gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abnormal Endothelial Progenitor Cell Function in Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Autologous Cell Therapy (2008)

INTRODUCTION: Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of death in patients with diabetes mellitus and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this condition. EPCs are mononuclear cells isolated from blood or bone marrow with the capacity to differentiate into endothelial cells. They have a role in re-endothelialization, neovascularization and wound healing. METHODS: EPCS were isolated from patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus and controls. EPC number and function were assessed. Expression of OPN in EPCs was assessed by RT PCR. The effect of OPN on EPC function was assessed. The role of OPN in angiogenesis was analyzed by inducing hindlimb ischemia in OPN knockout and control mice. Finally the effect of autologous EPC transplantation on wound healing in the alloxan-induced diabetic rabbit was assessed. RESULTS: EPCs were reduced and dysfunctional in patients with diabetes mellitus. Reduced expression of osteopontin was detected in diabetic EPCs and culturing cells in the presence of osteopontin-containing media reversed cellular dysfunction. A crucial role for osteopontin in new vessel formation was identified by demonstrating impaired neovascularization in osteopontin knockout mice. The therapeutic potential of EPCs was demonstrated by improved wound healing following delivery of EPCs transduced with endothelial nitric oxide synthase in diabetes mellitus. Finally, detailed flow cytometric analysis of EPCs demonstrated that these cells represent a peripheral blood mononuclear cell population enriched in pro-angiogenic monocytes. CONCLUSION: In summary, we show that EPCs are reduced in number and function in diabetes mellitus, demonstrate a previously unrecognized role for osteopontin expression in this cell type in neovascularization and demonstrate that this cell type represents an enriched peripheral blood mononuclear cell population expressing angiogenic receptors.
Interpreting Unexpected Actions by Human Agents During Plan Execution (1990)

MOST PLANNING SYSTEMS HAVE BEEN APPLIED TO SIMPLE DOMAINS. IN COMPLEX DOMAINS, THE AUTONOMY OF HUMAN AGENTS AND THE DYNAMIC NATURE OF REALISTIC SETTINGS GIVE RISE TO FREQUENT EXCEPTIONAL OCCURRENCES (EXCEPTIONS). INSTEAD OF RELYING ON A TRADITIONAL ERROR RECOVERY APPROACH, WE ADVOCATE THE USE OF A THEORY OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR, COMBINED WITH PLAN RECOGNITION TECHNIQUES TO IDENTIFY THE PURPOSEFUL BEHAVIOR UNDERLYING AN EXCEPTION AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO AN ONGOING PLAN. THIS PAPER DISCUSSES A MODEL OF PLAN EXECUTION AND EXCEPTION HANDLING WITH PARTICULAR REGARD TO THE SPECIAL ROLE OF HUMAN AGENTS. WE DESCRIBE SPANDEX, AN IMPLEMENTATION OF OUR APPROACH. THE SPANDEX SYSTEM USES A SET OF `PLAUSIBLE RATIONALES'' TO PRODUCE EXPLANA- TIONS WHICH DICTATE `AMENDMENTS'' TO BE MADE TO THE PLAN AND DOMAIN MODEL IN ORDER TO INCORPORATE THE EXCEPTION. PLANNING AND EXECUTION CAN THEN CONTINUE, OFTEN WITH AN IMPROVED DOMAIN MODEL.
Direct observation of electrostatic microfields by four-electron-wave interference using two electron biprisms (2004)

A new method has been developed for directly visualizing electromagnetic microfields in real time by the interference of four-electron waves obtained using a transmission electron microscope equipped with a field-emission gun and two electron biprisms. When one object wave and three reference waves interfere, equal-phase lines of the object wave are displayed as the intensity modulation of the interference fringes, in the manner same as in the three-electron-wave interference. The advantage of the four-electron-wave interference is that equal-phase lines are observed without precisely adjusting the angle between the two biprisms or rigorously controlling the fringe spacings of the two biprisms.
Does fractal scaling at the IP level depend on TCP flow arrival processes? (2002)

