gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiple bonds between main-group elements and transition metals. 86. Methyltrioxorhenium(VII) and trioxo(.eta.5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhenium(VII): structures, spectroscopy and electrochemistry (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultiple bonds between main-group elements and transition metals. 86. Methyltrioxorhenium(VII) and trioxo(.eta.5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhenium(VII): structures, spectroscopy and electrochemistryWolfgang A. Herrmann, Paul Kiprof, Kristin Rypdal, Janos Tremmel, Richard Blom, Roger Alberto, Joachim Behm, Rolf W. Albach, Hans Bock, and Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 17, 6527–6537Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00017a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00017a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views537Altmetric-Citations105LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multi-step ahead response time prediction for single server queuing systems (2011)

Multi-step ahead response time prediction of CPU constrained computing systems is vital for admission control, overload protection and optimization of resource allocation in these systems. CPU constrained computing systems such as web servers can be modeled as single server queuing systems. These systems are stochastic and nonlinear. Thus, a well-designed nonlinear prediction scheme would be able to represent the dynamics of such a system much better than a linear scheme. A nonlinear autoregressive neural network with exogenous inputs based multi-step ahead response time predictor has been developed. The proposed estimator has many promising characteristics that make it a viable candidate for being implemented in admission control products for computing systems. It has a simple structure, is nonlinear, supports multi-step ahead prediction, and works very well under time variant and non-stationary scenarios such as single server queuing systems under time varying mean arrival rate. Performance of the proposed predictor is evaluated through simulation. Simulations show that the proposed predictor is able to predict the response times of single server queuing systems in multi-step ahead with very good precision represented by very small mean absolute and mean squared prediction errors. (Less)
Abstract 223: High-throughput drug discovery against breast cancer stem cells (2014)

Abstract The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis postulates that tumors are maintained by a self-renewing CSC population that is also capable of differentiating into non-self renewing cell populations that constitute the bulk of the tumor. Clinically, CSCs are predicted to mediate tumor recurrence after chemotherapy and radiotherapy due to the relative inability of these modalities to effectively target CSCs. Therefore, new therapies that target CSC must be developed and combined with standard therapy to achieve a true cure. Targeting breast CSC represents an attractive avenue for developing therapeutics; however, there are multiple pools of breast CSCs utilizing distinct signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin &amp; NF-κB. These breast CSC pools are identified using flow cytometry as cells with high expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), CD44+CD24-, or CD90+. We have developed a high-throughput flow cytometry based screen against CD90+ breast CSCs. We screened ∼18,500 small molecules for inhibitors of CD90+ frequency and identified 19 compounds. Here, we will present data examining this compounds against ALDH+, and CD44+CD24- breast CSCs. By identifying compounds with that target multiple pools of breast CSCs, these compounds might be exploited in future drug development endeavors. Citation Format: Sean P. McDermott, Fatou Ndaw, Alexandra Fox, Steve R. Vander Roest, Martha J. Larsen, Max S. Wicha. High-throughput drug discovery against breast cancer stem cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 223. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-223
Immunoreactive insulin and insulin-degrading activity in rat fecal extracts (1986)

The insulin-degrading activity and insulin content of aqueous extracts of rat fecal material isolated from the proximal colon were measured by radioimmunoassay in the presence and absence of various inhibitors of proteolysis. In the absence of protease inhibitors, up to 40% of the (/sup 125/I)-insulin present in radioimmunoassay tubes was degraded to a form that was not precipitated by trichloroacetic acid. In the presence of bacitracin, EDTA or a mixture of protease inhibitors, insulin degradation was diminished to < 10%. The concentration of insulin in aqueous extracts of rat proximal colon fecal material was found to be small but significant, ranging from 10-120 ..mu..U/g wet weight when measured in the presence of protease inhibitors. The efficacy of various protease inhibitors differed when added to the aqueous fecal extract than when added to rat serum suggesting that a distinct insulinase activity was present in rat feces. Degradation of exogenously added (/sup 125/I)-insulin by the aqueous fecal extract was time- and temperature-dependent. Fecal samples obtained from streptozotocin-diabetic rats contained reduced amounts of insulin, suggesting that the fecal insulin was produced partially, but not exclusively, in the pancreas. These results indicate that fecal material in the rat proximal colon contains small amounts ofmore » insulin, as well as a rich supply of insulinase activity, and that insulin receptors located on the mucosal surface of proximal colon epithelial cells may be exposed to insulin in vivo.« less
Highly efficient gene transfer in naive human T cells with a murine leukemia virus-based vector (2000)

