gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A method for predicting the expected life of bus capacitors (2002)

Predicting the expected life of motor drive bus capacitors is complicated by several factors: the equivalent series resistance of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is frequency and temperature sensitive; the ripple current is a composite waveform; and the capacitor expected life is very sensitive to operating temperature. This paper describes a method that addresses all these factors by developing separate models for capacitor equivalent series resistance, motor drive circuitry, heat transfer conditions and capacitor life.
PLCγ-1 and c-Src mediate epidermal growth factor receptor stimulated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma invasion (2006)

3519 Most head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumors rapidly invade the surrounding normal stroma and metastasize to regional and distant lymph nodes. Understanding the molecular mechanisms responsible for the highly invasive nature of HNSCC tumors is vital in developing effective strategies to manage this disease. We previously reported that PLCγ-1 is a mediator of cellular migration and invasion downstream of EGFR where PLCγ-1 modulates HNSCC cell motility but does not affect cell proliferation indicating specificity of function. In addition, we also reported that c-Src plays a role in HNSCC invasion downstream of EGFR. However, the mechanisms whereby EGFR mediates HNSCC invasion via PLCγ-1 and c-Src activation are incompletely understood. The present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that levels of PLCγ-1 and c-Src are elevated in metastatic tumor compared with levels in primary tumor, we used matched tissues derived from metastatic and primary HNSCC tumors. We found that the expression levels of PLCγ-1 and c-Src were increased in metastatic tumors compared to levels in primary tumors. To test the hypothesis that inhibition of PLCγ-1 or c-Src activation abrogates EGF stimulated HNSCC cell invasion, we used HNSCC cells expressing a dominant-negative PLCγ-1 or c-Src construct for their response to EGF stimulation in Matrigel coated invasion chambers. We found that inhibition of PLCγ-1 or c-Src abrogated EGF stimulated invasion in these cells. To determine the interaction between PLCγ-1 and c-Src in HNSCC cells stimulated with EGF, we carried out immunoprecipitation of PLCγ-1 from EGF stimulated or unstimulated cells followed by immunoblotting for c-Src and PLCγ-1. EGF stimulation increased the association between PLCγ-1 and c-Src in HNSCC cells. Combined inhibition of PLCγ-1 and c-Src resulted in further abrogation of HNSCC cell invasion, using the PLC inhibitor (U73122) and the c-Src family inhibitor (AZD0530). These cumulative results suggest that PLCγ-1 and c-Src activation contribute to HNSCC invasion, interact with each other on EGF stimulation, and combined targeting of both these molecules inhibit HNSCC invasion.
Perching of Nano-Quadrotor Using Self-Trigger Finite-Time Second-Order Continuous Control (2020)

This article proposes the perching of nano-quadrotor using self-trigger finite-time second-order continuous control on a vertical wall. In perching, nano-quadrotor evolves from 3-D space and aligned in 2-D space. Although quadrotor dynamics are quite complex, but it is a combination of subsystems, and each subsystem is a relative degree two-type system. The designed controller converges all the position error and derivative of position error simultaneously, and in reaching phase only, hence there is no sliding phase. The proposed controller is also chattering free. Therefore, it does not actuate the unwanted dynamics of the quadrotor. Stability analysis using the Lyapunov stability theory has been done, and also analysis of the finite-time convergence is given. Furthermore, using the Lipschitz method, self-triggering conditions are derived for the controller, which gives the next triggering instant of the actuation. This mechanism reduces the task of the controller as well as the sensor. Experimental studies for nano-quadrotor perching on the vertical wall are conducted in indoor and outdoor scenarios. Through the experimental study, it is also validated that the proposed controller provides a better result than the second-order twisting controller.
Differential Electromagnetic Attacks on a 32-bit Microprocessor Using Software Defined Radios (2013)

