gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advanced Hybrid Supercapacitor Based on a Mesoporous Niobium Pentoxide/Carbon as High-Performance Anode (2014)

Recently, hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs), which combine the use of battery and supercapacitor, have been extensively studied in order to satisfy increasing demands for large energy density and high power capability in energy-storage devices. For this purpose, the requirement for anode materials that provide enhanced charge storage sites (high capacity) and accommodate fast charge transport (high rate capability) has increased. Herein, therefore, a preparation of nanocomposite as anode material is presented and an advanced HSC using it is thoroughly analyzed. The HSC comprises a mesoporous Nb2O5/carbon (m-Nb2O5-C) nanocomposite anode synthesized by a simple one-pot method using a block copolymer assisted self-assembly and commercial activated carbon (MSP-20) cathode under organic electrolyte. The m-Nb2O5-C anode provides high specific capacity with outstanding rate performance and cyclability, mainly stemming from its enhanced pseudocapacitive behavior through introduction of a carbon-coated mesostructure within a voltage range from 3.0 to 1.1 V (vs Li/Li(+)). The HSC using the m-Nb2O5-C anode and MSP-20 cathode exhibits excellent energy and power densities (74 W h kg(-1) and 18,510 W kg(-1)), with advanced cycle life (capacity retention: ∼90% at 1000 mA g(-1) after 1000 cycles) within potential range from 1.0 to 3.5 V. In particular, we note that the highest power density (18,510 W kg(-1)) of HSC is achieved at 15 W h kg(-1), which is the highest level among similar HSC systems previously reported. With further study, the HSCs developed in this work could be a next-generation energy-storage device, bridging the performance gap between conventional batteries and supercapacitors.
USING RELATIVE IMPORTANCE METHODS TO MODEL HIGH-THROUGHPUT GENE PERTURBATION SCREENS (2008)

With the advent of high-throughput gene perturbation screens (e.g., RNAi assays, genome-wide deletion mutants), modeling the complex relationship between genes and phenotypes has become a paramount problem. One broad class of methods uses 'guilt by association' methods to impute phenotypes to genes based on the interactions between the given gene and other genes with known phenotypes. But these methods are inadequate for genes that have no cataloged interactions but which nevertheless are known to result in important phenotypes. In this paper, we present an approach to first model relationships between phenotypes using the notion of 'relative importance' and subsequently use these derived relationships to make phenotype predictions. Besides improved accuracy on S. cerevisiae deletion mutants and C. elegans knock-down datasets, we show how our approach sheds insight into relations between phenotypes.
Survey on visual sentiment analysis (2020)

Visual Sentiment Analysis aims to understand how images affect people, in terms of evoked emotions. Although this field is rather new, a broad range of techniques have been developed for various data sources and problems, resulting in a large body of research. This paper reviews pertinent publications and tries to present an exhaustive overview of the field. After a description of the task and the related applications, the subject is tackled under different main headings. The paper also describes principles of design of general Visual Sentiment Analysis systems from three main points of view: emotional models, dataset definition, feature design. A formalization of the problem is discussed, considering different levels of granularity, as well as the components that can affect the sentiment toward an image in different ways. To this aim, this paper considers a structured formalization of the problem which is usually used for the analysis of text, and discusses it's suitability in the context of Visual Sentiment Analysis. The paper also includes a description of new challenges, the evaluation from the viewpoint of progress toward more sophisticated systems and related practical applications, as well as a summary of the insights resulting from this study.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia with situs inversus totalis, hydrocephalus internus and cardiac malformations in a dog (2001)

