gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of cationic lipid type in PEGylated liposomes on siRNA delivery following the intravenous injection of siRNA lipoplexes (2019)

For the systemic injection of cationic liposome/small interfering RNA (siRNA) complexes (cationic lipoplexes), the polyethylene glycol (PEG)‑modification (PEGylation) of the lipoplexes can enhance their systemic stability. However, PEGylation reduces the efficiency of siRNA‑mediated gene silencing by cationic lipoplexes. In this study, in order to examine the effects of cationic lipids in PEGylated liposomes on gene‑silencing effects following the systemic injection of PEGylated lipoplexes, we used 4 types of cationic cholesterol derivatives and 3 types of dialkyl or trialkyl cationic lipids, and prepared 7 types of PEGylated cationic lipoplexes that contained 1 mol% PEG2000‑DSPE. The PEGylation of lipoplexes decreased their agglutination with erythrocytes. As regards siRNA biodistribution and the in vivo gene‑silencing effects, intravenous injections of PEGylated lipoplexes with cationic cholesterol derivatives induced the accumulation of siRNAs in the liver, but they did not suppress the expression of a target gene. By contrast, those with dialkyl or trialkyl cationic lipids induced the accumulation of siRNAs in the lungs, and among these, PEGylated cationic lipoplexes with N,N‑dimethyl‑N‑octadecyloctadecan‑1‑aminium bromide (DC‑1‑18) significantly induced gene silencing effects in the lungs. On the whole, the findings of this study suggest that the biodistribution and gene silencing effects with siRNAs following the systemic injection of 1 mol% PEGylated lipoplexes are strongly affected by the type of cationic lipid. The selection of the cationic lipid in the liposomal formulation may thus be important for the successful in vivo delivery of siRNAs by PEGylated cationic liposomes.
Angiotensin II Induces <b>α</b>3(IV) Collagen Expression in Cultured Murine Proximal Tubular Cells (1999)

Angiotensin II (ANG II) induces cellular hypertrophy of cultured proximal tubular cells from various species. This hypertrophic response is associated with an increase in synthesis of basement membrane-associated collagen type IV. Previous investigations by our group have shown that ANG II stimulates mRNA and protein expression of the "classic" alpha1 and alpha2(IV) chains in cultured murine proximal tubular cells (murine cortical tubules [MCT cells]). Since it is clearer today that kidney basement membranes also contain heterotrimers of novel type IV collagens, the aim of the present study was to evaluate whether ANG II may influence the expression of alpha3 and alpha5(IV) collagen chains in MCT cells. A single dose of 10-8-10-6 M ANG II stimulated mRNA expression of alpha3(IV), but not of alpha5(IV), in MCT cells cultured in serum-free media. This response was mediated through AT1-receptors because losartan, but not an AT2-receptor antagonist, abolished the ANG II-induced expression of alpha3(IV) transcripts. Transient transfection of MCT cells with transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) antisense phosphorothioate-modified oligonucleotides partly abolished the ANG II-induced alpha3(IV) mRNA expression. Furthermore, Western blots of cellular lysates incubated with polyclonal antibodies generated against the recombinant collagen chains revealed that ANG II stimulated alpha3(IV) but not alpha5(IV) protein expression. This stimulation was partly prevented by co-incubation with a neutralizing anti-TGF-beta1-3 antibody. In summary, our data indicate that ANG II stimulates expression of the alpha3(IV) collagen chain in cultured MCT cells, due in part to TGF-beta1 activation.
Lysis of human chondrosarcoma cells by cytolytic T lymphocytes recognizing a MAGE‐A3 antigen presented by HLA‐A1 molecules (2007)

