gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HIV-1 Antiviral Activity of Recombinant Natural Killer Cell Enhancing Factors, NKEF-A and NKEF-B, Members of the Peroxiredoxin Family (2003)

CD8(+) T-cells are a major source for the production of non-cytolytic factors that inhibit HIV-1 replication. In order to characterize further these factors, we analyzed gene expression profiles of activated CD8(+) T-cells using a human cDNA expression array containing 588 human cDNAs. mRNA for the chemokine I-309 (CCL1), the cytokines granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-13, and natural killer cell enhancing factors (NKEF) -A and -B were up-regulated in bulk CD8(+) T-cells from HIV-1 seropositive individuals compared with seronegative individuals. Recombinant NKEF-A and NKEF-B inhibited HIV-1 replication when exogenously added to acutely infected T-cells at an ID(50) (dose inhibiting HIV-1 replication by 50%) of approximately 130 nm (3 microg/ml). Additionally, inhibition against dual-tropic simian immunodeficiency virus and dual-tropic simian-human immunodeficiency virus was found. T-cells transfected with NKEF-A or NKEF-B cDNA were able to inhibit 80-98% HIV-1 replication in vitro. Elevated plasma levels of both NKEF-A and NKEF-B proteins were detected in 23% of HIV-infected non-treated individuals but not in persons treated with highly active antiviral therapy or uninfected persons. These results indicate that the peroxiredoxin family members NKEF-A and NKEF-B are up-regulated in activated CD8(+) T-cells in HIV infection, and suggest that these antioxidant proteins contribute to the antiviral activity of CD8(+) T-cells.
Improved Visual Results After Surgical Repair of Cytomegalovirus-Related Retinal Detachments (1995)

Lim, J I; Enger, C; Haller, J A; Campochiaro, P A; Meredith, T A; De Bustros, S; Dunn, J P; Jabs, D A
A Practical Method for the Synthesis of Highly Enantioenriched <i>trans</i>-1,2-Amino Alcohols (2013)

A highly enantioselective addition of phenyl carbamate to meso-epoxides has been developed to efficiently generate protected trans-1,2-amino alcohols. This transformation is promoted by an oligomeric (salen)Co-OTf catalyst and has been used to prepare two useful 2-aminocycloalkanol hydrochlorides in enantiopure form on a multigram scale from commercially available starting materials.
Motion strategies for maintaining visibility of a moving target (2002)

We introduce the problem of computing robot motion strategies that maintain visibility of a moving target in a cluttered workspace. Both motion constraints (as considered in standard motion planning) and visibility constraints (as considered in visual tracking) must be satisfied. Additional criteria, such as the total distance traveled, can be optimized. The general problem is divided into two categories, on the basis of whether the target is predictable. For the predictable case, an algorithm that computes optimal, numerical solutions is presented. For the more challenging case of a partially-predictable target, two online algorithms are presented that each attempt to maintain future visibility with limited prediction. One strategy maximizes the probability that the target will remain in view in a subsequent time step, and the other maximizes the minimum time in which the target could escape the visibility region. We additionally discuss issues resulting from our implementation and experiments on a mobile robot system.
Post-transplant head and neck cancers: A prospective analysis of clinical factors for risk stratification. (2018)

e18051 Background: Transplant recipients experience a 2 to 10-fold increased risk of head and neck cancers (HNC) compared to the general population, with about 10-15% of transplant recipients developing a HNC. Retrospective studies have identified level of immunosuppression, chronic HPV infection, and alcohol and tobacco use as risk factors for the development of HNC after transplant. We sought to prospectively assess the utility of clinical risk factors for prediction of HNC in the transplant population. Methods: We prospectively followed 330 patients who received a heart or lung transplant at Stanford from 2010 to 2016. Positive smoking history, alcohol use > 1 oz per week, age at transplant > 60, and high level of immunosuppression were used to stratify patients in low- (0-1 factors) and high- (2+ factors) risk categories. Disease course was evaluated in patients who developed HNC. Mean follow-up time was 3.6 years ± 2.1 years. Results: Eighty patients were categorized as high risk. There was no significant difference in follow-up time between high- and low-risk groups. In total, 32 patients (9.7%) developed a HNC, with a mean time of 841 days between transplantation and diagnosis. Two low-stage resectable non-cutaneous SCC cases and one parotid SCC occurred exclusively in the high-risk category. There was a significant difference in cancer incidence between the two risk categories (6% in low-risk v. 21.3% in high-risk; OR = 4.23; p < 0.0001). The use of a combined risk score improved risk stratification compared to the use of smoking history (OR = 2.79), level of immunosuppression (OR = 2.82) and alcohol use (OR = 1.18). While age was the most important risk factor for developing HNC (OR = 6.76), this was largely due to the increase in cutaneous malignancies with age. Use of a combined risk category was able to identify 25 at-risk patients < 60 years of age, of which 2 (8%) developed a HNC. Conclusions: While transplant patients regularly undergo clinical follow-up, clinical risk factors can be used to identify patients who may benefit from additional screening. The utility of biomarkers such as HPV titers and circulating tumor DNA for early detection of HNC, particularly in high-risk patients, should be evaluated.
Cost-effectiveness of lenalidomide plus dexamethasone vs bortezomib plus melphalan and prednisone in transplant-ineligible US patients with newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma (2015)

