gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Therapy of ankylosing spondylitis. Part II: Biological therapies in the spondyloarthritides (2005)

Therapeutic options for patients with active and severe spondylarthritis (SpA) have been fairly limited in the past decades. There is now accumulating evidence that biological therapy with agents directed against tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is highly efficacious in the spondyloarthritides, especially in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The TNF blocking agents currently available, infliximab (Remicade), etanercept (Enbrel), and adalimumab (Humira), are approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Europe and the USA. In contrast to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have limited efficacy in SpA. No DMARDs are available for AS patients with active spinal disease. Thus, for AS patients whose condition is not sufficiently controlled with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), therapy with TNF blockers may be considered as a first-line treatment. For infliximab, a dose of 3-5 mg/kg seems to be required, and intervals between 6 and 12 weeks are necessary to suppress disease activity continually. The standard dosage of etanercept is 2 x 25 mg subcutaneously (s.c.) per week. There are very few studies with adalimumab (standard dose in RA 20-40 mg s.c. every 1-2 weeks) in SpA. Infliximab and etanercept are now both approved for AS in Europe. There is some evidence that both agents also work in other SpA, especially in PsA. Withdrawal of long-term therapy in AS patients led to relapses of disease after several months. Less radiographic progression after 2 years of continuous treatment with infliximab compared to conventional therapy has been suggested in a small study. Serious adverse events on anti-TNF therapy have remained rare. However, severe infections, including tuberculosis, have been reported. These can be largely prevented by appropriate screening. The benefits of anti-TNF therapy in AS seem to outweigh these shortcomings.
Screen for Oxidases by Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide with Horseradish Peroxidase (2003)

Oxidases remove hydrogen from substrates, transferring it to molecular oxygen to generate hydrogen peroxide or water. Since oxidases catalyze fundamental synthetic transformations, including alcohol-aldehyde and aldehyde-carboxylic acid conversions, they have attracted attention as targets of directed evolution for further improvement (1,2). The co-product hydrogen peroxide can be detected by various methods (3) and provides a basis for screening oxidases in a high throughput fashion.
Autonomic sensor networks for future enterprise services (2011)

Abstract. As we move towards the “Internet of things”, it can be expected that millions of devices of different size and capability will be connected and interact with each other. That in conjunction with the trend towards a service oriented business infrastructures leads to increased complexity that has to be managed. Future enterprise services will interact with this vast number of devices and services that depend on them. Central management is not favoured and maybe even not possible. Intelligence will probably be distributed at several layers between enterprise systems and the devices themselves. Therefore the devices are expected to feature at some level self- * features such as self-management, self-healing etc, which in conjunction with cooperation capabilities will lead to self-sustained autonomic sensor-network infrastructures. 1
Secure optical memory system with polarization encryption (2001)

A novel secure holographic memory system with polarization encoding is proposed. Two-dimensional original data are encoded as a two-dimensional polarization distribution. The polarization state at each pixel is scrambled by a mask that changes the polarization state into a random state. The mask can rotate the direction of the principal axes of the elliptically polarized light and can change the phase retardation at each pixel. The light with the random polarization state is stored as a hologram that can produce the vector phase-conjugate beam. In the decryption the vector phase-conjugation readout can recover the original polarization state by use of the same mask used in the encryption. Experimental results of encryption and decryption with a bacteriorhodopsin film are presented.
Small-angle neutron scattering determination of macrolattice structure in a polystyrene-polybutadiene diblock copolymer (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSmall-angle neutron scattering determination of macrolattice structure in a polystyrene-polybutadiene diblock copolymerF. S. Bates, R. E. Cohen, and C. V. BerneyCite this: Macromolecules 1982, 15, 2, 589–592Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00230a073https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00230a073research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views485Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Glenn Fry Award Lecture 2002: Wavefront Sensing, Ideal Corrections, and Visual Performance (2004)

College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas Submitted September 26, 2003; accepted December 12, 2003. Raymond A. Applegate University of Houston College of Optometry 505 J. Armisted Bldg. Houston, TX 77204-2020 e-mail:[email protected] Dr. Applegate consults for Alcon, Sarver and Associates, and PolyVue.
From trash to resource: recovered-Pd from spent three-way catalysts as a precursor of an effective photo-catalyst for H<sub>2</sub>production (2016)

The synthesis and catalytic activity of a new effective catalyst for methanol and glycerol photo-reforming prepared using the valued product of a sustainable Pd-leaching from spent TWCs, are described.
WHEAT STRAW PULP FRACTIONATION PART 1. THE EFFECT OF CELLS, VESSELS AND FINES ON PAPER PROPERTIES (2013)

