gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermogenic adipocytes regulate axonal growth, innervation, and thermogenic remodeling of white adipose tissue via retinoic acid‐ephrin A5‐dependent pathway (2016)

Innervation regulates lipolysis, thermogenesis, and vascularization in white adipose tissue (WAT) and undergoes pathological changes in obesity. It is widely believed that mechanisms responsible for innervation during WAT remodeling depend on the central nervous system or neural precursor cells. Objective We test thermogenic adipocytes in WAT regulate neuronal growth. Methods We examined this hypothesis using gene expression analysis, neronal and adipose co‐cultures in vitro. We also used diet induced obesity models including a xenograft model inducing thermogenesis in WAT in obese mice. Results We showed that thermogenic adipocytes in WAT efficiently stimulate neurite outgrowth in vitro and innervation in vivo . We identified their axon guiding secretome that includes ephrin A5 and A4, semaphorins and adamtS9 protease. Diet‐induced and genetically obese mice have decreased expression of these axon guiding molecules in WAT. However, engraftment of encapsulated Aldh1a1 −/− adipocytes in intra‐abdominal WAT rescues diminished innervation in obese WT mice. The gain of function studies identified ephrin A5 as an inducer of innervation. Ephrin A5 and A4 are under the control of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1a1 (Aldh1a1) and retinoic acid which represses expression of ephrins and axon growth. Conclusions Our data support a neuroregulatory role of thermogenic adipocytes and a mechanism for WAT innervation via bidirectional communication between thermogenic adipocytes and the nervous system. Support or Funding Information This research was supported by the American Egg Board (20020728), from Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals (10040042), and the Ray W. Poppleton Endowment (P.G.P., J.M.), and NSF Center funding (EEC‐0914790). The project was supported by NIH grants R21OD017244 and R01NS047175 (P.G.P., J.M.), and by the National Center for Research Resources UL1RR025755, UL1TR001070, and NCI P30CA16058 (OSUCCC), and supported by the NIH Roadmap for Medical Research.
Breast revision after mastectomy, whole breast reconstruction, and postmastectomy radiation therapy (2020)

Revision of an irradiated flap often leads to poor healing because tissues have lost the capacity for normal fibrin deposition and healing secondary to dysfunctional fibroblast stem cells. Irradiation of a flap can defeat the purpose of transferring well-vascularized tissue to an irradiated chest wall, where the objective is to transfer non-irradiated cellular elements. Placement of an acellular dermal matrices (ADM) in an implant-based reconstruction that will be irradiated may reduce the chance and extent of breast revision. Utilization of ADM can also render any revision more robust and safe by providing a strong layer for mastectomy wound closure in the event that an implant exchange is required. Irradiated flaps have lost the capacity for normal wound healing, and attempts at revision may lead to wound healing problems. Thus, wounds can be very slow to heal or may require a vacuum-assisted closure device or even fashioning of another flap.
A low temperature bottom-up approach for the synthesis of few layered graphene nanosheets via C–C bond formation using a modified Ullmann reaction (2015)

A low temperature, single-pot, bottom-up approach for the synthesis of few layered graphene sheets using the modified Ullmann reaction is reported.
Sputtered AlN Thin Films for Piezoelectric MEMS Devices - FBAR Resonators and Accelerometers (2010)

