gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16189: 99mTc-duramycin Imaging Detects Cancer Therapy Related Cardiac Dysfunction Before a Decrease in Lvef (2016)

Background: Although the remission rate of cancer has increased, cardiotoxicity due to cancer therapy remains a major problem. Detection of cardiotoxicity prior to a decrease in left ventricular fu...
Fiber optic smart structures for aerospace applications (1992)

Fiber optic sensor and communication technology have importantadvantages that can be expected to have a significant impact on future aerospaceplatforms. This paper provides a brief overview of the motivation and direction offiber optic smart structures for aerospace applications.
A human skin ultrasonic imaging to analyse its mechanical properties (2009)

The analysis of the skin mechanical behaviour is a key-point for different field of investigation. As the skin is a complex structure, studies are usually based on inverse methods that compare experimental and finite element numerical results. Besides the considered behaviour law, one of the most important question concerns the geometrical aspects of the skin tissue. In this paper, it is shown how high frequency ultrasound imaging helps the calculation of skin mechanical parameters. The hypodermis influence is firstly discussed through elastographic analyses. A specific procedure to measure the dermis thickness is then proposed to highlight that such a measurement must be considered to draw reliable conclusions. The obtained results are finally discussed to point out the interest of such simplifications for the study of more complex behaviour laws.
Using Recurrent Neural Networks for Circuit Complexity Modeling (2006)

Being able to model the complexity of Boolean functions in terms of number of nodes in a binary decision diagram can be quite useful in VLSI/CAD applications. Our investigation showed that it is possible to use the recurrent neural network (RNN) models for the prediction of circuit complexity. The modeling results matched closely with simulations with an average error of less than 1 %. The correlation coefficient between RNN's predictions and actual results for ISCAS benchmark circuits was 0.629.
High-harmonic and single attosecond pulse generation using plasmonic field enhancement in ordered arrays of gold nanoparticles with chirped laser pulses (2013)

Coherent XUV sources, which may operate at MHz repetition rate, could find applications in high-precision spectroscopy and for spatio-time-resolved measurements of collective electron dynamics on nanostructured surfaces. We theoretically investigate utilizing the enhanced plasmonic fields in an ordered array of gold nanoparticles for the generation of high-harmonic, extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) radiation. By optimization of the chirp of ultrashort laser pulses incident on the array, our simulations indicate a potential route towards the temporal shaping of the plasmonic near-field and, in turn, the generation of single attosecond pulses. The inherent effects of inhomogeneity of the local fields on the high-harmonic generation are analyzed and discussed. While taking the inhomogeneity into account does not affect the optimal chirp for the generation of a single attosecond pulse, the cut-off energy of the high-harmonic spectrum is enhanced by about a factor of two.
Microwave conductivity measurements of a graphene monolayer over D-band (2018)

Polyethylene teraphthalate (PET). Multiple reflections due to substrate-air interface and horn antenna(s) were eliminated using a time gated Fourier transformed pulse excitation. The graphene film on PET substrate increased the reflection (S <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</inf> ) by 3–4dB over the entire frequency range, and the transmission coefficient (S <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">21</inf> ) decreased by 1–2dB. The surface conductivity σ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</inf> ≈ 0.003–0.005 S/sq. was calculated from measured scattering parameters using Liang's formula. The result was comparable to its theoretically predicted values (Kubo's formula) over the frequency band of interest.
Migraine Treatment With Rizatriptan and Non‐Triptan Usual Care Medications: A Pharmacy‐Based Study (2004)

Rizatriptan was significantly more effective than non-triptans in the relief of migraine headaches for patients obtaining prescribed migraine medications from a retail pharmacy. Additional studies at other usual care settings may be needed to confirm the findings.
Sonication-Assisted Synthesis of Large, High-Quality Mercury Thiolate Single Crystals Directly from Liquid Mercury (2010)

