gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single- and multiple-pulse Nd:YAG laser damage of ZnSe optics (1998)

The laser damage facility at DLR, Institut fuer Technische Physik, is based on the small-spot technique for 1/1 or S/1 investigations according to the ISO standards 11254-1.2 and 11254-2, respectively. A primary task is to measure out-of-band LIDTs of optical components used in the IR spectral range. The laser source is a pulsed, 10 Hz repetition frequency Nd:YAG laser providing a Gaussian intensity distribution on the sample. In this work, coated and uncoated samples of ZnSe were exposed to 1.06 micrometers radiation, and single and multiple pulse damage thresholds were measured. Time-resolved laser damage assessment based on scatter probe techniques was used to monitor the temporal development of the damage under multipulse irradiation. Up to a certain fluence limit above the multipulse threshold, a slight but stable surface modification irradiation. Up to a certain fluence limit above the multipulse threshold, a slight but stable surface modification was found. When raising the fluence above this value, severe damage occurred. The damage morphology was revealed with the help of microscopic techniques like Nomarski DIC and scanning force microscopy.
High-throughput identification of small molecules that affect human embryonic vascular development (2017)

Birth defects, which are in part caused by exposure to environmental chemicals and pharmaceutical drugs, affect 1 in every 33 babies born in the United States each year. The current standard to screen drugs that affect embryonic development is based on prenatal animal testing; however, this approach yields low-throughput and limited mechanistic information regarding the biological pathways and potential adverse consequences in humans. To develop a screening platform for molecules that affect human embryonic development based on endothelial cells (ECs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells, we differentiated human pluripotent stem cells into embryonic ECs and induced their maturation under arterial flow conditions. These cells were then used to screen compounds that specifically affect embryonic vasculature. Using this platform, we have identified two compounds that have higher inhibitory effect in embryonic than postnatal ECs. One of them was fluphenazine (an antipsychotic), which inhibits calmodulin kinase II. The other compound was pyrrolopyrimidine (an antiinflammatory agent), which inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), decreases EC viability, induces an inflammatory response, and disrupts preformed vascular networks. The vascular effect of the pyrrolopyrimidine was further validated in prenatal vs. adult mouse ECs and in embryonic and adult zebrafish. We developed a platform based on human pluripotent stem cell-derived ECs for drug screening, which may open new avenues of research for the study and modulation of embryonic vasculature.
Wrist ligament injuries: value of post-arthrography computed (2001)

Objective: To evaluate the use of post-arthrography high-reso- lution computed tomography in wrist ligament injuries. Design and patients: Thirty-six con- secutive patients who had a history and clinical findings suggestive of ligamentous injuries of the wrist were prospectively studied. The findings of three-compartment ar- thrography and post-arthrography computed tomography (arthro-CT) were compared with those of ar- throscopy. The evaluation concen- trates on the detection and precise localization of ligament lesions in the triangular fibrocartilage (TFC), the scapholunate ligament (SLL) and the lunotriquetral ligament (LTL). Results: For TFC, SLL and LTL le- sions, standard arthrography re- sponded with a sensitivity and speci- ficity of 85% and 100%, 85% and 100%, 80% and 100% respectively, while arthro-CT showed a sensitivity and specificity of 85% and 100%, 100% and 100%, 80% and 100% re- spectively. The precise localization of the lesions was possible only with arthro-CT. Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of standard arthrography and arthro-CT are similar, although the latter shows the site of tears or perforation with greater precision, while conventional arthrography demonstrates them indirectly. This precision is essential and may have clinical implications for the success of treatment procedures.
The role of mechano-electric feedbacks and hemodynamic coupling in scar-related ventricular tachycardia (2022)

