gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Utilisation of optimisation solutions to control active suspension for decreased braking distance (2015)

This work deals with how to utilise active suspension on individual vehicle wheels in order to improve the vehicle performance during straight-line braking. Through numerical optimisation, solutions have been found as regards how active suspension should be controlled and coordinated with friction brakes to shorten the braking distance. The results show that, for the studied vehicle, the braking distance can be shortened by more than 1 m when braking from 100 km/h. The applicability of these results is studied by investigating the approach for different vehicle speeds and actuator stroke limitations. It is shown that substantial improvements in the braking distance can also be found for lower velocities, and that the actuator strokes are an important parameter. To investigate the potential of implementing these findings in a real vehicle, a validated detailed vehicle model equipped with active struts is analysed. Simplified control laws, appropriate for on-board implementation and based on knowledge of the optimised solution, are proposed and evaluated. The results show that substantial improvements of the braking ability, and thus safety, can be made using this simplified approach. Particle model simulations have been made to explain the underlying physical mechanisms and limitations of the approach. These results provide valuable guidance on how active suspension can be used to achieve significant improvements in vehicle performance with reasonable complexity and energy consumption.
Digital Diabetes Data and Artificial Intelligence: A Time for Humility Not Hubris (2018)

In the future artificial intelligence (AI) will have the potential to improve outcomes diabetes care. With the creation of new sensors for physiological monitoring sensors and the introduction of smart insulin pens, novel data relationships based on personal phenotypic and genotypic information will lead to selections of tailored, effective therapies that will transform health care. However, decision-making processes based exclusively on quantitative metrics that ignore qualitative factors could create a quantitative fallacy. Difficult to quantify inputs into AI-based therapeutic decision-making processes include empathy, compassion, experience, and unconscious bias. Failure to consider these "softer" variables could lead to important errors. In other words, that which is not quantified about human health and behavior is still part of the calculus for determining therapeutic interventions.
Multiplying the electron storage capacity of a bis-tetrazine pincer ligand (2014)

An unexpected doubling in redox storage emerging from a new pincer ligand upon bis-ligation of iron(ii) is described. When tetrazine arms are present at the two ortho positions of pyridine, the resulting bis-tetrazinyl pyridine (btzp) pincer ligand displays a single one-electron reduction at ca. -0.85 V vs. Ag/AgCl. Complexation to iron, giving the cation Fe(btzp)2(2+), shows no oxidation but four reduction waves in cyclic voltammetry instead of the two expected for the two constituent ligands. Mossbauer, X-ray diffraction and NMR studies show the iron species to contain low spin Fe(ii), but with evidence of back donation from iron to the pincer ligands. CV and UV-Vis spectroelectrochemistry, as well as titration studies as monitored by CV, electronic spectra and EPR reveal the chemical reversibility of forming the reduced species. DFT and EPR studies show varying degrees of delocalization of unpaired spin in different species, including that of a btzp(-1) radical anion, partnered with various cations.
Activity of ceftolozane–tazobactam and comparators against Pseudomonas aeruginosa from patients in different risk strata – SMART United States 2016–2017 (2019)

C/T represents a promising new treatment option even in strata in which the risk of infection with β-lactam-nonsusceptible P. aeruginosa appeared higher.
The Effects of Ototopical Steroid, NSAID, and Antihistamine on Rat Auditory Function (2004)

Objectives Ototopical application of medication for the treatment of a variety of otologic disorders is becoming commonplace. With the increased use of ototopical agents, auditory toxicity must be analyzed. Our objective was to study the effects of transtympanic injection of steroid, NSAID, or antihistamine on Sprague‐Dawley rat auditory function. Methods Twelve Sprague‐Dawley rats had their auditory function assessed through ABR. The rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 2 each group): dexamethasone, rimexalone, patanol, astelin, diclofenac, and gentamycin (positive control). Baseline ABR were recorded prior to transtympanic injection and again recorded at 1 and 7 days after treatment. Wave 1 latency and amplitude were measured at 80, 60, 40, and 20 dB using click stimulus. The gentamycin group received an additional 10 days of intramuscular gentamycin after the initial treatment in order to demonstrate significant latency shift. Results The steroid, antihistamine, and NSAID groups did not demonstrate shifts in wave 1 latency at postinjection day 1 or 7. The gentamycin group revealed a significant latency shift and decrease in amplitude at 40 and 20 db on postinjection day 1. Ten days of intramuscular gentamycin significantly shifted the latency of wave 1 compared to pretreatment. Conclusion Single dose steroid, NSAID, and antihistamine do not demonstrate a significant ABR latency shift. Transtympanic gentamycin causes a temporary latency shift and amplitude reduction at low intensity stimulus with a return in function at 1 week posttreatment. Performing ABR in the Sprague‐Dawley rat is an excellent model to assess auditory toxicity from transtympanic injection.
Hydroxylamine as an ammonia equivalent: access to NH-tetrahydroisoquinolonic derivatives from aldoximes by the Castagnoli–Cushman reaction followed by reduction (2019)

A novel synthetic protocol towards trans-NH-tetrahydroisoquinolonic acid esters is based on the Castagnoli–Cushman reaction between aromatic aldehyde oximes and homophthalic anhydride, followed by esterification and TiCl3-promoted reduction. The scope of the method with respect to the aromatic portion (both electron-rich and electron-deficient) is broader compared to the earlier described approaches, which makes it a suitable synthetic strategy for the structure–activity exploration.
Managing Treatment-Resistant OCD (2005)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a prevalent, disabling and chronic illness. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the first-line of treatment; however a large proportion of patients will have either a partial or nonresponse. This review outlines the strategies for treatment-resistant OCD, including augmentation agents, alternative monotherapies, intravenous strategies and newer nonpharmacologic somatic treatments under development.
Approach to N-Alkoxy-2-oxoindole for Mimicing SERMs Structure (2005)

Treatment of N-alkoxyamides with bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodobenzene generated electron deficient nitrogen species, which readily cyclized onto aromatic ring to give N-alkoxy-2-oxoindoles. The effect of different substituent on aromatic ring to the electrophilic substitution was studied.
Adaptive flux observer for induction motors (1998)

An adaptive observer for rotor resistance is designed to estimate rotor flux for the a-b model of an induction motor assuming that rotor speed and stator currents are measurable. A singularly perturbed model of the motor is used to design a sliding mode observer which drives the estimated stator currents to their true values in the fast time scale. The adaptive flux observer on the sliding surface is based on the equivalent switching vector and both the estimated fluxes and the estimated rotor resistance converge to their true values.
Any time induction of decision trees: an iterative improvement approach (2006)

Most existing decision tree inducers are very fast due to their greedy approach. In many real-life applications, however, we are willing to allocate more time to get bet-ter decision trees. Our recently introduced LSID3 con-tract anytime algorithm allows computation speed to be traded for better tree quality. As a contract algorithm, LSID3 must be allocated its resources a priori, which is not always possible. In this work, we present IIDT, a general framework for interruptible induction of deci-sion trees that need not be allocated resources a priori. The core of our proposed framework is an iterative im-provement algorithm that repeatedly selects a subtree whose reconstruction is expected to yield the highest marginal utility. The algorithm then rebuilds the sub-tree with a higher allocation of resources. IIDT can also be configured to receive training examples as they be-come available, and is thus appropriate for incremental learning tasks. Empirical evaluation with several hard concepts shows that IIDT exhibits good anytime behav-ior and significantly outperforms greedy inducers when more time is available. A comparison of IIDT to several modern decision tree learners showed it to be superior.
Prioritizing relevance judgments to improve the construction of IR test collections (2011)

We consider the problem of optimally allocating a fixed budget to construct a test collection with associated relevance judgements, such that it can (i) accurately evaluate the relative performance of the participating systems, and (ii) generalize to new, previously unseen systems. We propose a two stage approach. For a given set of queries, we adopt the traditional pooling method and use a portion of the budget to evaluate a set of documents retrieved by the participating systems. Next, we analyze the relevance judgments to prioritize the queries and remaining pooled documents for further relevance assessments. The query prioritization is formulated as a convex optimization problem, thereby permitting efficient solution and providing a flexible framework to incorporate various constraints. Query-document pairs with the highest priority scores are evaluated using the remaining budget. We evaluate our resource optimization approach on the TREC 2004 Robust track collection. We demonstrate that our optimization techniques are cost efficient and yield a significant improvement in the reusability of the test collections.
[Animal experimental studies on direct capping with lyophilized homologous dura (Lyodura)]. (1978)

Speech regarding Abraham Lincoln, the Whig party, the Republican party, Progressives, and California. A note by Nancy Harper Carston is enclosed, identifying Hiram Johnson as Theodore Roosevelt's running mate in 1912.
Learning Probabilistic Relational Models with Structural Uncertainty (2000)

Most real-world data is stored in relational form. In contrast, most statistical learning methods, e.g., Bayesian network learning, work only with &amp;quot;flat&amp;quot; data representations, forcing us to convert our data into a form that loses much of the relational structure. The recently introduced framework of probabilistic relational models (PRMs) allow us to represent much richer dependency structures, involving multiple entities and the relations between them; they allow the properties of an entity to depend probabilistically on properties of related entities. Friedman et al. showed how to learn PRMs that model the attribute uncertainty in relational data, and presented techniques for learning both parameters and probabilistic dependency structure for the attributes in a relational model. In this work, we propose methods for handling structural uncertainty in PRMs. Structural uncertainty is uncertainty over which entities are related in our domain. We propose two mechanisms for...
Amiprilose in the prevention of restenosis after coronary intervention in a swine model (1993)

Amiprilose hydrochloride did not prevent coronary intimal proliferation in this swine model of restenosis.
Krauklis Wave in a Symmetric Trilayer Model (2012)

The Krauklis wave is a slow dispersive wave mode that propagates in a fluid layer bounded by elastic media. There are indications that Krauklis wave plays a significant role in a variety of wave propagation phenomena in seismology, acoustics, engineering and hearing physiology. This is defined by its large amplitudes, high dispersion and confinement to the fractures filled with fluid. In the prospecting seismology Krauklis wave might be an important component of the hydro-fracturing, seismic wave propagation in fractured reservoirs, and fracture detection. The obtained asymptote solutions revealed good coincidence with the exact solutions. The found analytical conditions accurately evaluate the transitions between different asymptote. Resonance conditions for the Krauklis wave predict existence of resonances within the seismic frequency range at a laboratory scale. If verified, this will allow experimental studies of the Krauklis waves in a variety of realistic models that simulate fractures filled with fluids.
Protocols for high-speed networks V : TC6 WG6.1/6.4 Fifth International Workshop on Protocols for High-speed Networks (PfHSN '96), 28-30 October 1996, Sophia Antipolis, France (1997)

Part One: Transmission control. Part Two: Video over ATM. Part Three: Communication Systems Architectu re. Part Four: Group Communication. Part Five: ILP. Part Six: QoS. Index of contributors. Keyword index.
Constrained resource allocation for OFDMA cognitive radio networks with primary users activity consideration (2012)

In this paper, we consider resource allocation for downlink OFDMA-based cognitive radio (CR) networks. Instead of using only channel information, the statistics of the sensing information conditioned on the primary user (PU) activity is also incorporated in the design and the optimization of the resource allocation. The objective is to maximize the ergodic weighted sum-rate under total power constraint and a per subcarrier based interference power constraint to protect primary users. We develop an optimal solution method and propose a closed-form suboptimal solution with a complexity of O(KN) for K users and N subcarriers. Simulation results are provided to compare the performance of this method with other allocation schemes and to illustrate the trade-off between maximized ergodic weighted sum rate and the constraints.
Supplementary Legends for Tables 1-4 and Figures 1-7 from Kinase Pathway Dependence in Primary Human Leukemias Determined by Rapid Inhibitor Screening (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 64K&lt;/p&gt;
Application of Deep Reinforcement Learning to Payment Fraud (2021)

The large variety of digital payment choices available to consumers today has been a key driver of e-commerce transactions in the past decade. Unfortunately, this has also given rise to cybercriminals and fraudsters who are constantly looking for vulnerabilities in these systems by deploying increasingly sophisticated fraud attacks. A typical fraud detection system employs standard supervised learning methods where the focus is on maximizing the fraud recall rate. However, we argue that such a formulation can lead to sub-optimal solutions. The design requirements for these fraud models requires that they are robust to the high-class imbalance in the data, adaptive to changes in fraud patterns, maintain a balance between the fraud rate and the decline rate to maximize revenue, and be amenable to asynchronous feedback since usually there is a significant lag between the transaction and the fraud realization. To achieve this, we formulate fraud detection as a sequential decision-making problem by including the utility maximization within the model in the form of the reward function. The historical decline rate and fraud rate define the state of the system with a binary action space composed of approving or declining the transaction. In this study, we primarily focus on utility maximization and explore different reward functions to this end. The performance of the proposed Reinforcement Learning system has been evaluated for two publicly available fraud datasets using Deep Q-learning and compared with different classifiers. We aim to address the rest of the issues in future work.
ChemInform Abstract: Furanosesquiterpene Synthesis. An Updated Review (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Diet With Docosahexaenoic and Arachidonic Acids as the Sole Source of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Is Sufficient to Support Visual, Cognitive, Motor, and Social Development in Mice (2019)

Polyunsaturated fatty acids serve multiple functions in neurodevelopment and neurocognitive function. Intravenous lipid emulsions are administered to children that are dependent on parenteral nutrition to provide the essential fatty acids needed to sustain growth and development. One of these emulsions, derived from fish-oil, is particularly poor in the traditional essential fatty acids, linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids. However, it does contain adequate amounts of its main derivatives, arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), respectively. This skewed composition has raised concern about the sole use of fish-oil based lipid emulsions in children and how its administration can be detrimental to their neurodevelopment. Using a custom-made diet that contains ARA and DHA as a sole source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, we bred and fed mice for multiple generations. Compared to adult, chow-fed mice, animals maintained on this special diet showed similar outcomes in a battery of neurocognitive tests performed under controlled conditions. Chow-fed mice did perform better in the rotarod test for ataxia and balance, although both experimental groups showed a conserved motor learning capacity. Conversely, mice fed the custom diet rich in DHA and ARA showed less neophobia than the chow-fed animals. Results from these experiments suggest that providing a diet where ARA and DHA are the sole source of polyunsaturated fatty acids is sufficient to support gross visual, cognitive, motor, and social development in mice.
Comparison of neuronal network models for tinnitus management by sound therapy (2009)

Tinnitus is a condition in which sounds heard in the ear or head without any external sound. There are many therapeutic approaches for tinnitus and sound therapy is one of the techniques for its treatment that have been proposed. In order to investigate mechanisms of tinnitus generation and the clinical effects of sound therapy from the viewpoint of neural engineering, we have proposed computational models with plasticity and inhibitory feedback using a neural oscillator or model neurons described by simplified Hodgkin-Huxley equations. By hypothesizing that the oscillation and the non-oscillatory state in the models correspond to generation and inhibition of tinnitus, respectively, we found out that the models could explain the fact that the habituated human auditory system temporarily halts perception of tinnitus following sound therapy. However, a simpler model without inhibitory feedback can exhibit the solutions that exist in the former models. In the present paper, outcomes of the neuronal network model, which is incorporated with inhibitory feedback, are compared with the model without inhibitory feedback. It was revealed that the former is superior since it has a larger parameter region in which the effects of sound therapy can be restored due to synaptic plasticity.
Effect of Na<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub> Addition to Nasicon-Type Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3 </sub>single-Phase All-Solid-State Battery (2020)

All-solid-state rechargeable batteries(ASSBs) have been attracting much attention in recent years as an alternative to conventional lithium ion batteries because ASSBs have various advantages such as safety with nonflammable inorganic electrolytes, high energy density. While solid electrolytes which show excellent conductivity of 10 -2 S cm -1 were reported in the sulfide-based materials, particularly oxide-based solid-state cell shows large interfacial resistance and prevents commercialization of ASSBs. To address this issue, we have revealed NASICON-type Na 3-x V 2-x Zr x (PO 4 ) 3 operates as “single-phase” all- solid-state batteries that were fabricated from a single material [1]. In addition, we have reported the addition of Li 3 BO 3 to a single-phase all-solid-state battery using NASICON-type Li 1.5 Cr 0.5 Ti 1.5 (PO 4 ) 3 (LCTP) to improve the packing density and the lithium-ionic conductivity [2]. In this work, based on the above results, we investigate the effect of the addition of Na 3 BO 3 to the NASICON-type Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (NVP) to enhance their electrochemical properties. NVP were prepared using conventional solid-state reaction method. NaH 2 PO 4 and V 2 O 5 were mixed in a molar ratio of 3:1. The mixture were sintered twice at 900℃ for 20 h with intermediate regrinding. Both sintering were performed under Ar + H 2 (5 vol.%) atmosphere. To obtain Na 3 BO 3 , NaOH and H 3 BO 3 were mixed in a molar ratio of 3.2:1 inside an Ar-filled glove box and heated at 400℃ and 450℃ under Ar atmosphere. The obtained NVP was pelletized and annealed at 900℃ for 5 h under Ar + H 2 atmosphere. To prepare a NVP-Na 3 BO 3 composite pellet, NVP powder and Na 3 BO 3 powder were mixed in a molar ratio of 95:5 and sintered under the same condition. A thin platinum layer was sputtered on both sides of the pellet as a current collector. Electrochemical measurements were carried out with HS cell (Hohsen Corp.) as the experimental cell. Figure 1a and 1b show the SEM images of NVP and NVP-Na 3 BO 3 . As is clear from them, it is found that by Na 3 BO 3 addition to NVP, many voids between the NVP particles are filled and the packing density is improved. Regarding the cyclability of the NVP-Na 3 BO 3 single-phase cell, a reproducible strange behavior with increasing the utilization on cycling is observed as shown in Figure 1c. However, the similar behavior has been reported for other NVP single-phase batteries [1]. It seems that the conduction path in the system develops and the area that can be used as cathode/anode increases with repeated cycling. Acknowledgement This work was supported by Element Strategy Initiative of MEXT, Grant Number JPMXP0112101003. References [1] A. Inoishi, T. Omuta, E. Kobayashi, A. Kitajou, S. Okada, Adv. Mater. Interf. , 4 (2017) 1600942. [2] A. Nishio, A. Inoishi, A. Kitajou, S. Okada, J. Ceram. Soc. Japan, 127 (1) (2019) 18-21 Figure 1
Autoantibody Signature Differentiates Wilms Tumor Patients from Neuroblastoma Patients (2011)

Several studies report autoantibody signatures in cancer. The majority of these studies analyzed adult tumors and compared the seroreactivity pattern of tumor patients with the pattern in healthy controls. Here, we compared the autoimmune response in patients with neuroblastoma and patients with Wilms tumor representing two different childhood tumors. We were able to differentiate untreated neuroblastoma patients from untreated Wilms tumor patients with an accuracy of 86.8%, a sensitivity of 87.0% and a specificity of 86.7%. The separation of treated neuroblastoma patients from treated Wilms tumor patients' yielded comparable results with an accuracy of 83.8%. We furthermore identified the antigens that contribute most to the differentiation between both tumor types. The analysis of these antigens revealed that neuroblastoma was considerably more immunogenic than Wilms tumor. The reported antigens have not been found to be relevant for comparative analyses between other tumors and controls. In summary, neuroblastoma appears as a highly immunogenic tumor as demonstrated by the extended number of antigens that separate this tumor from Wilms tumor.