gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implications of changes in core body temperature. (2009)

Dairy farmers and veterinarians have used body temperatures, most commonly rectal temperatures, to detect and manage febrile disease and changes in the state of cows (estrus and onset of calving) for many years. Mastitis, pneumonia, metritis, lameness, estrus, onset of parturition, heat stress, and subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) are among the physiological conditions potentially correlated with body temperature that deviates from normal. Many new technologies have been introduced to measure body temperature of cattle at various locations, including rectum, ear (tympanic), vagina, reticulum-rumen, skin, and milk. While each location has its own advantages and disadvantages, temperature measurements at some of these locations can be automated for routine, frequent, and non-disruptive temperature recording. Systems for measurement of reticular temperature are available commercially. However, many factors other than the physiological conditions of interest affect reticular temperature. Among these are ambient temperature, food and water consumption, stage of lactation cycle, age, recumbency, activity level, stage of gestation, and of course, general health. The relationship between reticular and rectal temperatures appears to be relatively consistent, though the correlation is affected by time of season, housing system, and time of day. Reticular temperatures are affected by water intake, and substantially so for large volumes and extremely cold water; and dips in reticular temperature following water consumption must be considered when interpreting observations. Research is continuing to assess the ability of reticular temperature monitoring, perhaps in conjunction with other precision dairy farming tools, to allow earlier intervention with appropriate management. Success of early intervention will be the key to the ultimate success of any temperature monitoring technology.
Correlation Between Rotor Vibration and Mechanical Stress in Ultra-High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (2017)

This paper investigates the correlation between rotor vibration and mechanical stress in ultra-high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs); the mechanical stress generated in the PM and the rotational vibration when the PMSM rotates at high speeds were evaluated. Two PM rotors that have the same performance characteristics but different shrink fits were studied, and the vibration of these two PM rotors was analyzed. Furthermore, to evaluate the correlation between mechanical stress and vibration, the rotor design parameters, such as sleeve thickness and shrink fit, were varied. Based on the analysis results, a real-world model was developed and an experiment was conducted to test the vibration of these two rotors; the validity of our results was verified by performing experiments.
Supplementary Data from FBXW7 Triggers Degradation of KMT2D to Favor Growth of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Data (Fig. S1- S6)&lt;/p&gt;
Effects of Synthesis Conditions on Microstructure of a YBa&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;Cu&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;x&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; Superconductor by Partial Melting Process (1989)

The synthesis conditions of a partial melting process for a bulk YBa2Cu3Ox (123) superconductor are discussed in terms of the microstructure and superconducting properties. The overall process consists of the partial melting, in which Y2BaCuO5 (211) and a liquid phase form, and subsequent slow cooling for the formation of the 123 grains by a peritectic reaction of 211 with liquid. Melt-quenched and sintered starting materials were examined to understand the difference in microstructural development. During partial melting, the grain size of 211 was considerably dependent on the starting materials. Melt-quench-derived materials produced much finer 211 than sinter-derived materials. After the peritectic reaction, the residual 211 inclusions were trapped inside the 123 grains. The size of the 211 inclusions was almost equivalent to that during the partial melting. The 123 grains also included defects such as cracks and streaks which may have formed due to inhomogeneities in the peritectic reaction during the growth of the 123 grains. The melt-quench-derived materials included fewer defects than the sinter-derived materials. The finely and homogeneously dispersed 211 grains present in melt-quench-derived samples are considered to be effective in reducing defects by promoting a smooth and uniform peritectic reaction. As a result, melt-quench-derived materials showed better critical current densities than sinter-derived materials.
Alcohol Fuel Cells at Optimal Temperatures (2006)

