gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: The dundee technique (1991)

A total of 61 patients was subjected to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The procedure was completed in 60 cases and converted to open operation in one (2 per cent). The morbidity rate was low (total 7 per cent, major 2 per cent, blood transfusion rate 5 per cent). The median duration of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy with cholangiography was 135 min (range 65-270 min). The operation took less time to complete in patients with functioning gallbladders than in those with non-functioning fibrotic organs (median 120 versus 175 min). The majority of patients required opiate analgesia despite infiltration of the stab wounds with bupivacaine. The mean (s.d.) hospital stay was 2.9 (1.5) days. The median time to resume work or full activity after discharge was 11 days.
Biochemical and functional characterization of lysyl oxidase like 2 (LOXL2) inhibitors (2014)

Introduction: A lysyl oxidase like 2 (LOXL2) directed monoclonal antibody (simtuzumab) is being clinically evaluated for the treatment of various fibrotic diseases including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Objective: To characterize small molecule LOXL2 inhibitors biochemically and in functional assays to assess anti-fibrotic activity. Methods: High throughput screening was used to identify small molecule LOXL2 inhibitors. Screening hits were profiled for biochemical inhibition of LOXL2 and closely related amine oxidases (AOs). Binding to LOXL2 was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) methods. Mechanistic experiments were used to judge substrate activity, reversibility, and allosteric and/or non-competitive LOXL2 inhibition. A novel collagen cross-linking assay was developed to evaluate the inhibitors. Results: Both reversible and irreversible LOXL2 inhibitors from various chemotypes were identified with biochemical IC50s of &lt;500nM. LOXL2 binding was independently confirmed by SPR. Selectivity of &gt;100-fold over monoamine oxidase A and B was achieved. Lead molecules demonstrated low micromolar inhibition of collagen cross-linking. Conclusions: We have identified novel LOXL2 selective small molecule inhibitors, which demonstrate activity in functional assays relevant to fibrosis.
Dihydride Iron Complex Bearing a Silyl-Tethered Cyclopentadienyl Ligand (2018)

Abstract A silyl-tethered dihydride iron complex was synthesized by photolysis of a monohydride iron complex bearing a pendant hydrosilyl group. The coordination mode of the two hydrides and the tethered silyl ligand was investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations. Despite the Si–H interactions, the prepared complex readily eliminated molecular hydrogen upon heating or addition of L-type ligands, namely, pyridine or CO, to afford new silyl-tethered complexes. Notably, the pyridine complex exhibited alcohol dehydrogenation activity.
Measurement of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">sin</mml:mi><mml:mi /><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mi>β</mml:mi></mml:math>from<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mover><mml:mrow><mml:mi>B</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>→</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mover></mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mi>J</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>K</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>S</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math>with the CDF detector (2000)

This paper reports an updated measurement of the standard model $\mathrm{CP}$ violation parameter $\mathrm{sin}2\ensuremath{\beta}$ using the CDF Detector at Fermilab. The entire run I data sample of $110 {\mathrm{pb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of proton-antiproton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.8 \mathrm{TeV}$ is used to identify a signal sample of $\ensuremath{\sim}400 \stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{B}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{K}_{S}^{0}$ events, where $J/\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\ensuremath{\psi}}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${K}_{S}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}.$ The flavor of the neutral B meson is identified at the time of production by combining information from three tagging algorithms: a same-side tag, a jet-charge tag, and a soft-lepton tag. A maximum likelihood fitting method is used to determine $\mathrm{sin}2\ensuremath{\beta}{=0.79}_{\ensuremath{-}0.44}^{+0.41}(\mathrm{stat}+\mathrm{syst}).$ This value of $\mathrm{sin}2\ensuremath{\beta}$ is consistent with the standard model prediction, based upon existing measurements, of a large positive $\mathrm{CP}$-violating asymmetry in this decay mode.
Attenuated <i>Bordetella pertussis</i> Vaccine Candidate BPZE1 Promotes Human Dendritic Cell CCL21-Induced Migration and Drives a Th1/Th17 Response (2011)

