gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prostaglandin D<sub>2</sub>Protects Neonatal Mouse Brain from Hypoxic Ischemic Injury (2007)

Prostaglandin D2 (PGD) is synthesized by hematopoietic PGD synthase (HPGDS) or lipocalin-type PGDS (L-PGDS), depending on the organ in which it is produced, and binds specifically to either DP1 or DP2 receptors. We investigated the role of PGD2 in the pathogenesis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in neonatal mice at postnatal day 7. In wild-type mice, hypoxia-ischemia increased PGD2 production in the brain up to 90-fold compared with the level in sham-operated brains at 10 min after cessation of hypoxia. Whereas the size of the infarct was not changed in L-PGDS or DP2 knock-out mouse brains compared with that in the wild-type HIE brains, it was significantly increased in HPGDS-L-PGDS double knock-out or DP1 knock-out mice. The PGD2 level in L-PGDS, HPGDS, and HPGDS-L-PGDS knock-out mice at 10 min of reoxygenation was 46, 7, and 1%, respectively, of that in the wild-type ones, indicating the infarct size to be in inverse relation to the amount of PGD2 production. DP1 receptors were exclusively expressed in endothelial cells after 1 h of reoxygenation, and cerebral blood flow decreased more rapidly after the onset of hypoxia and did not return to the baseline level after reoxygenation in HPGDS-L-PGDS knock-out mice. Endothelial cells were severely damaged in HPGDS-L-PGDS and DP1 knock-out mice after 1 h of reoxygenation. In the human neonatal HIE brain, HPGDS-positive microglia were increased in number. In conclusion, it is probable that PGD2 protected the neonatal brain from hypoxic-ischemic injury mainly via DP1 receptors by preventing endothelial cell degeneration.
Immanent Dichromatic in Trichromatic Observer: Based on MDS Analyses of R-G Neutral- and Y-B Only Changed- Stimuli Observation Results (2019)

Proceedings of the International Display Workshops Volume 26 (IDW '19),Immanent Dichromatic in Trichromatic Observer: Based on MDS Analyses of R-G Neutral- and Y-B Only Changed- Stimuli Observation Results
Exponential Stabilization of a Wheeled Mobile Robot Via Discontinuous Control (1999)

In the present work the problem of exponential stabilization of the kinematic and dynamic model of a simple wheeled mobile robot is addressed and solved using a discontinuous, bounded, time invariant, state feedback control law. The properties of the closed-loop system are studied in detail and its performance in presence of model errors and noisy measurements are evaluated and discussed.
Towards Integrating True Random Number Generation in Coherent Optical Transceivers (2020)

The integration of quantum communication functions often requires dedicated opto-electronic components that do not bode well with the technology roadmaps of telecom systems. We investigate the capability of commercial coherent transceiver sub-systems to support quantum random number generation next to classical data transmission, and demonstrate how the quantum entropy source based on vacuum fluctuations can be potentially converted into a true random number generator for this purpose. We discuss two possible implementations, building on a receiver- and a transmitter-centric architecture. In the first scheme, balanced homodyne broadband detection in a coherent intradyne receiver is exploited to measure the vacuum state at the input of a 90-degree hybrid. In our proof-of-principle demonstration, a clearance of >2 dB between optical and electrical noise is obtained over a wide bandwidth of more than 11 GHz. In the second scheme, we propose and evaluate the re-use of monitoring photodiodes of a polarization-multiplexed inphase/quadrature modulator for the same purpose. Time-interleaved random number generation is demonstrated for 10 Gbaud polarization-multiplexed quadrature phase shift keyed data transmission. The availability of detailed models will allow to calculate the extractable entropy and we accordingly show randomness extraction for our two proof-of-principle experiments, employing a two-universal strong extractor.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Preexisting Levels of CD4 T Cells Expressing PD-1 Are Related to Overall Survival in Prostate Cancer Patients Treated with Ipilimumab (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1. Patient baseline characteristics.&lt;/p&gt;
Scoping study of SNM detection and indentification for adjunct on-site treaty monitoring. Final report (1995)

