gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantitation of Site-Specific Glycosylation in Manufactured Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody Drugs (2016)

During the development of recombinant monoclonal antibody (rMAb) drugs, glycosylation receives particular focus because changes in the attached glycans can have a significant impact on the antibody effector functions. The vast heterogeneity of structures that exist across glycosylation sites hinders the in-depth analysis of glycan changes specific to an individual protein within a complex mixture. In this study, we established a sensitive and specific method for monitoring site-specific glycosylation in rMAbs using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) on an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole MS (UHPLC-QqQ-MS). Our results showed that irrespective of the IgG subclass expressed in the drugs, the N-glycopeptide profiles are nearly the same but differ in abundances. In all rMAb drugs, a single subclass of IgG comprised over 97% of the total IgG content and showed over 97% N-glycan site occupancy. This study demonstrates the utility of an MRM-based method to rapidly characterize over 130 distinct glycopeptides and determine the extent of site occupancy within minutes. Such multilevel structural characterization is important for the successful development of therapeutic antibodies.
Nytte- kostnadsanalyse av grønne tak (2013)

Som følge av klimaendringene vil vi oppleve økte utfordringer tilknyttet håndtering av overvann\ni urbane områder. Årsaken til dette vil være en kombinasjon av økning i andelen impermeable flater og en økning i antall mer intense nedbørhendelser. Det er mye fokus på tiltak for å\nimøtekommme denne utfordringen og grønne tak kan være en del av løsningen på dette problemet.\nEn nytte- kostnadsanalyse søker å kvantifisere nytteeffektene hos grønne tak.\nDet utføres også en casestudie som videre beskriver kostad- og nytteeffekter ved bruk av grønne\ntak som LOD løsning, alternativt til tradisjonelle lukkede overvannssystemer. Analysen tar hensyn\ntil norske forhold og de krav kommunen stiller til fordrøyning.\nResultatet fra nytte- kostnadsanalysen viser at grønne tak gir en negativ netto nåverdi.\nDen økonomiske analysen har \nflere usikre faktorer tilknyttet verdsetting av nytte- og kostnadseffektene. Prisene for grønne tak vil også variere ut i fra ulike type prosjekter.\nDue to climate change we will see increasingly challanges related to stormwater in urban areas. The reason for this is a combination of increasingly impervious surfaces and an increase in frequency of more intense percipitation. Much focus within urban planning is added to these challanges and green roofs might be one of the solutions.\n\nA cost-benefit analysis seeks to quantive the beneficial aspects of green roofs.\nThere is also performed a casestudy which further describes the costs and benefits of using green roofs as a LID-solution alternate to a traditional subsurface stormwater solution. \nThe analysis takes Norwegian circumnstances into account. \n\nResults from the cost-benefit analysis show us that there is a negative net present value for green roofs.\nThe economical analysis has several uncertanties related to valuaving the cost- benefits. Price may vary depending on different type of projects.
Iron Catalysis for In Situ Regeneration of Oxidized Cofactors by Activation and Reduction of Molecular Oxygen: A Synthetic Metalloporphyrin as a Biomimetic NAD(P)H Oxidase (2011)

An enzyme substitute: A synthetic FeIII porphyrin was used as a catalyst for the activation and reduction of O2 into H2O with the cofactor NAD(P)H in aqueous solution. The catalyst is compatible with different preparative enzymatic oxidation reactions. Thus, a new method is provided for the in situ regeneration of the oxidized cofactor NAD(P)+ with help from a non-enzymatic, synthetic catalyst (see scheme). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
1503 Analysis of chemical reaction in Cu-CMP with reactive nanoparticles based on Raman spectra enhanced by surface plasmon (2015)

Recently, planarization of wiring layers has been important. A technique of planarizing the wiring surface is chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). Fullerenol and polyglycerol-functionalized nanodiamond particles are proposed as abrasive grains for Cu-CMP. In this study, the chemical reaction between copper and these nanoparticles is investigated. Elucidation of the mechanism to form the reacted layer in CMP is attempted. Raman spectra enhanced by surface plasmon is used. This method enables to obtain signals from the reaction system under the same environment as CMP. Measurement results provide the posibility that the reacted layer is formed by adsorption of reactive nanoparticles on copper surface in CMP.
Design of a Terahertz Reconfigurable Reflectarray with Individually Controlled 1-bit Phasing Elements (2019)

