gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Baseline features and differences in 48 week clinical outcomes in patients with gastroparesis and type 1 <i>vs</i> type 2 diabetes (2016)

Baseline symptoms were similar in T1DM and T2DM patients, even though T1DM patients had worse gastric emptying delays and higher HbA1c suggesting other factors mediate symptom severity. Symptom scores at 48 weeks decreased in T2DM, but not T1DM patients, despite increased medical and surgical treatment utilization by T1DM patients. Defining causes of different outcomes in diabetic gastroparesis warrants further investigation.
Influence of adsorbed oxygen concentration on characteristics of carbon-doped indium oxide thin-film transistors under bias stress (2021)

Abstract To clarify a factor on the reliability, we investigated the characteristics of carbon-doped indium oxide (InO 1.16 C 0.04 ) thin-film transistors by varying the O 2 concentration from 0.001% to 100% at atmospheric pressure under negative bias stress (NBS) and positive bias stress (PBS). A positive threshold voltage ( V th ) shift was observed when the bias stress was changed from NBS to PBS. The positive V th shift increased with increasing bias voltage irrespective of the O 2 concentration. This behavior was attributed to the reaction between adsorbed O 2 molecules on the back side of the InO 1.16 C 0.04 channel and the electrons in the channel being strongly enhanced under PBS. We have found the magnitude and direction of the bias stress play an important role in the positive V th shift under environments included O 2 at concentrations as low as 0.001%.
SaynaEbrahimi/UCB: Original PyTorch implementation of Uncertainty-guided Continual Learning with Bayesian Neural Networks, ICLR 2020 (2019)

Original PyTorch implementation of Uncertainty-guided Continual Learning with Bayesian Neural Networks, ICLR 2020
Towards on-site detection of gluten-containing cereals with a portable and miniaturized prototype combining isothermal DNA amplification and naked eye detection (2022)

Miniaturization enables the development of portable devices for rapid on-site DNA analysis, providing cheaper and more convenient systems for target DNA detection in resource-limited settings. Miniaturized devices for DNA-based analysis are highly promising analytical tools for different aims, in particular for food quality and safety analysis in the different points of the food value chain DNA amplification is a key step for the development of highly specific and sensitive detection platforms. Although PCR remains the most widely adopted DNA amplification technique, interest for isothermal DNA amplification approaches, such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), has grown exponentially when considering miniaturization. In this work, a portable and miniaturized prototype has been developed to perform isothermal DNA amplification by LAMP and RPA, containing an integrated heating system, and including naked-eye detection, therefore not requiring any additional equipment for the amplification reactions. Prototype performance was evaluated and successfully demonstrated for these amplification techniques, with different detection chemistries being explored. As a proof-of-concept, performance of the integrated heating system was compared to conventional equipment for the detection of gluten-containing cereals in food products, showing similar results in terms of amplification time, specificity, and sensitivity. Amplification by RPA achieved the lowest detectable concentration, presenting a limit of detection of 0.0180 ng µL-1, being more sensitive than LAMP by one order of magnitude, and enabling amplification in less than 20 min.
Hepatitis B virus nucleocapsid particles do not cross the hepatocyte nuclear membrane in transgenic mice (1994)

Transgenic mice that express the hepatitis B virus core protein were used to examine factors that influence the intracellular localization of nucleocapsid particles in the primary hepatocyte in vivo. In this model, viral nucleocapsid particles are strictly localized to the nucleus of the hepatocyte except when the nuclear membrane dissolves during cell division, at which time they enter the cytoplasm. The cytoplasmic nucleocapsid particles do not reenter the nucleus, however, when the nuclear membrane re-forms after cell division. The data support the notion that nucleocapsid particles can form de novo within the nucleus, and they suggest that performed nucleocapsid particles cannot be transported across the intact nuclear membrane in either direction. The results imply that nucleocapsid disassembly is probably required for entry of the hepadnaviral genome into the nucleus, and they question the role of the intranuclear viral nucleocapsid particle during the viral life cycle.
Tribune. Brexit : « “Le vote du jugement dernier” » aura lieu le 11 décembre » (2018)

