gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesizing interpretable strategies for solving puzzle games (2017)

Understanding how players interact with games is an important challenge for designers. When playing games centered around problem solving, such as logic puzzles like Sudoku or Nonograms, people employ a rich structure of domain-specific knowledge and strategies that are not obvious from the description of a game's rules. This paper explores automatic discovery of player-oriented knowledge and strategies, with the goal of enabling applications ranging from difficulty estimation to puzzle generation to game progression analysis. Using the popular puzzle game Nonograms as our target domain, we present a new system for learning human-interpretable rules for solving these puzzles. The system uses program synthesis, powered by an SMT solver, as the primary learning mechanism. The learned rules are represented as programs in a domain-specific language for condition-action rules. Given game mechanics and a training set of small Nonograms puzzles, our system is able to learn sound, concise rules that generalize to a test set of large real-world puzzles. We show that the learned rules outperform documented strategies for Nonograms drawn from tutorials and guides, both in terms of coverage and quality.
MIMO capacities and outage probabilities in spatially multiplexed optical transport systems (2011)

With wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) rapidly nearing its scalability limits, space-division multiplexing (SDM) seems the only option to further scale the capacity of optical transport networks. In order for SDM systems to continue the WDM trend of reducing energy and cost per bit with system capacity, integration will be key to SDM. Since integration is likely to introduce non-negligible crosstalk between multiple parallel transmission paths, multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) signal processing techniques will have to be used. In this paper, we discuss MIMO capacities in optical SDM systems, including related outage considerations which are an important part in the design of such systems. In order to achieve the low-outage standards required for optical transport networks, SDM transponders should be capable of individually addressing, and preferably MIMO processing all modes supported by the optical SDM waveguide. We then discuss the effect of distributed optical noise in MIMO SDM systems and focus on the impact of mode-dependent loss (MDL) on system capacity and system outage. Through extensive numerical simulations, we extract scaling rules for mode-average and mode-dependent loss and show that MIMO SDM systems composed of up to 128 segments and supporting up to 128 modes can tolerate up to 1 dB of per-segment MDL at 90% of the system's full capacity at an outage probability of 10(-4).
Syntheses of polysiloxane‐supported zirconocene catalysts and application to ethene polymerization (1997)

Abstract Polysiloxanes with bisindenyl, bisfluorenyl, and bis(1,2,3,4‐tetramethyl)cyclopentadienyl side groups were synthesized by condensation of the corresponding dichlorosilane compounds and water to obtain supported ziroconocene catalysts. The polymerization of ethene was conducted over these catalysts combined with methylalumoxane. The polymerization activity depends markedly upon the substituents and decreases in the order: bisindenyl ≫ bisfluorenyl ≫ bis(1,2,3,4‐tetramethylcyclopentadienyl). All the supported catalysts give linear polyethene with fairly high molecular weights. The catalyst with bisindenyl groups was found to be composed of a toluene‐soluble and a toluene‐insoluble fraction. The polymerization profile (activity versus time curve) was analyzed with the toluene‐soluble and ‐insoluble fraction as well as the corresponding homogeneous system. The homogeneous system, which exerts the highest activity in the initial phase, was completely deactivated after several hours whereas the activity of the supported catalyst, especially of the toluene‐insoluble fraction, was unchanged during 12 h even at 70°C. Polysiloxanes with different content of bisindenyl groups were also synthesized via the co‐condensation with dimethyldichlorosilane and applied as the carrier. However, the activity per Zr atom decreases remarkably with an increase in dimethylsilane units.
Water Interactions in Zeolite Catalysts and Their Hydrophobically Modified Analogues (2015)

