gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>Candida albicans</i>Stimulates Local Expression of Leukocyte Adhesion Molecules and Cytokines In Vivo (2002)

The host inflammatory response to the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans determines susceptibility to disseminated infection. This study used immunohistochemical analysis to correlate microbiologic findings and pathologic changes with local expression of cytokines and leukocyte adhesion molecules in mice with disseminated candidiasis. After being inoculated intravenously as blastospores, the organisms filamented extensively in the kidneys while remaining predominantly as blastospores or short germ tubes in the lung, liver, and spleen. Very few leukocytes accumulated around the invading organisms until 24 h after inoculation. The leukocytes at the infection site appeared to amplify the inflammatory response. They expressed interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1. Therefore, the morphology of the organism varies with the infection site. Furthermore, leukocyte recruitment occurs relatively late in the infection, and this recruitment is likely amplified by proinflammatory mediators produced by the leukocytes themselves.
Synthesis of metabolites of prostaglandin F2.alpha. resulting from .beta.-oxidation of the carboxylic acid side chain (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of metabolites of prostaglandin F2.alpha. resulting from .beta.-oxidation of the carboxylic acid side chainEldon G. Nidy and Roy A. JohnsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 10, 1415–1420Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00898a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00898a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views103Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Variation in Linnaea borealis (Linnaeaceae) across North America and Greenland (2017)

Three subspecies of Linnaea borealis (Linnaeaceae) are reported from North America. We reviewed the literature and herbarium specimens, and were able to consistently recognize two taxa in the herbarium and in nature. Floral characters distinguish the two subspecies. Linnaea borealis subsp. borealis is widespread across Eurasia, and is common in the Aleutian Islands and mainland Alaska. Linnaea borealis subsp. longiflora is represented in eastern and southeastern Alaska, south to California, and east to the Atlantic and Greenland, and includes plants called subsp. americana. PCA and statistical analyses support the recognition of two infraspecific taxa. Lectotypes are designated for Linnaea borealis var. longiflora and Linnaea borealis var. longiflora forma orientalis. Also, a neotype is chosen for Linnaea americana.
Generation of photon pairs by spontaneous four-wave mixing in linearly uncoupled resonators (2023)

We present a detailed study of the generation of photon pairs by spontaneous four-wave mixing in a structure composed of two linearly uncoupled resonators, where energy can be transferred from one resonator to another only through a nonlinear interaction. Specifically, we consider the case of two racetrack-shaped resonators connected by a coupler designed to guarantee that the resonance comb of each resonator can be tuned independently and to allow the nonlinear interaction between modes that belong to different combs. We show that such a coupler can be realized in at least two ways: A directional coupler or a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. For these two scenarios, we derive analytic expressions for the pair-generation rate via single-pump spontaneous four-wave mixing and compare these results with that achievable in a single-ring resonator.
Host‐Microbiota Communication in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Generates Unique IgA‐Coated Gut Microbes (2023)

Background Hypertension is associated with gut dysbiosis, altered intestinal immunity, and gut pathology in animal models and humans. Although these findings have implicated impaired interactions between gut and gut microbiota in hypertension, little is known about the specific functional gut microbes that interact with intestinal mucosa. Methods and Results To identify these microbes, we sorted Immunoglobin A (IgA)-coated (IgA<sup>+</sup>) and IgA-noncoated (IgA<sup>-</sup>) bacteria using a combination of magnetic-activated cell sorting and fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and subsequently performed 16 S rRNA gene sequencing (IgA-SEQ) to determine the microbial composition of IgA<sup>+</sup> and IgA<sup>-</sup> fractions in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats. We observed a significant decrease in IgA<sup>+</sup> bacteria in SHR compared with Wistar Kyoto and a distinct composition of IgA<sup>+</sup> and IgA<sup>-</sup> bacteria between Wistar Kyoto and SHR, showing more IgA-bound Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria but less of Firmicutes in SHR at the phylum level. We further identified enriched IgA-coated <i>Romboutsia</i>, <i>Turicibacter</i>, <i>Ileibacterium</i>, and <i>Dubosiella</i> in SHR that were negatively correlated with the various pathways including antigen presentation, immune response, cell junction organization, epithelium development, and defense response to virus. Conclusions We demonstrate new IgA-coated bacteria that participate in host-microbiota communication in hypertension, suggesting promising therapeutic interventions targeting these bacteria for hypertension management.
The mechanism of synergy between cell‐mediated and humoral immune responses in protection against acute respiratory pathogens (2008)