1ères lignes : « Tick tock on the Brexit clock. » Le temps est compté, le débat rentre dans une phase cruciale, les masquent tombent. Mardi 4 décembre, les députés de la Chambre des communes ont commencé l’examen du projet d’accord sur le Brexit négocié par la première ministre Theresa May avec l’Union européenne (UE). Les débats sont vifs, dramatiques, précis, rugueux. Le vote que les médias appellent « le vote du jugement dernier » aura lieu le 11 décembre. Le Parlement essaie de reprendre la main sur le Brexit contre le gouvernement sans savoir comment sortir de la situation créée par le référendum du 23 juin 2016. Qui exerce l’autorité politique ? Les citoyens ? Le Parlement ? Le gouvernement ? Les groupes d’intérêt ?
Advances and Opportunities in Epigenetic Chemical Biology (2020)

The study of epigenetics has greatly benefited from the development and application of various chemical biology approaches. In this review, we highlight the key targets for modulation and recent methods developed to enact such modulation. We discuss various chemical biology techniques to study DNA methylation and the post-translational modification of histones as well as their effect on gene expression. Additionally, we address the wealth of protein synthesis approaches to yield histones and nucleosomes bearing epigenetic modifications. Throughout, we highlight targets that present opportunities for the chemical biology community, as well as exciting new approaches that will provide additional insight into the roles of epigenetic marks.
Hydrogen pumping and release by graphite under high flux plasma bombardment (1988)

Inert gas (helium or argon) plasma bombardment has been found to increase the surface gas adsorptivity of isotropic graphite (POCO-graphite), which can then getter residual gases in a high vacuum system. The inert gas plasma bombardment was carried out at a flux approx. = 1 x 10/sup 18/ ions s/sup -1/ cm/sup -2/ to a fluence of the order of 10/sup 21/ ions/cm/sup 2/ and at temperatures around 800/sup 0/C. The gettering capability of graphite can be easily recovered by repeating inert gas plasma bombardment. The activated graphite surface exhibits a smooth, sponge-like morphology with significantly increased pore openings, which correlates with the observed increase in the surface gas adsorptivity. The activated graphite surface has been observed to pump hydrogen plasma particles as well. From calibrated H-alpha measurements, the dynamic hydrogen retention capacity is evaluated to be as large as 2 x 10/sup 18/ H/cm/sup 2/ at temperatures below 100/sup 0/C and at a plasma bombarding energy of 300 eV. The graphite temperature was varied between 15 and 480/sup 0/C. Due to the plasma particle pumping capability, hydrogen recycling from the activated graphite surface is significantly reduced, relative to that from a pre-saturated surface. A pre-saturated surface was also observed to reproducibly pump a hydrogen plasma to a concentration of 9.5 x 10/sup 17/ H/cm/sup 2/. The hydrogen retention capacity of graphite is found to decrease with increasing temperature. A transient pumping mechanism associated with the sponge-like surface morphology is conjectured to explain the large hydrogen retention capacity. Hydrogen release behavior under helium and argon plasma bombardment was also investigated, and the result indicated the possibility of some in-pore retrapping effect. 43 refs., 11 figs.
Granulocytic sarcomas in body cavities in childhood acute myeloid leukemias with 11q23/MLL rearrangements (2000)

