gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
(s)-Triazol-N-Glikozitleri. VIII. Antiviral Etkili Bazı 3,5- Disübstitüe-l,2,4-Triazol Türevlerinin Sentezleri ve Biyolojik Etkileri Üzerine Yapılan Çalışmalar (1984)

Bu çalışmada daha önce sentezleri gerçekleştirilen (1) 3-sübstit ü e - 5 - merkapto -1,2,4- triazol -lerden hareketle 5-Metil-merkapto1,2,4,-triazol = A1, 3-metil -5- metil merkapto - 1,2,4-triazol = B1 ve 3-etil -5- metil merkapto -1,2,4- triazol = Cı türevleri elde edildi. Bu türevlerin glikozaminle nükleozitleri hazırlandıktan sonra, hem bu türevlerin hem de bunların nükleozitlerinin dokukültüründe RNA virüslerinden poliomielitis tip-3 e karşı antivrir al etkileri denendi . Daha önce yayınlanan (1,2) beş değişik analog seri 1,2,4-triazol türevleri ve bunların nükleozitlerinin hidrofobik parametre RM değerleri bulunup antiviral inhibisyon değerleri ile bir ilişki araştırıldı. Bulunan determinasyon ve korelasyon katsayıları, a n a l o g seri bileşiklerin antiviral aktivite ve RM değerleri arasında sağlıklı bir ilişkinin varlığını gösterdi.
MUC1 mucin stabilizes and activates hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha to regulate metabolism in pancreatic cancer (2012)

Aberrant glucose metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer that facilitates cancer cell survival and proliferation. Here, we demonstrate that MUC1, a large, type I transmembrane protein that is overexpressed in several carcinomas including pancreatic adenocarcinoma, modulates cancer cell metabolism to facilitate growth properties of cancer cells. MUC1 occupies the promoter elements of multiple genes directly involved in glucose metabolism and regulates their expression. Furthermore, MUC1 expression enhances glycolytic activity in pancreatic cancer cells. We also demonstrate that MUC1 expression enhances in vivo glucose uptake and expression of genes involved in glucose uptake and metabolism in orthotopic implantation models of pancreatic cancer. The MUC1 cytoplasmic tail is known to activate multiple signaling pathways through its interactions with several transcription factors/coregulators at the promoter elements of various genes. Our results indicate that MUC1 acts as a modulator of the hypoxic response in pancreatic cancer cells by regulating the expression/stability and activity of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). MUC1 physically interacts with HIF-1α and p300 and stabilizes the former at the protein level. By using a ChIP assay, we demonstrate that MUC1 facilitates recruitment of HIF-1α and p300 on glycolytic gene promoters in a hypoxia-dependent manner. Also, by metabolomic studies, we demonstrate that MUC1 regulates multiple metabolite intermediates in the glucose and amino acid metabolic pathways. Thus, our studies indicate that MUC1 acts as a master regulator of the metabolic program and facilitates metabolic alterations in the hypoxic environments that help tumor cells survive and proliferate under such conditions.
Next-generation sequencing reveals complex relationships between the epigenome and transcriptome in maize (2009)

Epigenetic modifications and small RNAs play an important role in gene regulation. Here, we discuss results of our Solexa/Illumina 1G sequencing-based survey of DNA methylation, activating and repressive histone modifications, small RNAs and mRNA in the maize genome. We analyze tissue-specific epigenetic patterns, discuss antagonistic relationships between repressive epigenetic marks and highlight synergistic relationships between activating histone modifications. We discuss our observation that small RNAs show a tissue-specific distribution in maize. Whereas 24-nucleotide long small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) accumulated preferentially in shoots, 21-nucleotide long micro RNAs (miRNAs) were the most abundant group in roots, which follows the transcript level of mop1. Furthermore, we discuss the possibility that a novel class of 22-nucleotide siRNAs might originate from long double-stranded RNAs in an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP)-independent manner. This supports the intriguing possibility that maize possesses at least two distinct pathways to generate siRNAs, one of which relies on RdRP and a second one that might be RdRP-independent.
A New Approach to Pathogen Containment in the Operating Room (2015)

