gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Algorithmic Approach for Learning a Comprehensive View of Online Users (2016)

Online users may use many different channels, devices and venues for any online user experience. To make all services such as web design, ads, web content, shopping, personalized for every user; we need to be able to recognize them regardless of device, channels and venues they are using. This, in turn, requires building up a comprehensive view of the user which includes all of their behavioral characteristics - that are spread all over these different venues. This would not be possible without having all behavioral related data of the user which requires the capacity of connecting the user all over the devices, and channels, so to have all of their behavior under a single view. This work is a major attempt in doing this using only behavioral data of users while protecting the user's privacy.
Probing the Mechanism of Prins Cyclizations and Application to the Synthesis of 4‐Hydroxytetrahydropyrans. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Adipogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alters Their Immunomodulatory Properties in a Tissue-Specific Manner (2017)

Chronic inflammation is associated with formation of ectopic fat deposits that might represent damage-induced aberrant mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation. Such deposits are associated with increased levels of inflammatory infiltrate and poor prognosis. Here we tested the hypothesis that differentiation from MSC to adipocytes in inflamed tissue might contribute to chronicity through loss of immunomodulatory function. We assessed the effects of adipogenic differentiation of MSC isolated from bone marrow or adipose tissue on their capacity to regulate neutrophil recruitment by endothelial cells and compared the differentiated cells to primary adipocytes from adipose tissue. Bone marrow derived MSC were immunosuppressive, inhibiting neutrophil recruitment to TNFα-treated endothelial cells (EC), but MSC-derived adipocytes were no longer able to suppress neutrophil adhesion. Changes in IL-6 and TGFβ1 signalling appeared critical for the loss of the immunosuppressive phenotype. In contrast, native stromal cells, adipocytes derived from them, and mature adipocytes from adipose tissue were all immunoprotective. Thus disruption of normal tissue stroma homeostasis, as occurs in chronic inflammatory diseases, might drive "abnormal" adipogenesis which adversely influences the behavior of MSC and contributes to pathogenic recruitment of leukocytes. Interestingly, stromal cells programmed in native fat tissue retain an immunoprotective phenotype. Stem Cells 2017;35:1636-1646.
Suppression of superconductivity due to spin imbalance in Co/Al/Co single electron transistor (2003)

Transport properties of ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic/ferromagnetic single electron transistors are investigated as a function of external magnetic-field, temperature, bias, and gate voltage. By designing the magnetic electrodes to have different switching fields, a two-mode device is realized having two stable magnetization states, with the electrodes aligned in parallel and antiparallel. Magnetoresistance of approximately 100% is measured in Co/AlOX/Al/AlOX/Co double tunnel junction spin valves at low bias, with the Al spacer in the superconducting state. The effect is substantially reduced at high bias and temperatures above the TC of the Al. The experimental results are interpreted as due to spin imbalance of charge carriers resulting in suppression of the superconducting gap of the Al island.
Role of the Ubiquitin Proteasome System in the Heart (2013)

Proper protein turnover is required for cardiac homeostasis and, accordingly, impaired proteasomal function appears to contribute to heart disease. Specific proteasomal degradation mechanisms underlying cardiovascular biology and disease have been identified, and such cellular pathways have been proposed to be targets of clinical relevance. This review summarizes the latest literature regarding the specific E3 ligases involved in heart biology, and the general ways that the proteasome regulates protein quality control in heart disease. The potential for therapeutic intervention in Ubiquitin Proteasome System function in heart disease is discussed.
Selection Table Development for Bridge Railing (2014)

Although six test levels have been available for 20 years to develop a longitudinal barrier, guidelines on how to choose bridge railings on the basis of specific site and traffic conditions have not been developed that take advantage of the range of crash-tested bridge railing hardware. The research reported in this paper was performed to develop such guidelines. During the guidelines’ development, several important issues emerged that quantified how the site, traffic, and cost characteristics of a project site should be characterized. This paper presents the issues and discusses the applied solutions. A sample set of bridge rail selection tables is presented with use of the solutions discussed, and the sample is compared with bridge railing selection tables documented in the literature. Although the specific example discussed in this paper involves the selection of bridge railings on the basis of site and traffic conditions, the same procedure can be used to develop most other roadside safety selection and location tables.
Learning Visibility for Robust Dense Human Body Estimation (2022)