Treatment of chondrosarcomas is limited to resection because these tumors are unresponsive to standard adjuvant treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation. We have previously shown that high-grade chondrosarcomas express unspecified members of the Melanoma Antigen (MAGE) gene family. We show here that FS human chondrosarcoma (FS) cells express MAGE-A3 gene and HLA-A1 molecules. In vitro assays show that a cytolytic T-lymphocyte clone (CTL) specific for a MAGE-A3 peptide presented by HLA-A1 specifically lysed FS chondrosarcoma cells. Addition of antigenic peptide did not increase the susceptibility of FS cells to CTL mediated lysis, suggesting that HLA-A1 expression by the chondrosarcoma cells limited their susceptibility to lysis by the anti-MAGE-A3 CTL clone. Incubation of FS cells with 50 U/mL interferon-gamma increased surface expression of HLA class-I molecules, increased their susceptibility to lysis, and had no effect on MAGE-A3 gene expression. These results suggest that immunotherapy targeted against chondrosarcoma cells is possible.
Stimulation of High Temperature SAGD Producer Wells Using a Novel Chelating Agent (GLDA) and Subsequent Geochemical Modeling Using PHREEQC (2015)

Abstract Acidizing of sour, heavy oil, weakly consolidated sandstone formations under steam injection is a real challenge. Fines migration, sand production, inorganic scale, corrosion products, and damage due to asphaltene precipitation are some of the common concerns with these sandstone formations. They cause decline in the productivity of the wells, and there is always need to stimulate these wells to restore their productivity. Furthermore, the complexities of sandstone formations require a mixture of acids and several additives, especially at temperatures up to 360°F. Three treatments were tried in a horizontal well in this field: HCl acid, A (GLDA), and B chelating agents. In this paper, we evaluate the results of field applications using geochemical modelling, production data, and analysis of well flow back fluids after field treatments. The field treatment included pumping a foaming agent to have proper rheological characteristics and a better controlled pumping process, followed by the main stage of the treatments. The treatment fluids were displaced into the formation by pumping produced water and were allowed to soak for 6 hours, then the well was put on production, and samples of flowback fluids were collected. The concentrations of key cations were determined using ICP, and the chelate concentration of the chelating agent A was measured utilizing a titration method using ferric chloride solution. Geochemical modelling was conducted using specialized software, and was used to predict the concentrations of key ions in the flow back samples. The first two treatments including HCl acid and chelating agent B produced results below expectation. The third treatment using GLDA was successful and the well productivity increased significantly. The treatment was applied in the field without encountering any operational problems. A significant gain in oil production was achieved without adversely impacting the water cut, causing sand production, or fines migration. Analysis of flow back samples indicated that iron was the main cation, which shows that the chelate dissolved corrosion products. Geochemical modelling was able to predict the trend noted in the concentrations of key ions and chelant in the produced fluids.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Synthesis of Pyrene‐4,5‐dione. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Prenatal Testing for Non-Medical Traits (2023)

"Prenatal Testing for Non-Medical Traits." The American Journal of Bioethics, 23(3), pp. 1–2 DISCLOSURE STATEMENTS.R.Q. receives royalties from Stanford University for the invention of NIPT.Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Coordination Chemistry (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
First-in-human phase I study of JPH203, L-type amino acids transporter 1 inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors. (2018)

