gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bis(functionalized NHC) Palladium(II) Complexes via a Postmodification Approach (2014)

A series of 20 bis(functionalized NHC) Pd(II) complexes have been conveniently synthesized through postmodification reactions of the common parent NHC complexes trans-[PdBr2(C3Br-bimy)2] (1a) and trans-[PdBr2(C3Br-imy)2] (1b) (C3Br-bimy = 1-benzyl-3-(3-bromopropyl)benzimidazolin-2-ylidene and C3Br-imy = 1-benzyl-3-(3-bromopropyl)imidazolin-2-ylidene) with an N-C3Br tether. Depending on the nature of the nucleophiles added, competing bromido ligand displacements also occurred. In comparison to the conventional access to functionalized NHC complexes, which involves metalation of individually prefunctionalized azolium salts, this highly modular method proves more effective in cost and time savings. The tetraalkylammonium-functionalized complex trans-[PdBr2(C3NEt3-bimy)2]Br2 (14) as a product of the second-generation postmodification of complex 1a was also tested for its catalytic activity in Mizoroki–Heck coupling reactions to study and model the effect of a catalytic amount of ammonium salt additive in Pd-catalyzed C–C coupling reactions. The ammonium functionalities in this complex exhibit a positive effect on the catalysis in comparison to its parent complexes.
Operational Anomaly Detection in Flight Data Using a Multivariate Gaussian Mixture Model (2018)

This paper presents a robust real-time aircraft health monitoring framework using a machine learning based approach, specifically the multivariate Gaussian mixture model (mGMM), for the detection of in-air operational anomalies of an aircraft system. Sensor fusion and noise filtering algorithms have also been adopted to reduce dimensionality of the feature space while avoiding the elimination of useful information from the original flight data. Random noise in each feature, induced by the aircraft sensors and data acquisition system, is filtered out using a weighted averaging window while maintaining inherent variances. The filtered dataset is then fused according to the underlying physics of each sensed feature to reduce redundant features and subsequently trained using the mGMM. The methodology allows monitoring the behavior of each feature as well as correlations between features, significantly improving detection sensitivity. The high computational efficiency of this approach permits real-time monitoring of an aircraft system.
Multi-Function Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna for 5G Small Cell Base-Stations (2021)

Conférence virtuelle
Prostaglandins and Male Reproductive Physiology (2004)

This chapter contains sections titled: Prostaglandins in Human Seminal Plasma Prostaglandins in Male Reproductive Tract—Androgen Dependence Immunosuppressive Activity of Human Seminal Plasma Effects of PGE on T Cell Function Effects of PGE on Co-stimulatory Signals and Anergy Tolerance for Spermatozoal Antigen—The Effect of Seminal Plasma Prostaglandins and Testicular Function The Relevance of Prostaglandins to Sexually Transmitted Disease Conclusions References
Virtual Acoustics: Evaluation of Psychoacoustic Parameters (1997)

Current virtual acoustic displays for teleconferencing and virtual reality are usually limited to very simple or non-existent renderings of reverberation, a fundamental part of the acoustic environmental context that is encountered in day-to-day hearing. Several research efforts have produced results that suggest that environmental cues dramatically improve perceptual performance within virtual acoustic displays, and that is possible to manipulate signal processing parameters to effectively reproduce important aspects of virtual acoustic perception in real-time. However, the computational resources for rendering reverberation remain formidable. Our efforts at NASA Ames have been focused using a several perceptual threshold metrics, to determine how various trade-offs might be made in real-time acoustic rendering. This includes both original work and confirmation of existing data that was obtained in real rather than virtual environments. The talk will consider the importance of using individualized versus generalized pinnae cues (the Head-Related Transfer Function); the use of head movement cues; threshold data for early reflections and late reverberation; and consideration of the necessary accuracy for measuring and rendering octave-band absorption characteristics of various wall surfaces. In addition, a consideration of the analysis-synthesis of the reverberation within everyday spaces (offices, conference rooms) will be contrasted to the commonly used paradigm of concert hall spaces.
Identification of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimer-Responsive Genes Using UVB-Irradiated Human Keratinocytes Transfected with In Vitro-Synthesized Photolyase mRNA (2015)

