gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tunneling Plasmonics: Vacuum Rabi Oscillations in Carbon Nanotube Mediated Electromigrated Nanojunctions (2020)

The context of strong coupling has sparked extensive interest in both the photonics and solid-state physics communities, owing to its exquisite advantages in understanding intriguing phenomena, including but not limited to Bose–Einstein condensation, optical Stark and Hall effects, photon blockade effect, and extraordinary exciton conductance. This study reports on the theoretical realization of strong coupling in judiciously integrated semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with metallic nanoelectrodes, reaching deeply into the Purcell regime through the interference between electrically driven radiative plasmons from the tunneling junctions and emitted excitons from an individual carbon nanotube. Quantitative analyses of both emission spectra and electroluminescence spectra in electromigrated tunnel junctions verified the formation of new energy levels, in particular, Rabi splitting of dipolar plasmonic moments (ℏΩ ≈ 127 meV) and the augmented Purcell effect (Fₚ = 105) at VSD = 1.75 V. Furthermore, by taking advantage of the reasonably low mode volume (Vₑ = 3.44 × 10–¹¹ m³ at λcₐᵥ = 880 nm) of the electrically excited line shape, it is revealed that increasing the number of SWCNTs across the barrier gives rise to substantial enhancement in both Rabi splitting and the Purcell factor. This understanding paves a new approach toward the evolution of the strong coupling regime and boosted Purcell effect in electrically driven plasmonic junctions, which is insightful for photonic, plasmonic, and optoelectronic applications based on exciton polaritons and holds promise for structuring ultradense and on-chip instruments.
A study on impact of conceptual and practical based learning on employability (2022)

The impact of practical learning on employability is significant. There is no age, time or effort limit to learn because it is what as a person important to survive and thrive in this world. Although learning through theory is one side of the mirror, leveraging the knowledge in real world is what matters most. As employability is the primary goal, the process of learning leading up to that is what supports the goal. To assist the above statements this study refers the teaching strategies and learning models states that learning and employability are correlated for both learners and their peers. Practical-based learning should be implemented in the current scenario. It must be started from the preparatory level to make it a habit. The main aim of education is “learning” which must not miss out from the education system as learning has a direct impact on employability. The study reveals that a variety of techniques can be implemented by peers and the participation of students in the process could be a productive way to collaborate, hence, this kind of engagement would be a superior course of action for students to learn practically and can increase the scope of employability. The relevant articles' conclusions were discussed for better understanding of perceptions, multiple learning models and their importance, and significance are acknowledged to comprehend the impact of conceptual learning on Employability. The methods such as Practical Based Learning provide students’ exposure to real-life problems that they can solve by adopting the learning methods.
Critical differences in HIV‐1 and HIV‐2 protease specificity for clinical inhibitors (2012)

Clinical inhibitor amprenavir (APV) is less effective on HIV-2 protease (PR₂) than on HIV-1 protease (PR₁). We solved the crystal structure of PR₂ with APV at 1.5 Å resolution to identify structural changes associated with the lowered inhibition. Furthermore, we analyzed the PR₁ mutant (PR(1M) ) with substitutions V32I, I47V, and V82I that mimic the inhibitor binding site of PR₂. PR(1M) more closely resembled PR₂ than PR₁ in catalytic efficiency on four substrate peptides and inhibition by APV, whereas few differences were seen for two other substrates and inhibition by saquinavir (SQV) and darunavir (DRV). High resolution crystal structures of PR(1M) with APV, DRV, and SQV were compared with available PR₁ and PR₂ complexes. Val/Ile32 and Ile/Val47 showed compensating interactions with SQV in PR(1M) and PR₁, however, Ile82 interacted with a second SQV bound in an extension of the active site cavity of PR(1M). Residues 32 and 82 maintained similar interactions with DRV and APV in all the enzymes, whereas Val47 and Ile47 had opposing effects in the two subunits. Significantly diminished interactions were seen for the aniline of APV bound in PR₁ (M) and PR₂ relative to the strong hydrogen bonds observed in PR₁, consistent with 15- and 19-fold weaker inhibition, respectively. Overall, PR(1M) partially replicates the specificity of PR₂ and gives insight into drug resistant mutations at residues 32, 47, and 82. Moreover, this analysis provides a structural explanation for the weaker antiviral effects of APV on HIV-2.
Effect of Optical Scattering on One-way RF Frequency Transfer Over Optical Fibers (2013)

