gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HearCom: Hearing in the Communication Society (2011)

A group of 28 research partners joined the EU-funded project HearCom with the overall aim to improve hearing communication. One of the main achievements has been the provision of advanced hearing screening tests by telephone and Internet. Next to that it was aimed to harmonize hearing diagnostic tests for European languages. For this the concept of an Auditory Profile was defined on which a number of diagnostic hearing tests were developed in several languages. As hearing problems are also a result of adverse acoustical circumstances such as for room acoustics and telecom systems, these effects have been studied, modelled and evaluated for hearing impaired persons. In the area of rehabilitation a large scale comparison study was performed on signal enhancement techniques for hearing devices. Both objective and subjective benefits were found for specific listening conditions in relation to a chosen signal processing method. As modern technology may assist on hearing and communication it was studied how the use of automatic speech transcription or the use of handheld communication devices may help people with hearing problems. It is shown that communication benefits can be obtained, but that the benefit is limited in practice as processing power of today's handheld devices is still insufficient. An overview is given on the HearCom portal with sections for screening diagnostics, hearing information for the public and professionals, and a new HearCompanion service that provides step-by-step support for the hearing rehabilitation process
Greco-Arab and Islamic Herbal-Derived Anticancer Modalities: From Tradition to Molecular Mechanisms (2011)

The incidence of cancer is increasing in the developed countries and even more so in developing countries parallel to the increase in life expectancy. In recent years, clinicians and researchers advocate the need to include supportive and palliative care since the establishment of the diagnosis and throughout the duration of treatment, with the goal of improving patients' quality of life. This patient-centered approach in supportive care is also shared by various traditional and complementary medicine approaches. Traditional Arab-Islamic medicine offers a variety of therapeutic modalities that include herbal, nutritional, and spiritual approaches. Physicians and scholars, such as Avicenna (980-1037), Rhazes (965-915), Al Zahrawi (936-1013), and Ibn al Nafis (1218-1288) referred to cancer etiology in various medicinal texts and suggested both preventive and therapeutic remedies to alleviate suffering. This review presents research data related to the anticancer activities of herbs used in Arab-Islamic medicine and allude to their potential role in improving the quality of life of cancer patients.
Loss of <i>CDKN2B</i> Promotes p53-Dependent Smooth Muscle Cell Apoptosis and Aneurysm Formation (2012)

These results suggest that reduced CDKN2B expression and increased smooth muscle cell apoptosis may be one mechanism underlying the 9p21.3 association with aneurysmal disease.
Detection of five seedborne legume viruses in one sensitive multiplex polymerase chain reaction test (1994)

TEST 02 - Elsevier's Scopus, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Search and access research from the science, technology, medicine, social sciences and arts and humanities fields.
Calcium induces differentiation of primary human salivary acinar cells (2002)

Cultivation of human parotid glands in serum-free medium (Ca(2+) concentration, 0.2 mM) with growth supplements resulted in isolation of a homogeneous population of epithelial cells without any mesenchymal cells. The isolated cells showed an undifferentiated phenotype with scant cytoplasmic organelles, and low levels of alpha-amylase expression. The cells remained viable and undifferentiated for up to 24 passages when subcultured at 80% confluence in 0.2 mM Ca(2+) medium with a 1:3 split ratios. There was little cell-cell contact. A Ca(2+) switch from 0.2 to 1 mM induced cell-cell contact with translocation of desmosomal proteins from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane, and sequential differentiation of serous acinar cells with a glandular arrangement, well-developed cytoplasmic organelles and an increased level of alpha-amylase expression. These morphological changes and desmosome assembly were blocked by treatment with non-specific PKC inhibitor. Moreover, the addition of PKC activator, tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), to 0.2 mM Ca(2+) medium caused transient assembly of desmosome-like structure, but did not induce cell-cell contact or morphological differentiation. Cultivation of the cells in 1.5 mM Ca(2+) medium resulted in increased stratification of the cells and reduced alpha-amylase expression. These findings provide the first demonstration that continuous cultivation in 1.0 mM Ca(2+) medium is required for cellular differentiation of salivary gland acinar cells, and maintenance of the differentiated state.
Discovery of genes affecting resistance of barley to adapted and non-adapted powdery mildew fungi (2014)

