gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automated classification of optical coherence tomography images for the diagnosis of oral malignancy in the hamster cheek pouch (2014)

Most studies evaluating the potential of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for the diagnosis of oral cancer are based on visual assessment of OCT B-scans by trained experts. Human interpretation of the large pool of data acquired by modern high-speed OCT systems, however, can be cumbersome and extremely time consuming. Development of image analysis methods for automated and quantitative OCT image analysis could therefore facilitate the evaluation of such a large volume of data. We report automated algorithms for quantifying structural features that are associated with the malignant transformation of the oral epithelium based on image processing of OCT data. The features extracted from the OCT images were used to design a statistical classification model to perform the automated tissue diagnosis. The sensitivity and specificity of distinguishing malignant lesions from benign lesions were found to be 90.2% and 76.3%, respectively. The results of the study demonstrate the feasibility of using quantitative image analysis algorithms for extracting morphological features from OCT images to perform the automated diagnosis of oral malignancies in a hamster cheek pouch model.
Comparação biomecânica de duas formas de fixação interfragmentar nas fraturas oblíquas do maléolo lateral (2012)

Objective: To compare the axial loading strength of interfragmentary fixation by two 2-mm mini-fragment screws with the traditional 3.5-mm small-fragment interfragmentary screw in oblique fractures of the distal fibula (44-B type). Methods: Fourteen ankle models made of plastic bone were divided into two groups: in Group A, seven models were submitted to fracture fixation by two 2-mm mini-fragment screws; in Group B, seven models were submitted to fracture fixation by one 3.5-mm small-fragment screw. Each sample was submitted to a resistance essay of static compression loading with a proper equipment (EMIC DL 10000 model) at the rate of 5 mm per minute; loading (in Newtons) versus displacement (in mm) was monitored until strength was lost. Results: The comparison between fixation types regarding maximal loading revealed no statistically significant difference between types (t=1.03; gl=12; p=0.326), even though the Group A presented higher resistance to maximum loading than the Group B. Conclusion: The results of this study in sawbones have demonstrated that the use of two mini-fragment screws for interfragmentary stabilization do not pose any biomechanical disadvantage on axial loading as compared to the recommended by AO/ASIF fixation technique that comprises a single, small fragment screw.
Making Nonwoven Fibrous Poly(ε‐caprolactone) Constructs for Antimicrobial and Tissue Engineering Applications by Pressurized Melt Gyration (2016)

A pressurized melt gyration process has been used for the first time to generate poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) fibers. Gyration speed, working pressure, and melt temperature are varied and these parameters influence the fiber diameter and the temperature enabled changing the surface morphology of the fibers. Two types of nonwoven PCL fiber constructs are prepared. First, Ag‐doped PCL is studied for antibacterial activity using Gram‐negative Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa microorganisms. The melt temperature used to make these constructs significantly influences antibacterial activity. Neat PCL nonwoven scaffolds are also prepared and their potential for application in muscular tissue engineering is studied with myoblast cells. Results show significant cell attachment, growth, and proliferation of cells on the scaffolds. image
Model predictive control and reinforcement learning as two complementary frameworks (2006)

Abstract: Model predictive control (MPC) and reinforcement learning (RL) are two popular families of methods to control system dynamics. In their traditional setting, they formulate the control problem as a discrete-time optimal control problem and compute a suboptimal control policy. We present in this paper in a unified framework these two families of methods. We run for MPC and RL algorithms simulations on a benchmark control problem taken from the power system literature and discuss the results obtained.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Optically Active Carbocyclic Sugars (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTEnantioselective Synthesis of Optically Active Carbocyclic SugarsNicholas Gathergood, Kristian Rahbek Knudsen, and Karl Anker JørgensenView Author Information Center for Metal Catalyzed Reactions, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark [email protected].Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 3, 1014–1017Publication Date (Web):January 10, 2001Publication History Received2 October 2000Published online10 January 2001Published inissue 1 February 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo001427rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo001427rbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1159Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Carbohydrates,Ethers,Mixtures,Organic reactions Get e-Alerts
Optimización del Cálculo de Colisiones para Mallas Deformables mediante Voxelización de Primitivas (2008)

Este artículo propone una optimización para la detección de colisiones de objetos deformables, consistente en la voxelización eficiente de primitivas en particiones espaciales. Nuestra técnica tiene aplicabilidad en el corte de objetos deformables, el cálculo de intersección de superficies y la detección del instante de colisión entre objetos móviles. El artículo incluye un análisis de rendimiento de la técnica propuesta frente a técnicas tradicionales basadas en cajas envolventes.
Poly(vinylalkanamide)s as Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors: Comparison of Poly(<i>N</i>-vinylisobutyramide) with Poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) (2012)

Kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) are water-soluble polymers that have been used for almost 20 years as a method to prevent the formation of gas hydrate plugs. Most classes of KHI polymers contain amide groups. We have now found a simple route to synthesize poly(N-vinylalkanamide)s (PVamides) from polyvinylamine. In this paper, we present results on the KHI performance of PVamides with varying alkyl chain lengths in the side group. This has been performed in tests with a structure-II-forming synthetic natural gas in high-pressure rocker cells and on tetrahydrofuran (THF) structure II hydrate crystal growth. The KHI performance of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)s (PNIPAMs) and poly(N-vinylisobutyramide)s (PNVIBAs) at varying molecular weights was also compared, because these two polymers differ only in the orientation of the amide group.
Novel polysaccharide hydrogels: characterization and properties (2000)

New chemical hydrogels, potentially suitable for biomedical applications, have been synthesized and characterized by 13C NMR, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The polysaccharide components of these hydrogels are hyaluronane, alginate and carboxymethylcellulose, while the novel cross-linking procedure consists of activating the carboxylate moieties by 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide CMPJ and using 1,3-diaminopropane as a chemical bridge. Varying the amount of CMPJ three series of hydrogels were obtained with different cross-linking degrees (5, 50, 100%). Their percentages were determined by 13C NMR and FT-IR analysis. The morphology of the gels was studied by scanning electron-microscopy and the pore sizes were determined in order to find a relationship with the swelling properties. Cell adhesion, using human hepatocytes, and platelet adhesion studies on the different series of cross-linked compounds allowed us to envisage their utilization as extracellular matrix materials and cardiovascular biomaterials. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition by cetuximab modulates hypoxia and interferon response genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Heatmap of molecular subgroups in MCC18754 (n=48). RNA expression data was z-normalized, each row represents a single gene in the Hypoxia-Immune signature gene list, each column represents a patient sample. Samples were reordered according to its molecular subgroup: Immune (blue), Mixture (black) and Hypoxia (red). &lt;/p&gt;
Self-organization in a perceptual network (1988)

The emergence of a feature-analyzing function from the development rules of simple, multilayered networks is explored. It is shown that even a single developing cell of a layered network exhibits a remarkable set of optimization properties that are closely related to issues in statistics, theoretical physics, adaptive signal processing, the formation of knowledge representation in artificial intelligence, and information theory. The network studied is based on the visual system. These results are used to infer an information-theoretic principle that can be applied to the network as a whole, rather than a single cell. The organizing principle proposed is that the network connections develop in such a way as to maximize the amount of information that is preserved when signals are transformed at each processing stage, subject to certain constraints. The operation of this principle is illustrated for some simple cases.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Fluid and Resistive Tethered Lipid Membranes on Nanoporous Substrates (2015)

Cell membranes perform important biological roles including compartmentalization, signaling, and transport of nutrients. Supported lipid membranes mimic the behavior of cell membranes and are an important model tool for studying membrane properties in a controlled laboratory environment. Lipid membranes may be supported on solid substrates; however, protein and lipid interactions with the substrate typically result in their denaturation. In this report, we demonstrate the formation of intact lipid membranes tethered on nanoporous metal thin films obtained via a dealloying process. Uniform lipid membranes were formed when the surface defect density of the nanoporous metal film was significantly reduced through a two-step dealloying process reported here. We show that the tethered lipid membranes on nanoporous metal substrates maintain both fluidity and electrical resistivity, which are key attributes to naturally occurring lipid membranes. The lipid assemblies supported on nanoporous metals provide a new platform for investigating lipid membrane properties, and potentially membrane proteins, for numerous applications including next generation biosensor platforms, targeted drug-delivery, and energy harvesting devices.
Downlink Performance and Capacity of Distributed Antenna Systems (2011)

This paper investigates the performance of the downlink channel in distributed antenna systems. We first establish the ergodic capacity of distributed antennas, under different channel side information (CSI) assumptions. We consider a generalized distributed antenna system with $N$ distributed ports, each of which is equipped with an array of $L$ transmit antennas and constrained by a fixed transmit power. For this system we calculate the downlink capacity to a single antenna receiver, under different assumptions about the availability of the channel states at the transmitter. Having established this information theoretic analysis of the ergodic capacity of distributed antenna systems, this paper also investigates the effect of antenna placement on the performance of such systems. In particular, we investigate the optimal placement of the transmit antennas in distributed antenna systems. We present a fairly general framework for this optimization with no constraint on the location of the antennas. Based on stochastic approximation theory, we adopt a formulation that is suitable for node placement optimization in various wireless network scenarios. We show that optimal placement of antennas inside the coverage region can significantly improve the power efficiency of wireless networks.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of An antigen produced by splicing of noncontiguous peptides in the reverse order. (2006)

