gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Suppression of HTLV-III/LAV Infectivity by a Combination of Acyclovir and Suramin (1986)

Journal Article In Vitro Suppression of HTLV-III/LAV Infectivity by a Combination of Acyclovir and Suramin Get access Lionel Resnick, Lionel Resnick Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and the Department of Cell Biology, Litton Bionetics, Kensington, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Phillip D. Markham, Phillip D. Markham Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and the Department of Cell Biology, Litton Bionetics, Kensington, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Keith Veren, Keith Veren Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and the Department of Cell Biology, Litton Bionetics, Kensington, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. Zaki Salahuddin, S. Zaki Salahuddin Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and the Department of Cell Biology, Litton Bionetics, Kensington, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert C. Gallo Robert C. Gallo Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and the Department of Cell Biology, Litton Bionetics, Kensington, Maryland Please address requests for reprints to Dr. Robert C. Gallo, Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20205. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 154, Issue 6, December 1986, Pages 1027–1030, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/154.6.1027 Published: 01 December 1986 Article history Received: 07 March 1986 Revision received: 27 June 1986 Published: 01 December 1986
Modified PIC in MC-CDMA systems (2004)

In this paper, we propose a modified parallel interference cancellation (PIC) approach for MC-CDMA systems. Compared with conventional PIC, modified PIC can improve BER performance at lower number of subchannels in both downlink and uplink channels and has the same performance as conventional PIC when the number of subchannels is sufficiently large. Modified PIC also has reduced implementation complexity in the uplink scenarios.
Characterization of Neutralizing Sites in the Second Variable and Fourth Variable Region in gp125 and a Conserved Region in gp36 of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (1999)

Several determinants of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been suggested to harbor sites important for neutralization. The third variable region (V3) of the envelope glycoprotein (gp) is an important neutralizing determinant for both serotypes of HIV. The localization of additional neutralizing regions is an urgent task because the virus appears to mutate to phenotypes that escape neutralizing antibodies. Therefore, we have focused on the possibility of finding other immunodominant regions in the envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2). By immunization of guinea pigs with peptides corresponding to different selected regions of gp125 and gp36, we have found three antigenic determinants located in the V2 and V4 regions of the envelope protein gp125, and one region in the glycoprotein gp36, which are important for human antibody binding and also as targets for neutralization. The peptide representing the V2 region had the most pronounced capacity to induce neutralizing anti-HIV-2 antibodies in guinea pigs. Neutralizing activity was also detected in an antipeptide guinea pig sera representing a linear site in gp36, amino acids 644-658. A substitution set of peptides representing the conserved antigenic site in the central part of gp36 was used to identify the role of individual amino acids important for human antibody binding.
Refractometric sensing with fluorescent-core microcapillaries (2011)

Capillaries present a promising structure for microfluidic refractive index sensors. We demonstrate a capillary-type fluorescent core microcavity sensor based on whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonances. The device consists of a microcapillary having a layer of fluorescent silicon quantum dots (QDs) coated on the channel surface. The high effective index of the QD layer confines the electric field near the capillary channel and causes the development of WGM resonances in the fluorescence spectrum. Solutions consisting of sucrose dissolved in water were pumped through the capillary while the fluorescence WGMs were measured with a spectrometer. The device showed a refractometric sensitivity of 9.8 nm/RIU (up to 13.8 nm/RIU for higher solution refractive index) and a maximum detection limit of ~7.2 x 10(-3) RIU. Modeling the field inside the capillary structure, which is analogous to a layered hollow ring resonator, shows that sensitivities as high as 100 nm/RIU and detection limits as low as ~10(-5) RIU may be achievable by optimizing the QD film thickness.
[Appropriate extent of lymphadenectomy in esophageal cancer]. (2001)

Because of the high frequency and widespread distribution of lymph node metastasis in esophageal cancer, three-field dissection was introduced in the early 1980s. Although improvement in the long-term survival rate of patients who undergo three-field dissection has been reported, the clinical significance of cervical lymphadenectomy is still controversial because the effect of improved upper-mediastinal lymphadenectomy in these patients cannot be excluded. Recently, the sentinel node (SN) concept has been validated in gastrointestinal cancers including esophageal cancer using the radio-guided method. Aberrant drainage routes from the primary lesion have frequently been observed in esophageal cancer and are detectable by radio-guided SN mapping. SN navigation is useful to identify SNs as the functional first basin to evaluate the regional lymph node status and to determine the indications for extensive lymphadenectomy in patients with esophageal cancer. Individualized surgical management of patients with esophageal cancer is essential to improve the quality of life of patients and long-term results.
Characterization of Polymer-Silica Nanocomposite Particles with Core–Shell Morphologies using Monte Carlo Simulations and Small Angle X-ray Scattering (2011)

