gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A <sup>11</sup>C‐Methyl stannane (5‐[<sup>11</sup>C]methyl‐1‐aza‐5‐stanna‐bicyclo[3.3.3]undecane) for use in palladium‐mediated [<sup>11</sup>C]C–C bond forming reactions with organohalides (2003)

Abstract The synthesis of a 11 C‐labelled methyl stannane, (5‐[ 11 C]methyl‐1‐aza‐5‐stanna‐bicyclo[3.3.3]undecane ( 2 )), and its use in palladium‐mediated Stille reactions to form [ 11 C]C–C bonds are described. Stannane 2 was synthesized from iodo[ 11 C]methane, 5‐chloro‐1‐aza‐5‐stanna‐bicyclo[3.3.3]undecane 1 and butyl lithium in 20–90% decay‐corrected radiochemical yield starting from iodo[ 11 C]methane. Subsequent reaction with a series of substituted aryl and vinyl halides produced the corresponding [ 11 C]methylated products 3–5 in up to 90% decay‐corrected radiochemical yield from the crude 2 . The total synthesis time, including purification, was 25–30 min from end of radionuclide production. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Selective Blockade of Periostin Exon 17 Preserves Cardiac Performance in Acute Myocardial Infarction (2015)

We previously reported that overexpression of full-length periostin, Pn-1, resulted in ventricular dilation with enhanced interstitial collagen deposition in a rat model. However, other reports have documented that the short-form splice variants Pn-2 (lacking exon 17) and Pn-4 (lacking exons 17 and 21) promoted cardiac repair by angiogenesis and prevented cardiac rupture after acute myocardial infarction. The apparently differing findings from those reports prompted us to use a neutralizing antibody to selectively inhibit Pn-1 by blockade of exon 17 in a rat acute myocardial infarction model. Administration of Pn neutralizing antibody resulted in a significant decrease in the infarcted and fibrotic areas of the myocardium, which prevented ventricular wall thinning and dilatation. The inhibition of fibrosis by Pn neutralizing antibody was associated with a significant decrease in gene expression of fibrotic markers, including collagen I, collagen III, and transforming growth factor-β1. Importantly, the number of α-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts was significantly reduced in the hearts of animals treated with Pn neutralizing antibody, whereas cardiomyocyte proliferation and angiogenesis were comparable in the IgG and neutralizing antibody groups. Moreover, the level of Pn-1 expression was significantly correlated with the severity of myocardial infarction. In addition, Pn-1, but not Pn-2 or Pn-4, inhibited fibroblast and myocyte attachment, which might account for the cell slippage observed during cardiac remodeling. Collectively, these results indicate that therapeutics that specifically inhibit Pn exon-17, via a neutralizing antibody or drug, without suppressing other periostin variants might offer a new class of medication for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction patients.
Well Productivity Index Degradation - Applied Modeling Workflow (2010)

Abstract Productivity index (PI) reduction is a recognized phenomenon in oil and gas production to the extent that production becomes uneconomic. Productivity index (PI) decrease may be caused by several factors arising from reservoir, completion, and operational issues. The reservoir-related factors include compaction, fines migration, pressure support and multi-phase fluid flow. The completion-related issues arise from frac-pack geometry and stress-sensitivity of proppant conductivity. Finally, operational issues such as pressure drawdown at the sandface and induced flux (the movement of fluids across the completion) may also play a large role in PI degradation. Understanding the interactions of different parameters controlling the PI behavior and the resultant well performance is paramount for maximizing the ultimate recovery and net-present value or NPV. PI modeling may offer several challenges because it involves non-unique solutions for reservoirs and near-wellbore and well-completion status, in addition to manual data entry subject to human errors, uncertainties in reservoir parameters, and poor quality field data. This study presents a workflow for modeling well PI degradation for an over-pressured gas/condensate reservoir in deep offshore Gulf of Mexico. An automated procedure was tailored and applied to match production history by adjusting both the reservoir and well completion parameters. Among the reservoir parameters considered were horizontal stresses, rock compressibility, absolute permeability, relative-permeability endpoints and curvature, porosity, stress-sensitive permeability and porosity. The well completion parameters included fracture length, height, width, conductivity, and stress. A "Tabu Scatter Search" optimizer engine (April et al, 2003) selected the optimal values of a set of input parameters to minimize the objective function, i.e. the error between the measured and calculated PI values. Both reservoir and well completion parameters contributing to PI degradation were identified, and compared to those obtained by alternate methods. The relative and combined contributions of stress-sensitive reservoir compressibility, permeability, porosity, and fracture conductivity all helped understand well performance and guide decisions towards optimum well operating envelope.
Laboratory Predictors of Relative Adrenal Insufficiency in Septic Shock (2003)

