gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neonatal Periostin Knockout Mice Are Protected from Hyperoxia-Induced Alveolar Simplication (2012)

In bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), alveolar septae are thickened with collagen and α-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-positive myofibroblasts. Periostin, a secreted extracellular matrix protein, is involved in TGF-β-mediated fibrosis and myofibroblast differentiation. We hypothesized that periostin expression is required for hypoalveolarization and interstitial fibrosis in hyperoxia-exposed neonatal mice, an animal model for this disease. We also examined periostin expression in neonatal lung mesenchymal stromal cells and lung tissue of hyperoxia-exposed neonatal mice and human infants with BPD. Two-to-three day-old wild-type and periostin null mice were exposed to air or 75% oxygen for 14 days. Mesenchymal stromal cells were isolated from tracheal aspirates of premature infants. Hyperoxic exposure of neonatal mice increased alveolar wall periostin expression, particularly in areas of interstitial thickening. Periostin co-localized with α-smooth muscle actin, suggesting synthesis by myofibroblasts. A similar pattern was found in lung sections of infants dying of BPD. Unlike wild-type mice, hyperoxia-exposed periostin null mice did not show larger air spaces or α-smooth muscle-positive myofibroblasts. Compared to hyperoxia-exposed wild-type mice, hyperoxia-exposed periostin null mice also showed reduced lung mRNA expression of α-smooth muscle actin, elastin, CXCL1, CXCL2 and CCL4. TGF-β treatment increased mesenchymal stromal cell periostin expression, and periostin treatment increased TGF-β-mediated DNA synthesis and myofibroblast differentiation. We conclude that periostin expression is increased in the lungs of hyperoxia-exposed neonatal mice and infants with BPD, and is required for hyperoxia-induced hypoalveolarization and interstitial fibrosis.
Nanostructured Mg–Al Hydrotalcite as Catalyst for Fine Chemical Synthesis (2014)

This paper reviews the recent research of nanostructured Mg-Al hydrotalcite (Mg-Al HT) and its application as an efficient solid base catalyst for the synthesis of fine chemicals. Mg-Al HT has many beneficial features, such as low cost, selectivity, catalytic properties, and wide range of preparation and modification methods. They hold promise for providing sought-after, environmentally friendly technologies for the 21st century. Replacement of currently used homogeneous alkaline bases for the synthesis of fine chemicals by a solid catalyst can result in catalyst re-use and waste stream reduction. We introduce briefly the structure, properties and characterization of the nanostructured Mg-Al HT. The efficacy and benign applications of Mg-Al HT as an alternative solid base to homogenous catalysts in the synthesis of fine chemicals are then reviewed. The challenges for the future applications of Mg-Al HT in the synthesis of fine chemicals in terms of green protocol processes are discussed.
Supplementary Figure S8 from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Efficacy Outcomes from Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Patients with Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Volcano plot of differentially regulated genes identified by Nanostring analysis. The Benjamini–Hockberg P-values are correlated to fold-changes in transcripts identified in diabetic samples (n = 11) versus non-diabetic controls (n = 11). The transcripts achieving the highest statistical significance (p value &lt;0.05) are highlighted by the presence of the corresponding gene name. Significantly downregulated transcripts: HRAS, Ras oncogene family (p=0.009); GTF3C1, transcription factor of the TFIIIC complex (p=0.018); LAG3, key immune checkpoint for T cell modulation (p=0.023); BIRC5, survivin – modulator of programmed cell death (p=0.038); CXCL9 (p=0.038) and CXCL11 (p=0.048), two chemokines mediating inflammatory response; OAS3, interferon-induced enzyme (p=0.04). Significantly upregulated transcripts: IL22RA1, cytokine receptor (p=0.01); MME, transmembrane glycoprotein (p=0.02).&lt;/p&gt;
Three-Phase to High-Frequency Single-Phase Matrix Converter : A Frequency Control Suitable for Soft Switching (2018)

