gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phosphorus-related donors in 6<i>H</i>-SiC generated by ion implantation (1996)

Aluminum-doped 6H-SiC epilayers were implanted with phosphorus and subsequently annealed in a temperature range from 1400 to 1700 °C. The annealing behavior of implanted phosphorus atoms was studied by the Hall effect, admittance spectroscopy, and photoluminescence. Phosphorus acts as a shallow donor. Two ionization energies of (80±5) meV and (110±5) meV are determined, which are assigned to phosphorus atoms residing at hexagonal and cubic lattice sites, respectively. Assuming first-order kinetics, the annealing process results in an activation energy of the phosphorus donors of 2.5 eV. A set of four lines at a wavelength of about 420/421 nm is observed in the low temperature photoluminescence spectra; the intensity of these lines increases in parallel with the electrical activation of phosphorus donors by raising the annealing temperature. It is proposed that these lines are phosphorus-related.
Development and In Vitro Evaluation of 2-Methoxyestradiol Loaded Polymeric Micelles for Enhancing Anticancer Activities in Prostate Cancer (2021)

The present study aimed to formulate and optimize 2ME-loaded PMs (2ME-PMs) for enhancing the anticancer activity of 2ME in prostate cancer (PC). The 2ME-PMs were formulated using PEG-PLGA (PL), Tween 80 (TW80), and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA). The optimization was carried out using a Box-Behnken design with the PL, TW80, and ALA as the independent variables and particle size (PS) as the response. The formulation was optimized for the lowest possible PS, and the software suggested optimum formula with 100.282 mg, 2%, and 40 mg for PL, TW80, and ALA, respectively. The optimized PMs had spherical morphology with PS of 65.36 ± 2.2 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.273 ± 0.03, and entrapment efficiency of 65.23 ± 3.5%. The in vitro drug release was 76.3 ± 3.2% after 24 h. The cell line studies using PC-3 cells showed IC<sub>50</sub> values of 18.75 and 54.41 µmol for 2ME-PM and 2ME, respectively. The estimation of tumor biomarkers was also carried out. The tumor biomarkers caspase-9 (17.38 ± 1.42 ng/mL), tumor protein P53 (p53) (1050.0 ± 40.9 pg/mL), nitric oxide (NO) (0.693 ± 0.03 pg/mL), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (25.84 ± 2.23 pg/mL), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) (0.719 ± 0.07 pg/mL), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (2.53 ± 0.16 folds), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) (3.04 ± 0.5 folds) were determined for 2ME-PMs and the results showed that these values changed significantly compared to those of 2ME. Overall, the results showed that the formulation of 2ME to 2ME-PMs enhances the anticancer effect. The exploration of the combined advantages of PEG, PLGA, ALA, and PMs in cancer therapy and the delivery of 2ME is the major importance of this research work. PEG reduces the elimination of 2ME, PLGA enhances 2ME loading, ALA has an inherent apoptotic effect, and PMs can efficiently target tumor cells.
Molecular dynamics simulation of CuI using a three-body potential (2000)

A three-body potential coupled with a molecular dynamics method have been used to simulate structural properties of CuI in the zincblende and tetragonal phases. It is found that the diffusion constant is well reproduced for the α-phase of CuI using this model rather than a two-body potential. This study predicts also the presence of cation disorder at elevated temperature within the tetragonal phase of CuI.
Acoustic cues of ‘‘retroflex’’ and ‘‘bunched’’ American English rhotic sound (2007)

The North American rhotic liquid has two well-known and maximally distinct articulatory variants, the classic retroflex tongue posture and the classic bunched tongue posture. The evidence for acoustic difference between them is reexamined using magnetic resonance images of the vocal tracts from two similar-sized subjects with different tongue postures of sustained /r/. Three-dimensional finite element analysis is performed to investigate the acoustic wave propagation property inside the vocal tract, the acoustic response, and the area function extraction based on pressure isosurfaces. Sensitivity functions are studied for formant-cavity affiliation. It is revealed that these two variants have similar patterns of F1–F3 and zero frequency. However, the retroflex variant is predicted to have a larger difference between F4 and F5 than the bunched one (1400 Hz versus 700 Hz). This difference can be explained by the geometric differences between them, in particular, the shorter, narrower, and more forward palatal constriction of the retroflex variant. In addition, the predicted formant pattern is confirmed by measurement from acoustic data of sustained /r/ and /r/ in nonsense words from several additional subjects. These results may prove to be useful to researchers in speech motor control, speech pathology, speaker verification, speech recognition, and speech synthesis. [Research supported by NIH.]
On the feasibility of vehicular micro clouds (2017)