To maintain the sterility of the lungs, cell‐mediated and humoral responses (CMI and HI) co‐operate to rapidly eliminate pathogens. The importance of interactions between the two arms of immune responses for protection against intracellular pathogens is well appreciated but not understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of synergy between CMI and HI in enhancing microbicidal activities of phagocytes. Using a mouse model of respiratory tularemia, we observed that specific antibodies in concert with IFN‐γ rapidly eliminated intracellular Francisella tularensis. Similarly, IFN‐γ‐activated, but not resting alveolar macrophages (AMs) mediated rapid killing of opsonized bacteria. Further analysis revealed that both FcγR and IFN‐γR dependent signaling events were necessary and led to enhanced RNS and ROS generation, which were also essential for bacterial killing. In addition, differential trafficking of opsonized bacteria within AMs was found to be necessary. Studies to determine the compartment where opsonized bacteria are killed by activated AMs and the cellular events that result in the formation of these compartments are currently in progress. These results establish a potential mechanism to explain the synergy between CMI and HI and provide an opportunity for intervention to augment the efficacy of antibodies and vaccines. PO1 AI056320 U54 AI057158 γ
Barrierless photoisomerisation of the “simplest cyanine”: Joining computational and femtosecond optical spectroscopies to trace the full reaction path (2012)

The photoisomerisation of 1,1'-diethyl-2,2'-pyridocyanine, regarded by Brooker as the simplest cyanine, is examined in methanol by time-resolved experiments and PCM/TD-CAM-B3LYP calculations. Femtosecond transient absorption, fluorescence upconversion, and stimulated Raman scattering, all with broadband coverage, provide a panoramic view of the photoreaction. On the computational side, evolving distributions on an S(1) minimum-energy path are obtained by solving the Smoluchowski equation for drift and diffusion of torsional motion. Absorption and fluorescence bandshapes are calculated and compared to the observations; near-quantitative agreement implies that the entire S(1) path has been observed. Most importantly the global S(1) minimum, i.e. the perpendicular "phantom state" P*, can be identified and characterized in this way. Internal conversion of P* (3.7 ps), assisted by solvent equilibration, leads to the hot ground state. Within 5 ps, vibrational bands of cis and trans isomers are recognized with the help of calculated Raman spectra. The differences between observed and simulated spectra are discussed.
Injectable (−)-gossypol-loaded Pluronic P85 micelles for cancer chemoradiotherapy (2016)

Pluronic P85 and (-)-gossypol act as a novel dual agent radiosensitizer and holds promise as a chemoradiotherapeutic strategy.
A New Advanced<scp>MRI</scp>Biomarker for Remyelinated Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis (2022)

These results provide the first evidence that it is possible to distinguish chronic MS lesions in a clinical setting, hereby supporting with new biomarkers to develop and assess remyelinating treatments. ANN NEUROL 2022;92:486-502.
ULTRAFAST VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY OF SHOCK COMPRESSION WITH MOLECULAR RESOLUTION (2009)

Ultrafast shock compression and heat shock experiments using molecular monolayers provide atomic‐scale time and space resolution. Heat shock refers to flash‐heating a metal substrate by 600–800 K causing heat to flow into different probed functionalities of adsorbed monolayer molecules. We have developed methods to greatly improve monolayer spectra using vibrational sum‐frequency generation with nonresonant suppression. Monolayer engineering with atomic precision is used to study shock‐molecule interactions in energetic material simulants. Monolayer vibrational spectra at high pressures are obtained using diamond‐anvil cells with photonic substrates.
Accelerated MRI at 9.4 T with electronically modulated time‐varying receive sensitivities (2022)