Insulated AC/DC converters using matrix converters (MCs) have higher efficiency, smaller size, and longer lifespan compared with conventional ones. For downsizing of high-frequency (HF) transformers in these converters, developments of HF output MC control methods are active. It is expected to improve efficiency by applying soft switching techniques for these converters. However, to achieve soft switching, phase difference between an output voltage and a current is required. As a result, output power factor decreases. In this paper, a relationship between soft switching conditions and output power factor is revealed. Considering this relationship, the authors propose a new MC control method to achieve soft switching and maximum output power factor. Additionally, this method enables to suppress the distortion of input currents and reduce ripple of the output current. Also, the MC can control the output current and instantaneous reactive power. The authors confirm that experimental results show validity of the method.
Tissue-expressed coinhibitory B7 molecules can control both adaptive and innate immunity (101.28) (2011)

Abstract Some new members of the B7/CD28 families were discovered over the last several years and their functions in vivo need to be elucidated. We show that B7x (B7-H4 or B7S1) was expressed in pancreatic b cells but not in immune cells. Using a CD8 T cell-mediated diabetes model, we demonstrate that mice lacking B7x developed more severe diabetes than the control, conversely mice overexpressing B7x in b cells were diabetes free. Pathogenically effector CD8 T cells were capable of migrating to the pancreas but failed to kill target cells and destroy tissue when encountering local B7x. In response to the local B7x these CD8 T cells achieved an overlap yet distinct gene-expression profile from anergic or exhausted CD8 T cells. Our findings reveal that B7x in the periphery abrogates CD8 T cell-mediated tissue destruction. B7-H1 (PD-L1) is widely expressed in immune cells and is important in the coinhibition of T cell function via binding its receptor PD-1. We show that both human and mice intestinal epithelium expressed B7-H1 and mice deficient for B7-H1 were highly susceptible to gut injury and associated mortality and morbidity. Defective B7-H1 led to loss of epithelial integrity and systemic dispersion of commensal bacteria during intestinal inflammation. B7-H1 expressed on parenchymal cells but not on hematopoietic cells controlled intestinal inflammation, which was not dependent on PD-1, B7-1(CD80), and the adaptive immunity.
Intra-host evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and viral fitness. (2004)

RNA viruses are frequently tolerant to high levels of mutagenesis. In contrast, DNA viruses are less errorprone and coevolve along with their specific hosts over long time periods. Although both strategies have been successful, the "RNA-strategy" (directly linked to the pathogenic potential of these agents) most often generates novelty (new variants, new strains, and even new viral pathogens). For several decades, intra-host virus evolution has been considered to be a speculative field, far from the main issues of clinical virology. This concept is now changed, due to the evidence that RNA virus evolution is intimately linked to failures in viral disease control and prevention. Antiviral strategies using single and fixed elements (i.e. treatments using one antiviral compound, immunizations using a single recombinant protein) have been unable to control highly dynamic quasispecies, such as human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). The development of combinatorial treatments in HIV-1 infection and the recognition that vaccines should be multivalent are important steps in adapting disease control strategies to the complexity of viral populations. The present report summarizes the strategies adopted to address HIV-1 evolution and its phenotypic consequences, including changes in susceptibility to antiviral compounds, viral fitness, and pathogenic potential. In particular, it is highlighted that sequence-function analyses of the intra-host HIV-I evolution, including studies of viral fitness, have opened up new perspectives not only to studying the pathogenic mechanisms and the virus-host relationships, but also to designing new strategies for monitoring antiviral therapies.
Nature or Petrochemistry? — Biologically Degradable Materials (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
High-Throughput Screening Platform in Postnatal Heart Cells and Chemical Probe Toolbox to Assess Cardiomyocyte Proliferation (2021)

