gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanoscale Reaction Vessels Designed for Synthesis of Copper-Drug Complexes Suitable for Preclinical Development (2016)

The development of copper-drug complexes (CDCs) is hindered due to their very poor aqueous solubility. Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) is the primary metabolite of disulfiram, an approved drug for alcoholism that is being repurposed for cancer. The anticancer activity of DDC is dependent on complexation with copper to form copper bis-diethyldithiocarbamate (Cu(DDC)2), a highly insoluble complex that has not been possible to develop for indications requiring parenteral administration. We have resolved this issue by synthesizing Cu(DDC)2 inside liposomes. DDC crosses the liposomal lipid bilayer, reacting with the entrapped copper; a reaction that can be observed through a colour change as the solution goes from a light blue to dark brown. This method is successfully applied to other CDCs including the anti-parasitic drug clioquinol, the natural product quercetin and the novel targeted agent CX-5461. Our method provides a simple, transformative solution enabling, for the first time, the development of CDCs as viable candidate anticancer drugs; drugs that would represent a brand new class of therapeutics for cancer patients.
Explanation-Boosted Question Selection in Conversational CBR (2004)

Case based reasoning (CBR) is a problem solving method that reuses the previous problem solving experiences (represented as cases) to solve the new problem. As a type of interactive CBR, conversational CBR has been proposed to help users construct their problem descriptions incrementally through a mixed-initiative question-answering sequence. In software component retrieval, users meet the difficulty in well-defining their component queries. As a solution to release this difficulty, we proposed and implemented a conversational component retrieval model (CCRM) using a knowledge-intensive conversational CBR method in the thesis.The research activities and contributions followed two directions: theoretical research on conversational CBR to provide an efficient and natural conversation process, and applying and adapting conversational CBR to support software component retrieval.In the theoretical research direction, we first provided a framework to classify the similarity methods in CBR from the perspective of what features were taken into account during the similarity calculation, and further analyzed and illustrated that the query-biased similarity methods (only considering the features appearing in the query during the similarity calculation) were more suitable for conversational CBR applications. A knowledge-intensive conversational CBR method was designed that was able to utilize the general domain knowledge to improve the efficiency and naturalness of the conversation process. Four knowledge-intensive question selection tasks, including the feature inferencing, the integrated question ranking, the consistent question clustering, and the coherent question sequencing, were identified and handled in this method. We also proposed a lazy dialog learning mechanism that could continuously improve the performance of conversational CBR.Following the conversational component retrieval application direction, we reviewed and analyzed the current software component retrieval methods and proposed a conversational component retrieval model. In order to represent both the software components and the component queries as cases, it is necessary for a case to have multiple values on some features (generalized cases). In the research, we analyzed the feasibilities and discussed the methods to extend conversational CBR to support generalized cases from three aspects: the case representation, the similarity calculation metric, and the question selection method. At the end, a knowledge-intensive conversational software component retrieval system (TrollCCRM), enhanced by the above research findings, was implemented and evaluated on the image processing software component retrieval application.The evaluation results so far gave us positive results that the TrollCCRM system provided an efficient and natural conversation process guiding users to find their desired software components.
Preparation, characterization and<i>in vitro</i>release properties of ibuprofen-loaded microspheres based on polylactide, poly(϶-caprolactone) and their copolymers (2005)