This study represents an initial, functional inventory of approximately 3% of the barley transcriptome for a role in NHR or QR against the powdery mildew pathogen. The discovered candidate genes support the idea that QR in this Triticeae host is primarily based on pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity, which is compromised by effector molecules produced by the compatible pathogen. The overlap of four genes with significant TIGS effects both in the NHR and QR screens also indicates shared components for both forms of durable pathogen resistance.
A high order relaxation labeling neural network for feature matching (2002)

The main aim of this work is to propose a new artificial neural network architecture to solve the motion correspondence problem by a nonlinear relaxation labelling approach estimating correct matches from high order compatibility measurements. High directional variance features extracted from a frame at time t and the corresponding high correlated ones of the frame at time t+1 are used to determine respectively two relational graphs with five-order links labelled by the geometrical invariant value of cross-ratio of any five coplanar features (relational graph nodes). Cross-ratio similarities between relational graphs are used as constraints to determine compatibilities between feature matches (association graph nodes). We map the recovered association graph into an appropriate neural network architecture. The feature matching problem is then solved by relaxing the neural network according to dynamical equations following an heuristic nonlinear relaxation scheme. Being based on geometrical invariance of coplanar points as the main constraint, the approach recovers matches only for a set of coplanar features. Actually, this is not a loss of generality, because in a lot of indoor real contexts the viewed scene can be well approximated to a plane. Finally, in our experimental teats, we found our method to be very fast to converge to a solution, showing higher order interactions help to speed-up the process.
Some new aspects in analyzing photopolarimetric observations of planets (2005)

Some new difficulties appearing in analyzing polarimetric observations of planets with optically thick and optically thin atmospheres are discussed. Using the atmosphere of Jupiter as an example, it is demonstrated that specific choice of particle shape in model computations can affect significantly the values of cloud particle parameters retrieved from photopolarimetric data. Besides, we consider the influence of various factors on the interpretation of ptotopolarimetric observations of Mars performed during periods of high transparency of its atmosphere. The re-analysis of the polarization phase curves obtained in such periods shows the impossibility to derive reliable estimates of the properties of Martian dust particles.
Effect of Alloying Elements on TiC Particulate Dispersion in Aluminum Matrix Composites (1990)

The effect of alloying elements on TiC particulate dispersion into liquid aluminum was investigated. TiC particles could be dispersed in liquid aluminum without excessive dissociation, because of their chemical stability. The time required for dispersion of TiC particles into molten aluminum is defined as the incorporation time. The results of measurement showed that the alloying elements were divided into three types concerning the effect on particulate incorporation time: shortening, prolonging the incorporation time and no effect.The incorporation of TiC particles into molten aluminum proceeds accompanying TiC dissociation for wetting, resulting in the formation of an intermetallic compound of the Ti-Al system. In the case of additions of silicon, calcium and zirconium, EPMA showed that these elements promoted the reaction of TiC particulate dissociation; TiC→Ti+C and shortened the incorporation time by forming an intermetallic compound with titanium. On the other hand, although alloying elements such as magnesium, lead and bithmuth were not contained in the intermetallic compound, the incorporation time was shortened by the surface active effect of these alloying elements. Copper had a little effect on the incorporation time. Since TiC dissociation is controlled by the existence of titanium in melt, the incorporation time for the Al-Ti system was prolonged consequently.It is clear from the microstructural observation that particles segregate along grain boundaries of the matrix under slow solidification rate as air cooling in the crucible. However, under the condition of rapid solidification rate, the sound composite showing a uniform particulate distribution was obtained.
Development of a high pressure micromechanical force apparatus (2014)

