bilateral occipitofrontal distribution, and we speculate that the coexistence of the BFEDCs in children with HS may not be an incidental finding.
Reactivity of Aromatic Radical Cations. Rate Constants for Reactions of 9-Phenyl- and 9,10-Diphenylanthracene Radical Cations with Acyclic Amines (1994)

Peer reviewed: Yes
ESTScan: a program for detecting, evaluating, and reconstructing potential coding regions in EST sequences. (1999)

One of the problems associated with the large-scale analysis of unannotated, low quality EST sequences is the detection of coding regions and the correction of frameshift errors that they often contain. We introduce a new type of hidden Markov model that explicitly deals with the possibility of errors in the sequence to analyze, and incorporates a method for correcting these errors. This model was implemented in an efficient and robust program, ESTScan. We show that ESTScan can detect and extract coding regions from low-quality sequences with high selectivity and sensitivity, and is able to accurately correct frameshift errors. In the framework of genome sequencing projects, ESTScan could become a very useful tool for gene discovery, for quality control, and for the assembly of contigs representing the coding regions of genes.
Hydraulic Fracturing Optimization Restores Development Prospectives in the Challenging Environment of Rostashinskoe Oilfield, Orenburg Region (2014)

Abstract Orenburg region is a part of the Volga-Urals basin and it is represents the most difficulty for development and simulation. The Rostashinskoe is one of the fields of the Pervomaysky group and it is developing since 80th of the XX century. Main producing horizons of the field are Devonian age formations: Afoninsky (DV), Vorobievsky (DIV) and Ardatovsky (DIII) formations. Uniqueness of the Pervomaysky reservoir is very light oil with portion of light weight hydrocarbons (65-70%). Oil traps of the Pervomaysky region Devonian formations are normally formed by one side faulting mechanism. Whole area of these oilfields is now covered by 3D seismic indicating traps relations to a series of regional faults scattered from east to the west. Apart from main regional faults Pervomaisky fields have quite a big number of smaller low-amplitude faults, both conductive and sealed. Presence of this faults significantly inputs into field development strategy. DIII formation of Rostashinskoe field is represented by two sandstone sub layers DIII-1 and DIII-2. Big number of faults and pinch out zones are establishing high degree of formation heterogeneity both vertically and laterally across the field. As a consequence of heterogeneity Rostashinskoe has a lot of difficulties with proper water flood and fracturing modelling in field development cycle. As a result, reserves are being recovered unequally across the field. First trials of hydraulic fracturing on the oilfield starting from 2004 were unsuccessful with a huge number of difficulties such as: high fracturing treating pressure, large number of screen outs and finally difficulties with frac fluid flow back and well kick off up to full absence of inflow from the well. In order to investigate difficulties with flow back and fast production decline core analysis have been performed including mineralogical composition and core flow testing with fracturing fluid and it’s influence on core permeability. It was demonstrated that Rostashinskoe cores have problems with clay migration and wettability change. Based on performed core testing new clay stabilizer and surfactant has been suggested for fracturing fluid. Optimizations of fracturing fluid has led to significant improvement of final productivity results after fracturing and basically have proven efficiency of hydraulic fracturing for the Rostashinskoe field conditions. In 2010-2013 over 60 fracturing jobs performed on the Rostashinskoe oilfield. Corrections to candidate selection and frac design best practice has been made both taking into account well potential and current reserves recovery of DIII formation. Success of the modified fracturing design has allowed to return the Rostashinskoe oilfield into active drilling program due to increased production, decreased production decline rate and finally better reserves recovery allowing to talk about "second live" of the Rostashinskoe oilfield.
Studies on thermal degradation of synthetic polymers. XV. Estimation of the product yield on the basis of intensity function for thermal gasification of isotactic and atactic polypropylenes (1981)

Abstract The kinetic equation for the pyrolysis gasification reaction of isotactic and atactic polypropylenes has been established. The difference in tacticity of the samples does not much affect the kinetic parameters. The exponent a of the intensity function I F = T δ a (K·sec a ), concerning the severity of decomposition conditions, has been approximated as 0.039 (isotactic) and 0.040 (atactic), respectively from the kinetic parameters in this experiment. The calculated values of the product yield from Arrhenius equations, k = 2.0 × 10 10 exp(−40.9 × 10 3 / RI F ) (isotactic) and k = 1.2 × 10 10 exp(–41.4 × 10 3 / RI F ) (atactic), for the I F standard agree with the experimental values.
Adsorption of Ions to the Surface of Dilute Electrolyte Solutions:  The Jones−Ray Effect Revisited (2005)