Rd was expected to result in greater LYs and QALYs compared with VMP, with similar overall costs per LY for each regimen. Results of this analysis indicated that Rd may be a cost-effective alternative to VMP as initial treatment for transplant-ineligible patients with MM, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio well within the levels for recent advancements in oncology.
CXCL10 Signaling Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Arthritogenic Alphaviruses (2020)

Emerging and re-emerging arthritogenic alphaviruses, such as Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and O'nyong nyong virus, cause acute and chronic crippling arthralgia associated with inflammatory immune responses. Approximately 50% of CHIKV-infected patients suffer from rheumatic manifestations that last 6 months to years. However, the physiological functions of individual immune signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of alphaviral arthritis remain poorly understood. Here, we report that a deficiency in CXCL10, which is a chemoattractant for monocytes/macrophages/T cells, led to the same viremia as wild-type animals, but fewer immune infiltrates and lower viral loads in footpads at the peak of arthritic disease (6-8 days post infection). Macrophages constituted the largest immune cell population in footpads following infection, and were significantly reduced in <i>Cxcl10</i><sup>-/-</sup> mice. The viral RNA loads in neutrophils and macrophages were reduced in <i>Cxcl10</i><sup>-/-</sup> compared to wild-type mice. In summary, our results demonstrate that CXCL10 signaling promotes the pathogenesis of alphaviral disease and suggest that CXCL10 may be a therapeutic target for mitigating alphaviral arthritis.
Speeding Up Micromagnetic Simulation by Energy Minimization With Interpolation of Magnetostatic Field (2017)

An energy minimization technique with interpolation of magnetostatic field for micromagnetic simulation is proposed. This interpolation method reduces the number of evaluations of the magnetostatic field, which is the most time-consuming process in micromagnetic simulation. The interpolation does not change the M-H curves of the multigrain permanent magnets. The simulation results show that the present method accelerates micromagnetic simulation by a factor of up to 43 compared to the integration of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation while maintaining the accuracy of the coercivity estimation.
A robotic thruster that can handle hairy flexible cable of serpentine robots for disaster inspection (2018)

Snake-like robots are useful for exploring narrow spaces such as in collapsed buildings after a severe disaster. Two people are usually required for operating serpentine robot, one for pushing and twisting, and the other for controlling the tip. In this paper, we propose a way to control a snake robot with a single operator, by the use of robotic thruster. Further, a robotic thruster has the advantage of improving the estimation of tip position and shape, by measuring the inserted length of the cable. In this study, the focus is on “ hairy ” robots, so called because an Active Scope Camera (ASC) is covered by inclined cilia acting as a self-propelling mechanism. When operating a snake robot, the most difficult challenge is to insert it without damaging the cilia. First, opposed flexible rollers are proposed to push the robot whose cylindrical surfaces are covered by tensed flexible wires. The wires sandwich the robotic body between the hairs to avoid damage. Then, by using the rollers, a thruster is proposed which can push and twist the ASC, and measure both the inserted length and twisting angles. Basic performance experiments showed that the thruster could successfully push and twist an ASC of approximately 5 m. The accuracy of the inserted length and twisting angle were less than 10% and 45%, respectively. The thruster was able to push and twist the ASC on flat environments with obstacles, and in a three-dimensional rubble environment.
Direct observation of nanofabrication influence on the optical properties of single self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots (2017)

Single self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots are a promising solid-state quantum technology, with which vacuum Rabi splitting, single-photon-level nonlinearities, and bright, pure, and indistinguishable single-photon generation having been demonstrated. For such achievements, nanofabrication is used to create structures in which the quantum dot preferentially interacts with strongly-confined optical modes. An open question is the extent to which such nanofabrication may also have an adverse influence, through the creation of traps and surface states that could induce blinking, spectral diffusion, and dephasing. Here, we use photoluminescence imaging to locate the positions of single InAs/GaAs quantum dots with respect to alignment marks with &lt; 5 nm uncertainty, allowing us to measure their behavior before and after fabrication. We track the quantum dot emission linewidth and photon statistics as a function of distance from an etched surface, and find that the linewidth is significantly broadened (up to several GHz) for etched surfaces within a couple hundred nanometers of the quantum dot. However, we do not observe appreciable reduction of the quantum dot radiative efficiency due to blinking. We also show that atomic layer deposition can stabilize spectral diffusion of the quantum dot emission, and partially recover its linewidth.
Prevalence of high symptom burden and its impact on functioning and quality of life in patients with multiple myeloma 3-9 months following autologous transplant. (2014)

