gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase II study of methotrexate, vincristine, pegylated‐asparaginase, and dexamethasone (<scp>MO</scp>p<scp>AD</scp>) in patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2014)

Newer approaches are needed for the treatment of relapsed and refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Asparaginase-based regimens are active in the treatment of pediatric ALL and may be important in salvage therapy for adult patients. We conducted a pilot trial combining methotrexate, vincristine, PEGylated-asparaginase, and dexamethasone (MOpAD) in adults with relapsed or refractory ALL. We added tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) ALL and rituximab in patients with CD20 positive B-cell ALL. Among 37 patients treated (median age 42 years; median 2 prior therapies), the complete remission (CR) rate was 28% and an overall response rate (ORR) was 39%. The median CR duration was 4.3 months. Patients with Ph+ ALL had CR and ORR of 50% and 67%, respectively and the CR and ORR in patients with T-cell leukemia were 45% and 56%, respectively. The median survival in patients with CR/CRp was 10.4 versus 3.4 months in nonresponders (P = 0.02). The most common grade 3 or 4 nonhematologic toxicities were elevations in bilirubin and transaminases, nausea, peripheral neuropathy, and hyperglycemia, which were managed with supportive care, dose adjustments, and interruptions.
Self-consistent analysis of high-temperature effects on InGaAsP/InP lasers (1999)

Abstract. We evaluate temperature effects on threshold current and slope efficiency of 1.55mm Fabry-Perot lasers between 20oC and 120oC. Experimental results are analyzed using the commercial laser simulator PICS3D. The software self-consistently combines two-dimensional carrier transport, heat flux, strained quantum well gain computation, and optical wave guiding with a longitudinal mode solver. All relevant physical mechanisms are considered, including their dependence on temperature and local carrier density. Careful adjustment of material parameters leads to an excellent agreement between simulation and measurements at all temperatures. At lower temperatures, Auger recombination controls the threshold current. At high temperatures, vertical electron leakage from the separate confinement layer mainly limits the laser performance. The increase of internal absorption is less important. However, all these carrier and photon loss enhancements with higher temperature are mainly triggered by the reduction of the optical gain. 1.
Localization for Autonomous Vehicles (2017)

There has been a huge interest in self-driving cars lately, which is understandable, given the improvements it is predicted to bring in terms of safety and comfort in transportation. One enabling technology for self-driving cars, is accurate and reliable localization. Without it, one would not be able to use map information for path planning, and instead be left to solely rely on sensor input, to figure out what the road ahead looks like. This thesis is focused on the problem of cost effective localization of self-driving cars, which fulfill accuracy and reliability requirements for safe operation. In an initial study, a car equipped with the sensors of an advanced driver-assistance system is analyzed with respect to its localization performance. It is found that although performance is acceptable in good conditions, it needs improvements to reach the level required for autonomous vehicles. The global navigational satellite system (GNSS) receiver, and the automotive camera system are found to not provide as good information as expected. This presents the opportunity to improve the solution, with only marginally increased cost, by utilizing the existing sensors better. A first improvement is regarding global navigational satellite systems (GNSS) receivers. A novel solution using time relative GNSS observations, is proposed. The proposed solution is tested on data from the DriveMe project in Göteborg, and found capable of providing highly accurate time-relative positioning without use of expensive dual frequency receivers, base stations, or complex solutions that require long convergence time. Error introduced over 30 seconds of driving is found to be less than 1 dm on average.A second improvement is regarding how to use more information from the vehicle mounted cameras, without needing extremely large maps that would be required if using traditional image feature descriptors. This should be realized while maintaining localization performance over an extended period of time, despite the challenge of large visual changes over the year. A novel localization solution based on semantic descriptors is proposed, and is shown to be superior to a solution using traditional image features in terms of size of map, at a certain accuracy level.
Dependency parsing with reference to Slovene, Spanish and Swedish (2006)

We describe a parser used in the CoNLL 2006 Shared Task, "Multingual Dependency Parsing." The parser first identifies syntactic dependencies and then labels those dependencies using a maximum entropy classifier. We consider the impact of feature engineering and the choice of machine learning algorithm, with particular focus on Slovene, Spanish and Swedish.
Simple engineering of hybrid cellulose nanocrystal–gold nanoparticles results in a functional glyconanomaterial with biomolecular recognition properties (2023)

Cellulose nanocrystal and gold nanoparticles are assembled, in a unique way, to yield a novel modular glyconanomaterial whose surface is then easily engineered with one or two different headgroups, by exploiting a robust click chemistry route. We demonstrate the potential of this approach by conjugating monosaccharide headgroups to the glyconanomaterial and show that the sugars retain their binding capability to C-type lectin receptors, as also directly visualized by cryo-TEM.
VITAGENE REGULATION AS A NEW STRATEGY TO FIGHT STRESSES IN POULTRY PRODUCTION (2017)

