gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fission fragment damage in crystalline phases possibly formed in solidified radioactive waste (1982)

Abstract Radiation damage induced by fission fragments has been studied qualitatively, mainly by powder X-ray diffraction, in several crystalline phases which might occur in radioactive waste solidified by ceramic methods. The phases were synthesized by ceramic techniques and contained depleted or enriched uranium. Reactor irradiation induced fission fragment damage. Oxides such as MgO, α-AI2O3, Fe2O3, ThO2, Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2, and Y2O3 did not show observable structural changes after irradiation with 1015–1016 fission events cm-3.However CaTiO3 CaZrTi2O7, LaPO4, CePO4, ThSiO4 (huttonite), ZrSiO4 and YPO4, all phases which could incorporate actinides, were rendered amorphous after irradiation with 1015-1016 fission events-cm−3. After similar irradiations, TiO2 (rutile) and three of four uranates observed as minor phases, namely U3O8, Sr2U3O11 and MgUO4, were also rendered amorphous; Y2O3-nUO3 (n=l/3 or 2/3) was not noticeably affected. Virtually no structural effects were observed at lower fluences of ∼1014 fission events-cm−3 for SrMoO4, BaAl2TisO14, SrAl2Si2O8 and Ca2La8 (SiO4)6O2. Preliminary studies were made of the action of deionized water at 200°C on unirradiated and X-ray amorphous (irradiated) CaZrTi2O7, CePO4, ThSiO4 (huttonite) and YPO4. The irradiated huttonite and xenotime showed enhanced alteration effects relative to the unirradiated materials, but this was not the case for zircono-lite or monazite. These results are discussed from an atomistic aspect where possible and the relevance of the results to solidified radioactive wastes pointed out.
The Bordetella adenylate cyclase repeat-in-toxin (RTX) domain is immunodominant and elicits neutralizing antibodies. (2015)

The Bordetella adenylate cyclase repeat
Safety of 6′‐sialyllactose (6′‐SL) sodium salt produced by a derivative strain (Escherichia coli NEO6) of E. coli W (ATCC 9637) as a Novel Food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283 (2023)

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL) sodium salt as a novel food (NF) pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. The NF is mainly composed of the human-identical milk oligosaccharide (HiMO) 6'-SL (sodium salt), but it also contains sialic acid, d-glucose, d-lactose, 6'-sialyllactulose sodium salt, 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) sodium salt and a small fraction of other related saccharides. The NF is produced by fermentation by a genetically modified strain (<i>Escherichia coli</i> NEO6) of <i>E. coli</i> W (ATCC 9637). The information provided on the identity, manufacturing process, composition and specifications of the NF does not raise safety concerns. The applicant intends to add the NF to a variety of foods, including infant formula and follow-on formula, food for special medical purposes and food supplements (FS). The target population is the general population. The applicant applies for the same uses and use levels already assessed for 6'-SL sodium salt produced by fermentation by a genetically modified strain of <i>E. coli</i> K-12 DH1. Therefore, since the NF would be consumed at the same extent as the already assessed 6'-SL sodium salt, no new estimates of the intake have been carried out. Similarly, FS are not intended to be used if other foods with added 6'-SL or human milk are consumed on the same day. The Panel concludes that the NF is safe under the proposed conditions of use.
Tomato Expression Database (TED): a suite of data presentation and analysis tools (2005)

The Tomato Expression Database (TED) includes three integrated components. The Tomato Microarray Data Warehouse serves as a central repository for raw gene expression data derived from the public tomato cDNA microarray. In addition to expression data, TED stores experimental design and array information in compliance with the MIAME guidelines and provides web interfaces for researchers to retrieve data for their own analysis and use. The Tomato Microarray Expression Database contains normalized and processed microarray data for ten time points with nine pair-wise comparisons during fruit development and ripening in a normal tomato variety and nearly isogenic single gene mutants impacting fruit development and ripening. Finally, the Tomato Digital Expression Database contains raw and normalized digital expression (EST abundance) data derived from analysis of the complete public tomato EST collection containing >150,000 ESTs derived from 27 different non-normalized EST libraries. This last component also includes tools for the comparison of tomato and Arabidopsis digital expression data. A set of query interfaces and analysis, and visualization tools have been developed and incorporated into TED, which aid users in identifying and deciphering biologically important information from our datasets. TED can be accessed at http://ted.bti.cornell.edu.
Mixing of supersonic plasma jets (2002)