A study on the effect of fractionation of wheat straw pulp shows the effects of various wheat straw pulp components on paper strength. An industrial type pressure screen and hydrocyclones of two different sizes were used to produce fines and coarse fractions containing different amounts of parenchyma, vessel and epidermal cells. The vessels were found to behave more like fibers in the fractionation process, and this made it possible to create parenchyma and epidermal cellrich fractions. By gradually replacing the original pulp with the different fractions, it was seen that certain paper physical properties do not necessarily follow the expected trends. For instance, the fines fractions behaved very differently and, by fractionating the suspension, better bulk-strength ratios were obtained. The coarsest fiber fraction had the highest tensile and tear strengths, but the finest fines fraction gave the highest Scott bond values. By utilizing this information, the fractionation process and dosing ratios can be used to obtain high-strength papers without any negative effects on dewatering or densification.
A Scalable Solar Antenna for Autonomous Integrated Wireless Sensor Nodes (2011)

A novel scalable low-profile omnidirectional antenna that can be integrated underneath a solar panel is presented. The topology alleviates the effect of solar panel to the antenna while achieving a monopole-like radiation performance above a ground plane. A 72 × 72 × 11.5 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> solar antenna 3-D structure operating around 2.4 GHz demonstrates the potential of the presented configuration for the implementation of autonomous integrated wireless sensors nodes.
Features of vectorial modes in phase-coupled VCSEL arrays: experiments and theory (2003)

We present a detailed study of oxide-confined, vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) where the reflectivity of the top mirror has been patterned by means of a metal grid, which at the same time acts also as an electrode. Owing to their features, these kind of devices are commonly referred to as phase-coupled VCSEL arrays. The analysis is based on a joint experimental and theoretical effort: the former is devoted to a complete characterization of the emission properties, while the latter is based on a comprehensive fully vectorial model for the structure eigenmodes with the details of their complex structure. The detected characteristics make them quite attractive for various applications and the comparison of their modal properties with the model is proved to be essential for a deep understanding of these lasers. In particular, we observed and explain, for the first time, a characteristic behavior of the lasing array, which displays spatially inhomogeneous polarization characteristics with symmetry properties with respect to the array diagonals. The good matching between theory and experiment opens new perspectives for an optimized device, where the typical four lobe far-field emission is converted in a narrow central lobe: two different proposals will be discussed.
Pierre Morlon et François Sigaut (Quae-Educagri, 2008) : La troublante histoire de la jachère. Pratiques des cultivateurs, concepts de lettrés et enjeux sociaux (2009)

International audience
A nationwide population analysis of antenatal and perinatal complications among nurses and nonmedical working women (2016)

Our nationwide population-based study revealed increased risks of antenatal and perinatal complications among nurses compared with those among nonmedical working women. The large-scale observation of the increased antenatal and perinatal complications draws attention to the health issues faced by nursing personnel who represent one of the most important workforces in the healthcare system.
A METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING A PSEUDO SELF-DUAL NORMAL BASIS (2008)

Self-dual normal basis is efficient for the arithmetic operations in extension field and especially trace calculation. However, self-dual normal bases do not exist in when characteristic p is odd and degree m is even. This paper proposes a method to construct an efficient normal basis for trace calculation when extension degree is even. In this paper, we call it pseudo self-dual normal basis.
Enantioselective and Structure‐Selective Diels—Alder Reactions of Unsymmetrical Quinones Catalyzed by a Chiral Oxazaborolidinium Cation. Predictive Selection Rules. (2004)

The chiral oxazaborolidinium cation &lt;b&gt;1&lt;/b&gt; promotes Diels−Alder reactions between 2-triisopropylsilyloxy-1,3-butadiene and a number of unsymmetrical 1,4-benzoquinones in a highly enantioselective and structurally selective manner. The basis for the enantioselectivity is explained rationally in terms of a preferred type of transition-state assembly. Selection rules have been developed that allow the prediction of the principal reaction product of Diels−Alder reaction between unsymmetrical diene and quinone components.
Water‐Induced Self‐Blown Non‐Isocyanate Polyurethane Foams (2022)

