gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Repellency and toxicity of plant‐based essential oils and their constituents against <i>Diaphorina citri</i> Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) (2010)

Abstract The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, vectors Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), the presumed causal agent of huanglongbing. D. citri generally rely on olfaction and vision for detection of host cues. Certain plant volatiles and plant‐derived essential oil products are known to repel several arthropod species and are considered minimum‐risk pesticides. We examined the effect of five essential oils and eight chemicals previously reported to have activity against various insect species on D. citri behaviour in a two‐port divided T‐olfactometer in an effort to identify repellents for further consideration and testing as crop protectants for D. citi. Volatiles from essential oils of coriander, lavender, rose, thyme, tea tree oil and 2‐undecanone, a major constituent of rue oil repelled D. citri adults compared with clean air. Also, coriander, lavender, rose and thyme oil inhibited the response of D. citri when co‐presented with citrus leaves. Volatiles from eugenol, eucalyptol, carvacrol, β‐caryophyllene, α‐pinene, α‐gurjunene and linalool did not repel D. citri adults compared with clean air. In an effort to isolate the repellents and toxicants from effective essential oils, the headspace components of coriander and lavender oil were analysed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry and revealed that α‐pinene and linalool were the primary volatiles present in coriander oil while linalool and linalyl acetate were the primary volatiles present in lavender oil. Coriander, lavender and garlic chive oils were also highly toxic to D. citri when evaluated as contact action insecticides using a topical application technique. The LC 50 values for these three oils ranged between 0.16 and 0.25 μg/ D. citri adult while LC 50 values for rose and thyme oil ranged between 2.45 and 17.26 μg/insect.
Leakage Power Analysis attacks: Effectiveness on DPA resistant logic styles under process variations (2011)

In this paper, the effectiveness of the recently proposed Leakage Power Analysis (LPA) attacks to cryptographic circuits is analyzed in the presence of process variations. Reference circuits (e.g., S-BOX, crypto core) were designed in various logic styles, and their robustness against LPA attacks was comparatively evaluated through Monte Carlo simulations in 65 nm. Analysis allowed for better understanding the impact that process variations have on the outcome of LPA attacks, which is an aspect that is not understood currently. Results show that LPA attacks are rather effective also under die-to-die and within-die process variations. Moreover, the comparison between different logic styles showed that standard CMOS logic circuits are extremely vulnerable to LPA attacks. Other logic styles that are robust against traditional Differential Power Analysis (DPA) attacks were also compared. Interestingly, analysis showed that these logic styles are still vulnerable to LPA attacks. Hence, LPA attacks are an even greater threat to Smart Cards information security, compared to DPA attacks. Moreover, traditional methods to protect Smart Cards against DPA attacks are ineffective in counteracting LPA attacks, thereby showing that a significant research effort will be needed to counteract LPA attacks with suitable solutions that ensure high security standards.
Learner-aware Teaching: Inverse Reinforcement Learning with Preferences and Constraints (2019)

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) enables an agent to learn complex behavior by observing demonstrations from a (near-)optimal policy.The typical assumption is that the learner's goal is to match the teacher's demonstrated behavior.In this paper, we consider the setting where the learner has its own preferences that it additionally takes into consideration.These preferences can for example capture behavioral biases, mismatched worldviews, or physical constraints.We study two teaching approaches: learner-agnostic teaching, where the teacher provides demonstrations from an optimal policy ignoring the learner's preferences, and learner-aware teaching, where the teacher accounts for the learner's preferences.We design learner-aware teaching algorithms and show that significant performance improvements can be achieved over learner-agnostic teaching.
Total Variation Regularization for fMRI-Based Prediction of Behavior (2011)

