gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and ERBB2 (HER2) expressions on survival in patients with stage II/III gastric cancer, enrolled in the ACTS-GC study. (2011)

4013 Background: EGFR and HER2 positivity is thought to be a negative prognostic factor in gastric cancer (GC). Biomarker analysis has been conducted to evaluate the influence of EGFR and HER2 expressions on the outcomes of patients (pts) enrolled in the ACTS-GC study, a randomized phase III trial, which demonstrated that adjuvant treatment with S-1 after D2 dissection for locally advanced GC was more effective as compared with surgery alone in East Asian pts (Sakuramoto et al., NEJM 2007) Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens were examined retrospectively for EGFR and HER2 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using Ventana antibody. The scores for EGFR and HER2 expression were centrally assessed in a blinded fashion. The expression of each of the genes was also measured by RT-PCR in macrodissected tumor specimens. Results: FFPE specimens were available from 829 of the total of 1,059 (78.3%) pts. As of the end of Dec. 2010, IHC for EGFR and HER2 had been performed for 489 and 670 pts, respectively, while the mRNA of each had been measured for 754 pts. The IHC score distribution for EGFR (grade 0, 20.2%; 1+, 47.4%; 2+, 22.3%; 3+, 10.0%) and that for HER2 (grade 0, 51.3%; 1+, 26.0%; 2+, 12.4%; 3+, 10.3%) were balanced across the arms. For both genes, the IHC score was significantly correlated with the mRNA expression level (P<0.0001, Wilcoxon’s test). EGFR 3+ status was associated with worse outcomes in the surgery alone group (OS, p=0.0098; HR 2.13 [95% CI:1.13-3.68]; RFS, p=0.0297; HR 1.94 [95% CI:1.003-3.41]) and the S-1 group (OS, p=0.0655; HR 1.87 [95% CI:0.895-3.51]; RFS, p=0.0237; HR 2.08 [95% CI:1.03-3.84]) These trends still remained significant in multivariate models in the surgery alone group (p=0.0277; HR 2.07 [95% CI:1.09-3.62]). No interaction for OS or RFS was observed between S-1 and the EGFR 3+ status. The HER2 status was not associated with the OS/RFS in either the surgery alone group or the S-1 group. Conclusions: This large biomarker study showed that the EGFR 3+ status was associated with worse outcomes in GC pts treated by surgery alone. The final results including the remaining FFPE specimens will be reported at the meeting.
ChemInform Abstract: Renewable Materials as Precursors of Linear Nitrile Acid Derivatives via Cross‐Metathesis of Fatty Esters and Acids with Acrylonitrile and Fumaronitrile. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Differential Recognition of Target Genes by Nuclear Receptor Monomers, Dimers, and Heterodimers* (1994)

NUCLEAR receptors regulate the transcription of complex networks of genes and thereby control diverse aspects of growth, development, and homeostasis. The nuclear receptor superfamily includes intracellular receptors for steroid hormones, thyroid hormones, and retinoids, as well as a large number of related proteins for which regulatory ligands have not been identified. Regardless of whether transcriptional activity is controlled by the binding of a ligand, each of these proteins must be capable of binding to specific DNA sequences that identify particular genes as targets for regulation. Elucidation of the mechanisms that underlie gene-specific recognition therefore forms a central problem in understanding how various members of the nuclear receptor superfamily function to differentially regulate gene expression. The sequence-specific DNA binding properties of nuclear receptors are determined by two conserved domains that function in an interdependent manner to mediate protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions (Fig. 1). Protein-DNA interactions are mediated by the highly conserved DNA binding domain (DBD) that defines the nuclear receptor superfamily.
Spatially Explicit Large-Scale Environmental Risk Assessment of Pharmaceuticals in Surface Water in China (2019)

With improving healthcare and an aging population, the consumption of human pharmaceuticals in China has been increasing dramatically. Environmental risks posed by many active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are still unknown. This study used a spatially explicit dilution-factor methodology to model predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) of 11 human-use APIs in surface water for a preliminary environmental risk assessment (ERA). Median PECs in surface water across China range between 0.01 and 8.0 × 10<sup>3</sup> ng/L for the different APIs, under a moderate patient use scenario. Higher environmental risks of APIs in surface water are in regions with high water stress, e.g., northern China. Levonorgestrel, estradiol, ethinyl estradiol and abiraterone acetate were predicted to potentially pose a high or moderate environmental risk in China if consumption levels reach those in Europe. Relative risks of these four APIs have the potential to be among those chemicals with the highest impact on surface water in China when compared to the risks associated with other regulated chemicals, including triclosan and some standard water quality parameters including BOD<sub>5</sub> (5-day biological oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), Cu, Zn, and Hg and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate. This method could support the regulation of this category of chemicals and risk mitigation strategies in China.
Input and data selection applied to heart disease diagnosis (2006)

In this paper we present an application of data and input selection to a heart disease diagnosis problem. We approach the problem by using a modified LVQ scheme that selects a subset of the training data points to update the prototypes. The main model goal is to identify patients with relevant coronary vessels obstruction. The selected subset provides an interesting interpretation. We associate this methodology with a weighted norm, instead of the Euclidean, in order to establish different levels of importance for the input attributes. Again, interesting interpretation arises concerning the relevance of the input attributes.
Lipoprotein subfractions and subclinical vascular health in middle aged women: does menopause status matter? (2022)

