gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Localised degradation within sulfide-based all-solid-state electrodes visualised by Raman mapping (2023)

The distribution of degradation products, before and after cycling, within common sulfide-based solid electrolytes (β-Li<sub>3</sub>PS<sub>4</sub>, Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>Cl and Li<sub>10</sub>GeP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>12</sub>) was mapped using Raman microscopy. All composite electrodes displayed the appearance of side reaction products after the initial charge-discharge cycle, located at the site of a LiNi<sub>0.6</sub>Mn<sub>0.2</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> particle.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Stereocontrolled One‐Step Synthesis of anti‐β‐Amino Alcohols from Organoboronic Acids, Amines, and α‐Hydroxy Aldehydes. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Revolutionary Materials for Hypersonic Flight (2011)

Abstract : A team had been assembled to address challenges presented by future generations of hydrocarbon-fueled, long-range expendable missiles that operate up to Mach 7. The core issues involve robust materials and designs capable of sustaining pressure loads and extreme heat flux as well as shape-morphing components that allow efficient flight scenarios. The concepts invoke active cooling of the combustion system as well as passive cooling, through the use of heat pipes, of leading edges. The emphasis is on refractory alloys, coated to provide oxidation protection. Structural concepts leading to near-zero thermal expansion are also pursued. The document highlights the principal challenges and the key accomplishments of the program. Additional details are, found in the published papers, listed at the end of the document.
Short separation regression improves statistical significance and better localizes the hemodynamic response obtained by near-infrared spectroscopy for tasks with differing autonomic responses (2015)

Autonomic nervous system response is known to be highly task-dependent. The sensitivity of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measurements to superficial layers, particularly to the scalp, makes it highly susceptible to systemic physiological changes. Thus, one critical step in NIRS data processing is to remove the contribution of superficial layers to the NIRS signal and to obtain the actual brain response. This can be achieved using short separation channels that are sensitive only to the hemodynamics in the scalp. We investigated the contribution of hemodynamic fluctuations due to autonomous nervous system activation during various tasks. Our results provide clear demonstrations of the critical role of using short separation channels in NIRS measurements to disentangle differing autonomic responses from the brain activation signal of interest.
Second-harmonic generation in a high-index doped silica micro-ring resonator (2022)

We report the first, to the best of our knowledge, observation of second-harmonic generation (SHG) in a high-index doped silica micro-ring resonator, due to the symmetry-breaking-induced χ<sup>(2)</sup> at the core and cladding interface of the waveguide. The generated SH power is shown to have quadratic dependence on the in-cavity power of the fundamental pump at around 1550 nm. The pumping wavelength sweep method is adopted to fulfill the phase-matching condition for maximum conversion efficiency of SHG. This work offers a new approach to generate a visible source for the visible-light integrated optical platform from infrared-visible light conversion.
Isolation and characterization of Ca2+-blind mutants of Yersinia pestis (1985)

The plasmid pCD1 is required for expression of the low-calcium response (LCR), virulence, and production of V antigen in Yersinia pestis KIM. Five independent mutants constitutive for the LCR at 37 degrees C (Lcrc) were obtained through ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis followed by ampicillin enrichment. A sixth, spontaneous mutant was obtained directly through ampicillin enrichment. These mutants failed to grow at 37 degrees C regardless of calcium concentration and produced V antigen constitutively at this temperature. All six mutations were located on pCD1. One mutation was mapped to a 1-kilobase region of lcrA. Based on complementation mapping of this mutation, the lcrA locus was divided into two new loci, lcrD and lcrE. This mutation, lcrE1, did not alter the transcription of other genes in the LCR region and was cis-recessive to lcr mutations. Several lower-molecular-weight outer membrane proteins which were observed in the parent strain grown at 37 degrees C in the presence of 2.5 mM calcium were reduced in quantity or absent from the mutant strain.
Experimental demonstration of impedance match locking and control for coupled resonators (2010)