The formation of gas hydrates and subsequent plugging of pipelines are risks that need to be well understood during the production and transportation of oil and gas in subsea flowlines. These flowlines are typically operating at low temperature and high pressure conditions, which are well within the hydrate formation stability region. One of the key processes for hydrate plugs to develop is the agglomeration of hydrates. To obtain a more comprehensive understanding on this problem, we have developed a high-pressure micromechanical force (MMF) apparatus to directly measure cohesive forces between gas hydrate particles. The MMF system is housed in a stainless steel vessel that can withstand pressures of up to 10 MPa, thereby facilitating studies on a broad spectrum of hydrate formers and conditions. The MMF apparatus comprises of two cantilever fibers: one is stationary and another is manipulated via a nano-manipulator. Water droplets (~500 μm in diameter) are placed at the end of the each cantilever fiber so that they can be converted to hydrate. In order to demonstrate the stability of this apparatus, CH4/C2H6 (74.7 mol. %/25.3 mol. %) mixed hydrates were prepared at 2 MPa and -5 °C and annealed at 0 °C for 15 h. Subsequently, the hydrate particle cohesive force was measured at 2 °C. Compared with the cohesive force of cyclopentane hydrates in cyclopentane liquid (~4.3 mN/m), the average cohesive force of gas hydrates was about 10 times higher, ~43 mN/m. Studies using this new high pressure MMF apparatus will be central to better understand the agglomeration of hydrates in multiphase flowlines.
Processor architecture for software implementation of multi-sector G-RAKE receivers for HSUPA wireless infrastructure (2013)

The high speed uplink packet access (HSUPA) wireless standard requires extremely high-performance signal processing in the baseband receiver, the most challenging being the chip rate rake receiver. In this paper we describe the architectural enhancements on the IBM's PowerEN processor, to enable it to support the computational requirements of the rake receiver in a fully programmable and scalable fashion. A key feature of these enhancements is a bank-based very-large register file, with embedded single instruction multiple data (SIMD) support. This processor-in-regfile (PIR) strategy is implemented as local computation elements (LCEs) attached to each bank. This overcomes the limitation on the number of register file ports and at the same time enables high degree of parallelism. We show that these enhancements enable the integration of multi-sector HSUPA G-RAKE receivers on a single processor.
Scalable Bayesian Non-Negative Tensor Factorization for Massive Count Data (2015)

We present a Bayesian non-negative tensor factorization model for count-valued tensor data, and develop scalable inference algorithms (both batch and online) for dealing with massive tensors. Our generative model can handle overdispersed counts as well as infer the rank of the decomposition. Moreover, leveraging a reparameterization of the Poisson distribution as a multinomial facilitates conjugacy in the model and enables simple and efficient Gibbs sampling and variational Bayes (VB) inference updates, with a computational cost that only depends on the number of nonzeros in the tensor. The model also provides a nice interpretability for the factors; in our model, each factor corresponds to a "topic". We develop a set of online inference algorithms that allow further scaling up the model to massive tensors, for which batch inference methods may be infeasible. We apply our framework on diverse real-world applications, such as \emph{multiway} topic modeling on a scientific publications database, analyzing a political science data set, and analyzing a massive household transactions data set.
Discordant <scp>anti‐SARS‐CoV</scp>‐2 spike protein and <scp>RNA</scp> staining in cutaneous perniotic lesions suggests endothelial deposition of cleaved spike protein (2020)

While the gold standard for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in tissue sections has yet to be determined, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 SP alone without spike RNA suggests that cleaved SP may be present in cutaneous endothelial cells and eccrine epithelium, providing a potential pathogenetic mechanism of COVID-19 endotheliitis.
Substrate Effect on Terahertz Emission in Fe/Pt Spintronic Emitters (2021)

