gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A phase I/II study of PHY906 plus capecitabine (CAP) in patients (pts) with advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) (2008)

15538 Background: PHY906 is a formulation of traditional Chinese medicine botanicals: Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Ziziphus jujuba Mill., and Paeonia lactiflora Palla. Our preclinical studies have indicated that PHY906 has synergistic anti-tumor activity with CAP in PANC-1 cell lines (Saif MW. ASCO 2007) and is a potent inhibitor of NF-κB. Studies in other tumor types have shown that PHY906 may reduce chemotherapy-induced GI toxicities, especially diarrhea and does not alter pharmacokinetics of CAP. These data have prompted phase I/II evaluation of safety and tolerability of a dose intense wkly (7/7) schedule for CAP plus PHY906. Methods: During phase I study, pts with advanced solid tumors (ST) who failed standard therapy or for which no standard therapy exists, ECOG PS ≤ 2, and adequate organ function were enrolled. Pts received PHY906 800 mg BID (D1–4) with escalating doses of CAP (1,000 mg/m2 →1,250 mg/m2 → 1,500 mg/m2 → 1,750 mg/m2 BID on D1 -7) followed by 7 days rest, until MTD was reached. During phase II study, pts with gemcitabine-refractory APC will be enrolled. Toxicity was assessed per NCI CTCAE v3.0 and response per RECIST q 6 wks. Results: To date, 23 pts [18 M/5 F; median age of 64 yr; PS 0: 7; PS 1: 14; PS 2: 2] have received 100 cycles [median (range)- 5 (1–18)] with PHY906 in 4 CAP (7/7) escalation cohorts: 1,000 mg/m2 (n = 6), 1,250 mg/m2 (n = 3), 1,500 mg/m2 (n = 6), and 1750 mg/m2 (n = 8). Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was observed in 1 of 6 pts at 1,000 mg/m2 dose [grade 4 AST/ALT]. No DLTs were seen at higher doses. However, delayed toxicities were seen at 1,750 mg/m2. Therefore, additional 3 pts have been added at 1,500 mg/m2 before moving onto the phase II part. Delayed grade ≥ 3 toxicities included hand-foot syndrome (n=3), nausea (n=3), mucositis (n=1), diarrhea (n=2), and hyperglycemia (n=2). One pt with cholangiocarcinoma had PR at cycle 3 and 9 pts experienced SD lasting ≥ 6 weeks (7 pancreas; 2 colon). Conclusions: Combination of CAP and PHY906 has acceptable toxicity in pts with ST. Phase II study will assess efficacy and quality of life in gemcitabine-refractory APC pts. Correlative chemokine (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ) levels, as surrogates for NF- κB expression, will be quantified by Cytometric Bead Array to help elucidate PHY906 mode of action. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Phytoceutica Phytoceutica Phytoceutica
Improved optical model for resonant tunneling diode (1993)

The optical model to incorporate the effect of scattering is improved by using the energy dependent optical potential that is determined by experimental data on hot electrons. Using this model, the I−V characteristic of a resonant tunneling diode is calculated, and the calculated result explains experiments well. From this analysis it turns out that the valley current of the resonant tunneling diode is intimately related to the scattering rate of hot electrons in the well. As this model is easy to use and simple to interpret, it is quite suitable for simulation of device characteristics.
ChemInform Abstract: IMIDOSULFENYLHALOGENIDE (CF3)2C=N‐S‐X AUS THIAZYLHALOGENIDEN UND BIS(TRIFLUORMETHYL)DIAZOMETHAN (1975)

Abstract Aus Trithiazyltrichlorid und dem Diazomethan (II) entsteht nicht das durch Einschub des Carbens in die S‐Cl‐Bindung erwartete Ringsystem, sondern das Produkt (I) (Ausbeute 95%).
Towards Symbolic Model-Based Mutation Testing: Pitfalls in Expressing Semantics as Constraints (2012)

