gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
U/Th systematics of authigenic carbonates and δ¹⁸O records from Hydrate Ridge, off the coast of Oregon, USA (2003)

Uranium (U) concentrations and activity ratios (d234U) of authigenic carbonates are sensitive recorders of different fluid compositions at submarine seeps of hydrocarbon-rich fluids ("cold seeps") at Hydrate Ridge, off the coast of Oregon, USA. The low U concentrations (mean: 1.3 ± 0.4 µg/g) and high 234U values (165-317 per mil) of gas hydrate carbonates reflect the influence of sedimentary pore water indicating that these carbonates were formed under reducing conditions below or at the seafloor. Their 230Th/234U ages span a time interval from 0.8 to 6.4 ka and cluster around 1.2 and 4.7 ka. In contrast, chemoherm carbonates precipitate from marine bottom water marked by relatively high U concentrations (mean: 5.2 ± 0.8 µg/g) and a mean d234U ratio of 166 ± 3 per mil. Their U isotopes reflect the d234U ratios of the bottom water being enriched in 234U relative to normal seawater. Simple mass balance calculations based on U concentrations and their corresponding d234U ratios reveal a contribution of about 11% of sedimentary pore water to the bottom water. From the U pore water flux and the reconstructed U pore water concentration a mean flow rate of about 147 ± 68 cm/a can be estimated. 230Th/234U ages of chemoherm carbonates range from 7.3 to 267.6 ka. 230Th/234U ages of two chemoherms (Alvin and SE-Knoll chemoherm) correspond to time intervals of low sealevel stands in marine isotope stages (MIS) 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. This observation indicates that fluid flow at cold seep sites sensitively reflects pressure changes of the hydraulic head in the sediments. The d18OPDB ratios of the chemoherm carbonates support the hypothesis of precipitation during glacial times. Deviations of the chemoherm d18O values from the marine d18O record can be interpreted as to reflect temporally and spatially varying bottom water and/or vent fluid temperatures during carbonate precipitation between 2.6 and 8.6°C.
Can Microcomputed Tomography Measure Retrieved Polyethylene Wear? Comparing Fixed-bearing and Rotating-platform Knees (2012)

Micro-CT can determine the volume and location of wear of retrieved tibial liners. Because the magnitude of the manufacturing tolerances was approximately half the magnitude of the total wear on average, accounting for the potential influence of tolerances is important to accurately measure volumetric wear if the unworn (preimplantation) geometry of the insert is unknown. Without accounting for tolerances, this technique may not be applicable for retrievals with a short followup that have low wear. However, application of micro-CT could be of value in determining the exact location of wear in knee simulator studies in which the same insert is measured repeatedly and manufacturing tolerances are not a concern.
Characterization of a dockerin‐based affinity tag: application for purification of a broad variety of target proteins (2010)

Cellulose, a major component of plant matter, is degraded by a cell surface multiprotein complex called the cellulosome produced by several anaerobic bacteria. This complex coordinates the assembly of different glycoside hydrolases, via a high-affinity Ca(2+)-dependent interaction between the enzyme-borne dockerin and the scaffoldin-borne cohesin modules. In this study, we characterized a new protein affinity tag, ΔDoc, a truncated version (48 residues) of the Clostridium thermocellum Cel48S dockerin. The truncated dockerin tag has a binding affinity (K(A)) of 7.7 × 10(8)M(-1), calculated by a competitive enzyme-linked assay system. In order to examine whether the tag can be used for general application in affinity chromatography, it was fused to a range of target proteins, including Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein (GFP), C. thermocellum β-glucosidase, Escherichia coli thioesterase/protease I (TEP1), and the antibody-binding ZZ-domain from Staphylococcus aureus protein A. The results of this study significantly extend initial studies performed using the Geobacillus stearothermophilus xylanase T-6 as a model system. In addition, the enzymatic activity of a C. thermocellum β-glucosidase, purified using this approach, was tested and found to be similar to that of a β-glucosidase preparation (without the ΔDoc tag) purified using the standard His-tag. The truncated dockerin derivative functioned as an effective affinity tag through specific interaction with a cognate cohesin, and highly purified target proteins were obtained in a single step directly from crude cell extracts. The relatively inexpensive beaded cellulose-based affinity column was reusable and maintained high capacity after each cycle. This study demonstrates that deletion into the first Ca(2+)-binding loop of the dockerin module results in an efficient and robust affinity tag that can be generally applied for protein purification.
Fast Hardware Implementation of an Hadamard Transform Using RVC-CAL Dataflow Programming (2010)

