gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Features of Luminescent Bromo- and Iodohectorite Nanoclay Materials (2017)

The smectites represent a versatile class of clay minerals with broad usage in industrial applications, e.g., cosmetics, drug delivery, bioimaging, etc. Synthetic hectorite Na0.7(Mg5.5Li0.3)[Si8O20](OH)4 is a distinct material from this class due to its low-cost production method that allows to design its structure to match better the applications. In the current work, we have synthesized for the first time ever nanoclay materials based on the hectorite structure but with the hydroxyl groups (OH−) replaced by Br− or I−, yielding bromohectorite (Br-Hec) and iodohectorite (I-Hec). It was aimed that these materials would be used as phosphors. Thus, OH− replacement was done to avoid luminescence quenching by multiphonon de-excitation. The crystal structure is similar to nanocrystalline fluorohectorite, having the d001 spacing of 14.30 Å and 3 nm crystallite size along the 00l direction. The synthetic materials studied here show strong potential to act as host lattices for optically active species, possessing mesoporous structure with high specific surface area (385 and 363 m2 g−1 for Br-Hec and I-Hec, respectively) and good thermal stability up to 800 °C. Both materials also present strong blue-green emission under UV radiation and short persistent luminescence (ca. 5 s). The luminescence features are attributed to Ti3+/TiIV impurities acting as the emitting center in these materials.
Tight bounds on the error probability of coded modulation schemes in Rayleigh fading channels (1995)

This paper presents a tight upper bound on the bit error performance of coded modulation schemes in Rayleigh fading channels. Upper and lower bounds on the pairwise error probability are first derived. The upper bound is then expressed in a product form to be used with the transfer function bounding technique. This upper bound has the same simplicity as the union-Chernoff bound while providing closer results to the exact expression. Examples for the case of four-state and eight-state TCM 8PSK schemes are also given to illustrate the tightness and the application of this upper bound.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Cellular basis of tolerance to serum albumin in adult mice. I. characterization of T suppressor and T helper cells. (1978)

The surface markers and size of suppressor cells were determined in adult (BALB/c x C57BL/Ka)F1 mice which were tolerized with a single injection of deaggregated bovine serum albumin (BSA). Suppressor cells from the spleens of tolerazided donors were assayed in a cell transfer system in which graded numbers of cells were injected into irradiated syngeneic mice along with limiting numbers of T cells primed to BSA and an excess of B cells primed to DNP-BSA. Adoptive hosts were challenged with DNP-BSA in saline, and the anti-DNP response was measured. Suppressor cells were antigen specific as shown by the inhibitory activity of BSA-tolerant spleen cells on the response to DNP-BSA, but not to DNP-BGG. Suppressor cells were eliminated by in vitro treatment with anti-Thy 1.2, anti-Ly-2.2, anti-I-J subregion antisera and C, but not with anti-Ly-1 or anti-I-A subregion antisera. Neither unprimed nor primed helper T cells were detected in the spleen of tolerized donors after in vitro treatment with anti-Ly-2.2 antisera. Both helper and suppressor T cells from the spleens of primed or tolerized donors, respectively, showed a rapid sedimentation velocity (S greater than 3.7 mm/hr).
Characterization of an Additional Splice Acceptor Site Introduced into CYP4B1 in Hominoidae during Evolution (2015)

CYP4B1 belongs to the cytochrome P450 family 4, one of the oldest P450 families whose members have been highly conserved throughout evolution. The CYP4 monooxygenases typically oxidize fatty acids to both inactive and active lipid mediators, although the endogenous ligand(s) is largely unknown. During evolution, at the transition of great apes to humanoids, the CYP4B1 protein acquired a serine instead of a proline at the canonical position 427 in the meander region. Although this alteration impairs P450 function related to the processing of naturally occurring lung toxins, a study in transgenic mice suggested that an additional serine insertion at position 207 in human CYP4B1 can rescue the enzyme stability and activity. Here, we report that the genomic insertion of a CAG triplet at the intron 5-exon 6 boundary in human CYP4B1 introduced an additional splice acceptor site in frame. During evolution, this change occurred presumably at the stage of Hominoidae and leads to two major isoforms of the CYP4B1 enzymes of humans and great apes, either with or without a serine 207 insertion (insSer207). We further demonstrated that the CYP4B1 enzyme with insSer207 is the dominant isoform (76%) in humans. Importantly, this amino acid insertion did not affect the 4-ipomeanol metabolizing activities or stabilities of the native rabbit or human CYP4B1 enzymes, when introduced as transgenes in human primary cells and cell lines. In our 3D modeling, this functional neutrality of insSer207 is compatible with its predicted location on the exterior surface of CYP4B1 in a flexible side chain. Therefore, the Ser207 insertion does not rescue the P450 functional activity of human CYP4B1 that has been lost during evolution.
Microstructure dependence of fatigue crack propagation behavior in wrought magnesium alloy (2015)