The choice of the substrate plays an important role for spintronic terahertz (THz) emitters (STEs). We have grown epitaxial Pt/Fe bilayer thin films on MgO and MgAl <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> substrates. The THz electric field amplitude is found to be larger when Pt/Fe is grown on MgO even though the crystal quality of the Fe film is better when grown on MgAl <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> . This study indicates that the Fe crystal quality affects the THz emission in Pt/Fe STEs and points to the importance of a careful choice of the substrate to enhance the THz amplitude in STEs.
Heat shock protein 90 controls HIV-1 reactivation from latency (2014)

Latency allows HIV-1 to persist in long-lived cellular reservoirs, preventing virus eradication. We have previously shown that the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is required for HIV-1 gene expression and mediates greater HIV-1 replication in conditions of hyperthermia. Here we report that specific inhibitors of Hsp90 such as 17-(N-allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin and AUY922 prevent HIV-1 reactivation in CD4+ T cells. A single modification at position 19 in the Hsp90 inhibitors abolished this activity, supporting the specificity of the target. We tested the impact of Hsp90 on known pathways involved in HIV-1 reactivation from latency; they include protein kinase Cs(PKCs), mitogen activated protein kinase/extracellular signal regulated kinase/positive transcriptional elongation factor-b and NF-κB. We found that Hsp90 was required downstream of PKCs and was not required for mitogen activated protein kinase activation. Inhibition of Hsp90 reduced degradation of IkBα and blocked nuclear translocation of transcription factor p65/p50, suppressing the NF-κB pathway. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments showed that Hsp90 interacts with inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase (IKK) together with cochaperone Cdc37, which is critical for the activity of several kinases. Targeting of Hsp90 by AUY922 dissociated Cdc37 from the complex. Therefore, Hsp90 controls HIV-1 reactivation from latency by keeping the IKK complex functional and thus connects T-cell activation with HIV-1 replication. AUY922 is in phase II clinical trial and, in combination with a PKC-ϑ inhibitor in phase II clinical trial, almost completely suppressed HIV-1 reactivation at 15 nM with no cytotoxicity. Selective targeting of the Hsp90/Cdc37 interaction may provide a powerful approach to suppress HIV-1 reactivation from latency.
Modelling techniques for the quantification of some electron beam induced phenomena (1992)

Scanning Microscopy
Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in HLA-DR4-DQ3 haplotypes associated with rheumatoid arthritis. (1994)

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns were studied in serologically confirmed DR4-DQ3 positive patients with rheumatoid arthritis by Southern blot analysis using full length cDNA probes specific for DRB, DQA and DQB hybridized with genomic DNA digested with informative restriction endonucleases. The RFLP patterns correlated with serology confirming all patients to be DR4+ve. The DQB1*0302 (DQ8) allele identified by 12.0kb BamHI, 3.3kb Hind III and 1.8kb Taql fragments was present in all patients suggesting them to be DR4-DQB1*0302. Hybridization of Taq 1 and PVU II digested genomic DNA with DQA cDNA probe revealed four informative RFLP patterns. While three of them correlated with known DR4 subtypes, one was a new polymorphism observed specifically in Indian patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The study further indicated that two of the several known subtypes of DR4, viz., DRB1*0401-DW4-DQB1*0302 and DRB1*0404-DW14-DQB1*0302 may be implicated in susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis in the Indian population.
Monitoring changes of viscoelasticity during blood coagulation with acoustic sensors (2007)

