gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Rubidium-82 Positron Emission Tomography in Patients After Heart Transplant (2014)

Abnormalities on rubidium-82 positron emission tomography were predictors of adverse events in heart transplant patients. Larger prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.
Unraveling the Transcrustal Magmatic Mush and Geothermal Systems of Aluto and Corbetti Volcano in the Main Ethiopian Rift using Magnetotellurics  (2023)

Active continental rifting in Ethiopia has led to formation of numerous volcanoes and geothermal systems with associated socio-economic potential for generating clean energy.Aluto and Corbetti are two silicic volcanoes in the Central Main Ethiopian Rift (CMER) that have been closely examined. Past studies provided insights into their formation in the extensional magma-tectonic context of the CMER, into causes of volcanic unrest and surface deformation and seismic activity, as well as their geothermal systems. However, many aspects about the structure of the volcanoes&amp;#8217; underlying transcrustal magmatic system remained unanswered.Here, we present new 3-D electrical conductivity models of these volcanoes, obtained from inversions of magnetotelluric (MT) data, providing the most detailed images of the associated magmatic and geothermal systems across multiple scales so far.The models from Aluto and Corbetti provide evidence for several hypothesized properties of the associated magmatic systems. The cross-rift model, enclosing Aluto, shows that the volcano&amp;#8217;s lower crustal melt source, west of the rift axis, also feeds volcanos in the western part of the rift, which has been debated in the past.&amp;#160; Our Corbetti model confirms the existence of a shallow magmatic intrusion, as it has been modelled from InSAR and gravimetry studies.We estimate thermodynamically constrained melt fractions and interpret geothermal flow structures. The inferred melt fractions indicate crystalline magmatic mush systems in rheological lock-up, where melt is extracted slowly through buoyancy processes, while mechanical trapping explains the observed compositional gaps.
Nucleolar- and Nuclear-Stress-Induced Membrane-Less Organelles: A Proteome Analysis through the Prism of Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation (2023)

Radical changes in the idea of the organization of intracellular space that occurred in the early 2010s made it possible to consider the formation and functioning of so-called membrane-less organelles (MLOs) based on a single physical principle: the liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of biopolymers. Weak non-specific inter- and intramolecular interactions of disordered polymers, primarily intrinsically disordered proteins, and RNA, play a central role in the initiation and regulation of these processes. On the other hand, in some cases, the "maturation" of MLOs can be accompanied by a "liquid-gel" phase transition, where other types of interactions can play a significant role in the reorganization of their structure. In this work, we conducted a bioinformatics analysis of the propensity of the proteomes of two membrane-less organelles, formed in response to stress in the same compartment, for spontaneous phase separation and examined their intrinsic disorder predispositions. These MLOs, amyloid bodies (A-bodies) formed in the response to acidosis and heat shock and nuclear stress bodies (nSBs), are characterized by a partially overlapping composition, but show different functional activities and morphologies. We show that the proteomes of these biocondensates are differently enriched in proteins, and many have high potential for spontaneous LLPS that correlates with the different morphology and function of these organelles. The results of these analyses allowed us to evaluate the role of weak interactions in the formation and functioning of these important organelles.
Canadian Urological Association guideline on male lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic hyperplasia (MLUTS/BPH): 2018 update (2018)

MLUTS secondary to BPH remains one of the most common age-related disorders afflicting men. As the aging of the Canadian population continues, more men will be seeking advice and looking for guidance from their healthcare providers on the management of their symptoms. The information offered in this guideline document, based on consensus evaluation of the best available evidence, will aid Canadian urologists as they strive to provide state-of-the-art care to their patients.
Gradient Isotactic Multiblock Polylactides from Aluminum Complexes of Chiral Salalen Ligands (2014)

Aluminum complexes of enantiomerically pure aminomethylpyrrolidine-based salalen ligands and their application in the stereoselective polymerization of lactide are described. Poly(lactic acid) featuring the new gradient isotactic multiblock microstructure was synthesized by isoselective catalysts, which operate by a combination of enantiomorphic-site and chain-end control mechanisms.
Using Fluidic Oscillation Technology with Coiled Tubing to Cleanout Scale from a High-Pressure/Extreme-Temperature Well Beyond the Limits of an HPHT Motor: A Case Study from the UK North Sea (2020)

