gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Review of high efficiency integrated LED lighting (2017)

Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are solid-state devices that are highly energy efficient and considerably more durable compared with other forms of lighting, such as compact fluorescent lights (CFL) and traditional incandescents. LED technology has improved steadily over the years: every decade, the cost per lumen falls by a factor of 10 and the amount of light generated per LED package increases by a factor of 20 for a given wavelength of light. This has resulted in significant growth in the LED industry. Moreover, LED lighting can help contribute to the broader vision of having smart interconnected cities by unlocking the full potential of next-generation digital lighting and enabling a cleaner, greener and even brighter future. To enable this, methods that could improve the energy efficiency of current integrated LED lighting needs to be explored such that the cost of future integrated LED lighting can be reduced. A review on potential methods that could be utilised to design a highly integrated LED light bulb will therefore be presented in this paper. These include the comparison between the performances of wide-bandgap based field effect transistors (FETs) with silicon-based FETs, quasiresonant circuit topologies that could be utilised to lower power switching losses as well as integration of on-chip magnetics.
Towards a phase-change metamaterial CMY subtractive display (2017)

A phase-change based metal-insulator-metal metamaterial absorber structure is proposed for the creation of cyan, magenta and yellow (CMY) pixels that could provide the first steps towards the realization of a fast, non-volatile CMY-type subtractive display.
Crack Shielding Degradation in Alumina during Cyclic Fatigue (2001)

International audience
Long-Term Surgical Outcomes of Spinal Meningiomas (2011)

Long-term follow-up after surgery for meningiomas indicated that Simpson grade I resection should be selected whenever practicable when treating younger patients or dumbbell-type meningiomas. Tumors recurred at 12 years, on average, in approximately 30% of patients who underwent grade II resection.
Scuba diver: Subspace clustering of web search results (2007)

Web search, subspace clustering, guided search Current search engines present their search results as a ranked list of Web pages. However, as the number of pages on the Web increases exponentially, so does the number of search results for any given query. We present a novel subspace clustering based algorithm to organize keyword search results by simultaneously clustering and identifying distinguishing terms for each cluster. Our system, named Scuba Diver, enables users to better interpret the coverage of millions of search results and to refine their search queries through a keyword guided interface. We present experimental results illustrating the effectiveness of our algorithm by measuring purity, entropy and F-measure of generated clusters based on Open Directory Project (ODP). 1
Abdomen and spinal cord segmentation with augmented active shape models (2016)

Active shape models (ASMs) have been widely used for extracting human anatomies in medical images given their capability for shape regularization of topology preservation. However, sensitivity to model initialization and local correspondence search often undermines their performances, especially around highly variable contexts in computed-tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images. In this study, we propose an augmented ASM (AASM) by integrating the multiatlas label fusion (MALF) and level set (LS) techniques into the traditional ASM framework. Using AASM, landmark updates are optimized globally via a region-based LS evolution applied on the probability map generated from MALF. This augmentation effectively extends the searching range of correspondent landmarks while reducing sensitivity to the image contexts and improves the segmentation robustness. We propose the AASM framework as a two-dimensional segmentation technique targeting structures with one axis of regularity. We apply AASM approach to abdomen CT and spinal cord (SC) MR segmentation challenges. On 20 CT scans, the AASM segmentation of the whole abdominal wall enables the subcutaneous/visceral fat measurement, with high correlation to the measurement derived from manual segmentation. On 28 3T MR scans, AASM yields better performances than other state-of-the-art approaches in segmenting white/gray matter in SC.
Characterization and fibrinolytic properties of human omental tissue mesothelial cells. Comparison with endothelial cells (1990)