A two-population model based on standard small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) equations is verified for the analysis of core-shell structures comprising spherical colloidal particles with particulate shells. First, Monte Carlo simulations of core-shell structures are performed to demonstrate the applicability of the model. Three possible shell packings are considered: ordered silica shells due to either charge-dependent repulsive or size-dependent Lennard-Jones interactions or randomly arranged silica particles. In most cases, the two-population model produces an excellent fit to calculated SAXS patterns for the simulated core-shell structures, together with a good correlation between the fitting parameters and structural parameters used for the simulation. The limits of application are discussed, and then, this two-population model is applied to the analysis of well-defined core-shell vinyl polymer/silica nanocomposite particles, where the shell comprises a monolayer of spherical silica nanoparticles. Comprehensive SAXS analysis of a series of poly(styrene-co-n-butyl acrylate)/silica colloidal nanocomposite particles (prepared by the in situ emulsion copolymerization of styrene and n-butyl acrylate in the presence of a glycerol-functionalized silica sol) allows the overall core-shell particle diameter, the copolymer latex core diameter and polydispersity, the mean silica shell thickness, the mean silica diameter and polydispersity, the volume fractions of the two components, the silica packing density, and the silica shell structure to be obtained. These experimental SAXS results are consistent with electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, thermogravimetry, helium pycnometry, and BET surface area studies. The high electron density contrast between the (co)polymer and the silica components, together with the relatively low polydispersity of these core-shell nanocomposite particles, makes SAXS ideally suited for the characterization of this system. Moreover, these results can be generalized for other types of core-shell colloidal particles.
Lung cancer in Hodgkin's disease: association with previous radiotherapy. (1985)

Seven cases of lung cancer were observed in patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) since 1970. The risk ratio for the development of lung cancer among HD patients was 5.6 times that expected in the general population. The pertinent clinical data from these patients are described and compared to 28 additional patients reported from other institutions. Small-cell lung cancer represented the predominant histologic type of lung cancer encountered in both smoking and nonsmoking patients with HD, accounting for 42% of cases overall and greater than 55% of cases reported in reviews of second malignancies. Tobacco use was noted in only 53% of patients. Twenty-eight (94%) of 30 patients developing metachronous lung cancer received supradiaphragmatic irradiation as primary therapy for HD. Nineteen (68%) of these patients received subsequent chemotherapy salvage. The median age at diagnosis of HD and lung cancer was 39 and 45 years, respectively. The interval between diagnosis of HD and metachronous lung cancer averaged seven years but appeared to vary inversely with age. HD patients treated with supradiaphragmatic irradiation or combined modality therapy may be at increased risk for developing lung cancer. The high frequency of in-field malignancies that we observed and the prevalence of small-cell lung cancer in both smoking and nonsmoking patients suggests that chest irradiation may influence the development of metachronous lung cancer in these patients. The finding of a mean latent interval in excess of seven years emphasizes the need for close long-term observation.
Sequence specific carbon-13 NMR assignment of non-protonated carbons in [d(TAGCGCTA)]2 using proton detection (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSequence specific carbon-13 NMR assignment of non-protonated carbons in [d(TAGCGCTA)]2 using proton detectionJoseph Ashcroft, Steven R. LaPlante, Philip N. Borer, and David CowburnCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 1, 363–365Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00183a054Request reuse permissions Your access to this publication has been provided by Learn MoreArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (375 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Effects of increase in extracellular calcium on frequency-dependent inotropism in cardiac muscle. (1985)

Frequency-dependent effects on contractility in isolated rabbit papillary muscles were compared at different calcium concentrations ranging between 1 and 12.5 mM. Increase in extracellular calcium up to 3 mM resulted in an increase in the frequency-dependent positive inotropy. A further increase in extracellular calcium, up to 5 mM, brought about a quantitative decrease in the frequency-dependent positive inotropy. Still higher concentrations of extracellular calcium, 7.5 and 12.5 mM, altogether abolished the frequency-dependent increase in contractility. The latter at these concentrations of calcium was rather depressed in response to frequency increases. These characteristic changes in the frequency-dependent inotropism at different extracellular calcium concentrations may have been due to the occurrence of a moderate to severe intracellular calcium overload. It is suggested that heart function in certain cardiac diseases, associated with intracellular calcium overload, may not improve with an increase in heart rate.
A New Modeling Scheme of Satellite Ephemeris and Clock Errors for Korean WADGPS Test Bed (2008)

