gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of the BamHI cleavage and unwinding of pBR322 deoxyribonucleic acid by the antitumor drug cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInhibition of the BamHI cleavage and unwinding of pBR322 deoxyribonucleic acid by the antitumor drug cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II)H. Michael Ushay, Thomas D. Tullius, and Stephen J. LippardCite this: Biochemistry 1981, 20, 13, 3744–3748Publication Date (Print):June 23, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 23 June 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00516a012https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00516a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views248Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Photoluminescence studies of self-assembled InAs quantumdots formed on InGaAs/GaAs quantum well (2005)

We have characterized self-assembled InAs quantum dots grown on the top of a single InGaAs/GaAs quantum well (QD's:QW) by measuring photoluminescence (PL) spectra as an effective technique. We have found that the linewidths of the PL peaks for the QD's:QW are narrower than that for the InAs quantum dots grown on a GaAs layer by an amount as large as 35 meV. In addition, the wavelength-integrated PL intensity for the QD's:QW is about twice higher. Within the lateral plane, the energies for the optical transitions stay more or less the same for the QD's:QW whereas for the InAs quantum dots they shift quite a lot from one location to the next. Furthermore, the QD's:QW exhibit much stronger band-filling effect than the InAs quantum dots. In order to explain our experimental results, we have introduced the concept of a strong coupling between the InAs quantum dots and the InGaAs/GaAs quantum well strained by the quantum dots.
The First Total Synthesis of Racemic Chebulic Acid (2021)

Abstract The first total synthesis of racemic chebulic acid is reported, which is the aglycon of several antioxidant ingredients of the fruit of the Terminalia chebula tree. The route started with the straightforward preparation of an indanone‐based β‐oxoester from a benzaldehyde derivative (84 % over the first five steps). The side chain of the target compound was then introduced by conjugated addition of a cuprate reagent derived from dimethyl succinate, which was followed by the first key step of the synthesis: a cerium‐catalyzed α‐hydroxylation of an β‐oxoester. The second key step was the cyanide‐catalyzed ring transformation of the cyclic α‐hydroxy‐β‐oxoester to a δ‐lactone. Finally, chebulic acid was obtained after six‐fold demethylation of three methyl ester moieties and three phenolic ether functions. The overall synthetic route consists of nine consecutive steps and was accomplished in 15 % overall yield.
Carnitines as Mitochondrial Modulators of Oocyte and Embryo Bioenergetics (2022)

Recently, the importance of bioenergetics in the reproductive process has emerged. For its energetic demand, the oocyte relies on numerous mitochondria, whose activity increases during embryo development under a fine regulation to limit ROS production. Healthy oocyte mitochondria require a balance of pyruvate and fatty acid oxidation. Transport of activated fatty acids into mitochondria requires carnitine. In this regard, the interest in the role of carnitines as mitochondrial modulators in oocyte and embryos is increasing. Carnitine pool includes the un-esterified l-carnitine (LC) and carnitine esters, such as acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) and propionyl-l-carnitine (PLC). In this review, carnitine medium supplementation for counteracting energetic and redox unbalance during in vitro culture and cryopreservation is reported. Although most studies have focused on LC, there is new evidence that the addition of ALC and/or PLC may boost LC effects. Pathways activated by carnitines include antiapoptotic, antiglycative, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory signaling. Nevertheless, the potential of carnitine to improve energetic metabolism and oocyte and embryo competence remains poorly investigated. The importance of carnitine as a mitochondrial modulator may suggest that this molecule may exert a beneficial role in ovarian disfunctions associated with metabolic and mitochondrial alterations, including PCOS and reproductive aging.
MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SYSTEM AT TOHOKU UNIVERSITY (2004)

A microbeam analysis system has been developed at Tohoku University for biological applications. Spatial resolution of less than 1 μm has been achieved with a beam current of ~40 pA. In microbeam analysis of biological specimens, simultaneous measurement of structural and elemental properties is very important. Our system is applicable to simultaneous in-air/vacuum PIXE, RBS and STIM analyses. Typical results of biological application are shown.
Manipulating magnetism in the topological semimetal <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>EuCd</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>As</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2020)

${\mathrm{EuCd}}_{2}{\mathrm{As}}_{2}$ is a magnetic semimetal that has the potential of manifesting nontrivial electronic states, depending on its low temperature magnetic ordering. Here, we report the successful synthesis of single crystals of ${\mathrm{EuCd}}_{2}{\mathrm{As}}_{2}$ that order ferromagnetically or antiferromagnetically depending on the level of band filling, thus allowing for the use of magnetism to tune the topological properties within the same host. We explored their physical properties via magnetization, electrical transport, heat capacity, and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements and conclude that ${\mathrm{EuCd}}_{2}{\mathrm{As}}_{2}$ is an excellent, tunable system for exploring the interplay of magnetic ordering and topology.
Pulsed Micro d i s c h a rges and Their Use in Chemical Sensing (2007)