This paper deals with the fatigue crack propagation behavior of rolled AZ31B magnesium alloy (grain size: approximately 40 ?m). Fatigue crack propagation tests were performed on single edge notched tension specimens at a stress ratio of R = 0.1 and a frequency of 10 Hz at room temperature. Loading axes were parallel to the rolling direction; fatigue cracks propagated parallel to the transverse direction (L-T specimen), parallel to the short transverse direction (L-S specimen). Loading axis was perpendicular to the rolling direction; fatigue cracks propagated parallel to the transverse direction (S-T specimen). The crack growth rate (da/dN) of the L-S specimen was several times lower than that of the L-T specimen in the examined stress intensity factor range (?K). Fracture surfaces of the L-T and L-S specimens showed many steps parallel and perpendicular, respectively, to the macroscopic crack growth direction. The da/dN of the S-T specimen was higher than that of the L-T and L-S specimens in the examined ?K. The fracture surface was covered by quasi-cleavage facets independent of macroscopic crack growth direction, and the fracture surface roughness at low ?K was larger than that at high ?K.
Evolutionally conserved plant homologue of the Bax Inhibitor‐1 (BI‐1) gene capable of suppressing Bax‐induced cell death in yeast<sup>1</sup> (1999)

The plant homologue of Bax Inhibitor-1, a gene described to suppress the cell death induced by Bax gene expression in yeast, was isolated from Oryza sativa L. (rice) and Arabidopsis. The amino acid sequence of the predicted protein was well conserved in both animal and plant (45% in amino acids) and contained six or seven membrane-spanning segments. Northern blot analysis showed that OsBI-1 transcripts were present in all tissues examined. The OsBI-1 cDNA suppressed cell death induced by mammalian Bax in yeast, suggesting functional conservation of this BI-1 homologue in the plant kingdom.
Effects of Ginger Phenylpropanoids and Quercetin on Nrf2-ARE Pathway in Human BJ Fibroblasts and HaCaT Keratinocytes (2016)

Quercetin and phenylpropanoids are well known chemoprotective compounds identified in many plants. This study was aimed at determining their effects on activation of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant response element (Nrf2-ARE) signalling pathway and expression of its important downstream effector phase II detoxification enzyme glutathione-S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) in BJ foreskin fibroblasts and skin HaCaT keratinocytes. Cell lines and their corresponding Nrf2-ARE luciferase reporter cells were treated by ginger phenylpropanoids and quercetin for 10 h and the level of Nrf2 activity was subsequently determined. Both, ginger phenylpropanoids and quercetin, significantly increased the level of Nrf2 activity. Subsequent western blot analyses of proteins showed the increased expression level of glutathione-S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) in BJ cells but not in HaCaT cells. Such phenomenon of unresponsive downstream target expression in HaCaT cells was consistent with previous studies showing a constitutive expression of their GSTP1. Thus, while both ginger phenylpropanoids and quercetin have the property of increasing the level of Nrf2 both in HaCaT and in BJ cells, their effects on its downstream signalling were mediated only in BJ cells.
Adhesion of PDMS Elastomers to Functional Substrates (2005)

ABSTRACT The JKR technique was applied to study the influence of interfacial reactions on the adhesion between functional elastomer gels and functional solid substrates. The gelation chemistry of poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) gels cured by hydrosilylation reactions was purposely adjusted to produce an excess of either silane or vinyl functionality. Hemispherical lenses of these materials were then contacted under load with a variety of functionalized solid substrates: poly(styrene-b-butadiene) copolymers with vinyl functionality, vinyl-terminated trimethoxysilane self-assembled monolayers, and α,ω-functional PDMS brushes terminated with either monomethoxy or hydroxyl groups. To rule out chain interpenetration effects, the molecular weights were kept below the entanglement molecular weight or immiscible polymers were employed on opposite sides of the interface. Significant adhesion enhancement was observed for most systems, indicating that a variety of different interfacial reactions can occur across the interface between PDMS elastomers and solid polymeric substrates. The overall nature of the adhesion enhancement found is consistent with the predictions of the Lake–Thomas theory for failure of elastomers, increasing linearly with the length and areal density of covalent linker chains that span the interface.
Area-efficient VLSI layouts for binary hypercubes (2000)

