gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Baseline Hemoglobin on Short- and Mid-Term Clinical Outcomes after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (2017)

Objectives: Anemia is frequently observed in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) patients and might impact clinical outcomes. Several studies indicate an impact of low hemoglobin levels on short and long-term mortality. However, most studies categorized the continuous variable hemoglobin, an approach known to lead to problems in analysis and interpretation (such as reduction in power and uncertainty in defining the cut points). Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the association of hemoglobin on short- and mid-term outcomes after TAVR using an alternative statistical method.
Regulation of the interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptor by IL-3 in the fetal liver-derived FL5.12 cell line (1994)

To determine the effects of a cytokine on cognate receptor expression in normal and neoplastic cells, the interleukin-3 receptor (IL-3R) complex was examined in the parental IL-3-dependent line FL5.12, which was isolated from fetal liver, and in autocrine- and v-abl-transformed derivative lines. IL-3 decreased the amount of the IL-3R alpha and beta chains detected on the cell surface of the parental IL-3-dependent cells. In contrast, high levels of IL-3R beta were constitutively detected on the autocrine-transformed lines in the absence and presence of exogenous IL-3. Only low levels of IL-3R beta were observed in the two v-abl-transformed derivative cell lines examined, which no longer required IL-3 for growth. The levels of the IL-3R alpha chain detected were similar in these transformed cells and were not regulated by IL-3. These results were substantiated further by RNA analysis, because IL-3 decreased the levels of IL-3R transcripts in the parental factor-dependent FL5.12 line. The pattern of IL-3R gene expression was opposite to that of other receptors or proto-oncogenes, because RNA transcripts for all other genes examined were induced by IL-3. We conclude that IL-3 tightly controls IL-3R expression in the IL-3-dependent FL5.12 cells, whereas steady-state mRNA levels were not altered in the two v-abl-transformed derivative cell lines examined in this study.
<i>Genea</i>,<i>Genabea</i>and<i>Gilkeya</i>gen. nov.: ascomata and ectomycorrhiza formation in a<i>Quercus</i>woodland (2006)

Genea and Genabea are considered ectomycorrhizal (EM) symbionts of higher plants, but because of their hypogeous habit, dark coloration and the small size of their ascomata, relatively little is known about these genera. Ascomata of six morphological species of Genea and one of Genabea were frequently collected at a single site in xeric Quercus woodlands of California’s Sierra Nevada foothills. While most collections were easily referred to known species, those putatively identified as Genea harknessii and Genea arenaria were problematic. Genea harknessii collections appeared relatively homogenous based on morphology, but significant ITS variation revealed by rDNA sequencing suggested cryptic species diversity. Specimens of G. arenaria approximated the brief, original species description except for abundant clumps of septate setae formed at the apex of peridial warts. To verify the identity of this species we reexamined the holotype and analyzed morphology and ITS sequences of G. arenaria ascomata from a wide geographic range. To authenticate the EM status of Genea and Genabea with Quercus we collected healthy EM of Quercus douglasii and Quercus wislizenii and compared their ITS sequences to those from ascomata. We detected nine distinct ITS types of Genea and Genabea on roots. Two new species described here as Genea bihymeniata sp. nov. and Genea cazaresii sp. nov., were discovered during study of herbarium specimens. A phylogenetic analysis of 28 s rDNA from Genea and Genabea indicated three distinct lineages: Genea, Genabea and a third represented by Genea intermedia. For the latter we propose Gilkeya gen. nov. to accommodate the single known species, Gilkeya compacta comb. nov. A dichotomous key to all known Genea, Genabea and Gilkeya spp. from western North America is presented.
Investigation of a novel Bragg reflector: partly gain-coupled DBR filter (1992)

A theoretical analysis of the properties of DBR filters and DFB amplifiers with gain gratings is presented. The results show that, contrary to the case of devices with only an index grating, no compromise is needed between selectivity and peak reflectivity. The properties of active DBR filters improve considerably if gain coupling is introduced.
&lt;title&gt;2.4 GHz wireless sensor network for smart electronic shirts&lt;/title&gt; (2005)

