gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Current and Emerging Strategies to Inhibit Type 2 Inflammation in Atopic Dermatitis (2022)

Type 2 immunity evolved to combat helminth infections by orchestrating a combined protective response of innate and adaptive immune cells and promotion of parasitic worm destruction or expulsion, wound repair, and barrier function. Aberrant type 2 immune responses are associated with allergic conditions characterized by chronic tissue inflammation, including atopic dermatitis (AD) and asthma. Signature cytokines of type 2 immunity include interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, and IL-31, mainly secreted from immune cells, as well as IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin, mainly secreted from tissue cells, particularly epithelial cells. IL-4 and IL-13 are key players mediating the prototypical type 2 response; IL-4 initiates and promotes differentiation and proliferation of naïve T-helper (Th) cells toward a Th2 cell phenotype, whereas IL-13 has a pleiotropic effect on type 2 inflammation, including, together with IL-4, decreased barrier function. Both cytokines are implicated in B-cell isotype class switching to generate immunoglobulin E, tissue fibrosis, and pruritus. IL-5, a key regulator of eosinophils, is responsible for eosinophil growth, differentiation, survival, and mobilization. In AD, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-31 are associated with sensory nerve sensitization and itch, leading to scratching that further exacerbates inflammation and barrier dysfunction. Various strategies have emerged to suppress type 2 inflammation, including biologics targeting cytokines or their receptors, and Janus kinase inhibitors that block intracellular cytokine signaling pathways. Here we review type 2 inflammation, its role in inflammatory diseases, and current and future therapies targeting type 2 pathways, with a focus on AD. INFOGRAPHIC.
Economic Analysis of Lost Circulation Events to Optimize the Drilling Process in Basra Oil Fields, Iraq (2019)

Abstract Lost circulation is a unique challenge unlike other factors contributing to non-productive time (NPT). Due to the variability in the nature and type of lost circulation prone formations; there is no universal solution to this challenge. This publication presents a new approach to guide the decision-making process of which and when to apply a certain treatment as compared to another. If implemented correctly, a significant reduction in NPT related to lost circulation can be expected. Also, the cost of each treatment, as well as the NPT that is associated with the treatment, were examined in this study. Lost circulation events for three formations which are the Dammam, Hartha, and Shuaiba were gathered from over 1000 wells drilled in Basra oil fields, Iraq using various sources and reports; the treatments were classified by scenario –partial, severe, and complete losses – as well as cost, efficiency, and formation types. This paper is developed based on probabilities, expected monetary value (EMV), and decision tree analysis (DTA) to recommend the best-lost circulation strategy for each type of losses. This paper utilizes probability and economics in the decision-making process. This is the first study that considers a detailed probability and cost to treat the lost circulation problem. Thousands of treatment scenarios for each type of losses are conducted, and the EMVs for all scenarios are calculated. For each type of losses, the lowest EMV treatment strategy- that is practically applicable in the field and makes sense- is selected to be used to treat each type of losses to minimize NPT and cost. If the losses didn't stop after utilizing the proposed treatment strategies, it is recommended to use liner hanger to isolate the losses zone and then continue drilling. A change in well design is also suggested to help to minimize NPT and cost. In addition, a formalized methodology for responding to losses in the Dammam, Hartha, and Shuaiba formations is established and provided as means of assisting drilling personnel to work through the lost circulation problem in a systematic way. One challenge in drilling wells in Basra oil fields is the inconsistency of approaches to the lost circulation problem. Therefore, the result of this data analysis provides a path forward for the Basra area lost circulation events and suggests probable methods that can be used in similar formations globally. Additionally, the methodology can be adapted to studying other types of formations and drilling challenges have the same geological properties in any major oil field.
Re: Dominant Negative ATM Mutations in Breast Cancer Families (2002)

Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in women in the
world, with a cumulative lifetime risk estimated to be 10-12%.
Cytogenic and molecular genetic analyses of breast tumor cells
suggest that the development of human breast cancer involves
the accumulation of alterations in genes which normally serve
to control growth and differentiation. One type of this
alteration is loss of heterozygosity (LOH), which is detected
in many cases of breast cancer. LOH of tumor suppressor genes
are associated with cancerogenesis. Several studies have
indicated that the genes harbors on long arm of chromosome 11,
could be detected during tumorogenesis. Deletions at 11q23 were
detected in variety of human neoplasma, including breast. In
this region can be harbor at least one tumor suppressor gene,
which is inactivated during the establishment or progression of
several types of tumors. Evidence for the existence of a tumor
suppresor gene(s) in this region came from the observation that
tumorgenicity of the MCF-7 cell line is inhibited by the
introduction of the segment 11q13-q23 of the normal human
chromosome 11. One of the candidate gene is A-T
(ataxia-teleangiectasia) gene, located at chromosomal region
11q22-q23. Patients carrying two mutant alleles (ATM) and
affected by A-T a 100-fold higher risk of developing cancer,
moustly leukemias and lymphomas, than unaffected age-matched
subjects. Heterozygous A-T carriers have a 3,1 and 2,3 (females
and males) fold increases risk of cancer, in particular breast
cancer, compared to the normal population. IT is estimated,
that asuch as 8% of sporadic breast cancer could possibly
develop in carriers of ATM gene predisposition mutations. It
seems that inherited mutations in ATM gene are responsible for
a certain proportion of breast cancer cases, and that LOH of
other allele will unmask such a recessive mutation. The ATM
gene spans - 150kb genomic sequence and contains 66 exons. It
is expressed as 12 kb transcript in all tissues and cell types.
This gene is implicated in cell cycle regulation, control of
telomere length, and response to DNA danage. The enzyme
cooperates with many protein in cell. Its inactivation could be
influenced repair process in cell. We interested in catalytic
domain as candidate region for inactivation of kinase activity.
This part of protein corresponds with last 16 exons on DNA of
this gene. Tumor DNA from 42 patients with primary breast
cancer were studied. This samples were choosen after analyzed
for lost of one alele (part of chromosome) in region 11q22-q23
by methods which detected polymorphic makers on pair of
chromosomes. For LOH detection we used SSCP (single-strand
conformation polymorphism) and silver staining method. We did
not found any unique SSCP variants.
Novel energy-efficient scalable soft-output SSFE MIMO detector architectures (2009)

Energy-efficient scalable soft-output signal detectors are of significant interest in emerging multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication systems. However, traditional high-performance MIMO detectors consume a rather high amount of power, are typically constraint to one modulation scheme and are not scalable with the number of antennas. Hence, they are not well-suited for future energy-efficient software defined radio (SDR) platforms. This paper presents two energy-efficient scalable MIMO detector architectures: one optimized for high throughput, one for low area. Both architectures support 16-QAM as well as 64-QAM while offering soft-output and near-ML performance. The 2 times 2 high-throughput architecture was implemented in CMOS 65 nm technology and subsequently scaled to 4 times 4 and 8 times 8. The 4 times 4 instance provides up to 300 Mbps throughput while consuming only 0.3 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> area and 28 mW power. The 8 times 8 instance offers a throughput 10times better than the state-of-the-art while consuming 2/3 less power. Thus, the proposed near-ML selective spanning with fast enumeration (SSFE) based detector architectures are not only multi-standard capable and scalable, they are also highly efficient.
Combined Fluoroendoscopic Removal of Retained Biliary Stones (1983)

Sixty-one patients were referred in the postoperative period for stone extraction through the T-tube tract. In four patients the calculi passed spontaneously. One patient had a papilloma and another a blood clot mimicking a stone. Of the remaining 55 cases, all but three were successfully treated by removal of all calculi from the ductal system, a success rate of 94.5%. No major complications occurred in this series. We believe the combined fluoroendoscopic approach to be the preferred method of extracting stones through the T-tube tract because of the greater precision possible when manipulating under direct vision and the reduction in radiation exposure of patients and personnel.
Pressure Ulcers in Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture Across the Continuum of Care (2009)

