gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Case Report: When Two Is Worse Than One—Stereo Imbalance in a Case of Wavefront‐guided Scleral Lenses (2023)

SIGNIFICANCE Wavefront‐guided scleral lenses (WGSLs) reduce visually debilitating residual higher‐order aberrations. Although reduced higher‐order aberrations lead to improvement in monocular high‐contrast visual acuity (VA), the success of the lenses in everyday life depends on additional factors such as retinal contrast, binocular balance, and stereoacuity. PURPOSE This report describes a case where WGSLs provided improved monocular vision compared with scleral lenses (SLs) but reduced binocularity and stereoacuity. CASE REPORT A 48‐year‐old woman with moderate keratoconus right eye (OD) and severe left eye (OS) was fitted with SLs and WGSLs. Visual acuity with best SLs was 20/20 −2 OD and 20/25 −2 OS. Residual higher‐order root‐mean‐square (HORMS) wavefront error (6 mm pupil) was 0.56 μm OD and 1.38 μm OS. Visual acuity with WGSLs was 20/16 −2 OD and 20/25 +2 OS, and residual HORMS was 0.41 μm OD and 0.98 μm OS. Monocularly, WGSLs were reported to provide better VA. However, binocularly, the patient reported an “imbalanced feeling” and preferred the SLs over WGSLs. Binocular VA at distance was 20/25 with SLs and 20/25 −2 with WGSL. To investigate, the Worth Four‐Dot test was performed, and the outcomes reported fusion with SLs but suppression OS at distance with WGSLs. Stereoacuity was 160 arc seconds at near and 120 arc seconds at distance with SLs and 400 arc seconds at near and &gt;1200 arc seconds at distance with WGSLs. Dichoptic contrast balancing showed a balance point of 0.48 with SLs and 0.17 with WGSLs, indicating a strong preference toward OD. Simulation of the patient's retinal image revealed a greater difference in image contrast between the two eyes with WGSLs. CONCLUSIONS Wavefront‐guided scleral lenses reduced HORMS and improved VA compared with SLs. However, in this case, it inadvertently caused binocular imbalance. As WGSLs become more widely available, future work should include methods to optimize binocular balance to maximize overall patient satisfaction.
Broadband and Compact Coupled Coplanar Stripline Filters With Impedance Steps (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <?Pub Dtl=""?>Novel broadband and compact stepped-impedance coupled coplanar stripline bandpass filters are presented, analyzed theoretically, and demonstrated experimentally. These filters are based on impedance step, capacitive gap, broadside coupling, and inductive shorted strip discontinuities, which are modeled in terms of impedance (<formula><tex>$K$</tex></formula>-) and admittance (<formula><tex>$J$</tex></formula>-) inverters. Broadside coupled coplanar stripline is analyzed for the first time by the even-/odd-mode decomposition technique using the finite-element method. The broadband and compact nature of the filters is explained from the discontinuities and the coupled line structures. Specifically, cross coupling is used to enhance the selectivity of both the low and high cutoffs, leading to triplet and quadruplet cross-coupled broadband filters with finite-frequency transmission zeroes. Due to their broad bandwidth, compact size, differential configuration, and low fabrication cost, the proposed filters represent excellent solutions for codesigned RF and microwave systems such as ultra-wideband transceivers. </para>
Evaluating the protective efficacy of a trivalent vaccine containing Akabane virus, Aino virus and Chuzan virus against Schmallenberg virus infection (2013)

Schmallenberg virus (SBV), an arthropod borne pathogen, spread rapidly throughout the majority of Europe since 2011. It can cause a febrile disease, milk drop, diarrhea, and fetal malformation in ruminants. SBV, a member of the Simbu serogroup within the genus Orthobunyavirus, is closely related to Akabane virus (AKAV) and Aino virus (AINOV) among others. In the present study, 4 Holstein-Friesian calves were immunized twice four weeks apart with a multivalent, inactivated vaccine against AKAV and AINOV. Another 4 calves were kept as unvaccinated controls. All animals were clinically, serologically and virologically examined before and after challenge infection with SBV. AKAV- and AINOV-specific neutralizing antibodies were detected one week before challenge infection, while SBV-specific antibodies were detectable only thereafter. SBV genome was detected in all vaccinated animals and 3 out of 4 controls in serum samples taken after challenge infection. In conclusion, the investigated vaccine was not able to prevent an SBV-infection. Thus, vaccines for other related Simbu serogroup viruses can not substitute SBV-specific vaccines as an instrument for disease control.
Effects of Cloricromene on Ischemia-Reperfusion Myocardial Damage in the Rabbit (1992)