The objective of the present work is to predict the profile of the shock front formed by the interaction of two identical parallel diverging supersonic plasma jets. Line source models were assumed, and the differential equations describing the front location and plasma transport were formulated and solved numerically for two angular distributions of the plasma flux from each source: (a) isotropic plasma distribution; and (b) the plasma flow confined within a cone. The streamlines of the two plasma jets diverge before the front and are parallel behind it. The interaction of the identical jets forms two symmetrical shock fronts which bound an interdiffusion zone. The form of the front is determined by the divergence of the jets and by the distance between their sources. For the isotropic jets, the shock fronts bound a jet interaction region which proceeds from the source plane, while the conical jets form a shock front with a head point at a distance from the source plane determined by the apex angle of the cones. The maximum angle of the front inclination at the head point of the shock wave is determined only by the plasma properties. For two conical plasma jets with an ion temperature of 10/sup 4/ K, a jet velocity of 10/sup 4/ m s/sup -/ 1, and initial densities of 10/sup 17/ and 16/sup 18/ m/sup -3/ corresponding to a Mach number of 10 and Knudsen numbers of 0.04 and 0.4 respectively, the partial and total density distribution in the diffusion zone was found. The ion distribution is not homogeneous. The most homogeneous distribution was obtained with the initial density of 10/sup 17/ m/sup -3/. In this case the partial densities in a plane 10 times the source separation distance have peak of 0.25 time the density at the head point of the shock wave, which is displaced from the axis of symmetry by 0.4 times the source separation distance.
Association Rule Pattern Mining Approaches Network Anomaly Detection (2015)

The research area for intrusion detection is becoming growth with new challenges of attack day by<br> day. Intrusion detection system includes identifying a set of malicious actions that compromise the integrity,<br> confidentiality, and availability of information resources. The major objective of this paper is to apply<br> association rule pattern mining approaches for network intrusion detection system. In this paper, traditional FP-<br> growth algorithm, one of the association algorithms is modified and used to mine itemsets from large database.<br> The required statistics from large databases are gathered into a smaller data structure (FP-tree). The itemsets<br> generated from FP-tree are used as profiles to check anomaly detection in the proposed system.
The performance of a FH/MFSK link in a Poisson field of interferers (1990)

Results on the modeling of interference in a radio communication network are presented, and performance measures for the link are given as a function of the distance for frequency hopping with M-ary frequency shift keying (FH/MFSK). It is assumed that a transmitter-receiver pair in a radio network is affected by a set of interferers, whose positions are modeled as a Poisson field in the plane. Assuming a 1/r/sup 4/ propagation power loss law, the probability of symbol error and the link capacity as a function of the distance between the transmitter and receiver are obtained. It is found that the symbol error probability is not dependent on the synchronization of the hopping times of the different users.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
An Algorithm to Improve the Speed of Semi and Non-specific Enzyme Searches in Proteomics (2020)

We report a speedy non-specific enzyme search algorithm which is open-source and enables search programs to utilize fragment-ion redundancy to achieve a notable increase in search speed.
Product Design and Emotion: Frameworks, Methods, and Case Studies (2012)

Successful product design meets or exceeds the emotional needs of users, beyond utility and quality. Likewise, successful product design applies the knowledge of aesthetics, beyond technologies, features, and ease of use. This Discussion Panel will offer three topics by each speaker to the audience: 1) Framework: What framework(s) describe the world of affective or emotional design of products? 2) Method: What design research method(s) are used to measure emotional reactions to designs? 3) Case Study: What product design(s) exemplify the frameworks, methods, and/or otherwise highlight a successful product design? At the end of the session, attendees will have at least five frameworks, five research methods, and five case studies of exemplary products for inspiration in their work and research.
Abstract 17241: Conversion of Recurrent Arrhythmia by the Wearable Cardioverter-defibrillator (2015)

Background: Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) due to ventricular tachycardia (VT) or fibrillation (VF) reportedly reoccurs after an initial successful defibrillation in 60% or more of patients (pts). First responder programs have been associated with 25-71% return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and 73% survival to hospital admission when pts require additional, more than one, defibrillation treatment shock. Although VT/VF SCA occurring in wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) pts has a 98% first shock success and 94% survival, the incidence and outcomes of recurrent VT/VF after an initial, successful shock is unknown. Methods: The ZOLL registry of WCD pts was used to identify 1,219 USA pts appropriately treated from Oct 2009 through Aug 2014. Pts were included if they met the following: Group A, 1 shock in response to a detection cycle triggered by a single VT/VF episode; Group B, 1 shock in response to the first of two consecutive detection cycles, and 1 or more appropriate shocks delivered in response to a second, recurring VT/VF episode. Results: There were 1,145 pts successfully converted with the first shock to VT/VF. Of these, 846 (74%) did not have VT/VF recurrence (Group A), while 299 (26%) were defibrillated again for recurrent VT/VF (Group B), with a median time between treatments of 71 minutes. Demographic and clinical characteristics of Group A and Group B differed only in the frequency of implantable cardioverter defibrillator explant pts (p&lt;.01), which was increased 2-fold in Group B. First shock efficacy among Group A was high with 97% conversion success and 92% acute survival observed. Among Group B pts the recurring VT/VF shock conversion (97%) and acute survival (92%) was not significantly different, and conversion success was independent of the elapsed time between episodes. Deaths in Group B were primarily associated with a shorter elapsed time (10 minutes or less) between new VT/VF episodes (Pearson’s correlation 0.99). Conclusions: A smaller fraction of WCD pts (26%) experience recurrent VT/VF than reported during first responder resuscitation. Conversion success of recurrent VT/VF among WCD pts was 97% and independent of the elapsed time between VT/VF episodes. SCA survival regardless of VT/VF recurrence was high, 92%.
Mixture of ammonia and helium as a carrier gas for capillary gas chromatography (1993)

