gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural Descriptors for Category Level Object Detection (2009)

We propose a new class of descriptors which exhibits the ability to yield meaningful structural descriptions of objects. These descriptors are constructed from two types of image primitives: quadrangles and ellipses. The primitives are extracted from an image based on human cognitive psychology and model local parts of objects. Experiments reveal that these primitives densely cover objects in images. In this regard, structural information of an object can be comprehensively described by these primitives. It is found that a combination of simple spatial relationships between primitives plus a small set of geometrical attributes provide rich and accurate local structural descriptions of objects. Category level object detection of four-legged animals, bicycles, and cars images is demonstrated under scaling, moderate viewpoint variations, and background clutter. Promising results are achieved.
Supplementary Table 1 from Comparison of Effects of Diet on Mammary Cancer: Efficacy of Various Preventive Agents and Metabolomic Changes of Different Diets and Agents (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Biomarker 78DOA 190 DOA&lt;/p&gt;
Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding a protein with primary structural similarity to G-protein coupled receptors (1990)

Journal Article Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding a protein with primary structural similarity to G-protein coupled receptors Get access Philip M. Murphy, Philip M. Murphy * Bacterial Diseases Section, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Building 10, Room 11N110, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD 20892, USA * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Harry L. Malech Harry L. Malech Bacterial Diseases Section, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Building 10, Room 11N110, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD 20892, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 7, 11 April 1990, Page 1896, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.7.1896 Published: 11 April 1990 Article history Accepted: 27 February 1990 Published: 11 April 1990
High-sensitivity NIR photodiodes using black silicon (2020)

There is an increasing demand for highly sensitive near infrared (NIR) detectors due to many rapidly growing application areas, such as LiDAR and optical communications. Despite the limited NIR absorption, silicon is a common substrate material in NIR detectors due to low cost and maturity of the technology. To boost the NIR performance of silicon devices, one option is texturizing the front and/or back surface to reduce reflectance and extend the optical path by scattering. Here we demonstrate silicon photodiodes with nanostructured front surface (i.e. black silicon fabricated with reactive ion etching (RIE) that exhibit significantly enhanced external quantum efficiency (EQE) at NIR wavelengths compared to typical state-of-the-art silicon photodiodes. The detectors exhibit over 90% EQE with wavelengths up to 1040 nm and above 60% at 1100 nm. Identical detectors with a planar surface are also investigated revealing that the enhancement from black silicon effectively corresponds to increasing the substrate thickness up to 43% at 1100 nm depending on the thickness of the active layer and back surface structure. This confirms that in addition to reduced reflectance, scattering of transmitted light induced by black silicon plays a key role in the EQE enhancement which benefits especially devices such as backside illuminated photodetectors where very thin substrates are required. We also demonstrate that the high EQE of the black silicon detectors is maintained at incidence angles up to 60 degrees allowing excellent performance in applications where the light is not always perpendicular.
Smart Energy Harvesting for Internet of Things (2018)

In this paper, we study the performance of smart networks in terms of energy efficiency (EE) based on the internet of things (IoT) technology. Energy Harvesting (EH) from surroundings is a promising solution for compensating the limitation of batteries lifetime. Fuzzy Q-Learning algorithm has been proposed to determine the sensor movement strategy toward the dedicated power stations (PSs) as energy charger nodes for mobile sensors in order to improve network lifetime via acceleration of the battery charging process of mobile sensors. Simulation results for evaluation of the proposed strategy in term of normalized network lifetime compared to the random sensor motions, confirm the effectiveness of this approach as a practical smart EH for IoT networks.
Abstract 634: Combinatorial targeting in melanoma cell lines with defined and distinct mechanisms of acquired resistance to V600EB-RAF inhibition (2011)

Abstract V600EB-RAF mutation is found in 50-60% of melanomas, and its in-human “druggability” has recently been demonstrated using the novel agent PLX4032, which can achieve an unprecedented ∼80% on-target, anti-melanoma response rate. Acquired resistance to PLX4032, however, has been observed in the majority of patients. We have shown previously that melanoma tumors in patients and cell lines in vitro acquire resistance to PLX4032 not by developing secondary mutations in V600EB-RAF but instead by upregulating PDGFRβ (showing MEK inhibitor insensitivity) or N-RAS (showing MEK inhibitor sensitivity). Here we used distinct subsets of melanoma cell lines (resistance derived in vitro) and short-term cultures (resistance derived in vivo) with hitherto characterized mechanisms of acquired resistance to PLX4032 to define the optimal combination of molecular target inhibition necessary to achieve efficient growth inhibition and cytotoxicity. We focused on a set of molecular targets downstream of overexpressed PDGFRβ or mutant N-RAS in each subset and used specific small molecule inhibitors, singly or in combination, to correlate growth inhibitory responses with p-ERK, p-AKT, p-p70S6K levels and apoptotic responses. We found that single inhibitor treatment led to functionally significant compensatory activation or rebound activities, consistent with dynamic network connectivity at key nodes of signaling. In PDGFRβ-upregulated, PLX4032-resistant melanoma cell lines, combined B-RAF, PI3K and TORC1/2 inhibition led to the strongest synergistic growth inhibitory and cytotoxic responses. In N-RAS-upregulated, PLX4032-resistant cell lines, either MEK or dual TORC1/2 inhibition sufficed to yield significant growth inhibition, and combined MEK and TORC1/2 inhibition did not synergize in growth inhibitory or cytotoxic responses. Together, these observations could serve to rationally guide animal model studies and urgently needed clinical testing in pre-identified subsets of patients relapsing on V600EB-RAF inhibitors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 634. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-634
Robust Adaptive Control Scheme for Discrete-Time System With Actuator Failures (2004)

