gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthetic intermediates potentially useful for the synthesis of tetrodotoxin and derivatives. 9. Hydroquinazolines possessing the carbon skeleton of tetrodotoxin (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic intermediates potentially useful for the synthesis of tetrodotoxin and derivatives. 9. Hydroquinazolines possessing the carbon skeleton of tetrodotoxinJohn F. W. Keana, Jeffrey S. Bland, Patrick J. Boyle, Mark Erion, Ross Hartling, James R. Husman, Richard B. Roman, George Ferguson, and Masood ParvezCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 21, 3627–3631Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00169a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00169a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views166Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Silicon ring resonator-coupled Mach–Zehnder interferometers for the Fano resonance in the mid-IR (2017)

We present ring resonator (RR)-coupled Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) based on silicon-on-insulator rib waveguides, operating around the mid-IR wavelength of 3.8 μm. A number of different photonic integrated devices have been designed and fabricated experimentally to obtain the asymmetric Fano resonances in the mid-IR. We have investigated the influence of the coupling efficiency between the RR and the MZI as well as the phase shift between the two arms of the MZI on the Fano-type resonance spectral features, in agreement with theoretical predictions. Finally, wavelength-dependent Fano transmittances have been successfully measured with insertion losses up to ∼1 dB and extinction ratios of ∼20 dB. A slope of sharp Fano resonances as high as -574.6/μm has been achieved and estimated to be 35.5% higher than the slope of single RR Lorentzian-type resonances.
Adversarial Detector with Robust Classifier (2022)

Deep neural network (DNN) models are well-known to easily misclassify prediction results by using input images with small perturbations, called adversarial examples. In this paper, we propose a novel adversarial detector, which consists of a robust classifier and a plain one, to highly detect adversarial examples. The proposed adversarial detector is carried out in accordance with the logits of plain and robust classifiers. In an experiment, the proposed detector is demonstrated to outperform a state-of-the-art detector without any robust classifier.
Spatial Beam Self-Cleaning in Second-Harmonic Generation (2020)

We experimentally demonstrate the spatial self-cleaning of a highly multimode optical beam, in the process of second-harmonic generation in a quadratic nonlinear potassium titanyl phosphate crystal. As the beam energy grows larger, the output beam from the crystal evolves from a highly speckled intensity pattern into a single, bell-shaped spot, sitting on a low energy background. We demonstrate that quadratic beam cleanup is accompanied by significant self-focusing of the fundamental beam, for both positive and negative signs of the linear phase mismatch close to the phase-matching condition.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMOLYSIS AND PHOTOLYSIS OF 1,2,3‐TRIAZOLINES DERIVED FROM OLEFINS TRISUBSTITUTED BY ELECTROATTRACTING GROUPS. PREPARATION OF AZIRIDINES (1980)

Abstract Die Photoreaktion der Triazoline (I), (III) bzw. (V) verläuft einheitlich zu den Aziridinen (II), (IV) bzw. (VI), die potentielle Ausgangsverbindungen für Azomethinylide sind.
Inside Cover: Hydrophilic <i>trans</i>‐Cyclooctenylated Noncanonical Amino Acids for Fast Intracellular Protein Labeling (ChemBioChem 16/2016) (2016)

The inside cover picture shows that a new, hydrophilic “amphibian” trans-cyclooctene (TCO)-modified noncanonical amino acid (ncAA) can easily be washed out of cells following site-specific genetic encoding into the protein of interest. The fluorescent labeling of genetically bio-orthogonalized intracellular proteins is usually compromised by high background caused by inefficient clearance of existing, more-hydrophobic TCO-ncAAs. Typically this was compensated for by extensive washout protocols to remove excess ncAAs from the cellular interior. The presented, easily removable hydrophilic TCO-ncAA, however, permits fast bio-orthogonal labeling with very low background signals and paves the way towards studying intracellular proteins that turn over rapidly. More information can be found in the full paper by E. A. Lemke, P. Kele et al. on page 1518 in Issue 16, 2016 (DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600284).
On Ramanujan's τ-function, Modular Forms and Hecke Operators (2017)

This essay is a survey on modular forms developing the theory from first principals through to research problems. We will develop hyperbolic geometry as a space on which to perform complex analysis. The vector space of modular forms will be explained as complex-valued functions with periodic-like properties. Through the 1930's work of the German mathematicians Hecke and his student Petersson, we will develop the Hecke linear operator on the space of modular forms and show this operator to be multiplicative. This gives rise to modular forms that are normalised, simultaneous eigenfunctions - the so called Hecke-forms. These results will be used to explain Ramanujan’s arithmetic observations about his Ramanujan τ-function, that he could not prove. The Petersson inner product on the vector space of Modular Forms will be constructed and we show that all Hecke operators are Hermitian with respect to that product. From this we can deduce that there is a basis of simultaneous eigenforms for the vector space of modular forms. Some applications are presented, including the representation of integers as sums of squares, Fermat's last theorem and the unsolved congruent number problem.
Approximated Infomax Early Stopping: Revisiting Gaussian RBMs on Natural Images (2013)

