gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of various kinds of solar cell using Dynamic Terahertz Emission Microscope (2014)

We developed a dynamic terahertz emission microscope to investigate dynamic response of photoexcited carriers in various kinds of solar cell, e.g. a monocrystalline silicon solar cell, a polycrystalline silicon solar cell, and a GaAs solar sell. We could clearly observe the effects of carrier lifetimes of the different kinds of the solar cells. The image reflected the distribution of screening effect due to the carriers excited by pump laser pulses. Moreover, we found that the terahertz emission image was the different from electroluminescence and photoluminescence images of the polycrystalline silicon solar cell, which indicated that the terahertz emission microscopy complimented existing evaluation methods for solar cells.
Biomolecule‐Interactive Flexible Light Emitting Capacitor Display (2021)

Ultrathin, lightweight, flexible, and conformable interactive displays that transduce external stimuli into human-readable signals are essential for emerging applications, such as wearable electronics, human-machine interfaces, and soft robots. Herein, a biomolecule-interactive flexible light emitting capacitor (LEC) display (BIO-LEC) capable of dynamic and quantitative visualization of biomolecules through naked-eye detectable electroluminescence (EL) emission is reported. BIO-LEC comprises a coplanar LEC light source at the bottom, and a designed microfluidic chip as sampling compartment at the top. The quantitative measurement feature of BIO-LEC is achieved by introducing the top liquid electrode, which possesses a unique long dielectric realization time, in the microfluidic chip. BIO-LEC is novel for the following reasons, 1) simple stimuli response principle based on correlating EL intensity to dielectric properties of the top liquid electrode; 2) simple test conditions whereby no labeling is required in the analyte solution to optically detect biomolecules; 3) effective sampling method through the design of an integrated microfluidic chip for hosting the top liquid electrode, ensuring good reproducibility and preventing contamination; 4) sensitive detection limit for heparin concentrations at clinically relevant levels, and 5) high compliance with industrial manufacturing standards.
Photocurrent extraction efficiency in colloidal quantum dot photovoltaics (2013)

The efficiency of photocurrent extraction was studied directly inside operating Colloidal Quantum Dot (CQD) photovoltaic devices. A model was derived from first principles for a thin film p-n junction with a linearly spatially dependent electric field. Using this model, we were able to clarify the origins of recent improvement in CQD solar cell performance. From current-voltage diode characteristics under 1 sun conditions, we extracted transport lengths ranging from 39 nm to 86 nm for these materials. Characterization of the intensity dependence of photocurrent extraction revealed that the dominant loss mechanism limiting the transport length is trap-mediated recombination.
Thin film coatings for solar and thermal radiation control prepared by physical vapour deposition (2012)

Growth of multilayer thin film structures containing dielectric and metal layers using physical vapor deposition is investigated for use in applications requiring the control of thermal and solar radiation propagating through glass windows. In particular, metal-dielectric multilayer structures reflecting UV, near-infrared and thermal radiations whilst maintaining a maximum transmission in the visible range are prepared using both an E-Beam and Thermal evaporator and a RF Magnetron sputtering system. Measured transmittance spectra for the developed structures are in agreement with simulation results and demonstrate that with the use of optimum metal-dielectric layer combination it is possible to realize a coated glass transmitting most of the visible light through and reflecting most of the UV, solar and thermal infrared radiations.
DASIE Analytical Version: A Predictive Tool for Neutrons, Protons and Heavy Ions Induced SEU Cross Section (2006)

This paper presents the new detailed analysis of the secondary ion effect analytical version that allows fast and accurate calculation of neutron, proton and heavy ion cross sections in SRAM based memories. The advantage of this new version is a better determination of the input parameters using heavy ion data. A validation is presented by comparing simulation results with experimental data for technology from 600 to 180-nm
Optimum optical modulation index of laser transmitters in scm systems (1990)

An analysis of the optimum optical modulation index of laser transmitters in SCM systems is presented. Nonlinear distortion arising from overmodulation in a laser-limiter combination is studied. A generalised analysis, based on rectangular signal input power spectral density and broadband transmission, is given for the nonlinear noise spectral density. A computer algorithm is developed to generate the optimum modulation index which maximises the received CNR for SCM transmission.
Androgen and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) regulation of FGF receptors in S115 mouse mammary tumor cells. (1995)

