gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantum-Dot-Functionalized Scanning Probes for Fluorescence-Energy-Transfer-Based Microscopy (2003)

Semiconductor nanocrystals are used to functionalize atomic force microscope (AFM) tips. Such tips may be useful for fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy. CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals are chemically bound to the surface of an AFM tip by three coating methods utilizing organosilane linker molecules. Binding of nanocrystals by these methods was characterized on silicon and glass surfaces by AFM, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical measurements. The use of mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane as the linker molecule is found to provide the optimal linking scheme. Via the linking of the nanocrystals to the tip, the unique photophysical properties of the quantum dots and their tunability via chemical synthesis are exploited to create light-emitting scanning probes with controlled emission color, using a single excitation source. The functionalized probes retain their sharpness for high-resolution AFM topography acquisition. These properties are desirable for FRET schemes where the nanocrystals on the tip serve as either FRET donors or acceptors interacting with chromophores on the scanned sample. This interaction provides a contrast mechanism for high-resolution optical imaging in the near field. The potential of these coated tips for FRET-based imaging is demonstrated by localized binding of acceptor dye molecules to the functionalized tips resulting in distinctive FRET signals.
H‐ficolin binds <i><scp>A</scp>spergillus fumigatus</i> leading to activation of the lectin complement pathway and modulation of lung epithelial immune responses (2015)

Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that typically infects the lungs of immunocompromised patients leading to a high mortality. H-Ficolin, an innate immune opsonin, is produced by type II alveolar epithelial cells and could participate in lung defences against infections. Here, we used the human type II alveolar epithelial cell line, A549, to determine the involvement of H-ficolin in fungal defence. Additionally, we investigated the presence of H-ficolin in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from transplant patients during pneumonia. H-Ficolin exhibited demonstrable binding to A. fumigatus conidia via l-fucose, d-mannose and N-acetylglucosamine residues in a calcium- and pH-dependent manner. Moreover, recognition led to lectin complement pathway activation and enhanced fungal association with A549 cells. Following recognition, H-ficolin opsonization manifested an increase in interleukin-8 production from A549 cells, which involved activation of the intracellular signalling pathways mitogen-activated protein kinase MAPK kinase 1/2, p38 MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Finally, H-ficolin concentrations were significantly higher in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with lung infections compared with control subjects (n = 16; P = 0·00726). Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis further highlighted the potential of H-ficolin as a diagnostic marker for lung infection (area under the curve = 0·77; P < 0·0001). Hence, H-ficolin participates in A. fumigatus defence through the activation of the lectin complement pathway, enhanced fungus-host interactions and modulated immune responses.
Faster Fully Homomorphic Encryption: Bootstrapping in less than 0.1 Seconds. (2016)

In this paper, we revisit fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) based on GSW and its ring variants. We notice that the internal product of GSW can be replaced by a simpler external product between a GSW and an LWE ciphertext.
Spatial-wideband effect in massive MIMO systems (2017)

For massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, the furthest distance between two antennas may be very large compared with the carrier wavelength. Therefore, the physical propagation delay of electromagnetic wave across the array aperture cannot be ignored, which will cause spatial-wideband effect and make the system design much different from the conventional one that only considers the frequency-wideband effect. Taking mmWave-band communications as an example, we demonstrate the spatial- and frequency-wideband effects, called the dual-wideband effects, in massive MIMO systems. We first discuss a new dual-wideband channel model. By exploiting the channel sparsity in the angle and the delay domains, we then develop a simple yet effective channel estimation algorithm. Thanks to the angular-delay reciprocity, the proposed channel estimation strategy is suitable for both TDD and FDD communication systems. The subsequent numerical results clarify that the proposed transmission design can well address the dual-wideband effects and significantly outperform the existing designs that only consider the frequency-wideband effect.
Signal processing for SDH digital cross-connect system (2002)

