gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Early involvement of synapsin III in neural progenitor cell development in the adult hippocampus (2008)

Synapsin III is a synaptic vesicle-associated protein that is expressed in cells of the subgranular layer of the hippocampal dentate gyrus, a brain region known to sustain substantial levels of neurogenesis into adulthood. Here we tested the hypothesis that synapsin III plays a role in adult neurogenesis with synapsin III knockout and wild-type mice. Immunocytochemistry of the adult hippocampal dentate gyrus revealed that synapsin III colocalizes with markers of neural progenitor cell development (nestin, PSA-NCAM, NeuN, and Tuj1) but did not colocalize with markers of mitosis (Ki67 and PCNA). Because neurogenesis consists of a number of stages, the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of neural progenitor cells were systematically quantitated in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of adult synapsin III knockout and wild-type mice. We found a 30% decrease in proliferation and a 55% increase in survival of neural progenitor cells in synapsin III knockout mice. We also observed a 6% increase in the number of neural progenitor cells that differentiated into neurons. No difference in the volume of the dentate gyrus was observed between synapsin III knockout and wild-type mice. Collectively, our results demonstrate a novel role for synapsin III in regulating the proliferation of neural progenitor cells in the adult hippocampal dentate gyrus. These findings suggest a distinct function for this synaptic vesicle protein, in addition to its role in neurotransmission.
The GeneSat-1 Microsatellite MissionA Challenge in Small Satellite Design (2006)

The mission of the GeneSat-1 technology demonstration spacecraft is to validate the use of researchquality instrumentation for in situ biological research and processing. GeneSat-1 is a “triple-CubeSat” vehicle currently being developed for launch as a secondary payload on a Minotaur launch vehicle in late 2006. Spacecraft and mission development is being led by the NASA Ames Research Center Astrobionics group. However, university participation is a crucial element of the program with significant contributions being made from a number of academic groups throughout the Silicon Valley region. This paper will review progress in the development of the GeneSat-1 mission. In addition, the role of each University partner will be discussed, the educational elements of the program will be described, and a discussion of technical and organization challenges will be presented. Finally, the paper will review the relevance of GeneSat-1’s technology to advanced sensing concepts, bio-technology and pharmaceutical research, astrobiology, and human space flight research.
Optimal control with unreliable communication: the TCP case (2005)

The paper considers the linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) optimal control problem in the discrete time setting and when data loss may occur between the sensors and the estimation-control unit and between the latter and the actuation points. We consider the case where the arrival of the control packet is acknowledged at the receiving actuator, as it happens with the common transfer control protocol (TCP). We start by showing that the separation principle holds. Additionally, we can prove that the optimal LQG control is a linear function of the state. Finally, building upon our previous results on estimation with unreliable communication, the paper shows the existence of critical arrival probabilities below which the optimal controller fails to stabilize the system. This is done by providing analytic upper and lower bounds on the cost functional.
A generalized method for the inversion of cohesive energy curves from isotropic and anisotropic lattice expansions (2015)

Cohesive energy inversions are generalized to handle a broad range of lattice geometries, including systems with internal rigid bodies.
Dalteparin sodium for the long-term management of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients. The DALTECAN Study (2013)

Dalteparin sodium for the long-term management of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients. The DALTECAN Study
What If I Don't Treat My PSA-Detected Prostate Cancer? Answers from Three Natural History Models (2011)

This is the first study to project population-based natural history summaries in the absence of screening or primary treatment and risks of clinical progression events following PSA detection in the absence of primary treatment.
Organically Modified SiO <sub>2</sub> Aerogels (2005)

Summary: Hydrophobic aerogels were prepared by base-catalyzed hydrolysis and condensation of RSi(OMe)3 (R = Me, Ph, Prn)/Si(OMe)4 (1:4) mixtures in methanol, followed by supercritical drying of the obtained alcogels with methanol. The organic substituents also increase the elasticity of the aerogels.
An Efficient Labelling Approach to Harness Backbone and Side‐Chain Protons in <sup>1</sup>H‐Detected Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy (2015)

(1) H-detection can greatly improve spectral sensitivity in biological solid-state NMR (ssNMR), thus allowing the study of larger and more complex proteins. However, the general requirement to perdeuterate proteins critically curtails the potential of (1) H-detection by the loss of aliphatic side-chain protons, which are important probes for protein structure and function. Introduced herein is a labelling scheme for (1) H-detected ssNMR, and it gives high quality spectra for both side-chain and backbone protons, and allows quantitative assignments and aids in probing interresidual contacts. Excellent (1) H resolution in membrane proteins is obtained, the topology and dynamics of an ion channel were studied. This labelling scheme will open new avenues for the study of challenging proteins by ssNMR.
Photoacoustic Image Quality Improvement from a Single Cell Low Frequency PMUT (2022)

