gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Schedule-dependent bortezomib modulation of gemcitabine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in non-small cell lung cancer and blood mononuclear cells (2008)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 12-16, 2008; San Diego, CA

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In a phase IB trial of bortezomib combination with gemcitabine/cisplatin in patients with primarily non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (Voortman et al., 2007) a transient drop in the plasma levels of deoxycytidine was observed, which has never been observed in cisplatin/gemcitabine-treated patients. The present study was aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between gemcitabine and bortezomib in NSCLC and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Accumulation of gemcitabine metabolites, including difluorodeoxycytidine triphosphate (dFdCTP), was studied by LC-MS/MS and HPLC in PBMCs from patients receiving bortezomib 1.0mg/m2 plus gemcitabine 1000mg/m2 and cisplatin 70mg/m2. dFdCTP was also measured in PBMCs from volunteers and NSCLC cells (H460 and SW1573) exposed to simultaneous 4h or sequential treatments consisting of 4h-exposure to gemcitabine (50μM) followed by 2h bortezomib (100nM), or the reverse order. Cytotoxicity was studied by MTT, while deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) expression was assessed by PCR and western blot. Gemcitabine total phosphate levels in PBMCs from 9 bortezomib/gemcitabine/cisplatin-treated patients were significantly reduced after 90 min until 4 h from the start of gemcitabine infusion, compared to gemcitabine/cisplatin-treated patients. Bortezomib/gemcitabine combinations also reduced dFdCTP in PBMCs in vitro . In contrast, dFdCTP continued to increase for 24 h after drug removal in SW1573, while in H460 cells dFdCTP levels were reduced after the removal of the simultaneous and the gemcitabine→bortezomib combination. However, dFdCTP significantly increased in both cell lines after bortezomib pre-incubation with respect to gemcitabine alone. In line with dFdCTP increase, all the drug combinations showed a synergistic interaction in SW1573 cells. In H460 cells only the bortezomib→gemcitabine combination significantly reduced cell growth with respect to single drugs, associated with dFdCTP increase. The simultaneous and the gemcitabine→bortezomib combination showed a lower cytotoxicity than expected, associated with dFdCTP decrease. Western blot revealed a major increase of dCK expression after bortezomib pre-incubation in both cell lines. Our data show that bortezomib affects gemcitabine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics differently in PBMCs and NSCLC cells, suggesting that PBMCs are not an adequate surrogate tissue to evaluate the anticancer activity of bortezomib/gemcitabine combinations. However the bortezomib→gemcitabine/cisplatin schedule appeared a safe and active combination for the treatment of advanced NSCLC patients, and the bortezomib→gemcitabine combination showed a synergistic interaction in NSCLC cells, associated with increase of dFdCTP levels and dCK expression. Voortman J, et al., Clin Cancer Res 2007;13:3642-51
Site‐Layout Modeling: How Can Artificial Intelligence Help? (1992)

Using the site‐layout task as an example to compare existing practices and tools used in industry and research environments, this paper puts artificial intelligence (AI) modeling techniques in perspective. The site‐layout task is characterized, field practice is described, and a thorough review of available tools for layout product modeling (including physical models and computer‐aided design tools) and process modeling (using AI as well as operations research methods) is presented. A rationale is provided for why many such tools have failed to gain widespread use in the construction industry. Comparing the capabilities as well as the data and knowledge needs of computer programs with those of construction practitioners reveals a large discrepancy, which is also apparent when fitting the layout literature in a comprehensive table. This paper argues that AI‐based systems can reduce this discrepancy by better matching model capabilities with industry needs, and, therefore, suggests that such models will become valuable decision‐support tools for construction management.
Influence of process parameters on mechanical properties of physically foamed, fiber reinforced polypropylene parts (2018)

ABSTRACT Due to the high complexity of the foaming technology, the relationship between processing and final properties of parts produced is not completely understood. Investigating the causality chain Processing–Morphology–Properties is of great importance, especially for the automotive industry, in order to be able to tailor the mechanical properties of foamed parts. This article examines and qualifies the effects of seven process parameters (melt/mold temperature, degree of foaming, injection speed, delay time, gas content, and back pressure) on biaxial bending and flexural behavior—the predominant deformation mechanisms in interior automotive applications—of foamed plaques, using the MuCell process. The results clearly show that three major factors (mold temperature, degree of foaming, and delay time) have significant impact on the mechanical properties of the foamed parts. For a clear understanding of these interactions, computed tomography scans of certain plaques are correlated to process parameters and mechanical performance. This article should forge a bridge between production and performance. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Applied Polymer Science published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136 , 47275.
Observation of Extended Copper Passivity in Carbonate Solutions and Its Future Application in Copper CMP (2005)

