gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P1053SHORT-TERM CLINICAL RESULTS WHEN COMPARING EXPANDED HEMODIALYSIS THERAPY VERSUS ONLINE HEMODIAFILTRATION THERAPY (2020)

Abstract Background and Aims HDx is a dialysis therapy that uses dialyzers with newly designed medium cut-off membranes (MCOs), which show a greater capacity for purification of middle molecules than conventional dialyzers and requires less technical resources than OL-HDF. However, it is not well known if HDx has comparable clinical results with OL-HDF. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical differences between patients dialyzed with HDx and OL-HDF. Method A 24-week prospective study that included 43 patients between 18 and 80 years old, in OL-HDF at least 3 months before the start of the study, stratified by residual function; and randomized for HDx or HDF-OL therapy. Twenty-one patients assigned to HDx used the Theranova® 500 dialyzer with MCO membrane; and 22 patients with HDF-OL with Polyflux® 170H dialyzer. Variables related to dialysis were analyzed: blood flow rate (Qb), ultrafiltration volume (VUF), dialysis time, Kt/V, and complications; anemia [Hemoglobin (Hb), transferrin saturation (TSAT), Ferritin, erythropoietin stimulating agent (ESA) dosage (IU/week), erythropoietin resistance index (ERI), iron dose]; the bone mineral metabolism [calcium (Ca), phosphorus (Pi), product CaxPi, Paratohormone (PTH), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23)]; and healthcare resource utilization (hospitalization, cardiovascular events, infectious events and death). Results The substitution volume in the OL-HDF group was 24.4±3.2 liters. No significant differences were found in time of treatment, QB, residual diuresis or VUF. The Kt/V was similar in both groups HDx: 1.8±0.26; OL-HDF: 1.8±0.28. No significant differences in the number of adverse events during hemodialysis between the two groups. No differences in the levels of P, Ca, PTH between both groups. However, there were differences in FGF-23 at week 12 compared to baseline (HDx: -188±1351 pg/mL; OL-HDF: +218±1293 pg/mL, p=0.48). The iron dose showed no significant differences between both groups. The use of ESA was lower in the HDx group at the end of the study (HDx: 5605±7115 IU/Week; OL-HDF: 7667±5867 IU/Week), maintaining hemoglobin values stable throughout the study in both treatment groups (HDx: 11.2±1; OL-HDF: 11.7±0.8 g/dl at 24-week). Serum TSAT was comparable between the groups at all timepoints in the study. Serum ferritin levels were slightly higher in HDx group and showed an overall increase at Week 24. Both treatments were effective in maintaining pre-dialysis albumin levels. At 12 weeks (HDx: 0.06±0.47; OL-HDF: -0.01±0.26, p=0.889) and 24 weeks of treatment (HDx: -0.02±0.25; OL-HDF: - 0.02±0.34, p=0.5948) versus baseline. The assessment of rates of hospitalizations, cardiovascular events, infective episodes and death showed no substantial differences between both groups. Conclusion In our experience, HDx with Theranova® 500 is a safe and effective hemodialysis technique. A short-term HDx therapy decreases FGF23 levels and the needs of EPO compared to OL-HDF. Both techniques are similar in the other parameters analysed.
Substrate stiffness impacts early biofilm formation by modulating <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> twitching motility (2022)

ABSTRACT Surface-associated lifestyles dominate in the bacterial world. Large multicellular assemblies, called biofilms, are essential to the survival of bacteria in harsh environments, and are closely linked to antibiotic resistance in pathogenic strains. Biofilms stem from the surface colonization of a wide variety of substrates encountered by bacteria, from living tissues to inert materials. Here, we demonstrate experimentally that the promiscuous opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa explores substrates differently based on their rigidity, leading to striking variations in biofilm structure, exopolysaccharides (EPS) distribution, strain mixing during co-colonization and phenotypic expression. Using simple kinetic models, we show that these phenotypes arise through a mechanical interaction between the elasticity of the substrate and the type IV pilus (T4P) machinery, that mediates the surface-based motility called twitching. Together, our findings reveal a new role for substrate softness in the spatial organization of bacteria in complex microenvironments, with far-reaching consequences on efficient biofilm formation.
Radar tools for spectrum assessment and prediction (2018)