Restoring lost heart muscle is an attractive goal for cardiovascular regenerative medicine. One appealing strategy is the therapeutic stimulation of cardiomyocyte proliferation, which <i>inter alia</i> remains challenging due to available assay technologies capturing the complex biology. Here, a high-throughput-formatted phenotypic assay platform was established using rodent whole heart-derived cells to preserve the cellular environment of cardiomyocytes. Several readouts allowed the quantification of cycling cardiomyocytes, including a transgenic H2B-mCherry system for unequivocal, automated detection of cardiomyocyte nuclei. A chemical genetics approach revealed pronounced species differences and furnished pan-kinase inhibitors <b>5</b> and <b>36</b> as potent and robust inducers of endoreplication and acytokinetic mitosis. Combined profiling of the commonly used p38 MAPK inhibitors SB203580 (<b>1</b>), SB239063 (<b>2</b>) and a novel set of skepinone-L (<b>6</b>) derivatives pointed to off-target effects beyond p38 that might be critical for effective cardiomyocyte cytokinesis. Kinome-focused screening eventually furnished TG003 (<b>38</b>) as a novel candidate for stimulating cardiomyocyte proliferation.
Advanced Gradient-Free Selective Excitation Using the Bloch-Siegert Shift (2023)

A class of selective RF pulses which use the Bloch-Siegert shift to localize selective excitation without B 0 gradients has recently been proposed. Here we report an improved design method for both the frequency-gradient inducing component pulse and the frequency-selective component pulse, which reduces ripple in the magnetization profile and produces flatter passbands across the excited B 1 + range. The pulses&amp;rsquo; production of multiphoton resonances across B 1 + and their suitability for fast gradient-free CPMG imaging are investigated. They are deployed for the first time on a low-field scanner to produce slice-selective selection.
Barton Esters as New Radical Photoinitiators for Flat Panel Display Applications (2008)

A new series of photoinitiators for free radical photopolymerization based on Barton ester derivatives is developed for flat panel display applications. The absorption spectra exhibit a broad band between 320 and 420 nm. The photolysis quantum yields are very high, a fact that underlines the capability of the photoinitiators to bleach during the irradiation and thereby to lead to a moderate yellowing. Compared to commercial photoinitiators, the Barton esters display a very good efficiency. As revealed by laser flash photolysis, the dissociation rate constants are very high. Quantum mechanical computations show that the photodissociation can occur from both the excited singlet and triplet states.
Expression and Subunit Interaction of Voltage-Dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup>Channels in PC12 Cells (1996)

Nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced differentiation in PC12 cells is accompanied by changes in the expression of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. Ca2+ channels are multimeric complexes composed of at least three subunits (alpha1, beta, and alpha2delta) and are involved in neuronal migration, gene expression, and neurotransmitter release. Although attempts have been undertaken to elucidate NGF regulation of Ca2+ channel expression, the changes in subunit composition of these channels during differentiation still remain uncertain. In the present study, patch-clamp recordings show that in addition to the previously documented L-type and N-type Ca2+ currents, undifferentiated PC12 cells also express an omega-agatoxin-IVA-sensitive (P/Q-type) component. In addition, the corresponding mRNA encoding the pore-forming alpha1 subunits for these channels (C, B, and A, respectively) was detected. Likewise, mRNA for three distinct auxiliary beta subunits (1, 2, 3) were also found, beta3 protein being dominantly expressed. Immunoprecipitation experiments show that the N-type Ca2+ channel is associated with either a beta2 or beta3 subunit and that NGF increases the channel expression without affecting its beta subunit association. These results (1) indicate that the diversity of Ca2+ currents in PC12 cells arise from the expression of three distinct alpha1 and three different beta subunit genes; (2) support a model for heterogenous beta subunit association of the N-type Ca2+ channel in a single cell type; and (3) suggest that the regulation of the N-type Ca2+ channel during NGF-mediated differentiation involves an increase in the number of functional channels with no apparent changes in subunit composition.
Data from Androgen-Induced Differentiation and Tumorigenicity of Human Prostate Epithelial Cells (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Androgen ablation is the primary treatment modality for patients with metastatic prostate cancer; however, the role of androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer development remains enigmatic. Using a series of genetically defined immortalized and tumorigenic human prostate epithelial cells, we found that introduction of the androgen receptor induced differentiation of transformed prostate epithelial cells to a luminal phenotype reminiscent of organ-confined prostate cancer when placed in the prostate microenvironment. Moreover, androgen receptor expression converted previously androgen-independent, tumorigenic prostate epithelial cells into cells dependent on testosterone for tumor formation. These observations indicate that androgen receptor expression is oncogenic and addictive for the human prostate epithelium.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Supplementary Figure 9 from Genomic Deregulation during Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma Implements a Myofibroblast-Like Program of Gene Expression (2023)

