gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Zero-Crossing Compensation Scheme for Fixed Off-Time Controlled High Power Factor AC-DC LED Drivers (2016)

A fixed off-time controlled high power factor ac-dc LED driver is proposed in this paper, which employs a novel zero-crossing-compensation (ZCC) circuit based on a fixed off-time controlled scheme. Due to the parasitic parameters of the system, the practical waveforms have a dead region. By detecting the zero-crossing boundary, the proposed ZCC circuit compensates the control signal VCOMP within the dead region, and is invalid above this region. With further optimization of the parameters KR and Kτ of the ZCC circuit, the dead zone can be eliminated and lower THD is achieved. Finally, the chip is implemented in HHNEC 0.5μm 5V/40V HVCMOS process, and a prototype circuit, delivering 7~12W of power to several 3-W LED loads, is tested under AC input voltage ranging from 85V to 265V. The test results indicate that the average total harmonic distortion (THD) of the entire system is approximately 10%, with a minimum of 5.5%, and that the power factor is above 0.955, with a maximum of 0.999.
Single-channel properties and gating of Na+ and K+ channels in the squid giant axon (1995)

This chapter describes patch clamp recordings made from the inner membrane surface of the cut-open squid giant axon, allowing examination of macroscopic ionic currents, gating currents, and single channel fluctuations. The cut-open axon method that allows the access of patch pipettes from the interior of the axon is described. The high density of channels on the squid axon surface makes it ideal for recording gating currents with a large signal-to-noise ratio, and these measurements have provided insights into the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the opening and closing of the ionic channels. To constrain the number of possible models of the gating process it is necessary to gather information on macroscopic ionic and gating currents, and measurements of single-channel fluctuations. In addition, these three types of measurement must be done in the same biological preparation, because the characteristics of ionic channels differ in different species and tissues. The chapter also talks about the properties of the Na+ channel in the squid giant axon, as seen with single-channel recording. These recordings provide direct information on the events occurring close to the open state(s); therefore this type of experiment, combined with the results on macroscopic currents and gating currents, should constrain the models of channel gating. With the cut-open axon technique it is possible to measure not only aspects of the opening and closing of single channels, but also gating currents and macroscopic currents in patches with high channel density. The characteristics of potassium channels of the squid axon are also briefly summarized at the end.
Injectable, Non‐Diffusible, and Pre‐Filled Bone Paste Composed of α‐Tricalcium Phosphate and Hydrophobically Modified Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) (2019)

Herein, injectable, non‐diffusible, and pre‐filled bone pastes are developed using α‐tricalcium phosphate (α‐TCP) and hydrophobically modified poly(vinyl alcohol)s (hm‐PVAs) with various alkyl chain lengths (3–12). The resulting bone pastes show high injectability (over 90%) when the solid–liquid ratio is lower than 3.5. The non‐diffusion property of α‐TCP/hm‐PVAs bone pastes in water and fresh porcine blood is observed compared with α‐TCP alone, α‐TCP/original PVA (Org‐PVA), and commercial calcium phosphate paste. The compressive strength of α‐TCP/nonanal‐modified PVA (C9‐PVA) bone pastes is 5.4 ± 1.4 MPa within 24 h and reaches 27.5 ± 2.7 MPa after 7 days in water. Young's modulus of α‐TCP/C9‐PVA bone pastes is 0.84 ± 0.02 GPa, which is lower than that of commercial calcium phosphate paste (1.5 ± 0.02 GPa) and poly(methyl methacrylate)‐based bone cement (1.06 ± 0.03 GPa). Furthermore, the surface of α‐TCP/C9‐PVA bone pastes shows excellent cell adhesion of cultured osteoblastic cells. These results demonstrate that α‐TCP/C9‐PVA bone paste is a promising bone filler for percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) surgery.
Versatile Cloning Vectors Constructed with Genes Indigenous to a Glutamic Acid-Producer,<i>Brevibacterium lactofermentum</i> (1986)

