gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>T</i> <sub>c</sub> enhancement under pressure in the La1111 pnictide LaFeAsO<sub> <i>1-x</i> </sub>H<sub> <i>x</i> </sub> (<i>x</i>=0.2) studied by NMR (2017)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements under a pressure of 3.0 GPa were performed for a prototypical iron-based high-Tc superconductor LaFeAsO1-xHx (x=0.2). At ambient pressure, this compound has superconducting (SC) double domes with the Tc minimum of 26 K at x=0.2 in the electronic phase diagram. Pressure application merges the double domes into a single dome, and the Tc minimum at x=0.2 goes up to 45 K, the Tc maximum, at 3.0 GPa. Despite that Tc enhancement under pressure was confirmed from the 75As relaxation rate divided by temperature (T), 1/T1Taround Tc, 1/T1Tat high temperatures was almost the same with that at ambient pressure and hardly showed Cure-Weiss behaviour. These features are also seen for 14% F-doped LaFeAsO1-xFx, suggesting that spin fluctuations are not essential to achieve high Tc over 45 K.
Lactobacillus crispatus Dominant Vaginal Microbiome Is Associated with Inhibitory Activity of Female Genital Tract Secretions against Escherichia coli (2014)

Microbiome communities with abundant L. crispatus likely contribute to the E. coli inhibitory activity of vaginal secretions and efforts to promote this environment may prevent E. coli colonization and related sequelae including preterm birth.
Hybrid RRAM/SRAM in-Memory Computing for Robust DNN Acceleration (2022)

RRAM-based in-memory computing (IMC) effectively accelerates deep neural networks (DNNs) and other machine learning algorithms. On the other hand, in the presence of RRAM device variations and lower precision, the mapping of DNNs to RRAM-based IMC suffers from severe accuracy loss. In this work, we propose a novel hybrid IMC architecture that integrates an RRAM-based IMC macro with a digital SRAM macro using a programmable shifter to compensate for the RRAM variations and recover the accuracy. The digital SRAM macro consists of a small SRAM memory array and an array of multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) units. The nonideal output from the RRAM macro, due to device and circuit nonidealities, is compensated by adding the precise output from the SRAM macro. In addition, the programmable shifter allows for different scales of compensation by shifting the SRAM macro output relative to the RRAM macro output. On the algorithm side, we develop a framework for the training of DNNs to support the hybrid IMC architecture through ensemble learning. The proposed framework performs quantization (weights and activations), pruning, RRAM IMC-aware training, and employs ensemble learning through different compensation scales by utilizing the programmable shifter. Finally, we design a silicon prototype of the proposed hybrid IMC architecture in the 65-nm SUNY process to demonstrate its efficacy. Experimental evaluation of the hybrid IMC architecture shows that the SRAM compensation allows for a realistic IMC architecture with multilevel RRAM cells (MLCs) even though they suffer from high variations. The hybrid IMC architecture achieves up to 21.9%, 12.65%, and 6.52% improvement in post-mapping accuracy over state-of-the-art techniques, at minimal overhead, for ResNet-20 on CIFAR-10, VGG-16 on CIFAR-10, and ResNet-18 on ImageNet, respectively.
Single molecule mechanics resolves the earliest events in force generation by cardiac myosin (2019)

Abstract Key steps of cardiac mechanochemistry, including the force-generating working stroke and the release of phosphate (P i ), occur rapidly after myosin-actin attachment. An ultra-high-speed optical trap enabled direct observation of the timing and amplitude of the working stroke, which can occur within &lt;200 μs of actin binding by β-cardiac myosin. The initial actomyosin state can sustain loads of at least 4.5 pN and proceeds directly to the stroke or detaches before releasing ATP hydrolysis products. The rates of these processes depend on the force. The time between binding and stroke is unaffected by 10 mM P i which, along with other findings, indicates the stroke precedes phosphate release. After P i release, P i can rebind enabling reversal of the working stroke. Detecting these rapid events under physiological loads provides definitive indication of the dynamics by which actomyosin converts biochemical energy into mechanical work.
A Chemoenzymatic Route to Chiral Intermediates Used in the Multikilogram Synthesis of a Gamma Secretase Inhibitor (2017)

