gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THz Instruments for Space (2007)

Terahertz technology has been driven largely by applications in astronomy and space science. For more than three decades cosmochemists, molecular spectroscopists, astrophysicists, and Earth and planetary scientists have used submillimeter-wave or terahertz sensors to identify, catalog and map lightweight gases, atoms and molecules in Earth and planetary atmospheres, in regions of interstellar dust and star formation, and in new and old galaxies, back to the earliest days of the universe, from both ground based and more recently, orbital platforms. The past ten years have witnessed the launch and successful deployment of three satellite instruments with spectral line heterodyne receivers above 300 GHz (SWAS, Odin, and MIRO) and a fourth platform, Aura MLS, that reaches to 2520 GHz, crossing the terahertz threshold from the microwave side for the first time. The former Soviet Union launched the first bolometric detectors for the submillimeter way back in 1974 and operated the first space based submillimeter wave telescope on the Salyut 6 station for four months in 1978. In addition, continuum, Fourier transform and spectrophotometer instruments on IRAS, ISO, COBE, the recent Spitzer Space Telescope and Japan's Akari satellite have all encroached into the submillimeter from the infrared using direct detection bolometers or photoconductors. At least two more major satellites carrying submillimeter wave instruments are nearing completion, Herschel and Planck, and many more are on the drawing boards in international and national space organizations such as NASA, ESA, DLR, CNES, and JAXA. This paper reviews some of the programs that have been proposed, completed and are still envisioned for space applications in the submillimeter and terahertz spectral range.
Publicly Verifiable Private Aggregation of Time-Series Data (2015)

Aggregation of time-series data offers the possibility to learn certain statistics over data periodically uploaded by different sources. In case of privacy sensitive data, it is desired to hide every data provider's individual values from the other participants (including the data aggregator). Existing privacy preserving time-series data aggregation schemes focus on the sum as aggregation means, since it is the most essential statistics used in many applications such as smart metering, participatory sensing, or appointment scheduling. However, all existing schemes have an important drawback: they do not provide verifiable outputs, thus users have to trust the data aggregator that it does not output fake values. We propose a publicly verifiable data aggregation scheme for privacy preserving time-series data summation. We prove its security and verifiability under the XDH assumption and a widely used, strong variant of the Co-CDH assumption. Moreover, our scheme offers low computation complexity on the users' side, which is essential in many applications.
MRI of the Knee Ligaments and Menisci: Comparison of Isotropic-Resolution 3D and Conventional 2D Fast Spin-Echo Sequences at 3 T (2011)

In evaluation of menisci with 3-T MRI, readers performed better with conventional 2D acquisition than with SPACE 3D acquisition. In evaluation of ligaments, the readers had similar performance with the two acquisition methods.
Monitoring of CoS <sub>2</sub> reactions using high-temperature XRD coupled with gas chromatography (GC) (2016)

High-temperature X-ray diffraction with concurrent gas chromatography (GC) was used to study cobalt disulfide cathode pellets disassembled from thermal batteries. When CoS 2 cathode materials were analyzed in an air environment, oxidation of the K(Br, Cl) salt phase in the cathode led to the formation of K 2 SO 4 that subsequently reacted with the pyrite-type CoS 2 phase leading to cathode decomposition between ~260 and 450 °C. Independent thermal analysis experiments, i.e. simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry/mass spectrometry (MS), augmented the diffraction results and support the overall picture of CoS 2 decomposition. Both gas analysis measurements (i.e. GC and MS) from the independent experiments confirmed the formation of SO 2 off-gas species during breakdown of the CoS 2 . In contrast, characterization of the same cathode material under inert conditions showed the presence of CoS 2 throughout the entire temperature range of analysis.
Corrigendum to ?A new treatment for atrial fibrillation based on spectral analysis to guide the catheter RF ablation? [Europace 2004;6:590?601] (2005)

The authors regret that in the above article there was an error in Fig. 7. The correct figure and caption are given.