Cloricromene, a compound with several biological activities which suggest a therapeutic role in thrombosis or ischemic disease, has been studied for its effects on the extension of myocardial damage and the production of oxygen free radicals during periods of ischemia and reperfusion. In twenty rabbits the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was occluded and cloricromene (3.6 micrograms/kg/min; n = 10) or placebo (n = 10) were continuously infused. After 50 min the artery was reopened and after 20 min of reperfusion a biopsy was obtained from the anterior wall of the heart in the LAD area and from the posterior wall (control myocardium) prior to sacrifice. Both samples were used for chemiluminescence measurement (free-radical production) and ultrastructural studies. In the placebo group all rabbits showed ST-segment changes during ischemia and reperfusion arrhythmias, while in the cloricromene group there were transient ST elevations in 4 animals which reverted at higher infusion rates of the drug. The chemiluminescence values were 18,017 +/- 1,956 and 8,583 +/- 918 cpm/mg protein (p < 0.001) in the anterior and posterior walls of the left ventricle, respectively, for the placebo group, and 7,767 +/- 992 and 8,333 +/- 832 cpm/mg protein (NS), respectively, for the cloricromene group. The ratio between the anterior and posterior wall was 2.27 +/- 0.37 for the placebo group versus 0.95 +/- 0.11 for the cloricromene group (p < 0.001). In ultrastructural studies, the anterior wall in the placebo group showed irreversible myocyte injury and infarction as well as mitochondrial damage. Samples from the cloricromene-treated group showed, in general, preservation of myocyte architecture or minor signs of injury. These results illustrate clearly the protective effect of cloricromene during damage induced by ischemia and reperfusion in the rabbit.
ANSAC: Adaptive Non-Minimal Sample and Consensus (2017)

While RANSAC-based methods are robust to incorrect image correspondences (outliers), their hypothesis generators are not robust to correct image correspondences (inliers) with positional error (noise). This slows down their convergence because hypotheses drawn from a minimal set of noisy inliers can deviate significantly from the optimal model. This work addresses this problem by introducing ANSAC, a RANSAC-based estimator that accounts for noise by adaptively using more than the minimal number of correspondences required to generate a hypothesis. ANSAC estimates the inlier ratio (the fraction of correct correspondences) of several ranked subsets of candidate correspondences and generates hypotheses from them. Its hypothesis-generation mechanism prioritizes the use of subsets with high inlier ratio to generate high-quality hypotheses. ANSAC uses an early termination criterion that keeps track of the inlier ratio history and terminates when it has not changed significantly for a period of time. The experiments show that ANSAC finds good homography and fundamental matrix estimates in a few iterations, consistently outperforming state-of-the-art methods.
Purification and properties of fructokinase I from Lactococcus lactis. Localization of scrK on the sucrose-nisin transposon Tn5306. (1991)

Two electrophoretically distinct proteins with fructokinase (ATP:fructose-6-phosphotransferase) activity were detected in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis K1. Whereas fructokinase I was induced specifically by growth of the organism on sucrose, fructokinase II was derepressed during growth on ribose, galactose, maltose, and lactulose. Fructokinase I was purified about 1000-fold to electrophoretic homogeneity (specific activity 112 units/mg). The amino acid composition, N-terminal sequence, nucleoside triphosphate, and metal requirement(s) of the enzyme are reported. Ultracentrifugal analysis showed that the enzyme was primarily dimeric with subunits of 33.5 kDa (+/- 5%). When completely reduced, fructokinase I migrated as a single protein (Mr = 32,000) by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, but in the absence of reducing agent two polypeptides (apparent Mr = 29,000 and 31,000) were detected. Isoelectric focusing also revealed two polypeptides (pI 5.6 and 5.8), and both species catalyzed the phosphorylation of fructose and mannose. Hybridization studies showed that: (i) a sucrose-negative mutant lacking the fructokinase I gene (scrK) retained fructokinase II activity and (ii) scrK is closely linked to scrA and scrB which encode Enzyme IIScr and sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase, respectively. In L. lactis K1, these genes and the N5-(1-carboxyethyl)-L-ornithine synthase gene (ceo) are encoded on the sucrose-nisin transposon Tn5306 in the order ceo-scrKAB.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of cis‐Vicinal Dimethanesulfonates with Te2‐: A Method for Converting cis‐Vicinal Diols into Olefins and Its Use in the Preparation of 2′,3′‐Didehydro‐2′,3′‐dideoxynucleosides. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
TCAD Simulation of Local Mechanical Stress Reduction by Use of a Compressive Silicon Nitride/Silicon Oxynitride Etch Stop Bi-Layer for CMOS Performance Enhancement (2006)