Mechano-electric feedbacks (MEFs), which model how mechanical stimuli are transduced into electrical signals, have received sparse investigation by considering electromechanical simulations in simplified scenarios. In this paper, we study the effects of different MEFs modeling choices for myocardial deformation and nonselective stretch-activated channels (SACs) in the monodomain equation. We perform numerical simulations during ventricular tachycardia (VT) by employing a biophysically detailed and anatomically accurate 3D electromechanical model for the left ventricle (LV) coupled with a 0D closed-loop model of the cardiocirculatory system. We model the electromechanical substrate responsible for scar-related VT with a distribution of infarct and peri-infarct zones. Our mathematical framework takes into account the hemodynamic effects of VT due to myocardial impairment and allows for the classification of their hemodynamic nature, which can be either stable or unstable. By combining electrophysiological, mechanical and hemodynamic models, we observe that all MEFs may alter the propagation of the transmembrane potential. In particular, we notice that the presence of myocardial deformation in the monodomain equation may change the VT basis cycle length and the conduction velocity but do not affect the hemodynamic nature of the VT. Finally, nonselective SACs may affect VT stability, by possibly turning a hemodynamically stable VT into a hemodynamically unstable one.
Supplementary Figure 2A-C from A MicroRNA Screen to Identify Modulators of Sensitivity to BCL2 Inhibitor ABT-263 (Navitoclax) (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2A-C from A MicroRNA Screen to Identify Modulators of Sensitivity to BCL2 Inhibitor ABT-263 (Navitoclax)
<scp>CsrA</scp> activates <scp><i>flhDC</i></scp> expression by protecting <scp><i>flhDC</i></scp> m<scp>RNA</scp> from <scp>RN</scp>ase <scp>E</scp>‐mediated cleavage (2013)

Csr is a conserved global regulatory system that controls expression of several hundred Escherichia coli genes. CsrA protein represses translation of numerous genes by binding to mRNA and inhibiting ribosome access. CsrA also activates gene expression, although an activation mechanism has not been reported. CsrA activates flhDC expression, encoding the master regulator of flagellum biosynthesis and chemotaxis, by stabilizing the mRNA. Computer modelling, gel mobility shift and footprint analyses identified two CsrA binding sites extending from positions 1-12 (BS1) and 44-55 (BS2) of the 198 nt flhDC leader transcript. flhD'-'lacZ expression was reduced by mutations in csrA and/or the CsrA binding sites. The position of BS1 suggested that bound CsrA might inhibit 5' end-dependent RNase E cleavage of flhDC mRNA. Consistent with this hypothesis, CsrA protected flhDC leader RNA from RNase E cleavage in vitro and protection depended on BS1 and BS2. Primer extension studies identified flhDC decay intermediates in vivo that correspond to in vitro RNase E cleavage sites. Deletion of these RNase E cleavage sites resulted in increased flhD'-'lacZ expression. Data from mRNA decay studies and quantitative primer extension assays support a model in which bound CsrA activates flhDC expression by inhibiting the 5' end-dependent RNase E cleavage pathway.
ENDOR Determination of Heme Ligation in Chloroperoxidase and Comparison with Cytochrome P-450Cam (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTENDOR Determination of Heme Ligation in Chloroperoxidase and Comparison with Cytochrome P-450CamYang-Cheng Fann, Nancy C. Gerber, Pawel A. Osmulski, Lowell P. Hager, Stephen G. Sligar, and Brian M. HoffmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 13, 5989–5990Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00092a068https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00092a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views146Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Low-V&lt;inf&gt;t&lt;/inf&gt; small-offset gated preamplifier for sub-1V gigabit DRAM arrays (2009)

A sensing scheme with temporary activation of a low-V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</inf> gated preamplifier (LGA) achieves fast sensing, fast local I/O driving and low-leakage operation simultaneously even for low-voltage mid-point sensing. The features are verified with a 70nm 128Mb DRAM core that demonstrates 16.4ns row access (t <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RCD</inf> ) and 14.3ns read access (t <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AA</inf> ) at an array voltage of 0.9V. The LGA is promising for future sub-1V gigabit DRAMs because it reduces variation in threshold voltage (V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</inf> ) of MOSFETs and in the offset voltage of sense amplifiers.
B-MYB Is Essential for Normal Cell Cycle Progression and Chromosomal Stability of Embryonic Stem Cells (2008)