The controversial observation of a minimum in the surface tension of dilute aqueous electrolyte solutions by Jones and Ray in the 1930s is confirmed by new resonance-enhanced second harmonic generation (SHG) experiments demonstrating surface enhancement of simple inorganic anions in the same concentration range. New experiments show that the quadruply charged ferrocyanide, Fe(CN)(6)(4-), anion is not surface active at high concentrations, as expected, but at dilute concentrations, the anion is strongly attracted to the interface with a Gibbs free energy of adsorption of -6.8 kcal/mol. Using this value, the original Jones and Ray data are fit to a simple model of the surface tension with qualitative agreement, although better agreement is found for all 13 Jones and Ray salts with an even stronger surface adsorption.
Direct Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanopowders by the Combustion Approach:  Reaction Mechanism and Properties (2004)

Solution combustion synthesis of different oxides involves a self-sustained reaction between an oxidizer (e.g., metal nitrate) and a fuel (e.g., glycine, hydrazine). The mechanism of synthesis for three major iron oxide phases, i.e., α- and γ-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4, using the combustion approach and a combination of simple precursors such as iron nitrate and oxalate, as well as different fuels, is investigated. Based on the obtained fundamental knowledge, for the first time in the literature, the above powders with well-crystalline structures and surface areas in the range 50−175 m2/g are produced using a single approach while simultaneously avoiding additional calcination procedures. It is also shown that utilizing complex fuels and complex oxidizers is an attractive methodology to control the product composition and properties.
Self-Collection of Foam Nasal Swabs for Respiratory Virus Detection by PCR among Immunocompetent Subjects and Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients (2012)

Self-collected foam nasal swabs (NS) obtained after instillation of saline spray were compared with nasal washes from immunocompetent subjects during 146 upper respiratory infections (URIs); the sensitivities for reverse transcription (RT)-PCR respiratory virus detection were 95% and 88%, respectively (P = 0.06). The sensitivities from NS collected with and without saline spray during 142 URIs from immunocompetent subjects were 96% and 86% (P = 0.004), respectively, and those from 140 URI samples from hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients were 88% and 85% (P = 0.56), respectively.
Nanotechnologies and global survival (2012)

The rapid development of science and technology from the mid-20th century, on one hand, and increasing world population as well as decreasing of natural resources on the other has raised the risk of escalating social conflicts. Regarding this facts, it is inevitable to admit that the future of mankind lies in acceptable moral and social implementation of this technologies. Having that in mind, many questions have been generated about responsible applications of nanotechnologies: about the positive and negative effects of their usage, about patterns of their socio-spatial distribution both at global and national level, about economic development of states who use those technologies, and their possible effect of individual health and biosphere preservation. Regarding those questions, it is necessary to use knowledge of nature science as well as knowledge of philosophy, sociology, etc., in order to analyze the level of development and life conditions in human communities and differentiate between ?mere?, ?miserable?, ?idealistic?, ?irresponsible? and ?acceptable? survival. Starting from sociological context and following Potter?s concepts, this article argues for the concept of consurvivality that is durable, acceptable, sustainable, realistic and global.
Investigation of three interferometric techniques for detection of surface flaws in elastomers (2003)

Non-destructive testing of rubber by optical means presents a challenge because rubber has different mechanical properties from conventional solids when subjected to stress. The size of flaws introduced in rubber during the manufacturing process is an important characteristic as they increase the stress in the specimen when it is in use. The use of electronic speckle pattern interferometry, electronic speckle pattern shearing interferometry and white light interferometry for non-destructive material characterization of rubber is presented. It is shown that electronic speckle pattern shearing interferometry can be of some use for visualization of flaws on the rubber surface under thermal stress. White light interferometry gives a complete profiling of the elastomer surface and it is only one of the three interferometric techniques for measuring flaws on the rubber surface.
Integrated profiling of cell surface protein and nuclear marker for discriminant analysis (2008)

