gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrity Constraints for Linked Data. (2011)

Abstract. Linked Data makes one central addition to the Semantic Web principles: all entity URIs should be dereferenceable to provide an authoritative RDF representation. URIs in a linked dataset can be partitioned into the exported URIs for which the dataset is authoritative versus the imported URIs the dataset is linking against. This partitioning has an impact on integrity constraints, as a Closed World Assumption applies to the exported URIs, while a Open World Assumption applies to the imported URIs. We provide a definition of integrity constraint satisfaction in the presence of partitioning, and show that it leads to a formal interpretation of dependency graphs which describe the hyperlinking relations between datasets. We prove that datasets with integrity constraints form a symmetric monoidal category, from which the soundness of acyclic dependency graphs follows. 1
Altering the spatial determinations in the mouse embryos by manipulating the Hox genes. (1993)

Developmental genetics in Drosophila led to the isolation of the homeotic genes which are involved in the cellular positional information. In vertebrates, homologous genes have been characterized and play similar roles in the spatial determination. However, the subtle mechanisms by which positional identity is specified by the Hox genes co-expression are little known. The Hoxc-8 null mutation can induce homeosis at the anterior margin of Hoxc-8 expression, where the mosaicism observed suggests that, at least in the segmented paraxial mesoderm, the number of cells expressing a Hox gene is a determinant parameter. A combinatorial model is also suggested by several genetic experiments where the level of Hox genes expression is modified. Expression of some related Hox genes in Hoxc-8 homozygous mutants is not altered, suggesting the absence of genetic interregulations between these genes.
Uniform coating of self-assembled non-iridescent colloidal nanostructures using Marangoni effects and polymers (2018)

Colloidal crystals exhibit structural color without any color pigment due to the crystals' periodic nanostructure, which can interfere with visible light. This crystal structure is iridescent as the resulting color changes with the viewing or illumination angle, which limits its use for printing or displays. To eliminate the iridescent property, it is important to make the packing of the colloidal nanoparticles disordered. Here, we introduce a drop-casting method where a droplet of a water- ethanol mixture containing monodisperse polymer-coated silica nanoparticles creates a relatively uniform and non-iridescent deposit after the droplet evaporates completely on a heated substrate. The uniformity is caused by a thermal Marangoni flow and fast evaporation effects due to the heated substrate, whereas non-iridescence is the outcome of short-range-ordered packing of nanoparticles by depletion attraction and friction effects produced by polymer brushes. We show that the colors of the final deposits from individual droplets remain unchanged while the viewing angle is varied under ambient light. We expect that the coating method is compatible with ink-jet printing and the uniformly coated self-assembled non-iridescent nanostructures have potential for color displays using reflection mode and other optical devices.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives as Potential anti‐Breast Cancer Agents. (2013)

Abstract Novel pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine derivatives (IV) are synthesized and screened for their cytotoxic activity against the human breast cancer cell line MCF7.
Cyclic Voltammetric Study of Intramolecular and Intermolecular Hypervalent Organoantimony Complexes with Sb···N Bonding (2004)

The electrochemical behaviors of a series of four intramolecular hypervalent complexes containing Sb···N bonding (antimony (III, V) compounds) and of the relevant common precursors, organonitrogen and (tri- and penta-) substituted stibines, have been investigated using cyclic voltammetry. The shape of the voltammograms is not the simple superposition of the precursors, and the antimony centers of all the complexes undergo an irreversible oxidation process consisting of a charge transfer preceded by the first-order formation−dissociation equilibrium of the complexes. The detailed analysis of the oxidation current, when combined with the theoretical treatment by Nicholson and Shain, provides information on the status of the Sb···N bonding. Good correlations between the electrochemical parameters derived from the oxidation current and the Sb···N bond distance are obtained. Additionally, the cyclic voltammetry of a mixture of the precursors leads to the discovery of their intermolecular hypervalent complexes.
A 6.5 ns 1 Mb BiCMOS ECL SRAM (1990)