Commercial poultry production is associated with various stresses leading to decrease of productive and reproductive performance of growing chickens, parent birds and layers. In commercial poultry/animal production, there are four major types of stress: technological, environmental, nutritional and internal stresses. A growing body of evidence indicates that most of the stresses in poultry production at the cellular level are associated with oxidative stress due to excess of free radical production or inadequate antioxidant protection. The vitagene concept of fighting stresses emerged as a new direction in a nutritional research and it was successfully transferred from medical sciences to agricultural sciences, including poultry and pig production. In fact, vitagene regulation by nutritional means appeared as a new approach to realise a full potential of the body for adaptation to stress conditions in poultry/animal production. Therefore, the aim of the study was to test if supplementation of the vitagene-regulating antioxidant mixture (Magic Antistress Mix/PerforMax) with drinking water can improve broiler performance in stressful conditions of commercial chicken production. The experiment was conducted at the poultry farm AO Prodo Tumenskiy Broiler (Tumen region, Russia) in a special poultry house designed and equipped for conducting experimental trials and measuring growth parameters weekly. Twelve thousand and four hundred newly hatched Arbor Acres chicks were divided into two equal groups with four replicates in each group and placed in poultry house. The results confirmed the idea that using vitagene-regulating mixture with drinking water can improve chicken performance, including improvement in FCR (1.50 vs 1.56 in control) and vaccination efficacy, as shown by increased vaccination index by 40 %).
Designing the Masters of Engineering in Design Impact (2016)

This poster will present the ideation exercises designed and executed as part of the process of reenvisioning the Masters in Design degree at Stanford. Over the past year, four faculty members in the Design Group within the Department of Mechanical Engineering have sought input as part of this redesign effort. Input was collected from the Department, the Stanford community, and design education experts from around the world. A d.school approach was used to engage participants in exercises that diverged from and converged to potential program solutions. An qualitative discussion of the merits and shortcomings the exercises used will be presented. In general, it was important to find exercises where participants could find excitement and common ground, for example, sketching and sharing extraordinary education experiences. It was equally important to avoid exercises that were philosophical in nature, for example, discussing the meaning of design. The final output of the process is a Masters of Engineering in Design Impact, focused on applying design practices to rotating themes that have meaning and topical importance to the engineering community and Stanford community. It is a two-year degree, with the first year consisting of a structured curriculum and the second year to be structured largely by the student and their advisor, in support of the contribution to the program's themes. The first two themes, refreshed every three years, will be (1) Empathic Autonomy: Personalizing healthcare in the digital age; and (2) Empowering Power: Giving people control of their own resources.
The implementation of a novel walking interface within an immersive display (2010)

Locomotion interfaces pose a large challenge for designers of immersive virtual environments. While treadmills and other actuated interfaces can be integrated with spatial displays or head-mounted displays, they are expensive or they constrain walking to one direction. In this technical note we demonstrate the integration of a passive walking interface integrated with a CAVE <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">¿</sup> -like display. The Wizdish is a new concept for walking interfaces. Users wear low-friction shoes and ¿walk¿ on a dish-shaped apparatus. By tracking the feet and integrating a redirection algorithm we have constructed a locomotion interface that reproduces some aspects of walking whilst removing the need for the user to operate any hand-held controller.
Hybrid and cognitive digital twins for the process industry (2023)

Abstract In a Europe that is undergoing digital transformation, the COGNITWIN project is contributing to accelerate the transformation and introduce Industry 4.0 to the European process industries. The opportunities here can be illustrated by the SPIRE 2050 Vision document ( https://www.spire2030.eu/sites/default/files/users/user85/Vision_Document_V6_Pages_Online_0.pdf ), which states that “Digitalisation of process industries has a tremendous potential to dramatically accelerate change in resource management, process control and in the design and the deployment of disruptive new business models.” The process industries are characterized with harsh environments where sensors are either costly, not available, or may be subject to costly maintenance. The development of digital twins that can exploit the combinations of data-based and physics-based models is often found to be a preferred path to robust digital twins that can help cutting costs and reduce energy consumption. In this article, we present 5 out of 6 industrial pilots that are developed in the COGNITWIN project. We discuss the commonalities and differences between the selected approaches and give some ideas about how cognition can be incorporated into the digital twins. The aim of this article is to inspire similar projects in related industries.
Experimental high resolution study of the photoproduction of Ne<sup>+</sup>3p satellites in the threshold energy range (2003)

