gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of chiral functionalized trans-.beta.-isopropenyl-.gamma.-(hydroxymethyl)-.gamma.-butyrolactones. (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of chiral functionalized trans-.beta.-isopropenyl-.gamma.-(hydroxymethyl)-.gamma.-butyrolactones.Drury Caine, S. D. Venkataramu, and Adam KoisCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 10, 2960–2963Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00036a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00036a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views244Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A six-month crossover chemoprevention clinical trial of tea in smokers and non-smokers: methodological issues in a feasibility study (2012)

ISRCTN70410203.
Applications of a transportation information architecture (2004)

Basic research in information management, software architecture, human factors, traffic prediction and transportation planning is necessary to manage the integration of millions of disparate computers and sensors, in a high mobility environment, into a collaborative system. This system then enable solutions to a set of transportation problems ranging from autonomous real-time routing and navigation, to autonomous driving, to inferring driving patterns via data mining. In this paper, this information architecture is discussed together with several innovative applications.
Hepatocyte β‐catenin loss is compensated by Insulin‐mTORC1 activation to promote liver regeneration (2022)

Insulin-mTORC1 activation compensates for β-catenin loss to enable LR after PH. mTORC1 signaling in hepatocytes itself is critical to both homeostasis and LR and is only partially compensated by β-catenin activation. Dual inhibition of β-catenin and mTOR may have notable untoward hepatotoxic side effects.
Identification and Functional Characterization of the Human <i>Glutathione S-Transferase P1</i> Gene as a Novel Transcriptional Target of the <i>p53</i> Tumor Suppressor Gene (2008)

The glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) is involved in multiple cellular functions, including phase II metabolism, stress response, signaling, and apoptosis. The mechanisms underlying the significantly high GSTP1 expression in many human tumors are, however, currently not well understood. We report here that the GSTP1 gene is a heretofore unrecognized downstream transcriptional target of the tumor suppressor p53. We identified a p53-binding motif comprising two consecutive half-sites located in intron 4 of the GSTP1 gene and is highly homologous to consensus p53-binding motifs in other p53-responsive genes. Using a combination of electrophoretic mobility shift assay and DNase I footprinting analyses, we showed that wild-type p53 protein binds to the GSTP1 p53 motif and luciferase reporter assays showed the motif to be transcriptionally functional in human tumor cells. In a temperature-sensitive p53-mutant cells, levels of both p21/WAF1 and GSTP1 gene transcripts increased time dependently when cells were switched from the inactive mutant state to the wild-type p53 state. Small interfering RNA-mediated reduction of p53 expression resulted in a specific decrease in GSTP1 expression and in tumor cells with mutated p53; adenovirally mediated expression of wild-type p53 increased GSTP1 expression significantly. In a panel of early-passage brain tumor cultures from patients, high levels of GSTP1 transcripts and protein were associated with wild-type p53 and, conversely, low GSTP1 levels with mutant p53. p53 expression knockdown by small interfering RNA increased cisplatin sensitivity. The ability of wild-type p53 to transcriptionally activate the human GSTP1 gene defines a novel mechanism of protecting the genome and, potentially, of tumor drug resistance.
A Randomized, Double-Blind Comparison of Ondansetron Versus Placebo for Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting After Infratentorial Craniotomy (2002)

Ondansetron was compared with placebo for nausea and vomiting prophylaxis after fentanyl/isoflurane/relaxant anesthesia and infratentorial craniotomy. Eight milligrams intravenous ondansetron or vehicle was administered at skin closure. Nausea, emesis, and antiemetic use were recorded at 0, 0.5, 1, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hours. There were no significant intergroup differences for nausea incidence at any interval, but cumulatively the placebo group was 3.2 times more likely to develop nausea during the first 12 hours (P = .04). Nausea incidence was bimodal in both groups, peaking during the first 1 to 4 hours. A nadir occurred at 8 to 12 hours, but nausea increased during the next 36 hours. By 48 hours, approximately 40% of patients in both groups were still nauseated. Reduced vomiting frequency was seen with ondansetron at 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours (P < .05). Despite rescue antiemetics, emesis occurred in an irregular pattern with episodes still observed in 35% of placebo patients at 48 hours. For ondansetron, emesis was infrequent for the first 12 hours but then a persistent increase was observed (48 hours, 22%). The incidence of rescue antiemetic use was 65% for both groups. There was no effect of gender. Nausea and vomiting are frequent and protracted after infratentorial craniotomy. Administration of single-dose ondansetron (8 mg intravenously) at wound closure was partially effective in reducing acute nausea and vomiting but had little delayed benefit. Scheduled prophylactic administration of antiemetic therapy during the first 48 hours after infratentorial craniotomy should be evaluated for efficacy and safety.
Addressing Cache/Memory Overheads in Enterprise Java CMP Servers (2007)

