gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Effects of Oat Bran and Low-Fiber Wheat on Serum Lipoprotein Levels and Blood Pressure (1990)

Previous studies have shown that supplementation of the diet with oat bran may lower serum cholesterol levels. However, it is not known whether oat-bran diets lower serum cholesterol levels by replacing fatty foods in the diet or by a direct effect of the dietary fiber contained in oat bran. To determine which is the case, we compared the effect of isocaloric supplements of high-fiber oat bran (87 g per day) and a low-fiber refined-wheat product on the serum lipoprotein cholesterol levels of 20 healthy subjects, 23 to 49 years old. After a one-week base-line period during which they consumed their usual diets, the subjects were given each type of supplement for six-week periods in a double-blind, crossover trial. Mean serum cholesterol levels (+/- SD) were not significantly different during the high-fiber and low-fiber periods: total cholesterol, 4.44 +/- 0.73 and 4.46 +/- 0.64 mmol per liter (172 +/- 28 and 172 +/- 25 mg per deciliter); low-density lipoprotein, 2.69 +/- 0.63 and 2.77 +/- 0.59 mmol per liter (104 +/- 24 and 107 +/- 23 mg per deciliter); and high-density lipoprotein, 1.40 +/- 0.39 and 1.32 +/- 0.39 mmol per liter (54.2 +/- 15.0 and 50.9 +/- 15.2 mg per deciliter), respectively. However, both types of supplements lowered the mean base-line serum cholesterol level, 4.80 +/- 0.80 mmol per liter (186 +/- 31 mg per deciliter), by 7 to 8 percent (95 percent confidence interval for high fiber, 11 to 4 percent, and for low fiber, 11 to 3 percent). The subjects ate less saturated fat and cholesterol and more polyunsaturated fat during both periods of supplementation than at base line. Those changes in dietary fats were sufficient to explain all of the reduction in serum cholesterol levels caused by the high-fiber and low-fiber diets. The average blood pressure was 112/68 mm Hg at base line and did not change during either dietary period. We conclude that oat bran has little cholesterol-lowering effect and that high-fiber and low-fiber dietary grain supplements reduce serum cholesterol levels about equally, probably because they replace dietary fats.
The Orthopaedic Management of Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita (2021)

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a term that describes at least 400 different conditions that result in a baby born with multiple joint contractures. The underlying similarity of these causative conditions is that the developing baby experiences fetal akinesia. The most common forms of AMC are Amyoplasia, or “classic arthrogryposis”, and the different kinds of distal arthrogryposis. Over the past two decades, the orthopaedic treatment of children with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita has steadily evolved steadily, with a better appreciation of the functional potential of persons with arthrogryposis. The development of newer procedures specific for the arthrogrypotic deformities have improved surgical treatment, and outcomes studies that provide understanding of the overall capabilities of adults with arthrogryposis continue to help determine which treatments were the most beneficial. The outcome studies indicate that most adults with arthrogryposis are ambulatory, but less than half are fully independent in self-care, most are limited by upper extremity dysfunction. Pain in adulthood, both chronic and episodic, is frequent, particularly of the foot and back, limiting ambulation and standing. To improve independence, upper extremity treatments have advanced to improve elbow motion, and wrist and thumb positioning. In the lower extremities, attempts to improve the ambulatory ability and decrease future pain include correction of hip and knee contractures, and emphasizing casting treatments of foot deformities. &nbsp;Pediatric patients with arthrogryposis require a careful evaluation, with both a physical examination and an assessment of needs to direct their treatment. Further outcomes studies are needed to continue to refine procedures and define the appropriate candidates.
P‐Chirogenic Phosphonium Salts: Preparation and Use in Rh‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Enamides. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
ChemInform Abstract: Intermolecular C—H Insertions of Carbenoids (2012)

Abstract Review: 142 refs.
Costs and absence of HCV-infected employees by disease stage (2015)

