gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microbubble Generation through Porous Membrane under Aqueous or Organic Liquid Shear Flow (2011)

Gas–liquid reactors involving the production of bubbles are very useful in various industrial fields, such as chemistry, oil refining, or water treatment. Generating microbubbles at the inlet of gas–liquid reactors could improve both hydrodynamics and mass transfer. In this paper, the generation of microbubbles using commercial porous filtration membranes is studied, in aqueous or organic liquid under a liquid cross-flow. Different combinations of dispersed phase (air or nitrogen) and continuous phase (water or heptane) are studied. Since the size of the microbubbles may be correlated with physicochemical properties of both phases and the membrane surface, several tubular ceramic membranes were tested (made of alumina or zirconium oxides) with mean pore diameters dp varying from 20 to 800 nm. It was observed that these membranes were able to generate bubbles which became microbubbles under the application of a liquid cross-flow. Microbubbles with bimodal distribution (microbubble diameters db in the range of 100–200 and 500–550 μm) were obtained in heptane when using zirconium oxide membranes (dp varying from 20 to 100 nm) under a shear stress τ varying from 27 to 39 Pa with a gas fraction of nearly 3%. The present study shows that microbubbles can be generated in heptane using commercial porous filtration membranes under a liquid cross-flow. This is a promising way to provide microbubbles that could be used to improve the usual gas/liquid mass transfer operation.
Multiband antenna for airborne satellite communications (2004)

Satellite broadcasting of weather information promises to provide an economical method of improving aviation safety for commercial and general aviation transportation. The paper presents an airborne antenna developed to receive satellite weather information around the world. To accomplish this, the antenna supports three separate frequency bands and dual senses of polarization. Method of moments (MoM) and finite element method (FEM) simulations were employed in the development of the antenna. Details of the prototype antenna and its performance evaluation are presented.
The response of rice varieties to Meloidogyne graminicola from the Mekong Delta, Vietnam (2021)

Summary The rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola , is a serious pathogen of rice production worldwide. In Vietnam, scientific information on the rice root-knot nematode is limited. In this circumstance, our study aimed to investigate the characteristics of M. graminicola from rice fields in southern Vietnam and to evaluate the reaction of 20 rice varieties to this soil-borne pathogen in a glasshouse experiment. Ten populations of root-knot nematode collected from rice fields at different geographical regions in the Mekong Delta were identified as M. graminicola based on the perineal configuration of females and species-specific molecular markers. The morphological, morphometric and molecular characteristics of ten nematode isolates were defined, and the variations observed between these isolates were not significantly different. The pathogenicity of these isolates was examined in the susceptible Indica rice, Oryza sativa ‘IR64’, with a reproduction factor ranging from 18.1 to 37.8. Of the 20 Indica rice varieties tested in response to the nematode population MG-PN08, the ‘Tetep’ variety showed moderate resistance to the nematode (reproductive factor = 11.7; galling index = 2.4), while others were ranked at levels ranging from moderately susceptible to highly susceptible. The life cycle of M. graminicola in ‘Tetep’ root is 28 days compared to 21 in ‘IR64’. ‘Tetep’-nematode interaction at the histological and molecular levels needs further investigation to develop new rice varieties resistant to rice root-knot nematode.
Binaural Codebook-Based Speech Enhancement With Atomic Speech Presence Probability (2019)

In this work, we present a universal codebook-based speech enhancement framework that relies on a single codebook to encode both speech and noise components. The atomic speech presence probability (ASPP) is defined as the probability that a given codebook atom encodes speech at a given point in time. We develop ASPP estimators based on binaural cues including the interaural phase and level difference (IPD and ILD), the interaural coherence magnitude (ICM), as well as a combined version leveraging the full interaural transfer function (ITF). We evaluate the performance of the resulting ASPP-based speech enhancement algorithms on binaural mixtures of reverberant speech and real-world noise. The proposed approach improves both objective speech quality and intelligibility over a wide range of input SNR, as measured with PESQ and binaural STOI metrics, outperforming two binaural speech enhancement benchmark methods. We show that the proposed ITF-based ASPP approach achieves a good balance of the trade-off between binaural noise reduction and binaural cue preservation.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Carbon Ring Expansion of Azetidines via Ammonium Ylide [1,2]‐Shifts: A Simple Route to Substituted Pyrrolidines. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Open surface droplet manipulation and mixing by ferrofluid instabilities (2020)

Open surface droplet manipulation is a powerful technique for many microfluidics applications. Here, we present how ferrofluid spikes, which show soft matter behavior due to magnetic field instabilities, were used to manipulate and mix water droplets. The droplet mechanism was integrated within a paper-based microfluidic device for magnetic manipulation of digital microfluidics. As a proof of concept, two droplets were mixed together using the physical action of ferrofluid spikes generated by magnetic forces.
Facilitation of Natriuresis with Nifedipine in Normal Humans (1988)