As we enter the era of chip multiprocessor (CMP) architectures, it is important that we explore the scaling characteristics of mainstream server workloads on these platforms. In this paper, we analyze the performance of two significant enterprise Java workloads (SPECjAppServer2004 and SPECjbb2005) on CMP platforms -present and future. We start by characterizing the core, cache and memory behavior of these workloads on the newly released Intel core 2 Duo Xeon platform (dual-core, dual-socket). Our findings from these measurements indicate that these workloads have a significant performance dependence on cache and memory subsystems. In order to guide the evolution of future CMP platforms, we perform a detailed investigation of potential cache and memory architecture choices. This includes analyzing the effects of thread sharing and migration, object allocation and garbage collection. Based on the observed behavior, we propose architectural optimizations along three dimensions: (a) data-less cache line initialization (DCLI), (b) hardware-guided thread collocation (HGTC) and (c) on-socket DRAM caches (OSDC). In this paper, we will describe these optimizations in detail and validate their performance potential based on trace-driven simulations and execution-driven emulation. Overall, we expect that the findings in this paper will guide future CMP architectures for enterprise Java servers.
<i>Sarcocystis Falcatula—Associated</i>Encephalitis in a Free-Ranging Great Horned Owl (<i>Bubo Virginianus</i>) (2009)

A great horned owl (Bubo virginianus) was admitted to a rehabilitation clinic with severe neurologic signs that were unresponsive to supportive care. The animal was euthanatized because of a poor prognosis. Marked granulomatous encephalitis with focal brainstem malacia was detected microscopically. The brainstem was the most severely affected brain location and the only place in which schizonts and merozoites, morphologically compatible with Sarcocystis spp., were detected. Immunohistochemistry with the use of polyclonal antisera indicated the presence of Sarcocystis falcatula. The species identification of the protozoa as S. falcatula was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. To the author's knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous S. falcatula-associated encephalitis in a great horned owl.
Cross-talk between IL-6 trans-signaling and AIM2 inflammasome/IL-1β axes bridge innate immunity and epithelial apoptosis to promote emphysema (2022)

Pulmonary emphysema is associated with dysregulated innate immune responses that promote chronic pulmonary inflammation and alveolar apoptosis, culminating in lung destruction. However, the molecular regulators of innate immunity that promote emphysema are ill-defined. Here, we investigated whether innate immune inflammasome complexes, comprising the adaptor ASC, Caspase-1 and specific pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), promote the pathogenesis of emphysema. In the lungs of emphysematous patients, as well as spontaneous <i>gp130</i><sup>F/F</sup> and cigarette smoke (CS)-induced mouse models of emphysema, the expression (messenger RNA and protein) and activation of ASC, Caspase-1, and the inflammasome-associated PRR and DNA sensor AIM2 were up-regulated. AIM2 up-regulation in emphysema coincided with the biased production of the mature downstream inflammasome effector cytokine IL-1β but not IL-18. These observations were supported by the genetic blockade of ASC, AIM2, and the IL-1 receptor and therapy with AIM2 antagonistic suppressor oligonucleotides, which ameliorated emphysema in <i>gp130</i><sup>F/F</sup> mice by preventing elevated alveolar cell apoptosis. The functional requirement for AIM2 in driving apoptosis in the lung epithelium was independent of its expression in hematopoietic-derived immune cells and the recruitment of infiltrating immune cells in the lung. Genetic and inhibitor-based blockade of AIM2 also protected CS-exposed mice from pulmonary alveolar cell apoptosis. Intriguingly, IL-6 trans-signaling via the soluble IL-6 receptor, facilitated by elevated levels of IL-6, acted upstream of the AIM2 inflammasome to augment AIM2 expression in emphysema. Collectively, we reveal cross-talk between the AIM2 inflammasome/IL-1β and IL-6 trans-signaling axes for potential exploitation as a therapeutic strategy for emphysema.
A novel prostate carcinoma‐associated glycoprotein complex (PAC) recognized by monoclonal antibody turp‐27 (1991)

