gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interaction of allergic disease and (immune) response to cancer in patient with stage-4 adenocarcinoma of the lung. (2012)

A 50 year old male patient who was watched because of penicillin and venom allergy in the allergy unit had been admitted to the medical oncology polyclinic with cough, expectoration and hemoptysis 10 years ago. His symptoms had first begun 1 month prior to that admission, and he was then diagnosed with stage IV adeno carcinoma. The first allergic reaction occurred at 1 hour following the last transfusion, while the second transfusion reaction occurred within the first 10 minutes of the transfusion and was associated with respiratory arrest. Also, he reported both penicillin and venom allergy history, and, subsequent to diagnosis and treatment, developed an anaphylactic reaction to a European Cornet sting on two occasions. Our aim in publishing this case is that after diagnosis of metastatic lung adeno cancer, our patient developed anaphylactic reactions associated with bee stings and on 2 occasions suffered transfusion associated anaphylactic reactions. His subsequent survival (9 years to date with stable disease) is extraordinary.
Abstract 18730: Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Mortality: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis With Standardized 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (2016)

Background: Vitamin-D deficiency (25(OH)D) is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular (CV)-mortality. Nevertheless cut-off values remain debated and interventional studies reported lar...
Trichothecene inhibitors of Striga hermonthica germination produced by Fusarium solani (2002)

Metabolites of the fungus Fusarium solani (Sud 96) inhibited Striga hermonthica germination induced by the germination stimulant GR24. The active principles were identified as trichothecenes acuminatin, neosolaniol, 8-acetylneosolaniol, and tetraacetoxy T-2 tetraol (neosolaniol diacetate) on the basis of their chromatographic behavior and nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectra. Inhibitory activity of the four trichothecenes against Striga germination increased with acetylation of the hydroxyl moieties. The most abundant inhibitor produced by the fungus, 8-acetylneosolaniol, completely inhibited Striga germination at 24 μM. The fungal toxin did not affect the germination of sorghum, a host crop, but retarded root and shoot elongation of the seedlings by 60 and 30%, respectively, at the same concentration.
Association of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle metrics with overall survival and postoperative complications in soft tissue sarcoma patients: an opportunistic study using computed tomography (2020)

Background: To determine the relationship between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle measurements on computed tomography (CT) and overall survival and major postoperative complications in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS). Methods: The retrospective study included 137 STS patients (75 men, 62 women; mean age, 53 years, SD 17.7; mean BMI, 28.5, SD 6.6) who had abdominal CT exams. On a single CT image, at the L4 pedicle level, measurements of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and skeletal muscle area and attenuation were obtained using clinical PACS and specialized segmentation software. Clinical information was recorded, including STS characteristics (size, depth, grade, stage, and site), overall survival, and postoperative complications. The relationships between CT metrics and survival were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models and those between CT metrics and postoperative complications using logistic regression models. Results: There were 33 deaths and 41 major postoperative complications. Measured on clinical PACS, the psoas area (P=0.003), psoas index (P=0.006), psoas attenuation (P=0.011), and total muscle attenuation (P=0.023) were associated with overall survival. Using specialized software, psoas attenuation was also associated with overall survival (P=0.018). Adipose tissue metrics were not associated with survival or postoperative complications. Conclusions: In STS patients, CT-derived muscle size and attenuation are associated with overall survival. These prognostic biomarkers can be obtained using specialized segmentation software or routine clinical PACS.
Overexpression of p16INK4a Serves as Prognostic Marker in Squamous Cell Vulvar Cancer Patients Treated With Radiotherapy Irrespective of HPV-Status (2019)