Side-channel analysis has been used to successfully attack many cryptographic systems. However, to improve trace quality and make collection of side-channel data easier, the attacker typically modifies the target device to add a trigger signal. This trigger implies a very powerful attacker with virtually complete control over the device. This paper describes a method to collect side-channel data using a software defined radio (SDR) in real-time without requiring a collection device trigger. A correlation-based frequency-dependent leakage mapping technique is introduced to evaluate a 32-bit microprocessor, revealing that individual key bytes leak at different frequencies. Key byte-dependent leakage is observed in both SDR collected and triggered oscilloscope-based collections (which serve to validate the SDR data). This research is the first to demonstrate effective differential attack using SDRs. Successful attacks are presented using two SDRs, including a US$20 digital television receiver with modified drivers.
Expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7 on circulating platelets of patients with acute coronary syndrome and association with left ventricular functional recovery (2013)

These findings indicate that platelet surface expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7 might differentially contribute to SDF-1-mediated effects on regenerative mechanisms following ACS. Studies are warranted to further evaluate the regulatory mechanisms of CXCR4/-7 expression and its prognostic impact on CAD.
Synthesis, Structure Revision, and Absolute Configuration of (+)-Didemniserinolipid B, a Serinol Marine Natural Product from a Tunicate <i>Didemnum </i>sp. (2002)

[structure: see text] En route to proving the absolute and relative stereochemistry, through synthesis, of (+)-didemniserinolipid B (1), the first natural serinolipid isolated from a tunicate Didemnum sp., it was discovered that the isolated natural product was in fact the 31-sulfate configured 8R,9R,10R,13S,30S. This structural reassignment was only possible after the development of a microwave-assisted method for the sulfation of unreactive hydroxyl groups.
Apoptosis and proliferation as predictors of chemotherapy response in patients with breast carcinoma (2000)

The results of this preliminary study support evidence that chemotherapy may increase apoptosis, decrease Ki-67, and increase Bcl-2 expression in primary breast carcinomas that subsequently respond to therapy. Methodology allowing morphological confirmation of apoptosis would be advantageous.
A design and fabrication of millimeter‐wave microstrip antenna with monolithic microwave integrated circuits (1995)

Abstract This paper describes a design method in the millimeter‐wave frequency region for an aperture‐coupled microstrip antenna which unifies a feed network consisting of a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) which affects the antenna characteristics at millimeter‐wave frequencies, the shift of the location of the radiating element which is important in actual configuration in the millimeter‐wave region, and the effect of the adhesives. Based on this design, an antenna was fabricated. A quartz substrate was used for the radiating element, while a GaAs substrate was used for the feed network. A high radiating efficiency of 87.1 percent and a wideband characteristic of 3.1 percent with VSWR &lt; 2 were attained. As an application of this structure, a test fabrication is reported on the aperture coupled microstrip antenna in the 40‐GHz band in which an MMIC frequency converter is integrated.
A gene expression profile associated with oral cancer identifies a high risk group of oral cancer patients with poor survival (2008)

1726 The current classification schemes for head and neck cancer are inadequate for predicting prognosis. To determine if oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) could be further subclassified into clinically relevant categories on the basis of gene expression, we compared the genetic expression of 119 incident OSCC, 35 normal oral mucosa and 17 dysplastic lesions using Affymetrix U133 2.0 Plus arrays. We performed supervised hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis using a genetic expression signature of 131 genes associated with invasive OSCC. These analyses identified a group of 45 OSCC with a distinct expression signature, which was largely quantified by twelve probe sets that appeared to be down-regulated only in this group compared to both the dysplasias and the other 74 OSCC samples. Subsequent regression analysis adjusting for age and gender revealed that 63 out of 131 probe sets were differentially expressed between these two OSCC groups. The mean (± SE) overall and OSCC-specific survival for patients with this gene signature was 38.3 ± 0.09% and 41.5 ± 0.09%, respectively compared to 70.0 ± 0.07% and 82.3 ± 0.06% for patients without the signature. Multivariate analysis using a Cox-proportional hazards regression adjusting for age, gender and stage showed that patients with this genetic signature were at a significantly higher risk of overall and OSCC-specific death compared to those without the signature (HR=3.31, 95% CI: 1.66, 6.58; HR=5.43, 95% CI: 2.32, 12.73, respectively). Results based on stepwise Cox-proportional hazards regression with entrance and exit significant levels of 0.01 and 0.05, respectively, using the 131 probe sets revealed that a model containing two probe sets, thrombospondin 1 and breast carcinoma amplified sequence 1, performed best at identifying patients with worse overall survival. Subsequent modeling setting the entry and exit significance levels at 0.05 and 0.1, respectively, identified 5 other probe sets, hypothetical protein FLJ22671, EPS8-like 1, SH3-domain GRB2-like (endophilin), serpine peptidase inhibitor (clade E, member 1), and oncostatin M receptor, with high discriminating potential. Together, these results suggest that there appears to be a high-risk genetic expression signature associated with overall and OSCC-specific survival.
The Role of 5-HT2C Receptors in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Depression (2010)