In addition to the well known long-range dependence in time series of IP bytes and packets, evidence for scaling behaviour has also been found at small scales for these series, separated by a characteristic transition timescale. It is less well known that two scaling regimes are also commonly found in time series describing the arrivals of TCP flows, again with long-range dependence, and with a broadly similar scaling exponent at small scales. The transition timescale is also roughly similar to that found in the IP level case. We investigate the dependencies between the scaling behaviours of the IP and TCP arrival levels at both small and large scales. We also study the origin of scaling at small scales at the IP level. The arrival level process is important to study both for its potential impact on the IP level, and in its own right, for example for web server performance. Our findings are based on gigabytes of high precision packet level data collected at multiple locations. The analysis methodology combines models with real data in a 'semi-experimental' approach which reduces the need for modeling assumptions. Flows and packets are individually manipulated to selectively isolate the components of scaling due to packet dynamics within a TCP flow, the dependencies between flows, their durations and packet counts, and the flow arrival process. The scaling behaviour is analysed using wavelet based methods.
On the Effect of Stabilization Methods for Quaternion Invariants on the Uncertainty in Optimization-based Estimation (2018)

The handling of 3D orientations is a common element in many problems that arise in the estimation and control of dynamic systems. Over-parametrizations such as unit quaternions are commonly used to avoid singularities but come with the property of an invariant which needs to be preserved. By using numerical optimization methods, these invariants are subject to numeric errors and require stabilization. In this work, we adopt methods known from optimal control for the problem of state estimation. We present an optimization-based attitude estimator using the measurements of an inertial measurement unit and evaluate the performance of a first-order stabilization of the invariant by modifying the dynamics. The uncertainties of the estimator are analyzed for different configurations of the proposed stabilization. Finally, we show how the stabilization affects the estimation of parameters and justify the use of an additional equality constraint for the invariant to yield more robust and consistent results.
Hybrid simulation of light extraction efficiency in multi-quantum-shell (MQS) NW (nanowire) LED with a current diffusion layer (2019)

Abstract A multi-quantum-shell (MQS) grown on a GaN nanowire is a promising three-dimensional active region and it is expected to show excellent performance, compared with conventional nitride-based LEDs. However, there are no suitable simulators for calculating optical properties of MQS-LEDs, because of their complex structure. In this study, a hybrid simulation, which is composed of the finite-difference time-domain method, the rigorous coupled wave analysis method, and the ray tracing method, is developed. Applying this useful tool to the calculation of the light extraction efficiency (LEE) of MQS-LEDs, we have found considerable light absorption loss by the large refractive index steps between the active layer, ITO layer and air in the commonly used MQS-LED structure with the ITO electrode. Thus, to eliminate the large refractive index steps, the MQS-LED buried with the n-GaN current diffusion layer, which has a high LEE, was proposed.
Vitamin E and fatty acid composition of blended palm oils (2009)

Vitamin E content (ppm) (4 tocopherols and 3 tocotrienols without ?-tocotrienol) and fatty acid composition (FAC) of blended unsaturated oils [corn oil (CO), sesame oil (SO) and rice bran oil (RBO)] with palm olein (PO) at 1 to 1 ratio (v/v) were determined using HPLC and GC, respectively. The vitamin E content in blended oils was significantly different (P<0.05) from levels in the native oils that made the blending with values of 348.6±5.6, 452.0±3.2 and 2774.0±6.3 ppm respectively for PO-CO, PO-RBO and PO-SO. In general, blending of unsaturated oils with PO changed SFA, MUFA and PUFA content of the resulting oils in the range of 21-26, 34-37 and 34-41%, respectively that compatible to the NCEP recommendation. Thus, the use of blended unsaturated oils with palm olein could be beneficial and results in nutritionally balanced fatty acid oils, improved omega-6/omega-3 ratio and increased vitamin E level, particularly the tocotrienol. Finally the use of these blended oils may favor overall dietary nutrient adequacy.
Netrin-1 and its receptors in tumour growth promotion (2008)

Netrin-1 and its receptors are unexplored critical targets in cancer.
Lancet COVID-19 Commission Statement on the occasion of the 75th session of the UN General Assembly (2020)