Photoacoustic image (PAI) quality improvement using a low frequency piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer (PMUT) having the fundamental resonant frequency 1 MHz is being reported. Specifically, three different methods are implemented such as the frame averaging, mathematically improved algorithms, and a hardware position accurate arrangement in order to obtain unparallel PAI image quality. Validation study has been conducted in both agar phantom and ex-vivo tissue samples. Measurable image quantifiers in the form of full width at half maximum (FWHM), signal to noise ratio (SNR), and contrast ratio (CR) are used to evaluate the improvement in the image quality. It is found that the FWHM increases by 34%, SNR by 23% and CR by 25%, suggesting the efficacy of the methods to achieve better photoacoustic images employing PMUT-based detector. The study demonstrates that the suggested methods of improvement could play a key role in a promising cost-effective PMUT-PAI system in future.
Incorporation of fatty acids from fish oil and olive oil into colonic mucosal lipids and effects upon eicosanoid synthesis in inflammatory bowel disease. (1991)

The incorporation of the fatty acids in fish and olive oil into the colonic mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease was examined during 12 weeks' dietary supplementation with the oils, and the influence on colonic mucosal prostaglandin and thromboxane generation was measured. With a dietary supplement of 18 g fish oil daily, concentrations of the major polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish oil, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, were significantly raised in mucosal lipids. The first time these were measured, after three weeks' supplementation, the mean increases in eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid were seven fold and 1.5 fold respectively, and these increases were maintained during the 12 week study. Arachidonic acid values fell throughout the study and this reduction was significant at 12 weeks. Mucosal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), thromboxane B2, and 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha synthesis were suppressed, and this reached significance (p less than 0.05) at three and 12 weeks for PGE2 and at 12 weeks for thromboxane B2. The predominant fatty acid in olive oil is oleic acid. Supplementation with 18 g/day resulted in a significant increase in oleic acid in colonic mucosa at 12 weeks (p less than 0.05) and a fall in stearic acid and docosahexaenoic acid; there was no significant change in eicosanoid synthesis. It is concluded that colonic lipids and prostaglandin and thromboxane synthesis can be readily altered by dietary supplementation with fish oil. The extent of incorporation of the fatty acids present in oils is dependent upon the individual fatty acid.
Multiphase Flow Models in Packed Beds (2000)

This paper presents a review of theories for gas and liquid flows in packed beds as applied to chemical reactor design. Significant progress has been made in understanding multiphase flow phenomena in packed beds and the ability to make quantitative predictions of flow behavior. Successful theories use spatially averaged continuity and momentum equations for the gas and liquid phases, coupled with constitutive equations for drag forces between the fluid phases and the particles and for capillary pressure effects in the column. The result is a self-consistent set of equations that are able to model experimental data for liquid holdup and pressure drop under steady-state conditions. These theories have also been used to generate information on the stability of these steady-state flows. Remarkable agreement has been found between the theoretical predictions of the transitions from the low-interaction to the high-interaction regimes and experimental observations. In addition, the same set of equations has been successful in modeling both cocurrent and countercurrent flows of gas and liquid phases in packed beds. This is a robust approach based on fundamental principles of fluid mechanics that can be applied to other reactor configurations. A similar formulation has also led to improvements in understanding of gas lift reactor hydrodynamics, and some of these results will be presented for comparison. A summary of challenges that exist in extending these hydrodynamic models to include the effects of heat transfer, mass transfer and reaction rates will also be presented.
3-(1H-Pyrrol-2-yl)-2-oxazolidinones as Novel Monoamine Oxidase Type A Inhibitors (2005)

A novel series of 5-substituted-3-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-2-oxazolidinones 2a-s has been described as pyrrole analogues of toloxatone and befloxatone, two phenyl-oxazolidinones active as anti-MAO agents and used in antidepressant therapy. Tested against MAO-A and MAO-B enzymes, the majority of 2a-s show highly potent inhibitory effect against the A isoform of the enzyme, with Ki values in the range 0.52-0.004 microM, whilst their anti-MAO-B activity is considerably lower (Ki = >100-0.5 microM). Structurally, 2a-s differs for the substituent inserted at the C5 position of the 2-oxazolidinone ring (hydroxymethyl (2a-d), methoxymethyl (2e-h), azidomethyl (2i-l), methylaminomethyl (2m-p), and aminomethyl (2q-s)), and the size of the alkyl chain at the pyrrole N1 position (methyl, ethyl, allyl, or benzyl). As a rule, apart from the C5 substitution, the bulkier is the alkyl group at the pyrrole-N1, the lower is the anti-MAO-A activity of the compounds, being the N1-methyl derivatives 2a, 2e, 2i, and 2q among the most potent (K(iMAO-A) = 0.087-0.004 microM) and A-selective (A-selectivity ratio: >11,111-41) compounds in this series. Exceptions are represented by the N1-benzyl derivative 2d (K(iMAO-A) = 0.009 microM) and the N1-allylpyrrole 2o (K(iMAO-A) = 0.04 microM). In comparison with the reference drugs, these highly active derivatives are more potent than toloxatone, slightly less potent than befloxatone, and several times more A-selective than both the references. Such results indicate that 2a-s may represent a new promising series of antidepressant agents.
Conclusions (2007)

