gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bipolar Radiofrequency to Ablate Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Mitral Valve Surgery (2005)

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects 30% to 50% of patients undergoing mitral valve surgery. The optimum treatment of AF in these patients is unclear. The purpose of this study was to describe initial clinical experience using a bipolar radiofrequency clamp to facilitate AF ablation in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery. Methods: From November 2001 through March 2003 a bipolar radiofrequency clamp was used to facilitate AF ablation in 108 patients undergoing mitral valve surgery. Preoperative AF was paroxysmal in 25%, persistent in 26%, and permanent in 49% of the patients. All patients underwent bilateral pulmonary vein isolation performed with the bipolar radiofrequency clamp and excision or exclusion of the left atrial appendage. Most patients had connecting lesions between the right and left pulmonary veins and between the left atrial appendage and the left pulmonary veins. Novel statistical methods were used to create a plot of the prevalence of AF versus time after surgery. Results: Mean time required for AF ablation was 17 ± 4 minutes (range, 9-28 minutes). All patients left the operating room with sinus rhythm or with atrial or atrioventricular pacing for an underlying nodal rhythm. Perioperative AF was common, affecting 64% of patients. At discharge, 33% of patients were in AF or atrial flutter. By 3 months postoperatively, the predicted prevalence of AF or atrial flutter was 15%. There were no device-related complications. Conclusions: Bipolar radiofrequency facilitates rapid and safe AF ablation in patients with mitral valve disease. Perioperative AF is common and should be treated aggressively. By 3 months postoperatively, 85% of patients are free of AF or atrial flutter. Continued follow-up is necessary to document late results of this strategy.
Autophagy facilitates the release of immunogenic signals following chemotherapy in 3D models of mesothelioma (2019)

We have previously shown that nearly half of mesothelioma patients have tumors with low autophagy and that these patients have a significantly worse outcome than those with high autophagy. We hypothesized that autophagy may be beneficial by facilitating immunogenic cell death (ICD) of tumor cells following chemotherapy. An important hallmark of ICD is that death of tumor cells is preceded or accompanied by the release of damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs), which then can stimulate an antitumor immune response. Therefore, we measured how autophagy affected the release of three major DAMPs: high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), ATP, and calreticulin following chemotherapy. We found that autophagy in three-dimensional (3D) models with low autophagy at baseline could be upregulated with the cell-permeant Tat-BECN1 peptide and confirmed that autophagy in 3D models with high autophagy at baseline could be inhibited with MRT 68921 or ATG7 RNAi, as we have previously shown. In in vitro 3D spheroids, we found that, when autophagy was high or upregulated, DAMPs were released following chemotherapy; however, when autophagy was low or inhibited, DAMPs release was significantly impaired. Similarly, in ex vivo tumors, when autophagy was high or upregulated, HMGB1 was released following chemotherapy but, when autophagy was low, HMGB1 release was not seen. We conclude that autophagy can be upregulated in at least some tumors with low autophagy and that upregulation of autophagy can restore the release of DAMPs following chemotherapy. Autophagy may be necessary for ICD in this tumor.
Influence of sex and age on the relationship between aerobic fitness and muscle sympathetic nerve activity in healthy adults (2022)

We examined the influence of sex and age on the relationship between aerobic fitness and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) in healthy adults. Data were assessed from 224 volunteers (88 females), aged 18-76 yr, in whom resting MSNA (microneurography) and peak oxygen uptake (V̇o<sub>2peak</sub>; incremental exercise test) were evaluated. When separated into younger (<50 yr) and older (≥50 yr) subgroups, there were inverse relationships between relative V̇o<sub>2peak</sub> (mL·kg<sup>-1</sup>·min<sup>-1</sup>) and MSNA burst frequency in younger males (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.21, <i>P</i> < 0.0001) and older females (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.36, <i>P</i> < 0.01), but not older males (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.05, <i>P</i> = 0.08) or younger females (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.03, <i>P</i> = 0.14). Similar patterns were observed with absolute V̇o<sub>2peak</sub> (L·min<sup>-1</sup>) and percent-predicted (based on age, sex, weight, height, and modality), and with burst incidence. Sex and age influence the relationship between aerobic fitness and resting MSNA, and, thus, must be considered as key variables when studying these potential associations; inverse relationships are strongest in younger males and older females.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> Our data reveal for the first time that associations between aerobic fitness and resting muscle sympathetic nerve activity are sex and age specific; inverse relationships are evident in younger males (<50 yr) and older females (≥50 yr), but absent in younger females (<50 yr) and older males (≥50 yr).
Kupferkatalysierte oxidative Heterocyclisierung mit Luftsauerstoff (2002)

