gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Insulin Distribution in Human Adipose Tissue via a Novel Insulin Infusion Catheter (2019)

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) is a widely used treatment for diabetes patients. Insulin infusion sets (CSII-catheters) are continuously optimized regarding size, handling and safety, but recurring dysfunction (kinking or occlusion), due to different user situations, behavior or chain of events, demand new ways to improve the functionality and safety in patients experiencing these issues. A novel CSII-catheter design (Lantern) features additional lateral perforations, which guarantee functionality even in case of kinking or occlusion. This study aimed to compare functionality, insulin distribution, and failure rate of Lantern and standard catheters using excised human adipose tissue samples. Novel Lantern CSII-catheters (open and artificially occluded) and commercially available standard CSII-catheters were inserted into adipose tissue samples. A mixture of insulin and contrast agent was infused as single bolus (7 IU) with an insulin infusion pump at highest flow rate (1 IU/s). Microtomography images and surface-to-volume ratios were used to assess insulin distribution and depot volume indicating the functionality of CSII-catheters. Failure rate was measured by flow-stop alerts of the pump. We found no difference in the volume of insulin depots compared with the nominal volume of 70 μL. Surface-to-volume ratios showed no significant difference among CSII-catheters. None of the catheters triggered any flow-stop alarm. The novel Lantern CSII-catheter design achieved similar insulin distribution as commercially available CSII-catheters. Moreover, functionality of Lantern CSII-catheters was guaranteed during occlusion, which is an improvement compared with standard CSII-catheters. We conclude that the novel CSII-catheter design has the potential to provide a valuable contribution to patient well-being and safety.
Aberrant motor axon projection, acetylcholine receptor clustering, and neurotransmission in cyclin-dependent kinase 5 null mice (2005)

Cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)5 is a key regulator of neural development. We have previously demonstrated that Cdk5/p35 are localized to the postsynaptic muscle and are implicated in the regulation of neuregulin/ErbB signaling in myotube culture. To further elucidate whether Cdk5 activity contributes to neuromuscular junction (NMJ) development in vivo, the NMJ of Cdk5-/- mice was examined. Consistent with our previous demonstration that Cdk5 phosphorylates ErbB2/3 to regulate its tyrosine phosphorylation, we report here that the phosphorylation of ErbB2 and ErbB3 and the ErbB2 kinase activity are reduced in Cdk5-deficient muscle. In addition, Cdk5-/- mice also display morphological abnormalities at the NMJ pre- and postsynaptically. Whereas the outgrowth of the main nerve trunk is grossly normal, the intramuscular nerve projections exhibit profuse and anomalous branching patterns in the Cdk5-/- embryos. The central band of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clusters is also wider in Cdk5-/- diaphragms, together with the absence of S100 immunoreactivity along the phrenic nerve during late embryonic stages. Moreover, we unexpectedly discovered that the agrin-induced formation of large AChR clusters is significantly increased in primary muscle cultures prepared from Cdk5-null mice and in C2C12 myotubes when Cdk5 activity was suppressed. These abnormalities are accompanied by elevated frequency of miniature endplate potentials in Cdk5-null diaphragm. Taken together, our findings reveal the essential role of Cdk5 in regulating the development of motor axons and neuromuscular synapses in vivo.
5.1 CONVENTIONAL ACTUATORS, SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS, AND ELECTRORHEOLOGICAL FLUIDS (1999)

this paper, system response to larger input voltages is periodic, whereas lower input voltages produce responses that strongly indicate chaotic behavior.
Availability and ranging error analysis for a GPS L1/L5 receiver navigating to the Moon (2017)

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) based navigation is already adopted in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), where the presence of strong GNSS signals and the good relative geometry between the receiver and the transmitters enable precise orbit determination. However, when the receiver is orbiting above the GNSS constellation's altitude, designing an on-board, real-time, autonomous GNSS navigation device poses stringent requirements. Indeed, in such a challenging operational environment, the signal availability as well as the ranging error can be significantly influenced by the selection of the signals and their processing. In this paper, we define different tracking strategies which provide or not an ionosphere-free combination; for all altitudes or only for some altitudes; and for all the signals or for only those crossing the ionosphere. Then, we evaluate their effects on the signals availability; on the relative geometry between the receiver and the transmitters; and on the ranging error, in order to finally identify the best strategy. The analysis is performed for a GPS L1/L5 spaceborne receiver currently under development in our laboratory, specifically conceived for GNSS-based navigation from the Earth to the Moon.
On the use of singular perturbations to neglect the dynamic saliency of synchronous machines (2002)

