gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Infektionsrisiken junger Freiwilliger bei internationalen Sozialprojekten von Non-Governmental Organizations (2012)

The number of young people in international social projects increases significantly, since governmental and non-governmental projects push such initiatives. This dissertation investigates whether young volunteers show a different profile of diseases during their time abroad than older ones. While the risk profile of the latter is well described little is known about those aged between 18 and 30. Because of different risk management of younger people significant differences should be found. A retrospective analysis by standardized questionnaire was uses, inclusion criteria were: age between 18 and 30 years and duration of project of at least 6 months. 153 complete data sets could be evaluated. 53% were females, the destinations were as follows: 65.4% Latin America, 14.4% Africa, 9.8% Asia, 10.5% other countries. The mean age was 20 years. 83% of participants received some kind of advice in travel medicine. Health problems were surprisingly common and included some potentially life-threatening diagnoses. Half of the volunteers reportet new sexual contacts. The risk profile differs considerably from those of older employees. Young people need a target audience specific standardized training for health and safety while they stay abroad. This should be tailored to their risk profile and therefore point out some topics much more than in advice given to more senior volunteers.
Investigation of local losses as a function of material removal in a large-grain superconducting niobium cavity (2006)

The performance of a superconducting radio-frequency (RF) cavity made of residual resistivity ratio (RRR) > 200 large-grain niobium has been investigated as a function of material removal, between 70 and 240 ?m, by buffered chemical polishing (BCP). Temperature maps of the cavity surface at 1.7 and 2.0 K were taken for each step of chemical etching and revealed localized losses (''hot-spots''), which contribute to the degradation of the cavity quality factor as a function of the RF surface field. It was found that the number of ''hot-spots'' decreased for larger material removal. Interestingly, the losses at the ''hot-spots'' at different locations evolved differently for successive material removal. The cavity achieved peak surface magnetic fields of about of 130 mT and was limited mostly by thermal quench. By measuring the temperature dependence of the surface resistance (Rs) at low field between 4.2 K and 1.7 K, the variation of material parameters such as the energy gap at 0 K, the residual resistance and the mean free path as a function of material removal could also be investigated. This contribution presents the results of the RF tests along with the temperature maps and the analysis of the losses caused by the ''hot-spots''.
Stereocontrolled synthesis of optically active 14β-hydroxy steroids and other steroid derivatives (1992)

The synthesis of optically active 14β-hydroxy steroids via base-catalyzed reactions is reported.
A verification-driven framework for iterative design of controllers (2019)

Abstract Controllers often are large and complex reactive software systems and thus they typically cannot be developed as monolithic products. Instead, they are usually comprised of multiple components that interact to provide the desired functionality. Components themselves can be complex and in turn be decomposed into multiple sub-components. Designing such systems is complicated and must follow systematic approaches, based on recursive decomposition strategies that yield a modular structure. This paper proposes FIDDle–a comprehensive verification-driven framework which provides support for designers during development. FIDDle supports hierarchical decomposition of components into sub-components through formal specification in terms of pre- and post-conditions as well as independent development, reuse and verification of sub-components. The framework allows the development of an initial, partially specified design of the controller, in which certain components, yet to be defined, are precisely identified. These components can be associated with pre- and post-conditions, i.e., a contract, that can be distributed to third-party developers. The framework ensures that if the components are compliant with their contracts, they can be safely integrated into the initial partial design without additional rework. As a result, FIDDle supports an iterative design process and guarantees correctness of the system at any step of development. We evaluated the effectiveness of FIDDle in supporting an iterative and incremental development of components using the K9 Mars Rover example developed at NASA Ames. This can be considered as an initial, yet substantive, validation of the approach in a realistic setting. We also assessed the scalability of FIDDle by comparing its efficiency with the classical model checkers implemented within the LTSA toolset. Results show that FIDDle scales as well as classical model checking as the number of the states of the components under development and their environments grow.
Use of a monoclonal antibody (APE‐1) directed against the conserved GTPEYLAPE motif present in protein kinases as an affinity purification reagent (1991)

cDNA sequence studies have predicted the existence of protein kinases that have not been characterized at the protein level. This laboratory has previously shown that polyclonal rabbit antibodies directed against a highly conserved sequence motif, GTPEYLAPE, present in the catalytic domain of many protein kinases will react during immunoblots with several protein kinases containing the same or homologous motifs. In this report I describe the development of a mouse monoclonal antibody, designated APE-1, that reacts with the GTPEYLAPE motif. In addition, the use of this monoclonal antibody in the affinity purification of kinase activities from rabbit reticulocyte lysate is described. This approach may provide a general method for the purification of previously uncharacterized protein kinases that share regions which are homologous to the GTPEYLAPE motif. Refinements in this method may permit the rapid purification of nonabundant and/or rapidly inactivated protein kinases that have not been isolated using other approaches.
Slope-Dependent Rendering of Parallel Coordinates to Reduce Density Distortion and Ghost Clusters (2019)

