gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Volumetric plasmonic resonators for very thin organic solar cells (2010)

New-generation thin-film solar cells are designed to feature very thin layers of active material in the order of tens of nanometers, which conveniently offers the advantage of cost reduction. However, this kind of architectures undesirably suffers limited total optical absorption of incident photons in these active layers. To address this problem, there has been an increasing interest in designing plasmonic structures around the active layers for enhancing their total optical absorption. Using a single layer of such plasmonic structures either on the top or at the bottom of these absorbing layers has been extensively studied in the literature. In this work, different than the previous reports, we focus on a new design concept of volumetric plasmonic resonators that relies on the idea of coupling two (or more) layers of coupled plasmonic structures embedded in the organic solar cells. For this, here we incorporate one silver grating on the top of the absorbing layer and another at the bottom of the active layer in order to couple them with each other such that field localization is further increased within the volume of the active material between gratings. In addition to individual plasmonic resonances of these metallic structures, this allows us to take the advantage of the vertical interaction in the volumetric resonator. This interaction contributes to further enhancement of optical absorption in the active layer, beyond the limited photon absorption in non-metallic (bare) organic solar cell. Our results show that this architecture exhibits a substantial absorption enhancement performance particularly under the transverse magnetic (TM) polarized illumination, while the optical absorption is maintained at a similar under the transverse electric (TE) polarized illumination. As a result, the optical absorption in the active layer is enhanced up to ~67%.
Tennis Injuries (2015)

Tennis places high loads on the joints of players, with supraphysiologic forces being generated at the shoulder and elbow hundreds of times per match. Acute injuries tend to affect the lower extremity; chronic injuries usually involve the upper extremity. Commonly encountered upper extremity conditions include rotator cuff injury, internal impingement, superior labral tears, and epicondylitis of the elbow. Serving is the most strenuous stroke in tennis, with the highest peak muscle activity in the shoulder and forearm occurring during this stroke. The kinetic chain links upper extremity, lower extremity, and core muscle segments by transmitting coordinated activation and motion; in this regard, any pathologic process that disturbs the groin, hip, and abdominal musculature can further result in an increased risk of injury to the shoulder and upper extremity. Evolution in equipment and in play surfaces has also affected the type and frequency of injuries. Prevention programs that address the muscular imbalances throughout the kinetic chain may help reduce the incidence of both acute and chronic injuries experienced by tennis athletes.
Examination of ‘lipotoxicity’ in skeletal muscle of high‐fat fed and <i>ob</i> / <i>ob</i> mice (2009)

Excess lipid accumulation resulting from an elevated supply of plasma fatty acids is linked to the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome and heart disease. The term 'lipotoxicity' was coined to describe how lipid accumulation leads to cellular dysfunction and death in non-adipose tissues including the heart, pancreas and liver. While lipotoxicity has been shown in cultured skeletal muscle cells, the degree of lipotoxicity in vivo and the functional consequences are unresolved. We studied three models of fatty acid overload in male mice: 5 h Intralipid((R)) and heparin infusion, prolonged high fat feeding (HFF) and genetic obesity induced by leptin deficiency (ob/ob mice). Markers of apoptosis, proteolysis and autophagy were assessed as readouts of lipotoxicity. The Intralipid((R)) infusion increased caspase 3 activity in skeletal muscle, demonstrating that enhancing fatty acid flux activates pro-apoptotic pathways. HFF and genetic obesity increased tissue lipid content but did not influence apoptosis. Gene array analysis revealed that HFF reduced the expression of 31 pro-apoptotic genes. Markers of autophagy (LC3beta and beclin-1 expression) were unaffected by HFF and were associated with enhanced Bcl(2) protein expression. Proteolytic activity was similarly unaffected by HFF or in ob/ob mice. Thus, contrary to our previous findings in muscle culture in vitro and in other non-adipose tissues in vivo, lipid overload did not induce apoptosis, autophagy or proteolysis in skeletal muscle. A broad transcriptional suppression of pro-apoptotic proteins may explain this resistance to lipid-induced cell death in skeletal muscle.
Salicylic Acid Biosynthesis in Plants (2020)

Salicylic acid (SA) is an important plant hormone that is best known for mediating host responses upon pathogen infection. Its role in plant defense activation is well established, but its biosynthesis in plants is not fully understood. SA is considered to be derived from two possible pathways; the ICS and PAL pathway, both starting from chorismate. The importance of both pathways for biosynthesis differs between plant species, rendering it hard to make generalizations about SA production that cover the entire plant kingdom. Yet, understanding SA biosynthesis is important to gain insight into how plant pathogen responses function and how pathogens can interfere with them. In this review, we have taken a closer look at how SA is synthesized and the importance of both biosynthesis pathways in different plant species.
Radio frequency and microwave plasma for optical thin-film deposition (1990)

