gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ROOM TEMPERATURE TUNNELING CHARACTERISTICS OF ULTRA-SMALL NORMAL JUNCTIONS (1992)

Tunneling studies between a Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM)-controlled fine NbN tip and a NbN thin film show single electron tunneling characteristics at room temperature. The I-V curves display the Coulomb blockade and the Coulomb staircase caused by single electron charging of a series combination of two tunnel junctions. These room temperature observations indicate that it may be possible to operate single-electron-based devices in non-cryogenic regimes.
Estratégia cirúrgica na transposição das grandes artérias associada à obstrução do arco aórtico (2007)

The surgical treatment of transposition of the great arteries with aortic arch obstruction is complex with high morbidity. Our present choice is one-stage treatment for all patients without using homologous or heterologous tissue for aortic arch reconstruction. We recommend resection and extended anastomoses for localized coarctation and relocation of the ascending aorta for hypoplastic or interrupted aortic arch.
Gingipains, the Major Cysteine Proteinases and Virulence Factors of Porphyromonas gingivalis: Structure, Function and Assembly of Multidomain Protein Complexes (2003)

Gingipains, extracellular cysteine proteinases of Porphyromonas gingivalis, constitute the major virulence factor of this periodontopathogenic bacterium. They are the product of three genes, two coding for an Arg-specific (RgpA and RgpB) and one for a Lys-specific proteinase (Kgp). Proteinase domains of RgpA and RgpB are virtually identical; however, the gene encoding the former enzyme is missing a large segment coding for hemaglutinin / adhesin (HA) domains. The latter domains are present also in Kgp. The tertiary structure of RgpB revealed that the proteinase domain of gingipains has a protein fold referred to as the caspase-hemoglobinase fold. On this basis, they are also evolutionary related to other highly specific proteinases including clostripain, caspases, legumains and separase (clan CD of cysteine peptidases). Gingipains are produced as large preproproteins and are subject to elaborate, not yet fully understood, secretion, glycosylation, activation, and maturation processes. How they traverse the outer membrane is unknown, although it can be hypothesized that they use an autotransporter pathway. Apparently during transport through the periplasm the LPS-like glycan moiety is added at the conserved C-terminal portion of progingipains. At the cell surface pro-gingipains fold into partially active, single-chain zymogens and undergo autocatalytic, intermolecular processing. Two sequential cleavages within the profragment domain enhance zymogen activity and in the case of RgpA and Kgp are followed by excision of the individual HA domains. These domains are further truncated at the C-terminus by concerted action of Kgp and carboxypeptidase and form a non-covalent multidomain, multifunctional complex anchored into the outer membrane by the glycated, C-terminal HA domain. This hypothetical scenario is a reasonable explanation for the occurrence of many forms of gingipains.
Influence of Subsurface Layer on the Indentation Damage Behavior of YSZ Thermal Barrier Coating Layers Deposited by Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (2008)

The thermal barrier coating must withstand erosion when subjected to flowing gas and should also maintain good stability and mechanical properties while it must also protect the turbine component from high temperature, hot corrosion, creep, and oxidation during operation. In this study we investigated the influence of subsurface layer, Al₂O₃ or NiCrCoAlY bond coat layer, on the indentation damage behavior of YSZ thermal barrier coating layers deposited by electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). The bond coat is deposited using different process such as air plasma spray (APS) or spray of high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) and the thickness is varied. Hertzian indentation technique is used to induce micro damages on the coated layer. The stress-strain behaviors are characterized by results of the indentation tests.
Thermal imaging of metals in a Kolsky-bar apparatus (2003)