Estimating 3D human pose and shape from 2D images is a crucial yet challenging task. While prior methods with model-based representations can perform reasonably well on whole-body images, they often fail when parts of the body are occluded or outside the frame. Moreover, these results usually do not faithfully capture the human silhouettes due to their limited representation power of deformable models (e.g., representing only the naked body). An alternative approach is to estimate dense vertices of a predefined template body in the image space. Such representations are effective in localizing vertices within an image but cannot handle out-of-frame body parts. In this work, we learn dense human body estimation that is robust to partial observations. We explicitly model the visibility of human joints and vertices in the x, y, and z axes separately. The visibility in x and y axes help distinguishing out-of-frame cases, and the visibility in depth axis corresponds to occlusions (either self-occlusions or occlusions by other objects). We obtain pseudo ground-truths of visibility labels from dense UV correspondences and train a neural network to predict visibility along with 3D coordinates. We show that visibility can serve as 1) an additional signal to resolve depth ordering ambiguities of self-occluded vertices and 2) a regularization term when fitting a human body model to the predictions. Extensive experiments on multiple 3D human datasets demonstrate that visibility modeling significantly improves the accuracy of human body estimation, especially for partial-body cases. Our project page with code is at: https://github.com/chhankyao/visdb.
HiPoLDS: A Security Policy Language for Distributed Systems (2012)

Expressing security policies to govern distributed systems is a complex and error-prone task. Policies are hard to understand, often expressed with unfriendly syntax, making it difficult to security administrators and to business analysts to create intelligible specifications. We introduce the Hierarchical Policy Language for Distributed Systems (HiPoLDS ). HiPoLDS has been designed to enable the specification of security policies in distributed systems in a concise, readable, and extensible way. HiPoLDS’s design focuses on decentralized execution environments under the control of multiple stakeholders. Policy enforcement employs distributed reference monitors who control the flow of information between services. HiPoLDS allows the definition of both abstract and concrete policies, expressing respectively high-level properties required and concrete implementation details to be ultimately introduced into the service implementation.
Association of Thrombectomy With Stroke Outcomes Among Patient Subgroups (2019)

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02586415.
Diffractive optical elements for numerical aperture expansion in retinal scanning displays (2000)

We present the design and fabrication of a diffractive element that increases the effective numerical aperture of a scanned retinal display. This enables a large exit pupil to be achieved in helmet-mounted applications.
Synthesizing Allenes Today (1982-2006) (2007)

Allenes have allowed chemists to access a variety of structurally interesting and biologically active products. The emergence of these unique compounds in organic synthesis is a direct result of the discovery and development of efficient protocols for their preparation. Moreover, efficient syntheses of the allenyl functionality are important to the synthetic community and will be reported and discussed in this review.
Exceptional Rate Enhancements and Improved Diastereoselectivities through Chelating Diamide Coordination in Intramolecular Alkene Hydroaminations Catalyzed by Yttrium and Neodymium Amido Complexes (2002)

Modification of the metal center in the complexes [Ln{N(TMS)2}3] (Ln=Y, Nd; TMS=trimethylsilyl) is readily achieved by amine elimination in the presence of sterically hindered chelating diamines to provide complexes with substantially augmented catalytic activities and improved stereoselectivities in intramolecular alkene hydroamination (see scheme).
High total dose irradiation experiments on fiber optic components for fusion reactor environments (1999)

Optical fiber technology is seriously considered for communication and monitoring applications during the operation and maintenance of future thermonuclear fusion reactors. Their environment is characterized, in particular, by possibly high gamma dose-rates and total doses up to 100 MGy. The feasibility of applying photonic technique in such intense radiation fields therefore needs to be assessed. Whereas many reports deal with the radiation behavior of a variety of fiber-optic devices, only little information is available on the radiation tolerance at high total dose (e.g. &gt; 1 MGy). We describe our recent results obtained at fiber-optic components intended for ITER (International thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) remote-handling applications. We have conducted high total dose (up to 15 MGy) irradiation experiments on a variety of COTS fiber- optic devices, including edge-emitting laser diodes, vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers, PIN photodiodes and single-mode optical fibers. A remarkably low radiation induced loss was obtained on a single-mode pure silica core optical fiber, whereas VCSELs confirmed their excellent radiation hardness. With the exception of photodiodes, the optical characteristics of selected fiber-optic devices seem to be able to cope with high total gamma doses. However, our results also indicate that radiation induced degradation of connector assemblies might limit their use in severe radiation environments.
Enhanced detection of infectious prions by direct ELISA from the brains of asymptomatic animals using DRM2-118 monoclonal antibody and Gdn-HCl (2018)