The results of this study suggest that when an anesthesiologist in a simulated OR sheaths the laryngoscope immediately after endotracheal intubation, contamination of the IV hub, patient, and intraoperative environment is significantly reduced.
Hypervelocity Impactor Properties Effect on Target Materials Damage (2012)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Sympatric Recombination in Zoonotic Cryptosporidium Leads to Emergence of Populations with Modified Host Preference (2022)

Genetic recombination plays a critical role in the emergence of pathogens with phenotypes such as drug resistance, virulence, and host adaptation. Here, we tested the hypothesis that recombination between sympatric ancestral populations leads to the emergence of divergent variants of the zoonotic parasite Cryptosporidium parvum with modified host ranges. Comparative genomic analyses of 101 isolates have identified seven subpopulations isolated by distance. They appear to be descendants of two ancestral populations, IIa in northwestern Europe and IId from southwestern Asia. Sympatric recombination in areas with both ancestral subtypes and subsequent selective sweeps have led to the emergence of new subpopulations with mosaic genomes and modified host preference. Subtelomeric genes could be involved in the adaptive selection of subpopulations, while copy number variations of genes encoding invasion-associated proteins are potentially associated with modified host ranges. These observations reveal ancestral origins of zoonotic C. parvum and suggest that pathogen import through modern animal farming might promote the emergence of divergent subpopulations of C. parvum with modified host preference.
A Comparative Field Study on Dust Measurements by Different Sampling Methods with Emphasis on Estimating Factors for Recalculation from Chinese ‘Total Dust’ Measurements to Respirable Dust Concentrations (2012)

In China, dust samplers were originally designed to collect 'total dust' for a short term during production, which is different from the widely adopted sampling strategy for dust. With the aim to provide the conversion factor from Chinese total dust to US and German respirable dust and to look at the influences on conversion factors from environment, production, and instruments, a comparative field study on the dust concentration measurements by different sampling methods was carried out in the same Chinese industries as in the 1989-1990 study and in some other factories. A supplemental experiment was also conducted in a wind tunnel. Dust concentration was measured with a parallel sampling strategy by using the following samplers: 10-mm nylon cyclone for US respirable dust (AR), FSP-Berufsgenossenschaftliches Institut für Arbeitssicherheit (BIA) cyclone for German respirable dust (GR), and samplers for Chinese total dust (CT). Totally, 1434 samples were collected (269 AR, 198 GR, and 967 CT), from which 429 matched sample pairs (249 pairs of AR/CT, 180 GR/CT) were available to calculate conversion ratios. Industry- and job-based conversion factors are presented in this study. The conversion factor of AR/CT was 0.38 for tungsten mines, 0.19 for copper/iron mines, 0.65 for tin mines, and 0.20 for pottery industry, while the factor of GR/CT was 0.69 for tungsten, 0.37 for copper/iron, and 0.52 for pottery. In the job category, AR/CT factors varied from 0.16 to 0.96 and GR/CT from 0.12 to 0.72. For the industries studied in 1988-1989, the AR/CT and GR/CT factors were 0.29 and 0.45, respectively. Both factors were definitely influenced by production, CT dust concentration, sample gain, and variation of dust concentration. Moreover, the respirable dust concentration by FSP-BIA was significantly higher than that by 10-mm cyclones, 63.27-73.10% more as showed also by the wind tunnel experiment. Meanwhile, the GR/CT ratio was significantly larger than the AR/CT in every industry or job with only few exceptions. The GR/CT estimates should be considered as independent ones. Following these results, there is a need to use 'ideal samplers' (consistent with the internationally accepted respirable fraction) in practice and to assess the existent samplers in order to homogenize the exposure data situation.
Control of type III protein secretion using a minimal genetic system (2017)

Gram-negative bacteria secrete proteins using a type III secretion system (T3SS), which functions as a needle-like molecular machine. The many proteins involved in T3SS construction are tightly regulated due to its role in pathogenesis and motility. Here, starting with the 35 kb Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1), we eliminated internal regulation and simplified the genetics by removing or recoding genes, scrambling gene order and replacing all non-coding DNA with synthetic genetic parts. This process results in a 16 kb cluster that shares no sequence identity, regulation or organizational principles with SPI-1. Building this simplified system led to the discovery of essential roles for an internal start site (SpaO) and small RNA (InvR). Further, it can be controlled using synthetic regulatory circuits, including under SPI-1 repressing conditions. This work reveals an incredible post-transcriptional robustness in T3SS assembly and aids its control as a tool in biotechnology.
Truth-to-Estimate Ratio Mask: A Post-Processing Method for Speech Enhancement Direct at Low Signal-to-Noise Ratios (2020)