New vaccines against pertussis are needed to evoke full protection and long-lasting immunological memory starting from the first administration in neonates--the major target of the life-threatening pertussis infection. A novel live attenuated Bordetella pertussis vaccine strain, BPZE1, has been developed by eliminating or detoxifying three important B. pertussis virulence factors: pertussis toxin, dermonecrotic toxin, and tracheal cytotoxin. We used a human preclinical ex vivo model based on monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) to evaluate BPZE1 immunogenicity. We studied the effects of BPZE1 on MDDC functions, focusing on the impact of Bordetella-primed dendritic cells in the regulation of Th and suppressor T cells (Ts). BPZE1 is able to activate human MDDCs and to promote the production of a broad spectrum of proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines. Moreover, conversely to its parental wild-type counterpart BPSM, BPZE1-primed MDDCs very efficiently migrate in vitro in response to the lymphatic chemokine CCL21, due to the inactivation of pertussis toxin enzymatic activity. BPZE1-primed MDDCs drove a mixed Th1/Th17 polarization and also induced functional Ts. Experiments performed in a Transwell system showed that cell contact rather than the production of soluble factors was required for suppression activity. Overall, our findings support the potential of BPZE1 as a novel live attenuated pertussis vaccine, as BPZE1-challenged dendritic cells might migrate from the site of infection to the lymph nodes, prime Th cells, mount an adaptive immune response, and orchestrate Th1/Th17 and Ts responses.
Scaling analysis of heterogneity in support of soil moisture retrieval at landscape level for low-frequency radars (2013)

Most traditional radar retrieval techniques utilize radar forward models that assume or require homogeneous scenes. NASA's upcoming Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission launching in October 2014 will carry an L-band radar delivering a pixel size of 3 km × 3 km. Even though this resolution is finer than the SMAP 36 km radiometer pixels, it is still coarse enough that modeling such pixels assuming homogeneous scenes is not realistic. This highlights the need to develop spatial aggregation and disaggregation techniques using radar forward scattering models that assume homogeneity over fine-scale sub-pixels and derive tailor-made models for their contribution to the coarse-scale satellite pixel for successful soil moisture retrieval. For radar based soil moisture retrieval to be a strong candidate for future products, this uncertainty has to be successfully mitigated. To study the heterogeneity at landscape level, high-resolution P-band data from the Earth Venture 1 (EV-1) Airborne Microwave Observatory of Subcanopy and Subsurface (AirMOSS) mission is used as its pixel resolution is fine enough to assume homogeneity over a pixel. In this work, a sampling area over a well-known AirMOSS study site is chosen, an aggregation study based on landcover type is carried out and a coarse resolution radar backscatter function over the sampling area is found to be a weighted linear average of the contributions of the fine-scale pixels.
75-km SMF Transmission of Optical 16 QAM Signal Generated by a Monolithic Quad-Parallel Mach–Zehnder Optical Modulator (2011)

We demonstrate 75-km single-mode fiber transmission of a 40-Gb/s optical 16-level quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM) signal generated by a quad-parallel Mach-Zehnder optical modulator (QPMZM), where four Mach-Zehnder structures are embedded in parallel monolithically on a lithium niobate substrate. Owing to the optical 16QAM signal generation method based on the coherent superposition in the QPMZM and improved coherent receiver utilizing digital filters, improvement of receiver sensitivity has been achieved as well. The experimentally obtained receiver sensitivity for near the forward-error correction limit and power penalty due to transmission are experimentally evaluated as 16.3 dB and about 2-3 dB, respectively.
New Seismic Zoning Maps for Norway, the North Sea, and the United Kingdom (2000)

Research Article| November 01, 2000 New Seismic Zoning Maps for Norway, the North Sea, and the United Kingdom H. Bungum; H. Bungum NORSAR P.O. Box 51 2027 Kjeller Norway hilmar.bungum@norsar.no Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar C. D. Lindholm; C. D. Lindholm Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar A. Dahle; A. Dahle Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar G. Woo; G. Woo Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar F. Nadim; F. Nadim Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar J. K. Holme; J. K. Holme Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar O. T. Gudmestad; O. T. Gudmestad Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar T. Hagberg; T. Hagberg Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar K. Karthigeyan K. Karthigeyan Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information H. Bungum NORSAR P.O. Box 51 2027 Kjeller Norway hilmar.bungum@norsar.no C. D. Lindholm A. Dahle G. Woo F. Nadim J. K. Holme O. T. Gudmestad T. Hagberg K. Karthigeyan Publisher: Seismological Society of America First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1938-2057 Print ISSN: 0895-0695 © 2000 by the Seismological Society of America Seismological Research Letters (2000) 71 (6): 687–697. https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.71.6.687 Article history First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation H. Bungum, C. D. Lindholm, A. Dahle, G. Woo, F. Nadim, J. K. Holme, O. T. Gudmestad, T. Hagberg, K. Karthigeyan; New Seismic Zoning Maps for Norway, the North Sea, and the United Kingdom. Seismological Research Letters 2000;; 71 (6): 687–697. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.71.6.687 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietySeismological Research Letters Search Advanced Search The methods adopted to evaluate seismic hazard may vary significantly from country to country, even where the countries share a common border and the regional seismic zones overlap. Apart from differences in method, the underlying seismological and geological databases maintained in neighboring countries may differ substantially in scope, reliability, and interpretation, and thus cause further international disparities in the conduct and output of seismic hazard assessment. For reasons both technical and administrative, it is rare to establish a collaborative industrial venture involving independent organizations from several countries aimed at joint probabilistic seismic hazard mapping for a region spanning a common... You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Fish gelatin from tilapia skin. (2001)