A nine-month-old golden retriever bitch was presented with exercise intolerance and recurrent nasal discharge. Based on clinical, radiographic and ultrasonographic examination, a diagnosis of rhinitis, situs inversus totalis and tricuspid valve insufficiency was established. The results of video- and electron microscopy studies of the respiratory epithelium were compatible with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). However, no evidence of a primary ultrastructural defect of the cilia was found. The dog was euthanased because of the poor prognosis. At necropsy, a hydrocephalus internus and a subaortic stenosis were additionally diagnosed. PCD, in combination with situs inversus, has been previously reported in golden retrievers, but without a concomitant hydrocephalus internus. Furthermore, concomitant occurrence of internal cardiac malformation and PCD has not previously been reported in the dog.
Identification of Cargo Proteins Specific for Importin-β with Importin-α Applying a Stable Isotope Labeling by Amino Acids in Cell Culture (SILAC)-based in Vitro Transport System* (2013)

The human importin (Imp)-β family consists of 21 nucleocytoplasmic transport carrier proteins, which transport thousands of proteins (cargoes) across the nuclear envelope through nuclear pores in specific directions. To understand the nucleocytoplasmic transport in a physiological context, the specificity of cargoes for their cognate carriers should be determined; however, only a limited number of nuclear proteins have been linked to specific carriers. To address this biological question, we recently developed a novel method to identify carrier-specific cargoes. This method includes the following three steps: (i) the cells are labeled by stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC); (ii) the labeled cells are permeabilized, and proteins in the unlabeled cell extracts are transported into the nuclei of the permeabilized cells by a particular carrier; and (iii) the proteins in the nuclei are quantitatively identified by LC-MS/MS. The effectiveness of this method was demonstrated by the identification of transportin (Trn)-specific cargoes. Here, we applied this method to identify cargo proteins specific for Imp-β, which is a predominant carrier that exclusively utilizes Imp-α as an adapter for cargo binding. We identified candidate cargoes, which included previously reported and potentially novel Imp-β cargoes. In in vitro binding assays, most of the candidate cargoes bound to Imp-β in one of three binding modes: directly, via Imp-α, or via other cargoes. Thus, our method is effective for identifying a variety of Imp-β cargoes. The identified Imp-β and Trn cargoes were compared, ensuring the carrier specificity of the method and illustrating the complexity of these transport pathways.
Consensus practice guidelines on interventions for cervical spine (facet) joint pain from a multispecialty international working group (2021)

Cervical medial branch radiofrequency ablation may provide benefit to well-selected individuals, with medial branch blocks being more predictive than intra-articular injections. More stringent selection criteria are likely to improve denervation outcomes, but at the expense of false-negatives (ie, lower overall success rate). Clinical trials should be tailored based on objectives, and selection criteria for some may be more stringent than what is ideal in clinical practice.
Regulation of Gene Expression during Aerobic Germination of Mucor racemosus Sporangiospores (1987)

The pool of mRNA stored in dormant sporangiospores of Mucor racemosus and expressed during early germination in air has been investigated. Total RNA was extracted from dormant and germinating spores and translated in a cell-free rabbit reticulocyte system containing L-[35S]methionine. Isotopically labelled in vitro translation products were analysed by PAGE and autoradiography and were compared with labelled proteins synthesized in vivo at the same stages of development. This comparison revealed several significant findings about the fates of individual mRNA populations as templates in translation: (i) a pool of mRNA, presumably represented entirely or in part by a recoverable polyadenylated RNA fraction, can be extracted from dormant spores in a translatable form; (ii) most of the differential gene expression displayed at the level of protein synthesis during germination results from concomitant changes in functional mRNA levels; (iii) some of the stored mRNA species may be activated and others inactivated by post-transcriptional processing mechanisms; and (iv) a small population of gene products may be regulated at the level of selective translation of pre-existing messages.
Carta. Por un cambio en la evaluación de la investigación científica: “no tirar al niño junto con el agua sucia” (2021)

