gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Search for gravitational radiation from intermediate mass black hole binaries in data from the second LIGO-Virgo joint science run (2014)

This paper reports on an unmodeled, all-sky search for gravitational waves from merging intermediate mass black hole binaries (IMBHB). The search was performed on data from the second joint science run of the LIGO and Virgo detectors (July 2009--October 2010) and was sensitive to IMBHBs with a range up to $\ensuremath{\sim}200\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{Mpc}$, averaged over the possible sky positions and inclinations of the binaries with respect to the line of sight. No significant candidate was found. Upper limits on the coalescence-rate density of nonspinning IMBHBs with total masses between 100 and $450\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{M}}_{\ensuremath{\bigodot}}$ and mass ratios between 0.25 and 1 were placed by combining this analysis with an analogous search performed on data from the first LIGO-Virgo joint science run (November 2005--October 2007). The most stringent limit was set for systems consisting of two $88\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{M}}_{\ensuremath{\bigodot}}$ black holes and is equal to $0.12\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{Mpc}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}\text{ }{\mathrm{Myr}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at the 90% confidence level. This paper also presents the first estimate, for the case of an unmodeled analysis, of the impact on the search range of IMBHB spin configurations: the visible volume for IMBHBs with nonspinning components is roughly doubled for a population of IMBHBs with spins aligned with the binary's orbital angular momentum and uniformly distributed in the dimensionless spin parameter up to 0.8, whereas an analogous population with antialigned spins decreases the visible volume by $\ensuremath{\sim}20%$.
Exploring cyclists’ travel behaviour in different attitudinal market segments: case study of Quelimane, Mozambique (2023)

Distinguishing bicycle market segments is relevant to promote bicycle use, as customised policy strategies can be targeted to each submarket. This paper aims to adopt the attitudinal market segmentation approach to identify potential markets of bicycle commuters and their travel behaviour differences. A survey was conducted among 902 commuters in Quelimane, Mozambique. Factor analysis is used to identify key latent factors. Two-step cluster analysis is used to segment the bicycle commuting market into several submarkets. Then, Mann-Whitney U test is used to compare pairs of segments based on a set of travel behaviour factors such as cycling frequency, travel time and commuting mode. Three segments are obtained: Reluctant cyclists (S1), Livelihood cyclists (S2), and Demanding cyclists (S3). The study reveals that S1 cycle less frequently when compared to S2 and S3. S1 can be motivated to cycle more frequently by promoting educational campaigns to increase their perception towards cycling benefits. S1 and S3 commute long hours when compared to S2, thus, promoting distribution of land-use activities to reduce travel distance could motivate bicycle use. S1 frequently walk commute compared to S2 and S3, therefore policies to increase bicycle use were pointed to making bicycles more accessible to Reluctant cyclists.
Synthesis of Human Milk Oligosaccharides: 2'- and 3'-Fucosyllactose (2011)

The human milk oligosaccharides 2'-fucosyllactose and 3-fucosyllactose were synthesized using a selectively protected 1-O-allyllactosyl acceptor and a 1-O-trichloroacetimidate fucosyl donor.This synthesis utilized fewer toxic reagents and milder reaction conditions as compared to previous syntheses.9 R = H (70%) 10 R = Piv (6%) OPiv
Automated detection of white matter hyperintensities of all sizes in cerebral small vessel disease (2016)

The authors have developed a CAD system with all its ingredients being optimized for a better detection of WMHs of all size, which shows performance close to an independent reader.
Collective Relaxation of Protein Protons at Very Low Magnetic Field:  A New Window on Protein Dynamics and Aggregation (2007)

