gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Probiotics-host communication (2010)

The intestinal microbiota includes a diverse group of functional microorganisms, including candidate probiotics or viable microorganisms that benefit the host. Beneficial effects of probiotics include enhancing intestinal epithelial cell function, protecting against physiologic stress, modulating cytokine secretion profiles, influencing T lymphocyte populations, and enhancing antibody secretion. Probiotics have demonstrated significant potential as therapeutic options for a variety of diseases, but the mechanisms responsible for these effects remain to be fully elucidated. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that probiotics communicate with the host by modulating key signaling pathways, such as NFκB and MAPK, to either enhance or suppress activation and influence downstream pathways. Beneficial microbes can profoundly alter the physiology of the gastrointestinal tract, and understanding these mechanisms may result in new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Nitrogen Heterocycles through Migratory Ring Expansion of Metalated Ureas (2016)

Key words ring expansion - medium-sized rings - ureas - benzodiazepines
UV Baked/Cured Photoresist Used as a Sacrificial Layer in MEMS Fabrication (2005)

Abstract : MEMS fabrication requires the release of compliant mechanical structures. A sacrificial layer is typically used to provide as a structural layer on which device layers can be deposited and subsequently removed to leave a suspended or freestanding device. There are several sacrificial layers commonly used in MEMS fabrication such as SiOsub2 polysilicon and polyimide. We have developed a sacrificial layer technique that can be used when many other sacrificial layers cannot be used. The use of photoresist that is Ultra Violet (UV) baked/cured as a sacrificial layer can save process steps. time and money. It can also be removed without the inherent problem of residues or stiction from wet processing, material by-products or the problematic issue of determining if the film has been completely removed.
Formation and Role of the Solidified Layer on a Fiber during the Fabrication of Fiber Reinforced Metal by the Liquid Process (1985)

It may be predicted that a thin solidified layer occurs on the surface of a fiber when the fiber reinforced metal is fabricated in a certain condition by the liquid process. The present paper deals with the demonstration of appearance of the layer and its effect on the tensile strength of composites.A model was proposed on the formation of the solidified layer, and the theoretical prediction of the permeability coefficient of molten metal to fiber preforms was derived from the model in connection with the production variables. A series of experimentals to measure the permeability in various fabricating conditions showed a good consistency with the theoretical one, so the model was verified.Other experiments were carried out to investigate the role of the layer. The tensile strength of specimens is always higher for the composites fabricated in the condition with the solidified layer than without the layer. Moreover, a lot of the reaction traces between fiber and matrix metal were observed on the fiber extracted from the composites without the solidified layer. These results show that the solidified layer acts as a protective film between the fiber and molten metal.
Peer trust in mobile ad-hoc communities (2004)

Abstract. An ad-hoc network is perceived as a community of autonomous devices that interconnect, interact and collaborate with each other. Ad-hoc networks have dynamic topologies and cannot rely on a continuous connection to the Internet. This introduces difficult security issues when attempting to provide authentication, membership management and access control. Thus, the users have to rely on other peers in the community to relay or provide security information in the form of assertions. We term this as peer trust. In this paper, we propose a policy-based approach to regulate the behaviour of users by explicitly defining the required policies for an ad-hoc community. A community specification, namely doctrine, defines a set of participants in terms of roles, the user-role assignment (URA) policies, authorisation and obligation policies, as well as constraint specifications. However, enforcing the policies itself is a challenging task and this paper describes the conditions under which peer trust can be used to perform authentication as well as to assist the enforcement of policies, in particular the URA policies. 1
Supplementary file 1 from Identification of Existing Drugs That Effectively Target &lt;i&gt;NTRK1&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;ROS1&lt;/i&gt; Rearrangements in Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Contents of the Dana-Farber Targeted Therapy Library and raw data&lt;/p&gt;
Assessment of T2-weighted Image Quality at Prostate MRI in Patients with and Those without Intramuscular Injection of Glucagon (2023)

Purpose To assess whether administration of intramuscular (IM) glucagon improves T2-weighted image quality at multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) of the prostate. Materials and Methods In this Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant single-center study, the authors retrospectively analyzed radiology reports from 3960 mpMRI examinations (2495 after exclusions) performed between September 2013 and September 2019 and performed outcome comparisons and semiquantitative image assessment of axial T2-weighted images from 120 consecutive mpMRI examinations performed between May 2015 and February 2016. Three experienced radiologists blinded to administration of IM glucagon assessed images using a five-point Likert scale (5 = no motion or blur) for overall image quality, anatomic delineation (prostate capsule, rectum, and lymph nodes), and identification of benign prostatic hyperplasia nodules. Wilcoxon rank sum and χ<sup>2</sup> tests were used to assess quantitative parameters. Results The number of mpMRI radiology reports (599 examinations performed with glucagon; 1896, without glucagon) mentioning <i>blur</i> or <i>motion</i> were similar between groups (<i>P</i> = .82). Regression analysis of semiquantitative image quality assessments of T2-weighted images from mpMRI examinations (60 performed with glucagon; 60, without glucagon) demonstrated that images with glucagon were more likely to receive higher scores (4 or 5 rating) than those without glucagon only when the rectum (<i>P</i> = .001) and lymph nodes (<i>P</i> = .01) were evaluated, not when the prostatic capsule, benign prostatic hyperplasia nodules, or overall image quality was evaluated. No evidence of differences was found in identified Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) lesions or targeted-biopsy Gleason scores. Conclusion Administration of IM glucagon did not improve T2-weighted image quality in prostate MRI examinations and showed similar PI-RADS scores and biopsy yields compared with examinations without glucagon. <b>Keywords:</b> MRI, Genital/Reproductive, Urinary, Prostate, Oncology, Observer Performance © RSNA, 2023 <i>Online supplemental material is available for this article</i>. See also commentary by Eberhardt in this issue.
Effect of prolonged blood contact time on deposition of cellular and amorphous material on Teflon-coated guidewires: A scanning electron microscopy study (1996)

Prolonged contact of blood with guidewires and catheters has been implicated in leading to thromboembolic complications during cardiac catheterization. To study the effect of exposure time on blood product deposition on Teflon-coated guidewires, 35 patients undergoing routine coronary arteriography were randomly assigned to three time groups with exposure of the guidewire to blood of 3, 5, and 10 min, respectively. The exposed wires were examined by scanning electron microscopy, and the micrographs were graded by a pathologist "blinded" as to the exposure time. Deposition of cellular and amorphous material on the guidewire surface and interstices was graded using an arbitrary scale of 1-10 (1, least amount; 10, abundant amount of material). All patients received low-dose systemic administration of heparin (2,500 units) at the beginning of the procedure. The overall activated clotting time (ACT) was 147 +/- 39 sec (mean +/- SD) prior to heparin dose. The mean ACT after low-dose systemic heparin, measured at sheath removal immediately after exposure of the wire to blood had been completed, rose to 241 +/- 79 sec (P < 0.0001). The deposition of cellular and amorphous material on the surface and grooves of the wire was not significantly different at 3, 5, and 10 min. Thus, in this study, Teflon-coated guidewires showed no increase in cellular or amorphous deposits from 3 min to 10 min of blood-wire contact time in the presence of low-dose heparinization.
Fe(O,OH) 6 Network Nanostructure of Rusts Formed on Weathering Steel (IV) (2006)

Conventional WS (0.3Ni-0.3Cu-0.5Cr-Fe in mass%) and advanced WS (3.0Ni-0.4Cu-Fe in mass%) were exposed to atmosphere in a rural area for 5 years and in a costal area for 9 years, respectively. The rusts on both steels were investigated by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) in the florescence geometry using a 19- element SSD (7) and Bent Crystal Laue Analyzer. Cu-K edge XAFS measurements were carried out at BL-9A and 12C at PF, KEK, Tsukuba, Japan.
Biometric Algorithms for 3D Face Recognition. (2008)

Abstract not provided.
Fluctuation Bounds for the Max-Weight Policy with Applications to State Space Collapse (2020)

We consider a multihop switched network operating under a max-weight scheduling policy and show that the distance between the queue length process and a fluid solution remains bounded by a constant multiple of the deviation of the cumulative arrival process from its average. We then exploit this result to prove matching upper and lower bounds for the time scale over which additive state space collapse (SSC) takes place. This implies, as two special cases, an additive SSC result in diffusion scaling under non-Markovian arrivals and, for the case of independent and identically distributed arrivals, an additive SSC result over an exponential time scale.
Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (KDM1A/LSD1) inhibition attenuates DNA double-strand break repair and augments the efficacy of temozolomide in glioblastoma (2023)

Our results provide evidence that KDM1A inhibition sensitizes GBM to TMZ via attenuation of DNA DSB repair pathways.
Seeking simplicity for the understanding of multiphase flows (2017)

Fluid mechanics is a discipline with rich phenomena, with motions occurring over an enormous range of length scales, and spanning a wide range of laminar and turbulent flows, instabilities, and applications in industry, nature, biology, and medicine. The subfield of complex fluids typically refers to those flows where the complexity is introduced, for example, by the presence of suspended particles, multiple phases, soft boundaries, and electrokinetic effects; several distinct multiphase flows of Newtonian fluids make up the examples in this article. Interfaces play a significant role and modify the flow with feedback that further changes the shapes of the interfaces. I will provide examples of our work highlighting (i) new features of classical instabilities triggered by changes in geometry, (ii) multiphase flows relevant to the design of liquid-infused substrates exhibiting effective slip while retaining the trapped liquid, and (iii) unexpected dynamics in flow at a T-junction. The interplay of experiments and mathematical models and/or simulations is critical to the new understanding developed.3 MoreReceived 2 July 2017DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.2.100507©2017 American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasFlows in porous mediaMicrofluidicsMultiphase flowsSaffman-Taylor instabilityFluid Dynamics
Development of a 150kW Microturbine System Which Applies the Humid Air Turbine Cycle (2007)

A prototype machine for a next generation microturbine system incorporating a simplified humid air turbine cycle has been developed for laboratory evaluation. Design targets of electrical output were 150 kW and of electrical efficiency, 35% LHV. The main feature of this microturbine system was utilization of water for improved electrical output, as lubricant for bearings and as coolant for the cooling system of the generator and the power conversion system Design specifications without WAC (Water Atomizing inlet air Cooling) and HAT (Humid Air Turbine) were rated output of 129 kW and efficiency of 32.5% LHV. Performance tests without WAC and HAT were done successfully. Electrical output of 135 kW with an efficiency of more than 33% was obtained in the rated load test. Operation tests for WAC and HAT were carried out under the partial load condition as preliminary tests. Water flow rates of WAC were about 0.43 weight % of inlet air flow rate of the compressor and of HAT, about 2.0 weight %. Effects of WAC and HAT were promptly reflected on electrical output power. Electrical outputs were increased 6 kW by WAC and 11kW by HAT, and efficiencies were increased 1.0 pt % by WAC and 2.0 pt % by HAT. Results of WAC and HAT performance tests showed significant effects on the electrical efficiency with an increase of 3.0 point % and electrical output with an increase of 20% by supplying just 2.4 weight % water as the inlet air flow rate of the compressor.
Land use change in the Amazon rain forest favours generalist fungi (2016)

Summary Land use change is a significant threat to biodiversity, particularly within tropical ecosystems, but the responses of microbial communities remain poorly understood. We used long‐term plots established in multiple land use types in the Brazilian Amazon to examine the effect of land use change on soil fungal communities. We measured fungal richness and composition and identified factors associated with shifts in community composition across multiple land use types, including primary forest, two secondary forests and a chronosequence of differently aged pastures. Additionally, we used distribution patterns to estimate the niche breadth of fungal taxa in order to quantify changes in the relative abundance of generalists, or fungi with broad environmental tolerance, in response to land use change. Conversion of primary forest to pasture resulted in large reductions in fungal richness coupled with substantial changes in community composition. Generalist fungi were strongly favoured in all pasture sites, regardless of time since conversion. Distance to primary forests was the strongest correlate of community composition in pastures, indicating that primary forests can act as reservoirs for recolonization by forest‐associated fungi. The two secondary forests showed variable patterns of richness, composition and the overall abundance of generalist fungi, suggesting that community recovery is stochastic. Fungal community response to land use change mirrors patterns observed in macroscopic organisms, which indicates that the increased prevalence of generalist taxa is a consistent response to disturbance across broad taxonomic groups. A lay summary is available for this article.
Increase in the infield critical current density of MgB<sub>2</sub> thin films by high-temperature post-annealing (2021)