Approximately one-third of hip fracture patients developed an APU during the study period. The rate was highest in the acute setting, a finding that is significant in light of Medicare's policy of not reimbursing hospitals for the treatment of hospital-APUs. Hip fracture patients constitute an important group to target for pressure ulcer prevention in hospitals.
Circuit depth scaling for quantum approximate optimization (2022)

Variational quantum algorithms are the centerpiece of modern quantum programming. These algorithms involve training parametrized quantum circuits using a classical coprocessor, an approach adapted partly from classical machine learning. An important subclass of these algorithms, designed for combinatorial optimization on current quantum hardware, is the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). Despite efforts to realize deeper circuits, experimental state-of-the-art implementations are limited to a fixed depth. However, it is known that problem density---a problem constraint to a variable ratio---induces underparametrization in fixed depth QAOA. Density-dependent performance has been reported in the literature, yet the circuit depth required to achieve fixed performance (henceforth called critical depth) remained unknown. Here, we propose a predictive model, based on a logistic saturation conjecture for critical depth scaling with respect to density. Focusing on random instances of MAX-2-SAT, we test our predictive model against simulated data with up to 15 qubits. We report the average critical depth, required to attain a success probability of 0.7, saturates at a value of 10 for densities beyond 4. We observe the predictive model to describe the simulated data within a $3\ensuremath{\sigma}$ confidence interval. Furthermore, based on the model, a linear trend for the critical depth with respect to problem size is recovered for the range of 5--15 qubits.
Ray tracing in biaxial materials (2010)

Algorithms for polarization ray tracing biaxial materials and calculating the directions of ray propagation and energy flow, the refractive indices, and the coupling coefficients for all four resultant reflected and transmitted rays are presented. Examples of polarization state maps, retardance maps and diattenuation maps are generated as a function of angle of incidence for comparing plane parallel plate systems with uniaxial and biaxial materials.
Excitation and propagation of surface waves on a viscoelastic half-space with application to medical diagnosis (1999)

An analytical solution is developed for the problem of surface wave generation on a linear viscoelastic half-space by a finite rigid circular disk located on the surface and oscillating normal to it. The solution is an incremental advancement of theoretical work reported in articles focused on seismology. Since the application of interest here is medical diagnostics, the solution is verified experimentally using a viscoelastic phantom with material properties comparable to biological soft tissue. Findings suggest that prior estimates in the literature of the shear viscosity in human soft tissue may not be accurate in the low audible frequency range. Measurement of wave motion on the skin surface caused by internal biological functions or external stimuli has been studied by a few researchers for rapid, nonintrusive diagnosis of a variety of specific medical ailments. It is hoped that the developments reported here will advance these techniques and also provide insight into related diagnostic methods, such as sonoelastic imaging and other methodologies that utilize disease-related variations in tissue shear elasticity or variations in density due to gaseous inclusions.
Stepwise Evolution of DNA‐Programmable Nanoparticle Superlattices (2013)

Thin-film DNA–nanoparticle superlattices can be grown one layer at a time using a stepwise assembly process on DNA substrates. A new design rule for these programmable crystals is presented: the superlattice will adopt an orientation that maximizes complementary DNA interactions with a given crystal plane. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Direct electrochemical oxidation of S-captopril using gold electrodes modified with graphene-AuAg nanocomposites (2014)

