gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Negative regulators may mediate some of the inhibitory effects of HIV-1 infected stromal cell layers on erythropoiesis and myelopoiesis in human bone marrow long term cultures (1995)

This report presents results concerning the potential role of negative regulators in hematopoietic suppression observed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected long-term cultures (LTC) of human bone marrow cells. Confluent stromal cell layers established from human bone marrow cells were exposed to HIV-1ADA, a monocytotropic strain of HIV-1. A progressive increase in the concentration of HIV-1 p24 antigen in cultures exposed to HIV-1ADA demonstrated that there was a productive infection. Cells from both noninfected and HIV-infected stromal cell layers produced factors that stimulated the proliferation of colony-forming units for granulocytes and macrophages (CFU-GM) from non-infected CD34+ cells. In contrast, when noninfected CD34+ cells were directly cocultured on intact stromal cell layers fewer CFU-GM and burst-forming units for erythroid cells (BFU-E) were detected in HIV-infected LTC than in noninfected LTC. One week after the addition of CD34+ cells, the number of CFU-GM in HIV-infected LTC in six of nine experiments was reduced compared to noninfected control LTC. In those six experiments, the number of CFU-GM was only 53 +/- 5% (SEM) of the number in noninfected LTC. The number of BFU-E in HIV-1-infected LTC was only 46 +/- 5% of the number in noninfected LTC (n = 5). There were fewer BFU-E in HIV-1-infected LTC, whether or not there was a reduced number of CFU-GM. Neutralizing antibody to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) had no effect on the number of BFU-E in HIV-infected LTC. The number of BFU-E, however, was 2.1 +/- 0.2-fold greater (n = 3) in HIV-infected LTC incubated with neutralizing antibody to interferon-alpha. In HIV-infected LTC with decreased numbers of CFU-GM, the number of CFU-GM was approximately 2-fold greater after incubation of HIV-infected LTC with anti-interleukin-4 (IL-4). The effect of anti-TNF-alpha was variable, and anti-transforming growth factor-beta had no effect on the number of CFU-GM in HIV-infected LTC. After 2 weeks, the number of CFU-GM in HIV-infected LTC incubated with anti-IL-4 and anti-TNF-alpha was 2- to 4-fold greater than in untreated HIV-infected LTC. Antibody treatment did not promote an increase in the number of CFU-GM in noninfected LTC or in LTC in which CFU-GM numbers were not reduced after HIV infection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Teknologiutvikling i rekenæringen. Sluttrapport (2014)

Gjennom de siste 10–15 år har det vært lite åpen forskning på industriell produksjon av pillede reker. I samme tidsrom har industrien gjennomgått en omfattende strukturering og modernisering. Gjennom de seinere år har norsk rekeproduksjonen vært nedadgående som en konsekvens av sterk konkurranse fra andre land. I følge industrien er 80 % av kostnadene forbundet med kjøp av råstoff. Dette innebærer at 1 % forbedring i pilleutbytte vil med dagens produksjonsvolum utgjøre flere millioner kroner på bunnlinja for en bedrift som piller reker. \n\nFormålet med prosjektet har vært å undersøke teknologi og løsninger for industriell foredling av reker som kan gi norsk rekeindustri fortrinn i forhold til konkurrerende produksjon. Konkret er det jobbet med ombordhåndtering, fryselagring, tining og modning i kald lake og høytrykksbehandling. \n\nResultatene fra arbeidet viser mulighet for prosessendring med gunstig effekt på utbytte. Dette bør imidlertid dokumenteres i pilotskala før en eventuell implementering. Vurdering av om resultatene fra forsøket skal undersøkes nærmere eller om det skal tas direkte i bruk ligger hos de enkelte næringsaktørene og er knyttet opp til vurdering av lønnsomhet og potensial for forbedring av prosess og produkt.
A phase 2 basket trial of an ERK1/2 inhibitor (LY3214996) in combination with abemaciclib for patients whose tumors harbor pathogenic alterations in <i>BRAF</i>, <i>RAF1</i>, <i>MAP2K1/2</i> <i>ERK1/2</i>, and <i>NF1</i>. (2023)

