gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Localization from the unique intensity gradient of an orbital-angular-momentum beam (2017)

We propose and simulate the use of the unique intensity gradient of beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) for tracking and localization of an object. We design a three-pixel detector structure to efficiently determine the intensity gradient of an OAM beam. The resultant intensity gradient is then used to calculate the offset direction and distance of the target object from the center of the OAM beam. Our simulation results indicate the following: (i) an OAM-based localization system can have a stronger control signal than the one generated from a Gaussian beam; (ii) an OAM+2 beam may generate a ∼5× stronger localization feedback signal but operates over half the target capture area as an OAM+1 beam; and (iii) our scheme will generally have two orders of magnitude lower accuracy but ∼2× larger coverage area as the distance from the beam emitter to the target increases from 200 to 1000 m.
Chiral organometallic reagents, IV. Stereoselective formation of β‐silyloxy‐α‐bromoalkyllithium compounds (1991)

Abstract The diastereomeric carbenoids 4 have been generated by diastereoselective (84:16) exchange of the diastereotopic bromine atoms in the dibromo compound 3 for lithium at −120°C. The implication of the observed diastereoselectivity for the Nozaki ring‐expansion method is discussed.
Dynamic and Meta-Context Switching for Gaze-Based Interaction (2015)

In this paper we investigate the performance of a gaze-based interaction system that combines Dynamic Context Switching and Meta-Context Switching. These methods are extensions of the Context Switching interaction paradigm. The original context switching idea uses fixed-size contexts. Each context carries the same information, so the user can browse freely within a context without worrying about the Midas touch problem. A saccade to the other context triggers the selection of the item under focus. Dynamic context switching dynamically adjusts the size of a context to improve its useful area, where the context that has the user focus is displayed in full size and the other is minimized. Meta-context switching uses meta-keys to allow the user to escape from the current task and select other contexts or change the operation mode. We have designed and conducted two user experiments to evaluate these new gaze interaction techniques and compare them with selection by dwell time in a search task. The task required browsing through several pages using meta-keys. The experimental results show that dynamic context switching improves user performance when compared to fixed-size context switching and do not cause disorientation. The error rate was significantly higher for dwell time due to the Midas touch problem, although the time spent to complete the task was similar for dwell time and dynamic context switching.
Iris biometrics for embedded systems (2017)

Embedded systems are becoming widespread nowadays. We can find these systems in many applications, as part of bigger systems but as well as standalone systems. Designed for the increasing necessity of access control, many implementations of iris biometrics systems are being carried out in embedded systems. This chapter is focused on such developments, and therefore is structured as follows: first an introduction to embedded systems is made, to later describe some of the most common architectures of these systems and the design alternatives. After that, considering the particular case of an iris biometric system, detailed requirements are described. These requirements are divided into functionality and security requirements. Later on, state-of-the-art implementations according to different design alternatives are presented.
Millimeter-Wave 60 GHz Outdoor and Vehicle AOA Propagation Measurements Using a Broadband Channel Sounder (2011)

Millimeter wave (mm-wave) channel models for outdoor wireless systems with adaptive antennas are needed to exploit the massive bandwidths available at frequencies above 30 GHz. In this paper, we describe 60 GHz wideband propagation measurements in cellular peer-to-peer outdoor environments and in-vehicle scenarios. We present a channel sounder that operates at 38 and 60 GHz with a passband bandwidth of 1.9 GHz. The channel sounder provides sub-ns RMS delay spread measurement resolution and angle-of-arrival (AOA) capabilities. AOA multipath measurements for cellular peer-to-peer communications in an outdoor campus setting show that in all measured locations, some non-Line of Sight (NLOS) antenna orientations can exploit beamforming to create links using scattering in the channel. Measurements using rotating directional antennas in NLOS antenna pointing scenarios found links with up to 36.6 ns RMS delay spread and an average propagation path loss exponent of 4.19, whereas LOS channels provided sub-nanosecond RMS delay spreads and an average path loss exponent of 2.23 (close to free space). Measurements into a vehicle showed similarities to outdoor peer-to-peer environments for LOS channels, but in NLOS situations there was significantly greater path attenuation due to the vehicle interior, vehicle body, windows, and passengers in the vehicle.
Control of spontaneous emission rate in Tamm plasmon structures (2018)

We have studied experimentally and theoretically spontaneous emission rate modification in Tamm plasmon structures with semiconductor(InAs/GaAs quantum dots) and organic (CBP) emitters. Time-resolved spectroscopy demonstrates that spontaneous emission rate is increased by one order in magnitude. Experimentally measured spontaneous emission pattern coincides with calculated dependence of modal Purcel factor on frequency and angle of emission.
Een zeldzame oorzaak voor het basaalcelnaevussyndroom (2017)

