gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Learning combination of evidence functions in object recognition (1993)

This paper describes a learning system, OMLET, which helps to automate the construction of function-based object recognition systems. OMLET is designed to learn fuzzy membership functions which approximate the al- lowable ranges of physical dimensions such as width, area, relative orientation, etc. The learning is done by iterative error reduction on a set of labeled train- ing examples. Results from a chair domain show that the system is capable of learning the fuzzy membership functions. of the category bench than it is of the category chair. This transition from chair to bench is fuzzy. The goal of OMLET is to learn an appropriate fuzzy membership function for the measurements of functional properties that are used to define the functional requirements. The membership function needs to both accurately de- scribe the labeled training examples and provide ac- ceptable generalizations to unseen examples. OMLET is designed to work in concert with GRUFF (8, 7), a function-based computer vision system. Input to GRUFF is expected in the form of rules which consti- tute a complete boundary surface description of a valid 3-D object. The system is asked to attempt to cate- gorize the object as belonging to a subcategory, with a cumulative association measure. GRUFF uses the fuzzy probabilistic t-norm, t-conorm pair (2) in com- bining evidence. Output includes recognition of the (sub)category of which the object is believed to be member (if it is of a known kind), identification of the portions of the object structure that fulfill the required functions, and a measure of the overall goodness for the fulfillment of the functions required by the object (sub)category. Given actual range measurements and examples that match GRUFF's, OMLET will learn the appropriate fuzzy membership functions for each of the parameter ranges. We show results from a domain of chairs (8). The advantage of this system is that it will allow function based computer vision systems to be developed without the time intensive trial and error process of actually determining what the fuzzy mem- bership values for the physical ranges need to be.
Aero-Thermal Computations With Experimental Comparison Applied to Aircraft Engine Nacelle Compartment (2005)

A joint Airbus &amp; Snecma study on aero-thermal methodology applied to nacelle compartment is presented. Both partners have used their own simulation tools and compared their results with a real engine configuration to highlight the temperature heterogeneities on the engine casing and characterize equipment thermal fields. From the CFD, the structure of the flow has been consolidated in a cavity without equipments. The impact of equipment items on flow behavior has been studied in a second step. From a thermal aspect, the weight of both radiative and convective transfers has been estimated. Comparisons with engine thermocouple data show that the difference on average metal temperatures per station is less than 10% whereas the temperature gradient are underestimated in a range of [10–30]°C.
A maltose-binding protein/adeno-associated virus Rep68 fusion protein has DNA-RNA helicase and ATPase activities (1995)

The adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV) Rep68 protein produced in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein with maltose-binding protein (MBP-Rep68 delta) has previously been shown to possess DNA-DNA helicase activity, as does the purified wild-type Rep68. In the present study, we demonstrate that MBP-Rep68 delta also catalyzes the unwinding of a DNA-RNA hybrid. MBP-Rep68 delta-mediated DNA-RNA helicase activity required ATP hydrolysis and the presence of Mg2+ ions and was inhibited by high ionic strength. The efficiency of the DNA-RNA helicase activity of MBP-Rep68 delta was comparable to its DNA-DNA helicase activity. However, MBP-Rep68 delta lacked the ability to unwind a blunt-ended DNA-RNA substrate and RNA-RNA duplexes. We have also demonstrated that MBP-Rep68 delta has ATPase activity which is enhanced by the presence of single-stranded DNA but not by RNA. The MBP-Rep68 delta NTP mutant protein, which has a lysine-to-histidine substitution at amino acid 340 in the putative nucleoside triphosphate-binding site of Rep68, not only lacks DNA-RNA helicase and ATPase activities but also inhibits the helicase activity of MBP-Rep68 delta. DNA-RNA helicase activity of Rep proteins might play a pivotal role in the regulation of AAV gene expression by AAV Rep proteins.
Is hyperoxaluria in a porcine model of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) associated with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency? (2015)

1Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland Head of the Department: prof. Stanislaw Winiarczyk, PhD 2Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland Head of the Department: prof. Jose L. Valverde Piedra, PhD 3Department of Animal Physiology, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland Head of the Department: prof. Iwona Puzio, PhD 4Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Head of the Department: prof. Christer Lofstedt, PhD 5R&D, SGPlus, Malmo, Sweden Chief Executive Officer: prof. Stefan G Pierzynowski, PhD 6General Surgery Department of the District Specialist Hospital, Lublin, Poland Head of the Department: Jerzy Mackiewicz, MD, PhD 7Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Poland Head of the Department: Andrzej Chrościcki, MD, PhD 8Department and Clinic of Animal Internal Diseases, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland Head of the Department: Jacek Madany, MD, PhD 9Department of Human Anatomy, Laboratory of Biostructure, Medical University of Lublin, Poland Head of the Department: prof. Ryszard Maciejewski, MD, PhD 10Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland Head of the Institute: prof. Iwona Bojar, MD, PhD 11Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kiev, Ukraine Head of Department: prof. Galyna Skibo, MD, PhD
17 Group II Introns: Ribozymes That Splice RNA and Invade DNA (2006)

Group II introns are a distinct class of ribozymes that catalyze their own excision from precursor RNAs (Michel and Ferat 1995; Bonen and Vogel 2001; Lehmann and Schmidt 2003). Once released, the intron RNAs are highly reactive transposable elements that can insert themselves, via reverse splicing, into new genomic locations, where they are converted to DNA by reverse transcription (Belfort et al. 2002; Lambowitz and Zimmerly 2004). Group II intron RNAs generally consist of six domains (DI–DVI), one of which (DIV) often contains an open reading frame (ORF) that encodes a specialized helper protein, called a “maturase” (Fig. 1) (Michel et al. 1989). The intron-encoded protein (IEP) stabilizes the active RNA structure and provides reverse transcriptase (RT) activity, thus assisting in both splicing and intron mobility. However, the catalytic apparatus for forward and reverse splicing resides within the RNA (Lambowitz et al. 1999). Group II introns are found in eubacteria (Ferat and Michel 1993; Martinez-Abarca and Toro 2000a), archaea (Toro 2003), and the organellar genes of plants, fungi, and yeast (Bonen and Vogel 2001). Different structural subclasses of group II intron RNAs (IIa, IIb, and IIc) have been distinguished on the basis of variations in the conserved structure and are thought to represent distinct lineages of mobile introns (Michel et al. 1989; Toor et al. 2001; Toro 2003). Group II introns provide an important window into basic understanding of RNA catalysis because they promote a variety of chemical reactions, often in collaboration with proteins such as maturases (Lehmann and...
Integrating Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing Into Syphilis Partner Services in Mississippi to Improve Human Immunodeficiency Virus Case Finding (2018)

Syphilis PS allowed MSDH to interact with 1592 men who have sex with men over a 30-month period and was effective for identifying people newly infected with early syphilis and HIV. Increasing HIV testing among partners of syphilis case patients could increase HIV case finding in Mississippi.
Cross-correlation of backsheet degradation between real-world exposed modules and accelerated exposures of backsheet materials(Conference Presentation) (2016)

heets are a key polymeric component of a PV module and understanding its degradation is necessary to be able to predict the lifetime of PV modules. We are developing a backsheet predictive tests and a model based on point- in-time data from analytical techniques and datastreams that are applicable to both outdoor and indoor PV module backsheet studies and are supplemented with meteorology data, climatic and brand/model, and other accessible information. The predictive tests and models will specify indoor and outdoor exposure and evaluation data acquisition criteria, variable selection, and temporal duration and variation so as to be able to predict backsheet performance in various climatic zones. This backsheet performance prediction is based on defined backsheet failures in the field, and is quantified by tracking backsheet degradation in the field so as to determine degradation rates. The backsheet lifetime performance predictive tests and models, will be developed using a Stressor / Mechanism / Response framework in which all data are categorized as stressor, mechanism and performance (response) variables and are represented as discrete points-in-time datasets. We will develop and validate these accelerated indoor exposures and evaluations and models and cross-correlate the outdoor and accelerated indoor exposures and evaluations. The evaluation techniques include nondestructive spectroscopy and microscopy techniques and destructive techniques and will provide data in predefined variables, which are used in the predictive modeling.
Thyrotropin (TSH) interacts with multiple discrete regions of the TSH receptor: polyclonal rabbit antibodies to one or more of these regions can inhibit TSH binding and function. (1994)

