gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Contingency Management for Adolescent Smokers: An Exploratory Study (2007)

ABSTRACT This exploratory study investigated the efficacy and feasibility of a contingency management (CM) protocol for adolescent smokers that included use of a reduction phase. Using a within-participants design, 19 adolescents completed three 7-day phases: (1) reinforcement for attendance and provision of breath samples (RA) phase, (2) a washout phase, (3) a CM phase, with order of CM and RA counterbalanced. In addition, participants were randomized to one of two reinforcement conditions during the CM phase: (1) CM-Abstinence condition (n = 9), wherein participants earned reinforcement only for carbon monoxide levels (CO) indicating abstinence; (2) CM-Reduction condition (n = 10), wherein participants earned reinforcement for reductions from baseline CO levels for the first half of the CM phase, followed by an abstinence contingency for the remainder of the phase. Compared with CM-Abstinence, adolescents in CM-Reduction demonstrated trends for more abstinent readings and had a significantly higher percentage of readings meeting criteria for reinforcement during the CM phase. Adolescents who received the RA phase first had lower CO readings during the subsequent CM phase than those who received CM first. Future research is warranted on the effects of introducing RA and other control conditions prior to administration of CM, on strengthening the magnitude of the reinforcement, on instituting reinforcement schedules that program more rein-forcers and with longer duration to maximize the efficacy of CM-based interventions, and on increasing the exportability of CM for smoking through advances in biochemical data collection and assessment techniques.
Expression and Characterization of a PNPLA3 Protein Isoform (I148M) Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (2011)

A genetic variant of PNPLA3 (patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3; PNPLA3-I148M), a serine protease of unknown function, is associated with accumulation of triacylglycerol (TAG) in the liver. To determine the biological substrates of PNPLA3 and the effect of the I148M substitution on enzymatic activity and substrate specificity, we purified and characterized recombinant human PNPLA3 and PNPLA3-I148M. Maximal hydrolytic activity of PNPLA3 was observed against the three major glycerolipids, TAG, diacylglycerol, and monoacylglycerol, with a strong preference for oleic acid as the acyl moiety. Substitution of methionine for isoleucine at position 148 markedly decreased the V(max) of the enzyme for glycerolipids but had only a modest effect on the K(m). Purified PNPLA3 also catalyzed the hydrolysis of oleoyl-CoA, but the V(max) was 100-fold lower for oleoyl-CoA than for triolein. The thioesterase activity required the catalytic serine but was only modestly decreased by the I148M substitution. The enzyme had little or no hydrolytic activity against the other lipid substrates tested, including phospholipids, cholesteryl ester, and retinyl esters. Neither the wild-type nor mutant enzyme catalyzed transfer of oleic acid from oleoyl-CoA to glycerophosphate, lysophosphatidic acid, or diacylglycerol, suggesting that the enzyme does not promote de novo TAG synthesis. Taken together, our results are consistent with the notion that PNPLA3 plays a role in the hydrolysis of glycerolipids and that the I148M substitution causes a loss of function, although we cannot exclude the possibility that the enzyme has additional substrates or activities.
Transient Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia and Kaposi's Sarcoma after Primary Infection with Human Herpesvirus 8 in a Patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection (1998)

2] Indirect immunofluorescence and immunoblot assays, based on antigens from a latently infected lymphoma cell line, have shown that HHV-8 is not a ubiquitous viral infection in humans. ] It is controversial whether primary infection with HHV-8 produces an acute clinical syndrome. We describe a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who had a sudden onset of fever, arthralgia, cervical lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly that spontaneously resolved within eight weeks. Pathological examination of the cervical nodes identified angiolymphoid hyperplasia and foci of Kaposi's sarcoma. Retrospec-
ChemInform Abstract: Simultaneous Binding of Cations and Anions (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Eye corner detector robust to shape and illumination changes (2013)

