gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Strategy-proof allocation of multiple items between two agents without payments or priors (2010)

We investigate the problem of allocating items (private goods) among competing agents in a setting that is both prior-free and payment-free. Specificall, we focus on allocating multiple heterogeneous items between two agents with additive valuation functions. Our objective is to design strategy-proof mechanisms that are competitive against the most efficien (first-best allocation. We introduce the family of linear increasing-price (LIP) mechanisms. The LIP mechanisms are strategy-proof, prior-free, and payment-free, and they are exactly the increasing-price mechanisms satisfying a strong responsiveness property. We show how to solve for competitive mechanisms within the LIP family. For the case of two items, we fin a LIP mechanism whose competitive ratio is near optimal (the achieved competitive ratio is 0.828, while any strategy-proof mechanism is at most 0.841-competitive). As the number of items goes to infinit, we prove a negative result that any increasing-price mechanism (linear or nonlinear) has a maximal competitive ratio of 0.5. Our results imply that in some cases, it is possible to design good allocation mechanisms without payments and without priors.
Emotion Recognition in Conversations with Transfer Learning from Generative Conversation Modeling. (2019)

Recognizing emotions in conversations is a challenging task due to the presence of contextual dependencies governed by self- and inter-personal influences. Recent approaches have focused on modeling these dependencies primarily via supervised learning. However, purely supervised strategies demand large amounts of annotated data, which is lacking in most of the available corpora in this task. To tackle this challenge, we look at transfer learning approaches as a viable alternative. Given the large amount of available conversational data, we investigate whether generative conversational models can be leveraged to transfer affective knowledge for detecting emotions in context. We propose an approach, TL-ERC, where we pre-train a hierarchical dialogue model on multi-turn conversations (source) and then transfer its parameters to a conversational emotion classifier (target). In addition to the popular practice of using pre-trained sentence encoders, our approach also incorporates recurrent parameters that model inter-sentential context across the whole conversation. Based on this idea, we perform several experiments across multiple datasets and find improvement in performance and robustness against limited training data. TL-ERC also achieves better validation performances in significantly fewer epochs. Overall, we infer that knowledge acquired from dialogue generators can indeed help recognize emotions in conversations.
Synthesis of functionalised porous network silsesquioxane polymers (2002)

Porous polyhedral silsesquioxane (POSS)-based network polymers are prepared using hydrosilation copolymerisation reactions of a silyl-functionalised POSS molecule with a vinyl-functionalised moiety. Characterisation of these solids show them to possess pore structures in the mesoporous regime, and polymers with longer organic linking groups showing evidence of flexible wall structures. Functionalisation of the polymers is carried out by reaction with triflic acid or sodium hydroxide, followed by incorporation of CpTiCl3. EXAFS spectroscopy results are consistent with the titanium being coordinated to the oxygen atoms that make up part of a POSS unit.
Performing Mineral Hydration Experiments in the CheMin Diffractometer on Mars (2016)

Laboratory work is the cornerstone of experimental planetary geochemistry, mineralogy, and petrology, but much is to be gained by while on a planet surface. Earth-bound experiments are often limited in ability to control multiple conditions relevant to planetary bodies (e.g. cycles in temperature and vapor pressure of water), but observations on-planet provide a unique opportunity where conditions are native to the planet and those affected by sampling and analysis can be constrained. The CheMin XRD instrument on Mars Science Laboratory has been able to test mineral hydration in samples held for up to 300 Mars days (sols). Clay minerals sampled at Yellowknife Bay early in the mission had both collapsed (10 A) and expanded (13.2 A) basal spacing. Collapsed interlayers were expected, but larger spacing was not; it was uncertain whether larger basal spacing would collapse on prolonged exposure to warmer conditions inside CheMin. Observation over several hundred sols showed no collapse, with the conclusion that expanded interlayer spacing was due to partial intercalation by metal-hydroxyl groups that resist dehydration. More recently, a sample of the Murray Formation, Oudam, provided the first XRD detection of gypsum and a chance to observe gypsum stability. Laboratory work suggests gypsum should be stable at Mars surface conditions, and indeed gypsum has been observed from orbit at higher latitudes and in thick veins at Yellowknife Bay by Mastcam reflectance spectra. Laboratory experiments have shown that on dehydration the gypsum would not become X-ray amorphous but would rather transform to a water-deficient bassanite structure. Over a period of 37 sols, it was observed that the Oudam sample in CheMin transformed from an assemblage of gypsum+anhydrite, to gypsum+bassanite+anhydrite, and finally to bassanite+anhydrite. Mg-sulfates were also anticipated but have not been observed in CheMin despite chemical evidence for their presence. Unlike gypsum, hydrated Mg-sulfates can transition to an X-ray amorphous form. Crystalline Mg-sulfates are expected higher in the section on Mount Sharp, where it should be possible to determine whether they persist or are destabilized after sampling, providing further insight into hydrous mineral stability at Mars near-equatorial conditions.
Surface Tension, Phase Separation, and Solidification of Undercooled Cobalt–Copper Alloys (2003)

