gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polymer PBT/n-GaN metal–insulator–semiconductor structure (2001)

Organic poly(p-phenylenebenzobisthiazole), PBT, is spin coated on n-GaN epilayer to serve as a gate insulating layer. The GaN is grown on c sapphire by the metalorganic-chemical-vapor-deposition method. A metal-insulator-semiconductor structure is fabricated with Al ohmic contact to the n-GaN, and Au/Al gate metal on top of the PBT. High-frequency capacitance measurements are performed. A doping concentration of 8.2×1016 cm−3 is obtained from the capacitance in the depletion region as compared with a Hall value of 7.8×1016 cm−3. Another technique of max–min capacitance method is also used in the calculation of the doping concentration. The threshold voltage is calculated as −5.1 V, and negative charges with an effective charge number density of 9.3×1011 cm−2 shift the capacitance curve towards the positive voltage side. The hysteresis phenomenon is observed and analyzed. The current–voltage curve shows a low, constant current value up to 20 V.
Catalytic Asymmetric Aziridination with Arylborate Catalysts Derived from VAPOL and VANOL Ligands (2000)

The asymmetric induction is essentially identical for a range of substrates when the the VAPOL and VANOL (see picture; but not 1,1′-binaphth-2-ol (BINOL)) ligands were employed in asymmetric aziridinations catalyzed by triphenylborate (90–98 % ee). The synthetic utility of these catalysts is illustrated in a synthesis of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2000/z15611_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A 43-Year-Old Man with Neck Swelling and Stridor (2012)

Abstract Case 5a: A 43-year-old man presented to an outside hospital with a 2-day history of tooth pain, and subsequent left-sided neck swelling and difficulty swallowing.
Chemical Constituents of the Leaves of <i>Desmos cochinchinensis</i> var. <i>fulvescens</i><scp>Ban</scp> (2014)

Abstract A phytochemical investigation of MeOH extract of Desmos cochinchinensis var. fulvescens Ban afforded two new compounds, 1 β ,7 α ‐dihydroxyeudesman‐4‐one ( 1 ) and 5 αH ‐megastigm‐7‐ene‐3 α ,4 α ,6 β ,9‐tetrol ( 2 ), together with nine known terpenoids. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopic analysis. Their relative configurations were assigned by NOESY experiments.
Laser-Foil Acceleration of High-Energy Protons in Small-Scale Plasma Gradients (2007)

Proton beams laser accelerated from thin foils are studied for various plasma gradients on the foil rear surface. The beam maximum energy and spectral slope reduce with the gradient scale length, in good agreement with numerical simulations. The results also show that the jxB mechanism determines the temperature of the electrons driving the ion expansion. Future ion-driven fast ignition of fusion targets will use multikilojoule petawatt laser pulses, the leading part of which will induce target preheat. Estimates based on the data show that this modifies by less than 10% the ion beam parameters.
Collagen VI in healthy and diseased nervous system (2018)

Collagen VI is a major extracellular matrix protein exerting a number of functions in different tissues, spanning from biomechanical to regulatory signals in the cell survival processes, and playing key roles in maintaining the stemness or determining the differentiation of several types of cells. In the last couple of years, emerging findings on collagen VI have led to increased interest in its role in the nervous system. The role of this protein in the peripheral nervous system was intensely studied and characterized in detail. Collagen VI acts as a regulator of Schwann cell differentiation and is required for preserving peripheral nerve myelination, function and structure, as well as for orchestrating nerve regeneration after injury. Although the role and distribution of collagen VI in the peripheral nervous system is now well established, the role of this distinctive extracellular matrix component in the central nervous system, along with its links to human neurological and neurodegenerative disorders, remains an open field of investigation. In this Review, we summarize and discuss a number of recent findings related to collagen VI in the central and peripheral nervous systems. We further link these findings to different aspects of the protein that are relevant to human diseases in these compartments in order to provide a comprehensive overview of the roles of this key matrix component in the nervous system.
Abstract 11933: Extracting Clinical Pearls From Heart Sound Waves: A Deep Learning Approach (2018)

Introduction: The utility of cardiac auscultation in diagnosis remains suboptimal due to poor sensitivity and wide inter-user variability. Research in biometrics has utilized heart sounds for indiv...
Design and Synthesis of Imidazole and Triazole Pyrazoles as <i>Mycobacterium Tuberculosis</i> CYP121A1 Inhibitors (2019)

