gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gene Coexpression Analysis Reveals Complex Metabolism of the Monoterpene Alcohol Linalool in<i>Arabidopsis</i>Flowers   (2013)

The cytochrome P450 family encompasses the largest family of enzymes in plant metabolism, and the functions of many of its members in Arabidopsis thaliana are still unknown. Gene coexpression analysis pointed to two P450s that were coexpressed with two monoterpene synthases in flowers and were thus predicted to be involved in monoterpenoid metabolism. We show that all four selected genes, the two terpene synthases (TPS10 and TPS14) and the two cytochrome P450s (CYP71B31 and CYP76C3), are simultaneously expressed at anthesis, mainly in upper anther filaments and in petals. Upon transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana, the TPS enzymes colocalize in vesicular structures associated with the plastid surface, whereas the P450 proteins were detected in the endoplasmic reticulum. Whether they were expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae or in N. benthamiana, the TPS enzymes formed two different enantiomers of linalool: (-)-(R)-linalool for TPS10 and (+)-(S)-linalool for TPS14. Both P450 enzymes metabolize the two linalool enantiomers to form different but overlapping sets of hydroxylated or epoxidized products. These oxygenated products are not emitted into the floral headspace, but accumulate in floral tissues as further converted or conjugated metabolites. This work reveals complex linalool metabolism in Arabidopsis flowers, the ecological role of which remains to be determined.
Pervasive and Mobile Computing (2011)

a b s t r a c t In this paper, we present a technique to recognize the position of sensors on the human body. Automatic on-body device localization ensures correctness and accuracy of measurements in health and medical monitoring systems. In addition, it provides opportunities to improve the performance and usability of ubiquitous devices. Our technique uses accelerometers to capture motion data to estimate the location of the device on the user’s body, using mixed supervised and unsupervised time series analysis methods. We have evaluated our technique with extensive experiments on 25 subjects. On average, our technique achieves 89% accuracy in estimating the location of devices on the body. In order to study the feasibility of classification of left limbs from right limbs (e.g., left arm vs. right arm), we performed an analysis, based on which no meaningful classification was observed. Personalized ultraviolet monitoring and wireless transmission power control comprise two immediate applications of our on-body device localization approach. Such applications, along with their corresponding feasibility studies, are discussed.
Voltage-controlled tuning of an organic semiconductor distributed feedback laser using liquid crystals (2011)

Voltage-controlled continuous tuning of the laser wavelength of an organic distributed feedback laser is demonstrated by incorporation of liquid crystals (LCs) in the top cladding layer. Orientation of the LCs and hence the modal refractive index are controlled by applying a lateral electrical field. Laser emission shifts by 4 nm at an applied voltage of 675 V. The device showed lasing thresholds of about 286 nJ per pulse. The tuning behaviour is analyzed by implementation of a voltage-dependent spatial LC director orientation profile in a slab waveguide model and solving the Bragg condition to obtain the voltage-dependent lasing wavelength.
Effects of terrain variations in Wireless Sensor Network deployments (2015)

This research highlights the need for more accurate wireless sensor network deployments (WSN) models to support decision-making. Specifically, it presents the effects of terrain variations on network connectivity in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) deployments. Through use of statistical hypothesis testing, visualization, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), results support significant difference in network connectivity when comparing deployment performance under ideal versus more practical or irregular terrains. These results point to the inadequacy of current simulation environments for supporting deployment decision-making, and point to the need for future research that that improves WSN performance via better deployment techniques.
The Cultivable Surface Microbiota of the Brown Alga Ascophyllum nodosum is Enriched in Macroalgal-Polysaccharide-Degrading Bacteria (2015)