High-power-density alcohol fuel cells can relieve many of the daunting challenges facing a hydrogen energy economy. Here, such fuel cells are achieved using CsH 2 PO 4 as the electrolyte and integrating into the anode chamber a Cu-ZnO/Al 2 O 3 methanol steam-reforming catalyst. The temperature of operation, 250C, is matched both to the optimal value for fuel cell power output and for reforming. Peak power densities using methanol and ethanol were 226 and 100 mW/cm 2 , respectively. The high power output 305 mW/cm 2 obtained from reformate fuel containing 1% CO demonstrates the potential of this approach with optimized reforming catalysts and also the tolerance to CO poisoning at these elevated temperatures.
Measurement of lipid flux to advance translational research: evolution of classic methods to the future of precision health (2022)

Over the past 70 years, the study of lipid metabolism has led to important discoveries in identifying the underlying mechanisms of chronic diseases. Advances in the use of stable isotopes and mass spectrometry in humans have expanded our knowledge of target molecules that contribute to pathologies and lipid metabolic pathways. These advances have been leveraged within two research paths, leading to the ability (1) to quantitate lipid flux to understand the fundamentals of human physiology and pathology and (2) to perform untargeted analyses of human blood and tissues derived from a single timepoint to identify lipidomic patterns that predict disease. This review describes the physiological and analytical parameters that influence these measurements and how these issues will propel the coming together of the two fields of metabolic tracing and lipidomics. The potential of data science to advance these fields is also discussed. Future developments are needed to increase the precision of lipid measurements in human samples, leading to discoveries in how individuals vary in their production, storage, and use of lipids. New techniques are critical to support clinical strategies to prevent disease and to identify mechanisms by which treatments confer health benefits with the overall goal of reducing the burden of human disease.
Synthesis of Substituted 4,5-Dihydro-4-oxo-2-[(2-trans-phenylcyclopropyl)amino]-3-furancarboxylic Acids and Ethyl Esters (1986)

me synthesis and biological a c t i v i t y of a series of novel 4,5-dlhydm-koxo- 2-[(2-~-phenylcycl~pmpyl)amin~]-3-furancarboxylie acids and t h e i r ethyl esters, i s described.When tested i n broth and agar d i l u t i o n t e s t s , some of the t i t l e c o m ~u n d s exerted antimicmbial a c t i v i t y against a number of gram-positive and gram-nee-
Geochemical Characteristics of Crude Oil in Member 7 of Yanchang Formation in Yanchang Oilfield (2022)

Oil is an important primary energy for national production and life and national defense, and China is the key to rapid development. It is of great strategic significance to ensure the safe and efficient production of the oil industry. Yanchang Oilfield is located in the main position of oil and gas accumulation in Ordos Basin, China, and the seventh member of the Yanchang Formation is the area with the richest crude oil output at present. Studying the geochemical characteristics of its crude oil exploitation is of great engineering significance for the exploration of oil and gas content in similar terrain and the continuous improvement of oil extraction and refining technology. On the other hand, it also provides first-hand data and important technical references for the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas resources in other areas of the Ordos Basin. Firstly, this paper points out the important strategic significance of the petroleum industry for China’s development, and briefly describes the basic situation of Yanchang Oilfield and the basic characteristics of crude oil. The power and diversion system of the Yanchang Formation in Yanchang Oilfield are studied, and the main factors of formation and flow of deep reservoirs in the Yanchang Formation are explored, as well as the regional geological survey of the Yanchang Formation No. 7 in Yanchang Oilfield. The characteristics of crude oil and its maturity evaluation system are emphatically discussed, and the changes in crude oil characteristics under the action of microorganisms are comparatively studied. In this paper, Yanchang Oilfield, the main reservoir area of the Ordos Basin, is taken as the research object, and the formation mechanism of the oil reservoir and the geochemical characteristics of crude oil in the 7th member of the Yanchang Formation are deeply explored, so as to provide a preliminary theoretical study for the research of crude oil exploitation in reservoirs and other oilfields in the Ordos Basin.
V(D)J recombination activates a p53-dependent DNA damage checkpoint in scid lymphocyte precursors. (1996)

