gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Age-related sex differences in verbal memory (1988)

Verbal learning and memory were studied in 196 healthy men and women aged 40 to 89. The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task (RAVLT), a 15-word list, was presented over five trials followed by free recall after each trial. A recognition trial of 50 words subsequently was administered. A stepwise regression that examined the contributions of age, sex, and vocabulary on the five trials of the RAVLT showed that age and sex accounted for a significant portion of the variance on each trial. Vocabulary accounted for a significant portion of the variance only on trials 4 and 5. The recognition trial was not affected by age, sex, or vocabulary. Men had lower scores overall as compared to women. In the older age group (ages 66-89), this difference was significant on trials two through five. Possible mechanisms that may underlie these age-related sex differences in learning curves are discussed.
A Scalable Limited Feedback Design for Network MIMO using Per-Cell Product Codebook (2010)

In network MIMO systems, channel state information is required at the transmitter side to multiplex users in the spatial domain. Since perfect channel knowledge is difficult to obtain in practice, \emph{limited feedback} is a widely accepted solution. The {\em dynamic number of cooperating BSs} and {\em heterogeneous path loss effects} of network MIMO systems pose new challenges on limited feedback design. In this paper, we propose a scalable limited feedback design for network MIMO systems with multiple base stations, multiple users and multiple data streams for each user. We propose a {\em limited feedback framework using per-cell product codebooks}, along with a {\em low-complexity feedback indices selection algorithm}. We show that the proposed per-cell product codebook limited feedback design can asymptotically achieve the same performance as the joint-cell codebook approach. We also derive an asymptotic \emph{per-user throughput loss} due to limited feedback with per-cell product codebooks. Based on that, we show that when the number of per-user feedback-bits $B_{k}$ is $\mathcal{O}\big( Nn_{T}n_{R}\log_{2}(ρg_{k}^{sum})\big)$, the system operates in the \emph{noise-limited} regime in which the per-user throughput is $\mathcal{O} \left( n_{R} \log_{2} \big( \frac{n_{R}ρg_{k}^{sum}}{Nn_{T}} \big) \right)$. On the other hand, when the number of per-user feedback-bits $B_{k}$ does not scale with the \emph{system SNR} $ρ$, the system operates in the \emph{interference-limited} regime where the per-user throughput is $\mathcal{O}\left( \frac{n_{R}B_{k}}{(Nn_{T})^{2}} \right)$. Numerical results show that the proposed design is very flexible to accommodate dynamic number of cooperating BSs and achieves much better performance compared with other baselines (such as the Givens rotation approach).
Unconditional Maximum Likelihood Performance at Finite Number of Samples and High Signal-to-Noise Ratio (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> This correspondence deals with the problem of estimating signal parameters using an array of sensors. In source localization, two main maximum-likelihood methods have been introduced: the conditional maximum-likelihood method which assumes the source signals nonrandom and the unconditional maximum-likelihood method which assumes the source signals random. Many theoretical investigations have been already conducted for the large samples statistical properties. This correspondence studies the behavior of unconditional maximum likelihood at high signal-to-noise ratio for finite samples. We first establish the equivalence between the unconditional and the conditional maximum-likelihood criterions at high signal-to-noise ratio. Then, thanks to this equivalence we prove the non-Gaussianity and the non-efficiency of the unconditional maximum-likelihood estimator. We also rediscover the closed-form expressions of the probability density function and of the variance of the estimates in the one source scenario and we derive a closed-form expression of this estimator variance in the two sources scenario. </para>
PEGylated Precision Segments Based on Sequence‐Defined Thiolactone Oligomers (2017)

A straightforward access route to multifunctional block copolymers, combining a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) block and a monodisperse segment with discrete monomer sequence based on thiolactone chemistry, is described. Exploiting an inverse conjugation strategy on a PEG preloaded poly(styrene) synthesis resin enables the convenient introduction of a predefined PEG-block at the α-terminus of thiolactone-based sequence-defined oligomers. Reaction conditions for the stepwise, submonomer synthesis at polar solid supports are optimized, using sequential synthesis on a model resin that enables to isolate and determine the purity of the oligomer segments by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis. The reaction conditions are used to synthesize PEGylated 5mer precision polymers with defined monomer sequence in good yields and high purity to offer an interesting platform of macromolecules with potential for biomedical applications.
Blood Pressure–Lowering Effect of Orally Ingested Nitrite Is Abolished by a Proton Pump Inhibitor (2016)