This paper presents a wireless sensor network for smart electronic shirts. This allows the monitoring of individual biomedical data, such the cardio-respiratory function. The solution chosen to transmit the body's measured signals for further processing was the use of a wireless link, working at the 2.4 GHz ISM band. A radio-frequency transceiver chip was designed in a UMC RF 0.18 &mu;m CMOS process. The power supply of the transceiver is 1.8 V. Simulations show a power consumption of 12.9 mW. Innovative topics concerning efficient power management was taken into account during the design of the transceiver.
Muftiphysles for topology optimization in HEMS (2005)

To date, coupled simulation environments for MEMS devices have been implemented in a variety of commercial and free software. However, structural optimization for the multiphysics case is not well addressed until now. In most implementations, the optimization algorithm merely follows the traditional single-field problem case, in which the design variables and sensitivity are updated sequentially. This paper presents a promising methodology to implement structure topology optimization via a fully-coupled partial differential equation (PDE) expression. The multiphysical structural optimization capability is integrated through specially derived Lagrange-Euler equations. An example of structure topology optimization which includes coupled effects is presented in order to demonstrate the feasibility and power of this methodology.
A Comprehensive CFD Study of Tile Flow Rate Distribution in a Compact Data Center Laboratory (2020)

Cooling air in data center is most commonly supplied by Computer Room Air Handler (CRAH) units through a raised-floor plenum and is eventually delivered through perforated tiles into the computer room. The flow rate distribution on perforated tiles is crucial to the amount of cooling air delivered to rack units in the cold aisle, which dominates the cooling effect of the entire computer room. Among many factors affecting the flow rate distribution, plenum modeling is one of the most important factors. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools are usually applied to predict the temperature and velocity profile in data centers. However, most of literatures in the past focused on perforated tile modeling and server modeling in the computer room. Plenum was usually intentionally neglected and flow rate on the perforated tiles were specified as boundary conditions. It was also reported [1] that the prediction of the flow rate distribution was difficult. This paper studies the tile flow rate distribution based on CFD simulation. The CFD result was then compared with the result of an experiment taken in Georgia Tech.
Discovery of Indolone Acetamides as Novel SV2A Ligands with Improved Potency Toward Seizure Suppression (2009)

Capitalizing on the proven clinical efficacy of levetiracetam as an antiepileptic drug, a drug discovery program lead to the identification of a new generation of SV2A ligands with equal or better tolerability profiles than levetiracetam, and improved potency toward seizure suppression in animal models.
Experimental Evaluation of the Vascular Effects and Transport of an Iodinated Macromolecular Contrast Medium (1997)

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES For assessment of the tissue blood pool and overall vascularity, macromolecular contrast media have significant advantages over low molecular weight contrast agents. The authors evaluated the vascular effect and transport of a new macromolecular contrast media(MMCM), an iodinated dextran polymer of 32 kDa. METHODS The new MMCM was obtained from dextran activated by carboxy methylation, followed by linkage with triiodinated aminophtalamid conjugates. To detect whether the tracer induces vascular leakage, MMCM (350 mg I/kg) was administered intravenously in 10 mice, or applied on the cremaster muscle of 26 mice previously injected with carbon particles; after 30 or 45 minutes, the cremaster was fixed and examined by optical microscopy. For investigation of the vascular transport 3, 5, and 15 minutes after MMCM administration, various tissue fragments were processed and examined by electron microscopy. RESULTS In all vascular beds examined, MMCM does not induce plasma extravasation and the probe was detected mostly within the vascular lumen. At the ultrastructural level, a small fraction of MMCM was found in endothelial plasmalemmal vesicles (endosome-like structures) and, in time, transcytosed to the subendothelial space. No intercellular junctions were permeated by MMCM. CONCLUSIONS The MMCM induces no vascular leakage and it is retained mainly in the plasma. Transport of MMCM is restricted to endothelial vesicles, which may explain, in part, its prolonged vascular space retention.
Biosynthesis of vitamin B12: studies of the oxidative and lactone-forming steps by 18O-labelling (1994)

A. I. D. Alanine, Y. Li, N. P. J. Stamford, F. J. Leeper, F. Blanche, L. Debussche and A. R. Battersby, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1994, 1649 DOI: 10.1039/C39940001649
Biochemical and functional characterization of the Tn‐specific lectin from <i>Salvia sclarea</i> seeds (2000)