The emergence of untreatable drug-resistant strains of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> is a major public health problem worldwide, and the identification of new efficient treatments is urgently needed. <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> cytochrome P450 CYP121A1 is a promising drug target for the treatment of tuberculosis owing to its essential role in mycobacterial growth. Using a rational approach, which includes molecular modelling studies, three series of azole pyrazole derivatives were designed through two synthetic pathways. The synthesized compounds were biologically evaluated for their inhibitory activity towards <i>M. tuberculosis</i> and their protein binding affinity (<i>K</i> <sub>D</sub>). Series 3 biarylpyrazole imidazole derivatives were the most effective with the isobutyl (<b>10 f</b>) and <i>tert</i>-butyl (<b>10 g</b>) compounds displaying optimal activity (MIC 1.562 μg/mL, <i>K</i> <sub>D</sub> 0.22 μM (<b>10 f</b>) and 4.81 μM (<b>10 g</b>)). The spectroscopic data showed that all the synthesised compounds produced a type II red shift of the heme Soret band indicating either direct binding to heme iron or (where less extensive Soret shifts are observed) putative indirect binding via an interstitial water molecule. Evaluation of biological and physicochemical properties identified the following as requirements for activity: LogP >4, H-bond acceptors/H-bond donors 4/0, number of rotatable bonds 5-6, molecular volume >340 Å<sup>3</sup>, topological polar surface area <40 Å<sup>2</sup>.
Electromagnetically induced acoustic emission—novel NDT technique for damage evaluation (2001)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation P. Finkel, V. Godinez, R. Miller, R. Finlayson; Electromagnetically induced acoustic emission—novel NDT technique for damage evaluation. AIP Conf. Proc. 30 April 2001; 557 (1): 1747–1754. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1373964 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Endoscopic sonography in the diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (1999)

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is an unusual inflammatory disease of the gallbladder that may simulate gallbladder cancer. We report the findings with conventional sonography, endoscopic sonography (EUS), and CT in 3 cases of XGC. EUS could visualize hyperechoic nodules in the gallbladder wall, probably representing xanthogranulomas, but loss of the multilayered structure of the gallbladder wall and infiltration into adjacent organs make differentiating XGC from gallbladder cancer difficult with EUS alone.
Laser Evaporative Heating: Influence of Laser Pulse Intensity on the Cavity Formation (2008)

The influence of laser pulse intensity on the recession velocities of vapor-liquid and liquid-solid interfaces is examined numerically. In order to determine the location of interfaces, the energy method is used. The mushy zone formation is considered across the zones where the phase change occurs. The energy method enables one to determine the quality of vapor and liquid qualities in the vapor-liquid and liquid-solid mushy zones. It is found that laser power intensity has a significant effect on the cavity size, particularly on the depth of the cavity. The recession velocity of the vapor-liquid and liquid-solid interfaces is high in the early heating period due to high rate of evaporation.
LSF quantization with multiple scale lattice VQ for transmission over noisy chanels (2002)

In this paper we discuss the performance of several enumeration techniques for lattice quantizers when the transmission channel is noisy. We consider the multiple scale leader lattice quantization structure and we test three variants of lattice vectors indexing for LSF parameters quantization. We com pare the results obtained with the proposed methods and also compare with the results obtained with the codec G.729 in the presence of noise.
Autoregulation of Coronary Blood Flow in the Isolated Beating Pig Heart (2011)

The isolated beating pig heart model is an accessible platform to investigate the coronary circulation in its truly morphological and physiological state, whereas its use is beneficial from a time, cost, and ethical perspective. However, whether the coronary autoregulation is still intact is not known. Here, we study the autoregulation of coronary blood flow in the working isolated pig heart in response to brief occlusions of the coronary artery, to step-wise changes in left ventricular loading conditions and contractile states, and to pharmacologic vasodilating stimuli. Six slaughterhouse pig hearts (473¿±¿40¿g) were isolated, prepared, and connected to an external circulatory system. Through coronary reperfusion and controlled cardiac loading, physiological cardiac performance was achieved. After release of a coronary occlusion, coronary blood flow rose rapidly to an equal (maximum) level as the flow during control beats, independent of the duration of occlusion. Moreover, a linear relation was found between coronary blood flow and coronary driving pressure for a wide variation of preload, afterload, and contractility. In addition, intracoronary administration of papaverine did not yield a transient increase in blood flow indicating the presence of maximum coronary hyperemia. Together, this indicates that the coronary circulation in the isolated beating pig heart is in a permanent state of maximum hyperemia. This makes the model excellently suitable for testing and validating cardiovascular devices (i.e., heart valves, stent grafts, and ventricular assist devices) under well-controlled circumstances, whereas it decreases the necessity of sacrificing large mammalians for performing classical animal experiments.
Core melt stabilization concepts for existing and future LWRs and associated RaD needs (2015)