Abstract By using electromagnetic levitation, liquid Cu–Co alloys can be undercooled below their liquidus temperature into the metastable miscibility gap, leading to a phase separation into a cobalt‐rich L 1 phase and a cobalt‐poor L 2 phase. This paper reports on experimental and theoretical investigations into the properties of this system, including equilibrium shape, surface, and interfacial tension, phase separation, as well as solidification behavior. Solidification experiments were performed in microgravity in order to minimize the effect of convection on the resulting microstructure.
Trapping and dynamic manipulation of magnetic contrast agent targeted cancer cells in photoacoustic imaging: Phantom study (2011)

Magnetomotive photoacoustic imaging has been extended to address the problem of trapping and manipulating large micro-scale objects, mimicking circulating tumor cells, within a flow stream. Coupled contrast agents combining magneto-sensitive nanospheres and gold nanorods were targeted to 10 μm diameter polystyrene beads using amino acid conjugates to mimic targeting metastatic cancer cells circulating in blood. A dual magnet system was designed and built to produce external magnetic fields consisting of a polarizing field to magnetize the magnetic contrast agents, and a high gradient magnetic field producing a strong trapping force to the magnetized contrast agents. The results demonstrate that targeted polystyrene beads can be successfully trapped in a recirculating system with flow rate of 12 ml/min. In addition to magnetic trapping, the manipulation of accumulated beads has been demonstrated to suppress undesirable background signals for sensitive and specific detection of targeted objects.
The Influence of Hormonal Therapy on Survival of Men with Advanced Prostatic Cancer (1982)

Although hormonal therapy has been used for almost 40 years in the management of patients with prostatic cancer there is no consensus on whether this treatment prolongs life in these men. In an attempt to answer this question survival of 65 control patients seen from 1937 to 1940 was compared to survival of patients who received hormonal therapy from 1942 to 1944. These intervals were selected in an attempt to minimize the influence of medical advances other than hormonal therapy. Although life table graphs indicated that survival was extended for patients who entered in the hormonal era our analyses indicate that the difference in survival between treatment and control groups can be accounted for by a trend toward lower mortality in patients who entered later in the study rather than by hormonal therapy. The temporal trend was noted in all major subgroups of patients. These data suggest that in this study hormonal therapy had little impact on the over-all survival of men with advanced prostatic cancer and that every effort must be made to explore new avenues for the treatment of these patients. In the future, hormonal therapy may be most effectively used when the poorly responsive patients can be identified at an earlier time in the disease and treated with alternate forms of therapy.
Buckling Analysis of Tapered Laminated Composite Plates Using Ritz Method (2011)

