gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic accuracy of the Child Behavior Checklist scales for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A receiver-operating characteristic analysis. (1994)

The diagnostic accuracy of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) scales for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were examined using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Three logistic regression models were estimated in an initial sample of 121 children with and without ADHD. These models were then tested in a cross-validation sample (N = 122) and among the 111 brothers and 108 sisters of the initial and cross-validation samples. In all four groups, the CBCL Attention Problems scale had the highest discriminating power for ADHD. Adding other scales did not increase the area under the curve of the ROC significantly. These findings suggest that the CBCL Attention Problems scale could serve as a rapid and useful screening instrument not only to help identify cases likely to meet criteria for ADHD in clinical settings but also to identify cases of ADHD among the siblings of children with ADHD.
Role of Hypothermia in the Pentobarbital-Induced Blockade of Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Female Rats (1987)

Studies were conducted to determine if the hypothermic effects of barbiturates were responsible for their ability to suppress luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in rats following ovariectomy or treatment with gonadal steroids. In both ovariectomized rats and rats treated with estradiol and progesterone, pentobarbital caused a marked hypothermia and blocked LH hypersecretion. In ovariectomized rats, the LH-suppressing effects of pentobarbital could be prevented by maintaining normal core body temperature. However, in steroid-treated rats, the maintenance of normal core body temperature did not prevent the pentobarbital-induced blockade of the steroid-induced LH surge. These data indicate that the pentobarbital-induced reduction of LH secretion in ovariectomized rats is temperature-dependent, while its blockade of the steroid-induced LH surge is not. Additionally, this study provides further evidence for the differential neuronal regulation of LH secretion following ovariectomy and during the steroid-induced surge in LH.
Role of the electrode-edge in optically sensitive three-dimensional carbon foam-MoS<sub>2</sub>based high-performance micro-supercapacitors (2023)

Developing high-performance micro-supercapacitors in a limited footprint area is important for miniaturized electronics, where enhancement in energy storage per unit area is critical.
An Evaluation of an Aptamer for Use as an Affinity Reagent with MS: PCSK9 as an Example Protein (2016)

The aptamer achieved comparable enrichment to the antibody, but with lower peptide background, thus demonstrating the potential use of aptamers for IA-LC-MS.
5G mm Wave Downlink Vehicular Positioning (2018)

5G new radio (NR) provides new opportunities for accurate positioning from a single reference station: large bandwidth combined with multiple antennas, at both the base station and user sides, allows for unparalleled angle and delay resolution. Nevertheless, positioning quality is affected by multipath and clock biases. We study, in terms of performance bounds and algorithms, the ability to localize a vehicle in the presence of multipath and unknown user clock bias. We find that when a sufficient number of paths is present, a vehicle can still be localized thanks to redundancy in the geometric constraints. Moreover, the 5G NR signals enable a vehicle to build up a map of the environment.
Analysis of Photodiode Sensing Devices in a Photonic Integrated Chip solution for Quantum Computing (2020)

From encryption to machine learning, the interest in quantum technologies is growing by the day. Many big companies are pushing the research and trying to develop a variety of techniques to achieve the so-called "quantum supremacy." Among all, there is one which is simpler to build an integrated system with: photonics. In this study, we illustrate the characterization for sensing elements of a prototype photonic integrated chip (PIC) where the photonic layer and the detector layer are homogeneously integrated. We fabricated in our facility a testing chip with silicon photodiodes as output devices. After the characterization discussed in this work, such detectors will be used as fully integrated sensing elements for a more advanced chip featuring thermistors as phase shifters in a multiple Mach-Zehnder Interferometers architecture.
Flexible protocol stacks (1991)

Current standard protocol 'stack' architectures are static. The fixed number -for instance -of layers an application can access, or the order in which they must be arranged, exclude a large class of potential cotnmunication protocols. We propose to investigate more flexible protocol stacks consisting of a 'protocol environment' populated by standard communication functionalities. The main ingredient is the ability for an application to compose protocol stacks out of standard protocol entities as well as the downline loading of new protocol entities. This leads to application-tailored, extensible stacks, possibly established at run-time by a bootstrap procedure. Different ways to implement such an environment are discussed, and the current work on a 'toy environment' is presented.
Computerized Diagnostic Assistant for the Automatic Detection of Pneumothorax on Ultrasound: A Pilot Study (2016)

This novel computer algorithm has potential to aid clinicians with the identification of the sonographic signs of PTX in the absence of expert physician sonographers. Further refinement and training of the algorithm is still needed, along with prospective validation, before it can be utilized in clinical practice.
Potential of Pyrazolooxadiazinone Derivatives as Serine Protease Inhibitors (2001)

