gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a Low‐Intensity Intra‐Worksite Intervention on Smoking Cessation in Japanese Employees: A Three‐Year Intervention Trial (2006)

To test the effectiveness of a low-intensity intervention program for smoking cessation targeting the worksite environment in employees who had a low readiness to quit, we conducted an intervention trial at six intervention and six control worksites in Japan. A total of 2,307 smokers at baseline who remained at their worksite throughout the three-year study period were analyzed (1,017 in intervention and 1,290 in control groups). The multi-component program at the worksites consisted of (1) presenting information on the harms of tobacco smoking and the benefits of cessation by posters, websites, and newsletters; (2) smoking cessation campaigns for smokers; (3) advice on designation of smoking areas; and (4) periodic site-visits of the designated smoking areas by an expert researcher. At baseline, the intervention and control groups each had high prevalence of immotive or precontemplation, that reflected low readiness to quit (71.5% and 73.2%, respectively). The smoking cessation rate, as not having smoked for the preceding six months or longer, assessed at 36 months after the baseline survey by a self-administered questionnaire was significantly higher in the intervention group than the control group (12.1%, vs. 9.4%, p=0.021). The intervention program still had a significant effect on the smoking cessation rate after multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for sex, age, type of occupation, age of starting smoking, quit attempts in the past, number of cigarettes per day, and readiness to quit (odds ratio: 1.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.81, p=0.02). The cost per additional quitter due to the intervention was calculated to be Yen 70,080. These findings indicate that this program is effective and can be implemented in similar workplaces where the prevalence of smoking is high and smokers' readiness to cease smoking is low.
CCR Translation for the Article from Development of Tumor-Reactive T Cells After Nonmyeloablative Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (2023)

CCR Translation for the Article from Development of Tumor-Reactive T Cells After Nonmyeloablative Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Temperature‐sensitive miR‐483 is a conserved regulator of recombinant protein and viral vector production in mammalian cells (2015)

Cell engineering and bioprocess optimizations such as low temperature cultivation represent powerful tools to improve cellular performance and product yields of mammalian production cells. Besides monoclonal antibodies (mABs), novel biotherapeutic formats such as viral vectors will gain increasing importance. Here, we demonstrate that similar to Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, product yields of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) producing HeLa cells can be markedly increased by low temperature cultivation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that critically regulate cell phenotypes. We thus investigated differential miRNA expression in response to mild hypothermia in CHO and HeLa production cells. We discovered miR-483 to be substantially up-regulated upon temperature down-shift in both cell types. Functional validation experiments revealed that introduction of miR-483 mimics led to a significant increase in both rAAV and mAB production in HeLa and CHO cells, respectively. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-483 up-regulation during mild hypothermia significantly decreased product yields, suggesting that miR-483 is a key regulator of cellular productivity in mammalian cells. In addition, miRNA target gene identification indicated that miR-483 might regulate genes directly involved in cellular survival and protein expression. Our results highlight that miR-483 is a valuable tool for product-independent engineering of mammalian production cells.
Novel Combretastatin-2-aminoimidazole Analogues as Potent Tubulin Assembly Inhibitors: Exploration of Unique Pharmacophoric Impact of Bridging Skeleton and Aryl Moiety (2016)

Combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) in phosphate and serine pro-drug forms is under phase II clinical trials. With our interest of discovering CA-4 inspired new chemical entities, a novel series of 4,5-diaryl-2-aminoimidazole analogues of the compound was designed and synthesized by an efficient and diversity feasible route involving atom economical arene C-H bond arylation. Interestingly, four compounds showed potent cell-based antiproliferative activities in nanomolar concentrations. Among the compounds, compound 12 inhibited the proliferation of several types of cancer cells much more efficiently than CA-4. It depolymerized microtubules, induced spindle defects, and stalled mitosis in cells. Compound 12 bound to tubulin and inhibited the polymerization of tubulin in vitro. In addition, podophyllotoxin and CA-4 inhibited the binding of compound 12 to tubulin. The distinctive pharmacophoric features of the bridging motif as well as quinoline nucleus were explored. We noted also a valuable quality of compound 12 as a potential probe in characterizing new CA-4 analogues.
Origin of a folded protein from an intrinsically disordered ancestral peptide (2017)

