gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Natural Variation for Seed Longevity and Seed Dormancy Are Negatively Correlated in Arabidopsis     (2012)

Dormancy is a state of metabolic arrest that facilitates the survival of organisms during environmental conditions incompatible with their regular course of life. Many organisms have deep dormant stages to promote an extended life span (increased longevity). In contrast, plants have seed dormancy and seed longevity described as two traits. Seed dormancy is defined as a temporary failure of a viable seed to germinate in conditions that favor germination, whereas seed longevity is defined as seed viability after dry storage (storability). In plants, the association of seed longevity with seed dormancy has not been studied in detail. This is surprising given the ecological, agronomical, and economic importance of seed longevity. We studied seed longevity to reveal its genetic regulators and its association with seed dormancy in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Integrated quantitative trait locus analyses for seed longevity, in six recombinant inbred line populations, revealed five loci: Germination Ability After Storage1 (GAAS1) to GAAS5. GAAS loci colocated with seed dormancy loci, Delay Of Germination (DOG), earlier identified in the same six recombinant inbred line populations. Both GAAS loci and their colocation with DOG loci were validated by near isogenic lines. A negative correlation was observed, deep seed dormancy correlating with low seed longevity and vice versa. Detailed analysis on the collocating GAAS5 and DOG1 quantitative trait loci revealed that the DOG1-Cape Verde Islands allele both reduces seed longevity and increases seed dormancy. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report a negative correlation between seed longevity and seed dormancy.
Research and Development of High Energy 2 - Micron Lasers Based on TM: Doped Ceramic Laser Gain Media and TM: Doped Optical Fibers (2016)

Our research and development of 2-microm femtosecond lasers over the past few years include development of mode-locked Tmfiber lasers, super-continuum generation starting at 2 microm, and efficiently converting the femtosecond pulses of well-developed 1-microm mode-locked lasers to 2 microm and 4 microm. In this report we briefly overview our past work through this contract on the development of an all-fiber Tm mode-locked laser and super-continuum generation, and early work on half-harmonic generation of 2 microm and 4 microm femtosecond pulses and present our recent work on high-power half-harmonic generation at 2 microm, GaP-based half-harmonic generation at 4 microm, and theoretical studies of simulton formation in half-harmonic generation. We have achieved more than 65 of conversion efficiency for the half-harmonic generation, and more than 1.7 W of approximately 30-fs pulses at 2-microm. We have also achieved approximately 43 conversion efficiency in the second stage of half-harmonic generation using orientation-patterned GaP OP-GaP resulting in approximately 220 mW of approximately three-optical-cycle pulses at 4 microm. Since the initial 1-microm laser was a frequency comb source, we could measure the absolute frequencies of the resulting comb at 2 microm and 4 microm and show that cascaded half-harmonic generation of frequency combs was an intrinsically frequency-locked down-conversion process. Using a split-step Fourier numerical tool, we discovered a new operation regime of half-harmonic optical parametric oscillators OPOs, where self-consistent pulses are formed in the resonators, enabling extremely high slope efficiencies. Experimental observations match the theoretical prediction, and they pave the way to further enhancement of the conversion efficiency and spectral coverage of half-harmonic generation.
Influences of processing temperatures on the nature of polarization phenomena in 85% (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-15%BaTiO3 with different strategies of bismuth oxide non-stoichiometry (2023)

Adding excessive metal oxide doping to a powder batch is a known way to compensate for the loss of volatile cation species during high temperature sintering. An important case in the piezoelectric ceramics is the bismuth oxide in the lead-free ferroelectric ceramic bismuth sodium titanate (BNT). Building from the earlier knowledge about excessive bismuth oxide's influences on the properties of BNT, we further note that varying the sintering temperature can both control the distribution of excessive Bi3+ and impact the relaxor/normal ferroelectric behaviors and corresponding phase transition. In addition to the nature of polarization, the sintering temperature also significantly manipulates the electrical conductivity. A hypothetical mechanism for the resistive grain boundary is proposed, based on inferences from electrical—microstructure—processing relations in 85% Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-15% BaTiO3 with batched Bi2O3 excess and acceptor Mg2+ in a co-doped strategy.
Design Visions for Future Energy Systems: Towards Aligning Developers’ Assumptions and Householders’ Expectations (2022)

We increasingly see smart energy technology moving into peoples’ homes, designed to support householders in strategically managing different forms of energy conservation. Often, design visions for such technologies assume householders will accept smart energy systems as long as the interaction remains effortless, efficient, and convenient. Likewise, developers rely on assumptions that smart energy technologies meeting such usability goals may urge householders to become active players in a future energy market. Yet, a growing body of HCI research illustrates that actively engaging people with sustainability issues through technology requires more than merely meeting usability goals. Against this backdrop, our study investigates the design vision of a cutting-edge home energy management system created as part of an EU project and householders’ expectations of it. Our findings highlight (mis)alignments that emerged from a questionnaire study with 167 households participating in a field trial of the developed technology. We use the insights to discuss the alignment of sustainable visions, HCI, and the design of future energy systems.
BiLiMO: Bit-Limited MIMO Radar via Task-Based Quantization (2021)