A prostate carcinoma-associated antigen recognized by MAb TURP-27 was characterized immunohistochemically and biochemically. TURP-27 antigen was found localized in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of the ductal epithelial cells of normal (10%), benign (75-100%) and malignant (20-100%) prostate cells. Fetal prostate tissues were also found to express the TURP-27 antigen, suggesting expression early in development. This antigen was not expressed by non-prostate tumors examined, but significant cross-reactivity was observed in myelinated nerves while minor cross-reactivity was seen in certain lymphocyte subsets, cells in the adrenal medulla and chief cells of stomach. Immunoblotting and biochemical data demonstrated that the TURP-27 antigen is a sialic-acid-containing glycoprotein complex with major molecular species in prostate tissues of 310-250, 180, 140, 115, 95-90, 69, and 40- to 35-kDa. Immunoblotting patterns similar to those observed for prostate tissues were also seen in CNS extracts with the exception of the 69 and 40- to 35-kDa proteins. This prostate carcinoma-associated sialoglycoprotein complex (PAC) recognized by MAb TURP-27 is likely to represent a novel tumor antigen expressed by prostate tumors.
THE EFFECTS OF AS_4S_4 ON THE EXPRESSION OF IFN-Γ AND IL-10 IN MRL/LPR MICE (2012)

Objective: To investigate the effect of As4S4 on the expression of Interferon-γ(IFN-γ) and Interleukin-6(IL-6) in MRL/lpr mice.Method: The spleen were isolated from MRL/lpr mice and C57BL/6J mice at the age of 20 weeks under pathogen-free condition,and the cells suspensions were prepared.Then the cells were stimulated in vitro for 48 h in the presence of phytohemagglutinin-P(PHA-P,20 mg/L) and IL-2(106 IU/L),and were divided randomly into different groups.The cells were treated with(6.5,12.5,25,50 mg/L) As4S4 for 24 h.In addition,cells were added with As4S4 at 25 mg/L,respectively,as compared to those given PBS.Then concentration of IFN-γ and IL-6 in the supernatants of the cell culture was measured by ELISA.Result: Compared with PBS groups of C57BL/6J mice,the levels of IFN-γ and IL-6 were higher in PBS group of MRL/lpr mice(P0.01).In MRL/lpr mice,compared with PBS group,the secretion level of IFN-γ and IL-6 were lower in As4S4 group(P0.01).No difference of these indexes mentioned above As4S4 group and PBS group in C57BL/6J mice were observed.Conclusion: As4S4 may down-regulated the secretion of IFN-γ,IL-6,which has no effect on normal mice.
Using copper nanomarkers for revealing microcracks and regions of microdamage on the surface of pipelines and parts of oil and gas machinery (2016)

It has been shown that copper nanomarkers can be used for revealing microcracks and regions of microdamage on the surface of pipelines and parts of oil and gas machinery. The synthesis of copper nanoparticles by hydrazine-induced reduction from aqueous salt solutions in the presence of surface active agents (SAAs) and their silicon-dioxide stabilization, which is needed to prevent surface oxidation processes, are described. Testing of the deposition of optical nanomarkers on a metal surface has been performed. It has been discovered that copper nanoparticles become trapped in microcracks on the surface of metal samples and stay there after the surplus substance is removed from the surface. It has been shown that synthesized copper nanoparticles can be detected in microcracks and regions of microdamage by irradiating metal surfaces of constructional materials with a femtosecond laser.
GUVs prepared by gentle hydration reproduce the oscillatory domain dynamics (2021)