Abstract A mixture of ammonia and helium was used as a carrier gas for capillary gas chromatographic analysis of aliphatic amines and dichlorophenols. The peak symmetry for aliphatic amines was drastically improved when the percentage of ammonia was 5–30%. The symmetry continued to improve, although less drastically, between 30–100%ammonia. The capacity factors of the amines decreased with increasing ammonia content up to 100%. 2,5‐Dichlorophenol and 2,6‐dichlorophenol could not be resolved when helium alone was used as the mobile phase with a column of intermediate polarity (cyanopropylmethylphenylsilicone). Complete separation was, however, achieved by increasing the ammonia content in the carrier gas to 50%. The ratio of the capacity factors (k' NH 3 /k' He ) for the dichlorophenols increased linearly with increasing ammonia percentage up to 100% on the methylsilicone and cyanopropylmethylphenylsilicone columns.
Carboxylic acids and esters (1996)

T. Ladduwahetty, Contemp. Org. Synth., 1996, 3, 243 DOI: 10.1039/CO9960300243
ChemInform Abstract: Comparing Well‐Defined Manganese, Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel Ketone Hydrosilylation Catalysts (2014)

Abstract Review: [34 refs.
Low Frequency Noise Degradation in 45 nm High-k nMOSFETs due to Hot Carrier and Constant Voltage Stress (2009)

Hafnium based materials are the leading candidates to replace conventional SiON as the gate dielectric in complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor devices. Hot carrier and constant voltage stress induced 1/f noise behavior is presented for HfSiON nMOSFETs. The additional low‐frequency noise introduced through stressing was evaluated on nMOSFETs with TiN metal gate and HfSiON gate dielectric. Nitridation of HfSiO was achieved either by high temperature thermal nitridation or by relatively lower temperature plasma nitridation. The difference in stress induced noise behavior is attributed to the nitrogen profile across high‐k/Si interface and bulk of high‐k gate oxide caused by different nitridation techniques.
Harnessing transcriptionally driven chromosomal instability adaptation to target therapy-refractory lethal prostate cancer (2023)

Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) inevitably acquires resistance to standard therapy preceding lethality. Here, we unveil a chromosomal instability (CIN) tolerance mechanism as a therapeutic vulnerability of therapy-refractory lethal PCa. Through genomic and transcriptomic analysis of patient datasets, we find that castration and chemotherapy-resistant tumors display the highest CIN and mitotic kinase levels. Functional genomics screening coupled with quantitative phosphoproteomics identify MASTL kinase as a survival vulnerability specific of chemotherapy-resistant PCa cells. Mechanistically, MASTL upregulation is driven by transcriptional rewiring mechanisms involving the non-canonical transcription factors androgen receptor splice variant 7 and E2F7 in a circuitry that restrains deleterious CIN and prevents cell death selectively in metastatic therapy-resistant PCa cells. Notably, MASTL pharmacological inhibition re-sensitizes tumors to standard therapy and improves survival of pre-clinical models. These results uncover a targetable mechanism promoting high CIN adaptation and survival of lethal PCa.
Thermal conductivity manipulation in lithographically patterned single crystal silicon phononic crystal structures. (2016)

Abstract not provided.
Efficient search with an ensemble of heuristics (2015)

Recently, a number of papers have shown that for many domains, using multiple heuristics in independent searches performs better than combining them into a single heuristic. Furthermore, using a large number of weak heuristics could potentially eliminate the need for the careful design of a few. The standard approach to distribute computation in these multi-heuristic searches is to rotate through the heuristics in a round-robin fashion. However, this strategy can be inefficient especially in the case when only a few of the heuristics are leading to progress. In this paper, we present two principled methods to adaptively distribute computation time among the different searches of the Multi-Heuristic A* algorithm. The first method, Meta-A*, constructs and searches a meta-graph, which represents the problem of finding the best heuristic as the problem of minimizing the total number of expansions. The second treats the scheduling of searches with different heuristics as a multi-armed bandit problem. It applies Dynamic Thompson Sampling (DTS) to keep track of what searches are making progress the most and continuously recomputes the schedule of searches based on this information. We provide a theoretical analysis and compare our new strategies with the round-robin method on a 12-DOF full-body motion planning problem and on sliding tile puzzle problems. In these experiments, we used up to 20 heuristics and observed a several times speedup without loss in solution quality.
Dynamic magnetization changes in laminated Permalloy films (1993)

