gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional inks and extrusion-based 3D printing of 2D materials: a review of current research and applications (2020)

Graphene and related 2D materials offer an ideal platform for next generation disruptive technologies and in particular the potential to produce printed electronic devices with low cost and high throughput. Interest in the use of 2D materials to create functional inks has exponentially increased in recent years with the development of new ink formulations linked with effective printing techniques, including screen, gravure, inkjet and extrusion-based printing towards low-cost device manufacturing. Exfoliated, solution-processed 2D materials formulated into inks permits additive patterning onto both rigid and conformable substrates for printed device design with high-speed, large-scale and cost-effective manufacturing. Each printing technique has some sort of clear advantages over others that requires characteristic ink formulations according to their individual operational principles. Among them, the extrusion-based 3D printing technique has attracted heightened interest due to its ability to create three-dimensional (3D) architectures with increased surface area facilitating the design of a new generation of 3D devices suitable for a wide variety of applications. There still remain several challenges in the development of 2D material ink technologies for extrusion printing which must be resolved prior to their translation into large-scale device production. This comprehensive review presents the current progress on ink formulations with 2D materials and their broad practical applications for printed energy storage devices and sensors. Finally, an outline of the challenges and outlook for extrusion-based 3D printing inks and their place in the future printed devices ecosystem is presented.
Photorefractive solitons and light-induced resonance control in semiconductor CdZnTe (2002)

We demonstrate the formation of (1+1) - and (2+1) -dimensional solitons in photorefractive CdZnTe:V, exploiting the intensity-resonant behavior of the space-charge field. We control the resonance optically, facilitating a 10-mus soliton formation times with very low optical power.
Dr. Oded Bar-Or, 1937--2005 (2006)

CSCS Editor-in-Chief (Kraemer) Department of Health and Exercise Science The College of New Jersey Ewing, NJ 08628 (Hoffman)
Using multi-angle multispectral photo-polarimetry of the NASA Glory mission to constrain optical properties of aerosols and clouds: results from four field experiments (2005)

Tropospheric aerosols play a crucial role in climate and can cause a climate forcing directly by absorbing and reflecting sunlight, thereby cooling or heating the atmosphere, and indirectly by modifying cloud properties. The indirect aerosol effect may include increased cloud brightness, as aerosols lead to a larger number of smaller cloud droplets (the so-called Twomey effect), and increased cloud cover, as smaller droplets inhibit rainfall and increase cloud lifetime. Both forcings are poorly understood and may represent the largest source of uncertainty about future climate change. In this paper we present results from various field experiments demonstrating the contribution that the multi-angle multi-spectral photopolarimetric remote sensing measurements of the NASA Glory mission will make to the determination of the direct and indirect radiative effects of aerosols.
Explorations of Hybrid Sandwich Panel Concepts for Projectile Impact Mitigation (2011)

Previous studies have shown that while stainless‐steel sandwich panels with pyramidal truss cores have a superior blast resistance to monolithic plates of equal mass per unit area, their ballistic performance is similar to their monolithic counterparts. Here, we explore concepts to enhance the ballistic resistance without changing the volumetric efficiency of the panels by filling the spaces within the core with combinations of polyurethane, alumina prisms, and aramid fiber textiles. The addition of the polyurethane does not enhance the ballistic limit compared with the equivalent monolithic steel plate, even when aramids are added. This poor performance occurs because the polymer is penetrated by a hole enlargement mechanism which does not result in significant projectile deformation or load spreading and engagement of the steel face sheets. By contrast, ceramic inserts deform and erode the projectile and also comminute the ceramic. The ceramic communition (and resultant dilation) results in stretching of both steel face sheets and leads to significant energy dissipation. The ballistic limit of this hybrid is about twice that of the equivalent monolithic steel plate. The addition of a Kevlar fabric to the ceramic hybrid is shown to not significantly change the ballistic limit but does reduce the residual velocities of the debris.
Phoenix: an Ultra-Low Power Processor for Cubic Millimeter Sensor Systems (2009)

platform for sensor applications, called the Phoenix Processor, is implemented in a 0.18µm CMOS process with an area of 915x915µm 2 , making on-die battery integration feasible. The Phoenix Processor uses a comprehensive standby strategy with a unique power gating approach, custom low leakage memory cells, low voltage ROM, CPU with compact ISA, data memory compression, and adaptive data memory leakage management. Measurements show that the Phoenix Processor consumes on average 29.6pW in standby mode and 2.8pJ/cycle in active mode.
Fano resonance and polarization transformation induced by interpolarization coupling of Bloch surface waves (2019)