Basal cell nevus syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder. The most common underlying genetic cause is a mutation in de PTCH1 gene. Mutations in PTCH2 or SUFU gene are less common. In this case a 28 years old patient with basal cell nevus syndrome with a SUFU mutation is described. Patients with a SUFU mutation have an increased risk of developing a medulloblastoma at childhood. Due to the long-term side effects of radiation therapy, regular neurological assesment is recommended. Dermatologic examination was recommended yearly or every six months after developing the first basal cell carcinoma. Odontogenic keratocysts have not been described previously in patients with a SUFU mutation. For this reason, annual screening for jaw cysts is not indicated.
Curvature and torsion in growing actin networks (2008)

Intracellular pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes and Rickettsia rickettsii move within a host cell by polymerizing a comet-tail of actin fibers that ultimately pushes the cell forward. This dense network of cross-linked actin polymers typically exhibits a striking curvature that causes bacteria to move in gently looping paths. Theoretically, tail curvature has been linked to details of motility by considering force and torque balances from a finite number of polymerizing filaments. Here we track beads coated with a prokaryotic activator of actin polymerization in three dimensions to directly quantify the curvature and torsion of bead motility paths. We find that bead paths are more likely to have low rather than high curvature at any given time. Furthermore, path curvature changes very slowly in time, with an autocorrelation decay time of 200 s. Paths with a small radius of curvature, therefore, remain so for an extended period resulting in loops when confined to two dimensions. When allowed to explore a three-dimensional (3D) space, path loops are less evident. Finally, we quantify the torsion in the bead paths and show that beads do not exhibit a significant left- or right-handed bias to their motion in 3D. These results suggest that paths of actin-propelled objects may be attributed to slow changes in curvature, possibly associated with filament debranching, rather than a fixed torque.
3D diffuser lithography : a novel method to fabricate various rounded microstructures (2005)

In this work, we developed a novel method to fabricate various rounded microstructures by using simply a diffuser in the conventional lithography step (so-called 3D diffuser lithography). Using this method, we demonstrated circular as well as elliptical microstructures in a thick photoresist and PDMS microlens arrays. Furthermore, we obtained the high-density photoresist patterns formed by simply decreasing the spacing between the photoresist patterns, which was used for the high fill-factor microlens array. Also, various possible MEMS applications with rounded microstructures such as microswitches and microshutters were proposed.
(Invited) Texturization of MoS2 Surface to Enhance Catalytic Property of Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (2016)

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) has been gathered attention as a non-precious metal catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER); however, pristine MoS 2 (bulk mineral) is known to be a poor catalyst. The fundamental challenge to improving the catalytic performance of MoS 2 is to increase the density of active reaction sites on the surface of MoS 2 . Usually, the crystalline plane (0001) is inert to the HER whereas the edges of MoS 2 are active. In this presentation, we will show how our thermal texturization method improves the HER performance of MoS 2 using a simple annealing procedure in forming gas (hydrogen and nitrogen mixture). The annealed bulk MoS 2 shows a roughened surface including a higher density of edge sites. As a result, the catalytic performance of the annealed MoS 2 shows more 100 mV reduction of overpotential to obtain 10 mA/cm 2 of HER current density. We show that this treatment is generally applicable to many morphologies, including bulk, microflake, and nanoflakes of MoS 2 to use as an efficient HER catalyst. The simplicity of this procedure suggests this method would be scalable, and furthermore could be applicable for other chalcogenide-based 2D materials.
Treatment with direct oral anticoagulants in patients with upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (2017)

DOAC can be used in the treatment of UEDVT patients with acceptable efficacy and safety.
Macromol. Chem. Phys. 2/2018 (2018)

Front Cover: Atomic force microscopy topography (1 × 1 μm) and modulus map (125 × 125 nm) images reveal the rod-like morphology of hard domains in polycaprolactone-based segmented polyurethanes. The corresponding structural model shows these domains as parallel stacks of hard segments embedded in a soft polycaprolactone matrix. Further details can be found in article number 1700214 by Richard Chartoff* and co-workers.
A Gene Polymorphism within the Kinase Domain of BCR-ABL and Its Effects on Sensitivity to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. (2005)