In this paper, we present a novel approach for the electrochemical detection of S-captopril based on graphene AuAg nanostructures used to modify an Au electrode. Multi-layer graphene (Gr) sheets decorated with embedded bimetallic AuAg nanoparticles were successfully synthesized catalytically with methane as the carbon source. The two catalytic systems contained 1.0 wt% Ag and 1.0 wt% Au, while the second had a larger concentration of metals (1.5 wt% Ag and 1.5 wt% Au) and was used for the synthesis of the Gr-AuAg-1 and Gr-AuAg-1.5 multicomponent samples. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis indicated the presence of graphene flakes that had regular shapes (square or rectangular) and dimensions in the tens to hundreds of nanometers. We found that the size of the embedded AuAg nanoparticles varied between 5 and 100 nm, with the majority being smaller than 20 nm. Advanced scanning transmission electron microscopy studies indicated a bimetallic characteristic of the metallic clusters. The resulting Gr-AuAg-1 and Gr-AuAg-1.5 samples were used to modify the surface of commonly used Au substrates and subsequently employed for the direct electrochemical oxidation of S-captopril. By comparing the differential pulse voltammograms recorded with the two modified electrodes at various concentrations of captopril, the peak current was determined to be well-defined, even at relatively low concentration (10(-5) M), for the Au/Gr-AuAg-1.5 electrode. In contrast, the signals recorded with the Au/Gr-AuAg-1 electrode were poorly defined within a 5×10(-6) to 5×10(-3) M concentration range, and many of them overlapped with the background. Such composite materials could find significant applications in nanotechnology, sensing, or nanomedicine.
Characterization and simulation of a 915 MHz receiver (1999)

Students in a new undergraduate course in Wireless Circuits and Systems at the University of South Florida [1] used a versatile test bench and CAE environment to characterize and simulate a 915 MHz receiver subsystem. The subsystem, which down-converts to a 70 MHz IF frequency, is constructed with coaxial components and characterized at several different levels. The 3 GHz test bench includes a vector network analyzer, a spectrum analyzer and a synthesized signal source. Measurements were compared to system simulation using HP EEsof’s Advanced Design System (ADS). Simulation accuracy is improved through the use of measured component-level characterization data. This receiver case study provides powerful insight into the capabilities of modern measurement and simulation tools for assessment of system-level linear and nonlinear performance. This revealing case study would be easily duplicated for in-house company training and short course seminars, as well as RF/microwave courses at other universities.
Diverse perspectives and training paths in cardiology: An analysis of authorship in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)

Foreign graduates and international researchers contribute substantially to cardiology research in the US, but women authors remain under-represented.
Operando XAS, in-situ TEM and XPS investigation of the redox cycles and migration of the bismuth promoter in the working iron catalysts for light olefin synthesis from syngas (2019)

International audience
Correlation between urokinase‐type plasminogen activator production and the metastasizing ability of two murine mammary adenocarcinomas (1988)

Plasminogen activator (PA) activity was studied in a transplantable murine mammary adenocarcinoma (M3), moderately metastatic to lungs, and in a highly metastatic variant tumor (MM3) to establish whether a correlation existed between this enzyme and the tumors' metastasizing abilities. The cell-associated and secreted PA activities from primary cultures of both tumors, as well as from solid tumor homogenates, were quantitated by means of a fibrinolytic assay. Immunoneutralization and zymographic assays were done to identify the PA present in both tumors. In culture, the highly metastasizing MM3 cells produced (secreted plus cell-associated activator) 3.3-fold higher PA levels than the M3 cells. This difference was mainly attributed to the enhanced secreting ability of MM3, as these tumor cells secreted 102 times their cell-associated PA activity within 24 hr, while M3 cells secreted only 11 times this activity during the same period. PA activity was also significantly higher in MM3 than in M3 tumor homogenates. Acid-labile inhibitors and non-specific proteases were not detected. In both tumors, PA was characterized as urokinase-type, with a molecular weight of approximately 48 kDa. These results suggest that, in this model, PA plays a role in metastasis formation.
Highly transparent and conductive electrodes enabled by scalable printing-and-sintering of silver nanowires (2020)