In this paper, ibuprofen was encapsulated into microspheres by oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion solvent evaporation method. Biodegradable polymers with certain compositions and characteristics such as polylactide (PLA), poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) and their block copolymer were used to prepare the microspheres. The results indicate that, under the same processing conditions, the drug entrapment efficiency was similar (approximately 80%) for microspheres prepared with PLA and P(LA-b-CL) (78.7/21.3 by mole), but it was only 25.4% for PCL microspheres. The in vitro drug release rate decreased in the order of PCL, P(LA-b-CL) (78.7/21.3 by mole) and PLA microspheres. PCL microspheres showed more serious burst release during the first day (almost 80%) than P(LA-b-CL) (50%) and PLA microspheres (18%). The complete ibuprofen release duration from the last two kinds of microspheres exceeded 1 month. Characterization of the microspheres by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and polarized optical microscope (POM) revealed that ibuprofen was amorphous in PCL microspheres and partially crystalline in P(LA-b-CL) and PLA microspheres. The different release behaviour of ibuprofen from the three kinds of microspheres could be attributed to the different crystallinity of the studied polymers and drug dispersion state in polymer matrices. All the above results suggest that the copolymer with a certain ratio of lactide to -caprolactone could have potential applications for long-term ibuprofen release.
Tunable microbubble generator using electrolysis and ultrasound (2017)

This letter reports on a method for producing on demand calibrated bubbles in a non-chemically controlled solution using localized micro-electrolysis and ultrasound. Implementing a feedback loop in the process leads to a point source of stable mono-dispersed microbubbles. This approach overcomes the inertial constraints encountered in microfluidics with the possibility to produce from a single to an array of calibrated bubbles. Moreover, this method avoids the use of additional surfactant that may modify the composition of the host fluid. It impacts across a broad range of scientific domains from bioengineering, sensing to environment.
Supplementary Figure from Dual Fluorescence Isogenic Synthetic Lethal Kinase Screen and High-Content Secondary Screening for MUC16/CA125-Selective Agents (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Dual Fluorescence Isogenic Synthetic Lethal Kinase Screen and High-Content Secondary Screening for MUC16/CA125-Selective Agents
Choice of Surgical Treatment for Multisegmental Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy (1985)

Three surgical procedures for multisegmental cervical spondylotic myelopathy were evaluated on the basis of a follow-up study (12-157 months) of 95 patients. Twenty-four patients were treated by extensive laminectomy, 50 by anterior interbody fusion by the Cloward and/or Smith-Robinson techniques, and 21 by subtotal spondylectomy and fusion. Results of subtotal spondylectomy were significantly (P less than 0.01) better when compared with those of the other two procedures. It was concluded that spondylosis up to three disc levels should be treated by subtotal spondylectomy and fusion regardless of the canal diameter. When involvement extended four or more levels, extensive laminectomy was recommended.
"Breaking Free: Spin-off Ties to Parent Firms, Managerial Discretion, and Spin-off Strategic Change" (2015)

A number of researchers have implicitly argued that strategic reorganization increases in subsidiaries that are spun-off. However, research has not yet examined the conditions under which such strategic change is likely to occur. Using arguments relating to managerial cognition, we argue that a child’s ties to the parent firm serve as a means of reducing the spin-off firm’s managerial discretion, which lessens post-spin-off strategic change. Further, we argue that this relationship is strongly influenced by the level of pre-spin-off performance of the spin-off firm. We test hypotheses addressing these issues in 65 spin-offs across 194 firm-year observations and find considerable support for our predictions.
Jump Markov Nonlinear System Identification for Behavior Classification in Multi-Sensor Target Tracking (2019)

The detection of unusual behavior plays a crucial role in the prevention of illegal and harmful activities such as smuggling, piracy, arms trading, human trafficking, and illegal immigration. Furthermore, for military applications, it is useful to detect anomalous behavior to provide an alert for potential threats, especially with the more recent widespread use of drones for warfare and terrorist activities. In order to provide a solution for these emerging needs, in this work, a novel method for target dynamic behavior classification by analyzing trajectories using data gathered from multiple heterogeneous sensors is presented.
Technology of Ferroelectric Thin Film Formation with Large Coercive Field for Future Scaling Down of Ferroelectric Gate FET Memory Device (2006)

2006 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,Technology of Ferroelectric Thin Film Formation with Large Coercive Field for Future Scaling Down of Ferroelectric Gate FET Memory Device
The real Pac‐Man (2012)

