gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Circulating Levels of MicroRNA 423-5p are Associated with 90 day Mortality in Cardiogenic Shock (2018)

In cardiogenic shock patients, above median level of miR-423-5p at baseline is associated with markers of hypoperfusion and seems to independently predict 90 day all-cause mortality.
Planck 2015 results XXVII. The second Planck catalogue of Sunyaev-Zeldovich sources (2016)

Acknowledgements. The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of:\n\t\t\t\t ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF\n\t\t\t\t (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO,\n\t\t\t\t JA, and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG\n\t\t\t\t (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland);\n\t\t\t\t RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC and PRACE (EU).\n\t\t\t\t A description of the Planck Collaboration and a list of its members, indicating\n\t\t\t\t which technical or scientific activities they have been involved in, can be found at\n\t\t\t\t http://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/planck/planck-collaboration. We\n\t\t\t\t thank Ian McCarthy for providing images and profiles of simulated clusters from\n\t\t\t\t cosmo-OWLS. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic\n\t\t\t\t Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California\n\t\t\t\t Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space\n\t\t\t\t Administration, and the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France\n\t\t\t\t This research made use of data retrieved from SDSS-III. Funding for SDSSIII has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating\n\t\t\t\t Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the US Department of\n\t\t\t\t Energy Office of Science; the SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.\n\t\t\t\t This research has made use of data processed by the Centre d’Analyse de\n\t\t\t\t Données Étendues (http://cade.irap.omp.eu/) and has made use of the\n\t\t\t\t HEALPix pixelization software (http://healpix.sourceforge.net; Górski\n\t\t\t\t et al. 2005). Some of this work was performed using the Darwin Supercomputer\n\t\t\t\t of the University of Cambridge High Performance Computing Service (http:\n\t\t\t\t //www.hpc.cam.ac.uk/), provided by Dell Inc. using Strategic Research\n\t\t\t\t Infrastructure Funding from the Higher Education Funding Council for England\n\t\t\t\t and funding from the Science and Technology Facilities Council.
Data from Targeted Gene Silencing Using RGD-Labeled Chitosan Nanoparticles (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; This study aimed to develop an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide-labeled chitosan nanoparticle (RGD-CH-NP) as a novel tumor targeted delivery system for short interfering RNA (siRNA).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; RGD peptide conjugated with chitosan by thiolation reaction was confirmed by proton-NMR (H-NMR). Binding of RGD-CH-NP with ανβ3 integrin was examined by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Antitumor efficacy was examined in orthotopic mouse models of ovarian carcinoma.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We show that RGD-CH-NP loaded with siRNA significantly increased selective intratumoral delivery in orthotopic animal models of ovarian cancer. In addition, we show targeted silencing of multiple growth-promoting genes (&lt;i&gt;POSTN, FAK&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;PLXDC1&lt;/i&gt;) along with therapeutic efficacy in the SKOV3ip1, HeyA8, and A2780 models using siRNA incorporated into RGD-CH-NP (siRNA/RGD-CH-NP). Furthermore, we show &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; tumor vascular targeting using RGD-CH-NP by delivering &lt;i&gt;PLXDC1&lt;/i&gt;-targeted siRNA into the ανβ3 integrin–positive tumor endothelial cells in the A2780 tumor-bearing mice. This approach resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth compared with controls.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; This study shows that RGD-CH-NP is a novel and highly selective delivery system for siRNA with the potential for broad applications in human disease. Clin Cancer Res; 16(15); 3910–22. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
IL-18 (IFN-gamma-inducing factor) regulates early cytokine production in, and promotes resolution of, bacterial infection in mice. (1998)

