gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low rate speech representation by vector quantizing transform components (1991)

A transform-based system is described for vector quantizing speech at 4800 BPS. Multiple codebooks were used to quantize groups of harmonic components of speech, corresponding to different frequency bands. To ensure that the distortion caused by the vector quantizer at low frequencies was kept at a minimum, low-dimensionality codebooks were used. Furthermore, to reduce the errors of the FFT resolution, transform components, within the baseband and adjacent to the pitch-harmonic components, were also encoded and quantized by low-dimensionality codebooks. This was found to improve the quality of speech. Speech produced at 4800 BPS using this method was found to be of good quality, particularly for female speakers. This is because the number of harmonic components required for female (high-pitch) speakers is generally smaller than that required for male (low-pitch) speakers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Modeling driver behavior with different degrees of automation : a hierarchical decision framework of interacting mental models (1998)

An integrated driver model is presented in which cognitive constructs such as driver needs are causally connected to the orchesfration of skill based driving tasks. The proposed three layer hierarchical structure is composed of satisficing decision makers who communicate with intermediate layers of dynamic mental models. The decision makers direct the information flow and decide which mental model is consulted and/or activated and when. Mental models on the other hand provide information at different levels of abstraction that guides the decision making process. With the aid of this hierarchical driver model, predictions can be made about how automation of particular driving subtask may influence the overall driving behavior and to what degree these may be driver dependent. We particularly focus on the effects of introducing an Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) system by exploring the dynamics of the driver's ACC mental model as a function of experience with the ACC. K e y w o r d s : Driver model, mental models, adaptive cruise control, satisficing decision making; humanmachine interaction.
Human Joint Angle Estimation with Inertial Sensors and Validation with A Robot Arm (2015)

Traditionally, human movement has been captured primarily by motion capture systems. These systems are costly, require fixed cameras in a controlled environment, and suffer from occlusion. Recently, the availability of low-cost wearable inertial sensors containing accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers have provided an alternative means to overcome the limitations of motion capture systems. Wearable inertial sensors can be used anywhere, cannot be occluded, and are low cost. Several groups have described algorithms for tracking human joint angles. We previously described a novel approach based on a kinematic arm model and the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). Our proposed method used a minimal sensor configuration with one sensor on each segment. This paper reports significant improvements in both the algorithm and the assessment. The new model incorporates gyroscope and accelerometer random drift models, imposes physical constraints on the range of motion for each joint, and uses zero-velocity updates to mitigate the effect of sensor drift. A high-precision industrial robot arm precisely quantifies the performance of the tracker during slow, normal, and fast movements over continuous 15-min recording durations. The agreement between the estimated angles from our algorithm and the high-precision robot arm reference was excellent. On average, the tracker attained an RMS angle error of about 3(°) for all six angles. The UKF performed slightly better than the more common Extended Kalman Filter.
Supplementary Table S1 from Impact of Disseminated Neuroblastoma Cells on the Identification of the Relapse-Seeding Clone (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S1. Tumor cell content of samples of the single neuroblastoma patient&lt;/p&gt;
Overexpression of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Kinase 6 in the Heart Improves Functional Recovery from Ischemia in Vitro and Protects against Myocardial Infarction in Vivo (2004)

The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) have been the subject of many studies to identify signaling pathways that promote cell survival or death. In cultured cardiac myocytes, p38 MAPK promotes cell survival or death depending on whether it is activated by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 (MKK6) or MKK3, respectively. The objectives of the current study were to examine the effects of MKK6-mediated p38 activation in the heart in vivo. Accordingly, we generated transgenic (TG) mice that overexpress wild type MKK6 in a cardiac-restricted manner. Although p38 was about 17-fold more active in TG than non-transgenic (NTG) mouse hearts, TG mouse hearts were morphologically and functionally similar to those of NTG littermates. However, upon transient ischemia followed by reperfusion, the MKK6 TG mouse hearts exhibited significantly better functional recovery and less injury than NTG mouse hearts. Because MKK6 increases levels of the protective small heat shock protein, alpha B-crystallin (alpha BC), in cultured cardiac myocytes, we examined alpha BC levels in the mouse hearts. The level of alpha BC was 2-fold higher in MKK6 TG than NTG mouse hearts. Moreover, ischemia followed by reperfusion induced a 6.4-fold increase in alpha BC levels in the mitochondrial fractions of TG mouse hearts but no increase in alpha BC levels in any of the other fractions analyzed. These alterations in alpha BC expression and localization suggest possible mechanisms of cardioprotection in MKK6 TG mouse hearts.
Agreement and Repeatability of the Sonogage Ultrasound Pachometer Compared with a Mitutoyo Micrometer (2008)