Ausgehend von den Schiff-Basen 1 ist eine Vielfalt von Heterobicyclen, die als Pharmazeutika oder als Liganden für Katalysatoren Anwendung finden können, durch kupferkatalysierte Oxidation mit Luftsauerstoff zugänglich. Das Schema zeigt beispielhaft die Synthese von Imidazo[1,5-a]pyridinen 2 (R1=2-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl, tert-Butyl, 2-Hydroxyphenyl, 2-Aminophenyl; R2=2-Pyridyl, Methyl, Phenyl). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2002/z18417_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Ultrafast perturbation of magnetic domains by optical pumping in a ferromagnetic multilayer (2022)

Ultrafast control of magnetism holds great promise for novel and efficient high-speed microelectronic devices. This includes manipulation of the domain walls that separate magnetic domains. Surprisingly, by use of a free-electron x-ray laser, the authors discover here that femtosecond laser pumping of a multidomain sample causes the domain walls to broaden from 29 to 51 nm in less than 1.6 picoseconds. They also find intriguing evidence of a simultaneous spatial rearrangement of domains. These unexpected results open new avenues for ultrafast optical manipulation of magnetism.
Figure S4 from Capecitabine Efficacy Is Correlated with TYMP and RB1 Expression in PDX Established from Triple-Negative Breast Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;A) Immunohistochemistry analysis of HER2, Rb and TYMP (20X) in the HBCx-73 PDX B) response to trastuzumab and capecitabine in the HBCx-73 PDX&lt;/p&gt;
Application of a MAX-CUT Heuristic to the Contig Orientation Problem in Genome Assembly (2013)

In the context of genome assembly, the contig orientation problem is described as the problem of removing sufficient edges from the scaffold graph so that the remaining subgraph assigns a consistent orientation to all sequence nodes in the graph. This problem can also be phrased as a weighted MAX-CUT problem. The performance of MAX-CUT heuristics in this application is untested. We present a greedy heuristic solution to the contig orientation problem and compare its performance to a weighted MAX-CUT semi-definite programming heuristic solution on several graphs. We note that the contig orientation problem can be used to identify inverted repeats and inverted haplotypes, as these represent sequences whose orientation appears ambiguous in the conventional genome assembly framework.
System software for high end computing (2006)

The challenges to the HEC system software community fundamentally originate from the need to efficiently exploit massive parallelism. This parallelism comes at either at the fine granularity through multiple cores or hardware accellerators, or at the large granularity, where systems have been built with 10,000 nodes connected over a high performance network. Such parallelism exposes new hardware abstractions that the OS needs to virtualize, introduces new reliability and management problems, new power management and file system issues, and generally requires more extensive software layers to protect programmers and system administrators from having to deal with the complexity of massive parallelism. While the HEC community clearly deals with extreme performance issues, many of the same trends are hitting the broader market. For example, all processor vendors are moving towards multiple cores, special purpose accelerators are becomming increasingly commoditized, and massive scale out systems are being used today by companies like Google.
967 (2015)

Copyright © by 2015 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Negative Coupling Between Two Defect Waveguides Embedded in an Array (2012)

We experimentally demonstrate negative coupling between two defect guides in a waveguide lattice and elaborate the required conditions to explain, why this effect can only be found for negative defects and certain geometric devices.
Communications for All – Is It a Myth? (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Who are the key stakeholders? How can the donor community help? Give the poor a chance Conclusion
Giant nonlinearity and reflectivity hysteresis in metallic gallium at melting (1997)