Silver nanowires (Ag NWs) have good promised for flexible and transparent electronics. However, It remains an open question on how to achieve large-scale printing of Ag NWs with high optical transparency, electrical conductivity, and mechanical durability for practical applications, though extensive research has been conducted for more than a decade. In this work, we propose a possible solution that integrates screen printing of Ag NWs with flash-light sintering (FLS). We demonstrate that the use of low-concentration, screen-printable Ag NW ink enables large-area and high-resolution patterning of Ag NWs. A critical advantage comes from the FLS process that allows low-temperature processing, short operational time, and high output rate-characteristics that fit the scalable manufacturing. Importantly, we show that the resultant Ag NW patterns feature low sheet resistance (1.1-9.2 Ohm sq<sup>-1</sup>), high transparency (75.2-92.6%), and thus a remarkable figure of merit comparable to state of the art. These outstanding properties of Ag NW patterns, together with the scalable fabrication method we propose, would facilitate many Ag NW-based applications, such as transparent heaters, stretchable displays, and wearable devices; here, we demonstrate the novel design of flexible and transparent radio frequency 5G antennas.
Abstract 1574: Lymphocyte GRK2 as a Novel Biological Marker of Alzheimer's Disease (2006)

In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), alterations in β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signalling have been found in both post-mortem cerebrocortical and peripheral lymphocytes. Decreased β-ARs number, altered β...
Hydrogen Conversion of Syngas by Using WGS Reaction in a Coal Gasifier (2013)

A gasification process with pre-combustion <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX> capture process, which converts coal into environment-friendly synthetic gas, might be promising option for sustainable energy conversion. In the coal gasification for power generation, coal is converted into <TEX>$H_2$</TEX>, CO and <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX>. To reduce the cost of <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX> capture and to maximize hydrogen production, the removal of CO and the additional production of hydrogen might be needed. In this study, a 2l/min water gas shift system for a coal gasifier has been studied. To control the concentration of major components such as <TEX>$H_2$</TEX>, CO, and <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX>, MFCs were used in experimental apparatus. The gas concentration in these experiments was equal with syngas concentration from dry coal gasifiers (<TEX>$H_2$</TEX>: 25-35, CO: 60-65, <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX>: 5-15 vol%). The operation conditions of the WGS system were <TEX>$200-400^{\circ}C$</TEX>, 1-10bar. Steam/Carbon ratios were between 2.0 and 5.0. The commercial catalysts were used in the high temperature shift reactor and the low temperature shift reactor. As steam/carbon ratio increased, the conversion (1-<TEX>$CO_{out}/CO_{in}$</TEX>) increased from 93% to 97% at the condition of CO: 65, <TEX>$H_2$</TEX>: 30, <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX>: 5%. However the conversion decreased with increasing of gas flow and temperature. The gas concentration from LTS was <TEX>$H_2$</TEX>: 54.7-60.0, <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX>: 38.8-44.9, CO: 0.3-1%.
Association of miR-144 levels in the peripheral blood with COVID-19 severity and mortality (2022)

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) can be asymptomatic or lead to a wide symptom spectrum, including multi-organ damage and death. Here, we explored the potential of microRNAs in delineating patient condition and predicting clinical outcome. Plasma microRNA profiling of hospitalized COVID-19 patients showed that miR-144-3p was dynamically regulated in response to COVID-19. Thus, we further investigated the biomarker potential of miR-144-3p measured at admission in 179 COVID-19 patients and 29 healthy controls recruited in three centers. In hospitalized patients, circulating miR-144-3p levels discriminated between non-critical and critical illness (AUC<sub>miR-144-3p</sub> = 0.71; p = 0.0006), acting also as mortality predictor (AUC<sub>miR-144-3p</sub> = 0.67; p = 0.004). In non-hospitalized patients, plasma miR-144-3p levels discriminated mild from moderate disease (AUC<sub>miR-144-3p</sub> = 0.67; p = 0.03). Uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory cytokines can lead to clinical deterioration. Thus, we explored the added value of a miR-144/cytokine combined analysis in the assessment of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. A miR-144-3p/Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) combined score discriminated between non-critical and critical hospitalized patients (AUC<sub>miR-144-3p/EGF</sub> = 0.81; p < 0.0001); moreover, a miR-144-3p/Interleukin-10 (IL-10) score discriminated survivors from nonsurvivors (AUC<sub>miR-144-3p/IL-10</sub> = 0.83; p < 0.0001). In conclusion, circulating miR-144-3p, possibly in combination with IL-10 or EGF, emerges as a noninvasive tool for early risk-based stratification and mortality prediction in COVID-19.