The synthetic formation of mercury thiolates has been known for almost 200 years. These compounds are usually formed by a slow reaction of mercury salts with thiolates or disulfides to produce small (up to 1 μm), plate-like crystals of Hg(S-R)(2). Herein we show that such mercury thiolates can be formed directly from liquid mercury via sonication with neat thiols. The process not only produces crystals very rapidly (within seconds) but also leads to the formation of large crystals (up to hundreds of micrometers). The high quality of these crystals enabled their detailed structural characterization, which showed that the crystals are composed of ordered Hg(thiol)(2) stacks. We extended the experimental procedure to form and characterize a range of Hg thiolate crystals with various chain lengths. We propose a new self-assembly mechanism that can explain how sonication--which is usually used to break chemical bonds, to disperse materials, and to form nanosized crystallites--may lead to the growth of large, high-quality crystals.
Multiple capacity single vehicle job scheduling for AGVs (1994)

Although job scheduling for automated guided vehicle (AGV) systems has hardly been investigated, it is a very important problem as it is highly decisive for the performance of such a system. Current solutions focus on the simple case of vehicles loading only one unit at a time. However the introduction of multiple capacity vehicles increases the need for more general solutions. A heuristic optimisation criterion for the problem of a multiple capacity vehicle is proposed, an appropriate algorithm presented and illustrated, and an idea of further research in this field is given.
Design and Characterization of a Novel Fermented Beverage from Lentil Grains (2020)

The experimental activities carried out in this study aimed at designing a lentil-based beverage rich in soluble and digestible proteins. In order to extract soluble proteins, lentil grains were soaked in water overnight, blended, treated with proteolytic enzymes and fermented with <i>Lactobacillus</i> strains. Protein enzymatic hydrolysis, carried out with four commercial food grade enzyme preparations, showed that bromelin, at the enzyme to substrate ratio of 10%, was the best solution to produce this novel beverage. Even though the seven <i>Lactobacillus</i> strains were all able to ferment aqueous extract within 24 h, <i>L. acidophilus</i> ATCC 4356, <i>L. fermentum</i> DSM 20052 and <i>L. paracasei</i> subsp. <i>paracasei</i> DSM 20312 showed the highest growth rate and the lowest pH values. In fermented lentil-based beverages, the antinutritional factor phytic acid decreased up to 30%, similarly, the highest reduction in raffinose oligosaccharides content reached about 12% the initial concentration. It is worthy of note that the viable density of all strains remained higher than 7 log cfu/mL after 28 days of cold storage. The results here reported show for the first time the possibility to obtain a probiotic lentil-based beverage rich in soluble proteins, peptides and amino acids with low content in main antinutritional factors.
L-681,572-a new antifungal agent. Isolation, characterization, and biological activity. (1989)

Produit par une souche de Fusarium, cet antifongique ne semble pas adapte au traitement de mycoses chez l'homme ou l'animal. Par contre, il possede une forte activite contre des champignons phytopathogenes ou contaminants de produits stockes
Transplantation osteochondraler Zylinder am Talus (2000)

Speziell am Talus ist bei osteochondralen Läsionen wie der Osteochondrosis dissecans (OD) oder posttraumatischen Defekten nach wie vor die geeignete chirurgische Therapieform umstritten. Gerade für späte Stadien der OD sind die herkömmlichen Verfahren wie Debridement oder Anbohrung nicht mehr erfolgsversprechend [5, 8] und die Transplantation von auto-logen Knorpel-Knochenzylindern ist derzeit sicher mehr als nur eine Alternative. Die osteo-chondrale Zylindertransplantation bietet im Vergleich zu Techniken wie Mikrofrakturierung, Anbohren oder Abrasionsarthroplastik, bei denen sich allenfalls faserknorpeliges Regeneratgewebe bildet und die Symptomatik in der Regel nur temporär verbessert werden kann, die Möglichkeit, „vollwertigen“ hyalinen Gelenkknorpel an die Stelle des Defektes zu bringen. Ziel dieser Technik ist die Verwendung von Knochenknorpelzylindern aus gering belasteten Knorpelzonen des Kniegelenks für die Transplantation in Defekte der Belastungszonen. Obwohl diese Technik ursprünglich für die Behandlung von fokalen Knorpeldefekten im Bereich der Femurkondylen entwickelt wurde, wird sie mittlerweile auch an der Patella und an anderen Gelenken wie dem oberen Sprunggelenk (Talus), dem Ellenbogen und der Schulter eingesetzt [2, 6, 8, 10, 14]. Seit 1996 haben wir Erfahrung mit dieser operativen Technik an über 130 Patienten an verschiedenen Gelenken (Knie n=99, Talus-OSG n=32, Schulter und Ellbogen). Die Ergebnisse am Talus mit einem follow-up von mehr als 6 Monaten sind im Orthopäden 2000 publiziert und zeigen alle eine Verbesserung der klinischen Symptomatik.
Consensus statement on concussion in sport—the 5<sup>th</sup> international conference on concussion in sport held in Berlin, October 2016 (2017)

