gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cast heat-resistant austenitic steel with improved temperature creep properties and balanced alloying element additions and methodology for development of the same (2023)

The present invention addresses the need for new austenitic steel compositions with higher creep strength and higher upper temperatures. The new austenitic steel compositions retain desirable phases, such as austenite, M.sub.23C.sub.6, and MC in its microstructure to higher temperatures. The present invention also discloses a methodology for the development of new austenitic steel compositions with higher creep strength and higher upper temperatures.
Bulk Metallic Glass-like Scattering Signal in Small Metallic Nanoparticles (2014)

The atomic structure of Ni-Pd nanoparticles has been studied using atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis of X-ray total scattering data and with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Larger nanoparticles have PDFs corresponding to the bulk face-centered cubic packing. However, the smallest nanoparticles have PDFs that strongly resemble those obtained from bulk metallic glasses (BMGs). In fact, by simply scaling the distance axis by the mean metallic radius, the curves may be collapsed onto each other and onto the PDF from a metallic glass sample. In common with a wide range of BMG materials, the intermediate range order may be fit with a damped single-frequency sine wave. When viewed in high-resolution TEM, these nanoparticles exhibit atomic fringes typical of those seen in small metallic clusters with icosahedral or decahedral order. These two seemingly contradictory results are reconciled by calculating the PDFs of models of icosahedra that would be consistent with the fringes seen in TEM. These model PDFs resemble the measured ones when significant atom-position disorder is introduced, drawing together the two diverse fields of metallic nanoparticles and BMGs and supporting the view that BMGs may contain significant icosahedral or decahedral order.
Modelling and performance analysis of a channel reservation handoff scheme for multimedia wireless and mobile networks using smart antennas (2006)

Smart antennas are suggested to be used in future generation wireless and mobile networks to provide the service with high capacity and service quality. In this paper, we propose a novel multimedia wireless and mobile network using smart antennas. The smart antenna in the proposed system provides a Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) scheme to improve system capacity dramatically. In the proposed system, the Quality of Service (QoS) is guaranteed for real-time service at the cost of the tolerable quality decrease for non-real-time service. As we expected, the system capacity and performance are highly improved by employing smart antennas.
The NanoCommons e-infrastructure – A quick guide to what and how of nanoinformatics in safety assessment suiting basic to expert users in academia, industry, and regulatory agencies (2020)

NanoCommons is a research e-infrastructure project offering access to high quality nanoinformatics services for nanosafety assessors in academia, industry, regulatory agencies. It is user-led, offering and developing the services needed by the user community of nanotechnology, nanosafety and related fields. NanoCommons is built on 3 main pillars: joint research activities, networking activities and transnational access services, covering four categories relevant for nanosafety assessment: experimental workflows design and implementation; data processing and analysis; data visualisation and predictive toxicity; data storage and online accessibility. These services are designed to promote data FAIRness (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable), a key NanoCommons goal, that can be made Open through the NanoCommons Knowledgebase. Thus, NanoCommons provides innovative solutions for data mining, harmonisation, utilisation and re-utilisation, including incorporation of a range of modelling and decision support tools that require and/or can produce organised, high-quality datasets. A number of online training tools have been developed for each of the offered services to help users chose the services relevant to their research questions and applications. The NanoCommons infrastructure encompassing a training library shall bridge academic research with industry and regulators, as recommended by the EU NanoSafety Cluster‘s “Closer to the Market” Research Roadmap serving the Safe-by-Design concept in nanotechnology.
Diethylaluminum 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidide (2001)

