gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An affinity label for δ‐opioid receptors derived from [<scp>d</scp>‐Ala<sup>2</sup>]deltorphin I* (2004)

A series of potential affinity label derivatives of the amphibian opioid peptide [D-Ala2]deltorphin I were prepared by incorporation at the para position of Phe3 (in the 'message' sequence) or Phe5 (in the 'address' sequence) of an electrophilic group (i.e. isothiocyanate or bromoacetamide). The introduction of the electrophile was accomplished by incorporating Fmoc-Phe(p-NHAlloc) into the peptide, followed later in the synthesis by selective deprotection of the Alloc group and modification of the resulting amine. While para substitution decreased the delta-opioid receptor affinity, selected analogs retained nanomolar affinity for delta receptors. [D-Ala2,Phe(p-NCS)3]deltorphin I exhibited moderate affinity (IC50=83 nM) and high selectivity for delta receptors, while the corresponding amine and bromoacetamide derivatives showed pronounced decreases in delta-receptor affinity (80- and >1200-fold, respectively, compared with [D-Ala2]deltorphin I). In the 'address' sequence, the Phe(p-NH2)5 derivative showed the highest delta-receptor affinity (IC50=32 nM), while the Phe(p-NHCOCH2Br)5 and Phe(p-NCS)5 peptides displayed four- and tenfold lower delta-receptor affinities, respectively. [D-Ala2,Phe(p-NCS)3]deltorphin I exhibited wash-resistant inhibition of [3H][D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin (DPDPE) binding to delta receptors at a concentration of 80 nM. [D-Ala2, Phe(p-NCS)3]deltorphin I represents the first affinity label derivative of one of the potent and selective amphibian opioid peptides, and the first electrophilic affinity label derivative of an agonist containing the reactive functionality in the 'message' sequence of the peptide.
Anti-fibrotic Effects of CXCR4-Targeting i-body AD-114 in Preclinical Models of Pulmonary Fibrosis (2018)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic fibrotic lung disease that is prevalent in individuals >50 years of age, with a median survival of 3-5 years and limited therapeutic options. The disease is characterized by collagen deposition and remodeling of the lung parenchyma in a process that is thought to be driven by collagen-expressing immune and structural cells. The G-protein coupled C-X-C chemokine receptor 4, CXCR4, is a candidate therapeutic target for IPF owing to its role in the recruitment of CXCR4<sup>+</sup> fibrocytes from the bone marrow to fibrotic lung tissue and its increased expression levels by structural cells in fibrotic lung tissue. We have engineered a novel fully human single domain antibody "i-body" called AD-114 that binds with high affinity to human CXCR4. We demonstrate here that AD-114 inhibits invasive wound healing and collagen 1 secretion by human IPF fibroblasts but not non-diseased control lung fibroblasts. Furthermore, in a murine bleomycin model of pulmonary fibrosis, AD-114 reduced the accumulation of fibrocytes (CXCR4<sup>+</sup>/Col1<sup>+</sup>/CD45<sup>+</sup>) in fibrotic murine lungs and ameliorated the degree of lung injury. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that AD-114 holds promise as a new biological therapeutic for the treatment of IPF.
Magnetically Channeled IEC Trap Array Fusion Device for Interplanetary Missions (2009)

A radical new inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusion concept, the magnetically channeled IEC trap array (MCTA), is studied as a candidate power unit for interplanetary space travel. IEC fusion concepts are widely recognized to be attractive for space power because they are simple and lightweight. However, existing experimental IEC concepts, while very successful for low-level power neutron sources, do not project to high-power space applications because of poor confinement-time scaling and grid heating/losses. The MCTA concept addresses both issues: eliminating the need for a central grid by injecting energetic ions into this unique hybrid configuration and providing improved confinement by connecting a number of traps. Because of the linearly connected geometry and compatibility with an efficient traveling wave direct-energy converter, aneutronic fuels, such as D-3He, can be implemented. Thus, the MCTA concept has the potential to accomplish the demanding requirements of future deep-space propulsion and power by providing a high power-density propulsion system. This promise was amply demonstrated in an earlier, reasonably detailed design study by University of Illinois researchers that used an MCTA to accomplish a fast manned mission to Jupiter.In the present paper, we discuss the basic MCTA concept and examine stability issues that must be resolved to access the feasibility of this concept. Some important supporting data carry over from prior IEC experiments, but a full MCTA configuration has yet to be studied experimentally. If proven feasible, the MCTA development path would involve experiments at progressively higher powers aimed at the ultimate demonstration of a full-scale, several-hundred-MW propulsion unit.
Optical imaging of contrast response in functional domains in V1 and V2 of macaque visual cortex (2004)