<b>Purpose:</b> We aimed to evaluate the impact of HPV-driven carcinogenesis on outcome in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma patients (VSCC) treated with radiotherapy. <b>Methods and Materials:</b> Analysis of clinical, pathological, and treatment data, HPV DNA-detection and -genotyping as well as p16<sup>INK4a</sup> immunohistochemistry were performed in 75 VSCC patients. Kaplan-Meier-method was used to estimate locoregional control (LC), Progression-free survival (PFS), and Overall Survival (OS). Univariate survival time comparisons were performed using the log-rank-test. Chi-square/Fisher exact test was used to assess correlations between HPV DNA and p16<sup>INK4a</sup> data, pathological, clinical, and treatment characteristics. <b>Results:</b> 23/75 (30.67%) of all women had locoregional relapse, 7/75 (9.3%) systemic recurrence, and 35/75 (46.67%) died after a median follow-up of 26.4 months. 21.3% of the tumors were HPV DNA-positive, mostly (93.75%) for the high-risk (HR) HPV type 16. 25.3% showed p16<sup>INK4a</sup>-overexpression. 17.3% showed concomitant HPV DNA- and p16<sup>INK4a</sup>-positivity (cHPPVC). Patients with p16<sup>INK4a</sup>-overexpression, irrespective of the HPV DNA status, showed significantly better PFS (5-year-PFS 69.3 vs. 39.2%, <i>p</i> = 0.045), LC (5-year-LC 86.7 vs. 56.7%, <i>p</i> = 0.033) and a strong trend for better OS (5-year-OS 75.6 vs. 43.9%, <i>p</i> = 0.077). Patients with cHPPVC showed a trend for better PFS (5-year-PFS 72.7 vs. 41.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.082) and OS (5-year-OS 81.1 vs. 45.7%, <i>p</i> = 0.084) but no significant benefit for LC. <b>Conclusions:</b> Patients with cHPPVC, indicating an etiological relevance of HPV in the respective tumors, showed a better, albeit not significant, prognosis. The sole detection of p16<sup>INK4a</sup>-overexpression is a prognostic factor for survival in vulvar cancer and indicates better prognosis after radiotherapy, independent of detection of HPV DNA. p16<sup>INK4a</sup> should be used as surrogate marker for HPV-driven carcinogenesis in vulvar cancer with caution.
Propriedades da membrana do glóbulo de gordura do leite (2009)

O leite e uma mistura complexa de componentes com agua, incluindo proteinas, lipidios, carbohidratos e sais. Neste sistema, os lipidios se apresentam como gotas, constituidas principalmente por trigliceridios e envolvidas individualmente por uma membrana lipoproteica. A membrana do globulo de gordura do leite (MGGL) e a estrutura responsavel pela integridade do globulo e por mante-lo em estado da emulsao no leite. O globulo de gordura e sua membrana tem sido assunto de diversos artigos de investigacao nas ultimas decadas, principalmente por causa de suas caracteristicas tecnologicas e potenciais beneficios para saude. Os recentes desenvolvimentos e os aspectos mais relevantes destes componentes do leite sao apresentados e discutidos nesta revisao.
Reconstitution of maltose transport in malB mutants of Escherichia coli through calcium-induced disruptions of the outer membrane (1981)

The barrier function of the Escherichia coli outer membrane against low concentrations of maltose in strains missing the lambda receptor was partially overcome by treating the cells for 3 h with 25 mM Ca2+. Kinetic analysis of maltose-transport revealed a Ca2+-induced shift of the apparent Km of the system from about 100 microM in cells pretreated with Tris to about 15 microM in cells pretreated with Tris plus Ca2+. In contrast to maltose transport in untreated cells, that of Ca2+-treated lamB cells was inhibited by molecules with a high molecular weight, such as amylopectin (molecular weight, 20,000), and anti-maltose-binding protein antibodies. In addition, lysozyme was shown to attack Ca2+-treated cells in contrast to untreated cells. The Ca2+-induced permeability increase of the outer membrane allowed reconstitution of maltose transport in a mutant missing the maltose-binding protein with osmotic shock fluid containing the maltose-binding protein. Even though Ca2+-treatment allowed the entry of large molecules, the release of the periplasmic maltose-binding protein or alkaline phosphatase was negligible.
Epidemiology, risk factors and sequelae of venous thromboembolism (2012)

