gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New algorithm for iris recognition based on video sequences (2010)

Among existing biometrics, iris recognition systems are among the most accurate personal biometric identification systems. However, the acquisition of a workable iris image requires strict cooperation of the user; otherwise, the image will be rejected by a verification module because of its poor quality, inducing a high false reject rate (FRR). The FRR may also increase when iris localization fails or when the pupil is too dilated. To improve the existing methods, we propose to use video sequences acquired in real time by a camera. In order to keep the same computational load to identify the iris, we propose a new method to estimate the iris characteristics. First, we propose a new iris texture characterization based on Fourier-Mellin transform, which is less sensitive to pupil dilatations than previous methods. Then, we develop a new iris localization algorithm that is robust to variations of quality (partial occlusions due to eyelids and eyelashes, light reflects, etc.), and finally, we introduce a fast and new criterion of suitable image selection from an iris video sequence for an accurate recognition. The accuracy of each step of the algorithm in the whole proposed recognition process is tested and evaluated using our own iris video database and several public image databases, such as CASIA, UBIRIS, and BATH.
Probing the 3-D Structure, Dynamics, and Stability of Bacterial Collagenase Collagen Binding Domain (apo- versus holo-) by Limited Proteolysis MALDI-TOF MS (2011)

Pairing limited proteolysis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to probe clostridial collagenase collagen binding domain (CBD) reveals the solution dynamics and stability of the protein, as these factors are crucial to CBD effectiveness as a drug-delivery vehicle. MS analysis of proteolytic digests indicates initial cleavage sites, thereby specifying the less stable and highly accessible regions of CBD. Modulation of protein structure and stability upon metal binding is shown through MS analysis of calcium-bound and cobalt-bound CBD proteolytic digests. Previously determined X-ray crystal structures illustrate that calcium binding induces secondary structure transformation in the highly mobile N-terminal arm and increases protein stability. MS-based detection of exposed residues confirms protein flexibility, accentuates N-terminal dynamics, and demonstrates increased global protein stability exported by calcium binding. Additionally, apo- and calcium-bound CBD proteolysis sites correlate well with crystallographic B-factors, accessibility, and enzyme specificity. MS-observed cleavage sites with no clear correlations are explained either by crystal contacts of the X-ray crystal structures or by observed differences between Molecules A and B in the X-ray crystal structures. The study newly reveals the absence of the βA strand and thus the very dynamic N-terminal linker, as corroborated by the solution X-ray scattering results. Cobalt binding has a regional effect on the solution phase stability of CBD, as limited proteolysis data implies the capture of an intermediate-CBD solution structure when cobalt is bound.
Scattering Process of Gas Molecules on Vertically Aligned Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2009)

Scattering process of helium molecules on vertically aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes (VA-SWNTs) was investigated using the molecular beam technique. The samples were grown by alcohol catalytic CVD method and their thicknesses were approximately 0.1 and 4 μm. We found that the modification of quartz surface with VA-SWNT films significantly enhances the energy transfer between gas molecules and the surface at room temperature and makes the energy accommodation coefficient of helium, which tends to be small even for contaminated surfaces because of the large mass mismatch between helium and surface atom, close to unity. The high porosity of the film enables gas molecules to penetrate into the film and suffer multiple collisions with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), leading to the efficient energy transfer. Although the accommodation coefficient slightly decreases for the thinner film, it is still high enough for practical applications. Our results demonstrate a potential application of VA-SWNTs as nanoscale fin structures to enhance heat transfer between gas phase and solid surfaces in rarefied gas flows. As the surface temperature increases, however, the energy accommodation becomes less efficient. This would be attributed to the small adsorption energy, which could reduce the trapping probability of helium on CNT bundles.
Hexaferrite slant and slot MIMO antenna element for mobile devices (2013)

Abstract A hexaferrite slant and slot multiple‐input multiple‐output antenna with miniature antenna elements was simulated, fabricated, and characterized for antenna performance. Measured return loss and isolation were −33.9/−26.6 dB (for antenna 1/antenna 2) and −18.6 dB at 2.45 GHz, respectively. Measured bandwidth was 454/502 MHz at VSWR &lt; 3. Correlation coefficient between antenna elements calculated from experimental S‐parameters was less than 0.00085 between 2.4 and 2.5 GHz. Radiation efficiency of the antennas was measured to be 82% at 2.45 GHz. The antennas have two lobes, omnidirectional, and flower patterns for potential mobile device applications. Simulated and measured antenna performance was found to be in good agreement with each other. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:551–554, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27370
On the effects of spatial resolution on effective distance measurement in digital landscapes (2021)