This study proposes a bi-directional recurrent neural network (Bi-RNN) post-processing method for speech enhancement (SE) at low signal-to noise ratios (SNR). Current speech enhancement solutions performed badly under low SNR situations. Loizou and Kim proposed a solution to reduce speech distortion errors in time-frequency (T-F) domain but it requires the knowledge of ground truth. As ground truth is unknown in real-life applications, the current study proposes to use a Bi-RNN to implement Loizou and Kim's solution as a post-processing method for SE engines. Our solutions do not require prior knowledge of ground truth. The effectiveness of the proposed method is investigated with a spectral subtraction (SS) SE engine, a non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) SE engine, and a deep neural network ideal ratio mask (DNN-IRM) SE engine, under matched/mis-matched noise and different SNR conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed post-processing method effectively improved both perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ) and short-time objective intelligibility (STOI) for all of these SE engines, especially at low SNR conditions.
Investigation of Chemical States for Pb of MSWI Residues (2007)

ストーカ式ごみ焼却炉から排出される焼却残渣に含有される微量元素Pbの化合物形態を, X線吸収微細構造法 (XAFS) を用いて解析した。焼却炉底灰に含まれるPbの化合物形態は, Pb2+の酸化物形態であり, 非晶質のPbSiO3を形成していると推測された。ボイラ灰はPb2+の塩化物あるいは炭酸化物と, 焼却炉底灰同様に非晶質のPbSiO3との混合物と推測された。減温塔灰は非晶質のPbSiO3のみを含み, 塩化物等の存在は確認されなかった。集塵灰では, 同じ工場でも排出される時期が異なると, Pbが塩化物形態の場合と, 非晶質のPbSiO3単独で存在することが示唆できた。
Filling the Tank: Keeping Antitumor T Cells Metabolically Fit for the Long Haul (2016)

Discoveries in tumor immunology and subsequent clinical advances in cancer immunotherapy have revealed that the immune system is not oblivious to tumor progression but heavily interacts with developing neoplasia and malignancy. A major factor preventing immune destruction is the establishment of a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which provides architecture to the tumor, supports indirect means of immunosuppression such as the recruitment of tolerogenic cells like regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), and represents a zone of metabolically dearth conditions. T-cell activation and consequent effector function are cellular states characterized by extreme metabolic demands, and activation in the context of insufficient metabolic substrates results in anergy or regulatory differentiation. Thus, T cells must endure both immunosuppression (co-inhibitory molecule ligation, regulatory T cells, and suppressive cytokines) but also a sort of metabolic suppression in the TME. Here I will review the general features of the TME, identify the metabolic demands of activated effector T cells, discuss the known metabolic checkpoints associated with intratumoral T cells, and propose strategies for generating superior antitumor T cells, whether in vitro for adoptive cell therapy or through in vivo reinvigoration of the existing immune response. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(12); 1001-6. ©2016 AACR.
Chemical states and electrical properties of a high-k metal oxide/silicon interface with oxygen-gettering titanium-metal-overlayer (2006)