Terahertz (THz) high gain antennas with electronic beam-scanning capability have been long required in various modern applications. In this paper, a novel reconfigurable reflectarray antenna (RRA) at 0.3 THz with 16×16 individually controlled 1-bit phasing elements is proposed. The element consists of a shorted bow-tie microstrip patch and a double-channel heterostructure HEMT in the middle. Electronic 1-bit phase control can be achieved by switching the state of HEMT. The element simulation verifies its wideband and low cross-polarization performance. Design and analysis of a RRA with 16×16 elements and practical biasing circuits are presented. The high gain beam scanning capability of the proposed RRA is validated by theoretical calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐Vinyl‐pyrrolium Ions (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
KETTESY ALADÁR SZEMÉSZPROFESSZOR, A DEBRECENI TUDOMÁNYEGYETEM 1949-50. TANÉVI RECTOR MAGNIFICUSA (2022)

A Debreceni Tudományegyetem rektornak megválasztott, a Vallás és Közoktatási Miniszter által e tisztségében megerősített Kettesy Aladár nyilvános rendes tanár 1949. szeptember 1.-én kezdte meg egy éves rektori tevékenységét, amely az egyetemi autonómiát jelentősen korlátozó politikai időszakban is biztosította az intézmény szakmai fejlődését és értékeinek megőrzését. Személyében nehéz történelmi időszakban olyan orvosprofesszor került az egyetem élére, aki mögött negyedszázados szemklinikai igazgatás, nagy szakmai tekintély és egyetem szerte megnyilvánuló bizalom állt. Az addigi, majd a következő évtizedekben töretlenül folytatódó, nemzetközileg elismert klinikai és tudományos munkásságával, lenyűgöző személyiségével a debreceni orvosképzés és az egyetemi közösség legendás alakjává vált.
The Dichotomous Affiliate Stable Matching Problem: Approval-Based Matching with Applicant-Employer Relations (2022)

While the stable marriage problem and its variants model a vast range of matching markets, they fail to capture complex agent relationships, such as the affiliation of applicants and employers in an interview marketplace. To model this problem, the existing literature on matching with externalities permits agents to provide complete and total rankings over matchings based off of both their own and their affiliates' matches. This complete ordering restriction is unrealistic, and further the model may have an empty core. To address this, we introduce the Dichotomous Affiliate Stable Matching (DASM) Problem, where agents' preferences indicate dichotomous acceptance or rejection of another agent in the marketplace, both for themselves and their affiliates. We also assume the agent's preferences over entire matchings are determined by a general weighted valuation function of their (and their affiliates') matches. Our results are threefold: (1) we use a human study to show that real-world matching rankings follow our assumed valuation function; (2) we prove that there always exists a stable solution by providing an efficient, easily-implementable algorithm that finds such a solution; and (3) we experimentally validate the efficiency of our algorithm versus a linear-programming-based approach.
Synthesis of Highly Porous Metal Oxide Nanoparticles for Adsorption Applications (2022)

Herein, we report a general and straightforward synthesis method for large-pore highly mesoporous metal oxide nanoparticles via a modified inverse micelle formation. The role of diols as solvents has been demonstrated and extended to other metal oxides using ethylene glycol. After scanning most of the metals from the periodic table, magnesium and calcium from the s-block; tin from the p-block; vanadium, nickel, zinc, zirconium, and hafnium from the d-block; and lanthanum and cerium from the f-block elements, all these have been successfully synthesized as large-pore-diameter metal oxides. Because of thermodynamic stability of chelate formation, ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, and 1,5-pentanediol give a higher pore diameter, whereas a further increase in the diol carbon chain (1,6-hexanediol and 1,12-dodecandiol) leads to pore contraction. By varying the synthesis temperature, the effect of viscosity on the pore diameter has also been demonstrated. Potential applications of oxides of magnesium have been tested for carbon dioxide capture and adsorption of macromolecules such as proteins and lipids and small molecules such as curcumin, dopamine, and sucrose. As predicted, larger-pore-diameter and higher-pore-volume mesoporous magnesium oxide shows higher carbon dioxide capture and adsorption compared to commercial magnesium oxide. A mechanism for the higher pore diameters of mesoporous metal oxide nanomaterials has been proposed based on the results and previous reported literature studies.
Chemistry and adhesive properties of poly(arylene ether)s containing heterocyclic units (1991)