A robust adaptive control approach using output feedback for output tracking is developed for discrete-time linear time-invariant systems with uncertain failures of redundant actuators in the presence of the unmodeled dynamics and bounded output disturbance. Such actuator failures are characterized by some unknown inputs stuck at some unknown fixed values at unknown time instants. Technical issues such as plant-model output matching, adaptive controller structure, adaptive parameter update laws, stability and tracking analysis, and robustness of system performance are solved for the discrete-time adaptive actuator failure compensation problem. A case study is conducted for adaptive compensation of rudder servomechanism failures of a Boeing 747 dynamic model presented in discrete time, verifying the desired adaptive system performance in the presence of uncertain actuator failures.
DevLore - A Firmware Library and Web-Based Configuration Control Tool for Accelerator Systems Under Constant Development (2005)

The Free Electron Laser Project at Jefferson Lab is based on a comparatively small accelerator driver. As it's systems continues to grow and evolve, strict configuration control has not been a programmatic goal. Conversely, as the IR-Demo FEL and the 10kW IR FEL have been built and operated, hardware and software changes have been regular part of the machine development process. With relatively small component counts for sub-systems, changes occur without requiring much formal documentation and in-situ alterations are common-place in the name of supporting operations. This paper presents an overview of the web-based software tool called DevLore which was first developed to be a library for embedded programming and then became a tremendously effective tool for tracking all changes made to the machine hardware and software. This tool is maturing into an easy-to-access, common point-of access for the status of all of the installed system components, technical drawings, embedded firmware, procedures, operations notes, maintenance history, inventory tracking and computer-files associated with the FEL Project.
Intramolecular and Intermolecular Bonding in Benzene Cluster Isomers (1994)

LCOM
Pushing the limits of lithography for IC production (2002)

Advanced lithography approaches will be reviewed from the point of view of volume production applications. Three key questions will be considered: 1. At what design rule will optical lithography die? 2. What are the requirements for a production-worthy lithography? 3. What are the prospects for a non-optical lithography meeting all of these requirements? The high productivity and maturity of optical lithographic processes constitutes a huge "activation energy barrier" that any non-optical approach must break through. At the present time, all non-optical lithographic techniques are far behind the overall production capability of optical techniques. 1x X-ray proximity printing is the most mature post-optical lithography.
ChemInform Abstract: Organo Lanthanoid Metal Complexes for Electroluminescent Materials (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Insights into the Orchestration of Gene Transcription Regulators in Helicobacter pylori (2022)

Bacterial pathogens employ a general strategy to overcome host defenses by coordinating the virulence gene expression using dedicated regulatory systems that could raise intricate networks. During the last twenty years, many studies of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>, a human pathogen responsible for various stomach diseases, have mainly focused on elucidating the mechanisms and functions of virulence factors. In parallel, numerous studies have focused on the molecular mechanisms that regulate gene transcription to attempt to understand the physiological changes of the bacterium during infection and adaptation to the environmental conditions it encounters. The number of regulatory proteins deduced from the genome sequence analyses responsible for the correct orchestration of gene transcription appears limited to 14 regulators and three sigma factors. Furthermore, evidence is accumulating for new and complex circuits regulating gene transcription and <i>H. pylori</i> virulence. Here, we focus on the molecular mechanisms used by <i>H. pylori</i> to control gene transcription as a function of the principal environmental changes.
Mechanism of inhibition of delayed rectifier K+ current by 4‐aminopyridine in rabbit coronary myocytes. (1996)

