gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cytokine-induced differentiation of multipotent adult progenitor cells into functional smooth muscle cells (2007)

During the preparation of the manuscript, the primer sequences for rat Flt1 and swine SMaActin were incorrectly reported in the supplemental
Synthesis and Evaluation of Azolium‐Based Halogen‐Bond Donors (2019)

A method for the synthesis of iodinated imidazolium and triazolium N-heterocyclic halogen-bond-donor catalysts has been developed. This approach was applied to the synthesis of a variety of 1,2,4-triazolium salts to prepare a series of novel chiral halogen-bond-donor catalysts. The counterions of the iodinated triazoliums can be readily exchanged with chiral and achiral non-coordinating counterions to produce unique scaffolds. Their ability to promote/catalyse a conjugate addition reaction with indole was investigated. Through these initial studies, a set of general guidelines and considerations for the application of these halogen-bond donors in organocatalysis have been established.
Characterization of mouse and human monoclonal antibodies cross-reactive with SLE serum antibodies to guanosine. (1984)

Two new monoclonal antibodies, one a mouse IgM and the other a human IgM that reacted with guanosine, were compared to human serum antibodies from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The human monoclonal antibody was polyspecific in its binding to the nucleoside bases, whereas the mouse monoclonal antibody was relatively specific for guanosine when compared by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Neither antibody bound polyguanylic acid or denatured single-stranded (ss) DNA, however. Serum IgG antibodies from seven patients with SLE cross-reacted with the mouse monoclonal antibody and showed considerable specificity for guanosine. In contrast, the human serum IgG antiguanosine antibodies also bound ssDNA but not dsDNA or polyguanylic acid. Serum IgG antibodies to guanosine measured by ELISA from the seven SLE patients had a decreased response when compared to the total serum IgG response to ssDNA, and most of the antibodies that bound guanosine also bound ssDNA. These studies provide new evidence that there are specific IgG antibodies to guanosine in SLE sera that are a small fraction of the antibodies to ssDNA. Further efforts to define the role of these guanosine antibodies in SLE may provide a better understanding of the basic mechanisms responsible for the development of SLE in man.
A real-time gesture interface for hands-free control of electronic medical records. (2006)

Whether attempting to review digital radiologic images during a procedure or reviewing labs on a clinical ward, computer keyboards and mice are potential sources for contamination of clinicians during sterile and non-sterile activities related to clinical care. The authors describe and demonstrate a live system prototype for hands-free, gesture-based control of an electronic medical record (EMR) system.
Fast and Regulated Zinc Deposition in a Semiconductor Substrate toward High‐Performance Aqueous Rechargeable Batteries (2022)

Abstract Rechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries are considered as ideal candidates for large‐scale energy storage due to their high safety, eco‐friendliness, and low cost. However, Zn anode invites dendrite growth and parasitic reactions at anode‐electrolyte interface, impeding the practical realization of the battery. In this study, the electrochemical performance of the Zn‐metal anode is proposed to improve by using a 3D ZnTe semiconductor substrate. The substrate features high zincophilicity, high electronic conductivity and electron affinity, and a low Zn nucleation energy barrier to promote dendrite‐proof Zn deposition along the (002) crystal plane, while it also maintains high chemical stability against parasitic metal corrosion and hydrogen evolution reactions at surface, and a stable skeleton structure against the volume variation of anode. A Zn‐metal anode based on the telluride substrate shows a long cycle life of over 3300 h with a small voltage hysteresis of 48 and 320 mV at 1 and 30 mA cm −2 , respectively. A zinc telluride@Zn//MnO 2 full cell can operate for over 500 cycles under practical conditions in terms of lean electrolyte (18 µL mAh −1 ) and limited Zn metal ( negative/positive capacity ratio of 3:1, and a high mass loading of the cathode.
A Spatiotemporal Ensemble Approach to Rainfall Forecasting (2018)