Inorganic nitrate and nitrite from dietary and endogenous sources are metabolized to NO and other bioactive nitrogen oxides that affect blood pressure. The mechanisms for nitrite bioactivation are unclear, but recent studies in rodents suggest that gastric acidity may influence the systemic effects of this anion. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study, we tested the effects of a proton pump inhibitor on the acute cardiovascular effects of nitrite. Fifteen healthy nonsmoking, normotensive subjects, aged 19 to 39 years, were pretreated with placebo or esomeprazole (3×40 mg) before ingesting sodium nitrite (0.3 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>), followed by blood pressure monitoring. Nitrite reduced systolic blood pressure by a maximum of 6±1.3 mm Hg when taken after placebo, whereas pretreatment with esomeprazole blunted this effect. Peak plasma nitrite, nitrate, and nitroso species levels after nitrite ingestion were similar in both interventions. In 8 healthy volunteers, we then infused increasing doses of sodium nitrite (1, 10, and 30 nmol kg<sup>-1</sup> min<sup>-1</sup>) intravenously. Interestingly, although plasma nitrite peaked at similar levels as with orally ingested nitrite (≈1.8 µmol/L), no changes in blood pressure were observed. In rodents, esomeprazole did not affect the blood pressure response to the NO donor, DEA NONOate, or vascular relaxation to nitroprusside and acetylcholine, demonstrating an intact downstream NO-signaling pathway. We conclude that the acute blood pressure-lowering effect of nitrite requires an acidic gastric environment. Future studies will reveal if the cardiovascular complications associated with the use of proton pump inhibitors are linked to interference with the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway.
Validation of a Diabetic Wound Classification System: The contribution of depth, infection, and ischemia to risk of amputation (1998)

Outcomes deteriorated with increasing grade and stage of wounds when measured using the University of Texas Wound Classification System.
Endoleaks Do Not Predict Clinical Outcome Following Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (2002)

Endoluminal placement of stent grafts to treat abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) shows promising initial results (18,19,36,38,39,42–44). However, the long-term effectiveness of stent grafts is not well known. Endoleaks, which do not occur after traditional aneurysm repair, are detected in approximately 24% of patients undergoing endovascular treatment of AAAs (3–12,15–17,31,32,41). Endoleaks can be difficult to detect and treat, and their management provides new challenges for physicians treating AAAs using an endovascular approach.
Dynamic Data Forwarding in Wireless Mesh Networks (2010)

Unreliable wireless links can cause frequent link (and route) failures, creating a major challenge for routing protocols who need to constantly repair routes and find alternate paths. In this paper we propose DADR (Distributed Autonomous Depth-first Routing), a new distributed distance-vector routing protocol designed to adapt quickly to changing link conditions while minimizing network control overhead. In our algorithm, when a link fails, data packets are rerouted through an alternate next hop, and the information about the failed link is propagated with the data packet; therefore, routes are updated dynamically and with little overhead. We have implemented DADR on several link-layer technologies and deployed it in different applications, including AMI (advanced metering infrastructure) deployments in Japan; all implementations resulted in reliable networks that were easy to set up, maintain, and resilient to changing conditions.
Variable Pole Pitch Electromagnetic Propulsion with Ladder-Slot-Secondary Double-Sided Linear Induction Motors (2017)

In this paper, we propose a novel variable pole pitch (VPP) electromagnetic (EM) propulsion technique using a series of ladder-slot-secondary double-sided linear induction motors (LS-secondary DLIMs). An equivalent circuit is developed for the LS-secondary DLIM, which considers the distribution of the eddy current in the ladders and the end effect. This equivalent circuit forms the basis for the subsequent design, numerical analysis, and optimization. The primary purpose of the VPP EM propulsion system is to address several obstacles encountered in high-speed large-thrust applications of LIMs, such as power factor improvement, optimization considering supply frequency constraint and operating kinetics, etc. The equivalent circuit of the LS-secondary DLIM, i.e., the theoretical foundation of the VPP EM propulsion, has been validated via simulation and experimentation on a small-scale platform, which proves that the numerical analysis of the VPP EM propulsion is effective.
Fluctuating charge force fields for aqueous solutions (1995)

A new molecular dynamics model in which the point charges on atomic sites are allowed to fluctuate in response to the environment has been developed in a previous work (J. Chem. Phys., 101:6151 (1994)). The model and its application to liquid water are briefly reviewed. Various properties of the model are calculated, with emphasis on the bonding characteristics. The water model is also used to investigate the aqueous solvation of formaldehyde.
Same Function from Different Structures among pac Site Bacteriophage (TerS) Terminase Small Subunits (2023)

