gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Among Men With Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Experience From a Center in Africa (1989)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Jan 1989Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Among Men With Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Experience From a Center in Africa J.N. Simonsen, D.W. Cameron, M.N. Gakinya, J.O. Ndinya-Achola, L.J. D’Costa, P. Karasira, M. Cheang, A.R. Ronald, P. Piot, and F.A. Plummer J.N. SimonsenJ.N. Simonsen More articles by this author , D.W. CameronD.W. Cameron More articles by this author , M.N. GakinyaM.N. Gakinya More articles by this author , J.O. Ndinya-AcholaJ.O. Ndinya-Achola More articles by this author , L.J. D’CostaL.J. D’Costa More articles by this author , P. KarasiraP. Karasira More articles by this author , M. CheangM. Cheang More articles by this author , A.R. RonaldA.R. Ronald More articles by this author , P. PiotP. Piot More articles by this author , and F.A. PlummerF.A. Plummer More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)40724-5AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Among Men With Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Experience From a Center in Africa." The Journal of Urology, 141(1), pp. 226–227 © 1989 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 141Issue 1January 1989Page: 226-227 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1989 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information J.N. Simonsen More articles by this author D.W. Cameron More articles by this author M.N. Gakinya More articles by this author J.O. Ndinya-Achola More articles by this author L.J. D’Costa More articles by this author P. Karasira More articles by this author M. Cheang More articles by this author A.R. Ronald More articles by this author P. Piot More articles by this author F.A. Plummer More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Small Satellite Cluster Inter-Connectivity (2013)

The advances in microelectronics have made small satellite technology an effective alternative to large and expensive satellites by decreasing space mission costs, without greatly reducing the performance. Small satellites can be launched in close formation flying patterns to perform coordinated measurements of remote space missions. This will allow a cluster of small satellites to be used to collect data from multiple points and time, thereby providing spatial and temporal resolutions that cannot be achieved with a single, conventional large satellite. There are three different formation flying patterns under study; Leader-Follower (A-Train), Cluster and Constellation. Inter-satellite communication eliminates the use of expensive ground relay stations and ground tracking networks. When satellites fly in constellations, using inter-satellite communications, it’s not necessary to sink all the data from each of the small satellite to ground, thus eliminating the need of intermediate ground stations for sending data. The small satellite formation control problems, particularly, attitude and relative position can be solved using inter-satellite communication by exchanging the attitude and relative position information among the small satellites. It can also provide timing synchronization. Therefore, inter-satellite communication plays a vital role when small satellites fly in close formations. This presentation aims to propose and validate inter-satellite communication protocols for distributed small satellite networks. We investigate the possibility of implementing a feasible Medium Access Control (MAC) and routing layer protocols for the three different formation flying patterns. A modified MAC and routing protocols particularly the Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) with Request to Send/Clear to Send (RTS/CTS) protocol are analyzed. Our proposed system performance is evaluated using throughput, access delay and end-to-end delay by running extensive simulations. The throughput of the system is deﬁned as the fraction of the total simulation time used for a valid transmission. For the Leader-Follower formation ﬂying pattern the maximum throughput we can achieve using the proposed protocol is about 23% and for Cluster formation pattern, the maximum throughput is found to be 11%. Average access delay and end-to-end delay are less for Leader-Follower formation pattern compared to the Cluster formation ﬂying pattern. We are currently working on the Constellation formation pattern. We have investigated the three types of formation for which we will describe the relative merits of each formation. The decision of which formation flying pattern has to be used depends on the mission architecture, e.g. number of satellites, orbits, power, etc.
Silver versus Gold Catalysis in Tandem Reactions of Carbonyl Functions onto Alkynes: A Versatile Access to Furoquinoline and Pyranoquinoline Cores (2007)