Abstract Retroviral vectors based on the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MuLV) have become the primary tool for gene delivery into hematopoietic cells, but clinical trials have been hampered by low transduction efficiencies. Recently, we and others have shown that gene transfer of MuLV-based vectors into T cells can be significantly augmented using a fibronectin-facilitated protocol. Nevertheless, the relative abilities of naive (CD45RA+) and memory (CD45RO+) lymphocyte subsets to be transduced has not been assessed. Although naive T cells demonstrate a restricted cytokine profile following antigen stimulation and a decreased susceptibility to infection with human immunodeficiency virus, it was not clear whether they could be efficiently infected with a MuLV vector. This study describes conditions that permitted gene transfer of an enhanced green fluorescent protein-expressing retroviral vector in more than 50% of naive umbilical cord (UC) blood and peripheral blood (PB) T cells following CD3/CD28 ligation. Moreover, treatment of naive T cells with interleukin-7 resulted in the maintenance of a CD45RA phenotype and gene transfer levels approached 20%. Finally, it was determined that parameters for optimal transduction of CD45RA+ T cells isolated from PB and UC blood differed: transduction of the UC cells was significantly increased by the presence of autologous mononuclear cells (24.5% versus 56.5%). Because naive T cells harbor a receptor repertoire that allows them to respond to novel antigens, the development of protocols targeting their transduction is crucial for gene therapy applications. This approach will also allow the functions of exogenous genes to be evaluated in primary nontransformed naive T cells.
65 nm HR SOI CMOS Technology: emergence of Millimeter-Wave SoC (2007)

Today, measurement of 65 nm CMOS and 130 nm-based SiGe HBTs technologies demonstrate both Ftau (current gain cut-off frequency) and Fmax (maximum oscillation frequency) higher than 200 GHz, which are clearly comparable to advanced commercially available 100 nm III-V HEMT. Consequently, the integration of full transceiver at 60 GHz has been achieved both in SiGe bipolar and CMOS technology. In the same time passive circuits working at 220 GHz have been achieved and characterized on high resistivity SOI demonstrating state-of-the-art performances and good agreement with electrical simulations using developed models. Moreover, HR SOI has also demonstrated some advantages concerning the performances of integrated antennas and a first fully integrated prototype with amplifier, filter and antenna has already been achieved using STMicroelectronics 130 nm CMOS HR SOI technology. This paper will review the MMW performances of STMicrolectronics 65 nm CMOS HR SOI technology from device up to circuit level and discuss the opportunities of MMW SoC integrated on CMOS HR SOI technology.
Dynamic Behavior of Torsional Eddy-Current Dampers: Sensitivity of the Design Parameters (2007)

Eddy-current devices are promising for the passive and semi-active control of vibrations. From the electromechanical point of view, their behavior is characterized by the torque-to-speed curve and the mechanical impedance. In this paper, we report an investigation of the electromechanical behavior of eddy-current dampers/couplers consisting of permanent magnets and a massive conductor. Our goal was to determine the influence of the main design parameters on the torque-to-speed characteristic and on the mechanical impedance. To this end, we studied the dependence of the electrical pole and static damping coefficient on the design parameters under a given current density distribution within the conductor. This approach is equivalent to the procedure used to characterize the inductance and the torque constant of a standard electrical machine and it allows us to show that the electrical pole is determined by the inductive and resistive nature of the conductive part. Even if the conductor is realized by a solid conductor, the approach allows us to determine its equivalent resistance and inductance as a function of the design parameters, such as the number of pole pairs and the thicknesses of the permanent magnets and the conductor. We validated the analytical expressions of the equivalent lumped parameters, of the electrical pole, and of the static damping coefficient by finite-element analysis. This analysis provides the guidelines to identify the project parameters that can be varied to optimize the performances of the device as a coupler, damper, or brake.
Fragment library screening by X-ray crystallography and hit optimization against thioredoxin glutathione reductase of Schistosoma mansoni (2023)

Abstract Schistosomiasis is caused by parasites of the genus Schistosoma , which infect more than 200 million people. While praziquantel (PZQ) has been the main drug for controlling schistosomiasis for over four decades, PZQ drug resistant strains have already been reported, highlighting the need to search for new schistosomicidal drugs. S. mansoni survival relies on the redox enzyme thioredoxin glutathione reductase ( Sm TGR), a validated target for the development of new anti-schistosomal drugs. Here we report a fragment screening campaign of 768 compounds against Sm TGR using X-ray crystallography and our efforts to optimize the hits found into potent inhibitors. We observed 49 binding events involving 35 distinct molecular fragments which were found to be distributed across 16 binding sites. Most sites are described for the first time within Sm TGR, a noteworthy exception being the “door stop pocket” near the NADPH binding site. Fragments binding to the latter were prioritized to undergo a “SAR by catalog” strategy for optimization into potential inhibitors. A search for compounds containing any of the prioritized fragments as a substructure was made in commercial databases. The ability of these compounds to inhibit Sm TGR was predicted based on a binary ML classification model, followed by an analysis of the putative binding mode by molecular docking. The 38 best ranked compounds were purchased and experimentally evaluated for Sm TGR inhibition. Compound 14 inhibited 63.6% of enzyme activity at 100 µM and presented an estimated IC 50 of 33 µM against Sm TGR.
Comparative study of differential matrix and extended polar decomposition formalisms for polarimetric characterization of complex tissue-like turbid media (2012)

