gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A hydrophobic proline-rich motif is involved in the intracellular targeting of temperature-induced lipocalin (2015)

Temperature-induced lipocalins (TILs) play an essential role in the response of plants to different abiotic stresses. In agreement with their proposed role in protecting membrane lipids, TILs have been reported to be associated to cell membranes. However, TILs show an overall hydrophilic character and do not contain any signal for membrane targeting nor hydrophobic sequences that could represent transmembrane domains. Arabidopsis TIL (AtTIL) is considered the ortholog of human ApoD, a protein known to associate to membranes through a short hydrophobic loop protruding from strands 5 and 6 of the lipocalin β-barrel. An equivalent loop (referred to as HPR motif) is also present between β-strands 5 and 6 of TILs. The HPR motif, which is highly conserved among TIL proteins, extends over as short stretch of eight amino acids and contains four invariant proline residues. Subcellular localization studies have shown that TILs are targeted to a variety of cell membranes and organelles. We have also found that the HPR motif is necessary and sufficient for the intracellular targeting of TILs. Modeling studies suggest that the HPR motif may directly anchor TILs to cell membranes, favoring in this way further contact with the polar group of membrane lipids. However, some particular features of the HPR motif open the possibility that targeting of TILs to cell membranes could be mediated by interaction with other proteins. The functional analysis of the HPR motif unveils the existence of novel mechanisms involved in the intracellular targeting of proteins in plants.
Anti-Retroviral Vaccine Using Polymeric Nanoparticles (2006)

We have previously reported that concanavalin A-immobilized polystyrene nanospheres (Con A-NS) could efficiently capture HIV-1 particles and that intranasal immunization with inactivated HIV-1- capturing nanospheres (HIV-NS) induced vaginal anti-HIV-1 IgA antibody response in mice. In this study, to evaluate the protective effect of immunization, each three macaques was intranasally immunized with Con A-NS or inactivated simian/human immunodeficiency virus KU-2- capturing nanospheres (SHIV-NS) and then intravaginally challenged with a pathogenic virus, SHIV KU-2. After a series of six immunizations, vaginal anti-HIV-1 gp120 IgA and IgG antibodies were detected in all SHIV-NS-immunized macaques. After intravaginal challenge, one of the three macaques in each of the Con A-NS- and SHIV-NS-immunized groups was infected. Plasma viral RNA load of infected macaque in SHIV-NS-immunized macaques was substantially less than that in unimmunized control macaque and reached below the detectable level. Thus, SHIV-NS-immunized macaques exhibited partial protection to vaginal challenges with SHIV KU-2.
Stent deformation following simulated side‐branch dilatation: A comparison of five stent designs (1999)

We aimed to determine the effects of simulated stent side-branch dilatation and subsequent redilatation of the central lumen. Following coronary stent implantation it may be necessary to dilate through the side of a stent to maintain branch patency. Branch dilatation through the side of 3.5-mm-diameter stents (AVE GFX, beStent, Crown, MultiLink, and NIR) was simulated in a plexiglass phantom using 2.5-, 3.0-, 3.5-, and 4.0-mm balloons. In further experiments, the main lumen was redilated with a 3.5-mm balloon after 3.0-mm side-branch dilatation. Thereafter, a 3.5-mm central and a 3.0-mm side-branch balloon were simultaneously inflated (“kissing balloons”). The larger the balloon size used for side-branch dilatation, the greater the distortion of the stent immediately distal to the side-branch, which for a 4.0-mm balloon ranged from 36% ± 2% (Crown) to 65% ± 6% (NIR). Central lumen redilatation or kissing balloons abolished this stenosis with little reduction of the side-lumen diameter. The main stent lumen compromise caused by side-branch dilatation can be abolished by main-lumen redilatation or by kissing balloons. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent. 47:258–264, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: DIGITOXIGENIN‐3‐ALKYL ETHERS (1981)

