gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Route Target Constrained Distribution of Routes with no Route Targets (2019)

There are a variety of BGP-enabled services in which the originator of
a BGP route may attach one or more Route Targets to the route. By
means of a procedure known as RT Constrained Distribution (RTC), a
given BGP speaker (call it B) can announce the set of RTs in which
it has interest. The implication is that if a particular route (call
it R) carries any RTs at all, BGP speaker B wants to receive route R
if and only if B has announced interest in one of the RTs carried by
R. However, if route R does not carry any RTs at all, prior
specifications do not make it clear whether B's use of RTC implies
that it does not want to receive route R. This has caused
interoperability problems in the field, as some implementations of RTC
do not allow B to receive R, but some services presuppose that B will
receive R. This document updates RFC 4684 by clarifying the effect of
the RTC mechanism on routes that do not have any RTs.
Traffic Optimization and Congestion Prevention Strategy Based on Hierarchical Temporal Memory of Data Center Optical Network (2020)

A traffic optimization and congestion prevention strategy for data center based on hierarchical temporal memory algorithm is proposed. By the accurate prediction of the mechanism, an efficient automatic traffic optimization of data center is realized.
The Neurobiology of Central Sensitization (2002)

SUMMARYObjectives: This review discusses plasticity of excitatory synaptic transmission in the spinal dorsal horn and the role of this plasticity in contributing to the pathogenesis of pain hypersensitivity.Findings: In the dorsal horn pain transmission is mediated primarily through excitatory glutamatergic synapses. Glutamatergic synapses exhibit multiple forms of short-lasting and long-lasting forms of synaptic plasticity. The form of plasticity contributing to the persistent enhancement of pain transmission known as “central sensitization” is mechanistically similar to long-term potentiation in other regions of the central nervous system. This synaptic potentiation is produced by calcium entry through the N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of glutamate receptor which initiates intracellular signalling cascades that ultimately cause an increase in the number and function of the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionate/kainate subtypes of glutamate receptors.Conclusions: Central sensitization is an expression of synaptic plasticity at glutamatergic synapses in pain transmission neurons in the dorsal horn. The resultant enhancement of synaptic responses increases the gain in pain pathways and contributes in a significant manner to the pain hypersensitivity.
Estimating performance indexes of a baggage handling system using metamodels (2009)

In this study, we develop some deterministic metamodels to quickly and precisely predict the future of a technically complex system. The underlying system is essentially a stochastic, discrete event simulation model of a big baggage handling system. The highly detailed simulation model of this is used for conducting some experiments and logging data which are then used for training artificial neural network metamodels. Demonstrated results show that the developed metamodels are well able to predict different performance measures related to the travel time of bags within this system. In contrast to the simulation models which are computationally expensive and expertise extensive to be developed, run, and maintained, the artificial neural network metamodels could serve as real time decision aiding tools which are considerably fast, precise, simple to use, and reliable.
Antibody modified gold micro array electrode based electrochemical immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of cortisol in saliva and ISF (2010)

Dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate) (DTSP) self-assembled monolayer (SAM) functionalized gold microelectrode array has been used for covalent immobilization of monoclonal cortisol antibody (C-Mab). Binding interactions of cortisol to EA/CMab/DTSP/Au electrode was tested using impedimetric technique. This Bio-electrode was used to estimate the concentration of cortisol in samples of saliva and Interstitial Fluid (ISF). Sensors were exposed to solutions with different cortisol concentration and label-free electrochemical impedance (EIS) technique was used to make cortisol measurements. EIS results (change in charge transfer resistance, Rct) confirmed that EA/C-Mab/DTSP/Au based biosensor can accurately detect cortisol in the range of 1 pM to 1 μM has exhibit detection limit of 1 pM. In-vitro measurement of cortisol levels in saliva and ISF shows good correlation with the values obtained with commercial ELISA experiments.
Elastic coupling power stroke mechanism of the F <sub>1</sub> -ATPase molecular motor (2018)

