gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Denitrification in Constructed Wetlands Used for Treatment of Swine Wastewater (2003)

Constructed wetland treatment of swine wastewater probably involves substantial denitrification. Our objective was to assess denitrification and denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) in such wetlands in relation to plant communities, N loading, carbon or nitrogen limitations, and water depth. Two wetland cells each 3.6 m wide and 33.5 m long were connected in series. One set of cells was planted with rushes and bulrushes, including soft rush (Juncus effusus L.), softstem bulrush [Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla], American bulrush [Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.) Volkart ex Schinz & R. Keller], and woolgrass bulrush [Scirpus cyperinus (L.) Kunth]. Another set was planted with bur-reeds and cattails, including American bur-reed (Sparganium americanum Nutt.), broadleaf cattail (Typha latifolia L.), and narrowleaf cattail (Typha angustifolia L.). The sets will be referred to herein as bulrush and cattail wetlands, respectively. Denitrification and DEA were measured via the acetylene inhibition method in intact soil cores and disturbed soil samples that were taken during four years (1994–1997). Although DEA in the disturbed samples was greater than denitrification in the core samples, the measurements were highly correlated (r2 ≥ 0.82). The DEA was greater in the bulrush wetlands than the cattail wetlands, 0.516 and 0.210 mg N kg−1 soil h−1, respectively; and it increased with the cumulative applied N. The DEA mean was equivalent to 9.55 kg N ha−1 d−1 in the bulrush wetlands. We hypothesized and confirmed that DEA was generally limited by nitrate rather than carbon. Moreover, we determined that one of the most influential factors in DEA was wetland water depth. In bulrush wetlands, the slope and r2 values of the control treatment were −0.013 mg N kg−1 soil h−1 mm−1 depth and r2 = 0.89, respectively. Results of this investigation indicate that DEA can be very significant in constructed wetlands used to treat swine wastewater.
Microbial signatures and continuum in endometrial cancer and benign patients (2022)

<title>Abstract</title> Endometrial cancer is a multifactorial disease with inflammatory, metabolic and potentially microbial cues involved in disease pathogenesis. Here we sampled different regions of the reproductive tract (vagina, cervix, endometrium, fallopian tubes and ovaries) of 61 patients and showed that the upper genital tract of a subset of women with and without endometrial cancer harbour microbiota quantitatively and compositionally distinguishable from background contaminants. A microbial continuum, defined by detection of common bacterial species along the genital tract, was noted in most women without cancer while the continuum was less cohesive in endometrial cancer patients. Vaginal microbiota were poorly correlated with rectal microbiota in the studied cohorts. Endometrial cancer was associated with reduced cervicovaginal and rectal bacterial load together with depletion of <italic>Lactobacillus</italic> species relative abundance, including <italic>L. crispatus</italic>, increased bacterial diversity and enrichment of <italic>Porphyromonas</italic>, <italic>Prevotella, Peptoniphilus</italic> and <italic>Anaerococcus</italic> in the lower genital tract and endometrium. Treatment of benign and malignant endometrial organoids with <italic>L. crispatus</italic> conditioned media had minimal impact on cytokine and chemokine profiles. Our findings provide evidence that the upper female reproductive tract of some women contains detectable levels of bacteria, the composition of which is associated with endometrial cancer. Whether this is a cause or consequence of cancer pathophysiology remains to be elucidated.
Vitamin D<sub>3</sub> Fortification, Quantification, and Long-Term Stability in Cheddar and Low-Fat Cheeses (2008)

Considering the widespread insufficiency of vitamin D, the fortification of additional foods with vitamin D is warranted. The objective of this research was to assess the feasibility of vitamin D3 fortification in natural hard cheeses. We examined the recovery, distribution, long-term retention, and heat stability of the vitamin in industrially made fortified Cheddar and low-fat cheeses. The results indicated that the vitamin D3 did not degrade during processing, over 1 year of ripening (3-8 degrees C), or after thermal treatment at 232 degrees C for 5 min. Vitamin D3 recovery in the fortified Cheddar and low-fat cheeses were, respectively, 91 and 55% of the vitamin D3 added to the milk used to make each cheese. The remaining vitamin D3 was entrained in the whey. The vitamin D3 was uniformly distributed throughout the blocks of cheese. The fortification process did not alter the yield, chemical composition, or flavor of the Cheddar cheese. We conclude that industrially manufactured Cheddar and low-fat cheeses are suitable for vitamin D3 fortification.
Phase-matching-free Two-color Terahertz Emission from Quasi-2D media (2021)

We provide the first demonstration of two-color optical rectification from semiconductors in an extreme absorption regime. The THz generation is free from phase-matching constraints due to the confinement of the interaction within a 25-atomic-layer region.
Effects of Low-pressure Annealing on the Performance of 3D Printed CF/PEEK Composites (2023)