Abstract Background: Point mutations that impair drug binding are the most important mechanism of acquired resistance to imatinib. Mutations within the ATP binding loop (P-loop) of BCR-ABL are associated with a poor prognosis in patients on imatinib. We have identified a single nucleotide polymorphism at position 247 (numbering according to ABL-B) that leads to the replacement of lysine by arginine. In CML patients, either the lysine or arginine allele of amino acid 247 becomes part of the BCR-ABL fusion gene. Due to its close proximity to the P-loop, we decided to investigate the allele frequency of K247R and whether the presence of the arginine allele affected sensitivity of Bcr-Abl to Abl kinase inhibitors. Patients and Methods: We investigated the frequency of the arginine allele of K247R in 157 patients with CML and 213 healthy blood donors by conventional sequencing, restriction enzyme digestion and single strand conformational polymorphism analysis. We used Abl autophosphorylation and substrate phosphorylation assays, immunoblotting and cellular proliferation assays to examine the influence of K247R upon imatinib and dasatinib sensitivity. Results: We found that frequency of the arginine allele of K247R was 1.6% in patients with CML and 0.2% in the controls (P = 0.11). In one patient analysis of CD3+ and CD33+ obtained at the time of complete cytogenetic response revealed the presence of K247R in both cell compartments, consistent with a polymorphism. Three out of 5 patients with the arginine allele of K247R expressed in BCR-ABL failed to achieve a major cytogenetic response to imatinib, suggesting reduced drug sensitivity. However, in vitro assays showed no alteration in sensitivity to imatinib or dasatinib compared to “wild type”. Conclusions: K247R is a rare polymorphism within the kinase domain of Abl. There is no evidence that K247R is more frequent in CML patients, and the presence of K247R does not affect drug sensitivity. It is important that clinicians are aware that K247R does not reflect a kinase domain mutation, and that its presence does not signal a need to change therapeutic strategy unless there are other signs of inadequate response to drug therapy.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Electrochemical Cleavage of N,N‐Dimethylaminosulfonyl‐Protected Indoles. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Anodizing behavior of magnesium in electrolyte containing organic solvent and water (2004)

Formation behavior and structure of newly established anodic films grown on pure magnesium and AZ alloys were studied in organic electrolyte containing 1 mol·dm−3 triethylamine/ethylene glycol solution with varying water content. The growth behavior and appearance of anodic films were significantly affected by water content. In the region between 10 and 30% of water content, compact barrier-type films were obtained both 99.6% Mg and AZ91D. The surface appearance of obtained films was transparent, which was different from those formed usually in aqueous solutions. In addition, these films possessed a high order of corrosion resistance. In the case of electrolyte containing water below 10% or 50%, the appearances were yellowish white and whitish gray, respectively. The composition of anodic films determined by FT-IR and GD-OES analysis showed the incorporation of organic substance into the anodic film. The amount of incorporated organic species increased with decreasing water content in the electrolyte.
beta-Hexosaminidase isozymes in human colonic carcinoma. (1977)

Isoelectric focusing of crude extracts demonstrated that human colonic carcinomas contained a higher proportion of beta-hexosaminidase B than beta-hexosaminidase A, while normal human colonic mucosa contained a higher proportion of the A form of the enzyme. Studies of the isolated isozymes showed that beta-hexosaminidase B was more stable to heat and more active at low pH than beta-hexosaminidase A. Kinetic studies revealed that the A and B forms of beta-hexosaminidase had essentially the same Km and Vmax for p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide.
Predictors of duloxetine response in patients with oxaliplatin-induced painful chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN): a secondary analysis of randomised controlled trial - CALGB/alliance 170601 (2015)

Duloxetine is an effective treatment for oxaliplatin-induced painful chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). However, predictors of duloxetine response have not been adequately explored. The objective of this secondary and exploratory analysis was to identify predictors of duloxetine response in patients with painful oxaliplatin-induced CIPN. Patients (N = 106) with oxaliplatin-induced painful CIPN were randomised to receive duloxetine or placebo. Eligible patients had chronic CIPN pain and an average neuropathic pain score ≥4/10. Duloxetine/placebo dose was 30 mg/day for 7 days, then 60 mg/day for 4 weeks. The Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form and the EORTC QLQ-C30 were used to assess pain and quality of life, respectively. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify demographic, physiologic and psychological predictors of duloxetine response. Higher baseline emotional functioning predicted duloxetine response (≥30% reduction in pain; OR 4.036; 95% CI 0.999-16.308; p = 0.050). Based on the results from a multiple logistic regression using patient data from both the duloxetine and placebo treatment arms, duloxetine-treated patients with high emotional functioning are more likely to experience pain reduction (p = 0.026). In patients with painful, oxaliplatin-induced CIPN, emotional functioning may also predict duloxetine response. ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier NCT00489411.
Cryptography as a Network Service (2000)

Cryptography is a powerful tool for building secure dis-tributed systems, albeit at substantial computational cost. This is especially true for public key cryptography. Con-ventional wisdom dictates that cryptography must be done locally in order to be secure. We argue for an approach in which public key cryptographic operations are provided as a network service. This service operates over long-lived associations secured by symmetric cryptography. This network architecture amortizes the cost of special-purpose cryptographic hardware across many users. We describe the implementation of such a system, and perfor-mance results we obtained. 1.
Supplementary Data from The Effect of Metformin in Treatment of Adenomas in Patients with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary tables and figures&lt;/p&gt;
Cardiac imaging: Comparison of two‐shot echo‐planar imaging with fast segmented k‐space and conventional gradient‐echo cine acquisitions (1995)

