gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Activity of the New Quinolone WCK 771 against Staphylococci (2004)

The activity of WCK 771, an experimental quinolone developed to overcome quinolone resistance in staphylococci and other bacteria, was determined against quinolone-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis. WCK 771 MICs for 50 and 90% of the strains tested (MIC(50) and MIC(90), respectively) were 0.008 and 0.015 microg/ml for S. aureus (n = 43) and 0.015 and 0.03 microg/ml for S. epidermidis (n = 44) for quinolone-susceptible isolates, compared to ciprofloxacin values of 0.12 and 0.25 microg/ml and 0.25 and 0.5 microg/ml, respectively. Values for levofloxacin were 0.12 and 0.25 microg/ml and 0.12 and 0.25 microg/ml, those for clinafloxacin were 0.015 and 0.03 microg/ml and 0.015 and 0.03 microg/ml, those for moxifloxacin were 0.03 and 0.06 microg/ml and 0.06 and 0.12 microg/ml, and those for gatifloxacin were 0.06 and 0.12 microg/ml and 0.12 and 0.25 microg/ml, respectively. The WCK 771 MIC(50) and MIC(90), respectively, were 0.5 and 1 microg/ml for both species of staphylococci (n = 73 for S. aureus, n = 70 for S. epidermidis) for isolates highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (MIC(50) and MIC(90), >32 and >32 microg/ml, respectively). Values for levofloxacin were 8 and 32 microg/ml and 8 and 32 microg/ml, those for clinafloxacin were 1 and 2 microg/ml and 0.5 and 2 microg/ml, those for moxifloxacin 4 and >4 microg/ml and 4 and >4 microg/ml, and those for gatifloxacin were 4 and >4 microg/ml and 2 and >4 microg/ml, respectively. WCK 771 and clinafloxacin demonstrated MICs of 1 microg/ml against three vancomycin-intermediate strains. WCK 771 showed concentration-independent killing for up to 24 h at 2, 4, and 8 times the MICs against quinolone-resistant staphylococci and was also bactericidal after 8 h for high-density inocula (10(8) CFU/ml) of quinolone-resistant strains at 5 microg/ml, whereas moxifloxacin at 7.5 microg/ml was bacteriostatic. WCK 771 was not a substrate of the NorA efflux pump as evident from the similar MICs against both an efflux-positive and an efflux-negative strain. Overall, WCK 771 was the most potent quinolone tested against the staphylococci tested, regardless of quinolone susceptibility.
Parity-time-symmetric coupled microring lasers operating around an exceptional point (2015)

The behavior of a parity-time (PT) symmetric coupled microring system is studied when operating in the vicinity of an exceptional point. Using the abrupt phase transition around this point, stable single-mode lasing is demonstrated in spectrally multi-moded micro-ring arrangements.
Unscented Kalman filter for non-linear estimation of induction machine parameters (2012)

In a previous authors&apos; work, a short circuit and start-up tests have been used with the so-called two steps identification method to compute the induction machine&apos;s (IM) electrical and mechanical parameters. This latter approach was unable to compute IM parameters with a single dynamic test and could not be applied when IM identification data are noise corrupted. In the present study, the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is used as non-linear optimal predictor for the saturated electromechanical stochastic dynamic model of IM. In order to overcome the uncertainty on the knowledge of noise-model parameters, the maximum likelihood estimation algorithm is combined to the UKF to compute IM parameters. The technique is successfully applied for the parameters estimation of a 2-kW, 4-pole, 10-A, 60-Hz laboratory induction motor using a start-up test noisy corrupted data. Furthermore, a cross-validation of the estimated model using short-circuit test greatly attests to the effectiveness and validity of the estimated IM model in a wide range of applications.
High-frequency acoustic impedance tube based on MEMS microphones (2021)

Acoustic impedance tubes are commonly used to measure a test specimen's acoustic characteristics, such as reflection factor, absorption coefficient, or acoustic impedance, in combination with one or two condenser measurement microphones according to associated standards. In the development process of an impedance tube, the microphone diaphragm's size has an important role in the measurement quality. On the one hand, the microphone diameter has to be large enough to ensure the possibility of measuring at low sound pressure levels (SPLs), but on the other hand, the size of the microphone diaphragm should be small in order not to influence the sound propagation through the impedance tube due to the microphone coupling. Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) microphones are recently widely applied in various acoustic applications due to their small size and high sensitivity. This paper proposes the development of an acoustic impedance tube equipped with 16 MEMS microphones and an inner diameter of 8 mm with an operating frequency range between 60 Hz and 16 kHz. The bottom port MEMS microphones are connected via a 1 mm hole to the tube. The system evaluation is based on standard test specimens like empty probe adapters, rigid termination, and porous absorbers.
Imaging hidden objects by transforming scattering surfaces into computational holographic sensors (2016)