Implementing an algorithm to hardware platforms is generally not an easy task. The algorithm, typically described in a high-level specification language, must be translated to a low-level HDL language. The difference between models of computation (sequential versus fine-grained parallel) limits the efficiency of automatic translation. On the other hand, manual implementation is time-consuming, because the designer must take care of low-level details, and write test benches to test the implementation's behavior. This paper presents a global design method going from high level description to implementation. The first step consists in describing an algorithm as a dataflow program with the RVC-CAL language. Next step is the functional verification of this description using a software framework. The final step consists in an automatic generation of an efficient hardware implementation from the dataflow program. The objective was to spend the most part of the conception time in an open source software platform. We used this method to quickly prototype and generate hardware implementation of the Hadamard transform, an algorithm used in many signal processing algorithms, from an RVC-CAL description.
The Design of Offshore Concrete Structures In the Future (1994)

During the last couple of decades a number of offshore concrete structures have been realized, particularly in the North Sea, but also in other locations. These structures support extensive hydrocarbon production activities of considerable economic worth. Four recent and ongoing projects are described in some detail, to highlight the design and construction of such large projects. Design is important for the successful realization of expensive and multidisciplinary offshore projects. This is true for the detail engineering phase as well as the preceding conceptual and pre-engineering phases. The key to successful design of offshore concrete structures in the future lies in the understanding of key elements of the conceptual design, and their mutual dependence.
Benchmark Data and Power Calculations for Evaluating Disease Outbreak Detection Methods (2004)

The benchmark data sets created for this study can be used successfully for formal statistical power evaluations and comparisons. If an anomaly caused by an outbreak is local, purely temporal surveillance methods might be unable to detect it, in which case space-time methods would be necessary for early detection.
Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Oxygen Evolution Reaction based on Surface Autocatalytic Effect of Ultrathin 3C-SiC Nanocrystals (2013)

3C-SiC nanocrystals (NCs) can be used as high-performance electrochemical cathodes for hydrogen production. However, it is difficult to obtain effective oxygen evolution from the materials as photoelectrochemical anodes due to high radiative recombination. Here, we make use of the surface autocatalytic effect (SAE) to design a composite photoelectrochemical anode which consists of ultrathin 3C-SiC NCs and ZnO nanowires deposited on both sides of a brass substrate. The ZnO nanowires serve as the hole providers. The photogenerated holes are derived under applied external bias to the 3C-SiC NCs. Aided by the SAE, enhanced oxygen production is achieved on the 3C-SiC NCs.
Contactless inductive flow tomography (2004)

The three-dimensional velocity field of a propeller-driven liquid metal flow is reconstructed by a contactless inductive flow tomography. The underlying theory is presented within the framework of an integral equation system that governs the magnetic field distribution in a moving electrically conducting fluid. For small magnetic Reynolds numbers this integral equation system can be cast into a linear inverse problem for the determination of the velocity field from externally measured magnetic fields. A robust reconstruction of the large scale velocity field is already achieved by applying the external magnetic field alternately in two orthogonal directions and measuring the corresponding sets of induced magnetic fields. Kelvin's theorem is exploited to regularize the resulting velocity field by using the kinetic energy of the flow as a regularizing functional. The results of this technique are shown to be in satisfactory agreement with ultrasonic measurements.
In Vitro Antibacterial Effects of the Chimeric Peptides from Chicken and Pig Antimicrobial Peptide NK-Lysin (2022)