We compared the cardiac image quality of multishot echo-planar imaging (EPI), segmented K-space, and conventional cine acquisitions. Three techniques were used to obtain gated multiphase acquisitions of an axial section traversing both ventricles in 10 volunteers: two-shot EPI acquired nonsequentially over two heart beats breath-held; segmented K-space cine with eight K-space lines acquired per cardiac trigger over 16 R-R intervals, also breath-held; and 24 cine phases obtained over 256 R-R intervals. Intraventricular SNRs with two-shot EPI were superior to segmented K-space cine acquisitions (P < .005) and not statistically different from conventional cine acquisitions (P < .1). Intraventricular signal was most homogeneous on conventional cine images (P < .05). Coronary artery visualization and myocardial delineation were better on the EPI image set than on segmented K-space cine images (P < .05). Two-shot EPI provides high-quality gated cardiac images with an acquisition time of only 2 seconds.
Local optima in h<sup>∞</sup> produce a constant objective function (1987)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size *Work on this paper was partially supported by the National Science Foundation. Notes *Work on this paper was partially supported by the National Science Foundation.
Central Pain in the Absence of Functional Sensory Thalamus (1992)

Since the pioneering publication by Dejerine and Roussy, the thalamus has been commonly implicated in the pathogenesis of central pain. It is well known that cerebral lesions that spare the thalamus as well as both small and large ones within that structure produce similar pain syndromes, but could such pain develop if the thalamus were completely destroyed? CT scans of our patients suggested that it could. Moreover, exhaustive physiological explorations of the thalamus with macro- and microstimulation and microelectrode recordings in 2 more patients in whom CT scans suggested thalamic preservation despite massive suprathalamic infarcts, for the purpose of carrying out deep brain stimulation (DBS), revealed no evidence of ascending or descending diencephalic function. Their sensory examinations were similar to those of patients with congenital hemiatrophy who had undergone hemispherectomy. In 1 case, microstimulation of periaqueductal grey-periventricular grey (PAG-PVG) on the unaffected side of the brain induced the spectrum of responses correctly associated with these areas and during acute stimulation nearly abolished the patient's allodynia and hyperpathia. These observations suggest that processes occurring at a subdiencephalic level (or possibly ipsilaterally) may be involved in the generation of pain. Stroke-induced central pain remains a therapeutic dilemma for the pain surgeon, and the mechanisms underlying this pain state remain a mystery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Algorithms for Location-Independent Communication between Mobile Agents (2001)

We study the distributed infrastructures required for location-independent communication between mobile agents.These infrastructures are problematic: different applications may have very different patterns of migration and communication, and require different performance and robustness properties.Some applications also demand disconnected operation (on laptop computers).Algorithms must be designed with these mind.In this paper we describe simple algorithms and techniques such as a central server, forwarding pointers, broadcast, group communication, and hierarchical location directory, and use Nomadic Pict to develop and implement an example infrastructure.The infrastructure can tolerate site disconnection; a user can disconnect the computer from the network, work in a disconnected mode for extended periods, and later reconnect.All messages that cannot be delivered to a laptop or sent out from the laptop due to disconnection will be transparently delivered upon reconnection.
Tunable guided mode resonant gratings for passive and active devices: Si subwavelength MEMS structures and the combination with GaN film (2006)

We propose a tunable micro-laser using a guided mode resonant grating (GMRG). The GMRG is used for both cavity and periodic gain medium. In order to realize the proposed device, first, the passive GMRG suitable for the wavelength filtering was investigated. Rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) was used to design the grating. We found that the resonant reflection was obtained even in such structure that a single grating layer was suspended in the air. For tuning the wavelength of the GMRG, we propose the grating combined with a MEMS actuator. The GMRG combined with an electrostatic comb actuator was fabricated from SOI (silicon on insulator) wafer by Si micromachining. The period of the Si grating was varied form 600nm to 700nm. The peak of the reflectance shifted with the increase of the period in the visible and infrared region. In order to install the periodic gain structure in the Si MEMS, a monolithic fabrication of GaN device on Si substrate is studied. The GaN is a powerful material for the active optical devices in visible (especially blue) region. We studied the growth of GaN film on Si substrate using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Some basic characteristics of the GaN film grown on Si substrate were measured and analyzed. Furthermore, the self-suspended gratings with the periods around 500nm were fabricated form the GaN film grown on Si substrate.