As a part of an investigation on molecular hybrids as new serine protease inhibitors, the pyrazolo [4,3-c][1,2,5]oxadiazin-3(5H)-one ring system was selected as a model of potential mechanism-based inhibitors. Due to the inherent reactivity of this system an optimal balance between susceptibility to nucleophilic attack and stability in solvents was sought prior to development as therapeutic agents. Substitutions on N5 and C7 of the supporting pyrazole ring with either aliphatic or aromatic groups (compounds 2 a-m) and the replacement of the carbonyl oxygen on the reactive oxadiazinone ring with sulfur (compounds 3a,i) were explored. Two members (2i and 2k) of this class of inhibitors displayed time-dependent inhibition of HLE suggesting mechanism-based inhibition. The observation that HLE generated a product(s) from compound 2i which displayed an identical UV-Visible spectrum to that observed during non-enzymatic hydrolysis further supports this proposal. FlexX-based docking of these compounds into a model of the human leukocyte elastase (HLE) active site produced a molecular model of the inhibitor-enzyme interaction.
Characterization of 1:1 Random Copolymers Obtained from 6-, 7-, 11-, and 12-Carbon Amino Acids (1993)

15N-labelled N-substituted phthalimide derivatives were prepared from commercially available 15N-labelled potassium phthalimide and alkyl halides in dimethylformamide. The 15N CP/MAS and CSA NMR spectra were recorded for a series of labelled imides as well as a polyimide derived from thianthrene dianhydride and 4,4'-oxydinailine (ODA). The 15N CP/MAS results indicated that the 15N isotropic chemical shift is very sensitive to both hybridization. The 15N chemical shift anisotropy tensor elements (Delta 11, Delta 22, and Delta 33) for three labeled derivatives were determined from CSA lineshape analysis using the program POWFIT developed by Dr. Terry Oas. In addition, the tensor orientation for 15N-13C labelled N-methylphthalimide was obtained. It was determined from the CSA data that delta 33 lies approximately along the N-C bond axis, with Delta 22 assumed to be approximately perpendicular to the imide plane. The angles alpha and beta were found to be 90.380 and 7.01 deg, respectively. The dipolar coupling constant for 13C-15N bond was 882.95 Hz, corresponding to a bond length of 1.51A.
Dual-Primal Mesh Optimization for Polygonized Implicit Surfaces With Sharp Features (2002)

A new method for improving polygonizations of implicit surfaces with sharp features is proposed. The method is based on the observation that, given an implicit surface with sharp features, a triangle mesh whose triangles are tangent to the implicit surface at certain inner triangle points gives a better approximation of the implicit surface than the standard Marching Cubes mesh [Lorensen, W.E., and Cline, H.E., 1987, Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH ’87), 21(3), pp. 163–169] (in our experiments we use VTK Marching Cubes [Schroeder, W., Martin, K., and Lorensen, W., 1998, The Visualization Toolkit: An Object-Oriented Approach to 3-D Graphics, Prentice Hall]). First, given an initial triangle mesh, its dual mesh composed of the triangle centroids is considered. Then the dual mesh is modified such that its vertices are placed on the implicit surface and the mesh dual to the modified dual mesh is considered. Finally the vertex positions of that “double dual” mesh are optimized by minimizing a quadratic energy measuring a deviation of the mesh normals from the implicit surface normals computed at the vertices of the modified dual mesh. In order to achieve an accurate approximation of fine surface features, these basic steps are combined with adaptive mesh subdivision and curvature-weighted vertex resampling. The proposed method outperforms approaches based on the mesh evolution paradigm in speed and accuracy.
Timing Recovery With Frequency Offset and Random Walk: Cramér–Rao Bound and a Phase- Locked Loop Postprocessor (2006)

We consider the problem of timing recovery for bandlimited, baud-rate sampled systems with intersymbol interference and a timing offset that can be modeled as a combination of a frequency offset and a random walk. We first derive the Crameacuter-Rao bound (CRB), which is a lower bound on the estimation error variance for any timing estimator. Conventional timing recovery is based on a phase-locked loop (PLL). We compare the conventional timing-recovery method with the CRB for realistic timing parameters for the magnetic recording channel, and observe a 7 dB signal-to-noise ratio gap between the two. Next, we propose a PLL postprocessor based on the maximum a posteriori estimation principle that performs to within 1.5 dB of the CRB. This postprocessor performs time-invariant filtering and time-varying scaling of the PLL timing estimates. The refined timing estimates from the postprocessor are then used to get refined samples by interpolating the samples taken at the PLL's timing estimates. Finally, we present suboptimal implementations that allow a performance-complexity tradeoff
Efficient Transmission of H.264 Video over Multirate IEEE 802.11e WLANs (2008)