Three childhood acute monoblastic leukemias (AML M5) with granulocytic sarcomas (GSs) are described. All displayed 11q23/MLL abnormalities, t(9;11)(p22;q23) in two cases and t(11;17)(q23;q21) in one case, constituting around 20% of all 11q23-positive AML cytogenetically investigated in our department. Two of the patients had GS in multiple locations, and all three had abdominal GS. In two of them, t(9;11)-positive GS was diagnosed prior to the diagnosis of AML. Fourteen (1.9%) of 752 published AML cases with 11q23 aberrations have had GS, either as a presenting feature or during disease progression. The incidence of GS has varied significantly (P < 0.05) between children (3.8%) and adults (0.8%). The most common AML subtype has been AML M5 ( approximately 75%) and the most frequent GS sites have been the skin, abdomen, orbit, and thorax. Considering the possibility of underreporting of GS in published cases and the relatively high frequency in our own series, we believe that 11q23/MLL rearrangements may predispose to GS development. Although extramedullary infiltrates in the skin are known to be frequent in cases of AML M5, which is often associated with 11q23 aberrations, the present findings indicate that GS in the abdomen, orbit, and thorax may also be common, especially in pediatric AML. Thus, the possibility of 11q23/MLL-positive GS should be suspected when tumors of uncertain derivation occur in these sites. Finally, the identification of 11q23/MLL abnormalities in GSs in two patients without overt AML underscores the importance of using cytogenetic and molecular genetic investigations as a diagnostic approach in the evaluation of tumorous lesions of unknown origin. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 27:136-142, 2000.
Figure S11 from Immune Suppression by PD-L2 against Spontaneous and Treatment-Related Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The scattergram and real number of pearson correlations between expression levels (RPKM) of immune-related genes and CD274 or PDCD1LG2 in BLCA, GC, HNSC, LUAD and LUSC.&lt;/p&gt;
7-(Piperidin-1-yl)-2-propyl-4-oxa-5-thia-1,6,7a-triazaindene 5,5-dioxide, a derivative of a new ring system. Corrigendum (2007)

In the paper by Liepa, Jahangiri, Fallon, Forsyth & Warden [Acta Cryst. (2006), E62, o4470–o4472], there is an error in the reaction scheme. The correct scheme is given below.
Oxynitiride gate dielectrics prepared by rapid thermal processing using mixtures of nitrous oxide and oxygen (1992)

A rapid thermal oxynitridation process using mixtures of nitrous oxide and oxygen for the fabrication of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors is presented herein. This approach provides excellent control of Si/SiO2 interfacial nitrogen concentration from 0–1 at. % by varying growth temperature and N2O mol %. The dielectric quality of oxynitrides with interfacial nitrogen concentrations of 0.10, 0.22, 0.39 at. % was studied. As-processed oxynitride capacitors have Dit and fixed charge density as low as oxide capacitors. However, a small nitrogen incorporation at the interface improves Qbd and suppresses interface state generation caused by Fowler–Nordheim (FN) injection.
Sensitivity penalty in multichannel coherent optical communications (1988)

Significant progress has been made in the demonstration of single-channel coherent optical receivers,1 and the emphasis in research is beginning to turn toward multichannel systems. Closely spaced channels are desirable to take maximum advantage of the available bandwidth of single-mode fiber and also because of practical considerations such as the limited tuning range of local oscillator lasers. It is, therefore, important to understand the performance limitations of various coherent systems as the channel spacing is reduced. This paper is the first to address theoretically the issues of bit-error-ratio performance and sensitivity penalties due to adjacent channel interference in ASK, PSK, and FSK optical communication systems.
Preclinical evaluation of convection-enhanced delivery of liposomal doxorubicin to treat pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma and thalamic high-grade glioma (2017)

