gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[The laparoscopic surgical therapy of gastroesophageal reflux disease]. (1999)

Between January 1995 and February 1997 we performed 30 laparoscopic Nissen-Rossetti fundoplications and 3 laparotomic Nissen fundoplications. All patients were suffering from gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) resistant to medical therapy, 19 patients were suffering also from hiatal hernia and 2 pz. were suffering from a para esophageal hernia. 1 patient had been previously treated with laparotomic Nissen fundoplication for GERD and hiatal hernia. Preoperative assessment included: oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS) with biopsies: 24-h pH-monitoring; 24-h manometry; barium swallow and DeMeester symptoms scoring. Mean operation time was 110 min. 1 pz. required conversion to laparotomy. 35% of pz. experienced mild grade dysphagia that resolved spontaneously in 4-8 weeks. Postoperative evaluation was performed in all patients 6 months after surgery. Overall results were characterised by a significant reduction of the symptoms score: mean score was reduced from 5.6/9 to 0/9. No signs of oesophagitis were seen at control EGDS. 24-h pH monitoring demonstrated a significant reduction of the total time at ph < 4 from a mean value of 28.2% preoperatively to 1.9% postoperatively. 24 h oesophageal manometry revealed a rise in lower oesophageal sphincter pressure from a mean of 11 mmHg preoperatively to a mean of 27 mmHg postoperatively. Our preliminary results demonstrate that laparoscopic Nissen-Rossetti fundoplication is a safe and effective procedure for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease but, sometimes, laparotomic technique can be considered in selected cases.
A Study of Fluid Interface Configurations in Exploration Vehicle Propellant Tanks (2010)

The equilibrium shape and location of fluid interfaces in spacecraft propellant tanks while in low-gravity is of interest to system designers, but can be challenging to predict. The propellant position can affect many aspects of the spacecraft such as the spacecraft center of mass, response to thruster firing due to sloshing, liquid acquisition, propellant mass gauging, and thermal control systems. We use Surface Evolver, a fluid interface energy minimizing algorithm, to investigate theoretical equilibrium liquid-vapor interfaces for spacecraft propellant tanks similar to those that have been considered for NASA's new class of Exploration vehicles. The choice of tank design parameters we consider are derived from the NASA Exploration Systems Architecture Study report. The local acceleration vector employed in the computations is determined by estimating low-Earth orbit (LEO) atmospheric drag effects and centrifugal forces due to a fixed spacecraft orientation with respect to the Earth or Moon, and rotisserie-type spacecraft rotation. Propellant/vapor interface positions are computed for the Earth Departure Stage and Altair lunar lander descent and ascent stage tanks for propellant loads applicable to LEO and low-lunar orbit. In some of the cases investigated the vapor ullage bubble is located at the drain end of the tank, where propellant management device hardware is often located.
Parameter Identifiability of Cardiac Ionic Models Using a Novel CellML Least Squares Optimization Tool (2007)

Published models of excitable cells can be used to fit to a range of action potential experimental data. CellML is a well-defined standard for publishing and exchanging such models, but currently there is a lack of software that utilizes CellML for parameter analysis. In this paper, we introduce a Java-based utility capable of performing model simulation, identifiability analysis, and parameter optimization of ionic cardiac cell models written in CellML. Identifiability analysis was performed in seven CellML models. Parameter identifiability was consistently improved by using the compensatory membrane current as opposed to the membrane voltage as the residual. as well as through the introduction of an additional stimulus set used in the fitting process.
Integration of etched facet, electrically pumped, C-band Fabry-Pérot lasers on a silicon photonic integrated circuit by transfer printing (2018)

We report on the heterogeneous integration of electrically pumped InP Fabry-Pérot lasers on a SOI photonic integrated circuit by transfer printing. Transfer printing is a promising micromanipulation technique that allows the heterogeneous integration of optical and electronic components realized on their native substrate onto a target substrate with efficient use of the source material, in a way that can be scaled to parallel manipulation and that allows mixing components from different sources onto the same target. We pre-process transfer printable etched facet Fabry-Pérot lasers on their native InP substrate, transfer print them into a trench defined in an SOI photonic chip and post-process the printed lasers on the target substrate. The laser facet is successfully butt-coupled to the photonic circuit using a silicon inverse taper based spot size converter. Milliwatt optical output power coupled to the Si waveguide circuit at 100 mA is demonstrated.
A dual band Wi-Fi antenna using a metamaterial CSRR matching particle (2010)

