gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MRI‐guided interstitial ultrasound thermal therapy of the prostate: A feasibility study in the canine model (2005)

The feasibility of MRI-guided interstitial ultrasound thermal therapy of the prostate was evaluated in an in vivo canine prostate model. MRI compatible, multielement interstitial ultrasound applicators were developed using 1.5 mm diameter cylindrical piezoceramic transducers (7 to 8 MHz) sectored to provide 180 degrees of angular directional heating. Two in vivo experiments were performed in canine prostate. The first using two interstitial ultrasound applicators, the second using three ultrasound applicators in conjunction with rectal and urethral cooling. In both experiments, the applicators were inserted transperineally into the prostate with the energy directed ventrally, away from the rectum. Electrical power levels of 5-17 W per element (approximately 1.6-5.4 W acoustic output power) were applied for heating periods of 18 and 48 min. Phase-sensitive gradient-echo MR imaging was used to monitor the thermal treatment in real-time on a 0.5 T interventional MRI system. Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images and vital-stained serial tissue sections were obtained to assess thermal damage and correlate to real-time thermal contour plots and calculated thermal doses. Results from these studies indicated a large volume of ablated (nonstained) tissue within the prostate, extending 1.2 to 2.0 cm from the applicators to the periphery of the gland, with the dorsal margin of coagulation well-defined by the applicator placement and directionality. The shape of the lesions correlated well to the hypointense regions visible in the contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images, and were also in good agreement with the contours of the 52 degrees C threshold temperature and t43 > 240 min. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using directional interstitial ultrasound in conjunction with MRI thermal imaging to monitor and possibly control thermal coagulation within a targeted tissue volume while potentially protecting surrounding tissue, such as rectum, from thermal damage.
Oligomeric and fibrillar amyloid beta 42 induce platelet aggregation partially through GPVI (2017)

The effects of the Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides on platelet aggregation have been previously assessed, but most of these studies focused on Aβ40 species. It also remains to be determined which distinct forms of Aβ peptides exert differential effects on platelets. In AD, oligomeric Aβ42 species is widely thought to be a major contributor to the disease pathogenesis. We, therefore, examine the ability of oligomeric and fibrillary Aβ42 to affect platelet aggregation. We show that both forms of Aβ42 induced significant platelet aggregation and that it is a novel ligand for the platelet receptor GPVI. Furthermore, a novel binding peptide that reduces the formation of soluble Aβ42 oligomers was effective at preventing Aβ42-dependent platelet aggregation. These results support a role for Aβ42 oligomers in platelet hyperactivity.
Biosensor for underwater chemical sensing (Invited Paper) (2005)

Emerging biosensor approaches may prove useful in reducing false positives and improving detection probabilities for unexploded ordnance (UXO) and underwater explosives. NRL researchers previously developed a biosensor that was field-tested and validated for use in environmental remediation to detect explosives in groundwater. The sensor relies on the selective recognition by antibodies of target analytes, including the common explosives TNT and RDX. Laboratory work has demonstrated that sensors based on these displacement immunoassay formats can detect explosives at the part-per-trillion level in seawater. More recently, participating in an Office of Naval Research program on Chemical Sensing in the Marine Environment (CSME), tests were conducted in controlled underwater experiments at San Clemente, CA and Duck, NC. Simulated UXO targets, autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) and multiple sensor approaches were used to demonstrate the feasibility of underwater chemical sensing. Efforts are now underway to integrate the biosensor into an underwater platform as part of a broader sensor system. We will describe results of these studies and outline possible operational scenarios for applications in harbor security.
P-B14 Methylation as a triage marker in a hHPV+ population in Nigeria (2016)