Bacteria degrading algal polysaccharides are key players in the global carbon cycle and in algal biomass recycling. Yet the water column, which has been studied largely by metagenomic approaches, is poor in such bacteria and their algal-polysaccharide-degrading enzymes. Even more surprisingly, the few published studies on seaweed-associated microbiomes have revealed low abundances of such bacteria and their specific enzymes. However, as macroalgal cell-wall polysaccharides do not accumulate in nature, these bacteria and their unique polysaccharidases must not be that uncommon. We, therefore, looked at the polysaccharide-degrading activity of the cultivable bacterial subpopulation associated with Ascophyllum nodosum. From A. nodosum triplicates, 324 bacteria were isolated and taxonomically identified. Out of these isolates, 78 (~25%) were found to act on at least one tested algal polysaccharide (agar, ι- or κ-carrageenan, or alginate). The isolates "active" on algal-polysaccharides belong to 11 genera: Cellulophaga, Maribacter, Algibacter, and Zobellia in the class Flavobacteriia (41) and Pseudoalteromonas, Vibrio, Cobetia, Shewanella, Colwellia, Marinomonas, and Paraglaceciola in the class Gammaproteobacteria (37). A major part represents likely novel species. Different proportions of bacterial phyla and classes were observed between the isolated cultivable subpopulation and the total microbial community previously identified on other brown algae. Here, Bacteroidetes and Gammaproteobacteria were found to be the most abundant and some phyla (as Planctomycetes and Cyanobacteria) frequently encountered on brown algae weren't identified. At a lower taxonomic level, twelve genera, well-known to be associated with algae (with the exception for Colwellia), were consistently found on all three A. nosodum samples. Even more interesting, 9 of the 11 above mentioned genera containing polysaccharolytic isolates were predominant in this common core. The cultivable fraction of the bacterial community associated with A. nodosum is, thus, significantly enriched in macroalgal-polysaccharide-degrading bacteria and these bacteria seem important for the seaweed holobiont even though they are under-represented in alga-associated microbiome studies.
Detecting system use cases and validations from documents (2013)

Identifying system use cases and corresponding validations involves analyzing large requirement documents to understand the descriptions of business processes, rules and policies. This consumes a significant amount of effort and time. We discuss an approach to automate the detection of system use cases and corresponding validations from documents. We have devised a representation that allows for capturing the essence of rule statements as a composition of atomic `Rule intents' and key phrases associated with the intents. Rule intents that co-occur frequently constitute `Rule acts' analogous to the Speech acts in Linguistics. Our approach is based on NLP techniques designed around this Rule Model. We employ syntactic and semantic NL analyses around the model to identify and classify rules and annotate them with Rule acts. We map the Rule acts to business process steps and highlight the combinations as potential system use cases and validations for human supervision.
Leach-Proof Sol–Gel Microcapsules as Curing Agents for One-Pot Thermosetting Resins (2013)

The sol–gel microencapsulation of free-radical initiator benzoyl peroxide in sol–gel methyl-modified silica microcapsules of core/shell geometry allows curing of acrylate-based polyurethane and polyester resin formulations sprayed from a pressurized can without the need to compartmentalize reactants from the initiator to cross-link. These results open the route to widespread application of sol–gel microcapsules to efficiently cure polymer and composite mixtures that are widely used as functional coatings, molding compounds, adhesives, and sealants.
The Reality of Inadequate Patient Care and the Need for a Global Action Framework in Organ Donation and Transplantation (2022)

This document can be used in governmental and policy circles as a call to action and as a checklist for actions needed to enable organ transplantation as treatment for organ failure.
Synthesis and Characterization of Porous Platinum Layers Deposited on Highly Doped n-Type Porous Silicon by Immersion Plating (2006)

In this article, we report on the synthesis and characterization of porous platinum layers on top of highly doped (0.007–0.02 and ) n-type porous silicon by immersion plating. Porous silicon samples of different morphologies were prepared by electrochemical etching. Plating was performed by simple immersion of the porous samples in -containing hexachloroplatinate solutions for some minutes. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the deposits attained up to depth. Moreover, the achieved platinum deposits have a random pore structure, whereas the original porous silicon substrates show an organized honeycomb-like parallel pore array. Electron probe microanalysis measurements showed that the deposits have very good in-depth homogeneity, indicating also that almost all silicon originally present was etched away by platinum. The electrochemically active surface area of the platinum deposits was determined to be on the order of by cyclic voltammetry.
Vectorial Phase Retrieval for Linear Characterization of Attosecond Pulses (2012)