The Real Pac-Man The zona pellucida (ZP) is the protective coat of the mammalian oocyte that has an important function in fertilization and anti-polyspermy defense. Conventionally, the ZP is drawn as a homogeneous layer of extracellular matrix, or at best as a mesh of fibers around the oocyte. Examination of the porcine oocyte-ZP by immunofluorescence with antibodies recognizing the protein ZPC (yellow; antibody courtesy of Dr. Satish Kumar Gupta), however, reveals an intricate, sinusoidal architecture that creates crevices in which the somatic cells adjacent to the ZP fit and through which their cytoplasmic projections extend to communicate directly with the oocyte. When sandwiched between a microscopy slide and a coverslip, the ZP cracks over the intact oocyte (chromosomes in blue), creating the illusion of 1980's popular arcade video game icon, Pac-Man. Detailed procedures are described in Zimmerman et al., 2011, PLoS One 6:e17256.
High-sensitivity mapping of magnetic induction fields with nanometer-scale resolution: comparison of off-axis electron holography and pixelated scanning transmission electron microscopy (2020)

We compare two transmission electron microscopy (TEM) based techniques that can provide highly spatially resolved quantitative measurements of magnetic induction fields at high sensitivity. To this end, the magnetic induction of a ferromagnetic NiFe nanowire has been measured and compared to micromagnetic modelling. State-of-the-art electron holography has been performed using the averaging of large series of holograms to improve the sensitivity of the measurements. These results are then compared those obtained from pixelated (or 4D) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). This emerging technique uses a pixelated detector to image the local diffraction patterns as the beam is scanned over the sample. For each diffraction pattern, the deflection of the beam is measured and converted into magnetic induction, while scanning the beam allows to build a map. Aberration corrected Lorentz (field-free) configurations of the TEM and STEM were used for an improved spatial resolution. We show that the pixelated STEM approach, even when performed using an old generation of charge-coupled device camera, provides better sensitivity at the expense of spatial resolution. A more general comparison of the two techniques is given.
144 GHz epsilon-near-zero lens antenna (2015)

Metamaterials have revolutionized the design of lenses. Free-space matching has been traditionally achieved by thick anti-reflective coatings. However, at millimeter-waves, simple anti-reflective coatings remain elusive. In this range, the impedance matching attainable with metamaterials can be a viable solution. This holds promise for enhancing the gain of highly directive lens antennas.
Themed issue on green materials and surfaces (2017)

Guest editors Lei Jiang, Markus Antonietti and Nina Fechler introduce this <italic>Journal of Materials Chemistry A</italic> themed issue on green materials and surfaces.
Elevated Serum Uric Acid is an Independent Predictor for Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Severe Coronary Artery Stenosis Subanalysis of the Japanese Coronary Artery Disease (JCAD) Study (2009)

Elevated UA is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality combined in patients with coronary artery stenosis.
Monitoring of anti-angiogenic therapy by quantitative ultrasound molecular imaging (2017)

Cancer growth and development requires angiogenesis, i.e., the formation of a blood supply to feed the tumor and enable metastatic spreading [1]. In cancer angiogenesis, pro-angiogenic factors are secreted to trigger the growth of new blood vessels and the recruitment of pre-existing vessels from surrounding tissue. The resulting vasculature is characterized by a chaotic network of abnormal micro-vessels exhibiting increased tortuosity and permeability, irregular diameters and branching, and arterio-venous shunting. This has led to a shift both in cancer diagnostics, whereby several in-vivo non-invasive imaging methods have been developed to assess the structural, functional, and molecular changes occurring due to cancer angiogenesis [2], and in cancer therapeutics, with the development of novel drugs aimed at inhibiting angiogenic processes and/or disrupting angiogenic tumor vasculature [3]
The Clinical Area Safety Assessment, a Peer Review of Safety across an Acute Trust (2012)

