gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
65nm SOI CMOS Technology for High Performance Microprocessor Application (2006)

This paper presents a state-of-the-art 65nm SOI CMOS transistor technology target for high performance microprocessor application. N/PFET shows short channel control meeting manufacturing margin at 32/35nm respectively. By using dual contact etch stop layer (CESL) process, PFET ion is 875muA/mum at I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">off</sub> =100nA/mum (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> =1.2V), which is 65% increase over 90nm node. The 65nm technology also offers SRAM cell sizes ranging from 0.499mum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2 </sup> to 0.64mum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> for various speed and density requirement
A Novel Oxime‐Derived Solid Support for the Synthesis of 3‐Phosphorylated Oligonucleotides (2003)

Abstract Oligonucleotides containing terminal phosphate groups serve as useful intermediates for different applications in molecular and cell biology, as well as for diagnostic purposes. The chemical synthesis of these derivatives has been an important topic of oligonucleotide research. We report here a novel polystyrene‐based solid support bearing an α ‐hydroxy oximate linker that allows the synthesis of 3′‐phosphorylated oligodeoxynucleotides as well as oligoribonucleotides in high quality. The formation of the phosphorylated oligonucleotides likely proceeds through an eliminative pathway with concurrent nitroso‐ene production.
Engineering of Orally Available, Ultralong-Acting Insulin Analogues: Discovery of OI338 and OI320 (2020)

Recently, the first basal oral insulin (OI338) was shown to provide similar treatment outcomes to insulin glargine in a phase 2a clinical trial. Here, we report the engineering of a novel class of basal oral insulin analogues of which OI338, <b>10</b>, in this publication, was successfully tested in the phase 2a clinical trial. We found that the introduction of two insulin substitutions, A14E and B25H, was needed to provide increased stability toward proteolysis. Ultralong pharmacokinetic profiles were obtained by attaching an albumin-binding side chain derived from octadecanedioic (C18) or icosanedioic acid (C20) to the lysine in position B29. Crucial for obtaining the ultralong PK profile was also a significant reduction of insulin receptor affinity. Oral bioavailability in dogs indicated that C18-based analogues were superior to C20-based analogues. These studies led to the identification of the two clinical candidates OI338 and OI320 (<b>10</b> and <b>24</b>, respectively).
Era of Error in Next Generation Sequencing: Examining a Hot Spot of p53 in Colorectal Cancer (2019)

Hancock, Kevin MD; Hsu, Willie PhD; Khanipov, Kamil PhD; Fofanov, Yuriy PhD; Suzanne Klimberg, VS MD, PhD, FACS; Sowers, Lawrence PhD Author Information
Synthesis and Evaluation of 3-(Dihydroxyboryl)benzoic Acids as <scp>d</scp>,<scp>d</scp>-Carboxypeptidase R39 Inhibitors (2009)

Penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) catalyze steps in the biosynthesis of bacterial cell walls and are the targets for the beta-lactam antibiotics. Non-beta-lactam based antibiotics that target PBPs are of interest because bacteria have evolved resistance to the beta-lactam antibiotics. Boronic acids have been developed as inhibitors of the mechanistically related serine beta-lactamases and serine proteases; however, they have not been explored extensively as PBP inhibitors. Here we report aromatic boronic acid inhibitors of the D,D-carboxypeptidase R39 from Actinomadura sp. strain. Analogues of an initially identified inhibitor [3-(dihydroxyboryl)benzoic acid 1, IC(50) 400 microM] were prepared via routes involving pinacol boronate esters, which were deprotected via a two-stage procedure involving intermediate trifluorborate salts that were hydrolyzed to provide the free boronic acids. 3-(Dihydroxyboryl)benzoic acid analogues containing an amide substituent in the meta, but not ortho position were up to 17-fold more potent inhibitors of the R39 PBP and displayed some activity against other PBPs. These compounds may be useful for the development of even more potent boronic acid based PBP inhibitors with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity.
Natural killer and lymphokine-activated cytotoxicity following anaesthesia in patients with uveal malignant melanoma (1997)

The role of enucleation in the treatment of ocular melanoma has been questioned by those who believe that it may increase circulating melanoma cells, increasing the incidence of metastases. Some aspects of the immune system are depressed by general anaesthesia, therefore this study was initiated to assess the effect of general anaesthesia on natural killer (NK) cell and interleukin-2 (IL-2)-activated cytotoxicity in 19 patients using 51Cr-labelled target cells (K 562 and SW 742). NK cytotoxicity was increased at induction and during the operation which was due to significant increases in female, but not male patients. At 1 week post-surgery, female patients had decreased NK cytotoxicity compared with males at this interval. NK cytotoxicity compared with males at this interval. NK cytotoxicity was increased intra-operatively when alfentanyl was used, and if the mean tumour diameter was > 15.0 mm the NK cytotoxicity was increased intra-operatively compared with that in patients with smaller tumours. IL-2-stimulated cytotoxicity was reduced at 1 day post-surgery in females only. There was an increased IL-2-stimulated cytotoxicity at induction when propofol was used and IL-2-stimulated cytotoxicity was reduced at 1 week post-operatively if the patient's mean tumour diameter was > 15.0 mm. If NK cell and lymphokine-stimulated cell cytotoxicity are involved in limiting metastatic disease, the patient' sex and tumour size and the anaesthetic agent used may influence the survival rates following surgery.
Natural Radionuclides Behavior into Synthetic Flowbacks From the Middle Magdalena Valley Basin (Colombia) (2022)