We describe and verify the dynamic behavior of a novel technique to optimize and actively control the optical impedance matching condition of a coupled resonator system. The technique employs radio frequency modulation and demodulation to interrogate the reflection amplitude response of the coupled cavity system. The sign and magnitude of the demodulated signal is used in a closed loop feedback system which controls the coupling condition of a three-mirror resonator. This was done by actuating on the spacing between two of mirrors, effectively using the pair as a variable reflectivity compound mirror. We propose that this technique can be used for controlling the signal bandwidth of next-generation gravitational wave detectors, as well as optimizing circulating optical carrier power in the instrument.
Instantiating Product‐Specific Processes: A Framework for Product Quality Achievement (2016)

Abstract In current systems and software engineering practice, processes are defined generically at a level of abstraction above the specific product to be delivered. Processes capture engineering best practice but do not provide specific guidance on the technical work to be done to produce the product. Best practice guidance is sufficient where expert teams work on a stream of relatively similar problems, but in project organizations where the problems being addressed differ from project to project, particular quality concerns may be missed, leading to significant quality gaps that get identified and closed only late in the life cycle. We close this gap by deriving project‐specific processes from the generic organizational processes, instantiating the processes with the specific tasks needed to address the particular functional and quality concerns of each deliverable. Instantiation utilizes institutional knowledge from organizational and other knowledge repositories. This framework for systematically achieving product quality has been utilized successfully on several large programs, and published recently as an ISO Technical Specification, ISO TS30103. We present a case study of its application to a large insurance project.
EEG correlated functional MRI and postoperative outcome in focal epilepsy (2010)

These results show the potential value of EEG-fMRI in presurgical evaluation.
Supplementary Tables from ER&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; Breast Cancers Resistant to Prolonged Neoadjuvant Letrozole Exhibit an E2F4 Transcriptional Program Sensitive to CDK4/6 Inhibitors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Table S1: The Preoperative Endocrine Prognostic Index (PEPI score) Supplemental Table S2:* Baseline Ki67: 7 patients had missing values Supplemental Table S3a: Driver Mutations Supplemental Table S3b: Driver Copy Number Alterations Supplemental Table S3c: Mutations clinically actionable. Drug prescription Supplemental Table S4: Actionable CNAs. Drug prescription Supplemental Table S5: Overlap between genes upregulated in resistant tumors and transcription factor targets genes Suplemental Table S6: Change from baseline to surgery in gene expressions of the 47 most upregulated genes in the tumors resistant to prolonged neoadjuvant letrozole from 60 HR-positive/HER2-negative breast cancers in POP trial. A decreased gene expression translates into a geometric mean change &lt; 1 . An increased or stable gene expression translates into a geometric mean change {greater than or equal to} 1. Supplemental Table S7: Mutations detected in this study(post-filtering) Supplemental Table S8: Gene expression values (FPKM)&lt;/p&gt;
Effects of KR-30035, a novel multidrug-resistance modulator, on the cardiovascular system of rats in vivo and on the cell cycle of human cancer cells in vitro (2000)

The present study was performed to evaluate the adverse effects of KR-30035, a multidrug-resistance modulator, on the cardiovascular system in vivo, along with its effect on paclitaxel-induced cell cycle arrest in cultured cancer cells. In anesthetized rats, KR-30035 was about 10-fold less potent than verapamil in lowering blood pressure (i.v. ED20: 0.320+/-0.052 and 0.034+/-0.005 mg/kg, respectively) and in producing electrocardiogram changes. In conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats, verapamil caused a significant antihypertensive effects at the doses tested (p.o. ED20, 7.8+/-4.0 mg/kg), whereas KR-30035 did not significantly change either the blood pressure or the heart rate at any doses tested (up to 100 mg/kg). The estimated i.v. LD50 values in mice were 5.9 and 48.9 mg/kg for verapamil and KR-30035, respectively. In the presence of 10 microM KR-30035, paclitaxel (1 microM) when added to cultures of HCT15/CL02 human cancer cells greatly shifted the cell population from the G0/G1 phases towards G2/M phases (from 42.4, 30.3 and 27.3 to 14.6, 21.5 and 63.9% for the G0/G1, S and G2/M phases, respectively), with a similar magnitude to that of 10 microM verapamil (14.0, 15.7 and 70.3%, respectively). These results suggest that KR-30035 has weaker in vivo effects on the cardiovascular system compared with verapamil, while potentiating the G2/M arresting effect of paclitaxel on the cell cycle.
Design of a ternary D/A converter (1991)

