gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P4689Comparison of high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) and high-sensitivity troponin I (hs-TnI) in the exclusion of acute coronary syndrome in patients with chest pain in the emergency department (2017)

To investigate the long-term outcome of patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) divided by the angiographic degree of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods and results: We examined 7.271 consecutive patients admitted for first time NSTEMI during 2000-2011, to whom coronary angiography was performed within 30 days. Patients with three vessel disease were excluded, as well as patients with previous revascularization or known heart failure. Patients previous stroke were excluded from the analysis of stroke outcome. Patients were classified by coronary angiography to: obstructive coronary artery disease (OCAD) group if they have 1 or 2-vessel disease and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD) group if they had either angiographically normal coronary arteries or diffuse atherosclerosis without significant stenosis. Follow-up period: 13 years (median 4.5). One-year/5-years mortality for NSTEMI patients in the OCAD group was 248 (4.3%) /541 (16.2%), and in the NOCAD group was 76 (5.2%) /153 (19.7%). OCAD patients had lower risk of mortality (HR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.58-0.80; P<0.001), lower risk of heart failure (HR 0.81; 95% CI: 0.67-0.97; P 0.02), lower risk of stroke (HR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.49-0.94; P 0.02) and higher risk of recurrent MI (HR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.44-2.33; P<0.001) compared with patients in the NOCAD group.
Screening for atrial fibrillation to prevent stroke in elderly individuals with or without preexisting cardiovascular disease: A post hoc analysis of the randomized LOOP Study (2022)

In an elderly, at-risk population, ILR screening did not prevent stroke significantly in individuals with CVD, whereas screening was associated with approximately 40% stroke risk reduction among those without CVD. However, these findings should be considered as hypothesis-generating and warrant further study.
Design principles for ultra-dense Wi-Fi deployments (2018)

Future indoor networks need to provide broadband services either by increasing bandwidth, using higher order modulations and high spatial reuse. To this end, ultra-dense Wi-Fi networks need to be deployed. This work discusses the challenges of ultra-dense Wi-Fi networks, where inter-AP distances are 5 m or less, and discuss necessary requirements to maximize the high spatial reuse of radio resources through the use of adaptive Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) thresholds and downward facing directional antennas. We also examine the significant impact of uplink transmissions, and present the necessary uplink transmit power control in ultra-dense deployments to avoid the interference coming from hidden nodes in neighboring APs. With the proposed techniques and antennas in place, we show that the limitations placed by high contention and interference in ultra-dense deployments can be overcome to provide over 8 χ gains in downlink throughput when compared with APs with omni-directional and unadjusted CCA thresholds.
<scp> <scp> Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> </scp> </scp> – <scp> <scp> Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> </scp> </scp> and <scp> <scp> Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> </scp> </scp> – <scp> <scp>Ti</scp> </scp> Solder Joints—Influence of Ceramic Metallization and Thermal Pretreatment on Joint Properties (2012)

In this work, Al 2 O 3 – Al 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 – Ti solder joints intended for space applications were realized by applying metallic multilayers both on Ti and on polycrystalline Al 2 O 3 substrates to ensure wetting during the soldering process. The eutectic Au‐12Ge (wt%) alloy with a melting point of 361°C was used as solder material and two different multilayer systems on the ceramic ( Cr‐Ni / Ti‐W / Au , Ti / Pt / Au ) were investigated. The influence of different thermal pretreatments of the Al 2 O 3 plates on the multilayer properties, the interface reactions during soldering and the mechanical properties were studied using Glow‐Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy ( GDOES ), X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy ( XPS ), Scanning Electron Microscopy ( SEM ) and a shear test device. It is shown that joints with a good quality can be produced at a soldering temperature of 400°C, whereas their properties and fracture behavior are strongly dependent on the metallization layer properties and the thermal pretreatments.
Brain arteriovenous malformations (2020)

Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are anomalous direct shunts between cerebral arteries and veins that convalesce into a vascular nidus. The treatment strategies for AVMs are challenging and variable. Intracranial hemorrhage and seizures comprise the most common presentations of AVMs. However, incidental AVMs are being diagnosed with increasing frequency due to widespread use of noninvasive neuroimaging. The balance between the estimated cumulative lifetime hemorrhage risk vs the risk of intervention is often the major determinant for treatment. Current management options include surgical resection, embolization, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), and observation. Complete nidal obliteration is the goal of AVM intervention. The risks and benefits of interventions vary and can be used in a combinatorial fashion. Resection of the AVM nidus affords high rates of immediate obliteration, but it is invasive and carries a moderate risk of neurologic morbidity. AVM embolization is minimally invasive, but cure can only be achieved in a minority of lesions. SRS is also minimally invasive and has little immediate morbidity, but AVM obliteration occurs in a delayed fashion, so the patient remains at risk of hemorrhage during the latency period. Whether obliteration can be achieved in unruptured AVMs with a lower risk of stroke or death compared with the natural history of AVMs remains controversial. Over the past 5 years, multicenter prospective and retrospective studies describing AVM natural history and treatment outcomes have been published. This review provides a contemporary and comprehensive discussion of the natural history, pathobiology, and interventions for brain AVMs.
Supplemental Figure 2 from Imaging Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Brain Tumors with [&lt;sup&gt;64&lt;/sup&gt;Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-CD8 PET (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PET/CT of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-CD8 in Non-HIS and Non-Tumor-Bearing Controls in PDX 160721-1. Representative co-registered PET/CT images of + Tumor - PBMC and - Tumor + PBMC NOG CIEA mouse brains 24 h following [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-CD8 tracer injection (n = 3/condition).&lt;/p&gt;
Luminosity thresholds of colored surfaces are determined by their upper-limit luminances empirically internalized in the visual system (2021)

Abstract We typically have a fairly good idea whether a given object is self-luminous or illuminated, but it is not fully understood how we make this judgement. This study aimed to identify determinants of the luminosity threshold, a luminance level at which a surface begins to appear self-luminous. We specifically tested a hypothesis that our visual system knows the maximum luminance level that a surface can reach under the physical constraint that a surface cannot reflect more light than any incident light and applies this prior to determine the luminosity thresholds. Observers were presented with a 2-degree circular test field surrounded by numerous overlapping colored circles and luminosity thresholds were measured as a function of (i) the chromaticity of the test field, (ii) the shape of surrounding color distribution and (iii) the color of the illuminant of the surrounding colors. We found that the luminosity thresholds peaked around the chromaticity of test illuminants and decreased as the purity of the test chromaticity increased. However, the loci of luminosity thresholds across chromaticities were nearly invariant to the shape of the surrounding color distribution and generally resembled the loci drawn from theoretical upper-limit luminances and upper-limit luminance boundaries of real objects. These trends were particularly evident for illuminants on the black-body locus and did not hold well under atypical illuminants such as magenta or green. These results support the idea that our visual system empirically internalizes the gamut of surface colors under natural illuminants and a given object appears self-luminous when its luminance exceeds this internalized upper-limit luminance.
Embossing of a screw thread and TCP granules enhances the fixation strength of compressed ACL grafts with interference screws (2011)

Modification of the tendon graft surface has a large influence on the biomechanical performance of interference screw fixation and results in less bone damage inflicted during insertion to a smaller tunnel diameter, while simultaneously achieving superior pullout strength.
Genome Sequence and Annotation of <i>Trichoderma parareesei</i> , the Ancestor of the Cellulase Producer <i>Trichoderma reesei</i> (2015)

The filamentous fungus Trichoderma parareesei is the asexually reproducing ancestor of Trichoderma reesei, the holomorphic industrial producer of cellulase and hemicellulase. Here, we present the genome sequence of the T. parareesei type strain CBS 125925, which contains genes for 9,318 proteins.
Application of FLOW 800 in extracranial-to-intracranial bypass surgery for moyamoya disease (2022)

