gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Image processing and display of 3D intra-coronary ultrasound images (2002)

Multiplanar reformatting and three-dimensional (3-D) projection displays provide new ways to visually interrogate image data that may assist in their qualitative and quantitative interpretation. The authors describe the methods and preliminary results of these image processing techniques applied to in vivo intra-coronary images. Preliminary results using temporal domain and several anisotropic filters are discussed. A radial gradient filter for boundary detection of the medial-adventitial interface is presented. Maximum intensity projection displays are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Forensic Analysis Reveals Acute Decompensation of Chronic Heart Failure in a 3500‐Year‐Old Egyptian Dignitary (2016)

Naturally preserved and embalmed bodies from archeological contexts represent a powerful source of information for forensic investigators. They allow one to ascertain pathology, cause of death, to enhance diagnostic methodology, and to improve the analysis of altered remains. We investigated the complete head and lung remnants of a 3,500-year-old Egyptian dignitary by radiological, microscopic, and genetic approaches. The individual, a middle-aged male, suffered from severe periodontitis, mild atherosclerosis, and experienced cardiogenic pulmonary insufficiency with recurrent mini-bleeds and pulmonary edema. Histology and ancient DNA analyses excluded the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis or of any other pathogenic species. Based on our collection of evidence, we propose that acute decompensation complicating chronic cardiac insufficiency was the likely cause of death. The underlying causes for this failure remain unknown although chronic hypertension appears to be the most likely candidate. Our finding represents the earliest reported case of chronic heart failure in ancient mummies.
Spatial distribution of O(supra 1D) from Comet Halley (1987)

Images of Comet Halley in (OI)6300A emission obtained using a 150 mm Fabry-Perot spectrometer in the imaging mode were combined with spectra taken in the scanning mode to deduce the distribution of cometary O(1D) within a 10 arc min field of view centered on the comet head. The 10 km/sec bandpass of the system allows the distribution to be measured with little contamination from airglow O(1D) and cometary NH2 lines in the nearby spectrum. The results are modeled to provide photodestruction scale lengths for cometary H2O and OH, the predominant parents of O(1D). Results are compared with other experimental and theoretical results.
Auger effect in nonpolar quantum wells (2012)

Optical polarization properties of nonpolar quantum wells and their efficiency droop at high charge carrier densities are discussed. Therefore, a photoluminescence experiment connecting both characteristics is presented. The additional property of polarization resolution provides information about the two lowest interband transitions and the occupation of holes in the two highest valence subbands. The ratio of occupation in the two subbands is a direct projection of the Fermi-Dirac statistics. Because of the carrier dependency of the Auger losses, the quantum well internal efficiency drops in the high charge carrier regime. Here, we observe that the peak of the internal quantum efficiency of the individual subband occurs at different excitation densities as a direct consequence of the Fermi-Dirac statistics.
Enhanced Counter Air Projectile (2004)

The increasing need for technologically advanced weaponry that can be easily integrated into the current armed forces has led to the development of the LP4. The LP4 is an Enhanced Counter Air Projectile that can be fired from the current MK44 weapon system avalible on diverse launch platforms. The similarity between the LP4 and current 40 mm rounds allows for easy integration into the field. The LP4 has the same diameter as current rounds and requires the same packaging and skill to operate. These similarities, however, do not affect the performance of the LP4. Despite its outward likeness to the current rounds, it has an advanced guidance package that delivers a high level of accuracy. It is low in manufacturing costs due to the utilization of standard off-the-shelf parts. For these reasons and more, the LP4 is a powerful asset to the armed forces.
Industrial synthesis of cysteine derivatives (2008)

Comunicacion presentada en European Research Conference: Organic Electrochemistry: Moving Towards Clean and Selective Synthesis, Agelonde-La Londe Les Maures, April 15-19, 1998.
Molecular diagnosis of sarcomas: chromosomal translocations in sarcomas. (2006)