The Lancet COVID-19 Commission was launched on July 9, 2020, to assist governments, civil society, and UN institutions in responding effectively to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Commission aims to offer practical solutions to the four main global challenges posed by the pandemic: suppressing the pandemic by means of pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions; overcoming humanitarian emergencies, including poverty, hunger, and mental distress, caused by the pandemic; restructuring public and private finances in the wake of the pandemic; and rebuilding the world economy in an inclusive, resilient, and sustainable way that is aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Paris Climate Agreement. Many creative solutions are already being implemented, and a key aim of the Commission is to accelerate their adoption worldwide.
Epoxiconazole‐Induced Degeneration in Rat Placenta and the Effects of Estradiol Supplementation (2013)

Epoxiconazole (CAS-No. 133855-98-8) was recently shown to cause both a marked depletion of maternal estradiol blood levels and a significantly increased incidence of late fetal mortality when administered to pregnant rats throughout gestation (GD 7-18 or 21); estradiol supplementation prevented this epoxiconazole effect in rats (Stinchcombe et al., 2013), indicating that epoxiconazole-mediated estradiol depletion is a critical key event for induction of late fetal resorptions in rats. For further elucidation of the mode of action, the placentas from these modified prenatal developmental toxicity experiments with 23 and 50 mg/kg bw/d epoxiconazole were subjected to a detailed histopathological examination. This revealed dose-dependent placental degeneration characterized by cystic dilation of maternal sinuses in the labyrinth, leading to rupture of the interhemal membrane. Concomitant degeneration occurred in the trophospongium. Both placentas supporting live fetuses and late fetal resorptions were affected; the highest degree of severity was observed in placentas with late resorptions. Placental degeneration correlated with a severe decline in maternal serum estradiol concentration. Supplementation with 0.5 and 1.0 μg of the synthetic estrogen estradiol cyclopentylpropionate per day reduced the severity of the degeneration in placentas with live fetuses. The present study demonstrates that both the placental degeneration and the increased incidence of late fetal resorptions are due to decreased levels of estrogen, since estrogen supplementation ameliorates the former and abolishes the latter.
Safety and feasibility of concomitant surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (2014)

Surgical AF ablation was safe and feasible in patients with severely reduced LVEF. The restoration of SR led to a significantly higher improvement in LVEF and alleviation of clinical heart failure symptoms, not observed if AF persisted postoperatively.
Spinal cord injury in rabbits: the influence of ethanol on the free fatty acid level - determination by gas chromatography (2004)

Objective: Fatty acids are the components of membrane phospholipids, having an important role in maintaining the structure and functions of the cell membranes. A release of fatty acids is one of the first pathophysiological events that follows primary trauma to the spinal cord, independently of the type of injury.1 The aim of this study was to determine the influence of injury and ethanol, the common substance of abuse and usual component of vehicle solutions, on the level of spinal cord free fatty acids (FFAs) in rabbits with experimantal spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: The free fatty acids were separated from the total lipid extract by preparative thin-layer chromatography. The free fatty acids, in the form of the corresponding methyl esters, were identified by using gas chromatography. The quantification was done using the internal standard. Results: The levels of free palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0) and arachidonic (20:4 n-6) acids were significantly higher in the vehicle treated group in comparison to only laminectomised group. The level of FFAs in rabbits with a spinal cord injury shows a statistically significant increase in free palmitic, stearic, oleic (18:1), arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids (22:6 n-3). Vehicle administration induced in the injured animals a significant increase of palmitic, stearic and oleic acid, while it induced a significant decrease of docosahexaenoic acids. Summary and Conclusion: SCI caused the spinal cord FFAs accumulation. The administration of ethanol (vehicle) induced an increase of some spinal cord free fatty acids level. Ethanol-induced FFA liberation may lead to a greater free radical production, the increase of GPX activity, therefore, representing a compensatory mechanism. References: 1. Bazan N, Rodrigez de Turco E, Allan G. Mediators of injury in neurotrauma. Intracellular signal transduction and gene expression. J Neurotrauma 1995 ; 12: 791-814.
Switched Reluctance Generator Controls for Optimal Power Generation and Battery Charging (2012)

