gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of speaker personality traits recognition in conversational and broadcast news speech (2013)

Natural human-computer interaction requires, in addition to understand what the speaker is saying, recognition of behavioral descriptors, such as speaker’s personality traits (SPTs). The complexity of this problem depends on the high variability and dimensionality of the acoustic, lexical and situational context manifestations of the SPTs. In this paper, we present a comparative study of automatic speaker personality trait recognition from speech corpora that differ in the source speaking style (broadcast news vs. conversational) and experimental context. We evaluated different feature selection algorithms such as information gain, relief and ensemble classification methods to address the high dimensionality issues. We trained and evaluated ensemble methods to leverage base learners, using three different algorithms such as SMO (Sequential Minimal Optimization for Support Vector Machine), RF (Random Forest) and Adaboost. After that, we combined them using majority voting and stacking methods. Our study shows that, performance of the system greatly benefits from feature selection and ensemble methods across corpora.
Pathological classification of human iPSC-derived neural stem/progenitor cells towards safety assessment of transplantation therapy for CNS diseases (2016)

The risk of tumorigenicity is a hurdle for regenerative medicine using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Although teratoma formation is readily distinguishable, the malignant transformation of iPSC derivatives has not been clearly defined due to insufficient analysis of histology and phenotype. In the present study, we evaluated the histology of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) generated from integration-free human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived iPSCs (iPSC-NSPCs) following transplantation into central nervous system (CNS) of immunodeficient mice. We found that transplanted iPSC-NSPCs produced differentiation patterns resembling those in embryonic CNS development, and that the microenvironment of the final site of migration affected their maturational stage. Genomic instability of iPSCs correlated with increased proliferation of transplants, although no carcinogenesis was evident. The histological classifications presented here may provide cues for addressing potential safety issues confronting regenerative medicine involving iPSCs.
Pre-clinical development of cell culture (Vero)-derived H5N1 pandemic vaccines (2008)

The rapid spread of avian influenza (H5N1) and its transmission to humans has raised the possibility of an imminent pandemic and concerns over the ability of standard influenza vaccine production methods to supply sufficient amounts of an effective vaccine. We report here on a robust and flexible strategy which uses wild-type virus grown in a continuous cell culture (Vero) system to produce an inactivated whole virus vaccine. Candidate vaccines based on clade 1 and clade 2 influenza H5N1 strains, produced at a variety of manufacturing scales, were demonstrated to be highly immunogenic in animal models without the need for adjuvant. The vaccines induce cross-neutralising antibodies and are protective in a mouse challenge model not only against the homologous virus but against other H5N1 strains, including those from other clades. These data indicate that cell culture-grown, whole virus vaccines, based on the wild-type virus, allow the rapid high-yield production of a candidate pandemic vaccine.
Haplotype analysis of Japanese families with a superficial variant of granular corneal dystrophy: evidence for multiple origins of R124L mutation of kerato-epithelin (2000)

(2000). Haplotype analysis of Japanese families with a superficial variant of granular corneal dystrophy: evidence for multiple origins of R124L mutation of kerato-epithelin. Ophthalmic Genetics: Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 63-65.
Application of HPLC method using normal phase column in a comparative pharmacokinetic study of two sulpiride tablet formulations (2020)

An HPLC method using normal phase column eluted with an aqueous solvent and detected by fluorescence was applied to analyze sulpiride concentrations in plasma samples obtained from a comparative pharmacokinetic study. This comparative study was conducted to determine the bioequivalence of two tablet products (Dogmatyl and Sulpin) containing sulpiride on 12 normal healthy Chinese male volunteers in a single-dose, two-period, two-sequence, two-treatment crossover design. The pharmacokinetic parameters, AUC 0-last, AUC 0-inf, and C max, were calculated from plasma data and compared using the SAS General Linear Model computer program. A two one-sided t distribution test was also performed, as well as the 90% confidence interval method, to determine the mean difference of these three pharmacokinetic parameters. The results suggest that these two sulpiride tablet products are bioequivalent when orally administered in a 400 mg single dose of two tablets.
Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids Do Not Change Resistance of Rat Brain or Liver Mitochondria to<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Ca</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>2</mml:mtext><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>and/or Prooxidants (2012)