We pursue an early stopping technique that helps Gaussian Restricted Boltzmann Machines (GRBMs) to gain good natural image representations in terms of over-completeness and data fitting. GRBMs are widely considered as an unsuitable model for natural images because they gain non-overcomplete representations which include uniform filters that do not represent useful image features. We have recently found that GRBMs once gain and subsequently lose useful filters during their training, contrary to this common perspective. We attribute this phe-nomenon to a tradeoff between overcompleteness of GRBM representations and data fitting. To gain GRBM representations that are overcomplete and fit data well, we propose a measure for GRBM representation quality, approximated mutual in-formation, and an early stopping technique based on this measure. The proposed method boosts performance of classifiers trained on GRBM representations. 1
PDI inhibitor LTI6426 enhances panobinostat efficacy in preclinical models of multiple myeloma (2022)

The histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), panobinostat (Pano), is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) for treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM). Despite regulatory approvals, Pano is used on a limited basis in MM due largely to an unfavorable toxicity profile. The MM treatment landscape continues to evolve, and for Pano to maintain a place in that paradigm it will be necessary to identify treatment regimens that optimize its effectiveness, particularly those that permit dose reductions to eliminate unwanted toxicity. Here, we propose such a regimen by combining Pano with LTI6426, a first-in-class orally bioavailable protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) inhibitor. We show that LTI6426 dramatically enhances the anti-MM activity of Pano in vitro and in vivo using a proteasome inhibitor resistant mouse model of MM and a low dose of Pano that exhibited no signs of toxicity. We go on to characterize a transcriptional program that is induced by the LTI6426/Pano combination, demonstrating a convergence of the two drugs on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway effectors ATF3 (Activating Transcription Factor 3), DDIT3/CHOP (DNA Damage Inducible Transcript 3, a.k.a. C/EBP Homologous Protein), and DNAJB1 (DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 1, a.k.a. HSP40). We conclude that LTI6426 may safely enhance low-dose Pano regimens and that ATF3, DDIT3/CHOP, and DNAJB1 are candidate pharmacodynamic biomarkers of response to this novel treatment regimen.
Passive acoustic localization of calling animals in 3-D space (1994)

Fluctuations and uncertainties in winds (currents) and sound speed place lower limits on the accuracy with which calling animals can be passively localized from their calls in terrestrial and marine environments. The most accurate acoustic passive localizations of animals require simultaneous mapping of these environmental fluctuations using tomographic techniques [J. Spiesberger and K. Fristrup, Am. Nat. 135, 107–153 (1990)]. One localization experiment conducted in a wood found tomographic localization of a cap gun possible but tomographic localization of birds difficult because of echoes. Marine environments may be conducive to tomographic localizations because of a paucity of reflecting surfaces at low frequencies. A new oceanographic instrument called a surface suspended acoustic receiver (SSAR) has the potential for passively localizing and censusing calling animals throughout the world’s oceans in real time. [Work partially supported by Advanced Research Projects Agency.]
Supplementary Figure 2 from Vitamin E Analogues Inhibit Angiogenesis by Selective Induction of Apoptosis in Proliferating Endothelial Cells: The Role of Oxidative Stress (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Vitamin E Analogues Inhibit Angiogenesis by Selective Induction of Apoptosis in Proliferating Endothelial Cells: The Role of Oxidative Stress
CD44-Induced Differentiation of Acute Monoblastic Leukemia Cells Is Mediated by Prolonged Activation of ERK1/2 and by Cytokines. (2009)