In this work, the resonant coupling behaviors between the transverse-electric (TE) and transverse-magnetic (TM) Bloch surface waves (BSWs) on a dielectric multilayer have been theoretically studied. Due to the different penetration depths in the dielectric multilayer, the TM BSWs and TE BSWs can act as the radiative and dark electromagnetic modes, respectively. By using a rectangular grating on the dielectric multilayer, both Rabi splitting and Fano resonance phenomena based on the coupling of the two BSW modes were demonstrated, through tuning the period of the grating and the azimuthal angle of the incoming wave. Furthermore, by using the temporal coupled-mode theory, we show that the anti-Hermitian coupling between the two BSW modes contributes to the enhanced diffraction and the huge polarization transformation efficiency of incoming waves in the weak coupling regime.
Recognizing Daily Activities from Egocentric Photo-Streams. (2017)

Wearable cameras can gather large a\-mounts of image data that provide rich visual information about the daily activities of the wearer. Motivated by the large number of health applications that could be enabled by the automatic recognition of daily activities, such as lifestyle characterization for habit improvement, context-aware personal assistance and tele-rehabilitation services, we propose a system to classify 21 daily activities from photo-streams acquired by a wearable photo-camera. Our approach combines the advantages of a Late Fusion Ensemble strategy relying on convolutional neural networks at image level with the ability of recurrent neural networks to account for the temporal evolution of high level features in photo-streams without relying on event boundaries. The proposed batch-based approach achieved an overall accuracy of 89.85\%, outperforming state of the art end-to-end methodologies. These results were achieved on a dataset consists of 44,902 egocentric pictures from three persons captured during 26 days in average.
Potential for biological control of porina (&lt;i&gt;Wiseana&lt;/i&gt; spp) with a novel insecticidal bacterium &lt;i&gt;Yersinia&lt;/i&gt; n sp (MH96) EN65 strain (2008)

Porina (Wiseana spp larvae) are endemic pests of pasture If detected early young larvae can be controlled with diflubenzuron but generally damage is not predicted and organophosphate insecticides (eg diazinon chlorpyrifos chlorfon) are required Yersinia n sp (MH96) cf entomophaga (EN65 strain) a novel bacterium with insecticidal properties is pathogenic to late instar Wiseana spp larvae in laboratory assays and has potential as a biopesticide This trial measured the effect of two formulations of EN65 and a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var kurstaki (Btk) against late instar porina EN65 was formulated in a sprayable biopolymer and on to a kibbled wheat bait Both EN65 formulations caused significant mortality of porina larvae and reduced feeding damage on white clover; efficacy was superior to Btk Survival of the bacterium in the sprayable biopolymer formulation was enhanced compared to a nonformulated broth culture Bacterial survival on the kibbled wheat bait was better when stored at 4C compared to 20C over 3 months
Intractable Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Otorrhea with Silicone Impression in the Middle Ear (2017)

We report a case of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) otorrhea with impression material of hearing aid in the middle ear. The patient had chronic otitis media in the right ear with sensorineural hearing loss in both ears. The silicone flowed into the middle ear through a tympanic membrane perforation during the process of making an ear mold. Several days after hearing aid fitting, the patient had severe otalgia, intractable otorrhea, aggravated hearing loss, and dizziness. The pus culture and sensitivity test revealed MRSA. After topical treatment using diluted vinegar irrigation and ototopical vancomycin solution, intractable otorrhea was controlled. The infected silicone impression was removed by canal wall-up mastoidectomy, and hearing was saved. We present here a review of the literature regarding silicone impression in the middle ear after hearing aid mold fitting.
Synthesis and processing of molecules bearing thymus leukemia antigen. (1979)

Thymus-leukemia (TL) antigens are expressed in murine lymphocytes under strict developmental regulation. To elucidate the molecular basis of TL expression, we have identified the molecular species that react with TL antiserum. At least three species can be resolved by metabolic radiolabeling of thymocytes and ASL1 leukemia cells, lysis, immune precipitation, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide. After a brief incubation with [35S]methionine, the only radioactive molecule recognized by TL antiserum is a homogeneous species with an apparent Mr of 45,000 daltons. This molecule, 45K TL, includes high-mannose-type carbohydrate attached to a 45,000 dalton glycosidase-resistant backbone. In this form, 45K, it is never exposed on the cell surface. If pulse-labeled cells are further incubated with nonradioactive methionine before lysis, however, radioactivity disappears from the 45K TL species and appears in the slower migrating species 46K and 48K TL. Thus, 46K and 48K appear to represent products generated from the 45K TL precursor by posttranslational modification. These TL forms are displayed on the cell surface; they lack high-mannose carbohydrate but evidently include acidic complex-type carbohydrate. Normal thymocytes from Qa:Tla-negative mice lack not only the surface forms of TL but also the intracellular 45K TL form. Peripheral lymphoid cells of Qa:Tla-positive mice synthesize none of these TL species. But the TL antiserum, which contains Qa antibody, recognizes a distinct gene product in spleen and thymus of Qa-Tla-positive mice. In its pulse-labeled form, this molecule, which may represent Qa-1, has an apparent Mr of 44,000 daltons, and consists of a glycosidase-resistant polypeptide core of only 35,000 daltons linked to more high mannose carbohydrate than 45K TL.
Comprehensive mutagenesis identifies the peptide repertoire of a p53 T-cell receptor mimic antibody that displays no toxicity in mice transgenic for human HLA-A*0201 (2021)

