gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface Electromagnetic Wave at a Tilted Uniaxial Bicrystalline Interface (2006)

The propagation of a surface electromagnetic wave at the interface of identical uniaxial dielectric half-spaces with a relative twist in their orientation about an axis perpendicular to the interface is formulated as a boundary value problem, the direction of propagation being along the bisector of the relative twist angle and both optic axes being tilted to the interface. Only positive uniaxiality supports surface-wave propagation. When the optic axes in both half-spaces are tilted relative to the interface, the range of the relative twist angle which supports surface waves diminishes and eventually disappears at some maximum value of the tilt angle which depends on the degree of uniaxiality. At optical frequencies and with relatively large degree of uniaxiality, the surface waves are localized within 10's to 100's of nm of the interface.
Measurement of angular divergence and ion species ratios of an rf-driven multicusp ion source for diagnostic neutral beam by Doppler shift spectroscopy (2000)

The ion species ratios as well as the angular divergences are measured by using a Doppler shift spectroscopy of Hα spectral lines, which originate from several different ions, such as H2+ and H3+ as well as H+, and are spectrally well resolvable from each other on the measured spectral window of detection system. The angular divergences of the ion beam components are determined from the linewidths of the measured emission lines, and the ratio of mixed species is deduced from the intensity ratio of each peak. The ion species ratios measured by the Doppler shift spectroscopy are cross checked by a mass analyzing magnet. The measurements are performed varying the input rf power and the operating source pressure.
Abstract 13824: Computerized Tomography vs Ultrasound Imaging for Detecting Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury (2021)

Introduction: After an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), the resulting hypoxic-ischemic injury (HII) to the brain remains the main cause of mortality. Standardized approaches for measuring the extent of injury and monitoring of changes are lacking and continue to be a critical barrier to progress in improving neurological survival. Objective: We sought to characterize the prevalence of HII detected on computerized tomography of the brain and its correlation to point-of-care optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurements as an alternative modality for detecting brain injury. Methods: Adult OHCA patients at an urban academic ED were included in this study on a convenience sample basis from 2018-2019. The patients were grouped by findings of hypoxic-ischemic injury (HII) on both initial and subsequent CT brain imaging performed after ROSC in respective groups. CT Brain findings were compared to ONSD measurements as performed with point-of-care ultrasound by fellowship-trained emergency physicians within one hour of hospital arrival and at 6 hours, after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and to cerebral performance category (CPC) at hospital discharge. Results: 76 patients enrolled in the study had a median age was 59, 49% were female, and 37% survived to hospital discharge. 58 patients had CT head performed, 40 had ONSD measured within one hour, and 27 patients had both. Of that 27, 9 (33%) had evidence of HII on initial imaging and 15 (55%) had evidence of HII on subsequent imaging for a total of 20 unique patients. The average ONSD within 1 hour of ROSC for those with no HII on any imaging was 0.59 cm, and for those without HII on initial imaging but with HII on subsequent imaging was 0.67 cm, and this difference was statistically significant (p&lt; 0.05). Of the 20 patients with HI, 14 (70%) patients died and 6 (30%) survived with a CPC of 4. The average time to first CT head was 4 hours and 45 mins and the average time to subsequent imaging was 97 hours and 45 mins. Conclusion: After an OHCA, early time point ONSD measurements can potentially indicate brain injury within 1 hour of ROSC even in those without initial evidence of HII on CT imaging.
Specific primer for AP‐PCR identification of <i>Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans</i> (1999)

We used arbitrarily-primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) to design and construct a specific primer pair for the identification of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. We analyzed 25 DNA samples of A. actinomycetemcomitans isolated from patients with localized-juvenile periodontitis. From 90 AP-PCR primers screened, one amplification product was selected, cloned in pCR II vector, and sequenced. The sequence was used to design a single pair of specific primers. The sequence was compared with GenBank entries using BLAST and showed no significant matches. PCR amplification using the new primer pair AA1416 produced a characteristic 3.5-Kb band in all A. actinomycetemcomitans DNAs tested. Primer pair AA16S produced no or different amplicon profiles using DNA samples from bacterial species other than A. actinomycetemcomitans. Our results show that this single primer pair AA1416 can be used in PCR to identify A. actinomycetemcomitans isolates and differentiate them from other periodontal bacteria. These approaches appear promising in facilitating laboratory identification and taxonomy of putative periodontopathogens.
CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION LAB PROCEDURES: SAFE JOURNEY IN SAFE HANDS (2016)

