gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Programmed cell death ligand 1 <scp>d</scp>isruption by <scp>clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats</scp>/Cas9‐genome editing promotes antitumor immunity and suppresses ovarian cancer progression (2019)

Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on tumor cells suppresses anti-tumor immunity and has an unfavorable prognostic impact in ovarian cancer patients. We herein report the pathophysiological and therapeutic impacts of PD-L1 disruption in ovarian cancer. PD-L1 was genetically disrupted in the murine ovarian cancer cell line ID8 using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9-mediated genome editing. PD-L1 knockout (KO) and control ovarian cancer cells were intraperitoneally inoculated into syngeneic mice, and survival and tumor dissemination were evaluated. Survival times were significantly longer in the PD-L1-KO ID8-inoculated groups than in their control groups, and its therapeutic benefit was enhanced in combination with the cisplatin treatment. Tumor weights and ascites volumes were significantly lower in the PD-L1-KO ID8 groups than in their control groups. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses showed that intratumoral CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, NK cells and CD11c<sup>+</sup> M1 macrophages were significantly increased, whereas regulatory T cells were significantly decreased in the PD-L1-KO ID8 groups compared with those in their control groups. The intratumoral mRNA expression of interferon-γ, tumor-necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12a, CXCL9 and CXCL10 was significantly stronger, while that of IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor, CXCL1 and CXCL2 was significantly weaker in the PD-L1-KO ID8 groups. These results indicate that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated PD-L1 disruption on tumor cells promotes anti-tumor immunity by increasing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and modulating cytokine/chemokine profiles within the tumor microenvironment, thereby suppressing ovarian cancer progression. These results suggest that PD-L1-targeted therapy by genome editing may be a novel therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer.
Study on incidence of HIV and syphilis, retention rate and associated risk factors in a prospective cohort among men who have sex with men in Beijing (2010)

目前我国男男性行为人群(MSM)中HIV感染和梅毒的流行现状极为严峻[1-4],但极少见队列研究对新发感染和队列保持情况进行报道.本研究在北京市MSM人群中开展12个月的队列随访,在获得HIV和梅毒新发感染率数据的同时,深入探讨影响队列保持的因素和提高队列保持率的方法和策略。
Serial concatenation schemes for PSK waveforms vs. turbo codes (2012)

For radio communication systems, powerful error correction codes are necessary to operate in noisy and fading channel conditions. Iterative forward error correction schemes like Turbo codes can achieve near Shannon capacity performance on memory-less channels and also perform well on correlated fading channels. The key to the excellent decoding performance of the Turbo coding systems is the BCJR algorithm in conjunction with the iterative processing of soft information. A very popular modulation technique is Differential Phase Shift Key (DPSK) which is not only a simple non-coherent modulation and demodulation technique; it is also a recursive rate one code. Combining DPSK with a single convolutional code structure as an iterative inner outer forward error correction system can provide excellent Turbo like performance. Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation with Iterative Demodulation (BICM-ID), another powerful iterative technique achieves near Turbo code performance with significantly less mips. We will also introduce and compare with the latter systems yet another novel iterative scheme that utilizes coherent demodulation in conjunction with convolutional codes. This new system can easily be extended to higher order modulations such as 16 and 64 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) while only requiring modest amounts of processing power. Monte Carlo simulation results will be shown for the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channels.
All-optical high-speed modulation of THz transmission through silicon core optical fibers (2021)

High speed optical modulation of THz radiation is of interest for information processing and communications applications. In this paper infrared femtosecond pulses are used to generate free carriers that reduce the THz transmission of silicon based waveguides over a broad spectral range. Up to 96% modulation is observed from 0.5 to 7 THz in an optical fiber with a 210 µm diameter gold-doped silicon core. The observed carrier recombination time of 2.0 ± 0.2 ns makes this material suitable for high speed all-optical signal processing. These results show both enhanced modulation depth and reduced carrier lifetime when compared to the performance of a high resistivity float zone silicon rectangular guide with comparable cross sectional area.
Antisense <i>raf</i> Oligodeoxyribonucleotide Is a Radiosensitizer <i>In Vivo</i> (1999)