Laminated soft magnetic films separated by nonmagnetic interlayers have edge-curling walls (ECWs) at the pattern edge. The authors have investigated dynamic magnetization changes near the ECW in strip-shaped laminated Permalloy films. Observation results obtained by scanning Kerr effect microscope at 10 MHz show the unique magnetization behavior-that is, inactive (weak Kerr signal) regions at the strip edges and magnetization change peaks inside the inactive regions. The edge region is observed as the inactive region under an excitation field smaller than the switching field in the ECW. According to the magnetization change calculation, the peak appears because the magnetization near the ECW shows a different behavior depending on the external field direction. Further examination shows that the ratio of the active region width in the actual strip width is changed by the layer configuration.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Viscous deformation of unconsolidated reservoir sands—Part 2: Linear viscoelastic models (2004)

Abstract Laboratory creep experiments show that dry unconsolidated reservoir sands follow a power law function of time (at constant stress), and cyclic loading tests (at quasi-static frequencies of 10−6 to 10−2 Hz) show that the bulk modulus increases by a factor of two with increasing frequency while attenuation remains constant. In this paper, we attempt to model these observations using linear viscoelasticity theory by considering several simple phenomenological models. We investigated two classes of models: spring-dashpot models, which are represented by exponential functions with a single relaxation time, and power law models. Although almost all of the models considered were capable of fitting the creep data with time, they result in very different predictions of attenuation and bulk modulus dispersion. We used the model parameters derived from fitting the creep strain to predict the bulk modulus dispersion and attenuation as a function of frequency, to find a single phenomenological model (and model parameters) that could explain the material's creep response with time as well as its dispersion and attenuation characteristics. Spring-dashpot models, such as the Burgers and standard linear solid models, produce reasonable fits to the creep strain and bulk modulus dispersion data, but do not reproduce the attenuation data. We find that a combined power law–Maxwell creep model adequately fits all of the data. Extrapolating the power law–Maxwell creep model out to 30 years (to simulate the lifetime of a reservoir) predicts that the static bulk modulus is only 25% of the dynamic modulus. Including the instantaneous component of deformation into the previous prediction results in 2% total vertical strain at the wellbore, in good agreement with field observations.
Endovascular treatment of acute limb ischemia due to thrombotic occlusion of the suprainguinal artery (2016)

Acute limb ischemia (ALI) is a serious condition requiring prompt intervention due to a sudden decrease in limb perfusion threatening limb viability. Treatment of ALI depends on the clinical status of the affected limb and patient comorbidities. Surgical therapy has been the historical standard of care for restoring limb perfusion; however, percutaneous endovascular intervention has been shown to be a promising treatment option in selected patients of ALI at high surgical risk. We report on a case of a 75-year-old man with ALI caused by thrombotic occlusion of the suprainguinal artery, successfully treated with endovascular therapy including stent insertion and thrombus aspiration and catheter-directed urokinase infusion in view of the clinical findings and imaging studies.
Detection of front obstacle of the vehicle using stereo images (1998)

In this paper we describe a new technique for detecting the front obstacle from the cruising vehicle using stereo images. To calculate the depth from the camera to the obstacle we have to find out the point of coincidence in two images. However, the process takes much time. So, we attempt to eliminate road surface signs in the left image from the right reverse projection image of the road surface to reduce processing time. Next, we decide the square region that contains an extracted object territory. Then the square region is matched to the right image. This technique was applied to the image acquired on the expressway. As a result, the measurement of the distance to the front obstacle becomes possible.
A New Vanadium Dioxide Cathode (1996)

We have synthesized a new form of vanadium dioxide using the hydrothermal reaction of vanadium pentoxide and lithium hydroxide in the presence of an organic templating cation. The hydrated lithium vanadium oxide formed has the simplest layered structure of any vanadium oxide, containing only square pyramids whose apices alternate up and down in the layer. The lithium may be removed by electrochemical delithiation. This new compound reversibly reacts with lithium and therefore may be used as the cathode in lithium batteries.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐PEPPSI‐IPent: Low‐Temperature Negishi Cross‐Coupling for the Preparation of Highly Functionalized, Tetra‐ortho‐Substituted Biaryls. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.