Objectives: To find out the immediate complications of different procedures performed routinely in cardiac catheterization Lab. Methodology: This cross sectional study was performed in Cardiology Unit of Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2015. Patients of either gender were included in the study. Different procedures like coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention and PTMC were performed during the period of the study. All the procedures were done by a single operator after informed consent. Patients less than 20 years were excluded from the study. Complication developed during 24 hr or immediately after or during the procedure were noted. All the data was analyzed on SPSS version 16. Results: This study included 259 patients presented to Cardiology Unit for different cardiac cath procedures. Of them 174 (67.2%) were males. Mean age was 53.06±12.7 years. In these patients coronary angiography was performed in 113 (43.6%) patients, PCI in 120 (46.3%), PTMC in 25(9.7%) and pulmonary angiography in 1 (0.4%) patient. Immediate complications were recorded in 9 (3.6%) while no complication was found in 250 (96.5%) of the procedures performed. Complications like expiry, failure to cross the lesion, failure to deploy stent, ventricular fibrillation, femoral artery dissection, stent damage, and cardiac temponade was found in only a single case each, making about 0.4% each with p value of 0.9. Conclusion: Complications of different procedures performed in Cardiac catheterization Lab of a tertiary care hospital are safe provided performed in experienced hands. Key Words: Coronary Angiography, PCI, PTMC, Cardiac Temponade, Femoral Artery Dissection
Nano-sized self-assemblies of nonionic surfactants as solubilization reservoirs and microreactors for food systems (2005)

In recent studies we have found unique mixtures of food-grade oils, two or more food-grade nonionic hydrophilic emulsifiers, cosolvent (polyol), and coemulsifiers that self-assemble to form mixed reverse micelles ("the concentrate") and can be diluted with an aqueous phase, progressively and continuously, without phase separation, and are transformed into bicontinuous structures and finally, upon further dilution, can be inverted into oil-in-water nanodroplets. The "concentrate" is capable of solubilizing nutraceuticals, drugs, antioxidants, and other compounds that are poorly soluble in water or in the oil phase, with 10-20 times more solubility capacity than that of any food-grade oils or water phase. For example, phytosterols were solubilized up to 12 times more than the dissolution capacity of the oil (-(+)-limonene) for the same compounds. Similarly, the solubilization of lycopene in the concentrate was found to be ten times more than in the corresponding oil. The effects of the guest molecule and microemulsions ingredients on the microstructure transitions and their interfacial reactivity were studied, and the correlation between the surface activity of the guest molecule and its effect on the phase transitions was determined. The advantages of these systems in protecting the solubilizates from environmental reactivity (oxidation), was demonstrated. Lycopene did not oxidize-even after 75 days in an open vessel-if solubilized in the microemulsion medium, while if left unformulated, it was totally oxidized. The systems are unique since they demonstrate significant interfacial reactivity. Maillard reactions between sugars and amino acids, carried out at the O/W interface, can be kinetically controlled better than reactions carried out in the aqueous phase; the products are more regioselective and can form Maillard compounds that are not found in aqueous phase processes. Advanced analytical techniques such as SAXS, PGSE-NMR, and viscosity measurements have been used to evaluate the microstructures of the reverse and direct swollen micelles in both the absence and presence of the guest molecules.
A Bibliography of Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy : 1985-1997 (1998)

This volume covers the same type of references published in the earlier volume with an intentional overlap for 1985 publications. In addition to references received directly from the authors, computer searches in Chemical Abstracts were also used to collect references. The articles are listed chronologically. Each one has a unique index number in which the first two digits represent the year of publication.
Neurotrophic Properties of Silexan, an Essential Oil from the Flowers of Lavender-Preclinical Evidence for Antidepressant-Like Properties (2020)