There is considerable evidence supporting the involvement of serotonin-2C (5-HT2C) receptors in the pathophysiology of depression. First, 5-HT2C receptors play an important role in the regulation of monoamine transmission. Second, abnormalities in expression and functioning of 5-HT2C receptors have been observed in depressed patients and in animal models of depression. Third, a large body of evidence indicates that 5-HT2C receptors mediate certain behavioral functions that are disturbed in depression. Finally, some compounds acting on 5-HT2C receptors are effective in the treatment of depression. This chapter aims to summarize these four lines of evidence for the involvement of 5-HT2C receptors in pathophysiology and treatment of depression.
Daresbury Laboratory Short Pulse Klystron Modulators (2018)

Diversified Technologies, Inc. (DTI) has developed a unique short pulse klystron modulator system for the Compact Linear Advanced Research Accelerator (CLARA) Project at Daresbury Laboratory. One unit has been delivered and three more are on contract. This system is based on the combination of a high voltage solid-state switch, with a conventional 1:7 pulse transformer, and a passive pulse corrector with automated adjustment. This unique passive circuitry delivers the extremely flat output pulse required for advanced accelerator applications. The CLARA modulators share design elements with previous DTI modulators which provides both a lower cost and easier to maintain system. The modulators are designed to pulse 80 MW-class klystrons at an avg power of 250 kW and provides adjustable high efficiency operation in the 45 kV to 450 kV range for currents up to 545 A and pulse lengths of 1.5 to 4.0 μs. One key objective of modulator development is optimization of voltage flatness (± 0.02 %), stability (± 0.05 %), and reproducibility (± 0.05 %).
Three distinct commonly deleted regions of chromosome arm 16q in human primary and metastatic prostate cancers (1996)

Human prostate cancers frequently show loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at loci on the long arm of chromosome 16 (16q). In this study, we analyzed prostate cancer specimens from 48 patients (Stage B, 20 cases; Stage C, 10 cases; cancer death, 18 cases) for allelic loss on 16q, using either restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)- or polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods. Allelic losses were observed in 20 (42%) of 48 cases, all of which were informative with at least one locus. Detailed deletion mapping identified three distinct commonly deleted regions on this chromosome arm: q22.1-q22.3, q23.2-q24.1, and q24.3-qter. On the basis of a published sex-averaged framework map, the estimated sizes of the commonly deleted regions were 4.7 (16q22.1-q22.3), 17.2 (16q23.2-q24.1) and 8.4 cM (16q24.3-qter). Allelic losses on 16q were observed more frequently in the cancer-death cases (11 of 18; 61%) than in early-stage tumor cases (9 of 30; 30%; P < 0.05). In 7 of 11 patients from whom DNA was available from metastatic cancers as well as from normal tissues and primary tumors, the primary cancer foci had no detectable abnormality of 16q, but the metastatic tumors showed LOH. These results suggest that inactivation of tumor suppressor genes on 16q plays an important role in the progression of prostate cancer. We also analyzed exons 5-8 of the E-cadherin gene, located at 16q22.1, in tumor DNA by means of PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism and direct sequencing, but we detected no somatic mutations in this candidate gene.
Long-Term Mortality Rates in Acute De Novo Versus Acute-on-Chronic Heart Failure (2014)

Patients with ACHF had significantly higher long-term mortality rates than those with de novo acute heart failure (HF). Multidisciplinary HF disease management programs are highly needed for such high-risk populations.
Resonance-based low-frequency synthetic jet actuator modeling, design and testing (2006)