The surgical treatment of moyamoya disease is heavily reliant upon a real-time understanding of cerebral hemodynamics. The application of FLOW 800 allows the surgeon to semiquantify the degree of perfusion to the cerebral cortex following extracranial-to-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery. The authors present three illustrative cases demonstrating common intraoperative findings prior to and following anastomosis using FLOW 800. All patients were diagnosed by catheter angiogram with moyamoya disease and noninvasive imaging demonstrating hemispheric hypoperfusion. Superficial temporal artery (STA)-to-middle cerebral artery (MCA or M4) bypasses were performed to augment intracranial perfusion. The patients tolerated the procedures well and were discharged without event in stable neurological condition. The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.10.FOCVID21191.
Identification of novel biofilm genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli by Tn5 transposon mutant library (2022)

Abstract Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the main pathogens that inflict the poultry industry. Biofilm as the pathogenic factors of APEC, which can enhance the anti-host immune system of APEC and improve its survival in the environment. In order to screen new genes related to APEC biofilm. The APEC strain APEC81 was used to construct a mutant library by Tn5 insertion mutagenesis. Moreover the 28 mutant strains with severely weakened biofilm were successfully screened from 1500 mutant strains by crystal violet staining, in which 17 genes were obtained by high-efficiency thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (HiTAIL-PCR). The reported genes including 3 flagella genes ( fliS, fliD, fliR ), 4 curli fimbriae genes ( csgD, csgA , csgF , csgG ) and 3 type 1 fimbriae genes ( fimA , fimD , fimC ). The novel genes including 3 coenzyme genes (gltA, bglX, mltF) and 4 putative protein genes ( yheE, 07045, 11735, 11255 ). To investigate whether these 17 genes co-regulate the biofilm, the 17 identified genes were deleted on APEC strain APEC81. The result shown that except for the 11735 and 11255 genes, the deletion of 15 genes significantly reduced the biofilm formation ability of APEC81 ( P &lt; 0.05). The result of rdar (red, dry and rough) colony morphology showed that curli fimbriae genes ( csgD , csgA , csgF , csgG ) and other functional genes ( fimC , glxK , yehE , 07045 , 11255 ) affected the colony morphology. Particularly, the hypothetical protein YehE had the greatest influence on the biofilm. It was predicted to have the same structure as type 1 fimbria protein. When yehE was deleted, the fimE transcription was up-regulated, fimA and fimB transcription were down-regulated, resulting in a decrease in type 1 fimbriae. Hence the yehE mutant significantly reduced the biofilm and the adhesion and invasion ability to cells ( P &lt; 0.05). Altogether, this study had identified 5 novel genes ( gltA, bglX, mltF, yheE, 07045 ) related to biofilm formation and confirmed that yehE affects biofilm formation by type 1 fimbriae, which will benefit for further study mechanism of biofilm regulation in APEC.
NIR Spectroscopy and Microspectroscopy Analysis of Intact Soybean Seeds for Food Applications through Composition Improvements. Version 2.0 (2011)

Abstract The soybean-derived products are among the most important agricultural products in the USA and the world. Conventional analytical methods for soybean composition analysis are both time consuming and costly. Faster and less expensive methods are required for most practical applications. To improve the accuracy, reliability and sensitivity of NIR, major advancements in instrumentation, as well as, data analysis / calibration methodology are required. Novel NIR instruments, such as DA-NIR and FT-NIR spectrometers developed in recent years have the potential for improving significantly the quantification of soybean composition at a reasonable cost. We present representative calibrations and data for intact soybean composition analysis obtained at the University of Illinois at Urbana with cutting-edge NIR instrumentation that is currently commercially available.
Akzeptanz und Geschwindigkeit von Animationen (2011)

Animationen werden zunehmend auch in betriebswirtschaftlichen Anwendungen verwendet. Allerdings gibt es im Moment nur relativ wenige Erkenntnisse zu Akzeptanz und optimaler Geschwindigkeit von Animationen in diesem Umfeld. Wir untersuchen in drei Online-Studien eine Reihe von Animationen in Unternehmenssoftware. Die Teilnehmer konnten hierbei für jede Animation die ihrer Ansicht nach optimale Geschwindigkeit einstellen. Zusätzlich konnten sie angeben, ob sie die Animation im beschriebenen Kontext für angemessen erachten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine hohe Akzeptanz von Animationen und eine generelle Präferenz für eine hohe Animationsgeschwindigkeit.
Assessing public perception and awareness of UK mandatory calorie labelling in the out-of-home sector: using Twitter and Google trends data (2022)

