gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunodietica: A data-driven approach to investigate interactions between diet and autoimmune disorders (2019)

Abstract Autoimmunity is on the rise around the globe. Diet has been proposed as a risk factor for autoimmunity and shown to modulate the severity of several autoimmune disorders. Yet, the interaction between diet and autoimmunity in humans remains largely unstudied. Here, we systematically interrogated commonly consumed animals and plants for peptide epitopes previously implicated in human autoimmune disease. A total of fourteen species investigated could be divided into three broad categories regarding their content in human autoimmune epitopes, which we represented using a new metric, the Gershteyn-Ferreira index (GF index). Strikingly, pig contains a disproportionately high number of unique autoimmune epitopes compared to all other species analyzed. This work uncovers a potential new link between pork consumption and autoimmunity in humans and lays the foundation for future studies on the impact of diet on the pathogenesis and progression of autoimmune disorders.
Activation of Sphingosine Kinase by the Bradykinin B2 Receptor and Its Implication in Regulation of the ERK/MAP Kinase Pathway (2001)

Sphingosine kinase phosphorylates sphingosine to generate sphingosine 1-phosphate, a phospholipid that has been implicated in signaling by a number of transmembrane receptors and was recently shown to act as a ligand for a specific class of G protein-coupled receptors. Here we show that the G protein-coupled bradykinin B2 receptor activates sphingosine kinase leading to a time- and dose-dependent elevation of cellular sphingosine 1-phosphate levels that was blocked by the sphingosine kinase inhibitor dihydrosphingosine. Furthermore, increasing doses of this inhibitor partially affected the bradykinin-mediated ERK/MAP kinase activation and fully blocked the protein kinase C-independent component of the signaling pathway from the B2 receptor to the ERK/MAP kinase cascade. Overexpression of sphingosine kinase did not additionally increase the bradykinin-induced ERK/MAP kinase activity, indicating a permissive rather than activating role of sphingosine 1-phosphate in B2 receptor-mediated mitogenic signaling.
Three Dimensional Analysis of Calcaneal Fractures (1991)

Thirty calcaneal fractures in 22 patients were evaluated by conventional radiographs, two dimensional computed tomography scans (2D CT) and three dimensional computed tomography reformations (3D CT). A special protocol for the reproducible procurement of high quality 3D CT scans was developed and is presented for the first time. Computer-generated three dimensional plastic models of fractured calcanei and videotaped presentations of fractured calcanei were made in selected cases. This study is the first to reproducibly demonstrate the usefulness of 3D CT scans in visualizing a calcaneal fracture. This information highlights the rotational displacement of major fracture fragments (multiplanar malrotation) and can facilitate the preparation of an appropriate surgical approach and reconstruction.
Gate Mechanism and Parameter Analysis of Anodal-First Waveforms for Improving Selectivity of C-Fiber Nerves (2021)

The optimal parameters for <i>C</i>-selectivity have been identified in the low-frequency band, remarkably benefiting the design of selective stimulation waveforms for the recovery of damaged nerves and pain management.
Evaluation of watercraft quagga mussel decontamination in saltwater (2015)

Restricting the spread of invasive quagga and zebra mussels by decontaminating recreational watercraft is an important management practice in Europe and the United States. These mussels impact freshwater ecosystems and leave massive economic costs of restoration for ecological services and human infrastructure for each water body they invade. The authors investigated, at the request of the California Department of Fish and Game, whether decontaminating watercraft by placement into saline waters after coming into contact with freshwater bodies infested with invasive mussels eliminates the risk of spreading the species. Evaluating whether or not this is a viable management practice is critical where zebra and quagga mussel freshwater habitats are directly connected to brackish and saline water bodies, like the SacramentoSan Joaquin River Delta (Delta), California United States of American (USA). In this study, quagga mussels were exposed to water collected from different locations within the Delta, with salinities ranging from 4 parts per thousand (ppt) to 33.4 ppt for up to fifteen days. We observed a mortality gradient correlating to salinity levels. The water with the highest salinity content killed 100% of the quagga mussels within 40 hours. One hundred percent mortality was not observed until 70 hours of exposure for quagga mussels exposed to lower salinity concentrations of 21.3 ppt and 15.3 ppt. However, 99% of mussels exposed to 4.0 ppt salinity brackish water remained alive for the 16 day duration of the study. These results are similar to mussels held in water with low salinity content similar to most freshwaters. In the Delta, salinity fluctuates naturally and travel time by boat between saline and freshwaters is a few hours or less. Therefore, it would be challenging if not impossible for watercraft operators to ensure the proper exposure time and salinity exposure. Based on these results, the authors do not recommend launching boats into salt water or brackish water prior to entry into freshwater as a decontamination option for watercraft or as a management tool for preventing invasive mussel infestations.
New plasmid-mediated aminoglycoside 6′-<i>N</i>-acetyltransferase, AAC(6′)-Ian, and ESBL, TLA-3, from a <i>Serratia marcescens</i> clinical isolate (2015)