DNA packaging into empty viral procapsids by ATP-driven motor proteins applies widely among viruses. Recent fluorescence studies of phage T4 reveal that the small terminase subunit (TerS) synapses pac homologs by a two-ring mechanism to gauge DNA maturation sufficient for full DNA genome replication and packaging initiation handoff to and cutting by the large nuclease and ATPase-containing terminase subunit (TerL).
Supplementary Data from A Phase II Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Oral Selinexor in Recurrent Glioblastoma (2023)

Supplementary Data from A Phase II Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Oral Selinexor in Recurrent Glioblastoma
Systemic Immune Activation Leads to Neuroinflammation and Sickness Behavior in Mice (2013)

Substantial evidence indicates an association between clinical depression and altered immune function. Systemic administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is commonly used to study inflammation-associated behavioral changes in rodents. In these experiments, we tested the hypothesis that peripheral immune activation leads to neuroinflammation and depressive-like behavior in mice. We report that systemic administration of LPS induced astrocyte activation in transgenic GFAP-luc mice and increased immunoreactivity against the microglial marker ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 in the dentate gyrus of wild-type mice. Furthermore, LPS treatment caused a strong but transient increase in cytokine levels in the serum and brain. In addition to studying LPS-induced neuroinflammation, we tested whether sickness could be separated from depressive-like behavior by evaluating LPS-treated mice in a panel of behavioral paradigms. Our behavioral data indicate that systemic LPS administration caused sickness and mild depressive-like behavior. However, due to the overlapping time course and mild effects on depression-related behavior per se, it was not possible to separate sickness from depressive-like behavior in the present rodent model.
Single-Cell RNA Profiling Reveals Adipocyte to Macrophage Signaling Sufficient to Enhance Thermogenesis (2020)

Adipocytes deficient in fatty acid synthase (iAdFASNKO) emit signals that mimic cold exposure to enhance the appearance of thermogenic beige adipocytes in mouse inguinal white adipose tissues (iWATs). Both cold exposure and iAdFASNKO upregulate the sympathetic nerve fiber (SNF) modulator Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4), activate SNFs, and require adipocyte cyclic AMP/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) signaling for beige adipocyte appearance, as it is blocked by adipocyte Gsα deficiency. Surprisingly, however, in contrast to cold-exposed mice, neither iWAT denervation nor Nrg4 loss attenuated adipocyte browning in iAdFASNKO mice. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of iWAT stromal cells revealed increased macrophages displaying gene expression signatures of the alternately activated type in iAdFASNKO mice, and their depletion abrogated iWAT beiging. Altogether, these findings reveal that divergent cellular pathways are sufficient to cause adipocyte browning. Importantly, adipocyte signaling to enhance alternatively activated macrophages in iAdFASNKO mice is associated with enhanced adipose thermogenesis independent of the sympathetic neuron involvement this process requires in the cold.
Semi-rational approach for converting a GH36 α-glycosidase into an α-transglycosidase. (2015)

International audience
Enthusiastic, realistic and critical: discourses of Internet use in the context of everyday life information seeking Internet, Everyday life, Information seeking, Discourse analysis, Interpretative repertoires, Information sources, Value, Use (2004)

Based on the interviews of 18 participants, the ways in which people talk about their source preferences with regard to the Internet in everyday life information seeking were investigated by using discourse analysis. Three major interpretative repertoires were identified: Enthusiastic, Realistic and Critical. The Enthusiastic repertoire emphasizes the strengths of the Internet, conceiving it as a 'great enabler' or as a 'technology of freedom'. In this repertoire, positive expressions such as fast, easy and interactive are favoured. In the Realistic repertoire, the source preferences are constructed as situation-bound choices. The Internet is given no absolute priority but its value is seen to depend on the relative advantages in specific situations. No sources or channels are superior by themselves but their value is contingent on the use situation and its specific requirements. Finally, the Critical repertoire is characterized by a reserved standpoint to the advantages brought by the Internet. Central to this repertoire is the critical view on the low amount of relevant informationavailable in the Internet and the poor organization of networked information, rendering effective information seeking difficult. Due to their ideal-typical nature, the above repertoires are rather independent. However, in the everyday discursive practices, the repertoires are used alternately, and the same speaker may shift from one repertoire to another within the same account.
Point compression for certificates of authenticity (2004)

This paper describes the point compression for certificates of authenticity (COA), which are digitally signed physical objects that have a random unique structure. The certificates of authenticity satisfies three requirements: (i) the cost of creating and signing original COAs is small (ii) the cost of exact of near-exact replication of COA's physical structure is several orders of magnitude larger than creating an original, and (iii) the cost of verifying the authenticity of a signed COA is small. The straightforward point compression algorithm is developed to address information about the random structure of the physical object.
Continuum model of light response in the retina (2011)