Abstract Background Connectivity is an important landscape attribute in ecological studies and conservation practices and is often expressed in terms of effective distance. If the cost of movement of an organism over a landscape is effectively represented by a raster surface, effective distances can be equated with the cost-weighted distance of least-cost paths. It is generally recognized that this measure is sensitive to the grid’s cell size, but little is known if it is always sensitive in the same way and to the same degree and if not, what makes it more (or less) sensitive. We conducted computational experiments with both synthetic and real landscape data, in which we generated and analyzed large samples of effective distances measured on cost surfaces of varying cell sizes derived from those data. The particular focus was on the statistical behavior of the ratio—referred to as ‘accuracy indicator’—of the effective distance measured on a lower-resolution cost surface to that measured on a higher-resolution cost surface. Results In the experiment with synthetic cost surfaces, the sample values of the accuracy indicator were generally clustered around 1, but slightly greater with the absence of linear sequences (or barriers) of high-cost or inadmissible cells and smaller with the presence of such sequences. The latter tendency was more dominant, and both tendencies became more pronounced as the difference between the spatial resolutions of the associated cost surfaces increased. When two real satellite images (of different resolutions with fairly large discrepancies) were used as the basis of cost estimation, the variation of the accuracy indicator was found to be substantially large in the vicinity (1500 m) of the source but decreases quickly with an increase in distance from it. Conclusions Effective distances measured on lower-resolution cost surfaces are generally highly correlated with—and useful predictors of—effective distances measured on higher-resolution cost surfaces. This relationship tends to be weakened when linear barriers to dispersal (e.g., roads and rivers) exist, but strengthened when moving away from sources of dispersal and/or when linear barriers (if any) are detected by other presumably more accessible and affordable sources such as vector line data. Thus, if benefits of high-resolution data are not likely to substantially outweigh their costs, the use of lower resolution data is worth considering as a cost-effective alternative in the application of least-cost path modeling to landscape connectivity analysis.
Aerodynamic analysis of a high-loaded multistage axial compressor at design conditions (2020)

<p indent="0mm">Transonic compressors are an important approach for meeting the requirement of high-loaded compressors in state-of-the-art gas turbines. Such compressors increase the average pressure ratio per stage but cause complicated flow structures introduced by shock waves. This study numerically investigates a three-stage transonic axial compressor and evaluates aerodynamic performances and detailed flow structures at the design speed and design point. The numerical results are validated using experimental data, and the effects of some factors, e.g., grid parameters, are discussed. A numerical scheme with high accuracy and limited computation cost is selected for further study; this scheme shows a deviation of less than 1 percent point (1 pp). in efficiency. The contributions of diffusion and loss in each rotor and stator are analyzed and compared in detail, and the performances of the third stage of the compressor are found to be poorer than those of other stages. The third stage shows strong correlations with the appearance of choke and stall at the design speed. A separation bubble induced by shock is found at mid span in the third rotor; this bubble is caused by the appearance of the peak relative Mach number prior to the local shock. The third stator cannot maintain its high performance under variations in mass flow rate at the design speed, and its hub corner stall could explain the instability of the compressor under RANS computations in the steady state.
Lack of myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 L265P mutation in primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma (2015)

Journal Article Lack of myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 L265P mutation in primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma Get access I. Brenner, I. Brenner Institute of Pathology University of Würzburg Josef‐Schneider‐Straße 2 97080 Würzburg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Roth, S. Roth Institute of Pathology University of Würzburg Josef‐Schneider‐Straße 2 97080 Würzburg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Flossbach, L. Flossbach Institute of Pathology University of Würzburg Josef‐Schneider‐Straße 2 97080 Würzburg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Wobser, M. Wobser Department of Dermatology University of Würzburg Josef‐Schneider‐Straße 2 97080 Würzburg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Rosenwald, A. Rosenwald Institute of Pathology University of Würzburg Josef‐Schneider‐Straße 2 97080 Würzburg GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Mainfranken University and University Hospital Würzburg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Geissinger E. Geissinger Institute of Pathology University of Würzburg Josef‐Schneider‐Straße 2 97080 Würzburg GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Mainfranken University and University Hospital Würzburg Germany Correspondence: Eva Geissinger. E‐mail: geissinger@mail.uni-wuerzburg.de https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8966-0747 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 173, Issue 6, 1 December 2015, Pages 1527–1528, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13960 Published: 01 December 2015
Preclinical PET Imaging of NTSR-1-Positive Tumors with <sup>64</sup> Cu- and <sup>68</sup> Ga-DOTA-Neurotensin Analogs and Therapy with an <sup>225</sup> Ac-DOTA-Neurotensin Analog (2020)