Abstract Die Synthese der Titelverbindungen (IIIa) bzw. (IIIb) erfolgt durch BF 3 ‐ EtzO‐katalysierte Alkylierung von Digitoxigenin (I) mit den Diazoalkanen (IIa) bzw. (IIb) oder durch oxidative Solvolyse des Iodides (IIId) in Methanol oder Glykol; (IIIa) wird auch durch Solvolyse von (IIId) in Methanol in Gegenwart von AgBF 4 erhalten.
The Adsorption Dynamics of Molecular Methane, Propane, and Neopentane on Pd(111):  Theory and Experiment (2002)

The molecular adsorption dynamics of methane, propane, and neopentane on Pd(111) was studied using supersonic molecular beam techniques and stochastic trajectory simulations. The sticking probability of the alkanes was measured as a function of incident energy, incident angle, and alkane coverage. In each case, the trapping probability decreased with increasing incident translational energy, which is expected for nonactivated molecular trapping. Nonnormal energy scaling was observed for the trapping probability of all of these alkanes, indicating corrugation of the gas−surface interaction potentials. The modified Kisliuk model was employed to describe the self-coverage dependence of the alkane on Pd(111). The trapping probability of each of these alkanes on Pd(111) is higher than that on Pt(111), consistent with the lower mass of palladium. Using the Morse potential for the methyl (methylene)−platinum two body potential obtained from the stochastic trajectory analyses of alkanes trapping on Pt(111), the trapping probabilities of alkanes on Pd(111) were predicted nearly exactly. Energy transfer calculations for alkane trapping on Pd(111) clearly indicate that excitation of the lattice vibrations and molecular cartwheeling rotations are the principal mechanisms for determining trapping.
Practical methods of crystallization (2010)

There are four major techniques for growing crystals of biological macromolecules: vapour diffusion, microbatch, free interface diffusion and dialysis. Each method has its inherent advantages and disadvantages. The most popular techniques are vapour diffusion and microbatch, while the free interface diffusion has recently been gaining use in high‐throughput experiments. This chapter describes the methods and provides guidance to converting between the vapour diffusion and microbatch methods.
Early Quantification of Hydrocarbon in Place Through Geostatistical Object Modelling and Connectivity Computations (1994)

ABSTRACT A methodology of HIP quantification using geostatistical object simulations and connectivity calculations is proposed and tested on a gas field in appraisal phase.The object-modelling algorithm allows for a realistic representation of the shapes of sedimentary bodies and hence a fair modelling of reservoir heterogeneities and of their connections. As a classical volumetric computation is not appropriate due to a complex repartition of fluids and the presence of two types of gas, a static connectivity algorithm is used to quantify volumes which are connected to assumed gas-feeding sources; HIP values are deduced from this technique. As major uncertainties exist on geological parameters, four scenarios are defined thanks to bootstrap calculations on well data; for each scenario, several geostatistical realizations are generated. Resulting figures provide the total uncertainty on GIP. The sensitivity of results to the percolation cut-off is also estimated. The connectivity algorithm is questioned in terms of sensitivity to the grid block size.
A new myopic sequential sampling algorithm for multi-objective problems (2015)