Journal Article Versatile Cloning Vectors Constructed with Genes Indigenous to a Glutamic Acid-Producer, Brevibacterium lactofermentum Get access Hiroshi Takagi, Hiroshi Takagi Central Research Laboratories of Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki-shi 210, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yasushi Morinaga, Yasushi Morinaga Central Research Laboratories of Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki-shi 210, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kiyoshi Miwa, Kiyoshi Miwa Central Research Laboratories of Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki-shi 210, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shigeru Nakamori, Shigeru Nakamori Central Research Laboratories of Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki-shi 210, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Konosuke Sano Konosuke Sano Central Research Laboratories of Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki-shi 210, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 50, Issue 10, 1 October 1986, Pages 2597–2603, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1986.10867792 Published: 01 October 1986 Article history Received: 15 May 1986 Published: 01 October 1986
An Empirical Polarizable Force Field Based on the Classical Drude Oscillator Model: Development History and Recent Applications (2016)

Molecular mechanics force fields that explicitly account for induced polarization represent the next generation of physical models for molecular dynamics simulations. Several methods exist for modeling induced polarization, and here we review the classical Drude oscillator model, in which electronic degrees of freedom are modeled by charged particles attached to the nuclei of their core atoms by harmonic springs. We describe the latest developments in Drude force field parametrization and application, primarily in the last 15 years. Emphasis is placed on the Drude-2013 polarizable force field for proteins, DNA, lipids, and carbohydrates. We discuss its parametrization protocol, development history, and recent simulations of biologically interesting systems, highlighting specific studies in which induced polarization plays a critical role in reproducing experimental observables and understanding physical behavior. As the Drude oscillator model is computationally tractable and available in a wide range of simulation packages, it is anticipated that use of these more complex physical models will lead to new and important discoveries of the physical forces driving a range of chemical and biological phenomena.
TECHNOLOGY, REAL-TIME NOTATION, AND AUDIENCE PARTICIPATION IN FLOCK (2014)

Flock is a full-evening work for saxophone quartet, dancers, audience participation, electronic sound, and video. In this paper, we discuss the project’s design and implementation and evaluate its success with respect to audience surveys from the premiere performances. 1.
Terahertz detector with transmission-line type superconducting tunnel junctions (2012)

We demonstrate a new type of terahertz detector with superconducting tunnel junctions. The detector has two long junctions integrated on both wings of a log-periodic antenna. In this type of detector, the long junction is a lossy transmission line working based on the Cooper-pair breaking, as well as a standing-wave resonance line working based on the photon-assisted tunneling. A prototype detector using Nb/Al/AlOx/Al/Nb junctions was fabricated, and the principle of the detector was verified. The prototype shows a gradual increase in sensitivity starting from 0.35 THz. We have also identified a resonance signal at 0.25 THz below the effective gap frequency.
Evolution of excimer laser corneal surgery (1989)

Interest in the potential of the excimer laser for refractive surgery was generated by a series of experiments performed in IBM's T.J. Watson laboratories. The development of photoablative decomposition was applied to corneas with immediate implication for corneal refractive control. Scientific investigations demonstrated that submicron erosion ablation of material was possible without damage to remaining tissues. After refinement of the beam and analysis of thresholds, we subsequently demonstrated that healing of large ablated areas in rabbits and then primate eyes would occur without scar formation or loss of transparency. This prompted a number of commercial efforts to develop this device for both refractive and general corneal surgical applications. The early clinical investigations show that a predictable refractive change could be induced in a cornea and this change was stable over many months. Furthermore, the transparency of the cornea was unimpaired. These favorable early results have led to a number of clinical investigations of excimer laser corneal surgery including refractive keratectomy, a direct laser keratomileusis.
Smart Energy Requiements for 6LowApp (2009)