Parallel coordinates are a popular technique to visualize multidimensional data. However, they face a significant problem influencing the perception and interpretation of patterns. The distance between two parallel lines differs based on their slope. Vertical lines are rendered longer and closer to each other than horizontal lines. This problem is inherent in the technique and has two main consequences: (1) clusters which have a steep slope between two axes are visually more prominent than horizontal clusters. (2) Noise and clutter can be perceived as clusters, as a few parallel vertical lines visually emerge as a ghost cluster. Our paper makes two contributions: First, we formalize the problem and show its impact. Second, we present a novel technique to reduce the effects by rendering the polylines of the parallel coordinates based on their slope: horizontal lines are rendered with the default width, lines with a steep slope with a thinner line. Our technique avoids density distortions of clusters, can be computed in linear time, and can be added on top of most parallel coordinate variations. To demonstrate the usefulness, we show examples and compare them to the classical rendering.
APOE is linked to Alzheimer's disease in a large pedigree (1997)

Although previous association studies have demonstrated that the APOE4 allele is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), its value for the prediction of AD in individuals is <100%. The limited predictive value of ϵ4 is also seen in multiply affected families where the ϵ4 allele is not tightly linked to AD. We analyzed a large pedigree multiply affected with AD by lod score linkage analysis at the known loci associated with AD. In this pedigree, the APOE/APOCI gene area was linked to the development of AD, while no linkage was detected to any of the other loci known to be associated with the disease. In this family, then, the inheritance of an 4 allele is highly associated with the early development of the disease (mean age of onset, 62 years), and is a good predictor of disease. However, given the wealth of evidence for association, but not linkage, of APOE4 to AD, we believe this finding suggests that another factor (or factors) interact(s) with APOE to precipitate early disease, and produce positive linkage results. The nature of this factor presently remains unknown. Am. J. Med. Genet. 74:365–369, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Programmable Assembly of π‐Conjugated Polymers (2021)

Abstract π‐Conjugated polymers have numerous applications due to their advantageous optoelectronic and mechanical properties. These properties depend intrinsically on polymer ordering, including crystallinity, orientation, morphology, domain size, and π–π interactions. Programming, or deliberately controlling the composition and ordering of π‐conjugated polymers by well‐defined inputs, is a key facet in the development of organic electronics. Here, π‐conjugated programming is described at each stage of material development, stressing the links between each programming mode. Covalent programming is performed during polymer synthesis such that complex architectures can be constructed, which direct polymer assembly by governing polymer orientation, π–π interactions, and morphological length‐scales. Solution programming is performed in a solvated state as polymers dissolve, aggregate, crystallize, or react in solution. Solid‐state programming occurs in the solid state and is governed by polymer crystallization, domain segregation, or gelation. Recent progress in programming across these stages is examined, highlighting order‐dependent features and assembly techniques that are unique to π‐conjugated polymers. This should serve as a guide for delineating the many ways of directing π‐conjugated polymer assembly to control ordering, structure, and function, enabling the further development of organic electronics.
Should Postprandial Glucose Be Routinely Measured and Treated to a Particular Target? No! (2003)

Trial; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1
Exploiting Intermolecular Interactions between Alkyl-Functionalized Redox-Active Molecule Pairs to Enhance Interfacial Electron Transfer (2018)

The strategies to enhance electron transfer rates between redox-active, light-harvesting molecules attached to semiconductor surfaces and redox mediators in solution by modifying molecular structure are not fully investigated yet. Therefore, the design of molecules with controlled electron transfer rates remains a challenge. The aims of this work are to quantify the effect of long alkyl chain substitution on the electron transfer from cobalt(II/III) tris(2,2'-bipyridine) to organic molecules containing carbazole and thiophene and to demonstrate that alkyl chains can be used to enhance electron transfer between donor-acceptor pairs. To this end, we study the effect of using a combination of donor and acceptor molecules with and without alkyl chains on electron transfer kinetics. Using transient absorption spectroscopy, we show that when only the molecules or the mediators have long alkyl chains, electron transfer is slightly blocked as expected. Counterintuitively, electron transfer is up to 13 times faster when long alkyl chains are attached to both the redox-active molecules and the redox mediators. The faster electron transfer is explained by an alkyl-alkyl chain interaction between the donor/acceptor, leading to the proximity (trapping) of the redox mediators close to the π-conjugated backbone of the molecules. These results suggest that intermolecular interactions can be used to enhance the electron transfer rates significantly even with well-established insulating alkyl chains attached to molecules without changing the electrochemical driving force.
True absolute determination of photoluminescence quantum yields by coupling multiwavelength thermal lens and photoluminescence spectroscopy (2020)

