gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Control System for Polymerase Chain Reaction Using a RIKEN GS384 Thermalcycler (1997)

We have developed a novel high-throughput thermalcycler, the RIKEN GS384, which has a maximum of 1536 wells and whose temperature can be controlled accurately and simultaneously for a very small volume of a reaction mixture. In practice, the reaction is carried out using four 384-well (3.5 mm in diameter) plate formats which can be automatically moved using a robotic arm. To achieve accurate temperature control with high thermo-conductivity, we adopted Teflon-coated aluminum well plates closely sandwiched between silicon sheet-covered lids on top and a graphite sheet below. The lids were kept at a higher temperature (2 to 5 degrees C) than the reaction wells. The temperature of the 1536 sample wells was controlled accurately without temperature variability among the wells or evaporation, even for samples of very small volume (minimum 2 microliters). We also developed a new type of plate format which is similar to the 384-well place in terms of plate size, shape, and material, but which differs in the number (1536) and size (1.6 mm in diameter) of the wells. Since the amplification reactions could be done precisely as well, a total of 6144 reactions can potentially be carried out simultaneously using the GS384 thermalcycler. This is very promising for DNA microfabrication technology. This thermalcycler offers the advantage of high-throughput DNA analysis which should be useful for DNA diagnoses or for the human genome project.
Experimental DNA-Launched Live-Attenuated Vaccines Against Yellow Fever (2019)

Background DNA-launched vaccine is “manufactured” in vaccinated individuals and does not require traditional vaccine manufacturing facility and technology. Goals. Using yellow fever 17D vaccine, we have provided proof-of-concept evidence that these vaccine can be launched from DNA and induce specific immune responses against pathogenic virus causing yellow fever. The infectious DNA vaccine technology is based on the transcription of the full-length genomic RNA of the live-attenuated virus from plasmid DNA in vitro and in vivo. A few ng of infectious DNA encoding the fulllength genomic RNA are required to initiate the replication of the vaccine virus in vitro. The in vivo-generated viral RNA initiates limited replication of the vaccine virus, which in turn leads to efficient immunization. Electroporation in vivo has induced specific immune responses against pathogenic virus and protected mice against fatal disease. Here we describe a novel infectious DNA vaccine technology which combines advantages of naked DNA vaccination and live-attenuated vaccine efficacy. Conclusions If successful in further testing, this technology can dramatically change the way we make vaccines as well as vaccination practice.
Toward the development of a cost-effective e-depression detection system (2012)

Diagnosis and prevention of depressive disorders at any scale have been attracting considerable attention of the public healthcare in Japan because depression is one of the most rapidly pervasive mental disorders in the country. A major issue that hinders the feasibility of depression screening for its prevention is the availability of some simple and cost-effective methods for depression detection and monitoring. Here in this paper, we present the development of a computerized tool for depression detection. The tool utilizes the theory of chaos and systems complexity to extract robust dynamically statistical features of physiological signals provided by the low-cost technology of photoplethysmography. Prototype of a mobile communication network for the proposed automated depression detection is also presented to illustrate a potential e-mental health system for automated screening and detection of depression, which allows convenient self-assessment and remote clinical management.
A Department-of-Anesthesiology-based management protocol for perioperative corneal&amp;nbsp;abrasions (2015)

Minor CAs can be safely and effectively managed using an anesthesiology-based approach. Advanced age and longer surgery are confirmed as risk factors for these injuries.
Abstract 14876: The Association of Baseline Elevation at Various ST Points With Mortality in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Cohorts (2016)