For the next generation of fusion lasers reflecting mirrors with laser damage thresholds of at least 40 J/cm2 for 1 0 ns laser pulses at 1 .064 pm are needed. Up to now, no deposition technique has been developed to produce such mirrors. Best R&D-values realized today are around 30 J/cm2 for e-beam evaporated mirrors. R&D on conventional e-beam coating processes over the last 1 0 years has come up with marginal improvements in laser damage thresholds only. However, new technologies, like PICVD (Plasma-Impulse CVD) developed for the fabrication of ultra-low loss fiber preforms, seem to offer the potential to solve this problem. First results have been reported already [1-3]. It is well known that fused silica produced by CVD processes can have laser damage thresholds as high as 80 J/cm2. However, the thickness of a single deposited film is in the pm-range for most of the CVD-processes used for preform manufacturing; since interference optics need films in the ; /4n range (where n is the refractive index of the dielectric material) the use of preform-fabrication processes for the purpose of interference mirror fabrication is limited to a few plasma based CVD technologies, namely PCVD (Plasma-CVD, Philips [4]; PICVD, SCHOTT [5]). Especially PICVD is a very powerful technology to fabricate thin film multilayers for interference mirrors, because this technique is able to produce films down to monolayer thickness with nearly perfect stoichiometry and morphology. In first and preliminary experiments the usual deposition in a circular tube at high temperatures has been used for simplicity. However, to produce large area high quality laser mirrors this principle know-how has to be transfered from circular to planar geometry. Experiments showed, that there may be some limitations with respect to the homogeneity of a planar deposition using microwave excitation for the plasma. Therefore experiments have been performed in parallel with both RF and microwave excitation for comparison. In the following we will restrict ourselves to the description and discussions of the planar processes; the principle and details of the PICVD-process are described elsewhere [5] while RF-plasma technology is a well known process.
Accumulation of alpha-synuclein in autonomic nerves in pure autonomic failure (2001)

Pure autonomic failure is a progressive, adult-onset, degenerative disorder of the autonomic nervous system characterized clinically by orthostatic hypotension, and bladder and sexual dysfunction with no other associated neurologic deficits1. Pure autonomic failure is one of three disorders classified as primary autonomic failure, the other two being PD and multiple system atrophy.1 Alpha-synuclein, a 140-amino-acid protein, accumulates in cytoplasmic inclusions in affected brain areas of patients with PD2 and with multiple system atrophy.3 Here, we show that alpha-synuclein accumulates in cytoplasmic inclusions in brainstem nuclei and in pre- and postganglionic autonomic neurons of a patient with pure autonomic failure.

The patient was a 63-year-old man with a 15-year history of severe orthostatic hypotension with recurrent syncope, urinary incontinence, erectile failure, and decreased sweating with heat intolerance. No other neurologic deficits were present. Blood pressure dropped markedly on standing, without increase in heart rate. Sympathetic failure was substantiated by low levels of …
Reflections from five years of Sonic Interactions in Virtual Environments workshops (2020)

For the past five years, the authors have been running at the IEEE Virtual Reality Conference a Workshop called Sonic Interactions in Virtual Environments (SIVE). The main goal of the workshop series has been to increase among the virtual reality community awareness of the importance of sonic elements when designing multimodal and immersive virtual environments. Starting from this experience, this paper presents a survey of the main active research topics related to sound in virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR), ranging from basic research in spatial audio rendering and sonic interaction design to applications in interactive environments for training, health, rehabilitation, entertainment, and art. Looking at the different research topics emerging from laboratories worldwide, the paper discusses how different research communities can collaborate and benefit from each other in order to increase sound awareness in VR and AR.
Prediction of Reduced Ion Mobility Constants from Structural Information Using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis and Computational Neural Networks (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPrediction of Reduced Ion Mobility Constants from Structural Information Using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis and Computational Neural NetworksMatthew D. Wessel and Peter C. JursCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 15, 2480–2487Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00087a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00087a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views416Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Applying Association Rules to Study Bipolar Disorder and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder Comorbidity (2018)

Bipolar Disorder (BD) is characterized by mood changes that manifest as depressive episodes alternating with episodes of euphoria, in varying degrees of intensity. Women with BD may experience worsening symptoms during events of their reproductive life, particularly those suffering from Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD). The presence of PMDD in the diagnoses of BD is considered a marker of severity for the disease. In this study, data from a cohort of 1099 women with BD were used for an exploratory analysis using association rules in order to find associations between PMDD and BD symptoms. Of the thousands of generated rules, those that have associations with PMDD were selected and categorized, with confidence levels between 70% and 100%.
Composite-channel InP HEMT for W-band power amplifiers (2003)

