gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural and Functional Determinants of Rodent and Human Surfactant Protein A: A Synthesis of Binding and Computational Data (2019)

Surfactant protein A (SP-A) provides surfactant stability, first line host defense, and lung homeostasis by binding surfactant phospholipids, pathogens, alveolar macrophages (AMs), and epithelial cells. Non-primates express one SP-A protein whereas humans express two: SP-A1 and SP-A2 with core intra- and inter-species differences in the collagen-like domain. Here, we used macrophages and solid phase binding assays to discern structural correlates of rat (r) and human (h) SP-A function. Binding assays using recombinant rSP-A expressed in insect cells showed that lack of proline hydroxylation, truncations of amino-terminal oligomerization domains, and site-directed serine (S) or alanine (A) mutagenesis of cysteine 6 (C6S), glutamate 195 (E195A), and glutamate 171 (E171A) in the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) all impaired SP-A binding. Replacement of arginine 197 with alanine found in hSP-A (R197A), however, restored the binding of hydroxyproline-deficient rSP-A to the SP-A receptor SP-R210 similar to native rat and human SP-A. <i>In silico</i> calculation of Ca<sup>++</sup> coordination bond length and solvent accessibility surface area revealed that the "humanized" R197A substitution alters topology and solvent accessibility of the Ca<sup>++</sup> coordination residues of the CRD domain. Binding assays in mouse AMs that were exposed to either endogenous SP-A or hSP-A1 (6A<sup>2</sup>) and hSP-A2 (1A<sup>0</sup>) isoforms <i>in vivo</i> revealed that mouse SP-A is a functional hybrid of hSP-A1 and hSP-A2 in regulating SP-A receptor occupancy and binding affinity. Binding assays using neonatal and adult human AMs indicates that the interaction of SP-A1 and SP-A2 with AMs is developmentally regulated. Furthermore, our data indicate that the auxiliary ion coordination loop encompassing the conserved E171 residue may comprise a conserved site of interaction with macrophages, and SP-R210 specifically, that merits further investigation to discern conserved and divergent SP-A functions between species. In summary, our findings support the notion that complex structural adaptation of SP-A regulate conserved and species specific AM functions in vertebrates.
A True Random Number Generator Using Threshold‐Switching‐Based Memristors in an Efficient Circuit Design (2018)

Abstract A true random number generator (TRNG) based on the stochastic delay and relaxation times of the threshold switching (TS) behavior in a Pt/HfO 2 /TiN memristor is proposed. The stochasticities of this device are attributed to its electron trapping and detrapping processes. This electronic‐switching‐based memristor exhibits several advantages, such as low power consumption and high reliability. A new circuit is designed to improve the simplicity, miniaturization, and lifetime of TRNG. The bitstreams collected from this TRNG pass the National Institute of Standards and Technology randomness tests without postprocessing, verifying the feasibility of adopting the memristor in hardware security applications. The bit generation rate in this work is sufficient for encryption applications requiring low power and low speed.
Tetrabenazine and subthalamic stimulation in graft-induced dyskinesias (2017)

Putaminal fetal ventral mesencephalic stem cell transplantation has been advocated as a sustainable treatment for Parkinson disease (PD). Double-blind randomized clinical trials have inconclusively proven their benefit in the motor symptoms of PD despite evidence of graft viability, as shown by [18F]-fluorodopa PET.1 At variable intervals after grafting, 15%–57% of patients develop graft-induced dyskinesias (GID), which are characterized by violent, choreo-ballistic dyskinesias occurring regardless of the patient's medication state.2 GID are particularly difficult to manage: they do not respond to withdrawal of antiparkinsonian medication and deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the pars interna of the globus pallidus produces variable results.3 The etiopathogenesis of GIDs is debated and implicates both excessive dopaminergic neural transmission and nondopaminergic mechanisms. As for the latter, animal models and imaging studies on grafted patients have hypothesized that grafted tissues comprise a heterogeneous population of neurons, including serotoninergic ones, which in turn may contribute to GID.4 This notion led to the 5HT1A agonist buspirone to be trialed, successfully, to acutely reduce GID.2,4 Chronic treatment with buspirone has not improved all patients experiencing GID.5
Evidence for a complex relationship between apoA-V and apoC-III in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia (2006)