A chemoenzymatic route for the production of an intermediate to a gamma secretase inhibitor is described. The route is robust and was run at multikilogram scale. The process employs both a transaminase catalyzed reductive amination of a substituted tetralone and an alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzed reduction of an α-ketoester to generate the two chiral centers in the molecule, with nearly perfect stereoselectivity. The process also features simple isolation schemes, including a direct drop isolation of the aminotetralin phosphate salt.
Immune Response to Recombinant Adenovirus in Humans: Capsid Components from Viral Input Are Targets for Vector-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (2000)

We previously demonstrated that a single injection of 10(9) PFU of recombinant adenovirus into patients induces strong vector-specific immune responses (H. Gahéry-Ségard, V. Molinier-Frenkel, C. Le Boulaire, P. Saulnier, P. Opolon, R. Lengagne, E. Gautier, A. Le Cesne, L. Zitvogel, A. Venet, C. Schatz, M. Courtney, T. Le Chevalier, T. Tursz, J.-G. Guillet, and F. Farace, J. Clin. Investig. 100:2218-2226, 1997). In the present study we analyzed the mechanism of vector recognition by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). CD8(+) CTL lines were derived from two patients and maintained in long-term cultures. Target cell infections with E1-deleted and E1-plus E2-deleted adenoviruses, as well as transcription-blocking experiments with actinomycin D, revealed that host T-cell recognition did not require viral gene transcription. Target cells treated with brefeldin A were not lysed, indicating that viral input protein-derived peptides are associated with HLA class I molecules. Using recombinant capsid component-loaded targets, we observed that the three major proteins could be recognized. These results raise the question of the use of multideleted adenoviruses for gene therapy in the quest to diminish antivector CTL responses.
Defeating broken symmetry with doping: Symmetric resonant tunneling in noncentrosymetric heterostructures (2023)

Resonant tunneling transport in polar heterostructures is intimately connected to the polarization fields emerging from the geometric Berry-phase. In these structures, quantum confinement results not only in a discrete electronic spectrum, but also in built-in polarization charges exhibiting a broken inversion symmetry along the transport direction. Thus, electrons undergo highly asymmetric quantum interference effects with respect to the direction of current flow. By employing doping to counter the broken symmetry, we deterministically control the resonant transmission through GaN/AlN resonant tunneling diodes and experimentally demonstrate the recovery of symmetric resonant tunneling injection across the noncentrosymmetric double-barrier potential.
Identification and quantification of defective virus genomes in high throughput sequencing data using DVG-profiler, a novel post-sequence alignment processing algorithm (2019)

Most viruses are known to spontaneously generate defective viral genomes (DVG) due to errors during replication. These DVGs are subgenomic and contain deletions that render them unable to complete a full replication cycle in the absence of a co-infecting, non-defective helper virus. DVGs, especially of the copyback type, frequently observed with paramyxoviruses, have been recognized to be important triggers of the antiviral innate immune response. DVGs have therefore gained interest for their potential to alter the attenuation and immunogenicity of vaccines. To investigate this potential, accurate identification and quantification of DVGs is essential. Conventional methods, such as RT-PCR, are labor intensive and will only detect primer sequence-specific species. High throughput sequencing (HTS) is much better suited for this undertaking. Here, we present an HTS-based algorithm called DVG-profiler to identify and quantify all DVG sequences in an HTS data set generated from a virus preparation. DVG-profiler identifies DVG breakpoints relative to a reference genome and reports the directionality of each segment from within the same read. The specificity and sensitivity of the algorithm was assessed using both in silico data sets as well as HTS data obtained from parainfluenza virus 5, Sendai virus and mumps virus preparations. HTS data from the latter were also compared with conventional RT-PCR data and with data obtained using an alternative algorithm. The data presented here demonstrate the high specificity, sensitivity, and robustness of DVG-profiler. This algorithm was implemented within an open source cloud-based computing environment for analyzing HTS data. DVG-profiler might prove valuable not only in basic virus research but also in monitoring live attenuated vaccines for DVG content and to assure vaccine lot to lot consistency.
Multistage Chemical Carcinogenesis in Mouse Skin* (2015)