In this report we describe the use of a novel anti-prion monoclonal antibody (DRM2-118) for the direct detection of infectious prions by ELISA. Epitope mapping using overlapping hamster (SHa) prion peptides indicates DRM2-118 binding occurs between residues 93-100 and at the 3<sub>10</sub>-helix (residues 163-170) between alpha helix-A and -B. This antibody shows broad species binding to endogenous prions from brain homogenates and corresponding recombinant prion proteins. To evaluate the performance of this MAb for the detection of prion proteins we performed an animal time course and evaluated prion detection from both crude brain homogenates and lipid raft fractions (DRM) by direct ELISA. Prion detection was significantly enhanced by the addition of the chaotropic guanidine-HCl (Gdn-HCl) during protein immobilization with detection of PK-resistant prion from asymptomatic animal brains at (45-DPI) and from lipid rafts at (24-DPI). Our data demonstrates enhanced prion detection from brain lipid rafts of asymptomatic animals by a simple direct ELISA using the DRM2-118 MAb combined with Gdn-HCl.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Synthesis of Novel 2,7‐Dialkyl Substituted 5(S)‐Amino‐4(S)‐hydroxy‐8‐phenyl‐octanecarboxamides as in vitro Potent Peptidomimetic Inhibitors of Human Renin. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Structural Information from Ion Mobility Measurements:  Effects of the Long-Range Potential (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionStructural Information from Ion Mobility Measurements: Effects of the Long-Range PotentialM. F. Mesleh, J. M. Hunter, A. A. Shvartsburg, G. C. Schatz, and M. F. JarroldCite this: J. Phys. Chem. A 1997, 101, 5, 968Publication Date (Web):January 30, 1997Publication History Published online30 January 1997Published inissue 1 January 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jp963709uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jp963709ucorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views880Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of a portable mixer and feed delivery system (1991)

An on-farm mixer uniformity study was conducted to determine if feed could be properly mixed and maintained as it went through a bulk bin and conveying equipment over a distance of 180 ft. in a grower-finisher facility. A portable vertical mixer was tested and found to produced a uniformly mixed feed. Uniform feed was then conveyed from a bulk storage bin to feeders inside the facility. Samples were obtained from three different feeders and were tested for uniformity. Results indicate that feed remains uniform as it is conveyed and deposited in feeders over distances of 20, 80, and 180 ft.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1991
Development of an Electrophysiology (EP)‐Enabled Intracardiac Ultrasound Catheter Integrated With NavX 3‐Dimensional Electrofield Mapping for Guiding Cardiac EP Interventions (2007)

This new technology is a first step in the integration of ICE with EP procedures.
Heat treatment of a hot-work die steel (2007)

Purpose: This paper reports results of in-house experimentation and an exhaustive literature search on heat treatment of H13 tool steel. Heat treatment strategy practiced by the industry is described in detail. Effect of various types of heat treatment on fracture toughness and hardness is also analyzed. Design/methodology/approach: Because of its versatility and wide applications, aluminum has been dubbed as the metal of the millennium. Commercial extrusion of aluminum alloys is a cyclic hot-working process. The magnitude of the thermal and mechanical stresses generated in the die and relevant tooling is therefore a major factor in extrusion. The die and mandrel (used for hollow profiles) are the most important tools subject to wear and are, at the same time, the most highly stressed tools in extrusion. For reliability and durability of an extrusion die, the load carrying capacity of the tool steel, its high-temperature fatigue properties, and its wear resistance become critically important. To withstand large stresses, the steel should have high strength and toughness, and to resist wear it should have high hardness and surface integrity. This combination of high toughness and high hardness is usually achieved through specific heat treatment and surface hardening sequences. Findings: Toughness (expressed in terms of plane-strain fracture toughness KIC or Charpy impact energy CVN) and hardness (HRC) of H13 steel vary in a nonlinear manner against tempering temperature. Toughness shows a decreasing-increasing trend, while hardness exhibits an opposite increasing-decreasing pattern with increasing tempering temperature. Research limitations/implications: Optimum heat treatment strategy for commercial aluminum estrusion dies (H13 steel) appears to be tempering in the 525-550oC temperature range, to get the best combination of high toughness and high hardness Originality/value: Experimental data from closely monitored heat treatment and mechanical testing has been added to the available published data. Careful and judicious extrapolatiopn-intrapolatioon has also been carried out to complete the data matrices. Analysis of the resulting variation pattersns provideds a good scientific foundation for devising an optimal heat treatment strategy.
Metabolic fate of chylomicrons obtained from rats maintained on diets varying in fatty acid composition. (1991)