A 256 K-word*4-b emitter-coupled-logic (ECL) RAM fabricated by means of 0.8- mu m BiCMOS technology is described. The memory has an address access time of 6.5 ns with active power dissipation of 800 mW at 80 MHz. The memory utilizes a 41- mu m/sup 2/ NMOS four-transistor memory cell, 2-row and 16-column redundancy, a wired-OR sense amplifier, and an improved ECL CMOS level converter to achieve 6.5-ns access time with an ECL 10 K interface. To improve yield for a high-density RAM, a flexible redundancy scheme is necessary. The 2-row and 16-column redundant array increases the number of usable devices at least fivefold compared with a previously reported scheme.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Radiosynthesis, <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> Evaluation of [<sup>18</sup>F]CBD-2115 as a First-in-Class Radiotracer for Imaging 4R-Tauopathies (2021)

CBD-2115 was selected from a library of 148 compounds based on a pyridinyl-indole scaffold as a first-in-class 4R-tau radiotracer. In vitro binding assays showed [<sup>3</sup>H]CBD-2115 had a <i>K</i><sub>D</sub> value of 6.9 nM and a nominal <i>B</i><sub>max</sub> of 500 nM in 4R-tau expressing P301L transgenic mouse tissue. In binding assays with human brain tissue homogenates, [<sup>3</sup>H]CBD-2115 has a higher affinity (4.9 nM) for progressive supranuclear palsy specific 4R-tau deposits than [<sup>3</sup>H]flortaucipir (45 nM) or [<sup>3</sup>H]MK-6240 (>50 nM). [<sup>18</sup>F]CBD-2115 was reliably synthesized (3-11% radiochemical yield with molar activity of 27-111 GBq/μmol and >97% radiochemical purity). Dynamic PET imaging was conducted in mice, rats, and nonhuman primates, and all species showed initial brain uptake of 0.5-0.65 standardized uptake value with fast clearance from normal tissues. [<sup>3</sup>H]CBD-2115 could be a useful lead radioligand for further research in 4R-tauopathies, and PET radiotracer development will focus on improving brain uptake and binding affinity.
Viscosity quantification using multi-contrast magnetic particle imaging (2018)

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a relatively new tomographic imaging technique using static and oscillatingmagnetic fields to image the spatial distribution ofmagnetic nanoparticles.The latter being the contrastMPI has been initially designed for. However, recently it has been shown thatMPIcan be extended to amulti-contrast method that allows one to simultaneously image the signals of differentMPI tracer materials. Additionally, it has been shown that changes in the particles environment, e.g. the viscosity have an impact on theMPI signal and can potentially be used for functional imaging. The purpose of the present work is twofold. First, we generalize theMPI imaging equation to describe different multi-contrast settings in a unified framework. This allows for amore precise interpretation and discussion of results obtained by single- andmulti-contrast reconstruction. Second,we propose and validate a method that allows one to determine the viscosity of a small sample from a dual-contrast reconstruction. To this end, we exploit a calibration curve mapping the sample viscosity onto the relative signalweights within the channels of the dual-contrast reconstruction. The latter allows us to experimentally determine the viscosity of the particle environment in the range of 1–51.8mPa swith a relative methodological error of less than 6%.
03 August 2015 Framework Agreement, Naga National Movement, and confused road ahead (2022)

On 3 August 2015, the Government of India signed a Framework Agreement, known as the Naga Peace Accord, with the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (Isaac-Muivah). This Accord aimed at restoring peace in the region and ending the more than seven-decade-old insurgency demanding sovereignty, self-determination and creation of Nagalim. The Naga Peace Talks, which continues and negotiations of the demands of these talks, which have reached a critical juncture with various stakeholders, are historical and date back to British Colonialism. This chapter revisits the Naga National Question and their struggle for Greater Nagalim and the ongoing Peace Talks. In so doing, it critically analyses the role and voices of the stakeholders involved directly or indirectly in the Naga National Movement.
Specification of Jaw Subdivisions by <i>Dlx</i> Genes (2002)