A common approximation used in the analysis of power systems is the neglect of the dynamic saliency in synchronous machines. In this paper, it is shown that eliminating the error associated with neglecting dynamic saliency can be accomplished with the addition of a singular perturbation(s) into the machine model. By considering the elimination of error in such a way, singular-perturbation-based model-order-reduction techniques are used to derive detailed- and reduced-order models of synchronous machines where dynamic saliency is eliminated with zero error and no added numerical cost.
Ethical Considerations Related to Return of Results from Genomic Medicine Projects: The eMERGE Network (Phase III) Experience (2018)

We examined the Institutional Review Board (IRB) process at 9 academic institutions in the electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) Network, for proposed electronic health record-based genomic medicine studies, to identify common questions and concerns. Sequencing of 109 disease related genes and genotyping of 14 actionable variants is being performed in ~28,100 participants from the 9 sites. Pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in actionable genes are being returned to study participants. We examined each site's research protocols, informed-consent materials, and interactions with IRB staff. Research staff at each site completed questionnaires regarding their IRB interactions. The time to prepare protocols for IRB submission, number of revisions and time to approval ranged from 10-261 days, 0-11, and 11-90 days, respectively. IRB recommendations related to the readability of informed consent materials, specifying the full range of potential risks, providing options for receiving limited results or withdrawal, sharing of information with family members, and establishing the mechanisms to answer participant questions. IRBs reviewing studies that involve the return of results from genomic sequencing have a diverse array of concerns, and anticipating these concerns can help investigators to more effectively engage IRBs.
5G NR V2X: On the Impact of a Flexible Numerology on the Autonomous Sidelink Mode (2019)

The Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) radio access technology has been specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) in Releases 14 and 15, with special focus on enabling direct communication between vehicles, over the sidelink PC5 interface. More recently, 3GPP has launched the New Radio (NR) standardization activity for the first phase of fifth generation (5G) systems and is ready to enhance C-V2X in several ways under the 5G NR Release 16. 5G NR V2X will encompass flexible numerologies and agile frame structure, higher frequency spectrum, novel and more sophisticated multiple access techniques that well answer the quest for high capacity, ultra-low latency and high reliability of the cooperative automated driving use cases. In this paper, we investigate the impact of the NR flexible numerology, i.e., scalable Transmission Time Interval (TTI) duration and sub-carrier spacing (SCS), on the C-V2X autonomous access mode, according to which vehicles self-allocate resources for transmission. Whereas it is well known that shorter TTI and larger SCS facilitate latency reduction, they have also the potential to mitigate the interference generated by in-band emissions, by better spreading transmissions in the time-frequency domain. Achieved simulation results show that the investigated NR features provide several improvements in terms of message reliability and timeliness when compared to the legacy C-V2X solution.
Insights into finding a mismatch through the structure of a mispaired DNA bound by a rhodium intercalator (2006)

We report the 1.1-A resolution crystal structure of a bulky rhodium complex bound to two different DNA sites, mismatched and matched in the oligonucleotide 5'-(dCGGAAATTCCCG)2-3'. At the AC mismatch site, the structure reveals ligand insertion from the minor groove with ejection of both mismatched bases and elucidates how destabilized mispairs in DNA may be recognized. This unique binding mode contrasts with major groove intercalation, observed at a matched site, where doubling of the base pair rise accommodates stacking of the intercalator. Mass spectral analysis reveals different photocleavage products associated with the two binding modes in the crystal, with only products characteristic of mismatch binding in solution. This structure, illustrating two clearly distinct binding modes for a molecule with DNA, provides a rationale for the interrogation and detection of mismatches.
Detection of Compromised Smart Grid Devices with Machine Learning and Convolution Techniques (2018)

