gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biochemical and Structural Properties of Mouse Kynurenine Aminotransferase III (2008)

Kynurenine aminotransferase III (KAT III) has been considered to be involved in the production of mammalian brain kynurenic acid (KYNA), which plays an important role in protecting neurons from overstimulation by excitatory neurotransmitters. The enzyme was identified based on its high sequence identity with mammalian KAT I, but its activity toward kynurenine and its structural characteristics have not been established. In this study, the biochemical and structural properties of mouse KAT III (mKAT III) were determined. Specifically, mKAT III cDNA was amplified from a mouse brain cDNA library, and its recombinant protein was expressed in an insect cell protein expression system. We established that mKAT III is able to efficiently catalyze the transamination of kynurenine to KYNA and has optimum activity at relatively basic conditions of around pH 9.0 and at relatively high temperatures of 50 to 60 degrees C. In addition, mKAT III is active toward a number of other amino acids. Its activity toward kynurenine is significantly decreased in the presence of methionine, histidine, glutamine, leucine, cysteine, and 3-hydroxykynurenine. Through macromolecular crystallography, we determined the mKAT III crystal structure and its structures in complex with kynurenine and glutamine. Structural analysis revealed the overall architecture of mKAT III and its cofactor binding site and active center residues. This is the first report concerning the biochemical characteristics and crystal structures of KAT III enzymes and provides a basis toward understanding the overall physiological role of mammalian KAT III in vivo and insight into regulating the levels of endogenous KYNA through modulation of the enzyme in the mouse brain.
Large envelope flight control satisfying H-infinity robustness and performance specifications (2001)

A method of designing large envelope flight controllers for high performance aircraft is presented. The approach combines the simple two-degree of freedom architecture often referred to as a disturbance observer and recent advances in parameter-space control design techniques to form a new approach for large envelope flight control design. The procedure enables the designer to explicitly define the desired closed-loop dynamics and ensures that the closed-loop is stable and satisfies weighted frequency response magnitude (H-infinity) specifications. The result is a straightforward procedure that enables the design of a robust flight controller that &quot;forces&quot; the closed-loop dynamics to behave like the specified 'desired dynamics' despite disturbances, modeling uncertainties, and variations in aircraft dynamics due to changing flight conditions. The procedure is presented by designing a pitch-rate controller for the F-16 Variable Stability In-Flight Simulator Test Aircraft (VISTA). The controller provides predicted 'Level 1' flying qualities throughout the large design flight envelope, which is demonstrated using both linear simulations and a high fidelity, nonlinear simulation. Finally, the controller is compared to a 7th order and a 10th order linear parameter-varying (i.e. gain-scheduled) controller and found to provide better performance and robustness.
A rat gene with sequence homology to the Drosophila gene hairy is rapidly induced by growth factors known to influence neuronal differentiation. (1993)

Several genes encoding transcription factors with a helix-loop-helix (HLH) motif are involved in the early process of neural development in Drosophila spp. We report the isolation from the rat a homolog of one of these genes, called hairy. The rat-hairy-like (RHL) gene is expressed early during embryogenesis. In contrast to the restricted expression of hairy mRNA in Drosophila spp., however, the mRNA encoded by RHL is detectable in all tissues examined. Stimulation of PC12 pheochromocytoma cells by nerve growth factor, basis fibroblast growth factor, or epidermal growth factor or of Rat-1 fibroblasts by epidermal growth factor causes a rapid and transient induction of the RHL gene. Thus, RHL acts as an immediate-early gene that can potentially transduce growth factor signals during the development of the mammalian embryo.
Photonic integration platform for rubidium sensors and beyond (2023)

We have advanced the heterogeneous silicon nitride photonic platform, enabling operation at the 780 nm wavelength range for rubidium sensors and other applications while remaining operable at high temperatures up to 110 ∘ C. This platform surpasses other existing technologies with the superior integration of a comprehensive set of active building-block devices to enable fully integrated high-performance systems-on-a-chip.
Liquid‐phase exfoliation method to access cobalt oxide nanosheets in pH‐neutral solutions (2021)