Since the recent availability of high sensitivity field-cycling relaxometers, it has become possible to measure the protein proton relaxation in millimolar protein solutions as a function of magnetic field. In principle, this provides direct access to the so-called spectral density function of protein protons and, hence, to a full set of dynamic parameters. Understanding the dynamic behavior of biological molecules is increasingly appreciated as crucial to understanding their function. However, theoretical tools to analyze the collective relaxation behavior of protons in solute macromolecules over a wide range of magnetic fields are lacking. A complete relaxation matrix analysis of such behavior is described here. This analysis provides excellent predictions of the experimental proton magnetization decays/recoveries-measured to an unprecedented level of accuracy by a last-generation fast field-cycling relaxometer-of two different globular proteins, hen egg white lysozyme and human serum albumin. The new experimentally validated theoretical model is then used to extract dynamic information on these systems. A "collective" order parameter SC2, different from, but complementary to, that commonly extracted from heteronuclear relaxation measurements at high field, is defined and measured. An accurate estimate of the rotational correlation time is obtained: in the case of lysozyme it agrees very well with theoretical predictions; in the case of serum albumin it provides evidence for aggregation at millimolar concentration.
Study on Fixed Salt Removal Effect by Fine Bubbles (2021)

In recent years, it has become clear that 1 μm or less sized fine air bubbles have different properties from those of mm or cm sized air bubbles. This study examined the effect of fine bubbles on the removal of salt fixed in the gap of aluminum plate as a verification of cleaning action by fine bubbles. As a result, it was confirmed that the removal effect of fixed salt is higher in fine bubble water than in control water, and that the degree of effect depends on the concentration of fine bubbles. It was also confirmed that less than 1 μm sized ultrafine bubble water has a higher removal effect than the control water. As a mechanism of removing fixed salt, it is conceivable that peeling effect, like lifting up part of fixed salt, in which fine bubbles are dissolved by pressure change around the fixed salt to become supersaturated, causing further bubbling around there, and/or physical collision effect of microbubbles. In addition, it was confirmed that the removal effect of a system in which fine bubbles were regularly introduced was much higher than the one that does not introduce fine bubbles regularly. In addition, even when the gap between fixed salt and aluminum plate was narrowed, the superiority of fine bubble cleaning was confirmed.
Stochastic simulations of conditional states of partially observed systems, quantum and classical (2005)

In a partially observed quantum or classical system the information that we cannot access results in our description of the system becoming mixed, even if we have perfect initial knowledge. That is, if the system is quantum the conditional state will be given by a state matrix r(t), and if classical, the conditional state will be given by a probability distribution Pr(x, t), where r is the result of the measurement. Thus to determine the evolution of this conditional state, under continuous-in-time monitoring, requires a numerically expensive calculation. In this paper we demonstrate a numerical technique based on linear measurement theory that allows us to determine the conditional state using only pure states. That is, our technique reduces the problem size by a factor of N , the number of basis states for the system. Furthermore we show that our method can be applied to joint classical and quantum systems such as arise in modeling realistic (finite bandwidth, noisy) measurement.
Global convergence for two-pulse rest-to-rest learning for single-degree-of-freedom systems with stick-slip Coulomb friction (2006)

SUMMARY In this paper, we consider the problem of rest-to-rest maneu-ver learning, via iterative learning control (ILC), for single-degree-of-freedom systems with stick-slip Coulomb friction and input bounds. The static coefficient of friction is allowed to be as large as three times the kinetic coefficient of friction. The input is restricted to be a two-pulse one. The desired input's first pulse magnitude is required to be five times the largest possible kinetic (sliding) friction force. The theory therefore allows the stiction force to be as large as the desired second input pulse. Under these conditions, we prove global convergence of a simple iterative learning controller. To the best of our knowledge, such a global-convergence proof has not been presented previously in the literature for the rest-to-rest problem with stick-slip Coulomb friction.
APRICoT-P: A phase II randomized placebo controlled study of apricoxib, a potent COX-2 inhibitor in combination with erlotinib and gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer patients. (2010)

