gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Fully Inkjet-Printed Wireless and Chipless Sensor for CO<sub>2</sub>and Temperature Detection (2014)

A study on a low-cost wireless fully inkjet-printed chipless sensor on a flexible laminate with three different inks is presented. It is based on two split ring resonator 90° oriented between each other to allow for independent responses on two polarizations. A deposit of a polymer/single walled carbon nanotube composite ink is used to allow for the detection of CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> as well as temperature. In this paper, it is shown that the inkjet printing of a polymer-based coating on top of the sensing/reactive deposit can significantly reduce the sensitivity to CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , whereas the temperature sensitivity stays at same. Simulations and experimental results verify the repeatability of this topology.
T-cell based cancer immunotherapy with a bispecific antibody directed at CD3 and EGFR (2005)

2552 Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is expressed on various normal and malignant human tissues. Overexpression of EGFR and its role in proliferation of some malignant tumor cells make it a therapeutic target. Unfortunately, results from clinical trials suggest limited anti-tumor activity mediated by anti-EGFR (cetuximab) despite high affinity (HA) binding to the receptor. Exploiting this HA for for cytotoxic T cell therapy, we developed a bispecific antibody, EGFRBi, produced by chemical heteroconjugation of anti-CD3 and anti-EGFR, with which we then arm activated T cells (ATC). Methods: ATC from normal and patient donors were expanded ex vivo. Specific cytolytic activity of ATC armed with EGFRBi (50 ng/106 ATC; dose-titration optimized) against EGFR-expressing cell lines derived from lung (A549, Calu-6, IMR-90); pancreas (MIA PaCa-2, COLO 356/FG); colon (LS174T, HCT-8); brain (U-373 MG, U-87 MG; SK-N-MC); and skin (SCC-25, A431) or an EGFR-negative breast carcinoma (MDA-MB-453) was evaluated in Cr51 release assays. Results: At effector:target ratios (E:T) ranging from 3.125:1 to 50:1, EGFRBi-armed ATC induced significant cytotoxicity (23 to 79%, respectively) against all the EGFR+ cell lines compared to unarmed ATC, unconjugated mAbs, or ATC armed with an irrelevant BiAb (OKT3 x Rituximab, CD20Bi). No enhanced EGFRBi-armed ATC killing was noted against the EGFR- cells, and cytotoxicity was competitively blocked in the presence of cetuximab. After binding to EGFR+ tumor cells, EGFRBi-armed ATC secreted significantly higher levels of anti-tumor associated cytokines, IL2, RANTES, IFNγ and TNFα, compared to unarmed or CD20Bi-armed ATC. Conclusions: Our studies show significantly enhanced, specific cytotoxicity mediated by EGFRBi-armed ATC directed at multiple tumor cell lines expressing EGFR compared to treatment with unarmed ATC or cetuximab alone. Combining anti-EGFR antibody targeting with non-MHC restricted cytotoxicity of ATC into a single biologic drug may bypass limitations of receptor functional status when using cetuximab alone. These data and in vivo observations in an animal model provide the basis for phase I/II clinical trials using EGFRBi-armed ATC to target various tumor types. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Practical Dry Calibration With Medium Adaptation For Fluid-Immersed Endoscopy (2015)

A few endoscopic procedures are performed with a fluid-immersed endoscope. Fetoscopy is one such minimally invasive procedure which allows observation and intervention within the amniotic sac during pregnancy. The fetoscope is inserted through the uterus and is immersed in amniotic fluid. Fluid has a strong influence on the image formation process due to refraction at the interface of the fetoscopic lens which is determined by the optical properties of the amniotic medium. Accurate calibration is critical to vision-based methods for providing image-guided surgery and real-time information from the surgical site [1]. It consists of recording images of a calibration target of known geometric pattern in order to estimate optical properties of a camera. In the case of a fetoscope, calibration should be realised in the amniotic fluid which cannot be practically realised. A fluid-immersed pre-intervention calibration is also impractical for sterilisation purposes. Few computer vision methods address this issue and most of them are not adapted to the wide field of view as well as the severe distortion effect of a fetoscope. We experimentally show a direct link between dry and fluid-immersed camera parameters which can compensate for the optical properties of bodily or amniotic fluid as well as radial distortion effects.
Robusta: Robust AutoML for Feature Selection via Reinforcement Learning (2021)