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) block apoptotic neuronal cell death and are strongly neuroprotective in acute and chronic neurodegeneration. Theoretical considerations, indirect data, and consideration of parsimony lead to the hypothesis that modulation of mitochondrial pathway(s) underlies at least some of the neuroprotective effects of n-3 PUFAs. We therefore systematically tested this hypothesis on healthy male FBFN1 rats fed for four weeks with isocaloric, 10% fat-containing diets supplemented with 1, 3, or 10% fish oil (FO). High resolution mass spectrometric analysis confirmed expected diet-driven increases in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6, n-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5, n-3) in sera, liver and nonsynaptosomal brain mitochondria. We further evaluated the resistance of brain and liver mitochondria to Ca(2+) overload and prooxidants. Under these conditions, neither mitochondrial resistance to Ca(2+) overload and prooxidants nor mitochondrial physiology is altered by diet, despite the expected incorporation of DHA and EPA in mitochondrial membranes and plasma. Collectively, the data eliminate one of the previously proposed mechanism(s) that n-3 PUFA induced augmentation of mitochondrial resistance to the oxidant/calcium-driven dysfunction. These data furthermore allow us to define a specific series of follow-up experiments to test related hypotheses about the effect of n-3 PUFAs on brain mitochondria.
Capacity bounds and code designs for cooperative diversity (2006)

Cooperative diversity is a novel technique for conveying information in wireless networks, where closely located single-antenna network nodes cooperatively transmit and/or receive by forming virtual antenna arrays. For the simplest cooperative setup with two transmitters and two receivers, we first present the latest advances made in determining the theoretical capacity bounds and point out the important roles of coding with side information in achieving the lower bounds on the capacity region. We then focus on practical code designs and describe two coding schemes: one for receiver cooperation based on Wyner-Ziv coding; another for transmitter cooperation based on dirty-paper coding. The two designs perform close to the theoretical bounds and show the gains of cooperative communications predicted by theory.
Guest Editorial Special Issue on Enabling a Smart City: Internet of Things Meets AI (2019)

Future cities are to be not only an intelligent and green living environment but also provide human-centered public services at a lower cost. The Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) are two cornerstone technologies enabling the smart city concept, which are fusing into an organic whole in recent years. Some particular joint points where IoT meets AI are intelligent IoT devices, smart sensing boosted by AI, and IoT big data mining with AI. Such “IoT meets AI” trend is already casting significant impact to enable a smart city. Some examples are: smartphones are able to learn the touching pattern of users; home Wi-Fi router can intelligently detect and locate an intruder; vehicles locations and movement information can be exploited for traffic control; video cameras installed in the street can perform face recognition locally.
Control of Modular Multilevel Converter With Parallel Connectivity—Application to Battery Systems (2016)

This paper presents a multiobjective real-time controller for a modular multilevel converter capable of parallel module connectivity, the so-called modular multilevel series parallel converter (MMSPC). The MMSPC topology allows the batteries to be dynamically rewired in various series-parallel configurations, generating a wide range of output voltage levels. The novel control method parallelizes the modules to balance their voltages without the need for individual module voltage monitoring. Additionally, the controller optimizes across the large number of feasible system configurations to minimize switching and conduction losses. Finally, the controller efficiently encodes the system configuration with module interconnection states rather than the module switch states, which substantially simplifies control. Furthermore, this work experimentally validates the MMSPC topology and concept. In the prototype, the parallel mode reduced the system losses at 5 kW output power by 18% and 24% for load power factors of 1.0 and 0.8, respectively. Sensorless balancing via parallelization maintained well-matched module voltages (standard deviation = 0.045 V) over a 5-h battery discharge with highly variable load current. The reduced conduction losses and simple balancing capability of the MMSPC can enable new applications at medium and low voltages that benefit from its high-quality output, elimination of filtering magnetics, fast response, and modularity.
Pharmacoinvasive Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (2005)