1. The mechanisms involved in the 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-induced block of delayed rectifier K+ current (IK(V)) in vascular smooth muscle cells were studied in cells enzymatically isolated from the rabbit coronary artery. 2. 4-AP inhibited slowly inactivating IK(V) in a dose-dependent manner (concentration producing half-maximal inhibition, K1/2, = 1.37 mM), and shifted the steady-state activation and inactivation curves of IK(V) by +9 and +16 mV, respectively. 3. The time constant of activation was significantly increased by 4-AP at +20 mV; deactivation kinetics were unaffected upon repolarization to -40 mV. The fast (tau f approximately 1 s) and slow (tau s approximately 5 s) time constants of inactivation (0 and +20 mV), and the recovery kinetics (tau r approximately 6 s) at -60 mV were not significantly affected by 0.5 mM 4-AP. However, tau f disappeared in the presence of 2 mM 4-AP while tau s remained unaffected. 4. Use-dependent unblock of IK(V) was revealed at potentials > or = -10 mV from analyses of the voltage dependence of 4-AP-sensitive currents and the frequency-dependent changes ('reverse use dependence') of IK(V) during the application of repetitive steps (-60 to +20 mV for 250 ms at a rate of 0.25 Hz) in control conditions, in the presence of 0.5 mM 4-AP, and after washout of the drug. These results suggested that 4-AP preferentially binds to the channel in the closed state, and unbinding is promoted by transitions to the open state. 5. The channel was modelled as a simple three-state mathematical loop model incorporating single closed, open and inactivated states. The block by 4-AP was modelled as a state-dependent interaction with 4-AP primarily binding to the closed state. Computer simulations support the hypothesis that 4-AP-induced block of the delayed rectifier K+ (KV) channel in the closed state is relieved during membrane depolarization. 6. Closed state binding of 4-AP to the KV channel depolarizes vascular smooth muscle cells by shifting the activation curve of these channels to more positive potentials.
Aging Promotes Sirtuin 3–Dependent Cartilage Superoxide Dismutase 2 Acetylation and Osteoarthritis (2016)

Our results show that SIRT-3 mediates age-related changes in cartilage redox regulation and protects against early-stage OA. These findings suggest that mitochondrial acetylation promotes OA and that restoration of SIRT-3 in aging cartilage may improve cartilage resistance to oxidative stress by rescuing acetylation-dependent inhibition of SOD2 activity.
Bone Plug Versus Suture-Only Fixation of Meniscal Grafts (2014)

Transosseous fixation via bone plugs provides superior load distribution of a transplanted meniscal allograft compared with suture fixation alone at time zero.
Use of substructure-specific carbohydrate binding modules to track changes in cellulose accessibility and surface morphology during the amorphogenesis step of enzymatic hydrolysis (2012)

The adsorption of substructure-specific CBMs can be used to accurately quantify the extent of changes to cellulose accessibility induced by non-hydrolytic disruptive proteins. The technique provided a quick, accurate and quantitative measure of the accessibility of cellulosic substrates. Expanding the range of CBMs used for adsorption studies to include those specific for such compounds as xylan or mannan should also allow for the accurate quantitative tracking of the accessibility of these and other polymers within the lignocellulosic biomass matrix.
Exogenous-oxidant-free electrochemical oxidative C–H phosphonylation with hydrogen evolution (2019)

We herein report a versatile and environmentally friendly electrochemical oxidative C-H phosphonylation protocol. This protocol features a broad substrate scope; not only C(sp2)-H phosphonylation, but also C(sp3)-H phosphonylation is tolerated well under exogenous-oxidant-free and metal catalyst-free electrochemical oxidation conditions.
536 The method to measure the plate tension by the vibration (2003)

In the line which rolls steel, aluminum, copper, the technique which measures tension of the plate is important for stabilizing the production. As the technique which measures the plate's tension, the vibration techniques required from plate's natural frequency are developed. The method for requiring from the relationship between tension and natural frequency becomes a basis. The method for combining amplitude distribution and attenuation characteristic, etc. is developed in order to raise the detection accuracy for the state of plate. In this study, the effect by the plate-type state did be not corrected from databases, etc., and the technique identified from the panel vibration directly was developed. In the support of the plate, it becomes a distribution in which the stress corresponds to the tension. However, the stress is eased near the plate longitudinal central by the rule of Saint-Venant, and it becomes a uniform distribution. Then, the tension value is calculated from one natural frequency, when the tension distribution is symmetrical. The mean value of tension value calculated from two each natural frequency becomes all tension, when it is asymmetric.
Role of camalexin, indole glucosinolates, and side chain modification of glucosinolate‐derived isothiocyanates in defense of Arabidopsis against <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> (2011)

