gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cancer Nanomedicine and Immune System—Interactions and Challenges (2021)

Nanoparticles have tremendous therapeutic potential in the treatment of cancer as they increase drug delivery, attenuate drug toxicity, and protect drugs from rapid clearance. Since Doxil®, the first FDA-approved nanomedicine, several other cancer nanomedicines have been approved and have successfully increased the efficacy over their free drug counterparts. Although their mechanisms of action are well established, their effects towards our immune system, particularly in the tumor microenvironment (TME), still warrant further investigation. Herein, we review the interactions between an approved cancer nanomedicine with TME immunology. We also discuss the challenges that need to be addressed for the full clinical potential of ongoing cancer nanomedicines despite the encouraging preclinical data.
Importance of π-Stacking in Photoreactivity of Aryl Benzobisoxazole and Aryl Benzobisthiazole Compounds (2003)

Aryl benzobisoxazole and aryl benzobisthiazole compounds in the solid state and in solution have completely different photoreactivity. In the solid state, intermolecular π-stacking interactions between these molecules lead to excimer formation. The excimer undergoes a photoinduced electron transfer to generate an ion radical pair. In the presence of oxygen, the anion radical transfers an electron to molecular oxygen to form superoxide. The cation radical undergoes bond cleavage followed by hydrogen abstraction and other reactions to form benzobisoxazoles (or benzobisthiazoles), benzonitriles, and benzamides. In solution, aryl benzobisoxazole and aryl benzobisthiazole molecules cannot readily π-stack, and therefore photoinduced electron transfer and its subsequent reactions do not occur. The compounds in solution are stable even after prolonged irradiation, suggesting that intermolecular π-stacking plays a very important role in photoreactivity for these molecules. Reversible redox reagents, such as ferrocene compounds, are found to retard the subsequent reactions from the photoinduced electron-transfer reaction and hence improve the photostability of poly{(benzo[1,2-d:5,4-d‘]bisoxazole-2,6-diyl)-1,4-phenylene}.
Supplementary Tables from Age at Menarche and Late Adolescent Adiposity Associated with Mammographic Density on Processed Digital Mammograms in 24,840 Women (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1. Relationship of square-root transformed percent density to age at menarche and late adolescent BMI; Supplementary Table 2. Relationship of cube-root transformed dense area to age at menarche and late adolescent BMI ;Supplementary Table 3. Effect modification by menopause of the associations of late adolescent BMI with percent density and dense area.&lt;/p&gt;
Jurisdicción penal ordinaria e inquisición en la edad moderna (A propósito del delito de bigamia) (2013)

Tesis Doctoral leida en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos de Madrid en 2013. Director de la Tesis: Fernando Suarez Bilbao
Effect of High Permeability Film in Magneto-Optical Readout Head (1987)

A new type of magnetic head, called a domain-modulation type optical reproduction head, which uses a magneto-optical effect for signal reproduction, is proposed. The prototype head consists of a high-permeability magnetic film and a magnetic garnet film with a reflex mirror. The high-permeability magnetic film works as a magnetic flux guide to transfer the fringing magnetic flux from the recorded bits in the magnetic recording medium to a magnetic garnet film, and modulates the width of the magnetic domains sufficiently to enable reproduction by a laser beam. Thus high-resolution reproduction with regard to both track density and bit density is anticipated. To investigate the feasibility of use of such a head, a prototype head was placed on recorded magnetic tape, and the modulated domains in the magnetic garnet film were observed through a polarization microscope. We found that the change in domain width reached values greater than 1 μm for magnetic garnet film with a natural domain width of 2.5 μm. According to an analytical reproduction model, this value is sufficient to enable a high signal-to-noise ratio (of approximately 75 dB) in reproducing recorded bits by a 2-μm laser beam.
Malaria Elimination Campaigns in the Lake Kariba Region of Zambia: A Spatial Dynamical Model (2016)