e15088 Background: LY3214996 (L) is a potent inhibitor of ERK1/2 kinases that can potentially obviate resistance mechanisms in cancers that harbor BRAF, RAS, NF1, MAP2K1/2, and other MAPK alterations. Abemaciclib (A) is a CDK 4/6 inhibitor. Studies have shown that concomitant inhibition of the MAPK pathway exemplified by ERK inhibitors may augment the antitumor activity of CDK4/6 inhibitors. In this biomarker-informed phase 2 study, we assess the clinical efficacy of L in combination with A. Methods: The study enrolled patients with advanced unresectable or metastatic cancer with no other standard of care options available. The malignancy must harbor pathogenic alterations in BRAF, RAF1, MAP2K1/2, ERK1/2, or NF1, in whom standard treatments failed to provide clinical benefit. L was administered at a dose of 200 mg orally QD in combination with A at 150 mg BID hours on Days 1 through 28 of a 28-day cycle until progression, toxicity, or withdrawal. The primary endpoint is the objective response rate. Secondary outcomes include evaluation of safety and tolerability, progression-free survival (PFS), and duration of the overall response. Additionally, tumor samples were collected for organoid development. Results: Between September 1, 2020, and February 1, 2023, 12 patients were enrolled. Primary malignancies included colorectal (6), lung (1), breast (2), pancreas (1), uterus (1), and thyroid (1). The pathogenic alterations included NF1 (4), BRAF (6), and MAP2K1/2 (2). There were no CR or PR observed. Stable disease was achieved in 4 patients (33%) with a median disease control rate of 6.5 months. Pathogenic alterations in patients with stable disease included BRAF, MAP2K1/2, and NF1. Most common treatment-related adverse events of any grade included fatigue (41%), rash (41%), nausea (33%), vomiting (33%), anemia (25%), anorexia (25%), and increased creatinine (25%). There were no grade 4 or 5 adverse events. Conclusions: The combination of L+A is safe and promising in patients whose tumors harbor pathogenic alterations in BRAF, MAP2K1/2, and NF1. Enrollment is ongoing, and efficacy and toxicity outcomes continue to be assessed. (NCT04534283). Clinical trial information: NCT04534283 .
Systematic Studies of Morphological Changes of Precision Polyethylene (2013)

The morphological changes of polyethylenes bearing precisely spaced "defects" are reviewed, focusing on the effects of defect frequency, size, and functionality on crystallization and crystalline structure. The precise defect interval is imparted through acyclic diene metathesis polymerization of structurally symmetric diene monomers. Studies have included structural characterization by differential scanning calorimetry, wide-angle X-ray scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and infrared spectroscopy. The collective results are presented separately for functionalized polyethylenes and for those containing alkyl chain branches, as these two classes of polymers vary greatly in morphology.
Epitaxial ZnO growth and p‐type doping with MOMBE (2004)

Abstract Control of ZnO and CdO crystalline structures and p‐type doping in ZnO were studied. Formation of zincblende ZnO layers as well as zincblende CdO/ZnO short‐period superlattices (SPSL) are demonstrated and bright luminescence was observed even at room temperature from the CdO/ZnO SPSL. p‐Type conductivity observed in N‐doped ZnO is studied and the relation to the photoluminescence peaks is discussed. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Quantitative study of the coexpression of Fos and <i>N</i>‐methyl‐D aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits in otolith‐related vestibular nuclear neurons of rats (2003)

The expression of NMDA receptor subunits (NR1 and NR2A/B) was demonstrated immunocytochemically in otolith-related neurons within the vestibular nuclear complex and its subnuclei of conscious Sprague-Dawley adult rats. All experimental animals were subjected to constant velocity off-vertical axis rotation (OVAR). The rotating gravity vector during OVAR sequentially activates hair cells on all sectors of the utricular maculae; neurons so activated within the vestibular nuclei were denoted by the expression of Fos protein. Control animals, i.e., labyrinthectomized rats subjected to OVAR and normal rats that remained stationary, showed only a few sporadically scattered labeled neurons. In the brainstem of normal rats subjected to OVAR, a high density of Fos-immunoreactive (Fos-ir) neurons was found in the vestibular nuclear complex (namely, spinal vestibular nucleus, SpVe; medial vestibular nucleus, Mve; superior vestibular nucleus, SuVe) and subnuclei (namely, group x and group y), whereas a lower density was found in the lateral vestibular nucleus (LVe). A double-immunofluorescence study indicated that both NR1 and NR2A/B subunits were highly expressed in Fos-ir neurons within the vestibular nuclei. Fos/NR1 or Fos/NR2A/B double-labeled neurons constitute over three-quarters of the total number of Fos-ir neurons in SpVe, MVe, LVe, SuVe, and groups x and y. Our findings suggest that NMDA-type ionotropic glutamate receptors play a key role in the OVAR-induced neuronal activation of the vestibular nuclei, thus providing a morphological basis for further study of glutamatergic central otolith neurons and their involvement in sensorimotor regulation and autonomic functions of rats.
Utilization of adaptive PHIL interfaces for harmonic load cases (2014)