Since the modeling of machining processes relies on high-strain-rate, high-temperature material properties, NIST has built a split-Hopkinson (or Kolsky) bar to determine the stress-strain behavior of rapidly heated materials at high temperatures. Our Kolsky bar has been constructed in the NIST high current pulse-heating facility, which enables electrically heating the samples within ~ 100 milliseconds time duration, immediately before the mechanical impact in the bar. Due to the rapid heating, we avoid possible structural changes in the sample, and a stress-strain relationship can be determined at different temperatures for various test materials. We describe the design and the development of the resistively-heated Kolsky-bar apparatus. The incident and the transmitted bars are constructed of 1.5 m long, 15 mm diameter maraging steel, and a typical sample is a 4 mm-diameter, 2 mm-long cylinder of 1045 steel. The sample is placed between the bars and held by friction. The current is transmitted through the graphite-sleeve bushings of the two bars. The non-contact temperatures are measured using an InGaAs near-infrared micro-pyrometer (NIMPY) and an InSb focal-plane (320 by 256) array (thermal camera). The NIMPY and the thermal camera are both calibrated using a variable-temperature blackbody, and the thermodynamic temperature of the metal is determined using the emissivity determined from the measured infrared spectral reflectance of the metal. Thermal videos of the electrically-heated and the room-temperature impacts will be shown with 1 kHz frame rates, and the changes in the stress-strain curves with the temperature of the samples will be discussed.
Facile Synthesis of 2-(5-Isopropyl-5-methyl-4-oxo-2-imidazolin-2-yl)phenyl Phosphonates (1989)

4bstrsct--The s y n t h e s i s of 2-15-isopropyI-5-meths~l-4-oxo-Z-~midazoLine-2-y1)phenyl phosphon-ate5 (3-5) from henzoyl chloride i s described.The condensation between benzoyl chloride a n d 2-amino-2.3-dinlethplbutanamide1101 a f f o r d e d 5-isopropyl-5-methyl-4-0x0-2-imidazolin-2-71benzene (111.Lithiation of 11 with sec-hutyllithium, followed by reaction with diethpi chlorophosphate gave diethyl 2-15-isopropyl-5-methpl-4-0~0-2-imidazolin-2-l)phenylphosphate 13).Treatment of 3 with bromotrimethyleilane afforded 4 a n d 2-15-isopropyl-5-methyl-4-0x0-2-
Impact of galacto-oligosaccharides on the gut microbiota composition and metabolic activity upon antibiotic treatment during<i>in vitro</i>fermentation (2013)

Prebiotics are considered to have potential to reduce disturbances in the gut microbiota induced by antibiotics. Results in literature are, however, not consistent. The current in vitro study conducted in a fermentation screening platform allowed to unambiguously compare the impact of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) on adult gut microbiota composition and activity upon treatment with four antibiotics at two doses. The changes in relative abundance of bacteria upon antibiotic treatment and the growth of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus upon GOS addition were antibiotic and dose dependent. This conclusion explains discrepancies in literature and indicates that particular combinations of GOS antibiotic should be studied. The combination GOS-Amoxicillin was especially of interest as, after decrease in Bifidobacterium levels, a recovery of mainly Bifidobacterium longum was observed and could be correlated with specific degradation patterns of GOS. Next to different degradation profiles of individual GOS, an accumulation of monosaccharides and intermediate organic acids was observed in antibiotic-treated microbiota as compared to nontreated microbiota. This showed that although GOS were utilized and beneficial bacteria could grow in 3 of 4 antibiotics tested, the metabolic activity of an antibiotic-treated microbiota was still disturbed as compared to the nontreated microbiota.
A Three-Pulse Model of D.c. Side Harmonic Flow in HVDC Systems (1989)

This paper presents a new model for the analysis of d.c. side harmonic current flow in HVDC systems. In recent years field measurements of d.c. side harmonic currents and induced voltages on parallel test lines have indicated the presence of triplen order harmonics of high magnitude. Such harmonics are not predicted by a conventional analysis of d.c. harmonics. An increase in the level of characteristic 12-pulse harmonics above the calculated values has also been noted. The discrepancy between calculated and measured values of harmonic current is attributed to the omission from the classical model of the ground path formed by the various stray capacitances of the converter transformers, bushings, and buswork. The new model proposed by the authors includes this stray capacitance. As it is essential to model correctly the harmonic driving voltages between the converter terminals and the stray capacitances, each 12-pulse converter is represented in the new model as four three-pulse harmonic voltage sources connected in series, as shown in Figure 1. The paper derives the harmonic voltages for each threepulse source and justifies the representation of stray capacitances and the internal impedance of the converter. A detailed analysis is given of the flow of harmonic currents of both odd and even triplen orders, in balanced and unbalanced bipolar and monopolar operation.
Recent advances in material modification by strong fields: from poling to femtosecond laser writing (2009)

