gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ANGIOTENSINOGEN M235T POLYMORPHISM AND EXERCISE HEMODYNAMICS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN (2001)

A common genetic polymorphism within the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, a methionine to threonine substitution at codon 235 of the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene, has been reported to be associated with hypertension and blood pressure. We hypothesized that this variation might also affect the hemodynamic response to submaximal exercise. Sixty-one healthy postmenopausal women (64 ± 5 yr) performed VO2max testing using a modified Naughton protocol. VO2, cardiac output (Q, acetylene rebreathing), heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV) and blood pressure (BP) were measured after approximately 6 min of treadmill exercise at 40, 60, and 80% of VO2max. Each subject's DNA was isolated from peripheral monocytes and typed at codon 235 of the AGT locus with standard methods. The AGT genotype distribution among the 61 postmenopausal women was 31%, 49%, and 20% for the MM, MT, and TT genotypes, respectively. There were no significant differences in demographic variables between the AGT genotype groups. After accounting for the effect of habitual physical activity (PA) and covarying for relative exercise intensity (60% VO2max), the MM genotype was associated with a significantly lower systolic BP (151 ± 2, 156 ± 1, and 159 ± 3 mmHg), diastolic BP (75 ± 1, 79 ± 1, 80 ± 1 mmHg), and HR (111 ± 2, 116 ± 1, 122 ± 2 bpm) during submaximal exercise than either the MT or TT genotype groups, respectively. AGT genotype and habitual PA levels significantly interacted to associate with systolic BP (p = 0.0001) during submaximal exercise. There were no significant interactions between AGT genotype and PA levels for either diastolic BP or HR during submaximal exercise. AGT genotype was not associated with Q, SV, TPR, or arteriovenous O2 difference (a-v O2 diff). Both SV (p = 0.02) and a-v O2 diff (p = 0.02) were associated with a significant interaction between AGT genotype and habitual PA levels. We conclude that AGT genotype independently, and interacting with PA levels, appears to influence the hemodynamic response to submaximal exercise. Supported by Pennsylvania Affiliate of the American Heart Association, AARP Andrus Foundation, and NIH HL54526
Changing Swedish students' attitudes in relation to the AIDS epidemic (1994)

In the present study we have evaluated the knowledge, attitudes and intention to act in relation to HIV/AIDS related issues among Swedish students aged 15-18 years. An intervention group (n = 368) and a comparison group (n = 180) were followed for 2 years between 1989 and 1991. The teachers of the intervention group were obliged to specifically give a continuous and in-depth education while the comparison group received ordinary traditional education. We present the results from questionnaires given to all students before and after the study. There was a significant increase in knowledge of facts in the intervention group, and also changes in attitudes towards, for example, gay people, drug users and HIV infected individuals, in a desirable direction. In sex related issues there was also a desirable change in intention to act, but this was not seen in students' relation to alcohol. No significant changes at all in knowledge, attitudes or intention to act were seen in the comparison group. Our results show that it is indeed possible to influence students' attitudes and intention to act in HIV/AIDS related issues provided teachers start by defining the students' central conceptions and their relation to each other, and promote individual thinking and reflection.
Global models (1987)

In this chapter we shall review the work of two men, Pierre Marie (1906a; b) and Kurt Goldstein (1948), who developed models of aphasia in which a disturbance of a single functional capacity was the predominant cause of all of the signs and types of aphasia. Both investigators accepted the existence of several aphasic syndromes; neither claimed that a sole factor was adequate to describe all the various manifestations of aphasia. Despite this, their major contributions lie in the emphasis each gave to a single factor in describing and accounting for behavior, and in their attempts to explain the apparent variety of aphasic symptoms as the effect of a disturbance of the single factor they identified in difficult circumstances. In Marie's case, this attempt took the form of an anatomical analysis, while Goldstein's account was mainly psychological.
Effects of Exercise and Cardiorespiratory Fitness on Estrogen Metabolism in Postmenopausal Women (2018)

