gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessment of<i>Aedes albopictus</i>(Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) clutch size in wild and laboratory populations (2016)

Aedes albopictus (Skuse) is an invasive mosquito species found across the southern U.S. with range expansion into many northern states. Intra- and interspecific larval competition have been evaluated for Ae. albopictus with respect to subsequent adult size, immature and adult survivability, and its capacity to vector pathogens as an adult. However, limited data are available on egg production as related to larval rearing conditions. Because Ae. albopictus is a container-inhabiting mosquito that oviposits in resource-limited habitats, it is found under variable density-dependent conditions. Therefore, we examined the impact of specific rearing conditions on Ae. albopictus clutch size and adult body size; comparing the egg production values and wing lengths from known developmental densities to those from field-collected populations. Field populations varied significantly among collection sites in mean clutch size (23 to 46). These clutch sizes were comparable to the mean clutch sizes of females reared at the larval densities of nine (20 eggs) and three (53 eggs) larvae per 3 ml of water in the laboratory. Field populations experienced density-dependent effects impacting adult mosquito size. Mosquitoes from the four sample sites had mean wing lengths of 1.99, 2.47, 2.51, and 2.54 mm, which were less than the mean wing length of mosquitoes reared at larval densities of three larvae per 3 ml of water (2.57 mm).
Scaling mmWave WLANs With Single RF Chain Multiuser Beamforming (2022)

Multi-user transmission in 60 GHz Wi-Fi can achieve data rates up to 100 Gbps by multiplexing multiple user data streams. However, a fundamental limit in the approach is that each RF chain is limited to supporting one stream or one user. In this paper, we scale multi-user 60 GHz WLAN data rate by overcoming this limit and propose SIngle RF chain Multi-user BeAmforming (SIMBA), a novel framework for multi-stream multi-user downlink transmission via a single RF chain. We build on single beamformed transmission via overlayed constellations to multiplex multiple users’ modulated symbols such that grouped users at different locations can share the same transmit beam from the AP. For this, we introduce user grouping and beam selection policies that span tradeoffs in data rate, training, and computation overhead. We implement a programmable WLAN testbed using software-defined radios and commercial 60 GHz transceivers and collect over-the-air measurements for different indoor WLAN deployments using a 12-element phased antenna array as well as horn antennas with varying beamwidth. We show that in comparison to single-user transmissions, SIMBA achieves <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> improvement in aggregate rate and two-fold delay reduction for simultaneous transmission to four users.
The Effect of Substituents on the Feasibility of [1,3]-Proton Shift Reaction: New Synthetic Opportunities (1996)

The effect of substituents on the feasibility of biomimetic [1,3]-proton shift isomerization of the imines derived from benzyl trifluoromethyl ketone has been studied. Reaction rate was shown to be controlled by the nature of substitution on the N-site of starting imine. Specifically, the electron-withdrawing substituent on the phenyl of N-benzyl group facilitates the azomethine-azomethine isomerization.
Thienyl-BOPHY dyes as promising templates for bulk heterojunction solar cells (2015)

The synthesis and characterization of bis(difluoroboryl)-1,2-bis((1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)hydrazone functionalized with two lateral vinyl-thienyl modules and exhibiting strong absorption in the 400-800 nm window in thin films are reported. Bulk heterojunction solar cells assembled with these dyes and a fullerene derivative (PC71BM), using very small quantities of the additive diiodooctane, give a power conversion efficiency as high as 4.3% with short-circuit current values of 10.9 mA cm(-2), an open-circuit voltage of 0.7 V and external quantum efficiencies higher than 70% over a broad range of wavelengths (580 to 720 nm).
Functional organization of perisylvian activation during presentation of sentences in preverbal infants (2006)

