gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engine Icing Modeling and Simulation (Part I): Ice Crystal Accretion on Compression System Components and Modeling its Effects on Engine Performance (2011)

ABSTRACT During the past two decades the occurrence of ice accretionwithin commercial high bypass aircraft turbine engines undercertain operating conditions has been reported. Numerousengine anomalies have taken place at high altitudes that wereattributed to ice crystal ingestion such as degraded engineperformance, engine roll back, compressor surge and stall,and even flameout of the combustor. As ice crystals areingested into the engine and low pressure compressionsystem, the air temperature increases and a portion of the icemelts allowing the ice-water mixture to stick to the metalsurfaces of the engine core. The focus of this paper is onestimating the effects of ice accretion on the low pressurecompressor, and quantifying its effects on the engine systemthroughout a notional flight trajectory. In this paper it wasnecessary to initially assume a temperature range in whichengine icing would occur. This provided a mechanism tolocate potential component icing sites and allow thecomputational tools to add blockages due to ice accretion in aparametric fashion. Ultimately the location and level ofblockage due to icing would be provided by an ice accretioncode. To proceed, an engine system modeling code and amean line compressor flow analysis code were utilized tocalculate the flow conditions in the fan-core and low pressurecompressor and to identify potential locations within thecompressor where ice may accrete. Note that there is abaseline value of aerodynamic blockage due to low velocityair near the compressor inner and outer walls and bladesurfaces (boundary layer blockage). There is also a blockagedue to the blade metal thickness. In this study, the “additionalblockage” refers to blockage due to the accretion of ice on themetal surfaces. Once the potential locations of ice accretionare identified, the levels of additional blockage due toaccretion were parametrically varied to estimate the effectson the low pressure compressor blade row performanceoperating within the engine system environment. This studyincludes detailed analysis of compressor and engineperformance during cruise and descent operating conditionsat several altitudes within the notional flight trajectory. Thepurpose of this effort is to develop the codes to provide apredictive capability to forecast the onset of engine icingevents, such that they could help in the avoidance of theseevents.It has been reported that ice crystal accretion in gas turbineengines is dependent on the amount of mixed phaseconditions (liquid and solid) that exist. In addition, theproblem of ice accretion is highly multi-disciplinary, since itinvolves heat transfer from the air to the compressor metalsurfaces. The first phase of this study focuses on addressingthe thermodynamic cycle through the engine system code andthe mean line flow analysis through the compressor through aflight trajectory. The second phase of this study focuses on
Reply to ‘‘Comment on ‘Metal-insulator transition in random superconducting networks’ ’’ (1990)

We address the remarks of Domriaanguez, L\'opez, and Simonin [Phys. Rev. B 42, 8665 (1990); preceding paper] on the determination of the normal-to-superconducting (N-S) phase boundary in random superconducting networks. We refute their claims that the disappearance of the fine structure of the N-S boundary and the change of the critical exponent k for the slope of the critical field on (p-${\mathit{p}}_{\mathit{c}}$) are due to the introduction of very weak links between nodes in the superconducting networks.
Growth suppression of a tumorigenic rat liver cell line by the anticancer (2003)