In the present work we report on carbonate-based solutions, which can provide copper passivity in a wide potential range with the capability for producing protective characteristics similar to Al and W. This report focuses mainly on the identification of copper passivity parameters, such as potential range, anodic current limits, current characteristics, and rates of passivation and repassivation subsequent to mechanical damage of copper passivity in carbonate-based solutions. Copper is fully passivated in sulfate solutions containing potassium carbonate. The observed passivity is more pronounced in solutions containing higher carbonate content. On the contrary, increasing the sulfate concentration has the opposite effect on copper passivity than carbonate does. Friction of the passive film by repeated surface abrading resulted in a rapid repassivation of the mechanically activated surface sites. Thus, the use of a carbonate anion as a passivating component in a future chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) slurry design should be considered.
Rapid-Charging Navigation of Electric Vehicles Based on Real-Time Power Systems and Traffic Data (2014)

Electric vehicles (EVs) have attracted growing attention in recent years. However, daily charging of EVs, in particular rapid charging, may impact power systems, especially during peak hours, and the effects may occur in different places as traffic conditions change. To address these issues, we describe an integrated rapid-charging navigation strategy that considers both the traffic conditions and the status of the power grid. The system is based on an intelligent transport system (ITS), and contains four modules: a power system control center (PSCC), an ITS center, charging stations, and EV terminals. The PSCC calculates the available charging capacity and station charging capacity based on power grid data and transmits the results to the charging stations. The charging stations determine their charging plans and estimate the available charging power for future EVs (CPFE), and transmit these data to the ITS center. After receiving CPFE data and traffic data from the ITS center, the EV terminal estimates the total time for charging (TTC) for different stations, which includes the driving time, waiting time, and charging time. The driver can view these results and choose to be navigated to the charging station corresponding to the minimum TTC. The modular design of the navigation system reduces data transmission, which protects the drivers' privacy since they can choose which charging station to use and are not required to send any data to the ITS system. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method for different working conditions for power system and traffic conditions.
Modulation of Angiotensin II–Mediated Cardiac Remodeling by the MEF2A Target Gene Xirp2 (2010)

These findings reveal a novel MEF2A-Xirp2 pathway that functions downstream of Ang II signaling to modulate its pathological effects in the heart.
ChemInform Abstract: 1H and 13C NMR Spectra of 2,2′‐Disubstituted trans‐Azobenzenes Suitable for Preparation of Metallized Azo Dyes. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Measurement of the azimuthal correlation between the most forward jet and the scattered positron in deep-inelastic scattering at HERA (2012)

Deep-inelastic positron-proton scattering events at low photon virtuality, Q 2, with a forward jet, produced at small angles with respect to the proton beam, are measured with the H1 detector at HERA. A subsample of events with an additional jet in the central region is also studied. For both samples, differential cross sections and normalised distributions are measured as a function of the azimuthal angle difference, Δϕ, between the forward jet and the scattered positron in bins of the rapidity distance, Y, between them. The data are compared to predictions of Monte Carlo generators based on different evolution approaches as well as to next-to-leading order calculations in order to test the sensitivity to QCD evolution mechanisms.
In-bed posture classification and limb identification (2014)

We propose an algorithm that uses pressure image data to detect a person's sleeping posture and identifies different body limbs. Our algorithm can be used in monitoring bed-bound patients and assessing the risk of pressure ulceration. We used a GMM-based clustering approach for concurrent posture classification and limb identification. Our proposed technique, applied on 9 healthy subjects instructed to sleep in 13 different postures, resulted in 98.4% classification accuracy in distinguishing three main stable sleeping postures. Additionally, 8 limbs in supine and 5 limbs in left/right side postures were identified with the overall accuracy of 91.6%.
Pose invariant face detection (2004)

In this paper, we present a novel method for pose invariant face detection in color images. The novelty in our method of face detection arises from the integration of evidence from various independent sources such as color, frequency response and geometric shape information. Skin color is detected in the Y-Cb-Cr color space using a RPROP neural network. The shape information is derived from a novel ellipse area criterion and then it is formulated to compute a probabilistic score of the connected components that represent the faces in the images. The third source is based on Gabor 2D filters that are used to obtain frequency signatures of faces in the images. The final likelihood of a face is a combination of the individual probabilities of color, shape and Gabor response.
Spectroscopy of metal hexaborides: Phonon dispersion models (2018)

