gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Normal Femoral Anatomy in Pediatric Patients using Statistical Shape Models (2018)

It is still not well defined how the anatomy of the hip in healthy pediatric patients develop. Defining the span of normal anatomical development could help identify patients that deviate from healthy development and enable early diagnosis of certain pathological conditions of the hip. To study the normality range of the 3D morphology of the hip for pediatric patients, a statistical shape model (SSM) can be used. Given a large enough set of hips the SSM can describe all the expected variations within the population. In this MSc project SSMs were created for pediatric patients using CT scans of patients between the ages 7 and 20 years who had no reported hip pathologies. The method for creating the models was developed from an existing pipeline for construction of SSMs of the proximal femur of adult patients. The models created contained the variation of the proximal part of the femur for a healthy population of pediatric patients. The SSMs were used to identify anatomical differences during development by studying separate age and gender groups. When creating the SSMs all femurs were scaled so that the variation in size was not part of the model. Significant differences in the morphological development were found between three age groups with 7 - 10, 12 - 15 and 16 - 17 year old patients. No significant differences were found between female and male patients. The developed methods and results from this thesis may eventually be useful for identifying patients that are developing abnormally and thereby help the surgeon with clinical decision making.
Development and stability of Th17 cells in ovarian cancer requires nitric oxide and endogenous NOS2 activity in cancer-associated CD4+ T cells (2013)

Meeting abstracts Th17 cells play reciprocal roles in different forms and at different stages of cancer. We report that the presence of Th17 cells in ovarian cancer ascites correlates with local expression of nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS2). Furthermore, the development of RORγt+IL-23R+IL-17+ Th17
Pseudolocal modes of guest molecules in mixed molecular crystals: Photon echo experiments and computer simulations (1990)

The temperature-dependent optical dephasing of anthracene, 9-methylanthracene, and 2-methylanthracene monomers in phenanthrene host crystals has been measured using photon echo experiments. Despite large linear electron–acoustic phonon coupling, all three systems dephase because of coupling to pseudolocal modes (local motions of the guest molecule). Computer simulations of the three systems calculate the pseudolocal mode eigenvalues and eigenvectors. In contrast to previous discussions in the literature which describe pseudolocal modes as librations, the predicted eigenvalues are in reasonable agreement with the measured pseudolocal mode energies. The predicted eigenvectors are combinations of translational motion along the long molecular axis and rotational motion about the out-of-plane axis of the guest. Differences in site energies for various locations and orientations of the methyl group are calculated.
Alkali Lithosilicates: Renaissance of a Reputable Substance Class with Surprising Luminescence Properties (2018)

A hitherto unknown synthetic access to alkali lithosilicates, a substance class first described by Hoppe in the 1980s, is reported. With the synthesis and characterization of NaK<sub>7</sub> [Li<sub>3</sub> SiO<sub>4</sub> ]<sub>8</sub> , a new representative has been discovered, expanding the family of known alkali lithosilicates. Astonishingly, NaK<sub>7</sub> [Li<sub>3</sub> SiO<sub>4</sub> ]<sub>8</sub> and the already established alkali lithosilicates Na[Li<sub>3</sub> SiO<sub>4</sub> ] as well as K[Li<sub>3</sub> SiO<sub>4</sub> ] display unforeseen luminescence properties, when doped with Eu<sup>2+</sup> . Na[Li<sub>3</sub> SiO<sub>4</sub> ]:Eu<sup>2+</sup> exhibits an ultra-narrow blue, K[Li<sub>3</sub> SiO<sub>4</sub> ]:Eu<sup>2+</sup> a broadband, and NaK<sub>7</sub> [Li<sub>3</sub> SiO<sub>4</sub> ]<sub>8</sub> :Eu<sup>2+</sup> a yellow-green double emission upon excitation with near-UV to blue light. Consequently, all of the investigated substances of this class of compounds are highly interesting phosphors for application in phosphor converted LEDs.
Change in Surface Property and Structure of Porous Silica Particles by Hydrothermal Treatments. (1998)