[54159-47-6] C13H28AlN (MW 225.35) InChI = 1S/C9H18N.2C2H5.Al/c1-8(2)6-5-7-9(3,4)10-8;2*1-2;/h5-7H2,1-4H3;2*1H2,2H3;/q-1;;;+1 InChIKey = XBUCNKLCVJCDKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (combined Lewis acid–base reagent for oxygen-containing functional groups; can isomerize epoxides1 and oxetanes;3 can function as a base;4 can enolize meso-cyclic acetals5) Alternate Name: DATMP. Solubility: sol benzene, toluene, hexane, CH2Cl2. Form Supplied in: prepared and used in situ. Preparative Method: prepared in situ from Diethylaluminum Chloride and Lithium 2,2,6,6‐Tetramethylpiperidide in benzene at 0 °C.1 Handling, Storage, and Precautions: the dry solid and solutions are highly flammable and must be handled in the absence of oxygen and moisture. Use in a fume hood.
P3–302: Aggregational properties of wild–type and mutated tau protein (2006)

Mutations in the tau gene cause frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism (FTDP–17). Some of the tau mutations are intronic and influence tau exon 10 splicing, leading to a shift in the ratio of tau with four (4R tau) and three (3R tau) microtubule binding repeats. However, a majority of tau mutations are located in exons and have instead been proposed to increase tau aggregation. The aggregational properties of the different tau isoforms have only been partly elucidated and it also remains unclear whether the presence of mutated tau may induce aggregation of wild–type tau isoforms. To investigate different aspects of wild–type and mutated tau protein aggregation in vitro. A tau aggregation assay, based on the fluorescent dye thioflavine T and with heparin as inducer, was designed. Single and mixed preparations of wild type tau isoforms as well as 4R tau versions of the three common tau mutations P301LV337M and R406W were studied. In accordance with previous studies, the tau mutants aggregated faster and to a greater extent than wild–type tau. Tau R406W was the most rapidly aggregating mutant, followed by P301L and V337M, respectively. Moreover, mixed samples with 75% 4R tau or 75% 3R tau had a slightly higher propensity to aggregate compared to samples with equal representation of 4R tau and 3R tau. Finally, cryo transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that fibrils formed by the various tau mutants were much more numerous, but had a roughly similar morphological appearance as fibrils formed by wild–type tau. Our results confirm previous findings of tau mutants aggregating faster and to a greater extent than wild–type tau. Moreover, preliminary evidence suggest that preparations with a inbalance of 4R tau and 3R tau isoforms are particularly prone to aggregate, which may reflect a pathogenic mechanism for tauopathies with a shift in tau exon 10 splicing.
Subject & Course Guides: Scholarly Research Impact: Author & Article Impact (2019)

This guide is designed to help you to understand the different ways to increase and measure the impact of your research. H-index, article citations, and more
Snow Cover Estimation From Image Time Series Based on Spectral Unmixing (2018)

A method based on spectral unmixing (SU) for snow cover estimation from a time series of optical images is proposed in this letter. Specifically, we have developed an endmember estimation procedure that exploits the temporal continuity of a scene. Consecutive dates are jointly processed for a more precise description of background materials improving the estimation of a fractional snow cover map. The proposed workflow relies on up to three consecutive acquisitions over the same area to extract an appropriate set of background spectra to be considered as endmembers. In greater details, multiple sets of endmembers are extracted from different images in the time series by a geometrical automated endmember extraction algorithm and the most relevant one is selected in terms of reconstruction error. Snow cover maps are then estimated by SU considering as endmembers the snow spectra coming from a spectral library and those associated with the background materials as estimated by the proposed procedure. The proposed technique is quantitatively validated considering Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Terra data over the French Alps and Moroccan High Atlas image time series and comparing the estimated snow cover maps with high-resolution reference data. The experiment clearly demonstrates the effectiveness of the generated set of endmembers using three different approaches to abundance estimation.
Fracture of polycrystalline graphene membranes by <i>in situ</i> nanoindentation in a scanning electron microscope (2015)