We introduce a robust and accurate eye corner detector. The purpose of this technology is to improve the robustness of natural user interfaces' inputs, such as eye movements, in real-life environments for various users. Our technology relies on the pupil centers and particularly the inter-pupil direction, to define simple features capturing the structural characteristics of the eye corners independently of the shape and appearance of their neighborhoods. Our method proved to be robust to different lighting environments, eye shapes and different patterns of reflection on glasses. We report an error below 2% of the inter-pupil distance for 98% of the images, and maintain processing time below 3ms for computation on both eyes.
Beryllium liner implosion experiments on the Z accelerator in preparation for MagLIF. (2013)

Abstract not provided.
Quantitative differences in the expression of a 72,000 molecular weight cell surface glycoprotein (GP72) in <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> zymodemes. (1984)

Abstract A high affinity monoclonal antibody, 8G2 B9, was used to assess the expression of a 72,000 m.w. glycoprotein ( GP72 ) in isoenzyme-typed T. cruzi strains ( zymodemes ). Western blotting analysis of T. cruzi clones showed that 8G2 B9 bound strongly to GP72 and also suggested that this antigen was absent or weakly detectable in T. cruzi zymodeme 1 (Z1) strains. Purified 8G2 B9 was radiolabeled with 125I and used in an inhibition radioimmune binding assay to compare the quantities of GP72 in different zymodemes . Ninety-six T. cruzi strains were assayed, of which 36 were Z1, 36 were Z2, five were Z3 , and 19 were Z2 (heterozygous). Most (64%) Z1 strains lacked detectable GP72 , whereas this antigen was always detected Z2 and Z2 (heterozygous) strains. There was an 18-fold difference between geometric mean values for the quantities of GP72 (expressed as nanograms per milligram total cell protein) in Z1 and Z2 strains (Z1, 36 ng/mg; Z2, 639 ng/mg; p less than 0.001). There were also significant differences between the geometric mean values for Z2 and Z2 (heterozygous) strains, i.e., 639 ng/mg and 1648 ng/mg, respectively (p less than 0.001). GP72 was detected in four of the Z3 strains in quantities ranging from 740 to 3640 ng/mg. The absolute amounts of antigen in GP72 -positive strains were low, comprising less than 1% of the total cell protein. The specificities of two other anti- GP72 monoclonal antibodies, 7C6 D7 and WIC 29.26, were compared with 8G2 B9. Both antibodies completely inhibited the binding of 8G2 B9 to GP72 in solid phase immunoassays, suggesting that they reacted with the same antigenic determinants. The results show that monoclonal antibody-based assessments of the expression of GP72 correlate with zymodeme classification, and they also suggest that the monoclonal antibodies recognize major antigenic determinants on GP72 . It should be possible to use 8G2 B9 as an immunologic marker to additionally investigate the clinical significance of T. cruzi zymodemes and the biologic significance of GP72 .
Supplementary Materials and Methods and Supplementary Tables S1-S5 from α&lt;sub&gt;V&lt;/sub&gt;β&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Integrin-Targeted Radionuclide Therapy with &lt;sup&gt;64&lt;/sup&gt;Cu-cyclam-RAFT-c(-RGDfK-)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Files contain (1) Supplementary Materials and Methods for ï�¡Vï�¢3 expression analysis, autoradiography and histological analysis, and hematology and hepatorenal function; (2) Supplementary Tables S1-S5; and (3) Supplementary Figures S1-S5. Table S1ï€­Effects of 37 MBq (1 nmol) of 64Cu-cyclam-RAFT-c(-RGDfK-)4 {plus minus} GF/Lys on hepatorenal functions of U87MG tumor-bearing mice; Table S2ï€­Blood cell counts of U87MG tumor-bearing mice at various time points post-injection of 37 MBq (1 nmol) of 64Cu-cyclam-RAFT-c(-RGDfK-)4 {plus minus} GF/Lys; Table S3ï€­Blood cell counts of U87MG tumor-bearing mice at various time points after single dose administrations of 37 and 74 MBq of 64Cu-cyclam-RAFT-c(-RGDfK-)4; Table S4ï€­Effects of 74 MBq (2 nmol) of 64Cu-cyclam-RAFT-c(-RGDfK-)4 + GF/Lys on hepatorenal functions of normal mice; Table S5ï€­Human absorbed doses extrapolated from the biodistribution data of 64Cu-cyclam-RAFT-c(-RGDfK-)4 in U87MG tumor-bearing mice&lt;/p&gt;
The neuronal tyrosine kinase receptor ligand ALKAL2 mediates persistent pain (2022)