This is a response to two letters published recently in the Profesional de la información journal on the need for changes in the evaluation of science. Two elements are proposed that should be part of any future evaluation model, namely the obligation for accountability through external evaluations, and the central role of science communication. Likewise, examples of in-depth changes that can be undertaken and that respect these two essential principles are presented. Additionally, a review of sometimes misinterpreted concepts is proposed, such as the expression “publish or perish,” because it masks the real problem instead of denouncing it, or that of self-plagiarism because not only is it an oxymoron but it also places plagiarism in a field of acceptable practices, which is meaningless. Resumen Respuesta a dos cartas recientes publicadas en la revista Profesional de la información sobre la necesidad de cambios en la evaluación de la ciencia. Se proponen dos elementos que deberían formar parte de cualquier futuro modelo de evaluación, a saber: la obligación del rendimiento de cuentas mediante evaluaciones externas, y el papel central de la comunicación de la ciencia. Así mismo, se presentan ejemplos de cambios en profundidad que pueden acometerse y que respetan estos dos principios esenciales. Adicionalmente se propone una revisión de conceptos a veces mal interpretados, como la expresión publish or perish, porque enmascara el auténtico problema en lugar de denunciarlo, o el de autoplagio porque no solamente es un oxímoron sino que sitúa el plagio en un terreno de prácticas aceptables, lo que carece de sentido.
Tres dimensiones del periodismo computacional. Intersecciones con las ciencias de la documentación (2016)

Systematic presentation of three dimensions of computational journalism characterized by their intersections with information science: Content curation, SEO applied to communication, and information seeking and verification. Intersections between various disciplines are discussed.
A 2D-to-3D chip and its application to TV systems (2011)

In this paper, we design a real-time 2D to 3D conversion chip. Architecture of this chip includes three key modules: 2D to 3D conversion core, 3D format conversion and peripheral I/O circuit. Specially, calculation precision and smooth filter are carefully designed and implemented according to the features of chip, such that the quality of output 3D video is largely improved. The experiment results on the prototypes show that our chip can give promising conversion results and has a broad application foreground.
The Search for Innovative Fragrant Molecules (2008)

An overview of the recent research subjects in the perfumery field and, more precisely the synthesis of novel compounds for the hesperidic family of odorants, is presented. The new derivatives possess very different structures; nevertheless, they all share an aldehydic odor, but with diverse nuances, which make them all attractive for different purposes.
Distributions of Hardness and Strain during Compression in Pure Aluminum Processed with Equal-Channel Angular Pressing and Subsequent Annealing (2008)

Single compression tests were conducted for two types of pure Al (99.99%): one processed using equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) through route Bc for 8 passes and the other with the same ECAP but successively annealed at 573 K for 1 h. The distributions of the equivalent strain introduced by the compression were quantitatively examined by finite element analysis (FEA). Comparison was made between the ECAP samples and the ECAP-annealed samples with regard to the inhomogeneity and magnitude of the strain developed during the compression. Hardness variations with the equivalent strain were also compared with those obtained by earlier studies using ECAP and high-pressure torsion. Moreover, the hardness variation throughout the cross section after compression was well predicted using the FEA for both ECAP sample and ECAP-annealed sample. It is shown that the change in the strain path from ECAP to compression affects the hardness variation with respect to the equivalent strain.
Differential Effects of Carvedilol on Norepinephrine Release in Normoxic and Ischemic Heart (2000)

Carvedilol is a β-adrenoceptor antagonist with multiple actions, which may contribute to superior cardioprotection in heart failure and myocardial infarction. We hypothesized that carvedilol may modulate presynaptic norepinephrine release in the heart. Therefore, we compared the effects of carvedilol (racemate and both enantiomers) and β1-selective as well as nonselective β-adrenoceptor blockers on norepinephrine release in isolated perfused rat hearts under normoxic and brief ischemic conditions. Exocytotic release of endogenous norepinephrine was induced by paired electric field stimulations to compare the release before (S1) and after (S2) β-adrenoceptor blocker application. Metoprolol, bisoprolol, and pindolol (0.1-10 μM) had essentially no effect on exocytotic norepinephrine release under normoxic and ischemic conditions. In contrast, carvedilol exerted a biphasic concentration-response curve (increase followed by suppression) on norepinephrine release. The increase in norepinephrine release was more pronounced with R-carvedilol than with S-carvedilol, indicating an effect independent from β-receptor antagonism. During ischemia, the facilitatory effect of carvedilol on norepinephrine release was lost, resulting in a concentration-dependent suppression of the release. These results indicate that carvedilol in contrast to classic β1-selective and -nonselective β-adrenoceptor blockers has pronounced effects on cardiac norepinephrine release with a remarkable difference between normoxic and ischemic conditions. Whereas a facilitation of norepinephrine release prevailed in normoxia, we observed a suppression of the release in ischemia. It remains to be established whether this unique action of carvedilol on cardiac sympathetic neurotransmission is of clinical relevance.
CMOS common-mode rejection filter with floating active transformer operation (2014)