Raf-1, a cytosolic protein serine/threonine kinase, plays important roles in cell growth, proliferation, transformation, and cell survival. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the radiotherapeutic efficacy of a fully phosphorothioated and well-characterized antisense raf oligodeoxyribonucleotide (ODN) corresponding to the 3'-untranslated region of human c-raf-1 mRNA (ISIS 5132/5132). Using our recently developed liposome encapsulation of ODN approach, we first compared the pharmacokinetic parameters of a liposomal formulation of 5132 (LE-5132) and 5132. The peak plasma concentrations 5 minutes after ODN administrations (30 mg/kg i.v.) were 28.5 microg/ml and 13.5 microg/ml for LE-5132 and 5132, respectively. The decrease in plasma concentration of LE-5132 and 5132 followed a biexponential pattern, with initial distribution half-lives (t1/2alpha) of 34.8 minutes and 21.6 minutes, respectively. The terminal half-lives (t1/2beta) with LE-5132 and 5132 were 14.5 hours and 4.3 hours, respectively. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) was 5.8 times higher with LE-5132 than with 5132. Significantly higher intact ODN levels could be measured in most organs within 48 hours of administration of LE-5132 compared with 5132 (liver 18.4-fold, spleen, 31-fold, heart 3-fold, lungs 1.5-fold). In kidneys, the level was lower with LE-5132 (0.77-fold). LE-5132 composition, unlike 5132, did not affect clotting time in vitro. Significant decline in the level of Raf-1 protein was observed in vitro in relatively radioresistant human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells (SQ-20B) treated with LE-5132 compared with SQ-20B cells treated with equimolar concentration of 5132 or liposome-encapsulated mismatched 5132 (0.5 microM LE-5132, 71.3%+/-22.5%; 1.0 microM LE-5132, 79.6%+/-16.7%). In addition, LE-5132 appeared to be a more potent antitumor compound than 5132 (p < 0.001). These data established the suitability of LE-5132 for in vivo radiotherapeutic efficacy studies. Intravenous administration of LE-5132 into SQ-20B tumor-bearing athymic mice inhibited Raf-1 expression in tumor tissue compared with blank liposome-treated or untreated control groups. LE-5132 or ionizing radiation (IR) treatment alone caused significant but transient inhibition of SQ-20B tumor growth but not tumor regression. Remarkably, a combination of LE-5132 and IR treatments led to significant and sustained tumor regression for at least 27 days after the last treatment (< 0.001). Histopathologic examination of tumor samples revealed a significant proportion of cells containing fragmented chromatin in the LE-5132 + IR treatment group as compared with single agent and untreated control groups. These in vivo data support the notion that Raf-1 has proliferative and survival functions and advance the scientific and technologic bases for the use of antisense raf ODN in the management of radioresistant malignancies.
TRANSIENT RADIATIVE HEAT TRANSFER WITHIN A PARTICLE SUSPENSION UNDERGOING ENDOTHERMAL DECOMPOSITION - SHRINKING VS. NON-SHRINKING PARTICLES (2004)

A transient model coupling radiative transfer to chemical kinetics is examined for a non-isothermal, non-gray, absorbing, emitting, and Mie-scattering suspension of chemical reacting particles that are exposed to an external source of concentrated thermal radiation and undergo endothermic decomposition. The Monte Carlo and finite volume methods are applied for solving the mass and energy conservation equations. Two cases are considered: non-shrinking and shrinking particles. In the former case, radiation absorption is superior, resulting in a faster reaction rate. In the latter case, the radiative properties vary strongly with time as the reaction progresses. The reaction rate is slower because of the less efficient absorption as the size parameter decreases and the medium becomes optically thinner. Both cases are compared in terms of their temperature profiles and reaction extents.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I) and Silver(I) Homometallic Complexes of New Bis(2,2′‐ bipyridine) Ligands. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Self-Powered Triboelectric Optical Communication System for Wireless Human-Machine Interaction (2022)