Employees with HCV were shown to have greater direct and indirect costs compared to non-HCV employee controls. Costs progressively increased in the more severe HCV disease categories. Slowing or preventing disease progression may avert the costs of more severe liver disease stages and enable employees with HCV to continue as productive members of the workforce.
Iron(III)‐Catalyzed Tandem Sequential Methanol Oxidation/Aldol Coupling (2005)

Abstract Iron(III)‐catalyzed methanol oxidations have been performed using hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. Formaldehyde is formed in situ and reacts subsequently with activated ketones to give α‐hydroxymethyl carbonyl compounds in good yields. As side reactions iron‐catalyzed α‐hydroxylations have been observed.
Edge-Powered Assisted Driving For Connected Cars (2021)

Assisted driving for connected cars is one of the main applications that 5G-and-beyond networks shall support. In this work, we propose an assisted driving system leveraging the synergy between connected vehicles and the edge of the network infrastructure, in order to envision global traffic policies that can effectively drive local decisions. Local decisions concern individual vehicles, e.g., which vehicle should perform a lane-change manoeuvre and when; global decisions, instead, involve whole traffic flows. Such decisions are made at different time scales by different entities, which are integrated within an edge-based architecture and can share information. In particular, we leverage a queuing-based model and formulate an optimization problem to make global decisions on traffic flows. To cope with the problem complexity, we then develop an iterative, linear-time complexity algorithm called Bottleneck Hunting (BH). We show the performance of our solution using a realistic simulation framework, integrating a Python engine with ns-3 and SUMO, and considering two relevant services, namely, lane change assistance and navigation, in a real-world scenario. Results demonstrate that our solution leads to a reduction of the vehicles’ travel times by 66 percent in the case of lane change assistance and by 20 percent for navigation, compared to traditional, local-coordination approaches.
Polymorphisms in CCR5 confer susceptibility to Löfgren's syndrome and may regulate the immune response (2011)

Rationale: Löfgren's syndrome is an acute and usually self-remitting phenotype of sarcoidosis. Several studies have found associations between specific gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to sarcoidosis. Chemokines are small peptides that mediate monocyte, lymphocyte and neutrophil chemotactic activity by binding to specific G-protein coupled receptors, such as CCR5. A study showed that the HHC haplotype of CCR5, with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1799987, was associated with Löfgren's syndrome. Objective: We investigated if SNPs of the CCR5 gene were associated with Löfgren's syndrome and had an effect on the B-lymphocyte response of patients. Methods: Hunderd and twenty patients with Löfgren's syndrome were characterized and genotyped for 4 SNPs in CCR5. Our control cohort consisted of 313 self-reported healthy individuals. Calcium mobilization response to MIP-1a, a ligand of CCR5, was measured in peripheral blood B-lymphocytes of 18 Löfgren's syndrome patients (3 male and 15 female) and 3 controls. Results: Carriage of the G-allele was significantly higher in patients with Löfgren's syndrome than in healthy controls (p=0.00557, CI 1.13-2.01, OR 1.505). Twelve out of 18 patients with Löfgren's syndrome showed no calcium response, of which 11 were carriers of the G-allele: 7 GG, 4 GA, 1 AA. Nine of these 12 patients where women. All controls showed a calcium mobilization response upon stimulation with MIP-1a. Conclusions: The SNP rs1799987 in the CCR5 genes is associated with Löfgren's syndrome. Functionality assays showed that polymorphisms of the CCR5 have an impact on cellular processes that may regulate the response of B-lymphocytes.
Relative frequency of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes in selected centres in North Africa, the middle east and India: a review of 971 cases (2015)

