gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression and replication of virus-like circular DNA in human cells (2018)

The consumption of bovine milk and meat is considered a risk factor for colon- and breast cancer formation, and milk consumption has also been implicated in an increased risk for developing Multiple Sclerosis (MS). A number of highly related virus-like DNAs have been recently isolated from bovine milk and sera and from a brain sample of a MS patient. As a genetic activity of these Acinetobacter-related bovine milk and meat factors (BMMFs) is unknown in eukaryotes, we analyzed their expression and replication potential in human HEK293TT cells. While all analyzed BMMFs show transcriptional activity, the MS brain isolate MSBI1.176, sharing homology with a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy-associated DNA molecule, is transcribed at highest levels. We show expression of a replication-associated protein (Rep), which is highly conserved among all BMMFs, and serological tests indicate a human anti-Rep immune response. While the cow milk isolate CMI1.252 is replication-competent in HEK293TT cells, replication of MSBI1.176 is complemented by CMI1.252, pointing at an interplay during the establishment of persistence in human cells. Transcriptome profiling upon BMMF expression identified host cellular gene expression changes related to cell cycle progression and cell viability control, indicating potential pathways for a pathogenic involvement of BMMFs.
<i>In Situ</i> Probing Potassium-Ion Intercalation-Induced Amorphization in Crystalline Iron Phosphate Cathode Materials (2021)

Na-ion and K-ion batteries are promising alternatives for large-scale energy storage due to their abundance and low cost. Intercalation of these large ions could cause irreversible structural deformation and partial to complete amorphization in the crystalline electrodes. A lack of understanding of the dynamic changes in the amorphous nanostructure during battery operation is the bottleneck for further developments. Here, we report the utilization of in-<i>operando</i> digital image correlation and XRD techniques to probe dynamic changes in the amorphous phase of iron phosphate during potassium ion intercalation. In-<i>operando</i> XRD demonstrates amorphization in the electrode's nanostructure during the first charge and discharge cycle. Additionally, <i>ex situ</i> HR-TEM further confirms the amorphization after potassium-ion intercalation. An <i>in situ</i> strain analysis detects reversible deformations associated with redox reactions in the amorphous phases. Our approach offers new insights into the mechanism of ion intercalation in the amorphous nanostructure which are highly potent for the development of next-generation batteries.
Árangur af gerviliðaaðgerðum á hnjám, framkvæmdum á Fjórðungssjúkrahúsinu á Akureyri 1983-2003 (2005)

Tilgangur: Slitgigt er vaxandi vandamal i hinum vestraena heimi og kostnaður heilbrigðiskerfisins og samfelagsins vegna hennar farið vaxandi a undanfornum arum. Sjuklingar með slitgigt þurfa oft a gerviliðaaðgerðum að halda og þvi er mikilvaegt að gera ser grein fyrir hversu vel tekst til með aðgerðirnar. Tilgangur þessarar rannsoknar er að kanna hver arangur af gerviliðaaðgerðum a hnjam hefur verið a Fjorðungssjukrahusinu a Akureyri a timabilinu 1983-2003, með aherslu a tiðni enduraðgerða, sýkinga og fylgikvilla. Efniviður og aðferðir: Upplýsingar voru fengnar ur sjukraskram þeirra sem gengust undir gerviliðaaðgerð a hne a timabilinu 1983-2003. Skraðar voru personuupplýsingar sjuklinga og helstu upplýsingar um aðgerð, legu og utskrift. Eins var farið að með enduraðgerðir sem sjuklingar gengust undir. CRR (cumulative revision rate) var reiknað ut fyrir sjuklinga sem hofðu gengist undir gerviliðaaðgerð vegna slitgigtar i hne. Tolfraeðilegar upplýsingar voru unnar i Microsoft® Excel®. Beitt var Kaplan Mayer aðferðarfraeði við utreikninga a CRR og var það gert i SPSS® 11,5. Niðurstoður: 560 frumaðgerðir voru gerðar a timabilinu, 515 með heilliðum og 45 með halfliðum. 200 aðgerðir voru gerðar a korlum og var meðalaldur þeirra 70,8 ar. 360 aðgerðir voru gerðar a konum og meðalaldur þeirra var 69,4 ar. Enduraðgerðir a halfliðum voru 12 a timabilinu og a heilliðum 28. Enduraðgerðartiðni var haest a PCA halfliðnum eða rumlega 50% af ollum þeim PCA liðum sem settir hofðu verið inn. Cumulative revision rate (CRR) a AGC heilArangur af gerviliðaaðgerðum a hnjam, framkvaemdum a Fjorðungssjukrahusinu a Akureyri 1983-2003
Biological Influence and Clinical Applications of the Unique Flower Shape of ZnO–ZnS@SA Superhydrophobic Composite Films Grown on Nanorods (2023)