Abstract This paper explains some of the challenges that are faced with coiled tubing (CT) bottom hole assemblies (BHA) when working in high-pressure/extreme-temperature (HP/ET) environments with unfavorable fluids and how these challenges were successfully overcome. CT was selected as a contingency to operate a downhole completion isolation valve with a hydraulically activated shifting tool and impact tool. By design, this type of valve is operated using a sequence of pressure cycles, working only when a certain differential pressure is present across the valve. CT became the primary option when problems occurred during the pressure cycle operation. After shifting the valve, wireline operations also encountered problems when they hung up prematurely and could not pass a depth in this new HP/ET well with an open hole completion. Initial investigations found that a blockage of swarf combined with settled oil-based mud and calcium carbonate fallout was the source of the problem. Three attempts with two different types of high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT)-rated motors ended unsuccessfully after only short exposure to the extreme downhole temperatures. As an alternative solution, a fluidic oscillation tool was run on the CT in an attempt to clear the blockage. This method resulted in a successful cleanout followed by an acid treatment of the open hole section in a single run with the same BHA.
Dimensionality Reduction of Hyperspectral Images for Color Display using Segmented Independent Component Analysis (2007)

The problem of dimensionality reduction for color representation of hyperspectral images has received recent attention. In this paper, several independent component analysis (ICA) based approaches are proposed to reduce the dimensionality of hyperspectral images for visualization. We also develop a simple but effective method, based on correlation coefficient and mutual information (CCMI), to select the suitable independent components for RGB color representation. Experimental results are presented to illustrate the performance of our approaches.
Role of anti‐idiotypic antibodies in immune tolerance induction (2010)

Replacement therapy using factor VIII (FVIII) elicits FVIII-specific antibodies (abs) in about 25% of the patients. A majority of such abs are directed towards specific FVIII regions in which major epitopes have been identified (C-terminal end of the C2 domain, the N-terminal end of the A2 domain and C1 domain in cases of mild/moderate haemophilia A). We derived five human monoclonal abs (mabs) that react with high affinity to the FVIII C1, C2 or A2 domains respectively and are representative of most of the specific inhibitors observed in haemophilia A patients. We generated mouse anti-idiotypic mabs (anti-Ids) against the paratope of each of the inhibitors. We demonstrated that a combination of these anti-Ids (anti-anti-A2, -C1, -C2) had the ability to neutralize the inhibitory properties of human polyclonal abs in plasma. In 16 of the 18 plasmas tested, the inhibiting FVIII activity was neutralized up to 100% by the anti-Ids mixture with restoration of full FVIII activity. These data allow us to conclude that polyclonal high-affinity FVIII inhibitors could be neutralized with an anti-Ids mixture and that only a limited number of anti-Ids were required for inhibitor neutralization in 90% of the patients. We also demonstrated that anti-Id Abs bound to anti-FVIII human B cell line produced the corresponding anti-FVIII Ab and that this binding was followed by surface capping of complexes. Data obtained in vitro at monoclonal and polyclonal level, confirmed by in vivo assays, and the preliminary results obtained at BCR level, indicate that anti-id mixture made of only a limited number of anti-Ids could be useful in the restoration of haemostasis in haemophilia patients with inhibitor.
Demonstrating Context-Aware Services in the Mobility First Future Internet Architecture (2016)

As the amount of mobile devices populating the Internet keeps growing at tremendous pace, context-aware services have gained a lot of traction thanks to the wide set of potential use cases they can be applied to. Environmental sensing applications, emergency services, and location-aware messaging are just a few examples of applications that are expected to increase in popularity in the next few years. The MobilityFirst future Internet architecture, a clean-slate Internet architecture design, provides the necessary abstractions for creating and managing context-aware services. Starting from these abstractions we design a context services framework, which is based on a set of three fundamental mechanisms: an easy way to specify context based on human understandable techniques, i.e. use of names, an architecture supported management mechanism that allows both to conveniently deploy the service and efficiently provide management capabilities, and a native delivery system that reduces the tax on the network components and on the overhead cost of deploying such applications. In this paper, we present an emergency alert system for vehicles assisting first responders that exploits users location awareness to support quick and reliable alert messages for interested vehicles. By deploying a demo of the system on a nationwide testbed, we aim to provide better understanding of the dynamics involved in our designed framework.
Formation of Gold Nanocrystalline Films at the Liquid/Liquid Interface: Comparison of Direct Interfacial Reaction and Interfacial Assembly (2009)