The protective effect of exercise on postmenopausal breast cancer is unlikely to be mediated by changes in estrogen metabolism.
Supplemental Figures from LIGHT Elevation Enhances Immune Eradication of Colon Cancer Metastases (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental figure 1 presents proliferation, apoptosis, and migration assays demonstrating that LIGHT expressing colon cancer cell lines maintain wild-type characteristics. Supplemental figure 2 provides evidence that LIGHT expressing colorectal liver metastases demonstrate increased dendritic cell infiltration and increased immunocyte homing signals.&lt;/p&gt;
Petrophysical Results from Logging in DSDP Hole 395A, ODP Leg 109 (1990)

Analysis of geophysical logs recorded during Leg 109 of the Ocean Drilling Program within the interval 112-606 m below seafloor (mbsf) in DSDP Hole 395A provides a detailed look at crustal properties in relatively young (7.3 Ma) oceanic crust produced at the slow-spreading mid-Atlantic Ridge. Based on log response, the interval can be divided into two sections. Above 500 m, occasional high densities, velocities, and resistivities indicate the presence of thin flow units, of which the intervals 184-192 and 194-202 mbsf are prominent examples. Otherwise this upper section is composed of a series of thick pillow units, characterized by high porosities and low velocities and resistivities near their tops, with steadily decreasing porosities and increasing velocities and resistivities with depth. These trends, primarily observed in the phyric units, delineate the boundaries between the chemical units identified in the cores. Porosity in the uppermost section varies between core values of less than 5% and estimates from sonic measurements of more than 20%. Below 500 m, velocities and resistivities are quite high and uniform, and porosities are low. This lower unit has an average compressional velocity of 5.12 km/s and shear velocity average of 2.73 km/s; Vp/Vs averages 1.88, suggesting the presence of many microcracks. The average porosity in this lower interval is less than 10%. Gamma activity is very low throughout the basement section. However, systematic variations in potassium correlate with porosity in the shallower section. Although the presence of a ~150-m-thick Layer 2A cannot be ruled out on the basis of these measurements, the similarity between average core velocities and seismic velocities measured nearby, which do not show this layer, suggests that it is not present, or if present is laterally discontinuous. Finally, the systematics of differences between porosities determined from resistivity and velocity suggest that large-scale porosity in situ is electrically discontinuous, and implies that high permeabilities are constrained to narrow zones in the crust.
A 23dBm fully digital transmitter using &amp;#x03A3;&amp;#x0394; and pulse-width modulation for LTE and WLAN applications in 45nm CMOS (2014)

This paper presents a 23 dBm fully digital transmitter designed in a standard 45 nm CMOS process. The digital transmitter replaces the entire analog/RF signal chain in a traditional transmitter architecture. It utilizes ΣΔ modulation and pulse-width modulation to turn high resolution baseband I and Q signals into switching signals, thereby allowing efficient Class-D PA stages to be used. In addition, cascaded ΣΔ stages and switched-capacitor combining are incorporated into the architecture to reduced out-of-band quantization noise while maintaining good efficiency. The proposed transmitter achieves peak output power of 23 dBm with 47% power added efficiency (PAE). For a OFDM signal with 8.2 dB peak-to-average power ratio (PAR), the PAE is 23%. The linearity of the digital transmitter meets WiFi spectral mask without any digital predistortion.
Disruption of <i>Scube2</i> Impairs Endochondral Bone Formation (2015)

Signal peptide-CUB-EGF domain-containing protein 2 (SCUBE2) belongs to a secreted and membrane-tethered multidomain SCUBE protein family composed of three members found in vertebrates and mammals. Recent reports suggested that zebrafish scube2 could facilitate sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling for proper development of slow muscle. However, whether SCUBE2 can regulate the signaling activity of two other hedgehog ligands (Ihh and Dhh), and the developmental relevance of the SCUBE2-induced hedgehog signaling in mammals remain poorly understood. In this study, we first showed that as compared with SCUBE1 or SCUBE3, SCUBE2 is the most potent modulator of IHH signaling in vitro. In addition, gain and loss-of-function studies demonstrated that SCUBE2 exerted an osteogenic function by enhancing Ihh-stimulated osteoblast differentiation in the mouse mesenchymal progenitor cells. Consistent with these in vitro studies and the prominent roles of Ihh in coordinating skeletogenesis, genetic ablation of Scube2 (-/-) caused defective endochondral bone formation and impaired Ihh-mediated chondrocyte differentiation and proliferation as well as osteoblast differentiation of -/- bone-marrow mesenchymal stromal-cell cultures. Our data demonstrate that Scube2 plays a key regulatory role in Ihh-dependent endochondral bone formation.
Trypanosomatidae Peptidases: A Target for Drugs Development (2007)