Various hydrothermal treatments have been carried out for mesoporous silica particles. The hydrothermal treatments are classified into two categories according to the phase in which reactions progresses. In liquid phase, reactions were initiated by immesrsing silica particles in various solutions, whereas in gas phase, silica particles were exposed to water vapor under high pressure by means of autoclave. By measuring increases in immersional heat and H-bond type silanol density, progress of the rehydration of surface siloxane is quantified in both methods. Particulary in liquid phase, rehydroxylation was significantly promoted by the addition of basic substances and also at high temperature. On the other hand, in gas phase, nitrogen and water adsorptions change geometric structure of silica particles in addition to rehydroxylation. This is because dissolution of silica surface, redeposition of the solute and consequently the rehydration occurred in the process of hydrothermal treatments in gas phase. The dissolution progressed significantly with temperature higher than 160°C
The microRNA expression signature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by RNA sequencing: anti-tumour functions of the <i>microRNA-216</i> cluster (2017)

We analysed the RNA sequence-based microRNA (miRNA) signature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Aberrantly expressed miRNAs were successfully identified in this signature. Using the PDAC signature, we focused on 4 clustered miRNAs, <i>miR-216a-5p</i>, <i>miR-216a-3p</i>, <i>miR-216b-5p</i> and <i>miR-216b-3p</i> on human chromosome 2p16.1. All members of the <i>miR-216</i> cluster were significantly reduced in PDAC specimens. Ectopic expression of these miRNAs suppressed cancer cell aggressiveness, suggesting <i>miR-216</i> cluster as anti-tumour miRNAs in PDAC cells. The impact of <i>miR-216b-3p</i> (passenger strand of pre-<i>miR-216b</i>) on cancer cells is still ambiguous. Forkhead box Q1 (<i>FOXQ1</i>) was directly regulated by <i>miR-216b-3p</i> and overexpression of <i>FOXQ1</i> was confirmed in clinical specimens. High expression of <i>FOXQ1</i> predicted a shorter survival of patients with PDAC by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Loss-of-function assays showed that cancer cell migration and invasion activities were significantly reduced by si<i>FOXQ1</i> transfectants. We investigated pathways downstream from <i>FOXQ1</i> by using genome-wide gene expression analysis. Identification of the <i>miR-216-3p/FOXQ1</i>-mediated network in PDAC should enhance understanding of PDAC aggressiveness at the molecular level.
Supplementary Video 4 from Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 Inhibits Transforming Growth Factor-β–Mediated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells (2023)

Supplementary Video 4 from Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 Inhibits Transforming Growth Factor-β–Mediated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells
The Pinene Path to Taxanes. 4. Approaches to Taxol and Taxol Analogs through Elaboration of Aromatic C-Ring Precursors (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTThe Pinene Path to Taxanes. 4. Approaches to Taxol and Taxol Analogs through Elaboration of Aromatic C-Ring PrecursorsPaul A. Wender, Timothy E. Glass, Nancy E. Krauss, Michel Mühlebach, Bernd Peschke, and David B. RawlinsView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 22, 7662–7663Publication Date (Web):November 1, 1996Publication History Received10 July 1996Published online1 November 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo961289zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo961289zrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views701Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Ethers,Ketones,Oxidation,Redox reactions Get e-Alerts
In‐phantom dosimetry for the reaction as a source for accelerator‐based BNCT (2001)

