gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modèle de graphe et modèle de langue pour la reconnaissance de scènes visuelles (2010)

Dans cet article, nous decrivons une methode pour utiliser un modele de langue sur des graphes pour la recherche et la categorisation d’images. Nous utilisons des regions d’images (associees automatiquement a des concepts visuels), ainsi que des relations spatiales entre ces regions, lors de la construction de la representation sous forme de graphe des images. Notre methode gere differents scenarios, selon que des images isolees ou groupees sont utilisees comme base d’apprentissage ou de test. Les resultats obtenus sur un probleme de categorisation d’images montrent (a) que la procedure automatique qui associe les concepts a une image est efficace, et (b) que l’utilisation des relations spatiales, en plus des concepts, permet d’ameliorer la qualite de la classification. Cette approche presente donc une extension du modele de langue classique en recherche d’information pour traiter le probleme de recherche et de categorisation d’images non annotees, representees par des graphes.
Model-based monitoring for early warning flood detection (2008)

Predictive environmental sensor networks provide complex engineering and systems challenges. These systems must withstand the event of interest, remain functional over long time periods when no events occur, cover large geographical regions of interest to the event, and support the variety of sensor types needed to detect the phenomenon. Prediction of the phenomenon on the network complicates the system further, requiring additional computation on themicrocontrollers and utilizing prediction models that are not typically designed for sensor networks. This paper describes a system architecture and deployment to meet the design requirements and to allow model-driven control, thereby optimizing the prediction capability of the system. We explore the application of river flood prediction using this architecture, describing our work on a centralized form of the prediction model, network implementation, component testing and infrastructure development in Honduras, deployment on a river in Massachusetts, and results of the field experiments. Our system uses only a small number of nodes to cover basins of 1000-10000 square km2 using an unique heterogeneous communication structure to provide real-time sensed data, incorporating self-monitoring for failure, and adapting measurement schedules to capture events of interest.
Endoscopic off-pump aortic valve replacement: does the pericardial cuff improve the sutureless closure of left ventricular access? (2006)

Objective: Off-pump trans left ventricular approach provides more precise deployment of stented aortic valve of any size with respect to the endovascular replacement. One of the key steps of this procedure is the ventricle repair after catheter withdrawing. We designed an animal study to compare the consistency of a sutureless repair of the left ventricle access using nitinol occluder with and without pericardial cuff on the ventricular side. Methods: Material description: The Amplatz-nitinol occluder consists of two square heads squeezing ventricle wall in between them, sealing the defect. To improve its sealing property, a pericardial patch was sutured to the ventricular head of the occluder. Animal study setup: In adult pigs, a 30F sheath was inserted into the epigastric area through the cardiac apex, up to the left ventricle, simulating the approach for off-pump aortic valve replacement. The sheath was then removed and the ventricle closed with standard occluder in half of the animals, and cuffed occluder in the other half. Animals were followed-up for 3 h, collecting haemodynamics data and pericardial bleeding. Results: Device was successfully deployed in 12 animals in less than 1 min. In the group where the standard occluder was used, bleeding during the deployment was 80 AE 20 ml and after the deployment was 800 AE 20 ml over 3 h. In the group where the cuffed occluder was used, bleeding during the deployment was 85 AE 20 ml and after the deployment was 100 AE 5 ml over 3 h. In the cuffed group, bleeding was significantly lower than the standard group, p-value being <0.001. Conclusions: The occluder is easy to use and the pericardial cuff dramatically increases its efficacy as demonstrated by a significant reduction of blood loss. The cuffed occluder opens the way for endoscopic, off-pump, transventricular aortic valve replacement.
Subversion of actin dynamics by EspM effectors of attaching and effacing bacterial pathogens (2008)