Development of methodologies for quantification/unique interpretation of the intrinsic polarimetry characteristics of biological tissues are important for various applications involving tissue characterization/diagnosis. A detailed comparative evaluation of the polar decomposition and the differential matrix decomposition of Mueller matrices for extraction/quantification of the intrinsic polarimetry characteristics (with special emphasis on linear retardance δ, optical rotation Ψ and depolarization Δ parameters was performed, because these are the most prominent tissue polarimetry effects) from complex tissue-like turbid media exhibiting simultaneous scattering and polarization effects. The results suggest that for media exhibiting simultaneous linear retardance and optical rotation polarization events, the use of retarder polar decomposition with its associated analysis which assumes sequential occurrence of these effects, results in systematic underestimation of δ and overestimation of Ψ parameters. Analytical relationships between the polarization parameters (δ, Ψ) extracted from both the retarder polar decomposition and the differential matrix decomposition for either simultaneous or sequential occurrence of the linear retardance and optical rotation effects were derived. The self-consistency of both decompositions is validated on experimental Mueller matrices recorded from tissue-simulating phantoms (whose polarization properties are controlled, known a-priori, and exhibited simultaneously) of increasing biological complexity. Additional theoretical validation tests were performed on Monte Carlo-generated Mueller matrices from analogous turbid media exhibiting simultaneous depolarization (Δ), linear retardance (δ) and optical rotation (Ψ) effects. After successful evaluation, the potential advantage of the differential matrix decomposition over the polar decomposition formalism was explored for monitoring of myocardial tissue regeneration following stem cell therapy.
Prognostic Value of Circulating Melanoma Cells Detected by Reverse Transcriptase–Polymerase Chain Reaction (2003)

Detection of CMCs in peripheral blood samples at the time of MM diagnosis by semiquantitative RT-PCR does not add any significant predictive value to the stage of disease. Thus, this approach should not be used in clinical practice, and further studies are required to determine its usefulness.
Anatomy of Soft Tissues of the Spinal Canal (1999)

Background and Objectives.Important issues regarding the spread of solutions in the epidural space and the anatomy of the site of action of spinal and epidural injections are unresolved.However, the detailed anatomy of the spinal canal has been incompletely determined.We therefore examined the microscopic anatomy of the spinal canal soft tissues, including relationships to the canal walls.Methods.Whole mounts were prepared of decalcified vertebral columns with undisturbed contents from three adult humans.Similar material was prepared from a macaque and baboon immediately on death to control for artifact of tissue change after death.Other tissues examined included nerve root and proximal spinal nerve complex and dorsal epidural fat obtained during surgery.Slides were examined by light microscopy at magnifications of 10-40X.Results.There is no fibrous tissue in the epidural space.The epidural fat is composed of uniform cells enclosed in a fine membrane.The dorsal
Establishment and validation of a pre‐clinical, multi‐center, multi‐species consortium for the assessment of infarct size‐reducing agents: CAESAR (Consortium for the preclinicAl assESsment of cARdioprotective therapies) (LB698) (2014)

Despite decades of effort and staggering financial support, the cardioprotection field failed to deliver a drug that effectively reduces infarct size in patients. To address the limitations to such preclinical studies and promote progress in this critical area of medical research, we established the Consortium for preclinicAl assESsment of cARdioprotective therapies (CAESAR). The first step for CAESAR’s validation involved testing the “gold standard” for infarct size limitation: ischemic preconditioning (IPC). CAESAR tested the capacity for IPC to reduce infarct size in three species (at two sites/species): mouse (n=22‐25/group), rabbit (n=11‐12/group), and pig (n=13/group). During this validation phase, we confirmed that IPC significantly (p&lt;0.05) reduced infarct size in all species, and, successfully established a multi‐center structure to support CAESAR’s operations, including: two distinct surgical centers for each species, a pathology core (to assess infarct size), a biomarker core (to assess cardiac protein release into blood), and a data coordinating center ‐ all with the oversight of a protocol review and monitoring committee of distinguished experts. Such an infrastructure promotes careful, blinded, randomized, statistically sound, and rigorous evaluation of cardioprotective agents. Thus, CAESAR is operational and represents a new approach to pre‐clinical cardioprotection studies. Grant Funding Source : Source of Support: National Institutes of Health (NIH)‐Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) CAESAR Consortium‐U24 HL094373
Authentic Pharmacotherapy Case Study Enhances Learning Outcomes in Pharmacology in Preprofessional Undergraduate Students (2022)