Major biological effects of UVB are attributed to cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), the most common photolesions formed on DNA. To investigate the contribution of CPDs to UVB-induced changes of gene expression, a model system was established by transfecting keratinocytes with pseudouridine-modified mRNA (Ψ-mRNA) encoding CPD-photolyase. Microarray analyses of this model system demonstrated that more than 50% of the gene expression altered by UVB was mediated by CPD photolesions. Functional classification of the gene targets revealed strong effects of CPDs on the regulation of the cell cycle and transcriptional machineries. To confirm the microarray data, cell cycle-regulatory genes, CCNE1 and CDKN2B that were induced exclusively by CPDs were selected for further investigation. Following UVB irradiation, expression of these genes increased significantly at both mRNA and protein levels, but not in cells transfected with CPD-photolyase Ψ-mRNA and exposed to photoreactivating light. Treatment of cells with inhibitors of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) blocked the UVB-dependent upregulation of both genes suggesting a role for JNK in relaying the signal of UVB-induced CPDs into transcriptional responses. Thus, photolyase mRNA-based experimental platform demonstrates CPD-dependent and -independent events of UVB-induced cellular responses, and, as such, has the potential to identify novel molecular targets for treatment of UVB-mediated skin diseases.
Biomechanical analysis of the centralization procedure for extruded lateral menisci with posterior root deficiency in a porcine model (2019)

The centralization procedure enabled a reduction of the meniscus extrusion in the lateral meniscus with posterior root deficiency and restored the maximum load and contact pressure to values close to those of the normal knee joint.
The effect of choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid in patients with peri-implantitis: an exploratory randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study (2021)

The results of this preliminary study suggest that CS-OSA may stabilize and even prevent further bone loss after surgical peri-implantitis treatment and support mucosal tissue healing. Trial registration The trial was retrospectively registered at ISRCTN registry, registration number: ISRCTN14348802, registration date: 24/06/2020.
Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Concentrations and Prevalence of Tumor Hormonal Phenotypes in Older Breast Cancer Patients (1999)

We examined the concentrations of estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) and the distribution of tumor phenotypes as a function of age in breast cancer patients. ER and PR concentrations were determined in tissue biopsies from 1739 patients with primary breast cancer, using ligand binding assays. Tumors were classified as estrogen receptor positive (ER+) or negative (ER-) and progesterone receptor positive (PR+) or negative (PR-) based on the presence or absence of receptor binding activity. Tumors were stratified into four phenotypes: ER+PR+; ER+PR-; ER-PR+; and ER-PR-. Significant positive associations were found between ER concentration and age (p = 0.0001) and between PR concentration and age (p = 0.0002). The median ER concentrations were statistically different by age groups, with the greatest levels in older versus younger patients. The prevalence of ER+PR+ tumor phenotype increased with age. In contrast, the prevalence of ER-PR- and ER-PR+ tumor phenotypes decreased with age. The median PR-to-ER ratio decreased with age (p = 0.0001), and this trend was attributed to increased ER concentration with age. The prevalence of ER-PR- and ER-PR+ tumor phenotypes is greater in younger patients suggesting that hormonal regulation of ER gene expression may be responsible for the observed age disparity of tumor phenotypes in breast cancer.
NIMG-23. AI-BASED CONNECTED COMPONENT MARKERS OF BRAIN PERITUMORAL MICROENVIRONMENT USING WATER RESTRICTION INFORMATION (2022)