Fessler, Michael B. MD; O’Brien, James M. MD; Douglas, Ivor S. MD, MRCP Author Information
The fine structure of the dorsal column nucleus and the nucleus of bischoff of the python (<i>Python reticulatus</i>) (1986)

Three types of neuronal perikaryal profiles were identified in the dorsal column nucleus and the nucleus of Bischoff of the python (Python reticulatus). Type I neuronal profiles are large (diameters 12-20 μm) with a deeply indented uncleus. The cisterns of rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) are mostly randomly dispersed. Axosomatic synapses are few. Type II neuronal profiles (9-11 μm) have a smooth, round, or slightly oval nucleus. Several small stacks of rER are present. Type III neuronal profiles (8-10 μm) have little cytoplasm. The nuclear margin is irregular but not deeply infolded. The rER usually consists of a single long perinuclear ribosome-studded cistern. Two types of astrocytic profiles have been identified. Both types contain abundant filaments. Type I astrocytes are large cells, and the nucleus is very irregular in shape. Type II astrocytes are smaller and are found among the myelinated axons in the dorsal funiculus. Two classes of axon terminals have been identified. One class contains round synaptic vesicles (R profiles) and the other flattened vesicles (F profiles). Some R profiles are small (SR profiles), others are large (LR profiles). Some R profiles also contain a few large, dense-cored vesicles. The R and F profiles establish axodendritic and axoaxonal synapses, some of which are located in the synaptic glomeruli and others in the extraglomerular neuropil. In most of the axoaxonal synapses, the presynaptic element is an F profile and the post synaptic element an LR profile. Occasionally, LR profiles are presynaptic to F profiles. The findings in the python are compared with those of the dorsal column nuclei of the rat, cat, and monkey.
Multidimensional Characterization of Single‐Molecule Dynamics in a Plasmonic Nanocavity (2021)

Nanoscale manipulation and characterization of individual molecules is necessary to understand the intricacies of molecular structure, which governs phenomena such as reaction mechanisms, catalysis, local effective temperatures, surface interactions, and charge transport. Here we utilize Raman enhancement between two nanostructured electrodes in combination with direct charge transport measurements to allow for simultaneous characterization of the electrical, optical, and mechanical properties of a single molecule. This multi-dimensional information yields repeatable, self-consistent, verification of single-molecule resolution, and allows for detailed analysis of structural and configurational changes of the molecule in situ. These experimental results are supported by a machine-learning based statistical analysis of the spectral information and calculations to provide insight into the correlation between structural changes in a single-molecule and its charge-transport properties.
Interleaved Single-Stage <i>LLC</i> Converter Design Utilizing Half- and Full-Bridge Configurations for Wide Voltage Transfer Ratio Applications (2021)

Automotive on-board dc-dc converters are required to operate over a wide input and output voltage range depending on the state of charge of the input and the output battery. Conventionally, the unidirectional power transfer between these batteries is enabled by a two-stage converter concept. A first-stage nonisolated dc-dc converter regulates the input voltage of the galvanically isolated second-stage dc-dc converter such that the second-stage converter operates in its optimum operating point. This article presents a single-stage interleaved LLC resonant converter of 3.6 kW for this purpose. While LLC converters are usually not suitable to cover such a wide voltage range (the input voltage between 240 and 420 V and the output voltage between 8 and 16 V), this LLC converter is operated in a full-bridge mode for large gains and in a half-bridge mode for low gains. For intermediate gains and loads, the LLC employs the phase-shift mode. To operate the interleaved LLCs at equal switching frequencies enabling output current ripple cancellation to reduce the output capacitor, again, the phase-shift mode is utilized to balance the power transfer during the full-bridge mode while the asymmetrical duty-cycle mode is proposed for power balancing during the half-bridge mode. This article analyzes the converter design for these modes of operation and provides a comprehensive design procedure allowing the designer to simultaneously analyze all stress values for various resonant tank designs. A 3.6-kW prototype employing Si superjunction MOSFETs achieves a power density of 2.1 kW/L. The maximum efficiency reaches 96.5%, while for most operating points, it is kept well above 90%. The experimental measurement results validate the analysis and show that phase-shift operation and asymmetrical duty-cycle modulation can be utilized for power balancing for full-bridge and half-bridge configurations, respectively, such that a much smaller output capacitor can be employed.
Neuropilin-1: a checkpoint target with unique implications for cancer immunology and immunotherapy (2020)

Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy established a new paradigm in cancer treatment: for certain patients curative treatment requires immune reinvigoration. Despite this monumental advance, only 20%-30% of patients achieve an objective response to standard of care immunotherapy, necessitating the consideration of alternative targets. Optimal strategies will not only stimulate CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, but concomitantly modulate immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), most notably regulatory T cells (T<sub>reg</sub> cells). In this context, the immunoregulatory receptor Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is garnering renewed attention as it reinforces intratumoral T<sub>reg</sub> cell function amidst inflammation in the TME. Loss of NRP1 on T<sub>reg</sub> cells in mouse models restores antitumor immunity without sacrificing peripheral tolerance. Enrichment of NRP1<sup>+</sup> T<sub>reg</sub> cells is observed in patients across multiple malignancies with cancer, both intratumorally and in peripheral sites. Thus, targeting NRP1 may safely undermine intratumoral T<sub>reg</sub> cell fitness, permitting enhanced inflammatory responses with existing immunotherapies. Furthermore, NRP1 has been recently found to modulate tumor-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell responses. Emerging data suggest that NRP1 restricts CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell reinvigoration in response to checkpoint inhibitors, and more importantly, acts as a barrier to the long-term durability of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell-mediated tumor immunosurveillance. These novel and distinct regulatory mechanisms present an exciting therapeutic opportunity. This review will discuss the growing literature on NRP1-mediated immune modulation which provides a strong rationale for categorizing NRP1 as both a key checkpoint in the TME as well as an immunotherapeutic target with promise either alone or in combination with current standard of care therapeutic regimens.
Histone demethylome map reveals combinatorial gene regulatory functions in embryonic stem cells (2020)

Summary Epigenetic regulators and transcription factors establish distinct regulatory networks for gene regulation to maintain the embryonic stem cell (ESC) state. Although much has been learned regarding individual epigenetic regulators, their combinatorial functions remain elusive. Here, we report previously unknown combinatorial functions of histone demethylases (HDMs) in gene regulation of mouse ESCs. Generation of a histone demethylome (HDMome) map of 20 well-characterized HDMs based on their genome-wide binding revealed co-occupancy of HDMs in different combinations: KDM1A-KDM4B-KDM6A and JARID2-KDM2B-KDM4A-KDM4C-KDM5B largely co-occupy at enhancers and promoters, respectively. Mechanistic studies uncover that KDM1A-KDM6A combinatorially modulates P300/H3K27ac, H3K4me2 deposition and OCT4 recruitment that directs the OCT4/CORE regulatory network for target gene expression; while co-operative actions of JARID2-KDM2B-KDM4A-KDM4C-KDM5B control H2AK119ub1 and bivalent marks of polycomb-repressive complexes that facilitate the PRC regulatory network for target gene repression. Thus, combinatorial functions of HDMs differentially impact gene expression programs in mESCs.
Preoperative renal insufficiency is not predictive for kidney dysfunction after heart transplantation (2010)

Objective: The vast majority of patients on the heart transplant wait list has significant preoperative renal dysfunction. The necessity for lifelong potentially nephrotoxic immunosuppression may favor combined heart-kidney transplants in certain cases. With the introduction of newer immunosuppressive agents, the use of calcineurin inhibitors can be liberalized. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the improvement of impaired kidney function in with novel immunsuppressive regimens.
Synthesis and cycloaddition reactivity of selenoaldehydes (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and cycloaddition reactivity of selenoaldehydesPeter T. Meinke and Grant A. KrafftCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 26, 8671–8679Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00234a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00234a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views453Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
IDENTIFICATION OF ACTIVATED TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS FROM MICROARRAY GENE EXPRESSION DATA OF KAMPO MEDICINE-TREATED MICE (2007)

We propose an approach to identify activated transcription factors from gene expression data using a statistical test. Applying the method, we can obtain a synoptic map of transcription factor activities which helps us to easily grasp the system's behavior. As a real data analysis, we use a case-control experiment data of mice treated by a drug of Kampo medicine remedying degraded myelin sheath of nerves in central nervous system. Kampo medicine is Japanese traditional herbal medicine. Since the drug is not a single chemical compound but extracts of multiple medicinal herb, the effector sites are possibly multiple. Thus it is hard to understand the action mechanism and the system's behavior by investigating only few highly expressed individual genes. Our method gives summary for the system's behavior with various functional annotations, e.g. TFAs and gene ontology, and thus offer clues to understand it in more holistic manner.
Acoustic Wave Propagation in Pressure Sense Lines (2003)