CD8-positive T lymphocytes recognize peptides that are usually derived from the degradation of cellular proteins and are presented by class I molecules of the major histocompatibility complex. Here we describe a human minor histocompatibility antigen created by a polymorphism in the SP110 nuclear phosphoprotein gene. The antigenic peptide comprises two noncontiguous SP110 peptide segments spliced together in reverse order to that in which they occur in the predicted SP110 protein. The antigenic peptide could be produced in vitro by incubation of precursor peptides with highly purified 20S proteasomes. Cutting and splicing probably occur within the proteasome by transpeptidation. PMID: 16960008 Funding information This work was supported by: NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: CA18029 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: CA106512
Molecular Signature of Multisystem Cardiometabolic Stress and Its Association With Prognosis (2020)

Metabolites associated with cardiometabolic stress identified known and novel pathways of cardiometabolic disease in high-risk, community-based cohorts and were associated with coronary heart disease and survival at a 30-year time horizon. These results underscore the shared molecular pathophysiology of metabolic dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, and longevity and suggest pathways for modification to improve prognosis across all linked conditions.
Opposing Morphogenetic Defects on Dendrites and Mossy Fibers of Dentate Granular Neurons in CRMP3-Deficient Mice (2018)

Collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs) are highly expressed in the brain during early postnatal development and continue to be present in specific regions into adulthood, especially in areas with extensive neuronal plasticity including the hippocampus. They are found in the axons and dendrites of neurons wherein they contribute to specific signaling mechanisms involved in the regulation of axonal and dendritic development/maintenance. We previously identified CRMP3's role on the morphology of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal dendrites and hippocampus-dependent functions. Our focus here was to further analyze its role in the dentate gyrus where it is highly expressed during development and in adults. On the basis of our new findings, it appears that CRMP3 has critical roles both in axonal and dendritic morphogenesis of dentate granular neurons. In CRMP3-deficient mice, the dendrites become dystrophic while the infrapyramidal bundle of the mossy fiber shows aberrant extension into the stratum oriens of CA3. This axonal misguided projection of granular neurons suggests that the mossy fiber-CA3 synaptic transmission, important for the evoked propagation of the activity of the hippocampal trisynaptic circuitry, may be altered, whereas the dystrophic dendrites may impair the dynamic interactions with the entorhinal cortex, both expected to affect hippocampal function.
The effect of synbiotics Bifidobacterium infantis and milk oligosaccharides on shaping gut microbiota community structure and NASH treatment (2018)

Probiotic <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> subspecies <i>infantis</i> (<i>Bifidobacterium infantis</i>) consumes human milk oligosaccharides (MO) and protects intestinal permeability thereby having anti-inflammatory effects (Underwood et al., 2015; Bode, 2006; Asakuma et al., 2011) [1-3]. Via the gut-liver axis, gut barrier disruption and dysbiosis lead to hepatic inflammation (Sheng et al., 2017; Jena et al., 2017) [4,5,6]. Our published data revealed that butyrate, as well as synbiotics of <i>B. infantis</i> in combination with MO, had protective effects against cancer-prone non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mouse models, i.e., Western diet (WD)-fed bile acid receptor FXR (farnesoid x receptor) knockout (KO) mice (Jena et al., 2018) [6,7]. In addition, MO was particularly effective in increasing the blooming of butyrate-generating bacteria (Jena et al., 2018) [7]. In the present study, we further showed that the reduced ileal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) signaling found in WD-fed FXR KO mice could be reversed by <i>B. infantis</i> and/or MO treatment. Moreover, ileal mRNA levels of SCFA receptors i.e. <i>Gpr41</i> (<i>Ffar3</i>), <i>Gpr109</i> (<i>Hcar2</i>), and <i>Gpr43</i> (<i>Ffar2</i>) were increased in <i>B. infantis</i> and/or MO-treated mice suggesting increased SCFA signaling (Fig. 1). Further, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data revealed that MO and <i>B. Infant</i>is plus MO increased intestinal acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate levels (Fig. 2). In addition, <i>B. infantis</i> and/or MO reduced the abundance of genus <i>Bilophila</i> and the relative copy number of bacterial genes including dissimilatory sulfite reductase (<i>dsrA</i>) and methyl coenzyme M reductase A (<i>mcrA</i>), which were all increased in cancer-prone FXR KO mice (Fig. 3).
Vertical integration of high-Q silicon nitride microresonators into silicon-on-insulator platform (2013)