TPS224 Background: Apricoxib is a once-daily, oral, potent and selective inhibitor of COX-2. The COX-2 pathway plays a key role in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and resistance to therapy. COX-2 and EGFR signaling regulate the dominant ERK/MAPK, AKT and b-catenin pathways in this disease, so combinations of COX-2 and EGFR inhibitors are of particular interest in pancreatic cancer. In addition, b-catenin activity is implicated in gemcitabine resistance, so combination of standard chemotherapy with apricoxib and erlotinib could have synergistic effects. In a previous phase I study in NSCLC the combination of apricoxib and erlotinib was found to be safe and demonstrated a tumor control rate of 60% in recurrent patients. In an ongoing phase II study in NSCLC patients are being selected based on a decrease in PGE-M a urinary marker of COX-2 activity. Because pancreatic cancer overwhelmingly overexpresses COX-2 in tumor cells, patients were not selected on the basis of decreases in PGE-M. However, baseline and post-treatment urine are being collected will be evaluated in an exploratory analysis. Methods: Pts with recurrent, locally advanced, or metastatic pancreatic cancer were treated with erlotinib 100 mg PO daily and apricoxib/placebo 400mg PO daily and gemcitabine on the standard schedule for pancreatic cancer. The primary objective was a 60% improvement in time to progression over the placebo arm. Results: 57 (76%) patients of a planned accrual of 75 patients have been randomized in a 2:1 (active:placebo) fashion. Data are available for 43 patients. Characteristics: Sex: M/F: 13/30; Age range 47-86 yrs.; 12, ECOG PS 0, 23, PS 1, 2, PS 2 and NA, 6. Safety data is available for 40 patients. The most common adverse events included; rash (63%), diarrhea (50%) and nausea (35%). Drug-related serious adverse events included GI bleeding, MI and CVA. Conclusions: This study is the first randomized placebo controlled trial combining chemotherapy with COX-2 inhibition and EGFR kinase inhibition. Safety of this combination is acceptable in this patient population. Time to progression and overall survival data is expected in the 4th quarter of 2010. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Tragara Pharmaceuticals Tragara Pharmaceuticals
Detection of a and b waves in the acceleration photoplethysmogram (2014)

The proposed algorithm presents an advantage for real-time applications by avoiding human intervention in threshold determination.
Eliminating unnecessary routine head CT scanning in neurologically intact mild traumatic brain injury patients: implementation and evaluation of a new protocol (2016)

OBJECTIVE The utility of routine repeat head CT (HCT) scans in the management of minimal head injury (MHI) patients with an intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) has been questioned in multiple studies. All these studies analyzed this by obtaining a repeat HCT study, and none examined the effects of eliminating these routine HCT studies in neurologically intact patients. The authors' institution implemented a new "Neurologic Observation without Repeat HCT" (NORH) protocol with no repeat HCT scanning for patients admitted for MHI and ICH whose neurological status was maintained or improved to a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 15 at 24 hours after admission. This purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes and safety of this novel protocol. METHODS Records of patients who sustained blunt trauma MHI and an ICH and/or skull fracture on initial HCT between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2012, were retrieved from the trauma registry of a Level I trauma center. The authors analyzed 95 patients in whom the NORH protocol was followed. Outcome measures included death, emergency department readmission, neurosurgical intervention, delayed repeat HCT, and length of stay. RESULTS The NORH protocol was followed for 95 patients; 83% of the patients were male, the average age was 38 ± 16.0 years old, and the most common cause of trauma was assault (35%). Of the 95 patients in whom the NORH protocol was followed, 8 (8%) had a delayed repeat HCT study (> 24 hours) after admission, but none resulted in neurosurgical intervention because of progression of ICH. The average length of stay was 4 ± 7.2 days. None of the patients were readmitted to the hospital. CONCLUSIONS Implementation of the NORH protocol (eliminating routine follow-up HCT) resulted in very low rates of delayed neurological deterioration, no late neurosurgical interventions resulting from ICH progression, very few emergency department revisits, and no readmissions. For a select group of MHI patients with ICH, the NORH protocol is safe and effective, and can reduce radiation exposure and costs.
Voltage stability assessment using modal analysis of power systems including flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) (2003)

The rapid development of power electronics technology provides exciting opportunities to develop new power system equipment for better utilization of existing systems. During the last decade, a number of control devices under the term flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) technology have been proposed and implemented. This paper describes a voltage stability comparison study between two FACTS devices on static behavior of a transmission system: a static VAr compensator (SVC) and thyristor switched series capacitor (TSSC). This study has been performed using modal analysis technique. The impact of these devices on voltage stability has been investigated using the 30-bus New-England system.
P4‐065: HIGHLY POTENT SOLUBLE Aβ SEEDS IN HUMAN ALZHEIMER BRAIN BUT NOT CEREBROSPINAL FLUID (2014)