IL-12-induced IFN-gamma production is essential for clearance of Yersinia enterocolitica infection. Similar to IL-12, the recently described cytokine IL-18 (IFN-gamma-inducing factor) is produced by macrophages and induces IFN-gamma production in spleen cells. Therefore, we have investigated the role of IL-18 in Yersinia infection of mice. Heat-killed yersinia-triggered IL-18-promoted IFN-gamma production of splenocytes was predominantly dependent on endogenous IL-12 production, whereas IL-12-promoted IFN-gamma production was not IL-18 dependent. IL-18-induced IFN-gamma production was to a higher degree dependent on IFN-gammaR-mediated mechanisms and in synergism with IL-2 resulted in at least fivefold higher IFN-gamma levels as compared with the combination of IL-12 plus IL-2. Analysis of the effect of IL-18 on IL-12 production of LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages revealed that IL-18 decreased LPS-induced IL-12 production, indicating that IL-18 might be involved in negative regulation of IL-12 production. In vivo studies revealed that Yersinia-resistant C57BL/6 mice expressed fourfold higher IL-18 mRNA levels than did susceptible BALB/c mice. Administration of anti-IL-18 Abs caused a 100- to 1000-fold increase in bacterial counts in the spleen of infected mice but did not change IFN-gamma production levels. Taken together, our data demonstrate that IL-18 is involved in regulation of cytokine production during the early phase of bacterial infections as well as in clearance of Yersinia infection.
Quantification of fat fraction in lumbar vertebrae: correlation with age and implications for bone marrow dosimetry in molecular radiotherapy (2017)

Absorbed dose to active bone marrow is a predictor of hematological toxicity in molecular radiotherapy. Due to the complex composition of bone marrow tissue, the necessity to improve the personalized dosimetry has led to the application of non-conventional imaging methods in nuclear medicine. The aim of this study is to apply magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for quantification of the fat fraction in lumbar vertebrae and to analyze its implications for bone marrow dosimetry. First, a highly accelerated two-point Dixon MRI sequence for fat-water separation was validated in a 3T system against the magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) gold standard. The validation was performed in a fat-water phantom composed of 11 vials with different fat fractions between 0% and 100%, and subsequently repeated in the lumbar vertebrae of three healthy volunteers. Finally, a retrospective study was performed by analyzing the fat fraction in five lumbar vertebrae of 44 patients scanned with the two-point Dixon sequence. The two-point Dixon phantom acquisition showed a good agreement (maximum difference = 2.9%) between the nominal fat fraction and MRS. In the volunteers, a statistical analysis showed a non-significant difference (p = 0.19) between MRI and MRS. In the patients, gender-specific linear fits for female and male data indicated that the age-dependent marrow conversion (red → yellow marrow) is slower in males (0.3% per year) than in females (0.5% per year). Lastly, the fat fraction values showed a considerable variability in patients of similar ages and the same gender. Two-point Dixon MRI enables a non-invasive and spatially resolved quantification of the fat fraction in bone marrow. Our study provides important evidence on the differences in marrow conversion between females and males. In addition, differences were observed in the cellularity values of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) reference man (0.7) and the median values obtained in our patient group. These observations lead to the conclusion that the fat fraction in bone marrow should be considered as a patient-specific variable in clinical dosimetry procedures.
3D object arrangement for novice users (2009)

Arranging 3D objects in Virtual Environments can be a complex, error prone and time consuming task, especially for users who are not familiar with interfaces for 3D navigation and object manipulation. In this paper, we analyze and compare novice users' performance on 3D object arrangement tasks using three interfaces that differ in the views of the 3D environment they provide: the first one is based only on a first-person view; the second one combines the first-person view and a map view in which the zoom level is manually controlled by the user; the third one extends the second with automated assistance in controlling the map zoom level during object manipulation. Our study shows that users without prior experience in 3D object arrangement prefer and actually benefit from having a map view in addition to a first person view in object arrangement tasks.
Processing Core/Alloy/Shell Nanoparticles: Tunable Optical Properties and Evidence for Self-Limiting Alloy Growth (2011)