While medical imaging typically provides massive amounts of data, the extraction of relevant information for predictive diagnosis remains a difficult challenge. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, that provide an indirect measure of task-related or spontaneous neuronal activity, are classically analyzed in a mass-univariate procedure yielding statistical parametric maps. This analysis framework disregards some important principles of brain organization: population coding, distributed and overlapping representations. Multivariate pattern analysis, i.e., the prediction of behavioral variables from brain activation patterns better captures this structure. To cope with the high dimensionality of the data, the learning method has to be regularized. However, the spatial structure of the image is not taken into account in standard regularization methods, so that the extracted features are often hard to interpret. More informative and interpretable results can be obtained with the l(1) norm of the image gradient, also known as its total variation (TV), as regularization. We apply for the first time this method to fMRI data, and show that TV regularization is well suited to the purpose of brain mapping while being a powerful tool for brain decoding. Moreover, this article presents the first use of TV regularization for classification.
Large Area High Density Sub-20 nm SiO<sub>2</sub> Nanostructures Fabricated by Block Copolymer Template for Nanoimprint Lithography (2009)

We developed simple fabrication methods to effectively transfer the block copolymer nanopatterns to a substrate material. High aspect ratio, sub-20 nm nanopillar and nanohole structures are successfully fabricated in a SiO(2) layer in large area format, and the versatile utilities of these nanostructures as nanoimprint molds are studied. Nanoimprint lithography using these molds makes it possible to easily replicate densely packed block copolymer nanotemplate patterns on arbitrary substrates in a short processing time by using a large variety of polymer materials, including functional materials such as conjugated polymers. In addition, the PDMS soft stamps with both nanohole and nanopillar pattern polarities, which are useful tools for soft lithography and transparent template applications, are also successfully fabricated using the pillar- and hole-type SiO(2) molds. These soft stamps provide an effective way to fabricate controllable as well as reproducible plasmonic metal nanostructures with tunable surface plasmon resonances.
FORCED CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER DURING DENDRITIC CRYSTAL GROWTH: LOCAL SOLUTIONS OF NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS (1992)

Abstract Numerical local solutions are obtained to the Navier-Stokes equations and energy equation for the region near the tip of a needle crystal growing in the presence of a forced flow in a melt of succinonitrile. The Navier-Stokes solution for P is essential identical with solutions using the Oseen viscous flow and Stokes flow approximation if the fluid Peclet number (Pe) is less than about 2. However, as Pe is increased, the solutions of the Stokes and Oseen viscous flow approximation overpredict the crystal Peciet number (P). The forced convection solution can be approximated by a power law form such that P=1·26St 1·06 pe 0·20 for 0·1<Pe<2·0. These forced convection solutions predict that the controlling mode of heat transfer changes when the growth velocity of the crystal is about the same as the convective velocity.
Supplementary Methods from Targeted Signal-Amplifying Enzymes Enhance MRI of EGFR Expression in an Orthotopic Model of Human Glioma (2023)

Supplementary Methods from Targeted Signal-Amplifying Enzymes Enhance MRI of EGFR Expression in an Orthotopic Model of Human Glioma
Crystal structure of (η4 -norborna-2,5-dien)-(1,2-bis((R,R)-2,5-bis- (methoxymethyl)phospholanyl)benzene)rhodium(I) tetrafluoroborate, [Rh(C22H36O4P2)(C7H8)](BF4) (2004)

Article Crystal structure of (η4 -norborna-2,5-dien)-(1,2-bis((R,R)-2,5-bis- (methoxymethyl)phospholanyl)benzene)rhodium(I) tetrafluoroborate, [Rh(C22H36O4P2)(C7H8)](BF4) was published on April 1, 2004 in the journal Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures (volume 219, issue 1-4).
Selection of housekeeping genes for gene expression studies in the adult rat submandibular gland under normal, inflamed, atrophic and regenerative states (2008)

Using NormFinder, our studies demonstrated the suitability of HPRT to use as a single gene for normalisation within the normal, inflamed and regenerative groups and GAPDH in the atrophic group. However, if normalising to multiple housekeeping genes, we recommend normalising to those identified by geNorm. For normalisation across the physiological states, we recommend the use of UBC.
An Evaluation of 8085-based Multiprocessing on a Timeshared Bus (1985)