The new Smart Energy (SE) Version 2 (SE 2) is aimed at providing end-
to-end connectivity between energy providers, energy consumers, and
their respective equipment. This effort has been recognized as part of
the Smart Grid roadmap by the US National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST). Whereas SE 1 was based on a proprietary ZigBee
stack, SE 2 will is based on IPv6 with support for IEEE 802.15.4,
HomePlug and use across the Internet. The work in 6LowApp on
application protocols and commissioning is an important component of
SE 2. This document introduces SE 2 along with requirements identified
for 6LowApp and considerations for future work.
Peroneal neuropathy following successful bariatric surgery (2006)

Peroneal neuropathy has been observed in starvation, anorexia, and other situations of extreme weight loss. The authors report a case in which sequential bilateral peroneal neuropathies developed after successful bariatric surgery resulting in a weight loss of 114 lbs over 12 months. The diagnosis was confirmed using nerve conduction studies and electromyography. Clinical improvement occurred with decompressive surgery at the level of the knee.
Organic-matrix-based nanocomposites (2009)

A nanocomposite is a composite material whose dispersed phase constitutes particles at least one of whose free dimensions is in the order of a nanometre or a few dozen nanometres at maximum. Under this definition, many metal-matrix-based nanocomposites are gathered (for instance materials resulting from the dispersion of nanoparticles of oxide, nitride, or metal carbide in matrices or metal alloy), ceramic or inorganic matrices-based nanocomposites, or nanocomposites based on organic matrices. The last group is described in this chapter, with a particular focus on polymer matrices.
Deadlock avoidance for free choice Multi-Reentrant Flow Lines: Critical Siphons &amp; Critical Subsystems (2007)

This paper has two contributions. First, we present an analysis of deadlock avoidance for a generalized case of multi reentrant flow line systems (MRF) called the free choice multi reentrant flow line systems (FMRF). In FMRF, some tasks have multiple resource choices; hence routing decisions have to be made and current results in deadlock avoidance do not hold. This analysis is based on the so-called circular waits (CW) of the resources in the system. For FMRF, the well known notions of critical siphons and critical subsystems must be generalized and we redefine these objects for such systems. Our second contribution provides a matrix formulation that efficiently computes the objects required for deadlock avoidance. A MAXWIP dispatching policy is formulated for deadlock avoidance in FMRF systems. According to this policy, deadlock in FMRF is avoided by limiting the work in progress (WIP) in the critical subsystems of each CW. A main contribution of this paper is a matrix formulation for direct and efficient computation of Petri net objects.
Erratum: Correction of Authors' Name Spelling in the Article “COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases: Clinical Guidance of the Korean College of Rheumatology” (2021)

This corrects the article on p. e95 in vol. 36, PMID: 33783147.
Effects of Variations in Reading Span Task Design on the Relationship Between Working Memory Capacity and Second Language Reading (2014)

Relationships between working memory (WM)—measured by reading span tasks (RSTs)—and second language (L2) reading are explored by probing the effects of differences in secondary task design (semantic vs. morphosyntactic) and the language of the task (first or second). Participants were 98 Turkish late adult learners of English as an L2 with moderate proficiency in the language. They completed a reading comprehension test in English and four RSTs (two in Turkish, two in English) whose processing tasks required judging whether there was an anomaly, morphosyntactic or semantic, depending on the RST. Exploratory factor analysis indicated that the storage component of span tasks loaded on the same factor, suggesting that storage is task- and language-independent. By contrast, L2 learners' processing was affected by the linguistic nature of the task and the language in which it was presented. Additionally, findings point to a significant relationship between L2 reading and learners' storage capacity. As for processing, resources underlying L1 and L2 semantic and L2 morphosyntactic processes contribute to L2 reading, unlike those underlying L1 morphosyntactic processes. These findings attenuate the notion of construct equivalency in WM measurement through RSTs, dependent on secondary task type and language used.
Micromorph Solar Cell Optimization using a ZnO Layer as Intermediate Reflector (2006)