The measurements taken with the Sonogage pachometer are comparable with those taken with the micrometer when measuring polymacon disks with properties similar to corneal epithelium and total corneal thickness.
IDEL: In-Database Neural Entity Linking (2019)

We present a novel architecture In-Database Entity Linking (IDEL), in which we integrate the analytical RDBMS MonetDB with neural text mining abilities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first defacto implemented system integrating entity-linking in a database. IDEL represents text and relational data in a joint vector space with neural embeddings and can compensate errors with ambiguous entity representations. To detect matching entities, we propose a novel similarity function based on joint neural embeddings which are learned via minimizing pairwise contrastive ranking loss. This function utilizes high dimensional index structures for fast retrieval of matching entities. The system achieves zero cost for data shipping and transformation by utilizing MonetDB's ability to embed Python processes in its kernel and exchange data in NumPy arrays. We report from experiments on the WebNLG corpus on ten entity types high F-measures and low execution times.
In situ-generated thrombin is the only enzyme that effectively activates factor VIII and factor V in thromboplastin-activated plasma (1989)

We investigated the activation of the nonenzymatic protein cofactors factor VIII and factor V in plasma when coagulation was initiated by thromboplastin. With sensitive bioassays, we were able to measure specifically the generation of activated factor VIII and activated factor V in plasma. Our results showed that when plasma was triggered with a relatively high concentration of thromboplastin, factor VIII and factor V were completely activated at the clotting time of plasma. However, when the generation of thrombin, but not that of factor Xa, was delayed by addition of hirudin to the plasma, factor Va was generated only at the time thrombin generation overcame the hirudin inhibition. In addition, generation of factor VIIIa correlated with thrombin generation and not with factor Xa generation. Furthermore, addition of large amounts of factor Xa to hirudinized plasma did not show detectable factor VIII or factor V activation. We concluded that in plasma activated with thromboplastin the enzyme responsible for activation of factor V and factor VIII is thrombin, not factor Xa.
Tumor agnostic efficacy and safety of erdafitinib in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors with prespecified fibroblast growth factor receptor alterations (<i>FGFRalt</i>) in RAGNAR: Interim analysis (IA) results. (2022)

3007 Background: Erdafitinib (erda) is an oral selective pan-FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved to treat locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) in adults with susceptible FGFR3/2alt who have progressed during or after ≥ 1 line of platinum containing chemotherapy . FGFRalt are observed across a wide range of malignancies and may function as oncogenic drivers independent of the underlying tumor type. RAGNAR (NCT04083976) is an ongoing phase 2 open label, single arm tumor agnostic trial investigating the efficacy and safety of erda in pretreated adult and pediatric pts with advanced solid tumors and FGFRalt. Here, we report results from a planned IA of RAGNAR. Methods: Pts aged ≥ 6 y with advanced or metastatic solid tumors of any histology (except UC) with predefined FGFR1-4alt (mutations/fusions based on local/central test) and documented disease progression on ≥ 1 prior line of systemic therapy (tx) and no alternative standard tx received oral erda until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary end point is objective response rate (ORR) by independent review committee (IRC). Secondary end points include investigator assessed ORR, duration of response (DOR), disease control rate (DCR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), PFS, OS, and treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Results: As of the IA data cutoff, 178 pts were treated (median age 56.5 y [range 12-79], median 2 prior systemic tx). Only 9.0% of pts responded to last line of tx prior to study entry. ORR by IRC was 29.2% (95% CI, 22.7-36.5). Investigator assessed ORR was 26.4% (95% CI, 20.1-33.5). Responses were observed in 14 distinct tumor types, including gliomas, thoracic, gastrointestinal, gynecological, and rare tumors (Table). ORR in pts with FGFR mutations vs fusions was comparable (26.8% vs 27.0%, respectively). Median DOR, PFS, and OS were 7.1 mo (95% CI, 5.5-9.3), 5.2 mo (95% CI, 4.0-5.6), and 10.9 mo (95% CI, 7.9-14.3), respectively; DCR was 75.3% and CBR was 48.9%. All pts experienced TEAEs, including 69.1% with grade ≥ 3. Treatment-related serious TEAEs occurred in 7.3% of pts. Conclusions: RAGNAR data show, for the first time, evidence of efficacy for erda in heavily pretreated pts with a variety of hard to treat advanced FGFR+ malignancies, including glioblastoma, pancreatic, and salivary gland cancers. Safety was consistent with the known erda safety profile. Clinical trial information: NCT04083976. [Table: see text]
Shear Strength of Slabs with Double- Headed Shear Studs in Radial and Orthogonal Layouts (2009)

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The Baculovirus Expression System: A Laboratory Guide (1993)