Rho GTPases are common targets of bacterial toxins and type III secretion system effectors. IpgB1 and IpgB2 of Shigella and Map of enteropathogenic (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) Escherichia coli were recently grouped together on the basis that they share a conserved WxxxE motif. In this study, we characterized six WxxxE effectors from attaching and effacing pathogens: TrcA and EspM1 of EPEC strain B171, EspM1 and EspM2 of EHEC strain Sakai and EspM2 and EspM3 of Citrobacter rodentium. We show that EspM2 triggers formation of global parallel stress fibres, TrcA and EspM1 induce formation of localized parallel stress fibres and EspM3 triggers formation of localized radial stress fibres. Using EspM2 and EspM3 as model effectors, we report that while substituting the conserved Trp with Ala abolished activity, conservative Trp to Tyr or Glu to Asp substitutions did not affect stress-fibre formation. We show, using dominant negative constructs and chemical inhibitors, that the activity of EspM2 and EspM3 is RhoA and ROCK-dependent. Using Rhotekin pull-downs, we have shown that EspM2 and EspM3 activate RhoA; translocation of EspM2 and EspM3 triggered phosphorylation of cofilin. These results suggest that the EspM effectors modulate actin dynamics by activating the RhoA signalling pathway.
Root initiated routing state in RPL (1999)

This document enables a RPL Root to install and maintain Projected
Routes within its DODAG, along a selected set of nodes that may or may
not include self, for a chosen duration. This potentially enables
routes that are more optimized or resilient than those obtained with
the classical distributed operation of RPL, either in terms of the
size of a source-route header or in terms of path length, which
impacts both the latency and the packet delivery ratio. Projected
Routes may be installed in either Storing and Non-Storing Modes
Instances of the classical RPL operation, resulting in potentially
hybrid situations where the mode of some Projected Routes is different
from that of the other routes in the RPL Instance.
Behavioral model synthesis with Cones (1988)

The Cones synthesis system for automatic generation of VLSI implementations is discussed. Named for the cones in sequential logic, Cones takes behavioral models written in C and produces gate-level implementations in technologies such as standard cells and programmable logic arrays or programmable logic devices. The overall design is produced faster, more efficiently, and with fewer errors. Designers are free to concentrate on functions, instead of on the details of the implementation technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Liquid metal/metal oxide frameworks with incorporated Ga2O3 for photocatalysis (2015)

Solvothermally synthesized Ga2O3 nanoparticles are incorporated into liquid metal/metal oxide (LM/MO) frameworks in order to form enhanced photocatalytic systems. The LM/MO frameworks, both with and without incorporated Ga2O3 nanoparticles, show photocatalytic activitydue to a plasmonic effect where performance is related to the loading of Ga2O3 nanoparticles. Optimum photocatalytic efficiency is obtained with 1 wt% incorporation of Ga2O3 nanoparticles. This can be attributed to the sub-bandgap states of LM/MO frameworks, contributing to pseudo-ohmic contacts which reduce the free carrier injection barrier to Ga2O3.
Triggering of neuronal cell death by accumulation of activated SEK1 on nuclear polyglutamine aggregations in PML bodies (1999)

This study provides molecular links between the neurodegeneration observed in polyglutamine diseases, cell death signalling kinase cascades and nuclear subdomains related to cell death. We propose that the nuclear PML bodies containing polyglutamine aggregates activate the SEK1-JNK kinase cascade, resulting in the transduction of a death signal.
A Possible Freshness Marker for Royal Jelly: Formation of 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde as a Function of Storage Temperature and Time (2015)

In this article we present a study of the variability of the concentration of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (HMF) in natural royal jelly (RJ) as a function of its storage temperature (-18, 4, and 25 °C) and time (up to 9 months after harvesting). For this work HMF is evaluated using an RP-HPLC method we previously assessed. While all RJ samples stored at 4 and -18 °C always showed levels of HMF under the limit of detection (0.13 mg kg(-1)), samples kept at 25 °C showed an exponential increase in the concentration of HMF as a function of the storage time. This behavior and a number of desirable features of the analytical method used (ease of use in routine laboratories, availability of a complete validation protocol specifically developed for RJ, based on consolidated chemical knowledge) allow us to hypothesize the use of HMF as a possible, reliable freshness marker for RJ.
Innovative Converter Testing Technology and Overall Reliability and Availability Performance of HVDC Solutions (2021)