The insertion of a zinc oxide (ZnO) intermediate reflector (ZIR) between the top and bottom cell of a superstrate (p-i-n/p-i-n) micromorph tandem solar cell is analyzed, experimentally and by numerical simulation. Solar cells are deposited onto glass plates coated by surface-textured ZnO layers deposited by low-pressure chemical vapour deposition (LP-CVD). The gain in the top cell short-circuit current density (J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sc</sub> ) obtained by ZIR insertion as well as the corresponding loss for the bottom cell are experimentally observed, for different values of ZIR thickness d. The gain and the loss depend nearly linearly on ZIR thickness for d < 100 nm, the maximum gain is almost 3 mA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Experimental results are compared with an optical simulation. In the latter a three-layer effective media approximation is used for modeling of thin ZIR layers. Micromorph tandem solar cells were deposited on 2 different types of front LP-CVD ZnO layers: (a) a layer optimized for a-Si:H single-junction solar cells; (b) ZnO layers specially developed for muc-Si:H cells and having undergone a novel surface treatment. In case (a) J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sc</sub> =12.1 mA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and initial conversion efficiency is 11.6 %; in case (b) J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sc</sub> =12.8 mA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and initial conversion efficiency is 11.8 %. The open-circuit voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oc</sub> ) value could be improved from 1.32 V to 1.41 V with an increased surface treatment time
Tb<sub>2</sub>Co(B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and Tb<sub>2</sub>Cu(B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub> – two new borates with gadolinite-type structures (2023)

Abstract Using high-pressure/high-temperature synthesis methods, it was possible to increase the number of known borates with a crystal structure derived from gadolinite. Syntheses of Tb 2 Co(B 2 O 5 ) 2 (8 GPa, 1000 °C) and Tb 2 Cu(B 2 O 5 ) 2 (11 GPa, 650 °C) were carried out in a Walker-type multianvil device. The crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods and Rietveld refinements of the powder patterns. The new compounds were further characterized by their infrared spectra. The lanthanoid cobalt and copper borates Tb 2 Co(B 2 O 5 ) 2 and Tb 2 Cu(B 2 O 5 ) 2 crystallize in the monoclinic space group P 2 1 / c (no. 14) with the unit cell parameters a = 4.5630(1), b = 7.2991(2), c = 9.4161(2) Å, and β = 91.14(1)° for the cobalt and a = 4.5757(1), b = 7.3078(2), c = 9.3771(3) Å, β = 90.73(1)° for the copper compound.
Regional blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in dogs (1980)

To determine differences in regional blood flow during CPR versus normal cardiac function, the authors measured regional blood flow to several organs in 19 pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs (6--12 kg). Regional blood flow was measured during sinus rhythm in five dogs and during electrically induced ventricular fibrillation with CPR in the other 14 dogs. Regional blood flow and cardiac output were measured using radioactively labeled polystyrene microspheres of 15 +/- 3 mu diameter, injected into the left ventricle. Adequacy of microsphere mixing at low cardiac outputs was verified by comparing flow rates to paired organs. Cardiac output was 175 ml/kg . min during sinus rhythm versus 47 ml/kg . min during CPR. Flow to all organs sampled was less during CPR, but the relative decrease varied widely. The ratios of regional blood flow during CPR to regional blood flow during sinus rhythm were 90% for brain, 35% for heart, 15% for kidneys, 17% for adrenal glands, 14% for pancreas, 3% for spleen, and 33% for small intestine. These results provide baseline values for regional blood flow during CPR which can be used to evaluate alternative CPR techniques and/or drugs which may improve perfusion of vital organs during CPR.
Nkx2.2 homeodomain transcription factor is required for the development of serotonin-producing cells in the gut (2007)