A GPSS simulation of a dual-processor system showed the effects of instruction type, bus access length, guard band length, clock frequency, and clock synchronization on its operation.
A Novel Chromatographic Method Allows On-line Reanalysis of the Proteome (2008)

Liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization is widely used for direct analysis of polar and labile molecules by LCMS. The on-line coupling in LCMS is a major strength but also causes a principal limitation that each eluting analyte has to be analyzed immediately and is not available for detailed interrogation after the LCMS run. Here we developed a new chromatographic strategy, which removes this limitation. After column separation the flow is split, one portion is analyzed directly, and the other is diverted to a capture capillary. After the direct LCMS run, the flow is switched, and the portion stored in the capillary is analyzed ("replay run"). We describe a setup consisting of an analytical column, a splitting valve, and a focusing column, which performs at full sensitivity and undiminished chromatographic resolution. We demonstrate three principal advantages of this system: nearly continuous MS utilization, duplicate analysis without requirement for additional sample, and targeting of important but undersampled features in the replay run.
Clinical associations with stage B heart failure in adults with type 2 diabetes (2021)

In asymptomatic adults with T2D, age, systolic BP, BMI, and smoking history, but not glycaemic control, are the major determinants of SBHF. Given BP and BMI are modifiable, these may be important targets to reduce the development of symptomatic heart failure.
Large-scale screening for multi-stress tolerant yeast strains for bioethanol production (2013)

Second generation bioethanol production using lignocellulosic agricultural residues like wheat and rice straw, corn stover, sugarcane bagasse etc. necessitates the introduction of very high gravity (VHG) fermentation technology under undefined, potentially harsh conditions. However, industrial application of VHG technology in bioethanol production is often limited by the unavailability of a fermentative microorganism resistant to the wide variety of stressors commonly encountered in such fermentation. In addition, the appropriate tools and knowledge to select such multi-stress tolerant microorganisms and to make a scientifically proven choice of the appropriate candidate strains have been lacking until recently. In this study,a large yeast culture collection, consisting of about 700 Saccharomyces cerevisiaeand non-Saccharomyces strains from diverse origins, is screened in view of bioethanol production. The strains tolerance against, osmotic pressure, , halotolerance, ethanol concentration, temperature, and fermentation inhibitors like furfural and hydroxymethyl furfural as well as some heavy metals are studied. A high throughput semi-automated robot is used for spotting up to 96 strains per screening plate. After incubation, plates are scanned and growth is recorded and analyzed using dedicated software. The top candidate species as well as top strain for each species and for each desirable trait have been successfully identified. Cluster analysis shows clear differences in tolerance among species and among strains of the same species. In addition, strains showing co-tolerance against different traits are identified.
STEM: A Stochastic Two-Sided Momentum Algorithm Achieving Near-Optimal Sample and Communication Complexities for Federated Learning (2021)

Federated Learning (FL) refers to the paradigm where multiple worker nodes (WNs) build a joint model by using local data. Despite extensive research, for a generic non-convex FL problem, it is not clear, how to choose the WNs' and the server's update directions, the minibatch sizes, and the local update frequency, so that the WNs use the minimum number of samples and communication rounds to achieve the desired solution. This work addresses the above question and considers a class of stochastic algorithms where the WNs perform a few local updates before communication. We show that when both the WN's and the server's directions are chosen based on a stochastic momentum estimator, the algorithm requires $\tilde{\mathcal{O}}(ε^{-3/2})$ samples and $\tilde{\mathcal{O}}(ε^{-1})$ communication rounds to compute an $ε$-stationary solution. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first FL algorithm that achieves such {\it near-optimal} sample and communication complexities simultaneously. Further, we show that there is a trade-off curve between local update frequencies and local minibatch sizes, on which the above sample and communication complexities can be maintained. Finally, we show that for the classical FedAvg (a.k.a. Local SGD, which is a momentum-less special case of the STEM), a similar trade-off curve exists, albeit with worse sample and communication complexities. Our insights on this trade-off provides guidelines for choosing the four important design elements for FL algorithms, the update frequency, directions, and minibatch sizes to achieve the best performance.
Analysis of the external and internal quantum efficiency of multi-emitter, white organic light emitting diodes (2012)