The use of the 13C(d,n) 14N reaction at Ed=1.5 MeV for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy (AB-BNCT) is investigated. Among the deuteron-induced reactions at low incident energy, the 3C(d,n)14N reaction turns out to be one of the best for AB-BNCT because of beneficial materials properties inherent to carbon and its relatively large neutron production cross section. The deuteron beam was produced by a tandem accelerator at MIT's Laboratory for Accelerator Beam Applications (LABA) and the neutron beam shaping assembly included a heavy water moderator and a lead reflector. The resulting neutron spectrum was dosimetrically evaluated at different depths inside a water-filled brain phantom using the dual ionization chamber technique for fast neutrons and photons and bare and cadmium-covered gold foils for the thermal neutron flux. The RBE doses in tumor and healthy tissue were calculated from experimental data assuming a tumor 10B concentration of 40 ppm and a healthy tissue 10B concentration of 11.4 ppm (corresponding to a reported ratio of 3.5:1). All results were simulated using the code MCNP, a general Monte Carlo radiation transport code capable of simulating electron, photon, and neutron transport. Experimental and simulated results are presented at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10 cm depths along the brain phantom centerline. An advantage depth of 5.6 cm was obtained for a treatment time of 56 min assuming a 4 mA deuteron current and a maximum healthy tissue dose of 12.5 RBE Gy.
Evaluaci�n de competencias profesionalizadoras en los estudios de grado de comunicaci�n audiovisual (2017)

recientes cambios en la formacin universitaria han conllevado un destacable nivel de profesionalizacin de los estudios y una constante adecuacin a las demandas sociales. En este sentido, una de las necesidades para la formacin universitaria en el rea de la comunicacin audiovisual es desarrollar en el alumnado competencias profesionalizadoras que le permitan encontrar nichos de empleo en un mercado altamente competitivo y sometido a cambios continuos. Esta investigacin tiene por objeto crear una rbrica que permita evaluar el aprendizaje profesionalizador en los estudios de grado de Comunicacin Audiovisual (CAV) que se desarrollan en Espaa. Para desarrollarla hemos contado con empleadores y
Coupled Motion of Contact Line on Nanoscale Chemically Heterogeneous Surfaces for Improved Bubble Dynamics in Boiling (2017)

We demonstrate that the contact line (CL) motion on energetically heterogeneous solid surfaces occurs in a coupled fashion as against the traditional staggered stick-slip motion. Introducing chemical inhomogeneities at nanoscale induces a local change in dynamic contact angles which manifests as a smooth and continuous motion of the CL. Nanoscale chemically inhomogeneous surfaces comprising of gold, palladium and nickel were generated on copper substrates to demonstrate the underlying CL dynamics. The spatial variations of chemical constituents were mapped using elemental display scanning electron microscope images. Further, the coupled and stick-slip motion was confirmed for a sliding water droplet on these surfaces, and then used in studying the pool boiling bubble dynamics of a single bubble from nucleation to departure. The coupled motion was seen to increase the CL velocity thereby increasing the contribution from transient conduction heat transfer. Consequently, a ~2X increase in the boiling critical heat flux (CHF) was observed. Enhancing the pool boiling performance by introducing nanoscale surface features is an attractive approach in many applications and this work provides a framework and understanding of the CL motion induced through the chemical inhomogeneity effects.
Systems biology approaches in solid organ transplantation (2020)

An integrative systems biology approach that leverages genomic data from varied technologies, such as DNA sequencing, copy number variation, RNA sequencing, and methylation profiles along with long-term clinical follow-up data has the potential to define a framework that can be mined to provide novel insights for developing therapeutic interventions in organ transplantation.
Mean HBsAg decline at week 24 of PEG‐IFN‐based treatment predicts subsequent rate of HBsAg clearance — suggesting a valuable endpoint for early development HBV trials (2021)