Abstract Raman spectroscopy of many metal hexaborides is well understood for vibrations of symmetry that can be ascribed to the breathing and deforming modes of boron octahedral clusters at the corners of the cubic unit cell. However, the significance of the lower energy modes has been subject to debate wherein interpretation is dependent on “rattling” of the metal ion within the boron cage or on alternative mechanisms such as the presence of defects or of isotope clusters. Furthermore, converged calculations of phonon dispersions (PDs) using Density Functional Theory (DFT) for YB 6 with symmetry in the published literature are limited and equivocal. Converged PDs across all reciprocal lattice orientations are an important indicator of thermodynamic stability for a phase. We use this criterion to evaluate symmetry conditions for hexaboride structures and compare DFT models of PDs with Raman spectra for the hexaborides BaB 6 , LaB 6 , and YB 6 . We demonstrate that models with lower symmetry using a P4/mmm superlattice along one primary axial direction allow the lower energy modes to be assigned to a point symmetry. This approach, which models displacements of the metal position along the superlattice direction, results in a convergent PD for YB 6 , an outcome difficult to achieve with symmetry.
Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Comprehensive transcriptome analysis identifies novel molecular subtypes and subtype-specific RNAs of triple-negative breast cancer (2016)

Subtype-specific long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs) in the immunomodulatory subgroup. Figure S2 Subtype-specific lncRNA in the luminal androgen receptor subgroup. Figure S3 Subtype-specific lncRNAs in the mesenchymal-like subgroup. Figure S4 Subtype-specific lncRNAs in the basal-like and immune-suppressed subgroup. Figure S5 Validation of subtype-specific lncRNAs using quantitative real-time PCR in triple-negative breast cancer. Figure S6 Validation of subtype-specific lncRNAs using quantitative real time PCR in breast cancer cell lines. Figure S7 Validation of lncRNAs TCONS_00000027 in breast cancer tissue microarray using RNA in situ hybridization technology. (PPTX 3172 kb)
Advances and trends in FPGA design (2004)

This talk will give an overview of emerging trends in the architecture of FPGAs. The topics to be covered will include new FPGA architectures and upcoming research topics, the growth in FPGAs with embedded tranceivers, the segmentation of FPGA architectures into mainstream and low-cost families, the relationships between FPGAs and structured ASICs, and applications and trends in CPLDs.
An ontology-based interactive tool to search documents in the U.S. patent system (2011)

The past few years have seen an explosive growth in scientific and regulatory documents related to the patent system. Relevant information is siloed into many heterogeneous and distributed information sources making it very challenging to retrieve information across multiple domains. In this demonstration, we present a tool that enables users to simultaneously search multiple information domains in the patent system. The presented tool is built upon the Patent System Ontology, which provides both a standardized representation of the patent system domain and required semantics to integrate the various information domains [1], [2]. The tool provides features such as integration with a biomedical knowledge base and recommendations for related articles. Future additions to the tool will provide features to analyze the data both statistically and visually to aid in research. We demonstrate how this tool can be helpful in expediting search and information retrieval in an intelligent and convenient way through a use case in the bio domain -- erythropoietin.
Effects of minor lipids on crystallization of milk fat‐cocoa butter blends and bloom formation in chocolate (2000)

Abstract Minor lipids, such as diacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols, cholesterol, and phospholipids play a key role in crystallization of fats. In this study, the effects of minor lipid components on crystallization of blends of cocoa butter (CB) with 10% milk fat or milk‐fat fractions, and on bloom formation of chocolate were investigated. Both removing the minor lipids from milk fat and doubling the level of minor lipids from milk fat resulted in longer nucleation onset time, slower crystallization rate, and rapid bloom development in chocolate. Removal of minor lipids resulted in the formation of irregular primary and secondary crystals with inclusions of liquid fat, whereas the crystals were spherical and uniform in shape in the presence of minor lipids. Minor lipids from milk fat, even at the low concentrations typically found in nature, affected the crystallization of milk fat‐CB blends, impacted the chocolate microstructure, and affected bloom development in chocolate.
Supplementary Table S2 from System-Level Analysis of Neuroblastoma Tumor–Initiating Cells Implicates AURKB as a Novel Drug Target for Neuroblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S2.&lt;/p&gt;
[Immunotherapy in cancer. Current prospects, challenges and new horizons]. (2018)

Recent understanding of the mechanisms that control immune system homeostasis and orchestrate antitumor responses has prompted the development of novel immunotherapeutic modalities. These include antibodies that target immune checkpoints such as PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4, agonistic antibodies of costimulatory molecules such as CD137 and OX-40 and the adoptive transfer of genetically-modified antitumor T cells. However, a large number of patients do not respond to these therapies and develop resistance as a result of activation of compensatory circuits. Rational combination of immunotherapeutic modalities will help overcome resistance and will increase the number of patients who will benefit from these treatments. Moreover, identification of predictive biomarkers will allow selection of patients responding to these treatments. Emerging clinical trials and pre-clinical studies have shown exciting results anticipating new horizons in the design and implementation of cancer immunotherapeutic modalities.
Bone Regeneration and Fracture Healing (1998)