This paper proposes a new ensemble method built upon a deep neural network architecture. We use a set of meteorological models for rain forecast as base predictors. Each meteorological model is provided to a channel of the network and, through a convolution operator, the prediction models are weighted and combined. As a result, the predicted value produced by the ensemble depends on both the spatial neighborhood and the temporal pattern. We conduct some computational experiments in order to compare our approach to other ensemble methods widely used for daily rainfall prediction. The results show that our architecture based on ConvLSTM networks is a strong candidate to solve the problem of combining predictions in a spatiotemporal context.
Effects of boundaries in an array of superconducting weak links (1990)

We report the results of a computer simulation of the behavior of a finite array of superconducting weak links on a two dimensional square lattice. We find that the shape as well as the size of the array have an important influence on the behavior of quantized vortices in the array and the induction of those vortices into the array when a magnetic field is applied. In particular, we find it impossible to induce only one vortex in a regularly shaped array.
A simple linear time ( 1+ ε)- approximation algorithm for geometric k-means clustering in any dimensions (2004)

We present the first linear time (1+e)-approximation algorithm for the k-means problem for fixed k and e. Our algorithm runs in O(nd) time, which is linear in the size of the input. Another feature of our algorithm is its simplicity - the only technique involved is random sampling.
Soluble Factors Released by Endogenous Viable Cells Enhance the Antioxidant and Chemoattractive Activities of Cryopreserved Amniotic Membrane (2015)

<b>Objective:</b> Regulation of oxidative stress and recruitment of key cell types are activities of human amniotic membrane (hAM) that contribute to its benefits for wound treatment. Progress in tissue preservation has led to commercialization of hAM. The majority of hAM products are devitalized with various degrees of matrix alteration. Data show the importance of hAM matrix preservation, but little is known about the advantages of retaining viable endogenous cells. In this study, we compared the antioxidant and chemoattractive properties of viable intact cryopreserved hAM (int-hAM) and devitalized cryopreserved hAM (dev-hAM) to determine the benefits of cell preservation. <b>Approach:</b> We evaluated the ability of int-hAM and dev-hAM to protect fibroblasts from oxidant-induced cell damage, to suppress oxidants, and to recruit fibroblasts and keratinocytes <i>in vitro</i>. <b>Results:</b> Both the int-hAM-derived conditioned medium (CM) and the int-hAM tissue rescued significantly more fibroblasts from oxidant-induced damage than dev-hAM (844% and 93% more, respectively). The int-hAM CM showed a 202% greater antioxidant capacity than dev-hAM. The int-hAM CM enhanced the recruitment of fibroblasts and normal and diseased keratinocytes to a greater extent than dev-hAM (1,555%, 315%, and 151% greater, respectively). <b>Innovation and Conclusion:</b> Int-hAM, in which all native components are preserved, including endogenous viable cells, demonstrated a significantly greater antioxidant and fibroblast and keratinocyte chemoattractive potential compared to dev-hAM, in which viable cells are destroyed. The release of soluble factors that protect fibroblasts from oxidative injury by hAM containing viable cells is a mechanism of hAM antioxidant activity, which is a novel finding of this study.
ViNav: A Vision-Based Indoor Navigation System for Smartphones (2018)

Smartphone-based indoor navigation services are desperately needed in indoor environments. However, the adoption of them has been relatively slow, due to the lack of fine-grained and up-to-date indoor maps, or the potentially high deployment and maintenance cost of infrastructure-based indoor localization solutions. This work proposes ViNav, a scalable and cost-efficient system that implements indoor mapping, localization, and navigation based on visual and inertial sensor data collected from smartphones. ViNav applies structure-from-motion (SfM) techniques to reconstruct 3D models of indoor environments from crowdsourced images, locates points of interest (POI) in 3D models, and compiles navigation meshes for path finding. ViNav implements image-based localization that identifies users' positions and facing directions, and leverages this feature to calibrate dead-reckoning-based user trajectories and sensor fingerprints collected along the trajectories. The calibrated information is utilized for building more informative and accurate indoor maps, and lowering the response delay of localization requests. According to our experimental results in a university building and a supermarket, the system works properly and our indoor localization achieves competitive performance compared with traditional approaches: in a supermarket, ViNav locates users within 2 seconds, with a distance error less than 1 meter and a facing direction error less than 6 degrees.
<i>Drosophila CG8422</i>encodes a functional diuretic hormone receptor (2004)

