gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimization in Completion Wells With a Packerless, Multistage Fracture-Stimulation Method Using CT Perforating and Annular-Path Pumping in Argentina (2009)

Abstract This paper documents pinpoint fracturing (PPF) in Argentina. The implementation of this method has resulted in 193 fractures in 22 wells since October 2006. The PPF method creates perforations by pumping abrasive slurry down the coiled tubing (CT) through a jetting nozzle, while the main treatment is then pumped down the annulus around the CT. Isolation between fracture treatments is accomplished using sand plugs (preferred method) or composite bridge plugs. This technique has allowed greater selectivity in the stimulation of the areas to be treated; it has also allowed a more aggressive fracture treatment in terms of percent pad and the final proppant concentration because the CT is at the location in case of screen out. In gas fields, it offers the advantage of completing the well without killing it. Different reservoirs with varying depths, temperature, types of fluid, and petrophysical conditions in the basins Golfo San Jorge and Neuquina were stimulated with different fracture fluids, proppant types, and frac gradients. The Neuquina basin required fracturing without using a workover rig in oil and gas fields near the community, while significantly diminishing the working times with a reduction in environmental impact and noise generated during the completion. However, the main goal was the reduction of completion times in each well performed in the different basins of Argentina.
Blended Learning für AR-basierte Wissensvermittlung an einer Textilmaschine (2016)

4 S.
Electro-oxidative depolymerisation of technical lignin in water using platinum, nickel oxide hydroxide and graphite electrodes (2021)

In order to improve the lignin exploitation to added-value bioproducts, a mild chemical conversion route based on electrochemistry was investigated.
Utility of the CHA2DS2-VASc score for predicting ischaemic stroke in patients with or without atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2021)

This meta-analysis suggests that the discrimination power of the CHA2DS2-VASc score in predicting ischaemic stroke is modest, and is similar in the presence or absence of NVAF. More accurate stroke prediction models are thus needed for the NVAF population.
Strengthening molecular replacement with maximum likelihood in Beast (2003)

In molecular replacement we test a series of hypotheses about the position and/or orientation of molecules in the crystal. Likelihood is the natural score for hypothesis testing, and applications to experimental phasing and structure refinement have already demonstrated the value of likelihood in crystallography. A new likelihood function is required for rotation searches, because hypotheses about orientations leave the relative phases of structure factor contributions from symmetry-related molecules undefined. This function can also make good use of information from partial molecular replacement solutions. When multiple choices of model are available, multivariate statistics can be used to generate an ensemble average model, which is particularly powerful in solving structures with NMR models. The likelihood-based approach to molecular replacement will become even more powerful when the targets become more sophisticated, taking account of factors such as anisotropy of diffraction or the presence of non-crystallographic symmetry.
APPLICATIONS OF NMR TO STUDIES OF TISSUE METABOLISM (1986)

Many bacterial clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems employ the dual RNA–guided DNA endonuclease Cas9 to defend against invading phages and conjugative plasmids by introducing site-specific ...Read More
A feasibility analysis of binary fixed-slash and floating-slash number systems (1978)

Design and analysis of finite precision rational number systems based on fixed-slash and floating-slash representation is pursued. Natural formats for binary fixed-slash and binary floating-slash number representation in computer words are described. Compatibility with standard integer representation is obtained. Redundancy in the' representation is shown to be minimal. Arithmetic register requirements are considered. Worst case and average case rounding errors are determined, and the concept of adaptive variable precision in the rounding is developed.
T–cell induced pathogenesis in HIV: bystander effects and latent infection (1999)

The progress of HIV is accompanied by the infection and decline of the population of CD4+ cells. This reduction in cells results from both cytolytic influences of the virus and virus-specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) responses. We seek to characterize the extent of CD4+ reduction caused by HIV-specific CTLs at equilibrium. Here we show that intermediate levels of cytotoxic killing of infected cells can be inferior to both strong and weak or absent immune responses. We further show that the deleterious effects of the CTL response are made worse by a slow immune response. Bystander effects in which uninfected cells are thought to be eliminated by non-specific CTL activation lead to small or negligible reductions in uninfected CD4+ cells. Latently infected cells containing pro-viral DNA and which become activated at a constant rate ensure that the immune response is more effective for a larger range of CTL activities and reduces T-cell associated pathology.
Heart and Skeletal Muscle Are Targets of Dengue Virus Infection (2010)

Vigorous infection of heart tissues in vivo and striated skeletal cells in vitro are demonstrated. Derangements of Ca2+ storage in the infected cells may directly contribute to the presentation of myocarditis in pediatric patients.
A comparative performance study of cryptographic algorithms for connected vehicles (2020)