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The aim of the study was to perform PET imaging and radiotherapy with a novel neurotensin derivative for neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR-1)-positive tumors in an animal model. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A di-DOTA analog of NT(6-13) with three unnatural amino acids was synthesized and radiolabeled with either <sup>64</sup>Cu or <sup>68</sup>Ga and tested for serum stability and tumor imaging in mice bearing NTSR-1-positive PC3, and HT29 xenografts. A dose-response therapy study was performed with 18.5, 37, and 74 kBq of <sup>225</sup>Ac-di-DOTA-α,ɛ-Lys-NT(6-13). <b><i>Results:</i></b> <sup>68</sup>Ga-di-DOTA-α,ɛ-Lys-NT(6-13) was >99% stable in serum for 48 h, had an IC<sub>50</sub> of 5 nM using <sup>125</sup>I labeled NT(8-13) for binding to HT-29 cells, and high uptake in tumor models expressing NTSR-1. <sup>68</sup>Ga-di-DOTA-α,ɛ-Lys-NT(6-13) had an average %ID/g (<i>n</i> = 4) at 2 h of 4.0 for tumor, 0.5 for blood, 12.0 for kidney, and <1 for other tissues, resulting in a favorable T/B of 8. Mean survivals of tumor-bearing mice treated with 18.5 or 37 kBq of <sup>225</sup>Ac-di-DOTA-α,ɛ-Lys-NT(6-13) were 81 and 93 d, respectively, versus 53 d for controls. Whole-body toxicity was seen for the 74 kBq dose. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Based on the results of the animal model, di-DOTA-α,ɛ-Lys-NT(6-13) is a useful imaging agent for NTSR-1-positive tumors when radiolabeled with <sup>68</sup>Ga, and when radiolabeled with <sup>225</sup>Ac, a potent therapeutic agent.
Ontong Java volcanism initiated long-term climate warming that caused substantial changes in terrestrial vegetation several tens of thousand years before the onset of OAE1a (Early Aptian, Cretaceous) (2010)

During Cretaceous times, several intense volcanic episodes are proposed as trigger for episodic climate warming, for changes in marine circulation patterns and for elevated marine productivity, which resulted in the widespread black shale deposits of the Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAE). In the sediments underlying the early Aptian OAE1a black shales, a prominent negative carbon isotope excursion is recorded. Its origin had long been controversial (e.g. Arthur, 2000; Jahren et al., 2001) before recent studies attributed it to the Ontong Java volcanism (Mehay et al., 2009; Tejada et al., 2009). Volcanic outgassing results in an increased pCO2 and should lead to a rise in global temperatures. We therefore investigated if the volcanically-induced increase in pCO2 at the onset of OAE1a in the early Aptian led to a temperature rise that was sufficient to affect terrestrial vegetation assemblages.
Transaminases and their Applications (2016)

Transaminases are a powerful tool for the synthesis of chiral amines, amino acids, and amino alcohols. In this chapter their properties as pyridoxal-5′-phosphate-dependent enzymes, the reaction mechanism, and the various advantages, such as high enantio- and stereoselectivity, high activity and broad substrate range, are presented. Synthesis of chiral amines and amino acids as building blocks for pharmaceutically relevant substances and fine chemicals with transaminases as biocatalyst is discussed. Enzymatic asymmetric synthesis, kinetic resolution, or dynamic kinetic resolution is discussed using transaminases.
Self-Regenerating Co–Fe Nanoparticles on Perovskite Oxides as a Hydrocarbon Fuel Oxidation Catalyst in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (2018)

Metal nanoparticles exsolved from perovskite oxides have created great interest as anode materials in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) due to their high catalytic activity and regenerative capability. However, the self-regeneration process generally occurs at relatively high temperatures (>800 °C), which might limit their practical application. Here, we present a perovskite anode material, La0.3Sr0.7Cr0.3Fe0.6Co0.1O3−δ, which allows Co–Fe nanoparticles exsolved on the oxide surface at intermediate operation temperatures (700 °C). The phase stability of the perovskite oxide and the reversibility of the exsolved alloy were carefully examined by the phase characterization and the nanoparticle morphology observation during the redox process. The electrochemical performance was evaluated by an electrolyte-supported single cell with hydrogen and propane fuels. The Co–Fe nanocatalysts enhance the maximum power density of the La0.3Sr0.7Cr0.3Fe0.6Co0.1O3−δ–Gd0.2Ce0.8O1.9 (GDC) composite anode more than 75% in comparison to that of the cobalt-free La0.3Sr0.7Cr0.3Fe0.7O3−δ–GDC composite anode with hydrogen. The self-regeneratable anode drives off carbon deposition with hydrocarbon fuels and facilitates catalytic reactivation by the redox cycles without requiring a higher-temperature process. Additionally, the dispersed Co–Fe nanoparticles with a random distribution and slow particle growth rate ensure long-term performance. The single-cell SOFC evaluation demonstrates that La0.3Sr0.7Cr0.3Fe0.6Co0.1O3−δ with Co–Fe nanoparticles exhibits acceptable H2S tolerance, excellent redox reversibility, and stable long-term performance for more than 200 h with H2 and over 800 h with propane at 700 °C.
Application of Micropaticle Systems in Water Circuit Closure Programs (2001)