Novel poly(arylene ether)s containing heterocyclic units were prepared, characterized, and evaluated as adhesives and composite matrices. The polymers were prepared by reacting a heterocyclic bisphenol with an activated aromatic dihalide in a polar aprotic solvent, using potassium carbonate. The polymerizations were generally carried out in N,N-dimethylacetamide at 155 C. In some cases, where the polymers were semicrystalline, higher temperatures and thus higher boiling solvents were necessary to keep the polymers in solution. Heterocyclic rings incorporated into the poly(arylene ether) backbone include phenylquinoxaline, phenylimidazole, benzimidazole, benzoxazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, and 1,2,4-triazole. The polymers were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, solution viscosity, X-ray diffraction, thin film, and adhesive and (in some cases) composite properties. The glass transition temperatures, crystalline melt temperature, solubility, and mechanical properties varied depending upon the heterocyclic ring. The chemistry and properties of these materials are discussed.
Relationships between Skin Carotenoid Levels and Metabolic Syndrome (2021)

Carotenoids have potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects; their protective roles are of particular interest in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The reflection spectroscopy method has been recently developed to noninvasively measure skin carotenoid (SC) levels, which highly correlates with serum concentration of carotenoids. The relationship between SC levels and metabolic syndrome has been investigated. We aimed to identify the differences in patient characteristics and SC levels between participants with and without MetS in a large health examination population. In addition, the relationships between SC levels and various clinical parameters related to MetS were investigated. SC levels were measured using a reflection spectroscopy. A total of 1812 Japanese participants (859 male, 953 female; mean age ± standard deviation (SD), 57.8 ± 11.0 years) comprised the study population, i.e., participants with MetS (<i>n</i> = 151) and those without MetS (<i>n</i> = 1661). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify variables associated with MetS. Compared to controls (377.3 ± 122.8), SC indices were significantly lower in patients with MetS (340.7 ± 112.5, <i>p</i> = 0.0004). Multivariate models also suggested that lower SC was significantly associated with MetS after adjustment for age, sex, smoking habit, and other potential risk factors for MetS. Furthermore, male gender (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), smoking habit (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and worse lipid profiles (i.e., serum triglyceride (<i>r</i> = -0.1039, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), high-density lipoprotein (<i>r</i> = 0.1259, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and usage of hypolipidemic agents (<i>p</i> = 0.0340)) were significantly associated with lower SC levels. The current study indicated that lower SC levels were significantly associated with MetS. This study highlights the antioxidant capacity of carotenoids in patients with MetS and the clinical utility of non-invasive and cost-effective SC measurement to detect participants who are at risk of developing MetS in a large population.
Cyclic AMP- and differentiation-dependent regulation of the proximal alphaHCG gene promoter in term villous trophoblasts (1999)