We report on a theoretical framework for the efficiency analysis of complex, multi-emitter organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The calculation approach makes use of electromagnetic modeling to quantify the overall OLED photon outcoupling efficiency and a phenomenological description for electrical and excitonic processes. From the comparison of optical modeling results and measurements of the total external quantum efficiency, we obtain reliable estimates of internal quantum yield. As application of the model, we analyze high-efficiency stacked white OLEDs and comment on the various efficiency loss channels present in the devices.
Augmenting Memory Recall in Work Meetings (2018)

The proliferation of ubiquitous technologies has allowed us to capture increasing amounts of our daily life in digital format ("lifelogging"). While much work in lifelogging has focused on augmenting human memory in clinical settings, e.g., for people with dementia, the ability to recall our past obviously has also importance in one's work life. Being able to better recall a work meeting could improve coordination and collaboration among peers, ultimately raising overall productivity. To better understand the potential of memory augmentation technology for improving work meetings, we conducted a multi-week study with seven groups. Using a within-subjects design, participants in the experimental condition were, prior to a meeting, briefly presented with an automatically created memory augmentation aid (slides), based on captured data from a prior meeting. Our results show that a 3-4 minute exposure to our simple image-keywords slide deck prior to a meeting, increased our participants' ability to recall their previous meeting by up to 15 %. Our findings serve as an initial baseline against which future memory augmentation systems can be compared.
Search for new phenomena in dijet mass and angular distributions from pp collisions at <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll"><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>13</mml:mn><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mtext>TeV</mml:mtext></mml:math> with the ATLAS detector (2016)

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAM
Abstract 13384: Cangrelor Pk / Pd Analysesin Neonates After Palliation of Congenital Heart Disease (chd) (2020)

Background: Thrombotic events contribute significantly to early mortality in neonates with CHD requiring a systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt. However, thromboprophylaxis remains suboptimal with few pharmacological agents studied and shown to be of benefit. The P2Y 12 inhibitor cangrelor is effective in preventing early coronary artery stent thrombosis in adults. Cangrelor dosing and safety have yet to be established in neonates. Hypotheses: (1) Cangrelor administered by infusion will yield drug levels capable of inhibiting maximal platelet aggregation by &gt; 90% without causing an increase in bleeding. (2) A novel microfluidic technology can yield robust results related to inhibition of thrombus formation using significantly less blood than for LTA. Methods: This IRB approved, prospective, open-label, single-arm study was conducted between January 2017 and August 2019. Cangrelor, 0.5 μg/kg/min (n=7) or 0.25 μg/kg/min (n=8), was administered intravenously 6-10h after placement of a systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt (n=8), right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery shunt (n=6), or ductal stent (n=1) for 1h. Plasma levels and PD properties of cangrelor were determined, the latter by light transmission aggregometry (LTA) and microfluidic assay (MFA). Informed consent was obtained (NCT02765633). Results: 15 participants that received cangrelor had single ventricle physiology (12 of 15) and underwent a Norwood procedure (11 of 15). Cangrelor 0.5 μg/kg/min dosing met all PD endpoints, yielding a higher level of platelet inhibition (mean ± SD) than the 0.25 μg/kg/min dose as assessed by LTA (89 ± 11.4% vs 73.3 ± 16.9%, respectively). Results from MF studies were comparable but required 3-fold less blood for testing. PK analysis revealed rapid drug clearance with 86.7% of participants having undetectable levels by 10 minutes post-infusion and 70% with full recovery in platelet function at 1 hour. SAEs and AEs that occurred were not related drug administration, including bleeding. Conclusion: Favorable PK and PD properties of cangrelor 0.5 μg/kg/min dosing and an acceptable safety profile warrant further evaluation in neonates following palliative cardiac procedures.
1. Basic Concepts (2011)