Tapered composite plates are being used in various engineering applications such as helicopter yoke, robot arms and turbine blades in which the structure needs to be stiff at one location and flexible at another location. Different types of ply drop-off can be achieved depending on the application. Due to the variety of tapered composite plates and complexity of the analysis, no closed form analytical solution is available at present. Therefore in the present work, the Ritz method is used for the calculation of buckling response. The buckling analysis of different types of composite plates with longitudinal-internal-ply-drop-off configuration is investigated based on classical laminated plate theory (CLPT). The efficiency and accuracy of the developed formulations are established in comparison with available solutions, where applicable. A detailed parametric study is conducted on tapered composite plates in order to investigate the effects of boundary conditions, taper and lay-up configurations, taper angle and length-to-height ratio.
The impact of polarization mode dispersion: optical duobinary vs. NRZ transmission (2003)

The optical duobinary data-coding is a promising technology for the implementation of ultra-dense WDM (UDWDM) systems with spectral efficiency close to the Nyquist limit. In recent experiments at 40 Gbit/s the efficiency of 0.8 bit/s/Hz has been demonstrated. Working at a bit rate as high as 40 Gbit/s the PMD could strongly impair system performance. The purpose of this work is to compare the impact of PMD on optical duobinary with respect to its impact on NRZ in a OC-768 FEC-inclusive scenario requiring an actual line-rate of 42.65 Gbit/s. We demonstrated that the impairment of PMD is larger on duobinary than on NRZ systems. However, due to its better intrinsic performance, the use of duobinary may still produce convenient results in some scenarios, like the ones analyzed.
Fabrication and magnetic characterization of single domain Co91Fe9 nanostructures (2000)

Linear arrays of 15 nm thick, polycrystalline Co91Fe9 nanoelements have been fabricated using e-beam lithography, collimated sputtering and lift-off. The elements have widths of 0.17 and 0.25 μm, lengths from 0.5 to 4 μm, pointed ends, and center-to-center spacing of 0.5 μm. Characterization by magnetic force microscopy shows that in the virgin state these elements are single-domain and have magnetizations parallel to their long axes. The field at which an element switches its magnetization direction is shown to depend mainly on its width, and only slightly on its length. Fields of about 440 and 680 Oe are needed to switch completely the 0.25 and 0.17 μm structures, respectively. This separation in switching fields is adequate to allow elements of different widths to be switched independently. Also, magnetic force microscopy and SQUID magnetometry analysis show that a capping layer is necessary to protect the films from oxidation. Unprotected films show an altered hysteresis loop and their associated nanostructures are not consistently single-domain.
Time-Resolved Laser-Induced Fluorescence of UO22+ in Nitric Acid Solutions. Comparison between Nitrogen and Tripled Nd-YAG Laser. (1994)

A comparison between nitrogen and tripled Nd-YAG laser source for Time-Resolved Laser-Induced Fluorescence (TRLIF) of uranium in nitric acid solutions in the framework of on-line feasibility has been performed.Hence, for uranium on-line monitoring with fiber optics, nitrogen laser (337nm).most usual source in TRLIF has several drawback; poor beam quality and non negligible nitric acid absorption a t 337 nm.Tripled Nd-YAG laser (355 nm) despite lower uranium absorption coefficient has several advantages : no influence of nitric acid absorption, better beam quality, better fiber transmission and solid state technology.No significant difference for fluorescence spectra and lifetimes are observed for both lasers.Limit of detection for direct determination of uranium in nitric acid by TRLIF is in the pg/l M) range for both lasers.
Stretchable semiconductor elements and stretchable electrical circuits (2023)

The invention provides methods and devices for fabricating printable semiconductor elements and assembling printable semiconductor elements onto substrate surfaces. Methods, devices and device components of the present invention are capable of generating a wide range of flexible electronic and optoelectronic devices and arrays of devices on substrates comprising polymeric materials. The present invention also provides stretchable semiconductor structures and stretchable electronic devices capable of good performance in stretched configurations.
An efficient and transition metal free protocol for the transfer hydrogenation of ketones as a continuous flow process (2009)

We report the efficient reduction of a selection of ketones to the corresponding secondary alcohols using only catalytic amounts of LiOtBu in iPrOH facilitated by using a continuous flow reactor.
Impact of early treatment of MS with interferon beta-1b: cognitive outcomes at the 11-year follow-up of BENEFIT (BENEFIT 11) (2015)