In addition to, and complementing, the traditional diagnostic methods of examination of hematoxylin-eosin stained slides, immunohistochemistry, and sound clinical-pathologic correlation, additional cytogenetic and molecular biologic methods are being increasingly utilized and relied on in sarcoma pathology. These methods include chromosomal karyotyping, fluorescence in-situ hybridization, spectral karyotyping, and polymerase chain reaction- based methods for demonstrating specific chromosomal translocations and fusion genes. Understanding the basis of these methods and their application is critical to better provide accurate and validated specific diagnoses of sarcomas.
Exosomes in Toxicology: Relevance to Chemical Exposure and Pathogenesis of Environmentally Linked Diseases (2017)

Chronic exposure to environmental toxins has been known to initiate or aggravate various neurological disorders, carcinomas and other adverse health effects. Uptake by naïve cells of pathogenic factors such as danger-associated molecules, mRNAs, miRNAs or aggregated proteins leads to disruption in cellular homeostasis further resulting in inflammation and disease propagation. Although early research tended to focus solely on exosomal removal of unwanted cellular contents, more recent reports indicate that these nano-vesicles play an active role in intercellular signaling. Not only is the exosomal cargo cell type-specific, but it also differs between healthy and dying cells. Moreover, following exosome uptake by naïve cells, the contents from these vesicles can alter the fate of recipient cells. Since exosomes can traverse long distances, they can influence distantly located cells and tissues. This review briefly explores the role played by environmental toxins in stimulating exosome release in the context of progressive neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's, as well as certain cancers such as lung, liver, ovarian, and tracheal carcinomas.
Estradiol Regulates mRNA Levels of Estrogen Receptor Beta 4 and Beta 5 Isoforms and Modulates Human Granulosa Cell Apoptosis (2021)

Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) plays a critical role in granulosa cell (GC) functions. The existence of four human ERβ splice isoforms in the ovary suggests their differential implication in 17β-estradiol (E2) actions on GC apoptosis causing follicular atresia. In this study, we investigated whether E2 can regulate ERβ isoforms expression to fine tune its apoptotic activities in human GC. For this purpose, we measured by RT-qPCR the expression of ERβ isoforms in primary culture of human granulosa cells (hGCs) collected from patients undergoing in vitro fertilization, before and after E2 exposure. Besides, we assessed the potential role of ERβ isoforms on cell growth and apoptosis after their overexpression in a human GC line (HGrC1 cells). We confirmed that ERβ1, ERβ2, ERβ4, and ERβ5 isoform mRNAs were predominant over that of ERα in hGCs, and found that E2 selectively regulates mRNA levels of ERβ4 and ERβ5 isoforms in these cells. In addition, we demonstrated that overexpression of ERβ1 and ERβ4 in HGrC1 cells increased cell apoptosis by 225% while ERβ5 or ERβ2 had no effect. Altogether, our study revealed that E2 may influence GC fate by specifically regulating the relative abundance of ERβ isoforms mRNA to modulate the balance between pro-apoptotic and non-apoptotic ERβ isoforms.
REARFOOT ANGLE VELOCITIES DURING RUNNING - A COMPARISON BETWEEN OPTOELECTRONIC AND GYROSCOPIC MOTION ANALYSIS (2011)

The aim of this study was a verification of a gyroscopic measurement device mounted on the heel counter of a running shoe. For this purpose 15 subjects performed 10 running
trials in a laboratory environment. Rearfoot angular velocities from the gyroscope were compared qualitatively and quantitatively to rearfoot angular velocities observed with a
3D motion analysis system (VICON). Based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis the results are very good in the sagittal plane, good in the frontal plane and poor in the transverse plane.
Skin Temperature Measurement in Acute Neurotrauma: The Unknown Tool (2023)

Human body temperature has physiological and deleterious implications. The reflection of temperature is from dysfunction at the metabolic level to dysfunction of organs. Body temperature is one of the key vital signs for homeostasis. The brain is one of the key locations where temperature fluctuation can lead to a major clinical impact on the body. As a matter of fact, the brain controls body temperature through the central controller in the hypothalamus. The brain is susceptible to injury even with small systemic changes in temperature. The development of fever due to systemic causes has been considered a factor associated with the core approach for critically ill patients.
Plasma neurofilament light levels show elevation prior to diagnosis of sporadic motor neuron disease in the UK Biobank cohort (2023)