OBJECTIVE Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) including diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are primary brain tumors with high mortality and morbidity. Because of their poor brain penetrance, systemic chemotherapy regimens have failed to deliver satisfactory results; however, convection-enhanced delivery (CED) may be an alternative mode of drug delivery. Anthracyclines are potent chemotherapeutics that have been successfully delivered via CED in preclinical supratentorial glioma models. This study aims to assess the potency of anthracyclines against DIPG and pHGG cell lines in vitro and to evaluate the efficacy of CED with anthracyclines in orthotopic pontine and thalamic tumor models. METHODS The sensitivity of primary pHGG cell lines to a range of anthracyclines was tested in vitro. Preclinical CED of free doxorubicin and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) to the brainstem and thalamus of naïve nude mice was performed. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was determined based on the observation of clinical symptoms, and brains were analyzed after H & E staining. Efficacy of the MTD was tested in adult glioma E98-FM-DIPG and E98-FM-thalamus models and in the HSJD-DIPG-007-Fluc primary DIPG model. RESULTS Both pHGG and DIPG cells were sensitive to anthracyclines in vitro. Doxorubicin was selected for further preclinical evaluation. Convection-enhanced delivery of the MTD of free doxorubicin and PLD in the pons was 0.02 mg/ml, and the dose tolerated in the thalamus was 10 times higher (0.2 mg/ml). Free doxorubicin or PLD via CED was ineffective against E98-FM-DIPG or HSJD-DIPG-007-Fluc in the brainstem; however, when applied in the thalamus, 0.2 mg/ml of PLD slowed down tumor growth and increased survival in a subset of animals with small tumors. CONCLUSIONS Local delivery of doxorubicin to the brainstem causes severe toxicity, even at doxorubicin concentrations that are safe in the thalamus. As a consequence, the authors could not establish a therapeutic window for treating orthotopic brainstem tumors in mice. For tumors in the thalamus, therapeutic concentrations to slow down tumor growth could be reached. These data suggest that anatomical location determines the severity of toxicity after local delivery of therapeutic agents and that caution should be used when translating data from supratentorial CED studies to treat infratentorial tumors.
Do prognostic marker studies on core needle biopsy specimens of breast carcinoma accurately reflect the marker status of the tumor? (1998)

Core needle biopsies (CNB) are often used for the diagnosis of breast lesions. In some breast cancer patients, e.g., those treated with preoperative chemotherapy, the CNB specimen might be the only pretreatment tissue sample available for studies of prognostic and predictive markers. Our purpose was to evaluate whether marker studies performed on CNB specimens accurately reflect the marker status of the tumor. Immunostaining for five commonly used prognostic and predictive markers was performed on both CNB and subsequent excision specimens from 56 consecutive patients who had a CNB with carcinoma followed by excision of the tumor. None of the patients received radiotherapy or chemotherapy between the CNB and the excision. Paraffin sections of the CNB and excision specimens were immunostained for bcl-2, estrogen receptor (ER), c-erbB-2, and p53. These markers were scored as positive or negative. Microvessel density (MVD) was scored as a continuous variable on sections immunostained for Factor VIII-related antigen by calculating the average number of microvessels in three 224x fields of highest tumor vascularity ("hot spots"). Immunostaining results for bcl-2, ER, c-erbB-2, and p53 on the CNB and the corresponding excision specimens were 100% concordant. Although there was significant correlation between MVD on the CNB specimens and the corresponding excisions (r = 0.507, P = 0.0002), the mean MVD on the CNB and corresponding excision specimens differed by more than 10% in 85.7% of cases, with differences ranging from 4.3 to 233.3%. MVD was higher in the CNB than in the excision specimens in 30 (61.2%) of 49 cases. In conclusion, in all of the cases studied, accurate results for the dichotomously scored markers bcl-2, ER, c-erbB-2, and p53 were obtained on CNB specimens. In contrast, in most cases, MVD, which was scored as a continuous variable, could not be reliably assessed on the CNB specimen.
Wavelength Path Reconfiguration to Reduce Fragmentation and Number of Operations in WDM Mesh Networks (2011)

This paper proposes a novel wavelength path reconfiguration scheme that reduces the number of operations while retaining the effectiveness of defragmentation. Numerical evaluation shows that the number of operations is reduced by approximately 50%.
Efficient capacity sharing for path protection in meshed optical networks (2004)