The 2017 Concussion in Sport Group (CISG) consensus statement is designed to build on the principles outlined in the previous statements This document is developed for physicians and healthcare providers who are involved in athlete care, whether at a recreational, elite or professional level. While agreement exists on the principal messages conveyed by this document, the authors acknowledge that the science of SRC is evolving and therefore individual management and return-to-play decisions remain in the realm of clinical judgement.
Native CGRP Neuropeptide and Its Stable Analogue SAX, But Not CGRP Peptide Fragments, Inhibit Mucosal HIV-1 Transmission (2021)

Our results show that CGRP receptor activation by full-length CGRP or SAX is required for efficient inhibition of LCs-mediated mucosal HIV-1 transmission. These findings suggest that formulations containing CGRP, SAX and/or their optimized agonists/analogues could be harnessed for HIV-1 prevention.
Spain (2000)

Abstract The purpose of this chapter is to examine the national co-ordination of European Union (EU) policy in Spain. It concentrates on the processes that take place in Madrid, and using a threefold categorization, examines the mechanisms used by central government in its dealings with the other main actors involved in the process. The first set of relationships are horizontal, and relate to non-governmental actors, including the Parliament, political parties, and interest groups; the second set are vertical, or more precisely intergovernmental, and concern relations between the centre and the periphery under the surveillance of the Constitutional Court; the third set are internal, and relate to intragovernmental co-ordination within the central administration and the core executive. These three sets of relationships are examined in the three main sections of the chapter. It is argued that Spain’s politico-constitutional uniqueness has been retained, and even reinforced within the EU, and that the Spanish case appears to challenge the assumption that Europeanization is hollowing out the state, since the Spanish state, here identified with its central government, has been strengthened since accession.
Towards Practical Explainability with Cluster Descriptors (2022)

With the rapid development of machine learning, improving its explainability has become a crucial research goal. We study the problem of making the clusters more explainable by investigating the cluster descriptors. Given a set of objects <tex>$S$</tex>, a clustering of these objects <tex>$\pi$</tex>, and a set of tags <tex>$T$</tex> that have not participated in the clustering algorithm. Each object in <tex>$S$</tex> is associated with a subset of <tex>$T$</tex>. The goal is to find a representative set of tags for each cluster, referred to as the cluster descriptors, with the constraint that these descriptors we find are pairwise disjoint, and the total size of all the descriptors is minimized. In general, this problem is NP-hard. We propose a novel explainability model that reinforces the previous models in such a way that tags that do not contribute to explainability and do not sufficiently distinguish between clusters are not added to the optimal descriptors. The proposed model is formulated as a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization problem which makes it suitable for solving on modern optimization hardware accelerators. We experimentally demonstrate how a proposed explainability model can be solved on specialized hardware for accelerating combinatorial optimization, the Fujitsu Digital Annealer, and use real-life Twitter and PubMed datasets for use cases. Reproducibility materials: Link
Microbial-driven preterm labour involves crosstalk between the innate and adaptive immune response (2022)

There has been a surge in studies implicating a role of vaginal microbiota in spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB), but most are associative without mechanistic insight. Here we show a comprehensive approach to understand the causative factors of preterm birth, based on the integration of longitudinal vaginal microbiota and cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) immunophenotype data collected from 133 women at high-risk of sPTB. We show that vaginal depletion of Lactobacillus species and high bacterial diversity leads to increased mannose binding lectin (MBL), IgM, IgG, C3b, C5, IL-8, IL-6 and IL-1β and to increased risk of sPTB. Cervical shortening, which often precedes preterm birth, is associated with Lactobacillus iners and elevated levels of IgM, C3b, C5, C5a and IL-6. These data demonstrate a role for the complement system in microbial-driven sPTB and provide a scientific rationale for the development of live biotherapeutics and complement therapeutics to prevent sPTB.
North Slope Hydrate Fieldtrial: CO2/CH4 Exchange (2012)