For security applications for connected vehicles, choosing the best cryptographic algorithm is a real challenge. Traditional cryptography does not fit the constraints on the communication (e.g., bandwidth, delay) environment and the protocols defined in the standards do not allow flexibility. In this work, we provide an analysis of the cryptographic algorithms used to secure V2X communications and an overview of lightweight cryptography algorithms in order to select algorithms that might fit the connected vehicles constraints.
Effective Expansion of the Subporphyrin Chromophore Through Conjugation with <i>meso</i>‐Oligo(1,4‐phenyleneethynylene) Substituents: Octupolar Effect on Two‐Photon Absorption (2008)

Go with the glow: A series of meso-oligo(1,4-phenyleneethynylene) substituted subporphyrins shows a significant amplification in absorption coefficient and fluorescence quantum yield as the chain length of the substituents increases (see picture). Particularly, enhancement of the two-photon absorption properties along the series can be characterized by an octupolar effect rather than a conjugation effect. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z801192_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Synthesis of cross-linked poly(HEMA) microparticles in supercritical carbon dioxide for sustained delivery (2017)

Microgels are micro-sized polymer networks able to swell or shrink depending on the environment. They find applications in many fields such as for environmental purpose or especially in the biomedical field for tissue engineering or controlled drug-delivery applications. Indeed, the use of microgels allows a controlled and sustained release of an encapsulated active ingredient (AI), avoiding Burst release. This work aims at reporting on the solvent-free synthesis of well-defined hydrogel microparticles according to a free radical dispersion polymerization of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) which confers environmentally benign features to the process2. For that purpose, a dedicated polymer surfactant has been designed by RAFT polymerization, i.e. poly(ethylene oxide-b-heptadecafluorodecyl acrylate) diblock copolymer with a photocleavable group at the junction of both blocks and used as stabilizer for the HEMA dispersion polymerization in scCO2. The synthesis conditions (stabilizer concentration, temperature and CO2 pressure,…) adapted for the in situ encapsulation of an active ingredient have been studied. Then, the photocleavage of the fluorinated block of the polymer stabilizer allows the further swelling of the polyHEMA particles in water and the sustained release of the encapsulated active ingredient through the microgels. This eco-friendly process allowing the formation of well-defined hydrogel particles, showing a sustain release of their content is quite promising for a high scale microparticles production. Microgels are micro-sized polymer networks able to swell or shrink depending on the environment. They find applications in many fields such as for environmental purpose or especially in the biomedical field for tissue engineering or controlled drug-delivery applications. Indeed, the use of microgels allows a controlled and sustained release of an encapsulated active ingredient (AI), avoiding Burst release.
Chronic growth stimulation of human adult melanocytes by inflammatory mediators in vitro: implications for nevus formation and initial steps in melanocyte oncogenesis. (1993)

In the human epidermis, melanocytes are distributed at a distance from each other. In contrast, melanocytes in nevi, which are considered benign neoplasms of melanocytes, are grouped in nests. Although still not well defined, environmental factors are thought to play an important role in the development of nevi. We found that chronic growth stimulation by leukotriene C4, a compound found in increased amounts in inflamed skin, induced pleiotropic modifications in the normal melanocyte phenotype. These changes include loss of contact inhibition and formation of structures resembling tumor spheroids. In parallel with these changes, there was a constitutive expression of Fos protein. Switching these cultures to medium supplemented with phorbol ester sustained growth with reversion of the altered phenotype. In contrast, a cAMP stimulator, cholera toxin, induced features of terminal differentiation. Our findings suggest a role for inflammatory mediators in human epidermal melanocytes. This observation provides insight into melanocyte growth alterations which may have relevance in early stages of melanocyte oncogenesis.
Hardware accelerated novel optical de novo assembly for large-scale genomes (2014)

De novo assembly is a widely used methodology in bioinformatics. However, the conventional short-read based de novo assembly is incapable of reliably reconstructing the large-scale structures of human genomes. Recently, a novel optical label based technology has enabled reliable large-scale de novo assembly. Despite its advantage in large-scale genome analysis, this new technology requires a more computationally intensive alignment algorithm than its conventional counterpart. For example, the run-time of reconstructing a human genome is on the order of 10; 000 hours on a sequential CPU. Therefore, in order to practically apply this new technology in genome research, accelerated approaches are desirable. In this paper, we present three different accelerated approaches, multi-core CPU, GPU and FPGA. Against the sequential software baseline, our multi-core CPU design achieved a 8.4× speedup while the GPU and FPGA designs achieved 13.6× and 115× speedups respectively. We also reveal the insights of the design space exploration of this new assembly algorithm on these three different devices by comparing the results.
Learning to Manipulate Individual Objects in an Image (2020)