Earlier identification of potentially efficacious treatments in early development trials requires on-treatment response markers. We hypothesized that mean week 12 or 24 HBsAg decline could be a useful marker for subsequent off-treatment sustained HBsAg clearance at the treatment arm level in HBV trials. We used individual patient data from the studies HBV 9901 (peginterferon [PEG-IFN] versus PEG-IFN+lamivudine for HBeAg-positive CHB), PARC (PEG-IFN±ribavirin for HBeAg-negative CHB) and published data from 0149 (PEG-IFN±tenofovir for HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative CHB) and LIRA-B (PEG-IFN for HBeAg-positive CHB) to define the relationship between mean week HBsAg decline and HBsAg loss at 6 months post-treatment. A within-study comparison of HBsAg decline at weeks 12 and 24 between patients with or without HBsAg clearance was used to make projections beyond the observed HBsAg data. Across trials, a more pronounced mean HBsAg decline at week 24 was associated with higher rates of subsequent HBsAg loss. Mean HBsAg decline data at week 24 for patients with or without HBsAg clearance from HBV 9901 (4.3 vs 0.5), PARC (4.8 vs 0.3) and 0149 (PEG-IFN+TDF arm; 4.6 vs 0.6) were used to extrapolate this relationship beyond observed rates of HBsAg. An additional mean 1 log<sub>10</sub> decline at week 24 versus a comparator arm is expected to translate into a 20%-30% increase in subsequent HBsAg loss during off-treatment follow-up. Observations were similar for week 12 data, but the relationship was less strong. Mean week 24 HBsAg decline predicts subsequent HBsAg loss and could be a valuable and useful early endpoint in HBV-treatment trials.
Videoarthroscopy: Review and state of the art (1992)

Since the introduction of videoarthroscopy, there has been rapid technological advancement. The charged couple device (CCD) has become the standard small pickup unit for the present cameras. The video signal processing and transfer has been modified and improved. New Y/C or super VHS and red, green, blue (RGB) systems have been associated with improvements in monitors, video recorders, and video printers. Measurements of video quality such as resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, pixels, and contrast have been confusing to clinicians evaluating these new systems. Equipment compatibility and the weak-link theory is important to understand when selecting new equipment. This review article presents an update for the clinician who wants more information to differentiate among the new video arthroscopic systems.
Conversion Reaction Mechanism of Ultrafine Bimetallic Co‐Fe Selenides Embedded in Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres and Their Excellent K‐Ion Storage Performance (2020)

Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are considered as promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries owing to the abundance and affordability of potassium. However, the development of suitable electrode materials that can stably store large-sized K ions remains a challenge. This study proposes a facile impregnation method for synthesizing ultrafine cobalt-iron bimetallic selenides embedded in hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres (HMCSs) as superior anodes for KIBs. This involves loading metal precursors into HMCS templates using a repeated "drop and drying" process followed by selenization at various temperatures, facilitating not only the preparation of bimetallic selenide/carbon composites but also controlling their structures. HMCSs serve as structural skeletons, conductive templates, and vehicles to restrain the overgrowth of bimetallic selenide particles during thermal treatment. Various analysis strategies are employed to investigate the charge-discharge mechanism of the new bimetallic selenide anodes. This unique-structured composite exhibits a high discharge capacity (485 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> at 0.1 A g<sup>-1</sup> after 200 cycles) and enhanced rate capability (272 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> at 2.0 A g<sup>-1</sup> ) as a promising anode material for KIBs. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of various nanostructures, from hollow to frog egg-like structures, obtained by adjusting the selenization temperature, are compared.
Frequency upconversion in a Pr3+ doped chalcogenide glass containing silver nanoparticles (2008)

We report on orange-to-blue frequency upconversion (UC) in Pr3+ doped chalcogenide glass (Ga10Ge25S65) doped with Ag2S and heat treated under different conditions to nucleate silver nanoparticles (NPs). The experiments were performed using 7ns pulses from a dye laser that operates at ∼590nm, in resonance with the H43→D21 transition of Pr3+ ions. The enhancement observed in the UC emission at ∼494nm, ascribed as P03→H43 transition of the Pr3+ ion, is attributed to the large local field acting on the emitting ions due to the presence of the metallic NPs.
Tunable optical delay schemes using all-optical processing in a highly nonlinear bismuth oxide fiber (2007)