We design a self-powered triboelectric optical communication (STOC) system for wireless and access code control for multifunctional human-machine interactions. A novel tribo-positive material composed of a metal-organic framework (MOF) decorated with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers is used to construct MP-TENG for a sustainable power source. The larger surface roughness of the PAN@MOF nanofibers contributes to an increase in the total amount of generated charges. The MP-TENG produces a peak power density of 1.91 Wm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−2</sup> at a 6 MΩ matching load. We demonstrate that the MP-TENG can establish a STOC system to wirelessly monitor home appliances and text messaging systems.
Introduction: Biology and New Technical Trends in Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur (2009)

In the early part of the new millennium, technique and implant improvements in orthopaedic traumatology have focused on minimally invasive surgical techniques and fixed-angle or locked plating. Meanwhile, during this period, improvements in both implants and surgical techniques for intramedullary nailing have also been recognized. The focus of this Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma supplement is to highlight the advances in implants, surgical techniques, and basic science research for intramedullary nailing of the femur. The slotted cloverleaf nails of Küntscher (Fig. 1) and the intramedullary implants of today share little more than outward appearance. Certainly, the development of interlocking screws has been a major step. Changes in implant design and instrumentation allow for easier insertion. New alternatives for proximal and distal interlocking screws provide additional stability for juxtaarticular fractures. Interlocking screws that are angle stable or attach to the nail optimize stability in unstable and/or osteoporotic fractures. Internal nail compression instrumentation and techniques allow for better adaptation of displaced fractures.FIGURE 1: Gerhard Küntscher, 1900-1972.Moreover, a more thorough understanding of the posttraumatic, hypoxemic, and immunologic changes has provided the ability to better plan the best timing for intramedullary fracture fixation. Also, an increasing body of research on the technical aspects of intramedullary nailing has provided new animal models for the study of fracture healing. Additionally, research directed toward maximizing functional recovery in terms of rehabilitation has improved patient outcomes. It is hoped that the advancements addressed in this supplement will contribute positively to the art and science of intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures. The authors would like to thank the Editor of the Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma for the opportunity to summarize the recent developments.
<i>Streptomyces</i>ATP Nucleotide 3′-Pyrophosphokinase–Gene Cloning and Sequence Analysis (1994)

Streptomyces ATP nucleotide 3'-pyrophosphokinase is an extracellular enzyme that transfers 5'-beta, gamma-pyrophosphoryl groups of ATP to a variety of nucleotides at the 3'-OH site. The enzyme gene was cloned from partially Sau3AI-digested chromosomal DNA of S. morookaensis in S. lividans TK24/pIJ699 and then in E. coli JM83/pUC12. Some transformants produced the active enzyme. The gene was sequenced by the dideoxynucleotide termination procedure. Its GC content was 72%. Its putative promoter regions, showing little homology to that of the Streptomyces consensus type, were pointed out. No sequence homology was found between the pyrophosphokinase and any other known genes including those of the most mechanistically similar bacterial stringent factor and related proteins. Northern hybridization analysis showed that the gene is constitutionally polycistronic and expressed under transcriptional control. Nuclease S1 mapping indicated that the gene transcription starts from its translation initiation site.
Ellagitannin Chemistry. Evolution of a Three-Component Coupling Strategy for the Synthesis of the Dimeric Ellagitannin Coriariin A and a Dimeric Gallotannin Analogue (2000)

The total synthesis of the dimeric ellagitannin coriariin A is reported. The key reaction to access the dimeric framework was realized early in the synthesis pathway via a bis acylation reaction of a dehydrodigalloyl diacid with 2 equiv of a glucopyranose trichloroacetimidate. The glucose rings were subsequently functionalized, culminating in a double oxidative cyclization to form stereoselectively both (S)-HHDP ester units. This bis acylation strategy was also employed to prepare a gallotannin analogue of coriariin A whose earlier synthesis by orthoquinone dimerization was plagued by yield-limiting side reactions.
Simple and ultrafast resonance frequency and dissipation shift measurements using a fixed frequency drive (2018)