Cubic optical nonlinearities of metals have recently attracted attention when a sharp increase in the nonlinearity of up to 10&lt;sup&gt;-8&lt;/sup&gt; to 10&lt;sup&gt;-7&lt;/sup&gt; esu was seen at the melting point of indium. Here we report on the first experimental observation of an even bigger nonlinearity of the reflection hysteresis from metallic gallium undergoing phase transitions from the solid to molten stage and back to solid. We found that the hysteresis loop can be considerably modified by a pump beam of intensity ~10-50 kWcm&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; corresponding to &lt;i&gt;Im{χ&lt;sup&gt;(3)&lt;/sup&gt;/n}&lt;/i&gt; ≈ 0.01 esu.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;
Diet effects on colonic health influence the efficacy of Bin1 mAb immunotherapy for ulcerative colitis (2023)

Abstract Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic disease of the large intestine linked to high fat-high protein diets, a dysbiotic microbiome, and a metabolome linked to diet and/or aberrant circadian rhythms associated with poor sleeping patterns. Understanding diet-affected factors that negatively influence colonic health may offer new insights into how to prevent UC and enhance the efficacy of UC immunotherapy. In this preclinical study, we found that standard or high fiber diets in mice positively influenced their colonic health, whereas a high fat-high protein diet negatively influenced colonic health, consistent with clinical findings. Animals fed a high fat/high protein diet experienced obesity and a reduced colon length, illustrating a phenotype we suggest calling peinosis [hunger-like-condition; Greek, peina : hunger; osis : condition], as marked by a lack of nutrient energy remaining in fecal pellets. Notably, a high fat/high protein diet also led to signs of muscle weakness that could not be explained fully by weight gain. In contrast, mice on a high fiber diet ranked highest compared to other diets in terms of colon length and lack of muscle weakness. That said, mice on a high fiber diet were more prone to UC and toxic responses to immunotherapy, consistent with clinical observations. Recent studies have suggested that a standard diet may be needed to support the efficacy of immunotherapeutic drugs used to prevent and treat UC. Here we observed that protection against UC by Bin1 mAb, a passive UC immunotherapy that acts by coordinately enforcing intestinal barrier function, protecting enteric neurons, and normalizing the microbiome, was associated with increased colonic levels of healthful short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), particularly butyric acid and propionic acid, which help enforce intestinal barrier function. This work offers a preclinical platform to investigate how diet affects UC immunotherapy and the potential of dietary SCFA supplements to enhance it. Further, it suggests that the beneficial effects of passive immunotherapy by Bin1 mAb in UC treatment may be mediated to some extent by promoting increased levels of healthful SCFA.
[Efficacy of a complementary antiinflammatory treatment with erespal in chronic obstructive and nonobstructive bronchitis]. (2004)

Erespal+atrovent treatment proved more effective than atrovent alone. It is recommended for both CB and COPD patients without marked disorders of external respiration function.
Effect of high retinoid doses on RAR-beta mRNA expression in female B6D2F1 mice. (2001)

The expression of retinoid receptors is altered during the development of several types of cancer. In the present study, we determined the influence of high dietary concentrations of 4-hydroxyphenylretinamide (4-HPR) and 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-cis-RA) on RAR-beta mRNA expression in female mice. Expression of liver and lung RAR-beta RNA increased with increasing levels of dietary retinoid (both 4-HPR and 13-cis RA). Bladder RAR-beta mRNA levels, however, were significantly decreased in mice fed 13-cis RA or 4-HPR. These results suggest that feeding high levels of retinoids to mice results in tissue-specific elfects on expression of RAR-beta mRNA.
Pupil Constriction in the Glare Illusion Modulates the Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (2019)

The glare illusion enhances the perceived brightness of a central white area surrounded by a luminance gradient, without any actual change in light intensity. In this study, we measured the varied brightness and neurophysiological responses of electroencephalography (EEG) and pupil size with the several luminance contrast patterns of the glare illusion to address the question of whether the illusory brightness changes to the glare illusion process in the early visual cortex. We hypothesized that if the illusory brightness enhancement was created in the early stages of visual processing, the neural response would be similar to how it processes an actual change in light intensity. To test this, we observed the sustained visual cortical response of steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs), while participants watched flickering dots displayed in the central white area of both the varied luminance contrast of glare illusion and a control stimulus (no glare condition). We found the SSVEP amplitude was lower in the glare illusion than in the control condition, especially under high luminance contrast conditions. Furthermore, we found the probable mechanisms of the inhibited SSVEP amplitude to the high luminance contrast of glare illusion based on the greater pupil constriction, thereby decreasing the amount of light entering the pupil. Thus, the brightness enhancement in the glare illusion is already represented at the primary stage of visual processing linked to the larger pupil constriction.
Biomolecular sensing for biological processes and environmental monitoring applications. Book chapter (1995)