Our recent optical imaging and single unit studies in visual cortex suggested a preferential involvement of V1 blobs and V2 thin stripes in real and illusory brightness response (Hung et al. Soc Neurosci 2002; cf. Hung et al Vision Res 2001). To further explore this possibility and to better relate full field brightness response to standard contrast sensitivity responses, we have measured contrast response of different functional domains in V1 and V2 with optical imaging and electrophysiological recording. Visual stimuli consisted of drifting horizontal and vertical luminance sine wave gratings with different spatial frequencies, ranging from 0.84 — 7.6 cyc/deg. Luminance contrast of the gratings was varied over four different levels (10%, 20%, 40%, 80%). Intrinsic signals were imaged from area V1 and V2 of anesthetized macaque monkeys. Average reflectance values from functional domains (orientation domains in V1 and V2, blobs in V1, and thin and thick/pale stripes in V2) were obtained and were also compared to single cell responses sampled from superficial layers of imaged domains. Results showed that, as expected, cortical reflectance values changed systematically with the contrast level of the stimulus: the greater the contrast, the greater the response. As measured by reflectance values, we find that, at low spatial frequencies and low contrast levels, V1 blobs have greater response than V1 interblobs. In comparison to V1 domains, V2 domains exhibit higher contrast gain and saturate at a low-mid contrast levels. V2 thin stripes also showed higher contrast gain than thick/pale stripes. These preliminary findings are consistent with the proposed role of V1 blobs and V2 thin stripes in processing of brightness information. NEI, Packard Foundation
A real-time experimental-analysis system for the undergraduate electric energy laboratory (2002)

This paper presents a system for visually analyzing the electromagnetic fields of electrical machines used in an undergraduate energy conversion laboratory. The system utilizes the finite element method as well as various modules to achieve a real-time effect of the electrical machines. The presented system is aimed at developing a tool that would help improve the student's understanding of electromagnetic field distribution and their use in calculating performance measures as well as operational concepts pertaining to the practical study of electrical machines. A description of the system's modules along with a comparison between experimental and proposed system results is shown.
Coherent stimulated light emission (lasing) in covalently linked chlorophyll dimers (1978)

The covalently linked chlorophyll a dimer exhibits remarkably different properties in the folded and open configurations. In the folded configuration the absorption maximum is at 695 nm and the fluorescence maximum is at 730 nm. Laser output at 733 and 735 nm is obtained for solutions in wet benzene and 0.1 M ethanol/toluene, respectively. Measurements of fluorescence lineshapes, made with a transverse excited atmospheric (TEA) nitrogen laser for excitation, show the lifetime shortening associated with stimulated emission resulting from appreciable concentrations of molecules in S(1) excited states. In contrast, the open dimer has absorption and fluorescence spectra essentially the same as those of chlorophyll a monomer. Unlike either the folded dimer or chlorophyll a monomer, the open dimer shows no laser emission or fluorescene lifetime shortening. It does not appear that the behavior of the open dimer can be explained in terms of excimer or triplet formation or by nonradiative decay processes. It is suggested that absorption of the exciting radiation by S(1), leading to the formation of an exciplex or charge transfer state, may be involved. Significantly, no large changes in fluorescence quantum yield or fluorescence lifetime are observed for these dimers as compared to monomer chlorophyll. This suggests that concentration quenching and lifetime shortening in condensed chlorophyll systems involve more than the simple proximity of two chlorophyll molecules.
Bovine Milk Glycome (2008)

