gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RIGOROUS NUMERICAL ESTIMATION OF LYAPUNOV EXPONENTS AND INVARIANT MEASURES OF ITERATED FUNCTION SYSTEMS AND RANDOM MATRIX PRODUCTS (2000)

We present a fast, simple matrix method of computing the unique invariant measure and associated Lyapunov exponents of a nonlinear iterated function system. Analytic bounds for the error in our approximate invariant measure (in terms of the Hutchinson metric) are provided, while convergence of the Lyapunov exponent estimates to the true value is assured. As a special case, we are able to rigorously estimate the Lyapunov exponents of an iid random matrix product. Computation of the Lyapunov exponents is carried out by evaluating an integral with respect to the unique invariant measure, rather than following a random orbit. For low-dimensional systems, our method is considerably quicker and more accurate than conventional methods of exponent computation. An application to Markov random matrix product is also described.
Prospects for Engineering the Urinary Tract (2004)

Congenital abnormalities and acquired disorders can lead to organ damage or loss within the urinary tract. For reconstructive purposes, tissue engineering efforts are currently underway for virtually every type of tissue and organ within the urinary tract. Tissue engineering incorporates the fields of cell transplantation, materials science, and engineering for the purpose of creating functional replacement tissue, and requires personnel who have mastered the techniques of cell harvest, culture, expansion and transplantation, as well as polymer design. Major advances in the areas of stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and therapeutic cloning (nuclear transfer) techniques have made it possible to combine these technologies to create the comprehensive scientific field of regenerative medicine.
Procedure to compare different design methods for implementation-ready high power inductors (2019)

In order to realize efficienct high power inductors with high power density, different design methods should be compared. This paper proposes a design procedure where different design methods are compared to find appropriate inductor designs for any given specification. Three design methods are compared in a 10kW and 20kW scenario. The three design methods differ in the choice of core material and winding type. The two chosen core types are ferrite cores and powder cores, and the two chosen winding types are copper foil and PCB. In the two scenarios, the design method that obtains the largest power density for the same efficiency, are when ferrite cores and PCB windings are utilized. In the 10kW scenario, up to 32% increase in power density is achieved for the same effiency when using the best design method compared with the second best. In the 20kW scenario, up to 38% increase in power density is achieved for the same effiency. Two inductor solutions are presented using ferrite core and PCB, and both have half-power efficiencies of approximately 99.9% at the inductor worst case operation point.
Optimization of Disjunctive Predicates for Main Memory Column Stores (2017)

Optimization of disjunctive predicates is a very challenging task which has been vastly neglected by the research community and commercial databases. In this work, we focus on the complex problem of optimizing disjunctive predicates by means of the bypass processing technique. In bypass processing, selection operators split the input tuple stream into two disjoint output streams: the true-stream with tuples that satisfy the selection predicate and the false-stream with tuples that do not. Bypass processing is crucial in avoiding expensive predicates whenever the outcome of the query predicate can be determined by evaluating the less expensive ones.
Highly Efficient Synthesis of Medium‐Sized Lactams via Intramolecular Staudinger—aza‐Wittig Reaction of ω‐Azido Pentafluorophenyl Ester: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of LY411575 Analogues. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Pt thickness dependence of oscillatory interlayer exchange coupling in [CoFe/Pt/CoFe]/IrMn multilayers with perpendicular anisotropy (2005)

The interlayer exchange coupling (IEC) in glass/[Buffer:NiO/Pt]/Co/sub 90/Fe/sub 10//Pt/Co/sub 90/Fe/sub 10//Ir/sub 22/Mn/sub 78/ multilayers within an out-of-plane easy axis is studied. The observed oscillatory behavior of the IEC as a function of the nonmagnetic metallic layer (Pt) is thought to be related to the antiferromagnetic ordering induced by the antiferromagnetic IrMn layer.
The Future of Anesthetic Mechanisms Research (2003)