This paper investigates the feasibility and the potential of vehicle cloudification, an emerging paradigm to utilize ever-growing computational resources of intelligent vehicles to form small-scale virtual cloud computing facilities. Multiple vehicles in communication range collaboratively form so-called vehicular micro clouds, which serve as virtual edge servers that offer data processing, data storage, communications, and sensing services not only to vehicles but also to any other types of authorized users. Although the conceptual design has been established already in the literature, the feasibility of vehicular micro clouds under practical road conditions has still to be thoroughly investigated. In this paper, we tackle this research question by analyzing vehicle probe datasets, generated by real road traffic models of the city of Luxembourg and a major intercity highway in Japan. The results indicate that connected vehicular micro clouds can be formed at many locations throughout the road networks, especially under heavy road traffic during rush hours.
Internal absorbing boundary conditions for closed-aperture wavefield decomposition in solid media with unknown interiors (2022)

We present a method to create an internal numerical absorbing boundary within elastic solid media whose properties are largely unknown and use it to create the first wavefield separation method that retrieves all orders of outgoing elastic wavefield constituents for real data recorded on a closed free surface. The recorded data are injected into a numerical finite-difference (FD) simulation along a closed, transparent surface, and the new internal numerical absorbing boundary condition achieves high attenuation of the ingoing waves radiated from the injection surface. This internal wave absorption enables the data injection to radiate all outgoing waves for experimental domains that include arbitrary unknown scatterers in the interior. The injection-absorption-based separation scheme is validated using three-dimensional (3D) synthetic modeling and a real data experiment acquired using a 3D laser Doppler vibrometer on a granite rock. The wavefield separation method forms a key component of an elastic immersive wave experimentation laboratory, and the ability to numerically absorb ingoing scattered energy in an uncharacterized medium while still radiating the true outgoing energy is intriguing and may lead to other development and applications in the future.
Selective Sorption of Cerium Ions from Uranium-Containing Solutions by Remotely Activated Ion Exchangers (2023)

This study investigated the effect of the remote activation of the ion exchangers Amberlite IR120 (H<sup>+</sup> form) and AV-17-8 (OH<sup>-</sup> form) in aqueous media to increase the sorption activity of the interpolymer system "Amberlite IR120H:AV-17-8" (X:Y, molar ratio of ionic groups) towards cerium ions from uranium-containing solutions. The sorption properties of the above-mentioned interpolymer system with molar ratios X:Y of 6:0, 5:1, 4:2, 3:3, 2:4, 1:5, and 0:6 were studied using the methods of conductometry, gravimetry, and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. The presented research revealed the dependence of the sorption activity of the interpolymer system "Amberlite IR120H:AV-17-8" (X:Y) on the acidity of the solution. At pH 2.0, the highest cerium ion sorption degree from the model solution (containing both cerium and uranium ions) by the interpolymer system "Amberlite IR120H:AV-17-8" (4:2) was 56% after 48 h of interaction, whereas the cerium ion sorption degrees by raw Amberlite IR120H (6:0) and raw AV-17-8 (0:6) were 30% and 0%, respectively. The increased sorption ability of the interpolymer system "Amberlite IR120H:AV-17-8" (4:2) might be associated with the achievement of the highest ionization degree by this system remotely activated in an aqueous medium. Moreover, the cerium ion desorption study demonstrated a 60% degree of desorption using 2M nitric acid as a desorbing agent (eluent). The obtained results demonstrate the potential of using the remote interaction effect for the activation of the ion exchangers in aqueous media as an interpolymer system for increased cerium ion sorption from uranium-containing solutions.
Split Renilla Luciferase Protein Fragment-assisted Complementation (SRL-PFAC) to Characterize Hsp90-Cdc37 Complex and Identify Critical Residues in Protein/Protein Interactions (2010)