Abstract Two‐dimensional materials have gained significant attention across the materials community due to their remarkable physical, chemical, electronic, and optical properties. With many two‐dimensional materials discovered each year, investigations into their processing, scalability, and resulting properties are important to fully realize their potential in next‐generation technologies. While numerous exfoliation techniques are available for a variety of two‐dimensional materials, liquid‐phase exfoliation techniques offer many advantages, particularly high throughput and scalability. Herein, we report a liquid‐phase exfoliation method to access multilayer cobalt oxide nanosheets in pH‐neutral aqueous solutions varying in size, concentration, and application. The size, thickness, and morphology of the multilayer nanosheets were confirmed using atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Finally, selected cobalt oxide nanosheets underwent additional analysis of the crystallinity, structure, and cobalt valance.
Gene Transfer in Marine Water Column and Sediment Microcosms by Natural Plasmid Transformation (1991)

We investigated the possibility for natural transformation in the marine environment by using broad-host-range plasmid multimers and a high-frequency-of-transformation (HFT) Vibrio strain as the recipient. Water and sediment samples were taken from Tampa Bay, the eastern Gulf of Mexico, the Florida Shelf near Miami, and the Bahamas Bank. In water column microcosms, transformation frequencies ranged from 1.7 x 10 to 2.7 x 10 transformants per recipient, with highest frequencies occurring when low levels of nutrients (peptone and yeast extract) were added. The presence of the ambient community either reduced transformation frequency by an order of magnitude or had no effect. In sterile sediments, nutrient additions had no consistent effect on transformation, with transfer frequencies similar to those observed in the water column. Transformation was not observed in any sediment experiment when the ambient microbial community was present. These findings are the first report of natural plasmid transformation in seawater and in the presence of the ambient microbial community. This process may be a mechanism for the acquisition of small, nonconjugative plasmids, which are commonly found in aquatic bacteria. Our data also suggest that natural transformation may be more likely to occur in the water column than in native marine sediments, contradicting prior conclusions based on studies with sterile sediments.
Treatment of Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2020)

Relapse is still a common scenario in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment and occurs in 40-50% of younger and the great majority of elderly patients. The prognosis in relapsed AML patients is generally poor but depends largely on the timing of relapse (early versus late) and the possibility of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). At the time of relapse, we again perform a mutational screening and cytogenetic analysis in all AML patients as clonal evolution of disease is frequent. Clinical trials should be first priority in all relapsed patients. In fit patients without prior transplant, we aim to perform HSCT after salvage therapy. In AML patients relapsing after HSCT and good performance status, intensive therapy can be considered with subsequent cellular therapy such as donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) or a second HSCT. However, less than 20% of these patients are alive after 5 years. For those patients that are unfit, the therapeutic aim is to prolong life with acceptable quality of life. Here, hypomethylating agents (HMA), low-dose AraC (LDAC), and solely cytoreductive therapy with hydroxurea are options depending on first-line therapy. For those patients that have not been treated with venetoclax in first line, the combination therapy of venetoclax with demethylating agents achieves encouraging response rates. Venetoclax is currently also studied in combination with intensive salvage therapy. Importantly, for patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1/2-mutated AML, ivosidenib, an IDH1 inhibitor, and enasidenib, an IDH2 inhibitor, present well-tolerated options in the setting of refractory or relapsed (r/r) disease even in elderly and heavily pre-treated patients with response rates of 30-40%. Both substances have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for r/r AML patients with IDH1/2 mutations (but not yet by the European Medicines Agency (EMA)). For patients with FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations, treatment with the selective FLT3 inhibitor gilteritinib is well tolerated and leads to improved outcome compared with standard salvage therapy. The approval has been granted by the FDA and the EMA. Generally, we would recommend targeted therapy for IDH1/2- and FLT3-mutated AML if available. In order to improve outcome in relapsed AML, it will be important to intelligently combine novel substances with each other as well as chemotherapy in prospective clinical trials. The development of therapies with bispecific antibodies or chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) are still in early development.
Model-free optimal tracking policies for Markov jump systems by solving non-zero-sum games (2023)