We examined the functional organization of cerebral activity in 3-month-old infants when they were listening to their mother language. Short sentences were presented in a slow event-related functional MRI paradigm. We then parsed the infant's network of perisylvian responsive regions into functionally distinct regions based on their speed of activation and sensitivity to sentence repetition. An adult-like structure of functional MRI response delays was observed along the superior temporal regions, suggesting a hierarchical processing scheme. The fastest responses were recorded in the vicinity of Heschl's gyrus, whereas responses became increasingly slower toward the posterior part of the superior temporal gyrus and toward the temporal poles and inferior frontal regions (Broca's area). Activation in the latter region increased when the sentence was repeated after a 14-s delay, suggesting the early involvement of Broca's area in verbal memory. The fact that Broca's area is active in infants before the babbling stage implies that activity in this region is not the consequence of sophisticated motor learning but, on the contrary, that this region may drive, through interactions with the perceptual system, the learning of the complex motor sequences required for future speech production. Our results point to a complex, hierarchical organization of the human brain in the first months of life, which may play a crucial role in language acquisition in our species.
Residential Rooftop Photovoltaic Adoption Using a Sequential Mixed Methods Approach in Qatar (2023)

Global warming and climate degradation are critical global issues that influenced the rise of renewable energy sources adoption. Photovoltaic systems are the predominant sustainable and renewable energy source option, which can be deployed on top of residential rooftops on a large scale. However, the success of residential rooftop photovoltaic system adoption depends on multiple barriers, such as public acceptance and perception, market readiness, and supportive governmental policies. While most studies focus on either the customer perception or the market penetration aspects, this study aims to use a combinational approach. Through a mixed method approach, the goals of this study are to: (1) Complete a quantitative analysis on customer acceptance and perception of rooftop photovoltaic systems; (2) Perform a qualitative analysis on the potential of residential rooftop photovoltaic market penetration and the extent of supportive governmental policies; (3) Utilize the mix method approach results to answer adoption hypothesis. A few countries already have strong residential rooftop photovoltaic applications; however, many countries are still at an early stage of photovoltaic system adoption, where this study can be useful. This research uses Qatar as a prime case study in developing the study framework.
Real time SEU detection and diagnosis for safety or mission-critical ICs using HASH library-based fault dictionaries (2011)

Fault detection and diagnosis of safety and mission-critical embedded systems is a constant concern of the aerospace community. There exists a number of fault detection and diagnosis techniques, which are usually based on generating complicated models of the system, or increasing its redundancy. The present paper shows a new approach, based on hash libraries, which allows for fault detection and diagnosis at circuit level, without previous modeling of the system or adding redundancy. Additionally, the proposed technique can be used to detect faults in real-time in a final application, where no comparison with a golden chip is available.
Genetics of Atrazine and <i>s</i>-Triazine Degradation by <i>Psedomonas</i> sp. Strain ADP and Other Bacteria (2000)

Atrazine [6-chloro-N2-ethyl-N4-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine-2,4- diamine], one of the most widely used herbicides in the United States, is rapidly mineralized by Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP in soils and water. Pseudomonas strain ADP metabolizes atrazine as its sole source of nitrogen for growth and initiates atrazine catabolism via three enzymatic steps encoded by the genes atzA,B and C. The first enzyme, AtzA, catalyzes the hydrolytic dechlorination of atrazine yielding hydroxyatrazine. The second enzyme, AtzB, catalyzes hydroxyatrazine deamidation yielding N-isopropylammelide, and the third, AtzC expresses N-isopropylammelide isopropylamino hydrolase activity, metabolizing N-isopropylammelide stoichiometrically to cyanuric acid and N-isopropylamine. Cyanuric acid is subsequently metabolized to CO2 and NH3 via a lower pathway. We have cloned and sequenced the first three genes in the metabolic pathway and have over-expressed these proteins in E.coli. We have shown that genes homologous to atzA, B and C are present in different genera of atrazine-degrading bacteria isolated from geographically diverse locations of the U.S. and World. The atzA, B and C genes have been localized to a 97 kilobase, self-transmissible, plasmid, pADP-l,in Pseudomonas ADP and self-transmissibility of the plasmid was shown by its transfer to Escherichia coli and other bacteria. The atzA gene is flanked by DNA showing greater than 95% sequence identity to insertion sequence IS1071 from Alcaligenes and other bacteria harboring catabolic plasmids, suggesting that transposases may have played a role in the assembly of this metabolic pathway. Taken together these data indicate atrazine catabolism via hydroxyatrazine is widespread in nature and suggest a potential molecular mechanism for the global dispersion of the atzA, atzB, atzC genes.
Spontaneous Elevation of a Ping-Pong Fracture: Case Report and Review of the Literature (2012)