In this paper, we consider the problem of efficiently identifying the Pareto optimal designs out of a given set of alternatives, for the case where alternatives are evaluated on multiple stochastic criteria, and the performance of an alternative can only be estimated via sampling. We propose a simple myopic budget allocation algorithm based on the idea of small-sample procedures. Initial empirical tests show encouraging results.
Association between Longitudinal Increases in Serum Glucose and Metabolic Decline in Azheimer’s Disease-Related Brain Regions (P6.321) (2014)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between longitudinal increases in fasting serum glucose levels and declines in cerebral metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) related brain regions. BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional positron emission tomography (PET) studies in cognitively unimpaired adults have found associations between indicators of insulin resistance and reduced regional cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (rCMRgl) in brain regions preferentially affected by AD. In this study, we sought to characterize the association between longitudinal increases in serum glucose and rCMRgl declines in AD-affected regions. DESIGN/METHODS: Baseline, interim, and 4.4 ± 1.0-year follow-up fasting serum glucose and flourodeoxyglucose PET CMRgl were analyzed in 80 cognitively normal, non-diabetic, 61 ± 5 year-old persons with a first-degree history of AD, including 38 carriers and 42 non-carriers of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε 4 allele. An automated brain-mapping algorithm was used to characterize associations between rCMRgl declines and fasting serum glucose increases. Longitudinal changes between fasting serum glucose levels and six pre-selected neuropsychological test measures of memory, attention and processing speed were also assessed with linear regression. RESULTS: Longitudinal increases in fasting serum glucose levels were associated with longitudinal CMRgl declines in the vicinity of brain regions preferentially affected by AD ( p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons), and these associations were unrelated to presence or absence of the APOE ε 4 allele. Longitudinal increases in fasting serum glucose were also associated with longitudinal a decline in a measure of visuospatial memory (Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test, Delayed Recall; p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: Longitudinal increases in fasting serum glucose are associated with longitudinal CMRgl declines in AD-affected brain regions and memory. Additional studies are needed to clarify and confirm these relationships and set the stage for evaluating glucose-regulating agents in preclinical AD trials.
RP‐Bridged Metal Carbonyl Clusters: Synthesis, Properties, and Reactions (1987)

Abstract Metal carbonyl clusters possess a complicated chemistry that is only beginning to be understood. One of the main current goals in this area is thus an understanding of their reactivity. This article describes the syntheses and reactions of clusters that contain metal carbonyl fragments bridged by a main‐group element. But what is the sense of making such clusters still more complicated by the incorporation of main‐group elements? The example of μ 3 ‐bridged carbonyl clusters will serve to show that the main‐group element plays an important role in the study of reaction paths; it holds the metal carbonyl fragments together even when the bonds between them are broken in the course of a reaction. Trinuclear μ 3 ‐bridged clusters prove to be small enough to allow the analysis of typical cluster reactions (such as the reversible breaking of metal‐metal bonds) in terms of single reaction steps. They are also large enough to provide surprises by their multifaceted reactivity. It will be shown that a detailed study of trinuclear RX‐bridged metal carbonyl clusters (X  N, P, As, Sb, Bi)—a very small part of carbonyl cluster chemistry—can lead to a better understanding of the general reaction principles involved.
The 7th CASCON workshop on cloud computing (2015)

Hybrid clouds are private and public sub-clouds working together to mitigate privacy and security concerns while addressing the need for large computation and storage capacity. Academic research into hybrid clouds has focused on the middleware and abstraction layers for creating, managing, and using hybrid clouds. For example, researchers used the MapReduce paradigm to split a data-intensive workload into mapping tasks sorted by the sensitivity of the data, with the most sensitive data being processed locally and the least sensitive processed in a public cloud. Commercial support for hybrid clouds is growing in response to the business case for cloud federation. IBM offers both PureApplication System (to manage a private cloud) and PureApplication Service (a public cloud offering) and software to bridge the two at the Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) level. More recently, IBM Blue Mix Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) enables integration of IBM Blue Mix cloud with on-premises private clouds.
Detrusor instability and low compliance may represent different levels of disturbance in peripheral feedback control of the micturition reflex (1999)

Demonstration of a peripheral musculoelastic control mechanism unlocks a new direction for management of female patients with non-neurological bladder instability. It is possible, using simple clinical methods based on digital vaginal stretching, to predict cure of instability by surgical tightening of the vagina and its supporting ligaments.
All inkjet-printed electroactive polymer actuators for microfluidic lab-on-chip systems (2013)