Appropriate B-Myb expression is critical to the maintenance of chromosomally stable and pluripotent ES cells, but its absence promotes chromosomal instability that results in either aneuploidy or differentiation-associated cell death.
Comparative study of bending characteristics of ionic polymer actuators containing ionic liquids for modeling actuation (2011)

Ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) that can operate in air have recently been developed by incorporating an ionic liquid in ionic polymers. To understand transduction in these composites, it is important to determine the role of the ionic liquid in the ionic polymer (Nafion®), to identify the counter cation, and to investigate the interaction of IPMCs with water vapor in the air. We used Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to analyze three Nafion® membranes, which were soaked in mixtures of water and an ionic liquid (1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMIBF4), 1-buthyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIBF4), and 1-buthyl-3-methyl-imidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIPF6)). The results demonstrate that only cations (EMI+ and BMI+) in the ionic liquids are taken into the Nafion® membranes as counter ions and that the water content of the membranes in air is less than ∼4% that of Nafion® swollen with water. Based on the experimental results, a transduction model is proposed for an IPMC with an ionic liquid. In this model, bending is caused by local swelling due to the volume effect of the bulky counter cations. This model can explain 30–50% of the experimentally observed bending curvature.
Abstract 4986: APG101 inhibits CD95-Ligand induced invasion of glioblastoma in 3D-models <i>in vitro</i> and <i>ex vivo</i> (2014)

Abstract CD95 (APO-1/Fas) is a receptor that belongs to the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Super Family (TNFRSF). Originally discovered as a death receptor inducing apoptosis upon binding to its ligand CD178 (CD95L/FasL), recent research indicates that CD95 also mediates non-apoptotic functions (e.g. liver regeneration, neuronal development, inflammation and cellular migration/invasion of tumor cells) depending on the cellular context. The potential impact on multiple cellular processes classifies the CD95 pathway as an attractive target for pharmacological interference. Apogenix developed APG101, a recombinant human fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of CD95 and the Fc-domain of an IgG antibody for the treatment of glioblastoma, a malignancy characterized by aggressive and invasive growth. Preclinical development activities to elucidate the mode of action of APG101 included the comparison of 3-dimensional in vitro and ex vivo models employing U87-MG and U373-MG cells on murine organotypic brain tissue cultures. Expression of CD95L and CD95 in these cells was reduced by semi-stable transfection of shRNA vectors to assess contribution of the CD95/CD95L system to invasion and proliferation of glioma cell lines and the anti-invasive effect of APG101 treatment. While knockdown of CD95 leads to death of U373-MG cells, we observed significant reduction of proliferation rates in U87-MG cells. The effect of CD95L knockdown on proliferation was only minor in U87-MG and was absent in U373-MG cells. Consistently, we found that treatment of glioma cells with APG101 had no effect on proliferation rates or cell cycle regulation of either cell line. The main effect of CD95L knockdown was a strongly reduced invasiveness of both cell lines in vitro and ex vivo. Invasiveness could be restored by exogenous addition of recombinant CD95L, and this induced invasion was inhibited in the presence of APG101. In contrast, a CD95L binding defective CD95-Fc mutant APG122 did not have an anti-invasive effect in our experimental models. We conclude that: Results obtained from the in vitro and ex vivo assay models reflect each other and are suitable to study the role of CD95 signaling in tumor cell invasion activation of CD95 on glioma cells by CD95L contributes to invasive spread of tumor cells to the surrounding brain tissue, and Apogenix drug APG101 is able to block the pro-invasive activity of CD95L. Based on these observations, an important mode of action for APG101 is inhibition of CD95 ligand induced invasion of glioma cells. Citation Format: Christian Merz, Alexander Strecker, Jaromir Sykora, Oliver Hill, Gieffers Christian, Harald Fricke, Peter Angel, Heike Peterziel. APG101 inhibits CD95-Ligand induced invasion of glioblastoma in 3D-models in vitro and ex vivo. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4986. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4986
Influence of layer transfer and thermal annealing on the properties of InAs-On-Insulator films (2020)