Double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) trigger p53-mediated cell cycle arrest or apoptosis pathways that limit the oncogenic consequences of exposure to genotoxic agents, but p53-mediated responses to DSB generated by normal physiologic events have not been documented. "Broken" V(D)J coding ends accumulate in scid lymphocyte precursors as a consequence of a mutation in DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). The ensuing failure to rearrange efficiently antigen receptors arrests lymphoid development. Here we show that scid thymocytes express high levels of p53 protein, attributable to recombinase activating gene (RAG)-dependent generation of DSB adjacent to V, D, and J gene segments. To examine the functional importance of p53 expression in vivo, we bred p53-/- scid mice. The absence of p53 facilitated production of in-frame V(D)Jbeta coding joints and developmental progression of scid thymocytes, in addition to a dramatic accumulation of pro-B cells. All mice developed disseminated pro-B or immature T cell lymphoma/leukemia by 7-12 weeks of age. We present evidence that p53 deficiency prolongs the survival of scid lymphocyte precursors harboring broken V(D)J coding ends, allowing the accumulation of aneuploid cells. These results demonstrate that a p53-mediated DNA damage checkpoint contributes to the immune deficiency characteristic of the scid mutation and limits the oncogenic potential of DSBs generated during V(D)J recombination.
Origins of the electroretinogram oscillatory potentials in the rabbit retina (2004)

The electroretinogram (ERG) oscillatory potential (OP) is a high-frequency, low-amplitude potential that is superimposed on the rising phase of the b-wave. It provides noninvasive evaluation of inner retina function in vivo and is a useful tool in basic research as well as in the clinic. While the OP is widely believed to be generated mainly by activity of the inner retina, the exact underlying neural mechanisms are not well understood. We have investigated the retinal mechanisms that underlie OP generation in Dutch-belted rabbits. The OP was isolated by band-filtering (100-1000 Hz) ERG signals. We used pharmacological agents that block specific transmitter receptors or voltage-gated channels in order to examine contributions of various retinal mechanisms to OP generation. Our results show that the OP elicited by a bright brief flash can be classified into early, intermediate, and late subgroups that are likely generated mainly by photoreceptors, action-potential-independent, and action-potential-dependent mechanisms in the ON pathway of the inner retina, respectively. ON bipolar cells themselves make only a small direct contribution to OP generation, as do horizontal cells and neurons in the OFF pathway.
(Invited) Plasmon-Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Using ZnS-AgInS<sub>2</sub> Solid Solution Nanoparticles (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Multi-strategy parsing and its role in robust man-machine communication (2018)

Computer Science Department
Expression of the human erythrocyte glucose transporter in Escherichia coli. (1988)

The gene encoding the human erythrocyte glucose transporter, cloned from HepG2 hepatoma cells, was expressed in Escherichia coli by introducing a prokaryote-type ribosome binding site, subcloning the gene into the T7 promoter/T7 polymerase expression system, and transforming a strain that is defective in glucose transport. Cells bearing plasmids with the transporter gene take up 2-deoxy-D-glucose and D-glucose, unlike cells bearing plasmids without the transporter gene. Moreover, 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake is inhibited by unlabeled D-glucose, cytochalasin B, or mercuric chloride but not by L-glucose. The glucose transport protein is inserted into the membrane of E. coli, as evidenced by immunoblotting experiments with two site-directed polyclonal antibodies, one directed against the COOH terminus of the glucose transporter and the other directed against a synthetic peptide containing amino acid residues 225-238. As detected with both antibodies, the protein migrates with apparent molecular mass of 34 kDa in sodium dodecyl sulfate/12% polyacrylamide, a size similar to that of the unglycosylated glucose-transport protein synthesized in vitro.
Exceptional points of degeneracy in coupled-mode periodic structures (2016)