Abstract CO2/CH4 exchange in a sandstone-hosted methane hydratereservoir was executed in the field, following several years of laboratoryexperimentation. Reservoir simulation and laboratory data informedfieldtrial design, including use of a cell-to-cell model that included correctliquid/vapor/hydrate phase behavior of methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, andwater. Most concepts for producing methane from hydrate deposits rely ondepressurization, heating, or chemical melting. These techniques resultin dissociation of hydrate into its water and gas constituents. Effectiveexchange of CO2 for CH4 in the crystalline hydratelattice, without dissociation, was long deemed an improbable recovery strategybecause experimental results on bulk hydrate samples indicated very slowreaction kinetics. Recent laboratory tests documented enhanced exchangekinetics and efficiency, attributed to the increased surface area present inporous media. A series of laboratory tests ranging from simple gas-richsystems to more complex gas-deficient / water-rich systems guided the design ofa field test program. Ignik Sikumi #1 was drilled in 2011 on the AlaskaNorth Slope, designed specifically for testing CO2/CH4exchange in hydrate-bearing sandstones. Ignik Sikumi #1 was drilled vertically with chilled oil-based mud to a depthof 2600ft. Four hydrate-bearing sandstones were encountered, andpetrophysical evaluation indicated the Sagavanirktok " C Sand" hosted thehighest hydrate saturations. These sandstones occur in the subsurface atreservoir conditions similar to temperatures and pressure conditions of labtests. Reservoir modeling with conventional simulators and in-housecell-to-cell models guided both equipment design and test parameters. Anticipated low injection rates and cryogenic injectant required the design ofspecialized pumping equipment. Operations at Ignik Sikumi #1 re-commencedin December 2011. Following perforation, over 200,000 scf of mixedCO2/N2 gas was injected. A short unassisted flowperiod was followed by extended production testing via jet pumping. Results from the production test will be shown. CO2/CH4 exchange is a novel approach to recovermethane from sandstone-hosted hydrates. Field trial has validatedlaboratory results and reservoir simulations, and has proven thatCO2 can be injected into naturally occurring sandstone-hostedhydrates. Subsequent flowback/drawdown testing produced injectants(nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and tracer gases) methane, water, and very finesand.
New Class of Non-Corrosive, Non-Nucleophilic and Highly Efficient Electrolytes for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries (2017)

It will be shown that fluorinated alkoxyborates based magnesium electrolytes are weakly coordinated systems, which exhibit a high anodic stability (4.3 V vs. Mg), high ionic conductivity (7 mS/cm) and high Coulombic efficiency (&gt;99%) of reversible magnesium deposition. Owing to the non-corrosive, chemically stable nature and the robust, economic synthesis in one step from commercially available materials, this design concept of new, weakly coordinated ion conducting salts opens a promising avenue towards the realization of high-energy magnesium batteries. Synthesis, chemical and structural analysis and electrochemical properties will be presented, as well as its application to Mg-S batteries, where it shows superior performance.
[Characteristics of 2F2-F1 distorsion products in adults with normal hearing]. (1996)

Acoustic distorsion products (ADP) are otoemissions which the cochlea emits in response to stimulation by two pure frequencies, f1 and f2. ADP 2f1-f2 has been widely studied, however little work has been reported on ADP 2f2-f1. We performed a study in 34 adults with normal hearing to determine the normal values (incidence and amplitude) of ADP and compared them with the ADP 2f1-f2. Two f2/f1 ratios were used (1.22 and 1.12). Different behaviors were observed between the two types of ADP. These results suggest that the mechanisms generating the two ADP are different and that, consequently, ADP 2f2-f1 should have clinical implications different than ADP 2f1-f2.
A Pilot Plant Scale Reactor/Separator for Ethanol from Cellulosics. ERIP/DOE Quarterly Reports 5 and 6, October 1, 1998 through March 30, 1999 (1999)