The formation of gold (Au) nanocrystalline films by reduction at the liquid/liquid interface has been investigated: three product fractions have been characterized, via electron and atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron and UV−vis absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The mechanism suggested is deposition and self-assembly of the Au nanoparticles (NPs) at the liquid/liquid interface occurring in close association with the adsorption of capping ligands obtained from the starting materials and the cleavage of the reducing agent, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (THPC). NPs can also be assembled at the liquid/liquid interface by adsorption from one of the adjacent solution phases. This parallel route is also followed here to demonstrate that particle formation can occur either via route (i) interfacial reaction or (ii) bulk reaction followed by self-assembly.
T cell surface I-J glycoprotein. Concerted action of chromosome-4 and -17 genes forms an epitope dependent on alpha-D-mannosyl residues. (1984)

Two genes acting in concert control murine T cell I-Jk expression. We determined I-Jk expression with I-Jk--specific monoclonal antibodies WF8 .C12.8 and five others produced in our laboratory in a cytotoxicity assay. Previous experiments established that an H-2k gene and a chromosome 4 gene, Jt , regulate I-Jk expression. We show here that B10. HTT and B10.S( 9R ) do not differ at the H-2k locus required for I-Jk expression. Rather B10. HTT , like B10.A(3R), lacks some important non--H-2 gene (possibly Jt ). The intra--H-2k I-J--controlling locus maps to the right of the I-A subregion. The I-Jk determinant involves a carbohydrate structure associated with protein; inhibiting either protein synthesis or glycosylation prevents T cell I-Jk reexpression after proteolytic removal. Treatment with alpha-mannosidase destroys I-Jk determinants, implicating terminal alpha-D-mannosyl residues in the I-Jk epitope. Models for H-2 and Jt control of I-J expression are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Indole‐2,3‐quinodimethanes: Generation, Reactivity, and Regioselective Control of Intermolecular Diels‐Alder Reactions. (1990)

Abstract The indolequinodimethanes (III) are generated by dehydroiodination of the bis(iodomethyl) derivatives (II).
Uptake of free choline by isolated perfused rat liver. (1980)

The uptake of free choline by isolated perfused rat liver was characterized. A saturable uptake mechanism [Ka = 0.17 +/- 0.07 mM (SD); Vmax = 0.84 +/- 0.16 mumol/min X g dry weight] and a nonsaturable mechanism (through which uptake is proportional to choline concentration in the perfusate) were identified. Most of the choline transported into hepatocytes was converted to betaine, phosphorylcholine, or lecithin. Free choline also accumulated within the intracellular space, suggesting that choline oxidase activity does not always limit choline's uptake by the liver.
Novel polyisoprenyl phosphates block phospholipase D and human neutrophil activation <i>in vitro</i> and murine peritoneal inflammation <i>in vivo</i> (2005)

Leukocyte production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an essential component of the antimicrobial armament mounted during host defense, but when released to the extracellular milieu ROS can also injure host tissues and provoke inflammation. Polyisoprenyl phosphates (PIPPs) are constituents of human leukocyte membranes that regulate pivotal intracellular enzymes, such as phospholipase D (PLD). We prepared new PIPP mimetics and studied their impact in vivo on leukocyte activation, including ROS generation, in acute inflammation. In a stereospecific and concentration-dependent manner, the PIPP mimetics directly regulated Streptomyces chromofuscus phospholipase D (sPLD) action. The IC(50) for a (Z)-isomer of endogenous presqualene diphosphate (PSDP) was 100 nM. Structure-activity relationships were also determined for PIPP mimetic inhibition of recombinant human PLD1b, a prominent isoform in human leukocytes. The PIPP mimetic rank order for PLD1b inhibition differed from sPLD, although the (Z)-PSDP isomer remained the most potent PIPP mimetic for inhibition of both enzymes. Truncation of PLD1b to its catalytic core uncovered potential regulatory roles for both PSDP's isoprenoid and diphosphate moieties. The (Z)-PSDP isomer reduced ROS production by activated human leukocytes and decreased murine neutrophil accumulation (65.6%) and ROS production (38.5%) in vivo during zymosan A-initiated peritonitis. When administered intraperitoneally 2 h after zymosan A, the (Z)-PSDP isomer decreased in vivo neutrophil accumulation (72.5%) and ROS generation (74.4%) 6 h later in peritoneal exudates. Together, these results provide new means to protect and control unchecked inflammatory responses that characterize many human diseases.
Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of Lead Indium Niobate-Lead Titanate Single Crystal with High Curie Temperature Near Morphotropic Phase Boundary (2002)