This paper presents the control strategy for varying the turn-on and turn-off angles of three-phase switched reluctance generators (SRGs) to maximize the efficiency as well as to reduce the dc-link ripple current resulting from the commutation of the phases at high speeds. The behavior of the commutation angles is analyzed first through the offline measurement of dc-link current and voltage, generator speed, and phase currents. The analysis of the collected data has shown that the commutation angles providing the minimum ripple on the dc-link current achieve the maximum generating efficiencies. A novel control technique, developed based on the finding, achieves the desired generating set point with maximum efficiency and minimum ripple on the charging current. The control algorithm actively searches the turn-off angles to reduce the amount of normalized ripple on the dc-link current, which also ensures the generation with the maximum efficiency. The turn-on angle is controlled through a proportional-integral controller to generate a desired power level. The algorithm is implemented successfully on a 1-kW three-phase SRG charging a NiMH battery pack.
GaN MMIC Doherty power amplifier solutions for backhaul microwave links (2013)

In this paper, two 5W power amplifier solutions for microwave backhaul at 7GHz are presented. They are based on 0.25μm GaN on SiC MMIC technology, and rely on advanced Doherty schemes. The first solution maximizes the back-off efficiency at center frequency, reaching a value around 50% at 7dB OBO. The second MMIC is optimized for a wideband behavior, with efficiency exceeding 40% on a 15% relative bandwidth. Characterization results and system level behavior of the two proposed MMICs are compared and discussed.
PEO−PPO−PEO Block Copolymers at the Emulsion Droplet−Water Interface (2000)

ζ potential measurements were used to determine the adsorbed layer thickness of poly(ethylene oxide)−polypropylene oxide−poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO−PPO−PEO) block copolymers at the surfaces of poly(dimethylsiloxane) emulsion droplets, silica particles, and polystyrene latex particles. The adsorbed layer thickness (δ) was shown to depend on the copolymer structure, the surface chemistry of the adsorbent, and the level of cross-linking within droplets. For a wide range of copolymers, δ values are in the range 2−20 nm and directly proportional to the PEO block length. For copolymers with PEO segment lengths > PPO segment lengths, the plateau δ values for PDMS, latex, and silica correspond to ∼35%, 20%, and 7% of the fully extended PEO segment length. Equivalent values for copolymers with PEO segment lengths < PPO segment lengths are significantly greater but follow the same dependence on the type of adsorbent. As the level of internal cross-linking within the PDMS droplets was increased, the interface became less deformable and the adsorbed copolymer layer thickness significantly decreased. Findings are discussed with respect to the adsorbed copolymer conformations, which result from different adsorption mechanisms and the influence of interfacial penetrability.
A superconducting nanowire-based architecture for neuromorphic computing (2022)

Abstract Neuromorphic computing would benefit from the utilization of improved customized hardware. However, the translation of neuromorphic algorithms to hardware is not easily accomplished. In particular, building superconducting neuromorphic systems requires expertise in both superconducting physics and theoretical neuroscience, which makes such design particularly challenging. In this work, we aim to bridge this gap by presenting a tool and methodology to translate algorithmic parameters into circuit specifications. We first show the correspondence between theoretical neuroscience models and the dynamics of our circuit topologies. We then apply this tool to solve a linear system and implement Boolean logic gates by creating spiking neural networks with our superconducting nanowire-based hardware.
FoodGenie (2011)

Food has always been a social hub which brings people together for communication and entertainment. Cooking and sharing food are important activities to enhance relationship and intimacy, transmitting warm feelings among people. As a reproduction and extension of the social fun around food, our FoodGenie project provides a novel and seamless system to enable communication and entertainment through edible food, which breathes playfulness into people's everyday life.
Synthesis and Characterization of DNA Fluorescent Probes Containing a Single Site-Specific Stereoisomer of <i>anti</i>-Benzo[<i>a</i>]pyrene Diol Epoxide-<i>N</i><sup>2</sup>-dG (2009)

