gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Congenital adrenal hypoplasia and selective absence of pituitary luteinizing hormone: A new autosomal recessive syndrome (1988)

Congenital hypoplasia of the adrenal glands (CHA) is a rare condition, particularly in the absence of a central nervous system (CNS) anomaly. Two major types of CHA have been described in the setting of an apparently normal CNS and pituitary: a cytomegalic type usually with X-linked recessive inheritance and a miniature adult type that, when hereditary, is an autosomal recessive trait. Glycerol kinase deficiency (GKD) is an X-linked recessive trait, and it may be associated with CHA and adrenal insufficiency, presumably because of deletion of adjacent X-linked loci. We report on three sibling infants, one male and two females, with normal CNS and lethal CHA of the miniature adult type, selective absence of pituitary LH; two of the infants also had glycerol kinase (GK) activity that was decreased but not in the GKD range. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of X chromosome markers located at Xp21-p22 was carried out on the maternal grandfather, both parents, two of three affected infants, and a living normal brother. The results excluded the X-linked type of this disorder associated with GKD in this family. Autosomal recessive inheritance is most likely.
Modeling location management in personal communications services (2002)

Location management refers to accessing and maintaining user information for call routing purposes. This paper presents a realistic modeling framework for evaluating the performance of location management schemes in PCS networks. The framework captures complex human behaviors and has been validated through analysis of actual call and mobility data. Simulation results, showing the performance of IS-41, are presented.
Performance evaluation of a frequency selective millimeter wave system with limited feedback (2017)

Following the recent interest in millimeter wave (mmWave) for wireless applications and the difficulty in having the channel state information at transmitter due to the large amount of data required for feedback, a low complex uniform-based limited feedback technique is proposed, for a mmWave massive MIMO OFDM-based (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system. The wideband mmWave system has both transmitter and receiver equipped with a large antenna array, and employs a hybrid analog-digital precoding and combiner: the digital precoder is applied in the frequency domain and differ from subcarrier to subcarrier, while the analog precoder is frequency flat. The limited feedback strategy employs a uniform-based quantization for channel amplitudes, angle of departure and angle of arrival in time domain. After being fed back, these information is used to reconstruct the overall channel in frequency domain and the transmit antenna array, which are then used to compute the hybrid analog-digital precoders. Numerical results show that the proposed quantization strategy achieves a performance close to the one obtained with perfect full channel with a low overhead and complexity.
Supplementary material from "Survival of retinal ganglion cells after damage to the occipital lobe in humans is activity dependent" (2019)

Damage to the optic radiations or primary visual cortex leads to blindness in all or part of the contralesional visual field. Such damage disconnects the retina from its downstream targets and, over time, leads to trans-synaptic retrograde degeneration of retinal ganglion cells. To date, visual ability is the only predictor of retinal ganglion cell degeneration that has been investigated after geniculostriate damage. Given prior findings that some patients have preserved visual cortex activity for stimuli presented in their blind field, we tested whether that activity explains variability in retinal ganglion cell degeneration over and above visual ability. We prospectively studied 15 patients (four females, mean age = 63.7 years) with homonymous visual field defects secondary to stroke, 10 of whom were tested within the first two months after stroke. Each patient completed automated Humphrey visual field testing, retinotopic mapping with functional magnetic resonance imaging, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of the macula. There was a positive relation between ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness in the blind field and early visual cortex activity for stimuli presented in the blind field. Furthermore, residual visual cortex activity for stimuli presented in the blind field soon after the stroke predicted the degree of retinal GCC thinning six months later. These findings indicate that retinal ganglion cell survival after ischaemic damage to the geniculostriate pathway is activity dependent.
A 3D Bayesian Computed Tomography Reconstruction Algorithm with Gauss-Markov-Potts Prior Model and its Application to Real Data (2017)

Iterative reconstruction methods in Computed Tomography (CT) are known to provide better image quality than analytical methods but they are not still applied in many fields because of their computational cost. In the last years, Graphical Processor Units (GPU) have emerged as powerful devices in or der to parallelize calculations, but the efficiency of their use is conditionned on applying algorithms that can be massively parallelizable. Moreover, in non-destructive testing (NDT) applications, a segmentation of the reconstructed volume is often needed in order to have an accurate diagnosis on the material health, but performing a segmentation after the reconstruction introduces uncertainties in the diagnosis from both the reconstruction and the segmentation algorithms. In this paper, we propose an iterative reconstruction method for 3D CT that performs a joint reconstruction and segmentation of the controlled object in NDT for industrial applications. The method is based on a 3D Gauss-Markov-Potts prior model in Bayesian framework, which has shown its effective use in many image restoration and super-resolution problems. First, we briefly describe this model, before deriving the expression of the joint posterior distribution of all the unknowns. Next, an effective maximization of this distribution is presented. We use a ray-driven projector and a voxel-driven backprojector implemented on GPU. The algorithm is developed so it can be massively parallelized. Finally, we present our results on simulated and real phantoms. In addition, we investigate further reconstruction quality indicators in order to compare our results with other methods.
Synthesis and properties of phosphorus containing polyester-amides derived from 1,4-bis(3-aminobenzoyloxy)-2-(6-oxido-6H-dibenz?c,e??1,2?oxaphosphorin-6-yl) phenylene (1999)