Recent years have witnessed growing interest in reduced cost radar systems operating with low power. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar technology is known to achieve high performance sensing by probing with multiple orthogonal waveforms. However, implementing a low cost low power MIMO radar is challenging. One of the reasons for this difficulty stems from the increased cost and power consumption required by analog-to-digital convertors (ADCs) in acquiring the multiple waveforms at the radar receiver. In this work we study reduced cost MIMO radar receivers restricted to operate with low resolution ADCs. We design bit-limited MIMO radar (BiLiMO) receivers which are capable of accurately recovering their targets while operating under strict resolution constraints. This is achieved by applying an additional analog filter to the acquired waveforms, and designing the overall hybrid analog-digital system to facilitate target identification using task-based quantization methods. In particular, we exploit the fact that the target parameters can be recovered from a compressed representation of the received waveforms. We thus tune the acquisition system to recover this representation with minimal distortion, from which the targets can be extracted in digital, and characterize the achievable error in identifying the targets. Our numerical results demonstrate that the proposed BiLiMO receiver operating with a bit budget of one bit per sample achieves target recovery performance which approaches that of costly MIMO radars operating with unlimited resolution ADCs, while substantially outperforming MIMO receivers operating only in the digital domain under the same bit limitations.
Wavelet-Based ECG Delineation on a Wearable Embedded Sensor Platform (2009)

The analysis of the electrocardiogram (ECG) is widely used for diagnosing many cardiac diseases. Since most of the clinically useful information in the ECG is found in characteristic wave peaks and boundaries, a significant amount of research effort has been devoted to the development of accurate and robust algorithms for automatic detection of the major ECG characteristic waves (i.e., the QRS complex, P and T waves), so-called ECG wave delineation. One of the most salient ECG wave delineation algorithms is based on the wavelet transform (WT). This work is dedicated to the sensible optimization and porting of this WT-based ECG wave delineator to an actual wearable embedded sensor platform with limited processing and storage resources. The porting was successful and the implementation was extensively validated using a standard manually annotated database. Interestingly, our results show that, despite the limitations of the embedded sensor platform, careful optimization allows to achieve comparable or even better delineation results than the original offline algorithm.
Abstract 659: Inhibiting autophagy improves the efficacy of VN/12-1 over all-trans retinoic acid in a HER2 over-expressing SK-BR3 breast cancer xenograft model (2011)

Abstract Purpose: Autophagy is a critical physiological process of cell survival in the presence of stress and is an important cause of resistance to anti-cancer therapy. Drugs that inhibit autophagy (e.g. chloroquine) deprive the cells of this protective mechanism and therefore are promising agents in a combination therapy of breast cancer. Our group has designed and synthesized a novel retinoic acid derivative, VN/12-1. We reported previously that VN/12-1 is a potent inducer of autophagy in estrogen independent, HER2 over-expressing breast cancer cell line SK-BR3 in vitro. In the present study, we used chloroquine in combination with VN/12-1 in an SK-BR3 xenograft model to test the hypothesis that the combination of VN/12-1 and chloroquine would result in greater efficacy against SK-BR3 tumors compared to VN/12-1 alone or all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) alone. Experimental Design: To test this hypothesis, 64 female SCID mice (8 mice per group) were inoculated with SK-BR3 cells. Once the tumors formed, the mice were treated with vehicle (control), VN/12-1 and ATRA alone or in combination with chloroquine for 30 days. The two dosages of VN/12-1 for the groups involving VN/12-1 were 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg. The doses of ATRA and chloroquine were 5 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg, respectively. All the agents were administered subcutaneously (s.c) twice a week. Results: Out of all the treatment groups, both the dosages of VN/12-1 (2.5 mg/kg and 5mg/kg) when used in combination with chloroquine were the most effective in inhibiting the growth of SK-BR3 tumors (70% and 80% growth inhibition respectively compared to vehicle control). The combination of ATRA with chloroquine did not show statistically significant inhibition of tumor growth. The effect of each treatment on the body weight and the weights of uteri was also determined. No toxicities were observed as noted by no significant changes in the weight of the mice. The data about the tumor samples’ analysis for the effect of each treatment on the expression of various tumor markers and autophagy markers and pharmacokinetic studies on VN/12-1 will be presented. Conclusion: Our studies have demonstrated for the first time that the combination of VN/12-1 and chloroquine can be used to treat estrogen independent breast cancer. It is hoped that this combination therapy would solve the problem of the development of acquired resistance due to autophagy that typically follows therapeutic treatment of breast cancer. We envision further advanced preclinical development of this combination therapy as potential therapy for breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 659. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-659
Verification of prognostic expression biomarkers is improved by examining enriched leukemic blasts rather than mononuclear cells from acute myeloid leukemia patients (2023)