Power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) is an important tool for testing and verifying various aspects of systems level research. It provides a realistic assessment of how a device will interact under various conditions and environments, allowing the testing process to truly vet the apparatuses before full scale deployment. Crucial to the PHIL concept, is the hardware-in-the-loop interface. Interfaces must be accurate, stable and able to pass through dynamics so that the hardware under test sees the most realistic view of the remainder to the system and vice versa. The damping impedance method (DIM) provides the appropriate characteristics for dynamic load applications but its philosophy requires some modification when in a system that has considerable harmonic content in either voltage and/or current. This paper will provide a modified DEVI (MDEVI) method for PHIL applications to meet this criteria. Specifically, it will investigate a power-electronic-based system with a load containing harmonic content and will compare the accuracy of the results against a traditional DEVI interface method.
Functional Association of Type IIA Secretory Phospholipase A2 with the Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan in the Cyclooxygenase-2-mediated Delayed Prostanoid-biosynthetic Pathway (1999)

An emerging body of evidence suggests that type IIA secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)-IIA) participates in the amplification of the stimulus-induced cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-dependent delayed prostaglandin (PG)-biosynthetic response in several cell types. However, the biological importance of the ability of sPLA(2)-IIA to bind to heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) on cell surfaces has remained controversial. Here we show that glypican, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored HSPG, acts as a physical and functional adaptor for sPLA(2)-IIA. sPLA(2)-IIA-dependent PGE(2) generation by interleukin-1-stimulated cells was markedly attenuated by treatment of the cells with heparin, heparinase or GPI-specific phospholipase C, which solubilized the cell surface-associated sPLA(2)-IIA. Overexpression of glypican-1 increased the association of sPLA(2)-IIA with the cell membrane, and glypican-1 was coimmunoprecipitated by the antibody against sPLA(2)-IIA. Glypican-1 overexpression led to marked augmentation of sPLA(2)-IIA-mediated arachidonic acid release, PGE(2) generation, and COX-2 induction in interleukin-1-stimulated cells, particularly when the sPLA(2)-IIA expression level was suboptimal. Immunofluorescent microscopic analyses of cytokine-stimulated cells revealed that sPLA(2)-IIA was present in the caveolae, a microdomain in which GPI-anchored proteins reside, and also appeared in the perinuclear area in proximity to COX-2. We therefore propose that a GPI-anchored HSPG glypican facilitates the trafficking of sPLA(2)-IIA into particular subcellular compartments, and arachidonic acid thus released from the compartments may link efficiently to the downstream COX-2-mediated PG biosynthesis.
Spin and spectral signatures of polaron pairs in π-conjugated polymers (1997)

We have studied polaron pair photoexcitations in a variety of (pi) -conjugated polymer films by photoinduced absorption (PA) and optically-detected magnetic resonance (ODMR). An exchange interaction between polarons broadens the ODMR spectrum, permitting the unambiguous identification of the polaron pair species. Both isotropic and anisotropic exchange interactions have been observed. An isotropic exchange interaction broadens the spin-1/2 resonance associated with polarons, whereas an anisotropic exchange interaction gives rise to both full-field and half-field powder patterns. We have successfully modeled the observed spin-1/2 ODMR spectra and estimate the strength of the isotropic exchange interaction J. Both polarons and polaron pairs are characterized by two absorption bands. The high energy PA band of polaron pairs is blueshifted with respect to that of isolated polarons.
Heart rate and high frequency heart rate variability during stress as biomarker for clinical depression. A systematic review (2018)