Photoluminescence quantum yields denote a critical variable to characterise a fluorophore and its potential performance. Their determination, by means of methodologies employing reference standard materials, inevitably leads to large uncertainties. In response to this, herein we report for the first time an innovative and elegant methodology, whereby the use of neat solvent/reference material required by thermal lens approaches is eliminated by coupling it to photoluminescence spectroscopy, allowing for the discrimination between materials with similar photoluminescence quantum yields. To achieve this, both radiative and non-radiative transitions are simultaneously measured using a photoluminescence spectrometer coupled to a multiwavelength thermal lens spectroscopy setup in a mode-mismatched dual-beam configuration, respectively. The absorption factor independent ratio of the thermal lens and photoluminescence signals can then be used to determine the fluorescence quantum yield both accurately and precisely. We validated our reported method using rhodamine 6G and further applied it to three novel structurally related diketopyrrolopyrrole based materials, which, in contrast to results obtained by other methods, unveiled significant differences in their photoluminescence quantum yields.
Association between CLN3 (Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis, CLN3 Type) Gene Expression and Clinical Characteristics of Breast Cancer Patients (2015)

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Elucidation of underlying biology and molecular pathways is necessary for improving therapeutic options and clinical outcomes. CLN3 protein (CLN3p), deficient in neurodegenerative CLN3 disease is anti-apoptotic, and defects in the CLN3 gene cause accelerated apoptosis of neurons in CLN3 disease and up-regulation of ceramide. Dysregulated apoptotic pathways are often implicated in the development of the oncogenic phenotype. Predictably, CLN3 mRNA expression and CLN3 protein were up-regulated in a number of human and murine breast cancer-cell lines. Here, we determine CLN3 expression in non-tumor vs. tumor samples from fresh and formalin-fixed/paraffin-embedded (FFPE) breast tissue and analyze the association between CLN3 overexpression and different clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer patients. Additionally, gene expression of 28 enzymes involved in sphingolipid metabolism was determined. CLN3 mRNA is overexpressed in tumor vs. non-tumor breast tissue from FFPE and fresh samples, as well as in mouse MCF7 breast cancer compared to MCF10A normal cells. Of the clinicopathological characteristics of tumor grade, age, menopause status, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), only absence of HER2 expression correlated with CLN3 overexpression. Sphingolipid genes for ceramide synthases 2 and 6 (CerS2; CerS6), delta(4)-desaturase sphingolipid 2 (DEGS2), and acidic sphingomyelinase (SMPD1) displayed higher expression levels in breast cancer vs. control tissue, whereas ceramide galactosyltransferase (UGT8) was underexpressed in breast cancer samples. CLN3 may be a novel molecular target for cancer drug discovery with the goal of modulation of ceramide pathways.
Advances in Satellite Conjunction Analysis (2010)

The metaverse offers a promising solution for enhancing medical education by providing immersive, context-rich learning experiences. This paper proposes a conceptual framework and fundamental design elements to aid faculty educators and medical practitioners in effectively incorporating metaverse technology into their teaching methods, thus improving educational outcomes in LMICs.
Humanoid control method based on human knack for human care service (2003)

The humanoid is expected to realize a humancare in Japan where a problem of the shortage of care workers is occurring by aging. In order to determine the complicated motion like the human care for the humanoid, it is efficient to use the same motion of human. If the motion of the human is directly applied to the humanoid, it is difficult to achieve the requested motion because the humanoid takes unstable posture by the difference of dynamic, parameters. Therefore, it is suitable method to determine the motion of the humanoid based on the human knack which is necessary for realizing the complicated motion such as the human care. The humanoid can not keep the stable posture by using on y the human knack because the human knack is the technique to realize the motion of the human who has the difference of dynamic parameters. So a posture control system is required to control the humanoid. The purpose of this research is to develop the humanoid control method based on the human knack for human care. In order to acquire the knack easily, the joint's movement measured by motion capture system and the force estimated by Myoelectricity are divided into the unit of meaningful motion called "Phase", and the knack is derived from each Phase. Since the humanoid needs to touch, people in the human care, the humanoid may fall down on and injure a person in need of nursing care In order to keep the humanoid's posture stable, we developed the control system In consideration at the relationship among Zero Moment Point (ZMP) the support polygon, and the action force to the Center Of Gravity (COG). The motion of the humanoid is. determined based on the human knack and the posture control system. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control method based on the human knack, we simulated the situation of the humanoid caring for the human rising from the chair. The humanoid model "HRP1S" and the human model which has human parameters and cannot rise by itself were used in this simulation. As the result of the simulation, we realized the human care by the humanoid and and verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A 56 Gbaud reconfigurable FPGA feed-forward equalizer for optical datacenter networks with flexible baudrate- and modulation-format (2016)