A new multi-rate time switch algorithm capable of switching any kind of Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) multiplexing elements such as VC-11s, VC-12s, and VC-3s is presented. The algorithm controls the switching period adaptively on a real-time basis. A new pointer processing algorithm which ensures that pointers which are identical prior to processing remain identical after processing is described. A digital cross-connect system using the new signal-processing is introduced.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Transport Layer Security (TLS) Extension for Token Binding Protocol Negotiation (2018)

This document specifies a Transport Layer Security (TLS) extension for
the negotiation of Token Binding protocol version and key parameters.
Transmission Techniques for Emergent Multicast and Broadcast Systems (2010)

Describing efficient transmission schemes for broadband wireless systems, Transmission Techniques for Emergent Multicast and Broadcast Systems examines advances in transmission techniques and receiver designs capable of supporting the emergent wireless needs for multimedia broadcast and multicast service (MBMS) requirements. It summarizes the resea
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of (E)‐Alkenes and (E)‐l,ω‐Dienes Starting from Diastereoisomeric Mixtures of 1‐Bromo‐1‐alkenes: New Syntheses of Monounsaturated or Bridged Ring‐Ketal Naturally Occurring Substances. (1986)

Abstract Aus den Vinylhalogeniden (I) bzw. (V) erhält man bei der Umsetzung mit der Grignard‐Verbindung (II) in Gegenwart von Pd‐Katalysatoren die sterisch einheitlichen Diene (III) bzw. (VI), 47 Liie zu den Ketonen (IV) bzw. (VII) hydratisiert werden.
A CMOS 22-29GHz Receiver Front-End for UWB Automotive Pulse-Radars (2007)

The design of a CMOS 22-29GHz pulse-radar receiver (RX) front-end for ultra-wideband (UWB) automotive radar sensors is presented. Fabricated in a 0.18μm CMOS process, the 3mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> RX chip achieves a conversion gain of 35-38.1dB, noise figure of 5.5-7.4dB and input return loss less than -14.5 dB in the 22-29 GHz band. The phase noise of the constituent QVCO is –107dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset from a center frequency of 26.5GHz. The total dc power dissipation of the RX including LO/output buffers is 131mW.
Chart Reader: Accessible Visualization Experiences Designed with Screen Reader Users (2023)

Even though screen readers are a core accessibility tool for blind and low vision individuals (BLVIs), most visualizations are incompatible with screen readers. To improve accessible visualization experiences, we partnered with 10 BLV screen reader users (SRUs) in an iterative co-design study to design and develop accessible visualization experiences that afford SRUs the autonomy to interactively read and understand visualizations and their underlying data. During the five-month study, we explored accessible visualization prototypes with our design partners for three one-hour sessions. Our results provide feedback on the synthesized design concepts we explored, why (or why not) they aid comprehension and exploration for SRUs, and how differing design concepts can fit into cohesive accessible visualization experiences. We contribute both Chart Reader, a web-based accessibility engine resulting from our design iterations, and our distilled study findings—organized by design dimensions—in the creation of comprehensive accessible visualization experiences.
A novel deep intronic variant strongly associates with Alkaptonuria (2021)

Alkaptonuria is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder of tyrosine metabolism, which causes ochronosis, arthropathy, cardiac valvular calcification, and urolithiasis. The epidemiology of alkaptonuria in East Asia is not clear. In this study, patients diagnosed with alkaptonuria from January 2010 to June 2020 were reviewed. Their clinical and molecular features were further compared with those of patients from other countries. Three patients were found to have alkaptonuria. Mutation analyses of the homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase gene (HGD) showed four novel variants c.16-2063 A > C, p.(Thr196Ile), p.(Gly344AspfsTer25), and p.(Gly362Arg) in six mutated alleles (83.3%). RNA sequencing revealed that c.16-2063 A > C activates a cryptic exon, causing protein truncation p.(Tyr5_Ile6insValTer17). A literature search identified another 6 patients with alkaptonuria in East Asia; including our cases, 13 of the 18 mutated alleles have not been reported elsewhere in the world. Alkaptonuria is rare in Taiwan and East Asia, with HGD variants being mostly novel and private.
Two-photon fluorescence properties of novel quadrupolar and octupolar molecules (2004)