Skin tumors in mice can be induced by the sequential application of a subthreshold dose of a carcinogen (initiation phase) followed by repetitive treatment with a noncarcinogenic tumor promoter. The initiation phase requires only a single application of either a direct-acting carcinogen or a procarcinogen which has to be metabolized before being active; it is essentially an irreversible step which probably involves a somatic cell mutation as evidenced by a good correlation between the carcinogenicity of many chemical carcinogens and their mutagenic activities. There is a good correlation between the skin-tumor-initiating activities of several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and their ability to bind covalently to epidermal DNA. Results from our laboratory as well as others suggest that "bay region" diol-epoxides are the ultimate carcinogenic form of PAH carcinogens. Potent inhibitors and stimulators of PAH tumor initiation appear to affect the level of the PAH diol-epoxide reacting with specific DNA bases. REcent data suggest that the tumor-promotion stage involves at least 3 important steps: (1) the induction of embryonic-looking cells (dark cells) in adult epidermis; (2) an increased production of epidermal prostaglandins and polyamines; (3) sustained proliferation of dark cells. Retinoic acid specifically inhibits step 2, whereas the anti-inflammatory steroid fluocinolone acetonide is a potent inhibitor of steps 1 and 3. The mechanism and the importance of a specific sequence for each step in chemical carcinogenesis in mouse skin will be discussed in detail.
SC-03 * PAR1 INHIBITION SUPPRESSES A2B5-DEFINED GLIOMA PROGENITOR CELLS AND THEIR DERIVED GLIOMAS IN VIVO (2014)

In a comparison of gene expression by A2B5-defined glial tumor progenitor cells (TPCs) to glial progenitor cells derived from normal adult human brain (Cell Reports 3:2127-41, 2013), we found that the F2R gene encoding PAR1 was differentially over-expressed by TPCs isolated from primary gliomas at every stage of glioma progression. In this study, we therefore asked if PAR1 activation was causally associated with glioma progression. Lentiviral shRNAi knock-down of PAR1 inhibited the expansion and proliferation of glioma TPCs in vitro. We further found that the PAR-1 receptor antagonists SCH79797 and SCH530348 (vorapaxar) inhibited A2B5+ TPC expansion and migration in vitro. PAR1 knockdown also suppressed the tumorigenic potential of A2B5+ TPCs after transplantation into the brains of immunodeficient mice. In addition, mice given subcutaneous grafts of A2B5+ human glioma TPCs exhibited delayed tumor growth if treated with Vorapaxar, relative to xenografted control mice treated with only vehicle. Together, these data suggest that PAR1 may contribute to glioma progenitor expansion and tumor growth; as such, the abrogation of PAR1 signaling may contribute to the treatment of malignant glioma.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure‐Activity Relationships of Fused Imidazopyridines: A New Series of Benzodiazepine Receptor Ligands. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Glucagon Regulates Energy Balance via FGF-21 Signaling in the Brain (2018)

Glucagon is an essential regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism that also promotes weight loss. Thus, novel therapeutics that stimulate glucagon-receptor (GcgR) signaling are promising for treatment of obesity and diabetes; however, the mechanism(s) underlying these effects are yet to be fully elucidated. We previously identified that hepatic glucagon signaling increases the secretion of another fasting hormone, Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF-21), also known to be involved in regulating energy balance. We have recently observed that mice deficient for liver FGF-21 (FGF-21δLiver) are partially resistant to the anti-obesity effects of GcgR agonism, clearly implicating hepatic FGF-21 as an essential component of the glucagon’s weight-loss effects. FGF-21 signals through an obligate co-receptor (βKlotho, Klb), with expression limited to adipose tissue, liver, and brain, specifically within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus and the hindbrain. As the hypothalamus has known roles in regulating energy balance, we hypothesized that the anti-obesity action of the glucagon-FGF-21 system signals through a central mechanism. Mice deficient for neuronal Klb (KlbδCNS) are less susceptible to diet-induced obesity than wild type mice (P&amp;lt;0.01), with no observed differences in food intake or energy expenditure. Following chronic GcgR activation via the selective agonist IUB288, KlbδCNS mice exhibit a partial reduction in body weight (12%) in comparison to control mice (19%), suggesting that FGF-21 mediates glucagon’s anti-obesity properties through central action. Consistent with GcgR-stimulated, neuronal FGF-21 signaling, we found that neuronal activation, measured via immunohistochemical analysis of cFos expression, was increased in the SCN following IUB288 injection. Taken together, these data suggest that glucagon mediates part of its anti-obesity properties through FGF-21-KLB signaling in the SCN, and has implications for future treatments against obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Disclosure S. Nason: None. T. Kim: None. J.P. Antipenko: None. J. Paul: None. B. Finan: Employee; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc. R. DiMarchi: Employee; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc. K.M. Habegger: Consultant; Self; Glyscend, Inc.. Research Support; Self; Glyscend, Inc.. Consultant; Self; Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc..
Effect of Large Scale Transmission Limitations on Renewable Energy Load Matching for Western U.S.: Preprint (2012)