Objectives: To assess the feasibility of the Precursor-M methylation test as a triage marker on self-collected and hospital-collected samples amongst a hrHPV+ population in a resource limited setting. Methods: A total of 400 women were invited to participate through flyer recruitment in Abuja, Nigeria. After randomization, 200 were asked to self-collect and deposit cervical samples at designated collection points and 200 were invited to the hospital for a hospital-collected sample (HCS). A dry flocked swab was used in both groups. DNA was isolated with the nucliSENS easyMAG, tested with the GP5+/6+-PCR-EIA. A qPCR (RNaseP) to assess the level of DNA was performed. EIA+ samples with a Cq<28 (human genomic DNA concentration >1 ng/μL) were tested with the Precursor-M methylation kit. Cut-offs for positivity were applied as described by the test manufacturer. Results: Samples from all 298 responding women (74.5% response) were included. The mean age of the women was 41.1 (SD 7.8, range 30–62). A total of 29 samples were found hrHPV+ by GP5+/6+; 28 (96.6%) contained enough DNA for Precursor-M testing (11 HCS, 17 self-samplers). 28.6% (8/28), including 3 HCS and 5 self-samplers, were methylation positive. Conclusions: The percentage of 28.6% methylation positive samples corresponds with previous findings (De Strooper et al, 2014). In order to assess the feasibility of methylation testing as a triage marker in the detection of high grade CIN lesions in an all-molecular screening setting, a follow-up study collecting a colposcopy directed biopsy will be performed. Results are expected by September 2015.
Synthesis of Novel Pyrazoline Derivatives. I. Reaction of erythro-2,3-Dibromoketones with Semi- and Thiosemicarbazides (1997)

Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alex. Egypt <em>Manuscript received 23 June 1994, revised 1 August 1995, accepted 9 October 1995</em> The reaction of a series of <em>ertyhro</em>-1,3-dibromo-1,3-diaryl-1-porpanones with four molar equivalents of semicarbazide hydrochloride or thiosemicarbazide In dioxane or ethanol leads to. the formation of trisubstituted pyrazolines and their 4-bromo derivatives. The pyrazolines have been Identified' by chemical and spectral data. A reaction mechanism is also proposed.
Novel Aromatic Amines for Photoconductor and Organic Electronic Applications (2006)

Aromatic amines are frequently used as hole conductors in copiers and laser printers. In the last decade there has been increasing interest to extend the use of aromatic amines to organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) as well as to organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) developed for printable organic electronics. In this contribution star-shaped aromatic amines which form stable amorphous phases are introduced. Such materials are often called molecular glasses. We have used molecular glasses with triphenylamine, triphenylbenzene and fluorene units as blue emitters and hole blocking materials in OLEDs. The layer thickness of the hole transport and emission layer and the hole blocking layer were optimized in a combinatorial approach which leads to pure blue emitting OLEDs with color coordinates of x=0.15 / y=0.15, a brightness of 400 cd/m2 and an efficiency of 2 cd/A. We have also used molecular glasses with triphenylamine and carbazole units as organic semiconductors in OFETs and obtained environmentally stable transistors with mobilities up to 10&#x2212;4 cm2/Vs.
Uncovering the Genetic Architecture of Seed Weight and Size in Intermediate Wheatgrass through Linkage and Association Mapping (2017)

Intermediate wheatgrass [IWG; (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey subsp. ] is being developed as a new perennial grain crop that has a large allohexaploid genome similar to that of wheat ( L.). Breeding for increased seed weight is one of the primary goals for improving grain yield of IWG. As a new crop, however, the genetic architecture of seed weight and size has not been characterized, and selective breeding of IWG may be more intricate than wheat because of its self-incompatible mating system and perennial growth habit. Here, seed weight, seed area size, seed width, and seed length were evaluated across multiple years, in a heterogeneous breeding population comprised of 1126 genets and two clonally replicated biparental populations comprised of 172 and 265 genets. Among 10,171 DNA markers discovered using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) in the breeding population, 4731 markers were present in a consensus genetic map previously constructed using seven full-sib populations. Thirty-three quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with seed weight and size were identified using association mapping (AM), of which 23 were verified using linkage mapping in the biparental populations. About 37.6% of seed weight variation in the breeding population was explained by 15 QTL, 12 of which also contributed to either seed length or seed width. When performing either phenotypic selection or genomic selection for seed weight, we observed the frequency of favorable QTL alleles were increased to >46%. Thus, by combining AM and genomic selection, we can effectively select the favorable QTL alleles for seed weight and size in IWG breeding populations.
Code-based Cryptography in IoT: A HW/SW Co-Design of HQC (2023)