Model-based mutation testing uses altered models to generate test cases that are able to detect whether a certain fault has been implemented in the system under test. For this purpose, we need to check for conformance between the original and the mutated model. We have developed an approach for conformance checking of action systems using constraints. Action systems are well-suited to specify reactive systems and may involve non-determinism. Expressing their semantics as constraints for the purpose of conformance checking is not totally straight forward. This paper presents some pitfalls that hinder the way to a sound encoding of semantics into constraint satisfaction problems and gives solutions for each problem.
Collaborative clinical assay of the biological potency of allergen skin‐test extracts (1984)

A multicentre collaborative clinical trial has been made at one centre in each of six countries to decide if the potency of allergen extracts can be determined satisfactorily by skin-prick tests in man. Although there was considerable variation in potency of antigen when determined in different patients, if a sufficiently large group (n = 54) of persons were tested, it was shown to be feasible to compare potencies of sequential batches of the same specificity, and also of antigens of different specificities. It was shown that batches of mite extract were weaker than that of a grass pollen, but it proved to be a simple matter to adjust the concentration to give the same biological potency.
The Synthesis of Aminobenzothiazoles from 2,3-Biaryl-5-anilino-Δ<sup>3</sup>-1,2,4-thiadiazolines (2003)

Abstract 2-Amidinobenzothiazoles 4 can be prepared in high yields by a thermally-promoted rearrangement of thiadiazolium salts 1 or thiadiazolines 2. Addition of base to the rearrangement of the thiadiazolium salts can improve the yields by the prior conversion of the thiadiazolium salts to the corresponding thiadiazoline free bases. The rearrangement of the thiadiazolines may go through an electrophilic aromatic substitution or free radical pathway.
Utilization of Industrial Wastes in Low-Volume Roads (1999)

In recent years, applications of marginal materials, also called nontraditional (either natural or waste products), have been considered in road construction with great interest in many industrialized and developing countries. The use of nontraditional materials in road making is based on technical, economic, and ecological criteria. The lack of traditional road materials and the protection of the environment make it imperative to investigate marginal materials carefully. India has a large network of steel plants located in different parts of the country and many more are planned for the near future. Several million metric tons of iron and steel are produced in these plants. However, along with production of iron and steel, huge quantities of solid wastes like blast furnace slag and steel slag as well as other wastes such as flue dust, blast furnace sludge, and refractories are also being produced in these plants. The iron ores in India, although rich in iron content, are high in alumina content also and as such the volume of slag generated is very high. Normally production of 1 metric ton (1 Mg) of steel generates 1 Mg of solid waste. Although the steel industry slags have their own unique properties and are exploitable for road works, they have never been put to use on Indian roads because of a lack of scientific studies conducted on these materials, nonavailability of proper design and construction standards on them, and the absence of data about the long-term behavior of these materials. In the absence other outlets, these solid wastes have occupied several acres of land around plants throughout the country. Keeping in mind the need for bulk use of these solid wastes in India, it was thought expedient to test these materials and to develop specifications to enhance the use of slags in road making, in which higher economic returns may be possible. Exhaustive and detailed laboratory investigations have been carried out at the Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi, India, to develop suitable specifications for construction of low-volume roads. Based on laboratory investigation results, specifications were developed for construction of low-volume roads in different parts of the country. While specifications were being formulated, attempts were made to maximize use of solid wastes in different layers of the road pavement. Postconstruction pavement performance studies have clearly indicated that these waste materials can be used for construction of low-volume roads with twofold benefits: ( a) it will help clear valuable land of huge dumps of slags, and ( b) it will also help preserve the natural reserves of aggregates, thus protecting the environment.
Mass customization through training at Lutron Electronics (1993)

Lutron Electronics Company adopted a strategy of mass customization and became the leading producer of lighting controls in the United States. But only under duress.
Development and evaluation of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction for the detection of<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>from pulmonary specimens (2012)