A series of polyester-amides that contain phosphorus were synthesized by low temperature solution condensation of 1,4-bis(3-aminobenzoyloxy)-2-(6-oxido-6H-dibenz〈c,e〉〈1,2〉oxaphosphorin-6-yl) phenylene (III) with various aromatic acid chlorides in N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP). All polyester-amides are amorphous and readily soluble in many organic solvents such as dimethylacetamide (DMAc), NMP, dimethylsulfoxide, and dimethylformamide at room temperature or on heating. Light yellow and flexible films of these polyester-amides could be cast from the DMAc solutions. The polymers with an inherent viscosity of 0.26–0.72 dL/g were obtained in quantitative yields. These polyester-amides have good mechanical properties (G′ of ∼ 109 Pa up to 200°C) and good thermal and flame retardant properties. The glass transition temperatures of these polyester-amides ranged from 250 to 273°C. The degradation temperatures (Td 5%) in nitrogen ranged from 466 to 478°C and the char yields at 800°C were 59.6–65.2%. The limiting oxygen indexes of these polyester-amides ranged from 35 to 43. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 891–899, 1999
Development of a new fiber optic vibration sensor and its application to structural health monitoring of composite structures (2003)

A new fiber-optic vibration sensor has been developed and applied to structural health monitoring. The sensor is based on new finding that frequency of light wave transmitted through an bended optical fiber is shifted by vibration at the bended region. The principle can be explained that Doppler's effect of the light wave which changes its direction in the optical fiber. Several configurations of the sensor have been designed, and very high sensitivity has been achieved in the extremely wide frequency band by applying laser Doppler velocimetory. Practically numberless sensing points can be arranged on a single optical fiber, and regional monitoring which covers large area of the structures can be achieved. The performance of the sensor is examined experimentally by applying to detection of AE signals and elastic wave propagation in the composite material and adhesive joint test specimens. The experimental results show that the sensitivity is almost equivalent to PZT sensor and that failure of composite materials and debonding in the adhesive joint can be detected successfully. The durable, low-cost and high-sensitive sensor can show a new scope to structural health monitoring in the very variety of applications, for examples, composite aerospace structures, energy plants, piping system, infrastructures such as bridges and tunnels, surface and underground facilities. University and industry collaboration initiated a new business of new NDE for health monitoring and diagnostics.
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Drainage Increases With Gravity and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure Pulsations: Benchtop Model (2021)

Shunt valves are prone to gravity-dependent overdrainage, which has motivated the development of gravitational valves and antisiphon devices. This study shows that overdrainage is not limited to the vertical position but that pulse pressures that simulate rhythmic (eg, cardiac) and provoked (eg, Valsalva) physiological CSF pulsations increase outflow in both the horizontal and vertical positions and are dependent on compliance. A deeper understanding of the physiological parameters that affect intracranial pressure and flow through shunt systems is prerequisite to the development of novel valves.
Ambulatory visits to hospital emergency departments. Patterns and reasons for use. 24 Hours in the ED Study Group (1996)

Most ambulatory patients seek care in an ED because of worrisome symptoms or nonfinancial barriers to care. Although many ambulatory patients appear to have nonurgent conditions based on triage classification, a small but disturbing percentage of nonurgent patients are hospitalized.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐ACYLTETRAMIC ACID ANTIBIOTICS. 1. SYNTHESIS OF TIRANDAMYCIC ACID (1981)

Abstract Die Gesamtausb.
Potent Inhibition of Both Human Interferon-γ Production and Biologic Activity by the Clara Cell Protein CC16 (1995)

The Clara cell 16 kD protein (CC16), the predominant product of the Clara cells lining the bronchiolar epithelium, is thought to protect the respiratory and urogenital tract from unwanted inflammatory reactions through its immunosuppressive action. In this report, we show evidence that CC16 establishes an anti-inflammatory activity by interfering with the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-mediated actions of the cytokine network. The HuIFN-gamma production of stimulated single-donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells is inhibited by the presence of doses of CC16 in the range of 10(-12) M, with a maximal inhibition (up to 95%) when interleukin-2 is used as a stimulating agent. CC16 also diminishes the biologic activity of IFN-gamma: both the antiviral activity and the stimulation of phagocytosis by IFN-gamma, measured by means of chemiluminescence, are reduced in the presence of CC16. These observations indicate that CC16 acts as an anticytokine and could give new insight in the potential role of the Clara cells.
Causality Assessment Guidelines for Adverse Events Following Immunization with a Focus on Guillain–Barré Syndrome (2020)