Renewed interest in zeolite catalyst performance in the presence of variable amounts of water has prompted solid-state NMR experiments designed to identify the nature of water interaction with and within conventional and chemically modified H-ZSM-5 zeolites. Recent work has demonstrated that water can positively influence reaction rates in zeolite-catalyzed chemistries, and new interest in catalytic processing of molecules derived from biomass requires understanding the fate of water in and on zeolite catalysts, as a function of water loading. The contribution of acid site density to water adsorption within zeolites is assessed by comparing bulk uptake and molecular experiments at varying Si:Al ratios, and interpreting those results in the context of solid-state NMR results that reveal strongly adsorbed water molecules and water clusters. In situ magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR experiments for water loadings ranging from ca. 4 to 500 water molecules per zeolite unit cell indicate the following: (1) the dominant interaction is from water adsorbed from the vapor phase at an interior acid site, and unique signals for both the water and acid site are resolved at low loadings; (2) the exchanged-averaged water/acid site chemical shift at higher loadings can be used to measure acid site titration by water; and (3) silane-treated hydrophobically modified H-ZSM-5 does not allow liquid-phase water to access interior acid sites. The in situ 1H MAS NMR method indicates that as-synthesized acidic zeolites can be rendered hydrophobic in the presence of liquid-phase water, with only a minimal reduction in the total number of acid sites.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Cyclic AMP Suppression Is Sufficient to Induce Gliomagenesis in a Mouse Model of Neurofibromatosis-1 (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Cyclic AMP Suppression Is Sufficient to Induce Gliomagenesis in a Mouse Model of Neurofibromatosis-1
Low Temperature Sintering and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Ba&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;Nd&lt;sub&gt;9.33&lt;/sub&gt;Ti&lt;sub&gt;18&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;54&lt;/sub&gt; Ceramics Doped with Crystallizable Glass (2011)

The effect of CaO-B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 glass on the densification, microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of Ba 4 Nd 9.33 Ti 18 O 54 ceramics was investigated in this work. It was found that the addition of a few amount of glass (≤2%) could effectively decrease the sintering temperature owing to the viscous sintering. However, locally porous structures were formed when overmuch glass was added because of enwrapped air bubbles and rapid grain growth. In addition, the amount of remaining glass after sintering could be decreased due to the re-crystallization of CaO-B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 glass. Sol-gel derived Ba 4 Nd 9.33 Ti 18 O 54 ceramics containing 2 wt% glass can be well densified at 950°C and exhibit good microwave dielectric properties of ε r =68 and Q×f=7400 GHz.
A 31-Feature, 80nW, 0.53mm<sup>2</sup> Audio Analog Feature Extractor based on Time-Mode Analog Filterbank Interpolation and Time-Mode Analog Rectification (2022)

To alleviate the feature extraction bottleneck in always-on, on-device Keyword Spotting (KWS), we propose two novel analog circuit techniques that are combined into an efficient analog feature extraction architecture: 1) Time-Mode Analog Filterbank Interpolation (TM-AFI) uses digital XOR gates to double the number of outputs of an analog filterbank, 2) Time-Mode Analog Rectification (TM-AR) uses a single digital XOR gate as an analog full-wave rectifier. Among other analog feature extractor chips using a software classifier for a KWS demo, the 31-feature, 80nW, 0.53mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> prototype is 18× more power-efficient and 3.3× more area-efficient than the most area- and power-efficient published works, respectively, while maintaining competitive >90% accuracy on 10 keywords.
Linking mass media campaigns to pictorial warning labels on cigarette packages: a cross-sectional study to evaluate effects among Mexican smokers (2012)

Consistent with other studies, adult smokers' exposure to new pictorial HWLs in Mexico was associated with psychosocial and behavioural responses related to quit behaviour. Exposure to the complementary media campaign was associated with independent additive effects on campaign-related knowledge, and it enhanced psychosocial responses to pictorial HWLs.
The Contour Method: a New Approach to Finding Modes of Nonadiabatic Stellar Pulsations (2020)

Abstract The contour method is a new approach to calculating the nonadiabatic pulsation frequencies of stars. These frequencies can be found by solving for the complex roots of a characteristic equation constructed from the linear nonadiabatic stellar pulsation equations. A complex-root solver requires an initial trial frequency for each nonadiabatic root. A standard method for obtaining initial trial frequencies is to use a star’s adiabatic pulsation frequencies, but this method can fail to converge to nonadiabatic roots, especially as the growth and/or damping rate of the pulsations becomes large. The contour method provides an alternative way to obtain initial trial frequencies that robustly converges to nonadiabatic roots, even for stellar models with extremely nonadiabatic pulsations and thus high growth/damping rates. We describe the contour method implemented in the gyre stellar pulsation code and use it to calculate the nonadiabatic pulsation frequencies of and β Cephei star models, and of a extreme helium star model.
Fragmentverknüpfungen in der Totalsynthese – Bildung von C‐C‐Bindungen über intermediäre Carbanionen oder freie Radikale (2019)