The postsynthetic processing of nanomaterials may allow researchers to reach specific properties, morphologies, or phase regimes that are not accessible by simple synthesis alone. Here, we take advantage of atomic interdiffusion at nanoparticle interfaces to fabricate core/alloy and core/alloy/shell nanoparticles. Modest temperature changes were found to have profound effects for the interfacial alloying of the confined nanosystem. The alloy formation and subsequent interdiffusion allowed us to tailor nanoparticle composition and ultrastructure, as well as surface plasmon response. This processing step, which involves the layer-by-layer formation of a core/alloy/shell morphology, utilizes hydrothermal annealing provided by automated microwave irradiation to control solute deposition, as well as alloy thickness. As a proof-of-principle system, we employed a Au/AuxAg1–x/Ag nanosystem, due, in large part, to its miscible phase diagram and rich plasmonic behavior. Nanostructure morphology was characterized by TEM and STEM, and compositional analysis was performed via selective area EDX and XPS. The resulting surface plasmon resonance signatures were modeled as a function of alloy or monometallic shell thickness, as well as alloy composition, using the discrete dipole approximation method. A proposed shell growth mechanism is described, which involves the competition between a classical ripening system at low temperature and a self-limiting growth at high temperature, the latter of which may be driven by an alloy order–disorder phenomena at the interface. These optical and growth models strongly correlate with the experimental results, namely, that the plasmon resonance is highly tunable on shell thickness and alloy composition and that alloy thickness and interdiffusion are highly tunable by the thermal processing.
Robust, Non-Overshooting Control of a Rigid Rotating Link Using Exponential Segmentation (2006)

Exponential pyramid architecture plays a key role in human visual processing, as well as in learned muscle movement. Attempting to mimic the human capacity for making rapid minimally-overshooting movements, a variant of exponential pyramid architecture, called exponential segmentation, is utilized to develop a methodology for controlling the response of rigid links to step inputs. The resulting method consists of issuing iterative open-loop commands, each of which are guaranteed not to overshoot the desired target. Each time the mechanism comes to a stop, a new open loop command is issued that again drives the mechanism toward the desired final position without overshoot. Since this method always undershoots the target, the process is repeated until the link is within a specified interval of the desired final position. Using this framework, a designer can easily make tradeoffs between response and robustness, as this method is robust with respect to input perturbations, pivot friction, link inertia and damping rates. Furthermore, this method can be implemented using positional measurement alone.
Linearity of terahertz time-domain spectrometers (2008)

A method to quantify the linearity and dynamic range of terahertz detectors is reported and used to show that terahertz time-domain-spectrometers exhibit a nonlinear amplitude response at frequencies below 1.5 THz.
Nonlinear dynamics, rectification, and phase locking for particles on symmetrical two-dimensional periodic substrates with dc and circular ac drives (2004)

We investigate the dynamical motion of particles on a two-dimensional symmetric periodic substrate in the presence of both a dc drive along a symmetry direction of the periodic substrate and an additional circular ac drive. For large enough ac drives, the particle orbit encircles one or more potential maxima of the periodic substrate. In this case, when an additional increasing dc drive is applied in the longitudinal direction, the longitudinal velocity increases in a series of discrete steps that are integer multiples of a omega/(2 pi), where a is the lattice constant of the substrate. Fractional steps can also occur. These integer and fractional steps correspond to distinct stable dynamical orbits. A number of these phases also show a rectification in the positive or negative transverse direction where a nonzero transverse velocity occurs in the absence of a dc transverse drive. We map out the phase diagrams of the regions of rectification as a function of ac amplitude, and find a series of tongues. Most of the features, including the steps in the longitudinal velocity and the transverse rectification, can be captured with a simple toy model and by arguments from nonlinear maps. We have also investigated the effects of thermal disorder and incommensuration on the rectification phenomena, and find that for increasing disorder, the rectification regions are gradually smeared and the longitudinal velocity steps are no longer flat but show a linearly increasing velocity.
(–)-(1<i>R</i>,2<i>S</i>,2′<i>R</i>,5<i>R</i>)-2-(1-Hydroxyprop-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol. Corrigendum (2000)

The crystal structure of the title compound, C(10)H(20)O(2), was published [Korner et al. (2000). Acta Cryst. C56, 74-75] with an erroneous position for an hydroxy H atom. This has now been corrected and leads to a more sensible hydrogen-bonding scheme.
Synthesis of novel transparent glass-ceramics containing rare earth ion-doped YLF nanocrystals for fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers (2011)