Microwave frequency transfer over optical fibers is a promising technology due to the high bandwidth, low loss, low weight, and EMI immunity of optical fibers. Fiber-induced noise has led to challenges in implementation that are commonly resolved by using two-way signal propagation with active feedback. However, some applications require one-way frequency transfer without the use of active feedback. In this paper, we demonstrate that optical scattering can be the dominant source of fiber-induced noise and can be mitigated without active feedback.
When light from a low noise laser propagates through kilometers of optical fiber, light scattering can increase the optical intensity noise by several orders of magnitude. In an RF-photonic link, this intensity noise can be converted to phase noise around the transmitted frequency. Consequently, the scattering-induced noise degrades the stability of the transferred signal. For example, we measured a 14 dB degradation of the Allan deviation after 10 km transmission. 
We previously showed that the scattering-induced intensity noise can be mitigated by dithering the laser current. We implemented this technique to reduce the scattering-induced frequency instability. We suppressed the Allan deviation that is induced by propagation through 10 km of fiber by 12 dB to within 2 dB of the back-to-back link.
Semi-Quantitative Mass Spectrometry in AML Cells Identifies New Non-Genomic Targets of the EZH2 Methyltransferase (2017)

Alterations to the gene encoding the EZH2 (KMT6A) methyltransferase, including both gain-of-function and loss-of-function, have been linked to a variety of haematological malignancies and solid tumours, suggesting a complex, context-dependent role of this methyltransferase. The successful implementation of molecularly targeted therapies against EZH2 requires a greater understanding of the potential mechanisms by which EZH2 contributes to cancer. One aspect of this effort is the mapping of EZH2 partner proteins and cellular targets. To this end we performed affinity-purification mass spectrometry in the FAB-M2 HL-60 acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cell line before and after all-<i>trans</i> retinoic acid-induced differentiation. These studies identified new EZH2 interaction partners and potential non-histone substrates for EZH2-mediated methylation. Our results suggest that EZH2 is involved in the regulation of translation through interactions with a number of RNA binding proteins and by methylating key components of protein synthesis such as eEF1A1. Given that deregulated mRNA translation is a frequent feature of cancer and that eEF1A1 is highly expressed in many human tumours, these findings present new possibilities for the therapeutic targeting of EZH2 in AML.
Characterization of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Sections by Spatially Resolved FT-IR Microspectroscopy (2002)

A combination of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and microscopy, FT-IR microspectroscopy, has been used to characterize sections of human colorectal adenocarcinoma. In this report, a database of 2601 high quality FT-IR point spectra from 26 patient samples and seven different histological structures was recorded and analyzed. The computer-based analysis of the IR spectra was carried out in four steps: (1) an initial test for spectral quality, (2) data pre-processing, (3) data reduction and feature selection, and (4) classification of the tissue spectra by multivariate pattern recognition techniques such as hierarchical clustering and artificial neural network analysis. Furthermore, an example of how spectral databases can be utilized to reassemble false color images of tissue samples is presented. The overall classification accuracy attained by optimized artificial neural networks reached 95%, highlighting the great potential of FT-IR microspectroscopy as a potentially valuable, reagent-free technique for the characterization of tissue specimens. However, technical improvements and the compilation of validated spectral databases are essential prerequisites to make the infrared technique applicable to routine and experimental clinical analysis.
Bifunctional Patterning of Mixed Monolayer Surfaces Using Scanning Probe Lithography for Multiplexed Directed Assembly (2010)

