gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engineering High Energy Density Sodium Battery Anodes for Improved Cycling with Superconcentrated Ionic Liquid Electrolytes (2020)

Non-uniform metal deposition and dendrite formation in high density energy storage devices reduces the efficiency, safety, and life of batteries with metal anodes. Superconcentrated ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes (e.g. 1:1 IL:alkali ion) coupled with anode preconditioning at more negative potentials can completely mitigate these issues, and therefore revolutionize high density energy storage devices. However, the mechanisms by which very high salt concentration and preconditioning potential enable uniform metal deposition and prevent dendrite formation at the metal anode during cycling are poorly understood, and therefore not optimized. Here, we use atomic-force microscopy and molecular dynamics simulations to unravel the influence of these factors on the interface chemistry in a sodium electrolyte, demonstrating how a molten salt like structure at the electrode surface results in dendrite free metal cycling at higher rates. Such a structure will support the formation of a more favorable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) accepted as being a critical factor in stable battery cycling. This new understanding will enable engineering of efficient anode electrodes by tuning interfacial nanostructure via salt concentration and high voltage preconditioning.
Three-Dimensional Fiber Segment Orientation Distribution Using X-Ray Microtomography (2014)

The orientation of fibers in assemblies such as nonwovens has a major influence on the anisotropy of properties of the bulk structure and is strongly influenced by the processes used to manufacture the fabric. To build a detailed understanding of a fabric's geometry and architecture it is important that fiber orientation in three dimensions is evaluated since out-of-plane orientations may also contribute to the physical properties of the fabric. In this study, a technique for measuring fiber segment orientation as proposed by Eberhardt and Clarke is implemented and experimentally studied based on analysis of X-ray computed microtomographic data. Fiber segment orientation distributions were extracted from volumetric X-ray microtomography data sets of hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics manufactured from parallel-laid, cross-laid, and air-laid webs. Spherical coordinates represented the orientation of individual fibers. Physical testing of the samples by means of zero-span tensile testing and z-directional tensile testing was employed to compare with the computed results.
MTBF Estimation in Coherent Clock Domains (2013)

Special synchronizers exist for special clock relations such as mesochronous, multi-synchronous and ratiochronous clocks, while variants of N-flip-flop synchronizers are employed when the communicating clocks are asynchronous. N-flip-flop synchronizers are also used in all special cases, at the cost of longer latency than when using specialized synchronizers. The reliability of N-flip-flop synchronizers is expressed by the standard MTBF formula. This paper describes cases of coherent clocks that suffer of a higher failure rate than predicted by the MTBF formula, that formula assumes uniform distribution of data edges across the sampling clock cycle, but coherent clocking leads to drastically different situations. Coherent clocks are defined as derived from a common source, and phase distributions are discussed. The effect of jitter is analyzed, and a new MTBF expression is developed. An optimal condition for maximizing MTBF and a circuit that can adaptively achieve that optimum are described. We show a case study of metastability failure in a real 40nm circuit and describe guidelines used to increase its MTBF based on the rules derived in the paper.
Systemic radioimmunotherapy in synergy with vaccine renders antitumor effects in a preclinical model (2006)

1165 Systemic radiotherapy, the delivery of therapeutic radionucleotides to cancer cells via monoclonal antibodies (Mab), remains an attractive, viable modality for the treatment and management of cancer. It has recently been recognized that sublethal doses of radiation alters the phenotype of the target tissue by up regulating new genes and makes tumor cells more susceptible to T cell mediated immune attack. However, this is not feasible for many metastases. Radiolabeled antibody has been shown to target tumor cells precisely and preferentially. In this report we have demonstrated a therapeutic synergy between radiolabeled antibody administration in combination with vaccine therapy. The model used consisted of mice transgenic for human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and a murine carcinoma cell line transfected with CEA. The vaccine regimen consisted of a prime and boost strategy using vaccinia and fowlpox recombinant vectors expressing CEA and three costimulatory molecules (B7-1, ICAM-1, LFA-3, designated TRICOM). One dose (100 microcurie) of Y-90 labeled COL-1 mAb, specific for CEA, in combination with vaccine therapy was capable of inhibiting 8 day established tumors. IN addition, the combination therapy resulted in a statistically significant increase in survival compared to vaccine or radiotherapy alone. Mice cured of tumors demonstrated CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses not only for CEA but also for other tumor-derived antigens (gp70 and and p53). Overall these results showed that targeted tumor radiation in combination with vaccine promotes effective antitumor response, which may have implications the design of future clinical trials.
Synthesis of Novel 5-Substituted 3-Amino-3,4-dihydro-2<i>H</i>-1-benzopyran Derivatives and Their Interactions with the 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> Receptor (2000)