An efficient and versatile tandem process of acetalization and cycloisomerization reactions has been developed for the reactions of 1-alkynyl-2-carbonylquinoline substrates. The reaction occurs thanks to Au(I) and Ag(I) catalysis. Silver(I) catalysis has been extensively studied (11 different silver species) on a broad range of quinoline derivatives (variation of alkyne substituent, of carbonyl function and of nucleophiles), leading to a variety of furoquinoline and pyranoquinoline moieties. An insight is given for the presumed mechanism along with DFT-B3 LYP/6-31G** calculations to address the 6-endo and 5-exo regioselectivities observed.
Modelling correlated variability in accreting black holes: the effect of high density and variable ionization on reverberation lags (2021)

ABSTRACT We present a new release of the reltrans model to fit the complex cross-spectrum of accreting black holes as a function of energy. The model accounts for continuum lags and reverberation lags self-consistently in order to consider the widest possible range of X-ray variability time-scales. We introduce a more self-consistent treatment of the reverberation lags, accounting for how the time variations of the illuminating flux change the ionization level of the accretion disc. This process varies the shape of the reflection spectrum in time causing an additional source of lags besides the light crossing delay. We also consider electron densities in the accretion disc up to 1020 cm−3, which are found in most of the stellar mass black holes and in some active galactic nuclei. These high densities increase the amplitude of the reverberation lags below 1 keV since the reflection flux enhances in the same energy range. In addition, we investigate the properties of hard lags produced by variations in the power-law index of the continuum spectrum, which can be interpreted as due to roughly $3{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ variability in the corona’s optical depth and temperature. As a test case, we simultaneously fit the lag-energy spectra in a wide range of Fourier frequency for the black hole candidate MAXI J1820+0701820 observed with NICER. The best fit shows how the reverberation lags contribute even at the longer time-scales where the hard lags are important. This proves the importance of modelling these two lags together and self-consistently in order to constrain the parameters of the system.
Oxamates derived from 5‐aminopyrazoles (1986)

Abstract Several oxamates were prepared from ethyl oxalyl chloride and 5‐amino‐4‐cyanopyrazoles substituted in the 1‐position with aryl, aroyl and arylsulfonyl groups. Both aroyl and arylsulfonyl groups suffered chloride‐induced cleavage during this process. The synthesis of 7‐(6‐chloro‐3‐pyridazinyl)‐7 H ‐pyrazolo[3,4‐ d ]‐1,2,3‐tri‐azin‐4(3 H )‐one ( 11 ) and its reaction with methanol to give 1‐(6‐chloro‐3‐pyridazinyl)‐5‐methoxy‐1 H ‐pyrazole‐4‐carboxamide ( 12 ) are also reported. A mechanism for this interesting transformation is presented.
Modification of Escherichia coli ribosomes with the fluorescent reagent N-[[(iodoacetyl)amino]ethyl]-5-naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid. Identification of derivatized L31' and studies on its intraribosomal properties (1985)

N-[[(Iodoacetyl)amino]ethyl]-5-naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid (IAEDANS) is a fluorescent reagent which reacts covalently with the free thiol groups of proteins. When the reagent is reacted with the Escherichia coli ribosome under mild conditions, gel electrophoresis shows modification of predominantly two proteins, S18 and L31', which become labeled to an equal extent. When the native (i.e., untreated) ribosome is dissociated into 30S and 50S subunits, only the 30S ribosomal protein S18 reacts with IAEDANS despite the fact that L31' is still present on the large subunit. Upon heat activation of the subunits, a procedure which alters subunit conformation, S18 plus a number of higher molecular weight proteins is modified, but not L31'; the latter reacts with IAEDANS only in the 70S ribosome or when it is free. In contrast to the relatively stable association of L31' with native or with dissociated ribosomes, dissociation of N-[(acetylamino)ethyl]-5-naphthylaminesulfonic acid (AEDANS)-treated ribosomes weakens the AEDANS-L31'/ribosome interaction, resulting, upon gel filtration analysis, in ribosomes devoid of this derivatized protein.
A comparison of bandwidth-efficient multiple access to other signal designs for correlated waveform multiple-access communications (2003)