Sense lines are used in pressure measurements to passively transmit information from hostile environments to areas where transducers can be used. The transfer function of a sense line can be used to obtain information about the measured environment from the protected sensor. Several properties of this transfer function are examined, including frequency dependence, Helmholtz resonance, and time of flight delay.
Modelling the microstructure of emulsion copolymers (1985)

Abstract A simple model for predicting the microstructure of emulsion copolymers is presented. The model, which is based on the Markov processes, allows the prediction of the copolymer sequence distribution as accurately as the previous complex model.
Cell by cell immuno- and cancer marker profiling of non-small cell lung cancer tissue: Checkpoint marker expression on CD103+, CD4+ T-cells predicts circulating tumor cells (2020)

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a poor prognosis. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy in recent years has significantly improved NSCLC patient outcome. In this study, we employed cell-by-cell immune and cancer marker profiling of the primary tumor cells to investigate possible signatures that might predict the presence or absence of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). We performed a comprehensive study on 10 NSCLC patient tissue samples with paired blood samples. The solid tissue biopsy samples were dissociated into single cells by non-enzymatic tissue homogenization and stained with a total 25 immune, cancer markers and DNA content dye and analyzed with high-parameter flow cytometry. CTCs were isolated and analyzed from the paired peripheral blood. We investigated a total of 74 biomarkers for their correlation with CTC number. Strong correlations were observed between CTC number and the frequency of immune checkpoint marker expressing lymphocytes (CTLA-4, LAG3, TIM3, PD-1), within the CD103<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup> T lymphocyte subset. CTC number is also correlated with the frequency of PD-L1 expressing cancer cells and cancer cell DNA content. In contrast, CTC number inversely correlated to the frequency of CD44<sup>+</sup>E-cadherin<sup>-</sup> cancer cells. Unsupervised clustering analysis based on the biomarker analysis separated the CTC negative patients from the CTC positive patients. Profiling multiple immune and cancer markers on cancer samples with multi-parametric flow cytometry allowed us to obtain protein expression information at the single cell level. Clustering analysis of the proteomic data revealed a signature driven by checkpoint marker expression on CD103<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells that could potentially be predictive of CTCs and targets of therapy.
Global active contour-based image segmentation via probability alignment (2009)

Active contours is a popular technique for image segmentation. However, active contour tend to converge to the closest local minimum of its energy function and often requires a close boundary initialization. We introduce a new approach that overcomes the close boundary initialization problem by reformulating the external energy term. We treat the active contour as a mean curve of the probability density function p(x). It moves to minimize the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between p(x) and the probability density function derived from the image. KL divergence forces p(x) to “cover all image areas” and the uncovered areas are heavily penalized, which allows the active contour to go over the edges. Also we use deterministic annealing on the width of p(x) to implement a coarse-to-fine search strategy. In the limit, when the width of p(x) goes to zero, the KL divergence function converges to the conventional external energy term (which can be seen a special case) of active contours. Our method produces robust segmentation results from arbitrary initialization positions.
Remote Energy Monitoring System via Cellular Network (2012)

Recently, improvement on power saving and cost efficiency by monitoring the operation status of various facilities over the network has gained attention. Wireless network, especially cellular network, has advantage in mobility, coverage, and scalability. On the other hand, it has disadvantage of low reliability, due to rapid changes in the available bandwidth. We propose a transmission control scheme based on data priority and instantaneous available bandwidth to realize a highly reliable remote monitoring system via cellular network. We have developed our proposed monitoring system and evaluated the effectiveness of our scheme, and proved it reduces the maximum transmission delay of sensor status to 1/10 compared to best effort transmission.
Electrochemical Pressure Impedance Spectroscopy for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells via Back-Pressure Control (2022)

Electrochemical pressure impedance spectroscopy (EPIS) analyses the voltage response of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) as a function of an applied pressure signal in the frequency domain. EPIS is similar to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and its development was inspired by the diagnostic capabilities of the latter. The EPIS introduced in this work modulates the cathode pressure of a PEFC with a sinusoidal signal through the use of a back-pressure controller, and monitors the cell voltage while holding the cell at a constant current. A sinusoidal pressure wave propagates along the flow field channels because of this pressure modulation. This pressure wave impacts local reaction rates and transport properties in the cathode, resulting in a sinusoidal voltage response. The amplitude ratio and phase difference between these two sinusoidal waves entail diagnostic information on processes that take place within the PEFC. To demonstrate the utility of the EPIS technique, experiments have been carried out to measure and analyze the frequency response of PEFCs with two different flow fields. A parametric study has been conducted to characterize the effect of pressure oscillation amplitude, load, oxygen concentration, oxygen stoichiometry and cathode gas flow rate on the EPIS signal.