In this paper we investigate the mechanism of local mechanical stress reduction in CMOS transistors by improving the Inter Layer Dielectric (ILD) process. We changed the Etch Stop Liner (ESL) from single stack silicon nitride (SiN) to dual stack ESL SiN/SiON. We then simulate the stress in 2D for both n-and p-channel MOSFET, and investigate how an oxynitride (SiON) buffer layer under the SiN ESL can reduce the longitudinal (X) and the lateral (Y) stress in both n-and p-channel thus improving the overall CMOS performance. Our result shows that the dual SiN/SiON layer reduces the stress in the channel length, direction (Sxx), perpendicular to channel plane direction (Syy) and channel width direction (Szz). It is known that decreasing the compressive stress in the X direction improves NMOS but degrades PMOS. Our experimental data shows that the additional SiON layer reduces the stress in the channel, hence increases the electron mobility.
A gut microbiome signature for cirrhosis due to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (2019)

The presence of cirrhosis in nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease (NAFLD) is the most important predictor of liver-related mortality. Limited data exist concerning the diagnostic accuracy of gut-microbiome-derived signatures for detecting NAFLD-cirrhosis. Here we report 16S gut-microbiome compositions of 203 uniquely well-characterized participants from a prospective twin and family cohort, including 98 probands encompassing the entire spectrum of NAFLD and 105 of their first-degree relatives, assessed by advanced magnetic-resonance-imaging. We show strong familial correlation of gut-microbiome profiles, driven by shared housing. We report a panel of 30 features, including 27 bacterial features with discriminatory ability to detect NAFLD-cirrhosis using a Random Forest classifier model. In a derivation cohort of probands, the model has a robust diagnostic accuracy (AUROC of 0.92) for detecting NAFLD-cirrhosis, confirmed in a validation cohort of relatives of proband with NAFLD-cirrhosis (AUROC of 0.87). This study provides evidence for a fecal-microbiome-derived signature to detect NAFLD-cirrhosis.
Acidurias orgánicas: contribución al estudio de los errores congénitos del metabolismo (1992)

Los objetivos principales de esta tesis fueron: 1) creacion de un plan piloto en catalunya para el estudio de las acidurias organicas, abarcando los aspectos diagnosticos tanto pre como post natales, asi como los de seguimiento bioquimico y control del tratamiento, 2) investigar el perfil de acidos organicos en otras enfermedades metabolicas cuya sintomatologia clinica pudiera solaparse con la de las acidurias organicas. La metodologia utilizada fue la cromatografia de gases acoplada a la espectrometria de masas (c.G.-e.M.). La frecuencia de acidurias organicas, hallada en una poblacion de 1018 pacientes fue de 1:34 y la de perfiles anomalos de 1:9. En cuanto a los aspectos diagnosticos cabe destacar: la descripcion de un nuevo error congenito del metabolismo, aciduria -hidroxidicarboxilica y el hallazgo de dos marcadores especificos: piroglutamico para las enfermedades del ciclo de la urea que cursen con incremento de acido orotico y -hidroxisebacico para ciertas enfermedades peroxisomales. Por otro lado, se ha demostrado que la aplicacion de la c.G.-e.M. Es especialmente util para la monitorizacion del tratamiento, habiendose hallado: a) que ademas de la administracion de hidroxicobalamina. La de betaina y acido folico, son esenciales en los pacientes con acidemia metilmalonica, mutacion cblc, b) se ha puesto en duda el tratamiento con dosis bajas de biotina, en un paciente con deficiencia de biotinidasa, c)se han obtenido resultados discordantes entre los valores de la km en cultivo de fibroblastos y la dosis necesaria de biotina, en un paciente con deficiencia de holocarboxilasa sintetasa, d) se ha establecido que el pronostico de los pacientes con acidemia propionica guarda una relacion directa con la capacidad individual para normalizar los niveles de acido citrico. E) se ha propuesto la carnitina y no la glicina, como tratamiento a largo plazo en los pacientes con acidemia isovalerica.
Receptor binding mode and pharmacological characterization of a potent and selective dual CXCR1/CXCR2 non‐competitive allosteric inhibitor (2011)