Abstract We propose a novel fabrication technique based on the formation of a Nb protective layer on a MgB 2 thin film and high-temperature post-annealing to increase the critical current density ( J c ) of MgB 2 films under an external magnetic field. Analyses of the crystal structure and the composition of the processed MgB 2 films confirmed the suppression of the evaporation and oxidation of Mg by high-temperature annealing above 550 °C. The MgB 2 film annealed at 650 °C exhibited a J c of 1.62 MA cm −2 under 5 T, which is the highest reported value for MgB 2 films, wires, and bulk samples to date.
Colloidal Synthesis of Air-Stable Alloyed CsSn<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>Pb<sub><i>x</i></sub>I<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Nanocrystals for Use in Solar Cells (2017)

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells have demonstrated unprecedented high power conversion efficiencies in the past few years. Now, the universal instability of the perovskites has become the main barrier for this kind of solar cells to realize commercialization. This situation can be even worse for those tin-based perovskites, especially for CsSnI<sub>3</sub>, because upon exposure to ambient atmosphere the desired black orthorhombic phase CsSnI<sub>3</sub> would promptly lose single crystallinity and degrade to the inactive yellow phase, followed by irreversible oxidation into metallic Cs<sub>2</sub>SnI<sub>6</sub>. By alloying CsSnI<sub>3</sub> with CsPbI<sub>3</sub>, we herein report the synthesis of alloyed perovskite quantum dot (QD), CsSn<sub>1-x</sub>Pb<sub>x</sub>I<sub>3</sub>, which not only can be phase-stable for months in purified colloidal solution but also remains intact even directly exposed to ambient air, far superior to both of its parent CsSnI<sub>3</sub> and CsPbI<sub>3</sub> QDs. Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy studies reveal that the photoexcited electrons in the alloyed QDs can be injected into TiO<sub>2</sub> nanocrystals at a fast rate of 1.12 × 10<sup>11</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>, which enables a high photocurrent generation in solar cells.
Texture Analysis Of Diagnostic Tray Images By Use Of Fractals (1986)

In this work a discrete fractional Brownian motion (FBM) model is applied to xray images as a measure of the regional texture. FBM is a generalization of ordinary Wiener-Levy Brownian motion. A Parameter H is introduced which describes the roughness of the realizations. Using generated realizations, a Cramer-Rao bound for the variance of an estimate of Hwas evaluated using asymptotic statistics. The results show that the accuracy of the estimate is independent of the true H. A maximum likelihood estimator is derived for H and applied to the data sets The results were close to the C-R bound. The MLE is then applied to sequences of digital coronary angiograms. The results show that the H parameter is a useful index by which to segment vessels from background noise.
Dependence of cardiac 11C-meta-hydroxyephedrine retention on norepinephrine transporter density. (2006)

HED retention is linearly dependent on NET density in rat hearts that have been chemically denervated with 6-OHDA, suggesting that HED retention is a good surrogate measure of NET density in the rat heart. This finding is discussed in relation to clinical observations of the dependence of HED retention on cardiac nerve density in human subjects using PET.
Hot Topics in Functional Neuroradiology (2013)

