gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supermodes in Broad Ridge (Al,In)GaN Laser Diodes (2009)

Broad area (Al,In)GaN laser diodes (LDs) are suitable for high optical output power in the near UV to blue spectral range. But for ridge widths larger than a few micrometers, the occurrence of filamentation is well known. We present experimental evidence that the single filaments tend to be phase-locked with defined phase offset and build up a so called supermode. Depending on driving current a coherent or incoherent superposition of different supermodes can be observed, which has a significant impact on the corresponding lateral far-field pattern. By a simulated reconstruction of the lateral mode profile of the laser mode propagating in free space we retrieve the field and phase distribution of the laser mode in the waveguide. In this context the coupling mechanism is discussed and the mode behavior is compared to supermodes in GaAs laser diode arrays.
Tunable Slow Light and Fast Light of Ultrashort Pulses in Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (2007)

Electrically tunable delays and advances for 600fs pulses is achieved using ultra-fast nonlinearities in semiconductor optical amplifiers. Feasibility of cascading multiple SOAs to achieve higher delays is confirmed using a novel scheme that uses a single SOA.
A State-of-Art Review of Digital Technologies for the Next Generation of Tinnitus Therapeutics (2021)

<b>Background:</b> Digital processing has enabled the development of several generations of technology for tinnitus therapy. The first digital generation was comprised of digital Hearing Aids (HAs) and personal digital music players implementing already established sound-based therapies, as well as text based information on the internet. In the second generation Smart-phone applications (apps) alone or in conjunction with HAs resulted in more therapy options for users to select from. The 3rd generation of digital tinnitus technologies began with the emergence of many novel, largely neurophysiologically-inspired, treatment theories that drove development of processing; enabled through HAs, apps, the internet and stand-alone devices. We are now of the cusp of a 4th generation that will incorporate physiological sensors, multiple transducers and AI to personalize therapies. <b>Aim:</b> To review technologies that will enable the next generations of digital therapies for tinnitus. <b>Methods:</b> A "state-of-the-art" review was undertaken to answer the question: what digital technology could be applied to tinnitus therapy in the next 10 years? Google Scholar and PubMed were searched for the 10-year period 2011-2021. The search strategy used the following key words: "tinnitus" and ["HA," "personalized therapy," "AI" (and "methods" or "applications"), "Virtual reality," "Games," "Sensors" and "Transducers"], and "Hearables." Snowballing was used to expand the search from the identified papers. The results of the review were cataloged and organized into themes. <b>Results:</b> This paper identified digital technologies and research on the development of smart therapies for tinnitus. AI methods that could have tinnitus applications are identified and discussed. The potential of personalized treatments and the benefits of being able to gather data in ecologically valid settings are outlined. <b>Conclusions:</b> There is a huge scope for the application of digital technology to tinnitus therapy, but the uncertain mechanisms underpinning tinnitus present a challenge and many posited therapeutic approaches may not be successful. Personalized AI modeling based on biometric measures obtained through various sensor types, and assessments of individual psychology and lifestyles should result in the development of smart therapy platforms for tinnitus.
Utility of the NIH Stroke Scale as a Predictor of Hospital Disposition (2003)

The NIHSS predicts postacute care disposition among stroke patients. Predicting disposition on the first day of admission may facilitate the time-consuming and costly process of securing a bed at rehabilitation or NF, and perhaps decrease unnecessary length of stay in acute care settings.
Unlocking the photobiological conversion of CO<sub>2</sub>to (<i>R</i>)-3-hydroxybutyrate in cyanobacteria (2018)

Mitigation of a bottleneck significantly improved (<italic>R</italic>)-3HB productivity, and metabolic flux analysis delineated dramatic metabolic flux changes in cyanobacterium<italic>Synechocystis</italic>.
Aerodynamic Comparison of Straight Edge and Swept Edge Wind Turbine Blade (2008)