The staggering growth of datacenter traffic has spurred the rapid uptake of advanced modulation-formats to increase throughput. Commodity optoelectronic components are used for cost-efficiency, assisted with digital equalizers to mitigate their bandwidth limitations. With optically-switched datacenter architectures gaining momentum, reconfigurable equalizers are sought allowing the receiver to adapt to different fiber lengths, bitrates and modulation-formats associated to different optical paths. An FPGA-based feed-forward equalizer (FFE) reconfigurable in baudrate and modulation-format is demonstrated. We verify its performance with NRZ and PAM-4 experimental data up to 56 GBaud, investigate its accuracy and extract the optimum FFE implementation for different transmission scenarios.
Basophils inhibit proliferation of <scp>CD</scp>4<sup>+</sup><scp>T</scp> cells in autologous and allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions and limit disease activity in a murine model of graft versus host disease (2014)

Basophils are known to modulate the phenotype of CD4(+) T cells and to enhance T helper type 2 responses in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we demonstrate that murine basophils inhibit proliferation of CD4(+) T cells in autologous and allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions. The inhibition is independent of Fas and MHC class II, but dependent on activation of basophils with subsequent release of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-6. The inhibitory effect of basophils on T-cell proliferation can be blocked with antibodies against IL-4 and IL-6 and is absent in IL-4/IL-6 double-deficient mice. In addition, we show that basophils and IL-4 have beneficial effects on disease activity in a murine model of acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). When basophils were depleted with the antibody MAR-1 before induction of GvHD, weight loss, GvHD score, mortality and plasma tumour necrosis factor levels were increased while injection of IL-4 improved GvHD. Basophil-depleted mice with GvHD also have increased numbers of CD4(+) T cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes. Our data show for the first time that basophils suppress autologous and allogeneic CD4(+) T-cell proliferation in an IL-4-dependent manner.
Seamless and Secure Bluetooth LE Connection Migration (2017)

At present, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is dominantly used in commercially available Internet of Things (IoT) devices -- such as smart watches, fitness trackers, and smart appliances. Compared to classic Bluetooth, BLE has been simplified in many ways that include its connection establishment, data exchange, and encryption processes. Unfortunately, this simplification comes at a cost. For example, only a star topology is supported in BLE environments and a peripheral (an IoT device) can communicate with only one gateway (e.g. a smartphone, or a BLE hub) at a set time. When a peripheral goes out of range, it loses connectivity to a gateway, and cannot connect and seamlessly communicate with another gateway without user interventions. In other words, BLE connections do not get automatically migrated or handed-off to another gateway. In this paper, we propose a system which brings seamless connectivity to BLE-capable mobile IoT devices in an environment that consists of a network of gateways. Our framework ensures that unmodified, commercial off-the-shelf BLE devices seamlessly and securely connect to a nearby gateway without any user intervention.
The clinical relative biological effectiveness and prostate‐specific antigen kinetics of carbon‐ion radiotherapy in low‐risk prostate cancer (2022)

Using clinical data from low-risk prostate cancer patients, we showed the clinical RBE of C-ion RT decreased with increasing dose per fraction.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Scopine, Pseudoscopine, and Nor‐Derivatives. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Arrays of optical tweezers based on 3D-printed microlens arrays (2019)

We present a novel tweezer system combining rapid prototyping of user defined microlens arrays with spatial light modulation for site-selective addressing. Using 3D femtosecond direct laser writing we manufacture a microlens array comprising 97 lenslets exhibiting a transition from quadratic to hexagonal patterns. Implemented in our setup we use a digital micromirror device to adapt the light field illuminating the indiviual lenses providing control over each associated tweezer spot.
Preliminary assessment of the SensiumVitals&lt;sup&gt;&amp;#x00AE;&lt;/sup&gt;: A low-cost wireless solution for patient surveillance in the general wards (2015)

This paper presents SensiumVitals(®) - an FDA cleared and CE marked wireless wearable vital signs monitoring system, developed for frequent surveillance of in-hospital patients. A number of in-house evaluations with artificial data and healthy volunteers were carried out in different stages to assess the reliability of two crucial vital signs measured by the system - respiration and heart rate. In order to illustrate the potential of the system in hospital, a subset of data collected from acutely-ill patients during a separate clinical trial was also analyzed. In all cases the results revealed satisfactory agreement between the values reported by SensiumVitals(®) and those recorded simultaneously by a clinically-approved bedside monitor. However, further work will be required to improve the reliability of the system under certain clinical conditions; which, although not crucial for our intended population (i.e. patients in general ward), pose interesting challenges for upgrading our technology for future use in these types of patients.