InAs-On-Insulator (InAs-OI) structures fabricated by the Smart Cut process are promising for three-dimensional (3D) integration of complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor devices owing to the low thermal budget, high mobility, and low contact resistance. InAs-OI structures are also expected to reduce the leakage current and parallel conduction channels in InAs n-channel MOSFETs, which are serious problems. Smart Cut is a promising way to integrate III–V semiconductors on Si substrates for 3D integration. However, the electrical characterization of InAs-OI films realized by Smart Cut has not been reported yet. In addition, since InAs-OI’s crystallinity is severely degraded by passage of a large amount of H+ ions in the Smart Cut process, we need to study the effects of thermal annealing on the electrical properties of the InAs-OI layers. It is found from the annealing temperature dependence of the electron concentration and the mobility that annealing at 500 °C significantly recovers InAs-OI crystallinity. Here, bulk and interface electrical properties are separately evaluated from the InAs-OI thickness dependence on the electron concentration and the sheet conductance. As a result, fabricated InAs-OI has the electron density of (6.3 ± 1.4) × 1017 cm−3 in the bulk region for an intrinsic donor InAs wafer and the high bulk mobility of 5800 ± 900 cm2/V s, indicating the high crystallinity of InAs-OI after 500 °C annealing. Also, the reusability of donor InAs wafers without degradation of InAs-OI film quality, which is one of the most important points for Smart Cut, is demonstrated by using (111) InAs donor wafers, attributed to much smoother (111) InAs-OI surfaces after splitting than (100) InAs-OI ones.
Three-Dimensionally Printed Microfluidic Cross-flow System for Ultrafiltration/Nanofiltration Membrane Performance Testing (2016)

Three-dimensionally Printed Microfluidic Cross-flow System For Ultrafiltration/nanofiltration Membrane Performance Testing - Video. JoVE publishes peer-reviewed scientific video protocols to accelerate biological, medical, chemical and physical research. Watch our scientific video articles. JoVE is the world-leading producer and provider of science videos with the mission to improve scientific research, scientific journals, and education. Millions of scientists, educators and students at thousands of universities, colleges, hospitals and biopharmaceutical companies worldwide use JoVE for their research, teaching and learning.
Das Dissoziationsgleichgewicht CdO<sub>(s)</sub>=Cd<sub>(g)</sub> + 0,5O<sub>2(g)</sub> (1963)

Abstract Dampfdruckmessungen mit der Mitführungsmethode an dem System CdO (s) /O 2(g) /Ar (g) bzw. CdO (s) /C 2(g) H 2 O (g) werden durch die Dissoziation des CdO (s) nach der Gleichung CdO (s) = Cd (g) + 0,5 O 2 (g) ausgewertet. Eine Reaktion unter Bildung eines gasförmigen Hydroxids, häufig in Systemen Oxid/Wasser beobachtet 1 ), etwa nach der Gleichung CdO (s) + H 2 O (g) → Cd(OH) 2(g) , war nicht festzustellen. Als einzige in der Gasphase vorkommende Cd‐Spezies wurde Cd (g) ermittelt. Für die freie Reaktionsenthalpie Δ G wurde erhalten; Δ(cal/mol) = 87240 – 49,95 · T für 1242 &lt; T Fü[°K] &lt; 1379.
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocargoes for combined cancer thermotherapy and MRI applications (2016)

Nanoparticle-based cancer diagnosis-therapy integrative systems (cancer theranostics) represent an emerging approach in oncology. To address this issue in the present work iron oxide (γ-Fe2O3-maghemite) nanoparticles (IONPs) were encapsulated within the matrix of (bis(p-sulfonatophenyl)phenylphosphine)-methoxypolyethylene glycol-thiol (mPEG) polymer vesicles using a two-step process for active chemotherapeutic cargo loading in cancer theranostics. This formation method gives simple access to highly reactive surface groups present on IONPs together with good control over the vesicle size (50-100 nm). The simultaneous loading of a chemotherapeutic drug cargo (doxorubicin) and its in vitro release in cancer cells was achieved. The feasibility of controlled drug release under different pH conditions was demonstrated in the case of encapsulated doxorubicin molecules, showing the viability of the concept of stimulated drug delivery for magneto-chemotherapy. These polymer-magnetic nanocargoes (PMNCs) exhibit enhanced contrast properties that open potential applications for magnetic resonance imaging. These self-assembled magnetic polymersomes can be used as efficient multifunctional nanocarriers for combined therapy and imaging.
Immobilization of α‐chymotrypsin on poly(methyl methacrylate‐<i>co</i>‐acrylic acid) core‐shell latex (1985)