SSL, the lectin isolated from Salvia sclarea seeds, recognizes the Tn antigen (GalNAcalpha-O-Ser/Thr), a specific marker of many human carcinomas. Two-dimensional electrophoresis, amino-acid and amino-sugar analysis, and MALDI-TOF MS showed that SSL is an acidic (pI 5.5), 60-61-kDa dimeric glycoprotein composed of apparently identical subunits linked by a single disulfide bond. The apparent molecular mass of SSL in solution determined by equilibrium sedimentation analytical ultracentrifugation was 59 +/- 9 kDa. This value did not change in the pH range 2.5-8.5, indicating that SSL does not associate into higher order structures. Tandem mass spectrometry and methylation analysis of N-glycans released from SSL by hydrazinolysis indicated that SSL possesses 2-3 glycosylation sites occupied with the typical plant glycans Manalpha1-6[(Manalpha1-3)(Xylbeta1-2)]Manbeta1-4 -GlcNAcbeta1-4(Fucalp ha1-3)GlcNAc and [(Manalpha1-3/6)(Xylbeta1-2)]Manbeta1-4-GlcNAcbeta1 -4(Fucalpha1-3)Glc NAc. The influence of adjacent Tn structures on the binding of two Tn-specific lectins (SSL and the isolectin B4 from Vicia villosa) and an anti-Tn monoclonal antibody (mAb 83D4) was evaluated using synthetic Tn glycopeptides. The binding of both lectins to the synthetic Tn glycopeptides was independent of the density of Tn structures. On the other hand, mAb 83D4 only reacted with glycopeptides displaying two or three consecutive Tn structures.
MSH2 deficiency contributes to accelerated APC-mediated intestinal tumorigenesis. (1996)

Accelerated intestinal tumorigenesis is probable in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, a condition associated with germ line DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene defects, and is believed to be caused by rapid accumulation of replication errors in critical genes, such as the APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) tumor suppressor gene. To study the potential contribution of MMR genes to accelerated intestinal tumorigenesis, we crossed the Min mouse, heterozygous for a germ line mutation of Apc, with an MMR gene (Msh2)-deficient mouse. MSH2 deficiency resulted in the development of many colonic aberrant crypt foci, as well as reduced survival of the mice, secondary to both a greater number and more rapidly developing adenomas. The mechanism of inactivation of the wild-type Apc allele depended on MSH2 status. In the presence of functional MSH2, all tumors demonstrated loss of heterozygosity. In contrast, whereas all adenomas were APC negative by immunostaining, only 5 of 34 adenomas from Apc+/-/Msh2-/- mice demonstrated loss of heterozygosity of the wild-type Apc allele, suggesting that somatic Apc mutations are responsible for the additional tumors. These findings provide evidence for the important role of MMR genes in accelerated intestinal tumorigenesis, thus supporting more aggressive surveillance strategies to prevent colorectal cancer in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer.
Preclinical study of pharmacokinetic ADME processes of phenosanic acid &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; (2022)