We describe a method to train a generative model with latent factors that are (approximately) independent and localized. This means that perturbing the latent variables affects only local regions of the synthesized image, corresponding to objects. Unlike other unsupervised generative models, ours enables object-centric manipulation, without requiring object-level annotations, or any form of annotation for that matter. The key to our method is the combination of spatial disentanglement, enforced by a Contextual Information Separation loss, and perceptual cycle-consistency, enforced by a loss that penalizes changes in the image partition in response to perturbations of the latent factors. We test our method's ability to allow independent control of spatial and semantic factors of variability on existing datasets and also introduce two new ones that highlight the limitations of current methods.
Introduction (2007)

No AccessPolymer BlendsJul 2007IntroductionLloyd M. RobesonLloyd M. Robesonhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446436503.001SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2007Pages: 1-9Print ISBN: 978-3-446-22569-5eISBN: 978-3-446-43650-3 Copyright & Permissions© 2007 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Design, analysis, and learning control of a fully actuated micro wind turbine (2012)

Wind power represents one of the most promising sources of renewable energy, and improvements to wind turbine design and control can have a significant impact on energy sustainability. In this paper we make two primary contributions: first, we develop and present a actuated micro wind turbine intended for research purposes. While most academic work on wind turbine control has largely focused on simulated evaluations, most turbine simulators are quite limited in their ability to model unsteady aerodynamic effects induced by the turbine; thus, there is a huge value to validating wind turbine control methods on a physical system, and the platform we present here makes this possible at a very low cost. The second contribution of this paper a novel policy search method, applied to optimizing power production in Region II wind speeds. Our method is similar in spirit to Reinforcement Learning approaches such as the REINFORCE algorithm, but explicitly models second order terms of the cost function and makes efficient use of past execution data. We evaluate this method on the physical turbine and show it it is able to quickly and repeatably achieve near-optimal power production within about a minute of execution time without an a priori dynamics model.
Folding DNA into a Lipid‐Conjugated Nanobarrel for Controlled Reconstitution of Membrane Proteins (2017)

Building upon DNA origami technology, we introduce a method to reconstitute a single membrane protein into a self-assembled DNA nanobarrel that scaffolds a nanodisc-like lipid environment. Compared with the membrane-scaffolding-protein nanodisc technique, our approach gives rise to defined stoichiometry, controlled sizes, as well as enhanced stability and homogeneity in membrane protein reconstitution. We further demonstrate potential applications of the DNA nanobarrels in the structural analysis of membrane proteins.
Recovery of cohesion in narrative discourse after left-hemisphere stroke (2005)

Little is known about the recovery of narrative discourse after stroke. While several studies have analyzed the recovery of language in individuals with aphasia, few known studies exist on the recovery of narrative discourse in stroke survivors, particularly those who have not been diagnosed with aphasia. In this study, we evaluated the cohesiveness of narrative discourse in a cohort of individuals who had suffered a left-hemisphere stroke and had not been diagnosed with expressive language impairment. We analyzed their narrative discourse at 1, 6, and 12 months poststroke. Our findings indicate that, while the mean number of cohesive ties in narrative discourse remained generally constant during the first year poststroke, the percentage correct use of cohesive ties increased significantly during the same time period. These findings suggest that subtle disruptions in expressive language can be present initially in narrative discourse, and recovery from these disruptions can occur naturally over time.
Thermal barrier coatings (2023)

This disclosure addresses the issue of providing a metallic-ceramic overlay coating that potentially serves as an interface or bond coat layer to provide enhanced oxidation resistance to the underlying superalloy substrate via the formation of a diffusion barrier regime within the supporting base material. Furthermore, the metallic-ceramic coating is expected to limit the growth of a continuous thermally grown oxide (TGO) layer that has been primarily considered to be the principal cause for failure of existing TBC systems. Compositional compatibility of the metallic-ceramic with traditional yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) top coats is provided to further limit debond or spallation of the coating during operational use. A metallic-ceramic architecture is disclosed wherein enhanced oxidation resistance is imparted to the surface of nickel-based superalloy or single crystal metal substrate, with simultaneous integration of the yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) within the metallic-ceramic overlayer.
Simple, extremely low resistance contact system to <i>n</i>-InP that does not exhibit metal-semiconductor intermixing during sintering (1993)

Contact formation to InP is plagued by the violent metal-semiconductor intermixing that takes place during the contact sintering process. We have discovered a truly unique contact system, involving Au and Ge, which is easily fabricated, which exhibits extremely low values of contact resistivity, and in which there is virtually no metal-semiconductor interdiffusion, even after extended sintering. We present a description of this contact system and suggest possible mechanisms to explain the observed behavior.
The Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Fluorescent Polycyclic Azaborine Chromophores (2016)