Using a wavelength-tunable optical parametric oscillation (OPO) laser, we investigate the two-photon fluorescence (TPF) properties of two quadrupolar (P2SS2Ph and PSS2PhNp) and three octupolar (P3SPh, P3SS2Ph and TRZ-Ph-Tol) donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) type molecules. TPF cross-section /spl delta/ of all the samples lies at the wavelength between 740 nm and 990 nm. Even though P3SS2PH octupolar and P2SS2PH quadrupolar molecules have distinctly different structures and symmetries, their maximum /spl delta/ are close. On the other hand, the maximum /spl delta/ of octupolar TRZ-Ph-Tol is very much larger than that of the structurally different octupolar P3SPh The /spl pi/-electron delocalization in TRZ-Ph-Tol is more extended than in P3SPh. It is thus tempting to conclude that the longer the conjugation length, the larger the maximum /spl delta/. Although the conjugation system of P3SS2Ph is no less extended, compared with TRZ-Ph-Tol, its /spl delta/ is much smaller. This may be due to the weaker central acceptor of P3SS2Ph. Furthermore, we investigate the /spl delta/ spectral difference between octupolar and quadrupolar molecules.
Motion of Dayside Auroral Arc Observed At Yellow River Station Affected by the Earth's Rotation (2016)

By using of the all-sky auroral data detected at Chinese Arctic Yellow River Station, the frame of dayside auroral arc is extracted and mapped to the Magnetic Local Time (MLT)-geomagnetic Latitude (MLAT) coordinate system, and the auroral arc velocity induced by the Earth's rotation is calculated. For any auroral arc, its tilt is the angle between the arc direction and the local geomagnetic east-west direction. The results indicate that the velocity is determined by the distance that the arc departs away from zenith and the arc tilt. The arc tilt determines the velocity orientation, and hence is more important. In order to calculate the arc tilt, over 40000 images of dayside auroral arcs are extracted from 4 years observations of Chinese Arctic Yellow River Station. The calculation results show that arc tilt decreases as MLT increases and reverses at about 10:00MLT. Due to the reversal of arc tilt, the arc motion induced by the Earth's rotation is poleward and equatorward motion at dawn and afternoon respectively. The equatorward motion of the arc is much more obvious than that of poleward motion, and its maximum velocity may exceed 300m&amp;#183;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;-1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;.
Empirical study of ill-supported activities in variation risk identification and assessment in early stage product development (2017)

The purpose of this paper is to present findings from an industrial case study about the support of activities related to identifying and assessing variation-related issues in the design during the concept- and embodiment design stages. The case study investigates a large world-leading mechanical medical device company by interviewing six key employees that work in the variation risk identification and assessment process. It is found that there are several ill-supported activities, and that the project teams rely heavily on tolerance experts’ assistance and experience in order to identify and assess the variation risk. Ill-supported activities are found to be: Balancing hardness of requirements and the screening; communicating mechanism understanding; predicting user input and internal component movement; documenting and communicating tolerance analysis; implementing robustness in the early definition of the projects; and implementing statistical information in the calculations. It is suggested these areas should be supported further.
CoKE: Contextualized Knowledge Graph Embedding (2019)

Knowledge graph embedding, which projects symbolic entities and relations into continuous vector spaces, is gaining increasing attention. Previous methods allow a single static embedding for each entity or relation, ignoring their intrinsic contextual nature, i.e., entities and relations may appear in different graph contexts, and accordingly, exhibit different properties. This work presents Contextualized Knowledge Graph Embedding (CoKE), a novel paradigm that takes into account such contextual nature, and learns dynamic, flexible, and fully contextualized entity and relation embeddings. Two types of graph contexts are studied: edges and paths, both formulated as sequences of entities and relations. CoKE takes a sequence as input and uses a Transformer encoder to obtain contextualized representations. These representations are hence naturally adaptive to the input, capturing contextual meanings of entities and relations therein. Evaluation on a wide variety of public benchmarks verifies the superiority of CoKE in link prediction and path query answering. It performs consistently better than, or at least equally well as current state-of-the-art in almost every case, in particular offering an absolute improvement of 21.0% in H@10 on path query answering. Our code is available at \url{https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Research/tree/master/KG/CoKE}.
Virtual repulsive force field guided coordination for multi-telerobot collaboration (2002)