In this paper we introduce an assessment and prediction technique for radar spectrum access in a dynamic electromagnetic environment. The proposed technique expands upon the existing spectrum sensing, multi-objective optimization (SSMO) framework for the joint optimization of the radar's signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) and range resolution. The proposed framework gathers training information in one spatial sector while the radar operates in another sector. The training information is used to form statistical estimates of the SINR and radio-frequency (RF) emitter activity. The predictive SSMO (pSSMO) technique then uses the training information during radar operation to avoid collisions with other RF emitters. Synthetic and measured Global System for Mobile (GSM) communication waveform data are processed by the proposed technique and the results indicate similar performance between the simulated and measured dataset, thereby validating the results.
Long View (41RB112): Data Recovery of Two Plains Village Period Components in Roberts County, Texas, Volume 2 (2013)

This archeological data recovery investigation in Roberts County in the northeastern panhandle of Texas was necessitated by the proposed widening of State Highway 70 (CSJ: 0490-04-037) by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), Amarillo District. This proposed highway rehabilitation program will directly impact a roughly 10 meter (m, 30 ft.) wide north-south section of prehistoric site 41RB112, the Long View site. This site consists of two horizontally distinct Plains Village period occupations shallowly buried along a linear interfluvial ridge between two small tributary creeks to the Canadian River in the midslope of this broad, dissected valley. This site was initially discovered by TxDOT archeologist, Dennis Price in June 2004 during an archeological inventory of the proposed 9.7 kilometer (6 mile) section north of the Canadian River in response to the planned highway rehabilitation program. Based on Mr. Price’s discovery of multiple artifact classes in buried context he recommended this site be assessed for its eligibility for listing on the National Register of Historic Places under criterion d and possible designation as a State Archeological Landmark (SAL) per the requirements of Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) and other related legislation. Following the Texas Historical Commissions concurrence with that recommendation, TxDOT through the Environmental (ENV) Affairs Division, contracted to TRC Environmental Corporation (TRC) under an existing Scientific Services Contract No. 57XXSA006 and issued a Work Authorization to TRC of Austin to conduct the site eligibility assessment. During a site visit by TxDOT geoarcheologist James Abbott and TRC archeologist Mike Quigg in February 2005, the site boundaries were expanded to nearly 300 meters (m) along the proposed area of potential effect (APE). Investigative strategies were devised to assess the Long View site. In May 2005, TRC’s archeologists from Austin conducted archeological testing for a NRHP and SAL eligibility assessment investigation at 41RB112. The assessment along the 10-m-wide by 300-m-long APE was accomplished by hand-excavating 28 1-by-1 m units (totaling 16.8 m3), hand-excavating four narrow ca. 30 centimeter (cm) wide trenches (two in each area totaling nearly 32 linear meters), as well as cleaning and inspecting 28 m of existing road cut exposures. These investigations determined that cultural materials clustered at the northern and southern ends (Areas A and C respectively) of the site with nearly 120 m of noncultural bearing deposits (Area B) between the two concentrations. A 4-m-wide mechanically bladed fireguard paralleled the existing fenceline throughout the length
Flat mid-infrared composite plasmonic materials using lateral doping-patterned semiconductors (2014)

We demonstrate lateral control of carrier concentration in doped Si for mid-infrared plasmonic applications. Using commercially available spin-dopants, we show that doped silicon can act as a plasmonic material at mid-infrared wavelengths, and that control of the doping pattern allows for the development of flat, single-material plasmonic composites. Our materials are characterized by infrared spectroscopy and microscopy, surface profilometry and infrared emissivity measurements. We demonstrate the ability to fabricate subwavelength doped features and show distinct diffraction from one-dimensional arrays of 'metal' lines patterned in our material system.
Supplementary Tables 1 and 2 and Supplementary Figures 1 and 2 from A Phase Ib Dose-Escalation Study of Encorafenib and Cetuximab with or without Alpelisib in Metastatic &lt;i&gt;BRAF&lt;/i&gt;-Mutant Colorectal Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S1. Pharmacokinetic parameters of encorafenib and alpelisib in patients at steady state (cycle 2 day 1). Table S2. Criteria for defining dose-limited toxicities. Supplementary Figure 1. Radiological images of response for a patient treated with the dual-combination therapy of encorafenib and cetuximab. Supplementary Figure 2. Time on study by response for patients treated with the dual-combination therapy of encorafenib and cetuximab and patients treated with the triple-combination therapy of encorafenib, alpelisib, and cetuximab.&lt;/p&gt;
Pharmacopeial and Regulatory Guidances on Product Quality and Performance (2019)