A continuum model is presented of the retinal ON cone pathway to simulate the effects of light stimulation, motivated to provide validation of retinal response to electrical stimulation from vision implants. The model embodies four cell types involved in the direct pathway of light from cones to retinal ganglion cells. Center and surround mechanisms were incorporated through lateral inhibition via horizontal cells and convergence of inputs at the level of bipolar cells. Simulations were performed to investigate the network response to large and small spots of light. The results indicate the presence of surround suppression is correlated to spot size, consistent with experimental findings.
Hybrid dynamical type theories for navigation (2021)

We present a hybrid dynamical type theory equipped with useful primitives for organizing and proving safety of navigational control algorithms. This type theory combines the framework of Fu--Kishida--Selinger for constructing linear dependent type theories from state-parameter fibrations with previous work on categories of hybrid systems under sequential composition. We also define a conjectural embedding of a fragment of linear-time temporal logic within our type theory, with the goal of obtaining interoperability with existing state-of-the-art tools for automatic controller synthesis from formal task specifications. As a case study, we use the type theory to organize and prove safety properties for an obstacle-avoiding navigation algorithm of Arslan--Koditschek as implemented by Vasilopoulos. Finally, we speculate on extensions of the type theory to deal with conjugacies between model and physical spaces, as well as hierarchical template-anchor relationships.
Thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma: case report and review of the literature. (2013)

Well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma of a thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is a rare entity, found in about 1% of all TGDCs. Diagnosis is usually made incidentally after a Sistrunk procedure. Options for further therapy include total thyroidectomy, T4 suppression therapy, and radioactive iodine ablation. In a patient with a normal-appearing thyroid gland and no evidence of metastatic disease, the treatment course is controversial. The recent literature emphasizes the identification of risk factors that may prompt the clinician to pursue more aggressive treatment. We present the case of a 35-year-old woman who was found to have a 1-cm midline neck mass that showed atypical cells on fine-needle aspiration. Histologic analysis after a Sistrunk procedure revealed a small focus of papillary carcinoma within the TGDC. The patient subsequently underwent total thyroidectomy with no evidence of carcinoma on histologic examination.
Routine nasal packing versus no nasal packing following functional endoscopic sinus surgery (2016)

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows:
Gene Transfer of ZMapp Antibodies Mediated by Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Protects Against Ebola Infections (2017)

Vectored delivery of the ZMapp antibody cocktail (c2G4, c4G7, and c13C6) by using recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) could be useful for preventive immunization against Ebola virus infections because rAAVs can generate long-term antibody expression. Three rAAVs (serotype 9) encoding chimeric ZMapp antibodies were produced by triple-plasmid transfection up to 10 L-scale in WAVE bioreactors using HEK293 cells grown in suspension/serum-free conditions. Efficacy of AAV-c2G4 via intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.), and intranasal (i.n.) routes of administration was evaluated in mice with two different doses of 2.7 × 10<sup>10</sup> and 13.0 × 10<sup>10</sup> vector genomes (vg). The best protective efficacies after Ebola challenge were obtained with the i.v. and i.m. routes. Serum concentrations of ZMapp antibodies positively correlated with survivability. Efficacy of the rAAV-ZMapp cocktail was then evaluated at a higher dose of 30.0 × 10<sup>10</sup> vg. It conferred a more robust protection (90% i.v. and 60% i.m.) than rAAV-c4G7 (30%) and rAAV-c13C6 (70%), both administered separately at the same dose. Delivery of rAAV-c2G4 alone achieved up to 100% protection (100% i.v. and 90% i.m.) at the same dose. In conclusion, the preventive treatment was effective in mice. However, no advantage was observed for using the rAAV-ZMapp cocktail in comparison to the utilization of the single rAAV-c2G4.
Paleopathological Study of Dwarfism-Related Skeletal Dysplasia in a Late Joseon Dynasty (South Korean) Population (2015)

Skeletal dysplasias related to genetic etiologies have rarely been reported for past populations. This report presents the skeletal characteristics of an individual with dwarfism-related skeletal dysplasia from South Korea. To assess abnormal deformities, morphological features, metric data, and computed tomography scans are analyzed. Differential diagnoses include achondroplasia or hypochondroplasia, chondrodysplasia, multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, thalassemia-related hemolytic anemia, and lysosomal storage disease. The diffused deformities in the upper-limb bones and several coarsened features of the craniofacial bones indicate the most likely diagnosis to have been a certain type of lysosomal storage disease. The skeletal remains of EP-III-4-No.107 from the Eunpyeong site, although incomplete and fragmented, provide important clues to the paleopathological diagnosis of skeletal dysplasias.