Recently there has been an increase in the demand for the utilization of clean renewable energy sources. This is a direct result of a rise in oil prices and an increased awareness of human induced climate change. Wind energy has been shown to be one of the most promising sources of renewable energy. With current technology, the low cost of wind energy is competitive with more conventional sources of energy such as coal. This however is only true in areas of high wind density. These areas are not as abundant and therefore the number of profitable sites is limited. This paper explores the possibility increasing the number of profitable sites by optimizing wind turbine blade design for low wind speed areas. The two methods of optimization that are investigated are first, optimizing the angle of attack and chord length for a given airfoil cross section at different positions along the blade and second implementing a swept blade profile. The torque generated from a blade using only the first optimization technique is compared to that generated from a blade using both techniques as well as that generated by NTK500/41 turbine using LM19.1 blades. Performance will be investigated using the CFD solver FLUENT.
Randomised controlled trial of GP-led in-hospital management of homeless people (‘Pathway’) (2016)

Homeless people have complex problems. GP enhanced care (Pathway) has shown benefits. We performed a randomised, -parallel arm trial at two large inner city hospitals. Inpatient homeless adults were randomly allocated to either standard care (all management by the hospital-based clinical team) or enhanced care with input from a homeless care team. The hospital data system provided healthcare usage information, and we used questionnaires to assess quality of life. 206 patients were allocated to enhanced care and 204 to usual care. Length of stay (up to 90 days after admission) did not differ between groups (standard care 14.0 days, enhanced care 13.3 days). Average reattendance at the emergency department within a year was 5.8 visits in the standard care group and 4.8 visits with enhanced care, but this decrease was not significant. -Quality of life scores after discharge (in 108 patients) improved with enhanced care (EQ-5D-5L score increased by 0.12 [95% CI 0.032 to 0.22] compared wtih 0.03 [-0.1 to 0.15; p=0.076] with standard care). The proportion of people sleeping on the streets after discharge was 14.6% in the standard care arm and 3.8% in the enhanced care arm (p=0.034). The quality-of-life cost per quality-adjusted life-year was £26,000. The Pathway approach doesn't alter length of stay but improves quality of life and reduces street -homelessness.
Is it possible to implement N‐hydroxyphthalimide homogeneous catalysis for industrial applications? A case study of cumene aerobic oxidation (2013)

Abstract BACKGROUND In spite of its efficiency and versatility, examples of the use of N ‐hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) as catalyst for oxidations at industrial scale are scant, mainly due to the lack of methodologies for the recovery and reuse of the catalyst. This paper reports a step by step investigation of the aerobic oxidation of cumene (CU), in order to verify the usability of NHPI catalysis in industrial processes . RESULTS CU is oxidized to the corresponding cumyl hydroperoxide (CHP) at 70°C in the presence of a polar co‐solvent and 1% of NHPI with good conversion (&gt;30%) and almost complete selectivity (&gt;90%), without requiring the use of additional initiators. The catalyst is recovered at the end of the oxidation process by removal of polar co‐solvent, with consequent precipitation of NHPI. The resulting filtered mixture is treated with non‐basic supports, which are capable of adsorbing the residual NHPI by physical interaction. Finally, the adsorbing solids can be regenerated by washing with a polar solvent, allowing the recovery of residual catalyst . CONCLUSION We provide evidence for the feasibility of the use of NHPI catalysis for industrial applications by investigating the case study of CU oxidation. The process can be performed under mild conditions without requiring the use of sacrificial initiators. The effect of temperature and composition in the NHPI precipitation step is investigated. The performances of basic and non‐basic adsorbing beds during the recovery of residual NHPI are compared. The results obtained indicate that the recovery and recycling of the unaltered catalyst is possible without affecting, at the same time, the nature of cumyl hydroperoxide. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
A high-efficient driving isolated Drive-by-Microwave half-bridge gate driver for a GaN inverter (2016)