Synthetic Jet Actuators have been the topic of extensive study in the aerospace industry because of their ability to actively control flow over aerodynamic surfaces without discrete control surfaces such as a flap. One challenge has been to develop a low frequency, lightweight actuator that can provide large displacements. This study will discuss the modeling, design, manufacture, and testing of a bimorph piezo-composite actuator that will provide such displacements at low frequencies. The design employs two opposing benders that provide a piston-type motion. The initial goals of this study were to achieve 30 m/s out of the slot while maintaining the mechanical resonant frequency of the system at about 100 Hz.
Abstract 3364: Upregulation of sonic hedgehog contributes to TGF-β1-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in NSCLC cells (2011)

Abstract Background: Lung cancer especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the major cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, and the aggressiveness of NSCLC has been shown to be associated with the acquisition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The acquisition of EMT phenotype induced by TGF-β1 in several cancer cells has been implicated with tumor aggressiveness and resistance to conventional therapeutics; however, the molecular mechanism of EMT and tumor aggressiveness in NSCLC remains unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings: In this study, we found, for the first time, that the induction of EMT by chronic exposure of A549 NSCLC cells to TGF-β1 (A549-M cells) led to the up-regulation of sonic hedgehog (Shh) both at the mRNA and protein levels causing activation of hedgehog signaling. Induction of EMT was found to be consistent with aggressive characteristics such as increased clonogenic growth, cell motility and invasion. The aggressiveness of these cells was attenuated by treatment of A549-M cells with pharmacological inhibitors of Hh signaling in addition to Shh knock-down by siRNA. The inhibition of Hh signaling by pharmacological inhibitors led to the reversal of EMT phenotype as confirmed by the reduction of mesenchymal markers such as ZEB1 and Fibronectin, and induction of epithelial marker E-cadherin. Conclusions/Significance: These results suggest that transcriptional up-regulation of Shh signaling is mechanistically associated with TGF-β1 induced EMT phenotype, and thus the inhibitors of Shh signaling could be useful for the reversal of EMT phenotype, which would inhibit the metastatic potential of NSCLC cells and also make these tumors more sensitive to conventional therapeutics. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3364. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3364
Real-Time Multifrequency MR Elastography of the Human Brain Reveals Rapid Changes in Viscoelasticity in Response to the Valsalva Maneuver (2021)

Modulation of cerebral blood flow and vascular compliance plays an important role in the regulation of intracranial pressure (ICP) and also influences the viscoelastic properties of brain tissue. Therefore, magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), the gold standard for measuring <i>in vivo</i> viscoelasticity of brain tissue, is potentially sensitive to cerebral autoregulation. In this study, we developed a multifrequency MMRE technique that provides serial maps of viscoelasticity at a frame rate of nearly 6 Hz without gating, i.e., in quasi-real time (rt-MMRE). This novel method was used to monitor rapid changes in the viscoelastic properties of the brains of 17 volunteers performing the Valsalva maneuver (VM). rt-MMRE continuously sampled externally induced vibrations comprising three frequencies of 30.03, 30.91, and 31.8 Hz were over 90 s using a steady-state, spiral-readout gradient-echo sequence. Data were processed by multifrequency dual elasto-visco (MDEV) inversion to generate maps of magnitude shear modulus | G<sup>∗</sup>| (stiffness) and loss angle φ at a frame rate of 5.4 Hz. As controls, the volunteers were examined to study the effects of breath-hold following deep inspiration and breath-hold following expiration. We observed that | G<sup>∗</sup>| increased while φ decreased due to VM and, less markedly, due to breath-hold in inspiration. Group mean VM values showed an early overshoot of | G<sup>∗</sup>| 2.4 ± 1.2 s after the onset of the maneuver with peak values of 6.7 ± 4.1% above baseline, followed by a continuous increase in stiffness during VM. A second overshoot of | G<sup>∗</sup>| occurred 5.5 ± 2.0 s after the end of VM with peak values of 7.4 ± 2.8% above baseline, followed by 25-s sustained recovery until the end of image acquisition. φ was constantly reduced by approximately 2% during the entire VM without noticeable peak values. This is the first report of viscoelasticity changes in brain tissue induced by physiological maneuvers known to alter ICP and detected by clinically applicable rt-MMRE. Our results show that apnea and VM slightly alter brain properties toward a more rigid-solid behavior. Overshooting stiffening reactions seconds after onset and end of VM reveal rapid autoregulatory processes of brain tissue viscoelasticity.
Edge turbulence scaling with shear flow (1992)