Comparative data regarding the distribution of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes in North Africa, the Middle East and India (NAF/ME/IN) is scarce in the literature. In this study, we evaluated the relative frequencies of NHL subtypes in this region. Five expert haematopathologists classified 971 consecutive cases of newly-diagnosed NHL from five countries in NAF/ME/IN. After review, 890 cases (91·7%) were confirmed to be NHL and compared to 399 cases from North America (NA). The male-to-female ratio was significantly higher in NAF/ME/IN (1·8) compared to NA (1·1; P< 0·05). The median ages of patients with low-grade (LG) and high-grade (HG) B-NHL in NAF/ME/IN (56 and 52 years, respectively) were significantly lower than in NA (64 and 68 years, respectively). In NAF/ME/IN, a significantly lower proportion of LG B-NHL (28·4%) and a higher proportion of HG B-NHL (58·4%) were found compared to NA (56·1% and 34·3%, respectively). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was more common in NAF/ME/IN (49·4%) compared to NA (29·3%), whereas follicular lymphoma was less common in NAF/ME/IN (12·4%) than in NA (33·6%). In conclusion, we found significant differences in NHL subtypes and clinical features between NAF/ME/IN and NA. Epidemiological studies are needed to better understand the pathobiology of these differences.
Copper Electrodeposition Parameters Optimization for Through-Silicon Vias Filling (2010)

Filling of Through-Silicon Vias (TSV) is governed, similarly to the well-known Damascene process, by several plating parameters and filling mechanisms. However, due to their larger dimensions, the diffusion of species into this particular type of via is becoming the main obstacle for the superfilling phenomenon generation. It is thus of prime importance to adjust the electroplating process parameters in order to take into account the TSV specificity. In this paper, the impact on the filling mechanism of four plating parameters - plating time, current density, wafer rotation and accelerator concentration - was investigated using two distinct methodologies: a fundamental analysis of the plating parameters on a gold planar electrode and their direct impact on the via filling.
Konkurrensbegränsande horisontella samarbeten - sanktionssystemets funktion och framgång (2011)

Karteller uppstår när företag som agerar i samma led i distributions- eller produktionskedjan samverkar genom konkurrensbegränsande överenskommelser för att hindra eller begränsa den effektiva konkurrensen på en marknad. I hemlighet bestäms exempelvis hur priser ska sättas eller hur marknader och kunder ska delas upp mellan deltagarna. Detta ger företagen en monopolliknande ställning som gör att kunder och konkurrenter inte behöver beaktas under agerande på marknaden. De stora skadorna på marknaden som karteller medför understryker vikten av hög upptäcktsrisk och ett fungerande sanktionssystem. Deltagare i en kartell kan drabbas av både offentligrättsliga och civilrättsliga sanktioner; åläggande och vitesföreläggande, konkurrensskadeavgift, eftergift, ogiltighet, skadestånd och näringsförbud. Dagens sanktionssystem, framför allt konkurrensskadeavgiften, har dock kritiserats för att vara alltför ineffektiv, bland annat på grund av svårigheter att bestämma en lämplig sanktionsstorlek. Det har därför diskuterats kring huruvida kriminalisering kunde vara ett alternativ för att komplettera och effektivisera den svenska konkurrensrätten, då det visat sig vara framgångsrikt i bland annat USA. Kriminalisering bör öka den avskräckande effekten på företag. Då svensk lag inte tillåter nedsättning av straff i utbyte mot information kan dock risken att ådömas fängelsestraff medföra att funktionen för eftergift helt går förlorad. Det torde således vara problematiskt att kriminalisera kartellsamverkan utan att justera svenska process- och straffrättsliga principer, något som kräver omfattande arbete och sannolikt medför andra, i denna uppsats ej beaktade, konsekvenser.
Bioactive Glasses and Glass-Ceramics (1998)

Volume I: Bioactive Glasses and Glass-Ceramics General Science and Development Composities and Coatings Tissue and Organ Culture Studies Preclinical and Clinical Results Index
Characterization of Circadian-Associated Pseudo-Response Regulators: II. The Function of PRR5 and Its Molecular Dissection in<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2007)