The objective of this project was to develop and demonstrate a continuous low energy process for the conversion of cellulosics to ethanol. BPI's process involves a proprietary low temperature pretreatment step which allows recycle of the pretreatment chemicals and recovery of a lignin stream. The pretreated biomass is then converted to glucans and xylans enzymatically and these sugars simultaneously fermented to ethanol (SSF) in BPI's Continuous Stirred Reactor Separator (CSRS). The CSRS is a multi stage bio-reactor where the glucans are first converted to ethanol using a high temperature tolerant yeast, followed by xylan SSF on the lower stages using a second xylose fermenting yeast strain. Ethanol is simultaneously removed from the bio-reactor stages, speeding the fermentation, and allowing the complete utilization of the biomass.
A Plasmonic Gold Nanostar Theranostic Probe for <i>In Vivo</i> Tumor Imaging and Photothermal Therapy (2015)

Nanomedicine has attracted increasing attention in recent years, because it offers great promise to provide personalized diagnostics and therapy with improved treatment efficacy and specificity. In this study, we developed a gold nanostar (GNS) probe for multi-modality theranostics including surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection, x-ray computed tomography (CT), two-photon luminescence (TPL) imaging, and photothermal therapy (PTT). We performed radiolabeling, as well as CT and optical imaging, to investigate the GNS probe's biodistribution and intratumoral uptake at both macroscopic and microscopic scales. We also characterized the performance of the GNS nanoprobe for in vitro photothermal heating and in vivo photothermal ablation of primary sarcomas in mice. The results showed that 30-nm GNS have higher tumor uptake, as well as deeper penetration into tumor interstitial space compared to 60-nm GNS. In addition, we found that a higher injection dose of GNS can increase the percentage of tumor uptake. We also demonstrated the GNS probe's superior photothermal conversion efficiency with a highly concentrated heating effect due to a tip-enhanced plasmonic effect. In vivo photothermal therapy with a near-infrared (NIR) laser under the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) led to ablation of aggressive tumors containing GNS, but had no effect in the absence of GNS. This multifunctional GNS probe has the potential to be used for in vivo biosensing, preoperative CT imaging, intraoperative detection with optical methods (SERS and TPL), as well as image-guided photothermal therapy.
Hydraulically actuated micro-contact printing engines (2011)

Micro-contact printing (μCP) is a rapid, simple and well-established method of microscale biochemical patterning. However, there is a lack of inexpensive and accessible tools for accurately controlling contact during the printing process. In this paper, controlled μCP using hydraulic actuation is demonstrated. Complete printing systems, including a substrate placed at a calibrated height above an elastic stamp attached to a hydraulic chuck, are constructed and characterized. The chucks are made from Perspex using precision machining while the stamp is made by casting against microfabricated silicon masters. The total patterned area is ~25 mm2 and 10 µm wide features have been printed.
Reduced sensitivity of infectious SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.617.2 to monoclonal antibodies and sera from convalescent and vaccinated individuals (2021)

Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 lineage emerged in October 2020 in India 1–6 . It has since then become dominant in some indian regions and further spread to many countries. The lineage includes three main subtypes (B1.617.1, B.1617.2 and B.1.617.3), which harbour diverse Spike mutations in the N-terminal domain (NTD) and the receptor binding domain (RBD) which may increase their immune evasion potential. B.1.617.2 is believed to spread faster than the other versions. Here, we isolated infectious B.1.617.2 from a traveller returning from India. We examined its sensitivity to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and to antibodies present in sera from COVID-19 convalescent individuals or vaccine recipients, in comparison to other viral lineages. B.1.617.2 was resistant to neutralization by some anti-NTD and anti-RBD mAbs, including Bamlanivimab, which were impaired in binding to the B.1.617.2 Spike. Sera from convalescent patients collected up to 12 months post symptoms and from Pfizer Comirnaty vaccine recipients were 3 to 6 fold less potent against B.1.617.2, relative to B.1.1.7. Sera from individuals having received one dose of AstraZeneca Vaxzevria barely inhibited B.1.617.2. Thus, B.1.617.2 spread is associated with an escape to antibodies targeting non-RBD and RBD Spike epitopes.