The H.264 video encoding technology, which has emerged as one of the most promising compression standards, offers many new delivery-aware features such as data partitioning. Efficient transmission of H.264 video over any communication medium requires a great deal of coordination between different communication network layers. This paper considers the increasingly popular and widespread 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) and studies different schemes for the delivery of the baseline and extended profiles of H.264 video over such networks. While the baseline profile produces data similar to conventional video technologies, the extended profile offers a partitioning feature that divides video data into three sets with different levels of importance. This allows for the use of service differentiation provided in the WLAN. This paper examines the video transmission performance of the existing contention-based solutions for 802.11e, and compares it to our proposed scheduled access mechanism. It is demonstrated that the scheduled access scheme outperforms contention-based prioritized services of the 802.11e standard. For partitioned video, it is shown that the overhead of partitioning is too high, and better results are achieved if some partitions are aggregated. The effect of link adaptation and multirate operation of the physical layer (PHY) is also investigated in this paper.
Lymphoid organ specificity in the maintenance of secondary lymphoid tissues by TNF produced by B and T cells (95.26) (2007)

Abstract Secondary lymphoid organs play an important role in generation of efficient immune responses. Using a genetic approach we revealed distinct contribution of TNF produced by B and T cells in homeostasis of secondary lymphoid organs. In spleen, the development of follicular dendritic cells (FDC) and B cell follicles was controlled primarily by TNF produced by B cells while TNF from T cells provided a distinct complementary signal, similarly to contributions reported earlier for the surface lymphotoxin (LT). Organized marginal zone structure was dependent on TNF from both B-, T- and other cell types. In contrast, in Peyer’s patches, the lymphoid microarchitecture was exclusively dependent on TNF produced by B cells. Furthermore, we show that TNF signals from both B and T cells acted in concert for the expression of TNF dependent genes in lymph nodes, generation of FDC and B cell follicles, and in mounting an efficient humoral immune response to thymus-dependent antigen. Finally, we found that soluble form of TNF provided by B cells was critical for the maintenance of secondary lymphoid organs. Thus, the organization of different secondary lymphoid organs is maintained by distinct contribution of TNF produced by B and T cells, on one hand, and distinct role of soluble versus membrane TNF form, on the other hand.
ChemInform Abstract: Claus Catalysis. Part 1. Adsorption of SO<sub>2</sub> on the Alumina Catalyst Studied by FTIR and EPR Spectroscopy. Part 2. FTIR Study of the Adsorption of H<sub>2</sub>S on the Alumina Catalyst. Part 3. FTIR Study of the Sequential Adsorption of SO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S on the Alumina Catalyst. (1985)

Abstract Bei der Adsorption von SO 2 auf bei 400‐700°C aktiviertem γ‐Al 2 O 3 werden fünf unterschiedlich adsorbierte Spezies charakterisiert, bei der H 2 S‐Adsorption wird zwischen dissoziativ und undissoziativ adsorbierten Spezies unterschieden.
Analysis of Experimental Fuel Rod Parameters using 3D Modelling of PCMI with MPS Defect (2016)

An in-reactor experiment is being designed in order to validate the pellet-cladding mechanical interaction (PCMI) behavior of the BISON fuel performance code. The experimental parameters for the test rod being placed in the Halden Research Reactor are being determined using BISON simulations. The 3D model includes a missing pellet surface (MPS) defect to generate large local cladding deformations, which should be measureable after typical burnup times. The BISON fuel performance code is being developed at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and is built on the Multiphysics Object-Oriented Simulation Environment (MOOSE) framework. BISON supports both 2D and 3D finite elements and solves the fully coupled equations for solid mechanics, heat conduction and species diffusion. A number of fuel performance effects are included using models for swelling, densification, creep, relocation and fission gas production & release. In addition, the mechanical and thermal contact between the fuel and cladding is explicitly modelled using a master-slave based contact algorithm. In order to accurately predict PCMI effects, the BISON code includes the relevant physics involved and provides a scalable and robust solution procedure. The depth of the proposed MPS defect is being varied in the BISON model to establish an optimum value for the experiment. The experiment will be interrupted approximately every 6 months to measure cladding radial deformation and provide data to validate BISON. The complete rodlet (~20 discrete pellets) is being simulated using a 180° half symmetry 3D model with MPS defects at two axial locations. In addition, annular pellets will be used at the top and bottom of the pellet stack to allow thermocouples within the rod to measure the fuel centerline temperature. Simulation results will be presented to illustrate the expected PCMI behavior and support the chosen experimental design parameters.
Video-based facial re-animation (2015)