The angular velocity profile of the 120° F<sub>1</sub>-ATPase power stroke was resolved as a function of temperature from 16.3 to 44.6 °C using a Δμ<sub>ATP</sub> = -31.25 <i>k</i><sub>B</sub><i>T</i> at a time resolution of 10 μs. Angular velocities during the first 60° of the power stroke (phase 1) varied inversely with temperature, resulting in negative activation energies with a parabolic dependence. This is direct evidence that phase 1 rotation derives from elastic energy (spring constant, κ = 50 <i>k</i><sub>B</sub><i>T</i>·rad<sup>-2</sup>). Phase 2 of the power stroke had an enthalpic component indicating that additional energy input occurred to enable the γ-subunit to overcome energy stored by the spring after rotating beyond its 34° equilibrium position. The correlation between the probability distribution of ATP binding to the empty catalytic site and the negative <i>E</i><sub>a</sub> values of the power stroke during phase 1 suggests that this additional energy is derived from the binding of ATP to the empty catalytic site. A second torsion spring (κ = 150 <i>k</i><sub>B</sub><i>T</i>·rad<sup>-2</sup>; equilibrium position, 90°) was also evident that mitigated the enthalpic cost of phase 2 rotation. The maximum Δ<i>G</i><sup>ǂ</sup> was 22.6 <i>k</i><sub>B</sub><i>T</i>, and maximum efficiency was 72%. An elastic coupling mechanism is proposed that uses the coiled-coil domain of the γ-subunit rotor as a torsion spring during phase 1, and then as a crankshaft driven by ATP-binding-dependent conformational changes during phase 2 to drive the power stroke.
Coordination of the Bladder Detrusor and the External Urethral Sphincter in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury: Effect of Injury Severity (2001)

Recovery of urinary tract function after spinal cord injury (SCI) is important in its own right and may also serve as a model for studying mechanisms of functional recovery after injury in the CNS. Normal micturition requires coordinated activation of smooth muscle of the bladder (detrusor) and striated muscle of the external urethral sphincter (EUS) that is controlled by spinal and supraspinal circuitry. We used a clinically relevant rat model of thoracic spinal cord contusion injury to examine the effect of varying the degree of residual supraspinal connections on chronic detrusor-EUS coordination. Urodynamic evaluation at 8 weeks after SCI showed that detrusor contractions of the bladder recovered similarly in groups of rats injured with a 10 gm weight dropped 12.5, 25, or 50 mm onto the spinal cord. In contrast, the degree of coordinated activation of the EUS varied with the severity of initial injury and the degree of preservation of white matter at the injury site. The 12.5 mm SCI resulted in the sparing of 20% of the white matter at the injury site and complete recovery of detrusor-EUS coordination. In more severely injured rats, the chronic recovery of detrusor-EUS coordination was very incomplete and correlated to decreased innervation of lower motoneurons by descending control pathways and their increased levels of mRNA for glutamate receptor subunits NR2A and GluR2. These results show that the extent of recovery of detrusor-EUS coordination depends on injury severity and the degree of residual connections with brainstem control centers.
Incorporation kinetics in mixed anion compound semiconductor alloys (2013)

We present a kinetic model predicting anion incorporation in InAsSb. Included are the effects of As desorption, Sb segregation, and Sb displacement by As, any of which may be limited by the In flux if it is comparatively larger. The model captures experimental data over a range of growth conditions for the InAsSb system using activation energies for desorption and Sb segregation found in literature. The activation energy for Sb displacement found in this work is 1.3 eV. This model is general and should be valid for other mixed anion systems, or, appropriately modified, mixed cation systems and mixed anion/cation systems such as AlInAsSb.
Critical binding energy for exciton dissociation and its implications for the thermodynamic limit of organic photovoltaics (2014)

Spectroscopic signatures of strongly bound excitons (binding energy, E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</sub> ) in various low dielectric constant materials and reduced dimensional systems, such as CNT transistors, Quantum well lasers, etc. are often erased during room temperature, high-field, high-power-density operation of these devices. Similarly, while pump-probe experiments have been used extensively to explore exciton dynamics in organic photovoltaics (OPVs), one wonders if the exciton bottlenecks would persist under continuous broadband illumination of OPV. In this paper, we use a self-consistent thermodynamic model (involving detailed-balance and energy-conservation) to explicitly model the kinetics of exciton dissociation and corresponding energy balance considerations [1,2]. We find that exciton bottleneck may arise under normal PV operation if and only if the exciton binding energy, E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</sub> > <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B(critical)</sub> ≡ (p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">therm</sub> + ΔE)× J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sc</sub> /J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">opt</sub> , where J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sc</sub> and J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">opt</sub> are the short-circuit and maximum power point currents, with the ratio~1; the thermalization per carrier is given by p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">therm</sub> ≈ P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">therm</sub> /(J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SC</sub> ) ≈ ((4+ξ+6/ξ)/(2+ξ)) kT <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> (for an ideal blackbody source), with ξ = E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> /kT <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> . And, ΔE is the type-II band-discontinuity of a bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) cell. We predict that all signatures of exciton-limited performance of OPV would be eased if E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</sub> <; E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B(critical)</sub> , and the operation of an OPV would be indistinguishable from their classical counterparts.
408 Influence of Slipping between Disk and Pad on Dynamic Stiffness of Disk Brake Pad (2011)