Together with PRR1/TOC1, PRR5 belongs to the small family of Pseudo-Response Regulators (PRRs), which function as clock components of Arabidopsis thaliana. We employed a set of transgenic lines, each of which was designed to misexpress a truncated form of the PRR5 molecule, together with the original transgenic line (named PRR5-ox) that misexpresses the entire PRR5 polypeptide. The results of genetic analysis suggested that PRR5-ox seedlings showed a phenotype of hypersensitivity to red light during early photomorphogenesis in a manner dependent on red light photoreceptors (PhyA and PhyB), but independent of PRR1/TOC1. The set of newly constructed transgenic lines (named PRR5-N-ox and PRR5-C-ox) were also characterized in terms of circadian-associated phenotypes. The results suggest that the N-terminal pseudo-receiver domain of the PRR5 molecule seems to be dispensable for the misexpressed PRR5 molecule to bring about the phenotype of red light sensitivity. However, PRR5-N-ox plants, misexpressing only the pseudo-receiver domain, showed a phenotype of long period of free-running circadian rhythms of certain clock-controlled genes. Considering these and other results, we discuss the structure and function of PRR5 in the context of current views of the circadian clock in higher plants.
Development of a two-step cultivation strategy for the production of vitamin B12 by Bacillus megaterium (2014)

We developed the fermentation process of B. megaterium to enhance the production of vitamin B12 by providing the required supplements for the synthesis of vitamin B12 (CoCl2, δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (DMB)) and dividing the fermentation process into three stages. In addition, the optimum incubation times of the three fermentation stages were investigated and performed with reducing number of experimental and evaluated multiple parameters and their interactions by using statistical experimental design and analysis. All of these strategies has proven successful in enhancing the production of vitamin B12 up to 204.46 μg/l and demonstrated that B. megaterium could be a good candidate for the industrial production of vitamin B12.
Linear peptide analogs of AFPep are potential anticancer agents. (2006)

B87 Purpose : Cyclo [EKTOVNOGN] (AFPep), a cyclic peptide derived from the active site of alpha-fetoprotein, has been shown to prevent breast cancer in animal models. This peptide is comprised of 9 amino acids in cyclic head-to-tail peptide linkage. Previous synthetic studies suggested that the pharmacophore consisted of OVNO, while replica exchange molecular dynamics suggested that the pharmacophore consisted of TOVN. We hypothesized that smaller analogs of AFPep, especially those that include OVN, would be effective anticancer agents. Experimental Design : Twelve linear AFPep analogs were assembled on PAL-PEG-PS resin beginning with the C-terminus using N-terminally protected amino acids. These peptides were either four or five amino acids long, and were designed to resemble the putative pharmacophoric region of AFPep. An unrelated five amino acid peptide (PGVGQ) was synthesized as a negative control, and AFPep was used as a positive control. These peptides were evaluated using an immature mouse uterine growth inhibition assay (for antiestrogenicity) and a T47D breast cancer cell proliferation assay (for anticancer activity). Results and Conclusions : Linear analogs of AFPep were synthesized; mass spectrometry showed that each peptide was of the correct molecular weight. Inhibition of uterine growth was as follows: TOVNO (31± 2%), TOVN (23±2%), OVNO (9 ± 4%), OVNOG (21± 4%), KTOVN (28± 5%), TPVNP (27± 1%), TPVN (29±2%), PVNP (9±2%), EKTPV (0%), EMTPV (11%), EMTOV (0%), and VNOG (0%) compared to AFPep (38±2%) and PGVGQ (0%). Inhibition of E2-stimulated T47D cell growth was as follows: TOVNO (41±10%), OVNO (10%), and OVNOG (47%) compared to AFPep (53±6%) and PGVGQ (11%). We concluded that analogs of AFPep as small as 4 or 5 amino acids are effective antiestrotrophic and anticancer agents. OVNO is of low biological activity, whereas TOVN may be, and TOVNO is, biologically active.
The leukemogenic risk of integrating retroviral vectors in hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy applications. (2004)

Hematopoietic stem cell gene transfer using integrating vectors has been actively investigated for more than two decades as a prospective treatment for several congenital and acquired human diseases, and retroviral vectors encoding potentially therapeutic genes have been the most rigorously pursued. Early trials in humans testing retroviral vectors in several clinical settings supported the safety of this approach, and recent studies have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in children with severe combined immunodeficiency. The anticipated success established the therapeutic potential of hematopoietic stem cell gene transfer, but the subsequent development of leukemia in two treated children has re-emphasized the risks related to gene therapy. In this review, we describe this complication, discuss the leukemogenic risk of integrating retroviral vectors, and propose strategies to decrease the likelihood of its occurrence.
Fabrication of Perovskite Nanocrystal Light-Emitting Diodes via Inkjet Printing with High-Temperature Annealing (2022)

Metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have been considered promising materials for applications in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) because of their excellent optoelectronic properties. Inkjet printing is a promising solution-processed technique for perovskite NC LEDs because of the possibilities of using drop on-demand printing with efficient ink utilization. However, perovskite NCs are thermally unstable, which can cause irreversible phase transitions and optical quenching under high-temperature annealing conditions. Here, we demonstrate an inkjet-printed CsPbBr3 NC film for the fabrication of LEDs using high-boiling decalin and octane mixed solvents. The inkjet-printed CsPbBr3 NC film exhibited a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 61.8% and retained its crystal structure even after high-temperature annealing at 200 °C, whereas the spin-coated CsPbBr3 NC films showed a decrease in PLQY from 67.3% to 30.6%. The inkjet-printed CsPbBr3 NC LED with a bank-free structure and large-area coating process exhibited a maximum luminance of 1890 cd m–2 and a peak external quantum efficiency of 5.9%, which is a 6-fold higher efficiency than those of spin-coated CsPbBr3 NC LEDs with a high-temperature annealing process.
&lt;title&gt;X-ray scatter measurements from thermally slumped thin glass substrates for the HEFT hard x-ray telescopes&lt;/title&gt; (1999)

We have performed x-ray specular reflectivity and scattering measurements of thermally slumped glass substrates on x-ray diffractometers utilizing a rotating anode x-ray source at the Danish Space Research Institute (DSRI) and synchrotron radiation at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) optics Bending Magnet beamline. In addition, we tested depth graded W/Si multilayer-coated slumped glass using x-ray specular reflectivity measurements at 8.048 keV and 28 keV and energy-dispersive measurements in the 20-50 keV rang at a double-axis diffractometer at the Orsted Laboratory, University of Copenhagen. The thermally slumped glass substrates will be used to fabricate the hard x-ray grazing incidence optics for the High-Energy Focusing Telescope. We compared the measurements to the SODART- mirrors from the SRG telescope mission program. The surface scatter measurement of the thermally slumped glass substrates yields Half Power Diameters (HPD's) of single- bounce mirrors of full-illuminated lengths of approximately 40 arcseconds for typical substrates and as low as approximately 10 arcseconds for the best substrates, whereas the SODART mirrors yields HPD's of approximately 80 arcseconds with very little variation. Both free-standing glass substrates and prototype mounted and multilayer-coated optics were tested. The result demonstrate that the surface scatter contribution, plus any contribution from the mounting procedure, to the Half Power Diameter from a telescope using the slumped glass optics will be in the subarcminute range.In addition we measured low surface microroughness, yielding high reflectivity, from the glass substrates, as well as from the depth graded W/Si multilayer-coated glass.
Biologically Active 1-Aminodeoxy and 1-<i>O</i>-Alkyl Derivatives of The Powerful D-Glucosidase Inhibitor 2,5-Dideoxy-2,5-Imino-D-Mannitol (2000)

ABSTRACT By an Amadori rearrangement of easily available 5-azido-5-deoxy-D-glucofuranose with dibenzylamine and subsequent catalytic hydrogenation of the resulting 5-azido-1-(N,N-dibenzyl)amino-1,5-dideoxy-D-fructopyranose, 1-amino-1,2,5-trideoxy-2,5-imino-D-mannitol was obtained in only two steps and in excellent overall yield. Likewise, other amines were employed to introduce extended side chains ultimately suitable for attachment of the inhibitor to solid supports. The reported rearrangement reaction is a high yielding, convenient and apparently general entry to 1-aminodeoxyketopyranoses modified at C-5, facilitated by the ring enlargement of the aldofuranose to the ketopyranose as an additional driving force. A range of selected chain extended analogues was prepared by acylation of N-1. Inhibitors obtained exhibit K i-values with D-glucosidases in the micromolar range. Interestingly, 1-N-acylation resulted in superior inhibitory activities, as did the addition of a hexyl chain.