gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peptide-Modified Dendrimers as Templates for the Production of Highly Reactive Catalytic Nanomaterials (2014)

Peptide-driven nanomaterials synthesis and assembly has become a significant research thrust due to the capability to generate a range of multifunctional materials with high spatial precision and tunable properties. Despite the extensive amount of available literature, the majority of studies report the use of free peptides to drive synthesis and assembly. Such strategies are not an entirely accurate representation of nature, as many materials binding peptides found in biological systems are sterically constrained to a larger biological motif. Herein we report the synthesis of catalytic Pd nanomaterials using constrained peptides covalently attached to the surface of small, water-soluble dendrimers. Using the R5 peptide conjugated to polyamidoamine dendrimer as a bioconjugate, Pd nanomaterials were generated that displayed altered morphologies compared to nanomaterials templated with free R5. It was discovered that the peptide surface density on the dendrimer affected the resulting nanoscale morphology. Furthermore, the catalytic activities of Pd materials templated with R5/dendrimer are higher as compared to the R5-templated Pd materials for the hydrogenation of allyl alcohol, with an average increase in turnover frequency of ∼1500 mol product (mol Pd × h)−1. Small angle X-ray scattering analysis and dynamic light scattering indicate that Pd derived from R5/dendrimer templates remained less aggregated in solution and displayed more available reactive Pd surface area. Such morphological changes in solution are attributed to the constrained peptide binding motifs, which altered the Pd morphology and subsequent properties. Moreover, the results of this study suggest that constrained materials binding peptide systems can be employed as a means to alter morphology and improve resulting properties.
Detecting Forged TCP Reset Packets. (2009)

Several off-the-shelf products enable network operators to enforce usage restrictions by actively terminating connections when deemed undesirable. While the spectrum of their application is large—from ISPs limiting the usage of P2P applications to the “Great Firewall of China”—many of these systems implement the same approach to disrupt the communication: they inject artificial TCP Reset (RST) packets into the network, causing the endpoints to shut down communication upon receipt. In this work, we study the characteristics of packets injected by such traffic controldevices. Weshowthatbyexploitingtherace-conditions that out-of-band devices inevitably face, we not only can detect the interference but often also fingerprint the specificdeviceinuse. Wedevelopanefficientinjectiondetector and demonstrate its effectiveness by identifying a range of disruptive activity seen in traces from four different sites, including termination of P2P connections, anti-spam and anti-virusmechanisms,andthefindingthatChina’s“Great Firewall ” has multiple components, sometimes apparently operating without coordination. We also find a number of sources of idiosyncratic connection termination that do not reflect third-party traffic disruption, including NATs, loadbalancers,andspambots. Ingeneral,ourfindingshighlight that (i)Internettrafficfacesawiderangeofcontroldevices using injected RST packets, and (ii) to reliably detect RST injection while avoiding misidentification of other types of activity requires significant care. 1
Differences In The Volume Of Stress Platelets And Vincristine Stimulated Platelets (1981)

The mechanisms by which thrombocytoses are produced are not understood. This study examines the size of platelets in thrombocytoses produced by two different stimuli. Rats were given Vincristine (0.1 mg/kg intravenously) which produced an increase in platelet count from 1.0 to 1.5 × 109/ml on day 5 without a preceding thrombocytopenia. The volume of platelets from an aliquot of the whole platelet population was measured daily using a Coulter ZF counter coupled to a 2000 channel multichannel analyser. Platelet volume was found to be log Gaussian with a mean modal volume of 2.44 f1. in a control group of rats (n=8). There was no significant difference between platelet volumes in the Vincristine treated group and the control group on any day. In a second experiment platelet antiserum (PAS) or saline (control) was injected into groups of five rats. PAS produced a platelet count of 8% relative to the control group on day 1. Platelet modal volume was measured daily and in the control group did not significantly vary from 2.28±0.14 f1. In the PAS group on day 1 platelet volume was 4.17 ±0.70 f1, an increase of 83%. By day 6 the platelet count was 1.6 × 109/ml. and modal volume was 2.42 ± 0.08 f1. Platelet volume and count returned to control group levels by days 8 and 9 respectively. Bone marrow microdensitometry showed a change in megakaryocyte ploidy number after injection of PAS. The rise in platelet counts produced by vincristine and after thrombocytopenia (stress platelets) are probably produced by different mechanisms.
Facial Cellulitis and Thrombosis With Pulmonary Septic Emboli Mimicking Lemierre's Syndrome (2016)