This study provides insights into biological information gained/lost by examining viable CD34-expressing leukemic blasts versus mononuclear cells from the same patient and shows an improved verification rate for expression biomarkers in blasts.
Hybrid Protein–Polymer Biomimetic Membranes (2004)

Protein-functionalized polymers retain dramatically increased stability over lipid membranes and the unique ability to be deposited on solid substrates in the ABA complex. Furthermore, since these polymers can mimic hydrophilic/hydrophobic biological environments in a single molecular chain, direct adsorption of protein-functionalized biomembrane films is enabled, which is a significant advantage over conventional lipid systems. Following the demonstration of protein mutagenesis and nanoscale biomimetic membrane fabrication, monolayer arrays of pore proteins have been deposited onto silicon wafers for applications in sensing nanomolecules such as conjugated quantum dots and colloidal gold beads. Furthermore, we have characterized monolayer surface properties of custom tailored polymers with varied block length for biomimetic membrane applications, as well as developed a multiwell microelectromechanical-system-based membrane testing platform for enhanced versatility in film deposition. We have successfully demonstrated the reconstitution of a genetically engineered OmpF porin in block copolymer-based biomembranes, fabrication of large-area hybrid protein-polymer Langmuir-Blodgett films, as well as protein insertion via macromolecule detection using protein-polymer active materials with the goal of buildup toward a multicomponent microsystem while preserving inherent molecular function.
Age-Aware Stochastic Hybrid Systems: Stability, Solutions, and Applications (2023)

In this paper, we analyze status update systems modeled through the Stochastic Hybrid Systems (SHSs) tool. Contrary to previous works, we allow the system’s transition dynamics to be polynomial functions of the Age of Information (AoI). This dependence allows us to encapsulate many applications and opens the door for more sophisticated systems to be studied. However, this same dependence on the AoI engenders technical and analytical difficulties that we address in this paper. Specifically, we first showcase several characteristics of the age processes modeled through the SHSs tool. Then, we provide a framework to establish the Lagrange stability and positive recurrence of these processes. Building on this, we provide an approach to compute the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$m$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-th moment of the age processes. Interestingly, this technique allows us to approximate the average age by solving a simple set of linear equations. Equipped with this approach, we also provide a sequential convex approximation method to optimize the average age by calibrating the parameters of the system. Finally, we consider an age-dependent CSMA environment where the back-off duration depends on the instantaneous age. By leveraging our analysis, we contrast its performance to the age-blind CSMA and showcase the age performance gain provided by the former.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Carbamoylmethyl‐6‐B‐D‐ribofuranosylpyridine (VIII) with the Aid of a Pd(0)‐Catalyzed Reaction. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The molecular beam epitaxial growth of InSb on (111)B GaAs (1996)

The molecular beam epitaxial growth of InSb on (111)B GaAs has been investigated. It was found that for a given Sb/In ratio, a higher growth temperature was required for the growth of InSb on (111)B GaAs compared to that on (001) GaAs. This difference has been attributed to the bonding characteristics of the (111)B and (001) surface. Once growth had been optimized, it was found that the material characteristics of (111)B InSb were almost identical to that of (001) InSb, i.e., independent of orientation. For example, the x-ray full width at half-maximum and 300 K mobility had the same absolute values for (111) InSb and (001)InSb and followed the same dependence with the sample thickness. Te was found to be a well-behaved n-type dopant for (111)B InSb.
A Machine Learning Approach for IEEE 802.11 Channel Allocation (2018)

Today’s communication is mainly done over wireless networks, with IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) at the forefront. There are billions of devices and millions of access points (APs), but only very few non-overlapping channels. As a result, the performance of Wi-Fi devices is severely degraded, because perfect channel allocation - with every AP alone in its channel - is close to impossible. Even in situations where all networks are under centralised control, existing approaches quickly tend to be either unscalable or suboptimal. By focusing on a subset of problems, identifying Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) that severely interfere with each other, performance can be improved even in such a complex situation. We tackle this problem through machine learning and coin it Bad Neighbour Detection (BND). Based on this output alongside monitoring data about the networks’ activity, we then propose a channel allocation that optimises performance and as a side effect, stabilises networks that we do not control. We evaluate our approach in a field trial and show that we significantly improve the experience for users, eliminating virtually all interference-related issues.
Supplementary Figure 2 from A Phase Ib Study of the Effects of Black Raspberries on Rectal Polyps in Patients with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 10KB, Supplemental Figure 2. Black raspberry (BRB) powder (A)and BRB suppository (B).&lt;/p&gt;
Analysis and modeling of integrated magnetics for LLC resonant converters (2017)