Light bouncing off rough surfaces is used to illuminate hidden objects and intercept the subsequently diffracted light. A hologram of the hidden objects is developed by processing interferograms assembled at the rough surface.
Multipath Aided Rapid Acquisition Techniques for Spread Spectrum Signals (2006)

Spread-spectrum systems with large transmission bandwidth present significant challenges from the standpoint of achieving acquisition before the communication commences. This paper investigates a rapid acquisition procedure that exploits multipath to aid the synchronization. In particular, we consider a randomized search strategy and derive the corresponding mean acquisition time (MAT). We show that the MAT of the randomized search is at most twice the MAT of the optimal serial search. Using our results, we compare various search techniques in a multipath fading channel
IKKγ Inhibits Activation of NF-κB by NIK (2004)

IKKγ is a component of the IKK complex, which regulates NF-κB activity. To investigate the role of IKKγ, we expressed wild type IKKγ containing 412 amino acids, and deletion mutants containing residues 1-312 and 101-412, using murine IKKγ cDNA. In a cotransfection assay with a CAT reporter plasmid, NIK activated NF-κB-dependent gene expression approximately two fold and this expression was inhibited by co-transfection of a wild type IKKγ expression plasmid. In binding assays IKKγ inhibited the association of IκBα with IKKβ and the subsequent phosphorylation of IκBα that is activated by NIK. Inhibition by IKKγ also occurred in an assay with a dominant negative mutant of NIK but not with a C-terminal deletion mutant of IKKγ, indicating that the C-terminal 100 amino acids of IKKγ are important for negative regulation of NF-κB activation. In addition, the interaction of IKKβ with IKKγ was inhibited by co-transfection with a NIK expression plasmid. Our results suggest that overexpression of IKKγ inhibits activation of NF-κB by NIK by competing with NIK for interaction with IKKβ.
What Is Aromaticity? (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWhat Is Aromaticity?Douglas LloydView Author Information School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, ScotlandCite this: J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1996, 36, 3, 442–447Publication Date (Web):May 23, 1996Publication History Received17 October 1995Published online23 May 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ci950158ghttps://doi.org/10.1021/ci950158gresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1262Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Addition reactions,Aromatic compounds,Aromaticity,Hydrocarbons,Reaction products Get e-Alerts
The Use of Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to Study the Binding of Viral Proteins to the Adenovirus Genome In Vivo (2013)

The encapsidation of adenovirus (Ad) DNA into virus particles depends on cis-acting sequences located at the left end of the viral genome. Repeated DNA sequences in the packaging domain contribute to viral DNA encapsidation and several viral proteins bind to these repeats when analyzed using in vitro DNA-protein binding assays. In this chapter, we describe a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) approach to study the binding of viral proteins to packaging sequences in vivo. This assay permits accurate quantification over a wide range of DNA concentrations. The use of formaldehyde cross-linking to stabilize DNA-protein and protein-protein complexes formed in vivo allows the identification of macromolecular complexes found in living cells.
Preventive Effect of Iganidipine on Renal and Cerebral Injuries in Salt-Induced Hypertension (1997)

Iganidipine, a new water-soluble calcium antagonist, was administered at a nonhypotensive dose (NHD) of 0.3 mg/kg/day, a moderate-hypotensive dose (MHD) of 1.0 mg/kg/day, and a sustained-hypotensive dose (SHD) of 3.0 mg/kg/day to Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl-S) rats fed a high-salt diet for 8 weeks. The effects on survival, and on renal and cerebral injuries, were then examined. Iganidipine completely prevented hypertensive death at the SHD and tended to increase the survival at the NHD and MHD. Iganidipine reduced glomerulosclerosis and renal arterial and tubular injuries in a dose-dependent manner. Iganidipine at the SHD, but not NHD or MHD, improved plasma creatinine, serum urea nitrogen, and glomerular filtration rate. Iganidipine at all doses examined increased the urinary prostaglandin (PG) I2 and PGE2, but not PGF2alpha or thromboxane B2, and decreased plasma angiotensin II (AII) level and renin activity. The renal glomerular, tubular, and arterial injuries were significantly correlated with blood pressure (r = 0.56 to 0.80) and plasma AII level (r = 0.50 to 0.71) but not with urinary prostanoids. Iganidipine also reduced the incidence of cerebral infarction. The infarction area was slightly and significantly correlated with urinary PGI2 (r = 0.42) and PGE2 (r = 0.41) but not with blood pressure or plasma AII. In conclusion, iganidipine prevented renal and cerebral injuries in Dahl-S rats. In addition to the reduced blood pressure, the reduction of plasma AII and the increase of vasodilatory prostanoids may also partially contribute to the renal and cerebral protective effects of iganidipine.
Invited Review On Spectral Relaxation in Proteins (2000)