Objectives: In 2021 the UK government announced a new obesity policy requiring large out-of-home food outlets to provide mandatory in-store calorie labelling on food and drink items. This study aimed to examine public responses and awareness of the policy pre and post-implementation using Twitter comments and Google trends data. Methods: We examined responses to tweets from the UK Department of Health and Social Care detailing the policy and when it would be implemented and a post-implementation tweet stating the enforcement of the policy. The sentiments of the tweets were coded and the number of likes and replies extracted. We utilised google trends to examine public awareness of the policy by extracting weekly relative search volume for relevant phrases such as ‘calorie labelling’. Results: From the 276 replies/quote-tweet extracted, the majority expressed a negative sentiment towards the policy (N=197/ 71.4%). There were fewer tweets expressing a positive sentiment (N=25 / 8.7%) and a neutral/no sentiment (N=54 / 19.6%) towards the policy. There was no difference in the number of ‘likes’ or retweets between tweets expressing positive or negative sentiments. Five themes were identified expressing negative sentiments with the most common being the negative ‘impact on eating disorders’. Google trends data revealed increased searches for 'calorie labels/labelling' during the week of the policy enforcement compared previous weeks in the last 5 years. There was no significant difference in searches for specific menu calorie labelling in the weeks leading up to and post-intervention. Conclusions: This analysis revealed several negative responses and themes and increased awareness of calorie labelling relating to the announcement and implementation of the 2021 mandatory calorie labelling policy in England. A greater understanding of public responses to calorie labelling policies may help tailor future policies and public communication strategies
Prevention of excessive scar formation using nanofibrous meshes made of biodegradable elastomer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-<i>co</i>-3-hydroxyvalerate) (2020)

To reduce excessive scarring in wound healing, electrospun nanofibrous meshes, composed of haloarchaea-produced biodegradable elastomer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-<i>co</i>-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), are fabricated for use as a wound dressing. Three PHBV polymers with different 3HV content are used to prepare either solution-cast films or electrospun nanofibrous meshes. As 3HV content increases, the crystallinity decreases and the scaffolds become more elastic. The nanofibrous meshes exhibit greater elasticity and elongation at break than films. When used to culture human dermal fibroblasts in vitro, PHBV meshes give better cell attachment and proliferation, less differentiation to myofibroblasts, and less substrate contraction. In a full-thickness mouse wound model, treatment with films or meshes enables regeneration of pale thin tissues without scabs, dehydration, or tubercular scar formation. The epidermis of wounds treated with meshes develop small invaginations in the dermis within 2 weeks, indicating hair follicle and sweat gland regeneration. Consistent with the in vitro results, meshes reduce myofibroblast differentiation in vivo through downregulation of α-SMA and TGF-β1, and upregulation of TGF-β3. The regenerated wounds treated with meshes are softer and more elastic than those treated with films. These results demonstrate that electrospun nanofibrous PHBV meshes mitigate excessive scar formation by regulating myofibroblast formation, showing their promise for use as wound dressings.
Transcriptional Activity of Predominant Streptococcus Species at Multiple Oral Sites Associate With Periodontal Status (2021)

Data from the present study significantly demonstrates the association of site-specific ecological conditions and presence of periodontitis with transcriptional activity of the predominant <i>Streptococcus</i> species of the oral microbiota. In particular, pathways expressed by <i>S. parasanguinis</i> being involved in peptidoglycan, amino acid biosynthesis, glycolysis, and purine nucleotide biosynthesis were identified to be significantly associated with oral site and/or inflammation status.
Chromatic Effects in Long Periodic Transport Channels (2015)