GUVs prepared by ‘gentle hydration’ consisting of POPC:SM:Ch (1:1:1) labeled with 0.5 mol% Rho-DPPE (pseudo-colored blue), encapsulating 200 mM sucrose. Hypotonic conditions are established by dilution in deionized water at 25°C. Vesicles exhibit osmotic swelling and oscillatory domain dynamics comparable to that seen for electroformed GUVs under the same conditions.
Electronic Structure of Ytterbium(III) Solvates – A Combined Spectro-scopic and Theoretical Study (2021)

The wide range of optical and magnetic properties of the lanthanide(III) ions is associated to their intricate electronic structures, which in contrast to lighter elements is characterized by strong relativistic effects and spin-orbit coupling. Nevertheless, computational methods are now capable of describing the ladder of electronic energy levels of the simpler trivalent lanthanide ions, as well as the lowest energy term of most of the series. The electronic energy levels result from electron configurations that are first split by spin-orbit coupling into groups of energy levels denoted by the corresponding Russel-Saunders terms. Each of these groups are then split by the ligand field into the actual electronic energy levels known as microstates or sometimes mJ levels. The ligand field splitting directly informs on coordination geometry, and is a valuable tool for determining structure and thus correlating the structure and properties of metal complexes in solution. The issue with lanthanide complexes is that the determination of complex structures from ligand field splitting remains a very challenging task. In this manuscript, the optical spectra – absorption, luminescence excitation and luminescence emission – of ytterbium(III) solvates were rec-orded in water, methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide and N,N-dimethylformamide. The electronic energy levels, that is the microstates, were resolved experimentally. Subsequently, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to model the structures of the solvates and ab initio relativistic complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) calculations were employed to obtain the microstates of the possible structures of each solvate. By comparing experimental and theoretical data, it was possible to determine both the coordination number and solution structure of each solvate. In water, methanol and N,N-dimethylformamide the solvates were found to be eight-coordinated and to have a square anti-prismatic coordination geometry. In DMSO the speciation was found to be more complicated. The robust methodology developed for comparing experimental spectra and computational results allows the solution structures of lanthanide complexes to be determined, paving the way for the design of complexes with predetermined properties.
Learning Pose Image Manifolds Using Geometry-Preserving GANs and Elasticae (2023)

This paper investigates the challenge of learning image manifolds, specifically pose manifolds, of 3D objects using limited training data. It proposes a DNN approach to manifold learning and for predicting images of objects for novel, continuous 3D rotations. The approach uses two distinct concepts: (1) Geometric Style-GAN (Geom-SGAN), which maps images to low-dimensional latent representations and maintains the (first-order) manifold geometry. That is, it seeks to preserve the pairwise distances between base points and their tangent spaces, and (2) uses Euler's elastica to smoothly interpolate between directed points (points + tangent directions) in the low-dimensional latent space. When mapped back to the larger image space, the resulting interpolations resemble videos of rotating objects. Extensive experiments establish the superiority of this framework in learning paths on rotation manifolds, both visually and quantitatively, relative to state-of-the-art GANs and VAEs.
Synthetic heparan sulfate standards and machine learning facilitate the development of solid-state nanopore analysis (2021)

The application of solid-state (SS) nanopore devices to single-molecule nucleic acid sequencing has been challenging. Thus, the early successes in applying SS nanopore devices to the more difficult class of biopolymer, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), have been surprising, motivating us to examine the potential use of an SS nanopore to analyze synthetic heparan sulfate GAG chains of controlled composition and sequence prepared through a promising, recently developed chemoenzymatic route. A minimal representation of the nanopore data, using only signal magnitude and duration, revealed, by eye and image recognition algorithms, clear differences between the signals generated by four synthetic GAGs. By subsequent machine learning, it was possible to determine disaccharide and even monosaccharide composition of these four synthetic GAGs using as few as 500 events, corresponding to a zeptomole of sample. These data suggest that ultrasensitive GAG analysis may be possible using SS nanopore detection and well-characterized molecular training sets.
Surfactant-Assisted Isolation of Small-Diameter Boron-Nitride Nanotubes for Molding One-Dimensional van der Waals Heterostructures (2022)