It has been reported that omental fat tissue is a good source of human microvascular endothelial cells. By characterization we demonstrate that the epitheloid cells isolated from omental tissue are not endothelial cells, but mesothelial cells. They contain abundant cytokeratins 8 and 18, which are absent in endothelial cells, and vimentin. No staining with the endothelial-specific antibodies EN-4 and PAL-E is observed. A faint and diffuse staining of von Willebrand factor (vWF) is seen in mesothelial cells, whereas microvascular endothelial cells from subcutaneous fat display vWF in distinct granular structures. Human peritoneal mesothelium produces plasminogen activator-dependent fibrinolytic activity, which is essential in the resolution of fibrous exudates and may therefore be important in preventing the formation of fibrous peritoneal adhesions. This fibrinolytic activity is plasminogen activator-dependent, but has not been fully characterized. We report here that human omental tissue mesothelial cells in vitro produce large amounts of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), together with type 1 and 2 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1 and PAI-2). PAI-1 is predominantly secreted into the culture medium, whereas the major part of PAI-2 is found in the cells. No urokinase-type plasminogen activator is detected. On stimulation with the inflammatory mediator tumor necrosis factor (TNF), at least a threefold decrease in t-PA antigen is observed, together with an increase in both PAI-1 and PAI-2. TNF also induces a marked change in cell shape. Whereas TNF and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) have similar effects on the production of PA inhibitor by human endothelial cells, LPS has no or only a relatively small effect on the fibrinolytic properties of mesothelial cells. The decreased fibrinolytic activity induced by the cytokine TNF may impair the natural dissolution of fibrin deposits at the peritoneum in the presence of an inflammatory reaction.
Determination of Soil pH in Dominant Soil Types in the Republic of Croatia (2009)

Soil pH is a basic soil parameter, since many processes in the soil depend on it, such as the growth and development of plants.Th erefore, the monitoring of soil pH is very important.In this paper the values of soil pH are obtained by measurement of the samples in three media: H 2 O, KCl and CaCl 2 .Th e sampling was conducted at 18 locations on 11 soil types and 15 lower systematic units.Th e aim of this work was to establish functional connections between the pH values in all three media.Repeatability of measurement expressed through the relative standard deviation, ranged from 0.21% to 3.87% in the H 2 O suspension, from 0.19% to 7.74% in the KCl suspension and from 0.25% to 4.19% in the CaCl 2 suspension.Correlation coeffi cients varied in the classes: strong, very strong and absolute.Th e correlation coeffi cients for all measured samples were: r=0.96 for the pH KCl/H 2 O; r=0.97 for the pH KCl/CaCl 2 and r=0.99 for the pH H 2 O/CaCl 2 (absolute correlation).Th e correlation coeffi cients determined in the acid soils were: r=0.97 for the pH KCl/CaCl 2 and pH H 2 O/CaCl 2 ; r= 0.91 for the pH KCl/ H 2 O (absolute correlation).In the neutral soils, the correlation coeffi cient for the pH KCl/CaCl 2 was r=0.69 (strong correlation), correlation coeffi cient for the pH KCl/H 2 O was r=0.80 (very strong correlation) and the correlation coeffi cient for the pH H 2 O/CaCl 2 was r=0.92 (absolute correlation).In the alkaline soils, the correlation coeffi cient for the pH KCl/CaCl 2 and pH KCl/H 2 O was r=0.66 (strong correlation), and correlation coeffi cient for the pH H 2 O/CaCl 2 was r=0.88 (very strong correlation).Th e existence of alleged functional connections through this work has been proven with very high signifi cance.
Development of an X-band Photoinjector at SLAC (2002)

As part of a National Cancer Institute contract to develop a compact source of monoenergetic X-rays via Compton backscattering, we have completed the design and construction of a 5.5 cell Photoinjector operating at 11.424 GHz. Successful completion of this project will result in the capability of generating a monoenergetic X-ray beam, continuously tunable from 20 - 85 KeV. The immediate goal is the development of a Photoinjector producing 7 MeV, 0.5nC, sub-picosecond electron bunches with normalized RMS emittances of >1 p-mm-mR at repetition rates up to 60 Hz.. This beam will then be further accelerated to 60 MeV using a 1.05 m accelerating structure. This Photoinjector is somewhat different than the traditional 1.5 cell design both because of the number of cells and the symmetrically fed input coupler cell. Its operating frequency is also unique. Since the cathode is non-removable, cold-test tuning was somewhat more difficult than in other designs. We will present results of ''bead-drop'' measurements used in tuning this structure. Initial beam measurements are currently in progress and results will be presented as well as results of RF conditioning to high gradients at X-band. Details of the RF system, emittance-compensating solenoid, and cathode laser system as well as PARMELA simulations will also be presented.
Map-Aided Locally Linear Embedding methods for image prediction (2012)