In most organisms around 2% of the genes code for peptidases being this number only surmounted by the genes that code for transcriptional factors. This ubiquitous presence is almost unequaled and has for long fascinated biochemists. Although peptidases have been classified in four mechanistic classes (aspartic-, cysteine-, serine- and metallo-peptidases), the more recent MEROPS database recognizes 42 evolutionary distinct peptidase structures corresponding to 42 different families. As peptidases are involved in several physiological processes they are an obvious target for the development of therapeutic agents to treat infectious disease. The Trypanosomatidae family includes etiologic agents for human and veterinary diseases, such as Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania spp. and the African trypanosomes that are responsible for the Chagas disease, for a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations known as leishmaniasis, and for the “sleeping sickness”, respectively. These microorganisms present a complex life cycle that includes dimorphic developmental stages in distinct hosts and by extension show nutritional adaptation. This review covers the recent advances in the biochemical characterization of trypanosomatid proteolytic enzymes and that of specific inhibitors to block their hydrolytic activity, in accordance to the peptidases potential role as target to the treatment of the aforementioned illnesses. Keywords: Trypanosomatidae family, Trypanosoma, Leishmania, chagas disease, eishmaniasis, sleeping sickness, trypanosomatidae peptidases, peptidases, proteolysis, peptidases inhibitors
Dual Roles for Lipolysis and Oxidation in Peroxisome Proliferation-Activator Receptor Responses to Electronegative Low Density Lipoprotein (2003)

Low density lipoprotein (LDL) exists in various forms that possess unique characteristics, including particle content and metabolism. One circulating subfraction, electronegative LDL (LDL(-)), which is increased in familial hypercholesterolemia and diabetes, is implicated in accelerated atherosclerosis. Cellular responses to LDL(-) remain poorly described. Here we demonstrate that LDL(-) increases tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)-induced inflammatory responses through NF kappa B and AP-1 activation with corresponding increases in vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1) expression. LDL receptor overexpression increased these effects. In contrast, exposing LDL(-) to the key lipolytic enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL) reversed these responses, inhibiting VCAM1 below levels seen with TNFalpha alone. LPL is known to act on lipoproteins to generate endogenous peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) ligand, thus limiting inflammation. These responses varied according to the lipoprotein substrate triglyceride content (very low density lipoprotein >> LDL > high density lipoprotein). The PPAR alpha activation seen with LDL, however, was disproportionately high. We show here that MUT LDL activates PPAR alpha to an extent proportional to its LDL(-) content. As compared with LDL(-) alone, LPL-treated LDL(-) increased PPAR alpha activation 20-fold in either cell-based transfection or radioligand displacement assays. LPL-treated LDL(-) suppressed NF kappa B and AP-1 activation, increasing expression of the PPAR alpha target gene I kappa B alpha, although only in the genetic presence of PPAR alpha and with intact LPL hydrolysis. Mass spectrometry reveals that LPL-treatment of either LDL or LDL(-) releases hydroxy-octadecadienoic acids (HODEs), potent PPAR alpha activators. These findings suggest LPL-mediated PPAR alpha activation as an alternative catabolic pathway that may limit inflammatory responses to LDL(-).
Cervical Cancer Screening Using Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid: Operational Experiences from Ghana and Thailand (2008)