A new method for determination of resonance frequency and dissipation of a mechanical oscillator is presented. Analytical expressions derived using the Butterworth-Van Dyke equivalent electrical circuit allow the determination of resonance frequency and dissipation directly from each impedance datapoint acquired at a fixed amplitude and frequency of drive, with no need for numerical fitting or measurement dead time unlike the conventional impedance or ring-down analysis methods. This enables an ultrahigh time resolution and superior noise performance with relatively simple instrumentation. Quantitative validations were carried out successfully against the impedance analysis method for inertial and viscous loading experiments on a 14.3 MHz quartz crystal resonator (QCR). Resonance frequency shifts associated with the transient processes of quick needle touches on a thiol self-assembled-monolayer functionalised QCR in liquid were measured with a time resolution of 112 μs, which is nearly two orders of magnitude better than the fastest reported quartz crystal microbalance. This simple and fast fixed frequency drive (FFD) based method for determination of resonance frequency and dissipation is potentially more easily multiplexable and implementable on a single silicon chip delivering economies of scale.
PAHs in Air Adjacent to Two Inland Water Bodies (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPAHs in Air Adjacent to Two Inland Water BodiesBrian. Gardner, C. Nicholas. Hewitt, and Kevin C. JonesCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1995, 29, 9, 2405–2413Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00009a037https://doi.org/10.1021/es00009a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
LOS Coverage Area in Vehicular Networks with Cox-Distributed Roadside Units and Relays (2023)

We develop an analytical framework to examine the line-of-sight (LOS) coverage area in vehicular networks with roadside units (RSU) and vehicle relays. In practical deployment scenarios, RSUs and vehicle relays are spatially correlated and we characterize this by employing Cox point processes to model the locations of RSUs and vehicle relays simultaneously. Leveraging the random blockage model, we model the LOS coverage area as Boolean models on these Cox point processes. The LOS coverage area is then evaluated by its area fraction. We show that relays can increase the area fraction of LOS coverage by nearly 50% even when RSUs and relays are spatially correlated. By presenting a stochastic geometry model for a vehicular network with RSUs and relays and then by providing a tool to capture its LOS coverage, our work assesses the viability of vehicle relays for modern vehicular networks exploiting LOS coverage.
&lt;title&gt;Sequential disinfection of E. coli O157:H7 on shredded lettuce leaves by aqueous chlorine dioxide, ozonated water, and thyme essential oil&lt;/title&gt; (2001)

There have been numerous studies on effectiveness of different sanitizers for microbial inactivation. However, results obtained from different studies indicate that microorganism cannot be easily removed from fresh cut vegetables because of puncture and cut surfaces with varying surface topographies. In this study, three step disinfection approach was evaluated for inactivation of E. coli O157:H7 on shredded lettuce leaves. Sequential application of thyme oil, ozonated water, and aqueous chlorine dioxide was evaluated in which thyme oil was applied first followed by ozonated water and aqueous chlorine dioxide. Shredded lettuce leaves inoculated with cocktail culture of E. coli O157:H7 (C7927, EDL 933 and 204 P), were washed with ozonated water (15 mg/l for 10min), aqueous chlorine dioxide (10 mg/l,for 10min) and thyme oil suspension (0.1%, v/v for 5min). Washing of lettuce leaves with ozonated water, chlorine dioxide and thyme oil suspension resulted in 0.44, 1.20, and 1.46 log reduction (log10 cfu/g), respectively. However, the sequential treatment achieved approximately 3.13 log reductions (log10 cfu/g). These results demonstrate the efficacy of sequential treatments in decontaminating shredded lettuce leaves containing E. coli O157:H7.
Reincorporación y retención de los trabajadores de edad en el mercado de trabajo: La contribución de la formación (2017)