Background: Prior studies suggest that ST elevation at the J-point is associated with elevated risk of death. We sought to examine the prevalence and prognostic importance of elevation at various ST points in a large multi-ethnic population. Methods and Results: After confirming data harmonization, we combined ECG, demographics, and mortality data for 19,578 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC) and the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) population-based cohorts. The average age at baseline was 56.1 ± 8.1 years and 56.2% of the participants were female. Participants were stratified by the presence of ≥1 mm inferior (0.5%), lateral (27.8%), inferior or lateral (29.3%), and inferior and lateral (0.2%) ST elevation (at the J-point, mid-point, 60ms after the J-point, and end-point). We utilized models adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, source cohort, BMI, education, heart rate, hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, smoking status, diabetes, LDL, HDL, and aspirin and/or statin therapy. Inferior ST elevation at any ST point was associated with increased mortality (HR 1.94, 95%CI 1.32 – 2.84). In contrast, lateral elevation at any ST point was associated with decreased mortality (HR 0.88, 95%CI 0.81 – 0.95). ST-end elevation was more common and drove the association of lateral elevation with decreased mortality. The magnitude of association between inferior ST elevation and increased mortality was strongest when elevation occurred at the mid-ST or J-points. Although the prevalence of elevation varied among subgroups, no additive or multiplicative interactions were noted with gender or ethnicity. Conclusions: We found that asymptomatic inferior lead ST elevation is uncommon and is associated with elevated risk of mortality regardless of ethnicity. In contrast, asymptomatic lateral ST elevation at the ST-end point is common and is associated with lower risk of mortality.
Separation of Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase from Influenza Vikus Membrane by Column Displacement Electrophoresis (Isotachophoresis) with Preservation of their Activities (1988)

Triton X-100-solubilized membrane glycoproteins (neuraminidase and hemagglutinin) from purified equine influenza virus particles were separated by column displacement electrophoresis (isotachophoresis) in the presence of Pharmalyte spacers. Electrophoresis was performed in a 1.80 cm glass electrophoresis column with Sephadex G-25 Fine serving as supporting medium. Triton X-100 was present in the system to suppress protein aggregation. Neuraminidase and hemagglutinin activities were preserved and appeared in the electropherogram as separate peaks with some overlapping.
The expression of a Vp1-like gene and seed dormancy in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum. (2000)

Seeds of the common ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum) germinate in distinct sub-populations over a time period of more than 4 weeks following imbibition. Distinguishing early (E)- and late (L)-germinating seeds is the expression of a homologue of the transcriptional activator VP1. The deduced amino acid sequence of ice plant VP1 (MVP1) is 39% identical (50% similar) to the sequence of the Arabidopsis VP1 homologue, ABI3. The amount of Mvp1 mRNA, transcribed from a single gene, is different in E and L seeds after water uptake. The levels of the Mvp1 transcripts are very low in immature and mature seeds and they increased during 6 days of imbibition. This expression profile of Mvp1 is different from known Vp1/ABI3-like genes in other plants. Cycloheximide (at 35 microM) abolishes the increase of Mvp1, and L seeds are turned into E seeds, which develop normally when the inhibitor is applied for a short time during imbibition. E seeds treated for the same time period are developmentally impaired and show no radicle elongation. We suggest that the presence and late disappearance of Mvp1 in L seeds is responsible for dormancy and after-ripening of late-germinating ice plant seeds.
300nm-thick cantilever in PDMS for tactile sensing (2005)

In this paper we propose a tactile sensor consisting of standing 300 nm-thick piezoresistive cantilevers embedded in PDMS. The sensor detects the shear stress applied on its surface. Since the thin cantilever deforms only in one direction, the sensor can detect the one directional deformation of PDMS by monitoring the change of resistance of the cantilever. We applied the force of 0 [N] to 2.0 [N] in the X, Y, and Z directions to the sensor. The sensor showed a good linearity (R/sup 2/ = 0.983) and high sensitivity in X-axis. The sensitivities in the other axes were low enough to separate the X-axial component of applied force.
Progress Towards theDevelopment ofaHighly Functional Anthropomorphic Transhumeral Prosthesis (2007)