The patterning of a surface with more than one type of functionality in spatially resolved fashion is described. A scanning probe was used to create patterns composed of two orthogonal types of functionality within a dense, electrochemically active mixed monolayer via a simple modulation of the applied surface bias. One reductive pathway produces surface-bound amine moieties while the other creates an oxidized surface. The two newly created surface functionalities can each be used independently to locally deposit complementary materials such as electron- or hole-transporting molecules via self-assembly.
Clinicopathological analysis of 12 patients with Epstein–Barr virus‐positive primary intestinal T/natural killer‐cell lymphoma (EBV<sup>+</sup> ITNKL) (2017)

This study is the first to shed light on the significant heterogeneity of EBV<sup>+</sup> ITNKL and its relationship with CAEBV, especially in patients younger than 50 years of age. These observations will provide a guide for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in routine practice.
Exploration of the ionizable metal cluster-electrode surface analogy: infrared spectroelectrochemistry of [Pt24(CO)30]N, [Pt26(CO)32]N, and [Pt38(CO)44]N (n = 0 to -10) and comparisons with potential-dependent spectra of carbon monoxide adlayers on platinum surfaces (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExploration of the ionizable metal cluster-electrode surface analogy: infrared spectroelectrochemistry of [Pt24(CO)30]N, [Pt26(CO)32]N, and [Pt38(CO)44]N (n = 0 to -10) and comparisons with potential-dependent spectra of carbon monoxide adlayers on platinum surfacesJoseph D. Roth, Gregory J. Lewis, Lance K. Safford, Xudong Jiang, Lawrence F. Dahl, and Michael J. WeaverCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 15, 6159–6169Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00041a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00041a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views558Altmetric-Citations121LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Piezoelectric textile fibres for wearable energy harvesting systems (2018)

Piezoelectric textile fibres are important for wearable energy harvesting applications. Piezoelectric melt-spun fibres have been under investigation starting with 2010. While most of research has been carried out on fibres produced from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) which is a widely researched piezoelectric polymer, attempts have been carried out at developing fibres from polypropylene (PP) which has mostly been researched when used in cellular form. Moreover, the piezoelectric behavior of the fibres has until now been characterized, only by the voltage produced by the fibres when they are tested under open circuit conditions. The research presented in this paper, investigated yarn specimens made of polypropylene mixtures with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) regarding the electric power produced by the yarns. Measurement of the power was carried out using equipment developed by the research team and previously used to measure the power produced by monofilament piezoelectric textile yarns. The result of the current research indicate that the piezoelectric behavior of PP yarns is not affected essentially affected by the addition of MWCNTs and illustrate potential areas for further research of the behavior of piezoelectric PP yarns.
The effect of addition of carbon powder to samples in liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry: Improved ionization of apolar compounds (1995)

Abstract Addition of carbon or graphite powder, to either the matrix or the sample if no matrix is used, facilitates the formation of sample ions. For most of the compounds investigated, [M + H] + ions are observed. For long‐chain alcohols, [M − 1] + ions are formed. This new analysis method allows mass spectra of compounds, that hitherto were difficult or impossible to ionize, using liquid secondary mass spectrometry to be obtained and enhances the signal intensity of poorly ionizable compounds. Using this technique in the negative ion mode, a spectrum of Fomblin® can be obtained which is suitable for calibration purpose over a mass range of 1400 u. The observed effect is possibly due to enhancement of the field strength at the sample surface in the presence of carbon powder. No evidence of contamination of the ion source was visible after four weeks of intensive use of this technique.
Invited Review: Emission and mitigation of greenhouse gases from dairy farms: The cow, the manure, and the field (2019)