Cross sections for photon-induced production of Ne+ in the 2p4(3P)3p 2P, 4P, 2D, 2p4(1D)3s 2D and 2s2p6 2S states have been measured for energies between 52 eV and 55.5 eV. Linearly polarized undulator radiation with a bandwidth of 18 meV and 4.5 meV was used. The applied method of photon-induced fluorescence spectroscopy allows the measurement of the alignment A20 of the excited states with all fine structure components being resolved. Autoionization from doubly excited Rydberg states was observed as a dominating population mechanism, except for the 2p4(3P)3p 2PJ and the 2s2p6 2S1/2 states. These states are also populated directly, showing interference profiles in their cross section energy dependence. The remarkly direct population of the 2p4(3P)3p 2PJ states and the excitation of the 2p4(3P)3p 2P3/2,1/2 ns,nd Rydberg series can qualitatively be related to the 2p53p admixture of the Ne ground state. The measured alignment values allow an analysis of the photoelectron partial waves with respect to the dominating jel values. So far, no theoretical analysis has been carried out for comparison.
Interactive "immaterial" screen for performing arts (2006)

Various performing arts increasingly employ projection screens and other information displays as essential elements of the show. We present some possibilities and lessons learned for the interactiv, "immaterial" walk-through FogScreen in performing arts, analyze its suit for stage setups, and give some guidelines for show desig. We also describe our experiments on composing inter 3D graph for a FogScreen-based performance.
Performance of a Powder Lubricated Journal Bearing With WS2 Powder: Experimental Study (1996)

Abstract Previous investigations have demonstrated the principle and feasibility of quasi-hydrodynamic lubrication using powders. With conventional lubricants, the hydrodynamic behavior of a journal bearing can be summarized in the form of a plot of friction coefficient against a nondimensional load parameter, usually referred to as a Stribeck curve. One of the main features of the curve is that, as the thickness of the lubricant film increases, the friction coefficient initially decreases until it reaches a minimum and then increases due to shearing of the lubricant film. Previous tests on a three pad journal bearing using molybdenum disulfide powder as the lubricant showed that its friction/load characteristics followed the Stribeck form. The experimental work reported herein describes further tests carried out on a three-pad journal bearing to evaluate its thermal stability and long term wear characteristics using tungsten disulfide powder as the lubricant. Dry tungsten disulfide powder lubricant has been shown to provide excellent wear resistance. Its friction properties are similar to molybdenum disulfide but it can be used at much higher temperatures. Bearing tests were carried out at speeds up to 30,000 rpm and loads up to 236 N. Over the load/speed range stable thermal operation was achieved. From friction torque measurements it was found that the coefficient of friction for the bearing was essentially constant over the range of loads and speeds. Unlike liquids, powders have a limiting shear strength property. When the limiting shear stress is reached in a powder flow, the powder essentially shears along a plane and does not flow in a viscous manner. The constant friction coefficient seen with the tungsten disulfide powder suggests that the powder had a low limiting shear strength and that this dominated the operation of the bearing in the tests. The total accumulated test time was more than eighteen hours. Periodically, the test journal and bearing pads were inspected but there was no measurable wear or visible damage.
Ferromagnetic behavior of carbon nanospheres encapsulating silver nanoparticles (2006)

We report on the structure and magnetic properties of a silver and carbon nanocomposite. The as-synthesized nanocomposite consists of a matte-black powder composed of Ag nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon nanospheres ($\ensuremath{\sim}10\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ diameter) that are interconnected in necklace-like structures. Magnetic measurements of the Ag and C nanocomposite, in its powder form, showed weak ferromagnetic behavior up to at least room temperature with a coercive field of $389\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Oe}$ at $2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ and $103\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Oe}$ at $300\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, from which we estimate magnetic ordering up to $425\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. However, pressing the $\mathrm{Ag}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{C}$ powder samples into tablets suppressed the ferromagnetism; the pressed samples instead exhibited diamagnetic behavior. Chemical analysis with EDS and trace metal analysis with ICP-MS indicated that there are no magnetic contaminants in the sample. Therefore, we attribute the ferromagnetism to the carbon nanospheres and propose a model for the observed magnetism. We also measured a pronounced peak in the magnetization between 50 and $90\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ that was completely suppressed when measurements were made upon cooling; we attribute this peak to a first-order spin reorientation.
Laser autofocusing system for high‐resolution cell biological imaging (2006)

Automated acquisition of high resolution, light microscope images of cells is becoming a common requirement in modern proteomic and cellomic research. A prerequisite for such microscopy is fine focus tuning, commonly optimized by multiple exposures, followed by image sharpness analysis. We describe here an extremely fast and accurate laser autofocusing system with distinct advantages for large-scale cell-based screening.
Genetic relationship in the ‘<i>Bacillus cereus</i>group’ by rep-PCR fingerprinting and sequencing of a<i>Bacillus anthracis</i>-specific rep-PCR fragment (2003)

rep-PCR fingerprinting can make a contribution in the clarification of the genetic relationships between the species of the B. cereus group.
Synthesis and Hybridization Properties of Oligodeoxynucleotides with Long‐Chain Linkers (2007)