The interlayer bonding properties are normally unsatisfying for 3D printed composites owing to the layer-by-layer formation process. In this study, low-pressure annealing was performed on 3D printed carbon fiber reinforced polyether ether ketone (CF/PEEK) to improve the interlayer bonding strength. The effects of annealing parameters on the mechanical properties and microstructure were studied. The results showed that the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of CF/PEEK improved by up to 55.4% after annealing. SEM and μ-CT were also applied to reveal the reinforcing mechanism. This improvement could mainly be attributed to the increased crystallinity of the CF/PEEK after annealing. Additionally, annealing reduced the porosity of the printed CF/PEEK and improved the fiber–resin interface. This resulted in a reduction in the stress concentration areas during loading, thereby enhancing the interlayer bonding strength of CF/PEEK.
Human prosthetic joint infections are associated with myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs): Implications for infection persistence (2017)

Animal models of PJI have revealed a critical role for MDSCs and IL-10 in promoting infection persistence; however, whether this population is prevalent during human PJI and across distinct bacterial pathogens remains unknown. This study has identified that granulocytic-MDSC infiltrates are unique to human PJIs caused by distinct bacteria, which are not associated with aseptic loosening of prosthetic joints. Better defining the immune status of human PJIs could lead to novel immune-mediated approaches to facilitate PJI clearance in combination with conventional antibiotics. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1605-1613, 2018.
A silicon photonics platform with heterogeneous III-V integration (2010)

We will present an overview of the work by Ghent University and imec on a multipurpose photonic platform based on silicon technology with heterogeneous integration of III-V materials.Silicon photonics is widely considered to be the most promising technology to realize a high-performance, low-cost and high-volume photonic platform that can enable complex VLSI photonic functionality.One of the key enablers for silicon photonics is the possibility leverage existing silicon processing technology.Silicon as a material is exceptionally suited for compact passive waveguide circuits, but for light detection, and especially generation, III-V materials are by far superior.Heterogeneous integration of III-V materials on silicon photonic circuits has already been demonstrated in working lasers and efficient photodetectors.We will discuss the recent progress in adhesive III-V-on-silicon bonding technology, with working lasers, microlasers and different types of photodetectors, and how these devices can be used for different purposes.III-V integration can only be successful if integrated in a fully functional silicon photonics platform.III-V materials are typically not used in a silicon process environment.To accommodate the III-V materials inside a silicon process flow, careful considerations have to be made for contamination and temperature budget.Imec is constructing a full silicon photonics platform which not only integrates passive silicon photonics, but also modulators, germanium photodetectors, thermal tuning, III-V integration and 3-D integration with electronics.
Ionic Polymerisation and New Approaches to Polymerisation under Flow Conditions (2019)

Although ionic polymerisations are a valuable methodology historically they are less widely used because they are considered capricious, requiring significantly more optimisation due to their sensitivity to the specific reaction and processing conditions. Increasingly though flow processing regimes are being successfully implemented to allow better control over reaction parameters and facilitate a more consistent processing environment; this has also shown promising results for challenging reactions such as ionic polymerisation. Furthermore, as flow chemistry is becoming more widely implemented additional and complementary processing tools such as photochemical, supported reagents and enzymatic based plug-in reactors are being evaluated for their ability to expand the range of polymers on offer. Supplementing this era of advanced and accelerated synthesis is an explosion in direct integrated analysis routines and the development of smart self-optimising platforms capable of self-sustained assembly of new polymers. Whilst the machines have been taking over the physical synthesis, chemists have been starting to think beyond simply the isolated stage of polymer synthesis, considering options to create more encompassing work-flows. The next generations of polymer synthesis will encompass all aspects of synthesis, purification and final analysis as a single unified sequence. These new polymer products will ultimately be used for new applications such as light-emitting diodes and in photovoltaics.
Potency of Combinations of Bacillus thuringiensis and Chemical Insecticides on Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (1984)

Journal Article Potency of Combinations of Bacillus thuringiensis and Chemical Insecticides on Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Get access H. S. Salama, H. S. Salama National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. S. Foda, M. S. Foda National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F. N. Zaki, F. N. Zaki National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. Moawad S. Moawad National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 77, Issue 4, 1 August 1984, Pages 885–890, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/77.4.885 Published: 01 August 1984 Article history Received: 21 July 1983 Accepted: 19 March 1984 Published: 01 August 1984
Simulation of motor current waveforms in monitoring aortic valve state during ventricular assist device support (2016)