This study demonstrated that the M-PCR assay is more sensitive than the IS6110-based PCR for the detection of M. tuberculosis in sputum specimens and could be applied in situations of highly suspected tuberculosis when all others tests including IS6110 PCR are negative.
Intraluminal release of PGE2 due to gastric perfusion of urethane-anaesthetized rats with hydrochloric or taurocholic acid. (1990)

We have measured the intragastric release of prostaglandin E2-like immunoreactivity (PGE2-li), pH changes and mucosal damage in response to gastric perfusion with hydrochloric or taurocholic acid at pH 1.5 in urethane-anaesthetized rats. Hydrochloric acid-perfusion caused a reversible decrease in pH values, no damage to the gastric mucosa and an intraluminal release of PGE2-li. Exposure to an ulcerogenic dose (25 mM) of taurocholic acid produced an intraluminal release of PGE2-li much higher than that of the non-ulcerogenic perfusion with hydrochloric acid. These findings indicate that intraluminal release of PGE2-li, thought to play a role as an endogenous antiulcer factor, can occur in response to a stimulus producing a significant damage of the gastric mucosa or to a mild irritant stimulus.
Membrane and nuclear estrogen receptor a collaborate to suppress adipogenesis but not triglyceride content (2015)

Estrogen and estrogen receptor (ER)-α suppress visceral fat development through actions in several organs via unclear mechanisms that we sought to identify. Using mice that express only nuclear ER-α [nuclear-only ER-α (NOER) mice] or plasma membrane ER-α [membrane-only ER-α (MOER) mice], we found that 10-wk-old mice that lacked either receptor pool showed extensive abdominal visceral fat deposition and weight gain compared with wild-type (WT) mice. Differentiation of cultured bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) into the adipocyte lineage was suppressed by 17-β-estradiol (E2) in WT female mice but not in NOER or MOER mice. This finding correlated with E2 inhibition of prominent differentiation genes in WT BMSCs. In contrast, triglyceride content in differentiated BMSCs or 3T3-L1 cells was suppressed as a result of membrane ER-α signaling through several kinases to inhibit carbohydrate response element-binding protein-α and -β. We concluded that extranuclear and nuclear ER-α collaborate to suppress adipocyte development, but inhibition of lipid synthesis in mature cells does not involve nuclear ER-α.
(Digital Presentation) High Energy Density Stable Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Enabled By 3D Bilayer Garnet Electrolytes (2022)

The cubic-garnet (Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , LLZO) Lithium-Sulfur battery (GLSB) shows great promise in the pursuit of achieving high energy densities. The sulfur used in the cathodes are abundant and inexpensive and possess high specific capacity. As well, LLZO displays excellent chemical stability with Li metal. By using unique porous/dense/porous LLZO “trilayer” and dense/porous LLZO “bilayer” architectures developed by our group, an exceptionally high areal current density of 10 mA/cm 2 in Li-Li symmetric cells without applied pressure was achieved. However, instability in the sulfur cathode/LLZO interface can cause cell performance issues. Therefore, it is critical to resolve the sulfur cathode/LLZO interfacial challenge to achieve stable cycling. Here, we created an innovative gel polymer (GPE) buffer layer to stabilize the sulfur cathode/LLZO interface. With a thin bilayer LLZO architecture as a solid electrolyte, stable cycling was achieved with a high initial discharge capacity of 1542 mAh/g corresponding to an energy density of 223 Wh/kg and 769 Wh/L under a discharge current density of 0.87 mA/cm 2 without applied pressure. Moreover, the addition of the GPE interlayer also allowed the GLSB cells to maintain an average discharge capacity of 1218 mAh/g over 265 cycles with 80% capacity retention at discharge current density of 1.74 mA/cm 2 under a sulfur loading of 5.2 mg/cm 2 at 22 (Figure 1). Achieving such stability is a major step in the development of commercial garnet lithium sulfur batteries. Figure 1
Corrigendum: Age-dependent microstructure alterations in 5xFAD mice by high-resolution diffusion tensor imaging (2022)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.964654.].
iLamps (2003)