2519 Background: The uptake of amino acids is essential for cancer growth. The L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) is overexpressed in various cancers, and the LAT1-mediated uptake of plasma-free amino acids (PFAA) plays a critical role in cancer growth. JPH203 is a novel, selective LAT1 inhibitor. Methods: A first-in-human phase I study of JPH203 was designed to determine the safety, maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), and recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of JPH203. This study evaluated the anti-tumor effects, progression-free survival, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of JPH203 and analyzed PFAA levels. JPH203 was administered intravenously for seven days, at planned doses ranging from 12–110 mg/m2, followed by a 21-day rest, in patients with advanced solid tumors that were refractory to standard therapies. Before treatment, we confirmed the safety of a single dose of JPH203. Dose-limiting toxicity was evaluated during the first cycle, using a 3+3 design. Results: Seventeen patients were enrolled. One patient discontinued JPH203 after a single dose because of tumor progression. Grade 3 liver dysfunction occurred in one of six patients who received 60 mg/m2 and the first patient received 85 mg/m2. Although we determined that the MTD was 60 mg/m2, the PK/PD profile and anti-tumor effects supported an RP2D of 25 mg/m2. Common treatment-related adverse events were increased ALT/AST, malaise, nausea, hypertension, and grade 1 or grade 2 fevers. A partial response was achieved in a patient with biliary tract cancer (BTC) who continued JPH203 for two years without disease progression. Disease control was observed in three of five patients with BTC, and in two of six with colorectal cancer. LAT1 substrates, PFAA and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), were higher in patients with BTC than in those with other cancers. All patients with disease control had a body mass index (BMI) greater than the median BMI of 20.5 kg/m2. Furthermore, BCAA levels were associated with BMI. Conclusions: At the RP2D of 25 mg/m2, JPH203 was well tolerated and showed promising results against BTC. This phase I study also suggests that BMI and BCAA might predict the efficacy of targeted cancer chemotherapy. Clinical trial information: UMIN000016546.
S-band integrated digital broadband receiver (2004)

Digital receivers are pursued as part of future civilian and military applications. Design and implementation of a broadband receiver is presented that operates for radar applications at S-band. Performance of the realized hardware is evaluated in terms of system parameters.
Very high contrast volume holographic gratings recorded in photopolymerizable nanocomposite materials (2020)

Volume holographic phase gratings possessing the saturated refractive index modulation amplitudes as large as 4.5×10<sup>-2</sup> were recorded at a wavelength of 532 nm in a photopolymerizable nanoparticle-polymer composite (NPC) film dispersed with ultrahigh refractive index hyperbranched-polymer (HBP) organic nanoparticles. This prominent result was achieved by a combination of the HBP nanoparticles with triazine and aromatic ring units and an electron donor/acceptor photo-initiator system doped in an acrylate monomer blend with low viscosity. As a result, efficient mutual diffusion of HBP nanoparticles and monomer having their very large refractive index difference took place. Obtained results suggest a potentiality of our newly developed HBP-dispersed NPC gratings as efficient volume holographic optical elements for various photonic applications including wearable headsets for augmented and mixed reality.
Thymosin β4 Is an Essential Paracrine Factor of Embryonic Endothelial Progenitor Cell–Mediated Cardioprotection (2008)

Our findings show that short-term cardioprotection derived by regional application of eEPCs can be attributed, at least in part, to Tbeta4.
L'industrie pharmaceutique britannique et la recherche (1997)

Grâce aux dispositions d'assurances sociales qui ont permis d'élargir l'accès à la santé, un secteur civil comme celui des industries pharmaceutiques a pu se développer, lui aussi. Comme pour les industries aérospatiales et électroniques, financées, elles, par les commandes militaires, cette expansion a nécessité un important recours à la recherche-développement. L'industrie pharmaceutique moderne —un groupe de firmes recherchant, développant, manufacturant, commercialisant et distribuant des...
Subject‐level reliability analysis of fast fMRI with application to epilepsy (2017)

Purpose Recent studies have applied the new magnetic resonance encephalography (MREG) sequence to the study of interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) in the electroencephalogram (EEG) of epileptic patients. However, there are no criteria to quantitatively evaluate different processing methods, to properly use the new sequence. Methods We evaluated different processing steps of this new sequence under the common generalized linear model (GLM) framework by assessing the reliability of results. A bootstrap sampling technique was first used to generate multiple replicated data sets; a GLM with different processing steps was then applied to obtain activation maps, and the reliability of these maps was assessed. Results We applied our analysis in an event‐related GLM related to IEDs. A higher reliability was achieved by using a GLM with head motion confound regressor with 24 components rather than the usual 6, with an autoregressive model of order 5 and with a canonical hemodynamic response function (HRF) rather than variable latency or patient‐specific HRFs. Comparison of activation with IED field also favored the canonical HRF, consistent with the reliability analysis. Conclusion The reliability analysis helps to optimize the processing methods for this fast fMRI sequence, in a context in which we do not know the ground truth of activation areas. Magn Reson Med 78:1–1, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Episodic processing for characterization of wide-angle SAR scattering behavior (2021)