We propose an inductorless common-mode rejection filter with a gyrator-C network for common-mode-noise reduction. By adopting a gyrator-C network and ladder structure, high-order and small filter circuits with active transformer operation were fabricated. The filter was designed and fabricated in a Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 0.18 µm CMOS process. This filter exhibited a CMRR of 80 dB, output noise voltage of 103 nV/Hz1/2, third-order input intercept point of 8.8 dBm at 1 MHz operation, and cutoff frequency of under 6 MHz. The total power consumption was 14.8 mW with a 2.5 V supply, and the chip area was 0.7 × 0.4 mm2.
The Impact of Real Geometries on Three-Dimensional Separations in Compressors (2010)

This paper considers the effect of small variations in leading edge geometry, leading edge roughness, leading edge fillet and blade fillet geometry on the three dimensional separations found in compressor blade rows. The detrimental effects of these separations have historically been predicted by correlations based on global flow parameters, such as blade loading, inlet boundary layer skew etc, and thus ignoring small deviations such as those highlighted above. In this paper it is shown that this may not to be the case and that certain, engine representative geometry deviations can have an effect equivalent to an increase in blade loading of 10%. Experiments were performed at the stator hub of a low-speed, single-stage compressor. The results show that any deviation which causes suction surface transition to move to the leading edge over the first 30% of span will cause a large growth in the size of the hub separation, doubling its impact on loss. The geometry deviations that caused this, and are thus of greatest concern to a designer, are changes in leading edge quality and roughness around the leading edge, characteristic of an eroded blade.
Electrochemical and microfabrication strategies for remotely operated heavy metal sensor networks for water analysis : the dual challenges of calibration-less measurement and sample pretreatment. (2014)

Current heavy metal monitoring in water utilizes sophisticated instrumental methods at centralized laboratories. For many applications, a preferable approach is the deployment of remote sensor networks. To this end, electrochemical methods in conjunction with microfabricated sensors potentially offer the required sensitivity and practical advantages including inexpensive sensors, reduced need for manual operation, reduced energy requirements, and also takes advantage of existing technologies such as communications networks for real-time data acquisition. The remote sensor platform developed herein consists of a photo-lithographically patterned gold electrode on SiO2 substrate within a custom stopped-flow thin-layer cell (TLC). Metal concentrations were evaluated by anodic stripping coulometry (ASC), where it was possible to pre-concentrate all dissolved metals from the finite TLC volume in about a minute. Unlike previously reported ASC approaches which rely on either linear sweep voltammetry or chronopotentiometry, the ASC variant described herein utilizes a potential step to simultaneously strip all deposited metals. The use of a double potential step ASC method also allowed in situ blank subtraction without the need for a separate blank solution. To achieve selectivity, several deposition potentials are used to pre-concentrate only those metals which can be reduced at a given potential. This method is demonstrated to be capable of measuring 500 ppb As(III) to better than 10% error even in the presence of high interferent levels (1.3 ppm Cu2+, 500 ppb Cd2+, 500 ppb Pb2+, and 5 ppm Zn2+). Similar performance was possible for As(III) spiked Ohio River water after pH adjustment. For more negatively reduced metals, dissolved oxygen (DO) reduction interferes with stripping analysis. An indirect in-line electrochemical DO removal device (EDOR), utilizing a silver cathode to reduce DO in a fluidically isolated chamber from the sample stream, was therefore developed. This device is capable of 98 % DO removal at flow rates approaching 50 µL/min with power consumption as low as 165 mW hr L-1. Besides our specific stripping application, this device is well suited for Lab on Chip (LOC) applications where miniaturized DO removal and/or regulation are desirable.
Position and force control of robot arms (2003)

