gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetics of Enzymatic Reactions at the Solid/Liquid Interface in Nanofluidic Channels (2022)

Nanostructures can realize highly efficient reactions due to their structural advantages. However, the mechanism of accelerating enzyme reactions in a nanospace is still unknown from a kinetic perspective because it is difficult to control a well-defined nanospace, enzyme density, and reaction time. Here, we investigated kinetic parameters of an immobilized enzyme in micro- and nanochannels using nanofabrication, partial enzyme patterning, fluidic control, and a high sensitivity detection system. Devices with channel depths of 300 nm, 4.4 μm, and 13.6 μm were fabricated. Kinetic parameters were determined by the Michaelis–Menten model. Compared to the bulk reaction, all kcats for immobilized enzyme reactors were decreased, although the kcats were approximately the same for the immobilized enzyme reactors of different depths. An ultrafast enzyme reaction could overcome the drawback due to immobilization by an increase of the apparent [E]0 due to the decreased channel depth.
Antimicrobial stewardship in companion animal practice: an implementation trial in 135 general practice veterinary clinics (2022)

These AMS interventions had a positive impact in a large group of general veterinary practices, resulting in a decline in overall antimicrobial use and a shift towards use of antimicrobials rated as low importance, with the greatest impact in high-prescribing clinics.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,4‐Diamino‐6,7‐dimethoxyquinoline Derivatives as α1‐Adrenoceptor Antagonists and Antihypertensive Agents. (1988)

Abstract Amidines such as (III) are synthesized by various methods, e.g. from the aminobenzonitrile (I).
Interferon-gamma-activated human monocytes inhibit the intracellular multiplication of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i>. (1986)

We have examined the interaction between interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-activated human monocytes and Legionella pneumophila, the agent of Legionnaires' disease. Human monocytes activated with human recombinant IFN-gamma inhibit the intracellular multiplication of L. pneumophila. The degree of inhibition is proportional to the concentration of IFN-gamma, and maximal inhibition consistently occurs with greater than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml. Monoclonal anti-IFN-gamma antibody completely neutralizes the capacity of IFN-gamma to activate monocytes. Monocytes infected 24 hr after explantation maximally inhibit L. pneumophila multiplication if treated with IFN-gamma before infection or up to 2 hr after infection; treatment 6 hr or more after infection results in submaximal inhibition. Monocytes infected 48 hr after explantation inhibit L. pneumophila multiplication maximally if treated with IFN-gamma up to 12 hr before infection, but submaximally if treated at the time of infection. Once activated, monocytes inhibit L. pneumophila multiplication in the absence of IFN-gamma in the culture. Strikingly, monocytes maximally inhibit L. pneumophila multiplication after treatment with IFN-gamma for as briefly as 1 hr before infection. In the absence of anti-L. pneumophila antibody, neither IFN-gamma-activated monocytes nor nonactivated monocytes kill L. pneumophila. In the presence of specific antibody and complement, IFN-gamma-activated monocytes kill a proportion (0.5 log) of an inoculum but not more than nonactivated monocytes. L. pneumophila forms a specialized phagosome in IFN-gamma-activated monocytes that does not differ ultrastructurally from the L. pneumophila phagosome in nonactivated monocytes. These results demonstrate that IFN-gamma can activate human monocytes to exert a potent antimicrobial effect against a highly virulent intracellular bacterial pathogen. These findings extend previous observations on interactions between activated mononuclear phagocytes and L. pneumophila, and additionally support the hypothesis that cell-mediated immunity plays a major role in host defense against L. pneumophila.
Computational geometry algorithms library (2008)

The CGAL Open Source Project provides easy access to efficient and reliable geometric algorithms in the form of a C++ library, offering geometric data structures and algorithms, which are efficient, robust, easy to use, and easy to integrate in existing software. The usage of de facto standard libraries increases productivity, as it allows software developers to focus on the application layer. This course is targeted at software developers with geometric needs, and course graduates will be able to select and use the appropriate algorithms and data structures provided by CGAL in their current or upcoming projects.
&lt;title&gt;Recognition in face space&lt;/title&gt; (1991)

Individual facial features such as the eyes or nose may not be as important to human face recognition as the overall pattern capturing a more holistic encoding of the face. This paper describes " face space" a subspace of the space of all possible images which can be described as linear combinations of a small number of characteristic face-like images. The construction of face space and its use in the detection and identification of faces is explained in the context of a working face recognition system. The effects of illumination changes scale orientation and the image background are discussed.
Solid Immersion Lens Optical Head for High-Numerical-Aperture Cover-Layered Incident Near-Field Recording (2009)