The smart grid concept has transformed the traditional power grid into a massive cyber- physical system that depends on advanced two-way communication infrastructure to integrate a myriad of different smart devices. While the introduction of the cyber component has made the grid much more flexible and efficient with so many smart devices, it also broadened the attack surface of the power grid. Particularly, compromised devices pose great danger to the healthy operations of the smart-grid. For instance, the attackers can control the devices to change the behaviour of the grid and can impact the measurements. In this paper, to detect such misbehaving malicious smart grid devices, we propose a machine learning and convolution-based classification framework. Our framework specifically utilizes system and library call lists at the kernel level of the operating system on both resource-limited and resource-rich smart grid devices such as RTUs, PLCs, PMUs, and IEDs. Focusing on the types and other valuable features extracted from the system calls, the framework can successfully identify malicious smart-grid devices. In order to test the efficacy of the proposed framework, we built a representative testbed conforming to the IEC-61850 protocol suite and evaluated its performance with different system calls. The proposed framework in different evaluation scenarios yields very high accuracy (avg. 91%) which reveals that the framework is effective to overcome compromised smart grid devices problem.
Waveguide Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (WERS) for biomarker detection and identification (2022)

The concentration of small molecule biomarkers in human serum and saliva has been shown to be characteristic of viral disease and correlated with disease severity. Inexpensive point-of-care diagnostic methods to quantify and track these analytes would provide additional information beyond viral or antibody detection assays to guide diagnosis and therapy. Waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (WERS) enables the detection and identification of trace concentrations of dissolved analytes using a chip-scale photonic circuit based on long evanescent waveguides. Here, we describe WERS measurements of two biomarkers: glucose and urea. This proof-of-concept work will provide the basis for the development of handheld bio-marker detection systems based on packaged photonic circuits integrated with a laser source and detector.
Supplementary Figure S2 from IGF2 Preserves Osteosarcoma Cell Survival by Creating an Autophagic State of Dormancy That Protects Cells against Chemotherapeutic Stress (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S2: (A) Representative flow cytometric analysis of DNA content in AXT cells. (B) Cell cycle distribution for cells treated as in (A). (C) Immunofluorescence analysis of Ki67 expression in AXT cells. (D) Representative flow cytometric analysis of Ki67 expression in AXT cells cultured in the presence of insulin. (E) Representative flow cytometric analysis of DNA content in SAOS2 cells. (F) Cell cycle distribution for cells treated as in (E). (G) Immunoblot analysis of cyclin expression in AXT cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Fehlerquellen durch zu kurze Scans im Perfusions-MRT (2015)

Fazit Durch Abbruch verursachte versteckte Fehler einer Perfusions-MRT sind möglicherweise hinreichend groß, um die Behandlung der Patienten zu beeinträchtigen oder das Ergebnis klinischer Untersuchungen zu verfälschen, so die Autoren.
Network Security Configurations: A Nonzero-Sum Stochastic Game Approach (2010)

In this paper, we study a network security configuration problem. More specifically, we consider distributed intrusion detection systems in a network subject to possible simultaneous attacks launched by a number of attackers. We formulate an N + M-person nonzero-sum stochastic game to capture the interactions among detection systems in the network as well as their interactions against exogenous intruders. We show the existence of stationary Nash equilibrium of the game and a value iteration method to attain an ∈-Nash equilibrium. Mimicking the concept of Shannon's capacity in information theory, we propose the notion of security capacity as the largest achievable payoff to an agent at an equilibrium to yield performance limits on the network security. Furthermore, we discuss a mathematical programming approach to characterize the equilibrium as well as the feasibility of a given security target.
Student Recital (May 1, 2013) (2013)