The aim of this review was to discuss the epidemiology, risk factors and sequelae of venous thromboembolism (VTE). VTE has an incidence of 1-2 per 1000 people annually. The risk of VTE increases with age and is highest in Caucasians and African Americans. Combined oral contraceptives (COC), especially the third-generation COCs, have been strongly implicated in VTE. Hospitalized patients, especially patients with underlying malignancy and undergoing surgery, have a host of risk factors for VTE. Thrombophilia can predispose an individual to VTE but indiscriminate testing for thrombophilia in patients presenting with VTE is not indicated. VTE can have serious chronic sequelae in the form of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTPH). The risk of PTS and CTPH is increased with recurrent deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, respectively. Mortality from VTE can be as high as 21.6% at one year. Patients who had an episode of VTE have a high risk of subsequent VTE and this risk is highest in patients who had a first VTE event associated with malignancy. A good understanding of the epidemiology and risk factors of VTE will enable the treating medical practitioners to identify patients at risk and administer appropriate VTE prophylaxis to prevent the long-term consequences of VTE.
Additive manufacturing of copper-molybdenum pseudoalloys (2020)

The joint project GROTESK investigates the application of additive manufacturing for the generation of optical, thermal and structural components using the example of a laser system. This includes multi-material connections of metallic and non-metallic materials with laser metal deposition, e.g. mountings for solid-state laser materials like neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG), and the related material development for wire-based as well as powder-based processing. The contrary material groups require an exact consideration of the thermal and physical properties. In particular, the melting point of the alloy must be as low as possible, preventing thermal destruction of the Nd:YAG. Furthermore, this reduces the thermal gradient in the crystalline structure of the YAG and improves thermal shock resistance. Besides, a sufficient thermal conductivity is important to ensure a targeted heat dissipation. Another crucial aspect is the induced stress due to different thermal expansions of the connected materials leading to structural damage. Therefore, the thermal expansion coefficient of the alloy has to match the coefficient of the optical component. The recent approach is the application of copper-molybdenum pseudoalloys. The idea is to combine the low thermal expansion of molybdenum with the high thermal conductivity of copper. State-of-the-art are sintered molybdenum powders that are infiltrated with molten copper resulting in promising physical properties exceeding the requirements of the intended purpose and allowing the application in high-power laser systems. During first practical experiments with these powders, promising results have been achieved with a 680-Watt diode laser by solely melting the copper. The structure of the generated object contained unaffected molybdenum grains embedded into a copper matrix and therefore successfully forming a pseudoalloy. Effects of the adjusted powder composition, the laser parameters and the resulting thermomechanical properties are investigated. With the help of microsections, the additive manufactured pseudoalloys are evaluated and characterized.
Microfluidics Formulated Liposomes of Hypoxia Activated Prodrug for Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer (2022)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) presents as an unmet clinical challenge for drug delivery due to its unique hypoxic biology. Vinblastine-N-Oxide (CPD100) is a hypoxia-activated prodrug (HAP) that selectively converts to its parent compound, vinblastine, a potent cytotoxic agent, under oxygen gradient. The study evaluates the efficacy of microfluidics formulated liposomal CPD100 (CPD100Li) in PDAC. CPD100Li were formulated with a size of 95 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.2. CPD100Li was stable for a period of 18 months when freeze-dried at a concentration of 3.55 mg/mL. CPD100 and CPD100Li confirmed selective activation at low oxygen levels in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Moreover, in 3D spheroids, CPD100Li displayed higher penetration and disruption compared to CPD100. In patient-derived 3D organoids, CPD100Li exhibited higher cell inhibition in the organoids that displayed higher expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1A) compared to CPD100. In the orthotopic model, the combination of CPD100Li with gemcitabine (GEM) (standard of care for PDAC) showed higher efficacy than CPD100Li alone for a period of 90 days. In summary, the evaluation of CPD100Li in multiple cellular models provides a strong foundation for its clinical application in PDAC.
Halo Artifacts of Indwelling Urinary Catheter by Inaccurate Scatter Correction in 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging: Incidence, Mechanism, and Solutions (2020)