This book began first describing what anesthesia is and is not, and then followed with the history of how prior researchers explored the mechanisms of anesthesia. We end the book with a look forward to what might occur in the future of research into anesthetic mechanism.
REFLEXIONES EN TORNO A UN POZO.REFLECTIONS ABOUT A WELL. (2010)

La agrupacion de Bilbao de la ONG de los colegios de Ingenieros Industriales de Euskadi, IC-LI, ha llevado a cabo, recientemente, un proyecto de construccion y rehabilitacion de varios pozos en Alen-Angok (Guinea Ecuatorial). La documentacion del proyecto evidencia las diferencias sustanciales – aunque mejor seria decir, “circunstanciales” – entre este proyecto y los habituales en nuestro entorno. Ambos tipos de proyectos tienen una esencia comun: son obras de ingenieria (que segun la RAE es “El estudio y aplicacion de las teorias y tecnicas que permiten el aprovechamiento practico del conocimiento cientifico.”) pero las circunstancias que condicionan el “aprovechamiento practico” son tan dispares que su consideracion puede ser un buen tema de reflexion para nuestra profesion.
Coexpression of endothelial PAS protein 1 with essential angiogenic factors suggests its involvement in human vascular development (2001)

Endothelial PAS protein 1 (EPAS1) is a bHLH-PAS transcription factor involved in cellular response to hypoxia. Its precise role in angiogenesis is unclear, but several genes essential to vascular development, including those encoding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), its receptor VEGFR-2 and Tie2, are thought to be targets of EPAS1. To investigate whether this transcription factor and its putative targets were expressed concomitantly, we performed in situ hybridization on serial adjacent sections of human embryos at gestational ages of 3 to 6 weeks. We studied expression of the genes encoding EPAS1, VEGF, VEGFR-1, and -2, Tie2, and its ligands, angiopoietin (Ang) 1 and 2. We also compared these expression profiles with that of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha). EPAS1 transcripts were detected in several types of endothelial cell: in blood vessels walls, the endocardium, the glomeruli of the mesonephros, and the sinusoids of the liver. In these endothelial cells, expression of EPAS1 systematically or partly coincided with Tie2 and the VEGF receptors expression. There was also some overlap between the sites of synthesis of EPAS1 and VEGF mRNAs, principally in hepatocytes and sympathetic ganglion cells. In addition, we found that EPAS1 and HIF1alpha transcripts were often colocalized, suggesting a functional redundancy of these two transcription factors during development. These observations are consistent with transactivation by EPAS1 of the expression of its putative target genes during embryogenesis, suggesting that this transcription factor is involved in human angiogenesis. They provide evidence that EPAS1 is involved in the regulation of vascular maturation, remodeling, or stabilization rather than in the early steps of embryonic angiogenesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Reactions of Silyl Nitronates Derived from 2,2,2‐ Trifluoronitroethane. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl‐ Substituted Aminoethanols and ‐propanols. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Verification of Software Product Line Artefacts: A Checklist to Support Feature Model Inspections (2020)

Software Product Line Engineering (SPL) should ensure the correctness, completeness and consistency of its artefacts and related domain to prevent the propagation of defects in derived products. Software inspection techniques are effective in detecting defects in software artefacts and avoiding their propagation throughout the software development process. However, the results of a quasi-systematic review of the technical literature reported in this paper pointed to a lack of such techniques to support the inspection of SPL artefacts, including techniques to support the inspection of feature models (FMs) that are largely used in domain modelling. Therefore, a checklist-based inspection technique (FMCheck) has been developed to support the detection of defects on FMs. FMCheck is configurable and can be applied to the original feature model notation (the FODA approach) and its extensions, including the Odyssey-FEX notation. The inspection technique was empirically evaluated, having indicated its feasibility and effectiveness. It is possible to see that inspectors applying FMCheck to inspect FMs can be more effective than those applying ad-hoc techniques, regarding four distinct domains.
Therapeutic Effects of Systemic Administration of Chaperone αB-Crystallin Associated with Binding Proinflammatory Plasma Proteins (2012)