Abstract Fragmentverknüpfungen unter Bildung von C‐C‐Bindungen sind nützlich für die Syntheseplanung. Die Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der metallkatalysierten Kreuzkupplungen Anfang der 2000er Jahre sorgten für eine hohe Planbarkeit und Zuverlässigkeit bei C‐C‐Verknüpfungen zwischen ungesättigten Synthesebausteinen. In den vergangenen Jahren stieg hingegen das Interesse an Fragmentverknüpfungen, die über carbanionische oder offenschalige (radikalische) Zwischenstufen verlaufen. Radikalische Fragmentverknüpfungen wurden vor allem durch die Weiterentwickelung von Methoden zur Herstellung und Verwendung von Kohlenstoffradikalen unter milden Bedingungen vorangebracht. In diesem Aufsatz geben wir einen Überblick über ausgewählte neue Synthesen, in denen auf Carbanionen oder Radikalen basierende Fragmentverknüpfungen zur Bildung von C‐C‐Bindungen genutzt wurden. Unser Ziel ist, den strategischen Nutzen dieser Bindungsbrüche in ihren jeweiligen Anordnungen hervorzuheben und aus jedem Beispiel breiter anwendbare Lehren zu ziehen, die für Studierende aufschlussreich sein könnten.
Towards Fair Event Dissemination (2007)

Event dissemination in large scale dynamic systems is typically claimed to be best achieved using decentralized peer-to-peer architectures. The rationale is to have every participant in the system act both as a client (information consumer) and as a server (information dissemination enabler), thus, precluding specific brokers which would prevent scalability and fault-tolerance. We argue that, for such decentralized architectures to be really meaningful, participants should serve the system as much as they benefit from it. That is, the system should be fair in the sense that the extend to which a participant acts as a server should depend on the extend to which it has the opportunity to act as a client. This is particularly crucial in selective information dissemination schemes where clients are not all interested in the same information. In this position paper, we discuss what a notion of fairness could look like, explain why current architectures are not fair, and raise several challenges towards achieving fairness.
Mechanical behaviour of contractile gels based on light-driven molecular motors (2019)

The networking of individual artificial molecular motors into collective actuation systems is a promising approach for the design of active materials working out of thermodynamic equilibrium. Here, we report the first mechanical studies on active polymer gels built by integrating light-driven rotary molecular motors as reticulation units in polymer networks. We correlate the volume ratio before and after light irradiation with the change of the elastic modulus, and we reveal the universal maximum mechanical efficiency of such gels related to their critical overlap concentration before chemical reticulation. We also show the major importance of heterogeneities in the macroscopic contraction process and we confirm that these materials can increase their internal energy by the motorized winding of their polymer chains.
Ocular Manifestations of Inherited Phospholipase-Cγ2–Associated Antibody Deficiency and Immune Dysregulation (2016)

Ocular PLAID is a bilateral chronic or recurrent inflammatory disease of the ocular surface leading to severe and early cicatricial ocular surface and corneal involvement because of high IL-1 production. Management of PLAID may require both topical and systemic immunomodulatory treatments, potentially including targeted local anti-IL-1 therapy.
Electrokinetically Enhanced In Situ Soil Decontamination (2018)

Electrokinetically enhanced transport of contaminants is perhaps one of the most promising in situ decontamination processes capable of removing heavy metals and organic contaminants from soils, sludges, and lagoons. The significance of the technology appears to be in its projected low operation cost and its potential applicability to a wide range of contamination types. Electroosmotic flow could be induced and sustained in most soil types. One of the important aspects of electrokinetics in soil-water systems is the transient migration of an acid front from the anode site to the cathode site during treatment. When electrolysis of water takes place, hydrogen is produced at the cathode and oxygen is produced at the anode. Electrokinetics have been used for dewatering of soils and sludges since the first recorded use in the field by Casagrande. Electroosmosis produces a rapid flow of water in low permeability soils and probably contributes significantly to the decontamination process in clay soils by advection.
Polystannanes—Synthesis and Properties (2011)