The Intelligent Systems Laboratory (ISL) has been developing coordinated control technologies for multitelerobot collaboration, in a common environment remotely controlled from multiple operators physically at a distance from each other. We have built a test bed and conducted a series of experiments, where we learned more about how the transmission delay over the network deteriorates the performance of telerobots. Previously, to overcome the problems arising from the throughput of the network such as the operator's delayed visual perception, we have suggested several coordination approaches in the local operator site. Likewise, this paper discusses the use of virtual repulsive force field in the online predictive simulator to assist the operator to cope with the collision between telerobots in remote environments. In the test bed, the operators control their master robot to get remote telerobots to work cooperatively with the other telerobots in a task. Specifically, the operator detects a priori the possibility of collision in the predictive simulator that runs in near real-time and the use of virtual force field prevents the telerobots from coming into collision. We have demonstrated various tasks by two telerobots and two operators via an Ethernet local area network (LAN) subject to simulated communication delays and evaluated the validity of the virtual force field guided approach in multi-operator-multi-robot (MOMR) tele-collaboration.
D15 The blood-brain barrier integrity and frequency of CSF Th17.1 cells in Huntington´s disease (2022)

<h3>Background</h3> The role of blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the pathogenesis of Huntington´s disease (HD) is not well understood. We recently found increased frequency of Th17.1 cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of HD gene-expansion carriers (HDGECs). The aim of the study was to investigate the BBB integrity as measured by the CSF/plasma albumin ratio (Q-Alb) and correlate to the frequency of CSF Th17.1 cells in HDGECs. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 155 HDGEC and healthy controls (HC) were included in the study and had a lumbar puncture performed. In addition, 60 HDGEGs and HC underwent a lumbar puncture twice with a 5-year interval. CSF from 45 HDGECs and HC was analyzed for Th17.1 cells. <h3>Results</h3> No significant differences for Q-Alb were found between the premanifest HDGECs (Q-Alb mean (SD) = 5.37 (2.46)), manifest HDGEC (Q-Alb mean (SD) = 5.57 (2.83)) and HC (Q-Alb mean (SD) = 5.12 (1.68)) (p = 0.27). We found a significant increase in Q-Alb in HDGECs over 5-year period (p = 0.009), but when compared with HC, no significant difference was found (p = 0.74). No correlation was found between prevalence of Th17.1 cells in the CSF and Q-Alb among HDGEC (p = 0.79). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Overall, we found a trend toward an increasing BBB leakage of albumin in HDGECs, but no significant differences were found. Our results are in line with results from a previous study on Q-Alb in a small cohort of HDGECs. However, BBB disruption has been observed in HD post-mortem. Further studies are needed.
Case study: measurements of the radio frequency exposure from mobile phones and base station antennas in Mauritius (2014)

International audience
TH-CD-BRA-10: Startup Experience of the New Proton Beam Therapy System with Gated Spot Scanning and Real-Time Tumor-Tracking (2015)