Functional neuroradiology represents a relatively new and ever-growing subspecialty in the field of neuroradiology. Neuroradiology has evolved beyond anatomy and basic tissue signal characteristics and strives to understand the underlying physiologic processes of central nervous system disease. The American Society of Functional Neuroradiology sponsors a yearly educational and scientific meeting, and the educational committee was asked to suggest a few cutting-edge functional neuroradiology techniques (hot topics). The following is a review of several of these topics and includes "Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Pediatric Spinal Cord"; "Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging"; "From Standardization to Quantification: Beyond Biomarkers toward Bioscales as Neuro MR Imaging Surrogates of Clinical End Points"; Resting-State Functional MR Imaging"; and "Current Use of Cerebrovascular Reserve Imaging."
Theoretical estimates of the parameters of longitudinal undular bores in PMMA bars based on their measured initial speeds (2021)

We study the evolution of the longitudinal release wave that is generated by induced tensile fracture as it propagates through solid rectangular Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bars of different constant cross section. High speed multi-point photoelasticity is used to register the strain wave. In all cases, oscillations develop at the bottom of the release wave that exhibit the qualitative features of an undular bore. The pre-strain, post-strain, strain rate of the release wave and the cross section dimensions determine the evolution of the oscillations. From the wave speed and strain rate close to the fracture site, we estimate the strain rate of the release wave as well as the growth of the amplitude and duration of the leading oscillation away from the fracture site on using formulae derived from the simple analytical solution [1] of the linearised Gardner equation (linearised near the pre-strain level at fracture), developed in our earlier work . Our estimates are then compared to experimental data, where qualitative and good semi-quantitative agreements are established.
&lt;title&gt;Etch process characterization using neural network methodology: a case study&lt;/title&gt; (1992)

Polysilicon etching in a single-wafer, parallel-plate, magnetically- enhanced RIE tool has been examined using two different approaches to the non-physical modeling of the system characteristics. The behavior of both process responses (polysilicon and oxide etch rates) and plasma parameters (voltage and current metrics) have been examined as a function of five variables (rf power, pressure, magnetic field, gas flow rate, and He backside cooling). The variable-response mapping was examined using both neural network and response surface approaches. The greater fitting power of the former method is demonstrated in a side-by-side, internally consistent comparison of the same data set using these two approaches.
Interaction Among Apical Support, Levator Ani Impairment, and Anterior Vaginal Wall Prolapse (2006)

These results suggest that a prolapse can develop as a result of impairment of the muscular and apical supports of the anterior vaginal wall.
Decrypting bacterial polyphenol metabolism in an anoxic wetland soil (2021)

Microorganisms play vital roles in modulating organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling in soil ecosystems. The enzyme latch paradigm posits microbial degradation of polyphenols is hindered in anoxic peat leading to polyphenol accumulation, and consequently diminished microbial activity. This model assumes that polyphenols are microbially unavailable under anoxia, a supposition that has not been thoroughly investigated in any soil type. Here, we use anoxic soil reactors amended with and without a chemically defined polyphenol to test this hypothesis, employing metabolomics and genome-resolved metaproteomics to interrogate soil microbial polyphenol metabolism. Challenging the idea that polyphenols are not bioavailable under anoxia, we provide metabolite evidence that polyphenols are depolymerized, resulting in monomer accumulation, followed by the generation of small phenolic degradation products. Further, we show that soil microbiome function is maintained, and possibly enhanced, with polyphenol addition. In summary, this study provides chemical and enzymatic evidence that some soil microbiota can degrade polyphenols under anoxia and subvert the assumed polyphenol lock on soil microbial metabolism.
Study of adherent cell permeabilization in various Plasma Gun plasma delivery protocols (2018)

International audience
59‐4: Premium Black for Large White OLED (2022)

Current large OLED have the best reflection characteristics by minimizing the internal reflection characteristics of products compared to LCD products, but we propose a white OLED premium black that surpasses existing OLED. In this study, reflectance performance and visual assessment were carried out to evaluate and this is the best performance in terms of reflectance characteristics among conventional large products. Glossy VANTA has a near‐zero total reflectance ratio characteristic and Matt VANTA reduces total reflectance ratio by 50% compared to the existing AGAR. Also, they are effective in reducing strong mirror‐like reflection images.