Bovine milk oligosaccharides have several potentially important biological activities including the prevention of pathogen binding to the intestinal epithelial and as nutrients for beneficial bacteria. It has been suggested that milk oligosaccharides are an important source of complex carbohydrates as supplements for the food and the pharmaceutical industries. However, only a small number of structures of bovine milk oligosaccharides (bMO) are known. There have been no systematic studies on bMO. High-performance mass spectrometry and separation methods are used to evaluate bMO, and nearly 40 oligosaccharides are present in bovine milk. Bovine milk oligosaccharides are composed of shorter oligomeric chains than are those in human milk. They are significantly more anionic with nearly 70%, measured abundances, being sialylated. Additionally, bMO are built not only on the lactose core (as are nearly all human milk oligosaccharides), but also on lactose amines. Sialic acid residues include both N-acetyl and N-glycolylneuraminic acid, although the former is significantly more abundant.
Newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients treated with tandem auto‐allogeneic stem cell transplant have better overall survival with similar outcomes at time of relapse compared to patients who received autologous transplant only (2020)

Despite confirmation of better outcomes after upfront tandem transplant, our data do not support persistence of a strong, clinically significant graft-vs-myeloma effect after first progression, emphasizing the need to better characterize the GvM effect.
Planificación de atención en el laboratorio clínico del hospital IESS Portoviejo 2015 (2016)

El Laboratorio Clinico es un lugar en donde los profesionales y tecnicos especialistas en las diferentes ramas ya sea Microbiologia, Hematologia, Bioquimica Clinica ,Inmunologia entre otras realizan el analisis de muestras biologicas humanas para ayudar a contribuir con un diagnostico y prevencion de enfermedades, que junto con una valoracion medica adecuada brinda al paciente tratamientos efectivo, convirtiendose asi el Laboratorio Clinico en un departamentos de diagnosticos importante con los que cuentan los hospitales, clinicas y algunos centros de salud .
El Ministerio de Salud Publica (MSP) Con el fin de implementar un sistema de gestion de la calidad que garantice el funcionamiento de los Laboratorios Clinicos, mediante el acuerdo Ministerial No. 4202, publicado en el Registro Oficial No.14 de 28 de agosto de 1998, se expidio el Reglamento para el Funcionamiento de los Laboratorios de Diagnostico Clinico; estos departamentos que brindan servicios de salud estan sujetos al control y vigilancia sanitaria, requieren para su funcionamiento cumplir con estandares que aseguren la calidad y confiabilidad de los resultados , de los analisis clinicos que en ellos se realice. Los laboratorios de diagnostico clinico, estan sujetos a control sanitario y en consecuencia deben cumplir la normativa establecida en el Acuerdo Ministerial Nro.818, expedido el 19 de diciembre de 2008; se hace necesario actualizar el reglamento vigente incluyendo nuevas disposiciones en relacion con infraestructura, recursos humanos, equipamiento, calidad, bioseguridad y etica profesional, en los laboratorios de salud tanto publicos como privados , se resalta la necesidad de fortalecer el papel de las autoridades de salud, con una visualizacion integradora con avances tecnologicos y estandarizacion de procedimientos operativos y el fortalecimiento de programas de evaluacion de la calidad, la elaboracion de buenas practicas y de etica.
0.42-to-1.20V read assist circuit for SRAMs in CMOS 65nm (2013)

This work presents an ultra-low voltage SRAM read frequency boost circuit developed in 65nm to cover the lack of reliable sense amplifiers. This circuit enables full swing read speed-up and bitline leakage compensation from 1.2V to 0.42V. Embedded in a 65nm 32kb 10T SRAM, it offers 10% frequency gain and 10-to-90% leakage energy reduction from nominal to ultra-low voltage supply.
Origin of the universality of long-time thermal relaxations in hysteretic systems (2000)