A formula relating turbulence levels with arbitrary shear flow is derived. When the diffusion coefficient is made a functional of the corresponding turbulence level, it is found that the scaling laws governing turbulence suppression are considerably modified. The results are compared with known formulas in various limiting cases, indicating that turbulence suppression mainly pertains in the moderate shear flow regime. The results also show that a flattened (steep) radial equilibrium gradient tends to enhance (eliminate) turbulence suppression due to the shear flow.
Computer-based patient monitoring (1982)

A computerized ICU patient monitoring system is described. The bedside module is a general-purpose unit designed to replace the entire range of traditional monitoring devices. All user-interaction, signal processing, and data presentation in this unit are under the direct control of a microcomputer. The nurse-station module, also containing a microcomputer, is responsible for information routing, controlling nurse-desk equipment as well as data and signal presentation. The system hs been in use since 1978 in our 8-bed surgical ICU and since 1980 in an 8-bed coronary care unit. The application programs for ECG, blood pressures, temperature, thermodilution cardiac output, and fluid balance are discussed. The programs for monitoring controlled ventilation are presented in detail. The possibility for feedback control of mechanical ventilation is reviewed. Examples of clinical advantages from automation are given.
Adipic and Malonic Acid Aqueous Solutions:  Surface Tensions and Saturation Vapor Pressures (2007)

The surface tension of adipic aqueous solutions was measured as a function of temperature (T=278-313 K) and adipic acid mole fraction (X=0.000-0.003) using the Wilhelmy plate method. A parametrization fitted to these data is presented. The evaporation rates of binary water-malonic and water-adipic acid droplets were measured with a TDMA technique at different temperatures (T=293-300 K) and relative humidities (58-80%), and the saturation vapor pressures of subcooled liquid malonic and adipic acids were derived from the data using a binary evaporation model. The temperature dependence of the vapor pressures was obtained as least-squares fits to the derived vapor pressures: ln(Psat,l) (Pa)=220.2389-22634.96/T (K)-26.66767 ln T (K) for malonic acid and ln(Psat,l) (Pa)=140.6704-18230.97/T (K)-15.48011 ln T (K) for adipic acid.
End2You -- The Imperial Toolkit for Multimodal Profiling by End-to-End Learning (2018)

We introduce End2You -- the Imperial College London toolkit for multimodal profiling by end-to-end deep learning. End2You is an open-source toolkit implemented in Python and is based on Tensorflow. It provides capabilities to train and evaluate models in an end-to-end manner, i.e., using raw input. It supports input from raw audio, visual, physiological or other types of information or combination of those, and the output can be of an arbitrary representation, for either classification or regression tasks. To our knowledge, this is the first toolkit that provides generic end-to-end learning for profiling capabilities in either unimodal or multimodal cases. To test our toolkit, we utilise the RECOLA database as was used in the AVEC 2016 challenge. Experimental results indicate that End2You can provide comparable results to state-of-the-art methods despite no need of expert-alike feature representations, but self-learning these from the data "end to end".
MVS Nanotransistor Model (2015)

The MIT Virtual Source (MVS) model is a semi-empirical compact model for nanoscale transistors that accurately describes the physics of quasi-ballistic transistors with only a few physical parameters.
Supplementary Figure 2 from MDM2 Regulates Dihydrofolate Reductase Activity through Monoubiquitination (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from MDM2 Regulates Dihydrofolate Reductase Activity through Monoubiquitination
Clinical Outcomes in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated With EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Other Targeted Therapies Based on Tumor Versus Plasma Genomic Profiling (2021)

There were no significant differences in clinical outcomes among patients treated with approved EGFR-TKIs whose mutations were identified using either tumor- or plasma-based comprehensive profiling and those with very low VAF as compared with high VAF, supporting the use of plasma-based profiling to guide initial TKI use in patients with metastatic EGFR-mutant NSCLC.