For lead indium niobate lead titanate(PIN-PT) binary system near the morphotropic phase boundary(MPB) composition with a high Curie Temperature Tc>250 °C, the temperature (30-380 °C), compositions (0.28,0.37,0.38,0.54), and orientation ([100], [111]) dependences of permittivity, dielectric loss tangent, spontaneous polarization, and coercive field were investigated. The poling effect on the permittivity was presented. The electromechanical coupling coefficient in rectangular bar mode, k 33 '=70%, along the [100] axis in the tetragonal 0.62PIN-0.38PT was estimated at 30 °C. Keywords: Relaxor-based Ferroelectric Single CrystalPin-PTMorphotropic Phase BoundaryPermittivitySpontaneous Polarization
Radiometrische Untersuchungen von polarimetrischen Signaturen im W-Band (2010)

Die Erweiterung und der Umbau eines vollpolarimetrischen Radiometers im W-Band wird beschrieben und eine Verifikation anhand von radiometrischen Aufnahmen wird gezeigt.
Oxidation behaviour of the 47Nb 16Si 25Ti 8Hf 2Al 2Cr alloy sheet and vibrational spectroscopy (2009)

We report the chemical analysis of 47Nb 16Si 25Ti 8Hf 2Al 2Cr alloy sheet exposed in static air at 1200°C for 150, 300, 450, 600 and 900 seconds. This alloy exhibits linear oxidation kinetics. The dendritic phase M5Si3 (with M=Hf and Ti) is observed to be not oxidised rapidly compared to the (Nb,Ti)ss, due to low oxygen solubility. Distribution of elements in the cross section of the oxide scales was analysed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry and mapping in a scanning electron microscope. TiNb2O7 and Nb2O5 have been detected by X-ray diffraction. In addition, Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy showed absorbance peaks which are a clear signature of the formation of Si—O—Si, Si—O—Ti, and Si—O—Hf bonding in the oxidation layer. This analysis suggests that the film contains also amorphous silicates, not detected with X-ray diffraction.
Role of CB<sub>1</sub> receptors in the acute regulation of small intestinal permeability: effects of high-fat diet (2022)

The endocannabinoid system of the gastrointestinal tract is involved in the control of intestinal barrier function. Whether the cannabinoid 1 (CB<sub>1</sub>) receptor is expressed on the intestinal epithelium and acutely regulates barrier function has not been determined. Here, we tested the hypothesis that ligands of the CB<sub>1</sub> receptor acutely modulate small intestinal permeability and that this is associated with altered distribution of tight junction proteins. We examined the acute effects of CB<sub>1</sub> receptor ligands on small intestinal permeability both in chow-fed and 2-wk high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice using Ussing chambers. We assessed the distribution of CB<sub>1</sub> receptor and tight junction proteins using immunofluorescence and the expression of CB<sub>1</sub> receptor using PCR. A low level of CB<sub>1</sub> expression was found on the intestinal epithelium. CB<sub>1</sub> receptor was highly expressed on enteric nerves in the lamina propria. Neither the CB<sub>1</sub>/CB<sub>2</sub> agonist CP55,940 nor the CB<sub>1</sub> neutral antagonist AM6545 altered the flux of 4kDa FITC dextran (FD4) across the jejunum or ileum of chow-fed mice. Remarkably, both CP55,940 and AM6545 reduced FD4 flux across the jejunum and ileum in HFD-fed mice that have elevated baseline intestinal permeability. These effects were absent in CB<sub>1</sub> knockout mice. CP55,940 reduced the expression of claudin-2, whereas AM6545 had little effect on claudin-2 expression. Neither ligand altered the expression of ZO-1. Our data suggest that CB<sub>1</sub> receptor on the intestinal epithelium regulates tight junction protein expression and restores barrier function when it is increased following exposure to a HFD for 2 wk.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> The endocannabinoid system of the gastrointestinal tract regulates homeostasis by acting as brake on motility and secretion. Here we show that when exposed to a high fat diet, intestinal permeability is increased and activation of the CB<sub>1</sub> receptor on the intestinal epithelium restores barrier function. This work further highlights the role of the endocannabinoid system in regulating intestinal homeostasis when it is perturbed.
Correction of XRII geometric distortion using a liquid‐filled grid and image subtraction (2004)