Depressed skull fractures compromise 7-10% of the children admitted to hospital with a head injury. Depressed skull fractures that occur in children younger than 1 year are different from those found in older children. In neonates and infants, a depressed fracture forms an inward buckling of the bones forming a 'cup shape', termed a 'ping-pong fracture'. In neonates, spontaneous elevation of a ping-pong fracture after birth trauma is well documented. However, in infants, spontaneous elevation of a ping-pong fracture following head injury is extremely rare. Here, we present the case of an 11-month-old child, in whom a ping-pong fracture was spontaneously elevated within 2 h. In addition, the relevant literature is reviewed and discussed.
Differential gene expression of <i>ARGININE DECARBOXYLASE ADC1</i> and <i>ADC2</i> in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>: characterization of transcriptional regulation during seed germination and seedling development (2004)

• In plants, polyamines can generally be synthesized by the ornithine decarboxylase and arginine decarboxylase pathways. However, the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana appears to possess only the arginine decarboxylase pathway. As two paralogous ARGININE DECARBOXYLASE (ADC) genes are present in Arabidopsis, we investigated differential expression and potential differences of promoter activity during seedling development and under specific stress conditions. • Promoter activities were studied in stable homozygotic transformants harbouring promoter::reporter gene fusions. • Under temperate conditions, ADC2 promoter activity was strongly associated with seed germination, root and leaf development, whereas ADC1 promoter activity was low during vegetative development. Light, sucrose and ethylene were shown to be important regulators of ADC2 promoter activity. By contrast, in roots and leaves of plantlets subjected to chilling treatment the ADC1 paralogue showed high promoter activity whereas ADC2 promoter activity was considerably decreased. • In situations of seed germination, root development and response to chilling, the modifications of promoter activities were associated with changes in mRNA levels, emphasizing the involvement of transcriptional regulation in ARGININE DECARBOXYLASE gene expression.
Ultrasonic Clusterization Process to Prepare [(NNCO)<sub>6</sub>Co<sub>4</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>] as a Novel Double-Open-Co<sub>4</sub>O<sub>6</sub> Cubane Cluster: SXRD Interactions, DFT, Physicochemical, Thermal Behaviors, and Biomimicking of Catecholase Activity (2022)

A novel double-open-cubane (NNCO)<sub>6</sub>Co<sub>4</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> cluster with a Co<sub>4</sub>O<sub>6</sub> core was made available under aqua-ultrasonic open atmosphere conditions for the first time. The ultrasonic clusterization of the (3,5-dimethyl-1<i>H</i>-pyrazol-1-yl)methanol (NNCOH) ligand with CoCl<sub>2</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O salts in ethanol yielded a high-purity and high-yield cluster product. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and ultraviolet (UV)-visible techniques were used to elucidate the clusterization process. The double-open-Co<sub>4</sub>O<sub>6</sub> cubane structure of the (NNCO)<sub>6</sub>Co<sub>4</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> cluster was solved by synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) and supported by density functional theory (DFT) optimization and thermogravimetric/differential TG (TG/DTG) measurements; moreover, the DFT structural parameters correlated with the ones determined by SXRD. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), Mulliken atomic charge/natural population analysis (MAC/NPA), highest occupied molecular orbital/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO/LUMO), density of states (DOS), and GRD quantum analyses were computed at the DFT/B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) theory level. The thermal behavior of the cluster was characterized to support the formation of the Co<sub>4</sub>O<sub>6</sub> core as a stable final product. The catalytic property of the (NNCO)<sub>6</sub>Co<sub>4</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> cluster was predestined for the oxidation process of 3,5-DTBC diol (3,5-di-<i>tert</i>-butylbenzene-1,2-diol) to 3,5-DTBQ dione (3,5-di-<i>tert</i>-butylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione).
Criteria Dependences to Calculate the Process of Extracting Humic Acids from Peat and Vermicompost in a Rotary Pulse Apparatus (2021)