Diuretic hormone 44 (DH) is a bioactive neuropeptide that mediates osmotic balance in a wide variety of insects through increases in cAMP. It is structurally similar to mammalian corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) peptides. In the moth Manduca and the cricket Acheta, functional studies have shown that its cognate receptor (DH-R) is related to the mammalian CRF receptor. The Drosophila genome contains two genes (CG8422 and CG12370) orthologous to Manduca and Acheta DH-Rs. Here, we present multiple lines of evidence to support the hypothesis that the orphan CG8422 G-protein-coupled receptor is a functional DH-R. When expressed in mammalian cells, CG8422 conferred selective sensitivity to DH, as indicated by translocation of a beta-arrestin-2-GFP reporter from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane. Consistent with its in vivo activities in other insects, DH activation of CG8422 elicited increases in a cAMP reporter system (CRE-luciferase), with an EC(50) of 1.7 nmol l(-1). CG8422 activation by DH also led to increases in intracellular calcium but at substantially higher doses (EC(50) approximately 300 nmol l(-1)). By microarray analysis, the CG8422 transcript was detectable in Drosophila head mRNA of different genotypes and under different environmental conditions. The identification of a Drosophila receptor for the DH neuropeptide provides a basis for genetic analysis of this critical factor's roles in maintaining physiological homeostasis.
Structural dependence of crystallization in phosphorus‐containing sodium aluminoborosilicate glasses (2021)

Abstract The article reports on the structural dependence of crystallization in Na 2 O–Al 2 O 3 –B 2 O 3 –P 2 O 5 –SiO 2 ‐based glasses over a broad compositional space. The structure of melt‐quenched glasses has been investigated using 11 B, 27 Al, 29 Si, and 31 P magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopy, while the crystallization behavior has been followed using X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive spectroscopy. In general, the integration of phosphate into the sodium aluminoborosilicate network is mainly accomplished via the formation of Al–O–P and B–O–P linkages with the possibility of formation of Si–O–P linkages playing only a minor role. In terms of crystallization, at low concentrations (≤5 mol.%), P 2 O 5 promotes the crystallization of nepheline (NaAlSiO 4 ), while at higher concentrations (≥10 mol.%), it tends to suppress (completely or incompletely depending on the glass chemistry) the crystallization in glasses. When correlating the structure of glasses with their crystallization behavior, the MAS NMR results highlight the importance of the substitution/replacement of Si–O–Al linkages by Al–O–P, Si–O–B, and B–O–P linkages in the suppression of nepheline crystallization in glasses. The results have been discussed in the context of (1) the problem of nepheline crystallization in Hanford high‐level waste glasses and (2) designing vitreous waste forms for the immobilization of phosphate‐rich dehalogenated Echem salt waste.
Development of Appearance Grading Method of Cotton Yarns for Various Types of Yarns (2005)

In this research, a new method is developed for grading various types of yarn for appearance using image analysis and an artificial neural network. The images of standard yarn boards were analyzed by image analysis and four different faults factors were defined and measured for each series of yarn counts. For each series of yarn counts, a neural network with one layer was trained by measured fault factors of standard boards. The trained neural networks were used for grading various types of yarns. The yarns were also graded by the conventional standard method. The results of grading various types of yarns by image analysis and conventional standard method are compared. We found a strong correlation between the results of grading by two methods. Whereas, in the image analysis method, the grading procedure is not dependent on yarn structure and raw materials, we concluded that it is possible to use this method for grading of any types of yarns based on their apparent features.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Transformation of γ,δ‐Unsaturated Ketone O‐(p‐Cyanophenyl)oximes to 3,4‐Dihydro‐2H‐pyrrole Derivatives. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cells for Gene Therapy and Vector Production (2007)