Actualmente, uno de los colectivos en situacion de vulnerabilidad, riesgo de exclusion y fuertemente afectado por la situacion de crisis economica es el de personas de edad de mas de 55 anos. Su participacion activa e integral en la sociedad y en el mercado de trabajo deviene uno de los retos actuales en el marco de las politicas de empleo de la Union Europea, siendo el fomento de la educacion y la formacion permanente uno de sus principales ejes de accion sobre el que se articulan estas politicas.
La presente investigacion (Proyecto de I+D+I, del programa estatal de investigacion, desarrollo e innovacion orientada a los retos de la sociedad. El impacto de la normativa en el empleo de los trabajadores de edad. Evaluacion y propuestas de mejora. DER2013-41638-R), con el fin de obtener una aproximacion a la situacion socio-laboral de las personas mayores de 55, ha analizado la opinion de 16 personas trabajadoras mayores de 55 anos (en situacion de paro y en activo) y 11 representantes de la Administracion, patronal y agentes sociales del contexto catalan, mediante la aplicacion de entrevista y grupos de discusion. 
Los resultados evidencian que la edad es un factor discriminatorio ya que, especialmente los trabajadores, consideran que a partir de los 50 anos son laboral y socialmente infravalorados, debido a los prejuicios negativos inherentes. Ademas, tanto los trabajadores como las instituciones manifiestan la importancia de la formacion en la reinsercion y mantenimiento del trabajo en personas de +50. No obstante, para que la formacion sea efectiva como politica de ocupacion debe ajustarse a las necesidades del mercado de trabajo, del puesto de trabajo y estar orientada a potenciar la empleabilidad. Finalmente, entre las propuestas para prolongar la participacion laboral activa de los trabajadores de edad en el mercado de trabajo, se apuntan la jubilacion parcial y la reduccion o adaptacion de la jornada laboral, dos medidas que los participantes del estudio ven con recelo por la falta de apoyo de la administracion y la situacion de pobreza que podria crearse.
Macaques immunized with HLA-DR are protected from challenge with simian immunodeficiency virus (1995)

Macaques immunized with uninfected human cells have been shown to be protected from challenge with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) propagated in human cells. To identify the potential antigens involved in this protection, macaques were immunized with uninfected human cells, sucrose density gradient-purified culture fluid from uninfected human cells (mock virus), beta-2 microglobulin (beta 2M), immunoaffinity-purified HLA class I and class II proteins from these human cells, and adjuvant. Although all macaques immunized with beta 2M and HLA class I developed high antibody titers to beta 2M, these animals were not protected from a subsequent challenge with infectious SIV grown in human cells. In contrast, the macaques immunized with class II protein (HLA-DR) and mock virus developed antibodies to class II protein and were protected from the intravenous infectious virus challenge. The class II protein- and mock virus-immunized animals which were protected from challenge were given boosters of the appropriate antigen and challenged with the same SIV propagated in macaque cells. All animals became infected, indicating that the protection seen with human class II protein did not extend to protection from infection with SIV containing macaque class II proteins. Since the virus released from SIV-infected macaque cells would contain macaque class II proteins, our results suggest that the initial SIV infected was completely prevented. In addition, the lack of protection from challenge with SIV propagated in macaque cells provided strong evidence that the protection was due to an immune response to the cellular proteins and not to epitopes cross-reactive between class II proteins and the viral proteins, since the identical virus proteins were present in both challenge stocks. These results are the first demonstration that immunization with a purified cellular protein can protect from virus infection.
The Relation Between Magnesium Sulfate Therapy and Fetal Heart Rate Variability (1994)

Although magnesium sulfate therapy was associated with an objectively measured, statistically significant decrease in short-term variability, the decrease was not clinically significant; furthermore, it was not associated with a decrease in long-term variability or in the number of accelerations measured.