Summary The development of exploration in unconventional resources in Colombia has been an important advance in the hydrocarbons industry in this country, however, there are a lot of aspects to evaluate for an exploitation efficient and safe, one of this is the natural radioactivity, represented by the Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) presents in crust rocks since earth formation. Typically, all rocks contain both U-238 and Th-232 decay series, generating other radioisotopes associated according to the decay mode (alpha or beta). This project allows to demonstrate a better understanding of the activity concentration of the main natural radionuclides presents (U-238 and Th-232 decays), entrenching the previous studies and give an important value to build the first radiological modeling in this basin. Also, this research showed low doses and low activity concentrations of NORM, however, the results of multi elemental composition showed a high variability in the geological conditions and geochemical interaction which are very interesting and require a continuous monitoring at the basin. Finally, all results can be used as a tool to improve the way to radiological monitoring in oil &amp; gas industry in Colombia and an apport to the evaluation of the care to health and environmental.
Prediction of sensitivity thresholds in optoacoustic tomography (2010)

Since optoacoustic tomography is considered a high-resolution modality, determination of the absolute detection limit, as it relates to the sensitivity of biomarker detection is not straightforward. This is due to the fact that experimental determination of the sensitivity as a function of target size remains difficult since no established technique exists so far to reproducibly create very small targets containing well-defined concentrations of markers. We combine theoretical analysis with imaging results for large amounts of the marker and place the measured value on the appropriate parameter-dependent signal intensity curve. A performance estimate of the particular experimental system and the expected signal-to-noise-ratio for smaller amounts of markers can then be made.
Oorzaken van abortus bij zeugen (2007)

Abortus bij zeugen of het verlies van de foeti tussen dag 35 en 109 van de dracht leidt tot een groot financieel verlies
Optimal Sampling Frequency of Serum Cortisol Concentrations After Cardiac Surgery (2017)

[no abstract]
Short-Term Perioperative Outcomes and Complications in Chronic Immunosuppressant Users following Total Hip Arthroplasty (2017)

Abstract As the rate of total hip arthroplasties (THA) being performed continues to increase, orthopaedic surgeons are likely to operate on patients who use systemic immunosuppressants for a variety of ailments. It may be necessary to continue these medications perioperatively, and it has been reported that they may affect post-operative outcomes. The authors proposed the following questions: (1) Are perioperative outcomes (i.e., operative time, lengths-of-stay, and discharge disposition) affected by chronic immunosuppressant use during THA, and (2) does chronic immunosuppressant use increase the rate of complications within 30-days of THA? The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was used to identify all THAs from 2008 to 2014. Only osteoarthritis diagnoses were included, and any emergency or concurrent surgeries were excluded. The authors identified 64,796 cases that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Prior to surgery, 1,900 patients used chronic immunosuppressants, while 62,896 patients did not use immunosuppressants. Lengths-of-stay, operative time, discharge destination, and 30-day complication rates were the measured perioperative outcomes. To determine significant outcome differences between cohorts, univariate analysis was applied. Next, multivariate regression analysis helped determine if immunosuppressant use independently increased the risk for the measured outcomes and complications. Chronic immunosuppressant users were at higher risk of certain adverse perioperative outcomes and short-term complications. Compared with the control group, immunosuppressant users were more likely to be discharged to a non-home facility (odds ratio [OR]: 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.31). These patients also had greater rates of septic shock (OR: 2.88; 95% CI: 1.08–7.67) and 30-day readmission (OR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.10–1.70). Chronic immunosuppressant use leads to higher rates of complications and adverse outcomes following THA. Adverse outcomes related to immunosuppressant use included higher rates of non-home discharge. Complications related to immunosuppressant use included septic shock and 30-day readmission.
Från Jorden mot Universum (2016)

The night sky, both beautiful and mysterious, has been the subject of campfire stories, ancient myths and awe for as long as there have been people. A desire to comprehend the Universe may well be humanity’s oldest shared intellectual experience. Yet only recently have we truly begun to grasp our place in the vast cosmos. To learn about this journey of celestial discovery, from the theories of the ancient Greek astronomers to today’s grandest telescopes.
Glial tumor grading and outcome prediction using dynamic spin-echo MR susceptibility mapping compared with conventional contrast-enhanced MR: confounding effect of elevated rCBV of oligodendrogliomas [corrected]. (2004)