Abstract Core‐shell latex of poly(methyl methacrylate‐ co ‐acrylic acid) with surface containing functional carboxylic acids, was prepared by seed polymerization and characterized. α‐Chymotrypsin was immobilized on the surface of these latex particles by chemical bonding in aqueous medium, using a water soluble carbodiimide as coupling agent. The latex particles size before and after the attachment of the enzyme was determined using photon correlation spectroscopy. The activities of free and immobilized enzyme were studied as a function of temperature, reusability and pH. The activity for the immobilized enzyme was highest at a pH slightly higher than the optimum pH of free enzyme, which could be explained due to the polyanionic matrix as well as due to the variation in the size of latex at higher pH, which provided more mobility to the enzyme, and thus a higher activity.
Solid Particle Erosion Resistance and High Strain Rate Deformation Behavior of Inconel-625 Alloy (1997)

The room temperature erosion behavior and high strain rate deformation behavior of wrought Inconel-625 alloy was evaluated.To determine erosion resistance, the steady state erosion rate was measured.Microhardness tests were performed after the erosion tests and significant plastic deformation was observed in the vicinity of the eroded surfaces.To investigate the effect of mechanical properties on erosion resistance, compression tests were conducted at high strain rates (1700-9000s~') that are comparable to strain rates during erosion.High strain rate compression tests were also conducted at elevated temperatures (4OOOC and 6OOOC) to observe the combined effect of strain rate and temperature on mechanical properties.Microhardness at the eroded surfaces and high strain rate toughness were correlated to the erosion resistance.The relationships between toughness, high strain rate mechanical properties, and erosion resistance are discussed.The erosion resistance of Inconel-625 is compared with erosion resistance of other Ni and Fe-based alloys.
EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF A POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE‐COATED TEXTILE BY MONITORING BOTH BACTERIAL GROWTH (ISO 20743/2005 STANDARD) AND VIABILITY (LIVE/DEAD BACLIGHT KIT) (2011)

ABSTRACT Antimicrobial textiles (65% cotton – 35% polyester) were functionalized using a patented technology that combines an antimicrobial molecule – polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) and a precipitating agent – sodium laurylsulphate. Surface characterization was performed by x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, and both techniques made clear signatures of PHMB at the top surface of treated textiles. Washing led to a strong decrease of PHMB concentration at the surface. Comparison of textile surface analysis and antimicrobial tests indicated that the amount of PHMB at its extreme surface of textiles after five or 10 industrial washings was sufficient to inhibit Listeria innocua but not Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth. The viability of L. innocua cells after contact with PHMB‐treated textile after one industrial washing was estimated using the Live/Dead BacLight kit (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR): the combination of epifluorescence microscopy observations coupled with classic enumeration allowed detection of the presence of viable but nonculturable cells. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Protective clothing is required in the food‐processing industry to protect products from being contaminated by microorganisms carried by workers' clothes or filtration systems. Consequently, there is an increasing interest in the use of antimicrobial functionalized textiles in the food industry to avoid that textiles could be vectors for pathogenic or food spoilage microorganisms. In the present study, the correlation between PHMB (the antimicrobial agent) at the surface of textiles (monitored by surface analysis characterization methods) and their antibacterial activity was assessed. After contact with antimicrobial textiles, the enumeration of bacteria was performed either by plate counting or by direct observation by epifluorescence microscopy in the presence of fluorescent viability markers in order to determine whether viable but nonculturable bacterial cells were present.