We demonstrate a vertical integration of high-Q silicon nitride microresonators into the silicon-on-insulator platform for applications at the telecommunication wavelengths. Low-loss silicon nitride films with a thickness of 400 nm are successfully grown, enabling compact silicon nitride microresonators with ultra-high intrinsic Qs (~ 6 × 10(6) for 60 μm radius and ~ 2 × 10(7) for 240 μm radius). The coupling between the silicon nitride microresonator and the underneath silicon waveguide is based on evanescent coupling with silicon dioxide as buffer. Selective coupling to a desired radial mode of the silicon nitride microresonator is also achievable using a pulley coupling scheme. In this work, a 60-μm-radius silicon nitride microresonator has been successfully integrated into the silicon-on-insulator platform, showing a single-mode operation with an intrinsic Q of 2 × 10(6).
Crowdsourcing user interface adaptations for minimizing the bloat in enterprise applications (2013)

Bloated software systems encompass a large number of features resulting in an increase in visual complexity. Enterprise applications are a common example of such types of systems. Since many users only use a distinct subset of the available features, providing a mechanism to tailor user interfaces according to each user's needs helps in decreasing the bloat thereby reducing the visual complexity. Crowdsourcing can be a means for speeding up the adaptation process by engaging and leveraging the enterprise application communities. This paper presents a tool supported model-driven mechanism for crowdsourcing user interface adaptations. We evaluate our proposed mechanism and tool through a basic preliminary user study.
Population data of 27 Y-chromosome STRS in Aymara population from Peru (2021)

In the present study, 90 samples from unrelated Aymaran males from the province of Puno were characterized with 27 Y-chromosome short tandem repeat (STR) loci using the Yfiler ™ Plus PCR Amplification Kit. Out of a total of the 90 haplotypes there were 89 distinct haplotypes. The statistical parameters applied to the data were haplotype diversity (0.9998), discrimination capacity (0.9889) and match probability (0.0114). Provisional Y haplogroups (major clade) were assigned with the majority being Q. The Aymara population was more closely related to a Bolivian population (Bolivia) and Iquitos (Peru) and was further away from the Shipibo-Conibo population of Ucayali, (Peru) and Aboriginal (Australia). The data were deposited in the YHRD database (accession number: YA004703). The analyses carried out show that the Y-STR loci from the Aymarans can be used for human identity casework and could be useful to study the history of the human populations in Latin America.
Non-Linear Shunt Regulator With RF Power Detector for RFID Applications (2020)

This paper presents a non-linear shunt regulator based on a PWM RF power detector for RFID applications. The shunt regulator is composed of two feedback loops. The first is a fast loop based on a simple RF voltage clamp that guarantees overvoltage protection for the internal circuits. The second is an accurate loop based on a power detector circuit that slowly corrects the first loop errors according to the input RF power. The theoretical formulation of the RF-to-DC conversion in the power detector is presented and compared to a high-level implementation. A small-signal model of the complete shunt regulator was developed to assist in the CMOS circuit design. The regulator is part of a commercial low-frequency RFID transponder. It shows an improvement of 16.7 % in the maximum communication distance of the transponder with the shunt regulator enabled when compared to the previous power limiting approach using only clamping diodes.
Locating All Homogeneous Azeotropes in Multicomponent Mixtures (1997)

A novel approach for enclosing all homogeneous azeotropes in multicomponent mixtures is presented. The thermodynamic criteria for azeotropy are outlined, and mathematical equations for each criterion are developed. The global optimization approach is based on developing convex underestimators which are coupled with a branch and bound framework in which upper and lower bounds on the solution are refined by successively partitioning the target region into small disjoint rectangles. The objective of such an approach is to enclose all global minima since each global minimum corresponds to a homogeneous azeotrope. Because of the nature of the thermodynamic equations which describe the behavior of the liquid phase, the constraint equations are highly nonlinear and nonconvex. The success of this approach depends upon constructing valid convex lower bounds for each nonconvex function in the constraints. Four different thermodynamic models are studied, the Wilson, NRTL, UNIQUAC, and UNIFAC equations. Tight convex lower bounding functions are found for the nonconvex terms in each model. The unique element of the proposed approach is that it offers a theoretical guarantee of enclosing all homogeneous azeotropes. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated in several example problems.
Psychological stress induces an increase in cholinergic enteric neuromuscular pathways mediated by glucocorticoid receptors (2023)

Our study suggests that RASt-induced functional changes in motility are, at least partly, due to a GR-dependent enhanced cholinergic component in the ENS.