A highly experienced level of quality testing capabilities for HVDC converters is one of the key pre-requisites in guaranteeing operational reliability and availability of HVDC transmission schemes. In this paper we combine both aspects by introducing the testing capabilities of a newly installed Power Converter Test Center together with an overview of reliability and availability of HVDC projects in operation.
Xeno- and Feeder-Free Differentiation of Human iPSCs to Trabecular Meshwork-Like Cells by Recombinant Cytokines (2021)

The new approach minimizes the risks from contamination and also improves the differentiation efficiency and consistency, which are particularly crucial for clinical use of stem cells in glaucoma treatment.
Milk fat fractionation by solid‐layer melt crystallization (1999)

Abstract The layer crystallization process has the potential to produce the same milk fat fractions as can be obtained by the suspension crystallization process. That is, milk fat fractions with solid fat content melting profiles similar to those obtained by suspension fractionation can be produced with this technique. The fatty acid profiles as well as the melting enthalpies of the different fractions confirm the separation of milk fat by the layer technique. Furthermore, there is potential to improve the results of separation presented in the first part of this paper. The two sources of improvement, temperature control of the process and controlled nucleation, lead to (i) a smooth crystalline layer with a low amount of entrapped mother liquor, contrary to the layers composed of agglomerated needles, and (ii) a good quality of attachment of the crystalline layer to the cooled surface. Moreover, the product quality can be increased using sweating as a postcrystallization step. “Sweating by warm gas” seems to have a better outlook concerning handling and controlling the process than “sweating by warm tube” because sloughing of the crystal layers can be avoided. Further investigations of the mass ratio of sweating fraction and amount of product as well as the aspect of energy consumption will determine the technical feasibility of solid‐layer crystallization for fractionation of milk fat.
Silicon photonic devices for mid‐infrared applications (2013)

Abstract The mid‐infrared (IR) wavelength region (2–20 µm) is of great interest for a number of applications, including trace gas sensing, thermal imaging, and free‐space communications. Recently, there has been significant progress in developing a mid‐IR photonics platform in Si, which is highly transparent in the mid‐IR, due to the ease of fabrication and CMOS compatibility provided by the Si platform. Here, we discuss our group’s recent contributions to the field of silicon‐based mid‐IR photonics, including photonic crystal cavities in a Si membrane platform and grating‐coupled high‐quality factor ring resonators in a silicon‐on‐sapphire (SOS) platform. Since experimental characterization of microphotonic devices is especially challenging at the mid‐IR, we also review our mid‐IR characterization techniques in some detail. Additionally, pre‐ and post‐processing techniques for improving device performance, such as resist reflow, Piranha clean/HF dip cycling, and annealing are discussed.
Role of Solvent Coordination on the Structure and Dynamics of <i>ansa</i>-Zirconocenium Ion Pairs in Aromatic Hydrocarbons (2022)