The design is presented of a ternary D/A converter using current mirror sources. The design goal has been to obtain a system with a higher tolerance to both power supply and physical parameter fluctuations compared to existing systems. Furthermore, comparison with previously reported 3R-4R resistive network D/A converters reveals a better area saving in the present design.
Oncostatin M up-regulates low density lipoprotein receptors in HepG2 cells by a novel mechanism. (1991)

Oncostatin M is a growth regulatory protein secreted by macrophages and activated T lymphocytes. In a hepatoma cell line (HepG2) the polypeptide very potently increased low density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake with an EC50 of 0.1-0.2 nM. The stimulation of LDL uptake was detectable by 2 h, was maximal by 8 h, and remained elevated through 20 h of oncostatin M incubation. In a similar fashion, oncostatin M also increased the number of cell surface LDL receptors by a mechanism that was inhibited by cycloheximide or the protein kinase C inhibitor H-7. Oncostatin M stimulation of LDL uptake and receptor protein occurred regardless of the state of cholesterol-dependent regulation of HepG2 LDL receptor (i.e. cells incubated in medium containing lipoproteins responded to the same extent as did cells incubated in the absence of lipoproteins). No significant effects were observed on sterol synthesis over 8 h or on DNA synthesis over 24 h. Oncostatin M induced rapid alterations in HepG2 phospholipid metabolism. Within 5-15 min there was a 20-50% increase in incorporation of 32P into several classes of phospholipids, including the phosphoinositides. Radiolabeled diacylglycerol levels were elevated 20% by 2 min and nearly 50% by 15 min. In addition, the polypeptide induced rapid increased (within 1 min) in phosphorylation of HepG proteins on tyrosine residues. Stimulation of both phosphotyrosine and LDL receptor up-regulation by oncostatin M was decreased by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein. We propose that oncostatin M up-regulates HepG2 LDL receptor expression by a mechanism that includes stimulation of a tyrosine kinase followed by generation of phospholipid-related second messengers.
Electrodeposition of CoMn onto Stainless Steels Interconnects for Increased Lifetimes in SOFCs (2010)

A pulse and pulse reverse electrochemical deposition process is being developed for cost effective coating of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) interconnects. Faraday Technology and WVU demonstrated that the developed process could produce uniform dense, crack-free, well-adhered CoMn alloy coatings of various compositions on a 5cm x 5cm 441 stainless steel interconnect surface. The post-deposition thermal treatment converted the CoMn alloy coatings to (Mn,Co)3O4 spinels in which a coating thickness of ~3µm was shown to be sufficient to mitigate chromia diffusion and oxidation. Various electrochemical deposition processing parameters are examined to determine their affect on the coatings performance, while the coatings thickness and composition are also varied in order to obtain preliminary coating performance limits.
RFID를 이용한 도로하부 공동 관리 시스템의 현장 적용을 위한 기초 실험 (2019)

Purpose: In this study, the location and history information of the cavity identified in the cavity exploration, such as repacking of the pavement, is not known. Therefore, it is to review the field applicability of RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) systems that enable anyone to accurately identify information. Method: Basic experiments were conducted for field applicability for cavity recognition distance, recognition and recognition rate, tag performance and tag type, reader interference, communication, underground burial impact, and duplicate recognition by RFID system. Results: As a result of the depth of tag and reader recognition, the electronic tag chips and readers applied in the basic experiment are judged to be effectively applicable in the field environment where the road cavity is located. Conclusion: The RFID tags for field application of the pavement management system store various information such as location and size of cavity, identification date, cause of occurrence, and surrounding underground facilities to maximize cavity management effect with a system that can be computerized and mobile utilization.
ER+ Breast Cancer Strongly Depends on MCL-1 and BCL-xL Anti-Apoptotic Proteins (2021)

Breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer and the major cause of mortality in women. The rapid development of various therapeutic options has led to the improvement of treatment outcomes; nevertheless, one-third of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive patients relapse due to cancer cell acquired resistance. Here, we use dynamic BH3 profiling (DBP), a functional predictive assay that measures net changes in apoptotic priming, to find new effective treatments for ER+ breast cancer. We observed anti-apoptotic adaptations upon treatment that pointed to metronomic therapeutic combinations to enhance cytotoxicity and avoid resistance. Indeed, we found that the anti-apoptotic proteins BCL-xL and MCL-1 are crucial for ER+ breast cancer cells resistance to therapy, as they exert a dual inhibition of the pro-apoptotic protein BIM and compensate for each other. In addition, we identified the AKT inhibitor ipatasertib and two BH3 mimetics targeting these anti-apoptotic proteins, S63845 and A-1331852, as new potential therapies for this type of cancer. Therefore, we postulate the sequential inhibition of both proteins using BH3 mimetics as a new treatment option for refractory and relapsed ER+ breast cancer tumors.
Bacterial death comes full circle: targeting plasmid replication in drug-resistant bacteria (2005)

It is now common for bacterial infections to resist the preferred antibiotic treatment. In particular, hospital-acquired infections that are refractory to multiple antibiotics and ultimately result in death of the patient are prevalent. Many of the bacteria causing these infections have become resistant to antibiotics through the process of lateral gene transfer, with the newly acquired genes encoding a variety of resistance-mediating proteins. These foreign genes often enter the bacteria on plasmids, which are small, circular, extrachromosomal pieces of DNA. This plasmid-encoded resistance has been observed for virtually all classes of antibiotics and in a wide variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms; many antibiotics are no longer effective due to such plasmid-encoded resistance. The systematic removal of these resistance-mediating plasmids from the bacteria would re-sensitize bacteria to standard antibiotics. As such, plasmids offer novel targets that have heretofore been unexploited clinically. This Perspective details the role of plasmids in multi-drug resistant bacteria, the mechanisms used by plasmids to control their replication, and the potential for small molecules to disrupt plasmid replication and re-sensitize bacteria to antibiotics. An emphasis is placed on plasmid replication that is mediated by small counter-transcript RNAs, and the "plasmid addiction" systems that employ toxins and antitoxins.
Characterization of ferric reducing activity in roots of Fe‐deficient <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> (1983)

Iron‐deficient bean plants ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Prélude) exhibited a ferric reducing activity in the roots, with kinetics characteristic for matrix‐bound enzymes: the reaction rate was proportional to substrate (Fe‐EDTA) concentration until 100 μ M , and at higher concentrations it leveled off to a maximum; the Lineweaver‐Burk plot yielded a non‐linear relationship between rate −1 and substrate −1 . The Arrhenius plot yielded apparent activation energies which were dependent on substrate concentration. No evidence was obtained for the secretion by roots of a low molecular weight metabolite involved in the reduction of iron prior to its uptake. The results are interpreted to indicate that the ferric reducing activity in the roots of iron‐deficient bean plants is located in an enzyme in the plasmalemma of the cortex or epidermis cells.
Offspring of Patients with Affective Disorders (1979)

All the children (ages 5-15) of 14 consecutive patients admitted to hospital at the National Institute of Mental Health with a diagnosis of bipolar or unipolar affective disorder were studied. The children were seen twice, four months apart, and assessed by an interview and rating scales. The parents were also assessed. Of 14 boys, five were depressed on both interviews and three were depressed on one interview. Four of the 16 girls were depressed on both interviews and 11 were depressed on one interview. The clinical picture and the ratings showed the boys, but not the girls, to have a significant correlation for depression on both interviews. The children diagnosed as suffering from depression showed the symptoms of a primary unipolar affective disorder without other significant pathology.
A Model of Multimodal Ridesharing and Its Analysis (2016)