We studied the androgen regulation of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors (FGFRs) in the Shionogi 115 (S115) mouse mammary tumor cell line and its genetic variant Clone 22. In S115 cells, androgen maintains a transformed morphology, rate of proliferation, and serum and anchorage independence. Similar effects were induced by treatment of the cells with FGF-2 or a heparin-binding growth factor (HBGF) fraction prepared from the medium conditioned by the cells. The effects of androgen and FGF-2 could be partly reversed with a specific anti-FGF-2 immunoglobulin G or by suramin, which inhibits binding of FGFs to their high affinity receptors. Testosterone and FGF-2 increased the expression of FGFR-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and, to a lesser extent, FGFR-3 mRNA, but down-regulated FGFR-2 mRNA in S115 cells. No FGFR-4 mRNA was detected. FGF-2 also down-regulated the expression of syndecan-1, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan that binds FGF with low affinity. The binding of radiolabeled FGF-2 to FGFRs was lower in the cells cultured with testosterone or in the presence of the HBGFs from androgen-treated cells, presumably because of the autocrine production of FGF-like factors. In Clone 22 cells, FGFRs and syndecan-1 responded to androgen as in S115 cells, but they were less sensitive to FGF-2. Androgen or FGF-2 could not induce morphological transformation, although both stimulated proliferation. Androgen-increased proliferation was not, however, decreased by anti-FGF-2 immunoglobulin G in Clone 22 cells. These data suggest that of the HBGFs produced, FGF-2 is required in androgen induction of morphological change, whereas the effect on proliferation involves other factors as well (perhaps mostly FGF-8). The results show that androgen differentially regulates the expression of the high and low affinity FGF receptors, which could mediate androgen induction of the transformed phenotype in S115 cells by an autocrine mechanism. The differential responses of the Clone 22 variant cells to androgen and FGF-2 suggest that the pathways of steroid induction of different parameters of the transformed phenotype, such as transition to fibroblastic morphology and stimulation of proliferation, are divergent.
Implementation of a Silver Iodide Cloud-Seeding Parameterization in WRF. Part II: 3D Simulations of Actual Seeding Events and Sensitivity Tests (2013)

Abstract Four cloud-seeding cases over southern Idaho during the 2010/11 winter season have been simulated by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model using the coupled silver iodide (AgI) cloud-seeding scheme that was described in Part I. The seeding effects of both ground-based and airborne seeding as well as the impacts of model physics, seeding rates, location, timing, and cloud properties on seeding effects have been investigated. The results were compared with those from Part I and showed the following: 1) For the four cases tested in this study, control simulations driven by the Real-Time Four Dimensional Data Assimilation (RTFDDA) WRF forecast data generated more realistic atmospheric conditions and precipitation patterns than those driven by the North America Regional Reanalysis data. Sensitivity experiments therefore used the RTFDDA data. 2) Glaciogenic cloud seeding increased orographic precipitation by less than 1% over the simulation domain, including the Snake River basin, and by up to 5% over the target areas. The local values of the relative precipitation enhancement by seeding were ~20%. Most of the enhancement came from vapor depletion. 3) The seeding effect was inversely related to the natural precipitation efficiency but was positively related to seeding rates. 4) Airborne seeding is generally more efficient than ground-based seeding in terms of targeting, but its efficiency depends on local meteorological conditions. 5) The normalized seeding effects ranged from 0.4 to 1.6 under various conditions for a certain seeding event.
Identification of Nucleic Acid Binding Residues in the FCS Domain of the Polycomb Group Protein Polyhomeotic (2011)