Lemierre’s syndrome is characterized by thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein and bacteremia, typically caused by anerobic microorganisms following a recent pharyngeal infection, first described by Andre Lemierre as a clinical finding of “anerobic post-anginal sepsis” in 1936. Diagnosis is made by identifying thrombosis of the internal jugular vein; although variants of the disease with facial vein thrombosis have been reported, in addition to positive anerobic blood cultures, the most common causative organism remains Fusobacterium necrophorum . The mainstay of treatment remains prolonged antibiotic therapy. J Med Cases. 2016;7(3):87-89 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jmc2422w
Ceroxid-Nanoenzyme als biozidfreie Antifoulingausrüstung für Markisen und Segel (2022)

Neuartige Anifoulingausrüstungen für den Anwendungsbereich Textilien für die Außenanwendung (Sonnensegel, Markisen, Segel etc.) wurden auf der Basis von Ceroxid-Nanomaterialien im IGF-Projekt „Antifoulingbeschichtungen von Textilien für den Außenbereich unter Verwendung von katalytisch aktiven Ceroxid-Partikeln“ entwickelt. Dabei wurden Ceroxid-Nanostäbchen oder -Nanopartikel auf die Textilien appliziert, die aufgrund ihrer Haloperoxidase-Wirkungen Messengermoleküle von Mirkoorganismen halogenieren können, wodurch die Bakterien ein „Stop-Signal“ erhalten und die Bildung des Biofilmes eingestellt werden.
Laser flash photolysis study of azides derived from Cr(<scp>iii</scp>) and Mn(<scp>iii</scp>) salen complexes (2002)

Laser flash photolysis of (salen)Cr(III) and (salen)Mn(III) azides has shown that photodenitrogenation occurs through the intermediacy of triplet metal nitrenes. A minor competing pathway consisting in the formation of tetra-coordinated Mn(II) and Cr(II) fragments has also been observed. Both reaction paths are explained through two sorts of photocleavages centered on the azido apical ligand: (a) rupture of the N–N2 bond to form the coordinated triplet nitrene and (b) homolytic dissociation of the metal–N3 bond.
Remote Substituent Effects on Methyl Torsional Barriers: trans-p-Amino-p'-methylstilbene (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRemote Substituent Effects on Methyl Torsional Barriers: trans-p-Amino-p'-methylstilbeneShuxin Yan and Lee H. SpanglerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 10, 3047–3052Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100010a012https://doi.org/10.1021/j100010a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Amphiphilic diblock, triblock, and star block copolymers by living radical polymerization: Synthesis and aggregation behavior (2002)

Abstract Copper(I)‐mediated living radical polymerization was used to synthesize amphiphilic block copolymers of poly( n ‐butyl methacrylate) [P( n ‐BMA)] and poly[(2‐dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA). Functionalized bromo P( n ‐BMA) macroinitiators were prepared from monofunctional, difunctional, and trifunctional initiators: 2‐bromo‐2‐methylpropionic acid 4‐methoxyphenyl ester, 1,4‐(2′‐bromo‐2′‐methyl‐propionate)benzene, and 1,3,5‐(2′‐bromo‐2′‐methylpropionato)benzene. The living nature of the polymerizations involved was investigated in each case, leading to narrow‐polydispersity polymers for which the number‐average molecular weight increased fairly linearly with time with good first‐order kinetics in the monomer. These macroinitiators were subsequently used for the polymerization of (2‐dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate to obtain well‐defined [P( n ‐BMA) x ‐ b ‐PDMAEMA y ] z diblock (15,900; polydispersity index = 1.60), triblock (23,200; polydispersity index = 1.24), and star block copolymers (50,700; polydispersity index = 1.46). Amphiphilic block copolymers contained between 60 and 80 mol % hydrophilic PDMAEMA blocks to solubilize them in water. The polymers were quaternized with methyl iodide to render them even more hydrophilic. The aggregation behavior of these copolymers was investigated with fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. For blocks of similar comonomer compositions, the apparent critical aggregation concentration (cac = 3.22–7.13 × 10 −3 g L −1 ) and the aggregate size (ca. 65 nm) were both dependent on the copolymer architecture. However, for the same copolymer structure, increasing the hydrophilic PDMAEMA block length had little effect on the cac but resulted in a change in the aggregate size. © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 439–450, 2002; DOI 10.1002/pola.10122
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of 9H‐Tribenz(b,d,f)azepine and Its 1‐Methoxy Derivative. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Influence of Particle Size on the Sintering Kinetics of Ultrapure Sodium Chloride (1982)

Sodium chloride particles with size fractions covering the range &lt;38 to 180 μm were sintered in air at T=973 to 1048 K. At any given time and temperature, the degree of densification was found to be a decreasing function of particle size. Calculated activation energies from these densification results showed a corresponding dependence on particle size, i.e. higher energies were associated with the sintering of larger size fractions. Surface‐area reduction measurements showed a similar trend with respect to particle size. These results are discussed in terms of simultaneous contributions from densifying (bulk diffusion) and nondensifying (evaporation‐condensation) processes in the sintering of sodium chloride.
Growth of Silicon Nanoclusters: Elucidation by gas-phase experiments and DFT calculations (2004)