Recent advances in quantum computing pose a serious threat on the security of widely used public-key cryptosystems. Thus, new post-quantum cryptographic algorithms have been proposed as part of the associated US NIST process to enable secure, encrypted communication in the age of quantum computing. Many hardware accelerators for structured lattice-based algorithms have already been published to meet the strict power, area and latency requirements of low-power IoT edge devices. However, the security of these algorithms is still uncertain. Currently, many new attacks against the lattice structure are investigated to judge on their security. In contrast, code-based algorithms, which rely on deeply explored security metrics and are appealing candidates in the NIST process, have not yet been investigated to the same depth in the context of IoT due to the computational complexity and memory footprint of state-of-the-art software implementations. In this paper, we present to the best of our knowledge the first HW/SW co-design based implementation of the code-based Hamming Quasi Cyclic Key-Encapsulation Mechanism. We profile and evaluate this algorithm in order to explore the trade-off between software optimizations, tightly coupled hardware acceleration by instruction set extension and modular, loosely coupled accelerators. We provide detailed results on the energy consumption and performance of our design and compare it to existing implementations of lattice- and code-based algorithms. The design was implemented in two technologies: FPGA and ASIC. Our results show that code-based algorithms are valid alternatives in low-power IoT from an implementation perspective.
Effect of imperfect phase and timing synchronization on the error rate performance of PSK modulations (2003)

A great deal of attention has been devoted in the recent literature to the study of the symbol error rate (SER) and bit error rate (BER) performance of phase shift keyed (PSK) constellations due to their high spectral efficiency and constant envelope nature. It is well known that an error in phase or timing synchronization affects the probability of correct decisions at the receiver. This problem becomes much more significant as data rates increase and the corresponding symbol durations decrease. We look into this problem and analyze the exact SER and BER performance of uniform and hierarchical PSK constellations under imperfect phase or timing synchronization over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. These expressions are in the form of a weighted sum of Pawula functions and are solely dependent on the constellation size, M, the carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR), the phase/timing error, and, for the case of hierarchical constellations, a priority vector which controls the relative message importance. Because of their purely exponential dependence on the CNR, these expressions can easily be generalized to fading conditions with and without diversity reception. In addition, due to their generic nature, these new expressions readily allow numerical evaluation for various cases of practical interest.
Le réseau des Pur-Sang. : Des guides de France dans la résistance en Alsace. (2006)

ISBN : 2-296-00605-1 ; ISSN : 1773-8547 ; 244 p.
Melanocytoma of the cavernous sinus: CT and MR findings. (1996)

We present the CT, MR angiographic, and histologic findings of a rare primary meningeal melanocytoma of the cavernous sinus. The primary differential diagnosis is between a melanin-containing tumor and an extraaxial cavernous angioma. Radiologic imaging cannot distinguish between the less aggressive primary meningeal melanocytoma and the more aggressive meningeal melanoma.
Growth of self-assembled ZnO nanowire arrays (2007)

This paper reports on ZnO nanowires arrays synthesized using Sn as a catalyst. The Sn particles were produced from the reduction of SnO2 powders via a vapour-solid growth process. Control of growth conditions led to the formation of ZnO nanowire arrays, radial nanowire ‘flowers’ and uniaxial fuzzy nanowires. ZnO nanowire–nanobelt junctions were also grown by changing the growth direction. As-grown nanowire arrays could be fundamental materials for investigating physical and chemical properties at nano-scale dimensions.
Power control for cooperative dynamic spectrum access networks with diverse QoS constraints (2010)