Polycomb group (PcG) proteins maintain the silent state of developmentally important genes. Recent evidence indicates that noncoding RNAs also play an important role in targeting PcG proteins to chromatin and PcG-mediated chromatin organization, although the molecular basis for how PcG and RNA function in concert remains unclear. The Phe-Cys-Ser (FCS) domain, named for three consecutive residues conserved in this domain, is a 30-40-residue Zn(2+) binding motif found in a number of PcG proteins. The FCS domain has been shown to bind RNA in a non-sequence specific manner, but how it does so is not known. Here, we present the three-dimensional structure of the FCS domain from human Polyhomeotic homologue 1 (HPH1, also known as PHC1) determined using multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance methods. Chemical shift perturbations upon addition of RNA and DNA resulted in the identification of Lys 816 as a potentially important residue required for nucleic acid binding. The role played by this residue in Polyhomeotic function was demonstrated in a transcription assay conducted in Drosophila S2 cells. Mutation of the Arg residue to Ala in the Drosophila Polyhomeotic (Ph) protein, which is equivalent to Lys 816 in HPH1, was unable to repress transcription of a reporter gene to the level of wild-type Ph. These results suggest that direct interaction between the Ph FCS domain and nucleic acids is required for Ph-mediated repression.
Covariate models for bernoulli bandits (1989)

Sequential selections are to be made from two stochastic processes, or "arms", each yielding Bernoulli responses. At each stage the arm selected depends on previous observations. The objective is to maximize the expected number of successes in the first n selections. The probability of success for a given selection depends on a covariate through an appropriate transformation. For one arm, this transformation is completely known; for the other, it depends on unknown parameters. Properties of optimal strategies are related to those for non-covariate models. Conditions are described under which it is optimal to observe the arm with unknown parameters if the covariate lies to one side of an index value.
Anterior interbody fusion in cervical disc-herniation (2012)

Anterior interbody fusion and cervical discectomy is a surgical technique to treat variety of cervical spine disorders such as nerve root or spinal cord compression. This technique permits to decompress the spinal cord and nerve roots in association with interbody fusion to provide segmental alignment in lordosis and solid arthrodesis with minimal surgical risk. The aim of this video is to show the anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion of a 55 Y/O patient who was suffering from cervical pain associated with intractable radiculapathy of the left C6 root for 6 month. \nAnterior approach to the cervical spine was peformed with a longitudinal skin incision on the medial border of the sternocleidomastoideus muscle. The platisma muscle was gently incised and the medial border of the scm muscle was isolated. The homoyoid muscle was isolated and partially retracted, the longus colli separated to expose the C5-C6 space. Discectomy was performed, the posterior osteophyte removed and the posterior longitudinal ligament removed to ezpose the dural sac. With the artroscope is possible to visualize and remove the posterior longitudinal ligament and expose the dura. A 6 mm anatomical cage was placed into the intervertebral space, to achieve the correct height of the intervertebral space and the physiological lordosis. The incised fascia and muscles are reattached. Postoperative care consisted of soft collar for 4 weeks, then physiotherapy. Two year follow-up clinical and radiographical control demonstrate solid anterior interbody fusion of C5-C6 space.
Detection of African swine fever virus utilizing the portable MatMaCorp ASF detection system (2021)

African swine fever (ASF) has emerged as a major threat to domestic and wild suid populations, and its continued spread threatens commercial swine production worldwide. The causative agent of ASF, African swine fever virus (ASFV), possesses a linear, double stranded DNA genome. Traditional detection of ASFV relies on laboratory-based virus isolation or real-time PCR of samples, typically blood or spleen, obtained from suspect cases. While effective, these methodologies are not easily field deployable, a major limitation during disease outbreak and response management scenarios. In this report, we evaluated the MatMaCorp Solas 8<sup>®</sup> ASFV detection system, a field deployable DNA extraction and fluorescent detection device, for its ability to extract and detect ASFV from multiple sample types obtained from domestic swine experimentally infected with ASFV strain Georgia. We found that the MatMaCorp Solas 8<sup>®</sup> ASFV detection device, and affiliated MagicTip™ DNA extraction and C-SAND™ assay kits, readily detected ASFV in blood and spleen, as well as other sample types, including pinna, liver, skin, muscle and bone marrow.
Increase of human platelet serotonin uptake by atypical histamine receptors (1994)