Semiconductor nanostructures are of great interest from both fundamental and applied perspectives. They are intriguing scientifically because their bonding and properties deviate strongly from those of their bulk solids and relevant industrially since nanodevices now approach the scale of large clusters. Understanding the behavior of any molecular system starts from ascertaining its structure. So a colossal effort was expended over the last two decades on characterizing semiconductor cluster geometries. As silicon is the most critical semiconductor, that effort largely focused on Si clusters. Structures of small Si clusters were elucidated early on by ab initio calculations, vibrationally resolved spectroscopy, and optical spectroscopies of matrix-isolated species. Progress for larger systems was enabled in late 1990s by an integrated suite of new tools. It includes ion mobility spectrometry, photoelectron spectroscopy, collisional dissociation, and threshold ionization on the side of experiment, and novel molecular optimization algorithms based on evolution paradigm and fast, but accurate semiempirical protocols for energy evaluation on the theory side. Coherent application of these methods has characterized Si clusters up to the region of radical transition from prolate to spherical growth at ~ 25 atoms.
Abnormal Heart Rate, Rhythm or ECG Findings (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Heart rate Heart rhythm
QUEENS-MANHATTAN TRANSIT IMPROVEMENTS STUDY. FINAL REPORT (1991)

This report analyzes short and long range opportunities for improving subway service between Queens and Manhattan. It evaluates the physical feasibility, operating feasibility, ridership potential, capacities, costs, and institutional acceptability of more than 20 options. The report recommends a staged improvement plan the first stage calls for (1) operating 60-foot cars on the Queens Boulevard subway line, (2) speeding up J-Z service by closing or consolidating stations, (3) improving pedestrian connections in Long Island City and (4) building a Rosedale Transit Center. It supports the following sequence of actions over the next 10 to 15 years; (1) complete the Northern Boulevard express-local connection as soon as possible, (2) connect the 60th Street tunnel to the Flushing Line ezpress track, (3) utilize a car capable of running on both tracks, and (4) subsequently (as needed) add a fifth track through the Roosevelt Avenue stations and build connection between the Queens Boulevard and Rockaway Lines. A connection between the Long Island Rail Road main line and the 63rd Street tunnel lower level with an extension of LIRR service to midtown Manhattan has merit over the long run as part of regional transit improvements.
Pain as a causal motivator of alcohol consumption: Associations with gender and race. (2022)

Despite accumulating evidence indicating reciprocal interrelations between pain and alcohol consumption, no prior work has examined pain as a proximal antecedent of drinking. The goal of the current study was to test the effects of experimental pain induction on ad-lib alcohol consumption among moderate-to-heavy drinkers without chronic pain (<i>N</i> = 237; 42% female; 37% Black; <i>M</i> = 3.26<sub>daily drinks</sub>). Participants were randomized to either pain-induction (capsaicin + thermal heat paradigm) or no-pain-control conditions. Experimental pain induction lasted for 15 minutes, during which ad-lib alcohol consumption was assessed using an established taste test paradigm. As hypothesized, results indicated that participants randomized to the pain-induction condition poured and consumed more alcohol and reached a higher peak blood alcohol concentration than those randomized to the no-pain condition (<i>p</i>s < 0.05; η<i><sub>p</sub></i>² range = 0.018-0.021). Exploratory analyses revealed the effects of pain on alcohol consumption to be most pronounced among participants who self-identified as male or Black (relative to female or White, respectively). These findings indicate that the experience of pain serves as a causal, situational motivator for alcohol consumption, and suggest that current drinkers may be susceptible to escalating their consumption of alcohol in the context of pain. Future research is needed to explicate observed differences in the effects of pain on drinking as a function of gender and race, and to extend this work to individuals with chronic pain and varying levels of alcohol use. Collectively, these findings may help inform the development of integrated treatments to address co-occurring pain and alcohol use. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Recent advances in designing balun-free interstitial antennas for minimally-invasive microwave ablation (2015)

We discuss recent advances in the design of balun-free interstitial antennas for minimally-invasive microwave ablation (MWA). Specifically, two different classes of balun-free MWA antennas are discussed in this paper. The first class of antennas consists of monopole-type radiators fed at their bases using coaxial cables and operated at the second resonant frequency. Under these conditions, a compact specific absorption rate (SAR) pattern is achieved without the need to use a coaxial balun encompassing the outer periphery of the feeding coaxial cable as is done in conventional coax-fed MWA antennas. The second class of antennas consists of balanced dipole or loop antennas fed with inherently balanced, shielded transmission lines. In such a structure, the current flowing on one conductor of the feeding line (and the antenna arm) is balanced by the current flowing on the other conductor (the other antenna arm). Therefore, no RF current flows on the outer surface of the floating shield and the antenna achieves a compact SAR pattern and localized heating zone. Design considerations, principles of operation, and measurement results including the results of ex vivo ablation experiments for representative prototypes of both classes of antennas are presented and discussed in the paper.
Factitious proteinuria in a young girl. (1990)