We tested the effect of dietary potassium (KCl, 20 mEq three times daily), calcium (Ca, 500 mg twice daily), sodium-potassium-dependent ATPase inhibition (digoxin), calcium channel blockade (nifedipine), and placebo on acute natriuresis in 14 normal subjects who received 2 L normal saline intravenously over 4 h. Plasma renin activity (PRA) was increased in subjects receiving nifedipine, while plasma aldosterone (PA) concentrations were not different among the regimens. Only KCl and nifedipine affected sodium excretion compared to controls. KCl and nifedipine increased the amount of sodium excreted after the infusion was terminated. In the case of nifedipine, this natriuresis was sufficient to increase the 24 h sodium excretion on that day to above that of the other regimens.
¯ Exploitation of Decision Theory Techniques in Multi-Agent Planning (Preliminary Report) (1994)

In this paper, we suggest an approach to multi-agent planning that contains elements from decision theory. Our method makes use of subgoals, and derived sub-plans, to construct a global plan. Agents solve their individual sub-plans, which are then merged into a global plan. The suggested approach reduces overall planning time and derives a plan that approximates the optimal global plan that would have been derived by a central planner, given those original subgoals. We consider three different situations (and their possible combinations). The first involves a group of agents with a common goal. The second considers how agents can interleave planning and execution when planning towards a common, though dynamic, goal. The third examines the case where agents, each with his private own goal, plan together to reach a state in consensus for the group. Finally, we consider how these approaches can be adapted to handle rational agents.
Velocity measurements across an oblique shock using pulse-burst cross-correlation DGV (2021)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-0120.vid Pulse-burst cross-correlation Doppler global velocimetry is performed in the NASA Langley Unitary Plan Wind Tunnel. The technique is used to make planar velocity measurements across an oblique shockwave, which is generated by a large splitter plate set at a -2° angle of attack in a Mach 2.4 flow. Assessment of the velocimetry indicates agreement with theoretical velocity values to within 0.6 percent on average. The single-scan spatial velocity precision is measured to be between 0.3 and 0.5 m/s, while the ensemble (1 sigma) precision of the measurements was within 2.2 percent of the measured velocities. The promising results encountered in this testing campaign indicate that the technique could be useful for studying more complex flowfields.
Assessment of deep venous thrombosis using routine pelvic CT. (1999)

Unsuspected deep venous thrombosis is commonly seen on routine pelvic CT and should be carefully sought during such examinations. CT appears to be relatively accurate in the detection of deep venous thrombosis. Thus, CT venography combined with pulmonary CT angiography may significantly increase the percentage of patients who are appropriately treated for thromboembolic disease because both deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary emboli can be identified by this combined test.
Co3O4 nanoparticle-modified MnO2 nanotube bifunctional oxygen cathode catalysts for rechargeable zinc–air batteries (2013)

We report the preparation of MnO2 nanotubes functionalized with Co3O4 nanoparticles and their use as bifunctional air cathode catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction in rechargeable zinc-air batteries. These hybrid MnO2/Co3O4 nanomaterials exhibit enhanced catalytic reactivity toward oxygen evolution reaction under alkaline conditions compared with that in the presence of MnO2 nanotubes or Co3O4 nanoparticles alone.
A Convex Max-Flow Approach to Distribution-Based Figure-Ground Separation (2012)

This study investigates a convex relaxation approach to figure-ground separation with a global distribution matching prior evaluated by the Bhattacharyya measure. The problem amounts to finding a region that most closely matches a known model distribution. It has been previously addressed by curve evolution, which leads to suboptimal and computationally intensive algorithms, or by graph cuts, which result in metrication errors. Solving a sequence of convex subproblems, the proposed relaxation is based on a novel bound of the Bhattacharyya measure which yields an algorithm robust to initial conditions. Furthermore, we propose a novel flow configuration that accounts for labeling-function variations, unlike existing configurations. This leads to a new max-flow formulation which is dual to the convex relaxed subproblems we obtained. We further prove that such a formulation yields exact and global solutions to the original, nonconvex subproblems. A comprehensive experimental evaluation on the Microsoft GrabCut database demonstrates that our approach yields improvements in optimality and accuracy over related recent methods.
Biosynthesis of alloprotein. (1988)