Blood biomarkers have the advantage of being readily available and less expensive and therefore offer the perfect method for enhancing utility of neuroimaging biomarkers. We are working towards developing a diagnostic blood test based on the changes in specific protein profiles that occur during the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The specific aim is to differentiate between healthy controls (HC) and AD individuals, predict conversion to MCI (Mild cognitively impaired) and AD. Validation of these candidate proteins in the well-characterised longitudinal Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) Study of Aging cohort will allow us to identify biomarkers which demonstrate sensitivity and specificity to AD for potential use in an early diagnostic clinical test. To test this hypothesis soluble AD brain extracts were serially diluted. In vivo seeding capacity was assessed by intracerebral inoculations of young APP23 transgenic mice. We then examined the seeding efficacy of human CSF from subjects with and without AD from 50 to 80 years of age. Eight months after inoculation seeded Aβ deposition was evident even when the hippocampus received subattomolar amounts of brain-derived Aβ. In contrast, CSF from AD patients, which contained more than 10-fold higher levels of Aβ than the most concentrated soluble brain extracts, yielded no apparent seeding activity. Similarly, CSF from aged APP transgenic donor mice failed to induce cerebral Aβ deposition. When soluble, brain-derived seeds were mixed with CSF, the seeding potency of the brain seeds was maintained, indicating that the CSF per se does not inhibit seeding. These results suggest that highly potent, seeding-competent soluble Aβ species are present in the AD brain but are absent or very rare in CSF. It is also possible that the seeding-competent Aβ species adhere to structures in brain such as cellular membranes, which prevent their passive transport to the CSF. Finally, it cannot be excluded that the Aβ seeds are rapidly cleared from the CSF or that the β-amyloid-inducing activity is dependent on a co-factor that only occurs in the brain.
Architecture of rod consisting of hyperbranched pendant chains‐coil block copolymers by ATRP approach (2008)

Abstract Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was applied to a novel synthesis of rod consisting of hyperbranched pendant chains‐coil block copolymers. The procedure included the following steps: (1) esterification reaction of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether (PEO) with 2‐bromoisobutyryl bromide (BIBB) yielded a PEO‐Br macroinitiator, (2) ATRP method of 2‐hydroxylethyl methacrylate (HEMA) using PEO‐Br provided PEO‐ block ‐poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) block copolymers, (3) esterification of PEO‐ block ‐PHEMA with BIBB yielded block‐type polyinitiator, and (4) ATRP of HEMA‐Br inimer using block‐type polyinitiator provided coil‐rod (consisting of hyperbranched pendant chains) block copolymers. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Titanium‐Catalyzed Sulfides Oxidation: Novel Ligands Provide Significantly Improved Catalyst Life. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Liver surface reconstruction for image guided surgery (2018)

In image guided surgery, stereo laparoscopes have been introduced to provide a 3D view of the organs during the laparoscopic intervention. This stereo video could possibly be used for other purposes other than simple viewing: such as depth estimation, 3D rendering of the scene and 3D organ modeling. This paper aims at reconstructing 3D liver surface based on stereo vision technique. The estimated surface of the liver can later be used for registration to preoperative 3D model constructed from MRI/CT scans. For this purpose, we resort to a variational disparity estimation technique by minimizing a global energy function over the entire image. More precisely, based on the gray level and gradient constancy assumptions, a data term and a local as well as a nonlocal smoothness terms are defined to build the cost function. The latter is minimized, by using an appropriate optimization technique, to estimate the disparity map. In order to reduce the disparity search range and the influence of noise, the global variational approach is performed on the coarsest level of the multi-resolution pyramidal representation of the stereo images. Then the obtained low-resolution disparity map is up-sampled with a modified joint bilateral filtering method to the original scale. In vivo liver datasets with ground truth is difficult to obtain, so the proposed method is evaluated quantitatively on two cardiac phantom datasets from Hamlyn Center achieving an accuracy of about 2.2 mm for <i>heart1</i> and 2.1 mm for <i>heart2</i>. Reconstructed points up to 97% for <i>heart1</i> and 100% for <i>heart2</i> are obtained. Qualitative validation on in vivo porcine procedure's liver datasets has shown that our proposed method can estimate the untextured surfaces geometry well.
P729The functional relevance of bile acids in the improvement of HDL-mediated endothelial protection after bariatric surgery (2019)