Widely tunable delay schemes are demonstrated using nonlinear phase modulation or four-wave mixing in a 32-cm bismuth oxide fiber followed by group velocity dispersion in a chirped fiber Bragg grating or a dispersion-compensated fiber.
In vitro evaluation of biodegradable magnesium alloys containing micro-alloying additions of strontium, with and without zinc (2015)

The in vitro degradation of magnesium (Mg) alloys containing low levels of strontium (Sr, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 wt%), with and without addition of zinc (Zn, 0.5 and 1.0 wt%), was studied for potential use in orthopaedics for fracture treatment. Alloying Mg with Sr was selected as a promising strategy to utilise the biological effect of Sr in inducing accelerated bone tissue growth. The influence of controlled alloying upon degradation rate was studied via electrochemical measurements and immersion tests in minimum essential medium (MEM). Immersion testing revealed a comparable degradation rate of the alloys tested herein, indicating no detrimental effect of Sr on degradation. Cytotoxicity experiments on primary mouse osteoblasts indicated good biocompatibility and enhanced proliferation of osteoblasts for all the tested Mg alloys. Potentiodynamic polarisation testing further confirmed that addition of low-levels of Sr had a minor influence on cathodic kinetics, with a slight inhibition of anodic kinetics. In contrast, the addition of Zn as a ternary element moderated both anodic and cathodic kinetics of Mg-Sr alloys.
In Vitro Comparison of Doppler and Catheter-Measured Pressure Gradients in 3D Models of Mitral Valve Calcification (2013)

Mitral annular calcification (MAC) involves calcium deposition in the fibrous annulus supporting the mitral valve (MV). When calcification extends onto the leaflets, valve opening can be restricted. The influence of MAC MV geometry on Doppler gradients is unknown. This study describes a novel methodology to rapid-prototype subject-specific MAC MVs. Replicated valves were used to assess the effects of distorted annular-leaflet geometry on Doppler-derived, transmitral gradients in comparison to direct pressure measurements and to determine if transmitral gradients vary according to measurement location. Three-dimensional echocardiography data sets were selected for two MAC MVs and one healthy MV. These MVs were segmented and rapid prototyped in their middiastolic configuration for in vitro testing. The effects of MV geometry, measurement modality, and measurement location on transmitral pressure gradient were assessed by Doppler and catheter at three locations along the MV's intercommissural axis. When comparing dimensions of the rapid-prototyped valves to the subject echocardiography data sets, mean relative errors ranged from 6.2% to 35%. For the evaluated MVs, Doppler pressure gradients exhibited good agreement with catheter-measured gradients at a variety of flow rates, though with slight systematic overestimation in the recreated MAC valves. For all of the tested MVs, measuring the transmitral pressure gradient at differing valve orifice positions had minimal impact on observed gradients. Upon the testing of additional normal and calcific MVs, these data may contribute to an improved clinical understanding of MAC-related mitral stenosis. Moreover, they provide the ability to statistically evaluate between measurement locations, flow rates, and valve geometries for Doppler-derived pressure gradients. Determining these end points will contribute to greater clinical understanding for the diagnosis MAC patients and understanding the use and application of Doppler echocardiography to estimate transmitral pressure gradients.
Temperature-Dependence of All-Solid-State Organic Electrochemical Transistors (2022)

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are appealing platforms for neuromorphic computing and biosensing, as they mimic the brains functionality of interacting electronic and ionic charges. While their rise to date has attracted much attention and revealed excellent application potential, little is known about the underlying physics. This deficiency applies in particular to the pronounced hysteresis found in the transfer curves - a property which, applicable as short- or long-term memory effect, is essential for neuromorphic functionality. Here we report, to the best of our knowledge, on the first temperature-dependent measurements of OECTs, which reveal remarkable insights on multiple device features to allow a glimpse into the thermodynamics of the underlying electrochemical reaction.