Although the regulatory mechanisms controlling alpha and beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) expression have been investigated in choriocarcinoma cell model systems, little is known about the regulation of HCG subunit synthesis in non-tumourigenic trophoblasts. We therefore investigated alphaHCG mRNA transcription in villous cytotrophoblasts isolated from term placentae and have shown for the first time that the proximal alphaHCG gene promoter is functional in these cells. By establishing conditions which allow efficient transient transfection of immunopurified cells, we have demonstrated that a 363 bp sequence in the proximal 5' flanking region of the alphaHCG gene is sufficient to direct trophoblast-specific expression of a luciferase reporter. After 12-60 h cultivation, an increase in endogenous alphaHCG mRNA expression could be detected, indicating that aggregated villous trophoblasts undergo biochemical differentiation. Concomitantly, we observed induction of alphaHCG promoter-driven luciferase activity, suggesting that the 363 bp sequence of the proximal 5' flanking region is sufficient to direct differentiation-dependent increase of alphaHCG mRNA. Continuous luciferase expression required functional cAMP-response elements (CREs), since deletion of both recognition sequences eliminated differentiation-dependent transcription of the reporter. Elevation of cAMP values increased transcription of the wild-type construct; however, it did not affect promoter activity of the mutant plasmid. Moreover, we have demonstrated that during in-vitro differentiation, CREs interacted with increasing amounts of phosphorylated activating transcription factor/cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (ATF-1/CREB-1) suggesting that these cAMP-dependent DNA-binding factors are major determinants in regulating alphaHCG gene expression in villous trophoblasts.
Biological and Chemical Approaches to Diseases of Proteostasis Deficiency (2009)

Many diseases appear to be caused by the misregulation of protein maintenance. Such diseases of protein homeostasis, or "proteostasis," include loss-of-function diseases (cystic fibrosis) and gain-of-toxic-function diseases (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's disease). Proteostasis is maintained by the proteostasis network, which comprises pathways that control protein synthesis, folding, trafficking, aggregation, disaggregation, and degradation. The decreased ability of the proteostasis network to cope with inherited misfolding-prone proteins, aging, and/or metabolic/environmental stress appears to trigger or exacerbate proteostasis diseases. Herein, we review recent evidence supporting the principle that proteostasis is influenced both by an adjustable proteostasis network capacity and protein folding energetics, which together determine the balance between folding efficiency, misfolding, protein degradation, and aggregation. We review how small molecules can enhance proteostasis by binding to and stabilizing specific proteins (pharmacologic chaperones) or by increasing the proteostasis network capacity (proteostasis regulators). We propose that such therapeutic strategies, including combination therapies, represent a new approach for treating a range of diverse human maladies.
Characterization of the diversity and the transferrin-binding domain of gonococcal transferrin-binding protein 2. (2020)

The molecular weight heterogeneities of Tbp1 and Tbp2 among a panel of 45 gonococcal isolates were assessed. The tbpB genes from four of these strains were sequenced to characterize the Tbp2 sequence diversity among gonococci. By expressing truncated versions of gonococcal Tbp2, we delimited the extent of Tbp2 necessary for transferrin binding in a Western blot.
Supplementary Methods from IFNγ and CCL2 Cooperate to Redirect Tumor-Infiltrating Monocytes to Degrade Fibrosis and Enhance Chemotherapy Efficacy in Pancreatic Carcinoma (2023)

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The Use of FTICR‐MS to Detect Chemical Tags from a Combinatorial Library (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
N,N-Dialkyl-N'-Chlorosulfonyl Chloroformamidines in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Part XII.* Synthesis and Reactivity of the Pyrazolo[3,4-e][1,2,4]thiadiazine Ring System (2015)

N,N-Dialkyl-N'-chlorosulfonyl chloroformamidines 1 reacted regioselectively with 1-substituted 5-aminopyrazoles 2 via a 1,3-CCN dinucleophilic substitution to afford pyrazolo[3,4-e][1,2,4]thiadiazines 3 as the sole isolated products. Compounds 3, representatives of a very rare ring system, were shown to possess three nucleophilic sites at N2, N4, and N6. Methylation occurred at all three sites. Alkylation with benzylic halides occurred preferentially at N2, but some also occurred at N4, and at C7a. Alkylation with ethyl bromoacetate occurred at both N4 and N6, but the latter derivatives underwent a pyrazole ring expansion to afford pyrimido[4,5-e][1,2,4]thiadiazine derivatives. Compounds 3 were unreactive towards various acylating agents.
Identification and Mechanism of 10-Carbon Fatty Acid as Modulating Ligand of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptors (2011)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα, -β/δ, and -γ) are a subfamily of nuclear receptors that plays key roles in glucose and lipid metabolism. PPARγ is the molecular target of the thiazolidinedione class of antidiabetic drugs that has many side effects. PPARγ is also activated by long chain unsaturated or oxidized/nitrated fatty acids, but its relationship with the medium chain fatty acids remains unclear even though the medium chain triglyceride oils have been used to control weight gain and glycemic index. Here, we show that decanoic acid (DA), a 10-carbon fatty acid and a major component of medium chain triglyceride oils, is a direct ligand of PPARγ. DA binds and partially activates PPARγ without leading to adipogenesis. Crystal structure reveals that DA occupies a novel binding site and only partially stabilizes the AF-2 helix. DA also binds weakly to PPARα and PPARβ/δ. Treatments with DA and its triglyceride form improve glucose sensitivity and lipid profiles without weight gain in diabetic mice. Together, these results suggest that DA is a modulating ligand for PPARs, and the structure can aid in designing better and safer PPARγ-based drugs.
Transition Metal‐Free <i>ipso</i>‐Functionalization of Arylboronic Acids and Derivatives (2014)