This reference collects the latest scientific evidence illustrating the increasing importance of pharmacoinvasive therapy in the treatment of ST elevation acute myocardial infarction-tracking the origins, evolution, and limitations of current treatment methods and highlighting new clinical trial data showcasing the potential of the combined treatme
Synapsin Is a Novel Rab3 Effector Protein on Small Synaptic Vesicles (2004)

Synapsins, a family of neuron-specific phosphoproteins that play an important role in the regulation of synaptic vesicle trafficking and neurotransmitter release, were recently demonstrated to interact with the synaptic vesicle-associated small G protein Rab3A within nerve terminals (Giovedi, S., Vaccaro, P., Valtorta, F., Darchen, F., Greengard, P., Cesareni, G., and Benfenati, F. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279, 43760-43768). We have analyzed the functional consequences of this interaction on the biological activities of both proteins and on their subcellular distribution within nerve terminals. The presence of synapsin I stimulated GTP binding and GTPase activity of both purified and endogenous synaptic vesicle-associated Rab3A. Conversely, Rab3A inhibited synapsin I binding to F-actin, as well as synapsin-induced actin bundling and vesicle clustering. Moreover, the amount of Rab3A associated with synaptic vesicles was decreased in synapsin knockout mice, and the presence of synapsin I prevented RabGDI-induced Rab3A dissociation from synaptic vesicles. The results indicate that an interaction between synapsin I and Rab3A exists on synaptic vesicles that modulates the functional properties of both proteins. Given the well recognized importance of both synapsins and Rab3A in synaptic vesicles exocytosis, this interaction is likely to play a major role in the modulation of neurotransmitter release.
Shape-Dependent Light Scattering Properties of Subwavelength Silicon Nanoblocks (2015)

We explore the shape-dependent light scattering properties of silicon (Si) nanoblocks and their physical origin. These high-refractive-index nanostructures are easily fabricated using planar fabrication technologies and support strong, leaky-mode resonances that enable light manipulation beyond the optical diffraction limit. Dark-field microscopy and a numerical modal analysis show that the nanoblocks can be viewed as truncated Si waveguides, and the waveguide dispersion strongly controls the resonant properties. This explains why the lowest-order transverse magnetic (TM01) mode resonance can be widely tuned over the entire visible wavelength range depending on the nanoblock length, whereas the wavelength-scale TM11 mode resonance does not change greatly. For sufficiently short lengths, the TM01 and TM11 modes can be made to spectrally overlap, and a substantial scattering efficiency, which is defined as the ratio of the scattering cross section to the physical cross section of the nanoblock, of ∼9.95, approaching the theoretical lowest-order single-channel scattering limit, is achievable. Control over the subwavelength-scale leaky-mode resonance allows Si nanoblocks to generate vivid structural color, manipulate forward and backward scattering, and act as excellent photonic artificial atoms for metasurfaces.
Microwave energy: a versatile tool for the biosciences (2007)

As the range of techniques for microwave heating has expanded, so have the areas in which it can have a profound impact. Two emerging areas are the application of microwave heating for the synthesis of peptides, peptoids, oligopeptides and carbohydrates and in the field of proteomics.
Transplacental innate immune training via maternal microbial exposure: the XBP1-ERN1 axis in programming dendritic cell precursors (2019)