The authors report on the chemical bonding structure of the HfO2∕Si (001) stack after the SiO2 interfacial layer (IL) is partially removed by a reactive titanium metal overlayer. Using synchrotron photoelectron spectroscopy, they found that ultrathin SiO2-like IL ∼6.5Å thick, which is significantly less than the initial SiO2 IL thickness of ∼15Å, exists at the HfO2∕Si interface with an overlying Ti electrode. The dissociated Si from SiO2 IL is believed to go onto Si substrate where it regrows epitaxially. The interfacial trap density of the Ti-electrode sample was extracted to be ∼1.6×1011eV−1cm−2 near the midgap of Si, which was comparable to that of the control sample with W electrode.
FIGURE 2 from Maternal Embryonic Leucine Zipper Kinase is Associated with Metastasis in Triple-negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Effect of MELK knockdown or overexpression on proliferation, motility, EMT, and CSC properties in TNBC cells. Effect of MELK knockdown or KO (&lt;b&gt;A&lt;/b&gt;) or overexpression (&lt;b&gt;B&lt;/b&gt;) on proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of TNBC cells. HCC70 and BT-549 cells (A, bottom left) were treated with two different siMELK sequences for 48 hours. MELK expression was then determined using Western blot analysis (top), and cell viability was determined using trypan blue exclusion assay (bottom left). In MELK KO MDA-MB-231 cells (A, bottom right), anchorage-independent growth was determined using soft-agar assay at week 3 following incubation. β-Actin was used as a loading control for Western blot analysis. SUM149 and SUM159 cells (B) were transfected with plasmids encoding WT &lt;i&gt;MELK&lt;/i&gt; gene or KD &lt;i&gt;MELK&lt;/i&gt; gene and cultured for 48 hours. MELK expression was then determined using Western blot analysis (top), and cell growth was determined using anchorage-independent growth assay (bottom). β-Actin was used as a loading control for Western blot analysis. Effect of MELK knockdown (&lt;b&gt;C&lt;/b&gt;) or overexpression (&lt;b&gt;D&lt;/b&gt;) on migration and invasion of TNBC cells. Cells were transfected with two different siMELK sequences for 72 hours or plasmids encoding WT &lt;i&gt;MELK&lt;/i&gt; gene or KD &lt;i&gt;MELK&lt;/i&gt; gene for 48 hours and then assayed for migration and invasion. &lt;b&gt;E,&lt;/b&gt; Effect of MELK knockdown on expression of EMT epithelial and mesenchymal markers in TNBC cells. Cells were treated with two different siMELK sequences for 48 hours, and then MELK expression was determined using Western blot analysis. α-Tubulin was used as a loading control. Effect of knockdown or KO (&lt;b&gt;F&lt;/b&gt;) or overexpression (&lt;b&gt;G&lt;/b&gt;) of MELK on mammosphere formation in TNBC cells. Cells were transfected with two different siMELK sequences or plasmids encoding WT &lt;i&gt;MELK&lt;/i&gt; gene or KD &lt;i&gt;MELK&lt;/i&gt; gene and 48 hours later were seeded for mammosphere formation. MELK KO clones were cultured for 7 days and then analyzed for mammosphere formation. &lt;b&gt;H,&lt;/b&gt; Effect of MELK knockdown on CD44&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;/CD24&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt; and ALDH1&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; subpopulations in TNBC cells. Cells were treated with two different siMELK sequences and 48 hours later subjected to flow cytometry analysis. In A and F, P15 indicates Cas9-p15 control cells; C3, MELK KO C3 clones; and C28, MELK KO C28 clones. In A–D, G, and F, data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. *, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05; **, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01; ***, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001; ****, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001.&lt;/p&gt;
Infrared and visible emission from electroluminescent device based on GaN:Er (2005)

We investigated the photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) properties of a GaN:Er based device. It was found that 1.54 µm PL spectra obtained with above- and below-band-gap excitation and the EL spectrum are similar. Green and infrared EL were observed at room temperature in the vicinity of the negatively biased contact. The voltage dependence of the EL intensity shows voltage thresholds of 12.5 V and 5 V for the green and infrared emissions respectively. The excitation mechanism seems to be the impact excitation of Er3+ ions by hot electrons, which are injected and accelerated by the electric field. However, above the voltage thresholds both emissions exhibit different dependencies on the applied voltage, indicating that the excitation mechanisms for both emissions are different. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Peer Group Accreditation of Psychotherapists (1991)

(1991). Peer Group Accreditation of Psychotherapists. Self & Society: Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 31-32.
Concurrent Blockade of α4-Integrin and CXCR4 in Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Mobilization (2009)

