gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Method to Search Plant Control Systems as a Basis for Customization Using Plant Information (2016)

Plant control system provides control of plant equipment and acquires information about the status of the equipment. It is desirable to reduce costs and save time for making plant control systems because they have a lot of control logics for interlocking etc. We have proposed a method to search plant control systems as a basis for customization. In proposed method plant system information which contains their functions and equipment is hierarchized. Using plant information the method searches plant control systems which provides a springboard to make new plant control systems. System integrators can effectively make new plant systems by customizing the searched systems.
Efficient Localization Methods for Passivity Enforcement of Linear Dynamical Models (2014)

This paper describes a novel approach for passivity enforcement of compact dynamical models of electrical interconnects. The proposed approach is based on a parameterization of general state-space scattering models with fixed poles. We formulate the passivity constraints as a unitary boundedness condition on the H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> norm of the system transfer function. When this condition is not verified, we use it as an explicit constraint within an iterative perturbation loop of the system state-space matrices. Since the resulting optimization framework is convex but nonsmooth, we solve it via localization based algorithms, such as the ellipsoid and the cutting plane methods. The proposed technique solves two critical bottleneck issues of the existing approaches for passivity enforcement of linear macromodels. Compared to quasi-optimal schemes based on singular value or Hamiltonian eigenvalue perturbation, we are able to guarantee convergence to the optimal solution. Compared to convex formulations based on direct Bounded Real Lemma constraints, we are able to reduce both memory and time requirements by orders of magnitude. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on a number of cases for which existing algorithms either fail or exhibit very slow convergence.
Underwater wireless video transmission for supervisory control and inspection using acoustic OFDM (2010)

We study the feasibility of video transmission using an acoustic system for deep-sea oilfield supervisory control and inspection. Such a system is of interest over short distance links, with short delays and high available bandwidth, as near real-time imagery can be transmitted to monitor targeted underwater spots. This work includes three parts: (1) noise characterization for deep-sea oilfield environments, (2) video compression to reduce the amount of data to be transmitted through the channel, and (3) OFDM modulation to achieve high bit rates over the underwater link. Experimental testing was conducted at the MIT Sailing Pavilion premises, in the Charles River, Boston. The results demonstrate the usefulness of the coupled MPEG-4 compression and OFDM modulation, reaching bit rates on the order of 90 kbps in a 115 kHz acoustic band over a 200-meter link under a variety of channel conditions.
Digitally Assisted IIP2 Calibration for CMOS Direct-Conversion Receivers (2011)

A robust digitally assisted self-calibration technique is presented to improve the input-referred second-order-intermodulation intercept point (IIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) of direct-conversion receivers. The low-power, low-noise 1.8-GHz CMOS receiver prototype relies on digital signal processing to improve analog/RF performance with only a minimum hardware overhead and with no performance penalties on the RF front end and analog baseband. The RF front end achieves an IIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> better than 60 dBm without external filters between the LNA and downconversion mixers, has a conversion gain of 38.5 dB, a low DSB noise figure of 2.6 dB, and an IIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> of -17.6 dBm. It consumes 15 mA from a 1.5-V supply, and occupies 1.56 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> on a 0.13-μm CMOS process.
Chelate-Size Effects on the Structures, Chemical Behavior, Properties, and Catalytic Activity of the New Palladium(II)−Allyl Complexes [Pd(η<sup>3</sup>-1-R<sup>1</sup>-C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>4</sub>){FcCH═N-CH<sub>2</sub>-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub><i>n</i></sub>-NMe<sub>2</sub>}][PF<sub>6</sub>] {Fc = (η<sup>5</sup>-C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)Fe(η<sup>5</sup>-C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>4</sub>), <i>n</i> = 2 or 1, and R<sup>1</sup> = H or Ph} (2008)