A series of new enantiomerically pure 3-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyrans (3-aminochromans) has been synthesized from (R)- and (S)-5-methoxy-3-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran. The absolute configuration of the respective (R)- and (S)-enantiomers was deduced from X-ray crystallography of (R)-3-(N-isopropylamino)-5-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran, (R)-9a. Various 5-substituents were introduced via palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of N-substituted 3-amino-5-trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran. The effect of N- and 5-substitution on affinity for the 5-HT1A receptor was evaluated in competition experiments using rat hippocampal membranes and [3H]8-OH-DPAT as radioligand. Selected compounds were also tested for their affinity to the D1 (rat striatum), D2 (rat striatum), D2A (human cloned), and 5-HT2A (rat cortex) receptors. The intrinsic activity of the compounds was evaluated by measuring their effect on VIP-stimulated cAMP production in GH4ZD10 cells stably transfected with the 5-HT1A receptor. High-affinity compounds with high selectivity for the 5-HT1A receptor were found among structures substituted with carboxylate esters, amides, and ketones in the 5-position. Primary and secondary amines bound with lower affinity than tertiary amines. Larger substituents were well-tolerated by the receptor, but the smaller N-ethyl-N-isopropyl bound with lower affinity. Generally, the (R)-enantiomers displayed higher affinity for the 5-HT1A receptor than the corresponding (S)-enantiomers. In the present series of compounds, both full and partial agonists were found.
Standards-Based Automated Remediation: A Remediation Manager Reference Implementation (2011)

This report describes the Software Engineering Institute's work in calendar year 2010 for the National Security Agency Computer Network Defense Research and Technology Program Management Office to develop standards for remediation of vulnerabilities and compliance issues on Department of Defense (DoD) networked systems. The overall goals are to assist in the development of remediation standards, demonstrate the functionality DoD would like in a remediation manager, and increase efficiency and effectiveness of remediation by automating the remediation process. The 2010 Remediation Manager reference implementation demonstrates the following potential applications of remediation and other security automation standards: (1) Ingest scan findings in Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP) format, extracting host compliance issues (in Common Configuration Enumeration [CCE] format) and vulnerabilities (in Common Vulnerability Enumerations [CVE] format). (2) Map CCE and CVE to remediation actions (in Common Remediation Enumeration [CRE] format). (3) Build remediation tasks in Remediation Tasking Language (RTL), based on CRE. (4) Transmit remediation tasks to a Remediation Tool on a host system. (5) Receive remediation task execution status, in RTL Results Format, from the Remediation Tool. This report identifies capabilities considered for future versions of the reference implementation and the operational system as well as challenges for future work.
Molecular correlates of PD-L1 expression in patients (pts) with gastroesophageal (GE) cancers. (2020)