The interaction of physical and mental vulnerability and environmental constraints is thought to foster the development of psychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD). A central factor in the development of psychopathology is mental stress. Despite some evidence for parasympathetic withdrawal and sympathetic overactivity in MDD, the psychophysiological response to stress in depression is not clear-cut. Given the growing interest in heart rate and heart rate variability as indicators for remote monitoring of patients, it is important to understand how patients with MDD react to stress in a laboratory-controlled environment. We conducted a systematic review of studies using electrocardiography to derive heart rate and heart rate variability during stress in patients with clinical depression. We focused on well-validated stress tasks- the mental arithmetic stress task, the Trier social stress task and public speaking task- to minimize confounding effects due to the nature of the stressor. The majority of studies found hypo-reactivity during stress as a hallmark of depression as evidenced by lower fluctuation in heart rate and heart rate variability in the high-frequency band. We address the potential underlying biological mechanisms, the influence of covariates on these measures and briefly discuss the specificity and potential for remote monitoring by using these variables.
Experimental Verification of a Passive Sensing Node for Monitoring RF Connector-Coaxial Cable System Performance (2014)

The concept of a network of passive sensing node (PSN) devices for monitoring the integrity of radio frequency (RF) coaxial transmission lines and associated RF connectors in the UHF range of frequencies was introduced in a previous paper. This paper examines the performance characteristics of the subsystems of an individual PSN device. It provides experimental verification of S-parameters of the transmission line coupler model, which was described in the previous paper. Experimental verification is also provided for power monitoring, power harvesting, and backscatter telemetry subsystems. The PSN reports 8-bit precision data from each of its sensory inputs including connector tightness, relative humidity, temperature, propagating RF power, harvested voltage, and the system voltage reference. The communication protocol for this data exchange is also discussed. Based on the results of these experiments, it is shown that a PSN-based network for monitoring transmission systems should be feasible.
<scp>HIV</scp>‐associated chronic immune activation (2013)

Systemic chronic immune activation is considered today as the driving force of CD4(+) T-cell depletion and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A residual chronic immune activation persists even in HIV-infected patients in which viral replication is successfully inhibited by anti-retroviral therapy, with the extent of this residual immune activation being associated with CD4(+) T-cell loss. Unfortunately, the causal link between chronic immune activation and CD4(+) T-cell loss has not been formally established. This article provides first a brief historical overview on how the perception of the causative role of immune activation has changed over the years and lists the different kinds of immune activation characteristic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The mechanisms proposed to explain the chronic immune activation are multiple and are enumerated here, as well as the mechanisms proposed on how chronic immune activation could lead to AIDS. In addition, we summarize the lessons learned from natural hosts that know how to 'show AIDS the door', and discuss how these studies informed the design of novel immune modulatory interventions that are currently being tested. Finally, we review the current approaches aimed at targeting chronic immune activation and evoke future perspectives.
Tbx5 drives Aldh1a2 expression to regulate a RA-Hedgehog-Wnt gene regulatory network coordinating cardiopulmonary development (2021)

The gene regulatory networks that coordinate the development of the cardiac and pulmonary systems are essential for terrestrial life but poorly understood. The T-box transcription factor Tbx5 is critical for both pulmonary specification and heart development, but how these activities are mechanistically integrated remains unclear. Here using <i>Xenopus</i> and mouse embryos, we establish molecular links between Tbx5 and retinoic acid (RA) signaling in the mesoderm and between RA signaling and sonic hedgehog expression in the endoderm to unveil a conserved RA-Hedgehog-Wnt signaling cascade coordinating cardiopulmonary (CP) development. We demonstrate that Tbx5 directly maintains expression of <i>aldh1a2,</i> the RA-synthesizing enzyme, in the foregut lateral plate mesoderm via an evolutionarily conserved intronic enhancer. Tbx5 promotes posterior second heart field identity in a positive feedback loop with RA, antagonizing a Fgf8-Cyp regulatory module to restrict FGF activity to the anterior. We find that Tbx5/Aldh1a2-dependent RA signaling directly activates <i>shh</i> transcription in the adjacent foregut endoderm through a conserved MACS1 enhancer. Hedgehog signaling coordinates with Tbx5 in the mesoderm to activate expression of <i>wnt2/2b,</i> which induces pulmonary fate in the foregut endoderm. These results provide mechanistic insight into the interrelationship between heart and lung development informing CP evolution and birth defects.
Interleukin‐7/Interferon Axis Drives T Cell and Salivary Gland Epithelial Cell Interactions in Sjögren’s Syndrome (2020)