The synthesis, X-ray crystal structures, and the study of the solution behavior of the palladium(II) allyl complexes [Pd(η3-1R1-C3H4){FcCH═N-CH2-(CH2)n-NMe2}][PF6] {with Fc = (η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H4), R1 = H, and n = 2 (4) or 1 (5) or R1 = Ph and n = 2 (6) or 1 (7)} are described. The structural studies of 4, 5, 6, and 7 showed that the allyl ligands were bound to palladium(II) in an η3-fashion and the ferrocenyl-Schiff bases behaved as neutral (N,N′) bidentate ligands. As observed for other Pd complexes of ligands 1 and 2, the imine conformation of the ligand in the complex strongly depends on the length of the hydrocarbon chain between the two nitrogen donors: compounds 4 and 6 exhibited an anti-(E) conformation, whereas the syn-(Z) form is observed in 5 and 7. 57Fe-Mössbauer spectra (in the solid state) and electrochemical studies based on cyclic voltammetry of 4, 5, 6, and 7 are reported. These studies reveal that the proclivity of the iron(II) toward oxidation is affected by the nature of the substituent R1 of the allyl group {H (in 4 and 5) or Ph (in 6 and 7)}. Compounds 4 and 5 have been tested in the palladium(II) allylic alkylation of (E)-3-phenyl-2-propenyl (cinnamyl) acetate using sodium diethyl 2-methylmalonate as the nucleophile. In all cases the formation of the trans-(E) isomer of the linear product (9) was strongly favored versus that of the branched derivative (10). The stoichiometric reactions of the palladium(II) allyl intermediates [Pd(η3-1-Ph-C3H4){FcCH═N-CH2-(CH2)n-NMe2}][PF6] {with n = 2 (6) or 1 (7)} with the nucleophile have been studied. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of these systems have allowed us to rationalize the structural differences as well as the regioselectivity of the catalytic and stoichiometric reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of Optically Active 3‐Ethyl‐ and 3‐n‐ Butylphthalides via Catalytic Enantioselective Addition of Dialkylzinc Reagents to o‐Phthalaldehyde. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The nebulin SH3 domain is dispensable for normal skeletal muscle structure but is required for effective active load bearing in mouse (2013)

Nemaline myopathy (NM) is a congenital myopathy with an estimated incidence of 150,000 live births. It is caused by mutations in thin filament components, including nebulin, which accounts for about 50% of the cases. The identification of NM cases with nonsense mutations resulting in loss of the extreme C-terminal SH3 domain of nebulin suggests an important role of the nebulin SH3 domain, which is further supported by the recent demonstration of its role in IGF-1-induced sarcomeric actin filament formation through targeting of N-WASP to the Z-line. To provide further insights into the functional significance of the nebulin SH3 domain in the Z-disk and to understand the mechanisms by which truncations of nebulin lead to NM, we took two approaches: (1) an affinity-based proteomic screening to identify novel interaction partners of the nebulin SH3 domain; and (2) generation and characterization of a novel knockin mouse model with a premature stop codon in the nebulin gene, eliminating its C-terminal SH3 domain (NebΔSH3 mouse). Surprisingly, detailed analyses of NebΔSH3 mice revealed no structural or histological skeletal muscle abnormalities and no changes in gene expression or localization of interaction partners of the nebulin SH3 domain, including myopalladin, palladin, zyxin and N-WASP. Also, no significant effect on peak isometric stress production, passive tensile stress or Young's modulus was found. However, NebΔSH3 muscle displayed a slightly altered force-frequency relationship and was significantly more susceptible to eccentric contraction-induced injury, suggesting that the nebulin SH3 domain protects against eccentric contraction-induced injury and possibly plays a role in fine-tuning the excitation-contraction coupling mechanism.
REVERBERATION-TIMEPREDICTIONMETHODFORROOMIMPULSERESPONSES SIMULATEDWITHTHEIMAGE-SOURCEMODEL (2007)

The image-source method has become a ubiquitous tool in many fields of acoustics and signal processing. A technique was recently proposed to predict the energy decay (energy–time curve) in room impulse responses simulated using the image-source model. The present paper demonstrates how this technique can be efficiently used to determine the enclosure’s absorption coefficients in order to achieve a desired reverberation level, even with a non-uniform distribution of the sound absorption in the room. As shown in this work, classical expressions for the prediction of an enclosure’s reverberation time, such as Sabine and Eyring’s formulae, do not provide accurate results when used in conjunction with the image method. The proposed approach hence ensures that the image-source model effectively generates impulse responses with a proper reverberation time, which is of particular importance, for instance, for the purpose of assessing the performance of audio signal processing algorithms operating in reverberant conditions.
Body weight of the spontaneously hypertensive rat during the suckling and weanling periods. (1986)

The body weight of the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) during the suckling, birth to 3 weeks of age, and weanling period, through 6 weeks of age, is compared to that of its normotensive controls, the Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and Wistar (WR) rats. Litters were normalized to 6 pups per dam just after birth. The WR is larger than the SHR and WKY at all time points examined. The WKY is similar in weight to the SHR at birth but larger than the SHR at the other time points studied. These findings suggest the WR is inherently a larger rat than the SHR and WKY during the suckling and weanling periods while the development of a weight difference between the SHR and WKY after birth suggest an extrauterine influence.
Direct Measurement and Modeling of Intraglottal, Subglottal, and Vocal Fold Collision Pressures during Phonation in an Individual with a Hemilaryngectomy (2021)