We present a comprehensive study of synthesis and characterization of DNA probes containing covalently bound benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE) isomers at a defined site. Short oligonucleotides of 16mers containing a single trans-(+)- or trans-(-)-anti-BPDE-N(2)-guanine adducts (BPDE-16mer) were first synthesized and then ligated with a fluorescently labeled single-stranded oligonucleotide. The ligation products (double-stranded or single-stranded 90mers) contained a single BPDE adduct of defined stereochemistry and a fluorescent label. The BPDE adduct could be recognized by a specific antibody, and the fluorescent label was useful for highly sensitive laser-induced fluorescence detection. The incorporation of single BPDE in the 16mers was validated by liquid chromatography, UV spectroscopy, and tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The stereochemistry of the single BPDE adducts in the 16mers was further identified by enzyme digestion-coupled stereoselective chromatography analysis. The ligation of BPDE-16mer with normal oligonucleotides for the synthesis of tetramethylrhodamine (TMR)-BPDE-90mers was evaluated. It was found that the modification of the 16mer by anti-BPDE could significantly reduce the ligation yield of ds90mer and lead to the formation of gapped DNA. The incorporation of a single anti-BPDE adduct in ligated ds90mers was confirmed using an antibody specific to the anti-BPDE-dG and affinity capillary electrophoresis. The detection limits of the TMR-BPDE-90mers by capillary electrophoresis coupled with laser-induced fluorescence are below 4 x 10(-19) mol.
Abstract LB-213: NEDD8 pathway inhibition is effective in preclinical models of poorly differentiated, clinically aggressive colorectal cancer (2016)

Abstract The NEDD8 conjugation pathway modulates the ubiquitination, stability and activity of a wide range of intracellular proteins, and its blockade by pevonedistat is emerging as a promising therapeutic approach in various cancer settings. However, systematic characterization of pevonedistat efficacy in specific tumor types and definition of molecular predictors of response are still missing. We investigated the in vitro sensitivity to pevonedistat in a large panel of molecularly and functionally annotated colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines, and exploited global gene expression profiles to define a transcriptional predictor. Out of 122 tested cell lines, 16 (13%) displayed a marked response to pevonedistat, featuring DNA re-replication, proliferative block and apoptosis. Pevonedistat sensitivity did not significantly correlate with microsatellite instability or mutations in KRAS or BRAF, but was functionally associated with resistance to EGFR pathway blockade. A 184-gene transcriptional predictor generated in cell lines was applied to 87 metastatic CRC clinical samples for which patient-derived xenografts (PDX) were available. For in vivo tests, pevonedistat was provided by Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd. In vivo administration of pevonedistat did not affect the growth of any predicted resistant PDX; whereas, it significantly impaired growth of five out of six predicted sensitive models. In human CRC gene expression datasets, transcriptional prediction of pevonedistat sensitivity was associated with poor prognosis after surgery and early progression under cetuximab treatment. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that pevonedistat sensitivity signature captures transcriptional traits of poor differentiation and high-grade mucinous adenocarcinoma. These results highlight NEDD8-pathway inhibition by pevonedistat as a potentially effective strategy to treat poorly differentiated, clinically aggressive CRC and identify transcriptional and histological response predictors with possible clinical applicability. Citation Format: Gabriele Picco, Francesco Sassi, Claudio Isella, Federica Di Nicolantonio, Anna Sapino, Alberto Bardelli, Livio Trusolino, Andrea Bertotti, Enzo Medico. NEDD8 pathway inhibition is effective in preclinical models of poorly differentiated, clinically aggressive colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-213.
&lt;title&gt;Homogeneous linewidths in Er&lt;formula&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;roman&gt;3+&lt;/roman&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/formula&gt;-doped glasses measured by resonance fluorescence line narrowing&lt;/title&gt; (1992)

Resonance-fluorescence-line-narrowing studies have been performed on a representative group of Er3+ -doped glasses for excitation in both the 1530 and 980-nm bands at 4.2, 77, 200, and 300 K. Fluorozirconate, fluorophosphate, phosphate, silicate, Ge/P-doped and A1/P-doped silica preforms, and Al/P-doped and Ge-doped fibers were examined. At 77 K the homogeneous linewidths were found to be relatively insensitive to composition. In particular, they vary from 1.4 to 1.8 cm-1 for the different hosts using excitation at 1531 nm. At 300 K weak resonant features were observed in most samples, consistent with a small inhomogeneous contribution to a predominantly homogeneous fluorescence emission.