The development of inhaled products in modern times has driven enormous innovation that has increased exponentially since the turn of the Millennium. Regulatory agencies are tasked with ensuring the quality and the safety of new drug products and equivalent, or generic, products. The two major organisations developing and promulgating standards in the United States are the US Pharmacopeia (USP) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The USP, established in the nineteenth century, is the oldest standards document and is intended to establish the quality of products in commerce through monographs and test procedures. The FDA was established in the early twentieth century to assure safety of products through review procedures approval criteria prior to marketing in the United States. This chapter presents the key general chapters of the USP and the guidance documents of the FDA that allow drug product development in a manner sufficient to navigate the regulatory review and approval process.
Investigation of the complex antibiotic INA-5812 (2016)

A concentrate with the antimicrobial activity has been isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces roseoflavus INA-Ac-5812. Its further fractionation by reversed-phase HPLC has resulted in six fractions. It has been established by MALDI-TOF and ESI-MSn precision mass-spectrometry methods that the main components of the complex antibiotic are several closely related compounds, presumably of a glycopeptide nature. The fraction containing an individual component with a mass of 1845.788 Da has been characterized by UV/Vis absorbance and fluorescence spectra, amino acid analysis, and derivatization with tris(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl cation. The activity of fractions against pathogenic microbes has been studied. The results allow the supposition that the INA-5812 antibiotic complex is a glyco- or lipoglycopeptide antibiotic of a new type, which is very promising for further study.
Enhancing Light Absorption and Charge Transfer Efficiency in Carbon Dots through Graphitization and Core Nitrogen Doping (2017)

Single-source precursor syntheses have been devised for the preparation of structurally similar graphitic carbon dots (CDs), with (g-N-CD) and without (g-CD) core nitrogen doping for artificial photosynthesis. An order of magnitude improvement has been realized in the rate of solar (AM1.5G) H<sub>2</sub> evolution using g-N-CD (7950 μmol<sub>H2</sub> (g<sub>CD</sub> )<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> ) compared to undoped CDs. All graphitized CDs show significantly enhanced light absorption compared to amorphous CDs (a-CD) yet undoped g-CD display limited photosensitizer ability due to low extraction of photogenerated charges. Transient absorption spectroscopy showed that nitrogen doping in g-N-CD increases the efficiency of hole scavenging by the electron donor and thereby significantly extends the lifetime of the photogenerated electrons. Thus, nitrogen doping allows the high absorption coefficient of graphitic CDs to be translated into high charge extraction for efficient photocatalysis.
A rare P2X7 variant Arg307Gln with absent pore formation function protects against neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis (2015)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic relapsing-remitting inflammatory disease of the central nervous system characterized by oligodendrocyte damage, demyelination and neuronal death. Genetic association studies have shown a 2-fold or greater prevalence of the HLA-DRB1*1501 allele in the MS population compared with normal Caucasians. In discovery cohorts of Australasian patients with MS (total 2941 patients and 3008 controls), we examined the associations of 12 functional polymorphisms of P2X7, a microglial/macrophage receptor with proinflammatory effects when activated by extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In discovery cohorts, rs28360457, coding for Arg307Gln was associated with MS and combined analysis showed a 2-fold lower minor allele frequency compared with controls (1.11% for MS and 2.15% for controls, P = 0.0000071). Replication analysis of four independent European MS case-control cohorts (total 2140 cases and 2634 controls) confirmed this association [odds ratio (OR) = 0.69, P = 0.026]. A meta-analysis of all Australasian and European cohorts indicated that Arg307Gln confers a 1.8-fold protective effect on MS risk (OR = 0.57, P = 0.0000024). Fresh human monocytes heterozygous for Arg307Gln have >85% loss of 'pore' function of the P2X7 receptor measured by ATP-induced ethidium uptake. Analysis shows Arg307Gln always occurred with 270His suggesting a single 307Gln-270His haplotype that confers dominant negative effects on P2X7 function and protection against MS. Modeling based on the homologous zP2X4 receptor showed Arg307 is located in a region rich in basic residues located only 12 Å from the ligand binding site. Our data show the protective effect against MS of a rare genetic variant of P2RX7 with heterozygotes showing near absent proinflammatory 'pore' function.
Effects of the alpha-particle emitter At-211 and low-dose-rate gamma-radiation on the human cell line Colo-205 as studied with a growth assay. (1998)