The relevance of apolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) for human lipid homeostasis is underscored by genetic association studies and the identification of truncation-causing mutations in the APOA5 gene as a cause of type V hyperlipidemia, compatible with an LPL-activating role of apoA-V. An inverse correlation between plasma apoA-V and triglyceride (TG) levels has been surmised from animal data. Recent studies in human subjects using (semi)quantitative immunoassays, however, do not provide unambiguous support for such a relationship. Here, we used a novel, validated ELISA to measure plasma apoA-V levels in patients (n = 28) with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG; 1.8-78.7 mmol TG/l) and normolipidemic controls (n = 42). Unexpectedly, plasma apoA-V levels were markedly increased in the HTG subjects compared with controls (1,987 vs. 258 ng/ml; P < 0.001). In the HTG group, apoA-V and TG were positively correlated (r = +0.44, P = 0.02). In addition, we noted an increased level of the LPL-inhibitory protein apoC-III in the HTG group (45.8 vs. 10.6 mg/dl in controls; P < 0.001). The correlation between apoA-V and TG levels in the HTG group disappeared (partial r = +0.09, P = 0.65) when controlling for apoC-III levels. In contrast, apoC-III and TG remained positively correlated in this group when controlling for apoA-V (partial r = +0.43, P = 0.025). Our findings suggest that in HTG patients, increased TG levels are accompanied by high plasma levels of apoA-V and apoC-III, apolipoproteins with opposite modes of action. This study provides evidence for a complex interaction between apoA-V and apoC-III in patients with severe HTG.
A New Probe for Measurement of Velocity and Wall Shear Stress in Unsteady, Reversing Flow (1981)

Separated turbulent flows exhibit instantaneous reversals of flow direction which make measurement of the velocity field extremely difficult. A three-wire heat-tracer technique has been employed to measure streamwise velocity of a low-speed air flow very near a smooth, solid wall; the wall shear stress is calculated using a similarity hypothesis. Initial results presented show the evolution of average wall shear stress and rms fluctuation intensity of wall shear stress in a reattaching 2-D flow downstream of a backward-facing step.
Enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens type A necrotic enteritis in a foal (1998)

A Thoroughbred-Quarter Horse crossbred foal developed hemorrhagic enteritis and died < 48 hours after birth. Gross and histologic findings were suggestive of Clostridium perfringens type C infection, and large numbers of C perfringens were isolated from intestinal contents. However, genotyping of isolates indicated that they were enterotoxigenic C perfringens type A, and isolates were found to produce C perfringens enterotoxin in vitro. This case suggests that enterotoxigenic C perfringens type A may cause enteric disease in horses.
Niedrigfrequente repetitive transkranielle Magnetstimulation (2006)

Zusammenfassung Der chronische Tinnitus ist eine häufige Erkrankung, deren Pathophysiologie nicht im Detail geklärt ist. Funktionell bildgebende Untersuchungen verweisen auf neuroplastische Veränderungen mit gesteigerter neuronaler Aktivität im Bereich des auditorischen Kortex. Pilotstudien haben gezeigt, dass neuronavigierte PET und NMR-gestützte niedrigfrequente repetitive transkranielle Magnetstimulation (rTMS) zu einer signifikanten Tinnitusreduktion führt. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Studie soll untersucht werden, ob rTMS auch unter Verwendung einer einfacher durchführbaren Spulenlokalisationsmethode in der Lage ist, Tinnitus zu reduzieren. Elf Patienten fmit chronischem Tinnitus wurden mit rTMS behandelt (110% Motorschwelle, 1Hz, 2 000 Stimuli/Tag, 10 Tage). Die Positionierung der Spule zur Stimulation des linken auditorischen Kortex erfolgte mithilfe anatomischer Landmarken. Therapieeffekte wurden mit dem Tinnitusfragebogen nach Goebel und Hiller erfasst. Nach rTMS Behandlung kam es zu einer signifikanten Verminderung des Tinnitusschweregrades. Niedrigfrequente rTMS über dem linken auditorischen Kortex stellt ein vielversprechendes innovatives Instrument zur Behandlung des chronischen Tinnitus dar.
Scytophycins, cytotoxic and antimycotic agents from the cyanophyte Scytonema pseudohofmanni (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTScytophycins, cytotoxic and antimycotic agents from the cyanophyte Scytonema pseudohofmanniMasami Ishibashi, Richard E. Moore, Gregory M. L. Patterson, Changfu Xu, and Jon ClardyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 26, 5300–5306Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00376a047https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00376a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views570Altmetric-Citations179LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Validação Experimental de Modelos de Leitos Adsorvedores com Zeólitas 5A (Experimental Validation of Models of 5A Zeolites Adsorbing Beds) (1997)