Abstract We recently reported that the offspring of mice treated during pregnancy with the microbial-derived immunomodulator OM-85 manifest striking resistance postnatally to allergic airways inflammation, and localised the potential treatment target to the fetal cDC progenitor compartment which expands to increase the pool of precursors available at birth, enabling accelerated postnatal seeding of the lung mucosal cDC network required for establishment of immunological homeostasis in the airways. Here, we profile maternal OM-85 treatment-associated transcriptomic signatures in fetal bone marrow, and identify a series of immunometabolic pathways which provide essential metabolites for accelerated myelopoiesis, that are hallmarks of classical “immune training”. In addition, the cDC progenitor compartment displayed treatment-associated activation of the XBP1-ERN1 signalling axis which has previously been shown to be essential for tissue survival of cDC, particularly within the lung microenvironment. Our forerunner studies indicate uniquely rapid turnover of airway mucosal cDCs at baseline, with further large-scale upregulation of population dynamics during aeroallergen and/or pathogen challenge. XBP1-ERN1 signalling plays a key role in mitigation of ER stress-associated toxicity which frequently accompanies DC hyper-activation during intense immunoinflammatory responses, and we suggest that enhanced capacity for XBP1-ERN1-dependent cDC survival within the airway mucosal tissue microenvironment may be a crucial element of the OM-85-mediated transplacental “innate immune training” process which results in enhanced resistance to airway inflammatory disease during the high-risk early postnatal period.
Effects of power per pulse on reactive HiPIMS deposition of ZrO2 films: A time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy study (2019)

Time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy was carried out during controlled reactive high-power impulse magnetron sputtering of ZrO2 films in argon–oxygen gas mixtures. The effects of increased target power density (up to 3.0 kW cm−2) applied in voltage pulses shortened from 200 to 50 μs were studied at a nearly constant deposition-averaged target power density (close to 50 W cm−2) and a fixed repetition frequency of 500 Hz. The trends in time evolution of the local ground-state densities of Zr, Ar, and O atoms and that of the Zr+, Zr2+, Ar+, and O+ ions during a voltage pulse were deduced from the time evolution of the corresponding excited-state populations and the excitation temperature. It was found that the sputtered Zr atoms are much more ionized (with a high fraction of Zr2+ ions) and the Ar atom density is more decreased near the target during the shorter (50 μs) high-power pulses. These shorter pulses produce a four times higher pulse-averaged target power density oscillating between 1.7 and 2.1 kW cm−2 during deposition. Under these conditions, much higher densities of O atoms and Zr2+ ions were measured in the plasma bulk. The higher backward flux of the Zr+ and Zr2+ ions onto the target during this high-power discharge regime contributed significantly to a 34% decrease in the efficiency of the magnetron sputter deposition of ZrO2 films.
Trunk Kinematics During Locomotor Activities (1992)

We investigated upper-body (ie, trunk) angular kinematics (motions) during gait, stair climbing and descending, and rising from a chair in two reference frames--relative to the pelvis and to room coordinates. Bilateral kinematic data were collected from 11 healthy subjects (6 female, 5 male), who were 27 to 88 years of age (mean = 58.9, SD = 17.9). During stair climbing, maximum trunk flexion relative to the room was at least double that during stair descending and gait. Arising from a chair required the most trunk flexion/extension range of motion (ROM) but the least abduction/adduction and medial/lateral (internal/external) rotation. Trunk ROM during gait was small (mean less than or equal to 12 degrees) and consistent with previous literature. Trunk range of motion relative to the room during stair climbing and descending was greater than trunk ROM during gait in all planes. The pelvis and trunk rotate in the transverse plane in greater synchrony during stair descending (mean = 8.1 degrees, SD = 5.6 degrees) than during gait (mean = 12.0 degrees, SD = 4.2 degrees). For all activities, trunk frontal and sagittal ROM relative to the pelvis was greater than that relative to the room coordinates. This finding suggests that trunk/pelvis coordination may be used to reduce potentially destabilizing anti-gravity trunk motions during daily activities. We conclude that upper-body kinematics relative to both pelvis and gravity during daily activities are important to locomotor control and should be considered in future studies of patients with locomotor disabilities.
Camptothecin Production by In Vitro Cultures and Plant Regeneration in Ophiorrhiza Species (2009)