Histamine and the guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)-inducing agent sodium nitroprusside both increased serotonin (5-HT) uptake and cGMP levels in isolated human platelets in vitro. Histaminergic stimulation was observed at concentrations ranging from 10 nM to 0.25 microM [mean effective concentration (EC50) = 0.1 microM histamine]. The inhibition produced by the H2-receptor antagonists tiotidine, metiamide, and cimetidine was 10-10(5) times more potent on histamine receptors regulating 5-HT uptake and cGMP generation in human platelets than on the histaminergic receptors H1, HIC, H2, and H3 in other tissues. The in vitro histamine-induced 5-HT uptake was prevented by preincubation of isolated human platelets in the presence of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-monomethyl-L-arginine or the cGMP-lowering agent LY-83583. Histamine was ineffective in stimulating cAMP generation in human platelets and did not interact with effector sites known to downregulate 5-HT uptake, including imipramine, gamma-aminobutyric acid A, peripheral type benzodiazepine-binding sites, and V1a vasopressin receptors inducing human platelet shape change and aggregation. These atypical human platelet histaminergic receptors differ from the previously classified histamine receptors by their apparent high affinity to histamine H2-receptor antagonists and their apparent link with the soluble, nitric oxide-dependent guanylate cyclase. These findings suggest that human platelets express a new subtype H2h of histamine receptors.
CSPα reduces aggregates and rescues striatal dopamine release in αsynuclein transgenic mice (2020)

Abstract αSynuclein aggregation at the synapse is an early event in Parkinson’s disease and is associated with impaired striatal synaptic function and dopaminergic neuronal death. The cysteine string protein (CSPα) and αsynuclein have partially overlapping roles in maintaining synaptic function and mutations in each cause neurodegenerative diseases. CSPα is a member of the DNAJ/HSP40 family of co-chaperones and like αsynuclein, chaperones the SNARE complex assembly and neurotransmitter release. αSynuclein can rescue neurodegeneration in CSPαKO mice. However, whether αsynuclein aggregation alters CSPα expression and function is unknown. Here we show that αsynuclein aggregation at the synapse induces a decrease in synaptic CSPα and a reduction in the complexes that CSPα forms with HSC70 and STGa. We further show that viral delivery of CSPα rescues in vitro the impaired vesicle recycling in PC12 cells with αsynuclein aggregates and in vivo reduces synaptic αsynuclein aggregates restoring normal dopamine release in 1-120hαsyn mice. These novel findings reveal a mechanism by which αsynuclein aggregation alters CSPα at the synapse, and show that CSPα rescues αsynuclein aggregation-related phenotype in 1-120hαsyn mice similar to the effect of αsynuclein in CSPαKO mice. These results implicate CSPα as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of early-stage PD.
Identification of Small Molecule Inhibitors of Jumonji AT-rich Interactive Domain 1B (JARID1B) Histone Demethylase by a Sensitive High Throughput Screen (2013)

JARID1B (also known as KDM5B or PLU1) is a member of the JARID1 family of histone lysine demethylases responsible for the demethylation of trimethylated lysine 27 in histone H3 (H3K4me3), a mark for actively transcribed genes. JARID1B is overexpressed in several cancers, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer. In addition, JARID1B is required for mammary tumor formation in syngeneic or xenograft mouse models. JARID1B-expressing melanoma cells are associated with increased self-renewal character. Therefore, JARID1B represents an attractive target for cancer therapy. Here we characterized JARID1B using a homogeneous luminescence-based demethylase assay. We then conducted a high throughput screen of over 15,000 small molecules to identify inhibitors of JARID1B. From this screen, we identified several known JmjC histone demethylase inhibitors, including 2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid and catechols. More importantly, we identified several novel inhibitors, including 2-4(4-methylphenyl)-1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one (PBIT), which inhibits JARID1B with an IC50 of about 3 μm in vitro. Consistent with this, PBIT treatment inhibited removal of H3K4me3 by JARID1B in cells. Furthermore, this compound inhibited proliferation of cells expressing higher levels of JARID1B. These results suggest that this novel small molecule inhibitor is a lead compound that can be further optimized for cancer therapy.
An In-Reactor Creep Correlation for 20% Cold Worked AISI 316 Stainless Steel (1982)