4558 Background: The increased PD-L1 expression evaluated by combined positive score (CPS) is associated with improved efficacy of immunotherapy in GE cancers. The impact of tumor molecular alterations on PD-L1 expression is still not well-studied. We aimed to characterize specific molecular features of tumors with different CPS levels in GE cancers. Methods: 2,707 GE tumors [1,662 gastric/GE junction adenocarcinoma (GA), 856 esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA), 75 esophageal squamous (ES) and 114 GE unspecified] collected between 2000.8 and 2019.7 were analyzed using NextGen DNA sequencing (NGS), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fragment analysis (FA) (Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ). Tumor mutation burden (TMB) was calculated based on somatic nonsynonymous missense mutations. dMMR/MSI status was evaluated by a combination of IHC, FA and NGS. PD-L1 expression measured by IHC (22c3) was evaluated by CPS scores. Molecular alterations were compared in three groups (CPS ≥ 10, H; CPS = 1~9, M; CPS = 0, L) using Fisher-Exact or Chi-square and adjusted for multiple comparison by Benjamini-Hochberg. Significance was determined by adjusted (adj) p &lt; .05. Results: Overall, CPS-H, M, and L were seen in 18% (n = 494), 28% (n = 765) and 53% (n = 1,448) of GE tumors respectively. CPS-H was the most prevalent in ES (43%) followed by GA (19%) and lowest in EA (14%). Overall, TMB was similar between CPS-L and M, but was significantly increased in H (average TMB = 8.4 vs. 8.6 vs. 11 mt/MB, adj p &lt; .0001); the effect was seen in EA and GA, but not in ES. An overall significant association between MSI/dMMR status and PD-L1 expression levels was seen (2%, 3.2% and 12% in CPS-L, M and H, adj p &lt; .05) in GE tumors; the significance was seen in GA, but not in EA or ES. Amplifications of PD-L1 (H: 1.5%, M: 0.1% and L: 0) and PD-L2 (H: 1.1%, M: 0.1%, L: 0) were the highest in CPS-H, while ASPSCR1 (H: 0, M: 0, L: 1%) and TNFRSF14 (H: 0, M: 0.4, L: 2%) were the lowest (adj p &lt; .01). Genes involved in epigenetic modification (top 5: ARID1A, ASXL1, BCL9, BCOR, CREBBP), MAPK ( KRAS, MAP2K1) and mismatch repair ( MLH1, MSH6) had the highest mutation rates in CPS-H, compared to M and L ( p &lt; .0001). In contrast, CDH1 had higher mutation rates in CPS-L (12%), compared to M and H (5% and 5%) ( p &lt; .0001). Conclusions: This is the largest study to investigate the distinct molecular landscape of pts with different PD-L1 expression levels in GE cancers. Our data may provide novel insights for pt selection (e.g. pts with gene mutations involved in epigenetic modification) and the development of rational combination immunotherapy (e.g. drugs targeting MAPK pathway).
Teratogenic Alleles in Autism and Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders (2008)

Genes for neurodevelopmental disorders have proven difficult to find. In the case of autism, even though a number of genes associated with the disorder have been identified, the cause of the disorder is far from clear. We discuss here a new category of genetic contribution to human disorders, i.e., gene variants (alleles) that act in mothers during pregnancy to contribute to the neurodevelopmental disorder in her offspring. We have termed these maternally acting alleles "teratogenic alleles" because they act in the fetus in a way somewhat analogous to chemical teratogens or drug teratogens ingested by a mother during pregnancy that act to damage her fetus. Although two examples of this mechanism have been known for some time, new examples have been found and since 2003 the number of examples has more than doubled. Even though this number is growing rapidly, the present number, 33, is not large. It is not clear whether this is so because teratogenic alleles are not yet well known and therefore not looked for, whether the possibility of a teratogenic allele is not considered when studies are designed, or whether there are in fact very few teratogenic alleles in comparison with alleles that act in the fetus. All of the teratogenic alleles reported so far have been in neurodevelopmental and developmental disorders. Again it is not clear whether this is simply because these are the disorders that happen to have been studied so far by suitable study designs, or whether teratogenic alleles are actually more commonly encountered in these disorders, perhaps as a regular feature or even as a characteristic feature of these disorders. In autism, some of the brain abnormalities are known to occur very early in pregnancy. A number of teratogenic alleles have already been reported in autism and more will be reported. Demonstration of the action of teratogenic alleles in autism opens up new opportunities for therapy and prevention.
Accuracy about coagulation products (2001)

Journal Article Accuracy about coagulation products Get access Mike Sumner, M.D., M.B.A., Mike Sumner, M.D., M.B.A. Medical Director, North America Aventis Behring L.L.C. 1020 First Avenue P.O. Box 61501 King of Prussia, PA 19406-0901 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tobias Suiter, M.D., Ph.D. Tobias Suiter, M.D., Ph.D. Medical Director, Hemophilia Aventis Behring L.L.C. 1020 First Avenue P.O. Box 61501 King of Prussia, PA 19406-0901 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, Volume 58, Issue 9, 1 May 2001, Pages 811–812, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/58.9.811 Published: 01 May 2001
Editorial: Wearable sensing of movement quality after neurological disorders (2023)