Six new heteroaromatic polycyclic azaborine chromophores were designed, synthesized, and investigated as easily tunable high-luminescent organic materials. The impact of the nitrogen-boron-hydroxy (N-BOH) unit in the azaborines was investigated by comparison with their N-carbonyl analogs. Insertion of the N-B(OH)-C unit into heteroaromatic polycyclic compounds resulted in strong visible absorption and sharp fluorescence with efficient quantum yields. The solid-state fluorescence of the heteroaromatic polycyclic compounds displayed a large Stokes shift compared to being in solution. The large Stokes shifts observed offset the self-quench effect in the solid state.
A 16-bit parallel MAC architecture for a multimedia RISC processor (2002)

This paper presents a parallel MAC (multiply-accumulation) architecture designed for DSP applications on a 200-MHz, 1.6-GOPS multimedia RISC processor. The datapath architecture of the processor is designed to realize parallel execution of a data transfer and SIMD parallel arithmetic operations. SIMD parallel 16-bit MAC instructions are introduced with a symmetric rounding scheme which maximizes the accuracy of the 18-bit accumulation. This parallel 16-bit MAC instruction on a 64-bit datapath is shown to be efficiently utilized for DSP applications such as convolution in the multimedia RISC processor. By using the parallel MAC instruction with the symmetric rounding scheme, the two-dimensional inverse discrete cosine transform (2D-IDCT) which satisfies IEEE 1180 can be implemented in 202 cycles.
Herpevizumab, a potent humanized antibody to treat anogenital herpes simplex virus (HSV-1/2) infection – Summary of preclinical data and perspectives of an ongoing clinical trial (2018)

There are two types of human herpes simplex virus, HSV-1 and HSV-2. Both can cause infections of the lip, mouth, face, throat and cornea of the eye as well as anogenital infections. Primary infection with HSV at mucosal sites can remain asymptomatic or be associated with local pain, blisters or other symptoms. Recurrences may become chronic, resulting in physical disabilities, social exclusion, and psychological distress over time. In addition, severe and life-threatening infections can occur in newborns and in immunocompromised individuals. Chemotherapeutics such as aciclovir (ACV) targeting viral DNA replication have been applied as anti-HSV drugs, however, viral resistance presents a major limitation.
Effects of Anabasine, a Tobacco Smoke Constituent, on Alcohol Consumption in Female Alcohol Preferring (P) Rats (2014)

In addition to nicotine, there are a variety of other psychoac- tive compounds in tobacco smoke. Little is known about the interac- tion of these tobacco constituents on alcohol intake. In this study, we examined one of these constituents, anabasine, which acts on nicotinic receptors, for its effects on alcohol intake and preference in alcohol preferring (P) rats. Adult female P rats were allowed continuous 3- bottle access to drink 0%, 10% or 15% alcohol for over 6 weeks. After establishment of a stable baseline for alcohol intake, rats were injected acutely with 0.02, 0.2 or 2.0 mg/kg anabasine or saline. Alcohol and water intake were measured at 2, 4, 6, and 24 h after each treatment. Pretreatment with anabasine at 2 mg/kg significantly reduced alcohol intake during the 0-2 h and decreased alcohol preference during 2-4 h and 6-24 h periods but increased water intake during the 2-4 h period. Other doses of anabasine did not exert significant effects on alcohol or water intake. These results suggest that anabasine may influence alco- hol intake presumably by interacting with neuronal nicotinic receptors.
The contribution of the alternative pathway in complement activation on cell surfaces depends on the strength of classical pathway initiation (2023)

The AP can be bypassed through efficient CP activation. The AP amplification loop has a role in complement activation during conditions of modest activation via the CP, when it can allow for efficient complement-mediated killing.
GNN-Ensemble: Towards Random Decision Graph Neural Networks (2023)

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have enjoyed wide spread applications in graph-structured data. However, existing graph based applications commonly lack annotated data. GNNs are required to learn latent patterns from a limited amount of training data to perform inferences on a vast amount of test data. The increased complexity of GNNs, as well as a single point of model parameter initialization, usually lead to overfitting and sub-optimal performance. In addition, it is known that GNNs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. In this paper, we push one step forward on the ensemble learning of GNNs with improved accuracy, generalization, and adversarial robustness. Following the principles of stochastic modeling, we propose a new method called GNN-Ensemble to construct an ensemble of random decision graph neural networks whose capacity can be arbitrarily expanded for improvement in performance. The essence of the method is to build multiple GNNs in randomly selected substructures in the topological space and subfeatures in the feature space, and then combine them for final decision making. These GNNs in different substructure and subfeature spaces generalize their classification in complementary ways. Consequently, their combined classification performance can be improved and overfitting on the training data can be effectively reduced. In the meantime, we show that GNN-Ensemble can significantly improve the adversarial robustness against attacks on GNNs.