The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase known for its oncogenic potential that is involved in the development of the peripheral and central nervous system. ALK receptor ligands ALKAL1 and ALKAL2 were recently found to promote neuronal differentiation and survival. Here, we show that inflammation or injury enhanced ALKAL2 expression in a subset of TRPV1+ sensory neurons. Notably, ALKAL2 was particularly enriched in both mouse and human peptidergic nociceptors, yet weakly expressed in nonpeptidergic, large-diameter myelinated neurons or in the brain. Using a coculture expression system, we found that nociceptors exposed to ALKAL2 exhibited heightened excitability and neurite outgrowth. Intraplantar CFA or intrathecal infusion of recombinant ALKAL2 led to ALK phosphorylation in the lumbar dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Finally, depletion of ALKAL2 in dorsal root ganglia or blocking ALK with clinically available compounds crizotinib or lorlatinib reversed thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia induced by inflammation or nerve injury, respectively. Overall, our work uncovers the ALKAL2/ALK signaling axis as a central regulator of nociceptor-induced sensitization. We propose that clinically approved ALK inhibitors used for non-small cell lung cancer and neuroblastomas could be repurposed to treat persistent pain conditions.
Cytotoxic constituents of the roots of the indonesian medicinal plant <i>Fibraurea chloroleuca</i> (1993)

Abstract Three protoberberine alkaloids, berberine chloride, berberrubine chloride and thalifendine chloride were isolated from the roots of Fibraurea chloroleuca Miers, and found to show significant cytotoxic activity with one or more human cancer cell‐lines and cultured P‐388 cells. A phytoecdysteroid, 20‐hydroxyecdysone, was also isolated as a noncytotoxic compound. Based on comparison with previous investigations, different collections of F. chloroleuca roots appear to exhibit considerable variation in their alkaloidal profiles.
A blockwise loading algorithm for the adaptive modulation technique in OFDM systems (2002)

The OFDM transmission technique has the inherent flexibility to adapt the modulation scheme on each subcarrier according to the reception quality, i.e. the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on a subcarrier. The allocation of bits to subcarriers is performed by so-called loading algorithms. In this paper, a new and rather simple loading algorithm is introduced which shows comparable performance and lower computational complexity compared to the well-known algorithm of Chow et al. (1995). In the proposed algorithm, subcarriers are clustered in blocks, which are allocated the same modulation scheme. This way, the signalling overhead can be reduced in comparison with standard subcarrier bit loading algorithms.
PKA prevents mitochondrial pathology induced by loss of PINK1 function (2010)

PTEN‐induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and mitochondrial PKA targeted to mitochondria via AKAP121 are two ser/thr kinases that regulate neuronal survival and mitochondrial function. We have previously shown that stable loss of PINK1 leads to increased generation of mitochondrial ROS, fission, and protective mitophagy (Dagda et al, 2009). Given that these two protective ser/thr kinases have the ability to localize to mitochondria, we hypothesized that PKA and PINK1 regulate common mitochondrial pathways in neurons. We transiently expressed multiple GFP fusion constructs of PKA in stable PINK1 knockdown SH‐SY5Y cell lines. Confocal analysis of transfected cells showed that treating cells with analogues of cyclic AMP or transient expression of mitochondrially targeted PKA but not of untargeted GFP, reverses mitochondrial fission induced by stable loss of PINK1. Moreover, cell survival assays showed that transient expression of cytosolic PKA or that cyclic AMP treatment significantly increased survival against cell death induced by stable loss of PINK1 in SH‐SY5Y cells or cell death induced by transient expression of PINK1 mutants in primary cortical neurons. Overall, our studies support a PKA‐PINK1 signaling pathway to reverse mitochondrial fission and increase survival of PINK1 deficient cells. This study was supported by NIH (AG026389 and DC009120, CTC)and RKD was supported by F32 AG030821.
The MBE growth of arbitrarily thick SrTiO3/LaAlO3 quantum well heterostructures for use in next-generation optoelectronic devices (2018)

