gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Gastric Tube Carcinoma After Esophagectomy Contributes to Long-Term Outcomes: A Retrospective Case Series (2020)

Abstract Background: Gastric tube carcinoma (GTC) after esophagectomy has been observed increasingly in recent years after advanced treatment of esophageal carcinoma. Surgical removal of the reconstructed gastric tube is not usually preferred; however, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is greatly anticipated to be a promising option. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of ESD for GTC. Methods: This study was designed based on a retrospective survey performed at our single center between 2003 and 2018. Patients with GTC were treated with ESD and followed-up according to the policy of our institution. The curability of ESD was evaluated histologically according to the Japanese gastric cancer treatment guidelines. Patient characteristics, outcomes of ESD procedures, and long-term outcomes were analyzed. Results: A total of 31 patients (2 females; median age, 73 years) with 45 GTC cases were treated with ESD. The mean period from esophagectomy to the diagnosis of GTC was 10.6 years. The only adverse event due to ESD was bleeding (2 patients: 4.4%). No fatal events, such as perforation, occurred. The rates of complete resections and curative resections were 86.7% and 60.0%, respectively. The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 67.6% and 47.7%, respectively. The 3-year and 5-year disease-specific survival rates were 100% and 92.9%, respectively. One patient died of GTC and 14 patients died of other diseases, including five primary carcinomas. Conclusions: ESD for GTC can be a safe treatment and contribute to positive long-term outcomes. Long-term regular gastroscopy is required for early detection. Screening should be performed before ESD and follow-up should be performed after ESD to prolong overall survival.
Adsorption behaviour of green coffee residues for decolourization of hazardous congo red and eriochrome black T dyes from aqueous solutions (2020)

In this work, the residues of green coffee waste were probed for elimination of the toxic anionic dyes Congo red and Eriochrome Black-T taken from the water phase after washing with de-ionised water, and followed by drying at up to 150°C in an air oven for 3 h. In their dried form, the residues of green coffee waste, before and after adsorption of anionic dyes, were characterised by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX). The FT-IR findings showed that the surface of green coffee residues exhibited sufficient oxygen features (O – H, C – O, C = O, C – O – C). The SEM and EDX analyses showed positive adsorption of both the Congo red and Eriochrome Black-T on the green coffee residues. The adsorption output showed that the percentage of removal of CR and EBT had a substantial effect on the pH solution and the maximum removal of both dyes (CR and EBT) obtained at pH-4 and pH-6 respectively. Pseudo-first-order models for CR and pseudo-second-order models for EBT were better suited to the kinetic tests. The EBT adsorption was well defined by the Freundlich isotherm model, while CR adsorption was best suited to the Langmuir isotherm model for green coffee waste residues. CR and EBT have been found to have maximum adsorption capacities of 20.04 and 60.60 mg/g respectively. The EBT and CR adsorption mechanisms mainly involved electrostatic attraction, chemical reactions, pi-pi interactions and hydrophobic force growth. Compared with other crop residues, the adsorbent showed better removal efficiency of dyes, suggesting possible and beneficial use of green coffee waste residues to effectively decontaminate dye-contaminated wastewater.
Effects of dehulling on functional properties of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) flours. (1982)

Effects of dehulling on certain functional properties of flours of 10 different cultivars of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were investigated. Dehulling improved the water and oil absorption capacities of bean flours by 3-39% and 10-44%, respectively. Foaming and emulsion capacities of bean flours increased as a result of dehulling. Foams and emulsions of dehulled bean flours were, however, less stable than those of whole bean flours. Foaming properties of bean flours were dependent on pH and concentration. Seed coat removal improved gelling properties of most cultivars investigated. Among the cultivars studied, small white beans showed excellent water absorption, gelling, and emulsion properties. Black beauty and cranberry flours gave the maximum increase in whipping volume, whereas foams prepared from dark red kidney beans were the most stable. The seed coat appears to play an important role in foam and emulsion stability of bean flours.
A practical design for insensitive RC-active filters (1975)

A systematic <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RC</tex> -active network synthesis procedure for the realization of second-order transfer functions is proposed. The realization employs three operational amplifiers and no isolation amplifiers are necessary. The sensitivity of the resulting networks to passive element variations has been found to be low. The sensitivity to variations in the active elements has been made very low. A design is given in which tuning can be achieved by trimming only resistors. The design is particularly attractive for high- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</tex> realizations. The stability properties and the influence of the finite bandwidth of the amplifiers are examined. The proposed realization has been compared with those of Kerwin, Huelsman, and Newcomb, of Tarmi and Ghausi, and of Thomas, and found to offer several attractive features as compared to these realizations. The design procedure was used to obtain a sixth-order elliptic bandpass filter. Experimental results show close agreement between theory and practice. Further, these results indicate that these realizations are insensitive to temperature and power supply variations.
Genome-scale reconstruction of the Lrp regulatory network in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2008)