It is demonstrated that asymptotic temporal behavior of thermal noise is responsible for the universality of long-time thermal relaxations in hysteretic systems. By using the Preisach hysteresis model and by assuming stationary Gaussian noise, the ln t intermediate asymptotics for the thermal relaxations is derived along with a simple expression for the viscosity coefficient in terms of temperature and differential susceptibility. Experimental data supporting these analytical results are presented.
Nanostructuring of Hybrid Silicas through a Self‐Recognition Process (2009)

The hydrolysis and condensation of a silylated derivative of ureidopyrimidinone led to nanostructured hybrid silica, such as that depicted, as clearly shown by powder XRD studies. The nanostructuring was directly related to molecular recognition through hydrogen bonding. By combining FTIR, solution and solid-state NMR spectroscopic data, the transcription of the hydrogen-bonding networks from the precursor to the final product was clearly evidenced.
Simulation Study of Scale Management During Hydraulic Fracturing in Unconventional Reservoirs (2019)

Abstract Geochemical scale formation and deposition in reservoir is a common problem in upstream oil and gas industry, which results in equipment corrosion, wellbore plugging, and production decline. In unconventional reservoirs, the negative effect of scale formation becomes more pronounced as it can severely damage the conductivity of hydraulic fractures. Hence, it is necessary to predict the effect of scale deposition on fracture conductivity and production performance. In this work, an integrated reactive-transport simulator is utilized to model geochemical reactions along with transport equations in conventional and unconventional reservoirs considering the damage to the fracture and formation matrix. Hence, a compositional reservoir simulator (UTCOMP), which is integrated with IPhreeqc, is utilized to predict geochemical scale formation in formation matrix and hydraulic fractures. IPhreeqc offers extensive capabilities for modeling geochemical reactions including local thermodynamic equilibrium and kinetics. Based on the amount of scale formation, porosity, permeability, and fracture aperture are modified to determine the production loss. The results suggested that interaction of the formation water/brine and injection water/hydraulic fracturing fluid is the primary cause for scale formation. The physicochemical properties such as pressure, temperature, and pH are the secondary cause affecting scale formation in the reservoir. During hydraulic fracturing, precipitation of barite and dissolution of calcite are identified to be the main reactions, which occur as a result of interaction between the formation brine, formation mineral composition, and injection water/hydraulic fracturing fluid. Calcite dissolution can increase the matrix porosity and permeability while barite precipitation has an opposite effect. Therefore, the overall effect and final results depend on several parameters such as HFF composition, HFF injection rate, and formation mineral/brine. Based on the fracturing fluid composition and its invasion depth in this study, the effect of barite precipitation was dominant with negative impact on cumulative gas production. The outcome of this study is a comprehensive tool for prediction of scale deposition in the reservoir which can help operators to select optimum fracturing fluid and operating conditions.
&lt;title&gt;Mesh refinement for finite-element field computations in electron optics&lt;/title&gt; (1997)

This paper presents a structured mesh refinement technique for the finite element method in electron optics. The technique is based upon using equipotential and flux lines on a trial potential distribution to generate the refinement mesh. For rotationally symmetric electron lenses, the method provides greater continuity of the axial field distribution derivatives than other mesh refinement techniques. For three dimensional electrostatic structures, the results show that the structured mesh refinement method can be used to improve the accuracy of field computations at points close to curved metal boundaries.
Point-to-point free-space quantum cryptography over 1/2 km (1999)

Summary form only given. We have demonstrated a point-to-point single photon quantum cryptographic key distribution over a free-space optical path of /spl sim/475 m (>1,000 times farther than any reported point-to-point demonstration, and >6 times the previous daylight transmission distance), under both daylight and nighttime conditions. Within the next few months, we expect to extend the daylight range to 2 km. A brief description of the system is given here.
Supplementary Figure Legend from ErbB3 Inhibitory Surrobodies Inhibit Tumor Cell Proliferation &lt;i&gt;In Vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;In Vivo&lt;/i&gt; (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 7KB.&lt;/p&gt;
Enforcing of Mechanical Properties of Alumina Foams (2017)