Piezoelectric electroactive polymers (EAP) are promising materials for applications in microfluidic lab-on-chip systems. In such systems, fluids can be analyzed by different chemical or physical methods. During the analysis the fluids need to be distributed through the channels of the chip, which requires a pumping function. We present here all inkjet-printed EAP actuators that can be configured as a membrane-based micropump suitable for direct integration into lab-on-chip systems. Drop-on-demand inkjet printing is a versatile digital deposition technique that is capable of depositing various functional materials onto a wide variety of substrates in an additive way. Compared to conventional lithography-based processing it is cost-efficient and flexible, as no masking is required. The actuators consist of a polymer foil substrate with an inkjet-printed EAP layer sandwiched between a set of two electrodes. The actuators are printed using a commercially available EAP solution and silver nanoparticle inks. When a voltage is applied across the polymer layer, piezoelectric strain leads to a bending deflection of the beam or membrane. Circular membrane actuators with 20 mm diameter and EAP thicknesses of 10 to 15 &mu;m exhibit deflections of several &mu;m when driven at their resonance frequency with voltages of 110 V. From the behavior of membrane actuators a pumping rate of several 100 &mu;L/min can be estimated, which is promising for applications in lab-on-chip devices.
Nanomesh pressure sensor for monitoring finger manipulation without sensory interference (2020)

Monitoring of finger manipulation without disturbing the inherent functionalities is critical to understand the sense of natural touch. However, worn or attached sensors affect the natural feeling of the skin. We developed nanomesh pressure sensors that can monitor finger pressure without detectable effects on human sensation. The effect of the sensor on human sensation was quantitatively investigated, and the sensor-applied finger exhibits comparable grip forces with those of the bare finger, even though the attachment of a 2-micrometer-thick polymeric film results in a 14% increase in the grip force after adjusting for friction. Simultaneously, the sensor exhibits an extreme mechanical durability against cyclic shearing and friction greater than hundreds of kilopascals.
Schottky barrier lowering with the formation of crystalline Er silicide on n-Si upon thermal annealing (2009)

The evolution of the Schottky barrier height (SBH) of Er silicide contacts to n-Si is investigated as a function of the annealing temperature. The SBH is found to drop substantially from 0.43 eV for the as-deposited sample to reach 0.28 eV, its lowest value, at 450 °C. By x-ray diffraction, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the decrease in the SBH is shown to be associated with the progressive formation of crystalline ErSi2−x.
Carbon Nanotubes–Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Composite Membranes: Influence of Template on Structural, Chemical, and Transport Properties (2017)

This work presents the synthesis of carbon nanotubes–nanoporous anodic alumina composite membranes (CNTs–NAAMs) with controllable geometric features by a template-assisted catalyst-free chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach using a mixture of toluene and ethanol as a carbon precursor. NAAMs templates were prepared by anodization of aluminum substrates in different electrolytes containing sulfuric, oxalic, and phosphoric acids with the aim of establishing the template effect on the CNTs growth. The deposition time during the CVD process was systematically modified to determine the formation mechanism of CNTs inside the pores of NAAMs without using metal catalysts. The structural features, chemical composition, and graphitic structures of the resulting CNTs–NAAMs composites were characterized by different techniques to provide a comprehensive understanding of the effect of the template on the formation of these carbon-based nanostructures. CNTs–NAAMs with inner pore diameters ranging from 15 to 180 nm were used. Our results reveal that the electrolyte type used to prepare NAAMs and the deposition time during the CVD process have a direct impact on the structural, chemical, and graphitic structural features of CNTs–NAAMs. The molecular transport properties of CNTs–NAAMs composite membranes featuring different geometries and chemical compositions were evaluated via the diffusion process of Rose Bengal, a dye model molecule. The obtained results show that the diffusional flux of the dye molecules can be controlled by tuning the inner pore diameter of CNTs deposited inside NAAMs, and the smaller the diameter of the nanotubes the faster the transport of dye molecules is. Our results provide novel insights into the fabrication of different CNTs composite membranes, establishing for the first time the influence of three common types of NAAMs templates on the properties of the resulting CNTs composite membranes. Our study enables the precise engineering of advanced CNTs composite membranes with controlled physical and chemical properties suitable for specific applications.
Treating sulfide glass surfaces and making solid state laminate electrode assemblies (2023)

Methods for making solid-state laminate electrode assemblies include methods of forming a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) by ion implanting nitrogen and/or phosphorous into the glass surface by ion implantation.
Experimental Cholelitholysis with the Pulsed Tunable Dye Laser (1991)