Plant secondary metabolites are known to facilitate interactions with a variety of beneficial and detrimental organisms, yet the contribution of specific metabolites to interactions with fungal pathogens is poorly understood. Here we show that, with respect to aliphatic glucosinolate-derived isothiocyanates, toxicity against the pathogenic ascomycete Sclerotinia sclerotiorum depends on side chain structure. Genes associated with the formation of the secondary metabolites camalexin and glucosinolate were induced in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves challenged with the necrotrophic pathogen S. sclerotiorum. Unlike S. sclerotiorum, the closely related ascomycete Botrytis cinerea was not identified to induce genes associated with aliphatic glucosinolate biosynthesis in pathogen-challenged leaves. Mutant plant lines deficient in camalexin, indole, or aliphatic glucosinolate biosynthesis were hypersusceptible to S. sclerotiorum, among them the myb28 mutant, which has a regulatory defect resulting in decreased production of long-chained aliphatic glucosinolates. The antimicrobial activity of aliphatic glucosinolate-derived isothiocyanates was dependent on side chain elongation and modification, with 8-methylsulfinyloctyl isothiocyanate being most toxic to S. sclerotiorum. This information is important for microbial associations with cruciferous host plants and for metabolic engineering of pathogen defenses in cruciferous plants that produce short-chained aliphatic glucosinolates.
Differential generation of oligodendrocytes from human and rodent embryonic spinal cord neural precursors (2004)

Human neural precursors are considered to have widespread therapeutic possibilities on account of their ability to provide large numbers of cells whilst retaining multipotentiality. Application to human demyelinating diseases requires improved understanding of the signalling requirements underlying the generation of human oligodendrocytes from immature cell populations. In this study, we compare and contrast the capacity of neural precursors derived from the developing human and rodent spinal cord to generate oligodendrocytes. We show that the developing human spinal cord (6-12 weeks of gestation) displays a comparable ventrodorsal gradient of oligodendrocyte differentiation potential to the embryonic rodent spinal cord. In contrast, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) expanded human neural precursors derived from both isolated ventral or dorsal cultures show a reduced capacity to generate oligodendrocytes, whereas comparable rodent cultures demonstrate a marked increase in oligodendrocyte formation following FGF-2 treatment. In addition, we provide evidence that candidate growth factors suggested from rodent studies, including FGF-2 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) do not stimulate proliferation of human oligodendrocyte lineage cells. Finally, we show that the in vivo environment of the acutely demyelinating adult rat spinal cord is insufficient to stimulate the differentiation of immature human spinal cord cells to oligodendrocytes. These results provide further evidence for inter-species difference in the capacity of neural precursors to generate oligodendrocytes.
Imaging of human colorectal adenocarcinoma with indium-labeled anticarcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody (1986)

Twenty patients with 21 primary colorectal adenocarcinomas were studied with 2 mCl (7.6 X 10(7) becquerels) of indium-labeled monoclonal antibody (200 micrograms) specific for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Fifteen lesions (71%) were visualized by gamma camera scintigraphy at 48 hours postinjection. Tumors that were identified by immunoscintigraphy were large (38.10 +/- 17.76 cm3 vs 6.00 +/- 1.65 cm3), had a grossly fungating component, had a high content of CEA by enzyme immunoassay (12.9 +/- 3.6 micrograms/g vs 3.3 +/- 1.7 micrograms/g), and had an apical and/or intraluminal staining pattern on immunohistologic section. Patients whose tumors were visualized had a low serum CEA level (1.9 +/- 0.4 ng/mL vs 14.6 +/- 8.0 ng/mL). Prospective selection of patients for follow-up imaging or therapy with radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies may be feasible using these measurements.
Outcomes of heterotopic ossification excision following revision hip arthroscopy (2017)

This study reviewed pain and outcome scores of patients undergoing revision surgery with heterotopic ossification (HO) excision following previous hip arthroscopy. The aim was to determine if performing the excision arthroscopically improved clinical outcomes. Data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed in patients who had HO removed arthroscopically between February 2008 and 2014. Four patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures were collected: Modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Non-Arthritis Hip Score (NAHS), Hip Outcome Score-Activity of Daily Living (HOS-ADL) and Sport-Specific (HOS-SS) subscales. Minimum 1.5 year follow-up from index procedure was available for 23 patients (mean age = 38.6 years). Of the 23 patients who had revision surgery and HO removal, 19 (83%) were available for follow-up. Prior to revision, the average mHHS was 53.4, HOS-ADL 51.4, HOS-SS 24.5, NAHS 50.3 and VAS 6.7. Following revision with HO excision, each score had improved with an average mHHS of 73.62, HOS-ADL of 68.88, HOS SS of 58.51, NAHS of 70.83 and VAS of 4.33. Overall, mHHS increased by 20.26 points (<i>P</i> < 0.001), HOS-ADL increased by 17.48 points (<i>P</i> = 0.023), HOS-SS increased by 34.03 points (<i>P</i> < 0.001), NAHS increased by 20.55 points (<i>P</i> = 0.001) and VAS decreased by 2.38 points (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Patients undergoing revision hip surgery with HO excision demonstrated improved outcome scores and pain resolution; however, few patients achieved a good or excellent result. Revision hip surgery with HO excision should be approached cautiously because of the modest results in this patient group.