gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Eco-design principles for a preliminary eco-efficiency assessment in the design phase: application on membrane envelopes (2019)

Stating the necessity of increasing the designers’ awareness of both lightweight and flexible materials and their performances, in a life cycle thinking perspective, this contribute is based on the updated identified needs of the membrane sector (Cost Action TU1303, 2017): Life Cycle Assessment, durability aspects, recyclability, social acceptability, thermal, optical, acoustic comforts. Into the frame of the Tensinet association activity, the Textile Architecture Network of Politecnico di Milano is continuing the search of Eco-design strategies and enlarging the mapping of case studies, by the application ex-post of two eco-efficiency principles in order to verify their validness and their efficacy for the designer’s need, during the design process of a membrane system. The main advancement of this work is here presented adding new membranes case studies to the initial analysis. The aim is to verify the applicability of the principles to a wider and different uses of membranes and the identification of reference rates. The results demostrate relations between the rate of the eco- efficiency, the year of construction and the evolution of the technology and the impostance to take into account in the design phases the environmental impact of membrane structures.
Power Supply Overlaid Communication with Common Clock Delivery for Cooperative Motion Control (2011)

For the control of multiple servomotors in a humanoid robots, a communication system is proposed. In the system, DC electric power, command/response signals and a common clock signal for precise synchronous movement of the servomotors are transmitted via the same wiring with a multi-drop bus. Because of the bandwidth limitation, the common clock signal and the command/response signals overlap each other. It is confirmed that the coexistence of both signals is possible by using interference cancellation at the reception of command/response signals.
Halogen‐Bond‐Assisted Guest Inclusion in a Synthetic Cavity (2015)

Abstract The confined space inside a self‐assembled cage enhanced halogen bonding (XB) between iodoperfluorocarbons (XB donors) and NO 3 − anions or H 2 O molecules (XB acceptors), as confirmed by NMR spectroscopy in solution and by X‐ray crystallography in the solid state. The cavity also bound an XB donor–acceptor pair, C 6 F 3 I 3 and C 6 H 5 NMe 2 , in a selective pairwise fashion.
Reactivation of eNOS in the endothelium rescues eNOS KO mice from endothelial dysfunction and hypertension (2020)

Production of nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS; NOS3) plays a key role in regulation of vascular tone and blood pressure. The aim of this study was to establish “loss” and “gain” of function models for eNOS by using tissue specific Cre‐induced gene inactivation or reactivation. To accomplish this, two independent genotypes were created: 1) a conventional floxed eNOS (eNOS flox/flox ) against exon 2 or 2) a Cre‐inducible eNOS knock‐in (KI) gene construct (eNOS inv/inv ) allowing targeted removal or reactivation of eNOS expression. Both the eNOS flox/flox and eNOS inv/inv were crossed with endothelial cell (EC)‐specific tamoxifen (TAM)‐inducible Cre mice to create EC‐specific knock‐out (EC eNOS KO) and EC eNOS KI mice. We found that Cre‐specific DNA recombination occurred specifically in endothelium of both EC eNOS KO and EC eNOS KI, as assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). TAM treatment fully abolished mRNA and protein expression of eNOS in the aorta of EC eNOS KO (eNOS flox/flox Cre pos ) mice, but not in Cre negative or untreated mice, as determined by retro transcription qPCR and western blot analysis. Functionally, the EC eNOS KO demonstrated inhibition of Ach‐induced vasodilation of aortic rings ex vivo , as well as flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) of the arteria iliaca in vivo (assessed by ultrasound). Moreover, absence of eNOS in the endothelium of EC eNOS KO was correlated with spontaneous hypertension, assessed by Millar catheter (MAP was 80.37 ± 2.135 mmHg in EC eNOS KO against 67.88 ± 2.723 mmHg in control mice). Next, we tested blood pressure of eNOS inv/inv which fully lacked eNOS expression in all tissues and was hypertensive. In EC eNOS KI (eNOS inv/inv Cre pos treated with TAM) the expression of eNOS was completely restored in endothelium, leading to a significant decrease of the blood pressure as compared to eNOS inv/inv Cre neg mice. In conclusion, we report the first inducible “loss” and “gain” of function models of eNOS in the vascular endothelium demonstrating that reactivation of eNOS rescues from endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. These mice models can further be applied to non endothelial tissues to further investigate the role of eNOS in different tissues in modulating blood pressure and systemic hemodynamics. Support or Funding Information This work was supported by the German Research Council (DFG CO 1305/2‐1 to M.M.C.‐K.; F.L. is a scholar of the IRTG1902 to M.M.C.‐K. and B.E.I. and by a research grant of the Forschungskommission to M.M.C.‐K., Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf.
Erratum to: Flocculated flow of microfibrillated cellulose water suspensions: an imaging approach for characterisation of rheological behaviour (2017)