We investigate the modal characteristics of coupled waveguides in which the supported eigenmodes coalesce; the condition we refer to as an exceptional point of degeneracy (EPD). In particular, we study different orders of EPD that can be manifested in coupled waveguides, and demonstrate how to realize a second, third, and fourth order degeneracies in the dispersion diagram of the supported eigenmodes. In addition, we illustrate the deterioration of the EPD by incorporating losses and we also investigate the prospects of gain/loss balance and how it is related to realizing an EPD. Such scheme is often attributed to a PT-symmetry under some conditions in gain/loss balanced resonators, however here we generalize it to coupled waveguides exhibiting EPDs, and explore its properties using coupled transmission line approach accounting for loss and gain, not satisfying necessarily the parity symmetry. Our proposed framework can be utilized in various applications including traveling wave tubes, lasers, sensors, pulse compressions, switches and oscillators.
Crohme2011: Competition on recognition of online handwritten mathematical expressions (2015)

Abstract — A competition on recognition of online handwritten mathematical expressions is organized. Recognition of mathematical expressions has been an attractive problem for the pattern recognition community because of the presence of enormous uncertainties and ambiguities as encountered during parsing of the two-dimensional structure of expressions. The goal of this competition is to bring out a state of the art for the related research. Three labs come together to organize the event and six other research groups participated the competition. The competition defines a standard format for presenting information, provides a training set of 921 expressions and supplies the underlying grammar for understanding the content of the training data. Participants were invited to submit their recognizers which were tested with a new set of 348 expressions. Systems are evaluated based on four different aspects of the recognition problem. However, the final rating of the systems is done based on their correct expression recognition accuracies. The best expression level recognition accuracy (on the test data) shown by the competing systems is 19.83 % whereas a baseline system developed by one of the organizing groups reports an accuracy 22.41 % on the same dataset. Keywords-Evaluation; Mathematical expressions; Online handwriting, symbol recognition.
Autoreactive B cells in rheumatoid arthritis consist of activated CXCR3+ memory B cells and plasmablasts (2023)

Abstract Many autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are characterized by persistence of autoreactive B cell responses which is often directly implicated in disease pathogenesis. How and why these cells are generated or how they are maintained for years is largely unknown. Rheumatoid arthritis is among the most common AIDs and characterized by autoantibodies recognizing proteins with post-translational modifications (PTMs). This PTM-directed, autoreactive B cell compartment is ill defined. Here, we visualized the B cell response against the three main types of PTM antigens implicated in RA by spectral flow cytometry. Our results show extensive cross-reactivity of autoreactive B cells against all three PTM antigens (citrulline, homocitrulline and acetyllysine). Unsupervised clustering revealed several distinct memory B cell (mBC) populations. Autoreactive cells clustered with the most recently activated, class-switched mBC phenotype, expressing high CD80, low CD24 and low CD21. Notably, patients also harbored large fractions of autoreactive plasmablasts (PB). Both PTM-directed mBC and PB showed high expression of CXCR3, a receptor for chemokines abundantly present in arthritic joints. Together, our data provide novel, detailed insight into the biology of B cell autoreactivity and its remarkable, seemingly exhaustless persistence in a prominent human AID.
Monitoring High-Temporal-Resolution Convective Stability Indices Using the Ground-Based Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) during the 3 May 1999 Oklahoma–Kansas Tornado Outbreak (2002)

Abstract The Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program has funded the development and installation of five atmospheric emitted radiance interferometer (AERI) systems around the Southern Great Plains Cloud and Radiation Test Bed located in Oklahoma and Kansas. The AERI instruments measure atmospheric emitted radiance to within 1% ambient radiance at 1 cm–1 spectral resolution from 520 to 3000 cm–1 (3–20 μm) at 10-min temporal resolution. This high-spectral-resolution radiance information is inverted through a form of the infrared radiative transfer equation to produce temperature and water vapor profiles within the planetary boundary layer (to 3 km), effectively mapping the thermodynamic state of the lower troposphere. Taking advantage of the 10-min resolution of the AERI thermodynamic profiles, the convective destabilization during the 3 May 1999 Oklahoma–Kansas tornado outbreak is analyzed. Tropospheric changes involving the rapid (on the order of 1–2 h) dissipation of a capping temp...
<i>Notch3</i> Gene Amplification in Ovarian Cancer (2006)