For increasing data recording density and reducing spherical aberration in cover-layered incident near-field recording (NFR) systems, a high-refractive-index cover layer is necessary and the assembly and evaluation technologies of a solid immersion lens (SIL) optical head for a high-numerical-aperture (NA) cover-layered incident NFR system are also required. To assemble a SIL optical head for the high-NA cover-layered incident NFR system, a modified Twyman–Green interferometer is developed. In this paper, we present the design and assembly results for a SIL optical head with a high-refractive-index cover-layered disk. We also compare evaluation results with those of a simulation to confirm the feasibility of the assembly. Through this research, we can improve the effective NA to 1.84, which is the highest NA reported for a cover-layered incident NFR system, and consequently, the data recording capacity per layer can be increased.
Figure S5 from Theranostic Targeting of CUB Domain–Containing Protein 1 (CDCP1) in Multiple Subtypes of Bladder Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;CDCP1 mRNA expression by site of biopsy, from the IMvigor210 dataset. p = 0.075 by Kruskal-Wallis test, n=348 samples&lt;/p&gt;
Phased Array Antenna Testbed Development at the NASA Glenn Research Center (2003)

Ideal phased array antennas offer advantages for communication systems, such as wide-angle scanning and multibeam operation, which can be utilized in certain NASA applications. However, physically realizable, electronically steered, phased array antennas introduce additional system performance parameters, which must be included in the evaluation of the system. The NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) is currently conducting research to identify these parameters and to develop the tools necessary to measure them. One of these tools is a testbed where phased array antennas may be operated in an environment that simulates their use. This paper describes the development of the testbed and its use in characterizing a particular K-Band, phased array antenna.
Abstract 1318: Mechanochemical dynamic therapy for focal cancer treatment (2021)

Abstract This study proposes a new cancer drug delivery modality that allows for spatiotemporal control over activation of the therapeutic. Current standard cancer therapies of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy have their limitations, such as invasiveness and systemic toxicities. Developing a new modality that is localized and triggerable is becoming increasingly advantageous. Currently, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been shown to be clinically effective but is limited by poor tissue penetration of light. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) bypasses this pitfall with increased tissue penetration depth of ultrasound. However, PDT has limitations as it relies on the potentially damaging ultrasound cavitation effect and requires sonosensitizers or nanoparticles that have issues with bioavailability, biostability, and biosafety. In this study, we propose a novel ultrasound-based cancer treatment modality called mechanochemical dynamic therapy (MDT). In MDT, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) delivers mechanical forces to force-responsive moieties of azo mechanophores that are embedded into biocompatible polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel polymers. Upon focal sonication with HIFU, these mechanophores generate highly reactive free radicals (FRs) that are converted to reactive oxygen species (ROSs). The sonicated gels are then placed into in vitro cultures, allowing for the diffusion of ROSs into the cells to induce oxidative cytotoxicity and eventually cell death. Cell proliferation is monitored at 24-hour intervals, and by 72 hours, the sonicated gels produced cell killing effects comparable to lethal doses of H2O2 in both in vitro mouse melanoma (B16F10) and breast cancer (E0771) models. Sonication of control hydrogels that did not contain mechanophores showed minimal cytotoxicity. This study shows the potential of MDT as a drug delivery platform that overcomes the limitations of PDT and SDT and has the potential to be applied synergistically with other current cancer treatments. This is the first demonstration of using HIFU-activated mechanophores to non-invasively deliver cancer therapies with spatiotemporal control. Citation Format: Gun Kim, Qiong Wu, James L. Chu, Emily J. Smith, Michael L. Oelze, King C. Li, Jeffrey S. Moore. Mechanochemical dynamic therapy for focal cancer treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1318.
Visualization of morphological categories of colonies for monitoring of effect on induced pluripotent stem cell culture status (2017)

From the recent advances, there are growing expectations toward the mass production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for varieties of applications. For such type of industrial cell manufacturing, the technology which can stabilize the production efficiency is strongly required. Since the present iPSC culture is covered by delicate manual operations, there are still quality differences in produced cells from same culture protocols. To monitor the culture process of iPSCs with the quantified data to evaluate the culture status, we here introduce image-based visualization method of morphological diversity of iPSC colonies. We have set three types of experiments to evaluate the influential factors in iPSC culture technique that may disturb the undifferentiation status of iPSC colonies: (Exp. 1) technical differences in passage skills, (Exp. 2) technical differences in feeder cell preparation, and (Exp. 3) technical differences in maintenance skills (medium exchange frequency with the combination of manual removal of morphologically irregular colonies). By measuring the all existing colonies from real-time microscopic images, the heterogenous change of colony morphologies in the culture vessel was visualized. By such visualization with morphologically categorized Manhattan chart, the difference between technical skills could be compared for evaluating appropriate cell processing.
Wideband microwave low noise amplifiers based on biSQUID SQIFs (2013)