Following the fall of the Soviet Union, political pressure to negotiate meaningful nuclear arms agreements with Russia and the former soviet republics has increased. Anticipating the monitoring requirements of a future treaty for the decommissioning and disassembly of nuclear warheads presents opportunities to review existing monitoring technologies and to explore new methods to detect and analyze intrinsic radiation. Fully instrumented radiation-detection systems with a range of monitoring capabilities are available, but special-purpose instruments will still need to be developed to match increasing demands for high-confidence, low-intrusion monitoring in a specific scenario. As a guide to present capabilities in monitoring technologies, we have categorized their relevant attributes to detect and identify special nuclear material based on levels of confidence, intrusiveness, vulnerability, and other critical concerns. To add additional flexibility, we review emerging technologies and estimate the development time to bring them to operational status.
Similarity models for internet host location (2004)

A whole new class of location-aware services may be envisaged by the deployment of a geographic location service for Internet hosts. We focus on a technique that relies on delay measurements and the exploitation of a possible correlation between geographic distance and network delay. Our investigation shows that such a correlation becomes stronger as connectivity becomes richer. Host locations are inferred by comparing delay patterns of geographically distributed landmarks (hosts with a known geographic location) with the delay pattern of the target host to be located. The problem we deal with is how to best measure the similarity between the delay patterns of the landmarks and the one observed for the target host. The location estimation of the target host is the location of the landmark that presents the most similar delay pattern with respect to the one of the target host. We define and evaluate three similarity models. Experiments show that the previously adopted Euclidean distance is outperformed by other similarity models, resulting in a more accurate Internet host location from delay measurements.
Sequence of the A-protein of coliphage MS2. I. Isolation of A-protein, determination of the NH2- and COOH-terminal sequences, isolation and amino acid sequence of the tryptic peptides. (1977)

The A-protein of coliphage MS2 was purified to a state of sufficient homogeneity to study its primary structure. The NH2-terminal sequence was determined for the first 8 residues. Comparison with the reported sequence of R17 protein (Weiner, A. M., Platt, T., and Weber, K. (1972) J. Biol. Chem. 247, 3242-3251) shows a difference at position 6 where alanine in R17 is replaced by threonine in MS2. The COOH-terminal sequence was shown to be -Arg-Leu-Ser-Arg, confirming the existence of UAG as the termination codon of the maturation protein (Comtreras, R., Ysebaert, M., Min Jou, W., and Fiers, W. (19731 Nature New Biol. 241, 99-101; Vandekerckhove, J., Nolf, F., and Van Montagu, M. C. (1973) Nature New Biol. 241, 102; Remaut E., and Fiers, W. (1972) J. Mol. Biol. 71, 243-261). Peptides obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis with trypsin were fractionated by a combination of gel filtration and paper electrophoresis and chromatography. Thirty-eight peptides were analyzed for amino acid composition and sequence. They provide information for 312 of the 393 residues of the A-protein polypeptide chain.
Learning about coronal heating from solar wind observations (2005)

Vlasov theory describing the interaction of Alfvén-cyclotron fluctuations and ions in the collisionless solar wind predicts that alpha particles should be strongly scattered perpendicular to the background magnetic field when the alpha/proton relative velocity vαp is negative or has a sufficiently small positive value relative to the Alfvén speed vA. This theory also predicts that, if vαp∕vA is positive and sufficiently large, it is the protons which are scattered in the perpendicular direction, although less strongly. Here proton and alpha particle anisotropies measured in the solar wind near 1AU (AU, astronomical unit) by the plasma and magnetic field instruments on the Advanced Composition Explorer spacecraft are reported which are consistent with these predicted signatures. This indicates that Alfvén-cyclotron heating of ions is active in the solar wind; by using this medium to study this fundamental process, a greater understanding may be obtained of how Alfvén-cyclotron scattering contributes to heating of ions in the solar corona.
Cadmium Ion Adsorption on Carboxyl-Terminated Iron Oxide Beads (2004)