We identified aac(6')-Ian as a novel amikacin resistance determinant together with a new ESBL gene, blaTLA-3, on a transferable plasmid of a S. marcescens clinical isolate.
Beyond Prototypic Expressions: Discriminating Subtle Changes in the Face (1998)

Current approaches to automated analysis have focused on a small set of prototypic expressions (e.g., joy or anger). Prototypic expressions occur infrequently in everyday life, however, and emotion expression is far more varied. To capture the full range of emotion expression, automated discrimination of fine-grained changes in facial expression is needed. We developed and implemented a computer vision system, Automated Face Analysis, that is sensitive to subtle changes in the face. Three convergent modules extract feature information and discriminate FACS action units using Hidden Markov Models. The modules include feature-point and dense-flow tracking and high-gradient component detection. In image sequences from 100 young adults, action units and action unit combinations in the brow, eye, and mouth regions were selected for analysis if they occurred a minimum of 25 times in the image database. Selected facial features were automatically tracked using hierarchical algorithms to estimate optical flow and high-gradient components. Image sequences were randomly divided into training and test sets. Automated Face Analysis demonstrated high concurrent validity with manual FACS coding.
E-230 Comparison of PED and FRED flow diverters for posterior circulation aneurysms: a propensity-score matched cohort study (2020)

<h3>Introduction/Purpose</h3> Flow diversion is a popular endovascular treatment for cerebral aneurysms, but studies comparing different types of flow diverters are scarce. Here, we performed a propensity score-matched cohort study comparing the Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) and Flow Redirection Intraluminal Device (FRED) for posterior circulation aneurysms. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Consecutive aneurysms of the posterior circulation treated at 25 neurovascular centers with either PED or FRED were collected. Propensity score matching was used to control for age, duration of follow-up imaging, adjunctive coiling, and aneurysm location, size, and morphology; previously ruptured aneurysms were excluded. The two devices were compared for the following outcomes: procedural complications, aneurysm occlusion, and functional outcome. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 375 aneurysms of the posterior circulation were treated in 369 patients. The PED was used in 285 (77.2%) and FRED in 84 (22.8%) of procedures. Aneurysms treated with the PED were more commonly fusiform in morphology and larger in size compared to the FRED aneurysms. To account for these important differences, propensity score matching was performed resulting in 44 PED and FRED unruptured aneurysm pairs. There were no differences between the two devices in terms of occlusion status, functional outcome, and neurologic complications. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Comparative analysis of PED and FRED for the treatment of unruptured posterior circulation aneurysms did not identify significant differences in aneurysm occlusion status at last follow-up, functional outcome, or neurologic complications. <h3>Disclosures</h3> <b>C. Griessenauer:</b> None. <b>A. Enriquez-Marulanda:</b> None. <b>S. Xiang:</b> None. <b>T. Hong:</b> None. <b>H. Zhang:</b> None. <b>P. Taussky:</b> None. <b>R. Grandhi:</b> None. <b>M. Waqas:</b> None. <b>V. Tutino:</b> None. <b>A. Siddiqui:</b> None. <b>E. Levy:</b> None. <b>C. Ogilvy:</b> None. <b>A. Thomas:</b> None. <b>C. Ulfert:</b> None. <b>M. Möhlenbruch:</b> None. <b>L. Renieri:</b> None. <b>N. Limbucci:</b> None. <b>C. Parra-Fariñas:</b> None. <b>J. Burkhardt:</b> None. <b>P. Kan:</b> None. <b>L. Rinaldo:</b> None. <b>G. Lanzino:</b> None. <b>W. Brinjikji:</b> None. <b>E. Müller-Thies-Broussalis:</b> None. <b>M. Killer-Oberpfalzer:</b> None. <b>C. Islak:</b> None. <b>N. Kocer:</b> None. <b>M. Sonnberger:</b> None. <b>T. Engelhorn:</b> None. <b>M. Ghuman:</b> None. <b>V. Yang:</b> None. <b>A. Salehani:</b> None. <b>M. Harrigan:</b> None. <b>I. Radovanovic:</b> None. <b>A. Dmytriw:</b> None.
Stability of gastrointestinal glutathione peroxidase mRNA in selenium deficiency depends on its 3′UTR (2001)