Abstract Abstract 3103 Poster Board III-40 We have previously reported that specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to the cell adhesion molecule CD44, trigger monocytic differentiation of blasts from patients with acute monoblastic leukemia (1) and that cytokines contribute this differentiation (2). To further analyze the mechanisms mediating CD44-induced monocytic differentiation of leukemic cells, we have used as a model the THP-1 leukemia cell line which differentiation has been induced by the Hermes-3 anti-CD44 mAb. Monocytic differentiation has been checked at day 3 by measuring, using flow cytometry, the increase in the expression levels of CD11b (myeloid-specific) and CD14 (monocyte-specific) differentiation antigens. Control THP-1 cells (untreated or treated with isotypic IgG) display only a little CD11b and do not express CD14. First, using western blot analysis, we show that CD44-ligation with Hermes-3 mAb rapidly triggers ERK1/2 MAP kinase phosphorylation, that persists for about 6-8 hours. This prolonged ERK1/2 phosphorylation is essential for CD44-induced differentiation, since its delayed inhibition (using the specific chemical inhibitor U0126) fully abrogates the differentiation process. Similar results have been obtained in Hermes-3 - treated primary blasts from patients with acute monoblastic leukemia. Interestingly, ERK1/2 signalling mediates normal monocytic differentiation induced by cytokines (3). Accordingly, our present results suggest that CD44-ligation might reactivate this physiological differentiation pathway persisting in monoblastic leukemia cells (THP-1 cells and primary leukemic monoblasts). Second, using real-time RQ-PCR and ELISA assays, we show that ERK1/2 activation leads to synthesis and secretion of a burst of cytokines, including IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF and TNF-alpha. Among these cytokines, TNF-alpha- and IL-6, acting through an autocrine-paracrine pathway, play an important part in the CD44-induced differentiation process, since their functional inhibition with specific mAbs dramatically decreases the extent of this differentiation. TNF-alpha has a critical role in the increase of CD11b expression level. In addition, it cooperates with IL-6 for inducing CD14 expression. However, TNF-alpha- and IL-6 inhibition does not totally abrogate CD44-induced differentiation. This suggests that another unidentified cytokine is perhaps involved in the differentiation process. Alternatively, CD44-activated ERK1/2 pathway may directly reprogram the expression of monocytic differentiation genes. Interestingly, addition of exogenous IL-6 enhanced the level of CD14, suggesting that IL-6 and CD44-ligation may cooperate for differentiation therapy of acute monoblastic leukemia. 1. Charrad et al. Nat. Med 5:669,1999 2. Delaunay et al. Leukemia 22:873, 2008 Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
WANTED: a theft-deterrent solution for the pervasive computing world (2002)

This paper presents a new theft-deterrent system called WANTED. The system relies on credits and blacklists, with each protected device periodically requesting new credit in order to continue operating. The main features of WANTED are resistance to attacks, guaranteed privacy, and scalability. The client part is a hybrid system consisting of an untrusted software component and a trusted hardware component. This offers maximum flexibility, while keeping the hardware requirements low.
In vitro cytotoxic activity of Phyllanthus amarus Schum. &amp; Thonn. (2021)

Some bioactive compounds from plants are excellent sources of anticancer drugs. These natural phytochemicals are used in active research for cancer prevention and treatment. In our present study <em>invitro</em> anticancer activity was evaluated using dimethylformamide leaf extract of <em>Phyllanthus amarus</em> as its GC-MS analysis revealed many active principles which exhibited good antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. There were reports that anti-proliferative activity is always coupled with antioxidant activity. Anti-cancer activity of the <em>P. amarus</em> leaf extract was tested against HCT 15 and T47D cell lines and inhibitory effect on HCT 15 cell line was found to be greater than T47D cell line. With the increasing concentration of extract, the percentage of viability of cell lines was found to be decreased for both the cell lines. The anticancer activity of leaf extract of <em>P. amarus</em> is comparable to positive control drug doxorubicin. N-Hexadecanoic acid, lignans and polyphenol compounds in leaf extract may be responsible for the anticancer activity. These phytochemicals block cancer cell propagation by controlling cancer stem cells and can influence all the stages of cancer development effectively.
Transmission of hepatitis C virus infection from asymptomatic mother to child in southern India (2009)

This study is of importance as it is the first report from India of a successful attempt to analyze the rate of vertical/perinatal transmission of HCV from infected mothers to their children by a prospective longitudinal follow-up study, and to characterize the pattern of genotype(s) of HCV present in the infected mother/baby pairs, so as to confirm the source of HCV acquired by the newborn babies.
Residential self-selection and geographical scales in trip frequency. (2013)

Neighbourhood representation and scale used to measure the built environment have been treated in many ways. However, it is anything but clear what representation of neighbourhood is the most feasible in the existing literature. This paper presents an exhaustive analysis of built environment attributes through three spatial scales. For this purpose multiple data sources are integrated, and a set of 943 observations is analysed. This paper simultaneously analyses the influence of two methodological issues in the study of the relationship between built environment and travel behaviour: (1) detailed representation of neighbourhood by testing different spatial scales; (2) the influence of unobserved individual sensitivity to built environment attributes. The results show that different spatial scales of built environment attributes produce different results. Hence, it is important to produce local and regional transport measures, according to geographical scale. Additionally, the results show significant sensitivity to built environment attributes depending on place of residence. This effect, called residential sorting, acquires different magnitudes depending on the geographical scale used to measure the built environment attributes. Spatial scales risk to the stability of model results. Hence, transportation modellers and planners must take into account both effects of self-selection and spatial scales.
Supplementary Figure 3 from A Gene Signature Predicting for Survival in Suboptimally Debulked Patients with Ovarian Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from A Gene Signature Predicting for Survival in Suboptimally Debulked Patients with Ovarian Cancer
DEFORMABILITY AND INTERNAL GEOMETRY OF TEXTILE REINFORCEMENTS AND LAMINATES (2003)