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play an important role in innate immunity against pathogenic infections. AMPs exterminate pathogenic bacteria by disrupting cell membranes or inhibiting intracellular molecules. NK-2, first identified in pigs and derived from NK-lysin, has antimicrobial effects against bacteria and parasites. In this study, chimeric peptides (cpNK) of chicken and pig NK-2 and cpNK-derived peptides (cpNK-a1 and cpNK-a2) were synthesized, and their antimicrobial effects against various pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) were investigated. The structure of chimeric peptides from chicken and pig NK-2, cpNK, include α-helix like NK-2 and peptide net charge was +9 like porcine NK-2. The cpNK peptide showed powerful bactericidal effects against most bacterial species, including MRSA, especially against gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, cpNK-derived short peptides, cpNK-a1 and a2 also showed bactericidal activity, but the effects were weaker than those of cpNK. Therefore, we conclude that cpNK- and cpNK-derived short peptides have the potential to be used as antibiotic alternatives.
Fast Preparation of Ultrathin FIB Lamellas for MEMs-Based &lt;i&gt;In Situ&lt;/i&gt; TEM Experiments (2016)

The preparation of thin lamellas by focused ion beam (FIB) for MEMS-based in situ TEM experiments is time consuming. Typically, the lamellas are of ~5μm*10μm and have a thickness less than 100nm. Here we demonstrate a fast lamellas’ preparation method using special fast cutting by FIB of samples prepared by conventional TEM sample preparation by argon ion milling or electrochemical polishing methods. This method has been applied successfully on various materials, such as ductile metallic alloy Ti 68 Ta 27 Al 5 , brittle ceramics K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 -6%LiNbO 3 and semiconductor Si. The thickness of the lamellas depends on the original TEM sample.
Adaptive waveform selection for multistatic target tracking (2015)

This paper studies the problem of adaptive waveform selection for target tracking by a multistatic radar system consisting of a dedicated transmitter and multiple receivers. The transmitted waveforms are selected to minimize the tracking mean square error by minimizing a tracking cost function obtained using the Craḿer-Rao lower bound of radar estimates. The superior performance of the proposed adaptive waveform selection algorithm over conventional waveforms is illustrated with simulation examples.
Automatic extraction of analytical large-signal FET models with parameter estimation by function decomposition (2014)

Modern analytic large-signal equivalent circuit models of microwave III-V active devices such as high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) normally require a large effort in two-dimensional (2D) data fitting and extraction of parameter sets for numerical functions. In this paper, an entire automatic extraction procedure is proposed which relies on a decomposition of numerical function data into one-dimensional spurs and a subsequent starting value estimation and optional pre-optimization and final 2D fitting without user interaction. As a first validation, the fitting quality of the automatic procedure is demonstrated for two advanced AlGaN/GaN HEMT technologies with different gate lengths of 0.25 μm und 0.1 μm.
Enhancing photon harvesting in organic solar cells with luminescent concentrators (2007)

The authors report on the application of luminescent concentrators on organic solar cells fabricated zinc-phthalocyanine and C60. These solar cells have their main absorption in the wavelength range between 600 and 800nm. Below 600nm, the low absorption limits the quantum efficiency. Luminescence concentrators are used to overcome this limitation by spectrally shifting blue and green light towards the red and waveguiding it to the solar cell. With a second solar cell harvesting the red light transmitted through the concentrator, the photocurrent density is increased compared to a single solar cell of equal active area from about 8.5 up to 10mA∕cm2.
Correction to: Clinical significance of intratumoral HER2 heterogeneity on trastuzumab efficacy using endoscopic biopsy specimens in patients with advanced HER2 positive gastric cancer (2018)

In the original publication of this article, Table 4 was published incorrectly. The correct Table 4 is given below.
Dynamic Characteristics of Balanced Robotic Manipulators with Joint Flexibility (1992)