T-cell receptor mimic (TCRm) antibodies have expanded the repertoire of antigens targetable by monoclonal antibodies, to include peptides derived from intracellular proteins that are presented by major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules on the cell surface. We have previously used this approach to target p53, which represents a valuable target for cancer immunotherapy because of the high frequency of its deregulation by mutation or other mechanisms. The T1-116C TCRm antibody targets the wild type p5365-73 peptide (RMPEAAPPV) presented by HLA-A*0201 (HLA-A2) and exhibited in vivo efficacy against triple receptor negative breast cancer xenografts. Here we report a comprehensive mutational analysis of the p53 RMPEAAPPV peptide to assess the T1-116C epitope and its peptide specificity. Antibody binding absolutely required the N-terminal arginine residue, while amino acids in the center of the peptide contributed little to specificity. Data mining the immune epitope database with the T1-116C binding consensus and validation of peptide recognition using the T2 stabilization assay identified additional tumor antigens targeted by T1-116C, including WT1, gp100, Tyrosinase and NY-ESO-1. Most peptides recognized by T1-116C were conserved in mice and human HLA-A2 transgenic mice showed no toxicity when treated with T1-116C in vivo. We conclude that comprehensive validation of TCRm antibody target specificity is critical for assessing their safety profile.
DNA elements target of transcriptional factors are not restricted to long terminal repeat of human immunodeficiency virus. (1992)

In this report we show that signals for transcriptional factors are not restricted to the HIV-1 LTR, but are present throughout the HIV-1 genome. Furthermore, we identified a sequence, AGAACAGATG, highly homologous to the X-box of class II MHC genes and located within the tat-IVS/env region of HIV-1. Double stranded oligonucleotides mimicking the HIV-1 region containing AGAACAGATG were synthesized and band shift experiments were performed demonstrating that this HIV-1 genomic region binds nuclear proteins. We further demonstrate that the binding of nuclear factors to this tat-IVS/env HIV-1 sequence is competed for, in the band-shift assay, by the highly homologous X-box of the promoter of the human HLA-DR alpha gene. The presence in the HIV-1 genome of DNA sequences homologous or identical to regulatory sequences of cellular genes represents a potential mechanism of predation of DNA elements recognized by DNA binding proteins.
GridWiseTM: The Benefits of a Transformed Energy System (2003)

This report presents a preliminary scoping assessment conducted to envision the general magnitude of several selected benefits the GridWise™ concept could offer when applied nationally. These benefits accrue in the generation, transmission and distribution components of the power grid as well as in the customer sector. The total potential benefit of implementing these technologies over the next 20 years is conservatively estimated have a present value (PV) of about $75 billion. When estimated on the basis of a less conservative implementation scenario, the PV of these benefits is shown to essentially double.
Ca2+ binding to synapsin I regulates resting Ca2+ and recovery from synaptic depression in nerve terminals (2022)

Synapsin I (SynI) is a synaptic vesicle (SV)-associated phosphoprotein that modulates neurotransmission by controlling SV trafficking. The SynI C-domain contains a highly conserved ATP binding site mediating SynI oligomerization and SV clustering and an adjacent main Ca<sup>2+</sup> binding site, whose physiological role is unexplored. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the E373K point mutation irreversibly deletes Ca<sup>2+</sup> binding to SynI, still allowing ATP binding, but inducing a destabilization of the SynI oligomerization interface. Here, we analyzed the effects of this mutation on neurotransmitter release and short-term plasticity in excitatory and inhibitory synapses from primary hippocampal neurons. Patch-clamp recordings showed an increase in the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) that was totally occluded by exogenous Ca<sup>2+</sup> chelators and associated with a constitutive increase in resting terminal Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentrations. Evoked EPSC amplitude was also reduced, due to a decreased readily releasable pool (RRP) size. Moreover, in both excitatory and inhibitory synapses, we observed a marked impaired recovery from synaptic depression, associated with impaired RRP refilling and depletion of the recycling pool of SVs. Our study identifies SynI as a novel Ca<sup>2+</sup> buffer in excitatory terminals. Blocking Ca<sup>2+</sup> binding to SynI results in higher constitutive Ca<sup>2+</sup> levels that increase the probability of spontaneous release and disperse SVs. This causes a decreased size of the RRP and an impaired recovery from depression due to the failure of SV reclustering after sustained high-frequency stimulation. The results indicate a physiological role of Ca<sup>2+</sup> binding to SynI in the regulation of SV clustering and trafficking in nerve terminals.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fluorinated Phosphonic, Sulfonic, and Mixed Phosphonic/Sulfonic Acids. (1990)