During the past several years there has been debate about the origins of nonexponential intensity decays of intrinsic tryptophan (trp) fluorescence of proteins, especially for single tryptophan proteins (STP). In this review we summarize the data from diverse sources suggesting that time-dependent spectral relaxation is a ubiquitous feature of protein fluorescence. For most proteins, the observations from numerous laboratories have shown that for trp residues in proteins (1) the mean decay times increase with increasing observation wavelength; (2) decay associated spectra generally show longer decay times for the longer wavelength components; and (3) collisional quenching of proteins usually results in emission spectral shifts to shorter wavelengths. Additional evidence for spectral relaxation comes from the time-resolved emission spectra that usually shows time-dependent shifts to longer wavelengths. These overall observations are consistent with spectral relaxation in proteins occurring on a subnanosecond timescale. These results suggest that spectral relaxation is a significant if not dominant source of nonexponential decay in STP, and should be considered in any interpretation of nonexponential decay of intrinsic protein fluorescence.
Planar spatial correlations, anisotropy, and specific surface area of stationary random porous media (1998)

An earlier result of the author showed that an anisotropic spatial correlation function of a random porous medium could be used to compute the specific surface area when it is stationary as well as anisotropic by first performing a three-dimensional radial average and then taking the first derivative with respect to lag at the origin. This result generalized the earlier result for isotropic porous media of Debye et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 28, 679 (1957)]. The present article provides more detailed information about the use of spatial correlation functions for anisotropic porous media and in particular shows that, for stationary anisotropic media, the specific surface area can be related to the derivative of the two-dimensional radial average of the correlation function measured from cross sections taken through the anisotropic medium. The main concept is first illustrated using a simple pedagogical example for an anisotropic distribution of spherical voids. Then, a general derivation of formulas relating the derivative of the planar correlation functions to surface integrals is presented. When the surface normal is uniformly distributed (as is the case for any distribution of spherical voids), our formulas can be used to relate a specific surface area to easily measurable quantities from any single cross section. When the surface normal is not distributed uniformly (as would be the case for an oriented distribution of ellipsoidal voids), our results show how to obtain valid estimates of specific surface area by averaging measurements on three orthogonal cross sections. One important general observation for porous media is that the surface area from nearly flat cracks may be underestimated from measurements on orthogonal cross sections if any of the cross sections happen to lie in the plane of the cracks. This result is illustrated by taking the very small aspect ratio (penny-shaped crack) limit of an oblate spheroid, but holds for other types of flat surfaces as well.
Déploiement de l’IA en situation de travail : une trop faible considération de l’expérience des employé·es ? (2023)

Les récents travaux sur l’acceptabilité des solutions intégrant de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) en situation de travail se focalisent sur la prise en compte des facteurs humains et des facteurs intrinsèques à l’outil comme déterminants de l’adoption par les employé·es. Dans cet article, nous retraçons le déploiement d’outils professionnels basés sur de l’IA dans trois cas d’usage. Nous avons exploré les motivations de ces acteurs novices dans ce type de technologie, les moyens déployés pour mener à bien leur projet ainsi que la place accordée aux employé·es dans le processus de conception. Nous constatons que l’acceptabilité des solutions IA dans ces cas d’usage semble se limiter à l’acceptation de la performance et à un retour sur investissement (ROI) à court terme au détriment de la prise en compte des besoins et craintes des employé·es. Les conséquences directement observables sont des expériences plutôt négatives pour les employé·es, un retour sur investissement peu concluant et/ou la mise à l’écart de projets. Pour limiter les risques de rejet, nous suggérons de renforcer une approche plus holistique avec des considérations mises en avant par l’UX Design. Cela se traduit notamment par le fait de déterminer les besoins du réseau de parties prenantes, d’éviter le solutionnisme technique, d’optimiser les interfaces utilisateurs pour réduire la complexité inutile et de dimensionner les solutions techniques de manière appropriée à la tâche.
Molecular Modeling and Simulation of G-Quadruplexes and Quadruplex-Ligand Complexes (2009)

Methods for the molecular modeling and simulation of G-quadruplex structures and their drug/ligand complexes are discussed, and a range of protocols is presented for undertaking a variety of tasks including model-building, ligand docking, dynamics simulation, continuum solvent modeling, energetic calculations, principal component analysis, and quantum chemical computations. The scope and limitations of these approaches are discussed.
A virtual-reality-based telerehabilitation system with force feedback (2000)