Hsp90 requires cochaperone Cdc37 to load its clients to the Hsp90 superchaperone complex. The purpose of this study was to utilize split Renilla luciferase protein fragment-assisted complementation (SRL-PFAC) bioluminescence to study the full-length human Hsp90-Cdc37 complex and to identity critical residues and their contributions for Hsp90/Cdc37 interaction in living cells. SRL-PFAC showed that full-length human Hsp90/Cdc37 interaction restored dramatically high luciferase activity through Hsp90-Cdc37-assisted complementation of the N and C termini of luciferase (compared with the set of controls). Immunoprecipitation confirmed that the expressed fusion proteins (NRL-Hsp90 and Cdc37-CRL) preserved their ability to interact with each other and also with native Hsp90 or Cdc37. Molecular dynamic simulation revealed several critical residues in the two interaction patches (hydrophobic and polar) at the interface of Hsp90/Cdc37. Mutagenesis confirmed the critical residues for Hsp90-Cdc37 complex formation. SRL-PFAC bioluminescence evaluated the contributions of these critical residues in Hsp90/Cdc37 interaction. The results showed that mutations in Hsp90 (Q133A, F134A, and A121N) and mutations in Cdc37 (M164A, R167A, L205A, and Q208A) reduced the Hsp90/Cdc37 interaction by 70-95% as measured by the resorted luciferase activity through Hsp90-Cdc37-assisted complementation. In comparison, mutations in Hsp90 (E47A and S113A) and a mutation in Cdc37 (A204E) decreased the Hsp90/Cdc37 interaction by 50%. In contrast, mutations of Hsp90 (R46A, S50A, C481A, and C598A) and mutations in Cdc37 (C54S, C57S, and C64S) did not change Hsp90/Cdc37 interactions. The data suggest that single amino acid mutation in the interface of Hsp90/Cdc37 is sufficient to disrupt its interaction, although Hsp90/Cdc37 interactions are through large regions of hydrophobic and polar interactions. These findings provides a rationale to develop inhibitors for disruption of the Hsp90/Cdc37 interaction.
Formation of Two‐Dimensional Supramolecular Polymers by Amphiphilic Pyrene Oligomers (2013)

Durch Selbstorganisation bilden amphiphile Pyrentrimere in wässrigem Medium zweidimensionale supramolekulare Polymere. Die Faltungs- und Aggregationsprozesse führen zur Ausbildung von J- und H-Banden und zu signifikanten Änderungen der Fluoreszenzeigenschaften. Die Bildung von Nanoblatt-artigen Strukturen wird rasterkraftmikroskopisch belegt. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Synthesis and photophysical properties of photostable 1,8-naphthalimide dyes incorporating benzotriazole-based UV absorbers (2022)

We developed a series of blue-emitting 1,8-naphthalimide dyes covalently attached to 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2<i>H</i>-benzotriazoles that retard photodegradation of the fluorophore. The dyes displayed weaker fluorescence emissions than the parent 1.8-naphthalimide. Quantum chemical calculations suggested that the decreased fluorescence was caused by the nonradiative deactivation promoted through the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) in benzotriazole components. The dyes' phosphorescences in a degassed solution at 77 K were more efficient than that of the parent 1.8-naphthalimide, indicating a possible deactivation pathway through intersystem crossing. PMMA films doped with these dyes showed higher resistance against photoaging than the film doped with an equimolar mixture of constituent 1.8-naphthalimide and the benzotriazole derivatives. Thus, the covalently linked benzotriazole units slow fluorophore degradation not only by preferential absorption of harmful UV light, which is found in the film with a simple mixture of two components, but also by the nonradiative deactivation involved in benzotriazole units.
On the origins of the DNA sequence selectivity of mitomycin monoalkylation transformations (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOn the origins of the DNA sequence selectivity of mitomycin monoalkylation transformationsHarold Kohn, Ven Shun Li, Pascal Schiltz, and Moon Shong TangCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 23, 9218–9220Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00049a082RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Yama: a scalable generational garbage collector for Java in multiprocessor systems (2006)

The current state-of-the-art generational garbage collector pauses all the program threads when it performs young and old generation garbage collection. As the number of program threads increases, the delay due to garbage collection also increases, thus restricting the scalability of the collector. In order to improve the scalability and reduce the pause time, an on-the-fly generational garbage collector called Yama is proposed for multiprocessor systems. This uses the on-the-fly deferred reference counting in the young generation and the DLG (Doligez Leroy Gonthier) on-the-fly mark and sweep garbage collector in the old generation. We have proposed and experimented with two novel variations of the on-the-fly deferred reference counting called Chitragupt1 and Chitragupt2 in the young generation. Yama does not pause all the application threads simultaneously. An adaptive tenuring policy based on object reference count and survival rate is also proposed. Yama has been implemented in the IBM Jikes RVM (research virtual machine). The above claims are supported with experimental results for standard benchmark programs. The results show that Yama has an extremely low pause time in both the young and the old generation. The pause time reduction results in better response times for the user programs.
Subpicosecond Transient Absorption Difference Spectroscopy on the Reaction Center of Photosystem II: Radical Pair Formation at 77 K (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubpicosecond Transient Absorption Difference Spectroscopy on the Reaction Center of Photosystem II: Radical Pair Formation at 77 KH. Matthieu Visser, Marie-Louise Groot, Frank van Mourik, Ivo H. M. van Stokkum, Jan P. Dekker, and Rienk van GrondelleCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 41, 15304–15309Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/j100041a055RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (768 KB) Get e-Alerts
Combining Virtual Machine migration with process migration for HPC on multi-clusters and Grids (2008)