Abstract PURPOSE Glioblastoma is the most aggressive adult brain tumor, with heterogeneous neoplastic cell peritumoral infiltration. Characterization of this infiltrative peritumoral heterogeneity is an unmet clinical need that could contribute to strengthening our understanding of this disease. We propose novel AI-based markers of infiltration using deep-learning (DL) based on water restriction caused by infiltration, identified by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). These markers could contribute to precision/personalized medicine, towards influencing clinical decision-making, including planning for biopsies, surgery, and radiation. METHOD: We automatically extracted peritumoral patches from free water volume fraction maps (FW-VF) of a retrospective cohort of 44 brain metastases and 66 glioblastomata patients and labelled them as high- and low- free water, respectively. An AI/DL model was then trained on these patches to distinguish differences in water restriction. Our trained AI/DL model was then applied on FW-VF of 264 hold-out glioblastoma patients (survival:0.43-76.9 months, age:21-88, 104 females) to generate a peritumoral microenvironment index (PMI) map quantifying infiltrative heterogeneity. Connected components (CCs) of high PMI values were calculated and their descriptive characteristics of size, number, shape, directionality, and spatial location, were extracted as AI-based markers. Gaussian mixture model clustering was then applied on these markers to determine if their representative infiltrative peritumoral heterogeneity can capture overall survival differences, by partitioning the patients into three clusters: low, moderate, and high risk. RESULTS The log-rank test yielded significant differences (p&amp;lt; 10-5) between low- and high-risk patients, (HR= 0.47, 95% CI:0.34-0.65; P&amp;lt; 0.005). Average PMI values were significantly greater in high-risk patients (P&amp;lt; 0.05). CONCLUSION We introduced novel AI-based markers of infiltration in the peritumoral microenvironment, using information of water restriction extracted from DTI. Our proposed markers can capture overall survival differences, based on the patterns of infiltration using DTI-based characterization of the water restriction, that show promise as clinically relevant prognostic biomarkers.
Flexible Transmission Enabled by Novel M2-QAM Formats with Record Distance - Spectral Efficiency Tuneability (2018)

We propose a variable M2-QAM format and coding scheme and demonstrate record distance — spectral efficiency tuneability by 6.4 bit/s/Hz and ΔL≈18x, respectively, at 400 and 600 Gb/s per carrier and report record terrestrial reach for high spectral efficient up to 256QAM.
Hearing Aid Treatment for Patients with Mixed Hearing Loss. Part II: Speech Recognition in Comparison to Direct Acoustic Cochlear Stimulation (2020)

Limitations of outcomes in mixed hearing loss individuals due to insufficient hearing aid performance can be accurately predicted by applying a commonly used fitting rule and the 35-dB dynamic range rule on the hearing aid specifications. Evidently, when outcomes in patients with mixed hearing loss using the most powerful hearing aids are insufficient, bypassing the middle ear with a powerful active middle ear implant or direct acoustic implant can be a promising alternative treatment.
Associative Interactions in Crowded Solutions of Biopolymers Counteract Depletion Effects (2015)

The cytosol of Escherichia coli is an extremely crowded environment, containing high concentrations of biopolymers which occupy 20-30% of the available volume. Such conditions are expected to yield depletion forces, which strongly promote macromolecular complexation. However, crowded macromolecule solutions, like the cytosol, are very prone to nonspecific associative interactions that can potentially counteract depletion. It remains unclear how the cytosol balances these opposing interactions. We used a FRET-based probe to systematically study depletion in vitro in different crowded environments, including a cytosolic mimic, E. coli lysate. We also studied bundle formation of FtsZ protofilaments under identical crowded conditions as a probe for depletion interactions at much larger overlap volumes of the probe molecule. The FRET probe showed a more compact conformation in synthetic crowding agents, suggesting strong depletion interactions. However, depletion was completely negated in cell lysate and other protein crowding agents, where the FRET probe even occupied slightly more volume. In contrast, bundle formation of FtsZ protofilaments proceeded as readily in E. coli lysate and other protein solutions as in synthetic crowding agents. Our experimental results and model suggest that, in crowded biopolymer solutions, associative interactions counterbalance depletion forces for small macromolecules. Furthermore, the net effects of macromolecular crowding will be dependent on both the size of the macromolecule and its associative interactions with the crowded background.
DURATION OF DELAYED GRAFT FUNCTION PREDICTS LONG TERM GRAFT SURVIVAL NEED FOR DIALYSIS IS NOT AN OPTIMAL CRITERIUM (1998)