The treatment of genetic diseases and of several acquired diseases can only reasonably be performed by using gene or cell therapy approaches. In principle, practically all viruses can be used as a base for vector systems (→ viral vectors) for the transfer of genetic material/genes into target cells, and in dependence of the viral vector system used the gene is integrated into the cellular genome or stays in an episomal state. The most important viral vectors presently used are retroviral (RV) and adenoviral (AdV) vectors, which are classical vectors, followed by adeno-associated virus (AAV) and lentiviral (LV) vectors, both of which have a very bright future because of their superior characteristics with respect to RV and AdV vectors. Although this chapter does not deal with other vector systems, it should be mentioned that further viral vector systems with other interesting characteristics, such as those vector systems based on herpes simplex virus or α viruses, are in development and will probably be used for future clinical applications. This methods chapter deals with cells and production systems used for producing RV, LV, AdV, and AAV vectors, as well as with a short update on the purification and the titration of the produced viral vectors. With respect to retroviral vectors, the developments leading to optimal and safe (third- and fourth-generation producer cell lines for oncoretro- and lentiviral vector production, respectively) producer cells are presented. Concerning adenoviral vectors, the different vector generations as well as producer cells (from HEK293 to Per.C6) are shown, whereas the various production approaches are briefly described for the AAV vector system (from a transient production system via producer cells to the insect cell/baculovirus production system). Basic titration methods are also presented.
Infrared detector size: how low should you go? (2012)

In the past five years, significant progress has been accomplished in the reduction of infrared detector pitch and detector size. Recently, longwave infrared detectors in limited quantities have been fabricated with a detector pitch of 5 micrometers. Detectors with 12 micrometer pitch are now becoming standard in both the midwave infrared (MWIR) and longwave infrared (LWIR) sensors. Persistent surveillance systems are pursuing 10 micrometer detector pitch in large format arrays. The fundamental question that most system designers and detector developers desire an answer to is: "how small can you produce an infrared detector and still provide value in performance?" If a system is mostly diffraction-limited, then developing a smaller detector is of limited benefit. If a detector is so small that it does not collect enough photons to produce a good image, then a smaller detector is not much benefit. Resolution and signal-tonoise are the primary characteristics of an imaging system that contribute to targeting, pilotage, search, and other human warfighting task performance. In this paper, we investigate the task of target discrimination range performance as a function of detector size/pitch. Results for LWIR and MWIR detectors are provided and depend on a large number of assumptions that are reasonable.
Organization, structure and alternate splicing of the murine RFC-1 gene encoding a folate transporter (1997)

The structural organization of the murine RFC-1 gene encoding a folate transporter has been determined. The entire nucleotide sequence of the L1210 cell RFC-1 cDNA, the 3'- and 5'-untranslated regions and the coding sequence were found to be distributed in eight exons, including six primary exons and alternates to exon 1 and exon 5, spanning 10.4 kb. Splice variants were identified in an L1210 cell cDNA library. The most common incorporates exons 1 through 6, encoding a 58-kDa polypeptide. The two least common incorporate exons 1 and 2, a truncated version of exon 3 and exons 4 through 6; or exons 1 through 4, an alternate to exon 5, and exon 6, encoding polypeptides of 53.6 and 43.4 kDa, respectively. A fourth variant reported earlier (GenBank/EMBL accession No. L36539) by others incorporates what we have found to be an alternate of exon 1 and exons 2 through 6. A relatively GC-rich region of the genome just 5' of exon 1 as well as exon 1a appears to be distinctly promoter-like and encodes a number of putative cis-acting elements. The findings pertaining to alternates of exon 1 suggest that the transcription of RFC-1 variants results from two different promoters.
Wavelet image compression - the quadtree coding approach (1999)

Perfect reconstruction, quality scalability, and region-of-interest coding are basic features needed for the image compression schemes used in telemedicine applications. This paper proposes a new wavelet-based embedded compression technique that efficiently exploits the intraband dependencies and uses a quadtree-based approach to encode the significance maps. The algorithm produces a losslessly compressed embedded data stream, supports quality scalability, and permits region-of-interest coding. Moreover, experimental results obtained on various images show that the proposed algorithm provides competitive lossless/lossy compression results. The proposed technique is well suited for telemedicine applications that require fast interactive handling of large image sets, over networks with limited and/or variable bandwidth.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF ALKALI METAL TRIFLUOROAQUAMANGANATES(II) (1983)