The solution structure and dynamics of three prototypical bis-indenyl ansa-zirconocenium methyl cations (Me2Si(2-methyl-4-phenyl-6-tert-butylindenyl)2ZrMe+, [1Me]+; Me2Si(2,4-dimethylindenyl)2ZrMe+, [2Me]+; Me2Si(indenyl)2ZrMe+, [3Me]+) paired with the weakly coordinating B(C6F5)4– anion have been investigated by NMR spectroscopy in aromatic hydrocarbons with different polarities (toluene, εr = 2.38; chlorobenzene, εr = 5.69; 1,2-difluorobenzene (ODFB), εr = 13.38). These highly electrophilic cations are stabilized by solvent coordination, as evidenced by the unequivocal identification of [1Me·C7H8]+B(C6F5)4–, a rare example of a toluene-stabilized ion pair that has been fully characterized in solution. Combining spectroscopic and DFT methods allowed us to evaluate how solvent coordination modulates the dynamic processes typical of this class of catalysts. An exchange between the two faces of coordinated toluene (face inversion, FI) occurs without solvent decomplexation (ΔH⧧FI = 14.6 kcal mol–1; ΔS⧧FI = 3 cal mol–1 K–1; ΔG⧧FI(298) = 13.7 kcal mol–1) and is about 20 times faster than the exchange between coordinated and free solvent (solvent decomplexation, SD, ΔH⧧SD = 17.9 kcal mol–1; ΔS⧧SD = 10 cal mol–1 K–1; ΔG⧧SD(298) = 14.9 kcal mol–1) and ion pair symmetrization (IPS, ΔH⧧IPS = 18.6 kcal mol–1; ΔS⧧IPS = 12 cal mol–1 K–1; ΔG⧧IPS(298) = 14.9 kcal mol–1). For the ion pairs [1–3Me·solvent]+B(C6F5)4–, IPS rate constants (kIPS) do not correlate with the solvent polarity (kIPS(ODFB) > kIPS(toluene) > kIPS(chlorobenzene)). For the more coordinating toluene and chlorobenzene solvents, ΔG⧧IPS nicely tracks with the amount of positive charge at the metal, increasing as the positive charge increases (qZrMe2,CM5; 1Me2 > 3Me2 > 2Me2). In contrast, in the less coordinating ODFB, differences in the IPS barriers for [1–3Me·ODFB]+B(C6F5)4– appear to correlate better with steric parameters, as measured by the percent buried volume on the open quadrants (%VBur,open) for the corresponding neutral precursors (%VBur,open = 34.8, 35.5, 34.6% for 1Me2, 2Me2, and 3Me2, respectively).
Solid-state NMR [13C,15N] resonance assignments of the nucleotide-binding domain of a bacterial cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (2012)

Channels regulated by cyclic nucleotides are key signalling proteins in several biological pathways. The regulatory aspect is conferred by a C-terminal cyclic nucleotide-binding domain (CNBD). We report resonance assignments of the CNBD of a bacterial mlCNG channel obtained using 2D and 3D solid-state NMR under Magic-angle Spinning conditions. A secondary chemical shift analysis of the 141 residue protein suggests a three-dimensional fold seen in earlier X-ray and solution-state NMR work and points to spectroscopic polymorphism for a selected set of resonances.
Experimental Study of Concentration Polarization at a Microchannel-Nanochannel Interface (2007)

Recent advances in fabrication methods allow us to study and leverage the unique flow regimes offered by nano-scale fluidic channels, [1–3] and recent work suggests that the physics of microchannel/nanochannel interfaces present opportunities for novel methods of sample preconcentration and analysis. [4–6] In nanochannels, channel height is of the same order of the electric double layer (EDL) thickness, leading to a decreased electrical resistance relative to the fluidic resistance of the channel. More importantly, analyte molecules undergoing electrophoresis spend a significant amount of time within EDLs. This has a profound effect on the interfaces between micro- and nanochannels. In particular, for negatively charged walls and a nanochannel in series with two microchannels, the concentration of ions (of both signs) increases on the cathodic side of the nanochannel and decreases on the anodic side. This phenomenon is called concentration polarization (CP) or the exclusion enrichment effect. [4, 5] There is a dearth of basic studies of these phenomena and the coupling of electroosmotic flow with concentration polarization. We present experimental validation of a computational model which predicts the development of concentration polarization. Furthermore, we will show preliminary results demonstrating focusing and separation of analyte anions in the cathodic side microchannel. This focusing is due to a balance of advection and electrophoretic migration. Anionic analytes focus and separate according to electrophoretic mobility.
Emergence of Pico- and Nanosatellites for Atmospheric Research and Technology Testing (2010)