DF 2156A is a non-competitive allosteric inhibitor of both IL-8 receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. It prevented experimental angiogenesis and hepatic I/R injury in vivo and, therefore, has therapeutic potential for acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.
Structure of Fungal Fatty Acid Synthase and Implications for Iterative Substrate Shuttling (2007)

We report crystal structures of the 2.6-megadalton alpha6beta6 heterododecameric fatty acid synthase from Thermomyces lanuginosus at 3.1 angstrom resolution. The alpha and beta polypeptide chains form the six catalytic domains required for fatty acid synthesis and numerous expansion segments responsible for extensive intersubunit connections. Detailed views of all active sites provide insights into substrate specificities and catalytic mechanisms and reveal their unique characteristics, which are due to the integration into the multienzyme. The mode of acyl carrier protein attachment in the reaction chamber, together with the spatial distribution of active sites, suggests that iterative substrate shuttling is achieved by a relatively restricted circular motion of the carrier domain in the multifunctional enzyme.
Spectrum sensing with multiple antennas (2009)

The primary signal detection is an essential operation for the secondary spectrum usage. In this paper we extend the covariance based detection for multiple-antenna receiver. The proposed method uses the noise power estimation and does not suffer from the noise level uncertainty. We analyze the detection algorithm and compute the distribution of the decision variable not only for the pure noise case but also for the jointly presence of primary signal and noise. By deriving the distribution of the primary signal in noise we are able to use the detection probability as the detector design constraint. Our analysis takes advantage of the high amount of samples available at the detector. The proposed method sets the foundation for the analysis of any detector that involves cross correlation, summing and squaring operations of samples.
Glycosylation and phosphorylation of arylsulfatase A. (1994)

The glycosylation and phosphorylation of the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase A was analyzed by a combination of metabolic labeling, tryptic fragmentation, mass spectrometry, and radiosequencing. The results demonstrate that all three potential N-glycosylation sites at Asn residues 158, 184, and 350 are utilized in arylsufatase A and carry high mannose or hybride type oligosaccharides. Phosphorylation of mannose residues is restricted to oligosaccharides at the first and third N-glycosylation site (Asn-158 and Asn-350). Both are phosphorylated with comparable efficiency. An earlier study had shown that a mutant arylsulfatase A containing only the second N-glycosylation site at Asn-184 folds correctly and is phosphorylated (Gieselmann, V., Schmidt, B., and von Figura, K. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 13262-13266). The lack of phosphorylation at Asn-184 in wild type arylsulfatase A therefore indicates that in vivo the presence of oligosaccharides can interfere with phosphorylation of other sites or that phosphorylation occurs in an ordered manner whereby phosphorylation of one site can affect the phosphorylation of another site.
Photonic-plasmonic hybrid single-molecule nanosensor measures the effect of fluorescent labels on DNA-protein dynamics (2017)

Current methods to study molecular interactions require labeling the subject molecules with fluorescent reporters. However, the effect of the fluorescent reporters on molecular dynamics has not been quantified because of a lack of alternative methods. We develop a hybrid photonic-plasmonic antenna-in-a-nanocavity single-molecule biosensor to study DNA-protein dynamics without using fluorescent labels. Our results indicate that the fluorescein and fluorescent protein labels decrease the interaction between a single DNA and a protein due to weakened electrostatic interaction. Although the study is performed on the DNA-XPA system, the conclusion has a general implication that the traditional fluorescent labeling methods might be misestimating the molecular interactions.
Elaboration of Sterically Stabilized Liposomes for &lt;I&gt;S&lt;/I&gt;-Nitrosoglutathione Targeting to Macrophages (2015)