Shunt-inserted transformers are widely used to obtain high leakage inductance. This paper investigates this method in depth to make it applicable to integrate resonant inductor for the LLC resonant converters. The analysis and model of magnetizing inductance and leakage inductance for shunt-inserted planar transformers with and without air gaps are presented. Magnetic shunt permeability and thickness significantly affect the magnetizing inductance and leakage inductance. Air gaps in traditional transformers only have a slight influence on the leakage inductance. However, air gaps in shunt-inserted planar transformers can provide a significant difference. The way to obtain the desirable magnetizing and leakage inductance value for LLC resonant converters is simplified by the creation of air gaps together with a magnetic shunt. The calculation and relation are validated by finite element analysis (FEA) simulations and experimental measurements. AC resistances for the shunt-inserted planar transformers are discussed and three transformers with the same magnetizing inductance are selected for comparison. The results indicate that the magnetic shunt can in some extent minimize fringing effects.
Magnetostriction of grain oriented Si-Fe and its domain model (2011)

Transformer noise has been drawing more and more attentions recently. One of the main causes of transformer noise is magnetostriction of grain oriented electrical steel sheets. Magnetostrictions perpendicular to the rolling direction should also be focused in addition to those to the rolling direction, because magnetic flux flows out of the rolling directions especially around T-joint parts of 3-phase transformers. In this paper, magnetostrictions of high permeability grain oriented electrical steel sheets to the both directions were measured with a Dopplervibrometer and rationalized by magnetic domain models. Streszczenie. .Szumy generowane przez transformatory są obecnie analizowane coraz bardziej szczegolowo. Glownym ich źrodlem jest magnetostrykcja blach zorientowanych. Magnetostrykcja prostopadla do kierunku walcowania powinna byc takze brana pod uwage poniewaz strumien magnetyczny nie zawsze jest w kierunku walcowania. W artykule przeanalizowano magnetostrykcje blach zorientowanych w obu kierunkach uzywając wibrometr Dopplera. (Magnetostrykcja blach anizotropowych SiFe i jej model domenowy)
Platelets enhance CD4+ lymphocyte adhesion to extracellular matrix under flow conditions: Role of platelet aggregation, integrins, and non-integrin receptors (2006)

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of platelets in CD4+ T lymphocyte adhesion to subendothelial extracellular matrix (ECM). Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS)-infected CD4+ T cells were incubated on ECM. An image analysis was used to evaluate T cell adhesion. Under static condition, T cell activation with 4-alpha-Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) resulted in a 2.6-fold increase in cell adhesion. However, adhesion was not affected by platelets. In contrast, under flow (200s(-1)), platelets markedly enhanced both resting and PMA-activated T cell adhesion (33- and 48-fold), forming lymphocyte-platelet co-aggregates that contain approximately 90% of the adherent T cells. Abrogation of platelet aggregation with tirofiban inhibited formation of platelet-T cell co-aggregates under flow and reduced T cell adhesion by 74%. Separate and combined blockade of CD40L and P-selectin glycoprotein-1 (PSGL-1) on PMA-activated lymphocytes reduced adhesion under flow in the presence of platelets by 28%, 33%, and 55%, respectively. Blockade of beta1-integrins decreased adhesion under both static and flow conditions (by 35% and 44%, respectively), while blockade of beta2-integrin reduced adhesion only under static condition (by 23%). A similar adhesion pattern was observed using CD4+ T cells isolated from normal donor peripheral blood. In conclusion, platelets support CD4+ lymphocyte adhesion to ECM under flow by formation of heterotypic platelet-lymphocyte coaggregates involving alphaIIbbeta3 integrin and beta1-related integrins, as well as CD40L and PSGL-1.
Drugs and Bugs (2013)

Knowing how a specific bacterial strain inactivates the cardiac drug digoxin can pinpoint new biomarkers for tailoring therapy.
Monoamines, BDNF, Dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA-Sulfate, and Childhood Depression—An Animal Model Study (2009)

Basal levels of monoamines and DHEA in four main limbic brain regions were measured in prepubertal Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats (a putative animal model of childhood depression). Basal levels of "Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)" were also determined in two regions in the hippocampus, compared with Wistar strain controls. In the second phase, we examined the responsiveness of prepubertal WKY rats to different types of chronic antidepressant treatments: Fluoxetine, Desipramine, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS). WKY prepubertal rats exhibited different monoamine levels in the limbic system, reduced DHEA levels in the VTA and lower levels of BDNF in the hippocampus CA3 region compared to controls. In prepubertal WKY rats, only treatment with DHEAS produced a statistically significant decrease in immobility, compared to saline-administered controls in the forced swim test. Wistar controls were not affected by any antidepressant. The results imply that DHEA(S) and BDNF may be involved in the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of childhood depression.