Image prediction methods based on data dimensionality reduction techniques have been introduced in [1]. Although efficient, these methods suffer from limitations when the block to be predicted and its neighborhood (or template) are not correlated, e.g. in non homogenous texture areas. To cope with these limitations, this paper introduces new image prediction methods based on locally linear embedding (LLE) technique in which the required K-NN search is aided, at the decoder, by a block correspondence map, hence the name Map-Aided Locally Linear Embedding (MALLE) method. Another optimized variant of this approach, called oMALLE method, is also studied. The resulting prediction methods are shown to bring significant Rate-Distortion (RD) performance improvements when compared to H.264 Intra prediction modes (up to 40.78 % rate saving at low bit rates).
Primary Pulmonary Hypertension: 3D Dynamic Perfusion MRI for Quantitative Analysis of Regional Pulmonary Perfusion (2006)

Three-dimensional dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI has potential for assessment of disease severity as indicated by PVR and MPAP in patients with PPH.
Reduced aerobic capacity in HIV infected patients is associated with decreased capacity for lactate oxidation during exercise (2008)

Objective: Reduced aerobic capacity in HIV infected patients may be due to mitochondrial toxicity of antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We determined if changes in rates of lactate flux in HIV patients contributes to their debility. Methods: Lactate flux parameters were determined using isotope [3‐ 13 C]lactate at rest then 60 min of exercise, comparing HIV patients on HAART with uninfected controls. Results: The mean peak VO 2 for the HIV patients was lower than controls: 2.2 ±0.13 (n=9) vs. 2.6 ±0.15 L/min (n=9) (p=0.03). At rest the HIV subjects did not differ from the controls for rate of lactate appearance (Ra), disappearance (Rd), metabolic clearance rate (MCR) or relative oxidation of lactate (rel Rox). During exercise (45% of peak VO 2 ), there was no significant difference for Ra (48.9 ±3.2 vs. 45.6 ±4.5 mmol/kg/min), Rd (49.3 ±3.2 vs. 48.5 ±5.2 mmol/kg/min), or MCR (43.0 ±4.3 vs. 36.1 ±2.6 ml/kg/min). However, during exercise, the rel Rox was lower in the HIV subjects (58.8 ±1.8%) vs. controls (71.2 ±3.8%) p=0.007. Conclusion: HIV patients and controls had equal rates of generation and clearance of lactic acid. HIV subjects had reduced clearance of lactate generated during exercise via oxidation. This reduced clearance must be compensated for by increased clearance of lactate by non‐oxidative means, such as through hepatic metabolism. NIH R21 AI 058770 to SP and NIH R01 AR 042906 to GAB.
Synthesis of Functionalized PEEK Analogues via “One-Pot” Synthesis (2016)

Poly(arylene ether)s, PAEs • High performance engineering thermoplastic materials • Excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability • Resistant to hydrolysis and oxidation • Many prepared via nucleophilic aromatic substitution (NAS) • Electron withdrawing groups (EWG) typically in para positions • PAEs can also be synthesized with an EWG in the meta positions, creating easily functionalized systems, with no change in the backbone
Crystal/Glass Phase Change in KSb<sub>5</sub>S<sub>8</sub> Studied Through Thermal Analysis Techniques. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Thermal history and high-speed optical imaging of overhang structures during laser powder bed fusion: A computational and experimental analysis (2022)