Sweat, a noninvasive metabolic product of normal physiological responses, offers valuable clinical insights into body conditions without causing harm. Key components in sweat, such as urea and glucose, are closely linked to kidney function and blood glucose levels. Portable sweat sensors, equipped with diverse sensing systems, can monitor fluctuations in urea and glucose concentrations, thus providing methods for assessing kidney function and monitoring diabetes. This study presents a flexible, portable microfluidic surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor designed to detect the unique fingerprint of target biomarkers. This flexible, self-adhesive microfluidic chip, constructed from modified polydimethylsiloxane, features silver nanotripods (AgNTs) with densely distributed "hotspots" created via the oblique angle deposition technique. These AgNTs act as active substrates for SERS within the microfluidic platform, enabling direct skin contact to collect, transport, store, and analyze sweat. The chip functions as a quantitative urea sensor with a limit of detection (LOD) of 10<sup>-7</sup> M. For enhanced sensitivity for glucose detection, the SERS substrate is modified with 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid, achieving a LOD of 10<sup>-7</sup> M. This satisfies the measurement requirements for both urea and glucose in sweat under physiological conditions. Furthermore, the one-dimensional convolutional neural network model significantly enhances the accuracy of biomarker detection, facilitating the quantitative analysis of urea and glucose. This advancement contributes to the development of a controlled, convenient, and dynamic biosensing system for personalized point-of-care testing and supports the creation of intelligent wearable and nondestructive devices.
Attractivity criterion on a delayed tick population dynamics equation with a reproductive function $ f(u) = ru^{\gamma}e^{-\sigma u} $ (2022)

The aim of this article is to analyze the delay influence on the attraction for a scalar tick population dynamics equation accompanying two disparate delays. Taking advantage of the fluctuation lemma and some dynamic inequalities, we derive a criterion to assure the persistence and positiveness on the considered model. Furthermore, a time-lag-dependent condition is proposed to insure the global attractivity for the addressed model. Besides, we give some simulation diagrams to substantiate the validity of the theoretical outcomes.
Supersonic Configurations at Low Speeds (SCALOS): Project Background and Progress at University of Washington (2022)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-1803.vid The paper presents historical background and the motivation for the NASA SCALOS project as well as an overview of the project’s teams, tasks, information flow, and collaboration. The focus is on the extensive wind tunnel test program carried out at the University of Washington’s KirstenWind Tunnel in the years 2020-2021. 885 test runs were carried out, covering a rich configuration design space of wing planforms, fuselage shapes, tail designs, engine nacelles integration, as well as the deflection of wing and tail control surfaces. Configuration test repeatability and data corrections are discussed. A detailed list of configurations tested and test runs is provided together with key geometry and test runs information details. A few general comments on the aerodynamic behavior and the aerodynamic design challenges of the slender low-boom configurations that have emerged over the last two decades have been made. Discussions of analysis / test correlations, configuration variation effects, the impact of configuration changes on flight stability and control and on noise will be provided in other publications.
The future of antibiotics (2014)

Antibiotic resistance continues to spread even as society is experiencing a market failure of new antibiotic research and development (R&D). Scientific, economic, and regulatory barriers all contribute to the antibiotic market failure. Scientific solutions to rekindle R&D include finding new screening strategies to identify novel antibiotic scaffolds and transforming the way we think about treating infections, such that the goal is to disarm the pathogen without killing it or modulate the host response to the organism without targeting the organism for destruction. Future economic strategies are likely to focus on 'push' incentives offered by public-private partnerships as well as increasing pricing by focusing development on areas of high unmet need. Such strategies can also help protect new antibiotics from overuse after marketing. Regulatory reform is needed to re-establish feasible and meaningful traditional antibiotic pathways, to create novel limited-use pathways that focus on highly resistant infections, and to harmonize regulatory standards across nations. We need new antibiotics with which to treat our patients. But we also need to protect those new antibiotics from misuse when they become available. If we want to break the cycle of resistance and change the current landscape, disruptive approaches that challenge long-standing dogma will be needed.
Quasiparticle energy bands of NiO in the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>G</mml:mi><mml:mi>W</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>approximation (2005)