BACKGROUND: Phenosanic acid is a synthetic antioxidant, the active ingredient of the original domestic drug recommended for the treatment of epilepsy. To improve the effectiveness and safety of the use of phenosanoic acid, additional study of its pharmacokinetic properties is necessary. AIM: To study the pharmacokinetic parameters of the active ingredient of the drug Dibufelon, capsule 200 mg (LLC Piq-Pharma, Russia) in vitro and in vivo systems in rats after single administration in one dose. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Phenosanic acid binding to blood plasma proteins, microsomal stability and permeability through the monolayer of Caco-2 cells were evaluated in in vitro tests. The pharmacokinetics parameters were studied after a single intragastric administration in Wistar rats in dose of 80 mg/kg. The samples were analyzed by HPLC-UV. RESULTS: A high variability in the degree of binding of phenosanic acid to blood plasma proteins by 2065% depending on the concentration was revealed, relatively high microsomal stability (half-life 1106 789 min, internal clearance 2.05 0.86 l/min/mg protein of liver microsome; residual content after 60 min incubation 87.9 7.8%) and the ability to penetrate through the monolayer of cells Caco-2. The rapid absorbtion of the substance into the systemic bloodstream was established its maximum concentration in blood plasma was observed already 3.6 1.2 hours after administration, and its slow removal from the systemic bloodstream the half-life was about 19 h, the average retention time was about 29 h. Phenosanic acid with different degrees of intensity was distributed to all the examined organs and tissues: kidneys liver brain omentum muscle, and invariably excreted in a small amount with urine and feces, about 0.04% and 5.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: As a result of the study, it was found that phenosanic acid is characterized by rapid absorbtion into the systemic bloodstream and a long stay in it invariably, which may be due to the peculiarities of its binding to blood plasma proteins and relatively high metabolic stability, revealed during the corresponding in vitro tests. The study of the permeability and transport of phenosanic acid showed that it can presumably be attributed to compounds with medium permeability and is not a substrate for the transport protein P-glycoprotein (P-gp). The study of tissue availability of phenosanic acid confirmed its entry into peripheral tissues, including the brain, which is the area of implementation of the anticonvulsant effect.
The Feasibility of Two Handheld Spectrometers for Meat Speciation Combined with Chemometric Methods and Its Application for Halal Certification (2021)

Handheld visible-near-infrared (Vis-NIR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy can be cost-effective, rapid, non-destructive and transportable techniques for identifying meat species and may be valuable for enforcement authorities, retail and consumers. In this study, a handheld Vis-NIR (400-1000 nm) and a handheld NIR (900-1700 nm) spectrometer were applied to discriminate halal meat species from pork (halal certification), as well as speciation of intact and ground lamb, beef, chicken and pork (160 meat samples). Several types of class modeling multivariate approaches were applied. The presented one-class classification (OCC) approach, especially with the Vis-NIR sensor (95-100% correct classification rate), was found to be suitable for the application of halal from non-halal meat-species discrimination. In a discriminant approach, using the Vis-NIR data and support vector machine (SVM) classification, the four meat species tested could be classified with accuracies of 93.4% and 94.7% for ground and intact meat, respectively, while with partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), classification accuracies were 87.4% (ground) and 88.6% (intact). Using the NIR sensor, total accuracies of the SVM models were 88.2% and 81.5% for ground and intact meats, respectively, and PLS-DA classification accuracies were 88.3% (ground) and 80% (intact). We conclude that the Vis-NIR sensor was most successful in the halal certification (OCC approaches) and speciation (discriminant approaches) for both intact and ground meat using SVM.
Stabilization of water‐in‐oil emulsions using a wax ester synthesized by a new homemade heterogeneous biocatalyst (2022)

Abstract BACKGROUND Cetyl palmitate is a wax ester naturally found in sperm whale spermaceti, and it is of importance in the cosmetics industry. International regulations prohibit the sale of sperm whale spermaceti, so it is now being replaced by pure cetyl palmitate obtained by a chemical route or from mixtures based on jojoba oil. Another alternative is to use an enzymatic route for wax ester synthesis. For such a purpose, a new heterogeneous biocatalyst was prepared by our research group via physical adsorption of Burkholderia cepacia lipase on aerogel modified with a protic ionic liquid (IB‐IL‐OPT). Its catalytic activity was compared with that of a biocatalyst prepared using a non‐chemically modified silica aerogel (IB‐Control). The objective of this work was to apply this homemade heterogeneous biocatalyst to cetyl palmitate synthesis via a direct esterification reaction in a solvent system and to test the final product as a stabilizing agent in water‐in‐oil emulsions. RESULTS IB‐IL‐OPT achieved maximum acid conversion of 95–100% under optimal experimental conditions established using a central composite rotational design: biocatalyst concentration of 14.8% (w/w), molar ratio of 1:1.3, 41 °C for 15 h of reaction under continuous mechanical agitation (200 rpm). The IB‐Control gave 58.8% acid conversion in similar conditions. IB‐IL‐OPT was successively reused for four cycles. The wax ester showed potential as a good emulsifier for virgin coconut oil. CONCLUSIONS The cetyl palmitate obtained via an enzymatic route without further purification showed good emulsifying potential, forming Pickering emulsions. This opens new perspectives for study and applications in the cosmetics industry. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Integration of Protein Kinases mTOR and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 5 in Regulating Nucleocytoplasmic Localization of NFATc4 (2008)