The purpose of this paper is to report on the first <i>in vivo</i> application of a recently developed transoral, dual-sensor pressure probe that directly measures intraglottal, subglottal, and vocal fold collision pressures during phonation. Synchronous measurement of intraglottal and subglottal pressures was accomplished using two miniature pressure sensors mounted on the end of the probe and inserted transorally in a 78-year-old male who had previously undergone surgical removal of his right vocal fold for treatment of laryngeal cancer. The endoscopist used one hand to position the custom probe against the surgically medialized scar band that replaced the right vocal fold and used the other hand to position a transoral endoscope to record laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy of the vibrating left vocal fold contacting the pressure probe. Visualization of the larynx during sustained phonation allowed the endoscopist to place the dual-sensor pressure probe such that the proximal sensor was positioned intraglottally and the distal sensor subglottally. The proximal pressure sensor was verified to be in the strike zone of vocal fold collision during phonation when the intraglottal pressure signal exhibited three characteristics: an impulsive peak at the start of the closed phase, rounded peak during the open phase, and minimum value around zero immediately preceding the impulsive peak of the subsequent phonatory cycle. Numerical voice production modeling was applied to validate model-based predictions of vocal fold collision pressure using kinematic vocal fold measures. The results successfully demonstrated feasibility of <i>in vivo</i> measurement of vocal fold collision pressure in an individual with a hemilaryngectomy, motivating ongoing data collection that is designed to aid in the development of vocal dose measures that incorporate vocal fold impact collision and stresses.
Modeling the formation of oxide inclusions in low alloy steel welds (1995)

An automated plasma spray facility was needed to apply refractory material to the inside of cylindrical graphite crucibles. A tilt-rotary table and a Schilling Titan 7 manipulator were available for developing a system to manipulate the plasma spray gun and crucible. IGRIP simulation software was used to generate the workcell layout. Simulation also revealed that the Schilling joint motion was constrained by the small inside diameter of the crucible. Because of the motion constraints, the spray gun could not be properly reoriented during the transition from spraying crucible sides to bottom. This was solved with a custom end effector that reoriented the spray gun. Motive power for the reorientation was provided by wrist rotation. A controller was developed to simplify generation of spray paths and coordinate the Schilling and tilt-rotary table. Software was generated by modification of existing Schilling teach/playback code. This software ran on a PC embedded in a VME system.
Senescence of aortic endothelial cells in culture: Effects of basic fibroblast growth factor expression on cell phenotype, migration, and proliferation (1993)

Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) can be isolated in large numbers without major contamination by other cells and maintained in culture with a limited life span for about 100 population doublings. In order to study phenotypic changes of BAEC during long-term culture, stocks of different passages of BAEC were established and their morphological, migratory, and proliferative properties analyzed. Early-passage BAEC (passages 5-15) rapidly produce dense, cobblestone-like monolayers. Their growth beyond the monolayer configuration is characterized by the formation of an irregular network of spindle-shaped, crisscrossing BAEC growing either on top or beneath the monolayer, and by the assembly of elongated BAEC into well-differentiated capillary-like tubes. In contrast, senescent BAEC (passages 35-45) form perfect cobblestone monolayers that contain several, often multinucleated giant cells and a few capillary-like tubes but not the crisscrossing networks of their early-passage counterparts. The rates of BAEC migration and proliferation gradually decline during in vitro senescence. This decline is neutralized by exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) which elevates the migratory and proliferative capacities of early-passage and senescent BAEC to uniformly high levels. Northern blot analysis shows a gradual decline in bFGF message and an increase in laminin message during in vitro BAEC senescence. The present study supports the concept of autocrine growth regulation of BAEC and associates a decreased bFGF message with decreased rates of migration and proliferation as well as loss of the crisscrossing BAEC morphotype in senescent cultures.
Calibration phantom for the quantification of fluorescent labels in deep skin tissue (2011)

A method to quantify fluorescent labels spatially resolved in scattering and absorbing samples is proposed and tested using a tissue phantom. The method works without any a priori knowledge about the optical properties of the sample. The scattering and absorption behavior of the sample is estimated by measuring reflectance from the sample simultaneously to the fluorescence. With this estimation, the attenuation of the fluorescence caused by scattering and absorption can be mathematically compensated. The method is planned to be used for evaluating skin penetrating drug carrier systems.
On the decline in overshoot at high masker levels (2000)

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the decline in overshoot at high masker levels might be due to the slow recovery of the onset response of low-spontaneous rate (sr) fibers. Overshoot was measured for a 4000-Hz signal at a relatively low (20 or 30 dB) and at a relatively high (50 dB) masker spectrum level in both an adaptive, two-interval forced-choice (2IFC) paradigm and in a fixed-level, yes–no paradigm. In the 2IFC paradigm, there was only 500 ms of silence between the two masker bursts of a trial; in the yes–no paradigm, there was 4 s of silence between each burst (i.e., between each trial). The timing of the trial sequences of these two paradigms was such that the 2IFC paradigm probably would not ensure complete recovery of the onset response of low-sr fibers, whereas the yes–no paradigm would. Nevertheless, for both paradigms, there was an average of about 9 dB of overshoot at the lower masker level and 2 dB at the higher masker level. These results suggest that the decline in overshoot at high masker levels is not due to the protracted recovery from adaptation of the onset response of low-sr fibers.
S1–02–01: Gamma–secretase: Relationship between gamma–cleavage and epsilon–cleavage (2006)