Gene amplification is one of the common mechanisms that activate oncogenes. In this study, we used single nucleotide polymorphism array to analyze genome-wide DNA copy number alterations in 31 high-grade ovarian serous carcinomas, the most lethal gynecologic neoplastic disease in women. We identified an amplicon at 19p13.12 in 6 of 31 (19.5%) ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas. This amplification was validated by digital karyotyping, quantitative real-time PCR, and dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. Comprehensive mRNA expression analysis of all 34 genes within the minimal amplicon identified Notch3 as the gene that showed most significant overexpression in amplified tumors compared with nonamplified tumors. Furthermore, Notch3 DNA copy number is positively correlated with Notch3 protein expression based on parallel immunohistochemistry and FISH studies in 111 high-grade tumors. Inactivation of Notch3 by both gamma-secretase inhibitor and Notch3-specific small interfering RNA suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in the cell lines that overexpressed Notch3 but not in those with minimal amount of Notch3 expression. These results indicate that Notch3 is required for proliferation and survival of Notch3-amplified tumors and inactivation of Notch3 can be a potential therapeutic approach for ovarian carcinomas.
Design and tuning of wind power plant voltage controller with embedded application of wind turbines and STATCOMs (2016)

This study addresses a detailed design and tuning of a wind power plant voltage control with reactive power contribution of wind turbines and static synchronous compensators (STATCOMs). First, small‐signal models of a single wind turbine and STATCOM are derived by using the state‐space approach. A complete phasor model of the entire wind power plant is constructed, being appropriate for voltage control assessment. An exemplary wind power plant located in the United Kingdom and the corresponding grid code requirements are used as a base case. The final design and tuning process of the voltage controller results in a guidance, proposed for this particular control architecture. It provides qualitative outcomes regarding the parametrisation of each individual control loop and how to adjust the voltage controller depending on different grid stiffnesses of the wind power plant connection. The performance of the voltage controller is analysed by means of a real‐time digital simulation system. The impact of discretising the controller being initially developed in continuous‐time domain is shown by various study cases.
Catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles with nitrogen/phosphorus co-doped porous carbon materials (2022)

A metal-free oxidative dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles utilizing a nitrogen/phosphorus co-doped porous carbon (NPCH) catalyst is reported. The optimal material is robust against traditional poisoning agents and shows high antioxidant resistance. It exhibits good catalytic performance for the synthesis of various quinoline, indole, isoquinoline, and quinoxaline 'on-water' under air atmosphere. The active sites in the NPCH catalyst are proposed to be phosphorus and nitrogen centers within the porous carbon network.
Impact of skeletal muscle loss during conversion therapy on clinical outcomes in lavage cytology positive patients with gastric cancer (2022)

Pre-treatment sarcopenia and the presence of SML during treatment are strongly correlated with the immediate and long-term outcomes of GC-CY<sub>1</sub> patients and can be used as imaging markers to predict the treatment efficacy and prognosis of patients in clinical practice.
Performance of 10-Gb/s transmission systems using MQW Mach-Zehnder modulators and electroabsorption modulators (1998)

The chirp and optical extinction ratio of multiple quantum well Mach-Zehnder modulators and electroabsorption modulators depend on the device design and the modulating voltage waveform. For transmission over non-dispersion shifted fiber, 10 Gb/s system performance is reviewed by considering joint optimization of the bias and modulation voltages. The implications of modulator design are examined taking into consideration group velocity dispersion and self-phase modulation arising from the Kerr nonlinearity. The results demonstrate that optimization of the bias and modulation voltages is effective for increasing the transmission distance, reducing the variation in performance obtained when Mach-Zehnder modulators of different designs are operated with maximum optical extinction ratio, and reducing the variation in performance obtained with different transmitted powers when electroabsorption modulators are operated with maximum optical extinction ratio.