Broad-acting transcription factors (TFs) in bacteria form regulons. Here, we present a 4-step method to fully reconstruct the leucine-responsive protein (Lrp) regulon in Escherichia coli K-12 MG 1655 that regulates nitrogen metabolism. Step 1 is composed of obtaining high-resolution ChIP-chip data for Lrp, the RNA polymerase and expression profiles under multiple environmental conditions. We identified 138 unique and reproducible Lrp-binding regions and classified their binding state under different conditions. In the second step, the analysis of these data revealed 6 distinct regulatory modes for individual ORFs. In the third step, we used the functional assignment of the regulated ORFs to reconstruct 4 types of regulatory network motifs around the metabolites that are affected by the corresponding gene products. In the fourth step, we determined how leucine, as a signaling molecule, shifts the regulatory motifs for particular metabolites. The physiological structure that emerges shows the regulatory motifs for different amino acid fall into the traditional classification of amino acid families, thus elucidating the structure and physiological functions of the Lrp-regulon. The same procedure can be applied to other broad-acting TFs, opening the way to full bottom-up reconstruction of the transcriptional regulatory network in bacterial cells.
Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: Defining the Clinical Problem (2003)

It is generally acknowledged that severe sepsis/septic shock is a major problem in clinical medicine, yet the extent of the problem and its basic immunology remain poorly defined. The generation of accurate statistics about sepsis is confounded by the imprecise and highly variable terminology used to describe sepsis by clinicians around the world. The problem of sepsis is further complicated by the remarkably diverse spectrum of illness encompassed under the term 'sepsis'. Sepsis may range in severity from mild systemic inflammation without significant clinical consequences to multisystem failure in septic shock with an exceedingly high mortality rate. Sepsis connotes a clinical syndrome that may occur in any age group, in markedly different patient populations, and in response to a multitude of microbial pathogens from multiple different anatomical sites within the human body. A concerted effort has been made to standardize definitions of sepsis by the use of international committees and consensus opinions from panels of experts in sepsis research. While consensus definitions of sepsis have proven to be of value, the lack of uniformity in interpretation of these definitions continues to be problematic by clinicians and basic researchers alike. Recently, a new conceptual framework for understanding sepsis has been developed, called the PIRO concept (predisposition, infection, response and organ dysfunction). This has been conceptually modeled from the TNM classification (tumor size, nodal spread, metastases) which has been successfully used in defining treatment and prognostic indicators in clinical oncology. Further refinements in the definitions and predisposing factors of severe sepsis should improve the understanding and management of severe sepsis and septic shock in the near future.
Lipid‐Based Quaternary Ammonium Sophorolipid Amphiphiles with Antimicrobial and Transfection Activities (2019)

Twelve new quaternary ammonium sophorolipids with long alkyl chains on the nitrogen atom were synthesized starting from oleic and petroselinic acid-based sophorolipids. These novel derivatives were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against selected Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and their transfection efficacies on three different eukaryotic cell lines in vitro as good activities were demonstrated for previously synthesized derivatives. Self-assembly properties were also evaluated. All compounds proved to possess antimicrobial and transfection properties, and trends could be observed based on the length of the nitrogen substituent and the total length of the sophorolipid tail. Moreover, all long-chain quaternary ammonium sophorolipids form micelles, which proved to be a prerequisite to induce antimicrobial activity and transfection capacity. These results are promising for future healthcare applications of long-chained quaternary ammonium sophorolipids.
MARCKS modulates radial progenitor placement, proliferation and organization in the developing cerebral cortex (2009)

The radial glial cells serve as neural progenitors and as a migratory guide for newborn neurons in the developing cerebral cortex. These functions require appropriate organization and proliferation of the polarized radial glial scaffold. Here, we demonstrate in mice that the myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate protein (MARCKS), a prominent cellular substrate for PKC, modulates radial glial placement and expansion. Loss of MARCKS results in ectopic collection of mitotically active radial progenitors away from the ventricular zone (VZ) in the upper cerebral wall. Apical restriction of key polarity complexes [CDC42, beta-catenin (CTNNB1), N-cadherin (CDH2), myosin IIB (MYOIIB), aPKCzeta, LGL, PAR3, pericentrin, PROM1] is lost. Furthermore, the radial glial scaffold in Marcks null cortex is compromised, with discontinuous, non-radial processes apparent throughout the cerebral wall and deformed, bulbous, unbranched end-feet at the basal ends. Further, the density of radial processes within the cerebral cortex is reduced. These deficits in radial glial development culminate in aberrant positioning of neurons and disrupted cortical lamination. Genetic rescue experiments demonstrate, surprisingly, that phosphorylation of MARCKS by PKC is not essential for the role of MARCKS in radial glial cell development. By contrast, the myristoylation domain of MARCKS needed for membrane association is essential for MARCKS function in radial glia. The membrane-associated targeting of MARCKS and the resultant polarized distribution of signaling complexes essential for apicobasal polarity may constitute a critical event in the appropriate placement, proliferation and organization of polarized radial glial scaffold in the developing cerebral cortex.
Stage specific gene expression of serpins and their cognate proteases during myeloid differentiation (2006)