X-ray image intensifier (XRII) geometric distortion reduces the accuracy of image-guided procedures and quantitative image reconstructions. Due to the dependence of this error on the earth's magnetic field, the required correction is angle dependent, and calibration data should ideally be acquired simultaneously with clinical image data, at a specific orientation. We describe a technique to correct XRII geometric image distortion at any angular position during a stereotactic procedure. This approach uses a machined plastic grid, which contains channels that can be filled with iodinated contrast agent and subsequently flushed with water, providing contrast and mask images, respectively, of a geometric calibration grid. The standard image subtraction capabilities of conventional digital subtraction angiography devices can then be used to create a subtraction image of the iodine-filled channels, without any confounding anatomical structure. Grid-line intersection points are used to determine the control points that are required for a global polynomial correction algorithm, creating a correction map that is specific to the current angular position and XRII field of view (FOV). Tests with a clinical C-arm based XRII show that control points can be obtained with a precision of +/-0.053 mm, resulting in geometric correction accuracy of +/-0.152 mm, at a nominal FOV of 40 cm. While the precision and accuracy are both poorer than that achieved with a high-contrast steel-bead grid, the fact that the liquid grid can remain rigidly attached to the XRII during an entire procedure results in the establishment of an absolute detector coordinate system (referenced to the liquid-filled correction grid). The design of the liquid-filled channels allows the required control points to be introduced into the image or removed in about 30 s, avoiding the appearance of obscuring or confounding markers during clinical image acquisition, with a concurrent increase in patient dose of about 8% in the current design. Applications for this technique include stereotactic surgery, radiosurgery, x-ray stereogrammetry, and other image-guided procedures.
Mechanism of the inhibition of cell growth by <i>N</i><sup>1</sup>, <i>N</i><sup>12</sup>‐bis(ethyl)spermine (1992)

The mechanism of the antiproliferation effect of N1,N12-bis(ethyl)spermine (BESPM) was studied in detail using mouse FM3A cells, since this polyamine analogue mimics the functions of spermine in several aspects [Igarashi, K., Kashiwagi, K., Fukuchi, J., Isobe, Y., Otomo, S. & Shirahata, A. (1990) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 172, 715-720]. Our results indicate that not only the decrease in sperimine and spermine caused by BESPM but also its accumulation play important roles on the inhibition of cell growth by BESPM, since BESPM accumulated in cells at a concentration fivefold that of spermidine in control cells. In comparison with the polaymine-deficient cells caused by alpha-difluoromethylornithine, an inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, and ethylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone), an inhibitor of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase, the behavior of polyamine-deficient cells caused by BESPM was different as follows: the inhibition of cell growth by BESPM was not abrogated by spermine or spermidine; polyamine uptake, which is stimulated during polyamine deficiency, was greatly inhibited, while spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase activity, which is inhibited during polyamine deficiency, was enhanced in BESPM-treated cells; thymidine kinase activity did not decrease in BESPM-treated cells; inhibition of cell growth and macromolecule synthesis by BESPM correlated with the swelling of mitochondria and the decrease in ATP content; BESPM caused cell death when incubated together for several days. The role of BESPM accumulation on inhibition of cell growth is discussed.