For 80 years, polyisocyanates and polyols were central building blocks for the industrial fabrication of polyurethane (PU) foams. By their partial hydrolysis, isocyanates release CO<sub>2</sub> that expands the PU network. Substituting this toxic isocyanate-based chemistry by a more sustainable variant-that in situ forms CO<sub>2</sub> by hydrolysis of a comonomer-is urgently needed for producing greener cellular materials. Herein, we report a facile, up-scalable process, potentially compatible to existing infrastructures, to rapidly prepare water-induced self-blown non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) foams. We show that formulations composed of poly(cyclic carbonate)s and polyamines furnish rigid or flexible NIPU foams by partial hydrolysis of cyclic carbonates in the presence of a catalyst. By utilizing readily available low cost starting materials, this simple but robust process gives access to greener PU foams, expectedly responding to the sustainability demands of many sectors.
Intense Pulsed Light: A Methodical Approach to Understanding Clinical Endpoints (2021)

Greatest clinical endpoint response at 4-week follow-up was observed with more robust initial responses. This was most apparent at higher fluence levels and fewer pulse counts. However, when the IPL is pushed to aggressive parameters, there is risk of hypopigmentation and hair loss as seen in this case study. Skin type is an important consideration when using IPL and MSP adds to its safety profile. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021;20(2):203-207. doi:10.36849/JDD.5638.
G275(P) Home oxygen therapy: a drug like any other (2020)

<h3></h3> Home oxygen services play a vital role in supporting children with breathing difficulties with a wide variety of underlying medical conditions, many of whom will wean out of oxygen over time. However, unlike other medical prescriptions which need to be reviewed 6 monthly, oxygen continues to be supplied until the prescriber requests in writing for it to be removed. Our aim was to review oxygen prescribed in OLCHC. <h3>Methods</h3> Air Liquide, the main supplier of oxygen services, provided a list of all children prescribed oxygen between 1/1/2010 and 31/1/2019 by OLCHC and who are currently supplied oxygen. Clinical records were reviewed for data. <h3>Results</h3> 82 patients were prescribed oxygen over 8 years and are living all over the Republic of Ireland. Almost half (43/82) were prescribed oxygen for respiratory causes. The other causes were congenital heart disease (n=13), Trisomy 21 (n=10) and other (n=16). The median age was 3 (range 0.1–20.3) years at time of oxygen prescription. The length of time on oxygen was 2.7 (range 0.1–9) years. The main prescribers were cardiology, neonates and respiratory. 56/82 children were reviewed in OLCHC within the last 12 months. <h3>Conclusion</h3> On review of the notes it can be difficult to assess if children are still using oxygen particularly when many are often followed up by several clinicians and/or multiple hospitals. A formal review process should be put in place for children on oxygen so it can be titrated appropriately and removed in a timely manner when no longer needed. <h3>Discussion</h3> Any patient newly prescribed home oxygen therapy will automatically require a 6 monthly prescription as per the standard operating procedure. Improve 6 monthly prescribing of oxygen for patients. Slow introduction of 6 monthly prescribing of home oxygen to return/existing patients.
Highly Sulfated Nonreducing End-derived Heparan Sulfate Domains Bind Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 with High Affinity and Are Enriched in Biologically Active Fractions (2011)

Human fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) regulates cellular processes including proliferation, adhesion, motility, and angiogenesis. FGF2 exerts its biological function by binding and dimerizing its receptor (FGFR), which activates signal transduction cascades. Effective binding of FGF2 to its receptor requires the presence of heparan sulfate (HS), a linear polysaccharide with N-sulfated domains (NS) localized at the cell surface and extracellular matrix. HS acts as a platform facilitating the formation of a functional FGF-FGFR-HS ternary complex. Crystal structures of the signaling ternary complex revealed two conflicting architectures. In the asymmetrical model, two FGFs and two FGFRs bind a single HS chain. In contrast, the symmetrical model postulates that one FGF and one FGFR bind to the free end of the HS chain and dimerization require these ends to join, bringing the two half-complexes together. In this study, we screened a hexasaccharide HS library for compositions that are able to bind FGF2. The library was composed primarily of NS domains internal to the HS chain with minor presence of non-reducing end (NRE) NS. The binders were categorized into low versus high affinity binders. The low affinity fraction contained primarily hexasaccharides with low degree of sulfation that were internal to the HS chains. In contrast, the high affinity bound fraction was enriched in NRE oligosaccharides that were considerably more sulfated and had the ability to promote FGFR-mediated cell proliferation. The results suggest a role of the NRE of HS in FGF2 signaling and favor the formation of the symmetrical architecture on short NS domains.
Chemical, anatomical, and technology aspects of Eucalyptus benthamii and Eucalyptus dunii for use in an integrated pulp and paper mill (2015)