While the SrTiO3/LaAlO3 (STO/LAO) materials system has been widely studied in the hopes of integrating it into transition metal oxide (TMO) electronic devices, recent reports have focused on its optical properties. Electronic confinement in STO quantum wells (QWs) and the optical modulation of confined charge carriers have recently been demonstrated, suggesting the feasibility of producing TMO-based QW optoelectronic devices. However, before these devices can be realized, it is necessary to develop the capability to grow such structures arbitrarily thick while maintaining high crystalline quality. We report on the fabrication of STO/LAO QW heterostructures and demonstrate via reflection high-energy electron diffraction, X-ray diffraction, reciprocal space mapping, and X-ray reflectivity measurements that these heterostructures can be grown arbitrarily thick while maintaining a high crystalline quality and uniform periodicity, in contrast to previous reports. While we focus primarily on the STO/LAO system in this report, we believe the growth and design principles contained herein can inform the growth of a multitude of different TMO QW heterostructures, paving the way for the next generation of TMO-based QW optoelectronic devices.
Reactive Jetting of High Viscosity Nanocomposites for Dielectric Elastomer Actuation (2022)

Abstract The layer‐by‐layer nature of additive manufacturing is well matched to the layer construction of stacked dielectric actuators, with inkjet printing offering a unique opportunity due to its droplet‐on‐demand capability, suitable for multi‐material processing at high resolution. This paper demonstrates the use of high viscosity, multi‐material jetting to deposit two‐part reactive inks with functionalized nanofillers to digitally manufacture dielectric elastomers for soft robots with high precision, and shape manipulation. Graphene‐based fillers, including graphene oxide (GO) and thermally reduced graphene oxides (TRGOs), have been incorporated into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix at low loading (below the percolation threshold). Consequently, the dielectric constant of the elastomer dramatically increases (by 97%) compared to neat PDMS, yielding a more than 20‐fold increase in the electric‐field induced electromechanical contraction (from 0.3 to 6.7%). This study shows that the oxygen‐functionalities present in GO and TRGOs, which possess a moderate conductivity, improve the dispersion of those fillers in polymer matrices, thus significantly improving the dielectric constant of the polymer composites. Inkjet printing of high‐performance, soft electroactive composites enables high‐speed, reliable fabrication of monolithic artificial muscles (leading to stronger, cheaper, and more capable soft robotic devices) and provides a vital stepping stone towards fully additively manufactured soft robots.
The Local and Systemic Immune Response to Intrauterine LPS in the Prepartum Mouse (2016)

Inflammation plays a key role in human term and preterm labor (PTL). Intrauterine LPS has been widely used to model inflammation-induced complications of pregnancy, including PTL. It has been shown to induce an intense myometrial inflammatory cell infiltration, but the role of LPS-induced inflammatory cell activation in labor onset and fetal demise is unclear. We investigated this using a mouse model of PTL, where an intrauterine injection of 10 μg of LPS (serotype 0111:B4) was given at E16 of CD1 mouse pregnancy. This dose induced PTL at an average of 12.7 h postinjection in association with 85% fetal demise. Flow cytometry showed that LPS induced a dramatic systemic inflammatory response provoking a rapid and marked leucocyte infiltration into the maternal lung and liver in association with increased cytokine levels. Although there was acute placental inflammatory gene expression, there was no corresponding increase in fetal brain inflammatory gene expression until after fetal demise. There was marked myometrial activation of NFκB and MAPK/AP-1 systems in association with increased chemokine and cytokine levels, both of which peaked with the onset of parturition. Myometrial macrophage and neutrophil numbers were greater in the LPS-injected mice with labor onset only; prior to labor, myometrial neutrophils and monocytes numbers were greater in PBS-injected mice, but this was not associated with an earlier onset of labor. These data suggest that intrauterine LPS induces parturition directly, independent of myometrial inflammatory cell infiltration, and that fetal demise occurs without fetal inflammation. Intrauterine LPS provokes a marked local and systemic inflammatory response but with limited inflammatory cell infiltration into the myometrium or placenta.
Operational calculus for rows, columns, and blocks of linear relations (2020)