We propose a new linear and all-optical method for attosecond pulses characteri-zation. Our scheme is based only on spectral and polarization measurements. We demonstrate this method numerically on attosecond pulses generated from aligned CO2 molecules.
Exploiting the Bis-Nucleophilicity of α-Aminoboronates: Copper-Catalyzed, Intramolecular Aminoalkylations of Bromobenzoyl Chlorides (2016)

α-Aminoboronate salts are interesting examples of heteroatomic species containing adjacent nucleophilic centers. We have developed an acylation/arylation reaction using 2-bromobenzoyl chlorides as bis-electrophiles that harnesses the nucleophilicity of both positions, leading to isoindolinones. The reactions proceed under mild conditions via an intramolecular, Cu-catalyzed sp(3)-sp(2) coupling, giving products in up to 95% yield. These conditions enable arylation of α,α-disubstituted aminoboronates, which are difficult to accomplish using methods based on less abundant and more expensive transition metals.
Laser Fluorimetric Detection: Application to LC and Capillary Zone Electrophoresis (1987)

The analysis of volatile compounds relies heavily upon gas chromatography (GC) or mass spectrometry (MS) or the combination of GC-MS. Nonvolatile compounds present a more severe challenge to the analyst who frequently relies on liquid chromatography (LC) and in some cases of notable biological importance electrophoresis. But both these resolution techniques are distinctly inferior to the resolution routinely achieved for volatile compounds. To overcome this handicap, much emphasis has been placed on increasing the theoretical plate number of these separation techniques - - in the case of LC by the use of long microcolumns - - and in the case of electrophoresis by using capillary columns which reduce the adverse effects of Joule heating. In both cases the results are rather spectacular with separation power exceeding one million. However, these accomplishments carry with them a penalty in terms of volume of eluent to be analyzed and amount of analyte to be detected - - a penalty which stresses our best instrumentation. This talk summarizes progress on one method to meet this challenge, namely, the use of laser fluoresence excitation as a detection scheme for the minute quantities of effluent associated with the use of LC microcolumns or of open-tube high-voltage capillary electrophoresis.
“Adopt-a-Tissue” Initiative Advances Efforts to Identify Tissue-Specific Histone Marks in the Mare (2021)

Author(s): Kingsley, NB; Hamilton, Natasha A; Lindgren, Gabriella; Orlando, Ludovic; Bailey, Ernie; Brooks, Samantha; McCue, Molly; Kalbfleisch, TS; MacLeod, James N; Petersen, Jessica L; Finno, Carrie J; Bellone, Rebecca R
Biochemical and Histochemical Localization of Monoterpene Biosynthesis in the Glandular Trichomes of Spearmint (<i>Mentha spicata</i>) (1989)

The primary monoterpene accumulated in the glandular trichomes of spearmint (Mentha spicata) is the ketone (-)-carvone which is formed by cyclization of the C(10) isoprenoid intermediate geranyl pyrophosphate to the olefin (-)-limonene, hydroxylation to (-)-trans-carveol and subsequent dehydrogenation. Selective extraction of the contents of the glandular trichomes indicated that essentially all of the cyclase and hydroxylase activities resided in these structures, whereas only about 30% of the carveol dehydrogenase was located here with the remainder located in the rest of the leaf. This distribution of carveol dehydrogenase activity was confirmed by histochemical methods. Electrophoretic analysis of the partially purified carveol dehydrogenase from extracts of both the glands and the leaves following gland removal indicated the presence of a unique carveol dehydrogenase species in the glandular trichomes, suggesting that the other dehydrogenase found throughout the leaf probably utilizes carveol only as an adventitious substrate. These results demonstrate that carvone biosynthesis takes place exclusively in the glandular trichomes in which this natural product accumulates.
Branch Chain Fatty Acids of Human Milk: Influenced by Maternal Diet? (2015)