Monitoring of aortic valve (AV) opening and closure during left ventricular assist device (LVAD) heart pump support is crucial in preventing AV abnormalities and remodeling caused by anomalous resirculation. In this study, simulations of LVAD motor current waveforms were undertaken to investigate AV response to rotary blood pump assistance, as well as to detect AV open and close status under heart failure conditions. A two-dimensional fluid-structure interaction finite-element model is presented to predict AV state during LVAD outflow. The data will be useful in the development of a pump speed controller for optimal management of pump outflow.
Alanine analogues of [<scp>D</scp>‐<scp>T</scp>rp]<scp>CJ</scp>‐15,208: novel opioid activity profiles and prevention of drug‐ and stress‐induced reinstatement of cocaine‐seeking behaviour (2014)

These unusual macrocyclic peptides exhibit in vivo opioid activity profiles different from the parent compound and represent novel compounds for potential development as therapeutics for drug abuse and possibly as analgesics.
Reliability of voluntary step execution behavior under single and dual task conditions (2007)

A voluntary step execution test, performed under single and dual task conditions especially foot-off and foot-contact times, is a reliable outcome measure that may be a useful tool to asses dynamic balance function for diagnostic purposes as well as clinical intervention trials.
ChemInform Abstract: On the Stereoselective Opening of Achiral Dioxane Acetals. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Einführung (2022)

Der von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft geförderte Tübinger Sonderforschungsbereich 1391 Andere Ästhetik hat im Juli 2019 seine Arbeit aufgenommen.Angestoßen wurde sein Forschungsvorhaben durch die zunehmende Konjunktur ästhetischer Fragestellungen in jüngerer Zeit.Intensiv geführte Auseinandersetzungen ‚vor Ort' oder in den Medien über Sinn und Verantwortung, über Recht oder Unrecht von Kunst oder auch über die mehr denn je aktuelle Frage, was unter ‚Kunst' überhaupt zu verstehen sei, verweisen auf ein öffentliches Orientierungsbedürfnis, das auf der Ebene der Kunst Antworten und Wertmaßstäbe sucht, wie disparat die einzelnen Anlässe auch sein mögen.Verbunden mit diesen Debatten ist die Chance einer Neubewertung des Ästhetischen unter dem Gesichtspunkt gesellschaftlicher
Pro‐inflammatory Role of Beta2‐Adrenoceptor Signaling in Human Airway Epithelial Cells in Response to IL‐13 (2013)

We have shown the role of β 2 ‐adrenoceptor (β 2 AR) signaling in inducing mucin content and inflammation in murine model of asthma. Our objective was to study the role of β 2 AR signaling in chemokine production and expression of a major airway mucin coding gene, MUC5AC, in normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBECs) in response to IL‐13. NHBECs were grown at air‐liquid interface (ALI) on transwell filters in the presence of 3μM epinephrine. Chemokine levels in subnatants were measured by multiplex ELISA on day 5 ALI. MUC5AC expression and phospho‐ERK1/2 were assessed by qRT‐PCR and immunoblotting on day 14 ALI. IL‐13 induced the release of eotaxin‐2, CXCL‐1 and MCP‐1 (eosinophil, monocyte, dendritic and memory T‐cell chemoattractants respectively) by 6.8, 3.8 and 6.9 fold respectively. Treatment with βAR antagonist nadolol reduced the levels of these chemokines to baseline. Nadolol and ICI‐118,551 (a β 2 AR selective antagonist) blocked IL‐13 induced MUC5AC expression, while CGP‐20712A (a β 1 AR selective antagonist) did not. U0126 (a MEK‐1/2 inhibitor) and H89 (a PKA inhibitor) reduced IL‐13 induced MUC5AC expression, but only U0126 reduced phospho‐ERK1/2 levels. Our data provides a strong evidence of the pro‐inflammatory role of β 2 AR signaling in mediating IL‐13 effect on human airway epithelium, and that ERK‐1/2 and PKA are components of the required β 2 AR signaling pathways. Supported by NIH 1R01A179236 to RAB
FPGA based controller for large port count optical packet switches (2012)

We present an FPGA based label processor for in-band optical labels with a processing time independent of the number of label bits. This allows for implementing an optical packet switching architecture that scales to a large port count without compromising the latency. As proof-of-concept we have employed an FPGA board with 100 MHz clock to validate the operation of the label processor in a 160 Gb/s optical packet switching system. Experimental results show successful 3 label bits processing and 160 Gb/s packets switching with 1 dB power penalty and 470 ns of latency. Projections on the label processor performance by using more powerful FPGAs indicate that 60 label bits (260 optical addresses) can be processed within 31 ns. The low latency label processing technique can allow the implementation of intelligent systems for optimal routing of the packets in the optical domain.
Instantaneous rate based cooperative MAC protocol for wireless ad hoc networks (2012)