γ–Secretase cleaves the transmembrane domain of β amyloid precursor protein (APP) at least at two sites. γ–Cleavage in the middle of the transmembrane domain releases Aβ40 and Aβ42, and ϵ–cleavage at the cytoplasmic/membrane boundary generates predominantly APP intracellular domain (AICD) 50–99. We have been long concerned about the relationship between the two cleavages. Whereas the cells expressing wild–type APP and presenilin 1/2 predominantly produced AICD50–99, those expressing familial AD mutant APP or presenilin 1/2 preferentially produced AICD49–99. In addition, the expression of Aβ49, a major product that would have been generated by ϵ–cleavage, resulted in predominant release of Aβ40, while that of Aβ48, a putative counterpart of AICD49–99, preferentially produced Aβ42. These strongly suggest that ϵ–cleavage and γ–cleavage are interrelated, and further led us to hypothesize that ϵ–cleavage comes first. Along this line of scenario, we have developed a new gel system and identified longer Aβs, including Aβ45, Aβ46, and Aβ48, within the cells. The treatment of the cells with DAPT built up Aβ43 and Aβ46 in a dose–dependent manner, concomitantly with a decrease in Aβ40. This suggests that the longer Aβ species is processed at every three residues from its carboxyl portion on the α–helical surface of the APP transmembrane domain. Furthermore, recently established CHAPSO–solubilized assay system has clearly shown that the amounts of Aβ40, Aβ42, and Aβ43 are equal to those of AICD, irrespective of wild–type or mutant APP and presenilin 1/2. Several species of Aβ, including trace amounts of Aβ48 and Aβ49, were generated by this system, but only two species of AICD, AICD49–99 and AICD50–99, were detectable. These data suggest that ϵ–cleavage is a primary one and that longer Aβs (Aβ48 and Aβ49) generated by ϵ–cleavage are processed at every three residues, thereby producing Aβ40, Aβ42, and Aβ43.
Understanding Photocarrier and Gas Dynamics to Rationally Design Heterostructured Nanocatalysts for Efficient Solar CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Conversion (2022)

Recent research in CO2 photocatalysis has largely focused on exploring new catalysts; however, details of the relationship between charge carrier dynamics and gas dynamics on the surface of nanomaterials often remain unclear. Knowledge of these processes will allow one to rationally design highly efficient catalysts for solar CO2 conversion. This project aimed to develop state-of-the-art techniques and establish new capabilities in SRNL to enable the study of photocatalysts and other materials in detail. In FY21, we developed two new in situ techniques that are unique to SRNL, allowing the study of reaction intermediates and adsorbed gases during photocatalysis at various wavelengths of excitation. We also established a new in-house capability for catalyst synthesis and product evaluation which enables a deep understanding of how catalyst preparation methodologies impact product generation. In FY22, we gained in-house expertise and knowledge on the newly constructed a physical vapor deposition device, i.e. glancing angle deposition (GLAD) system, and constructed a flow photoreactor system for CO2 photoconversion and other photocatalytic studies.
Mmp-20 and Klk4 Cleavage Site Preferences for Amelogenin Sequences (2009)

Mmp-20 and Klk4 are the two key enamel proteases. Can both enzymes process amelogenin to generate the major cleavage products that accumulate during the secretory stage of amelogenesis? We isolated Mmp-20 and Klk4 from developing pig teeth and used them to digest the tyrosine-rich amelogenin polypeptide (TRAP), the leucine-rich amelogenin protein (LRAP), and 5 fluorescence peptides. We characterized the digestion products by LC-MSMS, SDS-PAGE, and C18 RP-HPLC monitored with fluorescence and UV detectors. Mmp-20 cleaves amelogenin sequences after Pro(162), Ser(148), His(62), Ala(63), and Trp(45). These cleavages generate all of the major cleavage products that accumulate in porcine secretory-stage enamel: the 23-kDa, 20-kDa, 13-kDa, 11-kDa, and 6-kDa (TRAP) amelogenins. Mmp-20 cleaves LRAP after Pro(45) and Pro(40), producing the two LRAP products previously identified in tooth extracts. Among these key cleavage sites, Klk4 was able to cleave only after His(62). We propose that Mmp-20 alone processes amelogenin during the secretory stage.