TEST 02 - Elsevier's Scopus, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Search and access research from the science, technology, medicine, social sciences and arts and humanities fields.
Shoulder Pain in the Overhead Throwing Athlete (2009)

Treatment of the overhead throwing athlete is among the more challenging aspects of orthopaedic sports medicine. Awareness and understanding of the throwing motion and the supraphysiologic forces to which the structures of the shoulder are subjected are essential to diagnosis and treatment. Pain and dysfunction in the throwing shoulder may be attributed to numerous etiologies, including scapular dysfunction, intrinsic glenohumeral pathology (capsulolabral structures), extrinsic musculature (rotator cuff), or neurovascular structures. Attention to throwing mechanics and appropriate stretching, strength, and conditioning programs may reduce the risk of injury in this highly demanding activity. Early discovery of symptoms, followed by conservative management with rest and rehabilitation with special attention to retraining mechanics may mitigate the need for surgical intervention. Prevention of injury is always more beneficial to the long-term health of the thrower than is surgical repair. An anatomic approach is used in this report, focusing on common etiologies of pain in the overhead thrower and emphasizing the clinical presentation and treatment.
Systematic comparison of bacterial feeding strains for increased yield of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> males by RNA interference‐induced non‐disjunction (2014)

Rare Caenorhabditis elegans males arise when sex chromosome non-disjunction occurs during meiosis in self-fertilizing hermaphrodites. Non-disjunction is a relatively rare event, and males are typically observed at a frequency of less than one in five hundred wild-type animals. Males are required for genetic crosses and phenotypic analysis, yet current methods to generate large numbers of males can be cumbersome. Here, we identify RNAi reagents (dsRNA-expressing bacteria) with improved effectiveness for eliciting males. Specifically, we used RNAi to systematically reduce the expression of over two hundred genes with meiotic chromosome segregation functions, and we identified a set of RNAi reagents that robustly and reproducibly elicited male progeny.
Role of IL-12 in Intrathymic Negative Selection (1999)

Cytokines are central regulatory elements in peripheral lymphocyte differentiation, but their role in T cell ontogeny is poorly defined. In the present study, we evaluated the role of IL-12 in thymocyte selection more directly by determining its role in two models of in vivo negative selection. In initial studies we demonstrated that abundant intrathymic IL-12 synthesis occurs during OVA peptide-induced negative selection of thymocytes in neonatal OVA-TCR transgenic mice, and such synthesis is associated with increased IL-12R beta2-chain expression as well as STAT4 intracellular signaling. In further studies, we showed that this form of negative selection was occurring at the alphabetaTCRlowCD4lowCD8low stage and was prevented by the coadministration of anti-IL-12. In addition, the IL-12-dependent thymocyte depletion was occurring through an intrathymic apoptosis mechanism, also prevented by administration of anti-IL-12. Finally, we showed that IL-12 p40-/- mice displayed aberrant negative selection of double positive CD4+CD8+ thymocytes when injected with anti-CD3 mAb. These studies suggest that intact intrathymic IL-12 production is necessary for the negative selection of thymocytes occurring in relation to a high "self" Ag load, possible through its ability to induce the thymocyte maturation and cytokine production necessary for such selection.
The PhishBouncer Experience (2009)

This extended abstract summarizes the technical results developed under the PhishBouncer project (October 2005 to May 2007), where the authors collaborated with researchers from Symantec Research Lab (SRL). The goal of this project was to develop middleware-based technology to defend unsuspecting users against Phishing attacks. More specifically, the project explored mechanisms to intercept and inspect HTTP and HTTPS traffic to detect and block interaction with Phish sites, and mechanisms for quickly disseminating the Phishing URL. A part of the work started in this project has continued at SRL under separate funding, that aspect of the work is kept out scope of this paper. The project started out by conceiving a total anti-Phishing solution package, but made technical advances in a number of its separate aspects, such as smart proxy insertion and rapid update dissemination, which transcend the specific problem space.
Extravascular Toxicity of Two Contrast Agents For MR Imaging (1991)