South Korea operates a National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP) for people who experience adverse events following immunization (AEFI). To run this program rationally, it is a prerequisite to confirm whether adverse events were caused by immunization. Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), a severe neurological disease with limb pain and muscle weakness as cardinal symptoms, is attracting attention as an AEFI. However, algorithm or guidelines for assessing the causality between vaccination and the incidence of GBS are lacking. We aimed to develop guidelines for causality assessment of GBS as an AEFI and suggest using these guidelines in alignment with the VICP. We systematically searched for other previously published algorithms or guidelines and found a WHO-AEFI guideline used worldwide; however, it only provides general instructions and is not tailored to specific adverse events. We translated and locally adapted the structure of this guideline and then added contents related to GBS. The GBS-specific guideline consists of four steps: case ascertainment of GBS, checklist (including (1) order of incidence, (2) temporal proximity, (3) evidence for other causes and (4) published evidence), an algorithm, and final classification. We listed key information on confirming GBS and whether any other causes of GBS were present. For real world application of the guideline along with the VICP, we collaborated with a panel of neurologists, epidemiologic investigators, and committee members from the VICP. To ensure transparency and a scientific approach, regular updates and collaboration with neurologists are essential. We expect that this guideline will contribute to logical causality assessment and compensation decisions for GBS and will provide the basic structure for causality assessment of other AEFIs.
Pelvic restraint cushion sled test evaluation of pelvic forward motion (2017)

Although small sample size limits the utility of the study's findings, the results suggest that the PRC can limit pelvic forward motion and that pelvic injury due to PRC deployment is not likely.
Cirrus: An Automated Mammography-Based Measure of Breast Cancer Risk Based on Textural Features (2018)

A fully automated personal risk measure created from combining textural image features performs better at predicting breast cancer risk than conventional mammographic density risk measures, capturing half the risk-predicting ability of the latter measures. In terms of differentiating affected and unaffected women on a population basis, Cirrus could be one of the strongest known risk factors for breast cancer.
Effects of milnacipran, duloxetine and indomethacin, in polyarthritic rats using the Randall–Selitto model (2011)

Milnacipran, a serotonin and noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), is efficacious in rodents in various models of acute or chronic pain (traumatic, neuropathic, inflammatory, visceral). However, its activity against arthritic pain has never been explored. Here, we assessed the activity of acute treatment with milnacipran in a polyarthritic rat model. Rats were injected in the tail base with complete Freund's adjuvant to induce a state of polyarthritis. Analgesic effects of acute treatment with intraperitoneal administration of milnacipran were then evaluated, using the Randall–Selitto model, against two levels of pressure applied to both hind paws (a lower one, addressing mechanical allodynia and a higher one, addressing mechanical hyperalgesia). The other SNRI duloxetine and the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin were tested as positive controls. Milnacipran was significantly and dose dependently active against the decrease of paw withdrawal threshold produced by complete Freund's adjuvant for low (minimum effective dose=5 mg/kg, range tested: 2.5–10 mg/kg) and high (minimum effective dose=10 mg/kg, range tested: 5–20 mg/kg)-pressure levels. Duloxetine (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) was significantly active against low pressure only. Indomethacin (3 mg/kg per os) was efficacious against both pressure levels. These rodent data suggest that milnacipran should be efficacious in painful conditions associated with chronic inflammatory states, such as arthritis.
Chemistry of 2-Arylhydrazonals: Utility of Substituted 2-Arylhydrazono-3-Oxoalkanals as Precursors for 3-Oxoalkanonitriles, 3-Aminoisoxazole and 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-Triazoles (2006)

Efficient routes to 2-arylhydrazono-3-oxoalkanonitriles, 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles, and 3-aminoisoxazole utilising the oximes of the title hydrazones are reported. The behaviour of the oximes on pyrolysis in the gas phase and by flash vacuum is analysed. X-ray crystallography were used to confirm the structure of the triazole 10b and the 3-oxoalkanonitrile 12f.
Normal-Phase Automated Mass-Directed HPLC Purification of a Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Library with Vasopressin Agonist Activity (2009)