As more regions approach malaria elimination, understanding how different interventions interact to reduce transmission becomes critical. The Lake Kariba area of Southern Province, Zambia, is part of a multi-country elimination effort and presents a particular challenge as it is an interconnected region of variable transmission intensities. In 2012-13, six rounds of mass test-and-treat drug campaigns were carried out in the Lake Kariba region. A spatial dynamical model of malaria transmission in the Lake Kariba area, with transmission and climate modeled at the village scale, was calibrated to the 2012-13 prevalence survey data, with case management rates, insecticide-treated net usage, and drug campaign coverage informed by surveillance. The model captured the spatio-temporal trends of decline and rebound in malaria prevalence in 2012-13 at the village scale. Various interventions implemented between 2016-22 were simulated to compare their effects on reducing regional transmission and achieving and maintaining elimination through 2030. Simulations predict that elimination requires sustaining high coverage with vector control over several years. When vector control measures are well-implemented, targeted mass drug campaigns in high-burden areas further increase the likelihood of elimination, although drug campaigns cannot compensate for insufficient vector control. If infections are regularly imported from outside the region into highly receptive areas, vector control must be maintained within the region until importations cease. Elimination in the Lake Kariba region is possible, although human movement both within and from outside the region risk damaging the success of elimination programs.
The Lactulose Breath Test for Diagnosing SIBO in IBS Patients: Another Nail in the Coffin (2008)

The findings of the lactulose breath test in irritable bowel syndrome patients have been used to suggest that most patients have small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), and this association has spawned the widespread use of antibiotics in IBS. The study by Bratten and colleagues demonstrates that this test does not discriminate between IBS patients and healthy controls when criteria from recent clinical IBS studies are applied. When the findings from this large study are combined with previous smaller studies, they challenge the hypothesis that SIBO underlies the symptoms of IBS and undermine the current rationale for the use of antibiotics in IBS.
Impact of Dynamic Bond Concentration on the Viscoelastic and Mechanical Properties of Dynamic Poly(alkylurea‐<i>co</i>‐urethane) Networks (2019)

Abstract Polymer networks containing dynamic covalent bonds do not exhibit traditional thermoset material properties. Such dynamic covalent networks have the ability to undergo stress relaxation processes associated with dynamic covalent bond exchange, imparting these materials with adaptive/responsive properties. Reported herein is an investigation on the effect that changing the amount of dynamic hindered alkylurea bonds has on the viscoelastic behavior of a series of poly(alkylurea‐ co ‐urethane) networks prepared by reacting a trifunctional isocyanate crosslinker with varying ratios of an N ‐isopropyl amine endcapped poly(propylene glycol) and a poly(propylene glycol). Films that contain &gt;50% dynamic alkylurea bonds (wrt. alkylurea + urethane bonds) exhibit facile reprocessability, while those films with &lt;50% dynamic alkylurea bonds exhibit poor reprocessability under these same conditions. Analysis of the temperature‐dependent shear rheometry and uniaxial stress relaxation measurements demonstrates that the primary stress relaxation mode in these materials is linked to the dynamic bond exchange process. Interestingly, these films exhibit an increasingly rich viscoelastic spectrum with increasing fraction of non‐dynamic urethane bonds. In addition to the primary relaxation process an order‐of‐magnitude slower relaxation emerges, which is identified as being related to the relaxation of larger, permanently crosslinked polymeric clusters in an otherwise dynamic matrix.
Curved Biaxial Swing Mechanism capable of Thinning Structure (2020)

Various researches are conducted to reduce the influence of winds and waves for safer work environment on offshore operations and to negate the tilt due to acceleration of vehicle for improved comfortableness. Conventional researches have adopted active mechanism like six-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism that absorbs the sway by constantly keeping its motion base horizontal to suppress such influences. However, current swing machines require vast areas to be installed since their swing mechanisms are large and their bottom structures are thick. Here, we propose a new swing mechanism “Omni-Swing” which is relatively thin and can be applied to curved surfaces. The mechanism is embodied to a real machine and experiments are conducted to verify its basic characteristic in this paper.
A39 CULTURE-ENRICHED METAGENOMICS REVEALED MICROBIAL ENGRAFTMENT FOLLOWING FMT IN PATIENTS WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS (2021)

Abstract NOT PUBLISHED AT AUTHOR’S REQUEST Funding Agencies: CIHRImagine SPOR
Fibromyalgia syndrome. (2005)