Failure of polycrystalline graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition was investigated by nanoindentation in a scanning electron microscope. Circular graphene membranes were subject to central point loads using a nanomanipulator combined with an atomic force microscope cantilever as a force sensor. The grain boundaries of the polycrystalline graphene were visualized by Raman spectroscopy coupled with a carbon isotope labeling technique. Graphene membranes without any grain boundary had a failure strength of 45.4 ± 10.4 GPa, compared to 16.4 ± 5.1 GPa for those with grain boundaries when a Young's modulus was assumed to be 1 TPa. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp;Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Heterogeneous signaling pattern of PKC activity associated with the Ca <sub>v</sub> 1.2 calcium channel current (2007)

The role of L-type Cav1.2 voltage gated calcium channels in regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) activity has been studied using FRET-based reporter of PKC and phosphatase activity in COS1 and rat atrial cells under whole-cell patch-clamped conditions. The 2D continuous wavelet transform analysis was applied for detection of signaling microdomains in the plasma membrane. Periodic activation of the calcium current through calcium channels by depolarization pulses to +20 mV for few minutes resulted in appearance of plasma membrane transient microdomains of high phosphatase activity similar to the ones observed on PKC activation with phorbol (Kobrinsky et al., 2005). After prolong stimulation of calcium channels (10–15 minutes), FRET signal along the plasma membrane became more homogeneous and revealed microdomains of high PKC activity only. Results of our study show that Ca current through the native and recombinant Cav1.2 channels generates a heterogeneous signaling pattern of PKC activity along the plasma membrane.
Exploring Temperature-Aware Design of Memory Architectures in VLIW Systems (2007)

This paper presents a thermal model to analyze the temperature evolution in the shared register files found on VLIW systems. The use of this model allows the analysis of several factors that have an strong impact on the heat transfer: layout topology, placement and memory accesses. Finally, some relevant conclusions are obtained after analyzing the thermal behavior of several multimedia applications.
Information Dimension of a Population's Attracted and Population's Entropy (2001)

The dopamine D2 receptor gene has been proposed as a genetic risk factor for schizophrenia (Arinami et al., 1994). However, a number of replications failed to confirm the initial report. The finding of a stronger association considering schizophrenics with the absence of negative symptoms (Arinami et al., 1996) suggested that the influence of DRD2 variants should be analyzed more at the level of symptoms rather than syndromes. One hundred and four inpatients affected by schizophrenia (n = 99) and delusional disorder (n = 5) (DSM IV) were assessed at admission by the Operational Criteria for Psychotic Illness (OPCRIT) and were typed for DRD2 variants using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. Subjects with the S311C variant presented a higher score on the 'Disorganization' factor (P = 0.012). Consideration of possible stratification effects such as sex and age of onset did not reveal any deviation from the whole sample. In conclusion, our preliminary report suggests that the DRD2 S311C variant may be a liability factor for disorganized symptoms among schizophrenics or for a subtype of schizophrenia characterized by highly disorganized symptomatology.
Streamlining Cutaneous Melanomas in Young Women of the Belgian Mosan Region (2014)

Sporadic cutaneous melanoma (SCM) has shown a dramatic increase in incidence in Caucasian populations over the past few decades. A particular epidemiological increase was reported in women during their childbearing age. In the Belgian Mosan region, a progressive unremitting increase in SCM incidence was noticed in young women for the past 35 years. The vast majority of these SCMs were of the superficial type without any obvious relationship with a large number of melanocytic nevi or with signs of frequent and intense sunlight exposures as disclosed by the extent in the mosaic subclinical melanoderma. A series of investigations pointed to a possible relationship linking the development of some SCM to the women hormonal status including the effect of hormonal disruptors. These aspects remain, however, unsettled and controversial. It is possible to differentiate and clearly quantify the SCM shape, size, scalloped border, and variegated pigmentation using computerized morphometry as well as fractal and multifractal methods.
16-micron infrared generation by difference-frequency mixing in diffysion-bonded-stacked GaAs (1998)