The regularities of the process of extraction of humic acids (HA) from peat and vermicompost in a rotary pulse apparatus (RPA) have been investigated. It was found that to calculate the mass transfer coefficient, it is necessary to determine the specific power and the values of the Prandtl diffusion criterion; with an increase in the time (number of cycles) of suspension treatment in the RPA, the calculated values of the Prandtl criterion increase and the mass transfer coefficient decreases; the mass transfer coefficient increases with an increase in the specific power consumed for the extraction of HA from peat and vermicompost in the RPA. On the basis of experimental studies, the coefficients in the criterion equation for the process of HA extraction from peat and vermicompost in RPA have been determined.
Erratum to: The KMDS-NATION Study: Korean Movement Disorders Society Multicenter Assessment of Non-Motor Symptoms and Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease NATION Study Group (2017)

This corrects the article on p. 393 in vol. 12, PMID: 27819413.
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein restricts cGAS/STING activation by dsDNA immune complexes (2020)

Dysregulated sensing of self-nucleic acid is a leading cause of autoimmunity in multifactorial and monogenic diseases. Mutations in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp), a key regulator of cytoskeletal dynamics in immune cells, cause autoimmune manifestations and increased production of type I IFNs by innate cells. Here we show that immune complexes of self-DNA and autoantibodies (DNA-ICs) contribute to elevated IFN levels via activation of the cGAS/STING pathway of cytosolic sensing. Mechanistically, lack of endosomal F-actin nucleation by WASp caused a delay in endolysosomal maturation and prolonged the transit time of ingested DNA-ICs. Stalling in maturation-defective organelles facilitated leakage of DNA-ICs into the cytosol, promoting activation of the TBK1/STING pathway. Genetic deletion of STING and STING and cGAS chemical inhibitors abolished IFN production and rescued systemic activation of IFN-stimulated genes in vivo. These data unveil the contribution of cytosolic self-nucleic acid sensing in WAS and underscore the importance of WASp-mediated endosomal actin remodeling in preventing innate activation.
Lazy Visual Localization via Motion Averaging (2023)

Visual (re)localization is critical for various applications in computer vision and robotics. Its goal is to estimate the 6 degrees of freedom (DoF) camera pose for each query image, based on a set of posed database images. Currently, all leading solutions are structure-based that either explicitly construct 3D metric maps from the database with structure-from-motion, or implicitly encode the 3D information with scene coordinate regression models. On the contrary, visual localization without reconstructing the scene in 3D offers clear benefits. It makes deployment more convenient by reducing database pre-processing time, releasing storage requirements, and remaining unaffected by imperfect reconstruction, etc. In this technical report, we demonstrate that it is possible to achieve high localization accuracy without reconstructing the scene from the database. The key to achieving this owes to a tailored motion averaging over database-query pairs. Experiments show that our visual localization proposal, LazyLoc, achieves comparable performance against state-of-the-art structure-based methods. Furthermore, we showcase the versatility of LazyLoc, which can be easily extended to handle complex configurations such as multi-query co-localization and camera rigs.
Low Complexity AoA Estimation with Planar Electromagnetic Lens Arrays (2023)

This paper describes the problem of angle of arrival (AoA) estimation with planar electromagnetic (EM) lens arrays. Planar EM lens arrays exhibit some implementation advantages if compared with dielectric lenses such as light weight and low cost, making them a very attractive solution for different applications. Although several AoA estimation algorithms and methods have been recently proposed, most part of the literature does not deal with the case of planar lens, and an analysis of EM lens array signal models reveals the impossibility to apply methodologies developed for other kind of EM lenses to this case. Therefore, this work develops novel algorithms for AoA estimation with planar EM lens arrays. Moreover, the proposed methods not only have a very low computational complexity, but also employ only signal energies, leading to a great implementation simplification. Numerical results are also shown to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed methods.
Baseline TRUEX Flowsheet Development for the Removal of the Actinides from Dissolved INTEC Calcine Using Centrifugal Contactors (1998)