In this work, we propose an instantaneous rate based cooperative medium access control (MAC) protocol (termed as IrcMAC) and compare its performance gain over the existing cooperative MAC protocols under heavy load and fast fading conditions. CoopMAC I protocol, proposed in [5] which selects either direct path or relay path based on rate comparison to enhance average throughput and delay, performs worse under fading conditions due to lower direct path or relay path reliability. UtdMAC protocol, proposed in [8], performs better than CoopMAC I due to improved transmission reliability provided by the back up relay path, however, it uses relay path only as a secondary backup path. Our proposed IrcMAC protocol makes use of channel coherence time and estimates instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio (snr(t)) of source-to-relay, relay-to-destination and source-to-destination links; to reliably select between relay path or direct path for enhanced throughput and delay performances. Simulation results clearly show that IrcMAC significantly outperforms the existing CoopMAC I and the UtdMAC protocols in wireless ad hoc network.
Generalised statistical process control (GSPC) in stress monitoring (2015)

Abstract The early detection of fluctuations in operating conditions and fault detection is done with similar methods. The feature extraction uses statistical analysis based on generalised norms and moments. Intelligent stress indices are calculated from these features by nonlinear scaling. The scaling approach uses the norms and moments to produce indices, which are consistent with the vibration severity criteria. Nonlinear scaling can be used for finding suitable control limits for the features and indices. Harmful high levels of stress are efficiently detected with control limits adjusted to the process requirements. The limits can be explained by fuzzy set systems and categorical information is included through knowledge-based analysis. The statistical process control (SPC) can be extended to nonlinear and non-Gaussian data: the new generalised SPC is suitable for a large set of statistical distributions. It operates without interruptions in short run cases and adapts to the changing process requirements. The approach is tested in two application cases: a rolling mill and an underground load haul dump (LHD) machine.
DAGA: Data Augmentation with a Generation Approach for Low-resource Tagging Tasks (2020)

Data augmentation techniques have been widely used to improve machine learning performance as they enhance the generalization capability of models. In this work, to generate high quality synthetic data for low-resource tagging tasks, we propose a novel augmentation method with language models trained on the linearized labeled sentences. Our method is applicable to both supervised and semi-supervised settings. For the supervised settings, we conduct extensive experiments on named entity recognition (NER), part of speech (POS) tagging and end-to-end target based sentiment analysis (E2E-TBSA) tasks. For the semi-supervised settings, we evaluate our method on the NER task under the conditions of given unlabeled data only and unlabeled data plus a knowledge base. The results show that our method can consistently outperform the baselines, particularly when the given gold training data are less.
Effect of Temperature and Viscoelastic Creep on the Clamp-Up Load in Hybrid Composite/Metal Bolted Joints (2009)

Abstract : Hybrid composite to metal bolted joints are the focus of much research due the inherent advantages that they present. In particular, they are very attractive to designers and engineers alike due to their simplicity and ease of disassembly. However, hybrid connections are particularly susceptible to metal fatigue, stress relaxation primarily due to viscoelastic creep of the composite, thermal effects due to coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch, galvanic corrosion between the dissimilar constituents of the joint and moisture absorption causing differential strain between the metal and composite. The study presented in this report focuses in an investigation of the effects of temperature and primary creep in hybrid metal to composite bolted connections. The study's relevance stems from the desire to apply this technology to naval applications, where watertight integrity must be maintained. It was then decided to examine this type of connection at the subcomponent level. Therefore, EGlass/vinyl ester plates !4 thick were bolted to aluminum and steel plates of the same thickness with instrumented steel bolts to determine the primary stress relaxation response. Special attention was placed on the effects of temperature change on the stress relaxation that hybrid connections are particularly susceptible from. A model was developed with the sole purpose of integrating the existing coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between all the joint parts in the scheme of analysis. Experiments were carried out to obtain the CTE of the composite material used in the hybrid connection tests, and a computer program, GASmooth, was specifically written to correct the thermal effects on the stress relaxation data.
Pairwise error probability of turbo codes over joint fading and two-path shadowing channels (2014)

The performance of Turbo coded Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) over the Joint Fading and Two-path Shadowing (JFTS) environment is analyzed. Exact analytical expression for the Pairwise Error Probability (PEP) of Turbo codes over fully interleaved JFTS channels is presented using the probability distribution of the squared independent and identically distributed JFTS random variables. Finally the Turbo coded Average Bit Error Rate (ABER) of a wireless communication system is simulated over JFTS fading / shadowing channels and compared with the derived analytical result.
Incidental Bartholin Gland Cysts Identified on Pelvic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2012)

II.