Purpose: This study was undertaken to elucidate the potential mechanism of the antitumor activity of ET-18-O-CH3, a synthetic analogue of lysophosphatidyl choline, and a known antitumor agent and specific inhibitor of phosphoinositide phospholipase C (PI-PLC). Methods: A normal rat liver epithelial ''oval'' cell line (WB-F344) was neoplastically transformed by the H-ras oncogene (WB-ras2) and treated with a series of ET-18- O-CH3 concentrates for a number of days. Cell growth, morphological ''differentiation'', cell cycle regulation, karyotypic changes, growth in soft agar (anchorage-in- dependent growth) and the expression of cdk2, cdc2 and ERK genes were studied to determine the effect of ET-18- O-CH3 on these neoplastic cells. Results: ET-18-O-CH3 at 5 and 10 lg/ml was found to cause an increase in cell size, suppress cell growth, reduce the colony-forming efficiency and inhibit the anchorage-independent growth of the WB-ras2 cells. Significantly, flow-cytometric analysis revealed that while control cells and cells treated with concentrations of ET-18-O-CH3 below 5 lg/ml were diploid, cell populations treated with 5 and 10 lg/ml ET-18-O-CH3 comprised 33-37% diploid cells and over 60% tetraploid cells (4n-8n cycle cells). ET-18-O-CH3 was found to induce aberrant cytokinesis as evidenced by the presence of a high frequency of enlarged cells, which were binucleated or multinucleated and mitotic cells with 4n and 8n numbers of chromosomes. ET-18-O-CH3 was also capable of inhibiting both the expression of cdk2 and cdc2 and the activation of ERK1/2, while no effect was found on the expression of p21 ras. Conclusions: The effect of ET-18-O-CH3 on neoplastically transformed H-ras rat liver cells has been interpreted as the result of an altered phenotype characterized by an enlarged and flattened cell morphology with ploidy changes caused by inhibition of cytokinesis.
SON Coordination in a Unified Management Framework (2013)

The adoption of autonomic features in network management becomes a necessity to cope with the increasing complexity of the telecommunications ecosystem. The purpose of this paper is to present the concept of Unified Management Framework (UMF) developed in the FP7 UniverSelf project. The core of UMF comprises three functional blocks, namely Governance, Coordination and Knowledge which allow to efficiently operate autonomic mechanisms such as SON functionalities in the radio access network. These are denoted as Network Empowerment Mechanisms (NEMs) that, by means of policies, enforce operator business and operation objectives. The paper focuses on the Coordination core block of UMF, and its instantiation to the problem of SON coordination for managing LTE-Advanced a Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) with relays. Prototype description and results are described so as to illustrate the value and applicability of the proposed framework.
Direct-fed microbial and its combination with xylanase, amylase, and protease enzymes in comparison with AGPs on broiler growth performance and foot-pad lesion development (2016)

This study evaluated the effect of a direct-fed microbial (DFM) and its combination with xylanase, amylase, and protease (XAP) enzymes cocktail on performance of broilers, in comparison with two commonly used antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs). Five treatments were tested using day-old Ross 708 broilers (mixed sex at 50:50 ratio) in a completely randomized design with 8 replications per treatment (40 birds/pen) using built up litter. Treatments were 1) a negative control (NC) based on corn/soy/wheat (10%) containing 500FTU/kg phytase, 2) NC + DFM (150,000 CFU/g of 3 Bacillus strains) (DFM150); 3) NC+ DFM (75,000 CFU/g of 3 Bacillus strains) in combination with XAP, XAP + DFM75); 4) NC+ BMD (50 g/ton), and 5) NC+ virginiamycin (20 g/ton). Diets were fed in mash form ad libitum in 3 phases: d 1 to 10 (starter); d 11 to 21 (grower) and d 22 to 42 (finisher). Body weight and feed intake (FI) were measured per phase and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was corrected for mortality weight. Treatment means were compared using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and separated via Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Supplementation of DFM increased (P < 0.05) average BW at d 10 when compared to the NC. Overall 42-d data indicated that the combination of XAP+DFM75 reduced (P < 0.05) mortality weight corrected FCR compared to NC, both DFM150 and the combination of XAP+DFM75 did not differ from both AGP treatments. Feed intake and body weight gain (BWG) were not affected by treatments during the 42-d study. The combination of XAP+DFM75 also reduced (P < 0.05) foot-pad lesion score as well as improved energy efficiency compared to the NC. These data indicate that both DFM150 and the combination of XAP + DFM75 may be used as an alternative to AGPs to achieve similar growth performance when producing broilers chickens under similar conditions.
Nonunion Risk Assessment in Foot and Ankle Surgery (2015)

Level IV, retrospective observational study.
Collagenase Clostridium Histolyticum-aaes for Treatment of Cellulite: A Pooled Analysis of Two Phase-3 Trials (2022)

CCH-aaes treatment significantly improved moderate-to-severe buttock cellulite appearance and was generally well tolerated.
Simulation of a high‐speed radio link under OPNET (2001)