The hypercube is an interesting and useful topology for parallel computation. While hypercubes have been analyzed in graph theory, this analysis has done little to determine the minimum area required for realizations of the hypercube topology on two-dimensional chips. In a common VLSI layout of the hypercube, the hypercube nodes are placed in a single-row in numeric order. This paper derives an easily computed formula for the minimum number of tracks used by this configuration. For an n-node hypercube, the number of tracks required is roughly two-thirds of n. This result is also a useful upper bound on the number of tracks required under optimal ordering. In general, the number of tracks required is a function of the ordering, but finding the optimal order (optimal in the sense of requiring the minimum number of tracks over all orderings) is NP-hard. Finally, the formula is applied to more area-efficient and practical two-dimensional hypercube layouts. In general, it allows estimation of and control over implementation parameters such as area and chip aspect ratios.
Two Degrees of Freedom Control for Combine Harvester Header Height Control (2012)

This paper presents a two degree of freedom (DOF) controller for combine harvester header height control (HHC). Previous work [1] identified fundamental limitations to the tracking and disturbance rejection bandwidths for feedback control designs. In this work, we utilize H∞ optimal control design to ensure closed loop stability and robust performance, and augment a feedback loop with a feedforward control structure based on readily available Global Positioning System (GPS) information. The GPS provides anticipatory information of the field map elevation, which become disturbances to the header height control problem, to the feedforward controller thereby increasing the overall disturbance rejection bandwidth. Simulation results illustrate the performance improvements resulting from the two DOF design over the stand alone feedback controller. Additionally, an error analysis examines the effect of uncertainties from system modeling and field map measurements on the system performance.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
Soluble Ligands for the NKG2D Receptor Are Released during Endometriosis and Correlate with Disease Severity (2015)

We demonstrate a significant increase of peritoneal fluid NKG2D ligands in women with endometriosis especially in those cases presenting DIE. This study suggests that NKG2D ligands shedding is a novel pathway in endometriosis complex pathogenesis that impairs NK cell function.
Verifying the Construction of a Software Model from a Requirements Model. (2006)

A software model is the outcome of abstracting a set of relevant elements that contribute to the functional size according to measurement model. The purpose of this paper is to verify the construction of the software model when applying the RmFFP measurement procedure with computer science students. The RmFFP procedure was designed according to the COSMIC-FFP standard method for estimating the functional size of object-oriented systems from requirements specifications obtained in the context of the OO-Method approach.
N-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in the Emergency Department (2018)

In acutely dyspneic patients seen in the ED setting, age-stratified NT-proBNP cutpoints may aid in the diagnosis of acute HF. An NT-proBNP <300 pg/ml strongly excludes the presence of acute HF.
The hidden cost of the edge (2021)

Edge computing has emerged as a popular paradigm for running latency-sensitive applications due to its ability to offer lower network latencies to end-users. In this paper, we argue that despite its lower network latency, the resource-constrained nature of the edge can result in higher end-to-end latency, especially at higher utilizations, when compared to cloud data centers. We study this edge performance inversion problem through an analytic comparison of edge and cloud latencies and analyze conditions under which the edge can yield worse performance than the cloud. To verify our analytic results, we conduct a detailed experimental comparison of the edge and the cloud latencies using a realistic application and real cloud workloads. Both our analytical and experimental results show that even at moderate utilizations, the edge queuing delays can offset the benefits of lower network latencies, and even result in performance inversion where running in the cloud would provide superior latencies. We finally discuss practical implications of our results and provide insights into how application designers and service providers should design edge applications and systems to avoid these pitfalls.
The Role of Melatonin and Circadian Phase in Age-related Sleep-maintenance Insomnia: Assessment in a Clinical Trial of Melatonin Replacement (1998)

The present investigation used a placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover design to assess the sleep-promoting effect of three melatonin replacement delivery strategies in a group of patients with age-related sleep-maintenance insomnia. Subjects alternated between treatment and "washout" conditions in 2-week trials. The specific treatment strategies for a high physiological dose (0.5 mg) of melatonin were: (1) EARLY: An immediate-release dose taken 30 minutes before bedtime; (2) CONTINUOUS: A controlled-release dose taken 30 minutes before bedtime; (3) LATE: An immediate-release dose taken 4 hours after bedtime. The EARLY and LATE treatments yielded significant and unambiguous reductions in core body temperature. All three melatonin treatments shortened latencies to persistent sleep, demonstrating that high physiological doses of melatonin can promote sleep in this population. Despite this effect on sleep latency, however, melatonin was not effective in sustaining sleep. No treatment improved total sleep time, sleep efficiency, or wake after sleep onset. Likewise, melatonin did not improve subjective self-reports of nighttime sleep and daytime alertness. Correlational analyses comparing sleep in the placebo condition with melatonin production revealed that melatonin levels were not correlated with sleep. Furthermore, low melatonin producers were not preferentially responsive to melatonin replacement. Total sleep time and sleep efficiency were correlated with the timing of the endogenous melatonin rhythm, and particularly with the phase-relationship between habitual bedtime and the phase of the circadian timing system.
Energy transfer in one-dimensional molecular crystals: Direct and indirect energy exchange in the non-Boltzmann regime (1975)