Several AutoML approaches have been proposed to automate the machine learning (ML) process, such as searching for the ML model architectures and hyper-parameters. However, these AutoML pipelines only focus on improving the learning accuracy of benign samples while ignoring the ML model robustness under adversarial attacks. As ML systems are increasingly being used in a variety of mission-critical applications, improving the robustness of ML systems has become of utmost importance. In this paper, we propose the first robust AutoML framework, Robusta--based on reinforcement learning (RL)--to perform feature selection, aiming to select features that lead to both accurate and robust ML systems. We show that a variation of the 0-1 robust loss can be directly optimized via an RL-based combinatorial search in the feature selection scenario. In addition, we employ heuristics to accelerate the search procedure based on feature scoring metrics, which are mutual information scores, tree-based classifiers feature importance scores, F scores, and Integrated Gradient (IG) scores, as well as their combinations. We conduct extensive experiments and show that the proposed framework is able to improve the model robustness by up to 22% while maintaining competitive accuracy on benign samples compared with other feature selection methods.
Fingerprint Profile of Alcohol‐Associated Heart Failure in Human Hearts (2008)

We report for the first time a genomic "fingerprint" profile of de-regulated genes associated with human alcohol-induced heart failure. We conclude that the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced heart failure in humans is likely related to changes in architectural (e.g. cytoskeletal), matrix, and/or structural proteins. The reversibility of the disease upon cessation of alcohol consumption makes this a likely pathogenetic mechanism. Nevertheless, there is a point at which extracellular as well as cellular changes result in irreversible heart failure.
Liquid-Solid Coexisting Annealing of a-GeSn/Si(100) Structure for Low Temperature Epitaxial Growth of SiGe (2013)

To develop a new low-temperature crystallization technique, annealing characteristics of a-GeSn/Si(100) structures are investigated. It is revealed that epitaxial growth accompanying Si-Ge mixing is generated at temperatures in the liquid-solid coexisting region of the Ge-Sn system. The annealing temperature necessary for epitaxial growth is significantly decreased by increasing annealing time and/or Sn concentration. Consequently, epitaxial growth at 300°C becomes possible. These findings are expected to be useful to realize next-generation large-scale integrated circuits, where various multi-functional devices are integrated.
Induction of the POU Domain Transcription Factor Oct-2 during T-Cell Activation by Cognate Antigen (1992)

Oct-2 is a transcription factor that binds specifically to octamer DNA motifs in the promoters of immunoglobulin and interleukin-2 genes. All tumor cell lines from the B-cell lineage and a few from the T-cell lineage express Oct-2. To address the role of Oct-2 in the T-cell lineage, we studied the expression of Oct-2 mRNA and protein in nontransformed human and mouse T cells. Oct-2 was found in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells prepared from human peripheral blood and in mouse lymph node T cells. In a T-cell clone specific for pigeon cytochrome c in the context of I-Ek, Oct-2 was induced by antigen stimulation, with the increase in Oct-2 protein seen first at 3 h after activation and continuing for at least 24 h. Oct-2 mRNA induction during antigen-driven T-cell activation was blocked by cyclosporin A, as well as by protein synthesis inhibitors. These results suggest that Oct-2 participates in transcriptional regulation during T-cell activation. The relatively delayed kinetics of Oct-2 induction suggests that Oct-2 mediates the changes in gene expression which occur many hours or days following antigen stimulation of T lymphocytes.
Electronic structures of SiO <sub>2</sub> thin films via Ar gas cluster ion beam sputtering (2014)