Abstract Successful routes to a variety of mixed phosphonic/sulfonic acids (VII), (XIV), the salt (XVIII) and partially fluorinated phosphinic acids (XI)‐(XIII) have been developed.
[Directional velocity of the arterial flow, systemic vascular resistance and urinary excretion of sodium in cirrhotic patients]. (1995)

These preliminary results suggest in patients with hepatic cirrhosis vascular resistance, assessed non-invasively, at the posterior tibial artery, increases with the severity of sodium retention and the impairment in systemic hemodynamics. Thus, this measurement may be useful for the evaluation and follow-up of patients with cirrhosis of the liver.
Metabolic Engineering of<i>Escherichia</i><i>coli</i> (2021)

Metabolic engineering has become an essential technology for developing microbial cell factories for producing chemicals and materials from sustainable and renewable feedstocks. Equipped with the ever-advancing tools and strategies of modern systems biology and synthetic biology, traditional metabolic engineering has been upgraded to a next and systems level, which enables more rapid and sophisticated engineering of microbes for producing desired bioproducts. Escherichia coli has been playing a key role as a workhorse in the production of various chemicals and materials and also as a model bacterium in the development of advanced engineering tools and strategies. In this chapter, we review the achievements in metabolic engineering of E. coli for the biobased production of chemicals and materials together with accompanying tools and strategies.
Fast Haptic Simulation with FEM for Endoscopic Surgery Training Simulator (2008)

We have been developing a virtual human body using haptic devices for endoscopic surgery training simulator. This system is composed of two 3-DOF haptic devices and a control board with USB 2.0 interface. This system is connected to a host computer through Ethernet. Two operational tools are connected to haptic devices each through holes on the virtual body, and an operator is able to feel the sense of touch with virtual organs. Furthermore we proposed a new method to calculate a reaction force fast, and we constructed two types of examinations to evaluate a validation of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed method was valid to the faster of the haptic simulation.
Statistical dynamics of the membrane channel gating charge system (2002)

The membrane channel's gating charge system is well represented as a set of strongly interacting dipoles. The equilibrium and kinetics of the system are described by the corresponding Boltzmann distribution and time dependent solutions of the Fokker-Planck equation. The theory explains very well various experiments on gating current and allows new insight in channel gating.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Silicon micromachined interconnects for on-wafer packaging of MEMS devices (2002)

A silicon micromachined on-wafer packaging scheme for RF MEMS switches is proposed that has excellent performance at K-band. The designed RF transition has an insertion loss of 0.1 dB and a return loss of 32 dB at 20 GHz along with a 55% bandwidth of operation. A novel fabrication technique previously presented is utilized for patterning the RF interconnects inside micromachined silicon cavities. The fabrication process is designed so as to be completely compatible with the MEMS switch process, hence allowing the parallel fabrication of all the components on one wafer. The on-wafer packages require no external wiring to achieve signal propagation and thus have potential for lower loss and better performance at higher frequencies.
Results of a European dose survey for mammography (2008)

For the dose study, a semi-automated method of data collection is used in this study. The participating centres were asked to fill out a spreadsheet with all necessary data and return it. For direct digital (DR) systems, the relevant data available in the DICOM header were used. All data is automatically added to a database and processed. The data were used to calculate the mean glandular dose for every image and for different thicknesses of polymethyl methacrylate phantoms using available conversion factors. Second-degree polynomials were fitted to the patient dose data and a reference dose curve was constructed for a range of thicknesses instead of a dose reference level at a single point. The dose reference curve rises from 1.57 mGy for a thickness of 30 mm to 2.50 mGy for 55 mm and 3.83 mGy for 75 mm. The results show centres that exceed this curve lie only in the lower or higher range of thicknesses and would remain undetected using a dose reference value in a single point. This gives better information to radiographers on where there is room for improvement of the dose levels in their system.