International audience
Poster: Haplotype discovery from high-throughput sequencing data (2011)

The problem of haplotype discovery from from high throughput sequencing data arises in several settings when sequencing machines are used for recovering in a given sample of all transcripts or bacteria (transcriptome and bacteriome reconstruction) as well as assembly of viral quasispecies and their frequencies. The standard model includes an instance of sequencing machine run consisting of a set of reads with observed frequencies and a (prior) panel consisting of (1) a set of candidate strings that are believed to emit the observed reads and (2) a weighted match between reads and strings, where weight is calculated based on the mapping of the reads to the strings. The spectrum reconstruction problem asks for the most likely string frequencies explaining emission of observed reads assuming that reads are emitted uniformly at random by strings according to the panel. The possible gaps in the standard model include (a) erroneous reads (caused by genotyping errors), (b) an incorrect list of candidate strings (absence of candidates caused by gaps in current databases and presence of chimeric candidates), (c) an inaccurate read to-string match and, finally, (d) a non-uniform emitting of reads by strings. Since the genotyping quality is improving we focus on the incompleteness of the panel, i.e., the existing list of candidate strings. The method presented here, referred to as HAPDIS, assumes that reads are emitted uniformly but allows for unknown strings. The model quality is measured by the deviation between expected and observed read frequencies. Based on the model quality it is possible to decide if the panel is likely to be incomplete. Subsequently, the total frequency of strings missing from the panel is estimated by adding a virtual string whose weighted matches with reads are determined by deficit or excess of observed over expected read frequencies. Based on weighted matches between the virtual string and reads we show that it is possible to extract the spectrum of reads (reads and their frequencies) that are likely to be emitted by the missing strings.
A method for correcting minimum RTT of TCP congestion control in mobile networks (2015)

In mobile networks such as LTE and 3G, there is a problem in that the transmission control protocol (TCP) cannot sufficiently utilize network bandwidth and TCP throughput decreases. One cause of this degraded TCP throughput is the underestimation of minimum round trip time (RTT) in TCP congestion control algorithms. Handovers between mobile networks might increase propagation delay, so it is important to increase the minimum RTT appropriately. However, conventional methods cannot increase the minimum RTT because the minimum RTT is updated when a shorter RTT is observed. This causes many delay-based TCP variants to decrease the congestion window size, which in turn decreases TCP throughput. In this paper, we propose a method that revises the minimum RTT in mobile networks based on information available at the TCP sender node. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method can appropriately revise the minimum RTT.
Anionic Intercalation: Transparent and Flexible Mn<sub>1−</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i><sub>−</sub><i><sub>y</sub></i>(Ce<i><sub>x</sub></i>La<i><sub>y</sub></i>)O<sub>2−δ</sub> Ultrathin‐Film Device for Highly‐Stable Pseudocapacitance Application (Adv. Funct. Mater. 30/2021) (2021)

In article number 2100880, Samane Maroufi and co-workers report the synthesis of defect-rich Mn1−x−y(CexLay)O2−δ ultrathin films with controllable thicknesses, transmittance, and outstanding areal capacitance. The performance originates from the intercalation/de-intercalation of anionic O2− charges and intervalence charge transfer among cations with multioxidation states. This method has the potential for large-scale and cost-effective fabrication of stable and flexible pseudocapacitors.
Ocular Histopathologic Findings in a Case of Human Herpes B Virus Infection (1990)

A 37-year-old male laboratory technician who sustained a cutaneous penetrating wound from a rhesus monkey developed a progressive ascending encephalomyelitis due to culture-proven herpes B virus (Herpesvirus simiae) infection. He died 6 weeks after his injury despite acyclovir and ganciclovir treatment that was initiated after central nervous system symptoms developed. Histopathological examination of the patient's left eye revealed a multifocal necrotizing retinitis associated with a vitritis, optic neuritis, and prominent panuveitis. Herpes-type virus was identified in the involved retina by electron microscopy. Postmortem vitreous cultures taken from both eyes and retinal cultures taken from the right eye were positive for herpes B virus. Herpes B virus produces infection and destruction of retinal tissues similar to other herpesviruses. To our knowledge, this case represents the first histopathologic demonstration of herpes B virus infection in a human eye.
Comparison of Passive Stiffness Changes in the Supraspinatus Muscle After Double‐Row and Knotless Transosseous‐Equivalent Rotator Cuff Repair Techniques: A Cadaveric Study (2016)