Dynamic spectrum access (DSA) is an integral part of cognitive radio technology aiming at efficient management of the available power and bandwidth resources. The present paper deals with cooperative DSA networks, where collaborating terminals adhere to diverse (maximum and minimum) quality-of-service (QoS) constraints in order to not only effect hierarchies between primary and secondary users but also prevent abusive utilization of the available spectrum. Peer-to-peer networks with co-channel interference are considered in both single- and multi-channel settings. Utilities that are functions of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) are employed as QoS metrics. By adjusting their transmit power, users can mitigate the generated interference and also meet the QoS requirements. A novel formulation accounting for heterogeneous QoS requirements is obtained after introducing a suitable relaxation and recasting a constrained sum-utility maximization as a convex optimization problem. The optimality of the relaxation is established under general conditions. Based on this relaxation, an algorithm for optimal power control that is amenable to distributed implementation is developed, and its convergence is established. Numerical tests verify the analytical claims and demonstrate performance gains relative to existing schemes.
ChemInform Abstract: Effect of Thin Interfacial SiO2 Films on Metal Contacts to B‐Doped Diamond Films. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Potential for pharmacological manipulation of human embryonic stem cells (2012)

The therapeutic potential of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is vast, allowing disease modelling, drug discovery and testing and perhaps most importantly regenerative therapies. However, problems abound; techniques for cultivating self-renewing hESCs tend to give a heterogeneous population of self-renewing and partially differentiated cells and general include animal-derived products that can be cost-prohibitive for large-scale production, and effective lineage-specific differentiation protocols also still remain relatively undefined and are inefficient at producing large amounts of cells for therapeutic use. Furthermore, the mechanisms and signalling pathways that mediate pluripotency and differentiation are still to be fully appreciated. However, over the recent years, the development/discovery of a range of effective small molecule inhibitors/activators has had a huge impact in hESC biology. Large-scale screening techniques, coupled with greater knowledge of the pathways involved, have generated pharmacological agents that can boost hESC pluripotency/self-renewal and survival and has greatly increased the efficiency of various differentiation protocols, while also aiding the delineation of several important signalling pathways. Within this review, we hope to describe the current uses of small molecule inhibitors/activators in hESC biology and their potential uses in the future.
Public Key Management Framework for Two-tier Super Peer Architecture (2007)

Many Internet applications use public key infrastructure (PKI) to enable the secure transaction of confidential messages. However, the use of PKI is not consistent with the ideas of peer-to-peer networks. In this paper, we propose public key management framework to distribute public key safely without PKI infrastructure for two-tier super peer architecture. In this framework, each peer self-generates and distributes public/private key pairs. In general case, this kind of mechanism is vulnerable to man-in-the- middle attack during the public key distribution process. But the proposed mechanism can easily avoid this kind of attack.
A new subclass of exoribonuclease resistant RNA found in multiple <i>Flaviviridae</i> genera (2020)