Getting a taxi in highly congested areas (e.g. Airports, conferences) is both time consuming and expensive. Chicago Tribune reports that wait at Chicago O'Hare International airport for taxi cabs can be as long as 45 minutes [1]. In this paper we propose RSVP, a ridesharing system that uses walking and virtual pools. RSVP is aimed mainly for transportation hubs, such as airports, railway stations, etc. In these places, a steady stream of passengers arrive via some public transport mode, say train, and then depart to different destinations. We introduce a model for ride-sharing that involves walking, devise ridesharing algorithms, and evaluate them using a database that recorded real taxi trips in NYC.
Impact of Channel Thickness on the Large-Signal Performance in InAlGaN/AlN/GaN HEMTs With an AlGaN Back Barrier (2018)

The impact of varying the GaN channel layer thickness (t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ch</sub> ) in InAlGaN/AlN/GaN HEMTs with C-doped AlGaN back barriers is investigated. t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ch</sub> was 50, 100, and 150 nm, and the gate length of the fabricated HEMTs ranged from 50 to 200 nm. It is found that short-channel effects (SCEs) are significantly mitigated with a small t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ch</sub> . For HEMTs with a gate length of 50 nm, the drain-induced barrier lowering changes from 40 to 93 mV/V as t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ch</sub> is increased from 50 to 150 nm. On the other hand, it is shown that dispersive effects are more severe for a smaller t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ch</sub> , as demonstrated by a sixfold increase in the dynamic ON-resistance for t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ch</sub> = 50 nm compared to t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ch</sub> = 150 nm. The tradeoff between dispersion and SCEs is reflected in large-signal measurements at 30 GHz. The 50-nm channel, mainly limited by dispersion, exhibits an output power of 3.5 W/mm. The thicker channels reach a maximum of around 5 W/mm, but for different gate lengths due to the difference in severity of the SCEs. This paper elucidates the interplay between SCEs and dispersion related to t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ch</sub> , its consequences for the large-signal performance and for the limitation in downscaling of the gate length.
Impact of fraud on the mean-field dynamics of cooperative social systems (2007)

The evolution of costly cooperation between selfish individuals seems to contradict Darwinian selection, as it reduces the fitness of a cooperating individual. However, several mechanisms such as repeated interactions or spatial structure can lead to the evolution of cooperation. One such mechanism for the evolution of cooperation, in particular among humans, is indirect reciprocity, in which individuals base their decision to cooperate on the reputation of the potential receiver, which has been established in previous interactions. Cooperation can evolve in these systems if individuals preferably cooperate with those that have shown to be cooperative in the past. We analyze the impact of fake reputations or fraud on the dynamics of reputation and on the success of the reputation system itself, using a mean-field description for evolutionary games given by the replicator equation. This allows us to classify the qualitative dynamics of our model analytically. Our results show that cooperation based on indirect reciprocity is robust with respect to fake reputations and can even be enhanced by them. We conclude that fraud per se does not necessarily have a detrimental effect on social systems.
Electrical performances of junctionless-FETs at the scaling limit (L&lt;inf&gt;CH&lt;/inf&gt; &amp;#x003D; 3 nm) (2012)

Junctionless-FETs (JL-FET) with extremely short channel length (L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CH</sub> = 3 nm) were fabricated using anisotropic wet etching of SOI substrate, and superior transfer characteristics are demonstrated. Experimental results and simulation study predict that ultra-low voltage CMOS can be constructed using N- and P-type JL-FETs with single work function metal gate. Furthermore, it is cleared that carrier velocity in the short channel JL-FET is approaching to the injection velocity.
Silicon carbide: a new electrode material for voltammetric measurements (1996)

Chemical vapour deposition of tetramethylsilicon at a resistively heated carbon fibre substrate produces a concentric silicon carbide conductor suitable for use as a solid electrode material for electrochemical measurements.