 Figure 7 
Paroxysmal AF mechanism based on the “electrical resonant” properties of the “AF Nests”. Simultaneous recordings from the same patient during AF. A: distal coronary sinus (compact myocardium); B: AF Nest in the left atrial roof (fibrillar myocardium); C: AF Nest in the left atrium interatial septum (fibrillar …
On the Comparison of Optimal NOMA and OMA in a Paradigm Shift of Emerging Technologies (2022)

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a better multiple access technique than orthogonal multiple access (OMA), precisely orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) scheme, at the conceptual level for fifth-generation (5G) networks and beyond 5G (B5G) networks. We investigate the potentials of the schemes by comparing the proposed NOMA scheme with the traditional cooperative communication NOMA (CCNOMA) scheme, rather than the comparison between NOMA and OMA only. To probe the effectiveness of NOMA as a multiple access technique, we propose a novel NOMA scheme considering two adjacent BSs with a special design of the transceiver architecture. The proposed scheme provides a reasonable data rate to both near user (NU) and far user (FU) without compromising the quality of service (QoS) to anyone of them. The conclusive analyses on the optimization framework of multi-user sum rate, capacity, transmit power, spectral efficiency (SE), and energy efficiency (EE) trade-off for NOMA and OFDMA schemes have been established to a succession of derivations. Under the analytical optimization framework, we also prove quite a few properties for them. Simulation results confirm the theoretical findings and show that the two schemes can efficiently approach the optimal power allocation, minimization of power consumption, and optimal SE-EE trade-off, and the proposed NOMA scheme provides comparatively better data sum rates than the baseline OMA scheme.
Mechanism for N<sub>2</sub>O formation from NO at ambient temperature (2003)

Abstract N 2 O was reported to form in sample containers of flue gases containing NO and SO 2 . This could have significant implications for the evaluation of N 2 O buildup in the atmosphere. Existing models are based either on liquid‐phase reactions, which cannot account for N 2 O formation at low humidity, or on termolecular reactions, which are not likely to occur at low concentrations. In this work, we propose mechanisms for N 2 O formation based on gas‐phase reactions, which address the effect of SO 2 , O 2 , and moisture. Analytical expressions of the formation rate were derived and compared to reported rates, and rate constants were estimated for limiting cases. The current analyses suggest that N 2 O 2 could be an important precursor for N 2 O formation from NO, and the mechanism may be important for N 2 O formation in power‐plant plumes.
Assessing Reliability of Myocardial Blood Flow After Motion Correction With Dynamic PET Using a Bayesian Framework (2018)

The estimation of myocardial blood flow (MBF) in dynamic PET can be biased by many different processes. A major source of error, particularly in clinical applications, is patient motion. Patient motion, or gross motion, creates displacements between different PET frames as well as between the PET frames and the CT-derived attenuation map, leading to errors in MBF calculation from voxel time series. Motion correction techniques are challenging to evaluate quantitatively and the impact on MBF reliability is not fully understood. Most metrics, such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), are characteristic of static images, and are not specific to motion correction in dynamic data. This study presents a new approach of estimating motion correction quality in dynamic cardiac PET imaging. It relies on calculating a MBF surrogate, K<sub>1</sub> , along with the uncertainty on the parameter. This technique exploits a Bayesian framework, representing the kinetic parameters as a probability distribution, from which the uncertainty measures can be extracted. If the uncertainty extracted is high, the parameter studied is considered to have high variability - or low confidence - and vice versa. The robustness of the framework is evaluated on simulated time activity curves to ensure that the uncertainties are consistently estimated at the multiple levels of noise. Our framework is applied on 40 patient datasets, divided in 4 motion magnitude categories. Experienced observers manually realigned clinical datasets with 3D translations to correct for motion. K<sub>1</sub> uncertainties were compared before and after correction. A reduction of uncertainty after motion correction of up to 60% demonstrates the benefit of motion correction in dynamic PET and as well as provides evidence of the usefulness of the new method presented.
Incorporation of monoclonal antibodies into cells by osmotic permeabilization (1989)