This paper presents alternative modeling schemes for
satellite-induced errors of GPS including ephemeris and
clock errors which can be applied to an implementation of
a wide area differential system in such a small area like
the Korean region. We also discuss an estimation process
based on Kalman filtering using the proposed error
models. We propose alternative correction generation
algorithms which are basically based on the extended
Kalman filtering. For the time propagation, we propose
two types of the error dynamics model. One is to model
satellite-induced errors as sinusoidal periodic functions.
For this purpose, we analyze the properties of the errors
using broadcast ephemerides and IGS (International
GNSS Service) precise orbits. The other is to use satellite
orbit dynamics which are the core elements of precise
orbit determination (POD). However, our scheme is
different from the POD because we just use them to
construct the error dynamics model for the time
propagation process.
We analyze the performance of the proposed schemes by
simulations using real-data. To analyze the satelliteinduced
errors separated from the other error sources and
to make the simulations become more realistic, we
generate the simulated data using broadcast ephemerides
and IGS precise orbits. The analysis results show that the
proposed algorithms can be successfully applied to the
correction generation for WADGPS in Korean region.
Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Molecule Having Acridane and Cyanobenzene Units (2016)

Highly efficient blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials consisting of 9,9-diphenylacridan and benzonitrile units were developed. We found that placing 9,9-diphenylacridan in the ortho-position of benzonitrile enhanced the TADF process compared with results from meta- and para-substituted derivatives. We observed blue TADF emission with a high photoluminescence quantum yield (80%) and a high reverse intersystem crossing rate constant (1.2 × 106 s−1) for 2,6-bis(9,9-diphenylacridan-10(9H)-yl)benzonitrile (o-A2CN). An organic light-emitting diode fabricated using o-A2CN as an emitter showed good blue emission (CIEx, CIEy = 0.16, 0.16) with high external electroluminescence quantum efficiency (15.9%).
A Primary Evaluation of Potential Small‐Molecule Inhibitors of the Astacin Metalloproteinase Ovastacin, a Novel Drug Target in Female Infertility Treatment (2020)

Despite huge progress in hormonal therapy and improved in vitro fertilization methods, the success rates in infertility treatment are still limited. A recently discovered mechanism revealed the interplay between the plasma protein fetuin-B and the cortical granule-based proteinase ovastacin to be a novel key mechanism in the regulation of fertilization. Upon sperm-egg fusion, cleavage of a distinct zona pellucida component by ovastacin destroys the sperm receptor, enhances zona robustness, and eventually provides a definitive block against polyspermy. An untimely onset of this zona hardening prior to fertilization would consequently result in infertility. Physiologically, this process is controlled by fetuin-B, an endogenous ovastacin inhibitor. Here we aimed to discover small-molecule inhibitors of ovastacin that could mimic the effect of fetuin-B. These compounds could be useful lead structures for the development of specific ovastacin inhibitors that can be used in infertility treatment or in vitro fertilization.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Hydrophosphanation of 1‐Vinylimidazoles with Secondary Phosphanes: A Straightforward Atom‐Economic Route to Tertiary Phosphanes with Imidazolyl Substituents. (2011)

Abstract Free radical addition of secondary phosphanes to 1‐vinylimidazoles proceeds under UV irradiation or in the presence of AIBN to give the anti‐Markovnikov adducts regioselectively.
Local bi‐planar gradient array design using conformal mapping and simulated annealing (2009)

Abstract Many magnetic resonance imaging applications require high spatial and temporal resolution. The improved gradient performance required to achieve high spatial and temporal resolution may be achieved by using local gradient coils such as planar gradient inserts. The planar gradient set provides higher gradient performance because it is placed inside of the imaging bore of the magnet (within the body gradients) in close proximity to the imaging region. Although the wire patterns for planar gradients can be designed using two dimensional stream functions and simulated annealing, optimization of the two dimensional stream functions can be much more computationally intensive and time consuming than optimizing the one dimensional stream functions required for cylindrical gradients. To address this problem, we have developed a simple and rapid method for the design of planar gradient inserts to produce a high strength local gradient field and a reasonably uniform imaging region. By using conformal mapping, the two dimensional problem can be simplified to a faster and more easily calculated one dimensional problem. The mapping transforms the magnetic field and wire patterns in the cylindrical system into a magnetic field and wire patterns in the bi‐planar geometry providing a tool for bi‐planar gradient coil design using a one dimensional stream function. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 35B: 23–31, 2009
High-Throughput Sequencing of Campylobacter jejuni Insertion Mutant Libraries Reveals mapA as a Fitness Factor for Chicken Colonization (2014)

Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of gastrointestinal infections worldwide, due primarily to its ability to asymptomatically colonize the gastrointestinal tracts of agriculturally relevant animals, including chickens. Infection often occurs following consumption of meat that was contaminated by C. jejuni during harvest. Because of this, much interest lies in understanding the mechanisms that allow C. jejuni to colonize the chicken gastrointestinal tract. To address this, we generated a C. jejuni transposon mutant library that is amenable to insertion sequencing and introduced this mutant pool into day-of-hatch chicks. Following deep sequencing of C. jejuni mutants in the cecal outputs, several novel factors required for efficient colonization of the chicken gastrointestinal tract were identified, including the predicted outer membrane protein MapA. A mutant strain lacking mapA was constructed and found to be significantly reduced for chicken colonization in both competitive infections and monoinfections. Further, we found that mapA is required for in vitro competition with wild-type C. jejuni but is dispensable for growth in monoculture.
A new formalism for the quantification of tissue perfusion by the destruction-replenishment method in contrast ultrasound imaging (2006)

A new formalism is presented for the destruction-replenishment perfusion quantification approach at low mechanical index. On the basis of physical considerations, best-fit methods should be applied using perfusion functions with S-shape characteristics. These functions are first described for the case of a geometry with a single flow velocity, then extended to the case of vascular beds with blood vessels having multiple flow velocity values and directions. The principles guiding the analysis are, on one hand, a linearization of video echo signals to overcome the log-compression of the imaging instrument, and, on the other hand, the spatial distribution of the transmit-receive ultrasound beam in the elevation direction. An in vitro model also is described; it was used to confirm experimentally the validity of the approach using a commercial contrast agent. The approach was implemented in the form of a computer program, taking as input a sequence of contrast-specific images, as well as parameters related to the ultrasound imaging equipment used. The generated output is either flow-parameter values computed in regions-of-interest, or parametric flow-images (e.g., mean velocity, mean transit time, mean flow, flow variance, or skewness). This approach thus establishes a base for extracting information about the morphology of vascular beds in vivo, and could allow absolute quantification provided that appropriate instrument calibration is implemented.
ON-LINE ESTIMATION OF RESPIRATION AND FERMENTATION RATES IN CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE FACILITIES (2003)

This paper presents an algorithm for estimation of respiration and fermentation rates in CA-stores under normal operation, which can be used for: • Monitoring the product state • Control of respiration and fermentation rates • Detection of anaerobic conditions All published estimation methods require either a steady state flow-through or a batch respiration chamber. For implementation in full-scale storage facilities the estimator must be able to handle both situations and especially the more difficult non-steady state flow-through condition. To our knowledge, the only attention for monitoring respiration rate in full-scale storage facilities is a proposal by Janssens et al. (1995). In this study a Kalman Filter is designed to estimate the respiration and fermentation rates recursively. The results are compared to calculated respiration and fermentation rates. The rates of respiration and fermentation estimated from the O2 and CO2-balances converge to their calculated values. Experiments are currently carried out and results will come available in the oncoming months.
Endophytic Fungi—Alternative Sources of Cytotoxic Compounds: A Review (2018)

Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide, with an increasing number of cases being reported annually. The elevated rate of mortality necessitates a global challenge to explore newer sources of anticancer drugs. Recent advancements in cancer treatment involve the discovery and development of new and improved chemotherapeutics derived from natural or synthetic sources. Natural sources offer the potential of finding new structural classes with unique bioactivities for cancer therapy. Endophytic fungi represent a rich source of bioactive metabolites that can be manipulated to produce desirable novel analogs for chemotherapy. This review offers a current and integrative account of clinically used anticancer drugs such as taxol, podophyllotoxin, camptothecin, and vinca alkaloids in terms of their mechanism of action, isolation from endophytic fungi and their characterization, yield obtained, and fungal strain improvement strategies. It also covers recent literature on endophytic fungal metabolites from terrestrial, mangrove, and marine sources as potential anticancer agents and emphasizes the findings for cytotoxic bioactive compounds tested against specific cancer cell lines.