The therapeutic benefit of the small heat shock protein αB-crystallin (HspB5) in animal models of multiple sclerosis and ischemia is proposed to arise from its increased capacity to bind proinflammatory proteins at the elevated temperatures within inflammatory foci. By mass spectral analysis, a common set of ∼70 ligands was precipitated by HspB5 from plasma from patients with multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and amyloidosis and mice with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. These proteins were distinguished from other precipitated molecules because they were enriched in the precipitate as compared with their plasma concentrations, and they exhibited temperature-dependent binding. More than half of these ligands were acute phase proteins or members of the complement or coagulation cascades. Consistent with this proposal, plasma levels of HspB5 were increased in patients with multiple sclerosis as compared with normal individuals. The combination of the thermal sensitivity of the HspB5 combined with the high local concentration of these ligands at the site of inflammation is proposed to explain the paradox of how a protein believed to exhibit nonspecific binding can bind with some relative apparent selectivity to proinflammatory proteins and thereby modulate inflammation.
Guest Editorial Special Section on 2010 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC 2010) (2011)

The ten papers in this special section were selected from the 2010 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC) held in San Jose, CA, in September 2010.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrahigh‐Throughput FACS‐Based Screening for Directed Enzyme Evolution (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Experimental investigation of high performance cognitive and interactive text filtering (2002)

Text filtering has become increasingly important as the volume of networked information has exploded in recent years. This paper reviews recent progress in that field and reports on the development of a testbed for experimental investigation of cognitive and interactive text selection based on a history of user evaluations. An interactive filtering system model is presented and a new cognitive filtering technique which the authors call the Gaussian User Model is described. Because development of analytic measures of text selection effectiveness has proven intractable, the authors have modified the Cornell SMART text retrieval system to create a flexible text filtering testbed for experimental determination of filtering effectiveness. The paper concludes with a description of the design of this testbed system.
Design and performance of a beetle-type double-tip scanning tunneling microscope (2006)

A combination of a double-tip scanning tunneling microscope with a scanning electron microscope in ultrahigh vacuum environment is presented. The compact beetle-type design made it possible to integrate two independently driven scanning tunneling microscopes in a small space. Moreover, an additional level for coarse movement allows the decoupling of the translation and approach of the tunneling tip. The position of the two tips can be controlled from the millimeter scale down to 50nm with the help of an add-on electron microscope. The instrument is capable of atomic resolution imaging with each tip.
EXAFS evidence for local order in the ionic aggregates of halato-telechelic polymers (1983)

The ionic aggregates in bulk halato-telechelic polymers, a class of ion-containing polymers with well controlled molecular characteristics, have a high degree of local order, as shown by EXAFS spectroscopy. In zinc neutralized carboxy telechelic polybutadiene each cation is surrounded by an average of 6 oxygen neighbours as well as by a second shell of up to 5 zinc atoms at a distance of 3.22 ± 0.02 A. The influence of humidity during sample preparation and elaboration is also investigated.
Superconducting materials : advances in technology and applications : International Advances School Leonardo Da Vinci, 1998 Summer Course, Bologna-Italy (2000)

Introduction - superconducting materials - history and the future, K. Kitazawa. Mechanism and physical properties of high temperature superconductors: critical temperature, V.Z. Kresin critical currents in superconductors, M. Murakami pinning mechanism in high-Tc and conventional superconductors, P.H. Kes et al. High Tc material processing and characteristics: superconducting properties of melt processed LRE-Ba-Cu-O, M. Murakami innovative techniques in superconducting powders synthesis and their influence on material processing, A. Tampieri and G. Celotti ceramic processing in high-Tc superconductors, N. Murayama. Applications: cryogenic detectors based on superconducting tunnel junctions, E. Esposito microwave surface resistance measurements in high-Tc superconductors in a magnetic field, E. Silva power applications of high temperature superconductors, S. Zannella. (Part contents)
Confounding, ascertainment bias, and the blind quest for a genetic ‘fountain of youth’ (2003)