Based on this insight, investigating rotator cuff muscle stiffness changes, further studies using SWE may determine the optimal repair technique for various sizes of rotator cuff tears.
Potential for Change in US Diagnosis of Hip Dysplasia Solely Caused by Changes in Probe Orientation: Patterns of Alpha-angle Variation Revealed by Using Three-dimensional US (2014)

Use of 3D three-dimensional US showed that alpha angles measured at routine 2D two-dimensional US of the hip can vary substantially between 2D two-dimensional scans solely because of changes in probe positioning. Not only could normal hips appear dysplastic, but dysplastic hips also could have normal alpha angles. Three-dimensional US can display the full acetabular shape, which might improve DDH developmental dysplasia of the hip assessment accuracy.
Glyph-Based Visualization of Myocardial Perfusion Data and Enhancement with Contractility and Viability Information (2008)

Perfusion data characterize the regional blood flow in human tissue. In the diagnosis of the Coronary Heart Disease, they are acquired to detect hypoperfused regions of the myocardium (heart muscle) at an early stage or to evaluate the hemodynamical relevance of a known pathologic vessel narrowing. For each voxel in the data, a time-intensity curve describes the enhancement of a contrast agent. Parameters derived from these curves characterize the regional perfusion and have to be integrated for diagnosis. The diagnostic evaluation of this multi-field data is challenging and time-consuming due to its complexity. We tackle this problem by developing a glyph-based integrated visualization of perfusion parameters in 3D-space with the patient-individual ventricular anatomy as context information. Besides the assessment of myocardial perfusion, current cardiac imaging technology allows for the investigation of myocardial contractility as well as for the detection of non-viable tissue. The combined inspection of these data supports diagnosis finding and therapy planning by allowing for the discrimination of healthy, hypoperfused and non-viable tissue as well as between non-viable and temporarily inactive tissue. To facilitate such an inspection, we apply registration methods that cope with differences in orientation and coverage between these three datasets. We enhance the glyph-based visualization of perfusion parameters by integrating parameters describing the myocardial contractility and viability.
Assessing brain iron and volume of subcortical nuclei in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (2021)

Our exploratory analysis found that iRBD patients had a higher incidence of N1 loss and reduced RCN volume after FDR correction. Cognitive and motor impairment were associated with iron deposition in several cerebral nuclei after FDR correction.
Treatment of Muscle Injuries by Local Administration of Autologous Conditioned Serum: Animal Experiments Using a Muscle Contusion Model (2004)

Muscle contusions represent a major part of sports injuries. The suggested treatments are generally sufficient to support muscle healing, but require a relatively long period of time. Given that autologous blood products are safe treatments, we have used a technique which stimulates the release of certain growth factors in the autologous conditioned serum (ACS). Those growth factors are known to improve the proliferative activity of myogenic precursor cells. Mice were subjected to an experimental contusion injury to their gastrocnemius muscle; one group received local injections of ACS at 2 hrs, 24 hrs, and 48 hrs after injury, a control group received saline injections. The histology results showed that satellite cell activation at 30/48 hrs post injury was accelerated and the diameter of the regenerating myofibers was increased compared to the controls within the first week after injury. ELISA results on the ACS have shown that the elevations in FGF-2 (460 %) and TGF-beta1 (82 %) could be partly responsible for the accelerating effects on regeneration due to proliferative and chemotactic properties. We conclude that ACS injection is a promising approach to reduce the time of recovery from muscle injury. In terms of clinical targets, this new approach could be used in the treatment of sports injuries and may also be interesting in postoperative situations.