Les dessins des fruits de 100 cultivars de Cucurbita, en particulier de 93 cultivars de Cucurbita pepo, brossent un fascinant panorama des formes cultivées il y a deux siècles. Les fruits de C. pepo vont des petites coloquintes de moins de 10 cm de long aux courges et citrouilles de plus de 50 cm. En forme, ils vont des citrouilles et coloquintes à fruits ronds aux pâtissons à fruits aplatis et aux cocozelles à fruits longs et étroits. De même, pratiquement tous les coloris, les combinaisons ...
Impedance tuner using BST varactors in alumina-based IPD technology (2016)

A compact, low loss and wide coverage impedance tuner using alumina-based integrated passive device (AIPD) technology is proposed. By integrating a tuning element-barium strontium titanate (BST) varactor, with high-Q AIPD L-C elements, an impedance tuner with wide impedance coverage range is achieved while maintaining low insertion losses. Details of the in-house AIPD fabrication process are presented. Measured results for a continuous impedance tuner designed at 2.5 GHz are presented demonstrating a maximum insertion loss of 1.2-dB impedance tuner from 2-3 GHz. The overall footprint of the chip is only 3.8 mm × 1.88 mm.
Iterative screening methodology enables isolation of strains with improved properties for a FACS-based screen and increased L-DOPA production (2019)

Optimizing microbial hosts for the large-scale production of valuable metabolites often requires multiple mutations and modifications to the host's genome. We describe a three-round screen for increased L-DOPA production in S. cerevisiae using FACS enrichment of an enzyme-coupled biosensor for L-DOPA. Multiple rounds of screening were enabled by a single build of a barcoded in vitro transposon-mediated disruption library. New background strains for screening were built for each iteration using results from previous iterations. The same in vitro transposon-mediated disruption library was integrated by homologous recombination into new background strains in each round of screening. Compared with creating new transposon insertions in each round, this method takes less time and saves the cost of additional sequencing to characterize transposon insertion sites. In the first two rounds of screening, we identified deletions that improved biosensor compartmentalization and, consequently, improved our ability to screen for L-DOPA production. In a final round, we discovered that deletion of heme oxygenase (HMX1) increases total heme concentration and increases L-DOPA production, using dopamine measurement as a proxy. We further demonstrated that deleting HMX1 may represent a general strategy for P450 function improvement by improving activity of a second P450 enzyme, BM3, which performs a distinct reaction.
Issues Affecting Early Affordable Access to Leading Electronics Technologies by the USMilitary and Government (1996)

Military electronics have typically been isolated from mainstream developments due to military unique requirements, specifications and procurement policies. As a consequence, military electronics systems have not profited from many of the commercial technological advancements and the lessons learned. Based on an understanding of this problem, DoD policy directives are now changing, although there are attempts to resist or side‐step implementation. To understand the key issues affecting early affordable access to leading electronics technologies by the US military and government, it is necessary to understand those military and government policies, regulations and organisations that have influenced both directly and indirectly, purposefully and accidentally, electronics effectiveness and worth. This paper provides a perspective to some of the key issues and critical differentiators between US military/government and commercial approaches to electronics.
Restricted dart throwing movement for the assessment of wrist functionality (2017)

A fully functional wrist is essential to perform myriad of movements needed for daily living. Measuring the bio-kinematic performance of the wrist joint in terms of unique motion based dart thrower's motion is a renewed topic that has received considerable attention in the literature. This study focuses on robust implementation of inertial measurements in a wearable platform to capture day-to-day wrist joint motions in real time. The clinical trial examined the ranges of flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation movements measured anatomical and oblique planes. Our findings suggest differences in kinematics and functional performance when the hand is restricted and captured the ranges of motions closer to the ranges of motions in anatomical planes measured independently in comparison to the free hand dart throwing. These quantitative outcomes in terms of measurement consistency will form the foundation in understanding the significant changes in wrist joint signatures associated with different scenarios. Thus, the results emphasized the possibility of using restricted dart throwing motion to assess the functionality of the wrist rather than fundamental motions in the anatomical plane.
A novel approach to modeling and efficient simulation of frequency-selective fading radio channels (2002)