Arylboronic acids and their derivatives have been widely exploited as important synthetic precursors in organic synthesis, materials science, and pharmaceutical development. In addition to numerous applications in transition-metal-mediated cross-coupling reactions, transition-metal-free transformations involving arylboronic acids and derivatives have recently received a surge of attention for converting the C-B bond to C-C, C-N, C-O, and many other C-X bonds. Consequently, a wide range of useful compounds, e.g., phenols, anilines, nitroarenes, and haloarenes, have been readily synthesized. Amongst these efforts, many versatile reagents have been developed and a lot of practical approaches demonstrated. The research in this promising field is summarized in the current review and organized on the basis of the type of bonds being formed.
Design and control of a bidirectional triangular modular multilevel DC-DC converter (2013)

In this paper, a novel bidirectional modular multi-level dc-dc converter is proposed. The proposed topology, named the Triangular Modular Multilevel dc-dc Converter (TMMC), can achieve equal power sharing among its modules over a broad range of conversion ratios. The proposed control algorithm provides localized control of modules which enhances the converter's dynamic performance and design flexibility. A 1.1kW experimental implementation of the converter is shown to achieve an efficiency of 96.3% and 98.0% in step-up and step-down modes, respectively. The TMMC also provides multiple fixed voltage nodes which makes it suitable as a multi-input multi-output converter.
Combinatorial chemistry: Mixture-based combinatorial libraries of acyclic and heterocyclic compounds from amino acids and short peptides (2003)

Combinatorial chemistry is recognized worldwide as a powerful technology for drug discovery. This technology has gained wide acceptance by most pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies as well as academia [1-2]. The power of combinatorial chemistry lies in its ability to accelerate the drug discovery process through the rapid synthesis and subsequent screening of a larger number of compounds than previously possible. In a recent paper on combinatorial libraries, we reviewed the solid-phase chemistry used to prepare small molecule and heterocyclic mixture-based libraries [3]. Herein we provide a perspective on synthetic combinatorial approaches using mixture-based libraries, as well as an illustration of our work in the generation of libraries of acyclic and heterocyclic compounds from amino acids and/or short peptides.
Standard Integration of Sensing and Opportunistic Diffusion for Urban Monitoring in Vehicular Sensor Networks: the MobEyes Architecture (2007)

The emerging industrial relevance of vehicular sensor networks pushes towards their adoption for large-scale applications, from traffic routing and relief to environmental monitoring and distributed surveillance. With homeland security issues in mind, we have developed MobEyes, a fully distributed opportunistic harvesting system for urban monitoring. In MobEyes, regular vehicles equipped with sensors collect and locally store monitoring data while moving on the streets. Sensors may generate a sheer data amount, especially in the case of audio/video recording, thus making traditional reporting unfeasible. MobEyes originally adopts the guidelines of locally generating summaries of sensed data and of taking advantage of vehicle mobility and opportunistic one-hop communications to pump summaries towards mobile collectors, with minimal overhead, reasonable completeness, and limited latency. To that purpose, it carefully considers standard specifications to portably integrate with heterogeneous sensors, in particular by exploiting the Java Media Framework to interwork with cameras, the JSR179 Location API to interface with heterogeneous localization systems, and the Java Communications API to access lower-layer environmental sensors.