We designed, fabricated, and measured broadband low-noise amplifiers based on Superconducting Quantum Interference Filters (SQIFs) for variety of applications ranging from superconducting quantum bits readout to satellite communication receivers. Our microwave amplifiers (Microwave SQAs) are based on 1-, 5-, 10-, 20-cell serial biSQUID SQIF arrays. The RF input is applied via a 50 Ohm coplanar waveguide connected to a superconducting line coupled to each biSQUID cell and integrated with input/output planar capacitors to define and tune up signal frequency bandwidth. The RF output comes out from the central common line via a balanced output circuit matching to a 50 Ohm output coplanar waveguide. The same circuit is used for symmetrical dc biasing of an array. Microwave SQA samples were fabricated on 5 mm × 5 mm chips using standard HYPRES niobium 4.5 kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> fabrication process. The results of experimental evaluation of our Microwave SQAs based on SQIF serial arrays with different number of biSQUID cells are compared. We have demonstrated a power gain up to 20 dB from 8 to 11 GHz.
Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head with Collapsed Medial Lesion (2014)

A 60-year-old female experienced the gradual onset of left hip pain without any triggering event. Radiographs showed vertical sclerosis in the center of the femoral head and the lesion inside the boundary demonstrated diffuse bony sclerosis. No collapse was observed at the weight-bearing portion on radiograph. However, computed tomography showed a subchondral collapse at the medial lesion. On T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, the necrotic lesion showed diffuse high-intensity signals that indicated a prominent repair process. Bone biopsy diagnosed osteonecrosis with associated prominent appositional bone and vascular granulation tissue.
Liquid Crystal Crown Ethers and Related Compounds (2014)

Abstract Liquid crystalline crown ethers, which are characterized by their diversity and mesomorphic properties, are intensively studied particularly with respect to their ability to complex metal salts. In this chapter, selected examples of crown ether containing liquid crystals are discussed with focus on two aspects, namely, (i) how does a crown ether influence the thermal properties and (ii) how do complexed salts alter the thermal behavior.
Abstract 14013: The Effect of Mid-life Blood Pressure Change and Anti-Hypertensive Treatment on Subsequent Left Ventricular Mass - A Life Course Approach (2012)

Background- Clinical practice focuses on current blood pressure (BP) levels with treatment (HTT) initiation once a threshold is crossed. There is less work relating the effects of previous changes ...
Computational electromagnetics in BIG science (2013)

The emphasis of the two previous convened sessions at EuCAP of the EuRAAP Working Group on Software was on establishing a really close cooperation with the software vendors in a mutual effort to discuss the state-of-the-art and future of Computational ElectroMagnetics (CEM). In our view, this has succeeded. The Software WG is now a point of contact between the community of software users and CEM developers on the one hand and the software vendors on the other hand. This year the convened session is different. The immediate goal is to organize a session that highlights the role of CEM and antennas in several very high profile scientific activities, offering great opportunities for human kind as a whole: 1. nano-photonics and plasmonics, and 2. nuclear fusion.
Spectral and spatial classification of hyperspectral data using SVMs and morphological profiles (2007)

Classification of hyperspectral data with high spatial resolution from urban areas is discussed. An approach has been proposed which is based on using several principal components from the hyperspectral data and build morphological profiles. These profiles can be used all together in one extended morphological profile. A shortcoming of the approach is that it is primarily designed for classification of urban structures and it does not fully utilize the spectral information in the data. Similarly, a pixel-wise classification solely based on the spectral content can be performed, but it lacks information on the structure of the features in the image. An extension is proposed in this paper in order to overcome these dual problems. The proposed method is based on the data fusion of the morphological information and the original hyperspectral data: the two vectors of attributes are concatenated. After a reduction of the dimensionality using Decision Boundary Feature Extraction, the final classification is achieved using a Support Vector Machines classifier. The proposed approach is tested in experiments on ROSIS data from urban areas. Significant improvements are achieved in terms of accuracies when compared to results of approaches based on the use of morphological profiles based on PCs only and conventional spectral classification.
Facile Single-Step Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide-Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Hybrid Functional Material for the Electrocatalytic Reduction of Oxygen (2014)