Taken together, Silexan demonstrates antidepressant-like effects in cellular as well as animal models for antidepressant activity. Therefore, our data provides preclinical evidence for the clinical antidepressant effects of Silexan in patients with mixed depression and anxiety.
Outcomes of balloon dilation for paediatric laryngeal stenosis (2020)

Balloon laryngoplasty is a valuable therapeutic option to improve laryngeal patency in children with chronic multilevel LS, both as a primary and secondary adjuvant treatment after reconstructive surgery.
GUANYLATE CYCLASES IN CNS: ENZYMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SOLUBLE AND PARTICULATE ENZYMES FROM MOUSE CEREBELLUM AND RETINA (1978)

Abstract Guanylate cyclase activity is present in both soluble and particulate fractions of homogenates of mouse cerebellum and retina. Soluble guanylate cyclases in cerebellum and retina have an apparent K m for GTP of approx 40 and 70 μM, respectively; are stimulated by Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ in the presence of low Mn 2+ ; and do not respond to NaN 3 , NH 2 OH or detergent. The particulate guanylate cyclase found in brain has an apparent K m GTP of 237 7mu;M, is not stimulated by Ca 2+ or Mg 2+ in the presence of low Mn 2+ , but is stimulated by NaN 3 , NH 2 OH, and detergent. In particulate fractions of normal retina, guanylate cyclase has two apparent K m GTP values (42 and 225 μM); has higher activity at low concentrations of Mn 2+ (0.5 mM) than at high concentrations (5.0 mM); is inhibited by Ca 2+ ; and does not respond to NaN 3 , NH 2 OH, or detergent. Retinas essentially devoid of photoreceptor cells (from mice with photoreceptor dystrophy) have soluble guanylate cyclase activity which is similar to that in normal retina, but have only 4% as much particulate guanylate cyclase activity. This residual particulate guanylate cyclase has an apparent K m GTP value of 392 μM and other properties similar to particulate guanylate cyclase from brain. These data indicate the presence of three distinguishable guanylate cyclases in CNS: (1) a soluble enzyme present in both brain and retina: (2) a particulate enzyme which is also present in brain and in the inner or neural retina: and (3) another particulate enzyme which is apparently unique and confined to retinal photoreceptor cells.
Maximum power point tracking of partial shaded photovoltaic array using an evolutionary algorithm: A particle swarm optimization technique (2014)

Partial shading is one of the unavoidable complications in the field of solar power generation. Although the most common approach in increasing a photovoltaic (PV) array's efficiency has always been to introduce a bypass diode to the said array, this poses another problem in the form of multi-peaks curves whenever the modules are partially shaded. To further complicate matters, most conventional Maximum Power Point Tracking methods develop errors under certain circumstances (for example, they detect the local Maximum Power Point (MPP) instead of the global MPP) and reduce the efficiency of PV systems even further. Presently, much research has been undertaken to improve upon them. This study aims to employ an evolutionary algorithm technique, also known as particle swarm optimization, in MPP detection.
CONCERT (1998)

This paper presents a novel concurrent fault simulator (called CONCERT) for nonlinear analog circuits. Three prima~techniques in CONCERT including fault ordering, state prediction, and rednced-order fault matrti computation, greatly simplifi fault sittudation by making use of the residual similarities bem'een the faul~andfault$ree circuits. Be~een successive time steps, all circuits in the fanlt list are simulated concurrently before the simulator proceeds to the nert titne step. CONCERT also generates accurate fault co~'erage statistics that are tied to the circuit specifications. Up to nt,o orders of magnitudes speedup are obtained for cotnplete fault simulation, )t'ithout any loss of accuracy. More speedup is achieved by COiVCERT for evaluating the fault coverase of a test, using fault ordering and fault dropping technique.
A New Method for Quantitative XEDS Tomography of Complex Heteronanostructures (2016)

