gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stress Responses in Alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) (1990)

The isoflavonoid conjugates medicarpin-3-O-glucoside-6''-O-malonate (MGM), afrormosin-7-O-glucoside (AG), and afrormosin-7-O-glucoside-6''-O-malonate (AGM) were isolated and characterized from cell suspension cultures of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), where they were the major constitutive secondary metabolites. They were also found in alfalfa roots but not in other parts of the plant. The phytoalexin medicarpin accumulated rapidly in suspension cultured cells treated with elicitor from Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, and this was subsequently accompanied by an increase in the levels of MGM. In contrast, net accumulation of afrormosin conjugates was not affected by elicitor treatment. Labeling studies with [(14)C]phenylalanine indicated that afrormosin conjugates were the major de novo synthesized isoflavonoid products in unelicited cells. During elicitation, [(14)C]phenylalanine was incorporated predominantly into medicarpin, although a significant proportion of the newly synthesized medicarpin was also conjugated. Treatment of (14)C-labeled, elicited cells with l-alpha-aminooxy-beta-phenylpropionic acid, a potent inhibitor of PAL activity in vivo, resulted in the initial appearance of labeled medicarpin of very low specific activity, suggesting that the phytoalexin could be released from a preformed conjugate under these conditions. Our data draw attention to the involvement of isoflavone hydroxylases during the constitutive and elicitor-induced accumulation of isoflavonoids and their conjugates in alfalfa cell cultures.
Emission Behavior of Planar Nano-Vacuum Field Emitters (2021)

In this work, we analyze the behavior of planar nano-vacuum channel emitters. We developed a fabrication process to reliably pattern metallic (Au) and refractory (TiN) nanoemitters with sub-10nm features. We then investigated the field emission properties of the devices highlighting the transition between Schottky to Fowler-Nordheim field emission, and finally to the Child-Langmuir saturation regime.
Control of Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances in Metal Oxide Nanocrystals (2017)

Metal oxides, when electronically doped with oxygen vacancies, aliovalent dopants, or interstitial dopants, can exhibit metallic behavior due to the stabilization of a substantial charge carrier concentration within the material. As a result, localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) occur in nanocrystals of conducting metal oxides. Through deliberate choice of both the host material and the defect, these resonances can be tuned across the entirety of the near- and mid-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Optical modeling has revealed that the defects present have profound impacts on charge carrier mobility and electronic structure, and in some cases, choosing one dopant over another is an important trade-off for optimizing plasmonic performance. These materials are distinct from classical metals in that one can tune their LSPR in energy and intensity through their elemental composition independently of any particular size or nanocrystal morphology. In addition, the LSPR in these materials is highly modulable through external stimuli over substantial spectral windows. As a result, these materials uniquely provide a responsive plasmonic material that can offer optimal nanocrystal arrangements and morphology without compromising the intended resonance frequency for light concentration at any infrared wavelength.
Del trabajo como hecho social al contrato de trabajo como realidad normativa: un apunte histórico-romanístico (1997)

MicroRNAs have implicated in the relapse and metastasis of cervical cancer, which is the leading cause of cervical cancer-related mortality. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms need further elucidation. Our present study revealed that miR-221-3p is transcriptionally promoted in metastatic cervical cancer tissues compared with non-metastatic cervical cancer tissues. Forced overexpression of miR-221-3p facilitated EMT and promoted cell migration and invasion in vitro and lymphatic metastasis in vivo. Twist homolog 2 (TWIST2) was found to be a key transcription factor binding to the promoter of miR-221-3p. Inhibitors of miR-221-3p drastically reduced the induction of EMT and decreased cell migration and invasion mediated by TWIST2. By combined computational and experimental approaches, THBS2 was recognized to be an important downstream target gene of miR-221-3p. In cervical cancer tissues, especially with lymphatic metastasis, miR-221-3p and TWIST2 were increased and THBS2 was decreased, suggesting that TWIST2 induces miR-221-3p expression and consequently suppresses its direct target THBS2 in lymphatic metastasis CC. Our findings uncover a mechanistic role for miR-221-3p in lymph node metastasis, suggesting that miR-221-3p is upregulated by the transcription factor TWIST2 and downregulates its target THBS2, which may potentially promote lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer.
Diagnostic Fusion for Time-Triggered Automotive Networks (2012)

Modern vehicles with semi-autonomous (driver-assistance systems) and autonomous capabilities require sophisticated on-board and off-board diagnostics for safe operation, and to reduce unnecessary component replacements at the service garage. We present a diagnostic approach that strategically fuses different sources of instrumentation available in a time-triggered automotive network (Flex Ray) for vehicle control, and learns patterns or signatures of different faults. These patterns ease the classification of faults during runtime or in the service garage. We evaluate our approach through fault-injection experiments on an automotive test bench, and demonstrate that by fusing different sources of instrumentation we can diagnose protocol-level and physical faults with over 98% accuracy. We also show that our approach is applicable across different network topologies.
Single Photon Detection with On-Chip Number Resolving Capability (2022)