The affinity of Cd2+ toward carboxyl-terminated iron oxide beads (C-TIOB, Sigma) suspended in aqueous solutions was investigated using anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) as a function of both pH and [Cd2+] in the μM range. Advantage was taken of the superparamagnetic character of C-TIOB to confine and/or remove the beads within the enclosed vessel, using an external magnet, and thus assess the influence of dispersed C-TIOB on the amount of Cd2+ detected by ASV. Within experimental error, the difference between ASV data recorded before and after adding and then confining the particles by magnetic means, which provides a measure of the amount of Cd2+ adsorbed on C-TIOB, was found to yield results comparable to those of identical measurements with fully dispersed C-TIOB. Adsorption data collected as a function of [Cd2+] and pH revealed a marked increase in the binding constant of Cd2+ for carboxylate ions upon attachment to the solid support, over values predicted strictly from standard solution phase equilibria.
Coil Combination Method for Peak-Combination HARP (2006)

+(x)) are: P ± (x)=± (x)+ (x), where (x) describes the displacement-encoded phase contrast resulting from tagging. (x) contains any remaining phase unrelated to motion, including the coil phases. With peakcombination HARP, P (x) is subtracted from P + (x): P + (x)–P (x)= 2 (x), thus eliminating any phase contribution from the different coil elements. Hence, the peak-combined HARP images of different coil elements can be combined in a straightforward fashion: The coil combined HARP phase P(x) is calculated by first weighing the peakcombined HARP-image Pc(x) of each coil element c with the weight wc(x) and then calculating the complex average over all coil elements (Fig.1): P(x)=arg( wc(x)e iP c(x)
Maps of context-dependent putative regulatory regions and genomic signal interactions (2016)

Gene transcription is regulated mainly by transcription factors (TFs). ENCODE and Roadmap Epigenomics provide global binding profiles of TFs, which can be used to identify regulatory regions. To this end we implemented a method to systematically construct cell-type and species-specific maps of regulatory regions and TF-TF interactions. We illustrated the approach by developing maps for five human cell-lines and two other species. We detected ∼144k putative regulatory regions among the human cell-lines, with the majority of them being ∼300 bp. We found ∼20k putative regulatory elements in the ENCODE heterochromatic domains suggesting a large regulatory potential in the regions presumed transcriptionally silent. Among the most significant TF interactions identified in the heterochromatic regions were CTCF and the cohesin complex, which is in agreement with previous reports. Finally, we investigated the enrichment of the obtained putative regulatory regions in the 3D chromatin domains. More than 90% of the regions were discovered in the 3D contacting domains. We found a significant enrichment of GWAS SNPs in the putative regulatory regions. These significant enrichments provide evidence that the regulatory regions play a crucial role in the genomic structural stability. Additionally, we generated maps of putative regulatory regions for prostate and colorectal cancer human cell-lines.
Model-driven development of integrated health management architectures (2004)

While technological advances are producing systems of unprecedented performance and allowing industry to focus on network-centric systems of systems solutions, the success of these efforts also requires unparalleled system availability and imposes a considerable challenge to the design of health management (HM) and support capabilities. Improved performance of real time system HM and maintenance functions is therefore becoming a primary design goal of complex systems. This paper discusses Boeing's approach to the development of model-driven integrated support architectures, which is illustrated by examining a representative case study that can be applied to both new and legacy programs.
Marked Inhibition of Growth and Invasive Parameters of Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma FaDu by a Nutrient Mixture (2009)

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are known for their aggressive growth and propensity to metastasize. The authors investigated the effect of a novel nutrient mixture (NM) containing ascorbic acid, lysine, proline, and green tea extract on human HNSCC cell line FaDu in vivo and in vitro. Athymic male nude mice (n = 12) were inoculated with 3 x 10(6) FaDu cells subcutaneously and randomly divided into 2 groups: group A was fed a regular diet and group B a regular diet supplemented with 0.5% NM. Four weeks later, the mice were sacrificed and their tumors were excised, weighted, and processed for histology. In vitro, FaDu cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and exposed to NM at 0 to 1000 microg/mL in triplicate. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) secretion by gelatinase zymography, invasion through Matrigel, apoptosis by live-green caspases, and cell morphology by hematoxylin-eosin staining. NM inhibited the growth of tumors by 55% (P = .0002) and exhibited dose-dependent toxicity on FaDu cells in vitro, with 53% (P = .0003) at 1000 microg/mL NM. Zymography revealed MMP-2 and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced MMP-9 secretion. NM inhibited secretion of both MMPs in a dose-dependent manner, with virtual total inhibition at 1000 microg/mL. NM significantly inhibited FaDu invasion through Matrigel with total block at 1000 microg/mL. NM induced dose-dependent apoptosis. In conclusion, NM has therapeutic potential in the treatment of HNSCC by significantly suppressing tumor growth and significantly inhibiting MMP secretion and invasion of HNSCC cells in vitro.
Rapamycin Rescues Age-Related Changes in Muscle-Derived Stem/Progenitor Cells from Progeroid Mice (2019)