Long periodic transport channels are frequently used in accelerator complexes and suggested for using in high-energy ERLs for electron-hadron colliders. Without proper chromaticity compensation, such transport channels exhibit high sensitivity to the random orbit errors causing significant emittance growth. Such emittance growth can come from both the correlated and the uncorrelated energy spread. In this paper we present results of our theoretical and numerical studies of such effects and develop a criteria for acceptable chromaticity in such channels
TEI Lex-0 Etym: Toward Terse Recommendations for the Encoding of Etymological Information (2022)

The present paper describes the specific contribution of the TEI Lex-0 initiative, which aims to define a terser subset of the TEI Guidelines for the representation of etymological features in dictionary entries. Going beyond the basic provision of etymological mechanisms in the TEI Guidelines, TEI Lex-0 Etym proposes a systematic representation of etymological and cognate descriptions by means of embedded constructs based on the &lt;etym&gt; (for etymologies) and &lt;cit&gt; (for etymons and cognates) elements. In particular, given that all the potential contents of etymons are highly analogous to those of dictionary entries in general, the contents presented herein heavily reuse many of the corresponding features and constraints introduced in other components of TEI Lex-0 for the encoding of etymologies and etymons. The TEI Lex-0 Etym model is also closely aligned with ISO 24613–3 on modeling etymological data and the corresponding TEI serialization available in ISO 24613–4.
Role of phosphate limitation and pyruvate decarboxylase in rewiring of the metabolic network for increasing flux towards isoprenoid pathway in a TATA binding protein mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2018)

The study not only proposes a probable mechanism as to how a spt15_Ala101Thr mutant (a global TATA binding protein mutant) could increase flux towards the isoprenoid pathway, but also PDC as a new route of metabolic manipulation for increasing the isoprenoid flux in yeast.
Evolving rule-based models: A tool for intelligent adaptation (2002)

An online approach for rule-base evolution by recursive adaptation of rule structure and parameters is described . An integral part of the procedure is to maximise the model transparency by simplifying the fuzzy linguistic descriptions of the input variables. The rule base evolves over time, utilising direct calculation approaches and hence minimising the reliance on the use of computationally expensive techniques, such as genetic algorithms. An online version of subtractive clustering recently introduced by the authors (P.P. Angelov and R.A. Buswell) is used for determination of the antecedent part of the fuzzy rules. Recursive least squares estimation is employed to determine the parameters of the consequent part of each rule. The use of these efficient non-iterative techniques is the key to the low computational demands of the algorithm. The application of similarity measures improves the interpretability and compactness of the resulting eR model, with no significant detriment to the model precision. A time series prediction problem on data from a real indoor climate control (ICC) system has been considered to test and validate the proposed model simplification method.
Development of high-speed non-contact vibration measurement system (2011)

A vibration displacement measurement system for the great test equipment based on photoelectric method is introduced. The whole system includes a linear laser for light source, a number of linear CCD data acquirement devices, a distributed network based on RS485 and the software platform. What's more the displacement resolution precision is 10μm, and displacement measurement scope is 70mm. The linear CCD sampling frequency can reach 5000 Hz. The whole system at most supports 256 units. For another, the 3D simulation result of vibration process is described. The system is demonstrated high reliability and has been applied to the multi-location displacement measurement.
Detailed routing architectures for embedded programmable logic IP cores (2001)

As the complexity of integrated circuits increases, the ability to make post-fabrication changes to fixed ASIC chips will become more and more attractive. This ability can be realized using programmable logic cores. These cores are blocks of programmable logic that can be embedded into a fixed-function ASIC or a custom chip. Such cores differ from stand-alone FPGAs in that they can take on a variety of shapes and sizes. With this in mind, we investigate the detailed routing characteristics of rectangular programmable logic cores. We quantify the effects of having different x and y channel capacities, and show that the optimum ratio between the x and y channel widths for a rectangular core is between 1.2 and 1.5. We also present a new switch block family optimized for rectangular cores. Compared to a simple extension of an existing switch block, our new architecture leads to an 8.7% improvement in density with little effect on speed. Finally, we show that if the channel widths and switch block are chosen carefully the penalty for using a rectangular core (compared to a square core with the same logic capacity) is small; for a core with an aspect ratio of 2:1, the area penalty is 1.6% and the speed penalty is 1.1%.