Currently available nonlinear optical crystals for generating coherent radiation beyond 10 μm have problems such as high optical absorption, low optical damage threshold, and high cost.
Design of a Janus Kinase 3 (JAK3) Specific Inhibitor 1-((2<i>S</i>,5<i>R</i>)-5-((7<i>H</i>-Pyrrolo[2,3-<i>d</i>]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (PF-06651600) Allowing for the Interrogation of JAK3 Signaling in Humans (2017)

Significant work has been dedicated to the discovery of JAK kinase inhibitors resulting in several compounds entering clinical development and two FDA approved NMEs. However, despite significant effort during the past 2 decades, identification of highly selective JAK3 inhibitors has eluded the scientific community. A significant effort within our research organization has resulted in the identification of the first orally active JAK3 specific inhibitor, which achieves JAK isoform specificity through covalent interaction with a unique JAK3 residue Cys-909. The relatively rapid resynthesis rate of the JAK3 enzyme presented a unique challenge in the design of covalent inhibitors with appropriate pharmacodynamics properties coupled with limited unwanted off-target reactivity. This effort resulted in the identification of 11 (PF-06651600), a potent and low clearance compound with demonstrated in vivo efficacy. The favorable efficacy and safety profile of this JAK3-specific inhibitor 11 led to its evaluation in several human clinical studies.
Neuroprotective Effects of <i>Lycium chinense</i> Miller Against Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity in PC12 Cells (2013)

Rotenone, an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I, has been widely regarded as a neurotoxin because it induces a Parkinson's disease-like syndrome. The fruit and root bark of Lycium chinense Miller have been used as traditional medicines in Asia to treat neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we examined the neuroprotective effects of Lycium chinense Miller extracts in rotenone-treated PC12 cells. Treatment with rotenone reduced PC12 cell viability and cellular ATP levels. Conversely, caspase 3/7 activity, the ratio of Bax:Bcl-2 expression levels, mitochondrial superoxide level, and intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) concentration were elevated. Pretreatment with Lycium chinense Miller extracts significantly increased cell viability and ATP levels. Additionally, they attenuated caspase activation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and mitochondrial superoxide production. Moreover, confocal microscopy showed that the mitochondrial staining pattern was restored from that of extracts treated cells and that the increase in intracellular Ca (2+) level was blunted by treatment with the extracts. Our results suggest that Lycium chinense Miller extracts may have the possible beneficial effects in Parkinson's disease by attenuating rotenone induced toxicity.
A Tutorial on Soize’s Method for Stochastic Modeling in Structural Acoustics (Fuzzy Structures Analysis) (1995)

Abstract Fuzzy structures analysis (FSA) is a stochastic approach for vibro-acoustic modeling of structures whose details cannot be modeled precisely. Pioneered by C. Soize, FSA provides a new tool that may lead to more realistic models of damping mechanisms in complex structures. This paper summarizes Soize’s method in simplified form, emphasizing the solution and post-processing procedures needed to implement FSA in computer programs. Input data needed for implementing FSA with a numerical method such as finite-element analysis are summarized. Stochastic modeling of fuzzy structures is outlined, with Newmann series expressions truncated explicitly after the second-order term. Selected post-processing formulas are given for first-order and second-order solutions.
Pathogenesis of Corticotropic Tumors (2010)

Subcellular molecular mechanisms underlying ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas remain elusive. Genetic and acquired animal and cell models have provided insights into corticotroph cell tumorigenesis, including cell cycle abnormalities and aberrant glucocorticoid feedback mechanisms. Novel peptide therapies targeting somatostatin and/or dopamine (D2) receptors and emerging microRNA studies may shed light on additional cellular pathways that regulate tumoral corticotroph cell function. Studying human pituitary corticotroph tumor biology is challenging. The rarity of the disease, as well as the small tumor size and commonly encountered specimen contamination with adjacent “normal” pituitary tissue, all represent obstacles to studying disease mechanisms. Moreover, the lack of normal/ non-autopsy derived human pituitary tissue and the inability to separate pure populations of viable corticotroph cells in primary non-human pituitary cultures does not enable easy comparison between normal and abnormal corticotroph cells. Therefore, despite technological and biological advances improving our knowledge of Cushing’s disease, the pathophysiology of pituitary corticotroph adenomas remains unclear. This chapter focuses on accumulating knowledge, emphasizing recent progress in identifying molecular and genetic mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of Cushing’s disease.
Age-related invariance of abilities measured with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–IV. (2016)