Proteases and their serpin inhibitors are abundantly expressed in haemopoietic and peripheral blood cells. There is, however, relatively little information about the role played by serpins in the control of protease activity within these cells and in the pericellular region. The observation that mutations in the neutrophil elastase gene, which cause cyclic and severe congenital neutropenia, are associated with protease maldistribution gives some clue as to the potential importance of inhibitor proteins. To begin to address the role of protease/inhibitor balance in blood cells we used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to examine protease and serpin gene expression in mature peripheral blood cells, differentiating haemopoietic progenitors, leukaemic blasts and haemopoietic cell lines. The results demonstrate stage-specific expression of proteases together with widespread expression of intra- and extra-cellular serpins. The elastase inhibitors monocyte neutrophil elastase inhibitor (MNEI) and antitrypsin (AT) showed overlapping expression. MNEI is predominantly expressed in early haemopoietic progenitors while antitrypsin is mainly expressed in more mature myeloid precursors, peripheral blood granulocytes and mononuclear cells. Our results give an overall picture of serpin and protease gene expression and draws attention to the potential importance of elastase regulators at all stages of myelopoiesis.
Differing patterns of human protooncogene expression in peripheral blood and bone marrow acute leukemia cells. (1987)

The levels of protooncogene RNA in matched bone marrow and peripheral blood cells obtained from patients with newly diagnosed acute myelogenous leukemia were compared. While the absolute amounts of c-myc RNA in the matched specimens are similar, the levels are not correlated. In contrast, while the levels of c-fos RNA in the matched bone marrow and peripheral blood cells are correlated, the absolute levels of c-fos RNA differ substantially. The level of histone H3 RNA is higher in bone marrow cells than in peripheral blood cells. These substantial differences in protooncogene RNA levels between leukemic cells found in the bone marrow and in the peripheral blood make it impossible to accurately "characterize" gene expression in leukemic cells if studies are restricted to the cells in either compartment. Additionally, there appears to be a significant relationship between the levels of c-fos RNA and triose phosphate isomerase RNA and the height of the white blood cell count and between the level of c-fos RNA in marrow cells and the proportion of monocytic cells present.
O-glycan sialylation alters galectin-3 subcellular localization and decreases chemotherapy sensitivity in gastric cancer (2016)

ST6GalNAc-I, the sialyltransferase responsible for sialyl-Tn (sTn) synthesis, has been previously reported to be positively associated with cancer aggressiveness. Here we describe a novel sTn-dependent mechanism for chemotherapeutic resistance. We show that sTn protects cancer cells against chemotherapeutic-induced cell death by decreasing the interaction of cell surface glycan receptors with galectin-3 and increasing its intracellular accumulation. Moreover, exogenously added galectin-3 potentiated the chemotherapeutics-induced cytotoxicity in sTn non-expressing cells, while sTn overexpressing cells were protected. We also found that the expression of sTn was associated with a reduction in galectin-3-binding sites in human gastric samples tumors. ST6GalNAc-I knockdown restored galectin-3-binding sites on the cell surface and chemotherapeutics sensibility. Our results clearly demonstrate that an interruption of O-glycans extension caused by ST6GalNAc-I enzymatic activity leads to tumor cells resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs, highlighting the need for the development of novel strategies to target galectin-3 and/or ST6GalNAc-I.
CCDC 639135: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2008)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Stable Carbonium Ions. LXXXVIII. Hydrogen-1 and Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Laser Raman Spectroscopic Study of the 2-Methyl-, 2-Ethyl-, and 2-Phenylnorbornyl Cations (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStable Carbonium Ions. LXXXVIII. Hydrogen-1 and Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Laser Raman Spectroscopic Study of the 2-Methyl-, 2-Ethyl-, and 2-Phenylnorbornyl CationsGeorge A. Olah, John R. DeMember, Christine Y. Liu, and Anthony M. WhiteCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 27, 7789Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja50001a072https://doi.org/10.1021/ja50001a072research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views24Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of clonidine on proinflammatory cytokine levels in ex vivo human oral mucosa. (2014)