Based on the available geographically dispersed data for the Western U.S. (excluding Alaska), we analyze to what extent the geographic diversity of these resources can offset their variability. Without energy storage and assuming unlimited energy flows between regions, wind and PV can meet up to 80% of loads in Western U.S. while less than 10% of the generated power is curtailed. Limiting hourlyenergy flows by the aggregated transmission line carrying capacities decreases the fraction of the load that can be met with wind and PV generation to approximately 70%.
TALE protein mediated overexpression of embryogenesis related marker genes in wheat microspores (2020)

Stress treatment of microspore embryogenesis leads to the reprogramming of male gametophyte development pathways, which generates haploid green plants. However, low green plant production efficiency is a major hindrance in the adoption of double haploid (DH) production platform for wheat breeding. The aim of the current study was to induce the expression of microspore embryogenesis associated genes by over expressing the RKD transcription factor using Transcription activator-like effector (TALE) proteins. The TALE protein can modulate the gene expression by recognizing and binding host plant promoter sequences. Taking into consideration, we have cloned and analysed RKD promoter from wheat and triticale and used for the custom synthesis of TaRKD-TALE protein. The isolated and purified protein was conjugated with R9 (Cys (Npys)-(D-Arg)9) cargo peptides and successfully transduced into wheat microspores. The expression of early-culture abundant (ECA1), RWP-RK domain-containing proteins (RKD1) and Tapetum determinant 1 (TPD1) marker genes in wheat linked to microspore embryogenesis was studied. The expression of all three (ECA1, TPD1 and RKD1) embryogenesis related marker genes in the TALE transduced microspore was significantly higher than the control. Microspore culture transduced by R9-TaRKD-TALE protein yielded a significantly higher number of embryo-like structures (ELS) and the total green plants in wheat cultivars AC Fielder. Conversely, the microspore cell death has not been significantly affected by the transduction of R9-TaRKD-TALE, while showing a higher recovery at 120 h of microspore culture. This work will be helpful to exploit the TALE protein to improve our understanding of DH production and other pathways related genes.
Applications of forward error coding in mobile communication systems (2003)

Applications of error control coding in mobile communications are considered. Statistical information required to choose a proper coding scheme to combat bursty errors is discussed. A consideration of implementation aspects such as cost, flexibility, reliability, size, and power consumption leads to a universal Reed-Solomon decoder structure suitable for mobile communications. A fast microprocessor-based decoding algorithm for high-rate Reed-Solomon codes is introduced to decrease the error location calculation time and hence increase the decoding speed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Controlling the interaction of poly(ethylene imine) adsorption layers with oppositely charged surfactant by tuning the structure of the preadsorbed polyelectrolyte layer (2011)