These results suggest the presence of an IL-7/IFNγ amplification loop involving SGECs and T cells in primary SS. IL-7 was secreted by SGECs stimulated with type I or type II IFN and, in turn, activated T cells that secrete type II IFN. An anti-IL-7R antibody decreased the IFN signature in T cells in primary SS and could be of therapeutic interest.
Adhesion formation after peritoneoscopy with liver biopsy in a survival porcine model: comparison of laparotomy, laparoscopy, and transgastric natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) (2009)

Although this was a short-term study, with a low number of animals, it showed that transgastric NOTES and laparoscopy are associated with statistically significantly lower rates of adhesion formation than open surgery when peritoneoscopy with liver biopsy is performed. Incidence and severity of adhesions were lowest with transgastric NOTES.
Prolonged activation of innate immune pathways by a polyvalent STING agonist (2021)

The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an endoplasmic reticulum transmembrane protein that is a target of therapeutics for infectious diseases and cancer. However, early-phase clinical trials of small-molecule STING agonists have shown limited antitumour efficacy and dose-limiting toxicity. Here, we show that a polyvalent STING agonist-a pH-sensitive polymer bearing a seven-membered ring with a tertiary amine (PC7A)-activates innate-immunity pathways through the polymer-induced formation of STING-PC7A condensates. In contrast to the natural STING ligand 2',3'-cyclic-GMP-AMP (cGAMP), PC7A stimulates the prolonged production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by binding to a non-competitive STING surface site that is distinct from the cGAMP binding pocket. PC7A induces antitumour responses that are dependent on STING expression and CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell activity, and the combination of PC7A and cGAMP led to synergistic therapeutic outcomes (including the activation of cGAMP-resistant STING variants) in mice bearing subcutaneous tumours and in resected human tumours and lymph nodes. The activation of the STING pathway through polymer-induced STING condensation may offer new therapeutic opportunities.
Supplementary Table 3 from Identification of Biological Relevant Minor Histocompatibility Antigens within the B-lymphocyte–Derived HLA-Ligandome Using a Reverse Immunology Approach (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 3. Expanded T-cell lines after first MHC-multimer pull down. Expanded T-cell lines after second MHC-multimer pull down.&lt;/p&gt;
Design and characterization of a novel battery-less, solar powered wireless tag for enhanced-range remote tracking applications (2009)

In this paper, a novel wireless "Battery-less Solar Powered Wireless Tag" with an enhanced range of a factor of 3–5 with respect to other passive tags is introduced for remote tracking applications. Power and wireless link measurements carried out between the tag and a commercial wireless sensor network receiver verify the feasibility of this technology for remote tracking deploying very low cost multi-hop wireless communication. It is the first time that a communication between an RFID and a wireless sensor network is reported — based on the convergence/co-design of five different technologies — thus tremendously enhancing the capabilities, as well as drastically reducing the implementation cost of RFID's, while leading to the first generation of truly “green” RF electronics.
Supp Fig S3 from MSH2 Loss in Primary Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Additional immunostains of the mismatch repair proteins in a formalin fixed and paraffin embedded primary prostate tumor with germline and somatic MSH2 loss from Figure 1. The tumor has bi-allelic inactivation of MSH2 and shows complete loss of nuclear staining for MSH2 and MSH6, while MLH1 and PMS2 are expressed. All photomicrographs are reduced from 200x.&lt;/p&gt;
Misfire Detection Using a Neural Network Based Pattern Recognition Technique (2007)

This contribution investigates the practical application of artificial neural networks to misfire detection in gasoline engines.The problem of misfire detection is formulated as a pattern recognition problem. A feed-forward multiple-layer neural network is used for the classification of firing and misfiring events. Emphasis is given on the trade-off between performance, computational cost and implementabilitv of the technique on a production electronic control unit (ECL). The developed technique is applied to a six cylinder gasoline engine to detect misfire events over the whole range of operation defined by official on board diagnosis (OBD) regulations. Experimental results on a passenger car are presented.