Elevated SE rCBV was a sensitive, but not specific, marker for high-grade histopathology: all high-grade tumors had nCBV foci values greater than 1.5. No tumor with nCBV region of interest less than 1.5 was high grade (100% predictive value for excluding high grade). Degree of nCBV elevation was a stronger predictor of both tumor grade and survival than was degree of enhancement. A significant proportion of low-grade glial neoplasms, most notably oligodendrogliomas, may display high rCBV foci not reflective of high-grade histopathology.
Synthesis of Novel Nucleic Acid Mimics <i>via</i> the Stereoselective Intermolecular Radical Coupling of 3‘-Iodo Nucleosides and Formaldoximes<sup>1</sup> (1996)

A highly convergent free radical coupling of alkyl iodides and oximes, mediated by bis(trimethylstannyl) benzopinacolate (8), has been utilized to prepare a series of dimeric nucleosides as mimics of natural nucleic acids. The systematic optimization of the reaction conditions allowed for the single-step conversion of the appropriate iodides and oximes into the 2'-deoxy dimers 9 in moderate to excellent yields. For example, the reaction of 3'-deoxy-3'-iodo-5'-(triphenylmethyl)thymidine (6a) with 3'-O-(tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)-5'-O-(methyleneimino)thymidine (7a) in the presence of 8 in degassed benzene gave an 81% yield of 3'-de(oxyphosphinico)-3'-(methyleneimino)-5'-O-(triphenylmethyl)thymidylyl-(3'-->5')-3'-O-(tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)thymidine (9a). Similarly prepared were dimers containing both pyrimidine (thymine, 5-methylcytosine) and purine (adenine, guanine) bases. The reaction was highly stereoselective, giving only a single dimeric species having the ribo-configuration of the newly introduced C-3'-branched methylene moiety. Also prepared were dimers 16, incorporating 2'-O-methyl ribonucleosides in both halves of the dimer. This required the synthesis of 3'-deoxy-3'-iodo-2'-O-methyl nucleosides 12 as well as 2'-O-methyl-5'-O-methyleneimino nucleosides 15. For example, 5'-O-(tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)-3'-deoxy-3'-iodo-2'-O-methyl-5-methyluridine (12e) was prepared in 80% yield by displacement of the corresponding triflate with Bu(4)NI. Also prepared were the suitably protected 3'-deoxy-3'-iodo adenosine and guanosine derivatives. Compounds 15 were prepared in high yield by a regioselective Mitsunobu reaction to give the corresponding 5'-O-phthalimido nucleosides 13, which were subsequently converted to the requisite oximes 15. In the 2'-O-methyl series, the pinacolate coupling reaction proceeded with efficiency equal to that observed for the 2'-deoxy series 9, but with slightly less stereoselectivity, giving predominantly the C-3'ribo products 16, contaminated with 5-25% of the epimeric material. Mixed base dimers containing both pyrimidine and purine bases at all possible positions, including purine-purine dimers were prepared. The hydroxylamine or methyleneimino (MI) backbone of several representative dimers so prepared was converted via methylation to give the corresponding methylenemethylimino (MMI)-linked compounds, which are novel phosphate surrogates for use in antisense oligonucleotides.
DRG microstimulation evokes postural responses in awake, standing felines (2019)

The distinct and repeatable effects on the postural response to low amplitude (<40 µA) DRG microstimulation support that this technique may be an effective way to restore somatosensory feedback after neurological injuries such as amputation.
Limiting Injury During Saphenous Vein Graft Preparation For Coronary Arterial Bypass Prevents Metabolic Decompensation (2017)

Standard harvest and preparation of human saphenous vein (HSV) for autologous coronary and peripheral arterial bypass procedures is associated with injury and increased oxidative stress that negatively affect graft performance. In this study we investigated the global metabolomic profiles of HSV before (unprepared; UP) and after standard vein graft preparation (AP). AP-HSV showed impaired vasomotor function that was associated with increased oxidative stress, phospholipid hydrolysis and energy depletion that are characteristic of mechanical and chemical injury. A porcine model (PSV) was utilized to validate these metabolomic changes in HSV and to determine the efficacy of an improved preparation technique (OP) using pressure-regulated distension, a non-toxic vein marker, and graft storage in buffered PlasmaLyte solution in limiting metabolic decompensation due to graft preparation. Deficits in vasomotor function and metabolic signature observed in AP-PSV could be largely mitigated with the OP procedure. These findings suggest that simple strategies aimed at reducing injury during graft harvest and preparation represents a straightforward and viable strategy to preserve conduit function and possibly improve graft patency.
Methylthioinosine Phosphorylase from<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. Structure and Annotation of a Novel Enzyme in Quorum Sensing (2011)