We identified the biophysical drivers of the main sources of on-farm greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions: enteric methane (CH4), manure CH4 and nitrous oxide (N2O), and field N2O and carbon dioxide (CO2). We explored the effect of selected management practices and their interactions on emissions mitigation and summarized findings from life cycle assessments of milk from dairy systems typical of the Midwest of the United States. Peer-reviewed literature was the main source of data and information to construct this review. Dry matter intake and feed conversion efficiency drive enteric CH4 production (g/d) and intensity (g/kg of milk), respectively. Dietary fiber and lipids influence enteric CH4 and dietary protein influences manure N2O. In the manure management chain, long-term storage of unprocessed liquid manure is a major source of GHG emissions, but the adoption of manure solid–liquid separation and anaerobic digestion substantially reduce the carbon balance of a farm. Amount, timing, and application mode of nitrogen fertilizer are keys to reducing N2O emission from fields. Reduced or no till, winter crop, and perennial crops increase soil OM content and reduce field CO2 losses. Variation in on-farm GHG emissions, which averaged 1.1 kg of CO2-eq per kilogram of milk, was associated more with specific management practices than with farm size or dairy system. Adopting best nutritional, cropping, and manure management practices may reduce substantially on-farm GHG emissions in all dairy systems. Modeling and assessment methods must be improved to better account for interactions among system components and co-products of milk production.
A well-conducted randomized trial that establishes no benefit of therapy is an important medical advance (2007)

Background As physicians, we continually strive to understand disease processes and predict how they will affect our patients. However, our greatest skill lies in our ability to intervene and change the natural history of a disease, i.e. change a poor outcome which otherwise would have occurred. Many types of interventions are used in the care of renal patients, from pills, to procedures and dialysis, to alternative ways to deliver health care. All would agree that interventions need to be evaluated to determine if they are beneficial, without harm, and cost-effective in a system of finite resources.
Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of an amylopullulanase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon <i>Pyrococcus woesei</i> (1995)

The thermostable amylopullulanase from Pyrococcus woesei was crystallized. Crystals, suitable for a crystallographic analysis up to a size of 0.6 mm in their longest dimension, have been obtained by the vapor diffusion method in a solution containing polyethyleneglycol 4000 (PEG 4000), isopropanol, and Tris/Cl- buffer pH 7.5. Crystals grown under these conditions form hexagonal rods and diffract to a maximum resolution of 3 A. The crystals belong to the trigonal lattice type with the spacegroup P3(1)21 or P3(2)21, respectively, have the cell dimensions a = b = 96.8 A, c = 196.2 A, alpha = beta = 90 degrees, gamma = 120 degrees. The crystals have a theoretical packing density of 2.7 A3/Da, assuming one molecule with a molecule weight of 88.8 kDa in the asymmetric unit. Furthermore the self-rotation analysis of the dataset revealed only crystallographic symmetries. The merged native data of two crystals resulted in a 88% complete dataset.
Biomechanical Assessment of Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion With an Anterior Lumbosacral Fixation Screw-Plate: Comparison to Stand-Alone Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion and Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion With Pedicle Screws in an Unstable Human Cadaver Model (2006)

The anterior screw-plate and pedicle screws-rods both substantially reduced ROM and increased stiffness compared to stand-alone interbody cages. There was no significant difference in the amount by which the supplementary fixation devices limited flexion, extension, axial rotation, or anteroposterior shear; pedicle screws-rods better restricted lateral bending.
Octave-Band Thresholds for Modeled Reverberant Fields (1998)

Auditory thresholds for 10 subjects were obtained for speech stimuli reverberation. The reverberation was produced and manipulated by 3-D audio modeling based on an actual room. The independent variables were octave-band-filtering (bypassed, 0.25 - 2.0 kHz Fc) and reverberation time (0.2- 1.1 sec). An ANOVA revealed significant effects (threshold range: -19 to -35 dB re 60 dB SRL).
47.3: The Impact of Watching Television on Evening Melatonin Levels (2013)