Supplementary Figure 9 from Genomic Deregulation during Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma Implements a Myofibroblast-Like Program of Gene Expression
Direct tunneling and gate current fluctuations (2013)

A comprehensive study of correlated gate leakage and drain current fluctuations in nMOS devices using non-equilibrium Green's function calculations has been carried out. A simulation model combining 3D self-consistent electrostatic potentials accounting for random discrete dopants and charged oxide traps with a 1D and 2D transport description of direct-tunneling gate leakage has been developed. The influence of the charge state of the trap on the direct-tunneling current has been investigated. A considerable local change in current density around the trap has been observed. By varying the position of the trap it has been found that oxide defects close to the drain and source regions have a higher impact on the gate leakage. A statistical analysis of nMOSFETs by varying the configuration of the random discrete dopants has been performed. The trap has been positioned close to the drain to achieve a worst-case scenario. The reduction in direct-tunneling current due to charging of a single trap has been calculated for each device. Gate current reductions below one percent have been found. The experimentally measured large gate leakage fluctuations can thus not be accounted for with direct tunneling.
TWIST1, A novel androgen-regulated gene, is a target for NKX3-1 in prostate cancer cells (2013)

Our finding that NKX3-1 represses TWIST1 expression emphasizes the functional importance of NKX3-1 in regulating TWIST1 expression during prostate cancer progression to metastatic disease.
Interplay of Operational Parameters on Lithium Deposition in Lithium-Ion Cells: Systematic Measurements with Reconstructed 3-Electrode Pouch Full Cells (2016)

Deposition of metallic Li is a severe aging mechanism in Lithium-ion cells. This study evaluates the influence of the main operating parameters leading to deposition of Li: temperature, charging C-rate, and end-of-charge voltage. Therefore both, graphite anodes and NMC cathodes from commercial 16Ah pouch cells are reconstructed into 3-electrode full cells. The position of the reference electrode between anode and cathode allows acquiring anode potentials vs. (Li/Li+). Extensive evaluations of data reveal critical combinations of operating parameters to avoid Li deposition. The results from the reconstructed 3-electrode cells are compared with independently performed aging tests of the original 16Ah cells.
Investigating the effect of MUX bandwidth on hybrid communication systems performance (2015)

The effect of multiplexer and demultiplexer (MUX/DEMUX) bandwidth on the performance of hybrid optical communication systems is investigated. Numerical simulations are conducted for eight consecutive channels selected on 100 GHz ITU-grid each carrying data rate of 10 Gbps or 40Gbps. MUX/DEMUX bandwidths of 40, 50, 60, and 70 GHz are used in the simulations. It is found that the optimal MUX/DEMUX bandwidth for all investigated hybrid configurations is 60 GHz. The simulations are used to evaluate the hybrid system performance when using RZ and NRZ pulses format and compare that to regular systems.
Suivre la voie fluviale (2019)

Alors que l’abondance de l’hydrographie est mentionnée dans de nombreuses sources décrivant le Canada, colons et administrateurs s’accommodent des réalités environnementales de la colonie. De fait, dans ses tentatives pour faciliter la circulation fluviale, l’État se heurte à un manque de moyens qui limite les capacités d’aménagement. Contrairement à d’autres territoires français, il concentre son action sur les rivières et, en dépit de l’omniprésence de l’eau, il privilégie l’adaptation des pratiques plutôt que la transformation du milieu. Les mesures de gestion de l’hydrographie révèlent ainsi l’importance des initiatives locales et le contraste entre les volontés politiques affichées et les réalisations concrètes.
Fast large-area precleaning and activation of float soda-lime glass using non-thermal plasma at atmospheric pressure (2019)