Contemporary proteins can be traced back to a basic set of a few thousand domain prototypes. The origin of these domain prototypes, however, remains poorly understood. We have proposed that they arose from an ancestral set of peptides, which acted as cofactors of RNA-mediated catalysis and replication. Their ability to fold was an emergent property of peptide-RNA coevolution. The ribosome is the main survivor of this primordial RNA world and offers an excellent model system for retracing the steps that led to the folded proteins of today. We have retraced this emancipation from the RNA scaffold computationally and experimentally, by investigating the plausible ancestor in ribosomal proteins for a cytosolic protein fold, the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR). The repeat units of the fold are helical hairpins. These αα-hairpins in all known TPR-containing proteins can be detected using a single sequence profile, underscoring their homologous origin. More importantly, the αα-hairpin has been discovered to occur in multiple seemingly unrelated protein folds. Through the sequence and structure comparison of the TPR αα-hairpins to all proteins of known structure, we detected several potential homologs in non-repetitive proteins, including one from a ribosomal protein S20 (RPS20). Subsequently, by amplifying an αα-hairpin from a RPS20, which is unstructured in the absence of the cognate ribosomal RNA, we explored whether an intrinsically disordered peptide could form a folded protein through an increase in complexity afforded by repetition. Simple repetition was not sufficient in our case, but the repeat protein was so close to a folded structure that only two point mutations per repeat were necessary to allow it to fold reliably. The mutations needed for this transition did not appear to affect negatively the interaction with the RNA scaffold and were neutral for survival and growth in the parent organism, raising the possibility that they could have been among the variants sampled multiply in the course of evolution. TPRs could thus have plausibly arisen by amplification from an ancestral, RNA-dependent helical hairpin, as proposed by our theory.
Correlation of Delayed Gadolinium-Enhanced MRI of Cartilage (dGEMRIC) Value With Hip Arthroscopy Intraoperative Findings and Midterm Periacetabular Osteotomy Outcomes (2022)

Although dGEMRIC values (sagittal and coronal) were significant predictors of the intraoperative presence of cartilage flaps and overall cartilage integrity, they were not associated with midterm outcomes after PAO.
Changes in Rice with Variable Temperature Parboiling: Thermal and Spectroscopic Assessment (2008)

ABSTRACT Rapid visco analysis (RVA) and differential scannning calorimetry (DSC) provided overall assessments of the effects of variable temperature soaking at 30, 50, 70, and 90°C and steaming at 4, 8, and 12 min. Calculation of the relative parboiling index (RPI) and percent gelatinization provided good metrics for determining the overall effects of partial parboiling. FT‐Raman and solid‐state 13 C CP‐MAS NMR spectroscopies provided insight to conformational changes in protein and starch of paddy rice under various parboiling conditions. RVA showed lower pasting curves and DSC showed lower Δ H with increased temperature and steaming times. A large decrease in viscosity occurred with only the 30‐4 treatment as opposed to raw rice. This observation was consistent with FT‐Raman results that indicated substantial conversion of the protein from α‐helix to other conformations. DSC indicated incomplete gelatinization of starch, even with 90°C soaking and 12 min of steaming. Solid‐state 13 C CP‐MAS NMR spectroscopy confirmed this result. However, it indicated the percent of V h /amorphous plus the remaining crystalline starch in the 90‐12 treatment was equal to the amorphous and partially‐ordered starch in commercially parboiled rice. These results suggest that partial parboiling, 90°C soaking, and more than 8 min of steaming (ideally ≈12 min) of paddy rice is sufficient to induce changes that inactivate enzymes and provide enough starch gelatinization to prevent kernel breakage.
Understanding Radiocarpal Rotation Through In Vivo Pronation and Supination of the Hand: A Single Case Study (2017)