The TRansUranic EXtraction process (TRUEX) is being evaluated for the treatment of radioactive wastes stored at the Idaho Nuclear Technologies and Engineering Center (INTEC, formerly the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant, ICPP). The treated wastes resulting from actinide removal by the TRUEX process and subsequent fission product separation processes are anticipated to be grouted and disposed as non-TRU low-level wastes (LLW). The resulting concentrated streams containing the TRUs and fission products will be combined, vitrified and disposed of as high-level waste (HLW). Solid calcine is one of the wastes under evaluation for TRU removal by the TRUEX process. The calcine must first be dissolved in nitric acid prior to the radionuclide removal. Zirconium type calcine (generated from zirconium fuel reprocessing raffinates) comprises the majority of the calcine currently stored at the INTEC. The zirconium calcines average 18.3 wt% ZrO2 and has historically been the most problematic to treat with regards to TRU removal because of the high zirconium content in the dissolved calcine solutions. Recent development efforts on the dissolution of Zr calcines indicate slight modifications to the acid concentration used in the dissolution process have a positive effect on the performance of the TRUEX process. The baseline Zr calcine dissolutionmore » procedure has subsequently been modified to produce a lower acidity dissolver product for feed to subsequent separation unit operations, without deleterious effects on the dissolution behavior. A baseline TRUEX flowsheet has been established and successfully tested counter-currently with dissolved zirconium calcine simulant in a 2-cm centrifugal contactor pilot plant. The simulant was spiked with radioactive 241Am and 95Zr to facilitate analysis and evaluate the behavior of the actinides and zirconium. This flowsheet consisted of 6 stages of extraction with an organic-to-aqueous phase ratio of O/A = 0.5, 6 scrub stages (O/A = 1), 6 strip stages (O/A=1), 2 carbonate wash stages (O/A = 5), and 2 dilute acid rinse stages (O/A = 10). The scrub solution was 0.1 M NH4F in 0.7 M HNO3, while the strip solution was 0.04 M HEDPA in 0.01 M HNO3. Flooding and parcipitate formation were not observed during the flowsheet test. The results of the test indicated that greater than 96.39% of the 241Am and 98.71% of the stable Ce were removed in the extraction section and all of these components were effectively stripped by the HEDPA solution. Zirconium was successfully retained in the aqueous raffinate, with 99.99% of the stable Zr in the feed remaining in the raffinate, 0.003% existing in the strip product, and 0.006% exiting in the organic raffinate.« less
Synchronous Generator Vulnerability Assessment Against Solar and HEMP MHD-E3 GIC (2021)

The solar storm or a high-altitude nuclear detonation leads to geomagnetic disturbance (GMD) that causes the flow of geomagnetically induced current (GIC) in the power systems. The GIC leads to half-cycle saturation of generator step-up (GSU) transformers that causes negative-sequence currents to flow in the generator's stator windings. This in turn leads to excessive rotor vibration, heating and generation fluctuations, thus threatening the grid reliability and resiliency. This paper performs the vulnerability assessment of the most-widely utilized power generation resource i.e. synchronous generators against GIC by performing a detailed harmonic analysis and depicting the resultant mechanical, electrical and thermal repercussions. The simulation is performed in PSCAD/EMTDC for a 13.8kV/120MVA grid-tied synchronous hydro-generator impacted by a GMD. The simulation results highlight the significant threat facing the highly prevalent generation facilities that are largely unprotected against the adverse effects caused by the GMD on power systems.
Trust establishment in cooperative wireless networks (2010)

In cooperative wireless networks, relay nodes are used to improve the channel capacity of the system. However, the presence of malicious relays in the network may severely degrade the performance of the system. More specifically, there exists a possibility that a node refuses to cooperate when it is selected for cooperation or deliberately drop the received packets. Trust establishment is a mechanism to detect misbehaving nodes in a network. In this paper, we propose a trust establishment method for cooperative wireless networks using Bayesian framework. In contrast with previous schemes, this approach takes the channel state information and relay selection policy into account to derive a pure trust value for each relay node. The proposed method can be applied to any system with a general relay selection policy whose decisions in each cooperative transmission are independent of the previous ones. Moreover, it does not impose additional communication overhead on the system as it uses the available information in relay selection procedure.