Gelatin has a very broad application for e.g. in the food. pharmaceuticals, and photographic industries. Present commercial gelatins are produced from skins and bones of cows and pigs. However, in the last few years, gelatin from the skin of temperate fiSh has been produced in the United States. Fish skin is normally discarded in the filleting operation. Some recovery of the skin is possible in the deboning operation. Since, fish skins are potential source of gelatin, therefore a study on the extraction of gelatin for food application and the determination of the physicochemical characteristics of the gelatin obtained from black (Oreochromis mossambicus) and red (O.nilotica) tilapia skin was undertaken. Possible abundance of the talapia skin is seen as the outcome of the increase and the relative ease of tilapia culture in the country. Several extraction procedures are currently under study, however, the one involving washings with 0.2% (w/v) NaOH and sulfuric acid, and 1.0% (wlv) of citric acid is reported here. Visual appearance, odour, bloom strength, viscosity, melting point and the amino acid profile of the gelatins were evaluated. Both the gelatins of the black and the red tilapia were yellowish and light textured. Gelatins of black and red tilapias had strong fishy odour. Higher bloom strength was obtained from gelatin of black when compored to gelatin from red tilapia skin. Other studied properties of the gelatin obtained indicated that the gelatin from these two closely related fish species does not exhibit the same physico-chemical characteristics. This study also indicates that tilapia skin is a valuable source of 'halal' or koshered gelatin with functional properties suitable for the application in the food industries.
A comparison of exact and approximate adjoint sensitivities in fluorescence tomography (2003)

Many approaches to fluorescence tomography utilize some form of regularized nonlinear least-squares algorithm for data inversion, thus requiring repeated computation of the Jacobian sensitivity matrix relating changes in observable quantities, such as emission fluence, to changes in underlying optical parameters, such as fluorescence absorption. An exact adjoint formulation of these sensitivities comprises three terms, reflecting the individual contributions of 1) sensitivities of diffusion and decay coefficients at the emission wavelength, 2) sensitivities of diffusion and decay coefficients at the excitation wavelength, and 3) sensitivity of the emission source term. Simplifying linearity assumptions are computationally attractive in that they cause the first and second terms to drop out of the formulation. The relative importance of the three terms is thus explored in order to determine the extent to which these approximations introduce error. Computational experiments show that, while the third term of the sensitivity matrix has the largest magnitude, the second term becomes increasingly significant as target fluorophore concentration or volume increases. Image reconstructions from experimental data confirm that neglecting the second term results in overestimation of sensitivities and consequently overestimation of the value and volume of the fluorescent target, whereas contributions of the first term are so low that they are probably not worth the additional computational costs.
A Review of Impact Testing Methods for Headgear in Sports: Considerations for Improved Prevention of Head Injury Through Research and Standards (2019)

Standards for sports headgear were introduced as far back as the 1960s and many have remained substantially unchanged to present day. Since this time, headgear has virtually eliminated catastrophic head injuries such as skull fractures and changed the landscape of head injuries in sports. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is now a prevalent concern and the effectiveness of headgear in mitigating mTBI is inconclusive for most sports. Given that most current headgear standards are confined to attenuating linear head mechanics and recent brain injury studies have underscored the importance of angular mechanics in the genesis of mTBI, new or expanded standards are needed to foster headgear development and assess headgear performance that addresses all types of sport-related head and brain injuries. The aim of this review is to provide a basis for developing new sports headgear impact tests for standards by summarizing and critiquing: 1) impact testing procedures currently codified in published headgear standards for sports and 2) new or proposed headgear impact test procedures in published literature and/or relevant conferences. Research areas identified as needing further knowledge to support standards test development include defining sports-specific head impact conditions, establishing injury and age appropriate headgear assessment criteria, and the development of headgear specific head and neck surrogates for at-risk populations.
The Protective Effect of Bifidobacterium breve K-110, K-111 and B. infantis K-525 on Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats (1999)