Abstract Background Halo artifacts from a urinary catheter due to inaccurate scatter correction can cause significantly reduced tumor visibility in 18F-FDG PET/CT images. We investigated the incidence and mechanism of halo-artifact generation, and we attempted to establish appropriate scatter correction techniques to reduce artifacts. Methods We first retrospectively reviewed patients with urinary catheters who were undergoing 18F-FDG PET/CT scans. Halo artifacts on the PET images were visually assessed with a standard scatter correction based on a tail-fitted single-scatter simulation (TF-SSS) using 4-mm voxel μ-maps (TFS 4-mm). We then performed phantom studies to reproduce the appearance of halo artifacts and evaluate scatter correction techniques regarding halo-artifact suppression. We measured the standardized uptake values (SUVs) to quantitatively assess the PET images. The scatter correction also used TF-SSS with 2-mm voxel μ-maps (TFS 2-mm) and a Monte Carlo-based single-scatter simulation (MC-SSS). Finally, we investigated whether TFS 2-mm and MC-SSS can be applied to patient data. Results There were 61 patients with urinary catheters; in five, halo artifacts were observed in the TFS 4-mm images. The phantom study clearly demonstrated the appearance of halo artifacts. The SUVs for the TFS 4-mm and TFS-2mm images were underestimated at the halo-artifact regions, whereas the SUV for the MC-SSS images became the true value (SUV = 1). In four of the five patients, halo artifacts were not present in the TFS 2-mm images. In all five patients, halo artifacts were absent in the MC-SSS images. The patient and phantom studies demonstrated that halo artifacts were caused by overestimates of the scatters due to mismatch by urine movement in the interval between the CT and the PET scan, or by the partial volume effect and downsizing in the converting process from the CT images to the μ-maps. Conclusions Halo artifacts were due to the mismatch between the μ-maps and PET images, which induces the scatter correction error. With the TF-SSS, halo artifacts were improved by using a small voxel size for the μ-maps, but the artifacts remained in one case. With the MC-SSS, it was possible to accurately estimate the scatters without generating halo artifacts.
Highly Selective and Permeable Microporous Polymer Membranes for Hydrogen Purification and CO<sub>2</sub> Removal from Natural Gas (2018)

This paper reports a new macromolecular design that incorporates hierarchical triptycene unit into thermally rearranged polybenzoxazole (TR-PBO) structures for highly selective and permeable gas separation membranes with great potential for H2 purification and CO2 removal from natural gas. We demonstrate that triptycene moieties not only effectively disrupt chain packing enabling microporous structure for fast mass transport, but also introduce ultrafine microporosity via the unique internal free volume intrinsic to triptycene unit that allows for superior molecular sieving capability in resulting PBO membranes. Consequently, these triptycene-based polybenzoxazole (TPBO) membranes display among the highest gas selectivities for H2 separations (i.e., α(H2/N2) = 96; α(H2/CH4) = 203) and CO2 removal from natural gas (i.e., α(CO2/CH4) = 68) among existing glassy polymeric membranes. It is also demonstrated that microporous structure and gas transport properties of TPBO films are highly tailorable by adjusting the triptycene content and the ortho-functionality of the precursors. The highly diverse tunability, along with the excellent resistance toward membrane plasticization and physical aging, render the TPBO membranes with extremely versatile separation capability applicable for a wide range of important industrial processes to get clean or low carbon fuels and reduce carbon footprint.
Structure-Activity Relationship of Neuroactive Steroids, Midazolam, and Perampanel Toward Mitigating Tetramine-Triggered Activity in Murine Hippocampal Neuronal Networks (2021)

Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (tetramine or TETS), a potent convulsant, triggers abnormal electrical spike activity (ESA) and synchronous Ca2+ oscillation (SCO) patterns in cultured neuronal networks by blocking gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptors. Murine hippocampal neuronal/glial cocultures develop extensive dendritic connectivity between glutamatergic and GABAergic inputs and display two distinct SCO patterns when imaged with the Ca2+ indicator Fluo-4: Low amplitude SCO events (LASE) and High amplitude SCO events (HASE) that are dependent on TTX-sensitive network electrical spike activity (ESA). Acute TETS (3.0 µM) increased overall network SCO amplitude and decreased SCO frequency by stabilizing HASE and suppressing LASE while increasing ESA. In multielectrode arrays, TETS also increased burst frequency and synchronicity. In the presence of TETS (3.0 µM), the clinically used anticonvulsive perampanel (0.1-3.0 µM), a noncompetitive AMPAR antagonist, suppressed all SCO activity, whereas the GABAA receptor potentiator midazolam (1.0-30 µM), the current standard of care, reciprocally suppressed HASE and stabilized LASE. The neuroactive steroid (NAS) allopregnanolone (0.1-3.0 µM) normalized TETS-triggered patterns by selectively suppressing HASE and increasing LASE, a pharmacological pattern distinct from its epimeric form eltanolone, ganaxolone, alphaxolone, and XJ-42, which significantly potentiated TETS-triggered HASE in a biphasic manner. Cortisol failed to mitigate TETS-triggered patterns and at >1 µM augmented them. Combinations of allopregnanolone and midazolam were significantly more effective at normalizing TETS-triggered SCO patterns, ESA patterns, and more potently enhanced GABA-activated Cl- current, than either drug alone.
Endozepine Stupor: Disease or Deception? A Critical Review (2004)