In our previous work we demonstrated the general suitability of surface and bulk acoustic wave (SAW and BAW) structures for recording the continuous change of fluidic behavior in the course of blood coagulation processes [Guhr et al.,2005]. Special advantage can be taken from the direct impact of fluid consistence on SAW and BAW device parameters (e. g. resonator frequency, quality factor, impedance). Beside the ability of continuous detection of coagulation process further tests can be realized with SAW and BAW devices as was shown in an acoustic version of thrombelastography [Guhr et al.,2006]. In this paper, we make the proposal to describe the observed features of blood in the frame of non-Newtonian behavior. Therefore we distinguish between acoustic monitoring of shear viscosity and shear elasticity changes during the whole process of haemostasis. The goal is to get more detailed insight into the ongoing biological process. That approach is suggested from modeling of resonance-antiresonance behavior of thickness shear-mode resonators (TSM), also called quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The response of resonance and antiresonance parameters can be significantly different from each other, depending on the shear viscosity and elasticity of the loaded fluid. For example, the frequency shifts of both resonances have the same or the opposite sign when changing the viscosity or the elasticity, respectively. The results of modeling the QCM response to viscoelastic loading are used for the interpretation of time dependent measurement signals of the coagulation process.
Temporal Changes in Prevalence of Molecular Markers Mediating Antimalarial Drug Resistance in a High Malaria Transmission Setting in Uganda (2014)

Standard therapy for malaria in Uganda changed from chloroquine to chloroquine + sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in 2000, and artemether-lumefantrine in 2004, although implementation of each change was slow. Plasmodium falciparum genetic polymorphisms are associated with alterations in drug sensitivity. We followed the prevalence of drug resistance-mediating P. falciparum polymorphisms in 982 samples from Tororo, a region of high transmission intensity, collected from three successive treatment trials conducted during 2003-2012, excluding samples with known recent prior treatment. Considering transporter mutations, prevalence of the mutant pfcrt 76T, pfmdr1 86Y, and pfmdr1 1246Y alleles decreased over time. Considering antifolate mutations, the prevalence of pfdhfr 51I, 59R, and 108N, and pfdhps 437G and 540E were consistently high; pfdhfr 164L and pfdhps 581G were uncommon, but most prevalent during 2008-2010. Our data suggest sequential selective pressures as different treatments were implemented, and they highlight the importance of genetic surveillance as treatment policies change over time.
Persistence of robust humoral immune response in COVID-19 convalescent individuals over 12 months after infection (2021)

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infection elicits varying degrees of protective immunity conferred by neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). Here we report the persistence of nAb responses over 12 months after infection despite its decreasing trend noticed from 6 months. The study included sera from 358 individuals who had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 between January and May 2020. Samples were collected at 6 and 12 months after onset. The titers of IgG to the viral nucleocapsid protein (NP) and receptor-binding domain of the spike protein (RBD) were measured by CLEIA. The nAb titer was determined using lentivirus-based pseudovirus or authentic virus. Antibody titers of NP-IgG, RBD-IgG, and nAbs were higher in severe and moderate cases than in mild cases at 12 months after onset. While the nAb levels were likely to confer adequate protection against wild-type viral infection, the neutralization activity to recently circulating variants in some of the mild cases (∼30%) was undermined, implying the susceptibility of reinfection to the variants of concerns (VOCs). COVID-19 convalescent individuals have robust humoral immunity even at 12 months after infection albeit that the medical history and background of patients could affect the function and dynamics of antibody response to the VOCs.
Monitoring the Corrosion Rate of Copper under a Single Droplet of NaCl (2013)

The corrosion rate of copper under a single droplet of NaCl has been investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique. The changes in contact angle, volume loss and droplet height during the progress of corrosion process will be monitored. Corrosion rates were greatly accelerated as the droplet height decreases as a result of the decrease of the diffusion layer thickness and did not alter significantly for higher droplet height. The values of the contact angle, droplet height increase as the holding time progresses, while the volume loss increases. The decrease in contact angle with holding time is accompanied by a decrease in the wetting properties of the copper surface with time. A mechanism describing the successive stages of the corrosion process within a droplet is suggested.
A feasibility randomised controlled trial with an embedded qualitative evaluation of perinatal emotional skills groups for women with borderline personality disorder: protocol for the EASE study (2022)

ISRCTN80470632.