The important contributions of the alpha4 integrin VLA-4 and the CXCR4/SDF-1 axis in mobilization have been demonstrated and thereby, these pathways can be suggested as rational targets for clinical stem cell mobilization in the absence of cytokine use. alpha4-blockade alone (in humans, macaques and mice), or genetic ablation of alpha4-integrin in mice, provides reproducible, but modest mobilization. Similarly, CXCR4 blockade with small-molecule antagonists mobilizes hematopoietic stem cells in all three species, but at least with the established single-injection schedule, the mobilization efficiency is marginally sufficient for clinical purposes. Hypothesizing that the different molecular targets (alpha4-integrin vs. CXCR4) might allow for additive mobilization effects, we therefore tested the efficacy of the combination of alpha4-integrin blockade with anti-functional antibodies and CXCR4 blockade with the small-molecule inhibitor AMD3100 in macaques, or the combination of conditional alpha4-integrin ablation and AMD3100 in mice. Mobilization was at least additive. While the prolonged effects of alpha4-blocking antibodies may not be suitable for clinical mobilization, future availability of small-molecule alpha4-antagonists in combination with AMD3100 could provide an alternative to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.
A projection-based making-human-feel-safe human-robot cooperation system (2017)

When a person is working on a human-robot cooperation system, he or she tends to worry about possible collisions with the robot, because of a lack of internal information about the robot. This internal information is, for example, an awareness of a worker's presence or future robot motion. Knowing such internal information, he or she will feel safe since he or she can avoid possible collisions with the robot by foreseeing the motion of the robot. Therefore, this paper proposes a "projection-based making-human-feel-safe human-robot cooperation system" that not only ensures the safety of a human worker but also ensures that the worker feels safe when working with a robot by displaying the internal information of the robot using projection technology. To develop this system, a projector is utilised on a human-robot cooperation system to project the internal information. An elastic band framework was implemented to plan a safe path considering the position of the worker. Finally, an evaluation experiment was conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of the system.
Dictionary Learning and Sparse Coding on Grassmann Manifolds: An Extrinsic Solution (2013)

Recent advances in computer vision and machine learning suggest that a wide range of problems can be addressed more appropriately by considering non-Euclidean geometry. In this paper we explore sparse dictionary learning over the space of linear subspaces, which form Riemannian structures known as Grassmann manifolds. To this end, we propose to embed Grassmann manifolds into the space of symmetric matrices by an isometric mapping, which enables us to devise a closed-form solution for updating a Grassmann dictionary, atom by atom. Furthermore, to handle non-linearity in data, we propose a kernelised version of the dictionary learning algorithm. Experiments on several classification tasks (face recognition, action recognition, dynamic texture classification) show that the proposed approach achieves considerable improvements in discrimination accuracy, in comparison to state-of-the-art methods such as kernelised Affine Hull Method and graph-embedding Grassmann discriminant analysis.
Abstract 15957: Trends in Practice and Outcomes From 2011-2015 for Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement - Update From the German Aortic Valve Registry on 42,776 Patients (2017)

Introduction: Surgical aortic valve replacement (sAVR) is in focus in the presence of alternative, less invasive approaches. The purpose of this analysis was to characterize current trends of patie...
Cyclooxygenase-2 overexpression correlates with tumour recurrence, especially haematogenous metastasis, of colorectal cancer (2000)

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), known to inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX), reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. COX is a key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, and two isoforms of COX, COX-1 and COX-2, have been identified. Recently COX-2 has been reported to frequently overexpress in colorectal neoplasms and to play a role in colorectal tumorigenesis and tumour progression. In this study, using immunohistochemistry, we examined COX-2 expression in advanced human colorectal cancer and its correlation with clinicopathological features. COX-2 expression was observed mainly in the cytoplasm of cancer cells in all the specimens examined, but some stromal cells and endothelial cells were also stained. According to the grade of COX-2 expression of the cancer cells, patients were divided into high- and low-COX-2 expression groups. High-COX-2 expression significantly correlated with tumour recurrence, especially haematogenous metastasis. These results suggest that a selective COX-2 inhibitor can be a novel class of therapeutic agents not only for tumorigenesis but also for haematogenous metastasis of colorectal cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the correlation between COX-2 overexpression and recurrence of colorectal cancer.
Wear of Selected Oxide Ceramics and Coatings (2005)

The use of oxide ceramics and coatings for moving mechanical components operating in high-temperature, oxidizing environments creates a need to define the tribological performance and durability of these materials. Results of research focusing on the wear behavior and properties of Al2O3/ZrO2 (Y2O3) eutectics and coatings under dry sliding conditions are discussed. The importance of microstructure and composition on wear properties of directionally solidified oxide eutectics is illustrated. Wear data of selected oxide-, nitride-, and carbide-based ceramics and coatings are given for temperatures up to 973K in air.