The Baculovirus Expression System: A Laboratory Guide Get access The Baculovirus Expression System: A Laboratory GuideKing L. A. Possee R. D. Chapman and Hall, London, 1992 229 pp., $65.00 ISBN 0-412-37150-2 Bruce D. Hammock Bruce D. Hammock Department of Entomology University of California Davis, CA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 86, Issue 4, 1 July 1993, Pages 510–511, https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/86.4.510 Published: 01 July 1993
Systemic Comorbidities of Dry Eye Syndrome (2015)

We found that patients with dry eye syndrome have a higher prevalence of several systemic comorbidities. A more comprehensive therapeutic approach considering the effect of systemic medication may be necessary in these patients.
Triplet States of Oligothiophenes and Electron Transfer to C<sub>60</sub>: A Pulsed EPR Investigation (1994)

Abstract Triplet states of oligothiophenes and C60 were excited by a pulsed laser light using a Nd:YAG laser. The finestructure values D, E of different endcapped oligothiophenes (EC3T, EC4T, and ECST) were determined from pulsed EPR-spectra. Time resolution was applied to study the kinetics and relaxation times. A photoinduced electron transfer from EC4T to C60 in liquid solutions was investigated in detail. Fourier transform of the free induction decays results in spectra of the transient triplet state and of the transient C60 monoradical anion. Electron transfer rates were deduced from the observed triplet quenching rates at different temperatures.
SwitchBlade (2010)

We present SwitchBlade, a platform for rapidly deploying custom protocols on programmable hardware. SwitchBlade uses a pipeline-based design that allows individual hardware modules to be enabled or disabled on the fly, integrates software exception handling, and provides support for forwarding based on custom header fields. SwitchBlade's ease of programmability and wire-speed performance enables rapid prototyping of custom data-plane functions that can be directly deployed in a production network. SwitchBlade integrates common packet-processing functions as hardware modules, enabling different protocols to use these functions without having to resynthesize hardware. SwitchBlade's customizable forwarding engine supports both longest-prefix matching in the packet header and exact matching on a hash value. SwitchBlade's software exceptions can be invoked based on either packet or flow-based rules and updated quickly at runtime, thus making it easy to integrate more flexible forwarding function into the pipeline. SwitchBlade also allows multiple custom data planes to operate in parallel on the same physical hardware, while providing complete isolation for protocols running in parallel. We implemented SwitchBlade using NetFPGA board, but SwitchBlade can be implemented with any FPGA. To demonstrate SwitchBlade's flexibility, we use SwitchBlade to implement and evaluate a variety of custom network protocols: we present instances of IPv4, IPv6, Path Splicing, and an OpenFlow switch, all running in parallel while forwarding packets at line rate.
INVESTIGATION INTO AERODYNAMICS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF WHEEL/RAIL RESEARCH. FINAL REPORT (1994)

The present final report compiles the individual areas covered by the research facilities involved in this research project of the Federal German Railways. As a consequence of the modernization of the railway network and increased traveling speeds, the railway lines have to be buried in tunnels over long distances. The handling of future high-speed traffic on these lines requires detailed information on the occurring aerodynamic phenomena. In this context the following subjects have been covered: (a) aerodynamic conditions in the tunnel; (b) aerodynamic open track conditions; (c) gust and crosswind influence. Using the computing programs developed and planned for tunnel rides and open track rides, the Railway Company will be capable of making relatively quick statements on aerodynamic problems so that expensive track tests can be dispensed with for certain planning decisions. (AKF)
Detecting Primary Progressive Aphasia Atrophy Patterns: A Comparison of Visual Assessment and Quantitative Neuroimaging Techniques (2022)

Overall, our results indicated moderate to low interrater reliability, and raters never agreed that left asymmetry was present. While lower <i>z</i>-scores in the left hemisphere regions emerged in lvPPA, Neuroreader<sup>™</sup> failed to differentiate lvPPA from aMCI.
Monitoring Oxygen Plasma Treatment of Polypropylene With Optical Emission Spectroscopy (2011)

Optical emission spectroscopy was used to monitor the evolution of chemical reactions taking place on the surface of semicrystalline polypropylene during oxygen plasma treatment. The optical spectra were continuously acquired during treatment at different pressures (20-140 Pa). The time evolution of different excited radicals (O, H, CO, OH, and CH) allowed for the estimation of the chemical reactions. The oxidation of the material started as soon as the plasma was ignited and slowly intensified until the evaporation of the material was indicated by the appearance of the CH band. As the CH band appeared, a rapid increase in CO and OH was observed, together with a drop in O and a maximum in H. A well-defined minimum in the time needed for the appearance of the CH band was found versus the pressure. The results were explained by heating the polymer due to exothermic physical and chemical reactions and cooling by the surrounding gas.
Distances From Capillaries to Arterioles or Venules Measured Using OCTA and AOSLO (2019)