As a means of identifying functional regions of the TSH receptor (TSHr), we immunized four rabbits with recombinant extracellular TSHr (ETSHr) protein and systematically evaluated their antibody response. The antibody response was characterized by testing serial serum samples for immunoglobulin G (IgG) against ETSHr protein and 26 synthetic peptides which span the entire ETSHr. Sera were also tested for their ability to block TSH binding to native TSHr. All four rabbits developed high serum IgG titers (>1:100,000) to ETSHr. None of the rabbits developed significant IgG titers against 11 of the peptides, but each showed persistent high titers against several of the others. After multiple inoculations of antigen, sera from 3 rabbits showed significant ability to block TSH binding. Based on the ability of peptides to reverse this blocking activity, we identified 3 regions of the TSHr (i.e. amino acids 292-311, 367-386, and 397-415) through which antibodies can block TSH binding. Moreover, antibodies purified on either peptide 292-311 or peptide 367-386 affinity columns could block both TSH binding and TSH-mediated activation of thyroid cells in culture. These studies show ETSHr protein is sufficient to induce production of functionally relevant antibodies. Furthermore, we have identified several sites on the TSHr through which antibodies can inhibit TSH binding, thus leading to identification of several potential TSH-binding regions.
76 Effects of concrete bit wear on drill handle vibration, drilling productivity and changes in bit tip geometry (2018)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The use of hammer drills for concrete drilling exposes construction workers to high levels of hand vibration that may lead to hand arm vibration syndrome and other musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of concrete bit wear on drill handle vibration, productivity, and change in bit shape. <h3>Methods</h3> A laboratory test bench system was used to automatically advance an active 8.3 kg hammer drill with a 1.9 cm diameter carbide-tipped bit into aged concrete block under feed force control to a depth of 7.5 cm while drill handle vibration (ISO 5349 and 28927) and penetration rate (mm/s) were measured. Bits were worn to 4 levels by consecutively drilling holes to cumulative depths of 0, 1900, 5700 and 7600 cm. Image analysis methods quantified 13 geometric parameters of the carbide tip. Changes in the geometric parameters were compared to changes in penetration rate. <h3>Result</h3> Z-axis handle vibration increased significantly (p&lt;0.05) from 4.8 to 5.1 m/s<sup>2</sup> (ISO weighted) and from 42.7 to 47.6 m/s<sup>2</sup> (unweighted) when comparing a new bit to a bit worn to 1900 cm of cumulative drilling depth, but did not increase further with more wear. Drilling time increased by 58% for the worn (5700 cm) bit compared to a new bit. Changes in bit shape highly correlated to reduced productivity were increased fluke slope, increased shoulder rounding, and decreased tip width. <h3>Discussion</h3> Carbide-tipped bit wear was associated with a small increase in ISO weighted and unweighted z-axis handle vibration and a large decrease in drilling productivity. To reduce drill-handle vibration levels and exposure time to hand vibration, construction contractors should implement a bit replacement program guided by bit wear. Other controls, such as exposure time per day, may also be necessary to adequately protect workers from hazardous levels of hand vibration.
First Highly Regio- and Diastereoselective [3+2] Cycloaddition of Chiral Nonracemic Alkenyl Fischer Carbene Complexes with Diazomethane Derivatives: Preparation and Synthetic Applications of Enantiomerically Pure Δ2-Pyrazolines (1999)

Enantiomerically pure orthogonally N,N′-diprotected azaprolines 1 and 2,4-diaminoalcohols 2 are readily accessible by [3+2] cycloaddition of (−)-8-phenylmenthol-derived alkenyl Fischer carbene complexes 3 with diazomethane derivatives.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress mediates resistance to BCL-2 inhibitor in uveal melanoma cells (2020)