The protective effect of Bifidobacterium breve K-110, K-111 and B. infantis K-525 on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats was investigated. Among them, B. infantis K-525 had the most potent hepatoprotective activity. It reduced serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels to 51% and 80% of the groups, respectively. In rat liver homogenate intoxificated with , B. infantis K-525 inhibited in vitro as well as in vivo lipid peroxidation more than the other Bifidobacteria.
The <i>eli1</i> mutation reveals a link between cell expansion and secondary cell wall formation in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2000)

Mutants with altered patterns of lignification have been identified in a population of mutagenised Arabidopsis seedlings. One of the mutants exhibited ectopic lignification (eli) of cells throughout the plant that never normally lignify. The reduced expansion of eli1 cells resulted in a stunted phenotype, and xylem cells were misshapen and failed to differentiate into continuous strands, causing a disorganized xylem. Analysis of phenotypes associated with double mutants of eli1 lit (lion's tail), a cell expansion mutant, indicated that the primary defect in eli1 plants may be inappropriate initiation of secondary wall formation and subsequent aberrant lignification of cells caused by altered cell expansion. Related ectopic lignification phenotypes were also observed in other cell expansion mutants, suggesting a mechanism that senses cell size and controls subsequent secondary wall formation. Interactions between eli1 and wol (woodenleg), a mutant altering xylem cell specification, revealed a role for ELI1 in promoting formation of continuous xylem strands, and demonstrated that ELI1 functions during cell elongation zone in the primary root and other tissues.
Integrated quantum interferometry with three-dimensional geometry (2013)

Summary form only given. The main features of quantum mechanics reside into interference deriving from the superposition of different quantum objects. The Hong-Ou-Mandel effect is a purely quantum phenomenon deriving from the interference of two photons. It is a consequence of the bosonic nature of light and can be observed when two identical photons impinge simultaneously on a two-port balanced beam splitter and, as a result, both are forced to exit from the same port. While current quantum optical technology enables two-photon interference both in bulk and integrated systems, simultaneous interference of more than two particles, leading to richer quantum phenomena, is still a challenging task.The emergence of integrated quantum photonics have opened exciting perspectives for the realization of scalable, miniaturized and intrinsically stable optical setups. In particular, the ultrafast laser-writing technique has proved to be a powerful tool for demonstrating new quantum integrated-optics devices, able to perform quantum logic operations as well as two-photon quantum walks. Here we report the experimental observation of threephoton interference in an integrated three-port directional coupler realized by ultrafast laser-writing. By exploiting the capability of this technique to produce three-dimensional structures, we realized and tested in the quantum regime a three-photon beam splitter, namely a tritter, which allowed us to observe bosonic coalescence of three photons [1]. Such a system can be exploited as a building block to implement a generalized class of multi-arm interferometers. We introduce the concept of 3D multi-photon interferometry [2], and we discuss their application in the context of quantum interferometry and quantum phase estimation. We propose novel geometries for integrated multi-arm interferometers based on three-port (tritter) and four-port (quarter) devices, and we discuss possible measurement protocols, based on the injection of multi-photon Fock states in this kind of multi-port devices, demonstrating relevant metrological advantages in phase-estimation tasks. Furthermore, we provide a first insight on the application of this technology in the still unexplored field of multiparameter estimation.Several other contexts may benefit from the adoption of 3-dimensional integrated interferometers realized by femtosecond laser-writing. For instance, they can be adopted for the realization of “proof-of-principle” quantum simulators [3], and, combined in a modular structure, they can be used to realize full-scale quantum simulators for large size quantum systems. The adoption of multiphoton-multimode platforms may indeed disclose the “hardto-simulate” scenario by adopting linear optics to implement a computational power beyond the one of a classical computer.
Behaviorbased Task Learning by Demonstration for Mobile Manipulators (2013)

Task learning for behavior‐based mobile manipulation is formalized as a behavior recognition problem in this paper. The goal is to generate a behavior diagram through human demonstration, which can be used as a template for execution of a specified task. In order to extract significant and meaningful information from sensory data, various features are defined to convert the sensory data to the feature space. A generic task learning approach based on combined machine learning techniques is used to classify behaviors from the feature space. Not only can this approach recognize already‐known behaviors, it can also provide an easy method to add new behaviors to a system by combining new training datasets with the existing ones through retraining a support vector machine kernel (SVM) model. Common household applications, such as door‐opening and window‐cleaning tasks, are implemented for the evaluation of the proposed method.