Biomolecular recognition is being increasingly employed as the basis for a variety of analytical methods such as biosensors. The sensitivity, selectivity, and format versatility inherent in these methods may allow them to be adapted to solving a number of analytical problems. Although these methods are highly diverse with respect to their mechanisms of biomolecular recognition and mechanisms of signal delection, they can be viewed together as providing analytical techniques for identification and measurement of compounds critical to potential monitoring applications. This chapter will provide a brief introduction to recent advances in biomolecular sensing as applied to monitoring of bioprocesses and the environment.
Reconfigurable microstrip antenna with two-dimensional scannable beam (2013)

This paper proposes a reconfigurable microstrip antenna with two-dimensional beam scanning feature. The antenna geometry consists of two parasitic patches placed along the E and H-planes of a probe-fed patch. Each parasitic patch is loaded with a lumped varactor and DC biasing network, to effectively change its electrical size. Because the main beam direction is determined by the electrical size of the parasitic patches, electronic beam scanning is allowed by changing the capacitance value through the applied DC voltage. Consequently, Two DC control signals are used for the two-dimensional beam scanning. Operating at 2.5 GHz, the antenna shows a beam scanning that ranges from 0 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">⍰</sup> to 32 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">⍰</sup> in the elevation plane and from 0 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">⍰</sup> to 90 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">⍰</sup> in the azimuth plane. The attained peak gain value is 8.51 dBi with 0.8 dB gain variation across the entire scanning range.
G <sub>4</sub> C <sub>2</sub> repeat RNA mediates the disassembly of the nuclear pore complex in C9orf72 ALS/FTD (2020)

Abstract Nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, has recently emerged as a pathomechanism underlying neurodegenerative diseases including C9orf72 ALS/FTD. However, little is known about the underlying molecular events and the underlying biology in human neurons. Using super resolution structured illumination microscopy of twenty three nucleoporins in nuclei from C9orf72 iPSC derived neurons and postmortem human tissue we identify a unique subset of eight nucleoporins lost from human neuronal nuclei. POM121, an integral transmembrane nucleoporin, appears to coordinate the composition of the nucleoporins within human neuronal nuclei ultimately impacting nucleocytoplasmic transport, and subsequent cellular toxicity in C9orf72 iPSNs. These data suggest that POM121 is a critical nucleoporin in the maintenance of the nuclear localization of specific nucleoporins in human neurons. Moreover, loss of nuclear POM121, as a result of expanded C9orf72 ALS/FTD repeat RNA, initiates a pathological cascade affecting nucleoporin composition within neuronal nuclei, nuclear pore complex function, and overall downstream neuronal survival.
High-efficiency InP-based DHBT active frequency multipliers for wireless communications (1996)

We present, for the first time, the performance of AlInAs/GaInAs/InP double heterostructure bipolar transistors (DHBT's) as active frequency multipliers at frequencies of relevance to Wireless Communications applications. In particular, we present results comparing the performance of X6 (127/spl rarr/762 MHz) and X4 (762.5/spl rarr/3050.0 MHz) InP- and Si-based (NEC2107) multiplier circuits. A well-known multiplier circuit topology has been chosen as a vehicle, so that we can focus on active device comparison. The X6 InP-based multiplier exhibits output power and efficiency of +6 dBm and 11%, respectively, compared to +7.2 dBm and 4.8% of the Si-based circuit. The X4 InP-based multiplier exhibits output power and efficiency of +3.74 dBm and 8%, respectively, compared to -6.1 dBm and 0.4% of the Si-based circuit. The superior electronic properties of InP-DHBT's enable high-conversion gain/highly DC-efficient multipliers, however, their nonexponential I/sub C/-V/sub BE/ characteristic limits the maximum obtainable conversion gain at high-order frequency multiplication.
Highly Efficient In-Plane-Type Channel Drop Filter in a Two-Dimensional Heterostructure Photonic Crystal (2006)