We present a first-principles study of the quasiparticle excitations spectrum of NiO. The calculations are performed using the spin-polarized $GW$ approximation in a plane-wave basis set with ab initio pseudopotentials. We find a feature in the band structure which can explain both an absorption edge of 3.1 eV in optical measurements and an energy gap of 4.3 eV found in XPS/BIS measurements. The calculated quasiparticle density of states shows that the oxygen $2p$ peaks overlap with the satellite structure at $\ensuremath{\sim}8\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ below the Fermi level. Finally, we discuss the difference between this work and two previous quasiparticle energy calculations.
Novel noncanonical regulation of soluble VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling by mechanosensitive ion channel TRPV4 (2018)

VEGF signaling via VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2) is a major regulator of endothelial cell (EC) functions, including angiogenesis. Although most studies of angiogenesis focus on soluble VEGF signaling, mechanical signaling also plays a critical role. Here, we examined the consequence of disruption of mechanical signaling on soluble signaling pathways. Specifically, we observed that small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of a mechanosensitive ion channel, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), significantly reduced perinuclear (Golgi) VEGFR2 in human ECs with a concomitant increase in phosphorylation at Y1175 and membrane translocation. TRPV4 knockout (KO) ECs exhibited increased plasma membrane localization of phospho-VEGFR2 compared with normal ECs. The knockdown also increased phospho-VEGFR2 in whole cell lysates and membrane fractions compared with control siRNA-treated cells. siRNA knockdown of TRPV4 enhanced nuclear localization of mechanosensitive transcription factors, yes-associated protein/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif via rho kinase, which were shown to increase VEGFR2 trafficking to the plasma membrane. Furthermore, TRPV4 deletion/knockdown enhanced VEGF-mediated migration in vitro and increased expression of VEGFR2 in vivo in the vasculature of TRPV4 KO tumors compared with wild-type tumors. Our results thus show that TRPV4 channels regulate VEGFR2 trafficking and activation to identify novel cross-talk between mechanical (TRPV4) and soluble (VEGF) signaling that controls EC migration and angiogenesis.-Kanugula, A. K., Adapala, R. K., Midha, P., Cappelli, H. C., Meszaros, J. G., Paruchuri, S., Chilian, W. M., Thodeti, C. K., Novel noncanonical regulation of soluble VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling by mechanosensitive ion channel TRPV4.
Atypical Activation of the Unfolded Protein Response in Cystic Fibrosis Airway Cells Contributes to p38 MAPK-Mediated Innate Immune Responses (2012)

Inflammatory lung disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF); understanding what produces dysregulated innate immune responses in CF cells will be pivotal in guiding the development of novel anti-inflammatory therapies. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms that mediate exaggerated inflammation in CF following TLR signaling, we profiled global gene expression in immortalized human CF and non-CF airway cells at baseline and after microbial stimulation. Using complementary analysis methods, we observed a signature of increased stress levels in CF cells, specifically characterized by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, the unfolded protein response (UPR), and MAPK signaling. Analysis of ER stress responses revealed an atypical induction of the UPR, characterized by the lack of induction of the PERK-eIF2α pathway in three complementary model systems: immortalized CF airway cells, fresh CF blood cells, and CF lung tissue. This atypical pattern of UPR activation was associated with the hyperinflammatory phenotype in CF cells, as deliberate induction of the PERK-eIF2α pathway with salubrinal attenuated the inflammatory response to both flagellin and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. IL-6 production triggered by ER stress and microbial stimulation were both dependent on p38 MAPK activity, suggesting a molecular link between both signaling events. These data indicate that atypical UPR activation fails to resolve the ER stress in CF and sensitizes the innate immune system to respond more vigorously to microbial challenge. Strategies to restore ER homeostasis and normalize the UPR activation profile may represent a novel therapeutic approach to minimize lung-damaging inflammation in CF.
A study on the epidemiology of rosacea in the U.K. (2012)

We quantified incidence rates and characteristics of patients with rosacea diagnosed in clinical practice in a large epidemiological study using primary care data from the U.K. Smoking was associated with a substantially reduced risk of developing rosacea.
Frequent somatic mutations of the APC gene in human pancreatic cancer. (1992)

The APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) gene is responsible for familial adenomatous polyposis and is also associated with the development of sporadic tumors of the colon and stomach. To investigate whether or not mutations of APC play any role in tumors arising in other organs, we examined somatic mutations of this gene in sporadic (nonfamilial) renal cell carcinomas, hepatocellular carcinomas, and cancers of the lung and pancreas. DNAs isolated from tumors were examined by means of a RNase protection analysis, coupled with the polymerase chain reaction followed by DNA sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction products. By screening a part of the APC coding region, we detected somatic mutations in four of ten pancreatic cancers; each of these mutations would yield a truncated APC product due to a 1- or 5-base pair deletion. These results imply that mutations in APC contribute to carcinogenesis in the pancreas.
Playing with Data: Procedural Generation of Adventures from Open Data (2016)