Polycrystalline AlN films were prepared by reactive sputtering; optimized piezoelectric and crystalline properties were obtained at right sputtering conditions. Two types of piezoelectric MEMS devices, surface-micromachined resonators and bulk-micromachined accelerometers, utilizing longitudinal (d33 mode) and transverse (d31 mode) piezoelectric effects were fabricated and characterized. We demonstrate a unique approach to integrating multiple-frequency FBARs in a single chip. By controlling in-plane dimensions of the periodic tuning patterns, resonance frequencies of modified FBARs are modulated corresponding to the mass loading percentages. As a result, multiple-frequency FBARs can be lithographically defined by a single deposition/patterning processing sequence. To obtain a desirable frequency response, a pure frequency shift, the pitch of the tuning patterns needs to be smaller than the membrane thickness. This approach provides a potential solution for integrating multiplefrequency FBAR filters of adjacent bands or frequency trimming. The fabricated piezoelectric resonators achieve a Q of 1000 and an electromechanical coupling of 6.5% at for all frequency-tuned FBARs, was maintained 2GHz. The effective coupling coefficient within 90% of the non-modified one. Vibration condition monitoring requires a very low acceleration noise floor at low frequency in order to be able to detect small acceleration amplitudes. In this chapter we have presented a new sensing structure for piezoelectric accelerometers improving the overall signal-tonoise ratio such that the fabricated accelerometers fulfill the vibration condition monitoring requirements. The devices take advantage of tapered beams resulting in stress concentration on the electrode area. As a result, the accelerometer charge sensitivity increases while at the same time both the sensor capacitance and the dissipation factor can be reduced therewith improving the electrical-thermal acceleration noise. Thus, the novel sensing structure features smallest die size due to its distinguished area utilization. The sensing structure has been designed to have low transverse sensitivity and to be reliable introducing four balanced bars designed to connect the four sensing beams at node positions therefore, the whole structure is stiffer in the X-Y direction but without impairing the resonance frequency and charge sensitivity. Experimental results confirm the significantly improved sensitivity of the accelerometers obtained with the proposed sensing structures. The tested charge sensitivity is 5.2pC/g and . the measured total noise floor of sensor plus interface electronics is as low as 670ng/
A06 Chdi-00340246, A Kynurenine Monooxygenase Inhibitor As Potential Therapeutic Agent For The Treatment Of Huntington's Disease (2014)

<h3></h3> Deregulation of the Kynurenine Pathway, has been causally implicated in the pathophysiology of HD. Metabolites of this pathway have been shown to be neurotoxic (3-Hydroxy kynurenine (3-HK) and Quinolinic Acid (QA), while kynurenine (KYN) and kynurenic acid (KYNA) have been described as neuroprotective. Pathway deregulation showing increased in the neurotoxic metabolites has been reported in postmortem striatum and cortex samples of early grade HD brains as compared to controls, and in HD mice models R6/2, YAC128 and HdhQ111. The collective evidence for the implication of these metabolites in the pathophysiology of HD highlights the KP pathway as an attractive therapeutic intervention point in this disease. Inhibition of KMO, a key enzyme in the pathway, should shunt the pathway away from the toxic metabolites 3-HK and QA and towards the formation of the protective metabolite KYNA. The potential of KMO as HD target has been shown in a yeast, flies and mice models of HD. This talk will describe CHDI’s efforts towards obtaining a series of potent and selective inhibitors of KMO. Will speak to the PK/PD effects that we have obtained with our lead compound CHDI-00340246 (‘246), a compound that warrants further consideration for pharmaceutical development in HD. ‘246 has been declared a clinical candidate and an upcoming GLP-tox study in rodents and NHPs is planned. In addition we will present the methods development efforts that have been undertaken in support of a clinical biomarker study.
Decreased Carotenoid Content in Preaponeurotic Orbital Fat of Patients With Involutional Ptosis (2005)

Patients with involutional ptosis show trends toward having lower carotenoid content in preaponeurotic fat. Further investigation of the potential role of orbital fat carotenoids in the development of involutional ptosis is warranted.
Dual EZH2 and EHMT2 histone methyltransferase inhibition increases biological efficacy in breast cancer cells (2015)

We have demonstrated that dual inhibition of EZH2 and EHMT2 is more effective at eliciting biological responses of gene transcription and cancer cell growth inhibition compared to inhibition of single HKMTs, and we report the first dual EZH2-EHMT1/2 substrate competitive inhibitors that are functional in cells.
In vitro heat effect on heterooligomeric subunit assembly of thermostable indolepyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (1998)

Indolepyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (IOR) from hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus kodakaraensis KOD1 catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of arylpyruvates by forming a heterooligomeric complex (alpha2beta2). The genes iorA and iorB which encode respective alpha and beta subunits, were coexpressed heterologously in Escherichia coli cells under anaerobic conditions. IOR activity was detected from the cell extract containing both subunits and its activity was enhanced by in vitro heat treatment prior to the assay. The iorA and iorB were expressed individually and each subunit was examined for enzymatic activity with and without heat treatment. IOR activity was detected neither from the extract of alpha subunit nor beta subunit. The alpha and beta subunits were mixed and then IOR activity was examined. Weak IOR activity was detected without heat treatment, however, upon heat treatment its activity was enhanced. The mixture of individually heat treated alpha and beta subunits did not possess any IOR activity even though the mixed sample was heat treated again. IOR alpha and beta subunits were individually purified to homogeneity, mixed with or without heat treatment and subunit assembly was examined by determining molecular mass. Upon heat treatment, inactive alpha and beta were converted to an active high molecular weight complex (195 kDa) which corresponds to the alpha2beta2 structure. However, the active complex was not formed without heat treatment, suggesting that high temperature environments are important for the heterooligomerization of IOR subunits.
Structuring biofilm communities living in pesticide contaminated water (2020)

The wide use of pesticides in agriculture expose microbiota to stressful conditions that require the development of survival strategies. The bacterial response to many pollutants has not been elucidated in detail, as well as the evolutionary processes that occur to build adapted communities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bacterial population structure and adaptation strategies in planktonic and biofilm communities in limited environments, as tanks containing water used for washing herbicide containers. This biodiversity, with high percentage of nonculturable microorganisms, was characterized based on habitat and abiotic parameters using molecular and bioinformatics tools. According to water and wastewater standards, the physicochemical conditions of the tank water were inadequate for survival of the identified bacteria, which had to develop survival strategies in this hostile environment. The biodiversity decreased in the transition from planktonic to biofilm samples, indicating a possible association between genetic drift and selection of individuals that survive under stressful conditions, such as heating in water and the presence of chlorine, fluorine and agrochemicals over a six-month period. The abundance of <i>Enterobacter, Acinetobacter</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> in biofilms from water tanks was linked to essential processes, deduced from the genes attributed to these taxonomic units, and related to biofilm formation, structure and membrane transport, quorum sensing and xenobiotic degradation. These characteristics were randomly combined and fixed in the biofilm community. Thus, communities of biofilm bacteria obtained under these environmental conditions serve as interesting models for studying herbicide biodegradation kinetics and the prospects of consortia suitable for use in bioremediation in reservoirs containing herbicide-contaminated wastewater, as biofilters containing biofilm communities capable of degrading herbicides.
Erratum: “Compositional and phase dependence of elastic modulus of crystalline and amorphous Hf1-<i>x</i>Zr<i>x</i>O2 thin films” [Appl. Phys. Lett. <b>118</b>, 102901 (2021)] (2021)

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Fully printed high-density temperature sensor array (Conference Presentation) (2022)

We present a fully printed temperature array yielding a total of 625 sensor pixel on a 12 mm by 12 mm area. Screen and aerosol jet printing are combined to fabricate the sensor stack. The active area features a bottom and top silver electrode sandwiching a thermoplastic based thermistor material. Due to the robust behavior towards humidity no encapsulation or special treatment was necessary. The sensor was operated between 0°C to 110°C exhibiting measurement accuracy of +/- 1°C. As demonstration, a laser was used to heat the sensor array locally and its beam properties and diameter could be observed.
Chondrocyte gene expression in osteoarthritis: Correlation with disease severity (2006)

Osteoarthritis is characterized by a progressive degradation of cartilage structure and function. This study tests the hypothesis that disease severity is characterized by alterations in expression of cartilage-specific genes for aggrecan and collagen type II. Cartilage, discarded from six subjects undergoing knee replacement, was subdivided into homogeneous portions by the surgeon according to the Outerbridge classification. For four subjects, it was possible to separate the tissue into two or three fractions with different disease severity. Portions of each sample were prepared either for histological analysis and ranking according to the Mankin system or for RNA extraction. Quantitative, competitive RT-PCR assays were used for measurement of mRNA for aggrecan, collagen type II, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Clinical grading was correlated with histological score (Spearman r = 0.60, p = 0.043). There was a striking decrease in expression of aggrecan and collagen II that was correlated with increase in the grade in regions of cartilage within an individual subject. In the series of 12 samples, there was an inverse correlation between aggrecan expression and osteoarthritis grade (Spearman r = -0.59, p = 0.042). In conclusion, there was an inverse relationship between regional disease severity in osteoarthritis and expression of aggrecan. Use of quantitative, competitive RT-PCR is practical for assessment of chondrocyte gene signatures.
Material-separating regularizer for multi-energy x-ray tomography (2021)