Projectors are currently undergoing a transformation as they evolve from static output devices to portable, environment-aware, communicating systems. An enhanced projector can determine and respond to the geometry of the display surface, and can be used in an ad-hoc cluster to create a self-configuring display. Information display is such a prevailing part of everyday life that new and more flexible ways to present data are likely to have significant impact. This paper examines geometrical issues for enhanced projectors, relating to customized projection for different shapes of display surface, object augmentation, and co-operation between multiple units.We introduce a new technique for adaptive projection on nonplanar surfaces using conformal texture mapping. We describe object augmentation with a hand-held projector, including interaction techniques. We describe the concept of a display created by an ad-hoc cluster of heterogeneous enhanced projectors, with a new global alignment scheme, and new parametric image transfer methods for quadric surfaces, to make a seamless projection. The work is illustrated by several prototypes and applications.
Performance Evaluation of Cognitive Radios: Metrics, Utility Functions, and Methodology (2009)

Performance evaluation of cognitive radio (CR) networks is an important problem but has received relatively limited attention from the CR community. Unlike traditional radios, a cognitive radio may change its objectives as radio scenarios vary. Because of the dynamic pairing of objectives and contexts, it is imperative for cognitive radio network designers to have a firm understanding of the interrelationships among goals, performance metrics, utility functions, link/network performance, and operating environments. In this paper, we first overview various performance metrics at the node, network, and application levels. From a game-theoretic viewpoint, we then show that the performance evaluation of cognitive radio networks exhibits the interdependent nature of actions, goals, decisions, observations, and context. We discuss the interrelationships among metrics, utility functions, cognitive engine algorithms, and achieved performance, as well as various testing scenarios. We propose the radio environment map-based scenario-driven testing (REM-SDT) for thorough performance evaluation of cognitive radios. An IEEE 802.22 WRAN cognitive engine testbed is presented to provide further insights into this important problem area.
Looking Back, Looking Ahead (2009)

The <i>Journal of Biomedical Optics</i> (JBO) is a Gold Open Access journal that publishes peer-reviewed papers on the use of novel optical systems and techniques for improved health care and biomedical research.
&lt;title&gt;Review of x-ray collimators for x-ray proximity lithography&lt;/title&gt; (1999)

Simple arguments are given that elucidate the need for x-ray collimator optics in point source proximity lithography. Seven recent collimator optics deigns are briefly described. Three of these designs are described in greater detail: a flat mirror array developed by Xmetrics, Inc.; a polycapillary array developed by X-Ray Optical Systems, Inc.; and a scanning paraboloidal collimator developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. For the latter two collimators test results using the JMAR Technologies, Inc. laser plasma x-ray point source are given.
DVB‐S2X‐enabled precoding for high throughput satellite systems (2015)

Summary Multi‐user multiple‐input multiple‐output (MU‐MIMO) has allowed recent releases of terrestrial long‐term evolution (LTE) standards to achieve significant improvements in terms of offered system capacity. The publication of the DVB‐S2X standard and particularly of its novel superframe structure is a key enabler for applying similar interference management techniques –such as precoding– to multibeam high throughput satellite (HTS) systems. This paper presents results from the European Space Agency‐funded R&amp;D activities concerning the practical issues that arise when precoding is applied over an aggressive frequency re‐use HTS network. In addressing these issues, the paper also proposes pragmatic solutions that have been developed in order to overcome these limitations. Through the application of a comprehensive system simulator, it is demonstrated that important capacity gains (beyond 40%) are to be expected from applying precoding even after introducing a number of significant practical impairments. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Digital and analogue instrumentation: testing and measurement (2003)

A substantial update of his earlier IEE book, Modern Electronic Test and Measuring Instruments, the author provides a state-of-the art review of modern families of digital instruments. For each family he covers internal design, use and applications, highlighting their advantages and limitations from a practical application viewpoint.The book also treats new digital instrument families such as DSOs, Arbitrary Function Generators, FFT analysers and many other common systems used by the test engineers, designers and research scientists.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS WITH INDOLE DERIVATIVES. XXXVIII. CYCLOPROPANE REACTIONS IN THE INDOLE SERIES (1979)