In the event of a severe accident with core melting in a NPP the stabilization of the molten corium is an important mitigation issue, as it can avoid late containment failure caused by basemat pene ...
Recent Advances in the Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence (2014)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. Early-stage HCC can be curatively treated, but the recurrence rate remains high. To date, adjuvant treatments have not proven effective in preventing HCC recurrence after curative treatment. Although early studies explored the potential of vitamin K2, retinoid, chemotherapy, and recently, sorafenib, none of the studies reported successful outcomes. Several new lines of evidence have emerged to support the use of novel antiviral agents for preventing the recurrence of virus-related HCC after curative treatment. In this review, the authors provide a thorough overview of the various adjuvant treatments that have been attempted or are being considered for trial.
Fasting enhances the response of arcuate neuropeptide Y-glucose-inhibited neurons to decreased extracellular glucose (2009)

Fasting increases neuropeptide Y (NPY) expression, peptide levels, and the excitability of NPY-expressing neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate (ARC) nucleus. A subpopulation of ARC-NPY neurons ( approximately 40%) are glucose-inhibited (GI)-type glucose-sensing neurons. Hence, they depolarize in response to decreased glucose. Because fasting enhances NPY neurotransmission, we propose that during fasting, GI neurons depolarize in response to smaller decreases in glucose. This increased excitation in response to glucose decreases would increase NPY-GI neuronal excitability and enhance NPY neurotransmission. Using an in vitro hypothalamic explant system, we show that fasting enhances NPY release in response to decreased glucose concentration. By measuring relative changes in membrane potential using a membrane potential-sensitive dye, we demonstrate that during fasting, a smaller decrease in glucose depolarizes NPY-GI neurons. Furthermore, incubation in low (0.7 mM) glucose enhanced while leptin (10 nM) blocked depolarization of GI neurons in response to decreased glucose. Fasting, leptin, and glucose-induced changes in NPY-GI neuron glucose sensing were mediated by 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). We conclude that during energy sufficiency, leptin reduces the ability of NPY-GI neurons to sense decreased glucose. However, after a fast, decreased leptin and glucose activate AMPK in NPY-GI neurons. As a result, NPY-GI neurons become depolarized in response to smaller glucose fluctuations. Increased excitation of NPY-GI neurons enhances NPY release. NPY, in turn, shifts energy homeostasis toward increased food intake and decreased energy expenditure to restore energy balance.
Hemianopic and Quadrantanopic Field Loss, Eye and Head Movements, and Driving (2011)

Persons with hemianopic and quadrantanopic defects rated as safe to drive compensated by making more head movements into their blind field, combined with more stable lane keeping and less sudden braking. Future research should evaluate whether these characteristics could be trained in rehabilitation programs aimed at improving driving safety in this population.
Wide Field, Minimally Invasive OCT: Recent Advances and Clinical Implications (2009)

Recent advances in minimally-invasive probes and illumination and detection strategies for optical coherence tomography have enabled dramatically faster imaging speeds and open the possibility of high-resolution diagnostic imaging of entire organ epithelial and endothelial surfaces. (Novel Techniques in Microscopy, 2009). Download original .PDF file here: &lt;a href="http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=NTM-2009-NTuB4"&gt;NTuB4&lt;/a&gt;.
Abstract 12336: Non-invasive Screening for Pulmonary Hypertension in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (2015)

Introduction: Pulmonaryhypertension (PH) is a common complication of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) that is associated with poor prognosis. Screening for PH in IPF patients proves to be challenging. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that combining several non-invasive studies can predict the presence of PH in IPF patients. Methods: We included 235 IPF patients who underwent right heart catheterization (RHC) as part of the lung transplant evaluation. We measured ECG and echocardiographic variables as well as the pulmonary artery (PA) diameter and ascending aorta (AA) diameters on chest CT. We recorded results of arterial blood gases (ABG), pulmonary function (PFT) and 6-min walk tests (6MWT). Results: Several variables were predictors of PH in IPF patients in univariate models including arterial oxygenation, 6MWT distance, worse right ventricular (RV) function, the QRS axis, FVC/DLCOc ratio, PA/AA diameter ratio and estimated RV systolic pressure. In multivariate analysis, RV function and PA/AA ratio remained predictors of PH (c-statistics 0.75 (0.65-0.84), accuracy 71.4%). Similarly, RV function, PA/AA ratio and QRS axis were independent predictors of precapillary PH (c-statistics 0.86 (0.76-0.92), accuracy 84.2%). A combination of PA/AA diameter ratio &lt;1.1, a QRS axis &lt;90° and normal RV function showed a negative predictive value of 85% for precapillary PH. Conclusions: There are significant differences in ECG, echocardiographic, chest CT, PFT and ABG parameters between IPF patients with and without PH. However, these noninvasive tests alone or combination are not accurate enough for PH screening in IPF.
In vivo isolation of Salmonella choleraesuis from porcine neutrophils (1992)