Silicate based transparent glass-ceramics containing YLiF<sub>4</sub>(YLF) nanocrsystals have synthesized by conventional melt quenching of glass followed by controlled heat treatment of the precursor glass. X-ray diffraction powder pattern of the glass-ceramic revealed that precipitated crystalline phase was solely YLF. The averaged diameter of primary crystallites was roughly about 8 nm. It was confirmed by comparison of the fluorescent properties of rare-earth ions-doped precursor glass and glass-ceramic that rare-earth ions could be successfully incorporated into YLF nano-crystals in the glass-ceramics. This transparent glass-ceramic containing YLF nano-crystals is promising as a gain medium in rare earth-doped fiber lasers and amplifiers.
Targeting Well-Balanced Solutions in Bayesian Multi-Objective Optimization under a Restricted Budget (2018)

International audience
EEG based artificial learning of motor coordination for visually inspired task using neural networks (2014)

Damage in parietal and/or motor cortex of the brain can lead to inability in proper visuo-motor coordination, hampering movement planning and execution. The objective of this work is to predict joint coordinates of hand by sequential prediction of the parietal and motor cortex Electroencephalogram (EEG) features from their occipital counterparts using artificial neural networks (ANNs). EEG signals during hand movement execution are acquired from occipital, parietal and motor cortical regions and the joint coordinates of hand are acquired using Kinect sensor. The acquired EEG signals are preprocessed followed by extraction of wavelet features and selection of the best features using Principal Component Analysis. The EEG features originating from one brain region are mapped to the features of another brain region using regression analysis on artificial neural networks with Back Propagation learning. The mapped motor cortical EEG signals are finally used to predict the hand joint coordinates using Back Propagation learning based ANN. The performances of various weight adaptation techniques for Back Propagation learning are evaluated. Regression analysis results indicate that Levenberg-Marquardt optimization based weight adaptation performed best in terms of mean squared error, slope of the best linear fit and correlation coefficient between the original values and predicted results.
Sam68 regulates EMT through alternative splicing–activated nonsense-mediated mRNA decay of the SF2/ASF proto-oncogene (2010)

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reversal (MET) are crucial cell plasticity programs that act during development and tumor metastasis. We have previously shown that the splicing factor and proto-oncogene SF2/ASF impacts EMT/MET through production of a constitutively active splice variant of the Ron proto-oncogene. Using an in vitro model, we now show that SF2/ASF is also regulated during EMT/MET by alternative splicing associated with the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay pathway (AS-NMD). Overexpression and small interfering RNA experiments implicate the splicing regulator Sam68 in AS-NMD of SF2/ASF transcripts and in the choice between EMT/MET programs. Moreover, Sam68 modulation of SF2/ASF splicing appears to be controlled by epithelial cell-derived soluble factors that act through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway to regulate Sam68 phosphorylation. Collectively, our results reveal a hierarchy of splicing factors that integrate splicing decisions into EMT/MET programs in response to extracellular stimuli.
Role of Beta-Endorphin in the Skin (2005)

hormone cortisol, the melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) that is involved in skin pigmentation and beta-endorphin that comprises the 31 C-terminal amino acids. POMC and its cleavage products are produced mainly in the hypothalamus and in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. There are several functions for beta-endorphin described. Binding with its N-terminus to the three opioid receptors mu, kappa and delta (preference for mu) leads to morphine-like effects. Beta-endorphin produces analgesia by acting on both, central and peripheral opioid receptors which inhibits the transmission of the signal along nerve cells from the source of the pain (nociceptor) to the spinal cord. Beta-endorphin was also found to bind to receptors on cells of the immune system. It seems to be involved in the fine tuning of the immune response. Finally there is strong evidence that endorphins are connected with »pleasure centres« in the brain. � Endorphins: Structure and Function Morphin, a substance found in Papaver somniferum, has an analgesic effect. Our body produces compounds with a similar effect and this is why they are called endogenous opioids. This is a group of peptide hormones comprising beta-endorphin, enkephalin and dynorphin. They share the N-terminal amino acid sequence Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-X (X = Met or Leu). This is the binding sequence to the opioid receptor. Each of these peptide hormones is produced out of a separate precursor peptide. Beta-endorphin is a cleavage product of proopiomelanocortin (POMC), a protein with 267 amino acid residues. Processing of POMC leads to several peptide hormones with different functions (Fig. 1): the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), also known as corticotrophin, that stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete the anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic BETA-ENDORPHIN
Role of chelate complexes in densification of CuInSe2 (CIS) thin film prepared from amorphous Cu–In–Se nanoparticle precursors (2012)