Recent progress in poling, femtosecond laser direct writing and related nanostructuring of glass is reviewed.
Tailoring the electrical properties of Ge/GaAs by film deposition rate and preparation of fully compensated Ge films (2011)

We investigate the electronic, optical, and structural properties of thin Ge/GaAs(100) films for a variety of growth rates. All of the films have a granular, single-crystal structure, but the electronic properties vary dramatically, with resistivity and carrier concentration changing by more than three orders of magnitude. For high deposition rates, the films are heavily doped and of $n$-type, with relatively high carrier concentration and low resistivity. The temperature dependence of the resistivity indicates metalliclike transport with degenerate charge carriers. For low deposition rates, the films are $p$-type, with lower carrier concentrations and higher resistivity whose temperature dependence indicates semiconducting, activation-type transport with an activation energy that can reach up to half of the Ge band gap. Such films are heavily doped and strongly (sometimes fully) compensated Ge. At moderate deposition rates, a metal--insulator transition occurs. The electrical properties of strongly compensated Ge films are analyzed in terms of the two-dimensional percolation of charge carriers through a fluctuating electrostatic potential.
Stereospecific synthesis of heteroatom-substituted olefins from .alpha.,.beta.-epoxysilanes. Preparation of vinyl bromides, enol acetates, enol ethers, and enamides (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereospecific synthesis of heteroatom-substituted olefins from .alpha.,.beta.-epoxysilanes. Preparation of vinyl bromides, enol acetates, enol ethers, and enamidesPaul F. Hudrlik, Anne M. Hudrlik, Robert J. Rona, Raj N. Misra, and Gregory P. WithersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 6, 1993–1996Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00448a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00448a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views430Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transient and Stationary Characteristics of Thermally Induced Ultrasonic Emission from Nanocrystalline Porous Silicon (2001)

Due to complete carrier depletion and strong phonon confinement effects, the thermal conductivity and the heat capacity per unit volume of nanocrystalline porous silicon (nc-PS) are extremely low in comparison to those of single-crystalline silicon (c-Si). Utilizing this great difference in the thermal property between nc-PS and c-Si, it is possible to fabricate an efficient ultrasonic emitter based on thermoacoustic conversion with no mechanical vibration. In this study, the fundamental characteristics of this new ultrasonic generator are investigated in terms of the dynamic behavior. It is shown that acoustic pressure with little harmonic distortion can be produced very quickly in response to the electrical input, and that due to flat frequency characteristics, the device emits an acoustic impulse signal. The stable acoustic emission at a constant pressure amplitude with low noise is observed for a long-time continuous operation under a fixed frequency. The technological significance of such performances is also discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Diverse Indole‐Containing Scaffolds by Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Tandem Reactions of 3‐Propargylindoles Initiated by 1,2‐Indole Migrations: Scope and Computational Studies. (2010)

Abstract Treatment of 3‐propargylindoles bearing phenyl substituents with Au catalysts allows a new access to biologically important indenylindoles.
0609 Sleep Phenotypes in Middle-Aged and Older Hispanics/Latinos. Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) (2020)