For normal retinas, periarteriole and perivenule capillary-free zones are readily visible with OCTA and AOSLO. Periarteriole capillary-free zones were larger, consistent with arterioles carrying oxygen rich blood that diffuses to support the retina.
Water-Swellable MgAl−LDH (Layered Double Hydroxide) Hybrids: Synthesis, Characterization, and Film Preparation (2008)

LDH hybrids were synthesized from Cl (-)MgAl-LDHs by anion exchange with short-chain alkyl carboxylate intercalants: C n H 2 n+1 COO (-) ( n = 0-3). Among them, LDH3 (LDH with Mg/Al = 3) hybrids containing acetate ( n = 1) and propionate ( n = 2) exhibited swelling behavior in water. The action of water on acetate-LDH3 (AcO-LDH3) and propionate-LDH3 (PrO-LDH3) led to semitransparent suspensions via a viscous gel state. From the X-ray diffraction profiles of the gels, only a broad feature was observed by the loss of the sharp reflections. The reflections reappeared for the films obtained by drying the gel, indicating the restacking of the LDH nanosheets into the original stacked structure. Observation using atomic force microscopy revealed delaminated nanosheets with a thickness of 1.1-1.5 nm with the same morphological features as the starting LDHs. XRD measurement and AFM observation supported the formation of unilamellar LDH sheets. Semitransparent self-standing LDH films were obtained by peeling off the films formed on a PE (polyethylene) substrate by drying the colloidal suspension thereon. The thickness of the obtained flexible films ranged from 10 to 25 microm, and they could be anion exchanged with inorganic and organic anions in the film state.
Mutations des gènes du SRA et anomalies du développement rénal (2009)

Autosomal recessive renal tubular dysgenesis (RTD) is a clinical disorder observed in fetuses, characterized by absence or poor development of proximal tubules and early onset and persistent oligohydramnios leading to the Potter sequence, associated with skull ossification defect. The disease is uniformly severe resulting in low blood pressure and perinatal death in most cases or in chronic renal disease in the few surviving patients. Based on the phenotype and the finding of striking changes in renal renin expression (absent or massive), we hypothesized and demonstrated that genetic defects in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) components are the underlying causes of the disease. At the present time, molecular screening has been performed in 46 families (F) and homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations have been detected in 41. They affect the genes encoding renine (9F), angiotensinogen (3F), AT1 receptor (3F) and angiotensin converting enzyme (26F). These findings highlight the importance of the RAS during human kidney development. Moreover, the identification of the disease based on precise histological and immunohistological analysis, and the research of the genetic defect, now allow genetic counseling and early prenatal diagnosis.
Specific behaviour, mood and personality traits may contribute to obesity in patients with craniopharyngioma (2014)

Obesity in patients with CP might be influenced by eating disorders, negative mood alterations and increased anxiety-related personality traits.
Abstract 2060: Therapeutic approaches for CCNE1-amplified HR-proficient ovarian cancer (2021)

Abstract Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have shown great success in ovarian cancer patients that are homologous recombination deficient (HRD). However, approximately 50% of high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) are HR-proficient. HR-proficient Cancer cells evade lethal DNA damage by triggering HR pathways at the cost of genome stability and evolving of more aggressive cancer cells. Cyclin E1 (CCNE1) amplification is a major subset of known HR-proficient HGSOC. This subset of cancer responds poorly to essentially all available ovarian cancer therapies including PARP inhibitors. Our study showed that the mTOR, HR, and checkpoint pathways were enriched in CCNE1-amplifed ovarian cancer patients. Interactome mapping demonstrated that many of the interactive proteins in the mTOR pathway were also components of HR and DNA checkpoint pathways. mTOR inhibition resulted in downregulation of HR and DNA checkpoint proteins. Downregulation of ATR partly mirrored mTOR inhibition. mTOR inhibitors and ATR inhibitors synergized with PARP inhibitors in vitro and in vivo in CCNE1-amplified HGSOC tumors. This was associated with decrease in cancer stem-like cancer cells and loss of polyploid tumor cells, which are vital for evolving of more aggressive, therapy-resistant cancer cells. These studies will have potential impact on further preclinical validation and clinical applications to cure CCNE1-amplifed HRP ovarian cancer. Citation Format: Shoumei Bai, Ronald J. Buckanovich. Therapeutic approaches for CCNE1-amplified HR-proficient ovarian cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 2060.
The Impact of Obesity on Microglial Function: Immune, Metabolic and Endocrine Perspectives (2021)

Increased life expectancy in combination with modern life style and high prevalence of obesity are important risk factors for development of neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroinflammation is a feature of neurodegenerative diseases, and microglia, the innate immune cells of the brain, are central players in it. The present review discusses the effects of obesity, chronic peripheral inflammation and obesity-associated metabolic and endocrine perturbations, including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and increased glucocorticoid levels, on microglial function.