Radar scattering behavior within the angular aperture of a typical SAR image has been well studied through a variety of computational and analytic methods. This has allowed parsimonious scattering center models to be posed that effectively represent a large percentage of the scattered energy from common targets of interest. Wide- angle synthetic aperture radar seeks to form and exploit images using an angular aperture that supports cross-range resolution that is many times finer than that supported by the range resolution bandwidth. Over the course of wide synthetic apertures, a much more complex scattering behavior is observed on targets of interest, which thus far escapes concise characterization. In this paper, we study wide-angle SAR scattering behavior through episodic processing of pixel values across many standard-resolution SAR apertures. We characterize scattering behavior based on existing understanding and past observations of wide angle SAR imagery. The proposed categories of scattering analysis provide insightful decomposition of target responses that are demonstrated on simulated and measured imagery.
Ultra-low-power high-noise-margin logic with undoped FD SOI devices (2009)

Undoped devices in FD SOI technology provides improved switching speed to ULP logic, while keeping ultra-low leakage. Measurement results in 0.15 mum FD SOI technology show that it can be used to build 500 kHz digital circuits for sensing applications, with 0.95 V noise margins at 1.5 V thanks to the hysteresis property of ULP logic. The record mean leakage current is 86 fA per gate, which enables digital circuits with 100 pW-range stand-by power, without the need for power-gating technique nor subthreshold operation. Additionally, the proposed FD SOI undoped ULP inverters can be used to build ultra-low-leakage 10 T or 12 T SRAM cells with the same architecture as proposed for bulk technology in, with reduced static current (~100 fA) and more compact layout.
Structural biology of heteromeric class B G protein‐coupled receptors (LB216) (2014)

The calcitonin family peptides calcitonin (CT), amylin (AMY), calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), and adrenomedullin (AM) regulate diverse processes including calcium homeostasis, blood glucose levels, vasodilation, and vascular development. Their receptors are heteromeric cell surface protein complexes comprised of a class B GPCR subunit, either the calcitonin receptor (CTR) or the calcitonin‐like receptor (CLR), in association with a peptide selectivity‐determining receptor activity modifying protein (RAMP) subunit. CTR alone is the CT receptor and CTR complexes with any of three RAMPs are AMY receptors. The CLR‐RAMP1 complex is a CGRP receptor, whereas CLR complexes with either RAMP2 or ‐3 are AM receptors. How RAMPs determine calcitonin family peptide selectivity is unclear and the receptor stoichiometries are a topic of debate. Here, we report unique methods for bacterial production of recombinant CLR‐RAMP extracellular domain (ECD) complexes engineered for structure/function studies and use of the novel constructs for peptide binding studies and crystallization. In addition, we describe recombinant CTR ECD production in HEK293T cells, and production of the integral membrane portions of the receptors in the E. coli inner membrane for structure/function studies. Our results indicate that the CTR and CLR ECDs are sufficient to determine peptide binding selectivity, identify peptide residues critical for receptor binding, shed light on the receptor stoichiometries, and provide methods that will facilitate structural studies of these therapeutically important GPCRs. Grant Funding Source : Supported by NIH grant R01GM104251
Stream-driven water-piston engine (2004)

For usage of relatively low temperature wasted heat, a steam-driven water piston engine was planned and simulated. This engine was driven by expansion, condensation and compression of steam with oscillation of water head in the cylinder. It was shown that continuous steam supply resulted in an unstable behavior of water piston, and that intermittent steam supply improved the stability of the engine.
Supplementary Data Legends 1-4 from Blocking Hypoxia-Induced Autophagy in Tumors Restores Cytotoxic T-Cell Activity and Promotes Regression (2023)

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Design and implementation of an H/sub ∞/ controller for a bi-directional DC-DC converter (2003)