Background Most hospitals have developed processes to manage risk in a reactive manner. Few, however, have instituted proactive systems for the identification of latent risk that has the potential to cause harm. Objective To develop a process for the identification of potential risks to safety across all clinical areas of a hospital. Methods Every clinical department in Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust (CUHFT) underwent peer assessment to confirm that the Trust’s processes for safety were in place and identify possible threats to the safety of patients. This assessment consisted of a number of elements that included review of routinely collected data, observed clinical care and a safety questionnaire. The methodology used to apply this process is described. Results The outcomes of 33 clinical area safety assessments (CASA) are reported. No department was awarded unconditional accreditation nor have any had their service suspended. A number of recurrent issues emerged, the most common being that 31% of departments failed to fully comply with Trust requirements for governance and 12% needed to improve compliance with patient safety standards. Concerns related to documentation were identified in 11% of assessments. To date the programme has cost approximately £111,000 with each review requiring approximately 130 hrs to complete. Conclusions The CASA programme has offered an opportunity to improve standardisation in governance and optimise safety processes across our hospital. It has facilitated the dissemination of good practice amongst teams to resolve common problems. Suggestions as to how we plan to further refine this peer review process are offered.
Determination of Extravasation Effects of Nal-Iri and Trabectedin and Evaluation of Treatment Options for Trabectedin Extravasation in a Preclinical Animal Model (2022)

<b>Background:</b> Extravasation during chemotherapy administration can lead to dangerous adverse effects ranging from pain to tissue necrosis. Evidence-based data about prevention and treatment of extravasation injuries of some clinically used compounds still remains elusive. This work aimed to investigate, in a preclinical mouse model, the effects of extravasation of two chemotherapeutic agents, nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-Iri) and trabectedin. In addition, we aimed to study treatment options for injuries induced by extravasation of these substances. <b>Methods:</b> Mice were subcutaneously injected with nal-Iri or trabectedin applied in clinically used concentration. Doxorubicin was used as a positive control. In subsequently performed experiments, hyaluronidase, DMSO and tacrolimus were tested as potential treatments against extravasation-induced injuries by trabectedin. Systemic effects were analyzed by observation and documentation of the health status of mice and local reactions were measured and graded. In addition, hematoxylin-eosin stained histological sections of the treated skin areas were analyzed. <b>Results:</b> Of the two tested substances, only trabectedin showed vesicant effects. Subcutaneous injection of trabectedin caused erythema formation in mice by day two that was progressing to skin ulcerations by day five. Furthermore, we found that topical treatment of mice with tacrolimus or DMSO reduced the vesicant effects of trabectedin. The results observed <i>in vivo</i> were supported microscopically by the analysis of histological sections. <b>Conclusions:</b> We recommend classifying trabectedin as a vesicant agent and nal-Iri as a non-vesicant agent. Furthermore, our results obtained in a preclinical model suggest that tacrolimus and DMSO might be suitable treatment options of trabectedin extravasations, a finding that might be further utilized in clinical studies.
Supercapacitors using singlewalled carbon nanotube electrodes (2001)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Kay Hyeok An, Won Seok Kim, Young Soo Park, Hee Jin Jeong, Young Chul Choi, Jeong-Mi Moon, Dong Jae Bae, Seong Chu Lim, Young Hee Lee; Supercapacitors using singlewalled carbon nanotube electrodes. AIP Conf. Proc. 16 October 2001; 590 (1): 241–244. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1420099 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Isomerisation of (E)-2-Tetrahydrofurylidenealkanecarboxylic Esters and Amides into Their (Z) Isomers by Chelation Control with Metallated Bases or Lewis Acids (2002)

International audience
Ultrafast Photochemistry of a Manganese-Tricarbonyl CO-Releasing Molecule (CORM) in Aqueous Solution (2013)

Ultraviolet irradiation of a manganese-tricarbonyl CO-releasing molecule (CORM) in water eventually leads to the liberation of some of the carbon monoxide ligands. By ultraviolet pump/mid-infrared probe femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy in combination with quantum chemical calculations, we could disclose for the exemplary compound [Mn(CO)3(tpm)](+) (tpm = tris(2-pyrazolyl)methane) that only one of the three carbonyl ligands is photochemically dissociated on an ultrafast time scale and that some molecules may undergo geminate recombination.
Immunopathology of rheumatoid arthritis (1989)