Time-varying receive sensitivities can be achieved by inserting PIN diodes in the receive loop coils, which allow modulation of B<sub>1</sub><sup>-</sup> patterns. This offers an additional degree of freedom for image encoding, with the potential for improved parallel imaging performance at ultra-high field.
Model-based feasibility assessment and evaluation of prostate hyperthermia with a commercial MRI-guided endorectal high intensity focused ultrasound ablation array (2013)

Numerical simulations were conducted to devise methods for targeted and protracted hyperthermia (40–46 °C, 30–60 min) to the prostate with a commercial MR-guided endorectal ultrasound phased array (2.3 MHz, ExAblate, InSightec). The intention is to fast-track clinical implementation of this FDA approved ablation system for delivering targeted hyperthermia in conjunction with radiation or chemotherapy. Conformable hyperthermia to focal tumors in posterior and hemi-gland prostate was simulated through 3D patient-specific biothermal models and beamformed acoustic patterns that incorporated the specific constraints imposed on the ExAblate array: irregular element spacing, switching speeds, operating power and short pulse duration. Simulations indicated that diverging and iso-phase sonications could treat (T &amp;gt; 41 °C, max &amp;lt; 46 °C) 13–23 cm3 with ~1.1 W/cm2, multi-focused patterns could treat 4.0 cm3 with 3.4 W/cm2, and curvilinear patterns could treat 6.5 cm3 with 0.8 W/cm2 while avoiding rectum, urethra, pubic bone, etc. Custom beamforming identified through simulations was implemented on the ExAblate system and sonications were performed in tissue mimicking phantom material. ExAblate delivered long duration sonications (0.86 W/cm2) with these customized beamforming patterns and generated diffuse hyperthermia (ΔT = 4–8 °C) in phantom, monitored with real-time multi-slice MR temperature imaging (3T). [NIH R01CA122276, Focused Ultrasound Foundation.]
Evidence suggesting that deletion of expression of N‐glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) in the organ‐source pig is associated with increased antibody‐mediated rejection of kidney transplants in baboons (2021)

Pigs deficient in three glycosyltransferase enzymes (triple-knockout [TKO] pigs) and expressing "protective" human transgenes are likely sources of organs for transplantation into human recipients. Testing of human sera against red blood cells (RBCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from TKO pigs has revealed minimal evidence of natural antibody binding. However, unlike humans, baboons exhibit natural antibody binding to TKO pig cells. The xenoantigen specificities of these natural antibodies are postulated to be one or more carbohydrate moieties exposed when N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) is deleted. The aim of this study was to compare the survival of renal grafts in baboons from pigs that either expressed Neu5Gc (GTKO pigs; Group1, n = 5) or did not express Neu5Gc (GTKO/CMAHKO [DKO] or TKO pigs; Group2, n = 5). An anti-CD40mAb-based immunosuppressive regimen was administered in both groups. Group1 kidneys functioned for 90-260 days (median 237, mean 196 days), with histopathological features of antibody-mediated rejection in two kidneys. Group2 kidneys functioned for 0-183 days (median 35, mean 57), with all of the grafts exhibiting histologic features of antibody-mediated rejection. These findings suggest that the absence of expression of Neu5Gc on pig kidneys impacts graft survival in baboon recipients.
Energy efficiency and sustainability assessment for methane harvesting from Lake Kivu (2021)