Eucalyptus dunii has been commercially used in southern Brazil because of its relatively good frost tolerance and adequate productivity in the winter months. More recently, interest has grown in cultivating Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden &amp; Cambage, which presents even superior frost tolerance compared to E. dunii and is highly productive as well. The quality of E. benthamii for pulp production is not yet proven. Thus, the chemical, anatomical, and technological aspects of pulp made from E. benthamii were compared with those of E. dunii for unbleached paper production. Samples of E. benthamii chips were obtained and analyzed for their basic density, chemical composition, higher heating value, trace elemental analysis, and chip size distribution. The chips were kraft cooked using conditions that produced a 74 ± 6 kappa number. The pulps were characterized for kappa number, yield, viscosity, and morphologic characteristics (e.g., length, wall thickness, and coarseness). Black liquor was analyzed for total solids, organics, inorganics, sodium sulfide, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate. Brownstocks were beaten at five different energy levels in a Valley beater, and the physical strength properties of 120 g/m² handsheets were measured to develop a beater curve. The results of this study showed differences in delignification between the two woods and lower pulp yield for E. benthamii , which are related to their chemical compositions and basic densities. The E. benthamii studied in this work exhibited higher amounts of lignin and extractives, lower carbohydrate content, and lower basic density. However, cooking a blend of the two woods afforded good results in pulping and in physical pulp properties.
[Indications and results of liver transplantation]. (1998)

Liver transplantation offers cure and high a quality of life to patients with otherwise incurable diseases. For patients suffering from chronic liver diseases or metabolic disorders, a life expectancy of less than one year or an unacceptable quality of life are considered to be indications for transplantation. For unresectable primary liver tumors without vascular invasion or tumor manifestations outside the liver long-term survival can be achieved with transplantation. Because of the enormous regenerative capacity of the liver, indication for transplantation can be difficult in case of fulminant hepatic failure, for which own criteria have been defined. In relation to the under-lying liver disease one-year patient survival varies from 60%-80%. Recurrence of tumors or viral hepatitis may have a negative impact of long-term outcome. Various indications and results are discussed in detail.
The molecular and cellular basis of exostosis formation in hereditary multiple exostoses (2008)

The different clinical entities of osteochondromas, hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) and non-familial solitary exostosis, are known to express localized exostoses in their joint metaphyseal cartilage. In the current study biopsies of osteochondromas patients were screened with respect to a number of cellular and molecular parameters. Specifically, cartilaginous biopsy samples of nine HME patients, 10 solitary exostosis patients and 10 articular cartilages of control subjects were collected and cell cultures were established. Results obtained showed that one of the two HME samples that underwent DNA sequencing analysis (HME-1) had a novel mutation for an early stop codon, which led to an aberrant protein, migrating at a lower molecular weight position. The EXT-1 mRNA and protein levels in chondrocyte cultures derived from all nine HME patients were elevated, compared with solitary exostosis patients or control subjects. Furthermore, cell cultures of HME patients had significantly decreased pericellular heparan sulphate (HS) in comparison with cultures of solitary exostosis patients or control subjects. Immunohistochemical staining of tissue sections and Western blotting of cell cultures derived from HME patients revealed higher levels of heparanase compared with solitary exostosis patients and of control subjects. Further investigations are needed to determine whether the low pericellular HS levels in HME patients stem from decreased biosynthesis of HS, increased degradation or a combination of both. In conclusion, it appears that due to a mutated glycosyltransferase, the low content of pericellular HS in HME patients leads to the anatomical deformations with exostoses formation. Hence, elevation of HS content in the pericellular regions should be a potential molecular target for correction.
Breaking wave forces on a vertical pile (2013)

A 3D numerical model is developed for simulating breaking wave forces acting on a vertical pile. This model is based on the viscous and incompressible Navier-Stokes equations for a two-phase flow (water and air) model and the volume of fluid (VOF) method for the displacement of the free surface. An application based on the Cut-Cell method is employed in order to install complicated obstacles in a computational domain. The free surface elevation, dynamic pressures, and breaking wave forces are calculated by the numerical model, and the computed results show a good agreement with experimental data. The numerical model can be used to estimate breaking wave forces on a vertical pile.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-3 from Comparison of Human and Rat Uterine Leiomyomata: Identification of a Dysregulated Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-3 from Comparison of Human and Rat Uterine Leiomyomata: Identification of a Dysregulated Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway