gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nivetetracyclates A and B: Novel Compounds Isolated from <i>Streptomyces niveus</i> (2013)

A high-throughput screening of a microbial natural product library led to the discovery of two novel compounds named nivetetracyclates A and B (1 and 2), which were produced by Streptomyces niveus designated as LS2151. The backbone of the compounds contains a hydrotetracyclate not previously reported from a natural source. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The nivetetracyclates exhibited activity against human HeLa cells.
Alternative splicing modulation by G-quadruplexes. (2019)

Alternative splicing is central to metazoan gene regulation, but the regulatory mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we show that G-quadruplex (G4) motifs are enriched ~3-fold near splice junctions. The importance of G4s in RNA is emphasised by a higher enrichment for the non-template strand. RNA-seq data from mouse and human neurons reveals an enrichment of G4s at exons that were skipped following depolarisation induced by potassium chloride. We validate the formation of stable RNA G4s for three candidate splice sites by circular dichroism spectroscopy, UV-melting and fluorescence measurements. Moreover, we find that sQTLs are enriched at G4s, and a minigene experiment provides further support for their role in promoting exon inclusion. Analysis of &gt;1,800 high-throughput experiments reveals multiple RNA binding proteins associated with G4s. Finally, exploration of G4 motifs across eleven species shows strong enrichment at splice sites in mammals and birds, suggesting an evolutionary conserved splice regulatory mechanism.
Recent experience of LUS in hot deformation of steels using Gleeble and rolling experiments (2017)

Recent experience of LUS in hot deformation of steels using Gleeble and rolling experiments
Deformation and fatigue behaviour of additively manufactured Scalmalloy® with bimodal microstructure (2023)

Laser powder bed fusion produced Scalmalloy® is a high potential candidate in aerospace industry. However, fatigue properties are the Achilles heel of additive manufacturing process, impeding high-performance fatigue loaded applications. This paper aims to unveil the impact of unique bimodal microstructure on the quasi-static tensile and the fatigue properties. It is shown that the material intrinsic fatigue strength of Scalmalloy® outperforms its additively manufactured aluminium counterparts significantly, already reaching values of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V. Moreover, by evaluating the R-curve for Scalmalloy®, short crack growth was also taken into consideration for the analysis of the fatigue behaviour, elaborating an advanced Kitagawa-Takahashi diagram.
A Piezoelectric Bellows Round-Window Driver (PBRD) for Middle-Ear Implants (2020)

We describe a new implantable hearing-aid output device, a piezoelectric bellows round-window driver (PBRD), which is expected to be unaffected by external magnetic fields. The core elements of the PBRD are a piezoelectric element and a gold-coated copper bellows of low stiffness that transmits piezoelectric displacements, without significant attenuation, to the round window (RW). We analyzed structural and mechanical vibrations when confirming bellows transmission efficiency using a finite element model simulation. The PBRD was bench-tested under no-load conditions to determine its frequency response characteristics. We compared the outputs of the PBRD and a commercial floating-mass transducer in situ in human cadaveric temporal bones with responses measured using a laser Doppler vibrometer. PBRD outputs were excellent at both low (0.1-0.7 kHz) and high (2-16 kHz) frequencies; thus, the PBRD has the potential to compensate for conductive and/or sensorineural hearing loss. The frequency-response performance of the PBRD is better than that of conventional RW drivers (actuators or transducers).
Perovskite-transition metal dichalcogenides heterostructures: recent advances and future perspectives (2022)

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and perovskites are among the most attractive and widely investigated semiconductors in the recent decade. They are promising materials for various applications, such as photodetection, solar energy harvesting, light emission, and many others. Combining these materials to form heterostructures can enrich the already fascinating properties and bring up new phenomena and opportunities. Work in this field is growing rapidly in both fundamental studies and device applications. Here, we review the recent findings in the perovskite-TMD heterostructures and give our perspectives on the future development of this promising field. The fundamental properties of the perovskites, TMDs, and their heterostructures are discussed first, followed by a summary of the synthesis methods of the perovskites and TMDs and the approaches to obtain high-quality interfaces. Particular attention is paid to the TMD-perovskite heterostructures that have been applied in solar cells and photodetectors with notable performance improvement. Finally through our analysis, we propose an outline on further fundamental studies and the promising applications of perovskite-TMD heterostructures.
Validation of GATE simulations of the &lt;sup&gt;176&lt;/sup&gt;Lu intrinsic activity in LSO detectors (2009)

The effects of the intrinsic activity of lutetium-based scintillators such as lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) used in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging have been well documented and is generally not a concern in routine scanning. However, this intrinsic activity can become problematic when using a wide energy window or in low count rate scenarios such as cell trafficking studies in small animal imaging. To date, no systematic validation of Monte Carlo simulations of the intrinsic <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">176</sup> Lu activity has been performed, making it difficult to incorporate them into the design and simulation of proposed scanners. This study seeks to validate Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission (GATE) simulations of the <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">176</sup> Lu intrinsic activity in LSO based detectors against data gathered from a pair of LSO-based Siemens Inveon detectors. Measurements from two opposing detector modules were acquired using NIM electronics and a PC based data acquisition (DAQ) card. The detectors were characterized by determining the count rate due to intrinsic coincidence events vs. detector separation while stepping the lower level discriminator (LLD). Monte Carlo simulations were performed using GATE to reproduce the geometry of the bench-top measurements made with the two detectors, modeling the intrinsic activity of the <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">176</sup> Lu as an ion source located within the scintillator crystals. Initial measurements show good agreement between the simulated and measured results. Intrinsic coincidence count rates are in good agreement at all distances, diverging when the LLD is stepped to a level near an intrinsic photopeak. The bench-top setup results require minor refinement to improve the accuracy of measurements at low energy levels which will be done before completing validation of the simulation results.
Front-end intelligence for large-scale application-oriented internet-of-things (2016)

The Internet-of-things (IoT) refer to the massive integration of electronic devices, vehicles, buildings, and other objects to collect and exchange data. It is the enabling technology for a plethora of applications touching various aspects of our lives, such as healthcare, wearables, surveillance, home automation, smart manufacturing, and intelligent automotive systems. Existing IoT architectures are highly centralized and heavily rely on a back-end core network for all decision-making processes. This may lead to inefficiencies in terms of latency, network traffic management, computational processing, and power consumption. In this paper, we advocate the empowerment of front-end IoT devices to support the back-end network in fulfilling end-user applications requirements mainly by means of improved connectivity and efficient network management. A novel conceptual framework is presented for a new generation of IoT devices that will enable multiple new features for both the IoT administrators as well as end users. Exploiting the recent emergence of software-defined architecture, these smart IoT devices will allow fast, reliable, and intelligent management of diverse IoT-based applications. After highlighting relevant shortcomings of the existing IoT architectures, we outline some key design perspectives to enable front-end intelligence while shedding light on promising future research directions.
286. Genome Editing of Inducible Cell Lines for Scalable Production of Improved Lentiviral Vectors for Human Gene Therapy (2016)

Lentiviral vectors (LVs) represent efficient and versatile vehicles for gene therapy. Current manufacturing of clinical-grade LVs mostly relies on transient transfection of plasmids expressing the multiple vector components. This method is labor and cost intensive and becomes challenging when facing the need of scale-up and standardization. The development of stable LV producer cell lines will greatly facilitate overcoming these hurdles. We have generated an inducible LV packaging cell line, carrying the genes encoding for third-generation vector components stably integrated in the genome under the control of tetracycline-regulated promoters. These LV packaging cells are stable in culture even after single-cell cloning and can be scaled up to large volumes. In order to minimize the immunogenicity of LVs for in vivo administration, we set out to remove the highly polymorphic class-I major histocompatibility complexes (MHC-I) expressed on LV packaging cells and incorporated in the LV envelope. We performed genetic disruption of the β-2 microglobulin (B2M) gene, a required component for the assembly and trafficking of all MHC-I to the plasma membrane in LV producer cells, exploiting the RNA-guided Cas9 nuclease. The resulting B2M-negative cells were devoid of surface-exposed MHC-I and produced MHC-free LVs. These LVs retain their infectivity on all tested cells in vitro and efficiently transduced the mouse liver upon intravenous administration. Strikingly, the MHC-free LVs showed significantly reduced immunogenicity in a T-cell activation assay performed on human primary T cells co-cultured with syngeneic monocytes exposed to LV, from several (n=7) healthy donors. To reproducibly generate LV-producer cell lines from these cells, we insert the LV genome of interest in the AAVS1 locus, chosen for robust expression, exploiting engineered nucleases and homology-directed repair. By this strategy, we have obtained several independent producer cell lines for LVs that express marker or therapeutic genes and are devoid of plasmid DNA contamination. LVs produced by these cells reproducibly show titer and infectivity within the lower bound range of standard optimized transient transfection, and effectively transduce relevant target cells, such as hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and T cells ex vivo and the mouse liver in vivo. Overall, we provide evidence that rationally designed targeted genome engineering can be used to improve the yield, quality, safety and sustainability of LV production for clinical use.
Dual Targeting of Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2: A proposed Approach to SARS-CoV-2 Treatment (2021)

Keywords:: ACE2angiotensin-converting enzyme 2coronaviruscoronavirus disease 2019COVID-19SARS-CoV-2TLR4Toll-like receptor
ChemInform Abstract: Chain‐Growth Condensation Polymerization for the Synthesis of Well‐Defined Condensation Polymers and π‐Conjugated Polymers (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Photonics for aerospace sensors (1992)

The maturation in the state-of-the-art of optical components is enabling increased applications for the technology. Most notable is the ever-expanding market for fiber optic data and communications links, familiar in both commercial and military markets. The inherent properties of optics and photonics, however, have suggested that components and processors may be designed that offer advantages over more commonly considered digital approaches for a variety of airborne sensor and signal processing applications. Various academic, industrial, and governmental research groups have been actively investigating and exploiting these properties of high bandwidth, large degree of parallelism in computation (e.g., processing in parallel over a two-dimensional field), and interconnectivity, and have succeeded in advancing the technology to the stage of systems demonstration. Such advantages as computational throughput and low operating power consumption are highly attractive for many computationally intensive problems. This review covers the key devices necessary for optical signal and image processors, some of the system application demonstration programs currently in progress, and active research directions for the implementation of next-generation architectures.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with severe aortic stenosis and concomitant mitral stenosis (2014)

Objectives: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an approved method in high risk patients with aortic stenosis unsuitable for surgical intervention. There are some reservations about transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with concomitant mitral stenosis because of the risk of intraoperative or postoperative cardiac decompensation and a benefit for these patients that is arguable. The risk for hemodynamic decompensation in TAVI with concomitant mitral stenosis is mainly caused by decreased periprocedural diastolic inflow in often severely hypertophic ventricles where a high preload is needed for sufficient hemodynamics. We have analyzed the outcome of 11 patients with mitral stenosis having undergone TAVI in our institution.
Dual-wavelength method for high-density magneto-optic data storage at blue wavelengths (1994)

Dielectric multilayer antireflection coatings using TiO(2), SiO(2), Si(3)N(4), and Al(2)O(3) produce optimal results for a dual-wavelength optical data storage system to reduce the power requirement and enhance the Kerr rotation at blue wavelengths.
Solvent‐Dependent Reversible Ligand Exchange in Nickel Complexes of a Monosulfide Bis(diphenylphosphino)(<i>N</i>‐thioether)amine (2013)

The coordination chemistry of the DPPA-type functional phosphine bis(diphenylphosphino)(N-thioether)amine N(PPh2)2(CH2)3SMe () and its monosulfide derivative, (Ph2P)N{P(S)Ph2}(CH2)3SMe (1·S), towards Ni(II) precursors has been investigated. The crystal structures of N{P(S)Ph2}2(CH2)3SMe (1·S2), [NiCl2{(Ph2P)2N(CH2)3SMe-P,P}] (2), [NiCl2((Ph2P)N{P(S)Ph2}(CH2)3SMe-P,S)] (3), [Ni((Ph2P)N{P(S)Ph2}(CH2)3SMe-P,S)2]NiCl4 (3'), [Ni((Ph2P)N{P(S)Ph2}(CH2)3SMe-P,S)2](BF4)2 (4), and [Ni((Ph2P)NH{P(S)Ph2}-P,S)2]Cl2 (5) have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In all of the complexes with the hybrid ligand 1·S, P,S-chelation to the Ni(II) center is observed. Despite the stability generally associated with five-membered ring chelation, easy migration of this LL'-type P,S-chelating ligand from one metal center to another was observed, which accounts for the reversible ligand-redistribution reaction occurring in the equilibrium between the neutral, diamagnetic complex [NiCl2LL'] and the paramagnetic ion-pair [Ni(LL')2][NiCl4]. Detailed investigations by multinuclear NMR, UV/Vis, and FTIR spectroscopic methods and DFT calculations are reported. Each of the formula isomers 3 and 3' can be selectively obtained, depending on the experimental conditions.
Landsat-7 ETM+ radiometric calibration status (2016)

Now in its 17<sup>th</sup> year of operation, the Enhanced Thematic Mapper + (ETM+), on board the Landsat-7 satellite, continues to systematically acquire imagery of the Earth to add to the 40+ year archive of Landsat data. Characterization of the ETM+ on-orbit radiometric performance has been on-going since its launch in 1999. The radiometric calibration of the reflective bands is still monitored using on-board calibration devices, though the Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites (PICS) method has proven to be an effect tool as well. The calibration gains were updated in April 2013 based primarily on PICS results, which corrected for a change of as much as -0.2%/year degradation in the worst case bands. A new comparison with the SADE database of PICS results indicates no additional degradation in the updated calibration. PICS data are still being tracked though the recent trends are not well understood. The thermal band calibration was updated last in October 2013 based on a continued calibration effort by NASA/Jet Propulsion Lab and Rochester Institute of Technology. The update accounted for a 0.31 W/m<sup>2</sup> sr μm bias error. The updated lifetime trend is now stable to within +/- 0.4K.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines and β‐Carbolines. (2015)

Abstract A microwave‐assisted Pictet‐Spengler reaction yields tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines as TFA or HCl salts depending on work‐up.
Equivariance and Invariance Inductive Bias for Learning from Insufficient Data (2022)

We are interested in learning robust models from insufficient data, without the need for any externally pre-trained checkpoints. First, compared to sufficient data, we show why insufficient data renders the model more easily biased to the limited training environments that are usually different from testing. For example, if all the training swan samples are "white", the model may wrongly use the "white" environment to represent the intrinsic class swan. Then, we justify that equivariance inductive bias can retain the class feature while invariance inductive bias can remove the environmental feature, leaving the class feature that generalizes to any environmental changes in testing. To impose them on learning, for equivariance, we demonstrate that any off-the-shelf contrastive-based self-supervised feature learning method can be deployed; for invariance, we propose a class-wise invariant risk minimization (IRM) that efficiently tackles the challenge of missing environmental annotation in conventional IRM. State-of-the-art experimental results on real-world benchmarks (VIPriors, ImageNet100 and NICO) validate the great potential of equivariance and invariance in data-efficient learning. The code is available at https://github.com/Wangt-CN/EqInv
Strain and thermal conductivity in ultrathin suspended silicon nanowires (2017)

We report on the uniaxial strain and thermal conductivity of well-ordered, suspended silicon nanowire arrays between 10 to 20 nm width and 22 nm half-pitch, fabricated by extreme-ultraviolet (UV) interference lithography. Laser-power-dependent Raman spectroscopy showed that nanowires connected monolithically to the bulk had a consistent strain of $\ensuremath{\sim}0.1%$, whereas nanowires clamped by metal exhibited variability and high strain of up to 2.3%, having implications in strain engineering of nanowires. The thermal conductivity at room temperature was measured to be $\ensuremath{\sim}1\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{W}/\mathrm{m}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ for smooth nanowires and $\ensuremath{\sim}0.1\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{W}/\mathrm{m}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ for rougher ones, similar to results by other investigators. We found no modification of the bulk properties in terms of intrinsic scattering, and therefore, the decrease in thermal conductivity is mainly due to boundary scattering. Different types of surface roughness, such as constrictions and line-edge roughness, may play roles in the scattering of phonons of different wavelengths. Such low thermal conductivities would allow for very efficient thermal energy harvesting, approaching and passing values achieved by state-of-the-art thermoelectric materials.
Methodology for Establishing a Community-Wide Life Laboratory for Capturing Unobtrusive and Continuous Remote Activity and Health Data (2018)

Methodology For Establishing A Community-wide Life Laboratory For Capturing Unobtrusive And Continuous Remote Activity And Health Data - Video. JoVE publishes peer-reviewed scientific video protocols to accelerate biological, medical, chemical and physical research. Watch our scientific video articles. JoVE is the world-leading producer and provider of science videos with the mission to improve scientific research, scientific journals, and education. Millions of scientists, educators and students at thousands of universities, colleges, hospitals and biopharmaceutical companies worldwide use JoVE for their research, teaching and learning.
Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications with Urban Intersection Path Loss\n Models (2016)

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication can improve road safety and traffic\nefficiency, particularly around critical areas such as intersections. We\nanalytically derive V2V success probability near an urban intersection, based\non empirically supported line-of-sight (LOS), weak-line-of-sight (WLOS), and\nnon-line-of-sight (NLOS) channel models. The analysis can serve as a\npreliminary design tool for performance assessment over different system\nparameters and target performance requirements.\n
Figure S4 from Hormone-Dependent Prostate Cancers are Dependent on Rac Signaling for Growth and Survival (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 4. Rac inhibition in Prostate Cancer. (A) Migration Assay on DU145 cells treated with vehicle or GYS32661. (B) Pan-Kinase RPPA analysis of LnCaP cells treated with vehicle or GYS32661.&lt;/p&gt;
Colloidal Aggregation and the <i>in Vitro</i> Activity of Traditional Chinese Medicines (2015)

Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) have been the sole source of therapeutics in China for two millennia. In recent drug discovery efforts, purified components of TCM formulations have shown activity in many in vitro assays, raising concerns of promiscuity. Here, we investigated 14 bioactive small molecules isolated from TCMs for colloidal aggregation. At concentrations commonly used in cell-based or biochemical assay conditions, eight of these compounds formed particles detectable by dynamic light scattering and showed detergent-reversible inhibition against β-lactamase and malate dehydrogenase, two counter-screening enzymes. When three of these compounds were tested against their literature-reported molecular targets, they showed similar reversal of their inhibitory activity in the presence of detergent. For three of the most potent aggregators, contributions to promiscuity via oxidative cycling were investigated; addition of 1 mM DTT had no effect on their activity, which is inconsistent with an oxidative mechanism. TCMs are often active at micromolar concentrations; this study suggests that care must be taken to control for artifactual activity when seeking their primary targets. Implications for the formulation of these molecules are considered.
Highly efficient Q-switched Yb:YAG channel waveguide laser with 56  W of average output power (2016)

In this Letter, we present high-power continuous wave (CW) and Q-switched femtosecond laser-written Yb:YAG channel waveguide lasers. In Q-switched operation, obtained by a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM), as well as in CW operation, the laser generates average output powers of more than 5.6 W and reaches slope efficiencies above 74%. The Q-switched laser operated at a maximum repetition rate of 5.4 MHz with a minimum pulse duration of 11 ns, and with a maximum pulse energy of 1 μJ. This laser has almost an order of magnitude higher average output power than previously reported Q-switched channel waveguide lasers.