Backgrounds:The first Proton Beam Therapy (PBT) system, which has gated spot scanning with real-time tumor-tracking, has been developed and is now under operation. The new system enables us to deliver highly conformal dose to the moving target tumors while sparing surrounding healthy tissues by integrating real-time tumor-tracking and discrete spot scanning techniques. The system is designed to be spot scanning dedicated in order to maximize the efficiency of proton beam utilization and minimize the size of system and facility. Methods: The newly designed system consists of a synchrotron, beam transport systems, a compact rotating gantry system with robotic couch and two orthogonal sets of X-ray fluoroscopes. The system has the ability to control dose distribution with spot scanning beams and to gate the beams from the synchrotron to irradiate a moving target tumor only when the actual positions of fiducial markers are within the planned positions. The new sophisticated synchrotron control system enables multiple-gated irradiations per operation cycle according to the gating signals of the real-time tumor-tracking system. Investigation has been made to minimize motion dose errors and irradiation times. Both treatment accuracy and efficiency were improved significantly in the new system. Researches for Cone-Beam CT and four-dimensional treatment planning system are work-in-progress to maximize its clinical usefulness. Results: The PBT center started patient treatment in March 2014. Commissioning of the system was finished in November and gated spot scanning treatment has been started from December 2014. Several patients with prostate and liver cancer have been successfully treated. The real-time tumor-tracking system has been demonstrated accurate doze distributions for moving target tumors. Conclusion: The new capability of the PBT for moving tumors has been realized by using the gated spot scanning with real-time tumor-tracking system. The system will deliver significant advantages for both clinical and economical points of view.
Model pracy kablobetonowych dźwigarów dachowych KBOS w świetle badań in situ dźwigara KBOS-18 (2005)

W referacie przedstawiono fragment wyników badań in situ dźwigarów kablobetonowych KBOS18 wbudowanych w przekrycie prefabrykowanej hali. Wyniki pomiarów zaprezentowano na tle wyników analiz modeli teoretycznych. Pokazano również możliwość wykorzystania zaproponowanych modeli do obliczeń hal z dźwigarami KBOS o innych rozpiętościach. Na przykładzie dźwigarów KBOS-24 przeanalizowano wpływ świetlików dachowych na pracę konstrukcji przekrycia dachowego.
Analysis of Uniformity of Magnetic Field Generated by the Two-Pair Coil System (2013)

In this paper we use a simple analysis based on properties of the axial field generated by symmetrical multipoles to reveal all possible distributions of two coaxial pairs of circular windings, which result in systems featuring zero octupole and 32 pole magnetic moments (six-order systems). Homogeneity of magnetic field of selected systems is analyzed. It has been found that one of the derived systems generates homogenous magnetic field whose volume is comparable to that yielded by the eight-order system. The influence of the current distribution and the windings placement on the field homogeneity is considered. The table, graphs and equations given in the paper facilitate the choice of the most appropriate design for a given problem. The systems presented may find applications in low field electron paramagnetic resonance imaging, some functional f-MRI (nuclear magnetic resonance imaging) and bioelectromagnetic experiments requiring the access to the working space from all directions.
Performance of MDockPP in CAPRI rounds 28‐29 and 31‐35 including the prediction of water‐mediated interactions (2016)

Protein-protein interactions are either through direct contacts between two binding partners or mediated by structural waters. Both direct contacts and water-mediated interactions are crucial to the formation of a protein-protein complex. During the recent CAPRI rounds, a novel parallel searching strategy for predicting water-mediated interactions is introduced into our protein-protein docking method, MDockPP. Briefly, a FFT-based docking algorithm is employed in generating putative binding modes, and an iteratively derived statistical potential-based scoring function, ITScorePP, in conjunction with biological information is used to assess and rank the binding modes. Up to 10 binding modes are selected as the initial protein-protein complex structures for MD simulations in explicit solvent. Water molecules near the interface are clustered based on the snapshots extracted from independent equilibrated trajectories. Then, protein-ligand docking is employed for a parallel search for water molecules near the protein-protein interface. The water molecules generated by ligand docking and the clustered water molecules generated by MD simulations are merged, referred to as the predicted structural water molecules. Here, we report the performance of this protocol for CAPRI rounds 28-29 and 31-35 containing 20 valid docking targets and 11 scoring targets. In the docking experiments, we predicted correct binding modes for nine targets, including one high-accuracy, two medium-accuracy, and six acceptable predictions. Regarding the two targets for the prediction of water-mediated interactions, we achieved models ranked as "excellent" in accordance with the CAPRI evaluation criteria; one of these two targets is considered as a difficult target for structural water prediction. Proteins 2017; 85:424-434. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.