Magnitude and pressure dependency of dynamic stiffness of disk brake pad influence squeal frequency, sound pressure level and squeal generation. The past researches clarified that dynamic stiffness is affected by surface textures. The smoother the surface texture of pad is, the larger dynamic stiffness is. However, frictional contact interface between disk and pad has been sticking at past dynamic stiffness measurement. Slipping between disk and pad affect pad texture. In this study, relation between dynamic stiffness and slipping at contact frictional interface is measured. We made apparatus for dynamic stiffness measuring at slipping between disk and pad. At slipping, dynamic stiffness is decreased. As the slip velocity is large, dynamic stiffness is decrease. If pad stiffness assume series coupling of surface stiffness and base material stiffness, decrease of dynamic stiffness can express that surface stiffness decrease at slipping. In designing squeal-less brake pad, slipping between disk and pad should be considered.
Low-Dose imipramine for thioridazineinduced male orgasmic disorder (1996)

Male orgasmic disorder is commonly encountered among patients treated with thioridazine. This side effect interferes significantly with sexual satisfaction. In this pilot study, eight male schizophrenic patients who complained of orgasmic disorder, compatible with probable retrograde ejaculation during thioridazine treatment, were given concomitant low-dose imipramine (25-50 mg at bedtime). Four of the eight reported complete resumption of their previous ejaculatory function, and in one patient there was a partial, but substantial, improvement. Three patients noted no change. It appears that imipramine might be beneficial for some patients with thioridazine-induced male orgasmic disorder.
Elevated lipoprotein(a) as a predictor for coronary events in older men (2022)

Elevated circulating lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is associated with an increased risk of first and recurrent cardiovascular events; however, the effect of baseline Lp(a) levels on long-term outcomes in an elderly population is not well understood. The current single-center prospective study evaluated the association of Lp(a) levels with incident acute coronary syndrome to identify populations at risk of future events. Lp(a) concentration was assessed in 755 individuals (mean age of 71.9 years) within the community and followed for up to 8 years (median time to event, 4.5 years; interquartile range, 2.5-6.5 years). Participants with clinically relevant high levels of Lp(a) (>50 mg/dl) had an increased absolute incidence rate of ASC of 2.00 (95% CI, 1.0041) over 8 years (P = 0.04). Moreover, Kaplan-Meier cumulative event analyses demonstrated the risk of ASC increased when compared with patients with low (<30 mg/dl) and elevated (30-50 mg/dl) levels of Lp(a) over 8 years (Gray's test; P = 0.16). Within analyses adjusted for age and BMI, the hazard ratio was 2.04 (95% CI, 1.0-4.2; P = 0.05) in the high versus low Lp(a) groups. Overall, this study adds support for recent guidelines recommending a one-time measurement of Lp(a) levels in cardiovascular risk assessment to identify subpopulations at risk and underscores the potential utility of this marker even among older individuals at a time when potent Lp(a)-lowering agents are undergoing evaluation for clinical use.
MaRS: A Modular and Robust Sensor-Fusion Framework (2020)

State-of-the-art recursive sensor filtering frameworks allow the fusion of multiple sensors tailored to a specific problem but do not allow a dynamic and efficient introduction of additional sensors during runtime - an important feature to enable long-term missions in dynamic environments. This letter presents a robust, modular sensor-fusion framework that enables the addition and removal of sensors at runtime.These sensors could not be a priori known to the system. The framework handles the complexity of system and sensor initialization, measurement updates, and switching of asynchronous multi-rate sensor information with sensor self-calibration in a truly modular and generic design. In addition, the framework can handle delayed measurements, out-of-sequence updates, and can monitor sensor health. The introduced true-modularity is based on covariance segmentation to allow the isolated (i.e., modular) processing of propagation and updates on a per-sensor basis. We show how crucial properties of the overall state covariance can be maintained as naive implementation of such a modularization would invalidate the covariance matrix. We evaluate our framework for a precision landing scenario switching between combinations of GNSS, barometer, and vision measurements. Tests are performed in simulation and in real-world scenarios to show the validity of the introduced method. The presented framework will be open-sourced and made available online to the community.
Bioelectronic protein nanowire sensors for ammonia detection (2020)