The article “Flocculated flow of microfibrillated cellulose water suspensions: an imaging approach for characterisation of rheological behaviour,” written by Eve Saarikoski, Tapio Saarinen, Juha Salmela and Jukka Seppälä, was originally published Online First without open access.
Thermal processing of spray-pyrolyzed and electrodeposited Tl superconductor films and optimization of the transport critical current density (1995)

Employing a flow-through "two-zone" thermal processing system to control thallous oxide vapor pressure, we have investigated two different types of precursors and explored their potential for producing open tape conductors with high critical current densities. The two methods examined were: (1) precursor Pb-Sr-Ba-Ca-Cu-O(Ag) sprayed as a colloidal ink onto a heated substrate; (2) precursor material deposited by electrodeposition from an electrolytic solution containing the metal nitrates. Although both of these methods produce precursors with the proper stoichiometric ratios, vast differences in other properties such as reactivity, density, thickness, and morphology exist. The effects of these precursor properties upon subsequent superconducting characteristics such as phase development, final morphology, and electrical transport are characterized by XRD, SEM/optical microscopies, R vs. T and J/sub c/ measurements, respectively. Both types of precursors have produced superconducting films with high J/sub c/'s. Phase-pure textured films have been obtained on a variety of substrates.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Antisymmetric magnetoresistance in SmCo5 amorphous films with imprinted in-plane magnetic anisotropy (2014)

We report on magnetoresistance measurements in SmCo5 amorphous films with a giant imprinted magnetic anisotropy. At low applied field parallel to the easy axis, the magnetoresistance exhibits a hysteretic, square, and antisymmetric shape. The antisymmetry in the magnetoresistance is a result of the non-uniform distribution of the magnetization direction over the sample in conjunction with the extraordinary Hall effect. Moreover, the combination of anisotropic magnetoresistance measurements and magnetic domain imaging demonstrates that the symmetry depends on the magnetization orientation with respect to the applied field.
Tunable DNA Photocleavage by an Acridine−Imidazole Conjugate (2005)

We report the synthesis and characterization of photonucleases N,N'-bis[2-[bis(1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)amino]ethyl]-3,6-acridinediamine (7) and N-[2-[bis(1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)amino]ethyl]-3,6-acridinediamine (10), consisting of a central 3,6-acridinediamine chromophore attached to 4 and 2 metal-coordinating imidazole rings, respectively. In DNA reactions employing 16 metal salts, photocleavage of pUC19 plasmid is markedly enhanced when compound 7 is irradiated in the presence of either Hg(II), Fe(III), Cd(II), Zn(II), V(V), or Pb(II) (low-intensity visible light, pH 7.0, 22 degrees C, 8-50 microM 7). We also show that DNA photocleavage by 7 can be modulated by modifying buffer type and pH. Evidence of metal complex formation is provided by EDTA experiments and by NMR and electrospray ionization mass spectral data. Sodium azide, sodium benzoate, superoxide dismutase, and catalase indicate the involvement of type I and II photochemical processes in the metal-assisted DNA photocleavage reactions. Thermal melting studies show that compound 7 increases the Tm of calf thymus DNA by 10 +/- 1 degrees C at pH 7.0 and that the Tm is further increased upon the addition of either Hg(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), or Pb(II). In the case of Fe(III) and V(V), a colorimetric assay demonstrates that compound 7 sensitizes one electron photoreduction of these metals to Fe(II) and V(IV), likely accelerating the production of type I reactive oxygen species. Our data collectively indicate that buffer, pH, Hg(II), Fe(III), Cd(II), Zn(II), V(V), Pb(II), and light can be used to "tune" DNA cleavage by compound 7 under physiologically relevant conditions. The 3,6-acridinediamine acridine orange has demonstrated great promise for use as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy. In view of the distribution of iron in living cells, compound 7 and other metal-binding acridine-based photonucleases should be expected to demonstrate excellent photodynamic action in vivo.
Realtime Simulation of Thin-Shell Deformable Materials using CNN-Based Mesh Embedding (2019)