An H/sub /spl infin// controller for use in a bi-directional flyback converter was designed and tested. Earlier work has shown that the H/sub /spl infin// controller is superior to that of a traditional reference-to-output frequency-compensated controller. The design of the H/sub /spl infin// controller was verified in open and closed loop simulations and on-going experimentation.
Mechanisms of Pulse Modulated Holmium:YAG Lithotripsy (2021)

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> This study aimed at answering three research questions: (1) Under the experimental conditions studied, what is the dominant mechanism of Holmium:YAG lithotripsy with or without pulse modulation? (2) Under what circumstances can laser pulse modulation increase crater volume of stone ablation per joule of emitted radiant energy? (3) Are BegoStone phantoms a suitable model for laser lithotripsy studies? <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> The research questions were addressed by ablation experiments with BegoStone phantoms and native stones. Experiments were performed under three stone conditions: dry stones in air, hydrated stones in air, and hydrated stones in water. Single pulses with and without pulse modulation were applied. For each pulse mode, temporal profile, transmission through 1 mm water, and cavitation bubble collapse pressures were measured and compared. For each stone condition and pulse mode, stones were ablated with a fiber separation distance of 1 mm and crater volumes were measured using optical coherence tomography. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Pulses with and without pulse modulation had high (>80%) transmission through 1 mm of water. Pulses without pulse modulation generated much higher peak pressures than those with pulse modulation (62.3 <i>vs</i> 11.4 bar). Pulse modulation resulted in similar or larger craters than without pulse modulation. Trends in BegoStone crater volumes differed from trends in native stones. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This results of this study suggest that the dominant mechanism is photothermal with possible photoacoustic contributions for some stone compositions. Pulse modulation can increase ablation volume per joule of emitted radiant energy, but the effect may be composition specific. BegoStones showed unique infrared ablation characteristics compared with native stones and are not a suitable model for laser lithotripsy studies.
Airway tissue engineering (2011)

The replacement of active movement, as would be necessary to replace an entire larynx introduces another order of magnitude of complexity, although progress in this area is starting to bear fruit. In addition, the stem cell field is advancing rapidly, opening new avenues for this type of therapy.
2P1-N-087 Measuring angular acceleration with a sensor based on sensory hair(MEMS and Nano-technology 2,Mega-Integration in Robotics and Mechatronics to Assist Our Daily Lives) (2005)

The cencentration gradient of NGF is necessary for axonal guidance The concentration of NGF is controlled by
Metal-pad-enhanced resistive pulse sensor reveals complex-valued Braess paradox (2023)

A resistive pulse sensor measures the electrical impedance of an electrolyte-filled channel as particles flow through it. Ordinarily, the presence of a nonconductive particle increases the impedance of the channel. Here we report a surprising experimental result in which a microfluidic resistive pulse sensor experiences the opposite effect: The presence of a nonconductive particle decreases the channel impedance. We explain the counterintuitive phenomenon by relating to the Braess paradox from traffic network theory, and we call it the complex-valued Braess paradox (CVBP). We develop theoretical models to study the CVBP and corroborate the experimental data using finite element simulations and lumped-element circuit modeling. We then discuss implications and potential applications of the CVBP in resistive pulse sensing and beyond.
Identifying Key Cyber-Physical Terrain (2017)

The high mobility of Army tactical networks, combined with their close proximity to hostile actors, elevates the risks associated with short-range network attacks. The connectivity model for such short range connections under active operations is extremely fluid, and highly dependent upon the physical space within which the element is operating, as well as the patterns of movement within that space. To handle these dependencies, we introduce the notion of "key cyber-physical terrain": locations within an area of operations that allow for effective control over the spread of proximity-dependent malware in a mobile tactical network, even as the elements of that network are in constant motion with an unpredictable pattern of node-to-node connectivity. We provide an analysis of movement models and approximation strategies for finding such critical nodes, and demonstrate via simulation that we can identify such key cyber-physical terrain quickly and effectively.