Camptothecin derivatives are clinically used for the treatment of various human cancers. These derivatives are semi-synthesized from camptothecin which is isolated from the extracts of Camptotheca acuminata and Nothapodytes foetida. For the feasible production of camptothecin, the protocols for the tissue cultures of Ophiorrhiza species, O. pumila, O. liukiuensis and O. kuroiwai, have been established. The established aseptic plants and hairy roots produced camptothecin, and O. pumila hairy roots accumulated highest amount of camptothecin. Furthermore, we have established methods of plant regeneration from O. pumila hairy roots.
Carbohydrate Chemistry (1996)

Carbohydrate Chemistry provides review coverage of all publications relevant to the chemistry of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides in a given year. The amount of research in this field appearing in the organic chemical literature is increasing because of the enhanced importance of the subject, especially in areas of medicinal chemistry and biology. In no part of the field is this more apparent than in the synthesis of oligosaccharides required by scientists working in glycobiology. Clycomedicinal chemistry and its reliance on carbohydrate synthesis is now very well established, for example, by the preparation of specific carbohydrate- based antigens, especially cancer-specific oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. Coverage of topics such as nucleosides, amino-sugars, alditols and cyclitols also covers much research of relevance to biological and medicinal chemistry. Each volume of the series brings together references to all published work in given areas of the subject and serves as a comprehensive database for the active research chemist Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading authorities in the relevant subject areas, the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, with regular, in-depth accounts of progress in particular fields of chemistry. Subject coverage within different volumes of a given title is similar and publication is on an annual or biennial basis.
Expression of K channels in <i>Xenopus laevis</i> oocytes injected with poly(A<sup>+</sup>) mRNA from the insulin‐secreting β‐cell line, HIT T15 (1988)

Two types of exogenous K channel were identified in Xenopus laevis oocytes injected with poly(A+) mRNA from the insulin-secreting cell line HIT T15. One of these was the ATP-regulated K channel (G channel) as evidenced by its conductance and inhibition by tolbutamide. The other resembled the Ca-activated K channel from beta-cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium Pincer Complexes: Synthesis and Catalytic Applications (2015)

Abstract Review: [183 refs.
Inducible CRISPR genome editing platform in naive human embryonic stem cells reveals JARID2 function in self-renewal (2018)

To easily edit the genome of naïve human embryonic stem cells (hESC), we introduced a dual cassette encoding an inducible Cas9 into the AAVS1 site of naïve hESC (iCas9). The iCas9 line retained karyotypic stability, expression of pluripotency markers, differentiation potential, and stability in 5iLA and EPS pluripotency conditions. The iCas9 line induced efficient homology-directed repair (HDR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) based mutations through CRISPR-Cas9 system. We utilized the iCas9 line to study the epigenetic regulator, PRC2 in early human pluripotency. The PRC2 requirement distinguishes between early pluripotency stages, however, what regulates PRC2 activity in these stages is not understood. We show reduced H3K27me3 and pluripotency markers in JARID2 2iL-I-F hESC mutants, indicating JARID2 requirement in maintenance of hESC 2iL-I-F state. These data suggest that JARID2 regulates PRC2 in 2iL-I-F state and the lack of PRC2 function in 5iLA state may be due to lack of sufficient JARID2 protein.
Top-down image segmentation using object detection and contour relaxation (2003)

A novel segmentation technique that starts with the whole image being a single region is presented. First, an object detection scheme, which marks those locations where local statistics deviate significantly from the overall statistics, provides location and approximate shapes of the major objects (regions) in the scene. Exact boundaries are subsequently obtained by a contour relaxation algorithm, which includes a general model for typical region shapes. Object detection and contour relaxation are repeated recursively until a stable segmentation result is achieved. Segmentation results are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>