University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA Current Opinion in Rheumatology 1989, 1:8-14
Identification of Platinum(II) Sulfide Complexes Suitable as Intramuscular Cyanide Countermeasures (2022)

The development of rapidly acting cyanide countermeasures using intramuscular injection (IM) represents an unmet medical need to mitigate toxicant exposures in mass casualty settings. Previous work established that cisplatin and other platinum(II) or platinum(IV)-based agents effectively mitigate cyanide toxicity in zebrafish. Cyanide's <i>in vivo</i> reaction with platinum-containing materials was proposed to reduce the risk of acute toxicities. However, cyanide antidote activity depended on a formulation of platinum-chloride salts with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) followed by dilution in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). A working hypothesis to explain the DMSO requirement is that the formation of platinum-sulfoxide complexes activates the cyanide scavenging properties of platinum. Preparations of isolated NaPtCl<sub>5</sub>-DMSO and Na (NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>PtCl-DMSO complexes in the absence of excess DMSO provided agents with enhanced reactivity toward cyanide <i>in vitro</i> and fully recapitulated <i>in vivo</i> cyanide rescue in zebrafish and mouse models. The enhancement of the cyanide scavenging effects of the DMSO ligand could be attributed to the activation of platinum(IV) and (II) with a sulfur ligand. Unfortunately, the efficacy of DMSO complexes was not robust when administered IM. Alternative Pt(II) materials containing sulfide and amine ligands in bidentate complexes show enhanced reactivity toward cyanide addition. The cyanide addition products yielded tetracyanoplatinate(II), translating to a stoichiometry of 1:4 Pt to each cyanide scavenger. These new agents demonstrate a robust and enhanced potency over the DMSO-containing complexes using IM administration in mouse and rabbit models of cyanide toxicity. Using the zebrafish model with these Pt(II) complexes, no acute cardiotoxicity was detected, and dose levels required to reach lethality exceeded 100 times the effective dose. Data are presented to support a general chemical design approach that can expand a new lead candidate series for developing next-generation cyanide countermeasures.
A New Phenomenon: Sub-Tg, Solid-State, Plasticity-Induced Bonding in\n Polymers (2015)

Polymer self-adhesion due to the interdiffusion of macromolecules has been an\nactive area of research for several decades [70, 43, 62, 42, 72, 73, 41]. Here,\nwe report a new phenomenon of sub-Tg, solid-state, plasticity-induced bonding;\nwhere amorphous polymeric films were bonded together in a period of time on the\norder of a second in the solid-state at ambient temperatures nearly 60 K below\ntheir glass transition temperature (Tg) by subjecting them to active plastic\ndeformation. Despite the glassy regime, the bulk plastic deformation triggered\nthe requisite molecular mobility of the polymer chains, causing\ninterpenetration across the interfaces held in contact. Quantitative levels of\nadhesion and the morphologies of the fractured interfaces validated the sub-Tg,\nplasticity-induced, molecular mobilization causing bonding. No-bonding outcomes\n(i) during the compression of films in a near hydrostatic setting (which\ninhibited plastic flow) and (ii) between an 'elastic' and a 'plastic' film\nfurther established the explicit role of plastic deformation in this newly\nreported sub-Tg solid-state bonding .\n
Intelligent systems: A semiotic perspective. Volume I: Theoretical semiotics (1996)

This report contains the papers from the Proceedings of the 1996 International Multidisciplinary Conference - Theoretical Semiotics. General topics covered are: semiotic in biology: biologically inspired complex systems; intelligence in constructed complex systems; intelligence of learning and evolution; fuzzy logic and the mechanisms of generalization; information representation for decision making; sematic foundations; syntactics of intelligent systems: the kind of logic available; intelligence of recognition: the semiotic tools; and multiresolutional methods.