Human milk (HM) fatty acid (FA) composition differs between mothers. The FA of HM include branched chain fatty acids (BCFA). HM BCFA may be influenced by maternal consumption of ruminant products; data are lacking. We examined BCFA concentrations in HM from 3 urban populations with differing diets: Cincinnati, Shanghai and Mexico City. Sample collection was standardized as part of the GEHM study. Enrollment was limited to healthy mothers of term, singleton infants. FA were extracted from milk using Bligh‐Dyer and analyzed by gas chromatography. Dietary analysis included three 24 hour dietary recalls, limited to Cincinnati mothers. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA. Samples from ~115 women were analyzed per site at postpartum week 4. Cincinnati, Shanghai and Mexican mothers, respectively, had mean age in years of 32, 29, and 25; prepregnancy BMIs of 28, 21, and 24; and parity of 2, 1, and 2. The BCFA iso14:0, iso16:0, iso18:0, iso20:0, anteiso15:0, anteiso17:0 all differed in concentration (p&lt;0.0001) among cohorts. With linear regression of BCFA, site differences persisted after controlling for delivery mode, maternal age and BMI. Intake of dairy was associated with iso14:0, anteiso15:0 and iso16:0 but not the longer BCFA. Beef intake was not associated with any BCFA. The BCFA intake of breastfed infants differs significantly worldwide; its significance requires investigation.
Novel Mechanisms of Calcium Handling by the Osteoclast: A Review–Hypothesis (1999)

The osteoclast is a cell that is unique in its ability to resorb bone and, in doing so, becomes exposed to unusually high millimolar Ca2+ concentrations. It is generally accepted that, during resorption, osteoclasts can "sense" changes in their ambient Ca2+ concentration. This triggers a sharp cytosolic Ca2+ increase through both Ca2+ release and Ca2+ influx. The change in cytosolic Ca2+ is transduced finally into inhibition of bone resorption. It has been shown that a type 2 ryanodine receptor isoform, expressed uniquely in the plasma membrane, functions as a Ca2+ influx channel and possibly as a Ca2+ sensor. Ryanodine receptors are ordinarily Ca2+ release channels that have a microsomal membrane location in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells, including the osteoclasts. However, only recently has it become obvious that ryanodine receptors are also expressed in osteoclast nuclear membranes, at which site they probably gate nucleoplasmic Ca2+ influx. Nucleoplasmic Ca2+ in turn regulates key nuclear processes, including gene expression and apoptosis. Here, we review the potential mechanisms underlying the recognition, movement, and effects of Ca2+ in the osteoclast. We will also speculate on the general biological significance of the unique processes used by the osteoclast to handle high Ca2+ loads during bone resorption.
Understanding Sex Differences in Childhood Undernutrition: A Narrative Review (2022)

Complementing a recent systematic review and meta-analysis which showed that boys are more likely to be wasted, stunted, and underweight than girls, we conducted a narrative review to explore which early life mechanisms might underlie these sex differences. We addressed different themes, including maternal and newborn characteristics, immunology and endocrinology, evolutionary biology, care practices, and anthropometric indices to explore potential sources of sex differences in child undernutrition. Our review found that the evidence on why sex differences occur is limited but that a complex interaction of social, environmental, and genetic factors likely underlies these differences throughout the life cycle. Despite their bigger size at birth and during infancy, in conditions of food deprivation, boys experience more undernutrition from as early as the foetal period. Differences appear to be more pronounced in more severe presentations of undernutrition and in more socioeconomically deprived contexts. Boys are more vulnerable to infectious disease, and differing immune and endocrine systems appear to explain some of this disadvantage. Limited evidence also suggests that different sociological factors and care practices might exert influence and have the potential to exacerbate or reverse observed differences. Further research is needed to better understand sex differences in undernutrition and the implications of these for child outcomes and prevention and treatment programming.
Dark line resonance in Rb&lt;sup&gt;87&lt;/sup&gt; for auto-stabilization of the repetition rate (2006)

We demonstrate dark resonance spectroscopy by scanning solely the repetition rate of the laser, without a need to control the random mode frequency fluctuations. This properties opens the possibility of stabilization without electronics.
ASSOCIATED AORTIC RUPTURE-PELVIC FRACTURE (1992)