Reliable quantification of 3D results obtained by X‐ray energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (XEDS) tomography is currently hampered by the presence of shadowing effects and poor spatial resolution. Here, a method is presented which overcomes these problems by synergistically combining quantified XEDS data and high angle annular dark field–scanning transmission electron microscopy tomography. As a proof of principle, the approach is applied to characterize a complex Au/Ag nanorattle obtained through a galvanic replacement reaction. However, the technique that is proposed here is widely applicable to a broad range of nanostructures.
Healthcare IT Adoption under Different Government Models: Debating the HITECH Impacts (2010)

Governments around the world are investing in healt hcare as they attempt to increase access to care and the quality of care, while simultaneously lowering the costs of providing care. Many of these investments are in healthcare IT (HIT). The I T software industry is preparing for intensive competition for their HIT packages and workers in r esponse to government and private industry investments. Yet different national healthcare mode ls have produced widely differing healthcare outcomes and HIT adoption rates, with the U.S. perf orming poorly on both. The objective of this panel is to provide insights based on HIT research conducted in multiple healthcare contexts under different national government models, and then to e ngage the panel audience in debating the prospects for success of three IT-enabled healthcar e delivery reforms being government-funded in the U.S. over the next 5 years. Our larger goal is to provide a forum for information sharing that will motivate other IS researchers across the globa l IS research community to contribute to the design of solutions and the capturing of best pract ices that will address some of the key goals of IT-enabled healthcare reform: improved access and quality, and decreased costs.
Blood pressure–associated polymorphism controls ARHGAP42 expression via serum response factor DNA binding (2017)

We recently demonstrated that selective expression of the Rho GTPase-activating protein ARHGAP42 in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) controls blood pressure by inhibiting RhoA-dependent contractility, providing a mechanism for the blood pressure-associated locus within the ARHGAP42 gene. The goals of the current study were to identify polymorphisms that affect ARHGAP42 expression and to better assess ARHGAP42's role in the development of hypertension. Using DNase I hypersensitivity methods and ENCODE data, we have identified a regulatory element encompassing the ARHGAP42 SNP rs604723 that exhibits strong SMC-selective, allele-specific activity. Importantly, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of this element in cultured human SMCs markedly reduced endogenous ARHGAP42 expression. DNA binding and transcription assays demonstrated that the minor T allele variation at rs604723 increased the activity of this fragment by promoting serum response transcription factor binding to a cryptic cis-element. ARHGAP42 expression was increased by cell stretch and sphingosine 1-phosphate in a RhoA-dependent manner, and deletion of ARHGAP42 enhanced the progression of hypertension in mice treated with DOCA-salt. Our analysis of a well-characterized cohort of untreated borderline hypertensive patients suggested that ARHGAP42 genotype has important implications in regard to hypertension risk. Taken together, our data add insight into the genetic mechanisms that control blood pressure and provide a potential target for individualized antihypertensive therapies.
Estimating neuromuscular stimulation within the human torso with Taser® stimulus (2007)

Designers of electromuscular incapacitation devices need to know efficacy. Which areas of nerve and muscle are stimulated and are these areas adequate to cause incapacitation? This paper focuses on efficacy, which used a torso-sized finite element model with a mesh of about 5 mm. To estimate the neuromuscular regions stimulated by the Taser® X26, calculations of electric current density and field strength values with 1 A inserted into the torso using the Utah 3D mesh were made. Field-times-duration values for given Taser stimulation were calculated. Then the region where the motor nerve was stimulated by the Taser was estimated by using a field-times-duration threshold from Reilly (1998 Applied Bioelectricity: From Electrical Stimulation to Electropathology (New York: Springer)). Neuromuscular stimulation occurred up to about 19 cm away from the darts and included the spinal cord. The current density at the heart for dart separation less than 10 cm was smaller than for larger dart separation. Users of finite element computer models will find information for torso models and their creation, meshing and operation.
Prediction of Adverse Maternal Outcomes in Preeclampsia: Development and Validation of the FullPIERS Model (2011)