Surgical devices inevitably come into contact with blood, bacteria, high temperatures, high humidity, and acidic, basic, and salt environments during use, which can have a significant impact on the device and the operator, so their protection becomes necessary. In this manuscript, novel, highly robust, and superhydrophobic Ni-doped ZnO–ZnS@stearic acid (SA) composite films with extreme repellency to various solid and liquid contaminants, excellent bactericidal performance, and extremely low blood adhesion were fabricated by a simple one-step hydrothermal method. Additionally, the synergistic effect of the in situ generated hierarchical micro/nanocomposite structures on the Zn substrate surface and SA also endowed the film with excellent mechanical and chemical stability, such as ultra-low adhesion, perfect wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and good durability. Notably, the superhydrophobic composite films could be turned into a superhydrophilic film by simple heat treatment. Further, it could revert to its superhydrophobic state by remodification of stearic acid. This unique structure and low surface energy SA modification were found to be the primary reasons for the excellent protection and versatility of galvanized surgical devices in various extreme environments.
Structure analysis of a combined main-chain/side-group liquid crystalline polymer by electron microscopy (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure analysis of a combined main-chain/side-group liquid crystalline polymer by electron microscopyI. G. Voigt-Martin, H. Durst, B. Reck, and H. RingsdorfCite this: Macromolecules 1988, 21, 6, 1620–1626Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00184a016Request reuse permissionsArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (5 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Delayed treatment of Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor SM-20220 reduces infarct size in both transient and permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. (1999)

SM-20220 (N-(aminoiminomethyl)-1-methyl-1H-indole-2-carboxamide methanesulfonate) is a Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) inhibitor which has been shown to attenuate cerebral edema in the rat transient focal ischemia model. However, to date, the effect of SM-20220 on cerebral infarction has not been examined. The present experiments were designed to investigate these effects, using both transient and permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion models in rats. A dose of 1 mg/kg given intravenously 30 min after the onset of transient MCA occlusion reduced the infarcted area. In the permanent MCA occlusion model, SM-20220 reduced the infarcted area when treatment was delayed for 5, 30 or 60 min after the onset of ischemia. The present results show that NHE has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain damage. This NHE inhibitor may be useful for treating stroke because of its effectiveness with both forms of ischemia and because of its postischemic administration.
Enhanced Refractive Index Sensitivity through Combining a Sol–Gel Adsorbate with a TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanoimprinted Metasurface for Gas Sensing (2021)