Feature Issue on Next-Generation WDM Network Design and Routing (WDMN). Efficient resource management in meshed optical networks is critical for supporting differentiated services, such as network restoration, in a cost-competitive manner. We propose and study several alternatives for dynamic and distributed selection of primary and protection paths. The focus is on algorithms where the bandwidth can be shared efficiently among protection paths, although other alternatives are considered as well. The routing algorithm and link cost function are based on a Markov decision-process framework. In particular, we use this framework to justify the link cost structure for primary and shared bandwidth. We also propose and study several options for describing the link state, which in turn determines the link cost, with the objective of minimizing the amount of data to be advertised without sacrificing performance. The proposed solutions can be implemented without changing the existing set of protocols. The numerical results show performance and cost savings for the different algorithm options.
Intelligent Sensors for Evaluating Reservoir and Well Profiles in Horizontal Wells: Saudi Arabia Case Histories (2010)

Abstract Saudi Aramco drilling strategy has shifted from vertical to horizontal due to proven advantages in optimizing production and cost. Evaluation of horizontal wells presents new challenges for the industry, especially with increasing water production. Therefore, it is important to determine the flow profile, water entry points and productivity index for remedial action, such as water shut off or selective stimulation. A new generation of production logging tools (PLTs) was introduced and utilized on some horizontal wet producers located in Saudi Arabia. The new PLT is comprised of arrays of spinners and sensors to log the entire cross section to describe precisely the horizontal flow regime. This PLT provides measurements of the downhole production and phases. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted of this type of PLT using different acquisition methodology and deployment methods to understand the best logging procedure. Therefore, one set of the spinners and sensors was attempted into two wells while two sets were attempted in the other two wells. Also, the PLT was deployed using two methods, which are coiled tubing (CT) and wireline tractor. Consequently, a group of lessons learned was gained, and the best logging procedure was established. The operation and interpretation results indicated that the production profiles obtained using this intelligent tool are reliable and accurate. This paper describes cases including planning, deployment, data acquisition, detailed analysis, results and lessons learned. A quality control of the data is also reviewed considering the importance of real time acquisition and validation of the information for future use in reservoir management or well intervention.
Neurogenic Modifications Induced by Substance P in an Organ Culture of Human Skin (1999)

Neurogenic inflammation of the skin observed after topical application of an irritant substance or environmental stimulation induces vascular changes and the production of inflammatory mediators. Substance P (SP) is one of the main neuropeptides which trigger an inflammatory response in the skin. So, with the aim to develop an alternative method to study neurogenic inflammation of the skin, we used an organ culture of human skin. SP was added onto epidermis or directly to culture medium in an attempt to reproduce ex vivo the effects described in vivo. Even disconnected from systemic blood circulation, in skin fragments in culture, we observed dose-dependent edema, vasodilation and extravasation of lymphocytes and mast cells through the microvascular wall. Moreover, the release of proinflammatory mediators interleukin 1alpha and tumor necrosis factor alpha was evidenced.
On Memory Accelerated Signal Processing within Software Defined Radios (2010)

Since J. Mitola's work in 1992, Software Defined Radios (SDRs) have been quite a hot topic in wireless systems research. Though many notable achievements were reported in the field, the scarcity of computational power on general purpose CPUs has always constrained their wide adoption in production environments. If conveniently applied within an SDR context, classical concepts known in computer science as space/time tradeoffs can be extremely helpful when trying to mitigate this problem. Inspired by and building on those concepts, this paper presents a novel SDR implementation technique which we call Memory Acceleration (MA) that makes extensive use of the memory resources available on a general purpose computing system, in order to accelerate signal computation. MA can provide substantial acceleration factors when applied to conventional SDRs without reducing their peculiar flexibility. As a practical proof of this, an example of MA applied in the real world to the ETSI DVB-T Viterbi decoder is provided. Actually MA is shown able to provide, when applied to such Viterbi decoder, an acceleration factor of 10.4x, with no impact on error correction performances of the decoder and by making no use of any other typical performance enhancement techniques such as low level (Assembler) programming or parallel computation, which though remain compatible with MA. Opportunity for extending the MA approach to the entire radio system, thus implementing what we call a Memory-Based Software Defined Radio (MB-SDR) is finally considered and discussed.