This chapter examines compression strength enhancement through residual stresses caused by a different coefficient of thermal expansion. The sintering shrinkage and thermal expansion coefficient where determined by the analysis of bending bars which were produced by slip casting. Due to high sintering temperatures, the alumina foam may suffer from grain growth and decreasing of mechanical properties is expected. MgO was not used as sintering additive for alumina due to fact that it causes grain growth of the mullite, promotes the formation of additional unwanted phases and could change the coefficient of thermal expansion. The increase of the mechanical strength and the behaviour of the different pore size caused by two effects. The intended reason is the formation of a mullite layer on the outside of the alumina struts. The increase of more than 170% in compression strength shows the big influence of the induced residual stress. The increase in mechanical strength realized by coating of sintered alumina foams by silica Stober particles from a TEOS solution. This silica reacts during a second sintering step with the alumina to mullite, which induces residual stresses on the surface of the struts.
A generic task ontology for scheduling applications (2001)

An ontology can be seen as a reference model to describe the entities which exist in an universe of discourse and their properties. These entities may be individuals, classes, relationships, and functions. In sum anything that may be useful to describe specific models. In this paper we present a generic task ontology for scheduling problems. The ontology is generic in the sense that it is both domain and application independent. We refer to it as a ‘task ontology’ to emphasise that it describes the class of scheduling tasks, independently of the various ways by which these tasks can be solved. The proposed task ontology has been successfully validated to measure its knowledge capturing capability. Our aim is to move beyond current brittle approaches to system development to provide firm theoretical and engineering foundations to various classes of knowledge-based applications. Keyword: Intelligent Scheduling, Ontologies, Knowledge Modelling, Knowledge Acquisition, Reuse.
Extraordinary effect of aluminum substitution on the upper critical field of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ba</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>Y<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cu</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>7</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1989)

A 10% substitution of Al on the Cu(1) (chain) site of single crystals of ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$Y${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ drives the material to the edge of the orthorhombic-tetragonal transition and strongly decreases the resistivity and upper critical field, compared to the unsubstituted parent compound, but has little effect on ${T}_{c}$. The coherence length in the \^a-$\stackrel{\mathrm{^}}{\mathrm{b}}$ plane increases twofold, while the coherence length along the \ifmmode \hat{c}\else \^{c}\fi{} axis is unchanged. These results can be reconciled with the conventional relationships between superconducting and normal-state properties only if a twofold change in the Fermi-surface area is postulated.
Scale invariance properties of the peak of the width function in topologically random networks (1998)

Some scaling properties of the topological width function for an infinite population of networks obeying the random model are analyzed. A Monte Carlo procedure is applied to generate width functions according to the hypothesis of topological randomness. The probability distributions of both peak and distance to peak of the topological width functions, conditioned (1) on the network diameter λ and (2) on λ and parameter β=[log (2μ − l)]/log λ, are studied. The parameter β can be considered a shape factor of the network; indeed, low β values describe elongated networks, while high β values refer to fan‐like networks. Scale invariance for both random variables is established in the first case by using λ as a scale parameter. Also in the second case, scale invariance is observed for both the peak and the distance to peak of the topological width function; in particular, the invariance property for the peak involves a scaling function which is directly related to the shape factor β, allowing determination of the statistical similarity between random networks indexed by the same β. Then, a coarse‐graining procedure is applied to a set of 15,000 width functions with λ=512; a scaling behavior of peaks of the original width function and aggregated ones is observed over a wide range of aggregation scales. Consequently, a statistical self‐similarity for the peaks is also observed, which involved the same β‐related scaling function. Finally, possible implication of the present results on the hydrologic response, at the basin scale, is discussed.
UniTesK: Model based testing in industrial practice (2003)

Abstract. The article presents UniTesK technology, an automated model based test construction method for use in industrial testing of general-purpose software. The approach presented includes automatic generation of test oracles from software contracts, coverage driven test sequence generation, test artifacts reuse. This work stems from the ISP RAS results of academic research and 10-years experience in industrial application of formal testing techniques [1].