The success of vertebrates was due in part to the acquisition and modification of jaws. Jaws are principally derived from the branchial arches, embryonic structures that exhibit proximodistal polarity. To investigate the mechanisms that specify the identity of skeletal elements within the arches, we examined mice lacking expression of Dlx5 and Dlx6, linked homeobox genes expressed distally but not proximally within the arches. Dlx5/6-/- mutants exhibit a homeotic transformation of lower jaws to upper jaws. We suggest that nested Dlx expression in the arches patterns their proximodistal axes. Evolutionary acquisition and subsequent refinement of jaws may have been dependent on modification of Dlx expression.
Primary renal leiomyosarcoma with a tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava (2021)

This report highlights the importance of considering the possibility of renal leiomyosarcoma invasion to the inferior vena cava, similar to renal cell carcinoma.
Vertically self‐aligned conical carbon nanofibers by pulsed discharge plasma chemical vapour deposition and its field electron emission (2007)

Abstract Vertically self‐aligned conical carbon nanofibers were deposited on silicon coated with thin film of cobalt (100 nm) using pulsed discharge plasma chemical vapor deposition at 400–450 °C. Possible mechanism of their growth is discussed. FE‐SEM observations indicate that they are self vertically well aligned, with an average diameter of about 200 nm at the bottom and with a tip of about 70 to 100 nm in diameter. HR‐TEM, visible Raman and XRD study reveals that the nanofibers have an amorphous structure and are made of diamond like carbon. Field electron emission study indicates a low turn‐on field of about 1.4 V/μm and threshold field of about 4.2 V/μm, suggesting their possible application as field electron emitters. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Low-Latency Neural Speech Translation (2018)

Through the development of neural machine translation, the quality of machine translation systems has been improved significantly. By exploiting advancements in deep learning, systems are now able to better approximate the complex mapping from source sentences to target sentences. But with this ability, new challenges also arise. An example is the translation of partial sentences in low-latency speech translation. Since the model has only seen complete sentences in training, it will always try to generate a complete sentence, though the input may only be a partial sentence. We show that NMT systems can be adapted to scenarios where no task-specific training data is available. Furthermore, this is possible without losing performance on the original training data. We achieve this by creating artificial data and by using multi-task learning. After adaptation, we are able to reduce the number of corrections displayed during incremental output construction by 45%, without a decrease in translation quality.
The future of HCI education (2016)

HCI education reflects the continual evolution of HCI, embracing the changing landscapes of technology, infrastructure, and technology use. This forum aims to provide a platform for HCI educators, practitioners, researchers, and students to share their perspectives, reflections, and experiences related to HCI education. --- Sukeshini Grandhi, Editor
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Becker Muscular Dystrophy: Diagnostic Principles (2006)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and the milder phenotype, Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), are allelic X-linked disorders characterized by progressive, degenerative myopathy (1). About 95% of the DMD patients are diagnosed before the age of six, whereas BMD patients may show variable phenotypes with symptoms ranging from less severe DMD-like to very mild in patients who remain ambulant throughout their lives. The ﬁrst diagnostic test used in patients suspected of DMD is the measurement of serum creatine kinase (CK) levels. Markedly elevated serum CK activities are observed in both DMD and BMD patients (1). Muscle biopsies of these patients will then be examined (immuno)histochemically. In parallel with, or before immunological muscle analysis, genetic studies are used to conﬁrm the clinical diagnosis in the index patient and to further investigate their families for carrier status, and in prenatal diagnosis. In the majority of patients, one or more exons are deleted (60%) or duplicated (6%) (2-5). These rearrangements are patient-speciﬁc and unevenly distributed. In most of the remaining DMD patients, nonsense, frameshift, and frameshiftingSECTION II: DIAGNOSTIC CONSIDERATIONSsplice site mutations are found to be the causative mutations. For the detection of these small mutations, various DNA-based techniques and RNAbased methods, such as the protein truncation test (PTT), which uses mRNA isolated from lymphocytes, frozen muscle sections (preferably), or MyoD-differentiated ﬁbroblasts, are available (6,7). Additional reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) studies are also performed in case novel mutations are revealed and are predicted to affect splicing. The large size (approximately 2.4Mb) of the dystrophin gene and the high number of exons, 79, make a complete genetic analysis an arduous task.
Optimization of Filtered Rayleigh Scattering for the Measurement of Pressure and Temperature (2020)