Abstract Dual-energy x-ray tomography is considered in a context where the target under imaging consists of two distinct materials. The materials are assumed to be possibly intertwined in space, but at any given location there is only one material present. Further, two x-ray energies are chosen so that there is a clear difference in the spectral dependence of the attenuation coefficients of the two materials. A novel regularizer is presented for the inverse problem of reconstructing separate tomographic images for the two materials. A combination of two things, (a) non-negativity constraint, and (b) penalty term containing the inner product between the two material images, promotes the presence of at most one material in a given pixel. A preconditioned interior point method is derived for the minimization of the regularization functional. Numerical tests with digital phantoms suggest that the new algorithm outperforms the baseline method, joint total variation regularization, in terms of correctly material-characterized pixels. While the method is tested only in a two-dimensional setting with two materials and two energies, the approach readily generalizes to three dimensions and more materials. The number of materials just needs to match the number of energies used in imaging.
The science of subjectivity (2011)

While the evidence-based approach of science is lauded for introducing objectivity to processes of investigation, the role of subjectivity in science is less often highlighted in scientific literature. Nevertheless, the scientific method comprises at least two components: forming hypotheses, and
Reflective Inquiries: a multi-dimensional approach to user research (2008)

As focus in the HCI community continues to move beyond the office, a key challenge for interaction design researchers and practitioners is developing a reflective sensibility for understanding the real and situated complexity of everyday life. While HCI practice, as it owes to traditions of cognitive science and engineering, has been effective at extracting reproducible behavioural models and 'implications' to inform design for the workplace, these approaches are less helpful when applied alternate contexts, such as the home, to inspire design of affective engaging experiences. In this workshop paper we describe the methods and process of a designerly approach to multi-dimensional user research we employed to better understand the nuances of elderly families' everyday lives. We conclude with thoughts on what this type of approach suggests for designing for engaged experience.
Indications for Coronary and Cardiac Computed Tomographic Angiography (2007)

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death and disability in the developed world. Over the last several years, many noninvasive imaging techniques have been used to enhance the diagnosis of cardiac disease. One of these advances, multidetector computed tomographic angiography (CTA), has transformed computed tomography from a single-slice transaxial imaging modality to a true 3-dimensional imaging technique with the ability to acquire submillimeter volumetric data. These benefits enable novel applications of CTA for the assessment of cardiac and coronary anatomy that were not previously possible. In this report, we discuss evolving indications for coronary CTA, noncoronary cardiac CTA, and several potential future indications for cardiac CTA.
IKBKE Is a Substrate of EGFR and a Therapeutic Target in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer with Activating Mutations of EGFR (2016)

Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) marked by EGFR mutations tend to develop resistance to therapeutic EGFR inhibitors, often due to secondary mutation EGFR(T790M) but also other mechanisms. Here we report support for a rationale to target IKBKE, an IκB kinase family member that activates the AKT and NF-κB pathways, as one strategy to address NSCLC resistant to EGFR inhibitors. While wild-type and mutant EGFR directly interacted with IKBKE, only mutant EGFR phosphorylated IKBKE on residues Y153 and Y179. The unphosphorylatable mutant IKBKE-Y153F/Y179-F that lost kinase activity failed to activate AKT and inhibited EGFR signaling. In clinical specimens of NSCLC with activating mutations of EGFR, we observed elevated levels of phospho-Y153 IKBKE. IKBKE ablation with shRNA or small-molecule inhibitor amlexanox selectively inhibited the viability of NSCLC cells with EGFR mutations in vitro In parallel, we found that these treatments activated the MAPK pathway due to attenuation of an IKBKE feedback mechanism. In vivo studies revealed that combining amlexanox with MEK inhibitor AZD6244 significantly inhibited the xenograft tumor growth of NSCLC cells harboring activating EGFR mutations, including EGFR(T790M) Overall, our findings define IKBKE as a direct effector target of EGFR and provide a therapeutic rationale to target IKBKE as a strategy to eradicate EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC cells. Cancer Res; 76(15); 4418-29. ©2016 AACR.
A software platform for developing multi-player pervasive games using small programmable object technologies (2008)