Selenoproteins decrease upon selenium-deprivation according to their hierarchical ranking. Whereas classical glutathione peroxidase (cGPx) responds to decreased selenium supply with a complete loss of protein and a marked reduction of mRNA levels, gastrointestinal glutathione peroxidase (GI-GPx) remains detectable and its mRNA is stable. The impact of the 3'UTR on cGPx and GI-GPx mRNA stability was studied in stably transfected HepG2 cells with combinations of mutually exchanged coding regions and 3'UTRs of human cGPx and GI-GPx. Stability of chimeric mRNAs was measured by competitive RT-PCR. We found that GI-GPx 3'UTR is sufficient to stabilize its own mRNA but not that of cGPx.
Inhibition of cryoprecipitation of murine IgG<sub>3</sub> anti‐dinitrophenyl (DNP) monoclonal antibodies by anionic DNP‐amino acid conjugates (1989)

Previously we have demonstrated that eight out of nine IgG3 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) obtained from autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr mice were able to self-associate and to precipitate in the cold (Gyotoku et al., J. Immunol. 1987. 138:3785). To determine whether the cryoprecipitation of IgG3 mAb is enhanced or inhibited in the presence of specific ligand, we have established eight IgG3 mAb reactive with 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) hapten: four mAb were obtained from fusion of spleen cells of C57BL/6 mice immunized with 2,4,6-trinitrophenylated keyhole limpet hemocyanin, three from 129/Sv and one from BALB/c immunized with DNP-lipopolysaccharide. Five of them induced cryoglobulins composed exclusively of the IgG3 mAb. The binding of negatively charged monomeric DNP-amino acid conjugates completely inhibited the cryoprecipitation of all the five cryoprecipitating anti-DNP IgG3 mAb, while the incubation with positively charged or neutral DNP-amino acid conjugates had variable effects: increase, inhibition or no change of the cryoprecipitation. In addition, positively charged DNP-amino acid conjugates were able to induce the cryoprecipitation of one of the non-cryoprecipitating anti-DNP IgG3 mAb. Our data showed that (a) IgG3 mAb derived from non-autoimmune strains of mice, similar to IgG3 mAb derived from an autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr strain, possessed the unique property to self-associate and were able to form cryoglobulins in most cases; (b) although the Fc-Fc interactions of IgG3 mAb play a decisive role in IgG3 cold solubility, IgG3 cryoprecipitation was markedly influenced after interacting with their specific ligand, depending on the charge of the hapten-amino acid conjugate. This suggested that even minor interferences with the electrostatic equilibrium of the IgG3 by the binding of charged hapten molecules induced dramatic changes in the solubility of the IgG3 mAb at low temperature.
The effects of local hyperthermia on the catabolism of a radioiodinated chimeric monoclonal antibody. (1998)