This study contributes to the understanding of how the structure of preadsorbed polyelectrolyte layers affects their interaction with oppositely charged surfactants. The adsorbed amount, and thus the adsorption layer structure of poly(ethylene imine), (PEI), was tuned by the pH (4, 6 and 9) of the PEI adsorption. Following the PEI adsorption, each adsorption layer was rinsed with 10 mM NaCl solution (pHRinse = 6) to establish identical conditions for further SDS binding. The structure of the PEI adsorption layers was investigated in situ by dual polarization interferometry (DPI). By comparing the DPI results with ellipsometry results and by performing DPI and ellipsometry simulations it could be demonstrated the first time that PEI forms a vertically inhomogeneous adsorption layer that can be described as having a compact bottom part, which contains PEI molecules with a large number of surface contacts, and a swollen outer part, which includes loosely bound PEI molecules that extend far into the bulk phase. The pH of the adsorption controls not only the adsorbed mass but also the structure of the adsorbed layer, which can be further tuned by changing the pH of the rinsing solution. To investigate how the structure of the preadsorbed PEI layer affects its interfacial association with SDS, the preadsorbed polymer layers were rinsed with SDS solutions under identical conditions (10 mM NaCl, pHRinse = 6). It was found that the structure of the preadsorbed PEI layer has a profound effect on the PEI/surfactant interaction. For instance, when the outer part of the PEI layer contained a sufficient amount of polymer segments, desorption of PEI could be prevented. In contrast, when the outer part of the PEI layer was depleted in polymer segments complete desorption could be achieved provided the polymer layer was rinsed with a high concentration (∼cmc) surfactant solution under continuous flow.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual, Linear Regioselective Hydroformylation on PtL2Cl2‐Iron or PtL2Cl2‐Tin Catalysts. (1990)

Abstract Hydroformylation of styrene (I) in the presence of low‐valent Pt catalysts produces mainly the linear aldehydes (III), together with the branched aldehydes (IV) and low amounts of phenylethane (V).
Applicazione di logica fuzzy ad un sistema di posizionamento pneumatico continuo (1992)

This paper describes the patients treated by 4th year undergraduate students during the first year of a pilot outreach course to teach Restorative Dentistry in community clinics in 2001-02. Data were collected from 908 summaries of patient treatment completed by the students, and from 139 patient questionnaires. Some 75% of patients were aged between 16 and 64, 58% were female, and 16% had dental phobia or anxiety. Most lived locally to the clinic and 41% made their initial contact as an emergency or drop-in. Some 37% made only a single visit (including children treated as emergencies) but 22% made six or more visits. Did not attend (DNA) was a problem and 18% of patients DNA to complete their treatment. Students undertook the full range of restorative procedures, with the emphasis on direct restorations, preventive treatment and advice, scaling, extractions and emergency treatment. Patients' main reasons for attending the clinic were lay recommendation, the need for treatment, convenience, free treatment, or the lack of access to a dentist. Some 30% said they did not have or did not know of an alternative source of dental care, and half had not seen a dentist for at least 2 years. The study demonstrates that despite difficulties related to attendance, a suitable patient base can be established offering students the opportunity to provide comprehensive care for adults in a primary care setting.
Systematic Identification of Druggable Epithelial–Stromal Crosstalk Signaling Networks in Ovarian Cancer (2018)

Our findings suggest the feasibility of using novel multicellular systems biology modeling to identify and repurpose known drugs targeting cancer-stroma crosstalk networks, potentially leading to faster and more effective cures for cancers.
Construction, validation and updating of a prognostic model for kidney graft survival (1995)

The construction, validation and updating of a prognostic model for kidney graft survival is reported using data from the Eurotransplant database. First, a model is constructed for data from transplantations in the period 1984 to 1987. The model is later updated for the 1988 1990 data. The first data set was randomly split into a training set (two-thirds of the data) and a validation set (one-third). To prevent overfitting empirical Bayes estimation of the transplantation centre effect was employed. After that, the validation set was used for fine-tuning by shrinkage. For updating with the 1988 1990 data parametric models were used after suitable transformation of the time axis; it appeared that survival had slightly improved. This necessitated a correction of the parameters in the exponential model. Correctness of the model was checked by extension to a Weibull model. The lack of fit was statistically significant, but practically ignorable. Recommendations are made to place less emphasis on the selection of variables and cut-off points, and more emphasis on the fine-tuning of the prognostic model by means of low-dimensional parametric models in independent data sets.