Thispaperpresents progresstowardsthe development of a gas-actuated anthropomorphic arm prosthesis with21degrees offreedomandnineindependent actuators. Thesystem isdesigned toutilize themonopropellant hydrogen peroxide asa gasgenerator inordertopowerthe ninepneumatic-type actuators. Thedesign incorporates four actuators toprovide direct-drive actuation oftheelbowjoint andthreewristdegrees-of-freedom, whiletheremaining five actuate anunderactuated 17degree-of-freedom hand.This paperdescribes theprosthesis design, including thedesign of small-scale high-performance servovalves that enable implementation of the monopropellant conceptin a transhumeral prosthesis. Videoframesequences of the prosthesis underclosedloopcontroldemonstrate its functionality inperforming tasks representative ofactivities of daily living. I.INTRODUCTION AMONG themany challenges thatexistin the development ofananthropomorphic armisthatof providing ahighnumberofactuated degrees-of-freedom, eachcapable ofsignificant force and/or power, inahighly confined space. Assuch, acritical component ofanyviable approach toananthropomorphic armistheincorporation of actuators thatdeliver comparable powerdensity, force density, strain capability, andbandwidth tohumanskeletal muscle, andimportantly, mustembody asimilar formfactor. Gas-type actuators provide significantly better gravimetric andvolumetric powerdensity relative toelectromagnetic typeactuators (1), andthusprovide anattractive possibility forthedevelopment ofananthropomorphic prosthesis. In addition totheir high powerdensity, gas-type actuators have several otherproperties whichmakethemparticularly suitable foruseinananthropomorphic prosthesis. Among these, gas-type actuators exhibit alowoutput impedance relative tonon-backdrivable gearheads, whichenhances their ability toperform constrained interaction tasks (2)and decreases their sensitivity toshockloading. Gasactuators do notrequire powerconsumption during isometric contraction, whichisan important characteristic when
On the evolution of the internet economic ecosystem (2013)

The evolution of the Internet has manifested itself in many ways: the traffic characteristics, the interconnection topologies and the business relationships among the autonomous components. It is important to understand why (and how) this evolution came about, and how the interplay of these dynamics may affect future evolution and services. We propose a network aware, macroscopic model that captures the characteristics and interactions of the application and network providers, and show how it leads to a market equilibrium of the ecosystem. By analyzing the driving forces and the dynamics of the market equilibrium, we obtain some fundamental understandings of the cause and effect of the Internet evolution, which explain why some historical and recent evolutions have happened. Furthermore, by projecting the likely future evolutions, our model can help application and network providers to make informed business decisions so as to succeed in this competitive ecosystem.
Basal forebrain atrophy along the Alzheimer's disease continuum in adults with Down syndrome (2023)

BF atrophy is a potentially valuable neuroimaging biomarker of AD-related cholinergic neurodegeneration in DS.
In Situ Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Corrosion of Silver-Gold Alloys (1991)

An in situ scanning tunneling microscope (STM) was used to observe the morphological changes accompanying the selective dissolution of Ag from low-Ag content Ag-Au alloys in dilute perchloric acid. This study was undertaken to explore the role of surface diffusion in alloy corrosion processes. These results are interpreted within the framework of the kink-ledge-terrace model of a crystal surface and a recent model of alloy corrosion based on a variant of percolation theory. The corrosion process leads to roughening of the surface by dissolution of Ag atoms from terrace sites. Annealing or smoothening of the surface occurs by vacancy migration through clusters and the subsequent annihilation of clusters at terrace ledges.
Erosion Resistant Sand Screen: Development and Deployment (2022)

Abstract A design optimized coated sand screen was developed that increases the erosion resistance of conventional sand screens. Computational fluid dynamics and laboratory testing were conducted to determine the design optimizations and a coating was developed through rigorous testing. The screen has now been deployed and adopted with success.
A Smart CMOS Imager with On-Chip High Speed Windowed Controiding Capability (1999)

Low-power, high-speed, accurate computation of centroid from a pre-defined window in the image plane is important for a number of space-based and commercial applications.
Prediction of Fatigue Strength of Spot-Welded Joints Based on Local Material Strength Properties Measured by Small Specimen (2004)