Generating photorealistic facial animations is still a challenging task in computer graphics, and synthetically generated facial animations often do not meet the visual quality of captured video sequences. Video sequences on the other hand need to be captured prior to the animation stage and do not offer the same animation flexibility as computer graphics models. We present an inexpensive method for video-based facial animation, which combines the photorealism of real videos with the flexibility of CGI-based animation by extracting dynamic texture sequences from existing multi-view footage. To synthesize new facial performances, these texture sequences are concatenated in a motion-graph-like way. In order to ensure realistic appearance, we combine a warp-based optimization scheme with a modified cross dissolve to prevent visual artefacts during the transition between texture sequences. Our approach makes photorealistic facial re-animation from existing video footage possible, which is especially useful in applications like video editing or the animation of digital characters.
Bacteriochlorin imides (2023)

Compound of Formula I: are described, along with compositions containing the same and methods of use thereof. ##STR00001##
An empirical study of workers' behavior in spatial crowdsourcing (2016)

With the ubiquity of smartphones, spatial crowdsourcing (SC) has emerged as a new paradigm that engages mobile users to perform tasks in the physical world. Thus, various SC techniques have been studied for performance optimization. However, little research has been done to understand workers' behavior in the real world. In this study, we designed and performed two real world SC campaigns utilizing our mobile app, called Genkii, which is a GPS-enabled app for users to report their affective state (e.g., happy, sad). We used Yahoo! Japan Crowdsourcing as the payment platform to reward users for reporting their affective states at different locations and times. We studied the relationship between incentives and participation by analyzing the impact of offering a fixed reward versus an increasing reward scheme. We observed that users tend to stay in a campaign longer when the provided incentives gradually increase over time. We also found that the degree of mobility is correlated with the reported information. For example, users who travel more are observed to be happier than the ones who travel less. Furthermore, analyzing the spatiotemporal information of the reports reveals interesting mobility patterns that are unique to spatial crowdsourcing.
Performance trade‐offs in input/output buffer design for a non‐blocking space‐division packet switch (1991)

Abstract Performance trade‐offs in buffer architecture design for a space‐division packet switching system is studied. As described in Figure 1, the system is constructed by a non‐blocking switch fabric and input/output buffers. The capacity of the non‐blocking switch fabric is defined by the maximum number of packets, denoted by m , which can be simultaneously routed from multiple inputs to each output. The buffer size at each input is considered to be finite, equal to K. The emphasis here is placed on the input packet loss probability for systems constructed by different ms and Ks . From the performance point of view, we conclude: choosing m = 3 or 4 is sufficient to exploit the maximum utilization of a non‐blocking switch fabric introducing input buffers of moderate size K significantly reduces the packet loss probability.
Immune response dynamics and Lutzomyia longipalpis exposure characterize a biosignature of visceral leishmaniasis susceptibility in a canine cohort (2021)

The biosignature identified in our study reinforces the idea that CVL is a complex multifactorial disease that is affected by a set of factors which are correlated and, for a better understanding of CVL, should not be evaluated in an isolated way.
Synaptic activity prompts γ-secretase–mediated cleavage of EphA4 and dendritic spine formation (2009)

Alzheimer's disease is an age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function. gamma-secretase dysfunction is evident in many cases of early onset familial Alzheimer's disease. However, the mechanism by which gamma-secretase dysfunction results in memory loss and neurodegeneration is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that gamma-secretase is localized at synapses and regulates spine formation. We identify EphA4, one of the Ephrin receptor family members, as a substrate of gamma-secretase, and find that EphA4 processing is enhanced by synaptic activity. Moreover, overexpression of EphA4 intracellular domain increases the number of dendritic spines by activating the Rac signaling pathway. These findings reveal a function for EphA4-mediated intracellular signaling in the morphogenesis of dendritic spines and suggest that the processing of EphA4 by gamma-secretase affects the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
Simulators for medical training: application to vascular ultrasound imaging (2000)

Whilst computers are more and more used in the medical and surgical domains, medical education is still very conservative. However, new information technology could bring a lot to this area. In particular, simulators are of paramount interest: they would allow one both to experiment with surgical or imaging techniques for a wide range of pathologies without the need for patients and to quantitatively evaluate the trainees' performances. Ultrasound imaging is a typical area where virtual reality may change educational uses. This paper describes an ultrasound imaging simulator dedicated to the training of physicians for the detection of deep venous thromboses of the lower limbs. Like this one, a lot of other pathologies of soft tissue are diagnosed using ultrasound imaging. Because this examination is difficult and operator-dependent, developing a simulator is very useful to give common databases of pathological samples on which physicians can both experiment with image acquisition and evaluate their understanding of clinical cases. Real-time simulation is mandatory. An ultrasound imaging simulator has been developed and is being tested. This paper presents the hardware and software components of the simulator and describes the status of this project. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.