Abstract Objective Motor neuron disease (MND) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease with profound unmet need. In pre-symptomatic mutation carriers, elevations in neurofilament light (NfL) precede symptom onset, however, the presence and timing of elevation is much more difficult to study in sporadic cases. Methods Using the UK Biobank cohort, we tested whether plasma NfL predicted risk of diagnosis of sporadic MND using survival analysis. Results We identified 241 MND patients with pre-diagnosis NfL data, of which 203 (84%) lacked predicted loss of function or deleterious missense variants in established ALS genes. A total of 42,752 controls without MND were obtained from a random sample of UK Biobank participants. At two years pre-diagnosis, we found that NfL levels in patients exceeded the 95 th percentile of controls and that patients could be discriminated from controls at high accuracy (AUC = 0.95 (95% CI 0.89-1.01)). In participants with hospital record follow-up after study enrollment, a 2-fold increase in NfL levels was associated with a 3.4 fold risk of receiving an MND diagnosis per year (95% CI 2.9-3.9, P = 4 × 10 −64 )). Discussion Our findings show that NfL can identify sporadic MND as early as 2 years prior to diagnosis.
Translational suppression of syndecan-1 expression in Ha-ras transformed mouse mammary epithelial cells. (1993)

A cell surface proteoglycan, syndecan-1, has been shown to participate in the maintenance of the epithelial cell morphology. A point mutated activated c-Ha-ras gene under the control of the glucocorticoid inducible MMTV-LTR promoter was transfected into the mouse mammary epithelial cell line, NOG-8. The NOG-8 ras cells were used to study changes in syndecan-1 expression during epithelial transformation. NOG-8 ras cells, when induced to express Ha-ras, transformed and formed foci in monolayer cultures and colonies in suspension cultures. Expression of syndecan-1 at the cell surface was markedly reduced in cells showing the transformed phenotype. The accumulation of newly synthesized core protein of syndecan-1 was suppressed in these cells, whereas mRNA levels remained unchanged. This novel finding indicates that syndecan-1 expression is translationally suppressed in the Ha-ras-transformed epithelial cells. Hence, syndecan-1 loss during epithelial transformation could take place without altering syndecan gene transcription and, on the other hand, could be one of the critical events involved in malignant transformation.
In vitro and in vivo characterization of SARS-CoV-2 strains resistant to nirmatrelvir (2023)

Nirmatrelvir, an oral antiviral agent that targets a SARS-CoV-2 main protease (3CLpro), is clinically useful against infection with SARS-CoV-2 including its omicron variants. Since most omicron subvariants have reduced sensitivity to many monoclonal antibody therapies, potential SARS-CoV-2 resistance to nirmatrelvir is a major public health concern. Several amino acid substitutions have been identified as being responsible for reduced susceptibility to nirmatrelvir. Among them, we selected L50F/E166V and L50F/E166A/L167F in the 3CLpro because these combinations of substitutions are unlikely to affect virus fitness. We prepared and characterized delta variants possessing Nsp5-L50F/E166V and Nsp5-L50F/E166A/L167F. Both mutant viruses showed decreased susceptibility to nirmatrelvir and their growth in VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells was delayed. Both mutant viruses showed attenuated phenotypes in a male hamster infection model, maintained airborne transmissibility, and were outcompeted by wild-type virus in co-infection experiments in the absence of nirmatrelvir, but less so in the presence of the drug. These results suggest that viruses possessing Nsp5-L50F/E166V and Nsp5-L50F/E166A/L167F do not become dominant in nature. However, it is important to closely monitor the emergence of nirmatrelvir-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants because resistant viruses with additional compensatory mutations could emerge, outcompete the wild-type virus, and become dominant.
The diagnostic potential of multimodal neuroimaging measures in Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonism (2020)