Abstract A high‐speed radio link, such as the LMDS (local multipoint distribution system), proves to be quite complex to simulate under OPNET modeler radio from the electromagnetic propagation point of view. This paper describes the introduction of a 3‐D radiation diagram in the simulation and integration of software computing the electromagnetic propagation, taking note of the multipath. © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 24–27, 2001.
SMOCK: A Scalable Method of Cryptographic Key Management For Mission-Critical Networks (2006)

Abstract — Mission-critical networks show great potential in emergency response and/or recovery, health care, critical infras-tructure monitoring, etc. Such mission-critical applications de-mand security service be “anywhere”, “anytime ” and “anyhow”. However, it is challenging to design a key management scheme in current mission-critical networks to fulfill the required attributes of secure communications, such as data integrity, authentication, confidentiality, non-repudiation and service availability. In this paper, we present a self-contained public key management scheme, called SMOCK, which achieves almost zero commu-nication overhead for authentication, and offers high service availability. In our scheme, small number of cryptographic keys are stored off-line at individual nodes before they are deployed in the network. To provide good scalability in terms of number of nodes and storage space, we utilize a combinatorial design of public-private key pairs, which means nodes combine more than one key pair to encrypt and decrypt messages. We also show that SMOCK provides controllable resilience when malicious nodes compromise a limited number of nodes before key revocation and renewal. I.
Locomotion and Perception (2010)

This textbook for advanced undergraduates and graduate students emphasizes algorithms for a range of strategies for locomotion, sensing, and reasoning. It concentrates on wheeled and legged mobile robots but discusses a variety of other propulsion systems. This edition includes advances in robotics and intelligent machines over the ten years prior to publication, including significant coverage of SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) and multi-robot systems. It includes additional mathematical background and an extensive list of sample problems. Various mathematical techniques that were assumed in the first edition are now briefly introduced in appendices at the end of the text to make the book more self-contained. Researchers as well as students in the field of mobile robotics will appreciate this comprehensive treatment of state-of-the-art methods and key technologies.
Relaxation Dynamics of Poly(methyl acrylate) at Elevated Pressure (2011)

Dielectric relaxation and complex heat capacity were carried out on high molecular weight poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA). The temperature was found to exert a stronger effect than density on the segmental dynamics, as reflected in the magnitudes of the scaling exponent, 2.55, and the ratio of isochoric and isobaric activation energies, 0.67. The dispersion of the heat capacity and dielectric loss were used to obtain estimates of the number of dynamically correlated segments. In accord with prior results on molecular liquids and from simulations, the extent of the dynamic correlations in PMA depends only on the relaxation time. This behavior differs from that of the fragility, which decreases with pressure, showing the disconnect between dynamic heterogeneity and fragility.
Direct Cytotoxicity of Ethylcholine Mustard Aziridinium in Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Cells (1993)

The choline analogue ethylcholine mustard aziridinium (AF64A) is a potent and irreversible inhibitor of choline uptake in brain synaptosomes and is used as a neurotoxin to produce animal models of cholinergic hypofunction. However, previous studies have shown that intraocular administration of AF64A in rats not only reduced the number of cholinergic neurons in the retina, but also induced ultrastructural alterations in the microvasculature. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether AF64A has a direct cytotoxic effect on endothelial cells. As revealed by the measurement of lactate dehydrogenase activity in the culture medium, AF64A produced similar concentration-dependent cellular damage in cultures of bovine cerebral endothelial cells and in the human cholinergic neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-MC, but not in bovine cerebral smooth muscle cells. The toxic effect of AF64A correlated well with the affinity of the choline transport system detected in each cell type. The effect of the toxin on endothelial cells was mediated by its interaction with the endothelial cell choline carrier, as demonstrated by the following observations: (a) AF64A inhibited [3H]choline uptake in a concentration-dependent manner in both cultured and freshly isolated cerebral endothelial cells, and (b) the addition of choline or hemicholinium-3 to the culture medium prevented the AF64A-induced toxicity in endothelial cell cultures.
Key Role for the 12-Hydroxy Group in the Negative Ion Fragmentation of Unconjugated C24 Bile Acids (2016)