Maternal deaths from preeclampsia primarily result in cases with eclampsia, uncontrolled hypertension, or progressing HELLP syndrome. Delivery is the only cure for preeclampsia. Management strategies involve determination of risk factors to predict which pregnancies are at high risk for adverse maternal outcomes. Previous attempts to develop risk assessment models that could identify potential predictive risk factors for adverse outcomes occurring at any time after admission with preeclampsia have been unsuccessful. The aim of this prospective multicenter study was to develop and internally validate a preeclampsia outcome prediction model—the fullPIERS (Preeclampsia Integrated Estimate of RiSk) model that could identify serious or fatal complications in women with preeclampsia or who developed the disorder within 48 hours of hospital admission. Between 2003 and 2010, data for 2023 women from 8 international sites were entered into the fullPIERS database. The primary study outcome was maternal mortality or other serious complications of preeclampsia. A stepwise backward elimination logistic regression model incorporating routinely reported and informative variables was used to predict adverse maternal outcome. Standard methods were used to calculate the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Of the 2023 women with preeclampsia, 261 (13%) had adverse outcomes at any time after hospital admission and 106 (5%) had adverse outcomes within 48 hours of admission. Predictors in the fullPIERS model associated with adverse maternal outcome included gestational age at eligibility, chest pain or dyspnea, oxygen saturation, creatinine, platelet counts, and aspartate transaminase. Analysis of the fullPIERS model showed that the model predicted adverse maternal outcomes within the first 48 hours of eligibility; the AUC ROC was 0.88, with a 95% confidence interval, 0.84–0.92. Additionally, fullPIERS was also predictive of adverse maternal outcomes up to 7 days after eligibility (AUC ROC >0.7). Identification of women at high risk of preeclampsia complications at 48 hours to 7 days after admission may help guide clinical care and management of these women. Over time this may lead to development of new treatments and interventions that may reduce the risk of life-altering or life-ending complications such as stroke or end-organ damage.
Combination of Xpert MTB/RIF and MTBDRplus for Diagnosing Tuberculosis in a Chinese District (2020)

BACKGROUND The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) remains high in many countries, including some middle- and high-income countries without financial constraints for diagnosis and treatment. The implementation of an improved algorithm for diagnosis using 2 rapid molecular tests should help reduce the TB burden. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between April 2018 and March 2019, sputum samples from 711 patients suspected of TB in Nanshan, Shenzhen, China, were included in this prospective study. All sputum samples were examined by smear microscopy, Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) 960 culture, and Xpert MTB/RIF. The sputum remnants of Xpert MTB/RIF were used for MTBDRplus to confirm the Xpert results both for the presence of TB bacilli and for resistance to rifampicin (RIF), and also to diagnose multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). RESULTS In total, 200 (28.1%) of the 711 sputa were positive for TB by Xpert MTB/RIF, and the sputum remnants were used for MTBDRplus. The simultaneous use of Xpert MTB/RIF and MTBDRplus directly on sputum samples permitted accurate bacteriologic confirmation of TB in 64% (119/187) of cases and detection of 70% (7/10) of strains that were MDR. CONCLUSIONS The implementation of 2 rapid nucleic acid-based tests on sputum samples could facilitate the prompt and appropriate treatment of most TB cases.
Plasmonics, Coherent Light Matter Interactions and Photonic Crystals: Shaping the Future of Photonics? (2006)

We discuss the status of some promising emerging photonics technologies: plasmonics, coherent light matter interactions and photonic crystals, which could have a significant long-term impact
Photoantimicrobial Biohybrids by Supramolecular Immobilization of Cationic Phthalocyanines onto Cellulose Nanocrystals (2017)

The development of photoactive and biocompatible nanostructures is a highly desirable goal to address the current threat of antibiotic resistance. Here, we describe a novel supramolecular biohybrid nanostructure based on the non-covalent immobilization of cationic zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) derivatives onto unmodified cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), following an easy and straightforward protocol, in which binding is driven by electrostatic interactions. These non-covalent biohybrids show strong photodynamic activity against S. aureus and E. coli, representative examples of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively, and C. albicans, a representative opportunistic fungal pathogen, outperforming the free ZnPc counterparts and related nanosystems in which the photosensitizer is covalently linked to the CNC surface.