The molecular mechanism in the recognition of L-isoleucine and analog amino acids, by isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, was elucidated by transferred nuclear Overhauser effect analysis of the conformations of amino acids bound to the enzyme. A variety of nonprotein amino acids, including furanomycin, were found to be incorporated into proteins in in vitro system. Furthermore, L-2-aminohexanoic acid (Ahx) was incorporated into human epidermal growth factor (hEGF), by using Escherichia coli strain harboring plasmid pTA 1522. From the successful production of Ahx-substituted hEGF, a basic strategy was established for preparing proteins substituted with nonprotein amino acid (alloprotein). Induction of the phoA promoter of pho regulon and secretion of the product to the periplasm may depress heat shock-like responses and subsequent hydrolysis of the product by cytoplasmic protease.
THE JOSEPHSON EFFECT IN SUPERCONDUCTING CONSTRICTIONS : MICROSCOPIC THEORY (1978)

The d.c. Josephson effect in superconducting microbridges has been studied in terms of the microscopic theory of superconductivity. Current-phase relation, I (ϕ), and a critical current value, Ic(T), have been obtained and shown to be different from those quantities corresponding to the tunnel junction. These differences are most pronounced at low temperatures and for the pure constrictions : l≫a, l : being the electron mean free path and a : the radius of the orifice connecting two superconductors. In the latter case [MATH]
Indication for antithrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation: reconciling the guidelines with clinical practice (2005)

Cardioembolic stroke secondary to atrial fibrillation (AF) is an urgent public-health problem. On the basis of the data from several randomized controlled clinical trials and pooled analyses, several guidelines have been published to promote the use of anticoagulant treatment to prevent stroke in patients with AF. Current evidence-based guidelines recommend long-term anticoagulation for most patients with AF. However, only a small proportion of patients with AF whom best-practice guidelines identify as eligible for oral anticoagulant therapy actually receive it. One explanation for this low implementation is attributed to the high selection criteria of patients in randomized clinical studies, which often included patients with a lower risk of bleeding than those treated in clinical practice. Indeed, the fear of bleeding is a major consideration when implementing anticoagulation therapy as the risk of bleeding may be higher than the risk of stroke for some patients, which may explain why some physicians do not perceive the guidelines to be fully justified in clinical practice. Considering the complexities surrounding prescribing oral anticoagulation in patients with AF, new drugs with a better benefit/risk ratio are therefore required in the armamentarium for the prevention of thromboembolic events in patients with AF.
Phosphorylation of protein S by platelet kinases enhances its activated protein C cofactor activity (2013)

Protein S (PS) is a multifunctional plasma protein of the hemostatic and inflammatory pathways, although mechanisms for its regulation are poorly understood. Since certain plasma proteins are regulated through extracellular phosphorylation, we investigated whether the anticoagulant activity of PS is regulated through phosphorylation by platelet-secreted kinases. PS was phosphorylated on exposure to activated platelets or their releasates, as judged by immunoblotting for phospho-amino acids and PS. PS phosphorylation was reduced by specific inhibitors of casein kinase 1 (CK1) and casein kinase 2 (CK2) (10 μM D4476, 100 μM CK2-inhibitory peptide YNLKSKSSEDIDESS). Involvement of CKs in PS phosphorylation was confirmed using purified CK1/CK2. Phosphorylation of PS by purified CK1 did not affect its activated protein C (APC) cofactor activity in activated partial thromboplastin time assays in PS-depleted plasma. However, phosphorylation of PS by CK2 or by CK1/CK2 increased PS cofactor activity ∼1.5-fold (158.7±4.8%, P<0.01) or ∼2-fold (191.5±6.4%, P<0.0001), respectively. The APC cofactor activity of PS in PS-depleted plasma exposed to platelet-secreted kinases was enhanced, while CK2 but not CK1 inhibitors reduced APC cofactor activity. Mass spectrometry revealed a phosphorylated CK2 site at Thr37 within the N-terminal Gla-domain. Thus, platelet-mediated extracellular phosphorylation of PS is a potential mechanism by which its activity is regulated.
Characterization of a monochromatic, 128x64 resolution PLED for military instrumentation applications (2007)

A characterization was performed on a monochrome, low-information content polymeric light emitting diode (PLED) display to determine the effects of ruggedization for military display applications. A summary of the environmental, mechanical, and optical characterization results show that a unique direct bonding method and night vision imaging system (NVIS) filter material can be used to ruggedize commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) PLED displays to operate in demanding military environments. Significant enhancements to a COTS PLED device are discussed in terms of impact resistance, enhanced sunlight readability, and compatibility with night vision operations.
PharmDB-K: Integrated Bio-Pharmacological Network Database for Traditional Korean Medicine (2015)