We have developed composite-channel InP-InGaAs HEMTs for W-band high power amplifier applications. The optimized 0.15 /spl mu/m T-gate device demonstrated state-of-the-art g/sub m/-I/sub max/ combination. It also showed a 1.5 V improvement in on-state and off-state breakdown over the conventional InP HEMT without degrading the RF performance. A two-stage MMIC power amplifier built on this device delivered 25 dBm output power with 17 dB linear gain at 94 GHz as measured on wafer. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of composite-channel HEMT at 94 GHz with excellent power performance.
100-GHz cooled amplifier residual pm and am noise measurements, noise figure, and jitter calculations (2003)

We report the first definitive PM and AM noise measurements at 100 GHz of indium phosphide (InP) amplifiers operating at 5 K, 77 K, and room temperature. Amplifier gain ranged from +7 to +30 dB, depending on input RF power levels and operating bias current and gate voltages. The measurement system, calibration procedure, and amplifier configuration are described along with strategies for reducing the measurement system noise floor in order to accurately make these measurements. We compute amplifier noise figure with an ideal oscillator signal applied and, based on the PM noise measurements, obtain NF=0.8 dB, or a noise temperature of 59 K. Measurement uncertainty is estimated at /spl plusmn/0.3 dB. Results show that the use of the amplifier with an ideal 100-GHz reference oscillator would set a lower limit on rms clock jitter of 44.2 fs in a 20-ps sampling interval if the power into the amplifier were -31.6 dBm. For comparison, clock jitter is 16 fs with a commercial room-temperature amplifier operating in saturation with an input power of -6.4 dBm.
Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis (2009)

Women in the United States have a 12.3% estimated lifetime risk for developing breast cancer (i.e., 1 in 8 women). However, mortality from breast cancer has decreased slightly, attributed partly to mammographic screening. he NCCN Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis Panel designed these practice guidelines to fa-
Group IV Semiconductors Materials Research: Growth, Characterization and Applications to Electronics and Spintronics (2016)

Abstract This volume is a collection of papers presented at Symposium K “Group IV Semiconductors Materials Research: Growth, Characterization and Applications to Electronics and Spintronics” at the E‐MRS Spring Meeting 2016 held from May 02–06 in Lille, France. During preparation of our symposium we were facing the sad situation that Prof. Jan Vanhellemont, one of the organizers, prematurely died. Jan Vanhellemont was an outstanding materials researcher and the organizers decided, in agreement with the E‐MRS conference chairs, to dedicate Symposium K in memoriam to him. A brief overview of his scientific career, covering more than 35 years in semiconductor materials science, is given in the beginning of this volume. The major challenges for fundamental research and technological development are no more confined to bulk silicon and silicon devices only, but to a variety of silicon‐based structures, such as Si–Ge alloys, nanostructured and nanocomposite materials, thin and thick films, and heteroepitaxial layers on patterned silicon substrates. Their performances are still driven by defect engineering procedures, novel growth techniques, and advanced diagnostics tools. Point defects and extended defects remain in the center of interest for both electronic and photovoltaic applications, where in some cases their engineering represents a unique option for new functionalities, such as the case of spintronic devices. A special session on spintronics was supported by the Fondazione Cariplo (Milano, Italy). The symposium provided a successful forum for scientists from research institutions and industry from all over the world to discuss recent results and new developments in materials research on group IV elements. In total 80 oral and 43 poster presentations made this symposium a fruitful expert meeting.
Grain boundary energy anisotropy: a review (2011)

This paper reviews findings on the anisotropy of the grain boundary energies. After introducing the basic concepts, there is a discussion of fundamental models used to understand and predict grain boundary energy anisotropy. Experimental methods for measuring the grain boundary energy anisotropy, all of which involve application of the Herring equation, are then briefly described. The next section reviews and compares the results of measurements and model calculations with the goal of identifying generally applicable characteristics. This is followed by a brief discussion of the role of grain boundary energies in nucleating discontinuous transitions in grain boundary structure and chemistry, known as complexion transitions. The review ends with some questions to be addressed by future research and a summary of what is known about grain boundary energy anisotropy.
Rab1a rescues the toxicity of PRAF3 (2018)

The PRA1-superfamily member PRAF3 plays pivotal roles in membrane traffic as a GDI displacement factor via physical interaction with a variety of Rab proteins, as well as in the modulation of antioxidant glutathione through its interaction with EAAC1 (SLC1A1). Overproduction of PRAF3 is known to be toxic to the host cells, although the factors capable of cancelling the toxicity remained unknown. We here show that Rab1a can rescue the cytotoxicity caused by PRAF3 possibly by “positively” regulating ER-Golgi trafficking, cancelling the “negative” modulation by PRAF3. Our results illuminate the close physiological relationship between PRAF3 and Rab proteins.
Complex Newton algorithm for blind signal extraction of speech in diffuse noise (2010)