To address unmet clinical need for uveal melanomas, we assessed the effects of BH3-mimetic molecules, the ABT family, known to exert pro-apoptotic activities in cancer cells. Our results uncovered that ABT-263 (Navitoclax), a potent and orally bioavailable BCL-2 family inhibitor, induced antiproliferative effects in metastatic human uveal melanoma cells through cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and subsequently apoptotic cell death monitored by caspase activation and poly-ADP ribose polymerase cleavage. ABT-263-mediated reduction in tumor growth was also observed in vivo. We observed in some cells that ABT-263 treatment mounted a pro-survival response through activation of the ER stress signaling pathway. Blocking the PERK signaling pathway increased the pro-apoptotic ABT-263 effect. We thus uncovered a resistance mechanism in uveal melanoma cells mediated by activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. Therefore, our study identifies ABT-263 as a valid therapeutic option for patients suffering from uveal melanoma.
Heritable susceptibility for colitis in mice induced by IL-10 deficiency (2000)

Severity of inflammatory bowel disease in IL-10 gene-targeted mice is in part determined by genetic background. In the current study, a targeted IL-10 gene was transferred into the C3H/HeJBir substrain, known to exhibit high T-cell and B-cell responses to enteric flora, and to be highly sensitive to colitigenic stress. IL-10-deficient C3H/HeJBir mice developed early onset colitis in contrast to IL-10-deficient C57BL/6J congenic mice. Histopathologic analysis of disease in C3H/HeJBir.Il10-/- and C57BL/6J.Il10-/- mice showed significant differences at all ages studied. Hybrids of these congenic strains (F1.Il10-/-) were produced to study the mode of inheritance as well as subphenotypes that correlated with histopathology. Lesions in F1 mice were intermediate between parental strains. C3H-contributed subphenotypes that correlated best with histopathology were peripheral blood granulocyte percentage, serum amyloid A concentration, spleen weight/body weight ratio, and mesenteric lymph node weight/ body weight ratio. Neither enhanced humoral immunity (secretory IgA, anti-Escherichia coli cellular membrane Ig) characteristic of C3H/HeJBir, nor T-cell percentages in peripheral blood correlated as well. This study represents a necessary step in elucidating murine genetic modifiers controlling colitis sensitivity.
ModuloNET: Neural Networks Meet Modular Arithmetic for Efficient Hardware Masking (2021)

Intellectual Property (IP) thefts of trained machine learning (ML) models through side-channel attacks on inference engines are becoming a major threat. Indeed, several recent works have shown reverse engineering of the model internals using such attacks, but the research on building defenses is largely unexplored. There is a critical need to efficiently and securely transform those defenses from cryptography such as masking to ML frameworks. Existing works, however, revealed that a straightforward adaptation of such defenses either provides partial security or leads to high area overheads. To address those limitations, this work proposes a fundamentally new direction to construct neural networks that are inherently more compatible with masking. The key idea is to use modular arithmetic in neural networks and then efficiently realize masking, in either Boolean or arithmetic fashion, depending on the type of neural network layers. We demonstrate our approach on the edge-computing friendly binarized neural networks (BNN) and show how to modify the training and inference of such a network to work with modular arithmetic without sacrificing accuracy. We then design novel masking gadgets using Domain-Oriented Masking (DOM) to efficiently mask the unique operations of ML such as the activation function and the output layer classification, and we prove their security in the glitch-extended probing model. Finally, we implement fully masked neural networks on an FPGA, quantify that they can achieve a similar latency while reducing the FF and LUT costs over the state-of-the-art protected implementations by 34.2% and 42.6%, respectively, and demonstrate their first-order side-channel security with up to 1M traces.
Human cytokine-induced killer cells have enhanced in vitro cytolytic activity via non-viral interleukin-2 gene transfer (2004)