Abstract The characterization of porous bed is of crucialimportance in many scientific and technological areasrelated to materials and chemical processes. Mass andheat transfer in a porous media depend on metric,topological and topographical properties. Because thedifficulties of experimental access to topological andtopographical properties sometimes it is practical the useof computer simulation techniques to evaluate thoseparameters. This paper presents the simulation results ofadsorbing beds using commercial 5A zeolites. The spherepacking models applied to adsorbing beds are adjustedthrough the comparison of metric properties, such asvolumetric fraction and specific area of pores, evaluatedfor simulated and real beds. Starting from adjustedmodels, the topological and topographical properties, likeradial distribution of porosity and pore connectivity areestimated and compared with those parameters obtainedfor real beds through the use of indirect methods. Validacao Experimental de Modelos de Leitos Adsorvedores com Zeolitas 5A(Experimental Validation of Models of 5A Zeolites Adsorbing Beds)
Effects of sub-chronic, in vivo administration of sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 ligands on platelet and aortic arachidonate cascade in rats (2022)

Platelets regulate cell-cell interactions and local circulation through eicosanoids from arachidonic acid. Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 (sigma-1 receptor) expressed in platelets and endothelial cells can regulate intracellular signalization. Our aim was to examine the influence of sub-chronic, in vivo-administered sigma-1 receptor ligands 2-morpholin-4-ylethyl 1-phenylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate (PRE-084); N-benzyl-2-[(1S)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl]ethan-1-amine; dihydrochloride, a new compound ((S)-L1); and N-[2-[4-methoxy-3-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]ethyl]-N-propylpropan-1-amine (NE-100) on the ex vivo arachidonic acid metabolism of the platelets and aorta of male rats. The serum level of sigma-1 receptor ligands was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sigma-1 receptor and cyclooxygenase gene expression in the platelets were determined by a reverse transcription-coupled quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The eicosanoid synthesis was examined using a radiolabeled arachidonic acid substrate and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We confirmed the absorption of sigma-1 receptor ligands and confirmed that the ligands were not present during the ex vivo studies, so their acute effect could be excluded. We detected no changes in either sigma-1 receptor or cyclooxygenase mRNA levels in the platelets. Nevertheless, (S)-L1 and NE-100 increased the quantity of cyclooxygenases there. Both platelet and aortic eicosanoid synthesis was modified by the ligands, although in different ways. The effect of the new sigma-1 receptor ligand, (S)-L1, was similar to that of PRE-084 in most of the parameters studied but was found to be more potent. Our results suggest that sigma-1 receptor ligands may act at multiple points in arachidonic acid metabolism and play an important role in the control of the microcirculation by modulating the eicosanoid synthesis of the platelets and vessels.
Screening of Colombian plants for antimalarials using LC-Bio-MS (2008)