Several recent methods for speech enhancement in presence of diffuse background noise use frequency domain blind signal separation to estimate the diffuse noise and a nonlinear post filter to suppress this estimated noise. This paper presents a frequency domain blind signal extraction method for estimating the diffuse noise in place of the frequency domain blind signal separation. The method is based on the minimization by means of a complex Newton algorithm of a cost function depending of the modulus of the extracted component. The proposed complex Newton method is compared to the gradient descent on the same cost function and to the blind signal separation approach.
Study of second-generation Proximity Gap Suction Development System (PGSD-II) for mask fabrication (2008)

Development process for 3x nm node devices and beyond is becoming a great issue in mask fabrication. The following items, such as uniformity, repeatability, loading effect and defect must be improved. To evolve the development process, TEL, DNP Omron and Toshiba have been jointly developed next generation equipment which is called "Second-generation PGSD (Gen.2)". In this paper, PGSD Gen.2 concept is introduced and its performance is reported.
Halotolerant Marine Rhizosphere-Competent Actinobacteria Promote Salicornia bigelovii Growth and Seed Production Using Seawater Irrigation (2020)

<i>Salicornia bigelovii</i> is a promising halophytic cash crop that grows in seawater of the intertidal zone of the west-north coast of the UAE. This study assess plant growth promoting (PGP) capabilities of halotolerant actinobacteria isolated from rhizosphere of <i>S. bigelovii</i> to be used as biological inoculants on seawater-irrigated <i>S. bigelovii</i> plants. Under laboratory conditions, a total of 39 actinobacterial strains were isolated, of which 22 were tolerant to high salinity (up to 8% w/v NaCl). These strains were further screened for their abilities to colonize <i>S. bigelovii</i> roots <i>in vitro</i>; the most promising ones that produced indole-3-acetic acid, polyamines (PA) or 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase (ACCD) were selected for rhizosphere-competency under naturally competitive environment. Three outstanding rhizosphere-competent isolates, <i>Streptomyces chartreusis</i> (<i>Sc</i>), <i>S. tritolerans</i> (<i>St</i>), and <i>S. rochei</i> (<i>Sr</i>) producing auxins, PA and ACCD, respectively, were investigated individually and as consortium (<i>Sc</i>/<i>St</i>/<i>Sr</i>) to determine their effects on the performance of <i>S. bigelovii</i> in the greenhouse. Individual applications of strains on seawater-irrigated plants significantly enhanced shoot and root dry biomass by 32.3-56.5% and 42.3-71.9%, respectively, in comparison to non-inoculated plants (control). In addition, plants individually treated with <i>Sc</i>, <i>St</i> and <i>Sr</i> resulted in 46.1, 60.0, and 69.1% increase in seed yield, respectively, when compared to control plants. Thus, the synergetic combination of strains had greater effects on <i>S. bigelovii</i> biomass (62.2 and 77.9% increase in shoot and root dry biomass, respectively) and seed yield (79.7% increase), compared to the control treatment. Our results also showed significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05) increases in the levels of photosynthetic pigments, endogenous auxins and PA, but a reduction in the levels of ACC in tissues of plants inoculated with <i>Sc</i>/<i>St</i>/<i>Sr</i>. We conclude that the consortium of isolates was the most effective treatment on <i>S. bigelovii</i> growth; thus confirmed by principal component and correlation analyses. To this best of our knowledge, this is the first report about halotolerant rhizosphere-competent PGP actinobacteria thriving in saline soils that can potentially contribute to promoting growth and increasing yield of <i>S. bigelovii</i>. These halotolerant actinobacterial strains could potentially be exploited as biofertilizers to sustain crop production in arid coastal areas.
Do we really know who has an MGMT methylated glioma? Results of an international survey regarding use of MGMT analyses for glioma (2019)

Although analysis of <i>MGMT</i> methylation status is routine, there is controversy regarding laboratory methods and cutoff level. Most respondents favor development of international consensus guidelines.
Deformation von thermogeformten Teilen (2016)

No AccessThermoformen in der PraxisMay 2016Deformation von thermogeformten TeilenIllig, Peter SchwarzmannIlligSearch for more papers by this author, Peter SchwarzmannSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446449480.020SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2016Pages: 333-340Print ISBN: 978-3-446-44403-4eISBN: 978-3-446-44948-0 Copyright & Permissions© 2016 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF DownloadLoading ...