Dual band antennas are important for many different communication protocols such as Wi-Fi which works at two frequency bands, 2.4-2.5 GHz and 5.15-5.85 GHz. While there are many techniques published to design a dual band antenna, one possible way is to use a matching network. To achieve the required broadband matching at two different bands a novel double-tuned, dual-band, matching network is herein proposed. First the theory of double-tuned, dual-band matching is described. Subsequently, the method is applied to match a compact planar monopole to the WiFi bands using a compact Complementary Split-Ring-Resonator(CSRR) microstrip line as the matching network. By integrating this dual-band matching network with the monopole, the antenna as a whole is designed to cover the two different frequency bands.
Comparative Analysis of Bacterial and Archaeal Communities in Methanogenic Sludge Granules from Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors Treating Various Food-Processing, High-Strength Organic Wastewaters (2009)

A comprehensive survey of bacterial and archaeal community structures within granular sludges taken from twelve different types of full-scale, food-processing wastewater-treating, upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors was performed with a 16S rRNA gene-based clone library method. In total, 1,282 bacterial 16S rRNA gene clones and 722 archaeal clones were analyzed, and their identities were determined by phylogenetic analyses. Overall, clones belonging to the bacterial phyla Proteobacteria (the class Deltaproteobacteria in particular), Firmicutes, Spirochaetes, and Bacteroidetes were observed in abundance within the bacterial clone libraries examined, indicating common bacterial denominators in such treatment systems. Within the domain Archaea, clones affiliated with the classes Methanomicrobia and Methanobacteria were found to be abundant in the archaeal libraries. In relation to features of reactor performance (such as chemical oxygen demand removal, fatty acid accumulation, and sludge bulking), possible representative phylotypes likely to be associated with process failures, such as sludge bulking and the accumulation of propionate, were found in comparative analyses of the distribution of phylotypes in the sludge libraries.
Hemin activation abrogates <i>Mycoplasma hyorhinis</i> replication in chronically infected prostate cancer cells via heme oxygenase‐1 induction (2021)

Mycoplasma hyorhinis (M. hyorhinis) lacks a cell wall and resists multiple antibiotics. We describe here the striking > 90% inhibitory effect of hemin, a natural inducer of the cytoprotective enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), on M. hyorhinis replication in chronically infected LNCaP prostate cancer cells. The role of HO-1 in interrupting M. hyorhinis replication was confirmed by HO-1-specific siRNA suppression of hemin-induced HO-1 protein expression, which increased intracellular M. hyorhinis DNA levels in LNCaP cells. Proteomic analysis and transmission electron microscopy of hemin-treated cells confirmed the complete absence of M. hyorhinis proteins and intact microorganisms, respectively, strongly supporting these findings. Our study is the first to our knowledge suggesting therapeutic potential for activated HO-1 in cellular innate responses against mycoplasma infection.
Huygens' Metasurfaces for Antenna Beamforming and Beamsteering (2022)

Huygens' metasurfaces provide a platform for realizing low-profile antennas without sophisticated feeding networks that increase power losses. In particular, they can synthesize radiating apertures by passively transforming the incident fields. In this paper, we summarize recent progress on the field of beam-forming and beamsteering with Huygens' metasurfaces. Several strategies to overcome the limitations posed by the passivity of Huygens' metasurfaces and to achieve arbitrary beamforming are explored. Furthermore, ways to integrate tunable metasurfaces with leaky-wave antennas are discussed with the purpose of obtaining steerable far-field patterns.
Mesoscopic and Continuous Photoresist Development Simulation (2009)