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a powerful tool for additive manufacturing (AM) of metal components. However, fabricating components with overhanging features using LPBF remains a challenge. Overhangs suffer from dimensional inaccuracies, high surface roughness, and agglomerated material or dross. These parts often do not meet engineering requirements and are discarded and reprinted until requirements are met, or redesigned to avoid overhangs. Printing a flat overhang is especially challenging due to the long, unsupported powder bed that fosters material agglomeration and inhibits heat flux. Commercial LPBF machines use distinct laser parameters for the downskin layers in overhang regions. Downskin parameters for a given material are often selected by trial and error: printing many parts, changing the laser power and velocity parameters, as well as the number of layers to apply them. The impact of changing the laser parameters on the thermal history of a given layer and multiple layers is not well characterized or understood. This research uses thermal simulations, infrared (IR) imaging, and high-speed optical imaging to study the fabrication of flat overhang structures in 316L stainless steel. The thermal evolution of different downskin strategies on multiple layers is simulated with high fidelity thermal simulations and experimentally measured as the part is printed with carefully calibrated forward looking infrared (FLIR) imaging. Emissivity measurements are performed in a custom chamber under a range of conditions to accurately convert FLIR measurements to temperatures. The layer construction is also recorded with high-speed video to observe the powder bed, melt pool formation, and effects of material agglomeration. Parameter strategies that minimize layer-to-layer variations of the peak temperature, heating rate, and cooling rate are investigated to inform print conditions for overhang features.
Toward Practically Applicable MEMS (2013)

MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) play important roles as key components in systems. However it is not easy to be applied in market because these require heterogeneous knowledge and expensive facilities. Training of MEMS engineers who have practical experiences, accumulation and its exploitation of experiences and sharing of facilities are required for MEMS to be used in a market. Technical approaches for the practically applicable MEMS as hetero integration with circuit and packaging are described.
ChemInform Abstract: NUCLEOPHILIC BOROHYDRIDE‐ SELECTIVE REDUCTIVE DISPLACEMENT OF HALIDES, SULFONATE ESTERS, TERTIARY AMINES, AND N,N‐DISULFONIMIDES WITH BOROHYDRIDE REAGENTS IN POLAR APROTIC SOLVENTS (1978)

Abstract In Tabellen werden unter Auswertung von zahlreichen Lit.‐ Stellen nucleophile Substitutionsreaktionen mit Boranat beschrieben, die z.B. zur Umwandlung von Halogeniden oder Sulfonaten (I) in Kohlenwasserstoffe, zur Eliminierung einer Methylgruppe aus den aus (IV) hergestellten Ammonium‐Verbindungen (V) zu den tert. Aminen (VI) oder auch zu einer Spaltung von Disulfonylimiden (VII) unter Bildung der Kohlenwasserstoffe (VIII) führen können.
Exponential Stability With RISE Controllers (2021)

A class of continuous robust controllers termed Robust Integral of the Sign of the Error (RISE) have been published over the past two decades as a means to yield asymptotic tracking error convergence and asymptotic identification of time-varying uncertainties, for classes of nonlinear systems that are subject to sufficiently smooth bounded exogenous disturbances and/or modeling uncertainties. Despite the wide application of RISE-based techniques, an open question that has eluded researchers during this time-span is whether the asymptotic tracking error convergence is also uniform or exponential. This question has remained open due to certain limitations in the traditional construction of a Lyapunov function for RISE-based error systems. In this letter, new insights on the construction of a Lyapunov function are used that result in an exponential stability result for RISE-based controllers. As an outcome of this breakthrough, the inherent learning capability of RISE-based controllers is shown to yield exponential identification of state-dependent disturbances/uncertainty.
Arthur Stabler, Four french Renaissance p-Plays (1979)

Simonin Michel. Arthur Stabler, Four french Renaissance p-Plays. In: Bulletin de l'Association d'étude sur l'humanisme, la réforme et la renaissance, n°9, 1979. p. 83.
Single-cell analysis defines a pancreatic fibroblast lineage that supports anti-tumor immunity (2021)