Presentation of patients with recurrent stupor associated with apparently elevated levels of an endogenous benzodiazepine-like agent, endozepine-4, has been reported from several centers, and a new syndrome, endozepine stupor has been proposed. We recently reported a case with typical features of this syndrome, which proved to be an example of surreptitious administration of exogenous benzodiazepine. This and other examples of clandestine drug use, together with uncertainties about the validity of tests used to distinguish exogenous and endogenous benzodiazepines, prompted us to undertake a reappraisal of this clinical syndrome.
Functionalized Surfaces with Tailored Wettability Determine Influenza A Infectivity (2016)

Surfaces contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms contribute to their transmission and spreading. The development of "active surfaces" that can reduce or eliminate this contamination necessitates a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms of interactions between the surfaces and the microorganisms. Few studies have shown that, among the different surface characteristics, the wetting properties play an important role in reducing virus infectivity. Here, we systematically tailored the wetting characteristics of flat and nanostructured glass surfaces by functionalizing them with alkyl- and fluoro-silanes. We studied the effects of these functionalized surfaces on the infectivity of Influenza A viruses using a number of experimental and computational methods including real-time fluorescence microscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. Overall, we show that surfaces that are simultaneously hydrophobic and oleophilic are more efficient in deactivating enveloped viruses. Our results suggest that the deactivation mechanism likely involves disruption of the viral membrane upon its contact with the alkyl chains. Moreover, enhancing these specific wetting characteristics by surface nanostructuring led to an increased deactivation of viruses. These combined features make these substrates highly promising for applications in hospitals and similar infrastructures where antiviral surfaces can be crucial.
RuCl<sub>3</sub>/CeCl<sub>3</sub>/NaIO<sub>4</sub>:  A New Bimetallic Oxidation System for the Mild and Efficient Dihydroxylation of Unreactive Olefins (2005)

[reaction: see text] The catalytic dihydroxylation of olefins represents a unique synthetic tool for the generation of two C,O-bonds with defined relative configuration. Whereas OsO(4) has been established as a very general dihydroxylation catalyst within the past 30 years, the less expensive and toxic isoelectronic RuO(4) has found only limited use for this type of oxygen-transfer reaction. High catalyst loading and undesired side reactions were severe drawbacks in RuO(4)-catalyzed oxidations of C,C-double bonds. Recently, we were able to improve the RuO(4)-catalyzed dihydroxylation by addition of Bronsted acids to the reaction mixture. This protocol proved to be of general applicability, however, certain limitations were observed. To address these problematic functional groups a new Lewis acid accelerated oxidation was developed. The use of only 10 mol % of CeCl(3) allowed a further decrease in the catalyst concentration down to 0.25 mol % while broadening the scope of the reaction. Silyl ethers and nitrogen containing functional groups are now tolerated in this optimized protocol. Furthermore, competing scission reactions are supressed in the presence of Lewis acid allowing longer reaction times and the successful oxidation of electron-deficient tetrasubstituted double bonds that cannot be oxidized using known dihydroxylation protocols.
Solid State NMR Studies of Li-Rich NMC Cathodes: Investigating Structure Change and Its Effect On Voltage Fade Phenomenon (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Robust State Estimation for Linear Time Varying Lateral Vehicle Dynamics with Unknown Road Curvature (2018)

This paper presents a cascaded observer scheme for state estimation of the lateral vehicle dynamics. A velocity dependent linear time varying model where the road curvature acts as an unknown input is considered. The proposed observer structure is based on an Hα, filter in combination with a higher order sliding mode compensator and yields finite time exact state reconstruction. The observer design is carried out step by step and simulation results show the applicability of the proposed approach.