Thailand in 2000 and Ghana in 2001 initiated cervical cancer prevention programmes using a single-visit approach with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) with cryotherapy for pre-cancerous lesions. This service was integrated into existing reproductive health services, provided by trained nurses. The providers maintained a high level of competence and performance, including after the withdrawal of external funding. In Ghana, independent co-assessments revealed a high level of agreement in diagnosis between providers and a Master Trainer. In Thailand, high quality performance was associated with quality assurance mechanisms such as peer feedback and review of charts and service statistics. Provider performance was maintained at a high level in both countries: an average of 74% of providers from both countries met 85% or more of performance standards. The successful transition from a demonstration project to a national programme in Thailand was dependent on a strong commitment from government health bodies and health professionals. In contrast, the lack of health infrastructure and political will has prevented scale-up to a national programme in Ghana. However, this study shows that a single-visit approach with VIA and cryotherapy is programmatically feasible and sustainable and should be considered in national investments to control cervical cancer.
Data Mining at CALD-CMU: Tools, Experiences and Research Directions (2018)

We describe the data mining problems and solutions that we have encountered in the Center for Automated Learning and Discovery (CALD) at CMU. Specifically, we describe these settings and their operational characteristics, describe our proposed solutions, list the performance results, and finally outline future research directions.
Motion-from-Blur: 3D Shape and Motion Estimation of Motion-blurred Objects in Videos (2022)

We propose a method for jointly estimating the 3D motion, 3D shape, and appearance of highly motion-blurred objects from a video. To this end, we model the blurred appearance of a fast moving object in a generative fashion by parametrizing its 3D position, rotation, velocity, acceleration, bounces, shape, and texture over the duration of a predefined time window spanning multiple frames. Using differentiable rendering, we are able to estimate all parameters by minimizing the pixel-wise reprojection error to the input video via backpropagating through a rendering pipeline that accounts for motion blur by averaging the graphics output over short time intervals. For that purpose, we also estimate the camera exposure gap time within the same optimization. To account for abrupt motion changes like bounces, we model the motion trajectory as a piece-wise polynomial, and we are able to estimate the specific time of the bounce at sub-frame accuracy. Experiments on established benchmark datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms previous methods for fast moving object deblurring and 3D reconstruction.
Spontaneous formation of autocatalytic sets with self-replicating inorganic metal oxide clusters (2020)

Here we show how a simple inorganic salt can spontaneously form autocatalytic sets of replicating inorganic molecules that work via molecular recognition based on the {PMo<sub>12</sub>} ≡ [PMo<sub>12</sub>O<sub>40</sub>]<sup>3-</sup> Keggin ion, and {Mo<sub>36</sub>} ≡ [H<sub>3</sub>Mo<sub>57</sub>M<sub>6</sub>(NO)<sub>6</sub>O<sub>183</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>18</sub>]<sup>22-</sup> cluster. These small clusters are able to catalyze their own formation via an autocatalytic network, which subsequently template the assembly of gigantic molybdenum-blue wheel {Mo<sub>154</sub>} ≡ [Mo<sub>154</sub>O<sub>462</sub>H<sub>14</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>70</sub>]<sup>14-</sup>, {Mo<sub>132</sub>} ≡ [Mo<sup>VI</sup><sub>72</sub>Mo<sup>V</sup><sub>60</sub>O<sub>372</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>30</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>72</sub>]<sup>42-</sup> ball-shaped species containing 154 and 132 molybdenum atoms, and a {PMo<sub>12</sub>}⊂{Mo<sub>124</sub>Ce<sub>4</sub>} ≡ [H<sub>16</sub>Mo<sup>VI</sup><sub>100</sub>Mo<sup>V</sup><sub>24</sub>Ce<sub>4</sub>O<sub>376</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>56</sub> (PMo<sup>VI</sup><sub>10</sub>Mo<sup>V</sup><sub>2</sub>O<sub>40</sub>)(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>S<sub>2</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>5-</sup> nanostructure. Kinetic investigations revealed key traits of autocatalytic systems including molecular recognition and kinetic saturation. A stochastic model confirms the presence of an autocatalytic network involving molecular recognition and assembly processes, where the larger clusters are the only products stabilized by the cycle, isolated due to a critical transition in the network.
Multiple cerebral hemorrhages following chymopapain chemonucleolysis (1984)

A case of multiple cerebral hemorrhages following chymopapain chemonucleolysis is reported. The authors believe the probable etiology was intrathecal extravasation of chymopapain after injection of the drug into a lumbar disc space.
Improving Neural Network Architecture Compression by Multi-Grain Pruning (2021)