Rolling two-dimensional (2D) materials into 1D nanotubes allows for greater functionality. Boron-nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) can serve as insulating 1D templates for the coaxial growth of guest nanotubes, without interfering with property characterization. However, their application as 1D templates has been greatly hindered by their poor dispersibility, inevitably resulting in the formation of thick bundles. Here we present the facile preparation of well-dispersed BNNT templates via surfactant dispersions and synthesis of 1D van der Waals heterostructures based on the BNNTs. Comprehensive microscopic analyses show the isolation of clean, high-quality BNNTs. Statistical analyses revealed that small-diameter double-walled BNNTs are highly enriched by chemical peeling of BN sidewalls through the sonication process. We further demonstrate that the isolated BNNTs can template the coaxial growth of carbon and MoS<sub>2</sub> nanotubes by using chemical vapor deposition. The present strategy can be applied to the synthesis of a variety of nanotubes, thereby allowing for their characterization.
How Graphene Slides: Measurement and Theory of Strain-Dependent Frictional Forces between Graphene and SiO<sub>2</sub> (2013)

Strain, bending rigidity, and adhesion are interwoven in determining how graphene responds when pulled across a substrate. Using Raman spectroscopy of circular, graphene-sealed microchambers under variable external pressure, we demonstrate that graphene is not firmly anchored to the substrate when pulled. Instead, as the suspended graphene is pushed into the chamber under pressure, the supported graphene outside the microchamber is stretched and slides, pulling in an annulus. Analyzing Raman G band line scans with a continuum model extended to include sliding, we extract the pressure dependent sliding friction between the SiO2 substrate and mono-, bi-, and trilayer graphene. The sliding friction for trilayer graphene is directly proportional to the applied load, but the friction for monolayer and bilayer graphene is inversely proportional to the strain in the graphene, which is in violation of Amontons' law. We attribute this behavior to the high surface conformation enabled by the low bending rigidity and strong adhesion of few layer graphene.
The amino acid sequence of cytochrome c-556 from Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain Apple 185 (1983)

The evidence for the amino acid sequence of cytochrome c-556 from Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain Apple 185 is reported. The sequence was determined by manual Edman degradation of tryptic and chymotryptic peptides using the DABITC/PITC double-coupling method; some peptides were further cleaved by partial acid hydrolysis and with Staphylococcus aureus protease. The sequence overlaps 13-15, 83-85 and 106-108 as well as the region 113-118 involving the haem-binding sequence Cys-Xaa-Xaa-Cys-His were deduced by homology with cytochrome c-556 from Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain B2a. The identity of histidine at position 6 has been inferred from fast-atom bombardment experiments on the N-terminal tryptic peptide, and Asp-63 was deduced from the electrophoretic mobility of the peptides in which it occurs. The cytochrome from A. tumefaciens Apple 185 contains 125 amino acids of which 71 are identical in the protein from strain B2a. Together with cytochrome c-556 from the photosynthetic prokaryote Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain 2.1.37, the presently studied protein is the third known example of a monohaem class II cytochrome of the low-spin type having the single haem group covalently linked near the C terminus of the polypeptide chain. The only methionine residue in the Apple protein, methionine-13, is the most likely candidate to be the sixth haem ligand and therefore to be responsible for the low-spin character of the haem iron.
Nuclear β-catenin and CD44 upregulation characterize invasive cell populations in non-aggressive MCF-7 breast cancer cells (2010)

MCF-7-14 cells are a novel model for breast cancer metastasis without requiring constitutive EMT and are categorized as a "metastable phenotype", which can be distinguished from both epithelial and mesenchymal cells. The alterations and characteristics of MCF-7-14 cells, especially nuclear beta-catenin and CD44 upregulation, may characterize invasive cell populations in breast cancer.