Background: Studies have not clearly defined the motion of the distal radius in relation to the carpus in vivo. We hypothesized that 1) with the hand fixed by grasping a handle to prevent hand and wrist motion, the resulting load in torsion generated by extrinsic muscle in vivo would create motion at the radiocarpal joint; and 2) the motion measured will be between the distal radius and the proximal row of the carpus. Methods: The data was acquired from the senior author external to our institution; in the current study, we quantify the resulting radiocarpal motion. A K-wire was placed into the second metacarpal, and a second wire was placed in the distal radius. The shoulder was abducted to 90° and the hand was pronated, held stationary gripping a fixed object. The forearm was pronated and supinated to simulate radiocarpal rotation. Photographs were obtained at three points: 1) initial position showing the wire in vertical alignment; 2) same perspective in maximum internal radiocarpal rotation; and 3) same perspective in maximum external radiocarpal rotation. ImageJ (open source) was used to quantify the angle between the wires. Results: Superimposition of the three photographs in vivo allowed us to approximate two angle measurements. The measurements with maximal internal and external rotations were 16° and 24°, respectively. Conclusions: Radiocarpal rotation should be considered in addition to flexion and extension motions and radial ulnar deviations when treating degenerative changes in the wrist.
Distribution of high mobility group proteins 1/2,E and 14/17 and linker histones H1 and H5 on transcribed and non-transcribed regions of chicken erythrocyte chromatin (1991)

Quantitative analysis of distribution of chromosomal proteins on single copy DNA sequences has been further developed. Our approach consists of DNA-protein crosslinking within whole cells or isolated nuclei, specific immunoaffinity isolation of crosslinked complexes via protein and identification of crosslinked DNA by hybridisation with single-stranded DNA probes. The present study shows that transcribed chromatin of chicken embryonic erythrocyte beta globin gene is characterized by about 1.5-2.5-fold higher density of HMG 14/17 and 2-fold lower density of H1 and H5 as compared with non-transcribed chromatin of ovalbumin and lysozyme genes, whereas HMG 1/2, E proteins were equally distributed between DNA of both transcribed and non-transcribed genes. The depletion of H1/H5 in beta globin sequences was verified by the 'protein image' hybridisation technique (1). The DNase I hypersensitive site located 5' upstream from beta globin gene is deficient in all the proteins assayed, what implies a drastic disruption in the nucleosomal array. Minor quantitative changes of protein pattern suggest transient local perturbation of the chromatin on transcription.
Mevalocidin: A Fungus Metabolite with Herbicide Activity and Potential for use in Organic Farming (2013)

Organic farming and organic produce have seen exponential growth over the past decade. There are few options available for weed control compatible with these products other than manual labor. Scientists at Mycosynthetix, Inc, in collaboration with colleagues from Dow AgroSciences co-discovered (Gerwick et al, 2013) and subsequently licensed mevalocidin, a novel natural herbicide from two of the fungi in the Mycosynthetix fungus library. Mevalocidin is a broad spectrum systemic herbicide that is currently under development for use in organic farming. Two mevalocidin-producing fungal strains, Fusarium MSX 92917 and Rosellinia MSX 56446, were studied to optimize the production and a variety of traditional and non-traditional media were evaluated. A UPLC-HRMS method was developed for quantitative analysis of mevalocidin, and this has been used in conjunction with simple plant growth bioassays to measure productivity.
Qualitative Evaluation of the Response of Human Osteoblast Cells to Nanotopography Surface Based on Carbon Nanotubes (2006)