In dieser Arbeit wurden verschiedene Algorithmen entwickelt um die Entstehung der Kantenrauhigkeit von Photolacken in der Lithograhie zu beschreiben. Dabei wurde speziell für den in der Lithographie vorkommenden Entwicklungsschritt nach der Belichtung und dem "Post-exposure bake" (PEB) verschiedene kontinuierliche und mesoskopische Algorithmen erforscht. Um die Lackentwicklung auf einer mesoskopischen Skala zu simulieren wurde ein auf dem Gillespie-Algorithmus bzw. auf der kinetischen Monte-Carlo Methode basierender Ansatz implementiert. Eine Front wird dabei in der Zeit propagiert wobei die Rauhigkeit des resultierenden Profils von der Polymergrösse und der Perkolation des Entwicklers abhängt. Das Herauslösen einzelner Polymere basiert dabei auf dem Critical-Ionization Modell bei dem eine bestimmte Anzahl von funktionellen Gruppen innerhalb eines Polymers ionisiert sein müssen, damit es in einer wässrigen Base gelöst werden kann. Kombiniert mit einem bereits existierenden mesoskopischen PEB Modell wurden dabei fundamentale Auflösungsgrenzen von Photolacken untersucht. Dabei wurde in Übereinstimmung mit bereits bekannten experimentellen veröffentlichten Trends eine Abhängigkeit der Rauhigkeit vom Schutzgruppenkontrast gefunden. Ebenso führt eine Erhöhung der Säure erzeugenden "Photoacid generators" (PAG) zu einer Verringerung der Rauhigkeit. Der Einfluss der Polymergrösse auf die Rauhigkeit wurde dabei im Modell untersucht. Dabei wurde auch ein neuer Ansatz entwickelt in dem die Polymerstruktur mittels Molekulardynamik-Simulationen auf einer mikroskopischen Skala beschrieben und die Strukturinformation in dem mesoskopischen Modell eingebaut wurde. Da dieses Modell aufgrund des fundamentaleren Ansatzes im Vergleich zu kontinuierlichen Simulatoren eine wesentlich höhere Rechenzeit benötigt wurde das mesoskopische PEB Modell mit einem kontinuierlichen Fast-Marching Ansatz kombiniert wobei der Einfluss einzelner Polymere vernachlässigt wurde. Der Fast-Marching Ansatz ist bereits seit 1995 als ein Standardansatz zur Frontpropagation bekannt. Der hier entwickelte Algorithmus wurde dabei anhand von analytischen Lösungen und einem Level-Set Algorithmus verifiziert. Der so entwickelte Ansatz erlaubt eine Simulation bei beliebiger Auflösung die nicht mehr darin limitiert ist eine funktionelle Gruppe innerhalb eines Polymers aufzulösen. Dieses Modell wurde anhand von experimentell gemessenen Kontaktlochdaten im Vergleich zum Critical-Ionization und einem Level-Set Modell verifiziert. Zusammenfassend war durch die in dieser Arbeit entwickelten Algorithmen eine Beschreibung des Photolackes auf einer mesoskopischen Skala möglich wobei bereits bekannte experimentelle und simulatorische Ergebnisse in der Literatur erklärt und reproduziert werden konnten.
The Synthesis and Characterisations of Porous Thioamide-Sulfonated-Modified Poly (Acrylonitrile-&lt;em&gt;Co&lt;/em&gt;-Divinylbenzene-80) as a Potential Sorbent to Capture Polar Analytes (2018)

Pharmaceuticals contain biologically active components that can pollute water courses as a result of the excretions from individuals and/or uncontrolled release of residues from chemical plants, and they can pose a hazard to health. Pharmaceutical residues can persist at low concentrations in the environment, and thus may be potentially harmful to aquatic animals and to humans. &amp;nbsp;Controlling and monitoring such residues are therefore a prime interest, for example, a solid-phase extraction uses solid sorbents to purify and preconcentrate the residues prior to their chemical analysis. In the present study, poly (acrylonitrile-co-divinylbenzene-80) sorbents are synthesised by varying the comonomer feed ratios under precipitation polymerisation conditions to deliver a family of porous polymer microspheres. Acrylonitrile confers polar characters onto the sorbents, and the acrylonitrile-derived nitrile groups can be chemically transformed via polymer-analogous reactions into thioamide and sulfonated residues which make the sorbents even more suitable for the capture of polar analytes, including selected pharmaceuticals. The utility of the porous thioamide-sulfonated containing sorbents is demonstrated via the dispersion-solid phase extraction of mefenamic acid from aqueous media; mefenamic acid is an anthranilic acid derivative which is a potent, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug which is found in environmental waters at low concentrations.
Formation of the tetranuclear, tetrakis-terminal-imido Mn<sub>4</sub><sup>IV</sup>(N<sup>t</sup>Bu)<sub>8</sub>cubane cluster by four-electron reductive elimination of<sup>t</sup>BuNN<sup>t</sup>Bu. The role of the s-block ion in stabilization of high-oxidation state intermediates (2013)