An empirical in-reactor creep equation has been developed for 20% cold worked 316SS. This equation is based upon creep data obtained predominately from pressurized tube specimens irradiated in the Experimental Breeder Reactor EBR-II at specific irradiation temperatures between 400 and 730°C and to a peak fluence of 7×1022n/cm2 (E &amp;gt;0.1 MeV). The correlation includes both thermal and irradiation induced creep terms to model the observed primary, steady-state, and tertiary creep behaviors for this alloy. The thermal creep tertiary term has been modified to reflect the observed delay in the onset of tertiary creep for the in-reactor creep data. The correlation is compared to the in-reactor data base and the 1σ uncertainty has been found to be 30% of the calculated strain where data exist.
Synthesis, Antifungal Activity, and Biocompatibility of Novel 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]Octane (DABCO) Compounds and DABCO-Containing Denture Base Resins (2017)

The fungal pathogen <i>Candida albicans</i> causes a variety of oral infections, including denture stomatitis, which is characterized by inflammation of the oral mucosa in direct contact with dentures and affects a significant number of otherwise healthy denture wearers. While antifungal treatment reduces symptoms, infections are often recurrent. One strategy to address this problem is to incorporate compounds with fungicidal activities into denture materials to prevent colonization. Our laboratory synthesized novel derivatives of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO), which is an organic compound typically used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions. DABCO derivatives with different aliphatic chain lengths (DC16, DC16F, DC18, and C6DC16), as well as methacrylate monomers conjugated to DABCO compounds (DC11MAF and C2DC11MAF), were synthesized and tested for antimicrobial activity. All the compounds exhibited fungicidal activity against several <i>Candida</i> species at concentrations ranging between 2 and 4 μg/ml. Moreover, acrylic denture base resins fabricated to contain 1, 2, or 4 wt% DABCO compounds inhibited surface <i>C. albicans</i> biofilm formation, as well as fungal growth, in disc diffusion assays. Remarkably, discs (4 wt%) aged for 2 months also exhibited approximately 100% growth-inhibitory activity. While some DABCO compounds exerted intermediate to high cytotoxicity against mammalian oral cell types, DC11MAF and denture base resin discs containing 2 or 4 wt% C2DC11MAF exhibited relatively low cytotoxicity against periodontal ligament (PDL) cell and gingival fibroblast (GF) lines, as well as primary oral epithelial cells. These studies demonstrate that DABCO derivatives can be incorporated into denture materials and exert fungicidal activity with minimal cytotoxicity to mammalian cells. DC11MAF and C2DC11MAF are considered strong candidates as therapeutic or preventive alternatives against <i>Candida</i>-associated denture stomatitis.
Linear Least Square Optimization Model and Algorithm for Fault Diagnosis of Grounding Grid (2008)

Grounding grid is very important for the secure operation of substations of power systems.It is the focus of operation departments of power industry and academic research.Based on fundamental circuit theory,this paper proposes a linear least square optimization model and algorithm.A linear relationship between deviations of the nodal voltage and the resistance of grounding grid is established,and the details of sensitivity computation are given too.A linear least square optimization model is presented for fault diagnosis.The simulation results tested on a actual grounding grid show that the proposed method has high accuracy for fault diagnosis.
Bioreactance-guided fluid therapy for excision of a giant brain tumor in an infant under general anesthesia: A case report and literature review (2021)

Pediatric patients are more likely to suffer from brain tumors. Surgical resection is often the optimal treatment. Perioperative management of pediatric brain tumor resection brings great challenges to anesthesiologists, especially for fluid therapy. In this case, the infant-patient was only 69-day-old, weighed 6 kg，but she was facing a gaint brain tumor (7.9 cm × 8.1 cm × 6.7 cm) excision. The infant was at great risks such as hemorrhagic shock, cerebral edema, pulmonary edema, congestive heart failure, coagulation dysfunction, etc. However, we tried to use the parameters obtained by bioreactance-based NICOM ® device (Cheetah Medical) to guide the infant’s intraoperative fluid therapy, and successfully avoided these complications and achieved a good prognosis.