Fibroblasts display extensive transcriptional heterogeneity, yet functional annotation and characterization of their heterocellular relationships remains incomplete. Using mass cytometry, we chart the stromal composition of 18 murine tissues and 5 spontaneous tumor models, with an emphasis on mesenchymal phenotypes. This analysis reveals extensive stromal heterogeneity across tissues and tumors, and identifies novel, coordinated, relationships between mesenchymal and immune cell subsets. Expression of CD105 demarks two stable and functionally distinct fibroblast lineages, that are ubiquitous in murine and human healthy tissues and tumors. Whereas CD105 positive fibroblasts are permissive for tumor growth <em>in vivo</em>, CD105 negative fibroblasts are highly tumor suppressive. This restrictive effect is entirely dependent on functional adaptive immunity, with a major contribution from type 1 conventional dendritic cells. Collectively, these results reveal two distinct fibroblast lineages conserved across tissues and species and highlight the importance of mesenchymal and immune cell interactions in restricting tumor growth.
Reoperative Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Review of Changing Pattern and Outcomes (2018)

JOJ Case Stud 8(1) JOJCS.MS.ID.555726(
numerical analysis of NMR pore-pore exchange measurements using micro X-ray computed tomography (2009)

Pore-pore relaxation exchange experiments are a recent development and hold great promise to spectrally derive length scales and connectivity information relevant for transport in porous media. However, for large pores, NMR diffusion-relaxation techniques reach a limit because bulk relaxation becomes dominant. A combination of NMR and Xray-CT techniques could be beneficial and lead to better models for regions of unresolved porosity in CT images, increasing the accuracy of image based calculations of transport properties. In this study we carry out numerical NMR pore-pore exchange experiments on selected Xray-CT images of sandstones and carbonate rock, while at the same time tracking information about the geometry and topology of the pore space. We use pore partitioning techniques and geometric distance fields to relate T2-T2 relaxation exchange spectra to underlying structural quantities. It is shown that T2-T2 pore-pore exchange measurements at room temperatures for the samples considered likely reflect exchange between pores and throats or pores and roughness.
Observations on Adult Bionomics and Larval Ecology of Leptoconops Torrens (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) During an Outbreak in the Coachella Valley of Southern California, USA (1984)

Following a heavy thunderstorm in the desert mountains of southern California, an outbreak of the hematophagous midge Leptoconops torrens was observed in Magnesia Spring Canyon, near the city of Rancho Mirage, in June 1981. Studies were undertaken to examine the reproductive bionomics of the adults and to locate the larval habitat. Preliminary observations suggested that host-seeking females descended from the foothills via the canyon into the wash at Rancho Mirage. This population was characterized by apparently synchronous emergence, high attack rates by nulliparous females, and a precipitous decline in activity within a few days of peak abundance. Attack activity was diurnally bimodal, peaking 2–4 h after sunrise and again at sunset. Few females survived to initiate a 2nd gonotrophic cycle; consequently, little vector potential existed. Mating swarms were observed 3.2 km into the canyon (450 m above sea level) at 1430 h in bright sunlight with air temperature at 43.3 °C. Nearby, a few larvae were found in the damp sand and moss in areas of the canyon floor protected from the floods that accompany heavy rainfall; however, the primary larval habitat may be in the numerous cracks and crevices of the rocky terrain. The inaccessibility of these areas precludes larval suppression. Certain peculiarities in the bionomics of L. torrens are discussed in terms of adaptation to the harsh desert environment.
Chemical Biology Towards Precision Medicine (2017)

Abstract Organic chemistry is primed to fill a much‐needed gap in our understanding of human biology and disease on the one hand and our ability to treat disease effectively on the other. The key challenge is to discover compounds having the novel mechanisms of action demanded by these new patient‐derived insights.
Comparison of Interpolation Methods for Ex-vivo and In-vivo Cardiac Diffusion Tensor Imaging (2023)

To address the challenge of low resolution and limited number of slices in in-vivo cDTI, and the need for 3D structural information in image-based modeling, we compare five interpolation techniques of predominant cardiomyocyte orientation: two low-rank models, one rule-based method and two tensor interpolation approaches. The direct tensor interpolation approaches result in the smallest errors, followed by the low-rank models and the rule-based method. In view of an optimal experimental design in-vivo, the ex-vivo experiments suggest a larger benefit of increasing in-plane resolution rather than SNR, and a non-linear increase in error for less than five short-axis slices.