Abstract Introduction Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) reduces cardiovascular mortality. We showed that high density lipoproteins (HDL)-mediated vasoprotection is improved early after RYGB. Circulating BAs increase upon RYGB and contribute to the weight-loss independent metabolic improvements after surgery. Bile acids (BA) are signaling molecules increasingly recognized as regulators of cardiometabolic homeostasis. BAs circulate in the blood either free or bound to albumin and HDL. The signaling role of HDL-bound BAs (HDL-BAs) is unknown. Indeed, HDL may facilitate BA delivery directly to endothelial cells where BA may synergize with HDL to promote vasoprotection. Purpose We studied whether RYGB changes the composition of HDL-BA and whether HDL functional properties may be modulated by specific BA bound to HDL. Methods HDL were isolated by ultracentrifugation from 29 morbidly obese patients before and 1 year after RYGB. The HDL-BA composition was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) and HDL vasoprotective properties were evaluated ex-vivo in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC). The size and abundance of HDL particles were determined by NMR spectroscopy in plasma. Results The increase in total BA concentrations observed in plasma 1 year after RYGB also translated into higher concentrations (up to 25%) of BA bound to HDL. Moreover, obesity-induced HDL dysfunction was reversed after surgery, as shown by improved HDL-mediated endothelial NO production, anti-apoptotic effects and cholesterol efflux capacity. The size function analyses showed a post-operative shift towards larger HDL. After RYGB there was a remodeling of BA bound to HDL, which are either agonists of the endothelial nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR), e.g. chenodeoxy-CA (CDCA), cholic acid (CA) or for the membrane TGR5 receptor, e.g. deoxy-CA (DCA). The composition-function analysis revealed that among all BA subclasses, the specific enrichment in CA and in CDCA bound to HDL correlated with an improved endothelial anti-apoptotic capacity of HDL (R −0.52, p=0.006 for CA-HDL and R −0.35, p=0.07 for CDCA-HDL). Further, the exogenous loading of CA onto healthy native HDL isolated from human serum significantly enhanced their endothelial anti-apoptotic function. In the case of obese, dysfunctional, pro-apoptotic HDL, exogenous CA loading was able to restore HDL anti-apoptotic function. Conclusion Exogenous loading of CA restored HDL anti-apoptotic function of HDL from obese patients mimicking the beneficial remodeling of BA bound to HDL observed after RYGB. These results suggest a crucial interaction between endothelial cells and BA in the improvement of HDL's vasoprotective properties. Acknowledgement/Funding Swiss national Science Foundation Ambizione and PRIMA grant to EO
Correction: Transformations of polyols to organic acids and hydrogen in aqueous alkaline media (2017)

Correction for ‘Transformations of polyols to organic acids and hydrogen in aqueous alkaline media’ by T. van Haasterecht <italic>et al., Catal. Sci. Technol.</italic>, 2014, <bold>4</bold>, 2353–2366.
Simultaneous dibit recovery of DQPSK signal using a single Mach-Zehnder interferometer (2009)

The dibit recovery of a differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK) signal is demonstrated using a single Mach-Zehnder interferometer, containing a 1-bit delay, and a single balanced receiver. The electrical output levels of the balanced receiver are dependent upon the relative phase delay between the arms of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. This characteristic is investigated, when the input signal is DQPSK modulated. It is also shown that with a certain amount of phase shift, the DQPSK signal can be converted into four different equally spaced electrical signal levels, with each decoded level representing one of the four possible dibits.