Electronic sensors based on biomaterials can lead to novel green technologies that are low cost, renewable, and eco-friendly. Here we demonstrate bioelectronic ammonia sensors made from protein nanowires harvested from the microorganism Geobacter sulfurreducens. The nanowire sensor responds to a broad range of ammonia concentrations (10 to 106 ppb), which covers the range relevant for industrial, environmental, and biomedical applications. The sensor also demonstrates high selectivity to ammonia compared to moisture and other common gases found in human breath. These results provide a proof-of-concept demonstration for developing protein nanowire based gas sensors for applications in industry, agriculture, environmental monitoring, and healthcare.
Cellular Pharmacology of 9-(β-D-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) Guanine and its Lack of Drug Interactions with Zidovudine in Primary Human Lymphocytes (2007)

Amdoxovir, currently in Phase II clinical trials, is rapidly converted to 9-(beta-D-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)guanine (DXG) by adenosine deaminase in vitro and in humans. The cellular pharmacology of DXG in primary human lymphocytes, including dose-response relationships, intracellular half-life of DXG triphosphate (DXG-TP), and combination studies were determined. DXG produced high levels of DXG-TP with a long half-life (16 h) in activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Since zidovudine (ZDV) and DXG select for different resistance mutations, co-formulation of the these two drugs is an attractive proposition. A combination study between DXG and ZDV showed no reduction of DXG-TP or ZDV-TP. Taken together, these results suggest that an appropriately designed DXG prodrug could be given once a day and that co-formulation with ZDV might be a possibility.
Large range electrically-induced reflection notch tuning in polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals (2015)

This communication reports large magnitude (exceeding 1500 nm) and reversible reflection notch tuning in polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals (PSCLCs) formulated with negative dielectric anisotropy (−Δ<italic>ε</italic>) hosts upon application of a direct current (DC) field.
Field Assembly Splice Technique With Solid Refractive Index Matching Material (2014)

Solid refractive index matching material enables us to splice fiber with air holes as well as conventional single-mode fiber. In this paper, we report our study of the applicability of solid refractive index matching material to a field assembly splice technique. We investigate pressing force and bending loss characteristics as a function of fiber buckling experimentally. We also investigate the impact of the hardness of the solid material on the splice loss characteristics of the field assembly splice technique. Then we derive appropriate splice conditions for both the hardness of the solid material and fiber buckling. Finally, we confirm the validity of the derived splice condition by using a single-mode hole assisted fiber.
Vascular Interstitial Cells in Retinal Arteriolar Annuli Are Altered During Hypertension (2019)

A novel type of VICs has been described in the arteriolar annuli of mouse retina. Remarkably, these cells undergo important molecular modifications during hypertensive retinopathy and might thus be a therapeutic target against this disease.
A Multiple-Input Deep Neural Network Architecture for Solution of One-Dimensional Poisson Equation (2019)

In this letter, we demonstrate that a multiple-input deep neural network architecture can be used for the solution of a one-dimensional (1-D) second-order boundary value problem. We investigate the solution of the 1-D Poisson equation, while using sinc- and cosine-type functions to emulate typically found electromagnetic field distributions. Network architecture, modeling of the derivative, and boundary condition criteria are implemented, and test cases are used for validation. For the considered second-order boundary value problems, we obtain -80 dB error convergence in 8.2 s, showing a successful demonstration of the method. We further investigate the effect of the number of nodes, number of layers, and learning rate on the convergence of the method.
Development of an Optically Pumped Atomic Magnetometer Array for Magnetoencephalography. (2015)

Abstract not provided.
Neurotechnology’s Prospects for Bringing About Meaningful Reductions in Neurological Impairment (2022)

Here we report and comment on the magnitudes of post-stroke impairment reduction currently observed using new neurotechnologies. We argue that neurotechnology's best use case is impairment reduction as this is neither the primary strength nor main goal of conventional rehabilitation, which is better at targeting the activity and participation levels of the ICF. The neurotechnologies discussed here can be divided into those that seek to be adjuncts for enhancing conventional rehabilitation, and those that seek to introduce a novel behavioral intervention altogether. Examples of the former include invasive and non-invasive brain stimulation. Examples of the latter include robotics and some forms of serious gaming. We argue that motor learning and training-related recovery are conceptually and mechanistically distinct. Based on our survey of recent results, we conclude that large reductions in impairment will need to begin with novel forms of high dose and high intensity behavioral intervention that are qualitatively different to conventional rehabilitation. Adjunct forms of neurotechnology, if they are going to be effective, will need to piggyback on these new behavioral interventions.