Development of efficient electrocatalyst based on non-precious metal that favors the four-electron pathway for the reduction of oxygen in alkaline fuel cell is a challenging task. Herein, we demonstrate a new facile route for the synthesis of hybrid functional electrocatalyst based on nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) and Mn3O4 with pronounced electrocatalytic activity towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline solution. The synthesis involves one-step in situ reduction of both graphene oxide (GO) and Mn(VII), growth of Mn3O4 nanocrystals and nitrogen doping onto the carbon framework using a single reducing agent, hydrazine. The X-ray photoelectron (XPS), Raman and FTIR spectral, and X-ray diffraction measurements confirm the reduction of GO and growth of nanosized Mn3O4. The XPS profile reveals that N-rGO has pyridinic (40%), pyrrolic (53%), and pyridine N oxide (7%) types of nitrogen. The Mn3O4 nanoparticles are single crystalline and randomly distributed over the wrinkled N-rGO sheets. The hybrid material has excellent ORR activity and it favors the 4-electron pathway for the reduction of oxygen. The electrocatalytic performance of the hybrid catalyst is superior to the N-rGO, free Mn3O4 and their physical mixture. The hybrid material shows an onset potential of -0.075 V, which is 60-225 mV less negative than that of the other catalyst tested. It has excellent methanol tolerance and high durability. The catalytic current density achieved with the hybrid material at 0.1 mg cm(-2) is almost equivalent to that of the commercial Pt/C (10%). The synergistic effect of N-rGO and Mn3O4 enhances the overall performance of the hybrid catalyst. The nitrogen in N-rGO is considered to be at the interface to bridge the rGO framework and Mn3O4 nanoparticles and facilitates the electron transfer.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment of postoperative paralytic ileus and adhesive intestinal obstruction associated with abdominal surgery: experience with 626 patients. (2008)

These results suggest that HBO therapy might deserve further assessment for use in management of postoperative paralytic ileus and adhesive intestinal obstruction as a new modality. HBO therapy is safe and non-invasive, and may be useful in the elderly patients, since mortality was relatively low in this series.
The Scholarly Commons - principles and practices to guide research communication (2017)

Despite all available technology and despite major disruptions that the internet brought about in many sectors of modern life, scholarly communication has only seen change at glacial pace. Many useful, laudable tools and services are being developed to solve specific issues for particular domain groups. However, the question of how these efforts fit together remains largely unaddressed. If we have alternative models for all parts of the system, will that result in a coherent system? Will it be interoperable? Will it appeal to people as viable alternative? Will it be open and participatory for all?The solution we propose is that of a scholarly commons: a set of principles and rules for the community of researchers and other stakeholders to ascribe to, the practices based on those principles, and the common pool of resources around which the principles and practices revolve. The tenets of the scholarly commons are that research and knowledge should be freely available to all who wish to use or reuse it (open, FAIR and citable), participation in the production and use of knowledge should be open to all who wish to participate, and there should be no systemic barriers and disincentives to prevent either such free use or open participation.In this paper, we outline the backgrounds of the idea of the scholarly commons and the various considerations that play a role in defining it. We share the principles of the scholarly commons and the degrees of freedom interpreting those principles, and consider the broader landscape of ideas and charters that the scholarly commons fits into. Finally, we present a call for action to involve like-minded people in the discussion on how to bring such a commons to fruition, and what this would mean for different communities within science and scholarship.
Photoplethysmography Signals Processing Using Polynomial Profile Fitting for Measuring the Blood Flow Volume in Arteriovenous Fistula (2017)

In this work, a new photoplethysmography (PPG) signal processing methodology using polynomial profile fitting for measuring blood flow volume (BFV) in arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is proposed. After calibration, the experiment results using proposed method shows higher correlation (R = 0.7883) and lower error (RMSE = 109 ml/min) compared to the ones using conventional methods (R = 0.3212, RMSE = 168 ml/min).
Recombination and loss mechanisms in low-threshold InAs/GaAs 1.3 μm quantum dot lasers (2005)

We show that even in quantum dot lasers with very low threshold current density (J/sub th/ = 40-50 A/cm/sup 2/ at 300 K) the temperature sensitivity of the threshold current arises from nonradiative recombination which comprises /spl sim/60-70% of J/sub th/ at 300 K.
Voxar Labs (2020)

Voxar Labs is a research group focused in augmenting experiences through research, innovation and collaboration with academia and industry. It develops cutting-edge multi-disciplinary research in the large area of Spatial Computing, tackling the inner areas of Extended Reality, Computer Vision and Natural Interaction. The laboratory aims to create impact through R&amp;D&amp;I, technology transfer, scientific publications, patents and human-resources formation. It is one of the most productive Augmented Reality research groups in the Latin America, also being recognized with seven best papers and ten first-place competitions’ prizes over the nine years of its existence. Voxar Labs is part of the Informatics Center of the Federal University of Pernambuco, located in Recife – Pernambuco, Brazil.
The Catalytic Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Diazabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane-2,7-diones (2021)

A straightforward synthesis of original 1,6-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane-2,7-diones was achieved through a DBU-organocatalyzed multicomponent Knoevenagel-aza-Michael-Cyclocondensation reaction which takes advantage of an unprecedented highly regio- and diastereoselective conjugate addition of pyridazinones to alkylidene Meldrum's acid intermediates. The key reactive intermediates of this complex process were analyzed by means of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry coupled to ion mobility spectrometry, allowing us to validate the proposed mechanism.