e20689 Background: A strategy for the attenuation of oral mucositis is inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PIC) which have been implicated in its pathogenesis. Clonidine, a α2 adrenergic agonist, has been observed to inhibit the expression and production of these cytokines, presumably through the NF-kB pathway. The objective of this study was to evaluate if clonidine could impede PIC in an ex vivo model of human oral mucosa. Methods: 5 mm3 biopsy samples of non-keratinized oral mucosa obtained from healthy volunteers were transferred onto permeable polycarbonate membrane transwells (12 mm diameter, 12 µm pore size). Saline (control group), Clonidine in 6 different concentrations (0,009, 0,03, 0,09, 0,3, 0,9, and 3 µg/ml), or clonidine + saline, was apically added every 2 hours for 6 doses and incubated for 10 hours. Substance P (SP) was added 10 hours after the first clonidine dose (except in clonidine + control) simultaneously with the last clonidine dose. Following an additional incubation for 24 hours, supernatants were removed and selected PIC levels were measured using ELISA (AbCys, France). Results: SP effected significant increases of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and IL-10 in controls (Table). Clonidine impacted TNF-α levels in a dose-dependent manner with significant reductions noted at concentration of 0.9 µg/mL (p=0.01) and 3 µg/mL (p=p0.006), but not at lower concentrations. A similar, non-significant trend was noted for levels of IL-6 and IL-1β. Conclusions: SP produced expected increases in PIC in specimens of human oral mucosa. Clonidine effectively reduced TNF-α levels in a statistically significant way at the highest doses and modulated measurable IL-6 and IL-1β (not significant). These observations suggest a potential mechanism of action to explain the observed attenuation of OM in animal models and support further investigation into clonidine’s mechanism of action. Cytokine (pg/mg) Untreated control SP-treated control P value: SP vs untreated control Clonidine 0.9 g/mL Clonidine 3 µg/mL TNF-α 0.63±0.44 1.7±1.1 0.006 0.74±0.36 0.67±0.27 IL-10 0.21±0.16 0.96±0.59 0.012 0.37±0.23 0.41±0.47 IL-6 9.8±7.7 38.2±34.2 0.014 20±15 22.4±19.3 IL-1β 1.83±0.53 5.85±4.5 0.04 3.61±1.64 4.29±3.18
Monolithic 2D high-power arrays of long-wavelength VCSELs (2008)

InP-based, long-wavelength vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (LW-VCSELs) with buried tunnel junction are presented for high-power applications. Various studies of single-devices with large apertures and monolithically integrated two-dimensional VCSEL arrays are shown. The influence of aperture and array size on laser power, efficiency and divergence angle is investigated in detail. Unlike GaAs-based devices, large apertures are not favorable due to thermal issues. Accordingly, we focused on VCSEL arrays and derived scaling rules for optimum performance. This allows manufacturing high-power devices achieving continuous-wave (CW) optical powers in excess of 3 W at -11&deg;C heat-sink temperature, circular far-field, low divergence angles around 20&deg; and power densities of 130 W/cm<sup>2</sup> at 1.55 &mu;m. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest power ever reported for a monolithic VCSEL array. At room temperature, more than 2 W is still available and high-temperature operation up to 70&deg;C is applicable. The driving voltages around 1.2 V are significantly low, enabling single battery mobile operation. The wall-plug efficiency at room temperature exceeds 20% in a wide range. Addressing the array in sectors, we found that the array is very homogenous in performance with a standard deviation of less than 2.8%. Therefore, high-power applications can also be accomplished by VCSEL technology. As these novel devices with emission wavelengths beyond 1400 nm are less restrictive with respect to eye-safety, they are also favorable for free-space applications. Additionally, the devices may be used as concealed infra-red headlights that are invisible for all silicon-based detectors.
The synthesis and antimycobacterial properties of 4-(substituted benzylsulfanyl)pyridine-2-carboxamides (2012)

4-(Substituted benzylsulfanyl)pyridine-2-carboxamides 6 were synthesized by a three-step synthesis starting from 4-chloropyridine-2-carboxylic acid and substituted benzyl thiols, with the exception of nitroderivatives. The compounds were evaluated for their anti-TB activity against M. tuberculosis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (M. kansasii and M. avium), and MDR strains of M. tuberculosis. The activities expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) fall into the range of 8-250 mol/L. The substances exhibited similar activities against both sensitive and resistant strains.
Author Correction: PEAR1 regulates expansion of activated fibroblasts and deposition of extracellular matrix in pulmonary fibrosis (2022)

The original version of this article contained errors in Figure In Figure In addition, the ontology in Fig.
PASSHIV-1 treatment of patients with HIV-1 infection. A preliminary report of a Phase I trial of hyperimmune porcine immunoglobulin to HIV-1 (1993)

Osther, Kurt; Wiik, Allan; Black, Finn; Skinhoj, Peter; Kellermann, Gottfried; Ugen, Kenneth E.; Williams, William V.; Weiner, David B.