Etude No. 1 / Everett “Vic” Firth Dan Maloney, snare drum French Suite No. 2, BWV 813 / Johann Sebastian Bach Air David Smith, piano Night and Day / Cole Porter What is This Thing Called Love / C. Porter Colin Sullivan, baritone Left Behind / Duncan Sheik Jack Cappadona, tenor Yesterday’s / Otto Harbach Fools Rush In (Where Angels Fear to Tread) / Johnny Mercer Danni Vitorino, tenor You Walk With Me / David Yazbeck Jack Cappadona, tenor Danni Vitorino, tenor Ulrica’s Aria from un ballo in Maschera / Guiseppe Verdi Va! Laisse couler mes larmes / Jules Massenet Diane Card, alto Sonata No, 4 in C Major, BWV 1033 / J. S. Bach Andante Allegro Marie Doyon, flute Three Songs of the Sea, Op. 1 / Roger Quilter The Sea-Bird Moonlight By The Sea Thomas Manning, baritone The Ballad of Baby Doe / Douglas Moore Willow Song Jordan Ennis, soprano Adieu Notre Petite Table / J. Massenet Ach ich fuhl’s from Die Zauberflote, K. 620 / Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Mary Sanker, soprano Se tu m’ami (If You Love Me) / Alessandro Parisotti I Attempt From Love’s Sickness / Henry Purcell Justine Smigel, soprano Ave Maria / Franz Schubert A Quiet Girl / Leonard Bernstein Michael Bradley, baritone The Point of No Return / Andrew Lloyd Weber Michael Bradley, baritone Stephanie Blood, soprano My Lovely Celia / George Monro I Have Dreamed from The King and I / Richard Rogers Richard Moran, tenor Adelita / Francisco Tarrega Cancion Del Emperador / Luis De Navaex Bryan Picher, guitar Cello Suite No. 1, BWV 1007 / J. S. Bach Prelude Mark Gavin, guitar
Bandwidth adaptive snooping (2004)

This paper advocates that cache coherence protocols use a bandwidth adaptive approach to adjust to varied system configurations (e.g., number of processors) and workload behaviors. We propose Bandwidth Adaptive Snooping Hybrid (BASH), a hybrid protocol that ranges from behaving like snooping (by broadcasting requests) when excess bandwidth is available to behaving like a directory protocol (by unicasting requests) when bandwidth is limited. BASH adapts dynamically by probabilistically deciding to broadcast or unicast on a per request basis using a local estimate of recent interconnection network utilization. Simulations of a microbenchmark and commercial and scientific workloads show that BASH robustly performs as well or better than the best of snooping and directory protocols as available bandwidth is varied. By mixing broadcasts and unicasts, BASH outperforms both snooping and directory protocols in the mid-range where a static choice of either is inefficient.
Structure of SurE protein from<i>Aquifex aeolicus</i>VF5 at 1.5 Å resolution (2009)

SurE is a stationary-phase survival protein found in bacteria, eukaryotes and archaea that exhibits a divalent-metal-ion-dependent phosphatase activity and acts as a nucleotidase and polyphosphate phosphohydrolase. The structure of the SurE protein from the hyperthermophile Aquifex aeolicus has been solved at 1.5 A resolution using molecular replacement with one dimer in the asymmetric unit and refined to an R factor of 15.6%. The crystal packing reveals that two dimers assemble to form a tetramer, although gel-filtration chromatography showed the presence of only a dimer in solution. The phosphatase active-site pocket was occupied by sulfate ions from the crystallization medium.
Pharmacomodulation of torasemide led to original diuretic, neuroprotective, anticonvulsant and antithrombotic drugs. (1997)

Pharmacomodulation of torasemide, a diuretic sulfonylurea, led to the discovery of two novel diuretics, a sulfonylthiourea (BM 20) and a sulfonylcyanoguanidine (BM 106). BM 27, a lipophilic sulfonylurea, exhibited neuroprotective properties associated to an anticonvulsant activity. As BM 27, two lipophilic sulfonythioureas (BM 11 and BM 34) revealed an anticonvulsant profile similar to that of phenytoin. Finally the synthesis of torasemide derivatives led to the development of a sulfonylcyanoguanidine (BM 144) with a thromboxane A2 antagonist potency.
Reactivity of [1(2,3)4]Pentamantane (<i>T</i><sub>d</sub>-Pentamantane): A Nanoscale Model of Diamond (2006)

To model the chemical properties of the hydrogen-terminated nanodiamond {111} and {110} surfaces, the functionalizations of the higher diamondoid [1(2,3)4]pentamantane were studied. [1(2,3)4]Pentamantane reacts selectively with neat bromine to give the medial 2-mono- and 2,4-disubstitution products. In contrast, oxidation with nitric acid as well as single-electron-transfer oxidation involving the [1(2,3)4]pentamantane radical cation results in apical C7-substitutions. This substitution pattern dominates in the free-radical bromination under phase-transfer catalytic conditions that gives a mixture of 7- and 2-bromo[1(2,3)4]pentamantane in a 95:5 ratio. Replacement of the functional groups in [1(2,3)4]pentamantane occurs without isomerization. This was demonstrated for the interconversions of the bromo and hydroxy derivatives as well as for the preparation of [1(2,3)4]pentamantyl-7-thiol from 7-hydroxy[1(2,3)4]pentamantane. Thus, the selective functionalization of hydrogen-terminated nanodiamonds is possible by means of reactions with common electrophiles-oxidizers.
Diode-pumped Nd:YLF all-in-one laser (1995)