e19580 Background: Although multiple myeloma (MM) patients are expected to have lower disease burden post autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AuSCT), symptom burden and its impact on patient’s quality of life (QoL) have not been prospectively studied in this time period, when maintenance therapy may be implemented. Methods: 51 patients with MM were enrolled at 3 months post AuSCT. Patients rated symptom severity and interference weekly on the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI-MM) for 6 months. Trajectory modeling identified a subgroup of patients who constantly reported higher symptom burden. Linear mixed-effect models and regression models were used to examine symptom impact on total symptom interference, and on QoL (EORTC-QLQ30 at 9 month). The effects of lenalidomide maintenance therapy on symptoms was examined. Results: Of 51 patients, 22 (43%) received lenalidomide maintenance therapy, 29 (57%) were in observation. Over time, the most severe symptoms were pain, fatigue, numbness, muscle weakness, and bone aches for all patients. Thirty-five percent of patients formed a high symptom burden cohort, which consistently reported moderate to severe symptoms (4.65 ±1.41 at baseline and 4.78 ±1.62 at month 6 for a composite score of these symptoms). Maintenance therapy with lenalidomide or other patient factors (age, sex, staging, BMI, race) were not predictive of high symptom burden. High symptom burden was predicted by higher post-AuSCT fatigue (est=0.58, P=0.002). Greater impairment of daily walking, work, and general activity was longitudinally related to higher levels of muscle weakness (est=2.43, P<.0001), fatigue (est=1.50, P=0.007), or pain (est=1.31, P=0.025). By end of study, patients with high symptom burden reported poorer QoL (61.1±26.5 vs. 82.1±16.9, P=0.003). A reduced physical functioning subscale score was related to higher levels of fatigue (P=.012) and bone aches (P=.005). Conclusions: Our study observed that 35% of MM patient consistently reported high symptom burden that was not related to use of maintenance therapy or other clinical variables, but significantly impacted on QoL and daily functioning.
The severity of acute kidney injury predicts progression to chronic kidney disease (2011)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with progression to advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). We tested whether patients who survive AKI and are at higher risk for CKD progression can be identified during their hospital admission, thus providing opportunities to intervene. This was assessed in patients in the Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System hospitalized with a primary diagnosis indicating AKI (ICD9 codes 584.xx). In the exploratory phase, three multivariate prediction models for progression to stage 4 CKD were developed. In the confirmatory phase, the models were validated in 11,589 patients admitted for myocardial infarction or pneumonia during the same time frame that had RIFLE codes R, I, or F and complete data for all predictor variables. Of the 5351 patients in the AKI group, 728 entered stage 4 CKD after hospitalization. Models 1, 2, and 3 were all significant with 'c' statistics of 0.82, 0.81, and 0.77, respectively. In model validation, all three were highly significant when tested in the confirmatory patients, with moderate to large effect sizes and good predictive accuracy ('c' 0.81-0.82). Patients with AKI who required dialysis and then recovered were at especially high risk for progression to CKD. Hence, the severity of AKI is a robust predictor of progression to CKD.
Schemagerichte therapie bij cliënten met persoonlijkheidsproblematiek binnen een klinische behandelsetting: het verband tussen vroege, onaangepaste schema’s en beperkingen op levensgebieden (2013)

Background: Numerous studies pointed out that individuals suffering from personality disorders often experience limitations on a variety of life domains. These limitations are often due to an extensive treatment history. Personality disorders are characterized as pervasive and rigid, with little room for change and improvement. Young’s schema therapy is proven to be effective in treating people with personality disorders. This therapy focuses on identifying and adapting early maladaptive schemas that form the base of personality pathology. Objective: The objective of the present study was to identify early maladaptive schemas in individuals suffering from personality disorders. Furthermore, this study seeked to examine life domains in which patients feel limited. Finally, the relation between maladaptive schemas and different life domains was examined. Method: Early maladaptive schemas of participants (n=35), following a group format schema therapy at Mediant de Wieke, were assessed using the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ). Based on patient record information, it was investigated to what extent participants experienced limitations within nine different life domains. In order to examine the relation between maladaptive schemas and life domains a Pearson’s correlation was performed. Results: A majority of the participants report early maladaptive schemas from almost all schema domains. In particular the domains ‘Disconnection and rejection’, ‘Other-directedness’ and ‘Negative attitude’ are highly represented. Most participants experience limitations on a variety of life domains. Contrary to expectations, this study did not find a significant relation between early maladaptive schemas and difficulties on life domains. However, unpredicted significant correlations were found between specific schemas and life domains. Conclusion: The present study supports findings from prior research within this field; individuals suffering from personality disorders experience limitations on numerous life domains and are known to have an extensive treatment history. In addition, they report a large number of early, maladaptive schemas from a variety of domains. Modest positive as well as negative relations were found between specific schemas and life domains. Future research is required in order to gain further insight in these relations to broaden the existing body of research within the field of schema therapy. Furthermore, it is suggested that other schema related instruments are employed to expand current knowledge on early maladaptive schemas.
Biomechanical and performance differences between female soccer athletes in National Collegiate Athletic Association Divisions I and III. (2008)