Metabolism of Plasmodium sp. produces toxic free heme and detoxifies it by dimerizing it into hemozoin. Most of antimalarial drugs including artemisinine inhibit the heme dimerization, and this pathway remains of considerable interest. Mass spectrometry is a highly selective tool to assess interaction of drugs with heme and detect active compounds showing this mechanism of action. We validated this strategy by monitoring adducts with 16 pure antimalarials like artemisinin and different quinolines, being determined: [Heme:Quinine] (m/z 940), [Heme:Quinacrine] (m/z 1015), [Heme:Amodiaquine] (m/z 994) and [Heme:Artemisinin] (m/z 898) among the others. We compared adducts stability by estimating the binding strength by in-source CID and demonstrated differences between drugs and the class of interaction (covalent or non covalent type). We implemented an online method to screen natural extracts by LC coupled to a micro-reactor, where isolated molecules react with heme before being monitored by MS. This method allowed the detection of several adducts with heme for Colombian plants: Symbolanthus pterocalyx, Clusia decusata and Monnina angustata and some of the most stable interactions were related with xanthone structures. The thermodynamic parameters of the binding of isolated molecules were compared to antimalarial drugs.
Development of colonic microflora as assessed by pyrosequencing in dairy calves fed waste milk (2012)

The objective of the current study was to examine the effect of pasteurization of waste milk, used to feed dairy calves, on the bacterial diversity of their lower gut. Using 16S rDNA bacterial tag-encoded FLX amplicon pyrosequencing, fecal samples from dairy calves, ages 1 wk to 6 mo old and fed either pasteurized or nonpasteurized waste milk, were analyzed for bacterial diversity. Calves were maintained on 2 separate farms and, aside from how the waste milk was treated, were housed and cared for similarly. Fifteen calves were sampled from each age group (1, 2, and 4 wk, and 2, 4, and 6 mo of age; n=90 samples per milk treatment, 180 total samples) on each farm via rectal palpation and the samples shipped and frozen before analysis. In general, bacterial diversity, as represented by the total number of different species, was greater for the calves fed pasteurized waste milk at all ages (except 1 wk of age) and increased with increasing age in both treatments. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were the predominant phyla. Differences in phyla and class were observed among treatments and age of calf but with no consistent trends. Salmonella were detected in 9 out of 14 (64%) of the 1-wk-old calves fed nonpasteurized milk. Treponema, an important beneficial bacterium in cattle rumen, was more prevalent in the pasteurized waste milk-fed animals and became higher in the older animals from this group. Escherichia-Shigella were detected among treatments at all ages, and highest at 1 wk of age, averaging approximately 21 and 20% of all bacteria for calves fed pasteurized and nonpasteurized waste milk, respectively, and decreasing as calves aged (2.6 and 1.3%). The consistent detection of Salmonella in the younger animals fed nonpasteurized milk and its absence in all other groups is an important finding related to this feeding practice.
The HeartWare™ HVAD™ Left Ventricular Assist Device (2019)

The HeartWare<sup>TM</sup> HVAD<sup>TM</sup> System is an intrapericardial continuous-flow left-ventricular assist device with a centrifugal pump design capable of providing full cardiac support in patients with end-stage systolic heart failure. The inflow to the pump is inserted into the left ventricular apex and moves blood to the ascending aorta via a 10mm outflow graft and is most frequently implanted via a median sternotomy. The system is controlled by an external microprocessor unit that connects transcutaneously to the pump by way of a thin, flexible driveline and is powered by Li-ion batteries or AC/DC power. The HVAD was first implanted in man in 2006 and was subsequently approved for use in Europe in 2009 (CE Mark trial), for bridge to transplant in the United States in 2012 (ADVANCE trial), destination therapy in the United States in 2017 (ENDURANCE and ENDURANCE Supplemental trials), and implantation via a thoracotomy approach in the United States in 2018 (LATERAL trial).
Larger-area single-mode photonic crystal surface-emitting lasers enabled by the accidental Dirac-point (2012)

We propose to obtain larger-area single-mode photonic crystal surface-emitting lasers by increasing the mode-spacing at the bandedge where the dispersions form an accidental Dirac-point at the center of the Brillouin zone.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Heterocyclothiazenes. Part 10. Reactions of the Tetrathiatriazepinium Cation with Acetylide Anions: New Mesoionic Thiones. (1990)