We address the problem of accelerating thin-shell deformable object simulations by dimension reduction. We present a new algorithm to embed a high-dimensional configuration space of deformable objects in a low-dimensional feature space, where the configurations of objects and feature points have approximate one-to-one mapping. Our key technique is a graph-based convolutional neural network (CNN) defined on meshes with arbitrary topologies and a new mesh embedding approach based on physics-inspired loss term. We have applied our approach to accelerate high-resolution thin shell simulations corresponding to cloth-like materials, where the configuration space has tens of thousands of degrees of freedom. We show that our physics-inspired embedding approach leads to higher accuracy compared with prior mesh embedding methods. Finally, we show that the temporal evolution of the mesh in the feature space can also be learned using a recurrent neural network (RNN) leading to fully learnable physics simulators. After training our learned simulator runs $500-10000\times$ faster and the accuracy is high enough for robot manipulation tasks.
Intracellular Galectin-3 Is Essential for OX40-Mediated Memory CD8+ T Cell Development (2020)

CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells are critical mediators of adaptive immunity, and enhancing their function can promote robust responses against invading pathogens and neoplastic cells. In addition to TCR stimulation, the provision of costimulation through ligation of TNFR family members, such as OX40 (CD134), provides essential signals driving T cell differentiation, survival, and memory in part through enhanced IL-2/IL-2R signaling. Interestingly, TCR stimulation in the presence of IL-2 upregulates intracellular expression of the β-galactoside binding protein, Galectin-3 (Gal-3). Gal-3 has been shown to regulate Th1/Th2 polarization of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells; however, the extent to which Gal-3 regulates the OX40/IL-2 signaling axis and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell proliferation, effector function, and/or survival is unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that murine Gal-3-deficient CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells exhibited no defects in early (36 h) activation or proliferation following TCR stimulation. In contrast, Gal-3<sup>-/-</sup> CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells exhibited decreased survival and a reduced capacity to develop into memory cells following stimulation with cognate Ag plus agonist anti-OX40 mAb or IL-2 in vivo. Decreased survival of Gal-3<sup>-/-</sup> T cells was associated with increased apoptosis and occurred in a cell-intrinsic manner. Together, these data implicate intracellular Gal-3 as a critical mediator of OX40-mediated CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell survival and memory formation following Ag exposure.
Watercress – cultivation methods and health effects (2019)

Watercress, Nasturtium officinale R. Br., is a native water or semi-aquatic plant that has a high nutrient density. Physiologically relevant are the various glucosinolates, which possess positive health effects in form of their thio- and isothiocyanates. In an interdisciplinary project, we aim to develop a hydroponic, and finally an aquaponic, circulatory cultivation system and to study the health effects of watercress. In humans, there is a lack of data-based knowledge on potential beneficial health effects of watercress. Growth of watercress was followed during one season in an open-door hydroponic system. Watercress was also cultivated in the greenhouse in different substrates with different concentrations of nutrients and salt. The biomass production is strongly dependent on the temperature. The glucosinolate contents differ significantly during the growing season, especially during flowering. Watercress naturally grows in nutrient-rich fresh waters, however, when cultivated at NaCl concentrations of up to 120 mM the gain in biomass is still high. In a human proof-of-concept study, indications for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of fresh watercress were observed already after a single dose intake of fresh watercress (85 g). Further in vivo and in vitro studies are planned to study health beneficial effects of watercress and its metabolic activity.
Non‐activated Esters as Reactive Handles in Direct Post‐Polymerization Modification (2023)