CuInSe2 (CIS) absorber layers for thin film solar cells were fabricated via a non-vacuum route using amorphous Cu–In–Se nanoparticle precursors prepared by a low temperature colloidal process within one minute of reaction without any external heating. In particular, we intentionally added a chelating agent to the nanoparticle colloid in order to increase the density of the final films by enhancing the viscous flow of precursor materials during high temperature selenization. This is based on the decreased reactivity of precursor particles due to the formation of chelate complexes at particle surfaces. While the CIS films formed from the amorphous Cu–In–Se particles without surface modification were found to have large voids, those formed from surface modified particles showed flat and dense morphologies. In accordance with the improvements in the film morphology and density, efficiencies of the devices were also significantly increased from 0% (complete short circuit in the case without surface modification) to 4.41% (with surface modification).
Performance of MOV arresters during very close, direct lightning strikes to a power distribution system (1999)

In 1996, at the International Center for Lightning Research and Testing (ICLRT) at Camp Blanding, Florida, the responses of MOV arresters in an unenergized test distribution system, composed of an overhead line, underground cable, and padmount transformer with a resistive load, were measured during very close, direct lightning strikes to the overhead line. Arresters were installed on the overhead line at two locations 50 m apart (on either side of the strike point) and at the primary of the padmount transformer which was connected to the line via the underground cable. We obtained arrester data for this test configuration from two lightning flashes (containing a total of five strokes) which were artificially initiated from a natural thunderstorm, using the rocket-and-wire technique. We present the simultaneously-recorded arrester discharge current and voltage waveforms from one lightning stroke for one of the two arresters on the line and for the arrester at the transformer primary. Additionally, we estimate the energy absorbed by the arrester on the line as a function of time for the first 4 ms of the lightning event. The records presented are representative of those for all five strokes.
Comparative analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiaeWW domains and their interacting proteins (2006)

Protein microarrays provide an appealing alternative to existing techniques for the construction of protein interaction networks. Here we built a network composed of WW domain-protein interactions that illuminates novel features of WW domain-containing proteins and their protein interaction partners.
07H239-A, a New Cytotoxic Eremophilane Sesquiterpene from the Marine-Derived Xylariaceous Fungus LL-07H239 (2004)

07H239-A (1), a new eremophilane sesquiterpene from a marine-derived xylariaceous fungus, was isolated, characterized, and shown to be cytotoxic toward a variety of cancer cell lines, with some selectivity for a CCRFCEM leukemia line (IC(50) = 0.9 microg/mL).
Ion-ion interaction and energy transfer of 4+ transuranium ions in cerium tetrafluoride (1990)

Dynamics of excited 5f electron states of the transuranium ions Cm{sup 4+} and Bk{sup 4+} in CeF{sub 4} are compared. Based on time- and wavelength-resolved laser-induced fluorescence, excitation energy transfer processes have been probed. Depending on concentration and electronic energy level structure of the studied 4+ transuranium ion, the dominant energy transfer mechanisms were identified as cross relaxation, exciton-exciton annihilation, and trapping. Energy transfer rates derived from the fitting of the observed fluorescence decays to theoretical models, based on electric multipolar ion-ion interactions, are contrasted with prior studies of 4f states of 3+ lanthanide and 3d states of transition metal ions. 16 refs., 1 tab.