SUMMARY The mass balancing of robotic manipulators has been shown to have favorable effects on the dynamic characteristics. In actual practice, however, since conventional manipulators have flexibility at their joints, the improved dynamic properties obtainable for rigid manipulators may be influenced by those joint flexibilities. This paper investigates the effects of the joint flexibility on the dynamic properties and the controlled performance of a balanced robotic manipulator. The natural frequency distribution and damping characteristics were investigated through frequency response analyses. To evaluate the dynamic performance a series of simulation studies of the open loop dynamics were made for various trajectories, operating velocities, and joint stiffnesses. These simulations were also carried out for the balanced manipulator with a PD controller built-in inside motor control loop. The results show that, at low speed, the joint flexibility nearly does not influence the performance of the balanced manipulator, but at high speed it tends to render the balanced manipulator susceptible to vibratory motion and yields large joint deformation error.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Chemical Stability and Cyclability in Li<sub>2</sub>S—P<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5</sub>—P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5 </sub>—ZnO Composite Electrolytes for All‐Solid‐State Rechargeable Lithium Batteries. (2014)

Abstract 75Li 2 S‐ (25‐x)P 2 S 5 ‐xP 2 O 5 (0 ≤ x ≤ 10 mol%) sulfide glasses with high Li + ion conductivity are prepared by planetary ball milling of the constituent compounds (510 rpm, 35 h).
Probabilistic clustering of brain MR images and the combination with clinical prior knowledge (2010)

status: Published
Structure elucidation capabilities on typical pharmaceutical drugs by new nuclear magnetic resonance technology: a 400 MHz high-temperature superconducting power-driven magnet NMR system (2018)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful technique for the structure elucidation of organic molecules and significantly important in the pharmaceutical industry supporting the discovery and development of drug substances or active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Following an initial study and assessment of a prototype NMR instrument with a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) power-driven magnet of 9.4 T (400 MHz for 1H observation) operating with standard commercial electronics and probes, we tested the instrument with three compounds representing typical pharmaceutical drugs. We compared results from two probes and shimstacks with different geometries (broadband fluorine observe (BBFO) with Bruker orthogonal shim system-3 (BOSS3) and Bruker quattro nucleus probe (QNP) with BOSS1 shims) testing standard one-dimensional (1D) NMR experiments including selective excitation experiments, and two-dimensional (2D) homonuclear and heteronuclear experiments for the purposes of evaluating the equipment for structure elucidation capabilities. In our initial study on cinacalcet HCl, only the 1D 1H experiment showed a loss of resolution when using the longer coiled BBFO probe with the BOSS3 shims compared to the shorter coiled QNP probe with BOSS1 shims. The selective excitation experiments using the cinacalcet HCl were successful. Our characterization of 1D (1H, 13C, 19F) and 2D (1H-1H and 1H-13C) NMR experiments for compounds I and II with the two probes and shimstacks indicated no significance differences. Overall, these results are satisfactory with the HTS magnet at the field of 9.4 T for the structural elucidation work of standard pharmaceutical compounds. This new technology has the advantage of being able to locate the HTS NMR magnet system in any chemistry or analytical laboratory where the samples are produced, facilitating rapid analysis with minor needs from the facilities and without cryogenic liquids.
Performance Evaluation of Multi-hop Network Configuration for Wi-SUN FAN Systems (2019)

Wireless Smart Utility Network Field Area Network (Wi-SUN FAN) is one of the Wi-SUN profiles that is expected to be adopted by many smart devices in advanced smart city infrastructures to provide Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication in Low power and Lossy Networks (LLNs). The physical and data link layer of Wi-SUN FAN systems is complied with IEEE 802.15.4-2015 to perform multi-hop data transmission. Currently, the implementation of Wi-SUN FAN devices has been initiated. However, the Wi-SUN FAN devices face a serious problem of very slow network configuration. In this paper, the multi-hop network configuration time of the current Wi-SUN FAN devices is measured by the experiment to analyze the factors that cause the slow configuration. The optimization scheme to accelerate the configuration process is discussed and the instant response configuration scheme that further reduces the configuration time is proposed. In addition, the computer simulation is performed to study the trade-off relationship between the configuration time and the percentage of time used in the configuration process. Finally, the appropriate values of the configuration parameters that can complete the configuration process in each hop within 1 minute while minimally deteriorate the transmission performance in both conventional and proposed configuration schemes are determined.
DNA Methylation May Restrict but Does Not Determine Differential Gene Expression at the Sgy/Tead2 Locus during Mouse Development (2004)