The RBE of 211At found in this growth-assay study was significantly higher than previously presented values. The difference might be due to the use of low-dose-rate gamma-radiation as reference. The RBE presented here could prove valuable when evaluating 211At-labelled compounds for radiotherapy.
Metal Catalyzed Polymerization: From Stereoregular Poly(α‐olefins) to Tailor‐Made Biodegradable/Biorenewable Polymers and Copolymers (2023)

Abstract Metal catalyzed polymerizations are among the most important chemical reactions, accounting for the production of about 400 million tons per year of polymeric materials, 50 % of which are polyolefins. The CIRCC research units at the University of Salerno, founded by the late Professor Adolfo Zambelli, a coworker of Giulio Natta and a pioneer in the studies of stereospecific polymerization catalysts, has a consolidated expertise in this field. Although often considered a “mature” area of research, olefin polymerization catalysis continues to drive great interest of both industrial and academic scientists. On the other hand, strong political and economic pressure toward the development of “green” and possibly biodegradable alternatives to olefin‐based polymers stimulated our group to direct increasing research efforts in the area of sustainable polymers. In this perspective, we focus on the most recent work from the CIRCC research units involved in homogeneous catalysis for polymerization of a variety of monomers, with the aim to address how the concepts and the expertise developed for olefin polymerization can be applied to the development of different metal‐catalyzed polymerizations and copolymerizations. Of course, although the results are discussed in the frame of the most important literature contributions, a comprehensive review of such a wide and diversified topic is out of the scope of the paper. References to reviews covering the different types of metal catalyzed polymerizations are provided in each chapter.
Free energy landscape for protein folding kinetics: Intermediates, traps, and multiple pathways in theory and lattice model simulations (1994)

The implications of thermodynamics of heteropolymers for their folding kinetics are formulated and discussed. The predictions are tested by Monte Carlo simulation of folding of a lattice model 36-monomer proteins at different temperatures. Using a simulated annealing procedure in sequence space, a number of sequences are designed which have sufficiently low energy in a given target conformation. This conformation plays a role of the native structure for the model proteins. The folding transition is found to be cooperative, and the nature of the free energy barrier is studied. At high temperature the barrier is entropic, and at low temperature it is mainly energetic. This can be explained by transformation of the early partly folded intermediate from the disordered state (belonging to the quasicontinuous part of the energy spectrum) at high temperature to the non-native low-energy frozen conformation at low temperature. The latter plays a role of an off-pathway trap. A parallel folding process has been detected at low temperature where direct folding competes with relaxation of the intermediate. The frozen intermediate must unfold to make it possible to form a folding nucleus, which is the prerequisite of subsequent fast descent to the native state.
Integrative medicine considerations for convalescence from mild-to-moderate COVID-19 disease (2020)

The majority of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 have mild-to-moderate COVID-19 disease. Convalescence from mild-to-moderate (MtoM) COVID-19 disease may be supported by integrative medicine strategies. Integrative Medicine (IM) is defined as healing-oriented medicine that takes account of the whole person, including all aspects of lifestyle. Integrative medicine strategies that may support recovery from MtoM COVID-19 are proposed given their clinically studied effects in related conditions. Adoption of an anti-inflammatory diet, supplementation with vitamin D, glutathione, melatonin, Cordyceps, Astragalus and garlic have potential utility. Osteopathic manipulation, Qigong, breathing exercises and aerobic exercise may support pulmonary recovery. Stress reduction, environmental optimization, creative expression and aromatherapy can provide healing support and minimize enduring trauma. These modalities would benefit from clinical trials in people recovering from COVID-19 infection.
Abstract MP110: Inhibition of the Unfolded Protein Response Reduces Arrhythmic Risk After Myocardial Infarction (2020)