A high-power longitudinally end-diode-pumped Nd:YLF all-in-one laser has been constructed and tested. The compact single-cavity laser generates pulses with durations of 28 ps. Pulse energies of ~120 or -500 microJ are measured at a 1-kHz repetition rate when the all-in-one laser is pumped with a 3- or 15-W diode laser, respectively. Controlled prelasing is utilized to prevent the buildup of large-amplitude relaxation oscillations and to minimize the prelasing leakage. Pulse shaping in the all-in-one laser is analyzed in terms of the Kuizenga-Siegman theory.
Making nanofibres of mucoadhesive polymer blends for vaginal therapies (2015)

Nanofibres from mucoadhesive polymers could combine their material properties with unique structural characteristics for superior drug delivery performance. However, due to their chain structure a significant proportion of mucoadhesive polymers such as polysaccharides cannot be easily spun into fibres. In this study, we demonstrate the possibility of using polymer blends for the preparation of nanofibres that offer substantial mucoadhesive capabilities. Fibres from four different polymers were obtained by pressurised gyration at different working pressures and a rotation speed of 24,000 rpm. Electron microscopy indicates that structurally well-defined fibres with diameters from less than 100 nm upwards were successfully produced. Quantitative relationships between the physical properties and fibre characteristics were established while the fibre compositions were confirmed to contain features likely to confer mucoadhesive properties. Finally, a combination of texture analysis and atomic force microscopy was used to verify the benefit of transforming polymer powders into nanofibre structures, as far as mucoadhesive potential is concerned.
KRİZ DÖNEMLERİNDE SOSYAL MEDYA KULLANIMI:15 TEMMUZ DARBE (KALKIŞMA) GİRİŞİMİ SONRASINDA TÜRKİYE’DEKİ BAKANLAR KURULU ÜYELERİNİN TWİTTER KULLANIMI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME (2017)

Günümüzde sosyal medya krizlerin başladığı ve krizlerin çözüldüğü bir mecra olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Kullanıcı sayısı her geçen gün artan sosyal medyanın gücüne kayıtsız kalamayan devlet kurumları da sosyal medyadan faydalanmakta, Cumhurbaşkanlığı ve Bakanlar Kurulu üyeleri, kriz dönemlerinde, krizi etkili bir biçimde yönetebilmek amacıyla da sosyal medyadan istifade etmektedirler. Bu çalışma, Türkiye tarihi açısından önemli bir kriz dönemi olan 15 Temmuz darbe girişimi sonrası ilan edilen ilk OHAL sürecini kapsamaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında, örneklem olarak kriz dönemlerinde en yaygın olarak kullanılan sosyal medya ağlarından Twitter seçilmiştir. Cumhurbaşkanı ve Bakanlar Kurulu üyelerinin, ilk OHAL dönemini kapsayan, 20 Temmuz-20 Ekim tarihleri arasında Twitter’ı, ne sıklıkla, hangi amaçlar doğrultusunda kullandıkları nitel ve nicel içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda kriz dönemlerinde Cumhurbaşkanı ve Bakanlar Kurulu üyelerinin Twitter’ı aktif olarak kullandıkları gözlemlenmiştir. Yapılan paylaşımlarla takipçiler; yanıt, Retweet (yeniden tweetleme) ve favorilerle cevap vererek yüksek oranda Cumhurbaşkanı ve Bakanlar Kurulu üyeleriyle etkileşime girmişlerdir. Cumhurbaşkanı ve Bakanlar Kurulu üyelerinin paylaşımlarında kriz yönetimi başlığı öne çıktığı kadar, itibar yönetimine de önem verdikleri görülmüştür. Cumhurbaşkanı ve Bakanlar Kurulu üyelerinin, Türkçe paylaşımlarına kıyasla daha düşük oranda yaptıkları yabancı dildeki paylaşımlarıyla da uluslararası alanda kriz ve itibar yönetimine katkı sağladığı düşünülmektedir.