The importance of the fatty acid component in the metabolism of chylomicrons was demonstrated by feeding diets varying in fatty acid composition which resulted in chylomicrons of different sizes. On a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from safflower oil, chylomicrons of diameter 1853 +/- 192 A were harvested from the mesenteric lymph, whereas on coconut oil and medium-chain triglyceride diets the chylomicron size was 1403 +/- 83 and 604 +/- 40 A, respectively. When the isolated chylomicrons were injected into recipient rats maintained on a regular diet, their half-life (t1/2) decreased from 5.4 +/- 0.4 to 1.8 +/- 0.3 min with the increase in particle size. No significant difference in the apolipoprotein profile of chylomicrons of various sizes was noted, indicating that alterations of chylomicron removal are not related to apolipoprotein composition. Rats maintained on PUFA diets showed a marked increase in their adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity. The fast removal of large chylomicrons and increased tissue lipoprotein lipase activity, together with suppression of hepatic lipogenesis on this diet, apparently explains the low plasma triglyceride level in rats maintained on diets rich in PUFAs.
Three–axle buses: a solution for reducing axle load (2014)

The need to reduce axle load has led to the increasing use of the third axle on buses and coaches. Disadvantages include extra cost, higher operating and maintenance costs, and increased noise. Various methods of installing the third axle are discussed. Technical problems involved in installing the third axle include: finding an optimum steering angle, wheelbase, rear and front overhang and wheelbase for the double axle; finding the optimal axle–load distribution; calculating the modified load distribution for the frame, the extra load on the frame when the trailer axle is unloaded; and controlling the air pressure in the air springs. Simplified two–axle and three–axle models in the form of a lattice–type frame were used to simulate the bending moment distribution. Results show that, by using the third axle, maximum bending decreases on the sidewalls and longitudinal members of the frame.
Mechanism of Single-Site Molecule-Like Catalytic Ethylene Dimerization in Ni-MFU-4<i>l</i> (2016)

A recently developed metal-organic framework (MOF) catalyst for the dimerization of ethylene has a combination of selectivity and activity that surpasses that of commercial homogeneous catalysts, which have dominated this important industrial process for nearly 50 years. The uniform catalytic sites available in MOFs provide a unique opportunity to directly study reaction mechanisms in heterogeneous catalysts, a problem typically intractable due to the multiplicity of coordination environments found in many solid catalysts. In this work, we use a combination of isotopic labeling studies, mechanistic probes, and DFT calculations to demonstrate that Ni-MFU-4l operates via the Cossee-Arlman mechanism, which has also been implicated in homogeneous late transition metal catalysts. These studies demonstrate that metal nodes in MOFs mimic homogeneous catalysts not just functionally, but also mechanistically. They provide a blueprint for the development of advanced heterogeneous catalysts with similar degrees of tunability to their homogeneous counterparts.
In-Situ Carbon Control in the Preparation of Precursors to Boron Carbide by a Non-Aqueous Solution Technique (2015)

Synthesis of high quality boron carbide (B 4 C) powders is achieved by carbothermal reduction of boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ) from a condensed boric acid (H 3 BO 3 )/polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) product. Precursor solutions are prepared via free radical polymerisation of vinyl acetate (VA) monomer in methanol in the presence of dissolved H 3 BO 3 . A condensed product is then formed by flash evaporation under vacuum. As excess VA monomer is removed at the evaporation step, the polymerisation time is used to manage availability of carbon for reaction. This control of carbon facilitates dispersion of H 3 BO 3 in solution due to the presence of residual VA monomer. B 4 C powders with very low residual carbon are formed at temperatures as low as 1,250 C with a 4 hour residence time.
Silicon quantum computation based on magnetic dipolar coupling (2003)

A dipolar gate alternative to the exchange gate based Kane quantum computer is proposed where the qubits are electron spins of shallow group V donors in silicon. Residual exchange coupling is treated as gate error amenable to quantum error correction, removing the stringent requirements on donor positioning characteristic of all silicon exchange-based implementations [B. Koiller et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 027903 (2002)]. Contrary to common speculation, such a scheme is scalable with no overhead in gating time even though it is based on long-range dipolar inter-qubit coupling.
Pressure observations by the Curiosity rover: Initial results (2013)

REMS‐P, the pressure measurement subsystem of the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Rover Environmental Measurement Station (REMS), is performing accurate observations of the Martian atmospheric surface pressure. It has demonstrated high data quality and good temporal coverage, carrying out the first in situ pressure observations in the Martian equatorial regions. We describe the REMS‐P initial results by MSL mission sol 100 including the instrument performance and data quality and illustrate some initial interpretations of the observed features. The observations show both expected and new phenomena at various spatial and temporal scales, e.g., the gradually increasing pressure due to the advancing Martian season signals from the diurnal tides as well as various local atmospheric phenomena and thermal vortices. Among the unexpected new phenomena discovered in the pressure data are a small regular pressure drop at every sol and pressure oscillations occurring in the early evening. We look forward to continued high‐quality observations by REMS‐P, extending the data set to reveal characteristics of seasonal variations and improved insights into regional and local phenomena.