Direct energy transfer between localized states via virtual coupling with the host states in one-dimensional molecular solids is demonstrated experimentally using optical and optically detected electron spin coherence techniques. The relative importance of direct transfer versus indirect transfer (which is characterized by the phonon-assisted promotion of the localized state to the band with the subsequent radiationless decay into a mobile exciton followed by retrapping) has been determined in isotopically mixed 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene crystals over a temperature range where the thermal energy of the lattice is insufficient to establish Boltzmann equilibria between the localized and delocalized states (non-Boltzmann regime). The results demonstrate that the transfer mechanisms between trap and host states are very sensitive to the trap concentration and the temperature of the lattice, and that direct exchange is dominant at high trap concentrations. Finally, the experimental results are compared with the theoretical expectations for excitation yields and trap-to-trap distances in the isotopically mixed crystals.
Vacuümfenomeen geassocieerd met een drievoudige cervicale wervelboog- en ligamentum flavum-anomalie resulterend in erge stenotische myelopathie bij een hond (2019)

Een zes jaar oude Amerikaanse staffordshireterriër met verminderde proprioceptie van de rechter voor- en achterpoot werd doorgestuurd voor verder onderzoek. Een drievoudige, cervicale stenose met dorsale ruggenmergcompressie en bijhorende myelopathie werden vastgesteld aan de hand van een computertomografisch en magneetcamera-onderzoek. Deze bevindingen waren secundair aan een proliferatie en hypertrofie van het ligamentum flavum en van de wervelboog. Vacuümfenomenen werden vastgesteld in de ligamentaire hypertrofie, een tot nu toe onbeschreven locatie. Chirurgische decompressie en revalidatie leidden tot volledig herstel.
Research on the Effect of Lubricant Oil and Fuel Properties on LSPI Occurrence in Boosted S. I. Engines (2016)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The effects of lubricant oil and fuel properties on low speed pre-ignition (LSPI) occurrence in boosted S.I. engines were experimentally evaluated with multi-cylinder engine and de-correlated oil and fuel matrices. Further, the auto-ignitability of fuel spray droplets and evaporated homogeneous fuel/oil mixtures were evaluated in a combustion bomb and pressure differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC) tests to analyze the fundamental ignition process.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The work investigated the effect of engine conditions, fuel volatility and various lubricant additives on LSPI occurrence. The results support the validity of aspects of the LSPI mechanism hypothesis based on the phenomenon of droplets of lubricant oil/fuel mixture (caused by adhesion of fuel spray on the liner wall) flying into the chamber and autoigniting before spark ignition.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Combustion bomb experiments confirmed that lubricant oil sprays have higher auto-ignitability than gasoline fuel components, and no particular effects of lubricant additives on ignitability were observed. However, under the conditions of the PDSC test, it was shown that the oxidative stability of fuel/oil mixtures is lower as the fuel/oil ratio is increased, and higher levels of calcium lubricant additives can bestow enhanced oxidation stability on some mixtures. These results indicate that calcium may promote autoignition during combustion under preheated and premixed mixture conditions, even though it plays an active role in preventing liquid phase oxidation.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;From this analysis, it is hypothesized that in real engines, certain lubricant additives, initially preheated by the autoignition of oil derived droplets, may give a greater propensity for subsequent flame propagation and abnormal combustion phenomena.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Functional Testing of Semiconductor Random Access Memories (1983)

article Free Access Share on Functional Testing of Semiconductor Random Access Memories Authors: Magdy S. Abadir Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CaliforniaView Profile , Hassan K. Reghbati Computing Science Department, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6 Computing Science Department, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Computing SurveysVolume 15Issue 3Sept. 1983 pp 175–198https://doi.org/10.1145/356914.356916Published:01 September 1983Publication History 158citation1,326DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations158Total Downloads1,326Last 12 Months165Last 6 weeks36 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Measured and Simulated Motion of a Hopping Rotochute (2009)

A new hybrid micro vehicle called the hopping rotochute has been developed to robustly explore rough and complex terrain. Unlike other jumping robots, the vehicle traverses an area by intermittently powering a small coaxial rotor system that allows the device to hop over obstacles of various shapes and sizes. A movable internal mass controls the vehicle's direction of travel, and the exterior shape and low mass center allow the vehicle to passively reorient itself to an upright attitude when in contact with the ground. This paper presents a dynamic model of the hopping rotochute used to assess the basic flight performance of the vehicle. The experimental methods used to estimate model parameters are described and comparisons between measured and simulated motion are presented. Basic flight performance predicted by dynamic simulation is reported, including maneuverability, jumping performance, and total range. The simulated results indicate that the hopping rotochute is capable of surmounting larger obstacles than current hoppers while being able to navigate with the use of a movable internal mass.