Host-gut microbial interactions contribute to human health and disease states and an important manifestation resulting from this cometabolism is a vast diversity of bile acids (BAs). There is increasing interest in using BAs as biomarkers to assess the health status of individuals and, therefore, an increased need for their accurate separation and identification. In this study, the negative ion fragmentation behaviors of C24 BAs were investigated by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. The step-by-step fragmentation analysis revealed a distinct fragmentation mechanism for the unconjugated BAs containing a 12-hydroxyl group. The unconjugated BAs lacking 12-hydroxylation fragmented via dehydration and dehydrogenation. In contrast, the 12-hydroxylated ones, such as deoxycholic acid (DCA) and cholic acid (CA), employed dissociation routes including dehydration, loss of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide, and dehydrogenation. All fragmentations of the 12-hydroxylated unconjugated BAs, characterized by means of stable isotope labeled standards, were associated with the rotation of the carboxylate side chain and the subsequent rearrangements accompanied by proton transfer between 12-hydroxyl and 24-carboxyl groups. Compared to DCA, CA underwent further cleavages of the steroid skeleton. Accordingly, the effects of stereochemistry on the fragmentation pattern of CA were investigated using its stereoisomers. Based on the knowledge gained from the fragmentation analysis, a novel BA, 3β,7β,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholanic acid, was identified in the postprandial urine samples of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The analyses used in this study may contribute to a better understanding of the chemical diversity of BAs and the molecular basis of human liver diseases that involve BA synthesis, transport, and metabolism.
Synthesis and Characterization of Aminoamidine-Based Polyacrylonitrile Fibers for Lipase Immobilization with Effective Reusability and Storage Stability (2023)

Lipases are extensively utilized industrial biocatalysts that play an important role in various industrial and biotechnological applications. Herein, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was treated with hexamethylene diamine (HMDA) and activated by glutaraldehyde, then utilized as a carrier support for <i>Candida rugosa</i> lipase. In this regard, the morphological structure of modified PAN before and after the immobilization process was evaluated using FTIR and SEM analyses. The immobilized lipase exhibited the highest activity at pH 8.0, with an immobilization yield of 81% and an activity of 91%. The optimal pH and temperature for free lipase were 7.5 and 40 °C, while the immobilized lipase exhibited its optimal activity at a pH of 8.0 and a temperature of 50 °C. After recycling 10 times, the immobilized lipase maintained 76% of its activity and, after 15 reuses, it preserved 61% of its activity. The lipase stability was significantly improved after immobilization, as it maintained 76% of its initial activity after 60 days of storage. The calculated Km values were 4.07 and 6.16 mM for free and immobilized lipase, and the Vmax values were 74 and 77 μmol/mL/min, respectively. These results demonstrated that synthetically modified PAN is appropriate for immobilizing enzymes and has the potential for commercial applications.
Sequencing and disease variation detection tools and techniques (2011)

Next-generation sequencing technology provides greater sequencing capacity to identify disease-causing variations. Currently there are many alignment tools and variation detection techniques, multiple SNP data sets used to filter out benign polymorphisms with the intent of enriching for disease-causing variations, and many tools and websites for annotating variations and performing pathogenicity prediction of variations. There is no consensus or standard with regards to which tools and corresponding parameter settings for each tool is appropriate for the different application of next-generation sequencing technologies for disease-causing variation identification. We have implemented an annotation pipeline that can easily use the output from different alignment tools (BLAT, BWA, BFAST, Bowtie) typically used to align sequence from next-generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing experiments. The Automated Sequence Analysis Pipeline (ASAP) reports variations using the HGVS standardized nomenclature[1] to facilitate comparison across tools and publications. To date, we have annotated the sequence from 13 exomes in an effort to identify disease-causing mutations.
Synthesis, biological activity, and conformational analysis of [pGlu<sup>6</sup>, N‐MePhe<sup>8</sup>, Aib<sup>9</sup>] substance P (6–11): A selective agonist for the NK‐3 receptor (1993)