Cell membrane proteins play an important role in tissue architecture and cell-cell communication. We hypothesize that segmentation and multivariate characterization of the distribution of cell membrane proteins, on a cell-cell basis, enable improved classification of treatment groups and identify important characteristics that can otherwise be hidden. We have developed a series of computational steps to (i) delineate cell membrane protein signals and associate them with specific nuclei, (ii) compute a coupled representation of the multiplexed DNA content with membrane proteins and other end points, (iii) evaluate computed features associated with such a multivariate representation, and (iv) discriminate between treatment groups in an optimal fashion. The novelty of our method is in the segmentation of the membrane signal and the multivariate representation of phenotypes on a cell-cell basis. To test the utility of the new method, the proposed computational steps were applied to images of cells that have been irradiated with different radiation qualities in the presence and absence of TGFbeta. These samples are labeled for their DNA content and E-cadherin membrane protein. We demonstrate that multivariate representation of cell-cell phenotypes improves predictive and visualization capabilities among different treatment groups, and increases quantitative sensitivity of cellular responses.
Enantioselective Total Syntheses of Ircinal A and Related Manzamine Alkaloids (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTEnantioselective Total Syntheses of Ircinal A and Related Manzamine AlkaloidsStephen F. Martin, John M. Humphrey, Amjad Ali, and Michael C. HillierView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 4, 866–867Publication Date (Web):January 15, 1999Publication History Received14 August 1998Published online15 January 1999Published inissue 1 February 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9829259https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9829259rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4331Altmetric-Citations149LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Enantioselective synthesis,Materials,Metathesis,Organic compounds Get e-Alerts
DNA Targeting as a Likely Mechanism Underlying the Antibacterial Activity of Synthetic Bis-Indole Antibiotics (2016)

We previously reported the synthesis and biological activity of a series of cationic bis-indoles with potent, broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. Here, we describe mechanism of action studies to test the hypothesis that these compounds bind to DNA and that this target plays an important role in their antibacterial outcome. The results reported here indicate that the bis-indoles bind selectively to DNA at A/T-rich sites, which is correlated with the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis in representative Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) organisms. Further, exposure of E. coli and S. aureus to representative bis-indoles resulted in induction of the DNA damage-inducible SOS response. In addition, the bis-indoles were found to be potent inhibitors of cell wall biosynthesis; however, they do not induce the cell wall stress stimulon in S. aureus, suggesting that this pathway is inhibited by an indirect mechanism. In light of these findings, the most likely basis for the observed activities of these compounds is their ability to bind to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and other secondary effects.
Mechanism of Actions of Non Peptide Antigens Activating Human V&amp;#947;9 / V&amp;#948;2 T Lymphocytes and their Potential Use for Immunointervention (2005)

Human Vγ9 / Vδ2 are a subset of γδ T cells present only in non human primates and humans that have potent in vitro activities both on mycobacteria infected cells and on different cancer cell types. Their hallmark is that they are selectively activated by non peptidic ligands that are in most instances phosphorylated. These phosphorylated compounds (also referred to as phosphoantigens) directly trigger Vγ9 / Vδ2 T cell receptor-expressing cells, without need for MHCrestricted presentation molecules. Most of the known natural phosphoantigens are of microbial origin, and have been determined as low molecular weight components of a metabolic pathway (DOXP, or non mevalonate) specific for some microorganisms and parasites. This pathway leads to the synthesis of farnesyl and genranyl disphosphate, precursors of sterols. Although the nature of tumor antigens recognized by Vγ9 / Vδ2 T cells is still debated, recent data suggest that these are derived from the mevalonate pathway, which leads in most eukaryotic cells to the same geranyl and farnesyl diphosphate, also precursors of sterols, but also used for the farnesylation of proteins such as ras. The physiological significance of recognition of these metabolites by gd T cells will be discussed. Finally we will review several recent immunotherapeutic approaches targeting Vγ9 / Vδ2 T cells, which rely on the use of several synthetic agonists or pharmacological inhibitors of the mevalonate pathway. Keywords: t cells, phosphoantigens, isoprenoid, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate (doxp).doxp, infection, cancer, mevalonate pathway
Interaction of Combined Nitrogen with the Expression of Root-Associated Nitrogenase Activity in Grasses and with the Development of N<sub>2</sub> Fixation in Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L. Merr.) (1983)

Soluble root N concentrations of corn, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wild rice, and soybeans were determined and related to measurements of nitrogenase activity and changes in availability of combined N to plants. In corn, sorghum, and pearl millet, applications of fertilizer N increased soluble root N concentrations, but root-associated nitrogenase activity was negligible in control and treated plants. Applications of NH(4)NO(3) to rice increased the water soluble root N concentrations and inhibited root-associated nitrogenase activity. In wild rice, root-associated nitrogenase activity was absent during vegetative growth and developed at the reproductive growth stage. The soluble root N concentration decreased progressively as wild rice grew indicating that the availability of combined N in the root environment declined. Therefore, development of nitrogenase activity in wild rice is associated with the change in availability of combined N in the root environment. The development of nitrogenase activity in wild rice was probably not due to colonization of roots by N(2)-fixing bacteria because most probable numbers of recovery did not significantly vary throughout the plants' growth cycle. In field-grown soybeans with or without fertilizer N application, we also observed a relationship between a decrease in soluble root N concentration and the development of nitrogenase activity.