The PA3004 gene of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 was originally annotated as a 5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP). However, the PA3004 encoded protein uses 5'-methylthioinosine (MTI) as a preferred substrate and represents the only known example of a specific MTI phosphorylase (MTIP). MTIP does not utilize 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA). Inosine is a weak substrate with a k(cat)/K(m) value 290-fold less than MTI and is the second best substrate identified. The crystal structure of P. aeruginosa MTIP (PaMTIP) in complex with hypoxanthine was determined to 2.8 Å resolution and revealed a 3-fold symmetric homotrimer. The methylthioribose and phosphate binding regions of PaMTIP are similar to MTAPs, and the purine binding region is similar to that of purine nucleoside phosphorylases (PNPs). The catabolism of MTA in P. aeruginosa involves deamination to MTI and phosphorolysis to hypoxanthine (MTA → MTI → hypoxanthine). This pathway also exists in Plasmodium falciparum, where the purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PfPNP) acts on both inosine and MTI. Three tight-binding transition state analogue inhibitors of PaMTIP are identified with dissociation constants in the picomolar range. Inhibitor specificity suggests an early dissociative transition state for PaMTIP. Quorum sensing molecules are associated with MTA metabolism in bacterial pathogens suggesting PaMTIP as a potential therapeutic target.
(1,4-Diazabutadiene)nickel(O) complex (2,6-Ipr2C6H3N:CHCH:NC6H3-2,6-iPr2)Ni(CO)2 (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT(1,4-Diazabutadiene)nickel(O) complex (2,6-Ipr2C6H3N:CHCH:NC6H3-2,6-iPr2)Ni(CO)2Klaus R. Poerschke, Werner Bonrath, and Richard MynottCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 24, 5008–5009Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00349a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00349a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of the Prognostic Utility of the Cell Cycle Progression Score for Predicting Clinical Outcomes in African American and Non-African American Men with Localized Prostate Cancer (2018)

In this study we evaluated the ability of a combined molecular and clinical score to predict the progression of localized prostate cancer. We found that the combined molecular and clinical score predicted progression to metastasis regardless of patient ancestry or treatment. This suggests that the combined molecular and clinical score may be a valuable tool for determining the risk of metastasis in men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer in order to make appropriate treatment decisions.
ChemInform Abstract: New and Efficient Procedures for the Synthesis of Stereodefined 2‐( Hetero)aryl and 2‐Methyl‐Substituted Alkyl 2‐Alkenoates Having Very High Stereoisomeric Purity. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Author response: Structure of a bacterial RNA polymerase holoenzyme open promoter complex (2015)

The crystal structure of bacterial RNA polymerase bound to the transcription bubble reveals key features that support the formation of a double-strand/single-strand DNA junction at the upstream edge of the −10 element where bubble formation initiates.
A Dendronized Polymer Is a Single-Molecule Glass (2005)

The molecular architecture of dendronized polymers can be tuned to obtain nanoscale objects with desired properties. In this paper, we bring together experiments and computer simulations to study the thermodynamic and dynamic properties of a single dendronized polymer chain. We find that, upon changing certain architectural features, dynamic correlations characterizing backbone conformational fluctuations of a dendronized polymer exhibit dynamics akin to glass-forming bulk liquids. Thus, a dendronized polymer chain is a novel macromolecule that is a single-molecule glass. Over a range of conditions that lead to glassy dynamics, there does not appear to be any thermodynamic singularities. We discuss how a dendronized polymer is a molecular system that can directly test different models of glassy dynamics. We also show that defect densities characteristic of typical synthesis conditions do not alter the material properties of dendronized polymers.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Human Bone Marrow–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Intravascular Delivery of Oncolytic Adenovirus Δ24-RGD to Human Gliomas (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Human Bone Marrow–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Intravascular Delivery of Oncolytic Adenovirus Δ24-RGD to Human Gliomas
Epoxy– diamine thermoset/thermoplastic blends: thermoset reactions and rheological evolutions during curing (2000)

Isothermal rates of reaction during the cure of epoxy-amine/thermoplastic blends were studied. Epoxy-amine reaction induces a phase separation. Experimental results show that when TP concentration is higher than 30 wt% an increase of reaction rate is observed after phase separation. A modelling of the kinetics of each phase before and after phase separation, shows that in the epoxy-amine rich phase, gelation occurs for a conversion close to 0.6. Rheological behaviour was studied during the cure. The viscosity was found greatly dependent of the morphology, the epoxy amine conversion and of the evolution of the phase composition. Modelling of the viscosity using simple relations gives a good fit of the experimental results during the cure.