A novel simulator concept based on channel orthogonalization techniques in two inner product spaces is presented and compared with the traditional approach of modeling each Rayleigh or Rice fading multipath ray individually. The new simulator, being applicable to systems employing linear modulation formats, allows channels having quasi-continuous or truly continuous delay profiles with many densely spaced rays to be represented at a significantly reduced computational complexity. The new simulation concept leads to the lowest level of complexity being achieved for the prevailing channel and noise characteristics on a particular channel.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Contraindications and complications of the Latarjet procedure (2017)

The Latarjet procedure is a well-known, safe and reliable technique to treat primary or recurrent anterior dislocations or subluxations, with or without hyperlaxity, with or without glenoid bone loss. Both the open and the arthroscopic methods produce excellent clinical results, with a low rate of recurrent instability. There have been concerns of a higher surgical complication rate associated with this procedure, however, large reviews reported an overall complication rate in the open Latarjet procedure of 15%. Meticulous surgical technique and a good understanding of the local anatomy can help to avoid the complications but postoperative shoulder arthritis and frequent bone block osteolysis remain unsolved additional challenges, which require further research. There are 2 main factors to further improve the clinical outcome and patient satisfaction: careful patient selection with good surgical indication, and reducing complications with adequate surgical techniques. The aim of this study is to provide the current overview of the contraindications and complications of the Latarjet procedure.
Edge image description using fractal interpolation (2002)

Edge images derived from compressed image databases are described using fractal techniques. The proposed method is able to give an affine transformation-invariant description suitable for use in a query-by-example database application. Comparison among the proposed method, polynomial interpolation and spline interpolation is given. It is concluded that fractal interpolation can give a compact description of image contours and is able to cope with random perturbation of the coordinates of the contour points by as much as 25 percent.
Improvements to Field-Programmable Gate Array Design Efficiency using Logic Synthesis (2010)

As Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) capacity can now support several processors on a single device, the scalability of FPGA design tools and methods has emerged as a major obstacle for the wider use of FPGAs. For example, logic synthesis, which has traditionally been the fastest step in the FPGA Computer-Aided Design (CAD) flow, now takes several hours to complete in a typical FPGA compile. In this work, we address this problem by focusing on two areas. First, we revisit FPGA logic synthesis and attempt to improve its scalability. Specifically, we look at a binary decision diagram (BDD) based logic synthesis flow, referred to as FBDD, where we improve its runtime by several fold with a marginal impact to the resulting circuit area. We do so by speeding up the classical cut generation problem by an order-of-magnitude which enables its application directly at the logic synthesis level. Following this, we introduce a guided partitioning technique using a fast global budgeting formulation, which enables us to optimize individual “pockets” within the circuit without degrading the overall circuit performance. By using partitioning we can significantly reduce the solution space of the logic synthesis problem and, furthermore, open up the possibility of parallelizing the logic synthesis step.&#13;\n The second area we look at is the area of Engineering Change Orders (ECOs). ECOs are incremental modifications to a design late in the design flow. This is beneficial since&#13;\nit is minimally disruptive to the existing circuit which preserves much of the engineering effort invested previously in the design. In a design flow where most of the steps are fully automated, ECOs still remain largely a manual process. This can often tie up a designer for weeks leading to missed project deadlines which is very detrimental to products whose life-cycle can span only a few months. As a solution to this, we show how we can leverage existing logic synthesis techniques to automatically modify a circuit in a minimally disruptive manner. This can significantly reduce the turn-around time when applying ECOs.
Controlled Nonvolatile Transition in Polyoxometalates‐Graphene Oxide Hybrid Memristive Devices (2018)

Abstract Graphene oxide (GO)‐based nonvolatile memory has triggered tremendous interest owing to its high mechanical flexibility, high optical transparency, low cost fabrication, and environmental friendly manufacture for future flexible and transparent electronic devices. Although various data storage types with different switching mechanisms have been demonstrated, challenges still exist in controlling of the memory performances. Here, polyoxometalates (POMs), a type of molecular oxide cluster, is coassembled into the GO‐based memory through electrostatic layer‐by‐layer deposition approach. Assisted by the catalytic activity of POMs, the GO can be reduced to reduced graphene oxide (RGO) under UV irradiation. By this catalytic photoreduction reaction, two types of memory characteristics can be obtained including the write‐once‐read‐many‐times (WORM) derived from the GO‐based memory and the rewritable bipolar resistive switching arising from the RGO‐based counterpart. It was verified that the transition between the WORM and bipolar resistive switching is associated with the modulation of the interface barrier of POM and GO junction. Furthermore, charge trapping/detrapping process is proposed to account for the mechanism of the two memory types. This work offers valuable insight into the new design of tunable memory characteristics and emphasizes the significant role of POMs in modifying the interface features.