The relation between physical forces and the processes of bone regeneration and healing remains incompletely understood. Gaps in understanding of these processes stem in part from models that produce inadequate amounts of new bone for study. Bone created through the use of distraction osteogenesis provides an attractive substrate for the study of mechanical forces and their effects on bone formation because this technique produces large volumes of new bone in a controlled fashion. The optimal mechanical environment in which bone formation occurs clinically has not been fully determined. In laboratory studies, however, the mechanical environment can be manipulated, and resultant changes in bone formation can be measured. To investigate how changes in strain environment influence patterns of bone formation, a bilateral distraction osteogenesis was implemented. When a stiffener was applied to the external distractor, computation analyses predicted a sevenfold to eightfold decrease in all strain measures. These reductions in gap strains appeared to induce significant decreases in bone volume fraction and mean trabecular thickness. When osteotomies were created at a 30° angle to the bony axis to generate more shear within the gap tissue, changes in the distribution of gap strains and resultant new bone architecture were observed. Specific correlations between changes in tissue level strains and the pattern of bone regeneration were seen in both experiments. These results provide direct in vivo evidence that pluripotential gap tissues are sensitive to their physical surroundings. Mechanisms responsible for this sensitivity might include vascularity, stem cell supply, and scaffolding architecture. The process of bone formation in distraction osteogenesis appears to be related to bone formation processes associated with more common conditions. The distraction osteogenesis model described suggests a mechanism for bone formation that seems applicable to other more common processes associated with bone formation, including fracture healing and impaired fracture healing.
Burst Pressure Predictions of Cracked Pipelines Using a Micromechanics Approach (2003)

This study extends a micromechanics approach based upon the computational cell methodology to model ductile crack extension of longitudinal crack-like defects in a high strength pipeline steel. Laboratory testing of an API 5L X60 steel at room temperature using standard, deep crack C(T) specimens provide the data needed to measure the crack growth resistance curve for the material. In the computational cell model, ductile crack extension occurs through void growth and coalescence (by cell extinction) within a thin layer of material ahead of crack tip. A simple scheme to calibrate material-specific parameters for the cells is also described. A central focus of the paper is the application of the cell methodology to predict experimentally measured burst pressures for pre-cracked pipe specimens with different crack sizes. The experimental program includes longitudinally precracked 20” (508 mm) O.D. pipe specimens with 15.8 mm thickness containing an internal crack with notch depth (a) and notch length (2c) 7 × 140 mm. Large-scale, full 3-D computations are conducted on detailed finite element models for the pipe specimens to describe crack extension with increased pressure. The numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the cell approach to describe crack growth response and to predict the burst pressure for the tested pipes.
P‐156: <i>Distinguished Student Poster:</i> Image Flickering Reduction by Dimer and Polymer Stabilization in ADS Liquid Crystal Display (2019)

When a LCD display static images, power consumption can be reduced by employing a low driving frequency. However, when the driving frequency is decreased, there is a problem that the brightness of the display may change with time, a phenomenon known as flickering. One factor responsible for the flickering issue is flexoelectric effect. We show that flickering in ADvanced Super Dimension Switch (ADS) LCD can be significantly reduced by doping a liquid crystal dimer and using polymer stabilization. We demonstrated that 2 Hz driving frequency can be used to display static images.
Cytokines and soluble IL‐4 in patients with acute optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis (1997)

We measured the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, TNF-β, interferon (IFN)-γ, the IL-1 receptor antagonist, and soluble IL-4 receptor (sIL-4r) by ELISA in 12 patients each with acute, monosymptomatic, idiopathic optic neuritis (ON), ON as part of MS, other attack forms of MS, and in neurological control subjects. CSF concentrations of IL-1β, IL-2 and IFN-γ differed significantly between the different patient groups and were detected most commonly at the highest concentrations in patients with non-ON attacks of MS. TNF-β was detected exclusively in CSF from neurological control patients. The patients with non-ON attacks of MS also had significantly elevated concentrations of sIL-4r in plasma. Increased CSF concentrations of IL-1β, IL-2 and IFN-γ together with increased plasma concentrations of sIL-4r support the concept of MS as an autoimmune disease with preferential activation of proinflammatory or T-helper type 1-like cells. Patients with idiopathic ON or ON as part of MS may, however, differ immunologically from patients with other attack forms of MS.
Structured spatial domain image and data comparison metrics (1999)

Often, images or datasets have to be compared, to facilitate choices of visualization and simulation parameters respectively. Common comparison techniques include side-by-side viewing and juxtaposition, in order to facilitate visual verification of verisimilitude. In this paper, we propose quantitative techniques which accentuate differences in images and datasets. The comparison is enabled through a collection of partial metrics which, essentially, measure the lack of correlation between the datasets or images being compared. That is, they attempt to expose and measure the extent of the inherent structures in the difference between images or datasets. Besides yielding numerical attributes, the metrics also produce images, which can visually highlight differences. Our metrics are simple to compute and operate in the spatial domain. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our metrics through examples for comparing images and datasets.