A method based on the conventional lithographic technique combined with the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembly process is applied to the construction of freestanding micro- and nano-structured matrixes. The method enables a controlled shaping and a considerable chemical and mechanical stability of the self-assembled monolayers, allowing for high reproducibility in manufacturing. The matrixes are characterized by a controlled geometry, surface topography, and chemical composition. The complete architecture is made up of successive layers of intercrossed carbon nanotubes that self-assemble into orderly structures. In addition, we report preliminary results from studies of cell growth on constructed matrixes. Results demonstrate that osteoblast cells respond to surface nanotopography based on MWNTs with excellent adhesion and spreading.
Wie geavanceerde chips kan maken heeft de wereldmacht in handen (2020)

China maakt zeer geavanceerde technologie, maar niet de microchips waarop die draait. Dus hoe moet dat nu Chinese techbedrijven in de VS op een zwarte lijst staan? De strijd tussen wereldmachten in de technologie.
Dynamic PageRank using Evolving Teleportation (2012)

The importance of nodes in a network constantly fluctuates based on changes in the network structure as well as changes in external interest. We propose an evolving teleportation adaptation of the PageRank method to capture how changes in external interest influence the importance of a node. This framework seamlessly generalizes PageRank because the importance of a node will converge to the PageRank values if the external influence stops changing. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the evolving teleportation on the Wikipedia graph and the Twitter social network. The external interest is given by the number of hourly visitors to each page and the number of monthly tweets for each user.
Quantum computing with quantum dots on quantum linear supports (2001)

Motivated by the recently demonstrated ability to attach quantum dots to polymers at well-defined locations, we propose a condensed-phase analog of the ion-trap quantum computer: a scheme for quantum computation using chemically assembled semiconductor nanocrystals attached to a linear support. The linear support is either a molecular string (e.g., DNA) or a nanoscale rod. The phonon modes of the linear support are used as a quantum-information bus between the dots. Our scheme offers greater flexibility in optimizing material parameters than the ion-trap method, but has additional complications. We discuss the relevant physical parameters, provide a detailed feasibility study, and suggest materials for which quantum computation may be possible with this approach. We find that Si is a potentially promising quantum-dot material, already allowing a 5--10-qubit quantum computer to operate with an error threshold of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}.$
Mice defective in interferon signaling help distinguish between primary and secondary pathological pathways in a mouse model of neuronal forms of Gaucher disease (2020)

Although IFN signaling is the top elevated pathway in nGD, we demonstrate that this pathway is not related to mouse viability and is consequently defined as a secondary pathology pathway. By elimination, we defined a number of critical pathways that are directly related to brain pathology in nGD, which in addition to its usefulness in understanding pathophysiological mechanisms, may also pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic paradigms by targeting such pathways.
Aqueous Swelling of Zwitterionic Poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) Brushes in the Presence of Ionic Surfactants (2018)

Superhydrophilic polyzwitterionic brushes resist fouling, but free ions may screen zwitterion charges and alter brush hydration. This work examines the effect of ionic surfactants on polyzwitterionic brush swelling. In situ ellipsometry shows that the swelling of poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyldimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide] (PMEDSAH) brushes depends on surfactant charge and concentration as well as film thickness. Solutions containing ≥6 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) increase the swollen thicknesses of PMEDSAH brushes 2- to 9- fold with respect to thicknesses in water, and increases in swelling are especially high (6- to 9- fold) for thin films. Surfactant adsorption likely breaks ionic cross-links in brushes to enhance swelling, and immersion of brushes in 500 mM NaCl also leads to extensive swelling. Fitting of in situ ellipsometry data suggests that highly swollen films consist of a relatively dense, collapsed base layer covered by dilute brushes that contain about 98% water. At 10 or 20 mM surfactant concentrations, dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) yields much smaller increases in swelling than SDS, presumably because of the hydrophobicity of DTAB. Fluxes through PMEDSAH-modified microfiltration membranes are higher with 2 mM DTAB than with 6 mM SDS, consistent with the higher swelling of thin PMEDSAH brushes in the SDS solution.
1214 Improvement of the Efficiency of Passive-type Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells using Power Control based on the Time-Splitting Method (2005)