S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is a potential therapeutic for infectious disease treatment because of its pivotal role in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses and host defense in addition to direct antibacterial activities. In this study, sterically stabilized cationic liposomes (SSCL) and sterically stabilized anionic liposomes (SSAL) were developed as nanocarriers for macrophage targeting. Elaborated liposomes were characterized in terms of size, zeta potential, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro drug release behavior and cytotoxicity. Their versatility in targeting monocytes/macrophages was determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Flow cytometry revealed that cellular uptake of both SSCL and SSAL was governed by several endocytic clathrin- and caveolae-dependent mechanisms. Quantitative assessments of intracellular nitric oxide demonstrated highly efficient uptake of GSNO-loaded SSCL that was twenty-fold higher than that of GSNO-free molecules. GSNO-loaded SSCL displayed strong bacteriostatic effects on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which can be involved in pulmonary infectious diseases. These results reveal the potential of liposomal GSNO as an anti-infective therapeutic due to its macrophage targeting capacity and direct antibacterial effects.
Prediction of Rotordynamic Performance of Smooth Stator-Grooved Rotor Liquid Annular Seals Utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (2017)

Circumferentially grooved, annular liquid seals typically exhibit good whirl frequency ratios (WFRs) and leakage reduction, yet their low effective damping can lead to instability. The current study investigates the rotordynamic behavior of a 15-step groove-on-rotor annular liquid seal by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), in contrast to the previous studies which focused on a groove-on-stator geometry. The seal dimensions and working conditions have been selected based on experiments of Moreland and Childs (2016, “Influence of Pre-Swirl and Eccentricity in Smooth Stator/Grooved Rotor Liquid Annular Seals, Measured Static and Rotordynamic Characteristics,” M.Sc. thesis, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, TX). The frequency ratios as high as four have been studied. Implementation of pressure-pressure inlet and outlet conditions make the need for loss coefficients at the entrance and exit of the seal redundant. A computationally efficient quasi-steady approach is used to obtain impedance curves as functions of the excitation frequency. The effectiveness of steady-state CFD approach is validated by comparison with the experimental results of Moreland and Childs. Results show good agreement in terms of leakage, preswirl ratio (PSR), and rotordynamic coefficients. It was found that PSR will be about 0.3–0.4 at the entrance of the seal in the case of radial injection, and outlet swirl ratio (OSR) always converges to values near 0.5 for current seal and operational conditions. The negative value of direct stiffness coefficients, large cross-coupled stiffness coefficients, and small direct damping coefficients explains the destabilizing nature of these seals. Finally, the influence of surface roughness on leakage, PSR, OSR, and stiffness coefficients is discussed.
Mouse Movement Trajectories as an Indicator of Cognitive Workload (2021)

Assessing the cognitive impact of user interfaces is a shared focus of human-computer interaction researchers and cognitive scientists. Methods of cognitive assessment based on data derived from the system itself, rather than external apparatus, have the potential to be applied in a range of scenarios. The current study applied methods of analyzing kinematics to mouse movements in a computer-based task, alongside the detection response task, a standard workload measure. Sixty-five participants completed a task in which stationary stimuli were tar;geted using a mouse, with a within-subjects factor of task workload based on the number of targets to be hovered over with the mouse (one/two), and a between-subjects factor based on whether both targets (exhaustive) or just one target (minimum-time) needed to be hovered over to complete a trial when two targets were presented. Mouse movement onset times were slower and mouse movement trajectories exhibited more submovements when two targets were presented, than when one target was presented. Responses to the detection response task were also slower in this condition, indicating higher cognitive workload. However, these differences were only found for participants in the exhaustive condition, suggesting those in the minimum-time condition were not affected by the presence of the second target. Mouse movement trajectory results agreed with other measures of workload and task performance. Our findings suggest this analysis can be applied to workload assessments in real-world scenarios.
Improving the stability of water-gated organic transistors for sensing applications (2013)

The instability of water-gated organic transistors is a major obstacle for their sensing applications in aqueous media. In the present work, we demonstrate that adding a fluorinated ion exchange me ...