This study evaluates the pulsed tunable dye laser with wavelength 504 nm, frequency 10 Hz, and pulse width 1.2 microseconds for cholelitholysis. Power of 10-40 kW was directed through a 250-microns quartz fiber optic to ablate 55 gallstones (removed from 14 patients). The fiber was positioned in direct contact with the stones under saline. Power delivery was begun at 10 kW and increased in 10-kW increments until litholysis began. The range of power and energy necessary to fragment the gallstones was evaluated on four common bile ducts (fresh autopsy specimens). Following fragmentation, all stones were analyzed. There were 35 cholesterol stones (3 calcified) and 20 bilirubin stones (4 calcified). Size ranged from 0.012 to 7.56 cm3 (mean 0.96 +/- 1.41 cm3). Energy necessary for fragmentation ranged from 0.4 to 11.2 J (exposure time 1.0-28 s). Power necessary for fragmentation was 20 kW for 2/55 stones and 40 kW for 53/55 stones. At 40 kW (40 mJ/pulse), common bile duct perforation occurred within 1.1 +/- 0.1 s (0.44 +/- 0.04 J). The pulsed tunable dye laser can fragment gallstones of all compositions. The threshold for fragmentation is 40 kW, but common bile duct perforation occurs at this power. We conclude that laser radiation sufficient to fragment gallstones can injure the common bile duct.
Nano-mechanics Foundations and Experimental Methodologies for Multiphysics Prognosis of Functional Behaviour in Heterogeneous Functional Materials (HeteroFoaM) (2014)

The present paper will discuss the nano-mechanics foundations and experimental methodologies that provide a foundation for the prognosis of the functional behavior of nano-structured heterogeneous materials for energy systems. The principle objective of this work at the fundamental level is the creation of conceptual foundations for prognosis of heterogeneous functional materials. Our approach is to focus on the mechanics associated with the nano-structural configurations and interfaces (function and geometry) of the active phases. The paper will discuss conceptual foundations, experimental methods, and computational and analysis methods that associate global functional response of interest to energy conversion and storage with the multiphysics of nano-structured heterogeneous materials. New experimental room-temperature, non-invasive interrogation methods for establishing internal integrity and for following material state changes in solid oxide fuel cells as a function of operation history will also be introduced and discussed as an example of the application of these concepts.
Genetic and cell-free studies of PCB biodegradation in pseudomonas putida LB400. Book chapter. [PCB (polychlorinated biphenyls)] (1987)

An investigation into the ability of strains defective in biphenyl metabolism to degrade PCBs, strongly suggests that the same enzymes are used for both substrates. The genes encoding these enzymes have been isolated and are being characterized. The ability of cell-free extracts of P. putida LB400 to degrade PCBs has been examined. Results indicate that the enzymes for PCB metabolism are present in the soluble portion of the extract.
Progress report on the flat beam experiment at the Fermilab / NICADD photoinjector laboratory (2004)

We report on our present progress toward the investigation on the generation of flat beam from an incoming angular momentum-dominated beam. In the present paper we compare our latest experimental results with numerical simulations.
Microtensile creep testing of freestanding MCrAlY bond coats (2019)

Abstract
Vehicle Component Benchmarking Using a Chassis Dynamometer (2015)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The benchmarking study described in this paper uses data from chassis dynamometer testing to determine the efficiency and operation of vehicle driveline components. A robust test procedure was created that can be followed with no a priori knowledge of component performance, nor additional instrumentation installed in the vehicle.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;To develop the procedure, a 2013 Chevrolet Malibu was tested on a chassis dynamometer. Dynamometer data, emissions data, and data from the vehicle controller area network (CAN) bus were used to construct efficiency maps for the engine and transmission. These maps were compared to maps of the same components produced from standalone component benchmarking, resulting in a good match between results from in-vehicle and standalone testing.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The benchmarking methodology was extended to a 2013 Mercedes E350 diesel vehicle. Dynamometer, emissions, and CAN data were used to construct efficiency maps and operation strategies for the engine and transmission. These maps were used in EPA's Advanced Light-duty Powertrain and Hybrid Analysis Tool (ALPHA) vehicle model, which showed a good agreement between the modeled fuel economy and dynamometer test results.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;