This paper develops model-free optimal tracking policies for Markov jump systems by solving non-zero-sum games (NZSGs). First, coupled action and mode-dependent value functions (CAMDVFs) are built for solving a two-player NZSG and getting Nash equilibrium solutions. Second, we propose a value iteration (VI) algorithm to parallelly update policies under each mode by collecting data on different operation modes within each iterative window. Moreover, the iterative increasing convergence of the CAMDVFs is proved by introducing auxiliary functions between two adjacent iterations. It is worth pointing out that an influence function is introduced to remove abnormal data to improve the learning capability of the VI algorithm effectively. Finally, the tracking policies' validity, self-adaptability and application potential are verified by a numerical example and a generalized economic model.
State feedback control for stabilization of <scp>PMSM</scp> ‐based servo‐drive with parametric uncertainty using interval analysis (2021)

For a class of multivariable uncertain dynamic systems, the parametric uncertainties are belonging to a closed interval with lower and upper boundaries a priori known. Thereby, these systems can be analyzed based on interval structures and interval matrices. In this article, a fully interval analysis–based method is developed and applied to the state feedback control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in order to design a stabilized servo-drive. Indeed, the parametric uncertainties are investigated in state space representation, which represents a simplified and effective way to analyze the robust stability for the interval system. Firstly, a robust state feedback control technique, dedicated to an uncertain system is introduced. For that, the robust controllability test is performed for the interval system by using the linear independency condition of column interval vectors. It is proven that there is a direct correlation between the controllability test and the existence of a robust modal P-regulator for the correction of the uncertain system. It is also shown that it invariably relies on each input's controllability indices and thus their effect on the uncertain system's state variables. In order to ensure stability in a closed loop, the modal P-regulator is designed with possibility of incorporation of an integral action. The modified modal PI regulator has the ability to reject disturbance and guarantee zero-steady-state error for step inputs. In fact, the stability is achieved by placing all coefficients of the system characteristic polynomial within assigned intervals based on Kharitonov's Theorem. The technique provides a matrix gain with interval coefficients for the stabilizing regulator. Finally, the developed approach is applied to position control of linearized model of the PMSM-based servo-drive, presenting parametrical uncertainties. To demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method, a numerical and graphical comparison of conventional LQR and pole placement, state feedback controllers for the PMSM servo-drive with the robust interval controller is provided. In order to verify the feasibility of the whole proposed technique, calculations and simulations are performed by using Matlab/Intlab toolbox. Real-time simulation is also investigated using Lab-View Compact-RIO.
Supplemetary Video S7 from Snail1-Expressing Fibroblasts in the Tumor Microenvironment Display Mechanical Properties That Support Metastasis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Video S7. Ela-Myc cells on 3D-ECM generated by KO MEFs.&lt;/p&gt;
Growing Single Crystals of Compound Semiconductors (1987)

Defect reduced by preventing melt/furnace contact and suppressing convention. Large crystals of compound semiconductors with few defects grown by proposed new method. Such materials as gallium arsenide and cadmium telluride produced, with quality suitable for very-large-scale integrated circuits or for large focal-plane arrays of photodetectors. Method used on small scale in Earth gravity, but needs microgravity to provide crystals large enough for industrial use.
Sequentially Rotated Circular Antenna Array With Curved PIFA and Series Feed Network (2018)

This paper describes the design of a broadside circularly polarized uniform circular array based on curved planar inverted F-antenna elements. Circular polarization (CP) is obtained by exploiting the sequential rotation technique and implementing it with a series feed network. The proposed structure is first introduced, and some geometrical considerations are derived. Second, the array radiation body is designed taking into account the mutual coupling among antenna elements. Third, the series feed network usually employed for four-antenna element arrays is analyzed and extended to three and more than four antennas exploiting the special case of equal power distribution. The array is designed with three-, four-, five-, and six-antenna elements, and dimensions, impedance bandwidth (defined for S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> -10 dB), axial ratio (AR) bandwidth (AR ≤ 3 dB), gain, beamwidth, front-to-back ratio, and cross-polarization level are compared. Arrays with three and five elements are also prototyped to benchmark the numerical analysis results, finding good correspondence.
Inhaled Interferon and Diffusion Capacity in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). (2015)