The objectives of the first OMERACT Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FM) Workshop were to identify and prioritize symptom domains that should be consistently evaluated in FM clinical trials, and to identify aspects of domains and outcome measures that should be part of a concerted research agenda of FM researchers. Such an effort will help standardize and improve the quality of outcomes research in FM. A principal assumption in this workshop has been that there exists a clinical syndrome, generally known as FM, characterized by chronic widespread pain typically associated with fatigue, sleep disturbance, mood disturbance, and other symptoms and signs, and considered to be related to central neuromodulatory dysregulation. FM can be diagnosed using 1990 American College of Rheumatology criteria. In preparation for the workshop a Delphi exercise involving 23 FM researchers was conducted to establish a preliminary prioritization of domains of inquiry. At the OMERACT meeting, the workshop included presentation of the Delphi results; a review of placebo-controlled trials of FM treatment, with a focus on the outcome measures used and their performance; a panel discussion of the key issues in FM trials, from both an investigator and regulatory agency perspective; and a voting process by the workshop attendees. The results of the workshop were presented in the plenary session on the final day of the meeting. A prioritized list of domains of FM to be investigated was thus developed, key issues and controversies in the field were debated, and consensus on a research agenda on outcome measure development was reached.
Performance of cytology and human papillomavirus testing in relation to the menstrual cycle (2006)

Cervical smears prepared around the time of menses have been linked to unsatisfactory specimens and false negative results; however, it is unclear whether liquid-based cytology is similarly affected and data relating date of last menstrual period (LMP) to human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing are conflicting. Accordingly, we evaluated liquid-based cytology and HPV test results using Hybrid Capture 2 and PCR by LMP (days 0-10; 11-21; 22-28). We studied 5060 participants in ALTS, the Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASCUS) Low Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL) Triage Study. On average, women had 3.4 examinations (median 4, range 1-5) during a 2-year period of observation permitting an examination of intra-individual variation in cytology and HPV by LMP. Although uncommon, unsatisfactory cytology specimens were most likely on days 0-10. For satisfactory specimens, the frequency with which cytologic categories were reported varied by time since LMP, although differences were modest and did not affect the chance of abnormal cytology or its severity among women diagnosed with CIN2+. The frequency of positive HC2 tests did not vary with date of LMP. Among HPV infected women, independent of eventual diagnosis and the number of viral genotypes present, mid-cycle specimens yielded the highest frequency of LSIL cytologic interpretations and the highest HPV load; however, the magnitude of these effects were small. Intraindividual correlations of cytology or HPV by LMP were generally weak. We conclude that mid-cycle specimens yield slightly higher HPV DNA loads and slightly increased LSIL interpretations, but the clinical impact is marginal. Standardizing collection times would slightly improve interpretation of trends in HPV load. Finally, these data are consistent with the view that the biological properties of the HPV-infected cervix vary with the date of the LMP.
Real-Time Measurement of Vehicle Exhaust Gas Flow (1999)

A flow measurement system was developed to measure, in real-time, the exhaust gas flow from vehicies. This new system was based on the vortex shedding principle using ultrasonic detectors for sensing the shed vortices. The flow meter was designed to measure flow over a range of 1 to 366 Ips with an inaccuracy of ~1o/0 of reading. Additionally, the meter was engineered to cause minimal pressure drop (less than 125mm of water), to function in a high temperature environment (up to 650oC) with thermal transients of 15 oC/s, and to have a response time of 0.1 seconds for a 10% to 90!40 step change. The flow meter was also configured to measure hi-directional flow. Several flow meter prototypes were fabricated, tested, and calibrated in air, simulated exhaust gas, and actual exhaust gas. Testing included gas temperatures to 600oC, step response experiments, and flow rates from O to 360 lps in air and exhaust gas. Two prototypes have been tested extensively at NIST and two additional meters have been installed in exhaust gas flow lines for over one year. This new flow meter design has shown to be accurate, durabIe, fast responding, and to have a wide rangeabi~ity.
Isomerization and Cracking of Hexane over Beta Zeolites Synthesized by Dry Gel Conversion Method (2012)