Abstract Self‐luminous electronic devices emit optical radiation at short wavelengths, close to the peak sensitivity of melatonin suppression. The present paper investigated if light from a 70‐inch television suppressed melatonin. Results showed that light from televisions does not impact melatonin levels in the evening.
Obstacle Bypass in Protein Motion along DNA by Two-dimensional Rather than One-dimensional Sliding (2004)

Site-specific DNA-binding proteins locate their target sites by facilitated diffusion. Several proteins have been shown to slide along DNA in vitro. However, whereas sliding is often envisaged as one-dimensional tracking of the DNA major groove, such a mechanism would not allow linear diffusion over long distances in vivo, where short stretches of free DNA are delimited by bound proteins. I propose a two-dimensional sliding mechanism, in which the protein diffuses freely on the cylindrical DNA surface, and I present experiments that can distinguish between one- and higher-dimensional diffusion along the DNA contour length. At 100 mm NaCl, translocation of EcoRI restriction endonuclease between sites on two DNA helices connected by a Holliday junction is as efficient as between sites on the same helix, indicating a three-dimensional mechanism. At 25 mm NaCl, translocation between sites on the same DNA helix is more efficient, indicating a role for sliding at low ionic strength. Obstacles attached to the major groove of one face of the DNA helix did not interfere with sliding, regardless of their orientation relative to the cleavage sites. This result is compatible with two-dimensional but not one-dimensional sliding. As illustrated by Monte-Carlo simulation, two-dimensional sliding may not only allow proteins to move around nucleosomes in vivo but also reduce the redundancy of their search for the target site.
HIV Status Does Not Affect the Outcome of Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) for B Cell Non Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). (2008)

Abstract Randomized trials have demonstrated superior progression free (PFS)and overall survival (OS) with autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) for patients with relapsed chemosensitive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) compared with conventional dose salvage chemotherapy. More recent trials have proven that ASCT is also feasible in pts with AIDS associated NHL (ARL). However, the impact of the HIV infection on long term outcome is unknown. We therefore, undertook a retrospective case control analysis of ASCT for high risk B cell NHL in HIV positive (HIV Pos) and HIV negative (HIV Neg) pts. Twenty-nine pts with ARL who underwent ASCT between 1998 and 2007 were matched with HIV Neg controls. Pts were matched for gender, time from NHL dx to ASCT, age at ASCT, dz status at ASCT, number of prior regimens, conditioning regimen (chemo vs. FTBI). Histology was matched as closely as possible with the exception that there were more high-grade NHL pts in the HIV Pos group. Patient HIV Pos HIV Neg P value* (* P value by Fishers exact test or Wilson signed rank sum test) Age at ASCT 42 (11–68) 48(21–65) .06 HISTOLOGY Large cell 19 25 Burkitts 10 0 Follicular gr 3 0 3 Marginal zone 0 1 Disease status 1CR/PR 16 16 IF 2 2 1.0 Relapse 11 11 Prior regimens 2(1–4) 2(1–4) .33 Conditioning - - FTBI 4 4 1.0 Non TBI 25 25 Median followup for HIV Pos pts is 46.7 months and 43.3 months for HIV neg controls (NS). Pts engrafted WBC at a median of 10 days (HIV Pos) and 11 days (HIV Neg) (NS) respectively. Non-relapse mortality (NRM) was 8% (95% CI 2–26) in HIV Pos pts and 4% (95%CI 0.7–25)in HIV Neg controls (NS). Two year PFS for the HIV Pos cohort was 76% (95% CI 62–85) and 56% (95% CI 45–66) for the controls (NS). OS was also similar at 75% (95% CI 61–85) versus 75% (95% CI 60–85)respectively{ see figure }. In conclusion, despite the inclusion of more poor risk pts by histology in the HIV Pos cohort, our series demonstrated matching OS for HIV Pos and HIV Neg pts undergoing ASCT for NHL The equivalent NRM also provides further evidence that HIV status does not affect the outcome of ASCT for NHL and therefore, should be considered a standard approach for select pts with ARL. Figure Figure