595 Introduction: we reviewed 843 first cadaver kidney transplants consecutively performed between 1986 and 1995 at our center to examine the effect on long term graft survival of the duration of delayed graft function(DGF) which was defined as the time taken for the kidney to attain the threshold of a Cockcroft calculated creatinine clearance (cCrCl) >= 10 mL/min. Patients and methods: All parameters were double checked before validation for the study. Using a multivariate Cox survival analysis we evaluated the consequences of DGF on 10 years graft survival. Then, by a regression analysis, we identified the factors contributing to the occurrence of DGF. Finally, using a Kaplan Meier analysis we compared the profiles of graft failure according to the duration of DGF. Results: DGF of 6 days appeared as a cut-off point that marked a significant difference of 12% in long term graft survival rate (p<0.0001). Further extension of the duration of DGF (ie: > 6 days) was not associated with a further worsening of graft survival, except in DGF >=30 days. Defining DGF in term of cCrCl rather than the necessity for dialysis after transplantation allowed better prediction of long term graft loss. Indeed, patients with a Cockcroft-based DGF > 6 days who did not require dialysis (12%) had a significantly poorer long term graft outcome than those with a DGF =< 6 days (p<0.001). Conclusion: our results suggest a treshold effect in the DGF-related lesions that ultimately result in long-term functional deficiency. In addition, the need for post-transplant dialysis is not an adequate criterium for DGF in terms of long-term outcome prediction.
Opinion Dynamics on Correlated Subjects in Social Networks (2019)

Understanding the evolution of collective beliefs is of critical importance to get insights on the political trends as well as on social tastes and opinions. In particular, it is pivotal to develop analytical models that can predict the beliefs dynamics and capture the interdependence of opinions on different subjects. In this article we tackle this issue also accounting for the individual endogenous process of opinion evolution, as well as repulsive interactions between individuals' opinions that may arise in the presence of an adversarial attitude of the individuals. Using a mean field approach, we characterize the time evolution of opinions of a large population of individuals through a multidimensional Fokker-Planck equation, and we identify the conditions under which stability holds. Finally, we derive the steady-state opinion distribution as a function of the individuals' personality and of the existing social interactions. Our numerical results show interesting dynamics in the collective beliefs of different social communities, and they highlight the effect of correlated subjects as well as of individuals with an adversarial attitude.
New connexin32 mutations associated with X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (1995)

Analysis of the connexin32 gene in patients with X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease shows mutations distributed throughout the molecule, with all domains affected except the fourth transmembrane domain and the distal carboxy terminus. Sequence analysis of DNA from 19 unrelated patients detected six novel mutations and three previously reported mutations. Identification of additional mutations extends the distribution of connexin32 mutations in X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and shows that specific mutations recur in additional families.
Evidence for several independent genetic variants affecting lipoprotein (a) cholesterol levels (2015)

Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis-related events that is under strong genetic control (heritability = 0.68-0.98). However, causal mutations and functional validation of biological pathways modulating Lp(a) metabolism are lacking. We performed a genome-wide association scan to identify genetic variants associated with Lp(a)-cholesterol levels in the Old Order Amish. We confirmed a previously known locus on chromosome 6q25-26 and found Lp(a) levels also to be significantly associated with a SNP near the APOA5-APOA4-APOC3-APOA1 gene cluster on chromosome 11q23 linked in the Amish to the APOC3 R19X null mutation. On 6q locus, we detected associations of Lp(a)-cholesterol with 118 common variants (P = 5 × 10(-8) to 3.91 × 10(-19)) spanning a ∼5.3 Mb region that included the LPA gene. To further elucidate variation within LPA, we sequenced LPA and identified two variants most strongly associated with Lp(a)-cholesterol, rs3798220 (P = 1.07 × 10(-14)) and rs10455872 (P = 1.85 × 10(-12)). We also measured copy numbers of kringle IV-2 (KIV-2) in LPA using qPCR. KIV-2 numbers were significantly associated with Lp(a)-cholesterol (P = 2.28 × 10(-9)). Conditional analyses revealed that rs3798220 and rs10455872 were associated with Lp(a)-cholesterol levels independent of each other and KIV-2 copy number. Furthermore, we determined for the first time that levels of LPA mRNA were higher in the carriers than non-carriers of rs10455872 (P = 0.0001) and were not different between carriers and non-carriers of rs3798220. Protein levels of apo(a) were higher in the carriers than non-carriers of both rs10455872 and rs3798220. In summary, we identified multiple independent genetic determinants for Lp(a)-cholesterol. These findings provide new insights into Lp(a) regulation.
A Rare Tumor in the Adrenal Region: Neuron-specific Enolase (NSE)-Producing Leiomyosarcoma in an Elderly Hypertensive Patient (2008)