Blunt trauma patients with pelvic fractures have been shown to have a two-fold to five-fold increased risk of aortic rupture compared with the overall blunt trauma population. A retrospective review was performed to determine whether the relationship between aortic rupture and pelvic fracture could be further delineated using a pelvic fracture classification based on mechanism of injury. Of 4,157 consecutive blunt trauma patients, 371 (8.9%) had pelvic fractures, 34 (0.8%) had ruptured thoracic aortas and 12 had both injuries. When pelvic fractures were classified according to vector of force, 10 of 12 (83%) aortic ruptures occurred in patients with an anterior-posterior compression fracture pattern, an incidence of aortic rupture eight times greater than that of the overall blunt trauma population. There was no increased incidence of aortic rupture among patients with any other pelvic fracture pattern. We conclude that the previously reported association between aortic rupture and pelvic fracture can be further specified to include, predominantly, those patients with an anterior-posterior compression fracture pattern.
Immunohistochemical detection of osteosarcoma-associated antigen in canine osteosarcoma. (1989)

Monoclonal antibodies TP-1 and TP-3, which detect an antigen expressed on the cells of human osteosarcoma, were tested by immunohistochemical staining for binding to normal and neoplastic canine tissues. In dogs, as in man, TP antibodies stained the tumor cells of all (13/13) osteosarcomas tested. Limited staining was found in a wide range of normal canine tissues. A proportion of cells in some canine carcinomas also stained, which was unexpected on the basis of the unique mesenchymal specificity of these antibodies in human tissues. TP monoclonal antibodies detect epitopes common to osteosarcomas in man and dog and are potentially valuable for the in vitro and in vivo comparative study of this tumor.
An efficient virtual system clock for the wireless raspberry pi computer platform (2016)

Summary The use of Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) by Energy‐Efficient (EE) computer systems considerably increases the requirements regarding the design of efficient system clocks. On the one hand, the operation of a system clock must support the independent operating frequencies of the processor core units, the dynamic migration of the running processes between the processors core units, and the use of synchronization and time interpolation techniques to maintain the accuracy of the system clock. On the other hand, an efficient system clock has to minimize the overhead of its own operation, aiming at energy efficiency of EE computer systems. In this paper, we present the design and evaluation of the RVEC virtual system clock for the EE Wireless Raspberry Pi (RasPi) platform. In the RasPi platform, the use of DVFS for reducing the energy consumption hinders the direct use of the cycle count of the ARM11 processor core for building an efficient system clock. Therefore, a distinct feature of RVEC is to obviate this obstacle, such that it can make use of the cycle count circuit for precise and accurate time measurements, concurrently with the use of DVFS by the operating system of the ARM11 processor core. Specifically, this paper presents the design and experimental evaluation of an implementation of the RVEC virtual system clock in the Linux kernel of the RasPi platform with DVFS. Our experimental results validate the RVEC virtual system clock as an efficient system clock for the EE RasPi platform that runs the Linux operating system. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Phase I trial of biochemotherapy with cisplatin, temozolomide, and dose escalation of nab-paclitaxel combined with interleukin-2 and interferon-α in patients with metastatic melanoma (2014)

The primary objective of this study was to determine the safety, toxicity, and maximum tolerated dose of nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-paclitaxel as part of biochemotherapy for metastatic melanoma and to determine whether substituting nab-paclitaxel for less potent agents could increase response rates and duration. Treatment consisted of intravenous cisplatin (20 mg/m) on days 1-4, oral temozolomide (250 mg/m) on days 1-3, subcutaneous interferon-α (5×10 IU/m) on days 1-5, and continuous intravenous interleukin-2 (9×10 IU/m) for 96 h on days 1-4. A standard 3+3 dose escalation method was used; the nab-paclitaxel starting dose was 100 mg/m on day 1 and 70 mg/m on day 5. The treatment cycle was repeated every 3 weeks and toxicity was assessed weekly. Ten patients were enrolled. Dose-limiting toxicities included diarrhea, transaminasemia, and neutropenia. The maximum tolerated dose was not identified because the nab-paclitaxel dose on day 1 at the lowest planned dose (80 mg/m) caused dose-limiting toxicity in two of five patients. Of the nine patients who were evaluable for response, five had a partial response. The median time to disease progression was 5.30 months and the median overall survival was 8.73 months. Six patients developed central nervous system metastasis at a median of 5.33 months after treatment initiation. Biochemotherapy including nab-paclitaxel according to the doses and schedule regimen used in the present study has significant toxicity. Substituting dacarbazine with temozolomide did not prevent central nervous system metastasis in patients with metastatic melanoma.