Despite the growing attention given to Traditional Medicine (TM) worldwide, there is no well-known, publicly available, integrated bio-pharmacological Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM) database for researchers in drug discovery. In this study, we have constructed PharmDB-K, which offers comprehensive information relating to TKM-associated drugs (compound), disease indication, and protein relationships. To explore the underlying molecular interaction of TKM, we integrated fourteen different databases, six Pharmacopoeias, and literature, and established a massive bio-pharmacological network for TKM and experimentally validated some cases predicted from the PharmDB-K analyses. Currently, PharmDB-K contains information about 262 TKMs, 7,815 drugs, 3,721 diseases, 32,373 proteins, and 1,887 side effects. One of the unique sets of information in PharmDB-K includes 400 indicator compounds used for standardization of herbal medicine. Furthermore, we are operating PharmDB-K via phExplorer (a network visualization software) and BioMart (a data federation framework) for convenient search and analysis of the TKM network. Database URL: http://pharmdb-k.org, http://biomart.i-pharm.org.
15.2 A 2.19µW Self-Powered SoC with Integrated Multimodal Energy Harvesting, Dual-Channel up to −92dBm WRX and Energy-Aware Subsystem (2023)

Self-Powered Systems (SPSs) targeting the Internet-of-Things (IoT) have the potential to monitor an incredible array of environments and equipment, providing previously unavailable rich data and insights [1]. Unlike battery-powered systems that optimize for energy per operation, SPSs must scale their power consumption in response to environmental changes. This presents both a challenge and an opportunity for such systems: 1) they must have a low power floor to continuously operate at low harvested power (low <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{H}})$</tex> , but 2) they also can scale up their performance when harvesting conditions are favorable (high <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{H}})$</tex> . Many existing IoT SoCs and platforms have a power floor that is too high [2] or are too low performance [3]. We propose an SoC for SPSs that pushes the power floor down to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$2.19\mu\mathrm{W}$</tex> , simultaneously harvests from multiple sources, cold starts from low <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{H}}(60\text{Lux},\ 8^{\mathrm{o}}\mathrm{C})$</tex> , scales system performance based on environmental conditions, and improves the wakeup receiver sensitivity to −92dBm, all while allowing the system to maintain a small form factor enabling data collection even in the most challenging environments without the use of a battery. With these features, the proposed SoC can take advantage of the near infinite energy available to SPSs to do far more work than can be done with battery-powered systems.
KEYNOTE: What’s new in fish cytokine research? (2016)

This talk with review the huge increase in knowledge on cytokine genes and their function in fish.It will begin with an initial historical perspective on the characterisation of interferon (IFN)- as an example of the journey made over the last couple of decades.From isolation of bioactive factors to identification of the gene and bioactivity of the encoded protein, to recent progress in analysis of the cells expressing IFN- and detection of the protein production.It illustrates the progress that has been made in elucidation of the cytokine network in fish, and how by understanding the role of key cytokines we may develop more effective ways to manipulate immune responses to improve fish health.
Lymphocyte surface and cytoplasmic changes associated with translational motility and spontaneous capping of Ig (1979)

Murine B-lymphocytes during translatory motion undergo a series of changes with respect to their morphology and distribution of surface immunoglobulins (Ig). The sequence of events comprising these changes was followed by fluorescence microscopy and a correlated detection of surface features by scanning microscopy on exactly the same cell. A round, presumably non-motile lymphocyte exhibited a random distribution of Ig and its surface displayed evenly distributed microvilli. Formation of a ruffled edge at one pole, accompanied by a decreased fluorescence at this pole marked the initial events of lymphocyte motility. In the subsequent stages, the ruffled edge became progressively prominent and displayed a constriction at its base, while the microvilli were displaced to the opposite pole. Ig in such lymphocytes was localized at the trailing, microvilli-rich pole. Thin sections of motile lymphocytes revealed Ig, microtubules, microfilaments and coated vesicles as the characteristic features of the trailing end. These observations may have bearing on the mechanism of lymphocyte motility and spontaneous capping of Ig.
DICE (2017)

This paper investigates compression for DRAM caches. As the capacity of DRAM cache is typically large, prior techniques on cache compression, which solely focus on improving cache capacity, provide only a marginal benefit. We show that more performance benefit can be obtained if the compression of the DRAM cache is tailored to provide higher bandwidth. If a DRAM cache can provide two compressed lines in a single access, and both lines are useful, the effective bandwidth of the DRAM cache would double. Unfortunately, it is not straight-forward to compress DRAM caches for bandwidth. The typically used Traditional Set Indexing (TSI) maps consecutive lines to consecutive sets, so the multiple compressed lines obtained from the set are from spatially distant locations and unlikely to be used within a short period of each other. We can change the indexing of the cache to place consecutive lines in the same set to improve bandwidth; however, when the data is incompressible, such spatial indexing reduces effective capacity and causes significant slowdown.