We combine a gas-adsorbent microporous hybrid silica layer and a dense TiO2 Mie resonator array (metasurface), both obtained by sol–gel deposition and nanoimprint lithography, to form nanocomposite systems with high sensitivity for refractive index (RI) variations induced by gas adsorption. Using optical transduction based on direct specular reflection, we show spectral shifts of 4470 nm/RIU corresponding to 0.2 nm/ppm gas (air concentration) and reflection intensity changes of R* = 17 (R/RIU) and 0.55 × 10–3 R/ppm (air concentration). The metasurface is composed of hexagonally arranged TiO2 nanopillar arrays, whereas the surrounding sensitive material is a class II microporous hybrid silica, containing methyl and phenyl covalently bonded organic functions. This hybrid layer shows efficient adsorption capability of volatile organic molecules such as isopropanol, which is used to induce slight variations of RI around the TiO2 antennas. Specular reflectance variations at 45° incidence and refractive index measurements are performed using a spectroscopic ellipsometer. The presence of the titania metasurface enhances the signal by almost an order of magnitude with respect to the 2D counterpart (simulated as an effective medium approximation) and is attributed to the antenna effect, enhancing the interaction of the confined electromagnetic wave with the sensitive microporous medium. This sol–gel nanocomposite system presents many advantages such as high throughput and low-cost elaboration of elements and a high chemical, mechanical, and thermal resistance, ensuring high stability as a potential gas-sensitive nanocomposite layer for long periods. This work is a case study of improving the sensitivity of sol–gel gas-sensitive materials in optical transduction, which will be exploited in further works to develop artificial noses.
Accurate determination of transparency current in packaged semiconductor lasers and semiconductor optical amplifiers (1994)

The reliability of semiconductor laser diodes and related devices is a significant issue for their deployment in many applications, creating demand for device diagnostics applicable to packaged devices. Measurements of the transparency current density (J{sub 0}) in laser diodes and traveling-wave semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) can provide such a diagnostic. It is essential, however, to measure J{sub 0} on packaged devices, so that they can be characterized after aging or degradation. This precludes techniques requiring data from multiple devices (e.g., an ensemble with different lengths). J{sub 0} is conventionally measured using a junction-voltage technique, in which an input optical signal induces a change in carrier density in the active region due to stimulated absorption or emission. The result is a voltage drop across the diode. At material transparency, the stimulated absorption is exactly balanced by the stimulated emission and the voltage drop goes to zero. Since the polarity of the voltage drop changes sign at current densities above J{sub 0}, the optical input beam is typically modulated and lock-in amplification is employed to sensitively detect the polarity sign flip. Here we show that this technique is not reliable for certain types of laser structures, because the deduced J{sub 0} is strongly dependent on device packaging -- that is, the measured J{sub 0} varies with the manner in which light is coupled into the diode waveguide. For packaged SOAs, we propose and demonstrate an alternative all-optical technique to overcome this problem. One important advantage of the optical method over the junction voltage method is that the actual device optically-guided mode is directly sampled. In the case of packaged semiconductor lasers, our all-optical method can complement the junction-voltage method to resolve device versus packaging degradation.
Euzebyella algicola sp. nov., a marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae, isolated from green algae (2018)

A Gram-negative, yellow-pigmented, non-flagellated, gliding, rod-shaped and aerobic bacterium, designated MEBiC 12267<sup>T</sup>, was isolated from green algae of Jeju Island. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the strain MEBiC 12267<sup>T</sup> was affiliated to the genus Euzebyella of the family Flavobacteriaceae and showed the highest similarity to Euzebyella marina KCTC 42440<sup>T</sup> (98.5 %). The DNA-DNA relatedness value of strain MEBiC 12267<sup>T</sup> with E. marina KCTC 42440<sup>T</sup> was 25 %. Growth was observed at 10-37 °C (optimum, 30-33 °C), at pH 6.0-9.5 (optimum, 8.0-8.5) and with 0.5-9.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2.5-3.5 %). The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The major respiratory quinone was MK-6. Polar lipids included phosphatidylethanolamine, seven unidentified lipids and two unidentified aminolipids. The DNA G+C content was 40.7 mol%. On the basis of the data from the polyphasic taxonomic study, it was concluded that the strain MEBiC 12267<sup>T</sup> represents a novel species within the genus Euzebyella, for which the name Euzebyella algicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of E. algicola is MEBiC 12267<sup>T</sup> (=KCCM 43264<sup>T</sup>=JCM 32170<sup>T</sup>).
&lt;title&gt;Facet influence on wavelength tunability and linewidth-chirp under high bit rate modulation in InGaAs/InAlGaAs quantum well (QW) DFB lasers&lt;/title&gt; (1994)