Many promises have been made about the impact of the Human Genome Project on clinical practice and public health, yet despite massively funded efforts over the past decade, little headway has been made in elucidating the specific genetic factors which have major impact on the risk of developing common complex traits. There are two fundamental reasons for this abject failure as follows: 1) studies have been inadequately designed to identify such genetic risk factors; 2) the genetic factors that do exist are individually of small marginal importance, and are characterized by extensive heterogeneity. If 2) is the truth, there is little we can do about it, so we emphasize the importance of 1) in this article, while recognizing that 2) probably is not far from the truth. Genetic studies, in contrast to epidemiological studies, use confounding and ascertainment bias to help identify weak etiologic signal due to genes, since gene mapping is fundamentally a hypothesis-free science. This strategy makes it possible to identify genetic risk factors, but makes it impossible to quantify the size of their effect on risk. Classical epidemiological study designs are of minimal value for gene identification, but may be of use in estimation of the effect size of genetic risk factors once they are identified in more appropriately designed genetic studies. However, if the effects are so weak that we need this strong, systematic ascertainment bias to find them, their relevance to public health may be of questionable immediate value, raising many questions about the rhetoric and promises being made to the public as justification for 'big science' approaches to dissecting the hypothetical role of genes in complex traits.
Réalisation et optimisation des dimensions d'un filtre ULB à résonateurs couplés (2009)

National audience
Data from The MDA-9/Syntenin/IGF1R/STAT3 Axis Directs Prostate Cancer Invasion (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Although prostate cancer is clinically manageable during several stages of progression, survival is severely compromised once cells invade and metastasize to distant organs. Comprehending the pathobiology of invasion is required for developing efficacious targeted therapies against metastasis. Based on bioinformatics data, we predicted an association of melanoma differentiation-associated gene-9 [syntenin, or syndecan binding protein (SDCBP)] in prostate cancer progression. Using tissue samples from various Gleason stage prostate cancer patients with adjacent normal tissue, a series of normal prostate and prostate cancer cell lines (with differing tumorigenic/metastatic properties), &lt;i&gt;mda-9/syntenin&lt;/i&gt;-manipulated variants (including loss-of-function and gain-of-function cell lines), and CRISPR/Cas9 stable MDA-9/Syntenin knockout cells, we now confirm the relevance of and dependence on MDA-9/syntenin in prostate cancer invasion. MDA-9/Syntenin physically interacted with insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor following treatment with insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP2), regulating downstream signaling processes that enabled STAT3 phosphorylation. This activation enhanced expression of MMP2 and MMP9, two established enzymes that positively regulate invasion. In addition, MDA-9/syntenin-mediated upregulation of proangiogenic factors including IGFBP2, IL6, IL8, and VEGFA also facilitated migration of prostate cancer cells. Collectively, our results draw attention to MDA-9/Syntenin as a positive regulator of prostate cancer metastasis, and the potential application of targeting this molecule to inhibit invasion and metastasis in prostate cancer and potentially other cancers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significance:&lt;/b&gt; This study provides new mechanistic insight into the proinvasive role of MDA-9/Syntenin in prostate cancer and has potential for therapeutic application to prevent prostate cancer metastasis. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 78(11); 2852–63. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Genome Wide Analysis of Drug-Induced Torsades de Pointes: Lack of Common Variants with Large Effect Sizes (2013)