Polystannanes were prepared from H2SnR2 with the catalyst [RhCl(PPh3)3], or by reaction of Cl2SnR2 with Na in liquid ammonia. The polymers showed a characteristic peak in 119Sn NMR and UV-vis spectra, and a yellow color. Using common techniques, the polymers could be processed into films and oriented, the latter leading to a dichroism. The polystannanes are sensitive to light, more pronounced for R = alkyl than for R = aryl. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT Keywords: Organometallic polymersSn‒Sn bonds 119Sn NMR spectroscopy Acknowledgments We thank Sara Formera, Susanne Käser, Daniel Schmid, Pascal Wolfer, Aitor Moreno, Heinz Rüegger, Jens W. Andreasen, Dag W. Breiby, Raffaele Mezzenga, Martin M. Nielsen, Marie-Luise Lechner, and Frank Uhlig for stimulating discussions and experimental support.
Development of a modeling toolbox for CORC cable performance evaluation (2023)

One critical, yet currently unknown aspect in the development process of CORC® cables is how current sharing around defects impact the overall performance of a cable design. Within the scope of this project, a simulation framework has been developed that is specialized on the quenching behavior and temperature rise around cable defects.
A theoretical study on the effect of surface roughness on mass transport and transformation in biofilms (2000)

This modeling study evaluates the influence of biofilm geometrical characteristics on substrate mass transfer and conversion rates. A spatially two-dimensional model was used to compute laminar fluid flow, substrate mass transport, and conversion in irregularly shaped biofilms. The flow velocity above the biofilm surface was varied over 3 orders of magnitude. Numerical results show that increased biofilm roughness does not necessarily lead to an enhancement of either conversion rates or external mass transfer. The average mass transfer coefficient and Sherwood numbers were found to decrease almost linearly with biofilm area enlargement in the flow regime tested. The influence of flow, biofilm geometry and biofilm activity on external mass transfer could be quantified by Sh-Re correlations. The effect of biofilm surface roughness was incorporated in this correlation via area enlargement. Conversion rates could be best correlated to biofilm compactness. The more compact the biofilm, the higher the global conversion rate of substrate. Although an increase of bulk fluid velocity showed a large effect on mass transfer coefficients, the global substrate conversion rate per carrier area was less affected. If only diffusion occurs in pores and channels, then rough biofilms behave as if they were compact but having less biomass activity. In spite of the fact that the real biofilm area is increased due to roughness, the effective mass transfer area is actually decreased because only biofilm peaks receive substrate. This can be explained by the fact that in the absence of normal convection in the biofilm valleys, the substrate gradients are still largely perpendicular to the carrier. Even in the cases where convective transport dominates the external mass transfer process, roughness could lead to decreased conversion rates. The results of this study clearly indicate that only evaluation of overall conversion rates or mass fluxes can describe the correct biofilm conversion, whereas interpretation of local concentration or flow measurements as such might easily lead to erroneous conclusions.
MODBASE, a database of annotated comparative protein structure models and associated resources (2008)

MODBASE (http://salilab.org/modbase) is a database of annotated comparative protein structure models. The models are calculated by MODPIPE, an automated modeling pipeline that relies primarily on MODELLER for fold assignment, sequence-structure alignment, model building and model assessment (http:/salilab.org/modeller). MODBASE currently contains 5,152,695 reliable models for domains in 1,593,209 unique protein sequences; only models based on statistically significant alignments and/or models assessed to have the correct fold are included. MODBASE also allows users to calculate comparative models on demand, through an interface to the MODWEB modeling server (http://salilab.org/modweb). Other resources integrated with MODBASE include databases of multiple protein structure alignments (DBAli), structurally defined ligand binding sites (LIGBASE), predicted ligand binding sites (AnnoLyze), structurally defined binary domain interfaces (PIBASE) and annotated single nucleotide polymorphisms and somatic mutations found in human proteins (LS-SNP, LS-Mut). MODBASE models are also available through the Protein Model Portal (http://www.proteinmodelportal.org/).
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Catalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation Using the Environmentally Benign Oxidant Hydrogen Peroxide and Its Derivatives (2011)