Local hyperthermia has been shown to increase the tumor uptake and tumor:normal tissue ratios of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in athymic mouse xenograft models. The current study was undertaken to determine whether this behavior was related in part to alterations in mAb catabolism by local hyperthermia. Human/mouse chimeric 81C6 mAb reactive with tenascin and a nonspecific control mAb were labeled with 125I using Iodo-Gen and given to separate groups of athymic mice bearing s.c. D-54 MG human glioma xenografts. Half of the animals were then subjected to 4-h tumor-localized hyperthermia at 41.8 degrees C, a protocol previously shown to enhance the specific tumor uptake of the mAb in this xenograft model. The tumor, serum, liver, kidney, and urine were collected from heated as well as control animals 4 and 24 h after injection of the mAb and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and trichloroacetic acid precipitation. At 24 h, a significantly higher percentage of 81C6 was present as intact mAb in the tumors harvested from heated animals compared with those from controls. Unexpectedly, intact mAb was found in the urine of mice immediately after hyperthermia, but not in unheated control animals. We conclude that local hyperthermia decreases the catabolism of the mAb in the tumor and increases the urinary excretion of the mAb through a transient increase in glomerular permeability.
Caspase-8 and Caspase-3 Are Expressed by Different Populations of Cortical Neurons Undergoing Delayed Cell Death after Focal Stroke in the Rat (1999)

A number of studies have provided evidence that neuronal cell loss after stroke involves programmed cell death or apoptosis. In particular, recent biochemical and immunohistochemical studies have demonstrated the expression and activation of intracellular proteases, notably caspase-3, which act as both initiators and executors of the apoptotic process. To further elucidate the involvement of caspases in neuronal cell death induced by focal stroke we developed a panel of antibodies and investigated the spatial and temporal pattern of both caspase-8 and caspase-3 expression. Our efforts focused on caspase-8 because its "apical" position within the enzymatic cascade of caspases makes it a potentially important therapeutic target. Constitutive expression of procaspase-8 was detectable in most cortical neurons, and proteolytic processing yielding the active form of caspase-8 was found as early as 6 hr after focal stroke induced in rats by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. This active form of caspase-8 was predominantly seen in the large pyramidal neurons of lamina V. Active caspase-3 was evident only in neurons located within lamina II/III starting at 24 hr after injury and in microglia throughout the core infarct at all times examined. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated UTP nick end labeling, gel electrophoresis of DNA, and neuronal cell quantitation indicated that there was an early nonapoptotic loss of cortical neurons followed by a progressive elimination of neurons with features of apoptosis. These data indicate that the pattern of caspase expression occurring during delayed neuronal cell death after focal stroke will vary depending on the neuronal phenotype.
Soluble c-Met receptors inhibit phosphorylation of c-Met and growth of hepatocyte growth factor: c-Met–dependent tumors in animal models (2009)

c-Met is a receptor tyrosine kinase frequently overexpressed or amplified in many types of human cancers. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF, also known as scatter factor) is the only known ligand for c-Met. In this study, soluble human and murine c-Met receptor-Fc fusion proteins were generated and were shown to bind to human and murine HGF as measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and surface plasmon resonance (Biacore) assays. Also, both human and murine c-Met-Fc showed activity in functional cell assays, inhibiting HGF-induced c-Met phosphorylation in PC3 and 4T1 cells, respectively, and inhibiting HGF-driven cellular invasion in a dose-dependent manner. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that both reagents were suitable for in vivo testing. Systemic administration of human c-Met-Fc significantly inhibited tumor growth in the human HGF-dependent U-87 MG xenograft model at daily doses of 30 or 100 μg (P < 0.0001). Similarly, murine c-Met-Fc, at 100 μg daily, significantly inhibited tumor growth in the murine HGF-dependent CT-26 syngeneic tumor model (P < 0.002). Human and murine c-Met-Fc seemed to be well-tolerated in animals. In conclusion, both mouse and human versions of c-Met-Fc effectively block HGF-induced activation of c-Met and inhibit growth of tumor xenografts, providing further evidence that c-Met is an important target for oncology therapeutics.
Synthesis and thermal properties of hybrid copolymers of syndiotactic polystyrene and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (2002)