There have been several papers in the literature that deal with the design of signature waveforms for use by the transmitters in uplink, single-cell, multiple-access communications. In particular, we consider the approach introduced by Guess and Varanasi (1996, 1997), where the signature waveforms are specifically designed for the centralized multiuser receiver at the base so that each transmitter can be guaranteed a preassigned quality-of-service (QoS) requirement in terms of the received signal-to-interference ratio (SIR). The resulting strategy is called bandwidth-efficient multiple access (BEMA). When all users employ pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) and a common signaling rate, the key question in BEMA is how the waveforms must be designed to occupy as little bandwidth as possible and still meet the QoS objectives. For a strict measure of bandwidth, and for a given set of received powers, this question was addressed by the authors for the maximum SIR decision-feedback (MSIR-DF) receiver of Varanasi and Guess (1998). A similar question was addressed by Viswanath, Anantharam and Tse (see ibid., vol.45, p.1968-1983, Sept. 1999) where, for a sum constraint on the received powers, optimal signature signals and transmit powers were obtained for the linear MSIR receiver (without decision feedback). A somewhat different but related non-QoS approach proposes the design of signature signals that maximize the total capacity of the multiple-access channel under a spreading-gain constraint. This article undertakes a comparison of the minimum bandwidth required (to achieve the QoS requirements) for the signals designed for the MSIR-DF receiver, for the linear MSIR receiver, and for sum-capacity maximization as shown by Viswanath and Anantharam (see ibid., vol. 45, p.1984-1991, Sept. 1999). We show that the bandwidth required for multiuser receivers with decision feedback can be significantly less than that required for linear receivers or for sum-capacity maximization when the MSIR-DF receiver is used.
Hydrogen Passivation for Multi-Crystalline and Quasi-Mono Cast Silicon Wafers – a Pathway to Low Cost, High Efficiency Solar Cells? (2014)

Large enhancements in the effective minority carrier lifetime and therefore implied open circuit voltage (iVOC) are achieved through hydrogen passivation both with and without gettering on standard commercial multicrystalline wafers and quasi-mono wafers produced using the seeded cast method. For full cell structures on large area p-type multi-crystalline wafers from the edge of a cast ingot, iVOC of the material improved from 645 mV to over 700 mV through passivation of the grain boundaries, dislocations, impurities and other defects within the device using atomic hydrogen released from the passivating dielectric layers. On heavily dislocated quasi-mono material from the central region of a seeded-cast ingot, low injection effective minority carrier lifetimes were increased from 8 μs to over 160 μs (without gettering) with a substantial reduction in the recombination activity associated with dislocations through the use of an advanced hydrogenation process incorporating minority carrier injection. The samples yielded iVOC in excess of 725 mV, approaching that of boron-doped CZ wafers processed in parallel.
Advances in high-speed continuous-time delta-sigma modulators (2014)

The maximum clock rate of continuous-time ΔΣ modulators has increased dramatically over the past several years, showing that continuous-time systems can operate at higher rates than their discrete-time counterparts. This paper outlines the circuits and architectures that have led to these improvements and presents an analysis of the maximum clock rate of continuous-time ΔΣ modulators when limited by the metastability error of the internal flash ADC, resulting in a simple relationship between metastability error and SNR. A circuit simulation technique is also presented that helps analyse high-speed continuous-time systems to identify and correct non-idealities in the modulator's transfer functions.
A universal sensor control architecture considering robot dynamics (2002)

The paper presents a dynamical sensor control architecture that allows robot arms to perform tasks that with conventional feedback of sensor data fail because of delays or deviations due to the robot dynamics. The architecture distinguishes between robot positional control and refinement of desired positions using vision and/or other sensors. Each of these aspects is designed without the knowledge of the other. Communication between sensors and robot control may be slow and asynchronous. Experiments show vision based control along a seen line at a speed of 0.7 m/s. Path deviations are about 0.6 mm.
Finding a Lower-Risk Path to High-Impact Innovations (2018)