A 73-year-old Japanese woman was referred for examination of right flank pain and progressive hypertension. Abdominal CT incidentally detected a right adrenal mass 8 cm in size. The tumor exhibited isodensity by CT and contained high-intense lesion by T2-weighted MRI. Scintigraphy with (131) I-metaiodobenzylguanidine and (131) I-adosterol showed no abnormal uptake by whole body scan. Positron emission tomography scan with (18) F-2-fluoro-D-deoxyglucose demonstrated an exclusive uptake in the right adrenal mass. Adrenocortical hormone levels and catecholamine secretion were within normal range; however, the level of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was found to be markedly high. After controlling systemic blood pressure with an alpha1-blocker, the right adrenal tumor was surgically removed, along with the right kidney and inferior vena cava which adhered to it. The tumor was pathologically proven to be leiomyosarcoma, which was immunohistochemically positive with alpha-smooth muscle actin and negative with CD57, S-100 and c-kit proteins. Notably, NSE protein was massively expressed in the resected tumor. After surgery blood pressure was controlled with regular medication and serum NSE levels have since normalized. The possibility of leiomyosarcoma should be kept in mind in adrenal incidentalomas with rapid growth and atypical radiological images. Our findings suggest that circulating NSE levels may be clinically useful for early detection of recurrence.
Catecholamines in discrete kidney regions. Changes in salt-sensitive Dahl hypertensive rats. (1982)

Steady state levels of catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine) were measured by the use of radioenzymatic techniques in discrete areas of the kidney (outer and inner cortex, outer and inner medulla) dissected by a "punch" technique from frozen kidney sections of salt-sensitive (DS) and salt-resistant (DR) Dahl rats fed a low or high salt diet. All three catecholamines were present in all areas of the kidney examined. There were gradients of concentrations of each catecholamine in different kidney areas. Renal medullary areas contained proportionally more dopamine than cortical areas. The proportion of epinephrine with respect to the total catecholamine content was relatively high in the inner medulla. Genetic factors and the amount of dietary salt influenced the catecholamine content in specific kidney areas, and these changes were different according to the area considered. DS rats when fed a high salt diet presented increased systolic blood pressure but no increased levels of dopamine in the inner medulla nor of norepinephrine in the outer medulla and outer cortex. Results suggest that either the uptake, release, storage, synthesis, or catabolism of kidney catecholamines is altered in Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) hypertensive rats and suggest specific roles for each catecholamine in discrete areas of the kidney.
MAGSONDE: A Device for Making Angular Measurements on Spinning Projectiles With Magnetic Sensors (2000)

Accurate measurement of angular motion of spinning bodies with on-board sensors has long been recognized as a daunting task. Recent advances in magnetic sensor technologies have yielded devices small enough, rugged enough, and sensitive enough to be useful in systems that make high-speed, high-resolution measurements of attitude relative to magnetic fields when these sensors are installed on free- flying bodies.
Design Automation for RFID Tags and Systems (2017)

This chapter presents an extensible Radio frequency identification device (RFID) tag system. RFID systems are expanding rapidly with their applications in a wide range of areas. RFID systems consist of RF tags and RF readers or interrogators. The chapter provides some background on research and related work pertaining to RFID. It examines the physical layer design automation flow with examples of encodings used in active, passive, and near-field communication standards. The chapter describes the controller design automation flow with examples demonstrated for various RFID standards such as ISO 18000 Part 7 and Part 6C. One of the main components of an RFID system communication is the physical layer protocol employed to encode bits of information. The physical layer features for the bit encoding mechanism vary across various RFID standards. The user describes the features of the encoding scheme using a textual representation. This representation is created from a physical layer specification such as an RFID standard.