The renewed interest in virtualization gives rise to new opportunities for running high performance computing (HPC) applications on clusters and grids. These include the ability to create a uniform (virtual) run-time environment on top of a multitude of hardware and software platforms, and the possibility for dynamic resource allocation towards the improvement of process performance, e.g., by virtual machine (VM) migration as a means for load-balancing. This paper deals with issues related to running HPC applications on multi-clusters and grids using VMware, a virtualization package running on Windows, Linux and OS X. The paper presents the ldquoJobrunrdquo system for transparent, on-demand VM launching upon job submission, and its integration with the MOSIX cluster and grid management system. We present a novel approach to job migration, combining VM migration with process migration using Jobrun, by which it is possible to migrate groups of processes and parallel jobs among different clusters in a multi-cluster or in a grid. We use four real HPC applications to evaluate the overheads of VMware (both on Linux and Windows), the MOSIX cluster extensions and their combination, and present detailed measurements of the performance of Jobrun.
Evidence for Resonance Optical Trapping of Individual Fluorophore-Labeled Antibodies Using Single Molecule Fluorescence Spectroscopy (2006)

We report single molecule fluorescence studies of the diffusion of individual multiple fluorophore-labeled antibodies in solution, which show that a trapping potential of about 3.6 k(B)T can be obtained at laser powers below 1 mW with resonant excitation. Individual antibodies can be trapped for up to 140 ms, and bound antibodies can also be used to trap a single virion for up to 1 s. Selective resonance trapping to sort and manipulate fluorophore-labeled biomolecules and complexes may be possible.
Courage in a climate of fear (2020)

It is essential for physicians and scientists to speak up to counter misinformation about COVID-19 amid a culture of fear.
Pneumatic Hyperelastic Actuators for Grasping Curved Organic Objects (2019)

Soft robotic grippers often incorporate pneumatically-driven actuators that can elastically deform to grasp delicate, curved organic objects with minimal surface damage. The complexity of the actuator geometry and the nonlinear stress–strain behavior of the stretchable material during inflation make it difficult to predict actuator performance prior to prototype fabrication. In this work, a scalable modular elastic air-driven actuator made from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is developed for a mechanically compliant robotic gripper that grasps individual horticultural plants and fungi during automated harvesting. The key geometric design parameters include the expandable surface area and wall thickness of the deformable structure used to make contact with the target object. The impact of these parameters on actuator displacement is initially explored through simulation using the Mooney–Rivlin model of hyperelastic materials. In addition, several actuator prototypes with varying expandable wall thicknesses are fabricated using a multistep soft-lithography molding process and are inserted in a closed ring assembly for experimental testing. The gripper performance is evaluated in terms of contact force, contact area with the target, and maximum payload before slippage. The viability of the gripper with PDMS actuators for horticultural harvesting applications is illustrated by gently grasping a variety of mushroom caps.
Retromer repletion with AAV9-VPS35 restores endosomal function in the mouse hippocampus (2019)

ABSTRACT Retromer has emerged as a master conductor of endosomal trafficking, and VPS35 and other retromer-related proteins are found to be deficient in late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Depleting VPS35 in neurons impairs retromer function, affecting for example the trafficking of the amyloid-precursor protein (APP) and the glutamate receptor GluA1. Whether VPS35 repletion, after chronic in vivo depletion, can rescue these impairments remains unknown. Here we set out to address this question by using a viral vector approach for VPS35 repletion. First, we completed a series of studies using neuronal cultures in order to optimize AAV9-VPS35 delivery, and to understand how exogenous VPS35 expression affects its endogenous levels as well as its binding to other retromer proteins. Next, we completed a series of studies in wildtype mice to determine the optimum protocol for in vivo delivery of AAV9-VPS35 to the hippocampus. We relied on this information to deliver AAV9-VPS35 to the hippocampus of mice genetically engineered to have chronic, neuronal-selective, VPS35 depletion. VPS35 repletion in the hippocampus was found to normalize APP cleavage and to restore glutamate receptor levels. Unexpectedly, chronic VPS35 depletion in neurons caused glial activation, similar to the pattern observed in AD, which was also partially normalized by VPS35 repletion. Taken together, these studies strengthen the mechanistic link between retromer and AD, and have therapeutic implications.