Lake Kivu is a great environmental and economic resource in Rwanda. Its deep-water methane reservoir can help the country to narrow its energy supply gap. However, mishandling of the lake could lead to devastating consequences, from potable water contamination to limnic eruption. To evaluate the lake’s potential for energy harvesting, we have developed a numerical model and validated it experimentally. Based on this model, we propose an optimal methane harvesting strategy. The harvesting efficiency improvement is from 4 to 6% relative to the alternatives. While seemingly insignificant, a 1% improvement of harvesting efficiency extends the operational time of a gas power plant by ∼5%. With these improvements, the lake will sustainably supply 100 MW of electricity for up to 100 years. Potential CO2 emissions are negligible in comparison with the low-emitting developed countries. We conclude that forestry and agroforestry can mitigate CO2 emissions and reduce currently widespread deforestation. The degassed water after methane extraction poses another environmental concern. It must be reinjected at the depth of 190–250 m to minimize the environmental impacts on the lake and allow for continuous methane harvesting.
Edge pursuit comparator with application in a 74.1dB SNDR, 20KS/s 15b SAR ADC (2018)

This paper presents a new energy-efficient ring oscillator collapse-based comparator, which is called edge-pursuit comparator (EPC) and demonstrated it in a 15-bit SAR ADC. The comparator automatically adjusts the performance according to its input difference without any control, eliminating unnecessary energy spent on coarse comparisons. The employed SAR ADC supplements a 10-bit differential main CDAC with a 5-bit common-mode CDAC which uses common to differential gain tuning to improves linearity by reducing the effect of switch parasitic capacitance. A test chip fabricated in 40nm CMOS shows 74.12 dB SNDR and 173.4 dB FOMs. The comparator consumes 104 nW with the full ADC consuming 1.17 μW.
Robust discovering and tracking in challenging environments (2011)

While wireless sensor network aided robots lend humans a hand in accessing to certain difficult and/or otherwise unreachable areas, the robots may face challenges in locomotion, object discovering, searching and tracking among many demanding tasks. The unreliable wireless communication and possible components failures of wireless sensor nodes coupling with the noises in the uncertain environments further complicate the situation. To address this issue, we develop a robustified estimation scheme that's capable of online rectifying outliers and detecting anomalies including sensor faults. By integrating a recursive variant of the M-estimator into the Kalman filter via an recursively reweighted least squares implementation, it robustifies the Kalman filter's performance upon outliers without scarifying the optimality of the latter. Moreover, we employ a General Likelihood Ratio (GLR) test to further fine tune the detection of changes in the environment and wireless sensor nodes, where the false alarm constraint is achieved through Monte Carlo simulation. The effectiveness of the idea is illustrated through experiments and synthetic data at the current stage.
Abstract 12621: The Acquired and the Inherited Form of the LQT2 Syndrome are associated with different Abnormal T-wave Morphology (2010)

A similar mechanism is present in the congenital LQT2 patients and in individuals exposed to non-cardiac arrhythmogenic drugs associated with Ikr blockade. We investigated specific T-wave morpholog...
Optimization and Kinetic Modeling of a Fed-Batch Fermentation for Mannosylerythritol Lipids (MEL) Production With Moesziomyces aphidis (2022)

Mannosylerythritol lipids are glycolipid biosurfactants with many interesting properties. Despite the general interest in those molecules and the need for a robust process, studies on their production in bioreactors are still scarce. In the current study, the fermentative production of MEL in a bioreactor with <i>Moesziomyces aphidis</i> was performed using a defined mineral salt medium. Several kinetic process parameters like substrate consumption rates and product formation rates were evaluated and subsequently enhanced by increasing the biomass concentration through an exponential fed-batch strategy. The fed-batch approaches resulted in two to three fold increased dry biomass concentrations of 10.9-15.5 g/L at the end of the growth phase, compared with 4.2 g/L in the batch process. Consequently, MEL formation rates were increased from 0.1 g/Lh up to around 0.4 g/Lh during the MEL production phase. Thus, a maximum concentration of up to 50.5 g/L MEL was obtained when oil was added in excess, but high concentrations of residual fatty acids were also present in the broth. By adjusting the oil feeding to biomass-specific hydrolysis and MEL production rates, a slightly lower MEL concentration of 34.3 g/L was obtained after 170 h, but at the same time a very pure crude lipid extract with more than 90% MEL and a much lower concentration of remaining fatty acids. With rapeseed oil as substrate, the ideal oil-to-biomass ratio for full substrate conversion was found to be around 10 g<sub>oil</sub>/g<sub>biomass</sub>. In addition, off-gas analysis and pH trends could be used to assess biomass growth and MEL production. Finally, kinetic models were developed and compared to the experimental data, allowing for a detailed prediction of the process behavior in future experiments.
MORPHOSYS: Efficient Colocation of QoS-Constrained Workloads in the\n Cloud (2019)