Abstract Reaction of the title salt (I) with the Li salts from the acetylenes (II) gives rise to the products shown in the scheme.
Solution-Based Glow Discharges for Atomic Emission Spectroscopy Come of Age (2023)

The solution-cathode glow discharge (SCGD) is a low-power, atmospheric-pressure, ambient-atmosphere microplasma that is proving to be a proficient excitation source for atomic emission spectroscopy (AES). The analytical figures of merit of SCGD-AES experiments often compete with established, conventional approaches despite the fact that it is a simple, small, low-cost instrument. The operating principles of the SCGD are reviewed here, including experimental operating parameters, plasma conditions, analytical performance, matrix interferences, and application examples.
Formation of a Supramolecular Porphyrin-Spacer-Acceptor Ternary Complex and Intracomplex Electron Transfer (2002)

A new ditopic spacer, N-propylisonicotinamidine, has been developed to assemble a ternary supramolecular complex, zinc-tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP)-spacer-acceptor (3,4-dinitrobenzoic acid), via an axial coordination of the spacer to ZnTPP and a salt bridge interaction between the spacer and acceptor. Formation of this ternary complex was probed by 1H HMR and UV−vis spectroscopy. The ternary complex is formed with an overall association constant of 1.9 × 108 M-2 in dichloromethane. The fluorescence is nearly completely quenched by the electron acceptor in the ternary complex as confirmed by the steady-state fluorescence measurements. The triplet excited state of ZnTPP is also quenched by the electron acceptor in the ternary complex. The ternary complex is also formed in acetonitrile, where fluorescence quenching is observed with an intracomplex quenching rate constant of 1.9 × 109 s-1. Photoinduced intracomplex electron transfer is invoked as a likely mechanism of the fluorescence quenching and triplet bleaching.
NIH Roadmap/Common Fund at 10 years (2014)

A mechanism for funding biomedical research at NIH that transcends Institute and Center boundaries is bearing fruit
1217 Students Recognition on Stirling Engine and Drawing (2006)

At Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo University, about 90 students take the subject "Manufacturing Exercise" in one team. We divide the students into 24 groups are constructed, 3 to 4 students belong to each group. Under the guidance of setup in the Stirling Engine and Drawing understanding of Stirling Engine and study on Engine Drawing can be applied to the mechanical engineering in this paper the authors are reporting on Stirling Engine instrument in the students manufacturing Exercise
Infection-Related Hospitalization in Childhood and Adult Metabolic Outcomes (2015)

Childhood IRH was independently associated with adverse adult metabolic variables. This finding suggests that infections and/or their treatment in childhood may contribute to causal pathways leading to adult cardiometabolic diseases.
A Flexible Framework for Tools Integration using Service Oriented Architecture (2006)

Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is making strides into every industry, and is providing consumer centric approach to the end-to-end solution. In the business world, acquisitions and mergers are very common. Whenever an acquisition or merger happens, it is required to consolidate the business assets. It is possible to use service oriented architecture (SOA) to arrive at an excellent framework for integrating and consolidating these business assets (which typically include business processes and the various software packages). We have designed and built a software framework for integrating various tools used within Global Delivery India Center
Comparative Skeletal Structure (2001)

Abstract The sophisticated organization of the skeleton achieves a structure that can withstand the extremes of functional load‐bearing. The growth, development and repair of the skeletal structure is realized through the tightly regulated remodelling of bone tissue, orchestrated by cells that specifically form or resorb the matrix.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Synthetic Method of HMG‐CoA Reductase Inhibitor NK‐104 via a Hydroboration‐Cross‐Coupling Sequence. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Latest Technological Trends for Electrification of Automobile Technologies (2019)

Global warming and the risk of depletion of fossil fuels are global concerns. The demand for environmental performance of automobiles is becoming severer year by year. In this regard, automotive manufacturers have designed BEVs, PHVs, HEVs and FCVs to meet CO2 regulation. This report presents the recent technological trends related to the main components of electrical vehicles.