Incorporation of asparagine synthetase-specific monoclonal antibodies into L5178Y D10/R (L-asparaginase-resistant) murine lymphoma cells by osmotic lysis of pinocytic vesicles was used to evaluate the potential of the technique for macromolecular incorporation for metabolic studies. Nonspecific effects of the incorporation procedure included temporary inhibition of protein and DNA synthesis by 80-85% and a transitory loss of membrane integrity. Cells incorporated with an antibody inhibitory to tumor cell asparagine synthetase showed increased dependence upon an exogenous source of asparagine in the culture medium, while cells incorporated with a control antibody were not affected. These studies demonstrated that incorporation of inhibitory monoclonal antibodies into cells can be used to study the short term metabolic role of specific enzymes; however, the metabolic effects induced by the specific macromolecule must be evaluated within the context of the nonspecific effects caused by the osmotic treatment required for incorporation.
High-Risk Neuroblastoma Treated With Tandem Autologous Peripheral-Blood Stem Cell–Supported Transplantation: Long-Term Survival Update (2006)

High-dose therapy with tandem autologous stem-cell rescue is effective for treating high-risk neuroblastoma, with encouraging long-term survival. CNS relapse and secondary malignancies are rare after this therapy.
A non-instrusive, wavelet-based approach to detecting network performance problems (2001)

The main objective of this paper is to explore how much information about the characteristics of end-to-end network paths can be inferred from relying solely on passive packet-level traces of existing traffic collected from a single tap point in the network. To this end, we show that a number of structural properties of aggregate TCP/IP packet traces reveal themselves and can be compared across different time periods and across paths of the traffic destined to different subnets by exploiting the built-in scale-localization ability of wavelets. In turn, these structural properties and the resulting comparisons suggest the feasibility of new approaches for inferring and detecting qualitative aspects of network performance in a fashion that is similar to relying on active measurements, but without disturbing or biasing the metrics of interest. To showcase the feasibility, we developed WIND, a prototype tool for Wavelet-based INference for Detecting network performance problems and illustrate its capabilities to detect anomalies in underlying network path conditions with two examples of passively measured packet traces from two different networking environments. We address and experiment with ways of validating the output of WIND and end with a discussion of the potential of full-fledged wavelet-based analysis (i.e., the ability to localize a signal in scale and time) for future measurement studies.
Selective induction of G2/M arrest and apoptosis in HL-60 by a potent anticancer agent, HMJ-38. (2004)

We previously reported that HMJ-38 was the most potent 2-phenyl-4-quinozolinone derivative in inhibiting tubulin polymerization and showed significant cytotoxicity against several human tumor cell lines. In this work, we studied its cytotoxic effect on HL-60 leukemia cells and the underlying mechanisms. We first investigated the effects of HMJ-38 on viability, cell cycle and induction of apoptosis in HL-60 and normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). After 24-hour treatment with HMJ-38, a dose- and time-dependent decrease in the viability of HL-60 cells was observed and the approximate IC50 was 4.48 microM. The cytotoxic effect of HMJ-38 on PBMC was less significant than that on HL-60 cells, either with 24 or 48 hours of treatment. Cell cycle analysis showed that HMJ-38 induced significant G2/M arrest and apoptosis in HL-60 cells. The HMJ-38-induced G2/M arrest occurred before the onset of apoptosis. Within 24 hours of treatment, HMJ-38 influenced the CDK/cyclin B activity by increasing Chk1, Wee1 and p21 and decreasing Cdc25C protein levels. The HMJ-38-induced apoptosis was further confirmed by morphological assessment and DNA fragmentation assay. Induction of apoptosis in HMJ-38-treated HL-60 cells was accompanied by an apparent increase of cytosolic cytochrome c, down-regulation of Bcl-2, up-regulation of Bax and cleavage of pro-caspase-9, -3 and poly(ADP)ribosylpolymerase (PARP). The results of the significant reduction of caspase activities and apoptosis by caspase inhibitors indicated that the HMJ-38-induced apoptosis was mainly mediated by activation of caspases-9 and -3. HMJ-38 also activated ERK in HL-60 cells. Pre-incubating cells with ERK inhibitors (U0126 and PD98059) attenuated the HMJ-38-induced ERK activation and apoptosis. Nevertheless, cells remained arrested in G2/M. These results suggest that HMJ-38 is a potent anticancer drug and it shows a remarkable action on cell cycle before commitment for apoptosis is reached.
Current strategies with eptifibatide and other antiplatelet agents in percutaneous coronary intervention and acute coronary syndromes (2005)

Antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapies are essential for the prevention of thromboembolic-induced myocardial ischaemia in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes and the ischaemic complications of percutaneous coronary intervention. Although heparin, direct thrombin inhibitors and oral platelet activation inhibitors provide substantial benefit, only glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa inhibitors block the final common pathway leading to platelet aggregation, and the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines recommend GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors as an integral component of care in these patients. Abciximab, eptifibatide and tirofiban all act through the GP IIb/IIIa receptor; however, variations in clinical outcomes among patients receiving these agents may be related to their structural and pharmacological differences, as well as to patient demographics. Data indicate that eptifibatide, at the current recommended dosing schedule, achieves the highest level of consistent platelet inhibition compared with current doses of abciximab and tirofiban.
Iam hiQ—a novel pair of accuracy indices for imputed genotypes (2022)

We recommend using Iam hiQ additional to other accuracy scores for variant filtering before stepping into the analysis of imputed GWAS data.
Design and experimentation with low-power morphable multipliers (2011)

Reconfigurable computing is a cost-effective alternative to technology shrinking in order to achieve higher performance in digital design, especially considering run time reconfiguration. Research in the field consists of new reconfig-urable architectures, either coarse-grain or fine-grain, and new methodologies to map applications onto them. A special case of coarse-grain reconfigurable components are morphable multipliers, which use multiplexers to feed different inputs and form different connection schemes within the datapath of conventional multipliers. These connection schemes form different components that can be utilized when the initial multiplier is idle. Morphable components offer performance improvements but the use of extra multiplexers impose power overheads. This paper applies two low-power design techniques, power gating and multi V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> components, for the design of low-power morphable multipliers. Experimentation with these multipliers show that they can offer performance, area and power improvements compared to other alternative architectures, making them valuable building blocks for hardware synthesis.
Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma with sequential development of nodal marginal zone lymphoma in a patient with selective immunoglobulin A deficiency (2013)

Multiple lymphoma subtypes occurring within one patient is rare in the context of B-cell lymphoma, and only few such cases have been reported in association with primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma (PCMZL). We herein describe the case of a 43-year-old patient who was diagnosed with PCMZL and subsequently developed a clonally unrelated nodal marginal zone lymphoma (MZL). At the time of diagnosis of PCMZL, multiple skin lesions were present. The atypical lymphoid infiltrate showed monotypic expression of immunoglobulin light chain lambda and heavy chain (IgM) on immunohistochemistry and an identical B-cell clone. No sign of systemic lymphoma was present in staging examinations. Complete remission was achieved utilizing rituximab. After a 3-year clinical course of repetitive cutaneous relapses and remissions, the patient additionally developed nodal lymphoma involvement by MZL which, however, harbored an immunophenotype and a genetic clone distinct from the cutaneous lymphoma counterpart. Therefore, the rare occurrence of two different types of MZL with sequential evolution was diagnosed. In this uncommon case, we hypothesize that selective immunoglobulin A deficiency may play a promoting role for the metachronous development of the two MZL that occurred in our patient.
A new apparatus of infrared videopupillography for monitoring pupil size (2013)