Abstract Introduction Identifying sleep phenotypes in the diverse and understudied US Hispanic/Latino population is critical to developing interventions and mitigating distal clinical outcomes (e.g. dementias). Methods Using latent class analyses (LCA), we identify empirically derived and clinically meaningful sleep phenotypes using data on community dwelling middle-aged/older adults (ages ≥45-years) from the HCHS/SOL (2008-2011) - Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (n=6,377). Sleep variables used included Apnea/Hypopnea Index (AHI), percent time SpO2&amp;lt;90%, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Women’s Health Initiative Insomnia Rating Scale (WHIIRS), self-reported average sleep duration, restless legs symptoms, napping frequency, and sleep quality. Results Mean (M) age was 56.4±8.1 years, and 54.7% were female. Average AHI, ESS, WHIIRS, and sleep duration were 8.7±13.1, 6.0±5.0, 7.6±5.5, and 7.8±1.4, respectively, and 25.8% had zero percent time SpO2 &amp;lt;90%. Fit statistics indicated that a four-class solution provided the best data fit. The derived classes, adjusting for age, sex, income, and acculturation, corresponded with four clinically meaningful groups: (1) 28.8% were asymptomatic [(M) AHI=0.8; (M) ESS=5.6; (M)WHIIRS=7.6; (M) sleep duration=7.8; 0% SpO2&amp;lt;90%=74.1%], (2) 25.7 % were asymptomatic mild sleep apnea [(M) AHI=6.2; (M) ESS=3.8; (M) WHIIRS=2.9; (M) sleep duration=7.8; 0% SpO2&amp;lt;90%=8.8%], (3) 19.4% were symptomatic sleep apnea [(M) AHI=25.6; (M) ESS=8.5; (M) WHIIRS=7.2; (M) sleep duration=7.7; 0% SpO2&amp;lt;90%= 0.5%], and (4) 26.1% were insomnia [(M) AHI=5.7; (M) ESS=6.7; (M) WHIIRS=13.0; (M) sleep duration=7.8; 0% SpO2&amp;lt;90%=10.3%]. Classification into groups 3 and 4 were primarily driven by elevated AHI and WHIIRS scores, respectively. The distribution of scores in the derived groups suggest variations relative to current clinical thresholds. Conclusion We identified 4-groups using LCA in a community-based sample of diverse U.S. Hispanic/Latino adults. Better characterization of sleep phenotypes for Hispanics/Latinos can help in developing targeted interventions studies and ameliorate health disparities. Support 5R01AG048642-05; R21AG056952; R21HL140437.
On the database/network interface in large-scale publish/subscribe systems (2006)

The work performed by a publish/subscribe system can conceptually be divided into subscription processing and notification dissemination. Traditionally, research in the database and networking communities has focused on these aspects in isolation. The interface between the database server and the network is often overlooked by previous research. At one extreme, database servers are directly responsible for notifying individual subscribers; at the other extreme, updates are injected directly into the network, and the network is solely responsible for processing subscriptions and forwarding notifications. These extremes are unsuitable for complex and stateful subscription queries. A primary goal of this paper is to explore the design space between the two extremes, and to devise solutions that incorporate both database-side and network-side considerations in order to reduce the communication and server load and maintain system scalability. Our techniques apply to a broad range of stateful query types, and we present solutions for several of them. Our detailed experiments based on real and synthetic workloads with varying characteristics and link-level network simulation show that by exploiting the query semantics and building an appropriate interface between the database and the network, it is possible to achieve orders-of-magnitude savings in network traffic at low server-side processing cost.
Board-Level Functional Fault Diagnosis Using Multikernel Support Vector Machines and Incremental Learning (2014)