Abstract Die Elektronentransferreaktion zwischen N 2 H 4 · H 2 O (III) und KMnO 4 (I) liefert in Gegenwart der Bifluoride (II) die rosa‐weißen Alkalimetall‐trifluoroaquomanganate (IV).
A high-resolution rear projection TV for home-use (1989)

The typical characteristics of a newly developed 42-in compact PTV (projection TV) with high picture quality are shown. Descriptions are given of the optical system; the CRT and its accessories, comprising a dual focusing system, a focusing magnet, a six-pole convergence yoke, and a new green phosphor; and the digital convergence system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Scope and Limitations of Fmoc Chemistry SPPS‐Based Approaches to the Total Synthesis of Insulin Lispro via Ester Insulin (2016)

We have systematically explored three approaches based on 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) chemistry solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) for the total chemical synthesis of the key depsipeptide intermediate for the efficient total chemical synthesis of insulin. The approaches used were: stepwise Fmoc chemistry SPPS; the "hybrid method", in which maximally protected peptide segments made by Fmoc chemistry SPPS are condensed in solution; and, native chemical ligation using peptide-thioester segments generated by Fmoc chemistry SPPS. A key building block in all three approaches was a Glu[O-β-(Thr)] ester-linked dipeptide equipped with a set of orthogonal protecting groups compatible with Fmoc chemistry SPPS. The most effective method for the preparation of the 51 residue ester-linked polypeptide chain of ester insulin was the use of unprotected peptide-thioester segments, prepared from peptide-hydrazides synthesized by Fmoc chemistry SPPS, and condensed by native chemical ligation. High-resolution X-ray crystallography confirmed the disulfide pairings and three-dimensional structure of synthetic insulin lispro prepared from ester insulin lispro by this route. Further optimization of these pilot studies could yield an efficient total chemical synthesis of insulin lispro (Humalog) based on peptide synthesis by Fmoc chemistry SPPS.
Silicon Photonic Modulator Using Coupled Bragg Grating Resonators in a Mach-Zehnder Structure (2019)

We demonstrate a silicon modulator enhanced by Bragg-grating resonators. The compact modulator (130- $\mu \mathrm{m}$ phase shifters)with $\mathrm{V}_{\pi}\times \mathrm{L}=0.25 \mathrm{V}$ . cm has a 32-GHz EO bandwidth consuming only 80 fJ/bit at 10 Gbit/s. © 2019 The Author(s)
Conformational Pathways of Saturated Six-Membered Rings. A Static and Dynamical Density Functional Study (2005)

The conformation of the six-membered ring of pyranosyl sugars has pronounced effects on the physical and chemical properties of carbohydrates. We present a method to determine key features of the potential energy surfaces, such as transition states associated with the inversion pathways of the model compounds cyclohexane, tetrahydropyran, p-dioxane, m-dioxane, s-trioxane, and 2-oxanol. Finally, we make the first determination of the pathways for inversion of penta-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranose and penta-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranose. For both anomers, a transition state with five coplanar atoms with appreciable (O)E character was found. The method is based on constrained Car-Parrinello ab initio molecular dynamics, as implemented in the projector augmented-wave (PAW) method. The constraints are derived from the normal modes of six-membered rings and are described in terms of the canonical conformations (1)C(4) chair, (1,4)B boat, and (O)S(2) skew-boat. The PAW derived trajectories are in agreement with previous suggestions in the literature that pseudorotation is an important feature of such conformational interconversions. The dynamic nature as well as the internal coordinate-based constraints provide a method which can reliably accommodate pseudorotation. To determine semiquantitative energies, we recalculate key conformations using standard quantum mechanical calculations while keeping the ring dihedral angles frozen at their values found in the dynamics. In all cases where experimental barriers are known, our results are in excellent agreement.