Beta zeolite (BEA) samples with different SiO2/Al2O3 ratios were synthesized by the dry gel conversion method (DGC) using tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) as a structure directing agent (SDA). Catalytic properties of BEA for the isomerization and cracking of hexane were evaluated by comparing with the typical zeolites, mordenite (MOR), ZSM-5 (MFI), and ZSM-22 (MWW) with SiO2/Al2O3 ratios of 30-40. The combined selectivities for branched alkanes (2-and 3-methyl pentanes, and 2,2-and 2,3-dimethylbutane (b-C6), 2-and 3-methylbutanes, 2,2-dimethylpropane (b-C5), and 2-methylpropane (b-C4)) were highly dependent on the type of zeolites, and decreased in the order: BEAMWWMFI. BEA had the highest activity and selectivity for the isomerization, and MFI had the highest activity and selectivity for cracking to lower alkanes and alkenes. These differences were ascribed to the differences in pore structure, acid properties, and reaction parameters, resulting in the high performance for the isomerization and cracking over BEA with wide channels and weak acidity. The effects of SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of BEA were examined in the isomerization of hexane. The combined selectivity for branched alkanes was almost constant with increase in the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio; however, the selectivity for b-C5 and b-C4 decreased with the increase in the ratio, resulting in increased selectivity for b-C6. These findings indicate that the selectivity for the isomerization was not affected by acid amounts; however, the cracking of isomerized products was enhanced by the increased acid amounts. Catalytic activity and selectivity for branched alkanes remained in the similar level during the reaction using catalysts with the same acid amounts. These results suggest that the acid sites on BEA with different SiO2/Al2O3 ratio prepared by DGC method have uniform and discrete activity with selectivity for the isomerization.
A Visual Template-Matching Method for Articulation Angle Measurement (2015)

Active control systems for heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) are becoming more sophisticated, necessitating more extensive and sophisticated instrumentation. For articulated HGVs, articulation angle sensing is crucial for most such systems and existing and proposed sensing methods are limited either in terms of commercial feasibility or measurement accuracy. This paper investigates a vision-based system consisting of a single tractor-mounted camera, a template-matching image processing algorithm and an Unscented Kalman Filter. The method is applicable to trailers with planar fronts and requires minimal geometric knowledge of the trailer. A series of tests was performed on a tractor semi-trailer combination. The vision system was able to measure articulation angle with RMS errors of 0.64° -- 0.79° and maximum errors of 1.91° -- 2.76°.
Solving Navier-Stokes equations with advanced turbulence models on three-dimensional unstructured grids (1999)

USM3D is a widely-used unstructured flow solver for simulating inviscid and viscous flows over complex geometries. The current version (version 5.0) of USM3D, however, does not have advanced turbulence models to accurately simulate complicated flows. We have implemented two modified versions of the original Jones and Launder k-epsilon two-equation turbulence model and the Girimaji algebraic Reynolds stress model in USM3D. Tests have been conducted for two flat plate boundary layer cases, a RAE2822 airfoil and an ONERA M6 wing. The results are compared with those of empirical formulae, theoretical results and the existing Spalart-Allmaras one-equation model.
Design and Worst-case Validation of a Longitudinal Adaptive Flight Control Law : a practical approach (2013)

This paper describes the design and the worst-case validation of an adaptive longitudinal Flight Control Law (FCL) for a transport aircraft with multiple contraints: handling qualities, aeroelastic stability & structural loads issues, and limited computer workload. This adaptive controller covers the loss of flight dynamics information which are used to schedule the FCL gains. A new controller design is proposed, based on the LFT (Linear Fractional Transformation) framework. It allows a faster design while keeping the same controller structure, design methods and validation expertise as for previous aircraft. The LFT gains are combined with an improved Least-Square estimator of the aircraft model. These two elements provide adaptation to multiple sensor failures while demonstrating their robustness to realistic external disturbances. This adaptive scheme is not only tested around an aircraft equilibrium but also along trajectories. It is shown that the aircraft behaviour depends on the large set of possible initial conditions for the estimator. Thus a worst-case approach (based on genetic optimization algorithms) is considered to validate the transient and asymptotic aircraft nonlinear performance. All simulations are run on a nonlinear six degree-of-freedom certified Airbus simulator.
Identification and Characterization of the Causal Organism of Gummy Stem Blight in the Muskmelon (<i>Cucumis melo</i>L.) (2010)