ABSTRACT Viruses have developed innovative strategies to exploit the cellular machinery and overcome the host antiviral defenses, often using specifically structured RNA elements. Examples are found in flaviviruses; during flaviviral infection, pathogenic subgenomic flaviviral RNAs (sfRNAs) accumulate in the cell. These sfRNAs are formed when a host cell 5’ to 3’ exoribonuclease degrades the viral genomic RNA but is blocked by an exoribonuclease resistant RNA structure (xrRNA) located in the viral genome’s 3’untranslated region (UTR). Although known to exist in several Flaviviridae genera the full distribution and diversity of xRNAs in this virus family was unknown. Using the recent high-resolution structure of an xrRNA from the divergent flavivirus Tamana bat virus (TABV) as a reference, we used bioinformatic searches to identify xrRNA in the Pegivirus, Pestivirus, and Hepacivirus genera. We biochemically and structurally characterized several examples, determining that they are genuine xrRNAs with a conserved fold. These new xrRNAs look superficially similar to the previously described xrRNAs but possess structural differences making them distinct from previous classes of xrRNAs. Our findings thus require adjustments of previous xrRNA classification schemes and expand on the previously known distribution of the xrRNA in Flaviviridae , indicating their widespread distribution and illustrating their importance. IMPORTANCE The Flaviviridae comprise one of the largest families of positive sense single stranded (+ssRNA) and it is divided into the Flavivirus , Pestivirus , Pegivirus , and Hepacivirus genera. The genus Flavivirus contains many medically relevant viruses such as Zika Virus, Dengue Virus, and Powassan Virus. In these, a part of the virus’s RNA twists up into a very special three-dimensional shape called an xrRNA that blocks the ability of the cell to “chew up” the viral RNA. Hence, part of the virus’ RNA remains intact, and this protected part is important for viral infection. This was known to occur in Flaviviruses but whether it existed in the other members of the family was not known. In this study, we not only identified a new subclass of xrRNA found in Flavivirus but also in the remaining three genera. The fact that this process of viral RNA maturation exists throughout the entire Flaviviridae family makes it clear that this is an important but underappreciated part of the infection strategy of these diverse human pathogens.
Image reconstruction from limited angle projections collected by multisource interior x-ray imaging systems (2020)

A multi-source x-ray interior imaging system with limited angle scanning is investigated to study the possibility of building an ultra-fast micro-CT for dynamic small animal imaging. And two methods are employed to perform interior reconstruction from a limited number of projections collected by the multi-source interior x-ray system. The first is total variation minimization with the steepest descent search (TVM-SD) and the second is total difference minimization with soft-threshold filtering (TDM-STF). Comprehensive numerical simulations and animal studies are performed to validate the associated reconstructed methods and demonstrate the feasibility and application of the proposed system configuration. The image reconstruction results show that both of the two reconstruction methods can significantly improve the image quality and the TDM-SFT is slightly superior to the TVM-SD. Finally, quantitative image analysis shows it is possible to make an ultra-fast micro-CT using a multi-source interior x-ray system scheme combined with the state-of-the-art interior tomography.
Cover Picture: Macromol. Chem. Phys. 6/2005 (2005)

Cover: The figure shows two‐dimensional electrophoretic separation of ten polyelectrolytes, according to the charge density and the molecular mass, performed in a single capillary. Further details can be found in the Full Paper by H. Cottet * and J.‐P. Biron on page 628.
Functional rather than immunoreactive levels of IgG<sub>4</sub> correlate closely with clinical response to grass pollen immunotherapy (2011)

Functional assays of inhibitory IgG(4) and IgE-blocking factor may be more useful surrogates of clinical response than IgG(4). Whether these antibody effects may serve as predictive biomarkers of clinical efficacy in individual patients requires further investigation.
Double-profile intersection (DoPIo) elastography: a new approach to quantifying tissue elasticity (2019)

Tissue elasticity can be measured by applying an acoustic radiation force (ARF) excitation and tracking mechanical responses like deformation or shear wave propagation via displacement tracking. However, tissue displacements tracked by ultrasound is underestimated due to the shearing of scatterers under the tracking point-spread function. While such displacement underestimation is a source of error in conventional elasticity approaches, we herein present an alternative method that exploits displacement underestimation: double-profile intersection (DoPIo) elastography. We hypothesize that DoPIo can quantify material elasticity in silico.
Self-consistent micromagnetic simulations including spin-diffusion effects (2014)

We implement a finite-element scheme that solves the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation coupled to a diffusion equation accounting for spin-polarized currents. The latter solves for the spin accumulation not only in magnetic materials but also in nonmagnetic conductors. The presented method incorporates the model by Slonczewski for the description of spin torque in magnetic multilayers as well as the model of Zhang and Li for the description of current driven domain-wall motion. Furthermore it is able to do both resolve the time evolution of the spin accumulation or treat it in an adiabatic fashion by the choice of sufficiently large time steps.