The stand-off measurements of temperature and pressure are important for a variety of physical and engineering processes. Filtered Rayleigh scattering (FRS) configurations that enhance and suppress sensitivity to temperature are modeled and demonstrated using premixed, atmospheric methane-air Hencken burner generating temperatures up to 2100 K. For a characteristic flame gas mixture, modeling of the FRS signal using a molecular iodine filter shows that conditions exist for which the signal has a greater dynamic range or does not change significantly with respect to high gas temperatures. Laser Rayleigh scattering (LRS) measurements coupled with nonadiabatic flame simulations validate the temperatures, while FRS measurements are compared with the model predictions for different observation angles and iodine cell conditions. Results are discussed in the context of making direct measurements of gas pressure at high temperatures and within turbulent flames.
Characterization of the sialic acid synthase from Aliivibrio salmonicida suggests a novel pathway for bacterial synthesis of 7-O-acetylated sialic acids (2013)

Resolving the enzymatic pathways leading to sialic acids (Sias) in bacteria are vitally important for understanding their roles in pathogenesis and for subsequent development of tools to combat infections. A detailed characterization of the involved enzymes is also essential due to the highly applicable properties of Sias, i.e., as used in a wide range of medical applications and human nutrition. Bacterial strains that produce Sias display them mainly on their cell surface to mimic animal cells thereby evading the host's immune system. Despite several studies, little is known about the virulence mechanisms of the fish pathogen Aliivibrio salmonicida. The genome of A. salmonicida LFI1238 contains a gene cluster homologous to the Escherichia coli neuraminic acid (Neu) gene cluster involved in biosynthesis of Sias found in the E. coli capsule. This cluster is probably responsible for the biosynthesis of Neu found in A. salmonicida. In this work, we have produced and characterized the sialic acid (Sia) synthase NeuB1, the key enzyme in the pathway. The Sia synthase is an enzyme producing N-acetylneuraminic acid by the condensation of N-acetylmannosamine and phosphoenolpyruvate. Genome content, kinetic data obtained, together with structural considerations, have led us to the prediction that the substrate for NeuB1 from A. salmonicida, E. coli and Streptococcus agalactiae among others, is 4-O-acetyl-N-acetylmannosamine. This means that the product of its enzymatic reaction is 7-O-acetyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid. We propose a pathway for production of this Sia in A. salmonicida, and present evidence for the presence of diacetylated Neu in the bacterium.
Viability of coriander (<i>Coriandrum sativum</i>) seeds from <i>Protomyces macrosporus</i> infected plants to spread of stem gall of coriander (2016)

Protomyces macrosporus Unger, the incitant of stem gall of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) occur abundantly in northern part of India, pathogen remains restricted to the gall only. The resting spores of the pathogens develop internally in the mesophyll obscuring the host tissues. After the infection in the host plant, pathogen becomes systemic resulting in hypertrophy of infected portion. The role of fruit infection in seed viability and transmission of the fungus is inadequately known. Therefore, an assessment was made to know the spreads of pathogen and effect on viability of seeds, collected from different degree of infected plants part. The experiment was carried out during 2014–2015 in green house and laboratory conditions at Faizabad (Uttar Pradesh). The seeds sample were collected from uninfected stem, infected stem, infected stem + leaves, goose-neck infected plants and galled seed plants. The results of experiments showed that the seeds from healthy plants germinated upto 94.8%, followed by 80% in stem and goosed-neck infected plants, 70% in stem + leaves + neck infected plants, 60% in partially hypertrophied seed and 20% in galled seeds. The infection was found highest (85–90%) in hypertrophied seeds and partially hypertrophied seeds. The lowest seedling infection was observed in apparently healthy seeds (5–10%) in comparison to stem infected plant seeds (30–40%) and mixed infected plant seeds (40–49%).
The rocaglate CR-31-B (−) inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication at non-cytotoxic, low nanomolar concentrations in vitro and ex vivo (2021)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of COVID-19, a severe respiratory disease with varying clinical presentations and outcomes, and responsible for a major pandemic that started in early 2020. With no vaccines or effective antiviral treatments available, the quest for novel therapeutic solutions remains an urgent priority. Rocaglates, a class of plant-derived cyclopenta[b]benzofurans, exhibit broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multiple RNA viruses including coronaviruses. Specifically, rocaglates inhibit eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A)-dependent mRNA translation initiation, resulting in strongly reduced viral RNA translation. Here, we assessed the antiviral activity of the synthetic rocaglate CR-31-B (-) against SARS-CoV-2 using both in vitro and ex vivo cell culture models. In Vero E6 cells, CR-31-B (-) inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication with an EC<sub>50</sub> of ~1.8 nM. In primary human airway epithelial cells, CR-31-B (-) reduced viral titers to undetectable levels at a concentration of 100 nM. Reduced virus reproduction was accompanied by substantially reduced viral protein accumulation and replication/transcription complex formation. The data reveal a potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity by CR-31-B (-), corroborating previous results obtained for other coronaviruses and supporting the idea that rocaglates may be used in first-line antiviral intervention strategies against novel and emerging RNA virus outbreaks.
Tetrachlorophthalic anhydride (2002)