Advanced machine learning techniques offer an unprecedented opportunity to increase the accuracy of board-level functional fault diagnosis and reduce product cost through successful repair. Ambiguous or incorrect diagnosis results lead to long debug times and even wrong repair actions, which significantly increase repair cost. We propose a smart diagnosis method based on multikernel support vector machines (MK-SVMs) and incremental learning. The MK-SVM method leverages a linear combination of single kernels to achieve accurate faulty-component classification based on the errors observed. The MK-SVMs thus generated can also be updated based on incremental learning, which allows the diagnosis system to quickly adapt to new error observations and provide even more accurate fault diagnosis. Two complex boards from industry, currently in volume production, are used to validate the proposed diagnosis approach in terms of diagnosis accuracy (success rate) and quantifiable improvements over previously proposed machine-learning methods based on several single-kernel SVMs and artificial neural networks.
Data from RAD51 Mediates Resistance of Cancer Stem Cells to PARP Inhibition in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Introduction:&lt;/b&gt; PARP inhibitors have shown promising results in early studies for treatment of breast cancer susceptibility gene (&lt;i&gt;BRCA&lt;/i&gt;)–deficient breast cancers; however, resistance ultimately develops. Furthermore, the benefit of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) remains unknown. Recent evidence indicates that in TNBCs, cells that display “cancer stem cell” properties are resistant to conventional treatments, mediate tumor metastasis, and contribute to recurrence. The sensitivity of breast cancer stem cells (CSC) to PARPi is unknown.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We determined the sensitivity of breast CSCs to PARP inhibition in &lt;i&gt;BRCA1&lt;/i&gt;-mutant and -wild-type TNBC cell lines and tumor xenografts. We also investigated the role of RAD51 in mediating CSC resistance to PARPi in these &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; models.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We demonstrated that the CSCs in &lt;i&gt;BRCA1&lt;/i&gt;-mutant TNBCs were resistant to PARP inhibition, and that these cells had both elevated RAD51 protein levels and activity. Downregulation of &lt;i&gt;RAD51&lt;/i&gt; by shRNA sensitized CSCs to PARP inhibition and reduced tumor growth. &lt;i&gt;BRCA1&lt;/i&gt;–wild-type cells were relatively resistant to PARP inhibition alone, but reduction of &lt;i&gt;RAD51&lt;/i&gt; sensitized both CSC and bulk cells in these tumors to PARPi treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Our data suggest that in both &lt;i&gt;BRCA1&lt;/i&gt;-mutant and &lt;i&gt;BRCA1&lt;/i&gt;–wild-type TNBCs, CSCs are relatively resistant to PARP inhibition. This resistance is mediated by RAD51, suggesting that strategies aimed at targeting RAD51 may increase the therapeutic efficacy of PARPi. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 23(2); 514–22. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
PLK1: a promising and previously unexplored target in double-hit lymphoma (2018)

Inhibitors that target specific kinases or oncoproteins have become popular additions to or replacements for cytotoxic chemotherapies to treat many different types of cancer. However, many tumors lack a discernable target kinase and an amplified oncoprotein and/or rely on several cooperating mechanisms for progression. Thus, combinations of targeted therapies are essential for treating many cancers to avoid the rapid emergence of resistance. In this issue of the JCI, Ren et al. use an elegant kinase activity-profiling method and identify activity of the oncogene polo-like kinase-1 (PLK1) as an important driver of double-hit lymphoma (DHL), an aggressive subgroup of B cell lymphoma characterized by chromosomal translocations involving c-MYC and BCL2 or BCL6. Moreover, PLK1 activity was associated with MYC expression and poor prognosis in DHL patients. PLK1 inhibition with volasertib, alone and in combination with the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax, was efficacious in multiple DHL models, including mice harboring DHL patient-derived xenografts. Together, these data support PLK1 as a promising prognostic marker and therapeutic target for DHL.
Earthsongs for Chorus and Orchestra (2009)

Commissioned by the Albuquerque Youth Symphony Program for an American music concert by the AYS and intergenerational civic choirs, conducted by Gabriel Gordon in UNM’s Popejoy Hall on January 30, 2010. Voicing/Instrumentation: Picc, 2222, 3431, 2 perc, timp, harp, SA children’s chorus, SATB adult chorus, strgs and 5 soloists: soprano, alto, tenor, bass, and boy soprano. Movement Titles: “My Words Are Tied in One,” “The Dance of the Sun,” “Our Mother the Earth,” “She Languishes,” “Exodus from Chaco,” “May All Creation Dance for You.” ASCAP Title Code: 880901278. Date Composed: 2009. Copyright: 2009 M Mauldin. Duration: 24:00. Score/Parts: M Mauldin (computer-engraved, available for sale/rental).
Predictability of a three-dimensional planning system for oral implant surgery (1999)

The 3D planning system is a reliable tool for pre-operative assessment of implant placement. Both 2D and 2D + 3D planning have a good predictability for the number and site of the implants but less so for anatomical complications. However, the 2D + 3D planning provides a better pre-operative assessment of implant size.