Leder, R. A. MD.; Cohan, R. H. MD; Herzberg, A. J. MD; Hedlund, L. W. PhD; Wheeler, C. T.; Beam, B. S. C.A, PhD; Nadel, S. N. MD; Dunnick, N. R. MD. Author Information
Cysteine cathepsins are altered by flow within an engineered <i>in vitro</i> microvascular niche (2020)

Throughout the process of vascular growth and remodeling, the extracellular matrix (ECM) concurrently undergoes significant changes due to proteolytic activity-regulated by both endothelial and surrounding stromal cells. The role of matrix metalloproteinases has been well-studied in the context of vascular remodeling, but other proteases, such as cysteine cathepsins, could also facilitate ECM remodeling. To investigate cathepsin-mediated proteolysis in vascular ECM remodeling, and to understand the role of shear flow in this process, <i>in vitro</i> microvessels were cultured in previously designed microfluidic chips and assessed by immunostaining, zymography, and western blotting. Primary human vessels (HUVECs and fibroblasts) were conditioned by continuous fluid flow and/or small molecule inhibitors to probe cathepsin expression and activity. Luminal flow (in contrast to static culture) decreases the activity of cathepsins in microvessel systems, despite a total protein increase, due to a concurrent increase in the endogenous inhibitor cystatin C. Observations also demonstrate that cathepsins mostly co-localize with fibroblasts, and that fibrin (the hydrogel substrate) may stabilize cathepsin activity in the system. Inhibitor studies suggest that control over cathepsin-mediated ECM remodeling could contribute to improved maintenance of <i>in vitro</i> microvascular networks; however, further investigation is required. Understanding the role of cathepsin activity in <i>in vitro</i> microvessels and other engineered tissues will be important for future regenerative medicine applications.
Characterization of Spacesuit Associated Microbial Communities and Their Implications for NASA Missions (2021)

The results of this study provide evidence that identical microbial strains may live on the wrist joint, inner gauntlet, and outer gauntlet of spacesuits. This raises the possibility, but does not confirm that microbial contaminants on the outside of the suits could contaminate planetary science operations unless additional measures are taken. Overall, these data provide the first estimate of microbial distribution associated with spacesuit surfaces, which will help future mission planners develop effective planetary protection strategies.
Self Assembly of Nano Metric Metallic Particles for Realization of Photonic and Electronic Nano Transistors (2010)

In this paper, we present the self assembly procedure as well as experimental results of a novel method for constructing well defined arrangements of self assembly metallic nano particles into sophisticated nano structures. The self assembly concept is based on focused ion beam (FIB) technology, where metallic nano particles are self assembled due to implantation of positive gallium ions into the insulating material (e.g., silica as in silicon on insulator wafers) that acts as intermediary layer between the substrate and the negatively charge metallic nanoparticles.
Lowered H3K27me3 and DNA hypomethylation define poorly prognostic pediatric posterior fossa ependymomas (2016)

Childhood posterior fossa (PF) ependymomas cause substantial morbidity and mortality. These tumors lack recurrent genetic mutations, but a subset of these ependymomas exhibits CpG island (CpGi) hypermethylation [PF group A (PFA)], implicating epigenetic alterations in their pathogenesis. Further, histological grade does not reliably predict prognosis, highlighting the importance of developing more robust prognostic markers. We discovered global H3K27me3 reduction in a subset of these tumors (PF-ve ependymomas) analogous to H3K27M mutant gliomas. PF-ve tumors exhibited many clinical and biological similarities with PFA ependymomas. Genomic H3K27me3 distribution showed an inverse relationship with CpGi methylation, suggesting that CpGi hypermethylation drives low H3K27me3 in PF-ve ependymomas. Despite CpGi hypermethylation and global H3K27me3 reduction, these tumors showed DNA hypomethylation in the rest of the genome and exhibited increased H3K27me3 genomic enrichment at limited genomic loci similar to H3K27M mutant gliomas. Combined integrative analysis of PF-ve ependymomas with H3K27M gliomas uncovered common epigenetic deregulation of select factors that control radial glial biology, and PF radial glia in early human development exhibited reduced H3K27me3. Finally, H3K27me3 immunostaining served as a biomarker of poor prognosis and delineated radiologically invasive tumors, suggesting that reduced H3K27me3 may be a prognostic indicator in PF ependymomas.