A compact isolated Drive-by-Microwave (DBM) half-bridge gate driver is newly developed, which can drive GaN-GITs with its constant and low power consumption of 0.9 W even a high switching frequency up to 1.0 MHz due to the gate power time sharing by using the 2.4GHz microwave wireless power transmission. The fabricated GaN isolated DBM half-bridge gate driver provides enough output gate power for GaN-GIT's driving under 140 °C (Ta). Moreover, the fabricated isolated power source free GaN-GIT inverter module with the isolated DBM half-bridge gate drivers successfully demonstrated a 3-phase motor drive with high power conversion efficiency by covering from its low output.
Investigation of an Advanced Combustion System for Stoichiometric Diesel to Reduce Soot Emissions (2019)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Diesel engines are facing increased competition from gasoline engines in the light-duty and small non-road segments, primarily due to the high relative cost of emissions control systems for lean-burn diesel engines. Advancements in gasoline engine technology have decreased the operating cost advantage of diesels and the relatively high initial-cost disadvantage is now too large to sustain a strong business position. SwRI has focused several years of research efforts toward enabling diesel engine combustion systems to operate at stoichiometric conditions, which allows the application of a low-cost three-way catalyst emission control system which has been well developed for gasoline spark-ignited engines. One of the main barriers of this combustion concept is the result of high smoke emissions from poor fuel/air mixing. The current study focuses on improving the combustion system by investigating different fuel/air mixing strategies that enhance fuel spray - piston bowl interaction while simultaneously optimizing the fuel injection system. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were carried out in conjunction with engine testing to evaluate different piston bowl designs as well as injector nozzle designs with reduced hole diameters to improve in-cylinder mixing and reduce spray over penetration. By using proposed combustion strategy, it was demonstrated that smoke emissions were reduced significantly from baseline under stoichiometric diesel operation.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
HDAC Regulates Transcription at the Outset of Axolotl Tail Regeneration (2019)

Tissue regeneration is associated with complex changes in gene expression and post-translational modifications of proteins, including transcription factors and histones that comprise chromatin. We tested 172 compounds designed to target epigenetic mechanisms in an axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) embryo tail regeneration assay. A relatively large number of compounds (N = 55) inhibited tail regeneration, including 18 histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi). In particular, romidepsin, an FDA-approved anticancer drug, potently inhibited tail regeneration when embryos were treated continuously for 7 days. Additional experiments revealed that romidepsin acted within a very narrow, post-injury window. Romidepsin treatment for only 1-minute post amputation inhibited regeneration through the first 7 days, however after this time, regeneration commenced with variable outgrowth of tailfin tissue and abnormal patterning. Microarray analysis showed that romidepsin altered early, transcriptional responses at 3 and 6-hour post-amputation, especially targeting genes that are implicated in tumor cell death, as well as genes that function in the regulation of transcription, cell differentiation, cell proliferation, pattern specification, and tissue morphogenesis. Our results show that HDAC activity is required at the time of tail amputation to regulate the initial transcriptional response to injury and regeneration.
Gametangia Development in the MossPhyscomitrella patens (2009)

Eggs and sperm are reproductive cells produced, respectively, in archegonia and antheridia in all land plants except seed plants, in which gametangia are highly reduced. The moss Physcomitrella patens is a suitable model plant to study the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of archegonia and antheridia and to gain an insight into their evolutionary origin. We have described the development of gametangia and the sporophyte in P. patens. We have screened 4825 gene-trap lines, in which a promoterless GUS reporter gene has been integrated, and have obtained 38 lines with GUS expression in gametangia. Expression patterns of GUS reporters have been examined during the development of gametangia and classified into several categories. We have discussed possible future approaches for the study of gametangia development and evolution.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Sirtuin 1 Is Upregulated in a Subset of Hepatocellular Carcinomas where It Is Essential for Telomere Maintenance and Tumor Cell Growth (2023)

Supplementary Figure 4 from Sirtuin 1 Is Upregulated in a Subset of Hepatocellular Carcinomas where It Is Essential for Telomere Maintenance and Tumor Cell Growth
Analysis of Double-stranded RNA-induced Apoptosis Pathways UsingInterferon-response Noninducible Small Interfering RNA Expression VectorLibrary (2005)