Aging-related loss of adult stem cell function contributes to impaired tissue regeneration. Mice deficient in zinc metalloproteinase STE24 (<i>Zmpste24</i> <sup>-/-</sup>) exhibit premature age-related musculoskeletal pathologies similar to those observed in children with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS). We have reported that muscle-derived stem/progenitor cells (MDSPCs) isolated from <i>Zmpste24</i> <sup>-/-</sup> mice are defective in their proliferation and differentiation capabilities in culture and during tissue regeneration. The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) regulates cell growth, and inhibition of the mTORC1 pathway extends the lifespan of several animal species. We therefore hypothesized that inhibition of mTORC1 signaling would rescue the differentiation defects observed in progeroid MDSPCs. MDSPCs were isolated from <i>Zmpste24</i> <sup><i>-/-</i></sup> mice, and the effects of mTORC1 on MDSPC differentiation and function were examined. We found that mTORC1 signaling was increased in senescent <i>Zmpste24</i> <sup>-/-</sup> MDSPCs, along with impaired chondrogenic, osteogenic, and myogenic differentiation capacity versus wild-type MDSPCs. Interestingly, we observed that mTORC1 inhibition with rapamycin improved myogenic and chondrogenic differentiation and reduced levels of apoptosis and senescence in <i>Zmpste24</i> <sup>-/-</sup> MDSPCs. Our results demonstrate that age-related adult stem/progenitor cell dysfunction contributes to impaired regenerative capacities and that mTORC1 inhibition may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for improving differentiation capacities of senescent stem and muscle progenitor cells.
Physical Layer Performance of Multi-User Detection in Broadband Multi-Beam Systems based on DVB-S2 (2014)

In this paper we investigate the physical layer performance that can be obtained in a DVB-S2-based broadband system when high frequency reuse is applied and Multi-User Detection (MUD) is adopted at the receiver side to cope with the presence of interference. By calculating the Bit Error Rate (BER) which results from the application of MUD in various cases, the sensitivity of the algorithm to the signals' parameters is first assessed. Then, we show that by jointly detecting/decoding the useful signal and the interferers the peak data rate of the users affected by strong co-channel interference can be significantly increased.
Optimal sensor placement in structural health monitoring using discrete optimization (2015)

The objective of optimal sensor placement (OSP) is to obtain a sensor layout that gives as much information of the dynamic system as possible in structural health monitoring (SHM). The process of OSP can be formulated as a discrete minimization (or maximization) problem with the sensor locations as the design variables, conditional on the constraint of a given sensor number. In this paper, we propose a discrete optimization scheme based on the artificial bee colony algorithm to solve the OSP problem after first transforming it into an integer optimization problem. A modal assurance criterion-oriented objective function is investigated to measure the utility of a sensor configuration in the optimization process based on the modal characteristics of a reduced order model. The reduced order model is obtained using an iterated improved reduced system technique. The constraint is handled by a penalty term added to the objective function. Three examples, including a 27 bar truss bridge, a 21-storey building at the MIT campus and the 610 m high Canton Tower, are investigated to test the applicability of the proposed algorithm to OSP. In addition, the proposed OSP algorithm is experimentally validated on a physical laboratory structure which is a three-story two-bay steel frame instrumented with triaxial accelerometers. Results indicate that the proposed method is efficient and can be potentially used in OSP in practical SHM.
Challenges faced in clinical trials for chronic allergic conjunctivitis (2015)