A highly potent and selective agonist to the tachykinin NK-3 receptor, [pGlu6,N-MePhe8,Aib9] substance P (6-11) (I), was synthesized via the solid phase method. The ED50 of I was 4 nM in the guinea pig ileum in the absence of atropine (NK-1+NK-3 receptors) and this agonist was 5000-fold less potent in the presence of atropine (NK-1 receptor). The analogue was virtually inactive in the rat vas deferens (NK-2 receptor). A detailed analysis of the solution conformation of this analogue in DMSO-d6 and in a DMSO-d6/H2O cryomixture was carried out by a combination of 1H-nmr 2D techniques (DQF-COSY, TOCSY, NOESY and ROESY) and model building based on empirical energy calculations. Peptide I exists as a mixture of isomers containing cis and trans Phe-N-MePhe peptide bonds. The main isomer, containing a cis Phe-N-MePhe peptide bond, shows a preferred folded conformation characterized by a type VI beta-turn with Phe and N-MePhe in the i + 1 and i + 2 positions. The turn is followed by a helical segment extending to the C-terminal. This conformation is compared to previously reported conformations of other selective tachykinin agonists and may be a promising lead for the design of novel NK-3 agonists with additional conformational constraints.
Automated verificationcomplex for mobile communication systems (2019)

The basic results obtained from the design, manufacture and experimental research of an automated verification complex for mobile communication systems are provided. The developed complex allows to carry out the conformity assessment and periodic verification of the SMDTCand SSTAVIused by the mobile operators, which allows to ensure the correctness of the calculations between the consumer and the telecommunication service provider.
Differential regulation of natriuretic peptide receptor messenger RNAs during the development of cardiac hypertrophy in the rat. (1993)

The heart expresses the three natriuretic peptide receptors (NPR), namely NPR-A, NPR-B, and NPR-C. We have examined the temporal relationship between the expression of mRNA transcripts for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and their receptors in the heart during the development of cardiac hypertrophy in the aortovenocaval fistula rat. Messenger RNAs were measured by cDNA amplification. Progressive cardiac hypertrophy was accompanied by increased ANP mRNA prevalence throughout the heart and increased BNP mRNA in the left atrium. The most striking observation was the gradual disappearance of NPR-C transcripts (the putative "clearance" receptor) in all chambers; this was in marked contrast to the increase in mRNA levels for NPR-A and NPR-B (the guanylyl cyclase-linked receptors). Our observations have important therapeutic implications if the transcript changes are mirrored at the receptor protein level because (a) the apparent down-regulation of NPR-C may enhance the local action of natriuretic peptides on the heart, and (b) the loss of NPR-C, particularly if it is widespread, may reduce the rate of elimination of the natriuretic peptides, restricting the therapeutic potential of specific NPR-C ligands designed to reduce peptide clearance.
Numerical Performance Prediction and Experimental Validation of an Axial Pump Under Two-Phase Flow (Liquid/Gas) (2002)

The main goal of the present work is to establish the tools of the analysis and performance prediction of an axial pump stage under two-phase flow presence of liquid and gas. This knowledge is very important for different applications, for example in the oil industry. The transport of two-phase flow (oil and gas) that comes from the well implies the utilization of separation and treatment facilities before they are pumping. It means that a lot of economical resources are involved in this kind of industrial operation. Therefore, depending on the function optimization of this type of two-phase pumps, it would permit the substitution of the traditional expensive facilities in addition with energy cost savings. In order to predict the fluid dynamics characteristics of an axial pump stage under two-phase flow conditions and in view to improve its performance, the present research will describe a multi-fluid model in order to solve the momentum equations (Navier-Stokes) coupled with the continuity equation. Here, we will take into account the viscosity of the liquid phase and the compressibility of the gas phase, using the CFD simulator: CFX 4.0. Finally, an experimental facility was designed and built to test one axial pump of two stages. Therefore, experimental data is shown in order to validate the previous numerical results obtained.