We have developed an original vector library that allowed us to exploit the phenomenon of RNA interference but also allowed us to avoid the confounding effects of the interferon response. In the present work, we used our library of small interfering RNA expression vectors to examine the genes involved in apoptosis that was induced by double-stranded RNA. To our surprise, screening of our library revealed two novel double-stranded RNA-induced apoptotic pathways, a JNK/SAPK-mediated mitochondrial pathway and an ERK2-related pathway, both of which appeared to be independent of the serine-threonine protein kinase-dependent caspase pathway. We also found that MST2 and protein kinase Calpha both activated the pro-apoptotic signal mediated by ERK2. The results of our screening analysis suggested the utility of large scale screenings with libraries of small interfering RNA expression vectors.
Susceptibility Characterization of a Cavity Withan Aperture by Using Slowly Rotating EM Fields: FDTD Analysis and Measurements (2004)

This paper describes the evaluation of the susceptibility of a cavity with an aperture using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method and experimentally. To reduce the computing time, the FDTD method is used for the radiation from the cavity and the susceptibility is obtained by using the reciprocity theorem. The cavity used here is modeled after a full-tower desktop enclosure with a 3.5-in bay. The susceptibility characteristics are evaluated by measuring outputs of a monopole antenna and transmission lines installed in the cavity. The susceptibility characteristics, using a three-dimensional (3-D) map, are studied from the computed and the measured results by applying slowly rotating electromagnetic fields to the cavity on a turntable. Measured and modeled results are in good agreement, indicating the merits of the proposed approach for susceptibility/immunity evaluation. Moreover, some discussions are made to check the susceptibility mechanism.
Mid-Infrared Dual-Comb Spectroscopy of Liquid-Phase Samples using Attenuated Total Reflectance (2018)

Mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) is performed on liquid isopropanol from 3.0-3.75 µm with a 1.5-second acquisition time. This experiment is a first step towards viewing liquid-phase reactions in real time using DCS.
Freeze-substitution preservation of microbial biofilms (2012)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2012 in Phoenix, Arizona, USA, July 29 – August 2, 2012.
Electrocardiogram‐Based Algorithm to Predict the Left Ventricular Lead Position in Recipients of Cardiac Resynchronization Systems (2009)

This algorithm predicted the position of the LV lead with a high sensitivity and predictive value.
The possible role of prostaglandin D<sub>2</sub> in the long‐lasting airways vasodilatation induced by allergen in the sensitized pig (1991)

Allergen-induced nasal and bronchial vasodilatation and bronchoconstriction were studied in ascaris-sensitized pigs with and without pretreatment with diclofenac sodium, to evaluate the contribution of prostanoids in these responses. The bronchoconstriction induced by allergen aerosol challenge was enhanced by diclofenac, whereas the duration of the bronchial vasodilatation was reduced from 80 to 30 min, without changing the maximal effect. However, both the maximal effect and the duration of the nasal vasodilatation were reduced upon nasal allergen challenge by 60% (P less than 0.01) and from 72 to 16 min (P less than 0.05), respectively. Bronchial challenge with the allergen also induced nasal vasodilatation of long duration and this response was highly sensitive to diclofenac pretreatment. I.v. injections of prostaglandins (PG) E1, E2, I2 and D2 revealed that only PGD2 induced vasodilatation of long duration in the airways without major effects on the systemic arterial blood pressure. Nebulization of PGD2 (0.7-1.4 mumol) into the pig airways also induced marked vasodilatation of long duration (greater than or equal to 40 min), especially in the nasal circulation. The vasodilatory responses to PGD2 were not changed by systemic pretreatment with capsaicin or diclofenac. Challenge in the airways with platelet-activating factor (PAF) produced bronchial and vascular responses similar to those seen with the allergen and the vasodilatory responses to PAF were partly sensitive to diclofenac. We propose that a long-lasting component of the allergen-induced vasodilatation in the pig airways, especially in the nasal mucosa, may be caused by the release of PGD2, acting independently of sensory nerves. Allergen and PAF aerosol challenge in the lung may also induce the release of a vasodilatory prostaglandin, possibly PGD2 into the systemic circulation, thereby inducing nasal vasodilatation.
Rational design of InhA inhibitors in the class of diphenyl ether derivatives as potential anti-tubercular agents using molecular dynamics simulations (2014)