We report on the unexpected large influence of facet properties on wavelength shift and wavelength chirp in uncoated and coated distributed feedback (DFB) lasers. A detailed comparison is performed between various experimental laser data (spectra, electronic and thermal wavelength tunability, relative intensity noise, linewidth) and the results of transfer matrix model calculations. From experimental data of different lasers, a set of physical DFB laser parameters was determined. We succeeded in describing all the experimental data of different lasers by the same parameter set. By use of this set we found that the wavelength chirp and the wavelength shift due to electronic effects including spatial hole burning varies considerably for different end facet phases and facet coatings, but otherwise identical DFB lasers.
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Υ</mml:mi></mml:math>cross section in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:math>collisions at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>200</mml:mn><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mi>GeV</mml:mi></mml:math> (2010)

We report on a measurement of the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(1\mathrm{S}+2\mathrm{S}+3\mathrm{S})\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ cross section at midrapidity in $p+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$. We find the cross section to be $114\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}38(\mathrm{stat}+\mathrm{\text{fit}}{)}_{\ensuremath{-}24}^{+23}(\mathrm{syst})\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{pb}$. Perturbative QCD calculations at next-to-leading order in the color evaporation model are in agreement with our measurement, while calculations in the color singlet model underestimate it by $2\ensuremath{\sigma}$. Our result is consistent with the trend seen in world data as a function of the center-of-mass energy of the collision and extends the availability of $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}$ data to RHIC energies. The dielectron continuum in the invariant-mass range near the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}$ is also studied to obtain a combined yield of ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ pairs from the sum of the Drell-Yan process and $b\mathrm{\text{\ensuremath{-}}}\overline{b}$ production.
Americium/Curium Disposition Life Cycle Planning Study (1998)

At the request of the Department of Energy Savannah River Office (DOE- SR), Westinghouse Savannah River Company (WSRC) evaluated concepts to complete disposition of Americium and Curium (Am/Cm) bearing materials currently located at the Savannah River Site (SRS).
Phase-matching Condition of Terahertz Generation in CdTe with Near-infrared Pulse Excitation (2005)

The enhancement and spectral change of terahertz wave generation were observed under the phase-matching condition of 1mm-thick &lt;110&gt; CdTe wafer and NIR laser pulse excitation. For terahertz generation and tuning, the phase-matching condition is important.
Paradigm shift of underwater echo sounding technology I—Principle and algorithm (2016)

Underwater echo sounding technology was developed 65 years ago and has been applied in various systems such as fishfinder, bathymetry, sonar, side scanning sonar, multi beam echo sounding system, and synthetic aperture sonar. Here, we proudly suggest a new concept that may change the history of underwater echo sounding technology, the “Paradigm Shift.” In the conventional system, the transmitting signal is transmitted after receiving the target signal, e.g., a bottom echo. Therefore, the transmission intervals are always longer than the time of the round trip distance to the target divided by the underwater sound velocity. On the other hand, by adapting our new “Paradigm Shift” into the system, the transmission intervals can be decided without depending on a target and it will be possible to conduct a bathymetry survey that transmits 100 times per second. The system was tested and confirmed in the actual sea trial. This new concept, the “Paradigm-Shift-Echosounder” ( PSE ), utilizes the 7th order and 127 kinds of Gold code sequence signals. Different code of Gold code signals will be transmitted in each transmission, and receiving signals will be identified by the correlation of the 127 kinds of Gold code sequences of different transmission signals.
Effects of Moderate Weight Loss and Orlistat on Insulin Resistance, Regional Adiposity, and Fatty Acids in Type 2 Diabetes (2004)

At equivalent weight loss, conjunctive use of orlistat resulted in greater improvement in FFA levels and IS.
Structure of halofullerenes using experimental and theoretical approaches (2005)

MICROSYMPOSIA C19
THE INFLUENCE OF PHENOLS AND OTHER COMPOUNDS ON CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (COD) OF PHENOLIC WATERS FROM THE KIVITER PROCESS (2007)