Mn4(IV)(μ3-N(t)Bu)4(N(t)Bu)4 is obtained from a previously reported asymmetric Mn(IV/V)-Li-(NR)(N) cluster by the removal of Li from the starting cluster by ion metathesis, which triggers reductive elimination of azo-tert-butane to give a tetranuclear heterocubane cluster.
Distributed, real-time computation of community preferences (2005)

We describe the integration of smart digital objects with Hebbian learning to create a distributed, real-time, scalable approach to adapting to a community's preferences. We designed an experiment using popular music as the subject matter. Each digital object corresponded to a music album and contained links to other music albums. By dynamically generating links among digital objects according to user traversal patterns, then hierarchically organizing these links according to shared metadata values, we created a network of digital objects that self-organized in real-time according to the preferences of the user community. Furthermore, the similarity between user preferences and generated link structure was more pronounced between collections of objects aggregated by shared metadata values.
Photoisomerization of All-<i>trans</i>Retinal Triggered with Femtosecond Phase-locked Pulse Pairs (2008)

We investigate dependence of photo-isomerization compositions on the time interval of a femtosecond phase-locked pulse pair used for excitation. The compositions were analyzed directly by high-performance liquid chromatograpy. Coherent enhancement of the isomerization from all- trans to 13- and 9- cis retinals was observed via the two-photon excited Ag state. We determined the dephasing time of the excited-state wave-packets to be less than 80 fs.
Fundamental Limits for Privacy-Preserving Biometric Identification Systems That Support Authentication (2015)

In this paper, we analyze two types of biometric identification systems with protected templates that also support authentication. In the first system, two terminals observe biometric enrollment and identification sequences of a number of individuals. It is the goal of these terminals to form a common secret for the sequences belonging to the same individual by interchanging public (helper) messages of all individuals such that the information leakage about the secrets from these helper messages is negligible. These secret keys are used for authentication purposes. Moreover, the second terminal should be able to establish the identity of an individual based on the presented biometric identification sequence and helper messages. It is important to realize that biometric data are unique for individuals and cannot be replaced if compromised. Therefore, the helper messages should contain as little as possible information about the biometric data. In the second setting, we consider the first terminal does not generate secret keys from biometric sequences of individuals but chooses them uniformly at random. These keys are conveyed to the second terminal by communicating the corresponding helper messages. In this paper, we determine the fundamental tradeoffs between secret-key, identification, and privacy-leakage rates for both biometric settings.
The crystal structure of NlpI (2004)

There are several different families of repeat proteins. In each, a distinct structural motif is repeated in tandem to generate an elongated structure. The nonglobular, extended structures that result are particularly well suited to present a large surface area and to function as interaction domains. Many repeat proteins have been demonstrated experimentally to fold and function as independent domains. In tetratricopeptide (TPR) repeats, the repeat unit is a helix‐turn‐helix motif. The majority of TPR motifs occur as three to over 12 tandem repeats in different proteins. The majority of TPR structures in the Protein Data Bank are of isolated domains. Here we present the high‐resolution structure of NlpI, the first structure of a complete TPR‐containing protein. We show that in this instance the TPR motifs do not fold and function as an independent domain, but are fully integrated into the three‐dimensional structure of a globular protein. The NlpI structure is also the first TPR structure from a prokaryote. It is of particular interest because it is a membrane‐associated protein, and mutations in it alter septation and virulence.
An unscathed tourist of wars: The journalism of Martha Gellhorn (2007)