Division I athletes demonstrated different sagittal-plane mechanics than Division III athletes, which may facilitate improved performance. The similarities in anterior cruciate ligament injury risk factors (knee abduction torques and angles) may correlate with the consistent incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury across divisions.
<i>Secale cereale</i>interference and economic thresholds in winter<i>Triticum aestivum</i> (2000)

Secale cereale is a serious weed problem in winter Triticum aestivum–producing regions. The interference relationships and economic thresholds of S. cereale in winter T. aestivum in Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, and Wyoming were determined over 4 yr. Winter T. aestivum density was held constant at recommended planting densities for each site. Target S. cereale densities were 0, 5, 10, 25, 50, or 100 plants m−2. Secale cereale–winter T. aestivum interference relationships across locations and years were determined using a negative hyperbolic yield loss function. Two parameters—I, which represents the percent yield loss as S. cereale density approaches zero, and A, the maximum percent yield loss as S. cereale density increases—were estimated for each data set using nonlinear regression. Parameter I was more stable among years within locations than among locations within years, whereas maximum percentage yield loss was more stable across locations and years. Environmental conditions appeared to have a role in the stability of these relationships. Parameter estimates for I and A were incorporated into a second model to determine economic thresholds. On average, threshold values were between 4 and 5 S. cereale plants m−2; however, the large variation in these threshold values signifies considerable risk in making economic weed management decisions based upon these values.
II. – Enthalpies d'excès de systèmes binaires : hexamethylphosphorotriamide (H.M.P.T.) + hydrocarbures satures, ethylenique, acetylenique, aromatiques et halogenes (1980)

On a déterminé, au moyen d'un calorimètre isotherme à déplacement réalisé par nos soins et décrit dans la partie I, les enthalpies d'excès de 17 systèmes binaires comportant l'hexaméthylphosphorotriamide (H.M.P.T.) comme constituant commun. Le second composant est un hydrocarbure saturé, éthylènique, acétylénique, aromatique ou halogène.
The effect of dietary protein and fermentable carbohydrates levels on growth performance and intestinal characteristics in newly weaned piglets1 (2006)

Reducing the CP content and increasing the fermentable carbohydrates (FC) content of the diet may counteract the negative effects of protein fermentation in newly weaned piglets fed high-CP diets. To study the synergistic effects of CP and FC on gut health and its consequences for growth performance, 272 newly weaned piglets (26 d of age, 8.7 kg of BW) were allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, with low and high CP and low and high FC content as the factors. Eight piglets from each dietary treatment were killed on d 7 postweaning. Feces and digesta from ileum and colon were collected to determine nutrient digestibility, fermentation products, and microbial counts. In addition, jejunum tissues samples were collected for intestinal morphology and enzyme activity determination. During the entire 4-wk period, interactions between the dietary CP and FC contents were found for ADFI (P = 0.022), ADG (P = 0.001), and G:F (P = 0.033). The high-FC content reduced ADFI, ADG, and G:F in the low-CP diet, whereas the FC content did not affect growth performance in the high-CP diet. Lowering the CP content of the low-FC diet improved ADFI and ADG, whereas lowering the CP content of the high-FC diet did not influence growth performance. The low-CP diets resulted in a lower concentration of ammonia in the small intestine (P = 0.003), indicating reduced protein fermentation. In the small intestine, the high FC content increased the number of lactobacilli (P = 0.047), tended to decrease the number of coliforms (P = 0.063), tended to increase the lactic acid content (P = 0.080), and reduced the concentration of ammonia (P = 0.049). In the colon, the high-FC diets increased the concentration of total VFA (P = 0.009), acetic acid (P = 0.003), and butyric acid (P = 0.018), and tended to decrease the ammonia concentration (P = 0.076). Intestinal morphology and activity of brush border enzymes were not affected by the diet, although maltase activity tended to decrease with increasing dietary FC (P = 0.061). We concluded that an increase in the dietary FC content, and to a lesser extent a decrease in the CP content, reduced ammonia concentrations and altered the microflora and fermentation patterns in the gastrointestinal tract of weaned piglets. However, these effects were not necessarily reflected by an increased growth performance of the piglets.