Copolymerizations of styrene and the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)–styryl macromonomer 1-(4-vinylphenyl)-3,5,7,9,11,13,15-heptacyclopentylpentacyclo [9.5.1.13,9.15,15.17,13] octasiloxane have been performed with CpTiCl3 in conjunction with methylaluminoxane. Random copolymers of syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) and POSS have been formed and fully characterized with 1H and 13C NMR, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. NMR data reveal a moderately high syndiotacticity of the polystyrene backbone consistent with this use of CpTiCl3 as a catalyst and POSS loadings as high as 24 wt % and 3.2 mol %. Thermogravimetric analysis of the sPS–POSS copolymers under both nitrogen and air shows improved thermal stability with higher degradation temperatures and char yields, demonstrating that the inclusion of the inorganic POSS nanoparticles makes the organic polymer matrix more thermally robust. The polymerization activity and thermal stability are also compared with those of reported atactic polystyrene–POSS copolymers. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 885–891, 2002; DOI 10.1002/pola.10175
Stentextraktion im GIT (2009)

Während die Stentimplantation im Gastrointestinaltrakt sich zu einem Routineverfahren entwickelt hat, bereitet die Entfernung von Stents nicht selten erhebliche Probleme. Das gilt sowohl für die geplante Stentextraktion nach ausreichend langer Liegezeit der Prothese als auch und insbesondere für die Stententfernung „aus Notwendigkeit“. Für diese Indikation spielen als Ursachen fehlindizierte, fehlgeplante oder insuffizient ausgeführte Implantationen neben Materialproblemen, die nach wie vor nicht selten sind, die Hauptrolle. In Teil 1 dieser Artikelserie werden zunächst die Voraussetzungen für eine Stententfernung besprochen (der Stent muss frei liegen, mobil sein, adäquat greifbar und durch Engstellen und Knickstellen atraumatisch ohne Kollateralschäden entfernbar sein). Anschließend werden die 6 gängigen Extraktionstechniken (Extraktion nach oral, „Dis-Lokation“ nach aboral mit even­tueller Wendung und Extraktion, Aufribbeln (bei gestrickten Stents), invertierende Einstülpung (bei hochflexiblen weichen Stents), Ausgrabung aus der Intestinalwand sowie Trimmen und Durchschweißen sowie Destruktion in corpore) dargestellt und mit Bildbeispielen erläutert. Detaillierte technische und differenzialtherapeutische Ausführungen folgen in den nächsten Teilen der Serie.
A New and Better Method for Extracting the Parasitic Elements of On-Wafer GaN Transistors (2007)

By biasing the AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with low DC gate forward current and floating drain, a new method for extracting parasitic resistances and parasitic inductances is introduced. The originality of the proposed method lies in the low DC gate forward current used for extracting R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> and L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> . While the classical method for extracting R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> and L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> uses a set of S-parameters measured under different large DC gate forward current, the proposed method uses a data set of S-parameters measured at a single low DC gate forward current. The excellent agreement between model and experimental data verify the validity of the proposed method.
Fault Tolerant Permanent Magnet Drives: Operating Under Open-circuit and Short-circuit Switch Faults (2014)

A series architecture providing a fault tolerant drive is proposed. The architecture includes one or two DC sources, two voltage source inverters and a PMSM. Three different operating modes are considered: normal mode, open-circuit degraded mode and short-circuit degraded mode. For each case, an adapted torque control strategy is proposed and tested. For the open phase mode, different operating criteria are considered. For short-circuit faults, two solutions are proposed. The proposed strategies are tested on an 8-pole 1 kW PM drive. They allow operating under fault conditions in real-time and their implementation is easy. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Whole-Body Nonenhanced PET/MR versus PET/CT in the Staging and Restaging of Cancers: Preliminary Observations (2014)

PET/MR performs comparably to PET/CT in whole-body oncology and neoplastic lung disease, with the use of appropriate sequences. Further studies are needed to define regionalized PET/MR protocols with sequences tailored to specific tumor entities.
Strength and Transmittance of Sapphire and Strengthened Sapphire (1981)

Ambient and elevated temperature biaxial flexural strength were measured for polished sapphire windows. Tested for comparison were windows given an SiO or glaze surface treatment. Infrared transmittance and visible imaging quality were unaffected by surface treatment while significant increases in strength and thermal‐shock resistance resulted.