Seventy-five pigs from 4 facilities were examined for Salmonella choleraesuis by use of bacteriologic culture of feces, blood, WBC (buffy coat), mononuclear leukocytes, and neutrophils. The organism was isolated from 0 of 75 fecal samples, compared with isolation from 39 of 75 purified neutrophil preparations. Of the pigs that did not have Salmonella isolated from feces or blood, but had S choleraesuis isolated from neutrophils, 6 were further examined. These pigs from 2 groups again had culture performed at least 3 successive times to test for repeatability and to determine optimal number of neutrophils required for Salmonella isolation. These same pigs were euthanatized and necropsied. Nineteen tissue specimens from each pig were obtained for culture, but S choleraesuis was isolated only from neutrophil samples. Results indicate that neutrophils may contribute to the carrier state in pigs and should be cultured when attempting to identify S choleraesuis carrier swine.
Thermally stable and low-loss optical waveguide using optical-fiber-embedded epoxy matrix for optical printed-circuit board applications (2010)

This paper proposes a low-loss and thermally stable waveguide component for optical printed-circuit board (OPCB) applications. The proposed waveguide component is formed using silica fiber as a waveguide medium and seamlessly linking the 90°-bent parts to the planar optical layer. The component was designed through considerations of optical loss, mechanical failure, thermal stability, module packaging, and applicability in PCB system in determination of fiber-core-diameter, bending radius, waveguide-mounting epoxy material, and packaging structure. In the experiment, we used a multimode fiber with 100&#956;m-core-diameter, a MT-ferrule component to hold the 90°-bent fiber and to package the surface modules, and a 353ND thermo-curable epoxy resin to mount the ferrule parts on planar fiber layer. The optimized bending radius was selected near 3mm to avoid mechanical failure. The measured average value of the insertion loss for the whole waveguide component was as low as -0.145dB. In the thermal test similar to the PCB lamination process, the loss characteristics were not significantly degraded. In the packaging of optical transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) modules, we used a ceramic lid on which optical devices and IC chips were integrated and guide holes were formed. The optical Tx/Rx modules assembled on the waveguide plate showed a successful data transmission up to 8Gbps. The results demonstrate that our proposed waveguide component can be applied for a simple fabrication of OPCBs.
On radiation from canonical source configurations embedded in structurally chiral materials (2003)

Abstract Radiation due to six canonical configurations for the source current density embedded in a structurally chiral medium is analyzed theoretically. The radiation spectrum is highly dependent on whether its source is co‐chiral or cross‐chiral, and is localized either in or on the edges of the Bragg regime. The obtained conclusions hold for both chiral liquid crystals and chiral sculptured thin films doped with fluorescent dyes, etc. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 37: 37–40, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/mop.10818
Iliac Veins Are More Compressible Than Iliac Arteries: A New Method of Testing (2019)

Incompressibility implies that a tissue preserves its volume regardless of the loading conditions. Although this assumption is well-established in arterial wall mechanics, it is assumed to apply for the venous wall without validation. The objective of this study is to test whether the incompressibility assumption holds for the venous wall. To investigate the vascular wall volume under different loading conditions, inflation-extension testing protocol was used in conjunction with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in both common iliac arteries (n = 6 swine) and common iliac veins (n = 9 dogs). Use of IVUS allows direct visualizations of lumen dimensions simultaneous with direct measurements of outer dimensions during loading. The arterial tissue was confirmed to preserve volume during various load conditions (p = 0.11) consistent with the literature, while the venous tissue was found to lose volume (about 35%) under loaded conditions (p < 0.05). Using a novel methodology, this study shows the incompressibility assumption does not hold for the venous wall especially at higher pressures, which suggests that there may be fluid loss through the vein wall during loading. This has important implications for coupling of fluid transport across the wall and biomechanics of the wall in healthy and diseased conditions.
Objective Color Measuring System (1982)

Abstract : A project was established to design a practical instrumental method for judging color acceptability of textiles. The present visual method leads to subjective judgments that often are equivocal. The project was divided into four phases. Phase I determined that three commercial spectrophotometers are capable of meeting the optical requirements. In Phase II a prototype system was designed. This included development of a procedure for mathematical expression of acceptability; a rigorous system-wide calibration procedure; and computer software to control calibration and operation, to make necessary computations, to store required data, and to communicate between the master unit and remote stations. An expandable two-unit system was procured; the master unit is located at NLABS and one remote unit is located at the Defense Personnel Support Center in Philadelphia. This report outlines all four phases of the program; summarizes in some detail the results of Phase I and II, which are complete; and briefly discusses the beginnings of work on Phase III.