Pruning techniques for neural networks are applied to achieve superior model compression while maintaining accuracy. Common pruning approaches rely on single granularity (e.g., weights, channels, or layers) compression techniques and miss valuable optimization potential. This major limitation results in a sequence of obsolete layers with a small number of channels or highly sparse weights. In this paper, we present a novel pruning approach to address this issue. More precisely, in this work, a Multi-Grain Pruning (MGP) framework is proposed to optimize neural network architectures from coarse to fine in up to four different granularities. Besides the traditional pruning granularities, a new granularity is introduced on so-called blocks, which consist of multiple layers. By combining multiple pruning granularities, models can be optimized even further. We evaluated the proposed framework with VGG-19 on CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 as well as ResNet-56 on CIFAR-10 and ResNet-50 on ImageNet. The results show that our technique achieves from 31.9x up to 185.3x model compression rates with an accuracy drop from 0.08% up to 1.73% with VGG-19 on CIFAR-10.
UWB PHY for Body Area Networks (2010)

This paper presents the technical specifications of wireless Body Area Networks and focuses on the UWB PHY solution in the work of Task Group IEEE 802.15.6.
Image quality of digital radiography using flat detector technology (2003)

One of the most demanding applications in dynamic X-Ray imaging is Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA). As opposed to other applications such as Radiography or Fluoroscopy, there has been so far limited attempts to introduce DSA with flat detector (FD) technology: Up to now, only part of the very demanding requirements could be taken into account. In order to enable an introduction of FD technology also in this area, a complete understanding of all physical phenomena related to the use of this technology in DSA is necessary. This knowledge can be used for detector design and performance optimization. Areas of research include fast switching between several detector operating modes (e.g. switching between fluoroscopy and high dose exposure modes and vice versa) and non stability during the DSA run e.g. due to differences in gain between subsequent images. Furthermore, effects of local and global X-Ray overexposure (due to direct radiation), which can cause temporal artifacts such as ghosting, may have a negative impact on the image quality. Pixel shift operations and image subtraction enhance the visibility of any artifact. The use of a refresh light plays an important role in the optimization process. Both an 18x18 cm<sup>2</sup> as well as a large area 30x40 cm<sup>2</sup> flat panel detector are used for studying the various phenomena. Technical measurements were obtained using complex imaging sequences representing the most demanding application conditions. Studies on subtraction test objects were performed and vascular applications have been carried out in order to confirm earlier findings. The basis for comparison of DSA is, still, the existing and mature IITV technology. The results of this investigation show that the latest generation of dynamic flat detectors is capable of handling this kind of demanding application. Not only the risk areas and their solutions and points of attention will be addressed, but also the benefits of present FD technology with respect to state-of-the-art IITV technology regarding DSA will be discussed.
[How to become a trauma surgeon: analysis of the current situation and concepts for career development in the new common field of orthopaedics and trauma surgery--part II]. (2010)

An increasing lack of young fellowship trainees in operative medicine, particularly in orthopaedics and traumatology and the various options to counteract this problem during the phases until the individual decision for residency and the fellowship program is made, were the focus of part I. The present part concentrates on residency and the fellowship phase including the individual perspectives after successful training. With respect to an attractive and highly qualified training in orthopaedics and traumatology, three essential points are to be made: a timely general framework, the establishment of a clinic-specific management of training and a general evaluation of training in the sense of a benchmarking system. A flexible work schedule including structural entities, such as an in-hospital day care facility for children, a structured and reliable curriculum of training according to a model curriculum to be adapted to the corresponding training unit including options of rotation to other facilities of training and the integration of nationwide education and mentoring programs represent further elements of an attractive training program. Thus the quality of training will become a decisive criterion of selection. The fellowship program for specialized traumatology inevitably leads to limitations of the whole spectrum of the field with an increasing specialization. In the future the contents of fellowship training will need a well-considered adaptation to the clinical needs and realities in the light of the emerging national trauma network program. A wide field of activity will open up to specialists in orthopaedics and traumatology with a focus on special traumatology considering the rapid changing field of hospital and outpatient care. Thus a systematic and creative reorganization of the residency and fellowship phases will overcome any problem of attractiveness.