Glaucoma was diagnosed or tracked by the intraocular pressure (IOP) generally because it is one of the physiology parameters that are associated with glaucoma. But measurement of IOP is not easy and consistence under different measure conditions. An infrared videopupillography is apparatus to monitor the pupil size in an attempt to bypass the direct IOP measurement. This paper propose an infrared videopupillography to monitoring the pupil size of different light stimulus in dark room. The portable infrared videopupillography contains a camera, a beam splitter, the visible-light LEDs for stimulating the eyes, and the infrared LEDs for lighting the eyes. It is lighter and smaller than the present product. It can modulate for different locations of different eyes, and can be mounted on any eyeglass frame. An analysis program of pupil size can evaluate the pupil diameter by image correlation. In our experiments, the eye diameter curves were not smooth and jagged. It caused by the light spots, lone eyelashes, and blink. In the future, we will improve the analysis program of pupil size and seek the approach to solve the LED light spots. And we hope this infrared videopupillography proposed in this paper can be a measuring platform to explore the relations between the different diseases and pupil response.
Potential Impact of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention on the Acquisition of Antibodies Against Glutamate-Rich Protein and Apical Membrane Antigen 1 in Children Living in Southern Senegal (2015)

Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is defined as the intermittent administration of full treatment courses of an antimalarial drug to children during the peak of malaria transmission season with the aim of preventing malaria-associated mortality and morbidity. SMC using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) combined with amodiaquine (AQ) is a promising strategy to control malaria morbidity in areas of highly seasonal malaria transmission. However, a concern is whether SMC can delay the natural acquisition of immunity toward malaria parasites in areas with intense SMC delivery. To investigate this, total IgG antibody (Ab) responses to Plasmodium falciparum antigens glutamate-rich protein R0 (GLURP-R0) and apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in Senegalese children under the age of 10 years in 2010 living in Saraya and Velingara districts (with SMC using SP + AQ [SMC+] since 2007) and Tambacounda district (without SMC (SMC-)). For both P. falciparum antigens, total IgG response were significantly higher in the SMC- compared with the SMC+ group (for GLURP-R0, P < 0.001 and for AMA-1, P = 0.001). There was as well a nonsignificant tendency for higher percentage of positive responders in the SMC- compared with the SMC+ group (for GLURP-R0: 22.2% versus 14.4%, respectively [P = 0.06]; for AMA-1: 45.6% versus 40.0%, respectively [P = 0.24]). Results suggest that long-term malaria chemoprevention by SMC/SP + AQ have limited impact on the development of acquired immunity, as tested using the P. falciparum antigens GLURP-R0 and AMA-1. However, other factors, not measured in this study, may interfere as well.
Fuzzy adaptive tracking control for nonlinear suspension systems based on a bio-inspired reference model (2018)

This paper deals with the bio-inspired reference model based fuzzy adaptive tracking control problems for active suspension systems. Particularly, a nonlinear damping is designed to improve nonlinear damping characteristics of the original bio-inspired reference model. With the beneficial nonlinear stiffness and improved nonlinear damping of the bio-inspired reference model, the proposed fuzzy adaptive controller can effectively suppress vibration of the suspension system with less actuator force, hence both improved ride comfort and energy efficiency are achieved. Finally, a quarter-vehicle active suspension system with considering payload uncertainties is provided for evaluating the validity and superiority of the bio-inspired model based fuzzy adaptive tracking control approach proposed in this paper.
Issue Cover (2022)

The cover image is based on the Original Article Machine learning in primary biliary cholangitis: A novel approach for risk stratification by Alessio Gerussi et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.15141.
PPN-type nitrones: preparation and use of a new series of β-phosphorylated spin-trapping agents † (1997)

The synthesis of six members of a new series of β-phosphorylated nitrones derived from α-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN)‡ is described. A new method, based on HPLC, is used to evaluate their n-octanol–phosphate buffer partition coefficient. As is the case for other PBN-type traps, the lipophilicity of these nitrones is found to be greatly dependent on the structure of their aromatic moiety. The capacity of these compounds to act as spin trapping agents is surveyed by using them to trap various free radicals in organic or aqueous media, and the EPR parameters of the different spin adducts obtained are reported herein.