Abstract Review: 142 refs.
EFFECTS OF MORNING VERSUS EVENING ADMINISTRATION OF AMLODIPINE ON AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS (2004)

Hermida, R C; Calvo, C; Ayala, D E; Dominguez, M J; Covelo, M; Mojon, A; Fernandez, J R; Lopez, J E Author Information
Enabling technologies for unmanned protection systems (2005)

Unmanned vehicles perform critical mission functions. Today, fielded unmanned vehicles have restricted operations as a single asset controlled by a single operator. In the future, however, it is envisioned that multiple unmanned air, ground, surface and underwater vehicles will be deployed in an integrated unmanned (and "manned") team fashion in order to more effectively execute complex mission scenarios. To successfully facilitate this transition from single platforms to an integrated unmanned system concept, it is essential to first develop the required base technologies for multi-vehicle mission requirements, as well as test and evaluate such technologies in tightly controlled field experiments. Under such conditions, advances in unmanned technologies and associated system configurations can be empirically evaluated and quantitatively measured against relevant performance metrics. A series of field experiments will be conducted for unmanned force protection system applications. A basic teaming scenario is: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) detect a target of interest on the ground; the UAVs cue unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) to the area; the UGVs provide on-ground evaluation and assessment; and the team of UAVs and UGVs execute the appropriate level of response. This paper details the scenarios and the technology enablers for experimentation using unmanned protection systems.
The human secretome – the proteins secreted from human cells (2018)

Abstract The proteins secreted by human tissues (the secretome) are important for the basic understanding of human biology, but also for identification of potential targets for future diagnosis and therapy. Here, we present an annotation of all predicted secreted proteins (n=2,623) with information about their spatial distribution in the human body. A high-throughput mammalian cell factory was established to create a resource of recombinant full-length proteins. This resource was used for phenotypic assays involving β-cell dedifferentiation and for development of targeted proteomics assays. A comparison between host cells, including omics analysis, shows that many of the proteins that failed to be generated in CHO cells could be rescued in human HEK293 cells. In conclusion, the human secretome has been mapped and characterized to facilitate further exploration of the human secretome.
An evidence-based review of obatoclax mesylate in the treatment of hematological malignancies (2013)

Obatoclax mesylate is an intravenously-administered drug under investigation in Phase I and II clinical trials as a novel anticancer therapeutic for hematological malignancies and solid tumors. Obatoclax was developed as a pan-inhibitor of antiapoptotic members of the B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia/lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) family of proteins, which control the intrinsic or mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Resistance to apoptosis through dysregulation of BCL-2 family members is commonly observed in hematological malignancies, and can be linked to therapeutic resistance and poor clinical outcomes. By inhibiting pro-survival BCL-2 family proteins, including MCL-1, obatoclax is proposed to (1) trigger cell death as a single agent, and (2) potentiate the anticancer effects of other therapeutics. Preclinical investigations have supported these proposals and have provided evidence suggestive of a promising therapeutic index for this drug. Phase I trials of obatoclax mesylate in leukemia and lymphoma have defined well-tolerated regimens and have identified transient neurotoxicity as the most common adverse effect of this drug. In these studies, a limited number of objective responses were observed, along with hematological improvement in a larger proportion of treated patients. Published Phase II evaluations in lymphoma and myelofibrosis, however, have not reported robust single-agent activity. Emerging evidence from ongoing preclinical and clinical investigations suggests that the full potential of obatoclax mesylate as a novel anticancer agent may be realized (1) in rational combination treatments, and (2) when guided by molecular predictors of therapeutic response. By understanding the molecular underpinnings of obatoclax response, along with optimal therapeutic regimens and indications, the potential of obatoclax mesylate for the treatment of hematological malignancies may be further clarified.