Improvement of the efficiency of passive-type polymer electrolyte fuel cells (passive-type PEFCs) which use hydrogen is one of important subjects for practical use. The authors conceived that it might be possible to improve the efficiency of passive-type PEFCs using the authors' original power control method named Time-Splitting Method (TSM). Using an equivalent circuit model which represents an actual current-voltage curve reasonably well for a passive-type PEFC unit, characteristics of the efficiency of a passive-type PEFC controlled by the TSM have been investigated under various conditions (pulse frequency, external load resistance, duty ratio etc.) and improvement of the efficiency of this PEFC has been confirmed.
Antifeedant activity of red clover root isoflavonoids on Hylastinus obscurus (2017)

In the last decade, there has been increasing interest in investigating the impact of flavonoids on insects, specifically for pest control. In this study, we investigated the impact of isoflavonoids upon the feeding behavior of the clover root borer, Hylastinus obscurus Marsham (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), which is one of the most serious global pests associated with red clover, Trifolium pratense L. Four aglycones isoflavonoids: genistein (1), formononetin (2), daidzein (3) and biochanin A (4) were isolated and identified by HPLC, from roots of two Chilean red clover cultivars. The first two compounds, formononetin (2) and genistein (1), showed high feeding deterrent activity when they were evaluated in artificial diets. This antifeedant effect of isoflavones on feeding behavior of H. obscurus suggests that they are responsible for a decreasedin insect weight gain as compared with the control. This information could be useful respectively, to farmers and researcher to produce and create plants resistant to curculionid.
Langmuir probe measurements of electron energy probability functions in dusty plasmas (2015)

Langmuir probe measurements in dusty plasmas is a challenge because particle and film deposition on the probe leads to contamination and distortion of the current–voltage characteristics. This problem is particularly acute while determining the electron energy probability function (EEPF) from the second derivative of the Langmuir probe current–voltage characteristics. Here, we present reliable EEPF measurements in a capacitively coupled argon–silane dusty plasma using a fast-scanning and shielded Langmuir probe. A solenoid-actuated shield covered the probe and the probe was exposed to the plasma only for short periods of time (less than 6 s) when the current–voltage characteristics were recorded during rapid voltage scans. This approach minimized probe surface contamination. In presence of dust (silicon nanoparticles) the electron density decreased and the electron temperature increased in comparison to a pristine argon plasma. While the population of lower energy electrons decreased in presence of dust, the high energy tail region overlapped throughout the experiment. Langmuir probe measurements were complemented with ion density measurements using a capacitive probe and ex situ examination of particles using electron microscopy.
Noise Limits of CMOS Current Interfaces for Biosensors: A Review (2013)

Current sensing readout is one of the most frequent techniques used in biosensing due to the charge-transfer phenomena occurring at solid-liquid interfaces. The development of novel nanodevices for biosensing determines new challenges for electronic interface design based on current sensing, especially when compact and efficient arrays need to be organized, such as in recent trends of rapid label-free electronic detection of DNA synthesis. This paper will review the basic noise limitations of current sensing interfaces with particular emphasis on integrated CMOS technology. Starting from the basic theory, the paper presents, investigates and compares charge-sensitive amplifier architectures used in both continuous-time and discrete-time approaches, along with their design trade-offs involving noise floor, sensitivity to stray capacitance and bandwidth. The ultimate goal of this review is providing analog designers with helpful design rules and analytical tools. Also, in order to present a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art, the most relevant papers recently appeared in the literature about this topic are discussed and compared.
Buck/boost Dc-Dc converter with simple auxiliary snubber and complete soft switching in whole operating region (2012)

The paper proposes a buck/boost dc-dc converter topology based on a simple auxiliary snubber. The snubber is simple yet effective in reducing the switching losses. In addition to the conventional active switch loss reduction, the snubber can participate in suppression of output diode reverse recovery through synchronous rectifications and it can also be used to provide complete soft switching in the whole operating region through extended conduction of synchronous rectifier. Experimental efficiencies in the range of 98.5 % show that the proposed circuit is highly capable while remaining simple.