Better known now as a pioneering war correspondent, during her lifetime Martha Gellhorn yearned for personal satisfaction and critical appreciation as a novelist. Gellhorn was born in 1908 in St Louis, Missouri. After studying one year at Bryn Mawr College, Pennsylvania, she decided to become a journalist and so never graduated. She worked briefly for the New Republic and the New York-based Times Union but then, in 1930, left the United States on a speculative mission to research and write in Europe, paying for her transatlantic passage by writing an article on the shipping line’s service. In Paris she worked for a number of journals, including Vogue and the St Louis Post-Dispatch, and began a controversial affair with the married journalist and author Bertrand de Jouvenal. She returned to the States, and her first, highly autobiographical, novel What Mad Pursuit (1934) had mixed reviews but her second book, The Trouble I’ve Seen (1936) – based on her reports for the Federal Emergency Relief Administration on how people were surviving the Depression across America – was well received. In all she published six novels between 1934 and 1967. Gellhorn established herself as a war correspondent by filing reports from the Spanish Civil War during 1937-8 for the American magazine Collier’s Weekly. While reporting from Madrid she worked alongside the celebrated American novelist Ernest Hemingway whom she married on 21 November 1940. Hemingway dedicated his famous novel about the Spanish Civil War, For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940), to Gellhorn – but the marriage was to last just five years. Gellhorn went on to report on World War Two, including the D-Day landings and the liberation of the Dachau concentration camp.1 She later reported from Vietnam in 1966 (for the Guardian) and from the 1967 Arab/Israeli Six-Day War. Her final war assignment – at the age of 81 – was the 1989 invasion of Panama by the US. Collections of Gellhorn’s journalism were compiled as The Face of War (1959) and The View From the Ground (1988). Her sole overtly autobiographical work, and the only piece in which she wrote in the first person, was Travels With Myself and Another (1978), which includes the account of a trip to China in 1941, with Hemingway referred to throughout as ‘UC’ – Gellhorn’s Unwilling Companion. She died on 15 February 1998, aged 89.
Distribution Of Distances In Native And Denatured Troponin I, From Frequency-Domain Measurements Of Fluorescence Energy Transfer (1988)

We used time-dependent fluorescence energy transfer to determine the distribution of donor-to-acceptor distances in native and denatured troponin I(TnI). The single tryptophan residue (trp 158) of TnI served as the donor (D), and the acceptor (A) was a labeled cysteine residue (cys 133). The time-dependent intensity decays of the donor were measured by the frequency-domain method. The frequency-response of the donor emission, in the absence and presence of acceptor, was used to recover the distribution of D to &Aring; distances, using an algorithm which accounts for the intrinsic multi-exponential decay of the donor. In the native state the D-A distribution is characterized by an average distance of 23 A and a half-width of 12 &Aring;. Denaturation results in a modest increase in the average distance to 27 A, and a dramatic increase in half-width to 47 &Aring;. We believe the ability to recover distance distributions will have numerous applications in the characterization of biological macromolecules.
Ein bisher einmaliger Einblick in die Diffusion durch die Beobachtung der Konzentration von Gastmolekülen in nanoporösen Wirtmaterialien (2006)

Mit Interferenzmikroskopie wurde die Konzentration von Gastmolekülen in Ferrierit-Zeolithen ermittelt. Die Mikroporen-Diffusionskoeffizienten wurden durch die mikroskopische Anwendung des zweiten Fickschen Gesetzes als eine Funktion der Beladung bestimmt. Mit Interferenzmikroskopie lassen sich isotrope und anisotrope Diffusion untersuchen sowie Oberflächenbarrieren und interne Strukturdefekte auffinden und quantifizieren.
Phage Therapy for Multi-Drug Resistant Respiratory Tract Infections (2021)

The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria is recognised today as one of the greatest challenges to public health. As traditional antimicrobials are becoming ineffective and research into new antibiotics is diminishing, a number of alternative treatments for MDR bacteria have been receiving greater attention. Bacteriophage therapies are being revisited and present a promising opportunity to reduce the burden of bacterial infection in this post-antibiotic era. This review focuses on the current evidence supporting bacteriophage therapy against prevalent or emerging multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens in respiratory medicine and the challenges ahead in preclinical data generation. Starting with efforts to improve delivery of bacteriophages to the lung surface, the current developments in animal models for relevant efficacy data on respiratory infections are discussed before finishing with a summary of findings from the select human trials performed to date.
Community Socioeconomic Status and Prehospital Times in Acute Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack (2006)

Within our population, living in a poorer area does not appear to delay access to acute care for stroke in a clinically significant way. We did find small, statistically significant delays in prehospital times that were associated with poorer communities, black race, and increasing age. However, delays related to public recognition of stroke symptoms, and limited use of 911, are likely much more important than these small delays that occur with EMS systems.
The Shipboard Integrated Power System [About This Issue] (2015)

Presents an editorial discusses the topics of interest for this issue of the pulbication, focusing on shipboard integrated power systems.