A PC-based orthopedic rehabilitation system was developed for use at home, while allowing remote monitoring from the clinic. The home rehabilitation station has a Pentium II PC with graphics accelerator, a Polhemus tracker, and a multipurpose haptic control interface. This novel interface is used to sample a patient's hand positions and to provide resistive forces using the Rutgers Master II (RMII) glove. A library of virtual rehabilitation routines was developed using WorldToolKit software. At the present time, it consists of three physical therapy exercises (DigiKey, ball, and power putty) and two functional rehabilitation exercises (peg board and ball game). These virtual reality exercises allow automatic and transparent patient data collection into an Oracle database. A remote Pentium II PC is connected with the home-based PC over the Internet and an additional video conferencing connection. The remote computer is running an Oracle server to maintain the patient database, monitor progress, and change the exercise level of difficulty. This allows for patient progress monitoring and repeat evaluations over time. The telerehabilitation system is in clinical trails at Stanford Medical School (CA), with progress being monitored from Rutgers University (NJ). Other haptic interfaces currently under development include devices for elbow and knee rehabilitation connected to the same system.
Beyond the CPU: Side–Channel Attacks on GPUs (2021)

This article demonstrates that architectural side-channel attacks are possible also on applications that use the GPUs. -Rosario Cammarota, Intel Labs -Francesco Regazzoni, University of Amsterdam and Università della Svizzera Italiana
Noise Characterization of Vortex-State GMR Sensors with Different Free Layer Thicknesses (2018)

The spin valve principle is the most prominent sensor design among giant-(GMR) and tunneling (TMR) magnetoresistive sensors. A new sensor concept with a disk shaped free layer enables the formation of a flux-closed vortex magnetization state if a certain relation of thickness to diameter is given. The low frequency noise of current-in-plane GMR sensing elements with different free layer thicknesses at different external field strengths has been measured. The measurements of the 1/f noise in external fields enabled a separation of magnetic and electric noise contributions. It has been shown that while the sensitivity is increasing with a decreasing element thickness, the pink noise contribution is increasing too. Still the detection limit at low frequencies is better in thinner free layer elements due to the higher sensitivity.
Stochastic representation of memoryless Boolean functions: application to boundary estimation at low contrast (2002)

Earlier work on parallel computation of generalized Bayesian hypothesis tests for hierarchical image reconstruction on massively parallel processor arrays is extended to incorporate pattern constraints specified with Boolean functions defined on symbolic imaging variables. This is based on a stochastic representation for memoryless Boolean functions following U. Grenander's work (1984) on metric pattern theory. Its application is presented to the segmentation of low-contrast textured images through an extension of J. Besag's (1986) ICM segmentation algorithm, and to image reconstruction with large point spread. Hierarchical image reconstruction in time-of-flight positron emission tomography at low count levels is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Return-Stroke Multiplicity of Negative Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Flashes (2003)

The percentage of negative lightning flashes composed of a single stroke is examined. This percentage is estimated from data reported by the U.S. National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) for Florida and New Mexico and is compared with that determined from electric field and optical observations in these two states. The latter observations allowed a very accurate stroke count and, therefore, were used as the ground truth in the comparison. The percentage of negative single-stroke flashes reported by the NLDN is a factor of 2-3 higher than from the accurate-stroke-count studies in Florida (44% vs 17%) and is a factor of 3-4 higher in New Mexico (51% vs 14%). The observed discrepancies suggest that many small subsequent strokes are missed by the NLDN because these strokes fail to exceed the system's trigger threshold level so that only one stroke per flash is recorded in many multiple-stroke flashes. The percentage of negative single-stroke flashes reported by the Austrian lightning detection network is 40%, similar to the percentages reported by the NLDN for Florida and New Mexico. Percentages of single-stroke flashes determined from accurate-stroke-count studies in Sweden and Sri Lanka, which represent additional meteorologically distinct regimes, are 18% and 21%, respectively, in fair agreement with the Florida and New Mexico accurate-stroke-count studies. From comparison of the NLDNreported and ground-truth data, it is possible to estimate the NLDN stroke and flash detection efficiencies. If the NLDN stroke detection efficiency were the same for both first and subsequent strokes, the percentage of single-stroke flashes and number of strokes per flash reported by the NLDN for Florida (44% and 2.4, respectively) would correspond to a stroke detection efficiency of about 40% and a flash detection efficiency of about 78%. A similar approach to the New Mexico data would yield a stroke detection efficiency of about 20% and a flash detection efficiency of about 62%.
Entrapped central venous catheter after mitral valve replacement and its surgical retrieval (2012)

Central venous pressure monitoring line insertion is routine prior to the conduct of cardiac surgery, and in rare instances, malposition can contribute to operative complications. We describe here how a central venous line lying in the right atrium became caught in a left atrial (LA) closure suture during a mitral valve replacement. The opening of the LA suture line is highly unsafe without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) because of the possibility of systemic air embolism, but by employing an ingenious method of suturing over and unravelling the continuous sutures closing the left atrium, it was possible to surgically retrieve it without the use of a CPB.