Ustni přispěvek referoval o studii předupravy plaveneho sodnovapenateho skla s využitim zdrojů neizotermickeho plazmatu za atmosferickeho tlaku se zaměřenim na procesy průmysloveho lakovani, tisku a vrstveni. Vědecke analýzy a mechanicke zkousky skla osetřeneho DCSBD plazmou prokazaly významne zlepseni vrstveneho bezpecnostniho skla a vhodnost systemu DCSBD pro rychlou velkoplosnou in-line výrobu v tovarnich podminkach.
Long-term Risk of False-Positive Screening Results and Subsequent Biopsy as a Function of Mammography Use (2006)

Prompt annual attendance for mammographic screening reduces the occurrence of false-positive mammographic results.
A synthesis-based approach to compressive multi-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (2017)

In this study, we deal with the problem of image reconstruction from compressive measurements of multi-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We propose a synthesis based approach for image reconstruction to better exploit mutual information across contrasts, while retaining individual features of each contrast image. For fast recovery, we propose an augmented Lagrangian based algorithm, using Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM). We then compare the proposed algorithm to the state-of-the-art Compressive Sensing-MRI algorithms, and show that the proposed method results in better quality images in shorter computation time.
Decentralized Stability Enhancement of DFIG-Based Wind Farms in Large Power Systems: Koopman Theoretic Approach (2022)

This paper proposes a data-centric model predictive control (MPC) for supplemental control of a DFIG-based wind farm (WF) to improve power system stability. The proposed method is designed to control active and reactive power injections via power converters to reduce the oscillations produced by the WF during disturbance conditions. Without prior knowledge of the system model, this approach utilizes the states measurements of the DFIG subsystem for control design. Therefore, a data-driven optimal controller with a decentralized feature is developed. The learning process is based on Koopman operator theory where the unknown nonlinear dynamics of the DFIG is reconstructed by lifting the nonlinear dynamics to a linear space with an approximate linear state evolution. Extended dynamic mode decomposition (EDMD) is then applied to determine the lifted-state space matrices for the proposed Koopman-based model predictive controller (KMPC) design. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is tested on New England IEEE 68-bus 16-machine system under three-phase fault conditions. The results ascertain the effectiveness of the proposed scheme to enhance the system damping characteristics.
The Cytoplasmic Region of the Erythropoietin Receptor Contains Nonoverlapping Positive and Negative Growth-Regulatory Domains (1991)

The erythropoietin (EPO) receptor (EPO-R), a member of a large cytokine receptor superfamily, has a 236-amino-acid cytoplasmic region which contains no obvious tyrosine kinase or other catalytic domain. In order to delineate the linear functional domains of the cytoplasmic tail, we generated truncated mutant cDNAs which were transfected into a murine interleukin-3-dependent cell line, Ba/F3, and the EPO-dependent growth characteristics of the stable transfectants were assayed. We identified two unique domains of the cytoplasmic tail. A membrane-proximal positive signal transduction domain of less than or equal to 103 amino acids, in a region highly similar to the interleukin-2 receptor beta chain, was sufficient for EPO-mediated signal transduction. A carboxy-terminal negative-control domain, a serine-rich region of approximately 40 amino acids, increased the EPO requirement for the Ba/F3 transfectants without altering EPO-R cell surface expression, affinity for EPO, receptor oligosaccharide processing, or receptor endocytosis. Truncation of this negative-control domain allowed the Ba/F3 transfectants to grow maximally in only 1 pM EPO, 1/10 the concentration required for growth of cells expressing the wild-type EPO-R. All truncated EPO-R mutants which retained the transmembrane region of the EPO-R polypeptide bound to the gp55 envelope protein of Friend spleen focus-forming virus. Only the functional EPO-R mutants were activated by the gp55, however, suggesting that gp55- and EPO-mediated signaling occur via a similar mechanism.