We suggest the fusion of multimodal neuroimaging measures as an effective strategy that could generally cope with diverse prediction problems of clinical concerns.
Real-Time Demonstration of Antenna Effects on Emulated Wireless Capsule Endoscope Links (2020)

A real-time over-the-air video transfer platform is developed for a wireless capsule endoscope scenario. With this platform, we aim at providing an intuitive and instant understanding of antenna effects on both quantitative and qualitative radio link performance, e.g., on video image quality, on bit error rate (BER) and on constellation diagrams of digital modulation. The platform consists of a host computer and a universal software-defined peripheral, complemented with an endoscope capsule mockup including an antenna, a liquid body phantom for creating a realistic inbody-to-onbody radio link scenario and an on-body antenna. The antennas operate at 433 MHz, while the liquid mimics the complex permittivity of colon tissue at that frequency range. Uncoded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with 2.3 MHz bandwidth is adopted as a physical layer. Footage of the real-time demonstration is available from the link in [1] and shows the clear effects on radio link performance when 1) the distance of the capsule antenna from the wall of the liquid phantom is increased, and 2) when capsule antenna is moved out of the liquid phantom. In both cases, disruption of the video images is observed, due to an increased BER. The BER plots are reproduced in this paper as evidence. The demonstration has been used for post-graduate education to deepen students’ understanding of the importance of antenna design, while the same benefit may be expected when showing the video to clinical experts who operate capsule endoscopes.
Thin film lithium-based batteries and electrochromic devices fabricated with nanocomposite electrode materials (2023)

Thin-film lithium-based batteries and electrochromic devices (10) are fabricated with positive electrodes (12) comprising a nanocomposite material composed of lithiated metal oxide nanoparticles (40) dispersed in a matrix composed of lithium tungsten oxide.
Examination of Crystal Orientation in Green Compact and Sintered Nd-Fe-B Magnets by X-ray Diffraction. (2003)

In order to investigate the texture formation of Nd-Fe-B system sintered magnet, 006 Miller indices pole figures of (Nd⋅Dy)2Fe14B phase were measured for as-compacted sample and for as-sintered one by X-ray diffraction. The degree of preferred orientation P was estimated by the integration of the product between the normalized diffraction intensity IN and cosα, which α is the inclined angle between the direction of the applied magnetic field and that of the magnetic moment in each grain. As a result, P had good corelation with the remanence Br in sintered sample. P in as-compacted sample was always lower than that in as-sintered one. The difference between as-sintered state and as-compacted state was largest when the magnetic field was 0.2T.
ChemInform Abstract: New Elements in the Representation of the Logical Structure of Chemistry by Qualitative Mathematical Models and Corresponding Data Structures (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Relation between palm and finger cortical representations in primary somatosensory cortex: A 7T fMRI study (2021)

Many studies focused on the cortical representations of fingers, while the palm is relatively neglected despite its importance for hand function. Here, we investigated palm representation (PR) and its relationship with finger representations (FRs) in primary somatosensory cortex (S1). Few studies in humans suggested that PR is located medially with respect to FRs in S1, yet to date, no study directly quantified the somatotopic organization of PR and the five FRs. Importantly, the link between the somatotopic organization of PR and FRs and their activation properties remains largely unexplored. Using 7T fMRI, we mapped PR and the five FRs at the single subject level. First, we analyzed the cortical distance between PR and FRs to determine their somatotopic organization. Results show that PR was located medially with respect to D5. Second, we tested whether the observed cortical distances would predict the relationship between PR and FRs activations. Using three complementary measures (cross-activations, pattern similarity and resting-state connectivity), we show that the relationship between PR and FRs activations were not determined by their somatotopic organization, that is, there was no gradient moving from D5 to D1, except for resting-state connectivity, which was predicted by the somatotopy. Instead, we show that the representational geometry of PR and FRs activations reflected the physical structure of the hand. Collectively, our findings suggest that the spatial proximity between topographically organized neuronal populations do not necessarily predicts their functional properties, rather the structure of the sensory space (e.g., the hand shape) better describes the observed results.
Green transmission technologies for balancing the energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency trade-off (2014)