DLCO was significantly improved following inhaled (IFN-γ) as treatment for IPF. Our data suggest that previous studies utilizing parenteral IFN-γ may have failed because of the mode of delivery. Future randomized, controlled, phase 3 trials, comparing the difference in PFT behavior (specifically DLCO) longitudinally may be more sensitive to drug effect and serve as a valuable clinical endpoint.
Polypyrrole as the interlayer for thin‐film poly(piperazine‐amide) composite membranes: Separation behavior of salts and pesticides (2020)

Abstract The preparative membrane process is a dynamic one and intertwined with the separation arena. As for the progression of technology in membranes, our direction is to prepare polypyrrole interlayer‐based thin‐film composite (TFC) membrane. Polypyrrole shows its attachment ability with polysulfone membranes. The coverings of pores with the polypyrrole entity result in better flux in terms of TFC membranes compared to TFC membranes on polysulfone (Memb‐I). The membranes are characterized by FTIR‐ATR, contact angle, zeta potential, SEM, AFM. Polypyrrole interlayer‐based membrane (Memb‐II) show better flux though it sacrifices salt separation ability compared to Memb‐I. Memb‐II shows a better separation of pesticides (diuron and isoproturon) compared to Memb‐I. Memb‐II provides isoproturon's separation ability (89.52% rejection, 54.9 LMH), whereas, for diuron, it is 78.82%, 53.46 LMH. The antimicrobial property is seen for interlayer polypyrrole‐based TFC membranes.
<scp>COVID</scp>‐19 vaccination status impact on mortality in end‐stage kidney disease (2023)

COVID-19 vaccination status impact on mortality in end-stage kidney diseaseTo the Editor: Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) are particularly vulnerable to adverse clinical outcomes associated with COVID-19, with an estimated 20%-30% mortality risk. [1][2]2][3][4] There is limited information on clinical outcomes, including mortality, following vaccination among patients on dialysis, with many relevant phase 3 trials excluding patients with "serious kidney disease" and chronic conditions. 5o characterize the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on all-cause mortality, we conducted a retrospective analysis using data from all US adults (i.e., aged 18 years) with ESKD receiving dialysis through Fresenius Medical Care (FMC) between March 1 and September 18, 2021.Data for a total of 239,660 patients were available with clinical and demographic, including vaccination status, being updated throughout the study period.As of March 1, 2021, 16,140 patients were classified as fully vaccinated (defined as the time period beginning 2 weeks after either an Ad26.COV2.S vaccination or a second mRNA vaccination), 39,938 were partially vaccinated (defined as the time period up to 2 weeks after vaccination with Ad26.COV2.S or the period from initial vaccination to 2 weeks after a second mRNA vaccination), and 114,403 were unvaccinated (defined as having no COVID-19 vaccination history).Among patients at the start of the study period (N = 170,481), 13.8% were on peritoneal dialysis, 3.8% were on home hemodialysis, and 82.4% were on in-center hemodialysis, 42.6% were female, 63.9% had a history of diabetes, and 51.6% were younger than age 65.Patient demographics remained relatively consistent throughout the study period.Overall, 102,717 patient-years of follow-up were available for analysis: 30,689 for unvaccinated patients, 14,478 for partially vaccinated patients, and 57,550 for fully vaccinated patients.During the analysis period, 19,356 deaths occurred, equating to an overall mortality rate of 18.8 deaths per 100 patient-years.The unadjusted rate of death (per 100 patient-years) was 29.6, 13.8, and 14.4 among unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and fully vaccinated patients, respectively.When adjusted for sex, age, race/ ethnicity, diabetes history, and US geographic region, the
Cell Death Assessment in Thermal Therapies of Human Tonsils (2010)