[117-08-8] C8Cl4O3 (MW 285.90) InChI = 1S/C8Cl4O3/c9-3-1-2(8(14)15-7(1)13)4(10)6(12)5(3)11 InChIKey = AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (amine protecting group,1 glycosidation directing group,1 Mitsunobu reaction with tetrachlorophthalimide analog28, 29) Alternate Name: TCPA, TETRATHAL®. Physical Data: mp 254–258°C. Form Supplied in: powder or flake; commercially available; may contain hexachlorobenzene. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: moisture sensitive; irritant. Handle with gloves in a fume hood.
FEC performance comparison for short frame sizes for NR: R1-1610314 (2016)

In this contribution, we analyze some of the results obtained for the short frame sizes where large differences exist between the different code families. These differences are beyond the gaps that can be observed due to unfair simulation conditions.
HUMAN PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN Ic-IIa IS AN ACTIVATION-INDEPENDENT FIBRONECTIN RECEPTOR (1987)

Human platelets express the membrane glycoprotein (GP) heterodimer GPIIb-IIIa, which functions as an activation-dependent fibronectin (Fn) receptor. We have immunopurified the components of an activation-independent Fn receptor (FR) from human platelets employing a well-characterized rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against the beta chain of the chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) FR (anti-band 3). This antibody crossreacts with antigen(s) expressed on both chicken thrombocytes and human platelets and inhibits the binding of both normal and thrombasthenic platelets (lacking GPIIb-IIIa) to Fn-coated surfaces in the absence of platelet activation. A monoclonal antibody directed against GPIIb-IIIa (AP2) partially inhibits the adhesion of normal platelets to Fn, but the combination of AP2 and anti-band 3 results in a level of inhibition greater than that obtained with either antibody alone. Thus, the presence of the FR alone is sufficient for the observed normal to enhanced binding of thrombasthenic platelets to Fn, whereas adhesion of normal platelets involves the synergistic action of the FR and GPIIb-IIIa. The adhesion of platelets to Fn mediated by the FR is inhibited by the tetrapeptide RGDS. Immunopurified FR appears to be a complex of two proteins: an alpha chain with an apparent molecular weight of 155/130 KD (nonreduced/reduced) and a beta chain with an apparent molecular weight of 125/147 KD. The alpha chain is composed of two subunits, dissociated by reduction, with electrophoretic mobilities identical to platelet glycoproteins previously designated lea and IcB. The beta chain comigrates with that platelet glycoprotein known as GPIIa. In an immunoblot assay, anti-band 3 binds to GPIIa but not to GPIc. The fact that anti-band 3 iramunoprecipitates both GP therefore suggests that they exist in a complex. Our findings establish GPIc-IIa as yet another platelet glycoprotein receptor complex and pave the way for future studies of the relative role of GPIIb-IIIa and GPIc-IIa in the adhesion of platelets to physiologic surfaces.