Abstract New oligonucleotides with a long‐chain linker (6,9‐dioxa‐3,12‐diazatetradecane‐1,14‐diyl) in their backbone were synthesized, and their hybridization properties were studied by measurement of their T m curves and fluorescence spectra. The T m analyses revealed that these oligonucleotides could bind to their complementary strands despite the presence of the long‐chain linker. We also demonstrated interesting fluorescence properties of oligodeoxynucleotides with an anthracen‐9‐ylmethyl group on one of the two N‐atoms in the long‐chain linker. The fluorescence intensity of these oligonucleotides increased upon their hybridization to the complementary strands and was sensitive to the presence of the mismatch base pairs at a specific position.
Divided Attention: Unsupervised Multi-Object Discovery with Contextually Separated Slots (2023)

We investigate the emergence of objects in visual perception in the absence of any semantic annotation. The resulting model has received no supervision, does not use any pre-trained features, and yet it can segment the domain of an image into multiple independently moving regions. The resulting motion segmentation method can handle an unknown and varying number of objects in real-time. The core multi-modal conditional encoder-decoder architecture has one modality (optical flow) feed the encoder to produce a collection of latent codes (slots), and the other modality (color image) conditions the decoder to generate the first modality (flow) from the slots. The training criterion is designed to foster 'information separation' among the slots, while the architecture explicitly allocates activations to individual slots, leading to a method we call Divided Attention (DivA). At test time, DivA handles a different number of objects and different image resolution than seen at training, and is invariant to permutations of the slots. DivA achieves state-of-the-art performance while tripling the runtime speed of comparable methods, up to 104 FPS, and reduces the performance gap from supervised methods to 12% or less. Objects bootstrapped by DivA can then be used to prime static classifiers via contrastive learning. On fewer than 5,000 video clips, training DINO on DivA's object proposals narrows the performance gap to ImageNet-based training by up to 30.2% compared to training directly on the video frames.
APOE4 drives inflammation in human astrocytes via TAGLN3 repression and NF-κB activation (2022)

Apolipoprotein E4 (APOEε4) is the major allelic risk factor for late-onset sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). Inflammation is increasingly considered as critical in sAD initiation and progression. Identifying brain molecular mechanisms that could bridge these two risk factors remain unelucidated. Leveraging induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based strategies, we demonstrate that APOE controls inflammation in human astrocytes by regulating Transgelin 3 (TAGLN3) expression and, ultimately, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation. We uncover that APOE4 specifically downregulates TAGLN3, involving histone deacetylases activity, which results in low-grade chronic inflammation and hyperactivated inflammatory responses. We show that APOE4 exerts a dominant negative effect to prime astrocytes toward a pro-inflammatory state that is pharmacologically reversible by TAGLN3 supplementation. We further confirm that TAGLN3 is downregulated in the brain of patients with sAD. Our findings highlight the APOE-TAGLN3-NF-κB axis regulating neuroinflammation in human astrocytes and reveal TAGLN3 as a molecular target to modulate neuroinflammation, as well as a potential biomarker for AD.
Quantitative Measure of Hydrophobicity:  Experiment and Theory (1997)

The strength of the forces between bubbles of various hydrophobic gases is determined by monitoring the coalescence rate of bubbles. A theory is formulated to elucidate the role of hydrophobicity in the rupture of the film between two hydrophobic surfaces and to develop thereby a first-principles parameter for the strength of hydrophobic forces. The theory is shown to be in quantitative agreement with the experimental data. On the basis of these results, it is demonstrated that the vacuum is the most hydrophobic “solute” possible.
Evolution of Hydrophilic Lens Fitting in Australia* (1975)

The availability of materials suitable for lathe cut manufacturing has provided the Australian contact lens practitioner with an excellent opportunity to research and fit hydrophilic lenses. Generally the trend has been to fit smaller and thinner or aspheric lenses and Hydron has been the most widely used material.
A fiber-optic autocollimation refractometric method for dispersion measurement of bulk optical materials using a widely tunable fiber Raman laser (1996)

A simple and highly sensitive fiber-optic autocollimation method for refractive-index dispersion measurement of solid-state and liquid bulk optical materials is presented. The method is based on the use of a double-pass multimode fiber Raman laser which generates widely tunable emission in a broadband (0.54-1.01 /spl mu/m) continuous spectral range at pumping with the second harmonic of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The optical fiber is used in a specific multifunctional regime where, because of its micrometric core dimensions, it serves simultaneously as a point laser source for the formation of a collimated input emission, as a highly sensitive receiver of the autocollimation backreflectance, and as a medium for nonlinear frequency conversion and generation of a broad-band continuum spectrum. The experimental results obtained in the refractive-index dispersion measurements are fitted to the Sellmeier dispersion equation and used to determine the material dispersion and additional dispersive characteristics of the test optical material.