The target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling regulates the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of transcription factors in yeast. Whether the mammalian counterpart of TOR (mTOR) also regulates nucleocytoplasmic shuttling is not known. Using a phospho-specific monoclonal antibody, we demonstrate that mTOR phosphorylates Ser(168,170) of endogenous NFATc4, which are conserved gate-keeping Ser residues that control NFAT subcellular distribution. The mTOR acts as a basal kinase during the resting state to maintain NFATc4 in the cytosol. Inactivation and nuclear export of NFATc4 are mediated by rephosphorylation of Ser(168,170), which can be a nuclear event. Kinetic analyses demonstrate that rephosphorylation of Ser(168,170) of endogenous NFATc4 is mediated by mTOR and, surprisingly, by extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) mitogen-activated protein kinase as well. Ablation of ERK5 in the Erk5(-/-) cells ascertains defects in NFATc4 rephosphorylation and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. In addition, phosphorylation of NFATc4 by ERK5 primes subsequent phosphorylation mediated by CK1alpha. These results demonstrate that distinct protein kinases are integrated to phosphorylate the gate-keeping residues Ser(168,170) of NFATc4, to regulate subcellular distribution. These data also expand the repertoire of physiological substrates of mTOR and ERK5.
ChemInform Abstract: Non‐Covalent Synthesis of Organic Nanostructures (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Emissions of Reactive Organics from Oil and Gas-Related Combustion Sources (2020)

While methane emissions from oil and gas operations have been the focus of many recent studies, less work has been carried out to understand oil and gas-related emissions of non-methane organics. Much of the available information on this topic is decades old, contains few samples, and does not include the full speciation needed to understand the air quality and human health impacts of these important emission sources. We have engaged in several recent projects to better understand the magnitude and speciation of non-methane organic compound emissions from oil and gas sources. This presentation focuses on findings from deployments of 17 portable sample collection stations around Utah&rsquo;s Uinta Basin. We used these stations to collect hundreds of atmospheric samples in several deployment configurations over two years and analyzed the samples for a suite of 72 volatile organics, including hydrocarbons, alcohols, and carbonyls. We found that concentrations of reactive organics, including alkenes and aldehydes, were higher in areas dominated by oil development compared to areas dominated by gas development. Ethylene and propylene stood out in particular, with a few samples exhibiting ethylene+propylene concentrations higher than the sum of all alkanes. Overall, alkenes were more than 10% of total organics in oil-dominated areas, compared with just 2% in gas-dominated areas, and aldehydes were significantly higher in oil-dominated areas as well. What is more, light alkenes were responsible for about 40% of the total ozone reactivity of atmospheric organics in the oil-producing Uinta Basin, and carbonyls accounted for 10%. Most oil wells in the Uinta Basin utilize two-stroke, rich-burning artificial lift engines to bring oil to the surface, while gas wells do not. Combustion processes like those from engines are known to emit alkenes and aldehydes, and rich-burn conditions are associated with incomplete combustion and increased emissions of reactive organics. Recent direct emissions measurements also point to artificial lift engines as the probable source of elevated alkenes and aldehydes in the oil-producing Uinta Basin. These lines of evidence together show that emissions of reactive organics from oilfield engines are likely higher than has previously been assumed.
&lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; antiviral activity of some novel isatin derivatives against HCV and SARS-CoV viruses (2008)

4-[(1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-ylidene)amino]-N(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidiny)benzene sulphonamide and its derivatives were evaluated for antiviral activity against Pathogenic viruses such as Hepatitis C Virus and SARS-CoV in Vero and Huh 5-2 cells, respectively. The 5-fluoro derivative inhibited the HCV RNA synthesis at 6 mug/ml, without toxicity at a concentration up to 42 mug/ml in Huh 5-2 cells. Among the compounds tested SPIII-5F exhibits the 45% maximum protection against replication of SARS-CoV in Vero cells.