Gummy stem blight is a major foliar disease of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.). In this study, morphological characteristics and rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences were analyzed to identify the causal organism of this disease. Morphological examination of the Jeonbuk isolate revealed that the percentage of monoseptal conidia ranged from 0% to 10%, and the average length × width of the conidia was 70 (± 0.96) × 32.0 (± 0.15) µm on potato dextrose agar. The BLAST analysis showed nucleotide gaps of 1/494, 2/492, and 1/478 with identities of 485/492 (98%), 492/494 (99%), 491/494 (99%), and 476/478 (99%). The similarity in sequence identity between the rDNA ITS region of the Jeonbuk isolate and other Didymella bryoniae from BLAST searches of GenBank was 100% and was 95.0% within the group. Nucleotide sequences of the rDNA ITS region from pure culture ranged from 98.2% to 99.8%. Phylogenetic analysis with related species of D. bryoniae revealed that D. bryoniae is a monophyletic group distinguishable from other Didymella spp., including Ascochyta pinodes, Mycosphaerella pinodes, M. zeae-maydis, D. pinodes, D. applanata, D. exigua, D. rabiei, D. lentis, D. fabae, and D. vitalbina. Phylogenetic analysis, based on rDNA ITS sequence, clearly distinguished D. bryoniae and Didymella spp. from the 10 other species studied. This study identified the Jeonbuk isolate to be D. bryoniae.
New Multi-Level Multiplexed Power Converter Topology for Medium-Voltage Power Drives (2021)

International audience
Lewis-acid promoted rearrangement of σ-homo-o-benzoquinones to α-tropolone derivatives: application to regiocontrolled syntheses of MY3-469 and isopygmaein (1991)

M. G. Banwell and M. P. Collis, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1991, 1343 DOI: 10.1039/C39910001343
Spatial light modulation via optically induced absorption changes in molecules (1988)

It is demonstrated that excited singlet state absorption and stimulated emission or triplet state absorption can be utilized for spatial light modulation by organic molecules. A kinetic analysis shows that for some favorable cases the modulating laser intensity needed to achieve 45% modulation can be as low as 100 nW/microm(2). The potential for spatial light modulation is discussed.
Data from Mammary Epithelial-Specific Ablation of the Focal Adhesion Kinase Suppresses Mammary Tumorigenesis by Affecting Mammary Cancer Stem/Progenitor Cells (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has been implicated in the development of cancers, including those of the breast. Nevertheless, the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which FAK promotes mammary tumorigenesis &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; are not well understood. Here, we show that targeted deletion of FAK in mouse mammary epithelium significantly suppresses mammary tumorigenesis in a well-characterized breast cancer model. Ablation of FAK leads to the depletion of a subset of bipotent cells in the tumor that express both luminal marker keratin 8/18 and basal marker keratin 5. Using mammary stem/progenitor markers, including aldehyde dehydrogenase, CD24, CD29, and CD61, we further revealed that ablation of FAK reduced the pool of cancer stem/progenitor cells in primary tumors of FAK-targeted mice and impaired their self-renewal and migration &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;. Finally, through transplantation in NOD-SCID mice, we found that cancer stem/progenitor cells isolated from FAK-targeted mice have compromised tumorigenicity and impaired maintenance &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. Together, these results show a novel function of FAK in maintaining the mammary cancer stem/progenitor cell population and provide a novel mechanism by which FAK may promote breast cancer development and progression. [Cancer Res 2009;69(2):466–74]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Deleterious and Protective Psychosocial and Stress-Related Factors Predict Risk of Spontaneous Preterm Birth (2021)

· Newly designed questionnaire used for rapid quantification of stress and psychosocial factors early during pregnancy.. · Deleterious factors predict increased preterm birth (PTB) risk.. · Protective factors predict decreased PTB risk..
Treatment outcome of nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (2011)

This study did not show satisfactory overall survival rate and disease free survival rate of definitive radiotherapy and chemotherapy for stage IE and IIE nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma. For patients with cervical lymph node metastasis, further investigation of new chemotherapy regimens is necessary to reduce the distant metastasis.