Nakakura, Eric K. MD, PhD; Gallego, Emerick BS; Lynn, Francis PhD; German, Michael MD; Wang, Yucheng PhD Author Information
Dy-doped CaF<sub>2</sub> transparent ceramics as a functional medium in the broadband mid-infrared spectral region (2020)

Highly transparent Dy:CaF 2 ceramics with various doping concentrations were fabricated by a hot isostatic pressing (HIP). Their optical properties, emission cross-sections, and saturable absorptivities were evaluated to examine their use as a new candidate 3-μm laser functional medium. Based on those evaluations, we demonstrated passively Q -switched operation of a 2.92-μm Er:YAP laser using a Dy:CaF 2 ceramic as a saturable absorber.
Temporal Effects in Simultaneous Pure-Tone Masking in Subjects with High-Frequency Sensorineural Hearing Loss (1988)

Temporal effects in simultaneous pure-tone masking were studied in three subjects with a high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss. The masker level was generally 80 dB SPL, and the signal level was varied adaptively to threshold. Masker frequency was always 1.2 times the signal frequency, and three different frequency regions were studied: (1) signal and masker in region of normal hearing; (2) signal in region of normal hearing and masker in region of hearing loss; and (3) signal and masker in region of hearing loss. In the first experiment, the masker was either gated synchronously with the 20-ms signal or was presented continuously. The gated-continuous threshold difference was largest when both the masker and signal were in a region of normal hearing; that difference decreased, though was not eliminated, when either the masker or the signal-plus-masker was in a region of hearing loss. In the second experiment, threshold was measured for the 20-ms signal as a function of its temporal position within a 400-ms masker. Consistent with the first experiment, the biggest change in masking over time generally occurred when the signal and masker were in a region of normal hearing. These data suggest that the mechanisms responsible for temporal effects in normal-hearing subjects (and in regions of normal hearing in subjects with a hearing loss) are adversely affected by (even a mild) sensorineural hearing loss. Moreover, these data suggest that what may be most important for a normal temporal effect is the integrity of the frequency region where the masker is presented.
Contactless electroporation induced by high intensity pulsed electromagnetic fields via distributed nanoelectrodes (2019)

Pulsed electric fields (PEFs) can be used to transiently increase cell membrane permeability in procedures ranging from gene therapy to tumor eradication. Although very efficient, PEF-based therapies generally require the use of invasive electrodes, which cause pain and tissue damage. An emerging noninvasive, contactless alternative to PEFs are High Intensity Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (HI-PEMF), whereby the electric field inside the tissue is induced remotely by external pulsed magnetic field. However, one of the current major drawbacks of HI-PEMFs is their inferior efficiency compared to PEFs. In this study we present the proof-of-concept that by adding highly conductive 5 and 20 nm gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), we can significantly potentiate the permeabilizing effect of HI-PEMFs, making it possible to permeabilize up to 80% of the cells with minimal or no effect on cell survival, compared to negligible percentage of permeabilized cells using HI-PEMF alone. Experiments, conducted on Chinese Hamster Ovary cells and Escherichia coli, suggest that Au NPs act as distributed nanoelectrodes, locally enhancing the electric field induced at the plasma membrane. Our findings open up an avenue of possibilities for combining naked as well as functionalized Au NPs with HI-PEMFs for noninvasive, remotely controlled smart drug delivery applications.
Crystallisation and preliminary X‐ray diffraction studies of cyclophilin‐tetrapeptide and cyclophilin‐cyclosporin complexes (1990)

Recombinant human cyclophilin has been co-crystallised with a number of peptides to give crystals suitable for X-ray analysis. The crystal complexes for which heavy-atom derivatives have been prepared and X-ray data collected are: cyclophilin with N-acetyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Ala-amidomethyl-coumarin (I) which crystallises in space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with a = 108.2, b = 123.0, c = 35.8 A, and cyclophilin with cyclosporin (II) which crystallises as tetragonal plates in space group P4(1)2(1)2 or P4(3)2(1)2 with a = b = 94.98, c = 278.55 A.