Background: Ischemic cardiomyopathy is associated with an increased risk of sudden death, activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), and reductions in multiple cardiac ion channels and transporters. When activated, the protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) arm of the unfolded protein response (UPR) reduces protein translation and abundance. We hypothesize that inhibition of PERK could prevent cardiac ion channel downregulation and reduce arrhythmic risk after myocardial infarct (MI). Methods: The MI mouse model was induced by a left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. Pharmacological inhibition of PERK was achieved with a specific inhibitor, GSK2606414. Genetic inhibition of PERK was achieved by cardiac-specific PERK knockout in C57BL/6J mice (PERKKO). Echocardiography, telemetry, and electrophysiological measurements were performed to monitor cardiac function and arrhythmias. Results: Three weeks after surgery, the wild type MI mice exhibited decreased ejection fraction (EF%), ventricular tachycardia (VT) and prolonged QTc intervals. The UPR effectors (phospho-PERK, phospho-IRE1, and ATF6N) were elevated significantly (1.7- to 5.9-fold) at protein levels, and all major cardiac ion channels showed decreased protein expression in MI hearts. MI cardiomyocytes showed decreased currents for all major channels (I Na , I CaL , I to , I K1 , and I Kur : 60±6%, 53±9%, 27±6%, 55±7%, and 40±7% of sham, respectively, P&lt;0.05 vs. sham) with significantly prolonged action potential duration (APD 90 : 291±43 ms of MI vs. 100±12 ms of sham, P&lt;0.05) and decreased maximum upstroke velocity (dV/dt max : 95±4 V/s of MI vs. 132±6 ms of sham, P&lt;0.05) of the action potential phase 0. GSK treatment restored I Na and I to , shortened APD, and increased dV/dt max . PERKKO mice exhibited reduced electrical remodeling in response to MI with shortened QTc intervals, less VT episodes, and higher survival rates. Conclusion: PERK is activated during MI and contributes to arrhythmic risk by downregulation of select cardiac ion channels. PERK inhibition prevented these changes and reduced arrhythmic risk. These results suggest that ion channel downregulation during MI is a fundamental arrhythmic mechanism and maintaining ion channel levels is antiarrhythmic.
Augmented Electromagnetic Accelerators—Technical Solutions and New Ideas (2013)

Electromagnetic accelerators enable the acceleration of bodies in the gram to kilogram range to velocities above 2 km/s. The Lorentz force is responsible for the acceleration; it is proportional to the electric current in the body's armature and the magnetic field produced by the electric current in the rails. Typically, a large electric current is necessary to create the accelerating force in accelerator configurations with one pair of rails. The large electric currents, which can reach several mega-amperes and the friction forces between the armature and the rails leading to wear the area of the contact. This causes a transition from solid contact to plasma contact increasing the wear of the material. To delay the transition, which limits the performance and the lifetime of the electromagnetic accelerator, the current through the armature has to be decreased. This can be realized by applying an external magnetic field, which augments the magnetic field between the rails and compensates for the reduced current in the armature. In the past, different techniques in the field of augmented electromagnetic accelerators were investigated. This paper gives an overview of augmentation techniques investigated so far. Furthermore, the concept of a modular augmented staged electromagnetic launcher (MASEL) is introduced. This MASEL is being implemented in a new accelerator for the experimental investigations.
Pacemaker Therapy for Sleep Apnea Syndrome (2002)

Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), characterized by frequent episodes of apnea or hypopnea during sleep, affects more than 10% of people older than 65. Treatments with nasal continuous positive airway pressure, theophylline, or surgical ablative therapy have notable drawbacks. These researchers found that SAS patients with pacemakers fared better during nights when their devices were in atrial overdrive.

Of 47 pacemaker patients with symptoms suggestive …