Single photon detection (SPD) plays an important role in many forefront areas of fundamental science and advanced engineering applications. In recent years, rapid developments in superconducting quantum computation, quantum key distribution, and quantum sensing call for SPD in the microwave frequency range. We have explored in this LDRD project a new approach to SPD in an effort to provide deterministic photon-number-resolving capability by using topological Josephson junction structures. In this SAND report, we will present results from our experimental studies of microwave response and theoretical simulations of microwave photon number resolving detector in topological Dirac semimetal Cd3As2. These results are promising for SPD at the microwave frequencies using topological quantum materials.
Dual-pump coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering measurements of nitrogen and oxygen in a laminar jet diffusion flame (1997)

Dual-pump coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) has been demonstrated for the simultaneous measurement of gas-phase temperature and concentrations of molecular nitrogen and oxygen. A polarization technique was used to vary the relative intensities of the two CARS signals and expand the dynamic range of the relative concentration measurements. Detailed temperature and oxygen mole fraction measurements were performed in the stabilization region of a hydrogen-nitrogen jet diffusion flame. These results indicate that there is a region below the nozzle exit where significant amounts of oxygen are found on the fuel side of the peak flame temperature profile.
Sulfation of the Bikunin Chondroitin Sulfate Chain Determines Heavy Chain·Hyaluronan Complex Formation (2013)

Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor (IαI) is a complex comprising two heavy chains (HCs) that are covalently bound by an ester bond to chondroitin sulfate (CS), which itself is attached to Ser-10 of bikunin. IαI is essential for the trans-esterification of HCs onto hyaluronan (HA). This process is important for the stabilization of HA-rich matrices during ovulation and some inflammatory processes. Bikunin has been isolated previously by anion exchange chromatography with a salt gradient up to 0.5 M NaCl and found to contain unsulfated and 4-sulfated CS disaccharides. In this study, bikunin-containing fractions in plasma and urine were separated by anion exchange chromatography with a salt gradient of 0.1-1.0 M NaCl, and fractions were analyzed for their reactivity with the 4-sulfated CS linkage region antibody (2B6). The fractions that reacted with the 2B6 antibody (0.5-0.8 M NaCl) were found to predominantly contain sulfated CS disaccharides, including disulfated disaccharides, whereas the fractions that did not react with this antibody (0.1-0.5 M NaCl) contained unsulfated and 4-sulfated CS disaccharides. IαI in the 0.5-0.8 M NaCl plasma fraction was able to promote the trans-esterification of HCs to HA in the presence of TSG-6, whereas the 0.1-0.5 M NaCl fraction had a much reduced ability to transfer HC proteins to HA, suggesting that the CS containing 4-sulfated linkage region structures and disulfated disaccharides are involved in the HC transfer. Furthermore, these data highlight that the structure of the CS attached to bikunin is important for the transfer of HC onto HA and emphasize a specific role of CS chain sulfation.
Synthesis, structure, and emission spectroscopy of luminescent platinum(II) Pt(COD)(dithiolate) complexes (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, structure, and emission spectroscopy of luminescent platinum(II) Pt(COD)(dithiolate) complexesJoanne M. Bevilacqua, Juan A. Zuleta, and Richard EisenbergCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 17, 3689–3693Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00069a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00069a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views224Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Abstract 5778: Preclinical evaluation of TQB3616, a highly potent and selective small-molecule CDK4/6 inhibitor (2018)

Abstract Objective: The G1 restriction point is critical for regulating the cell cycle and is controlled by the retinoblastoma protein (Rb) pathway (CDK4/6-cyclin D1-Rb-p16/ink4a). Selective CDK4/6 inhibitors, such as palbociclib and ribociclib have been approved by US FDA in combination with letrozole to treat patients with HR+/Her2- breast cancer, and selective CDK4/6 inhibitor LY2835219 is in Phase 3 trials for the same and related indications. Here, we disclose TQB3616 for the first time, a novel selective, potent, oral inhibitor of CDK4/6. Method: The anti-proliferative activity of TQB3616 was evaluated in a panel of 18 Rb-proficient cell lines in a 72-hour viability assay. Daily oral administration was used to evaluate in vivo antitumor activity of TQB3616 in the MCF-7 cell-derived xenograft (CDX) breast cancer model. Effect on CDK4/6-cyclin D1-Rb signaling was assessed by western blot analysis of downstream effector protein p-Rb. In vivo antitumor activity of TQB3616 was also tested in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) lung cancer model LU-01-0393. Result: TQB3616 displayed potent anti-proliferative activity in 8 of 18 Rb-proficient cancer cell lines (&amp;gt;50% inhibition at 0.3 µM). Inhibition of p-Rb in the tumor samples was verified by western blot analysis. TQB3616 showed in vivo antitumor activity in the MCF-7 CDX model with TGI of 60% @7.5 mpk and 93% @15 mpk, better than palbociclib (TGI = 52% @20 mpk, 80% @40 mpk) and LY2835219 (TGI = 45% @7.5 mpk, 76% @15 mpk). TQB3616 also showed good in vivo antitumor activity in the LU-01-0393 lung cancer PDX model with 65% of TGI @35 mpk. Conclusion: TQB3616 is a potent and selective CDK4/6 inhibitor and shows excellent antitumor activity in preclinical tumor models. These results warrant TQB3616 going to the clinic for exploration of its potential for treating HR+/Her2-/Rb+ breast cancer as well as other Rb+ cancer types. Citation Format: Xu Zhaobing, Hu Lihong, Liu Yingchun, Charles Z. Ding, Xiaoyu Zhu, Chen Chen, Yusong Zhu, Jiahu Wu, Dongdong Wu, Shuhui Chen, Xiquan Zhang, Ling Yang, Xin Tian. Preclinical evaluation of TQB3616, a highly potent and selective small-molecule CDK4/6 inhibitor [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5778.
Calcium Ion Modulation of Meizothrombin Autolysis at Arg55-Asp56 and Catalytic Activity (1996)

When a recombinant variant of prothrombin with the cleavage site mutations R155A, R271A, and R284A (rMZ) is exposed to either prothrombinase or ecarin, a form of meizothrombin (rMZa) is generated that is stable for weeks in the presence of Ca2+ (Côté, H. C. F., Stevens, W. K., Bajzar, L., Banfield, D. K., Nesheim, M. E., and MacGillivray, R. T. A. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 11374-11380). In the absence of Ca2+ however, rMZa is rapidly cleaved within a disulfide bonded loop in the F1 domain at Arg55 in the sequence RTPR downward arrowDKL, yielding a molecule with 3 chains joined by two disulfide bonds (rMZa*). Cleavage kinetics are first order regardless of the rMZa concentration, indicating an intramolecular cleavage. This cleavage does not occur at Ca2+ concentrations in excess of 1.0 mM. To assess the role of the F1 domain in rMZa activity, another variant lacking the R155A mutation (rMZdesF1) was expressed, which when activated yields meizothrombin lacking the F1 domain (rMZdesF1a). Rates of hydrolysis of the tripeptide substrate S2238 by rMZa or rMZa* increase from 60% to 90% that of recombinant thrombin as Ca2+, Mg2+, or Mn2+ concentrations are varied from 0 to 10 mM. Km and kcat values for rMZa in the absence and presence of 5 mM Ca2+ are 1.9 and 2.2 microM and 65 and 105 s-1. TAME esterase activity of rMZa also increases with 5 mM Ca2+. No such metal ion-dependent effects are obtained with either thrombin or rMZdesF1a. Fibrinogen clotting activities, relative to that of thrombin, increase in a manner analogous to those obtained with small substrates, for rMZa and rMZa* but not rMZdesF1a. Complexes of the active site probe dansylarginine N-(3-ethyl-1,5-pentanediyl)amide with rMZa and rMZa*, but not thrombin or rMZdesF1a exhibit large cation-dependent decreases in fluorescence intensity, suggesting that metal ion binding in the F1 domain alters the environment of the probe at the active site. These results indicate that in the absence of divalent cations, the activity of rMZa is inhibited, perhaps by obstruction of the active site by the F1 domain, and that Ca2+ binding to the F1 domain modulates the properties of not only the F1 domain but also the protease domain.
Structural and Tissue Reaction Properties of Novel Hydroxyapatite Ceramics with Unidirectional Pores (2007)

Porous ceramics of hydroxyapatite was fabricated utilizing the crystal growth of thin ice columns parallel to one another in gelatin gel containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. The obtained ceramics possessed unidirectional pore channels with a porosity of around 75% and showed compressive strength of up to 13.1 MPa. As control materials, porous hydroxyapatite ceramics with a directionless pore structure were also fabricated by isotropic freezing and compared with the unidirectional samples regarding compressive strength and tissue reaction in vivo. Although the porosity and pore size distribution were similar, the compressive strength and new bone formation ability of the unidirectional samples were significantly greater than those of the random structured porous ceramics.
Conditions for Highly Efficient and Reproducible Round-Window Stimulation in Humans (2011)

Round-window stimulation is a new clinical approach for the application of active middle-ear implants. To investigate factors influencing the efficiency of round-window stimulation, experiments in 6 human temporal bones were performed with different actuator geometries and coupling conditions. The experiments show that the amplitude ratio between stapes and round-window actuator vibration is most efficient when using a 1.0-mm diameter rod with a 30° inclined tip geometry and an attached silicone pad. In this case, the amplitude ratio is 0.34 for frequencies up to 1.5 kHz and 0.27 for frequencies up to 20 kHz, with a standard deviation of only 4-6 dB at most frequencies. The analysis of data presented here and in a companion paper suggests that control of proper round-window membrane pretension as well as the inclined tip geometry are the major requirements for maximal performance.
Quantifying Loss Mechanisms in Turbine Tip Shroud Cavity Flows (2014)

Numerical calculations, steady as well as unsteady, of flow in a turbine stage with a tip shroud cavity elucidate that the loss generating flow features consist of tip seal leakage jet, the interaction of cavity exit flow with main flow, the partially recirculating cavity inlet flow interaction with vane wakes, and injection of leakage flow into the shroud cavity. The first two flow features, namely the tip seal leakage flow and mixing of cavity exit flow with main flow, dominate while the injection of leakage flow plays an indirect role in affecting the loss generation associated with cavity exit flow. The tip shroud cavity flow essentially consists of a system of toroidal vortices, the configuration of which is set by the cavity geometry and changes when subject to unsteady vane-rotor interaction. The role which the toroidal vortices play in setting the cavity inlet recirculating flow pattern and loss generation is delineated. It is suggested that there exists a link between the inlet cavity sizing and the toroidal vortical structure. The computed results appear to indicate that the main flow path approximately perceives the presence of the tip shroud cavity as a doublet; as such a flow model based on this approximation is formulated. Loss variations with tip gap height and leakage flow injection are assessed. Results show that the expected loss due to mixing has a functional dependence on the square of the difference in their velocity magnitude and swirl. The tip seal leakage jet loss scales approximately linearly with the corrected mass flow rate per unit area over the range of tip gaps investigated.
Processing and Properties of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia TBCs Produced Using Nitrogen as Primary Plasma Gas (2007)

Abstract Thermal barrier coatings were produced using both Ar and N2 as the primary plasma gas. Various aspects of the process and the coatings were investigated. It was found that higher in-flight particle temperatures could be produced using N2, but particle velocities were lower. Deposition efficiencies could be increased by a factor of two by using N2 as compared to Ar. Coatings having similar values of porosity, hardness, Young’s modulus and thermal diffusivity could be produced using the two primary gases. The coatings exhibited similar changes (increased hardness, stiffness and thermal diffusivity) when heat-treated at 1400°C. The results point to the potential advantage, in terms of reduced powder consumption and increased production rate, of using N2 as compared to Ar as the primary plasma gas for TBC deposition.
Survival of 4-cell Mouse Embryos Derived from In Vitro Fertilization after Ultrarapid Freezing and Thawing (1989)

Four-cell mouse embryos obtained by fertilization in vitro were frozen ultrarapidly, immediately after one-step exposure to a highly concentrated solution (modified VS1) at room temperature, and later thawed in a 37 degrees C waterbath. The proportion of morphologically normal embryos on thawing was 95.7% (198/207), and 83.8% (166/198) of these embryos developed to morulas and early blastocysts after 24 hr in culture. All frozen-thawed embryos that developed to morulas and early blastocysts were transferred to the uterine horns of recipients on day 3 of pseudopregnancy and 47.0% (78/166) of transferred embryos developed to normal young.
Sediment loss and its causes in Puerto Rico watersheds (2015)

Abstract. A major environmental concern in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico is increased sediment load to water reservoirs, to estuaries and finally to coral reef areas outside the estuaries. Sediment deposition has significantly reduced the storage capacity of reservoirs, and sediments, the associated contaminants and nutrients that are adsorbed, can stress corals and negatively impact reef health. Therefore, it is important to understand local soil erosion and sediment transport processes to better prevent and manage sediment loss. The main objective of this study was to determine the influence of landscape characteristics on sediment loss. We analyzed available precipitation and sediment data collected in Puerto Rico during the past three decades, and information on land use, soil properties and topography. Our partial least squares analysis was not very successful in identifying major factors associated with sediment loss due to the complexity of the study watersheds. However, the main factors causing sediment loss from ridge watersheds in Puerto Rico were mainly caused by interactions of development, heavy rainfall events (especially the hurricanes) and steep mountainous slopes associated with the ridges. These results improve our understanding of sediment loss resulting from changes in land use/cover within a Puerto Rico watershed, and will allow stakeholders to make more informed decisions about future land use planning.