The electronic structure of a SiO 2 thin film on a Si substrate after Ar gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) sputtering was investigated using photoemission spectroscopy whose results were compared with those obtained via mono‐atomic Ar ion beam sputtering. The depth profile of the SiO 2 thin film revealed that Ar ion sputtering had a great deal of influence on electronic structure of the SiO 2 thin film. However, Ar GCIB sputtering under sample rotation at the grazing incident angle did not exhibit any significant transition of electronic structure of the SiO 2 thin film. The valence band structure of the SiO 2 thin film during Ar GCIB sputtering was almost the same as that of the as‐grown SiO 2 thin film. Our results showed that Ar GCIB could be useful for potential applications of oxide materials. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Constrained Function-Based Message Authentication for Sensor Networks (2011)

Sensor networks are vulnerable to false data injection attack and path-based denial of service (PDoS) attack. While conventional authentication schemes are insufficient for solving these security conflicts, an en-route filtering scheme, enabling each forwarding node to check the authenticity of the received message, acts as a defense against these two attacks. To construct an efficient en-route filtering scheme, this paper first presents a Constrained Function-based message Authentication (CFA) scheme, which can be thought of as a hash function directly supporting the en-route filtering functionality. Obviously, the crux of the scheme lies on the design of guaranteeing each sensor to have en-route filtering capability. Together with the redundancy property of sensor networks, which means that an event can be simultaneously observed by multiple sensor nodes, the devised CFA scheme is used to construct a CFA-based en-route filtering (CFAEF) scheme. In addition to the resilience against false data injection and PDoS attacks, CFAEF is inherently resilient against false endorsement-based DoS attack. In contrast to most of the existing methods, which rely on complicated security associations among sensor nodes, our design, which directly exploits an en-route filtering hash function, appears to be novel. We examine the CFA and CFAEF schemes from both the theoretical and numerical aspects to demonstrate their efficiency and effectiveness. Moreover, prototype implementation on TelosB mote demonstrates the practicality of our proposed method.
[Fructose 1,6-diphosphate can be a substrate to accelerate glycolysis]. (1995)

Fructose 1,6-diphosphate (F1, 6P) is a glycolytic intermediate which has already been used clinically to treat congestive heart failure. F1, 6P has been shown experimentally to improve glycolytic flux, although theoretical background is unclear. Since there is two possible mechanism of F1, 6P effect on acceleration of glycolysis, including pharmacological effect and substrate effect, we sought to determine the real mechanism of action of F1, 6P on glycolysis. Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts were infused with F1, 6P (5 and 10 mM) in a first group, and in a second group, 30 minutes of perfusion with modified Krebs-Henselit (K-H) buffer with reduced glucose concentration (5 mM), plus 2-deoxy glucose (5 mM) and with or without 10 mM F1, 6P followed by 30 minutes of wash with normal K-H buffer. We measured contractile function, oxygen consumption, and high energy phosphate by 31p-NMR spectroscopy. In the first group of experiments, F1, 6P resulted in a dose dependent increase in high energy phosphate production and inorganic phosphate (Pi). There was also a marked decline in developed pressure (Dev P) due mostly to the ability of F1, 6P to chelate calcium. Intracellular Mg2+ which was also reduced during F1, 6P infusion might be related to intracellular Ca2+ and/or accelerated glycolysis. In the model of glycolysis inhibited by 2-DG, Dev P was consistently decreased during the infusion of 2-DG, and wash-out period along with the deterioration of high energy phosphate. However, F1, 6P could provide excellent recovery of contractile function after wash along with superior high energy potential during the 2-DG infusion and wash.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of the Flow in a Centrifugal Compressor Volute (1992)

Detailed measurements of the swirling flow in a centrifugal compressor volute with elliptical cross section are presented. They show important variations of the swirl- and throughflow velocity, total and static pressure distribution at the different volute cross sections and at the diffuser exit. The basic mechanisms defining the complex 3D flow structure are clarified. The different sources of pressure losses have been investigated and used to improve the prediction capability of one dimensional mean streamline analysis correlations. The tangential flow loss model, under decelerating flow conditions, and friction loss model are confirmed. New emprical loss coefficients are proposed for the exit cone loss model and the tangential flow loss model for the case of accelerating flow in the volute.
Bandwidth variation and control for ATM networks (2002)

The asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) is considered a viable transport multiplexing technique for broadband integrated services digital networks (B-ISDNs). The impact on ATM network performance due to the varying bandwidth of services used is analyzed. A means of controlling the bandwidth crossover is presented. It is shown that, as more calls cross over from a lower to higher bandwidth, the network suffers from higher connection blocking. The crossover availability declines as more calls cross over and increase the bandwidth used. A slight increase in overall throughput is observed, since the network carries more crossover calls with the increased bandwidth. It is also shown that limitations can be placed on the amount of bandwidth that the crossover calls can occupy to protect the constant-bandwidth calls and keep and network connection blocking below a certain level. A dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm is presented and evaluated as advantageous in terms of equitable bandwidth accessibility and overall cell throughput improvement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Magnon-mediated interlayer coupling in an all-antiferromagnetic junction (2021)

The interlayer coupling mediated by fermions in ferromagnets brings about parallel and anti-parallel magnetization orientations of two magnetic layers, resulting in the giant magnetoresistance, which forms the foundation in spintronics and accelerates the development of information technology. However, the interlayer coupling mediated by another kind of quasi-particle, boson, is still lacking. Here we demonstrate such a static interlayer coupling at room temperature in an antiferromagnetic junction Fe2O3/Cr2O3/Fe2O3, where the two antiferromagnetic Fe2O3 layers are functional materials and the antiferromagnetic Cr2O3 layer serves as a spacer. The Néel vectors in the top and bottom Fe2O3 are strongly orthogonally coupled, which is bridged by a typical bosonic excitation (magnon) in the Cr2O3 spacer. Such an orthogonally coupling exceeds the category of traditional collinear interlayer coupling via fermions in ground state, reflecting the fluctuating nature of the magnons, as supported by our magnon quantum well model. Besides the fundamental significance on the quasi-particle-mediated interaction, the strong coupling in an antiferromagnetic magnon junction makes it a realistic candidate for practical antiferromagnetic spintronics and magnonics with ultrahigh-density integration.
Evolutionary divergence of the Citrobacter freundii tryptophan operon regulatory region: comparison with other enteric bacteria (1982)

The regulatory region of the trp operon of Citrobacter freundii was sequenced and compared with the corresponding regions of other enteric bacteria. Significant differences were noted in the promoter region. These differences are presumably responsible for the weak expression of the cloned trp operon in Escherichia coli. The presumed operator region, although nonfunctional in E. coli, has dyad symmetry, but the sequence of the symmetrical region differs appreciably from those of operators that can be regulated by the E. coli trp repressor. The sequence of the trp leader region of C. freundii resembles that of other enteric bacteria, suggesting that the C. freundii operon is also regulated by attenuation. Comparison of the sequence of the initial portion of trpE with the homologous regions of E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium indicates that the three organisms probably are evolutionary equidistant.
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex and the Ketogenic Diet (2005)

In this limited-duration case series of 12 patients, the ketogenic diet was a generally effective therapeutic modality for the intractable epilepsy occasionally seen in children with TSC.
SARS-CoV-2 Point Mutation and Deletion Spectra and Their Association with Different Disease Outcomes (2022)

Mutant spectra of RNA viruses are important to understand viral pathogenesis and response to selective pressures. There is a need to characterize the complexity of mutant spectra in coronaviruses sampled from infected patients. In particular, the possible relationship between SARS-CoV-2 mutant spectrum complexity and disease associations has not been established. In the present study, we report an ultradeep sequencing (UDS) analysis of the mutant spectrum of amplicons from the nsp12 (polymerase)- and spike (S)-coding regions of 30 nasopharyngeal isolates (diagnostic samples) of SARS-CoV-2 of the first COVID-19 pandemic wave (Madrid, Spain, April 2020) classified according to the severity of ensuing COVID-19. Low-frequency mutations and deletions, counted relative to the consensus sequence of the corresponding isolate, were overwhelmingly abundant. We show that the average number of different point mutations, mutations per haplotype, and several diversity indices was significantly higher in SARS-CoV-2 isolated from patients who developed mild disease than in those associated with moderate or severe disease (exitus). No such bias was observed with RNA deletions. Location of amino acid substitutions in the three-dimensional structures of nsp12 (polymerase) and S suggest significant structural or functional effects. Thus, patients who develop mild symptoms may be a richer source of genetic variants of SARS-CoV-2 than patients with moderate or severe COVID-19. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> The study shows that mutant spectra of SARS-CoV-2 from diagnostic samples differ in point mutation abundance and complexity and that significantly larger values were observed in virus from patients who developed mild COVID-19 symptoms. Mutant spectrum complexity is not a uniform trait among isolates. The nature and location of low-frequency amino acid substitutions present in mutant spectra anticipate great potential for phenotypic diversification of SARS-CoV-2.
Correction to: Identification and rejection of pile-up jets at high pseudorapidity with the ATLAS detector (2017)