Abstract Columns and rows are operations for pairs of linear relations in Hilbert spaces, modelled on the corresponding notions of the componentwise sum and the usual sum of such pairs. The introduction of matrices whose entries are linear relations between underlying component spaces takes place via the row and column operations. The main purpose here is to offer an attempt to formalize the operational calculus for block matrices, whose entries are all linear relations. Each block relation generates a unique linear relation between the Cartesian products of initial and final Hilbert spaces that admits particular properties which will be characterized. Special attention is paid to the formal matrix multiplication of two blocks of linear relations and the connection to the usual product of the unique linear relations generated by them. In the present general setting these two products need not be connected to each other without some additional conditions.
P1‐092: The effect of formic acid treatment on aggregated Aβ (2011)

ß-amyloid peptides (Aß) are major players in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and have been the subject of close attention recently as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of AD. Aß readily aggregate (agg-Aß), especially Aß42, making them more difficult to measure precisely. This study thus investigated the effect of formic acid (FA) treatment on agg-Aß to improve assay ability. We analyzed the effect of FA treatment of agg-Aß by PAGE (tested samples were Monomer Aß (Aß1-42, Peptide Institute) and agg-Aß) and ELISA (tested samples were Monomer Aß, agg-Aß, and human samples). Monomer Aß was incubated in the same way as agg-Aß. FA was added directly to each sample to a concentration of at least 70%, and the sample was neutralized before assaying. Molecular weights and Aß concentrations with and without FA treatment were measured. Human samples were nasal mucosa collected by the swab. ELISA kits containing antibodies with varying sites of recognition (anti-human Aß1-42, Aß1-x, Aßx-42, Agg-Aß, Oligomer Aß) were used. PAGE analysis revealed a higher molecular weight for untreated agg-Aß than for monomer Aß. Following treatment with FA, the molecular weight of agg-Aß decreased. ELISA showed stronger signals in agg-Aß and human samples following FA treatment compared to untreated samples without FA when we used ELISA kits for Aß1-42, Aß1-x, Aßx-42. Whereas, they were weak signals when we used ELISA kit for Agg-Aß, Oligomer Aß. Our results indicated that FA treatment has the potential of degrading and solubilizing agg-Aß. In addition, Aß exists as agg-Aß in human nasal cavity.
Studies on the association of the Epstein-Barr virus genome with chromosomes in human (Burkitt)/mouse hybrid cells. (1978)

We have used somatic-cell hybrids of mouse fibroblast and Burkitt's lymphoblastoid tumour cells to continue our investigation of the association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome and human chromosomes. A mouse/Burkitt hybrid cell, designated CL1D/HR-1, was cloned in soft agar. Each of 10 clones was assayed for the spontaneous expression of EBV-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA), early antigen (EA) and virus capsid antigen (VCA). Six of 10 clones were EBNA-positive but negative for EA and VCA even after treatment with iododeoxyuridine. One clone, designated M44, contained approximately 90% EBNA-positive cells and 0.3--0.5 EBV genome equivalents per cell. Thirty subclones of clone M44 were obtained and analysed for EBV DNA, EBNA and human chromosomes. Four subclones (three EBNA-positive and one EBNA-negative) were studied in detail. Data obtained thus far indicate that none of the four subclones of clone M44 studied contained any intact human chromosome. Isozyme analysis of these subclones indicated that all four subclones, regardless of the status of the EBV genome, synthesized nucleoside phosphorylase, an enzyme which has been linked to human chromosome number 14.
Based on Rub a Drum of Four Axis Programming and Virtual Machining Optimization Research (2015)

Analysis of the features of Mastercam, Solidworks and Vericut software and their respective advantages, Proposed by Solidworks, MastercamX and VERICUT three software are combined as the optimization platform to build the NC machining program integrated modeling, assembly, processing, simulation and Optimization in one. Author take rub a drum processing for an example, in the Solidworks modeling, assembly, in the Mastercam X programming and generate the NC program, through VERICUT for the simulation and optimization of NC program, Examples show the rationality of optimization, avoiding the collision, the production and processing of the interference, the over cut phenomenon, Three software effectively combined, play a very high efficiency, improve the using efficiency of NC machine tool, has the certain reference significance to the actual production.