The consequence of water system closure and reduced water consumption in Paper Mills is increased white-water conductivity associated with increased total dissolved solids. This leads to difficulties man-aging the wet end chemistry of paper machines, mainly due to stearic hindrance effects on wet end chemical additives. This in turn causes poor productivity and Inefficient chemicals usage. The success of a number of projects is reported. The application and development of new multi-component micro-particle systems which can further assist in achieving a significant degree of system closure or Zero Effluent is described.
Automatic detection of the macula in retinal fundus images using seeded mode tracking approach (2012)

The macula is the part of the eye responsible for central high acuity vision. Detection of the macula is an important task in retinal image processing as a landmark for subsequent disease assessment, such as for age-related macula degeneration. In this paper, we have presented an approach to automatically determine the macula centre in retinal fundus images. First contextual information on the image is combined with a statistical model to obtain an approximate macula region of interest localization. Subsequently, we propose the use of a seeded mode tracking technique to locate the macula centre. The proposed approach is tested on a large dataset composed of 482 normal images and 162 glaucoma images from the ORIGA database and an additional 96 AMD images. The results show a ROI detection of 97.5%, and 90.5% correct detection of the macula within 1/3DD from a manual reference, which outperforms other current methods. The results are promising for the use of the proposed approach to locate the macula for the detection of macula diseases from retinal images.
The Chromatin Modifier MSK1/2 Suppresses Endocrine Cell Fates during Mouse Pancreatic Development (2016)

Type I diabetes is caused by loss of insulin-secreting beta cells. To identify novel, pharmacologically-targetable histone-modifying proteins that enhance beta cell production from pancreatic progenitors, we performed a screen for histone modifications induced by signal transduction pathways at key pancreatic genes. The screen led us to investigate the temporal dynamics of ser-28 phosphorylated histone H3 (H3S28ph) and its upstream kinases, MSK1 and MSK2 (MSK1/2). H3S28ph and MSK1/2 were enriched at the key endocrine and acinar promoters in E12.5 multipotent pancreatic progenitors. Pharmacological inhibition of MSK1/2 in embryonic pancreatic explants promoted the specification of endocrine fates, including the beta-cell lineage, while depleting acinar fates. Germline knockout of both Msk isoforms caused enhancement of alpha cells and a reduction in acinar differentiation, while monoallelic loss of Msk1 promoted beta cell mass. Our screen of chromatin state dynamics can be applied to other developmental contexts to reveal new pathways and approaches to modulate cell fates.
Association of Diabetes Mellitus on Cardiac Remodeling, Quality of Life, and Clinical Outcomes in Heart Failure With Reduced and Preserved Ejection Fraction (2019)

Background Diabetes mellitus frequently coexists with heart failure (HF), but few studies have compared the associations between diabetes mellitus and cardiac remodeling, quality of life, and clinical outcomes, according to HF phenotype. Methods and Results We compared echocardiographic parameters, quality of life (assessed by the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire), and outcomes (1-year all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and HF hospitalization) between HF patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus in the prospective ASIAN-HF (Asian Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure) Registry, as well as community-based controls without HF. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association of diabetes mellitus with clinical outcomes. Among 5028 patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF; EF <40%) and 1139 patients with HF and preserved EF (HFpEF; EF ≥50%), the prevalences of type 2 diabetes mellitus were 40.2% and 45.0%, respectively (P=0.003). In both HFrEF and HFpEF cohorts, diabetes mellitus (versus no diabetes mellitus) was associated with smaller indexed left ventricular diastolic volumes and higher mitral E/e' ratio. There was a predominance of eccentric hypertrophy in HFrEF and concentric hypertrophy in HFpEF. Patients with diabetes mellitus had lower Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire scores in both HFpEF and HFrEF, with more prominent differences in HFpEF (P<sub>interaction</sub><0.05). In both HFpEF and HFrEF, patients with diabetes mellitus had more HF rehospitalizations (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.05-1.54; P=0.014) and higher 1-year rates of the composite of all-cause mortality/HF hospitalization (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.05-1.41; P=0.011), with no differences between HF phenotypes (P<sub>interaction</sub>>0.05). Conclusions In HFpEF and HFrEF, type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with smaller left ventricular volumes, higher mitral E/e' ratio, poorer quality of life, and worse outcomes, with several differences noted between HF phenotypes. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01633398.