Introduction: Professional health training curricula that integrate basic and clinical sciences are associated with improved learning outcomes. Authentic clinical case studies that capture the complexity of a typical patient are frequently used in clinical training programs to model to students how to integrate information across disciplines to justify management plans. The value of such authentic case studies in preclinical students is less studied. This study seeks to know (i) if preclinical students in a large midwestern liberal arts college would be interested in participating in an optional case study assignment and (ii) if participation is associated with improved learning outcomes in a third-year pharmacology course. Material and Methods: Demographics, motivation, and vocational experience were assessed by an online survey. Binary multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between participating in the voluntary case study and performance on case-related and noncase-related questions. Results: More than two-thirds of the students participated in the case study, and their decision was driven largely by interest and/or experience in a healthcare vocation. Completing the case study was associated with better performance on case-related multiple-choice questions on midterm exams (Wald’s χ 2 = 2079; P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: This study suggests that there are potential benefits to using case studies in preclinical curricula to drive improved student outcomes by underscoring the link between prerequisite courses and clinical practice. It also proffers a potential tool for assessing the efficacy of case study interventions.
Lumbar Spine Duplication Presenting as Adolescent Scoliosis (1998)

This rare malformation typically has severe neurologic sequelae. Conservative management in the reported patient did not result in a progressive neurologic lesion at the time of skeletal maturity.
Iron Deficiency Caused by Intestinal Iron Loss—Novel Candidate Genes for Severe Anemia (2021)

The adult human body contains about 4 g of iron. About 1-2 mg of iron is absorbed every day, and in healthy individuals, the same amount is excreted. We describe a patient who presents with severe iron deficiency anemia with hemoglobin levels below 6 g/dL and ferritin levels below 30 ng/mL. Although red blood cell concentrates and intravenous iron have been substituted every month for years, body iron stores remain depleted. Diagnostics have included several esophago-gastro-duodenoscopies, colonoscopies, MRI of the liver, repetitive bone marrow biopsies, psychological analysis, application of radioactive iron to determine intact erythropoiesis, and measurement of iron excretion in urine and feces. Typically, gastrointestinal bleeding is a major cause of iron loss. Surprisingly, intestinal iron excretion in stool in the patient was repetitively increased, without gastrointestinal bleeding. Furthermore, whole exome sequencing was performed in the patient and additional family members to identify potential causative genetic variants that may cause intestinal iron loss. Under different inheritance models, several rare mutations were identified, two of which (in <i>CISD1</i> and <i>KRI1</i>) are likely to be functionally relevant. Intestinal iron loss in the current form has not yet been described and is, with high probability, the cause of the severe iron deficiency anemia in this patient.
Progressive Kernel Pruning Based on the Information Mapping Sparse Index for CNN Compression (2021)

Network pruning can effectively reduce a model's capacity and computational load, thereby making model deployment in mobile devices less difficult than that without pruning. To improve the pruning rate of the model while maintaining the kernel's feature extraction ability, this paper designs a progressive kernel pruning method for CNN model compression based on the proposed information mapping sparsity index. This method first prunes the kernels in the filter and then prunes the kernels in the convolution layer when the model reaches a certain compression ratio. The whole process is called progressive kernel pruning (PKP). For the kernel pruning process, this paper defines the information mapping sparse index (IMSI), which is used to measure the mapping ability of the convolution kernel related to the amount of information transferred by the convolution operation. When pruning the kernels of filters and layers, according to the IMSI, the kernels with the strongest mapping abilities are retained to transfer as much information as possible with the least number of kernels. Progressive kernel pruning can make use of the characteristic that the model is easy to optimize when kernel pruning in the filter, and it avoids having the model easily fall into local optima when kernel pruning in the layer directly. The experimental results on the CIFAR-10/100 and ImageNet datasets show that compared to the existing CNN model compression methods, the IMSI-based progressive kernel pruning method exhibits better compression performance in processing the model compression tasks that are currently popular. In particular, pruning VGG-16 on CIFAR-10 with our model achieves a compression ratio of 80.8x and an acceleration ratio of 14.8×, which are 5.8× and 4.2× higher than the best results at present, respectively, and the classification accuracy decreases by only 0.59% relative to that of the baseline.