Assessment of measurement invariance across populations is essential for meaningful comparison of test scores, and is especially relevant where repeated measurements are required for educational assessment or clinical diagnosis. Establishing measurement invariance legitimizes the assumption that test scores reflect the same psychological trait in different populations or across different occasions. Examination of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) U.S. standardization samples revealed that a first-order 5-factor measurement model was best fitting across 9 age groups from 16 years to 69 years. Strong metric invariance was found for 3 of 5 factors and partial intercept invariance for the remaining 2. Pairwise comparisons of adjacent age groups supported the inference that cognitive-trait group differences are manifested by group differences in the test scores. In educational and clinical settings these findings provide theoretical and empirical support to interpret changes in the index or subtest scores as reflecting changes in the corresponding cognitive abilities. Further, where clinically relevant, the subtest score composites can be used to compare changes in respective cognitive abilities. The model was supported in the Canadian standardization data with pooled age groups but the sample sizes were not adequate for detailed examination of separate age groups in the Canadian sample. (PsycINFO Database Record
Supplementary Figure from RNA-Based Classification of Homologous Recombination Deficiency in Racially Diverse Patients with Breast Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure from RNA-Based Classification of Homologous Recombination Deficiency in Racially Diverse Patients with Breast Cancer
Assessment of Thermal Impact on Performance of Metamorphic High-Electron-Mobility Transistors on Polymer Substrates Using Flip-Chip-on-Board Technology (2013)

In this study, we have fabricated and characterized an In0.6Ga0.4As metamorphic high-electron-mobility transistor (mHEMT) device packaged using flip-chip-on-board (FCOB) technology. A low-cost polymer substrate was adopted as the carrier for cost-effective purposes. The impact of bonding temperature on the device performance was also experimentally investigated. While the DC performance was not as sensitive, serious degradation in RF performance was observed at high bonding temperature. Such degradation was mainly due to the thermal-mechanical stress resulting from the mismatch in the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the GaAs chip and the polymer substrate. Quantitative assessment was also performed through equivalent circuit extraction from S-parameter measurements.
&lt;title&gt;Acousto-optic tunable filter NIR spectrometer for rapid process-control&lt;/title&gt; (1992)

The performance of a near-infrared spectrometer equipped with light-fiber optics and an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) instead of the conventional grating-monochromator or interferometer is described. The spectrometer is used for quantitative on-line analyses with the help of chemometrics.
Energy Release Resulting from Sudden Excavation Shape Changes during Two-sided Strainbursts (2023)

Abstract When tunnels in underground hard rock mines experience strainbursts, the effective shape of the tunnel suddenly changes as part of the rock fails, notches form and the broken rock bulks inside the strainburst volume. For circular tunnels, this dynamic rupture and bulking process causes a shape change with associated displacements and velocities in the surrounding elastic rockmass and at the excavation walls. This process can be approximated for circular tunnel bursting in elastic rock by a shape change from circular to elliptical and Maugi’s solution [1] can be adapted to estimate related displacements and average ground velocities. If these velocities are imposed on a volume of rock or shotcrete with a given mass, the mass can be ejected, and the corresponding kinetic energy can be estimated. When combined with the sudden bulking of the fractured rock, displacements and velocities are magnified between the elliptical shape and the pre-burst (circular) shape of the tunnel. This study focuses on the effect of the combined excavation response with elastic and bulking deformations to assess frequently observed excavation damage processes involving ‘shotcrete rain’ and heave of floor slabs caused by these shape changes. An analytical solution is presented for circular tunnels to estimate the elastic and bulking displacements, the resulting velocities, and energy demands.