A stability analysis for robot manipulators under the influence of external forces is presented. Several control objectives are considered: rejecting the external force as a source of disturbance, complying with the external force as a generalized mass-spring-damper system, and actively controlling the external force when a dynamic model of the environment is available. In each of these cases, a stability analysis using the Lyapunov method is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Noninvasive monitoring of bilirubin photoisomer excretion during phototherapy (2022)

Lumirubin is the most prevalently excreted hydrophilic bilirubin photoisomer in phototherapy for neonatal jaundice caused by excess hydrophobic unconjugated bilirubin (ZZ-bilirubin). We developed a simple method to estimate the amount of lumirubin by monitoring the reverse photoisomerization of lumirubin to ZZ-bilirubin. Although lumirubin formation was long considered irreversible, exposure to blue light in the presence of the fluorescent protein UnaG, which binds specifically and tightly to ZZ-bilirubin, enables the reverse photoisomerization of lumirubin. This reaction was first detected using a fluorescence assay of neonatal urine sampled during phototherapy and purified lumirubin. The phenomenon of reverse photoisomerization of lumirubin was validated using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, which confirmed that lumirubin is reconverted to ZZ-bilirubin in the presence of UnaG. Analyses of 20 urine samples from 17 neonates revealed a significant correlation (correlation coefficient [r] = 0.978; 95% confidence interval 0.867-0.979; P < .001) between lumirubin and ZZ-bilirubin concentration before and after reverse photoisomerization. In general, the rate of photo-reconversion of lumirubin to ZZ-bilirubin is approximately 40%. In conclusion, we demonstrate here that lumirubin can be photo-reconverted to ZZ-bilirubin via exposure to blue light in the presence of UnaG. Utilizing this approach, urinary lumirubin levels can be estimated using an easy-to-perform fluorescence assay.
Metallo Supramolecular Assemblies of Bis-squaraines by Allosteric Ca<sup>2+</sup> Ion Binding (2007)

Alkyl chain tethered bis-squaraines bind to Ca2+ ions through the participation of the negatively charged oxygen of the central cyclobutene moiety to form folded H-type aggregates. The initially formed Ca2+ complex is preorganized to facilitate cooperative allosteric binding of Ca2+, resulting in the formation of extended supramolecular arrays. The electronic absorption, IR, and ESI-MS studies support the formation of metallo supramolecular architectures of the folded H-type dimers of the bis-squaraines.
A non-natural nucleotide uses a specific pocket to selectively inhibit telomerase activity (2019)

Telomerase, a unique reverse transcriptase that specifically extends the ends of linear chromosomes, is up-regulated in the vast majority of cancer cells. Here, we show that an indole nucleotide analog, 5-methylcarboxyl-indolyl-2'-deoxyriboside 5'-triphosphate (5-MeCITP), functions as an inhibitor of telomerase activity. The crystal structure of 5-MeCITP bound to the Tribolium castaneum telomerase reverse transcriptase reveals an atypical interaction, in which the nucleobase is flipped in the active site. In this orientation, the methoxy group of 5-MeCITP extends out of the canonical active site to interact with a telomerase-specific hydrophobic pocket formed by motifs 1 and 2 in the fingers domain and T-motif in the RNA-binding domain of the telomerase reverse transcriptase. In vitro data show that 5-MeCITP inhibits telomerase with a similar potency as the clinically administered nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor azidothymidine (AZT). In addition, cell-based studies show that treatment with the cell-permeable nucleoside counterpart of 5-MeCITP leads to telomere shortening in telomerase-positive cancer cells, while resulting in significantly lower cytotoxic effects in telomerase-negative cell lines when compared with AZT treatment.