It is well known that fatigue strength of spot weld of high strength steel sheet is not improved, compared with that of low strength steel sheet. In order to predict and improve the fatigue strength of spot weld, it is necessary to clarify the factors which determine fatigue strength. However, the governing factors and the effect of steel grade have been obscure. Therefore, a valid prediction method of fatigue strength of spot weld is desired.In this study, firstly, small specimens with total length of less than 3mm are taken from each region (base metal, HAZ and nugget) in spot weld of low strength steel sheet (mild steel) and high strength steel sheet (590MPa-grade steel). And then, tensile and high cycle fatigue properties are individually evaluated by newly-developed testing technique. Secondly, finite element analyses of spot-welded joints under cyclic loading are carried out and fatigue limit of the joints are predicted by using the above-mentioned local material strength properties. Predicted result of mild steel is higher than that of 590MPa-grade steel, which coincides with experimental results. Furthermore, it is clarified that fatigue strength of HAZ, which is the crack initiation site of joint, is almost equal in both steels and this may be one of the reasons why the fatigue strength of the joint of 590MPa-grade steel does not exceed mild steel.
Formulation of a simple distributed-parameter model of multilayer piezoelectric actuators (2015)

A multilayer piezoelectric actuator is a promising linear vibrator. In this article, a simple distributed-parameter analytical model of piezoelectric actuator, which can model vibration characteristics of piezoelectric actuator–based applications, is formulated. Based on the physical analysis of piezoelectric actuator, a simplification is proposed, justified and applied to fundamentals of thickness-extension-mode piezoelectricity. This simplification subtly enables piezoelectric actuator to be effectively modelled as a whole and allows for a formulation of a simple analytical model. Compared with other modelling methods in the literature, the proposed model with a small number of easily accessible parameters is easy to handle and extend with little compromised accuracy. The effectiveness of the proposed model has been validated by a three-dimensional finite element analysis model of piezoelectric actuator developed in commercial software ANSYS.
Probing and visualizing the heterogeneity of fiber cell wall deconstruction in sugar maple (Acer saccharum) during liquid hot water pretreatment (2016)

The S2 layer was differentiated into heavy-damaged region with more polysaccharides removed and relatively intact light-damaged region after LHW pretreatment.
A Sequential Photoinduced Electron Relay Accelerated by Fullerene in a Porphyrin‐Pyromellitimide‐C<sub>60</sub> Triad (1997)

A model for the reaction center of photosynthesis is the porphyrin-imide-C60 triad 1. The C60 unit accelerates quenching of the excited singlet state of the porphyrin group. Thus, electron transfer can proceed either by a two-step process through the imide spacer with formation of a long-lived intermediate with seperated charge or directly through space.
Phosphorylation of cellular proteins in response to treatment with Clostridium difficile toxin B and Clostridium sordellii toxin L. (1991)

Toxin B from Clostridium difficile induces typical morphological changes of cultured cells consisting of rounding up and arborization, which are associated with a dramatic disruption of microfilaments. In this study, we show that toxin L, a cytotoxin produced by bacterial strain Clostridium sordellii, has similar effects on cultured cells including the redistribution of F-actin and of the adhesion plaque protein vinculin. It has been assumed that the mechanisms involved in cytopathic effects of toxin B are related to the function of an unidentified component that regulates the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. We demonstrate that the treatment of cultured astrocytes with toxin B or toxin L alters the incorporation of inorganic phosphate into several proteins. Immunoblot analysis revealed that one of these proteins is tropomyosin. Since tropomyosin stabilizes microfilaments and inhibits the severing activity of gelsolin, the toxin-induced phosphorylation may counteract this inhibition resulting in severing of microfilaments and capping of short filaments. A decrease in the radioactivity associated with intermediate filament protein vimentin was also detected using a monoclonal antibody which specifically recognizes a phosphorylated epitope of vimentin. Since vimentin is an in vivo substrate for various protein kinases, these data are in favor of broad effects of these toxins. Direct measurement of protein kinase C in cells exposed to toxin B or to toxin L did not reveal a significant change in protein kinase C activity. Furthermore, treatments with toxins do not increase cAMP levels, suggesting that toxins do not activate protein kinase A. Although further studies are required to determine the primary target site for the clostridial cytotoxin B and L, our results show that they provoke the alteration in the phosphorylation of cellular proteins.
Expression of lymphocyte homing receptor as a mechanism of dissemination in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (1989)

To investigate whether the lymphocyte homing receptor (LHR), an adhesion molecule believed to play an important role in the control of normal lymphocyte circulation, influences the spread of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), expression of LHR was examined in 107 NHL of various histologic and immunophenotypic subclasses. This analysis revealed that whereas NHL with a putative derivation from recirculating mature T and B lymphocytes almost invariably express high levels of LHR, those akin to sessile mature or immature lymphocytes tend to express lower levels of LHR. Furthermore, in a survey among diffuse large-cell lymphomas of the B-lineage, the tumors of 11 of 13 patients with stage III/IV disease expressed moderate to high levels of LHR, whereas only two of 17 patients with stage I/II disease had tumors that did so. These findings suggest that LHR is involved in the dissemination of NHL.
Increased liver stiffness in patients with severe sleep apnoea and metabolic comorbidities (2018)

The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM), one of the most accurate noninvasive screening tools for liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.The study included 147 patients with at least one criterion for the metabolic syndrome, assessed by polysomnography for suspected OSA. LSM was performed using transient elastography (FibroScan). Significant liver disease and advanced liver fibrosis were defined as LSM ≥7.3 and ≥9.6 kPa, respectively.23 patients were excluded because of unreliable LSM. Among 124 patients, 34 (27.4%) had mild OSA, 38 (30.6%) had moderate OSA and 52 (42.0%) had severe OSA. LSM values were 7.3- <9.6 kPa in 18 (14.5%) patients and ≥9.6 kPa in 15 (12.1%) patients. A dose-response relationship was observed between OSA severity and LSM values (p=0.004). After adjustment for age, sex, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, severe OSA was associated with an increased risk of LSM ≥7.3 kPa (OR 7.17, 95% CI 2.51-20.50) and LSM ≥9.6 kPa (OR 4.73, 95% CI 1.25-17.88).In patients with metabolic comorbidities, severe OSA is independently associated with increased liver stiffness, which may predispose to a higher risk of significant liver disease and poorer prognosis.
[Clinical thinking and decision making in clinical practice. A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and behavioral changes]. (1998)

A 48-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was admitted with fever, headache and mental change. On admission he was treated with daily doses of cyclophosphamide 100 mg and prednisone 7.5 mg. Orientation and attention were diminished and visual examination revealed right-sided homonymous hemianopia. MRI of the brain showed a ring-enhanced, space occupying lesion in the left occipital lobe. An infectious disease cause was considered, because disease activity parameters of SLE were all negative (anti-dsDNA and the complement profile). The anti-Toxoplasma titre was elevated in cerebrospinal fluid (57 IU/ml) and in serum (1140 IU/ml), both IgG. A tentative diagnosis of Toxoplasma encephalitis was made and a trial anti-toxoplasmosis treatment with pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine was administered. Two weeks later the patient was normal at neurological examination and his brain MRI had greatly improved. The anti-Toxoplasma titre had dropped significantly.
ChemInform Abstract: Epoxidation of Alkenes by Oxo(5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(2,6‐dimethyl‐3‐sulfonatophenyl)porphinato)chromium(V) in Aqueous Solution. (1990)

Abstract The water‐soluble and non μ‐oxo dimer forming complex diaquo(5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(2,6‐dimethyl‐3‐sulfonatophenyl)porphinato)chromium(III) is prepared by metalation of the free base and transformed into the corresponding oxo‐Cr(V) porphyrin by controlled potential bulk electrolysis.