Soggy (Sgy) and Tead2, two closely linked genes with CpG islands, were coordinately expressed in mouse preimplantation embryos and embryonic stem (ES) cells but were differentially expressed in differentiated cells. Analysis of established cell lines revealed that Sgy gene expression could be fully repressed by methylation of the Sgy promoter and that DNA methylation acted synergistically with chromatin deacetylation. Differential gene expression correlated with differential DNA methylation, resulting in sharp transitions from methylated to unmethylated DNA at the open promoter in both normal cells and tissues, as well as in established cell lines. However, neither promoter was methylated in normal cells and tissues even when its transcripts were undetectable. Moreover, the Sgy promoter remained unmethylated as Sgy expression was repressed during ES cell differentiation. Therefore, DNA methylation was not the primary determinant of Sgy/Tead2 expression. Nevertheless, Sgy expression was consistently restricted to basal levels whenever downstream regulatory sequences were methylated, suggesting that DNA methylation restricts but does not regulate differential gene expression during mouse development.
Pandemic Threat Posed by Avian Influenza A Viruses (2001)

Influenza pandemics, defined as global outbreaks of the disease due to viruses with new antigenic subtypes, have exacted high death tolls from human populations. The last two pandemics were caused by hybrid viruses, or reassortants, that harbored a combination of avian and human viral genes. Avian influenza viruses are therefore key contributors to the emergence of human influenza pandemics. In 1997, an H5N1 influenza virus was directly transmitted from birds in live poultry markets in Hong Kong to humans. Eighteen people were infected in this outbreak, six of whom died. This avian virus exhibited high virulence in both avian and mammalian species, causing systemic infection in both chickens and mice. Subsequently, another avian virus with the H9N2 subtype was directly transmitted from birds to humans in Hong Kong. Interestingly, the genes encoding the internal proteins of the H9N2 virus are genetically highly related to those of the H5N1 virus, suggesting a unique property of these gene products. The identification of avian viruses in humans underscores the potential of these and similar strains to produce devastating influenza outbreaks in major population centers. Although highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses had been identified before the 1997 outbreak in Hong Kong, their devastating effects had been confined to poultry. With the Hong Kong outbreak, it became clear that the virulence potential of these viruses extended to humans.
Cardiovascular Involvement in Behçet Disease: Clinical Implications (2015)

Behçet disease (BD) is a multisystem disorder, with vasculitis as its underlying pathological process, in contrast to the classic triad of recurrent oral and genital ulcerations, with uveitis. Vascular involvement in BD includes venous thrombosis, arterial occlusion, and pulmonary artery and aortic aneurysm formation. Cardiac involvement is rare and often obscure. It includes intracardiac thrombi formation, and is associated with a poor prognosis. Our objectives are to describe two cases with BD, complicated with vascular and cardiac involvement, and to raise awareness of these rare complications, the needed routine surveillance, and thus to prevent inappropriate interventions, serious outcomes, and mortality. We present two male patients from the Mediterranean Basin with BD. The first was diagnosed early as a BD patient. The second was diagnosed at the time of cardiovascular (CV) involvement. We recommend that patients who are diagnosed, or even suspected of suffering from BD, especially in endemic areas along the Silk Route pathway, should be followed up routinely for CV involvement, even if rare, obscure, or with a bizarre presentation.
Plasma Sprayed Ceramic Coatings on Glass and Glass Ceramic Substrates (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Abstract Introduction Glass and Glass Ceramic Substrates Thermophysical Properties of Glass and Glass Ceramic Application of Thermal Spray Coating Onglass Ceramic Applied Thermal Spray Powders Coating Deposition and Characterisation Optical Micrographes XRD Spectra Powders / Coating Splat Formation Residual Stress Measurements on Coated Samples Electrophysical Properties of Dielectric Coatings Summary