Allergic conjunctivitis is an inflammatory disorder at the ocular surface that affects 40% of Americans with allergic symptoms. Treatment of chronic ocular allergy is currently limited and is often associated with severe side effects. Development of new therapeutics to address this unmet need has proved challenging due to the highly variable nature of this disorder. Historically, clinical studies for the evaluation of pharmacological agents for the treatment of ocular allergy relied on seasonal and/or chamber models, both of which are associated with a number of limitations resulting in inconsistent and, oftentimes, non-reproducible study conditions. The development of the conjunctival allergen challenge model in 1990 provided a highly effective means for the study of ocular allergy. Recently, modifications to this model with multiple successive allergen challenges have shown to mimic the chronic allergic response and will likely be pivotal in the development of new therapeutics for chronic allergic conjunctivitis.
Association of hyperglycemia and molecular subclass on survival in IDH-wildtype glioblastoma (2022)

Higher average glucose values were associated with poorer OS in RTKI and Mesenchymal IDH-wt GBM, but not RTKII. There were no discernible epigenetic or metabolomic differences between tumors in different glucose environments, suggesting a potential survival benefit to lowering systemic glucose in selected molecular subtypes.
Systems design using mechatronics components (1998)

Yaskawa predicted the trend in machinery technology where mechanics merge with electronics as early as 1972 when the term `mechatronics' was introduced as the trademark of the company. Today mechatronics is evolving into mechatronics systems through the development and addition of systems technology. Yaskawa dates back to 1915 where 3-phase induction motors were developed for the Japanese mining industry. Two examples are used to illustrate the commercially successful application of mechatronics: a typical labelling machine requiring very fast yet precise point to point positioning of a labelling head relative to a continuously moving feed of product; and NC controllers and drive systems. (4 pages)
Long-term, High-resolution Confocal Time Lapse Imaging of &lt;em&gt;Arabidopsis Cotyledon&lt;/em&gt; Epidermis during Germination (2012)

Imaging in vivo dynamics of cellular behavior throughout a developmental sequence can be a powerful technique for understanding the mechanics of tissue patterning. During animal development, key cell proliferation and patterning events occur very quickly. For instance, in Caenorhabditis elegans all cell divisions required for the larval body plan are completed within six hours after fertilization, with seven mitotic cycles1; the sixteen or more mitoses of Drosophila embryogenesis occur in less than 24 hr2. In contrast, cell divisions during plant development are slow, typically on the order of a day 3,4,5 . This imposes a unique challenge and a need for long-term live imaging for documenting dynamic behaviors of cell division and differentiation events during plant organogenesis. Arabidopsis epidermis is an excellent model system for investigating signaling, cell fate, and development in plants. In the cotyledon, this tissue consists of air- and water-resistant pavement cells interspersed with evenly distributed stomata, valves that open and close to control gas exchange and water loss. Proper spacing of these stomata is critical to their function, and their development follows a sequence of asymmetric division and cell differentiation steps to produce the organized epidermis (Fig. 1). This protocol allows observation of cells and proteins in the epidermis over several days of development. This time frame enables precise documentation of stem-cell divisions and differentiation of epidermal cells, including stomata and epidermal pavement cells. Fluorescent proteins can be fused to proteins of interest to assess their dynamics during cell division and differentiation processes. This technique allows us to understand the localization of a novel protein, POLAR6, during the proliferation stage of stomatal-lineage cells in the Arabidopsis cotyledon epidermis, where it is expressed in cells preceding asymmetric division events and moves to a characteristic area of the cell cortex shortly before division occurs. Images can be registered and streamlined video easily produced using public domain software to visualize dynamic protein localization and cell types as they change over time.
Hybrid Backside Illuminated CMOS Imager for High-End Applications (2011)

In this paper we present a successful integration scheme of a backside illuminated 1024x1024 pixel, 30µm thin, sensor array that is flip chipped on a ROIC die with 10µm diameter Indium micro bumps, where the pixel pitch is 22.5µm. Special attention is given to critical steps leading towards high broadband quantum efficiency It is shown that through introduction of a high aspect ratio pixel separating trenches, inter pixel electrical crosstalk can be avoided. In the end, to increase bump yield, an alternative micro bump formation by means of CuSn bumps is presented.