The contribution of chemical oxygen demand of phenols and other oxidizable compounds to chemical oxygen demand of phenol waters at co-processing of shale oils of the Kiviter process and oil fractions of the Galoter process has been investigated.
Ultra-High Temperature Sensors Based on Optical Property Modulation and Vibration-Tolerant Interferometry (2006)

The goals of the Year 2006 Continuation Phase 2 three months period (April 1 to Sept. 30) of this project were to (a) conduct a probe elements industrial environment feasibility study and (b) fabricate embedded optical phase or microstructured SiC chips for individual gas species sensing. Specifically, SiC chips for temperature and pressure probe industrial applications were batch fabricated. Next, these chips were subject to a quality test for use in the probe sensor. A batch of the best chips for probe design were selected and subject to further tests that included sensor performance based on corrosive chemical exposure, power plant soot exposure, light polarization variations, and extreme temperature soaking. Experimental data were investigated in detail to analyze these mentioned industrial parameters relevant to a power plant. Probe design was provided to overcome mechanical vibrations. All these goals have been achieved and are described in detail in the report. The other main focus of the reported work is to modify the SiC chip by fabricating an embedded optical phase or microstructures within the chip to enable gas species sensing under high temperature and pressure. This has been done in the Kar UCF Lab. using a laser-based system whose design and operation is explained. Experimental data from the embedded optical phase-based chip for changing temperatures is provided and shown to be isolated from gas pressure and species. These design and experimentation results are summarized to give positive conclusions on the proposed high temperature high pressure gas species detection optical sensor technology.
Drag Reducing Polymers in Multi-phase Flow Pipelines: Energy-Saving and Future Directives (2023)

Abstract Frictional pressure drop has been grasping the attention of many industrial applications associated with multi-phase and academia. Alongside the United Nations, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development calls for the exigency of giving attention to economic growth, a considerable reduction in power consumption is necessary to co-up with this vision and to adhere to energy-efficient practices. Thereinto, drag-reducing polymers (DRPs), which do not require additional infrastructure, are a much better option for increasing energy efficiency in a series of critical industrial applications. Therefore, this study evaluates the effects of two DRPs―polar water-soluble polyacrylamide (DRP-WS) and nonpolar oil-soluble polyisobutylene (DRP-OS)―on energy efficiency for single-phase water and oil flows, two-phase air-water and air-oil flows, and three-phase air-oil-water flow. The experiments were conducted using two different pipelines; horizontal polyvinyl chloride with an inner diameter of 22.5 mm and horizontal stainless steel with a 10.16 mm internal diameter. The energy-efficiency metrics are performed by investigating the head loss, percentage saving in energy consumption (both per unit pipe length), and throughput improvement percentage (%TI). Irrespective of flow types and variation in liquid and air flow rates, experiments conducted for both DRPs in larger pipe diameter were found to reduce head loss and increase saving in energy consumption and throughput improvement percentage. In particular, DRP-WS is found to be more promising as an energy saver and the consequent savings in the infrastructure cost. Hence, equivalent experiments of DRP-WS in two-phase air-water flow using a smaller pipe diameter show that the head loss drastically increases. However, the percentage saving in power consumption and throughput improvement percentage is significantly compared with that found in the larger pipe. Thus, this study found that DRPs can improve energy efficiency in various industrial applications, with polar water-soluble polyacrylamide being particularly promising as an energy saver. However, the effectiveness of these polymers may vary depending on the flow type and pipe diameter.
Sub-80-fs timing jitter of a stabilized SESAM modelocked VECSEL (2012)

We present timing jitter measurements of an actively stabilized SESAM modelocked VECSEL generating 4-ps pulses with 2-GHz repetition rate and 20-mW average output power. The repetition rate was phase-locked to a reference source using a piezo actuator. The timing phase noise power spectral density of the laser output was measured with an Agilent E5052B Signal Source Analyzer. The resulting rms timing jitter integrated over an offset frequency range from 1 Hz to 1 MHz gives a timing jitter of below 80 fs, several times lower than previous modelocked VECSELs and comparable to the noise performance of ion-doped solid-state-lasers.