A series of diphenyl ether derivatives were developed and showed promising potency for inhibiting InhA, an essential enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase involved in mycolic acid biosynthesis, leading to the lysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. To understand the structural basis of diphenyl ether derivatives for designing more potent inhibitors, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed. Based on the obtained results, the dynamic behaviour in terms of flexibility, binding free energy, binding energy decomposition, conformation, and the inhibitor-enzyme interaction of diphenyl ether inhibitors were elucidated. Phe149, Tyr158, Met161, Met199, Val203 and NAD+ are the key residues for binding of diphenyl ether inhibitors in the InhA binding pocket. Our results could provide the structural concept to design new diphenyl ether inhibitors with better enzyme inhibitory activity against M. tuberculosis InhA. The present work facilitates the design of new and potentially more effective anti-tuberculosis agents.
Dynamic modelling of a servo self-pierce riveting (SPR) process (2021)

Self-pierce riveting (SPR) is a complex joining process where multiple layers of material are joined by creating a mechanical interlock via the simultaneous deformation of the inserted rivet and surrounding material. Due to the large number of variables which influence the resulting joint, finding the optimum process parameters has traditionally posed a challenge in the design of the process. Furthermore, there is a gap in knowledge regarding how changes made to the system may affect the produced joint. In this paper, a new system-level model of an inertia-based SPR system is proposed, consisting of a physics-based model of the riveting machine and an empirically-derived model of the joint. Model predictions are validated against extensive experimental data for multiple sets of input conditions, defined by the setting velocity, motor current limit and support frame type. The dynamics of the system and resulting head height of the joint are predicted to a high level of accuracy. Via a model-based case study, changes to the system are identified, which enable either the cycle time or energy consumption to be substantially reduced without compromising the overall quality of the produced joint. The predictive capabilities of the model may be leveraged to reduce the costs involved in the design and validation of SPR systems and processes.
Interaction of Sulfate Assimilation with Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in <i>Lemna minor</i>  (2002)

Cysteine synthesis from sulfide and O-acetyl-L-serine (OAS) is a reaction interconnecting sulfate, nitrogen, and carbon assimilation. Using Lemna minor, we analyzed the effects of omission of CO(2) from the atmosphere and simultaneous application of alternative carbon sources on adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductase (APR) and nitrate reductase (NR), the key enzymes of sulfate and nitrate assimilation, respectively. Incubation in air without CO(2) led to severe decrease in APR and NR activities and mRNA levels, but ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase was not considerably affected. Simultaneous addition of sucrose (Suc) prevented the reduction in enzyme activities, but not in mRNA levels. OAS, a known regulator of sulfate assimilation, could also attenuate the effect of missing CO(2) on APR, but did not affect NR. When the plants were subjected to normal air after a 24-h pretreatment in air without CO(2), APR and NR activities and mRNA levels recovered within the next 24 h. The addition of Suc and glucose in air without CO(2) also recovered both enzyme activities, with OAS again influenced only APR. (35)SO(4)(2-) feeding showed that treatment in air without CO(2) severely inhibited sulfate uptake and the flux through sulfate assimilation. After a resupply of normal air or the addition of Suc, incorporation of (35)S into proteins and glutathione greatly increased. OAS treatment resulted in high labeling of cysteine; the incorporation of (35)S in proteins and glutathione was much less increased compared with treatment with normal air or Suc. These results corroborate the tight interconnection of sulfate, nitrate, and carbon assimilation.
(<i>E</i>)-2,2′-[3-(4-Fluorophenyl)prop-2-ene-1,1-diyl]bis(3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one) (2013)

In the title compound, C25H29FO4, each cyclo-hexenone ring has an envelope conformation with the dimethyl-substituted atom as the flap. The hy-droxy and carbonyl groups form two intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, as is typical for xanthene derivatives. In the crystal, very weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol-ecules into dimers.