In this paper we present a platform for developing mobile, locative and collaborative distributed games comprised of small programmable object technologies (e.g., wireless sensor networks) and traditional networked processors. The platform is implemented using a combination of JAVA Standard and Mobile editions, targeting also mobile phones that have some kind of sensors installed. We briefly present the architecture of our platform and demonstrate its capabilities by reporting two pervasive multiplayer games. The key characteristic of these games is that players interact with each other and their surrounding environment by moving, running and gesturing as a means to perform game related actions, using small programmable object technologies.
Supplementary Table S1 from Transcriptional Silencing of &lt;i&gt;ALDH2&lt;/i&gt; Confers a Dependency on Fanconi Anemia Proteins in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The E2/E3 sgRNA guide sequences.&lt;/p&gt;
Polarized Far‐Infrared Emission from the Core and Envelope of the Sagittarius B2 Molecular Cloud (1997)

We have detected linear polarization in the 115 μm continuum radiation from the giant molecular cloud Sagittarius B2. We found polarization at nine positions in the dense cloud core and at 15 positions in the less-dense envelope. The polarization in the core is due to absorption by magnetically aligned grains and that in the envelope is due to emission from magnetically aligned grains. The inferred magnetic field direction is roughly north-south everywhere, but with spatially smooth variations of up to 30°. By considering our data together with Zeeman splitting observations we are able to set a conservative lower limit of 150 μG on the strength of the large-scale field in the envelope. If large-scale fields this strong are common in Galactic center clouds, they could be detectable via large-beam Zeeman measurements. For positions in the envelope that are furthest from the core, the field is nearly parallel to the plane of the Galaxy. This is consistent with the idea of a globally azimuthal magnetic field in the Galactic center neutral gas layer, which is expected if gravitational forces dominate magnetic forces.
Therapeutic potential of curcumin in prostate cancer—IV: Interference with the osteomimetic properties of hormone refractory C4‐2B prostate cancer cells (2003)

The highly metastatic C4-2B prostate cancer cell line is already "programmed" to exhibit the bone-like properties that would at least in part explain its affinity to set up osseous metastases. Curcumin is able to interfere with the osteoblastic component as well as the osteoclastic component of this phenotype, by interfering with the growth factor receptor pathways and by inhibiting the NF-kappa B activation process. It is concluded that curcumin may inhibit the growth factor collaboration between the prostate cancer cells and the osteoblast/stromal cells, thus exhibiting a potential to prevent the establishment of bony metastases.
Reaction of Diazole Anions with Hexafluorobanzene: An Unexpectedly Facile Entry into Hexa(diazol-1-yl)benzenes (1993)

Diazole anions react with hexafluorobenzene to give hexa(diazo1-1-yl)benzenes in excellent yield, even with unfavorable reaction stoichiometries.In contrast, pyrrole anions give predominantly or exclusively 1,4-disubstituted products.This novel hexasubstitution reaction is discussed in terms of an S R N ~ mechanism.During the course of a herbicide discovery project we designed a series of 1,4-bis(azol-1-yl)benzenes as candidate herbicides.Our initial route of entry relied on the well described nucleophilic aromatic substitution chemistry characteristic of perlluoroaromatics2 and of hexafluorobenzene in particular, generally providing 1 ,Cdisubstituted products (eq.1).3Despite a recent report that imidazole anion fails to react with C6F6 even under relatively vigorous conditions (24 h.80 "C, DMSO or t-BuOH)~, we have found that diazole anions react readily with C6F6 at room temperature or slightly above to give the rnsubstitution products irrespective of reaction stoichiometry (eq.2).Products were characterized chiefly by mass spectrometry, together with 1 9 ~ nmr and elemental combustion analysis.