Non-activated esters are prominently featured functional groups in polymer science, as ester functional monomers display great structural diversity and excellent compatibility with a wide range of polymerization mechanisms. Yet, their direct use as a reactive handle in post-polymerization modification has been typically avoided due to their low reactivity, which impairs the quantitative conversion typically desired in post-polymerization modification reactions. While activated ester approaches are a well-established alternative, the modification of non-activated esters remains a synthetic and economically valuable opportunity. In this review, we discuss past and recent efforts in the utilization of non-activated ester groups as a reactive handle to facilitate transesterification and aminolysis/amidation reactions, and the potential of the developed methodologies in the context of macromolecular engineering.
Simultaneous segmentation of multiple heart cavities in 3D transesophageal echocardiograms (2013)

Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE) is an excellent modality for real-time visualization of the heart and monitoring of interventions. However, 3D TEE segmentation is still a challenging task due to the complex anatomy, the limited field of view, and typical ultrasound artifacts. To improve the usability of 3D TEE for monitoring interventions, we propose to segment all cavities within the TEE view with a multi-cavity Active Shape Model (ASM) derived from Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) in conjunction with a tissue/blood classification based on a Gamma Mixture Model (GMM). 3D TEE image data of five patients were acquired with a Philips X7-2t matrix TEE probe. Tissue probability maps were estimated by a two class (blood/tissue) GMM. A statistical shape model containing left and right ventricle, left and right atrium and aorta (LV, LA, RV, LA, Ao) was derived from CTA scans of 151 patients by Principal Component Analysis. Models from individual cavities (ASM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">part</sub> : ASM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LV</sub> etc.) and of the whole heart (ASM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">tot</sub> ) were generated. First, ASM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">tot</sub> was aligned with the 3D TEE by indicating 3 anatomical landmarks. Second, pose and shape of ASM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">tot</sub> were iteratively updated by a weighted update scheme excluding parts outside of the image sector. Third, shape and pose of each ASM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">part</sub> were initialized based on shape and pose of ASM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">tot</sub> and iteratively updated in a constrained manner to fit the tissue probability maps. All 3D TEE sets were manually outlined in multiple short and long axis views by two observers. The mean outline of both observers was compared to the ASM segmentations by calculating Dice coefficients. All patients had preoperative CTA scans which were segmented using an atlas approach. The TEE and the CTA segmentation were registered and Dice coefficients were computed. The Dice coefficients of the whole heart between the average observer and ASM segmentations were 0.91, 0.75, 0.87, 0.88, and 0.84 (interobserver variability: 0.95, 0.92, 0.92, 0.88, and 0.90) for TEE set 1 to 5 respectively. The Dice coefficient for the whole hart between CTA and TEE segmentation were 0.85, 0.80, 0.80, 0.81, and 0.71 and showed good agreement. In this work we could successfully show the accuracy and robustness of the proposed multi-cavity segmentation scheme.
Ruminant urine patch nitrification and N <sub>2</sub> O flux: effects of urine aucubin rate in a laboratory trial (2019)

ABSTRACT Livestock urine deposition onto grazed New Zealand pastures drives soil nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions. Urine patch N 2 O emissions can be reduced by inhibiting nitrification, a key urine patch nitrogen (N) transformation pathway. Aucubin, a secondary metabolite found in the pasture herb species plantain ( Plantago lanceolata ), is a potential nitrification inhibitor and could be excreted in urine by animals grazing plantain. In this laboratory trial, three rates of aucubin application (10, 50, and 100% of the highest theoretical aucubin excretion rate from cows grazing 100% plantain pasture) were added to urine and assessed for their potential to inhibit nitrification and subsequent N 2 O emissions. Significantly reduced N 2 O flux and soil concentrations, aligned with significantly increased soil and soil surface pH, indicated that aucubin inhibited nitrification from 5 to 17 days after urine application. However, this period of inhibition was not sufficient to reduce overall N 2 O emissions during the 35 day experiment.
The prenylation of proteins (1991)