A 23-member library of pyrrolobenzodiazepine derivatives with vasopressin agonist activity was purified on a 100-mg per injection scale using normal-phase (NP) automated mass-directed HPLC. Analytical NP APCI-LC/MS on an experimental monolith silica CN column utilizing gradients of methanol in ethoxynonafluorobutane (hexane-like solvent) was used to provide data on chromatographic purity and ionization of the solutes. The analytical data collected were used to program a preparative LC/MS instrument for "smart" fraction collection based on the protonated molecular ion of the component of interest. Preparative HPLC was carried out on a preparative cyano column with gradients of polar organic solvents in heptane containing n-propylamine as a basic additive. Flow rates twice as high as conventional ones were used for purification of library compounds. Small aliquots of the preparative flow were mixed with makeup solvent and introduced into an APCI source of a quadrupole mass spectrometer, which triggered collection of solutes. Two methods with fixed instrument parameters were used for purification. The system utilized commercially available instrumentation and software, which provided excellent recovery and purity of the library components and appeared to be useful as a fast and efficient alternative to traditional purification technologies based on reversed-phase LC/MS.
Coordinated Media Streaming and Transcoding in Peer-to-Peer Systems (2005)

In this paper we study the problem of multimedia streaming and transcoding in P2P systems. We propose a multimedia streaming architecture in which transcoding services coordinate to transform the streaming data into different formats and adapt to both the QoS requirements of the applications and to the availability of the system resources. Our techniques are entirely distributed, use only local knowledge and scale well with the size of the system. Extensive simulation results validate the performance of our approach.
Effect of alcohol consumption on the risk of adverse events in atrial fibrillation: from the COmparison study of Drugs for symptom control and complication prEvention of Atrial Fibrillation (CODE-AF) registry (2020)

Abstract Aims The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between alcohol consumption and atrial fibrillation (AF)-related adverse events in the AF population. Methods and results A total of 9411 patients with nonvalvular AF in a prospective observational registry were categorized into four groups according to the amount of alcohol consumption—abstainer-rare, light (&amp;lt;100 g/week), moderate (100–200 g/week), and heavy (≥200 g/week). Data on adverse events (ischaemic stroke, transient ischaemic attack, systemic embolic event, or AF hospitalization including for AF rate or rhythm control and heart failure management) were collected for 17.4 ± 7.3 months. A Cox proportional hazard models was performed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs), and propensity score matching was conducted to validate the results. The heavy alcohol consumption group showed an increased risk of composite adverse outcomes [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.66] compared with the reference group (abstainer-rare group). However, no significant increased risk for adverse outcomes was observed in the light (aHR 0.88, 95% CI 0.68–1.13) and moderate (aHR 0.91, 95% CI 0.63–1.33) groups. In subgroup analyses, adverse effect of heavy alcohol consumption was significant, especially among patients with low CHA2DS2-VASc score, without hypertension, and in whom β-blocker were not prescribed. Conclusion Our findings suggest that heavy alcohol consumption increases the risk of adverse events in patients with AF, whereas light or moderate alcohol consumption does not.
Slow Light Waveguide Based on Topological Edge States in Valley Photonic Crystals (2020)

We demonstrate slow light waveguides using topological valley kink states. We found in-gap high-group-index inodes at bearded interfaces of silicon-based valley photonic crystals, clearing the path to build topologically-protected slow light waveguides only using semiconductors.
Features of a population of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus established in southern California. (1993)

A population of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotennes formosanus Shiraki, detected in February 1992, was determined to be well established within a limited residential area of La Mesa, San Diego County, California, U.S.A. The large size of workers and soldiers, and annual swarms of reproductives in the La Mesa population (LMP) indicate at least one mature colony. The LMP have been found in soil, trees, and structures. Apparently introduced in wooden articles transported from Hawaii approximately 10 years ago, worker caste of the LMP have only been detected within 75 metres of the suspected point of introduction. No significant structural damage attributable to C. formosanus has been found. Less than 4% of 700 ground monitor stakes in the LMP area have reflected termite activity. Maximum activity at any ground trap has been 892 workers, and 13.9 g wood consumed per month, significantly less than reported for most other C. formosmus sites. In dye-release-recapture studies of the LMP, no dyed individuals released at a monitor site were recaptured, suggesting at least two possibilities: a.) foraging may be affected by population size or environmental stress, or b.) the LMP may be an exceptionally large population in which the relatively few released dyed termites were assimilated into a large number of foragers. La Mesa may be drier than is optimal for this species, and may retard the rapid spread of the LMP. Conventional termiticide is being used to protect structures while plans for eradicating the LMP are being developed.
Hazardous waste management in Egypt: performance indicators for industry (2008)

Hazardous waste (HW) management represents a central aspect of the environmental performance of industrial establishments in Egypt. In response to the need for monitoring this performance and the progress of industries in managing their HW, sets of HW indicators have been developed within the larger scope of environmental performance indicators for industry. The HW indicators address three themes: compliance to regulations, HW generation, and cleaner production. These indicators are presented together with the bases for their development. Opportunities for their use, particularly as a decision-making support tool, and challenges facing their application, are also presented.