Miniaturized satellites are paving the way to a completely new era of faster and less expensive access to space by using smaller payloads. Pico- and nanosatellite activity has expanded greatly in the last decade, due in large part to activity within the university satellite community. Emergence of Pico- and Nanosatellites for Atmospheric Research and Technology Testing describes the current state of this exciting technology and includes a variety of detailed examples that will help the reader identify appropriate analytical models, simulations, and technologies in the development of miniaturized satellite missions. TOPICS DISCUSSED * University satellite design programs * CubeSatA missions * Attitude determination and control systems * Electrical power systems * Command and data handling and telecommunication systems SPECIAL FEATURES * Describes the benefits of using pico- and nanosatellites, whose low cost allows a wide variety of missions by an expanded set of potential customers * Explores emulation of complex systems in a space environment using an adaptive, reusable spacecraft concept * Bridges the gap between theoretical spacecraft systems engineering and practical mechanics * Includes a case study, the Illinois Observing Nanosatellite
On‐resin microwave‐assisted copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition of H1‐relaxin B single chain ‘stapled’ analogues (2020)

Abstract The development of conformationally constrained analogues of bioactive peptides is a relevant goal in peptide medicinal chemistry. Among the several classes of conformationally constrained peptides, the so‐called stapled peptides, which bear a side‐chain‐to‐side‐chain bridge, are particularly interesting since they offer the possibility to stabilize specific conformational elements, such as α‐helices or β‐turns. We describe an efficient and reproducible microwave‐assisted strategy to prepare side‐chain‐to‐side‐chain clicked peptides, performing the copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition on solid phase, using as a model peptide a portion of the H1‐relaxin B chain, which contains the binding cassette motif of this important bioactive peptide. All the relevant parameters, that is, resin, solvent, catalytic system, microwave energy and reaction time were optimized using a systematic one‐factor‐at‐a‐time (OFAT) approach. This method will be useful for the preparation of libraries of conformationally constrained relaxin analogues.
INCREASED RISK OF EARLY REJECTION CORRELATES WITH RECOVERY OF CD3 CELL COUNT AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANT IN PATIENTS RECEIVING OKT3 INDUCTION1 (1997)

The incidence of early rejection correlates strongly with recovery of CD3 counts by POD 10. Higher baseline CD3 counts do not predict early rejection.
A Disturb Decoupled Column Select 8T SRAM Cell (2007)

This paper presents a novel 8 transistor SRAM cell that can be used for enhancing cell Vdd <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">min</sub> at and beyond 90 nm technology nodes. This cell provides a way to eliminate the column select read disturb scenario in SRAMs which is one of the impediments to lowering cell voltage. Read disturbs to the selected cell are then minimized by relying on a sense-amp based array architecture which enables discharging the bit-line (BL) capacitance to GND during a read operation thereby enhancing its low voltage operability. The sensitivity of the cell to BL height and sense timing has been studied and the feasibility of the cell has been proved by fabricating a 32 Kb array in a 90 nm PD/SOI technology. Hardware experiments and simulation results show improvements of cell Vdd <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">min</sub> over traditional 6T cells by more than 150 mV for 90 nm PD/SOI technology.
Inland saltwater as a medium for the production of biomass (1981)

A study was undertaken to determine if waste brine waters originating from inland salt seeps and crude oil production could be used to sustain the growth of marine organisms. In spite of a chemical composition significantly different from seawater controls, a central Missouri brine supported the rapid and dense growth of marine algae, which, in turn, was found to promote the normal growth of the brine shrimp Artemia. Additional experiments with oil-field brines indicated that the ability of waste brines to sustain algae-shrimp growth is site specific. The experimental results indicate that oil-field brines and inland salt waters can serve as media for the production of marine plants and animals.