Proteins that are post-translationally modified by thioether-linked prenyl groups (long-chain isoprenoid products of mevalonic acid) include heterotrimeric and low-molecular-weight guanine nucleotide-binding proteins and nuclear lamins. In each case, a prenylated, C-terminal cysteine residue appears to influence protein location and activity in cells.
MicroRNA profiling of psoriatic skin identifies 11 miRNAs associated with disease severity (2021)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that have emerged as central regulators of gene expression and powerful biomarkers of disease. Much is yet unknown about their role in psoriasis pathology. To globally characterize the miRNAome of psoriatic skin, skin biopsies were collected from psoriatic cases (n = 75) and non-psoriatic controls (n = 46) and RNA sequenced. Count data were meta-analysed with a previously published dataset (cases, n = 24, controls, n = 20), increasing the number of psoriatic cases fourfold from previously published studies. Differential gene expression analyses were performed comparing lesional psoriatic (PP), non-lesional psoriatic (PN) and control (NN) skin. Further, functional enrichment and cell-specific analyses were performed. Across all contrasts, we identified 439 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs), of which 85 were novel for psoriasis and 11 were related to disease severity. Meta-analyses identified 20 DEMs between PN and NN, suggesting an inherent change in the constitution of all skin in psoriasis. By integrating the miRNA transcriptome with mRNA target interactions, we identified several functionally enriched terms, including "thyroid hormone signalling," "insulin resistance" and various infectious diseases. Cell-specific expression analyses revealed that the upregulated DEMs were enriched in epithelial and immune cells. This study provides the most comprehensive overview of the miRNAome in psoriatic skin to date and identifies a miRNA signature related to psoriasis severity. Our results may represent molecular links between psoriasis and related comorbidities and have outlined potential directions for future functional studies to identify biomarkers and treatment targets.
A low-dissipation, pumpless, gravity-induced flow battery (2016)

Redox flow batteries have the potential to provide low-cost energy storage to enable renewable energy technologies such as wind and solar to overcome their inherent intermittency and to improve the efficiency of electric grids.
Equimolar Production of Amyloid β-Protein and Amyloid Precursor Protein Intracellular Domain from β-Carboxyl-terminal Fragment by γ-Secretase (2006)

We showed previously that cells expressing wild-type (WT) beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) or coexpressing WTAPP and WT presenilin (PS) 1/2 produced APP intracellular domains (AICD) 49-99 and 50-99, with the latter predominating. On the other hand, the cells expressing mutant (MT) APP or coexpressing WTAPP and MTPS1/2 produced a greater proportion of AICD-(49-99) than AICD-(50-99). In addition, the expression of amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) 49 in cells resulted in predominant production of Abeta40 and that of Abeta48 leads to preferential production of Abeta42. These observations suggest that epsilon-cleavage and gamma-cleavage are interrelated. To determine the stoichiometry between Abeta and AICD, we have established a 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid-solubilized gamma-secretase assay system that exhibits high specific activity. By using this assay system, we have shown that equal amounts of Abeta and AICD are produced from beta-carboxyl-terminal fragment (C99) by gamma-secretase, irrespective of WT or MTAPP and PS1/2. Although various Abeta species, including Abeta40, Abeta42, Abeta43, Abeta45, Abeta48, and Abeta49, are generated, only two species of AICD, AICD-(49-99) and AICD-(50-99), are detected. We also have found that M233T MTPS1 produced only one species of AICD, AICD-(49-99), and only one for its counterpart, Abeta48, in contrast to WT and other MTPS1s. These strongly suggest that epsilon-cleavage is the primary event, and the produced Abeta48 and Abeta49 rapidly undergo gamma-cleavage, resulting in generation of various Abeta species.