Improvements in channel-drop efficiency of an in-plane-type filter in a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab are presented. Drop operations with efficiencies of more than 80% are experimentally demonstrated.
Antiferromagnetically Coupled Dimeric Dodecacopper Supramolecular Architectures of Macrocyclic Ligands with a Symmetrical μ<sub>6</sub>-BO<sub>3</sub><sup>3–</sup> Central Moiety (2015)

Reactions between 2,6-diformyl-4-alkyl(R)-phenol (R = CH3 or C(CH3)3) and 1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropane (1,3-DAP) in the presence of copper(II) salts (Cu(BF4)2·6H2O, Cu(ClO4)2·6H2O/H3BO3/Ar) and triethylamine (TEA) in a single pot result in self-assembly of dimeric dodecacopper supramolecular architectures of 30-membered hexatopic macrocyclic ligands (H6L4 and H6L5) with unique and fascinating structures having the BO3(3-) anion as the central species bonded to all six copper centers in a symmetrical fashion (μ6-BO3(3-)). A number of closely related macrocyclic hexacopper complexes are reported: {[Cu6(L4)(μ6-BO3)(μ-H2O)(C3H7NO)2(BF4)][BF4]2·3C3H7NO}2 (1) (DMF = C3H7NO), {[Cu6(L4)(μ6-BO3)(μ-C3H7NO)3][ClO4]3·3C3H7NO}2 (2), {[Cu6(L5)(μ6-BO3)(μ-OH)(H2O)3(C3H7NO)][BF4]2·6C3H7NO·4C2H5OH·2H2O}2 (3), {[Cu6(L5)(μ6-BO3)(μ-CH3OH)(CH3OH)2][ClO4]3·10H2O}2 (4), and {[Cu6(L5)(μ6-BO3)(μ-CH3CO2)(μ-CH3O)(CH3OH)][BF4]·13CH3OH·8H2O}2 (5). A polymeric side product {[Cu2(H2L2)(CH3OH)(BF4)][BF4]}n (6), involving a 2 + 2 macrocyclic ligand, was also isolated and structurally characterized. Complex 6 involves dinuclear copper(II) units linked through BF4(-) anions to form a novel 1D single-chain polymeric coordination compound. This appears to be the first report in which a central BO3(3-) species is linked to six copper(II) ions held together by a single macrocyclic ligand through three μ1,1-O(BO3(3-)) and three μ1,3-O(BO3(3-)) bridges. In complexes 1-5 the BO3(3-) is present in the center of the macrocyclic cavity and is bonded to all six metal centers arranged in a benzene-like hexagonal array. In the hexagonal array there are alternate double (μ-alkoxide and μ1,3-O(BO3(3-))) and (μ-phenoxide and μ1,1-O(BO3(3-))) bridges between the Cu(II) centers. The symmetrical hexa-bridging nature of μ6-BO3(3-) is unprecedented in transition metal complex chemistry, and along with alkoxide and phenoxide bridges in the equatorial plane provides effective pathways for an overall antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between six copper(II) centers. In 1, 3, and 5 the BO3(3-) moiety is produced in one step (synthetic) by an unusual copper(II)-macrocycle complex catalyzed hydrolysis of BF4(-) ion in methanol. In 2 and 4 the central species (BO3(3-)) comes from boric acid (H3BO3) which is added to reaction mixture of Cu(ClO4)2/H6L4/H6L5 under inert conditions to confirm the identity of the central species.
Learning Smooth Neural Functions via Lipschitz Regularization (2022)

Neural implicit fields have recently emerged as a useful representation for 3D shapes. These fields are commonly represented as neural networks which map latent descriptors and 3D coordinates to implicit function values. The latent descriptor of a neural field acts as a deformation handle for the 3D shape it represents. Thus, smoothness with respect to this descriptor is paramount for performing shape-editing operations. In this work, we introduce a novel regularization designed to encourage smooth latent spaces in neural fields by penalizing the upper bound on the field’s Lipschitz constant. Compared with prior Lipschitz regularized networks, ours is computationally fast, can be implemented in four lines of code, and requires minimal hyperparameter tuning for geometric applications. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on shape interpolation and extrapolation as well as partial shape reconstruction from 3D point clouds, showing both qualitative and quantitative improvements over existing state-of-the-art and non-regularized baselines.