Abstract Modulation of the immune system by genetically modified immunological effector cells is of potential therapeutic value in the treatment of malignancies. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a crucial cytokine which induces potent antitumor response. Cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK) have been described as highly efficient cytotoxic effector cells capable of lysing tumor cell targets and are capable of recognizing these cells in a non-MHC restricted fashion. Dendritic cells (DC) are the major antigen presenting cells. This study evaluated the antitumor effect of CIK cells which were non-virally transfected with IL-2 and co-cultured with pulsed and unpulsed DC. Human CIK cells generated from peripheral blood were transfected in vitro with plasmid encoding for the human IL-2. Transfection involved a combination of electrical parameters and a specific solution to deliver plasmid directly to the cell nucleus by using the Nucleofector ® electroporation system. Nucleofection resulted in the production of IL-2 with a mean of 478.5 pg/10 6 cells (range of 107.6–1079.3 pg /10 6 cells/24 h) compared to mock transfected CIK cells (31 pg/10 6 cells) ( P = 0.05). After co-culturing with DC their functional ability was assessed in vitro by a cytotoxicity assay. On comparison with non-transfected CIK cells co-cultured with DCs (36.5 ± 5.3 %), transfected CIK cells co-cultured with DC had a significantly higher lytic activity of 58.5 ± 3.2% ( P = 0.03) against Dan G cells, a human pancreatic carcinoma cell line.
Property directed invariant refinement for program verification (2014)

We present a novel, sound, and complete algorithm for deciding safety properties in programs with static memory allocation. The new algorithm extends the program verification paradigm using loop invariants presented in [1] with a counterexample guided abstraction refinement (CEGAR) loop [2] where the refinement is achieved by strengthening loop invariants using the QF_BV generalization of Property Directed Reachability (PDR) discussed in [3, 4]. We compare the algorithm with other approaches to program verification and report experimental results.
Loyalty or profit? Early evolutionary dynamics of online game groups (2013)

The life and evolution of a social group - its birth, growth, decline, and possible demise - have long been the focus of social science research. The birth and the early growth patterns of social groups, in particular, have been studied relatively little because of the lack of detailed data that describe the trajectories of groups during their early lives. In this paper, we report the major factors that govern the early dynamics of the evolution of social groups that are found in the complete data about user behaviors and activities for ArcheAge, a large-scale Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game (MMORPG). We find that in the early stages of a game where uncertainties prevail regarding the stability of a group, prospects for benefit are the more important factor in a group's growth than personal or social loyalty.
Capacitive monitoring of electrostatic MEMS tunable evanescent-mode cavity resonators (2011)

This paper presents for the first time a novel concept for monitoring the resonant frequency of electrostatic MEMS tunable high-Q evanescent-mode cavity resonators through capacitance measurement. The proposed scheme relies on the fact that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the actuation capacitance C s and the resonant frequency f 0 . This relationship is derived theoretically using a spring-mass model. The proposed monitoring concept is then validated by static measurement using a capacitance meter. Discussions are given on implementing a dynamic monitoring scheme by using custom-designed integrated high-speed CMOS capacitance sensors.
PIP4KIIA and β‐globin: transcripts differentially expressed in reticulocytes and associated with high levels of Hb H in two siblings with Hb H disease (2009)

We are reporting here the results of differential gene expression experiments comparing two siblings, a 21-yr-old male and a 19-yr-old female, with the same alpha-thalassemia genotype (-alpha(3.7)/(--SEA)) and quite different levels of Hb H in the peripheral blood (18.7 and 5%, respectively). By using mRNA differential-display reverse-transcription-PCR and suppression subtractive hybridization, two main transcripts were selected in both procedures and validated by qRT-PCR, one corresponding to the phosphatidylinositol phosphate 4-kinase type II-alpha (PIP4KIIA) gene and the other to the beta-globin gene, both over expressed in the patient with the higher percentage of Hb H. Type II PIP kinases produce phosphatidylinositol 4,5 biphosphate, a critical and pleiotropic regulatory molecule involved in diverse cellular activities, including gene expression. Our results suggest that PIP4KIIA may be one of the factors related to the regulation of the beta-globin gene expression and the different levels of Hb H in alpha-thalassemic patients.