As 4G wireless networks are vastly and rapidly deployed worldwide, 5G with its advanced vision of all connected world and zero distance communications is already at the corner. Along with the super quality of user experience brought by these new networks, the shockingly increasing energy consumption of wireless networks has become a worrying economic issue for operators and a big challenge for sustainable development. Green Transmission Technologies (GTT) is a project focusing on the energy-efficient design of physical-layer transmission technologies and MAC-layer radio resource management in wireless networks. In particular, fundamental tradeoffs between spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency have been identified and explored for energy-efficiency-oriented design and optimization. In this article, four selected GTT solutions are introduced, focusing on how they utilize the degrees of freedom in different resource domains, as well as how they balance the tradeoff between energy and spectrum efficiency. On top of the elaboration of separated solutions, the GTT toolbox is introduced as a systematic tool and unified simulation platform to integrate the proposed GTT solutions together.
Evaluation de la catalyse à l’or dans la chimie des ions N-acyliminiums : application à la synthèse one-pot de composés polycycliques azotés (2013)

AGrâce a sa forte carbophilie, l’or est devenu en quelques annees un metal de choix pour la formation de liaisons C-C et C-X (X = O, N, S). Par ailleurs, sa capacite a activer des heteroatomes (acidite σ-Lewis) a ete reconnue egalement et justifiee par de nombreux exemples de transformations de substrats carbonyles, imines, alcools π-actives et epoxydes. Dans le contexte de la recherche de methodes economiques et respectueuses de l'environnement dans le domaine de la chimie des ions N-acyliminiums, nous nous sommes interesses a la capacite de l’or a promouvoir la formation des ions N-acyliminiums. Dans une premiere partie de ce travail, nous avons montre que l'acidite de type σ-Lewis de sels cationiques d’or (I) et (III) pouvait etre exploitee pour catalyser efficacement la substitution nucleophile de divers alcoxy-et acetoxylactames, precurseurs d’ions N-acyliminiums. La reaction est compatible avec une large gamme de nucleophiles, incluant notamment l'allyltrimethylsilane, les ethers d'enols silyles, les arenes et les derives de methylenes actifs. Dans un second temps, les deux caracteres carbophile et oxophile des catalyseurs a l’or ont ete combines dans un processus cascade α-amidoalkylation/hydroarylation. Une seconde approche multicatalytique (acide de Bronsted – acide de Lewis) a ensuite ete developpee comme alternative pour pallier a certaines limites du systeme « tout or ». Ces sequences reactionnelles one-pot permettent d’acceder de facon rapide et efficace a un large panel de composes polycycliques fusionnes a partir de matieres triviales.
Low Complexity Radar Gesture Recognition Using Synthetic Training Data (2022)

Developments in radio detection and ranging (radar) technology have made hand gesture recognition feasible. In heat map-based gesture recognition, feature images have a large size and require complex neural networks to extract information. Machine learning methods typically require large amounts of data and collecting hand gestures with radar is time- and energy-consuming. Therefore, a low computational complexity algorithm for hand gesture recognition based on a frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar and a synthetic hand gesture feature generator are proposed. In the low computational complexity algorithm, two-dimensional Fast Fourier Transform is implemented on the radar raw data to generate a range-Doppler matrix. After that, background modelling is applied to separate the dynamic object and the static background. Then a bin with the highest magnitude in the range-Doppler matrix is selected to locate the target and obtain its range and velocity. The bins at this location along the dimension of the antenna can be utilised to calculate the angle of the target using Fourier beam steering. In the synthetic generator, the Blender software is used to generate different hand gestures and trajectories and then the range, velocity and angle of targets are extracted directly from the trajectory. The experimental results demonstrate that the average recognition accuracy of the model on the test set can reach 89.13% when the synthetic data are used as the training set and the real data are used as the test set. This indicates that the generation of synthetic data can make a meaningful contribution in the pre-training phase.
Concordance and discordance in SLE clinical trial outcome measures: analysis of three anifrolumab phase 2/3 trials (2022)

NCT02446912 and NCT02446899.