A 16-year-old girl showed waxing and waning proteinuria and fat globules in urine for three years. There were no other abnormal findings except for the urinalysis. The renal biopsy findings did not indicate glomerular disease. Electrophoresis of the urinary protein showed two abnormal fractions at the alpha and beta globulins. Immunoelectrophoresis demonstrated that these abnormal proteins were not derived from human serum proteins, but were egg proteins. It appears that the proteinuria was factitious and that egg proteins were injected into the bladder, as they were also present in the bladder urine.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Stereoselective Amination of Thioethers with <i>N</i>‐Mesyloxycarbamates: DMAP and Bis(DMAP)CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> as Key Additives (2014)

Abstract A stereoselective Rh‐catalyzed intermolecular amination of thioethers using a readily available chiral N ‐mesyloxycarbamate to produce sulfilimines in excellent yields and diastereomeric ratio is described. A catalytic mixture of 4‐dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) and bis(DMAP)CH 2 Cl 2 proved pivotal in achieving high selectivity. The X‐ray crystal structure of the (DMAP) 2 ⋅[Rh 2 {( S )‐nttl} 4 ] complex was obtained and mechanistic studies suggested a Rh II ‐Rh III complex as the catalytically active species.
Variable-Flux Biaxial Vibration Energy Harvester (2018)

Variable-flux biaxial vibration energy harvesting (VBH) is a novel architecture for electromagnetic vibrations energy harvesting. In this paper, we present VBH prototypes for low-frequency (<;10 Hz) and low-amplitude vibrations energy harvesting. The transduction mechanism uses stationary magnetic circuit, a coil, and a moving ferromagnetic ball. The ferromagnetic ball disrupts the magnetic field and induces a voltage in the coil. We analyzed the performance of the VBH experimentally, and the results exhibited the efficient operation of the system in harvesting energy at center frequencies as low as 6.5 Hz with harvesting bandwidth as wide as 5.8 Hz and an output power of 154 μW.
Development of optical system on novel Projection Electron Microscopy (PEM) for EUV masks and its basic performance evaluation (2013)

In order to realize pattern defect inspection for 1Xnm EUV mask, we are developing a novel projection electron microscopy (PEM) system; which enables us to make the inspection in high resolution and high throughput as compared with conventional DUV and EB inspection systems. To achieve the specification target, e.g., sensitivity of 16nm size in pattern defect and inspection speed of 19 hours/100mm square, we have examined to clear the required progress as compared to the current optical system for PEM; In order to meet the required progress, we made a new design concept and developed a new optical system, which comprises an exposure and an imaging electron optics. In this paper, we describe the evaluation on the basic performance of the developed optical system as concerning to the required progress: 1) transmittances over 10 times on the developed exposure optics and over 2 times on the developed imaging optics; 2) electron imaging being higher energy over 5 times and MTF inclination in hp44～64nm L/S pattern. The results show the developed optical system on the novel PEM is capable to meet the progress for 1Xnm EUV mask inspection.
Information-Adaptive Denoising for Iterative PET Reconstruction (2019)

Quantitative accuracy and thus diagnostic precision in Emission Tomography is impaired by the inherent random characteristics of the data acquisition leading to statistical image noise. Edge preserving spatial variation regularized iterative image reconstruction approaches require case-specific control parameter adaptation for optimized contrast-vs-noise tradeoff. For MLEM reconstruction, we propose and evaluate iRDF which automatically adapts RDP edge preservation parameters according to local image noise and PET data characteristics. In order to distinguish between clustered noise spots and small tumors, we introduce hot-spot artifact correction. The proposed method was evaluated using NEMA IQ phantom data as well as clinical patient data. After initial iRDF base parameter tuning, results showed that iRDF maintained similar image quality regardless of statistics without requiring manual parameter tuning, in contrast to e.g. RDP. With NEMA-IQ phantom data, local image variance was reduced to ~33%, while contrast of small spheres could be mostly preserved compared to nonregularized OSEM. Using a quarter of the originally acquired list-mode data, a noise decreased to ~22% while SUV-max has been reduced to ~75% of OSEM-based results. NEMA phantom and clinical data showed improved signal-recovery-to-noise ratios, leading to an overall ~3 times higher feature detectability especially in small lesions. Finally, the processed examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed hot-pixel artefact correction. The proposed auto-adaptive iRDF regularization demonstrates high potential to reduce the burden of prior parameter tuning. It realizes a trade-off between feature contrast and image noise on both local and global scale. According to increased noise robustness at different count statistics, iRDF can be considered an interesting alternative especially for low-dose PET imaging applications.