Marked prolongation of the QT interval on the electrocardiogram associated with the polymorphic ventricular tachycardia Torsades de Pointes is a serious adverse event during treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs and other culprit medications, and is a common cause for drug relabeling and withdrawal. Although clinical risk factors have been identified, the syndrome remains unpredictable in an individual patient. Here we used genome-wide association analysis to search for common predisposing genetic variants. Cases of drug-induced Torsades de Pointes (diTdP), treatment tolerant controls, and general population controls were ascertained across multiple sites using common definitions, and genotyped on the Illumina 610k or 1M-Duo BeadChips. Principal Components Analysis was used to select 216 Northwestern European diTdP cases and 771 ancestry-matched controls, including treatment-tolerant and general population subjects. With these sample sizes, there is 80% power to detect a variant at genome-wide significance with minor allele frequency of 10% and conferring an odds ratio of ≥2.7. Tests of association were carried out for each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) by logistic regression adjusting for gender and population structure. No SNP reached genome wide-significance; the variant with the lowest P value was rs2276314, a non-synonymous coding variant in C18orf21 (p = 3×10(-7), odds ratio = 2, 95% confidence intervals: 1.5-2.6). The haplotype formed by rs2276314 and a second SNP, rs767531, was significantly more frequent in controls than cases (p = 3×10(-9)). Expanding the number of controls and a gene-based analysis did not yield significant associations. This study argues that common genomic variants do not contribute importantly to risk for drug-induced Torsades de Pointes across multiple drugs.
Thin Films of Conductive ZnO Patterned by Micromolding Resulting in Nearly Isolated Features (2010)

Patterned and continuous thin films of conductive Al-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) were prepared on different substrates from a polymeric precursor solution. Their electric conductivity and light transmittance (for visible and UV light) was measured at room temperature. By means of a simple device, conductive ZnO:Al films with high fidelity patterns with features of 2-20 microm width could be obtained by simply micromolding the liquid precursor film prior to heat treatment. The individual features were interconnected by a very thin residual ZnO layer.
The Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I <i>tax</i> Gene Can Cooperate with the <i>ras</i> Oncogene To Induce Neoplastic Transformation of Cells (1990)

Epidemiologic studies have linked infection by the human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) with the development of adult T-cell leukemia. The low penetrance of the virus and the long latency for disease manifestation are factors that obscure the role of HTLV-I infection in oncogenesis. We have used an in vitro transformation assay system to determine directly whether the HTLV-I tax gene has transformation potential. Transfection of the tax gene alone into early-passage rat embryo fibroblasts did not induce morphological alterations. However, cotransfection of tax with the selectable marker plasmid pRSVneo gave rise to G418-resistant colonies that could be established as immortalized cell lines. Cotransfection of tax with the ras oncogene into rat embryo fibroblasts gave rise to foci of transformed cells that were highly tumorigenic in nude mice. These data represent a direct demonstration of the oncogenic potential of the tax gene in nonlymphoid cells and establish HTLV-I as a transforming virus.
New Synthesis of [SFe<sub>3</sub>(CO)<sub>9</sub>]<sup>2</sup><sup>-</sup>and Its Reactivity toward Electrophiles (1998)

The reaction of Na2SO3 with Fe(CO)5/KOH in methanol forms the tetrahedral cluster [SFe3(CO)9]2- in good yield. Acidification of [SFe3(CO)9]2- with H+ forms the monohydrido cluster [SFe3(μ-H)(CO)9]- (I) and the dihydrido cluster SFe3(μ-H)2(CO)9. Further methylation of [SFe3(CO)9]2- with MeSO3CF3 produces the sulfur-methylated cluster [MeSFe3(CO)9]- (II). When [SFe3(CO)9]2- is treated with Ru3(CO)12 in refluxing acetone, the octahedral cluster [SFe2Ru3(CO)14]2- (III) is obtained. Subsequent methylation of III with MeSO3CF3 gives the octahedral cluster [MeSFe2Ru3(CO)14]- (IV), in which the sulfur atom is pentacoordinated to one methyl group and two Ru and two Fe atoms. Clusters I−IV have been fully structurally characterized by spectroscopic methods and X-ray analysis. In this paper, the basic sites of [SFe3(CO)9]2- are studied in terms of the differing electrophiles, and a novel pentacoordinate bonding mode of the sulfur atom is also found in cluster IV.