According to a survey by Harris Interactive on behalf of the American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS), approximately 600,000 tonsillectomies are performed every year. Post-operative pain and risks were found to be the major concerns of 90% of parents of children undergoing this procedure. Various technologies to completely or partially remove the infected tonsils have been developed over the years; the most common of which is the Dissection and snare method, in which the tissue is removed using forceps and scissors. Among other methods is the ablation of tissue by heating it using a CO2 Laser. There is, however, room for improvement on the effectiveness of the treatment in terms of post-operative care and cost. In order to address these issues, a laser-based heating device is proposed by Gradiant Research, LLC, (Concord, MA) which will heat the tonsil tissue using two opposing light-emitting, temperature-controlled surfaces that are pressed against the tonsils to create near-uniform temperature distribution on the bulk tissue. This work presents ex-vivo, thermal treatment experiments on freshly excised tonsil tissues to assess the corresponding cellular damage and support the development of the proposed method. An Arrhenius model uses the obtained results to determine the necessary exposure times.
Interplay of Surface Plasmon Enhancement, Absorption and Emission in Au/Silica/Dye Nanoparticles (2008)

We have synthesized and studied hybrid Au/silica/dye nanoparticles. We have demonstrated that the reduction of the thickness of the silica shell separating gold and dye causes the reduction of nanoparticles’ absorption and strong enhancement of the emission intensity.
Abstract 10066: Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential is Not Associated With Incident Atrial Fibrillation (2022)

Introduction: Inflammation is involved in the initiation and maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF). Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) increases cardiovascular risk through pro-inflammatory mechanisms. Hypothesis: The presence of CHIP is associated with increased risk of incident AF. Methods: Individuals with AF were identified from the CATHGEN cohort, a study of 9,334 sequential individuals undergoing cardiac catheterization at Duke University Hospital, using ICD-9/10 codes and ECG interpretations. Incident AF was defined as AF diagnosed after blood sample collection. Individuals with predisposing or provoking conditions leading to AF (i.e., cardiomyopathy, valve disease, congenital heart disease, thyroid disease, and recent STEMI or cardiac surgery) were excluded. The remaining individuals with incident AF were matched 1:1 to controls without an AF diagnosis based on age, sex, ancestry-defined race, BMI, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking status. Whole exome sequencing was performed in DNA extracted from whole blood, and CHIP carriers in 68 genes of interest were identified. Results: Among 1,716 individuals with incident AF, 335 had no predisposing or provoking conditions leading to AF. Among these individuals, 17 (5.1%) were CHIP carriers, compared to 18 (5.4%) matched controls (odds ratio, 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48-1.86; p =0.9). Ten individuals (3.0%) with incident AF were carriers of a CHIP clone with variant allele fraction &gt;10%, compared to 11 (3.3%) matched controls (odds ratio 0.90; 95% CI, 0.37-2.22; p =0.8). Restriction to the two most common genes ( DNMT3A or TET2 ) also did not show an association between CHIP and AF ( Table 1 ). Conclusions: There is no association between CHIP carrier status, high burden of CHIP, or CHIP in DNMT3A or TET2 and incident AF in the CATHGEN cohort.
415 km unrepeatered transmission of 25 Gbit/s NRZ with +26.5 dBm launch, clock pre-chirp, Raman amplification, FEC and dispersion compensation (1996)

2.5 Gbit/s transmission is demonstrated over a mixed fibre system without using remote optically pumped amplifiers (ROPAs). The use of NRZ data with clock pre-chirp, stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) suppression and dispersion compensation enables a +26.5 dBm signal to be launched into fibre. A 980 nm pumped pre-amplifier with a 3.5 dB noise figure and additional Raman gain at the receiver realises a system length of 392 km with an effective sensitivity of -45.2 dBm. With the addition of forward error correction, this is increased to 415 km.