Correction to: Eur. Phys. J. C DOI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5081-5. Unfortunately, in the original version of this article the copyright holder was wrong in the HTML. The original article has been corrected.
LC-MS/MS characterization of phospholipid content in daptomycin-susceptible and -resistant isolates of<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>with mutations in<i>mprF</i> (2012)

Daptomycin (DAP) is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic used for the treatment of certain Staphylococcus aureus infections. Although rare, strains have been isolated that are DAP resistant. These strains usually have mutations in mprF, a gene encoding a membrane protein with both lysylphosphatidylglycerol (LPG) synthase and flippase activities. Because ΔmprF strains have increased DAP susceptibility, the mechanism of resistance is not likely due to a loss of mprF function. In this study, we developed an LC-MS assay to examine the effect of different mprF mutations on the ratio of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) to LPG in the membrane. Our assay demonstrated that some, but not all, mutations in the flippase and synthase domains result in small but reproducible increases in the proportion of LPG relative to PG. Techniques described herein represent a higher throughput and more sensitive method for measuring relative phospholipids levels. These results offer guidance in the understanding of how mprF confers DAP resistance; namely, mprF-mediated resistance may be through more than one mechanism, including increased overall LPG synthesis and increased LPG present on the outer leaflet of the cytoplasmic membrane.
Re-healable polyimine thermosets: polymer composition and moisture sensitivity (2016)

We report the effect of polymer composition on moisture sensitivity and rehealability of polyimine thermosets.
Photocuring Graphene Oxide Liquid Crystals for High-Strength Structural Materials (2022)

Graphene is the strongest known material. However, the challenge of translating that strength from the microscale to the more useful macroscale remains unmet. Preparing solid structures from self-assembled graphene oxide liquid crystals has allowed the creation of paper and fibers with excellent mechanical properties. Conventionally, vacuum filtration, wet spinning, and freeze-drying are used to prepare such structures from graphene oxide liquid crystals. Here, we introduce photocuring as an additional option to create solid structures of self-assembled graphene oxide liquid crystals that allows for thicker samples and other shapes to be realized. The photocured graphene oxide paper prepared here exhibited mechanical properties comparable to those of benchmark samples prepared by vacuum filtration.
Brain-computer interface in multimedia communication (2003)

This article raises various issues in the design of an efficient BCI system in multimedia applications. The main focus is on one specific modality, namely an electroencephalography (EEG)-based BCI. In doing so, we provide an overview of the most recent progress achieved in this field, with an emphasis on signal processing aspects.
Stress testing on silicon carbide electronic devices for prognostics and health management. (2011)

Power conversion systems for energy storage and other distributed energy resource applications are among the drivers of the important role that power electronics plays in providing reliable electricity. Wide band gap semiconductors such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN) will help increase the performance and efficiency of power electronic equipment while condition monitoring (CM) and prognostics and health management (PHM) will increase the operational availability of the equipment and thereby make it more cost effective. Voltage and/or temperature stress testing were performed on a number of SiC devices in order to accelerate failure modes and to identify measureable shifts in electrical characteristics which may provide early indication of those failures. Those shifts can be interpreted and modeled to provide prognostic signatures for use in CM and/or PHM. Such experiments will also lead to a deeper understanding of basic device physics and the degradation mechanisms behind failure.