This paper investigates how to generate simple adventure games using open data. We present a system that creates a plot for the player to follow based on associations between Wikipedia articles which link two given topics (in this case people) together. The Wikipedia articles are transformed into game objects (locations, NPCs and items) via constructive algorithms that also rely on geographical information from OpenStreetMaps and visual content from Wikimedia Commons. The different game objects generated in this fashion are linked to- gether via clues which point to one another, while additional false clues and dead ends are added to increase the exploration value of the final adventure game. This information is presented to the user via a set of game screens and images. Inspired by the “Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego?” adventure game, the end result is a generator of chains of followable clues.
On the Identification of Noise Covariances and Adaptive Kalman Filtering: A New Look at a 50 Year-old Problem (2020)

The Kalman filter requires knowledge of the noise statistics; however, the noise covariances are generally &lt;i&gt;unknown&lt;/i&gt;. Although this problem has a long history, reliable algorithms for their estimation are scant, and necessary and sufficient conditions for identifiability of the covariances are in dispute. We address both of these issues in this paper. We first present the necessary and sufficient condition for unknown noise covariance estimation; these conditions are related to the rank of a matrix involving the auto and cross-covariances of a weighted sum of innovations, where the weights are the coefficients of the minimal polynomial of the closed-loop system transition matrix of a stable, but not necessarily optimal, Kalman filter. We present an optimization criterion and a novel six-step approach based on a successive approximation, coupled with a gradient algorithm with adaptive step sizes, to estimate the steady-state Kalman filter gain, the unknown noise covariance matrices, as well as the state prediction (and updated) error covariance matrix. Our approach enforces the structural assumptions on unknown noise covariances and ensures symmetry and positive definiteness of the estimated covariance matrices. We provide several approaches to estimate the unknown measurement noise covariance &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt; via &lt;i&gt;post-fit residuals&lt;/i&gt;, an approach not yet exploited in the literature. The validation of the proposed method on five different test cases from the literature demonstrates that the proposed method significantly outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods. It also offers a number of novel machine learning motivated approaches, such as sequential (one sample at a time) and mini-batch-based methods, to speed up the computations.
Evaluation of the metal binding sites in a recombinant coagulation factor VIII identifies two sites with unique metal binding properties (2013)

Coagulation factor VIII is a glycosylated, non-covalent heterodimer consisting of a heavy chain (A1-A2-B domains) and a light chain (A3-C1-C2 domains). The association of the chains, and the stability and function of the dimer depend on the presence of metal ions. We applied X-ray fluorescence, X-ray crystallographic structure determination with anomalous signals at different wavelengths, and colorimetric measurements to evaluate the metal binding sites in a recombinant factor VIII molecule, turoctocog alfa. We identified a metal binding site in domain A3 dominated by Cu(+) binding and a site in domain A1 dominated by Zn(2+) binding.
A randomized trial of paliperidone palmitate and risperidone long-acting injectable in schizophrenia (2011)

Paliperidone palmitate (PP) is a recently (USA) approved injectable new-generation antipsychotic. This 53-wk, Phase-III double-blind study was designed to assess the non-inferiority of PP to risperidone long-acting injectable (RIS-LAI) in schizophrenia treatment. Acutely symptomatic patients (n=749), with a Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score between 60 and 120 were randomly allocated to gluteal injections of either (a) PP: 50 mg eq. on days 1 and 8, and flexible dosing [25-100 mg eq. (i.e. 39-156 mg USA dosing)] once-monthly; or (b) RIS-LAI: bi-weekly injections of 25 mg on days 8 and 22, and flexible dosing (25-50 mg) starting from day 36, with allowed oral supplementation. Patients (n=747) were 59% men, 92% white, mean (s.d.) age of 41 (11.95) yr and 45% (n=339) completed the study. Mean (s.d.) change from baseline to endpoint in PANSS total score was: -11.6 (21.22) PP; and -14.4 (19.76) RIS-LAI (per-protocol analysis set, primary measure); least-squares means difference was -2.6 (95% CI -5.84 to 0.61), with a prespecified 5-point non-inferiority margin. PP's suboptimal dosing regimen (<150 mg eq. initial dose) resulted in lower median plasma levels of the active moiety in PP-treated vs. RIS-LAI-treated patients. Insomnia was the most common treatment-emergent adverse event, with a similar incidence in both groups (15%). PP did not demonstrate comparable efficacy to RIS-LAI, which may be attributable to the initiation dosing strategy employed. Tolerability of both treatments was comparable to previous studies, with no new safety signals detected.