SUMMARY: The paper presents an approach to model the behaviour of a representative volume element (unit cell) of textile reinforcement in in-plane deformation and in compression. The model is a further development of a virtual textile concept implemented in the WiseTex software, and is based on a hierarchical description of textile properties and systematic application of the principle of minimum energy to calculate the textile geometry in the relaxed and deformed state. With the internal geometry of the unit cell built, the model computes overall parameters of the deformed textile, such as fibre volume fraction, porosity etc. The load-deformation curve is computed via the balance between change of the internal energy of the unit cell and mechanical work of the applied loads. The nesting of reinforcement in textile laminates is studied using a 3D geometrical model of a woven, braided and non-crimp stitched fabrics in the relaxed and sheared state.
Importance of ligand structure in DNA/protein binding, mutagenicity, excision repair and nutritional aspects of chromium(<scp>iii</scp>) complexes (2012)

Chromium is extensively used in leather, chrome plating and refining industries. On one hand the occupational exposure to chromium leads to cancer, whereas on the contrary certain Cr(III) compounds have been proposed as nutritional supplements for Type II diabetes and as muscle building agents. Despite the positive outlook of chromium as a bio-essential element, there is increasing concern over the therapeutic application of Cr(III) based supplements, its bioavailability and toxicity profile. In this perspective, we discuss the role of ligand structure in mediating the interaction of chromium(III) complexes with DNA/protein, their mutagenic outcomes, adduct reparability and as nutritional supplements.
Self-synchronous control of doubly-fed linear generators for ocean wave energy applications (2010)

A versatile doubly-fed linear generator was recently presented for application in the point absorber ocean wave energy converter (WEC). Although the machine may be operated as a classical synchronous machine, or as a singly- or doubly-fed induction machine, a self-synchronous approach to operating the machine is found to be attractive in low speed, high force applications. This is particularly beneficial for WECs since operating conditions alternate between positive and negative velocity at low speeds with high force. This characteristic lends itself to the proposed unique control approach. This paper develops the analytical concepts behind this controller as well as detailed simulation results.
Novel Binding Sites on Clathrin and Adaptors Regulate Distinct Aspects of Coat Assembly (2006)

Clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) sort proteins at the plasma membrane, endosomes and trans Golgi network for multiple membrane traffic pathways. Clathrin recruitment to membranes and its self-assembly into a polyhedral coat depends on adaptor molecules, which interact with membrane-associated vesicle cargo. To determine how adaptors induce clathrin recruitment and assembly, we mapped novel interaction sites between these coat components. A site in the ankle domain of the clathrin triskelion leg was identified that binds a common site on the appendages of tetrameric [AP1 and AP2] and monomeric (GGA1) adaptors. Mutagenesis and modeling studies suggested that the clathrin-GGA1 appendage interface is nonlinear, unlike other peptide-appendage interactions, but overlaps with a sandwich domain binding site for accessory protein peptides, allowing for competitive regulation of coated vesicle formation. A novel clathrin box in the GGA1 hinge region was also identified and shown to mediate membrane recruitment of clathrin, while disruption of the clathrin-GGA1 appendage interaction did not affect recruitment. Thus, the distinct sites for clathrin-adaptor interactions perform distinct functions, revealing new aspects to regulation of CCV formation.
Atomic Scale Manipulation of Grain Boundary Structures through Doping and In-Situ Gas Reduction (2013)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, August 4 – August 8, 2013.
Effect of hyperthermia on experimental choroidal melanoma. (1985)

Thirty-five rabbit eyes were implanted subchoroidally with Greene's hamster melanoma. When the tumours reached a base diameter of 5 mm, they were treated with ultrasonically induced hyperthermia with a range of temperatures and exposure durations (43-67 degrees C and 75 s to 60 min). Of the 23 treated eyes examined two months after treatment eight showed complete regression of the tumour. Seven showed initial tumour regression, but there was subsequent regrowth of tumour round the margins of the original mass. In eight eyes the tumour continued to grow, though in some cases the rate of growth appeared to be slower than in the controls. In contrast, in all untreated animals the tumour grew to fill the vitreous cavity. These preliminary findings indicate that ultrasonically induced hyperthermia can be an effective local treatment of this intraocular tumour model.