In hosting environments such as IaaS clouds, desirable application\nperformance is usually guaranteed through the use of Service Level Agreements\n(SLAs), which specify minimal fractions of resource capacities that must be\nallocated for use for proper operation. Arbitrary colocation of applications\nwith different SLAs on a single host may result in inefficient utilization of\nthe host's resources. In this paper, we propose that periodic resource\nallocation and consumption models be used for a more granular expression of\nSLAs. Our proposed SLA model has the salient feature that it exposes\nflexibilities that enable the IaaS provider to safelya transform SLAs from one\nform to another for the purpose of achieving more efficient colocation. Towards\nthat goal, we present MorphoSys: a framework for a service that allows the\nmanipulation of SLAs to enable efficient colocation of workloads. We present\nresults from extensive trace-driven simulations of colocated Video-on-Demand\nservers in a cloud setting. The results show that potentially-significant\nreduction in wasted resources (by as much as 60%) are possible using MorphoSys.\n
Molecular Detection and Characterization of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiae in Taiwan (2007)

Rickettsioses are emerging infectious diseases caused by rickettsiae in association with arthropods. We report the detection of spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGR) in Taiwan using molecular methods. Phylogenetic analyses of the 17-kd protein and citrate synthase (gltA) genes showed that SFGR TwKM01 detected in Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides ticks was most similar to Rickettsia rhipicephali. Three TwKM01 isolates were obtained from three individual R. haemaphysaloides ticks. Small, intracellular, coccobacillary bacteria were found in infected L929 cells using immunofluorescence antibody testing and transmission electron microscopy. Two other SFGRs, TwKM02 and TwKM03, identified in Leptotrombidium chigger mites, were closely related to R. australis and R. felis URRWXCal(2), respectively. The TwKM03 strain was also detected in Ixodes granulatus ticks and widely distributed in Hualien, Kinmen, and Lienchiang counties in Taiwan. The endonucleases MaeII and HhaI selected for restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the gltA and 17-kd polymerase chain reaction products, respectively, were useful for genotyping Rickettsia species TwKM01, TwKM02, TwKM03, and other SFGRs. Although their infectivity and pathogenicity for vertebrates are unknown, the finding of SFGRs raises the possibility that bacteria other than Orientia tsutsugamushi, Coxiella burnetii, and R. typhi may be involved in rickettsial diseases in Taiwan.
Analytical Representation of Lightning Current Waveforms using Genetic Algorithms (2004)

LRE
How do software developers experience team performance in lean and agile environments? (2014)

Context: Companies increasingly strive to adapt to market and ecosystem changes in real time. Evaluating team performance in such changing environments presents a major challenge. Objective: This paper aims to understand how software developers experience performance in a highly volatile environment. This understanding could be used as a basis for guiding formation and maintenance of high-performing teams. Method: A qualitative multiple-case study using thematic interviews was conducted with 16 experienced practitioners in five organisations. Results: We found 33 major categories of performance factors, arranged as a theoretical structure that explains how the subjects experience software team performance. Conclusions: Based on our study, software teams are engaged in a constant cycle of interpreting their performance and aligning it with other stakeholders. Enhancing performance experiences requires integration of soft factors, such as communication, team spirit, and team identity, into the overall development process.
Use of a direct antithrombin, hirulog, in place of heparin during coronary angioplasty. (1993)

The present study documents for the first time that it is possible to perform coronary angioplasty with an anticoagulant other than heparin in aspirin-pretreated patients. Hirulog was associated with a rapid onset, dose-dependent anticoagulant effect, minimal bleeding complications, and at doses of 1.8-2.2 mg/kg, a rate of 3.9% for abrupt vessel closure.