True enabling innovations can yield rewards that go far beyond most other forms of innovation and give companies a long-lasting competitive edge. However, pursuing them may seem at odds with the pressure for short-term results. In an increasingly unpredictable and resource-constrained world, accelerated, lower-risk pursuit of enabling innovations could be a key to long-term success. Such innovations offer the potential to create enduring growth for the organizations driving them, not simply based on their functional or conceptual advances, but also because of the influence they can have on broader societal factors that can drive widespread adoption and use across multiple application spaces. It is their ability to change society that drives economic gains, not the other way around. Managers would do well to be aware of this counterintuitive cause-effect relationship in advance. In matters of innovation, risk, and return, understanding enabling innovations and lily pad strategies can lead executives to smarter (and less risky) decision-making and investment strategies.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 regulates NPR1 gene expression and activation during leaf senescence induced by salicylic acid (2014)

Plant senescence is a highly regulated process that can be induced by a range of factors. The nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1 (npr1) mutant is defective in the salicylic acid (SA) signalling pathway, displaying delayed yellowing during developmental senescence. However, the regulating mechanism of NPR1 on exogenous SA-induced senescence in detached Arabidopsis leaves has not yet been clarified. It was shown here that mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MPK6) is involved in promoting exogenous SA-induced detached leaf senescence. During the process of SA-induced senescence, the expression of NPR1 and senescence-related transcription factor WRKY6 was suppressed in mpk6 mutant plants. Further analyses showed that the NPR1 mRNA level is reduced in wrky6 mutants and enhanced in WRKY6 overexpressing lines. Meanwhile, chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that WRKY6 binds directly to the NPR1 promoter containing W-box motifs. Moreover, inhibition of MPK6 function diminished SA-induced monomerization and nuclear localization of NPR1. In addition, the expression of Trx h5, which catalyses the SA-induced NPR1 activation, was suppressed in the mpk6 mutant, suggesting that MPK6 promotes NPR1 activation, possibly by regulating the expression of Trx h5. Collectively, MPK6-mediated WRKY6 and Trx h5 transcriptional activation co-regulated the expression of the NPR1 gene and the monomerization of NPR1 protein, allowing it to enter the nucleus, thereby promoting SA-induced leaf senescence. These results provide new insight into the mechanism of exogenous SA-induced detached leaf senescence.
Isolation and Characterization of a Gene Specific to Lager Brewing Yeast That Encodes a Branched-Chain Amino Acid Permease (2001)

We found two types of branched-chain amino acid permease gene (BAP2) in the lager brewing yeast Saccharomyces pastorianus BH-225 and cloned one type of BAP2 gene (Lg-BAP2), which is identical to that of Saccharomyces bayanus (by-BAP2-1). The other BAP2 gene of the lager brewing yeast (cer-BAP2) is very similar to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae BAP2 gene. This result substantiates the notion that lager brewing yeast is a hybrid of S. cerevisiae and S. bayanus. The amino acid sequence homology between S. cerevisiae Bap2p and Lg-Bap2p was 88%. The transcription of Lg-BAP2 was not induced by the addition of leucine to the growth medium, while that of cer-BAP2 was induced. The transcription of Lg-BAP2 was repressed by the presence of ethanol and weak organic acid, while that of cer-BAP2 was not affected by these compounds. Furthermore, Northern analysis during beer fermentation revealed that the transcription of Lg-BAP2 was repressed at the beginning of the fermentation, while cer-BAP2 was highly expressed throughout the fermentation. These results suggest that the transcription of Lg-BAP2 is regulated differently from that of cer-BAP2 in lager brewing yeasts.
Elevated plasma osteopontin associated with gastric cancer development, invasion and survival (2006)

Elevated plasma OPN level is significantly associated with gastric cancer development, invasive phenotypes and survival. Plasma OPN level may have potential usefulness as a diagnostic and prognostic factor for gastric cancer.
Infant Safety during and after Maternal Valacyclovir Therapy in Conjunction with Antiretroviral HIV-1 Prophylaxis in a Randomized Clinical Trial (2012)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00530777.
Allyl Zincation of Vinyl Metals:  A Computational Study (1999)

The allyl zincation of vinyllithium or Grignard reagents was studied computationally and compared to the allyl zincation of ethylene. The key step is a preorganization of the reagents via Zn−Br−Li (or Mg) coordination, which is also apparent in the transition structures. The experimentally observed diastereoselectivity when substituted (E)- or (Z)-vinyllithium reagents are added to crotylzinc bromide may also be explained in terms of preferentially stabilized transition structures with cisoid allyl moieties.
Millimeter wave integrated circuit techniques and technology (2010)

This paper presents techniques and technology for the design and development of low cost microwave and millimeter wave integrated circuits. Starting from the conventional microstrip, other key technologies including suspended stripline, dielectric integrated guides and micromachining are described. Design methodology leading to the development of several high performance components/subsystems at 35 GHz and 140 GHz is presented. The components reported are 26.5–40 GHz balanced mixer in microstrip, 18–40 GHz double balanced mixer using a novel balun structure, 140 GHz band pass filter and balanced mixer utilizing a novel suspended stripline structure, band stop filter and an oscillator utilizing a novel transition from suspended stripline to dielectric guide. The design and development of different types of micro machined patch antennas are then described. The antenna geometries considered are: circular patch antenna, square patches antenna, triangular patch antenna, and coplanar patch antennas. These antenna geometries are optimized using full wave electromagnetic simulation software HFSS and then fabricated on high resistivity Si wafers. Next, methodology for the design and development of MEMS switch on GaAs at Ka-band is presented. Finally schemes for developing reconfigurable circuits at millimeter wave frequencies using MEMS switches are presented.
A synergistic strategy to develop photostable and bright dyes with long Stokes shift for nanoscopy (2022)

The quality and application of super-resolution fluorescence imaging greatly lie in the dyes' properties, including photostability, brightness, and Stokes shift. Here we report a synergistic strategy to simultaneously improve such properties of regular fluorophores. Introduction of quinoxaline motif with fine-tuned electron density to conventional rhodamines generates new dyes with vibration structure and inhibited twisted-intramolecular-charge-transfer (TICT) formation synchronously, thus increasing the brightness and photostability while enlarging Stokes shift. The new fluorophore YL578 exhibits around twofold greater brightness and Stokes shift than its parental fluorophore, Rhodamine B. Importantly, in Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy, YL578 derived probe possesses a superior photostability and thus renders threefold more frames than carbopyronine based probes (CPY-Halo and 580CP-Halo), known as photostable fluorophores for STED imaging. Furthermore, the strategy is well generalized to offer a new class of bright and photostable fluorescent probes with long Stokes shift (up to 136 nm) for bioimaging and biosensing.
Erdalkalimetallkomplexe mit deprotonierten organischen Säuren und Wasser als Liganden: Herstellung, Strukturen und eine neue Synthesestrategie (1991)

Die Umsetzung einer organischen Säure mit festen Metallhydroxiden in einem Kohlenwasserstoff in Gegenwart einer Lewis‐Base wie Hexamethylphosphorsäuretriamid (HMPA) führt nach Gleichung (a) zu Metallkomplexen, wie sie im Titel spezifiziert sind. Mit einer derartigen „direkten Synthese”︁ konnte aus Ca(OH) 2 , 2‐Mercaptobenzoxazol (OxH) und HMPA der Komplex Ox 2 Ca·2HMPA·2H 2 O hergestellt werden, dessen Struktur unter anderem durch intra‐ und intermolekulare S ⃛H ⃛O‐Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen charakterisiert ist. magnified image