Abstract Umsetzung des Lactams (I) oder (II) mit TFA/CH2C12 verläuft unter Spaltung des Cyclopropanringes zu dem Enamin (III), wobei (II) langsamer als (I)reagiert und bei Verminderung der Säurekonzentration nur Spuren von (III) liefert.
Balancing wind power with virtual power plants of micro-CHPs (2009)

Higher participation levels of wind power in power systems will increase the need for flexible back-up generation to balance the differences between predicted and realized wind power production. This is often an expensive solution. With distributed energy resources and more ICT at the demand side, novel, and possibly cheaper, ways for imbalance minimization arise. Micro combined heat-and-power (micro-CHP) is a novel domestic-level generation technology, producing heat and power simultaneously. Clusters of micro-CHPs can function as flexible virtual power plants (VPPs). This paper presents the design of an online coordination scheme that can substantially reduce the imbalance volumes and the associated costs for wind power traders by actively controlling a VPP comprising micro-CHP systems. It is shown that the imbalance volume and associated cost can be reduced by 73 % and 38 %, respectively.
Evidence of Phosphazene Steps Formation on InP by Cyclic Voltammetry Studies and XPS Analyses in Liquid Ammonia (-55°C) (2013)

In liquid ammonia (-55°C), a stable phosphazene like film has been already revealed on InP. This work reports, for the first time, the evidence of different stages of this film on InP in this relevant non aqueous solvent. These results were carried out by a fully coupled approach with cyclic voltammetry, capacitance measurements and XPS analyses.
Effect of Spark Plasma Sintering on Densification, Mechanichal Properties and Micro-structure of Alumina Ceramics. (1999)

Alumina ceramics were fabricated by spark-plasma-sintering (SPS) and hot-pressing at 1100 to 1600°C under 30 MPa for 5 min. The room temperature mechanical properties were measured. The SPS brought about dense alumina ceramics at a sintering temperature lower than that in the hot-pressing. The alumina ceramics obtained by SPS had strength, hardness and fracture toughness higher than those by hot-pressing. The alumina grains in the sintered bodies prepared by SPS grew larger than those by hot-pressing.
Murine γ-Herpesvirus 68 Induces Severe Lung Inflammation in IL-27–Deficient Mice with Liver Dysfunction Preventable by Oral Neomycin (2018)

IL-27 is an immunoregulatory cytokine consisting of p28 and EBI3. Its receptor also has two subunits, WSX1 and gp130. Although IL-27 promotes Th1 differentiation in naive T cells, it also induces IL-10 expression in effector Th1 cells to curtail excessive immune responses. By using p28-deficient mice and WSX1-deficient mice (collectively called IL-27-deficient mice), we examined the role of IL-27 in primary infection by murine γ-herpesvirus 68 (MHV68), a murine model of EBV. Upon airway infection with MHV68, IL-27-deficient mice had more aggravated lung inflammation than wild-type mice, although MHV68 infection per se was better controlled in IL-27-deficient mice. Although epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages were primarily infected by MHV68, interstitial macrophages and dendritic cells were the major producers of IL-27. The lung inflammation of IL-27-deficient mice was characterized by more IFN-γ-producing CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and fewer IL-10-producing CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells than that of wild-type mice. An infectious mononucleosis-like disease was also aggravated in IL-27-deficient mice, with prominent splenomegaly and severe hepatitis. Infiltration of IFN-γ-producing effector cells and upregulation of the CXCR3 ligand chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 were noted in the liver of MHV68-infected mice. Oral neomycin effectively ameliorated hepatitis, with decreased production of these chemokines in the liver, suggesting that the intestinal microbiota plays a role in liver inflammation through upregulation of these chemokines. Collectively, IL-27 is essential for the generation of IL-10-producing effector cells in primary infection by MHV68. Our findings may also provide new insight into the mechanism of hepatitis associated with infectious mononucleosis.