Introduction A principle that is emphasized throughout this book is that the physics of any multicomponent seismic technology cannot be understood unless that technology is viewed in terms of the particle-displacement vectors associated with the various modes of a seismic wavefield. This material therefore begins with a discussion of seismic vector-wavefield behavior to set the stage for subsequent chapters. Several approaches can be used to explain why each wave mode of nine-component (9C) and three-component (3C) seismic data that propagates through subsurface geology provides a different amount and type of rock/fluid information about the geology that the wave modes illuminate. Some approaches appeal to people who have limited interest in mathematics. Other options need to be structured for people who have an appreciation of the mathematics of wavefield reflectivity. Another argument that can be used focuses on the fundamental differences in P-wave and S-wave radiation patterns and the distinctions in target illuminations associated with 9C and 3C seismic sources. We will consider all of those paths of logic. A principle that will be stressed is that each mode of a multicomponent seismic wavefield senses a different earth fabric along its propagation path because its particle-displacement vector is oriented in a different direction than are the particle-displacement vectors of its companion modes. Although estimations of earth fabric obtained from various modes of a multicomponent seismic wavefield can differ, each estimate still can be correct because each wave mode deforms a unit volume of rock in a different direction, depending on the orientation of its particle-displacement vector. Those deformations sense a different earth resistance in directions parallel to and normal to various symmetry planes in real-earth media. The logic of that nonmathematical approach appeals to people who are interested in the geologic and petrophysical information that multicomponent seismic data can provide and are less concerned about theory and mathematics.
Tunable Single Longitudinal Mode Tm-doped Fiber Ring Laser (2015)

We present a tunable single longitudinal mode Tm-doped fiber ring laser incorporating a self-constructed saturable absorption grating and a blazed grating with wavelength tunability of over 100 nm. The spectral and temporal characteristics of the laser output are described.
Potent, low molecular weight renin inhibitors containing a C-terminal heterocycle: hydrogen bonding at the active site (1990)

A series of low-nanomolar renin inhibitors containing novel C-terminal heterocycles has been designed by formally cyclizing the C-terminus of a glycol-based inhibitor to the second hydroxyl. Molecular modeling suggests that the heterocyclic oxygen hydrogen bonds as an acceptor to the flap region of renin and that the second hydroxyl in the glycol-based inhibitors behaves similarly.
Measuring Crystal Size in Cirrus Using 35- and 94-GHz Radars (2000)

Results are presented from a case study in which coincident 35- and 94-GHz radars located at Chilbolton, England, were used to measure crystal size in cirrus clouds. In the presence of larger crystals the 94-GHz radar scatters sufficiently beyond the Rayleigh regime that the difference in reflectivity factor measured by the two can be directly related to size. This enables more accurate estimation of ice water content than would be possible using a single radar. The small crystals at the top of the cloud scatter in the Rayleigh regime at both wavelengths, which provides a valuable method of calibration, but also means that sizing is not possible in this part of the cloud. Ice water content and median volume diameter were derived and compared with the analyses of the U.K. Meteorological Office Unified Model. The smallest measurable median volume diameter in this case study was around 200 μm, although it is believed that with both radars sensitive down to −35 dBZ, it should be possible to measure median diameters of 100 μm. Scattering calculations have been carried out to determine the sensitivity of these measurements to crystal density, crystal aspect ratio, and the shape of the size distribution. Density is found to be the most significant source of uncertainty, possibly introducing errors of 20% into retrieved diameter.