gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Occupational and Environmental Risks from Mancozeb in Aviation Facilities in the Banana Producing Area of Teapa, Tabasco, Mexico (2015)

Purpose: To identify occupational risks and practices in the four aerial fumigation facilities in the Sierra banana growing region and to evaluate environmental impacts from Mancozeb use.Methods: Occupational health risks were identified and practices in the four aerial fumigation facilities in the Sierra banana growing region were documented. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with installation managers. To evaluate environmental impact, samples of water and soil were collected and analysed in an acute toxicity bioassay with Vibrio fischeri, using uncontaminated soil and water to establish background levels.Results: Even in the largest and best-equipped facility, serious risks to workers’ health were encountered from inadequate use of protective equipment by workers. Furthermore, excessive use of pesticide, lack of re-use of unused product, poor facility design and poor use of wash-water were observed, resulting in maximum toxicity of &gt; 5 times background in discharged water. Parallel soil samples were &gt; 20 times more toxic than background, being most toxic at &gt; 0.5 km from the discharge point.Conclusion: Areas of opportunity to improve worker health and the environment include proper and consistent use of protective equipment, re-use of unused product, wastewater reduction and appropriate wastewater treatment.Keywords: Black Sigatoka, Ethylene thiourea, Fumigation, Pesticide, Mancozeb, Airports, Microtox, Vibrio fischeri, Occupational health risks, Toxicity
Liquid saline water on Mars (2009)

Liquid water is a basic ingredient for life as we know it. An important goal of space exploration is, therefore, to determine whether liquid water exists, or ever existed, beyond Earth. Mars is an important candidate in the search for liquid water because it is the most Earthlike world known and will probably be the first other planet to be visited by humans. The Phoenix Mars Mission landed on 25 May 2008. It was designed to study the habitability potential of the Martian arctic’s ice-rich soil and the history of the planet’s water.1 The lander was sent to the polar region because the neutron spectrometer on board the orbiting Mars Odyssey spacecraft had been instrumental in uncovering evidence that the top meter of the soil in this region contains about 30–50% ice by mass.2, 3 This was confirmed by the discovery of ice in craters produced by the Phoenix spacecraft’s landing thrusters, and then in shallow trenches excavated using its robotic arm.1, 4 An unexpected result of the Phoenix mission was the discovery of physical evidence for liquid saline water.4 This was the first time that liquid water was detected and photographed on another planet. The vapor pressure of ∼600Pa at the triple point of water (the temperature and pressure at which the gas, liquid, and solid phases of a substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium) is below the present-day atmospheric pressure in many regions of Mars, including at the Phoenix landing site, where it is∼700–800Pa. However, although the planet’s low surface temperature (∼180–250K) and dry air inhibit the presence of pure liquid water near the surface, the presence of liquid saline water is possible because many salts depress the freezing temperature to below present-day surface temperatures.5 In fact, even the presence of salts with relatively high freezing temperatures— such as sodium chloride—might allow liquid water to form sporadically on most of Mars’ surface.5 On Earth, except in some extremely dry deserts, salts are leached from the crust and carried to the subsurface or sea, but on Mars leaching is inhibited Figure 1. Spheroids on a strut of the Phoenix leg onMartian days eight (left), 31 (center), and 44 (right) after landing. Note that of the green spheroids, the one on the left appears to either gradually fall or partially merge (left) with the one on the right (center), and the resulting spheroid (right) moves to the right. The spheroids moved most likely because liquid growth was inhibited in the material left behind by the spheroid that appears to have merged with its neighbor, indicating that it carried most of the deliquescent material with it. (Credit: NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory-California Institute of Technology/University of Arizona/Max Planck Institute.)
A Calmodulin-Binding Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase is Induced by Wounding and Regulates the Activities of Stress-Related Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases in Rice (2007)

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatases (MKPs) are negative regulators of MAPKs. In dicotyledons such as Arabidopsis and tobacco, MKPs have been shown to play pivotal roles in abiotic stress responses, hormone responses and microtubule organization. However, little is known about the role of MKPs in monocotyledons such as rice. Database searches identified five putative MKPs in rice. We investigated their expression in response to wounding, and found that the expression of OsMKP1 is rapidly induced by wounding. In this study, we functionally characterized the involvement of OsMKP1 in wound responses. The deduced amino acid sequence of OsMKP1 shows strong similarity to Arabidopsis AtMKP1 and tobacco NtMKP1. Moreover, OsMKP1 bound calmodulin in a manner similar to NtMKP1. To determine the biological function of OsMKP1, we obtained osmkp1, a loss-of-function mutant, in which retrotransposon Tos17 was inserted in the second exon of OsMKP1. Unlike the Arabidopsis atmkp1 loss-of-function mutant, which shows no abnormal phenotype without stimuli, osmkp1 showed a semi-dwarf phenotype. Exogenous supply of neither gibberellin nor brassinosteroid complemented the semi-dwarf phenotype of osmkp1. Activities of two stress-responsive MAPKs, OsMPK3 and OsMPK6, in osmkp1 were higher than those in the wild type both before and after wounding. Microarray analysis identified 13 up-regulated and eight down-regulated genes in osmkp1. Among the up-regulated genes, the expression of five genes showed clear responses to wounding, indicating that wound responses are constitutively activated in osmkp1. These results suggest that OsMKP1 is involved in the negative regulation of rice wound responses.
Table S1 from Intermittent Dosing with Sulindac Provides Effective Colorectal Cancer Chemoprevention in the Azoxymethane-Treated Mouse Model (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Latency time for each mouse group.&lt;/p&gt;
Transcription profiling of HCN-channel isotypes throughout mouse cardiac development (2009)

Hyperpolarization-activated ion channels, encoded by four mammalian genes (HCN1-4), contribute in an important way to the cardiac pacemaker current I(f). Here, we describe the transcription profiles of the four HCN genes, the NRSF, KCNE2 and Kir2.1 genes from embryonic stage E9.5 dpc to postnatal day 120 in the mouse. Embryonic atrium and ventricle revealed abundant HCN4 transcription but other HCN transcripts were almost absent. Towards birth, HCN4 was downregulated in the atrium and almost vanished from the ventricle. After birth, however, HCN isotype transcription changed remarkably, showing increased levels of HCN1, HCN2 and HCN4 in the atrium and of HCN2 and HCN4 in the ventricle. HCN3 showed highest transcription at early embryonic stages and was hardly detectable thereafter. At postnatal day 10, HCN4 was highest in the sinoatrial node, being twofold higher than HCN1 and fivefold higher than HCN2. In the atrium, HCN4 was similar to HCN1 and sevenfold higher than HCN2. In the ventricle, in contrast, HCN2 was sixfold higher than HCN4, while HCN1 was absent. Subsequently all HCN isotype transcripts declined to lower adult levels, while ratios of HCN isotypes remained stable. In conclusion, substantial changes of HCN isotype transcription throughout cardiac development suggest that a regulated pattern of HCN isotypes is required to establish and ensure a stable heart rhythm. Furthermore, constantly low HCN transcription in adult myocardium may be required to prevent atrial and ventricular arrhythmogenesis.
Dietary sources of inorganic microparticles and their intake in healthy subjects and patients with Crohn's disease (2004)

Dietary microparticles are non-biological, bacterial-sized particles. Endogenous sources are derived from intestinal Ca and phosphate secretion. Exogenous sources are mainly titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and mixed silicates (Psil); they are resistant to degradation and accumulate in human Peyer's patch macrophages and there is some evidence that they exacerbate inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD). However, whether their intake differs between those with and without CD has not been studied. We aimed to identify dietary microparticle sources and intakes in subjects with and without CD. Patients with inactive CD and matched general practice-based controls (ninety-one per group) completed 7d food diaries. Intake data for dietary fibre and sucrose were compared as positive controls. All foods, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes were examined for microparticle content, and intakes of Ca and exogenous microparticles were compared between the two groups. Dietary intakes were significantly different between cases and controls for dietary fibre (12 (SD 5) v . 14 (sd 5) g/d; P =0.001) and sucrose (52 (sd 27) v . 45 (sd 18) g/d; P =0·04) but not for Ca. Estimated median TiO 2 and Psil intakes (2·5 and 35mg/individual per d respectively, totalling 10 12 –10 13 microparticles/individual per d) were broadly similar to per capita estimates and while there was wide variation in intakes between individuals there was no significant difference between subjects with CD and controls. Hence, if exposure to microparticles is associated with the inflammation of CD, then the present study rules out excess intake as the problem. Nonetheless, microparticle-containing foods have now been identified which allows a low-microparticle diet to be further assessed in CD.
ChemInform Abstract: Bromoacetaldehyde and Iodoacetaldehyde by Ozonolysis of Allyl Bromide and Allyl Iodide. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Onco-miR-21 Promotes Stat3-Dependent Gastric Cancer Progression (2022)

MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is a small, non-coding RNA overexpressed in gastric cancer and many other solid malignancies, where it exhibits both pro-and anti-tumourigenic properties. However, the pathways regulating miR-21 and the consequences of its inhibition in gastric cancer remain incompletely understood. By exploiting the spontaneous Stat3-dependent formation of inflammation-associated gastric tumors in <i>Gp130<sup>F</sup></i><i><sup>/F</sup></i> mice, we functionally established miR-21 as a Stat3-controlled driver of tumor growth and progression. We reconciled our discoveries by identifying several conserved Stat3 binding motifs upstream of the miR-21 gene promoter, and showed that the systemic administration of a miR-21-specific antisense oligonucleotide antagomir reduced the established gastric tumor burden in <i>Gp130<sup>F</sup></i><i><sup>/F</sup></i> mice. We molecularly delineated the therapeutic benefits of miR-21 inhibition with the functional restoration of PTEN in vitro and in vivo, alongside an attenuated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and the extracellular matrix remodeling phenotype of tumors. We corroborated our preclinical findings by correlating high STAT3 and miR-21 expression with the reduced survival probability of gastric cancer patients. Collectively, our results provide a molecular framework by which miR-21 mediates inflammation-associated gastric cancer progression, and establish miR-21 as a robust therapeutic target for solid malignancies characterized by excessive Stat3 activity.
Multifunctional natural agarose as an alternative material for high-performance rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (2016)

Multifunctional agarose acts as an effective binder for Si anodes and LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>cathodes and also serves as a good carbon source to obtain hard carbon.
Topical application of Lactobacilli successfully eradicates Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms and promotes wound healing in chronic wounds (2023)

Chronic wounds are difficult to treat due to the presence of biofilm which prevents wound healing. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common pathogens found in chronic wounds and conventional treatment strategies have been ineffective in the eradication of its biofilm, without harming the surrounding healthy tissue at the same time. Here, we introduced an innovative approach applying the probiotic product Bio-K+ (containing three lactobacilli) topically as an antimicrobial and antibiofilm agent. We identified lactic acid as the main active component. While antibiotics and antiseptics such as silver-ions only demonstrated limited efficacy, Bio-K+ was able to completely eradicate mature P. aeruginosa biofilms established in an in-vitro and ex-vivo human skin model. Furthermore, it demonstrated biocompatibility in the co-culture with human dermal fibroblasts and accelerated the migration of fibroblasts in a cell migration assay promoting wound healing. To enhance clinical practicability, we introduced Bio-K+ into the hydrocolloid dressing Aquacel, achieving sustained release of lactic acid and biofilm eradication. This new treatment approach applying probiotics could represent a major improvement in the management of chronic wounds and can be extended in treating other biofilm-associated infections.
Regulation and Function of Human Immunoglobulin D (2010)

Immunoglobulin D (IgD) is an enigmatic antibody isotype that mature B cells co-express with IgM through alternative mRNA splicing. We found active T cell-dependent and T cell-independent IgM-to-IgD class switching in B cells from the human upper respiratory mucosa. This process was highly dependent on the activation of B cells by signals from CD40 ligand, B cell-activating factor of the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) or a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and a cytokine combination comprising interleukin-21 (IL-21) and IL-2 or IL-21 and IL-15. IgM-to-IgD class switching required the DNA editing enzyme activation-induced cytidine deaminase and generated local as well as circulating IgD-producing plasmablasts highly reactive to respiratory bacteria. Circulating IgD interacted with a subset of granulocytes, including basophils, in both humans and teleosts through a mechanism involving an IL-4- and IL-3-inducible calciummobilizing receptor(s) different from IgG, IgA and IgE receptors. Cross-linking of basophil-bound IgD induced antimicrobial, opsonizing, inflammatory and B cell-stimulating factors including cathelicidin, IL-1, IL-4, IL-13, TNF, and BAFF. By showing dysregulation of IgD class-switched B cells and IgD-armed basophils in autoinflammatory syndromes with elevated IgD and periodic fever such as hyper-IgD syndrome (HIDS), periodic fever-aphtous stomatitis-pharingitis-adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome, Muckle-Wells syndrome and TNF receptor-associated periodic fever syndrome (TRAPS), our data indicate that IgD orchestrates an ancestral immune surveillance system at the interface between immunity and inflammation.
Use of tethering for axial confinement in optical tweezers (2004)

Lambda DNA is used to tether polystyrene microspheres to an optical substrate, thus eliminating the need for high numerical aperture trapping lenses in single beam optical tweezers to provide axial trapping. The tethered particle may be used as a sensor probe to measure local viscosity and forces on the trapped particle such as those induced by fluid flow.
Ray-tracing-based reconstruction algorithms for digital breast tomosynthesis (2021)

As a breast-imaging technique, digital breast tomosynthesis has great potential to improve the diagnosis of early breast cancer over mammography. Ray-tracing-based reconstruction algorithms, such as ray-tracing back projection, maximum-likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM), ordered-subset MLEM (OS-MLEM), and simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART), have been developed as reconstruction methods for different breast tomosynthesis systems. This paper provides a comparative study to investigate these algorithms by computer simulation and phantom study. Experimental results suggested that, among the four investigated reconstruction algorithms, OS-MLEM and SART performed better in interplane artifact removal with a fast speed convergence.
카올리나이트에 대한 휴믹산 및 아메리슘 흡착거동 연구 (2010)

본 연구에서는 pH 변화에 따른 카올리나이트-휴믹산, 카올리나이트-아메리슘 및 휴믹산-아메리슘 등의 이성분계 흡착반응을 조사하였다. 카올리나이트의 물리화학적 특성을 조사한 후, 휴믹산농도, 이온강도 및 pH 변화에 따른 카올리나이트에 휴믹산의 흡착실험을 하였다. pH 및 HA 농도가 증가함에 따라 KA에 대한 HA의 ...
CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF DEOXYSEPIAPTERIN (1984)

Abstract A chemical synthesis of the yellow eye pigment deoxysepiapterin of Drosophila melanogaster has been achieved from 7-alkylthio pteridines by homolytic nucleophilic acylation at C-6 and subsequent hydrolyses to 6-propionylpterin derivatives followed by desulfurizations with copper–aluminum alloy.
California Pomegranates (2009)

In Brief This article reviews the botany, mythology, phytochemistry, and biological properties of pomegranate fruits. Unique properties due to the presence of certain ellagitannins found only in the pomegranate led to the demonstration of its potent antioxidant and immune modulatory properties. The increased popularity of pomegranate because of its perceived health benefits for a variety of common age-related diseases including prostate cancer is reviewed. Botany and benefits of a newly popular American fruit
Simplifying parallel and distributed simulation with the DUP system (2010)

This paper presents how the DUP System, a straightforward POSIX-compatible framework that enables programming-language-agnostic parallel and distributed stream processing, can be used to facilitate parallel and distributed simulations. Specifically, we describe two ways of using DUP to utilize available resources for efficient simulation: (1) a straightforward technique for parallelizing multiple runs of an existing simulation program with minimal changes, and (2) FiDES, a Discrete-Event Simulation (DES) framework built atop DUP that provides a simple, yet powerful, means of implementing a parallel and/or distributed DES. We then describe a toolset for profiling, debugging and visualization that aids the development of DUP simulations. To support these claims, we present various performance benchmarks that collectively demonstrate how DUP and FiDES can make high-performance simulation accessible to everyone.
Development and pre-clinical test of a phosphorous-32 containing polyetheretherketone foil aiming at urethral stricture prevention by low-dose-rate brachytherapy (2022)

This proof-of-concept study presents a safe and technically simple approach to LDR brachytherapy intending to prevent urethral stenosis. The prescribed irradiation dose can be administered in a reproducible and precise manner using a urethral catheter as a carrier of beta radiating foil. The study duration of 63 days was too short to make statistically significant stricture-related conclusions. This approach may be considered for similar problems in other hollow organs and in cases regarding superficial hyper-proliferation.
Simultaneous determination of glucosamine and glucosamine 4-phosphate in Lipid A with high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) (1998)

A method for simultaneous determination of glucosamine (GlcN) and glucosamine 4-phosphate (GlcN-4-P) in Lipid A with high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) is described. Lipid A is hydrolyzed with 4 M HCl for 16 h at 100 degrees C, and the peaks of glucosamine and glucosamine 4-phosphate were measured. The true GlcN value can be computed from the GlcN value after correction for the incomplete hydrolysis of GlcN-4-P, or by the combined yield of GlcN and GlcN-4-P.
Amelioration of Hypertensive Heart Failure by Amlodipine May Occur via Antioxidative Effects (2006)

Although recent clinical studies have suggested that long-acting calcium channel blockers (CCBs) have beneficial effects on heart failure, the precise mechanism is unknown. In this study, Dahl salt-sensitive rats fed a high salt diet were treated with the long-acting CCB amlodipine, the low-molecular-weight membrane permeable superoxide dismutase mimetic 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidinoxyl (Tempol), or saline from 11 weeks after birth. The cardiac geometry and function, and gene expression profiles were determined at 17 weeks. Dahl salt-sensitive rats fed a high salt diet followed by saline as a non-treatment control (HS group) showed a marked increase in blood pressure and developed concentric hypertrophy at 11 weeks, followed by left ventricular (LV) dilation and congestive heart failure by 17 weeks. The treatment with amlodipine (AMLO group) or Tempol (TEMP group) significantly inhibited the development of LV hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction. Analysis using an Affymetrix GeneChip U34 revealed that the expression levels of 195 genes were changed by the treatment with amlodipine. Among these 195 genes, 110 genes were increased in HS rats and decreased in AMLO rats. And of these 110 genes, 54 genes were also decreased in TEMP rats. In contrast, 85 genes were decreased in HS rats and increased in AMLO rats. Of these 85 genes, 38 genes were also increased in TEMP rats. Approximately 48% of the genes were changed in similar fashion in AMLO and TEMP rats, suggesting that amlodipine shows beneficial effects on heart failure mainly via antioxidative mechanisms.
Stannylphosphonium Cations (2011)

Seltene Beispiele für P-Sn-Kationen (siehe Struktur; violett Al, grau C, grün Cl, orange P, rot Sn) bilden sich bei Reaktionen von Me3P oder Me2PCH2CH2PMe2 mit Me3SnCl oder nBu2SnCl2 in Gegenwart eines Halogenid abstrahierenden Agens. Die Vielseitigkeit der Reaktionen, Strukturen und Bindungsarrangements ist vielversprechend für die Entwicklung einer reichhaltigen P-Sn-Chemie, indem die Koordinationschemie zur P-Sn-Bindungsbildung genutzt wird.
Evaluation of clustering algorithms for DAP placement in wireless smart meter network (2017)

Wireless smart meter network has attracted extensive research interests for its capability on intelligent control and monitor the power consumption in residential as well as commercial area. Wireless smart meter network constitutes with a number of smart meters to sense the electricity or gas consumption, data aggregation point (DAP) to collect data from smart meters, and utility center to gather all data from DAPs. In this work, we investigate the clustering and optimal DAP placement problem in the multi-hop smart meter network. Three representative clustering algorithms, namely k-means, self-organizing map, and fuzzy c-means, are evaluated and compared in terms of multi-hop shortest path distance (MSPD), size of clusters and computation complexity. Simulation results indicate that the hard assignment based methods, k-means and self-organizing, achieve similar performance whereas the soft assignment based fuzzy c-means falls behind with longer maximum MSPD and higher complexity.