Carotid intimal medial thickening is positively and independently associated with small- and medium-sized LDL particles after menopause. Monitoring levels of specific lipoprotein fractions may have value in identifying midlife women at risk for developing atherosclerotic vascular disease.
Enantioselective Amination of Benzylic and Allylic C-H Bonds (2008)

The catalytic formation of C-N bonds via insertion reactions has been extensively studied [dirhodium(II) complexes, manganese- and ruthenium-porphyrin complexes, etc.]. Based on previously reported work in the field, a new and efficient catalytic system of pyridine bisoxazoline dirhodium(II) complex is developed and applied to the asymmetric amination of benzylic and allylic C-H bonds of sulfamate esters. For previous work see: C. Liang, F. Robert-Peillard, C. Fruit, P. Müller, R. H. Dodd, P. Dauban Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 4641; K. W. Fiori, J. Du Bois J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 562.
Optical coherence tomography is highly sensitive in detecting prior optic neuritis (2019)

This study provides Class III evidence that OCT accurately identifies patients with prior unilateral optic neuritis.
Improving Pain Management and Long-Term Outcomes Following High-Energy Orthopaedic Trauma (Pain Study) (2017)

Poor pain control after orthopaedic trauma is a predictor of physical disability and numerous negative long-term outcomes. Despite increased awareness of the negative consequences of poorly controlled pain, analgesic therapy among hospitalized patients after orthopaedic trauma remains inconsistent and often inadequate. The Pain study is a 3 armed, prospective, double-blind, multicenter randomized trial designed to evaluate the effect of standard pain management versus standard pain management plus perioperative nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or pregabalin in patients of ages 18-85 with extremity fractures. The primary outcomes are chronic pain, opioid utilization during the 48 hours after definitive fixation and surgery for nonunion in the year after fixation. Secondary outcomes include preoperative and postoperative pain intensity, adverse events and complications, physical function, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. One year treatment costs are also compared between the groups.
Subsea Cables as Enablers of a Next Generation Global Ocean Sensing System (2023)

The ocean is vast, complex, and increasingly threatened by human activities. There is an urgent need to find complementary ways to gather extensive information and promote the comprehensive understanding and management of the ocean. In addition, as coastal populations grow, these regions are becoming more vulnerable to hazardous natural events. The global network of subsea cables provides an opportunity to support a holistic ocean observation system, in particular, to anticipate and provide warning about hazards and to prepare responses to catastrophic events. Large-scale and widespread ocean monitoring may also enable the oversight and tracing of global phenomena that have local impacts.
Connectivity based node clustering in decentralized peer-to-peer networks (2004)

Connectivity based node clustering has wide ranging applications in decentralized peer-to-peer (P2P) networks such as P2P file sharing systems, mobile ad-hoc networks, P2P sensor networks and so forth. We describe a connectivity-based distributed node clustering scheme (CDC). This scheme presents a scalable and an efficient solution for discovering connectivity based clusters in peer networks. In contrast to centralized graph clustering algorithms, the CDC scheme is completely decentralized and it only assumes the knowledge of neighbor nodes, instead of requiring a global knowledge of the network (graph) to be available. An important feature of the CDC scheme is its ability to cluster the entire network automatically or to discover clusters around a given set of nodes. We provide experimental evaluations of the CDC scheme, addressing its effectiveness in discovering good quality clusters. Our experiments show that utilizing message-based connectivity structure can considerably reduce the messaging cost, and provide better utilization of resources, which in turn improves the quality of service of the applications executing over decentralized peer-to-peer networks.
Accurate and precise characterization of linear optical interferometers (2016)

We combine single- and two-photon interference procedures for characterizing any multi-port linear optical interferometer accurately and precisely. Accuracy is achieved by estimating and correcting systematic errors that arise due to spatiotemporal and polarization mode mismatch. Enhanced accuracy and precision are attained by fitting experimental coincidence data to curve simulated using measured source spectra. We employ bootstrapping statistics to quantify the resultant degree of precision. A scattershot approach is devised to effect a reduction in the experimental time required to characterize the interferometer. The efficacy of our characterization procedure is verified by numerical simulations.
Integrated RFA/OCT catheter for real-time guidance of cardiac RFA therapy(Conference Presentation) (2016)

Currently, cardiac radiofrequency ablation is guided by indirect signals. We demonstrate an integrated radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) probe for directly monitoring of the RFA procedure with OCT images in real time. The integrated RFA/OCT probe is modified from a standard commercial RFA catheter, and a newly designed and fabricated miniature forward-viewing cone-scanning OCT probe is integrated into the modified probe. The OCT system is verified with the human finger images, and the results show the integrated RFA/OCT probe can acquire high quality OCT images. The radiofrequency energy delivering function of the integrated probe is verified by comparing the RFA lesion sizes with standard commercial RFA probe. For the standard commercial probe, the average width and depth of the 10 lesions were 3.5 mm and 1.8 mm respectively. For the integrated RFA/OCT probe, the average width and depth of the 10 lesions were 3.6 mm and 1.7 mm respectively. The lesions created by the two probes are indistinguishable in size. This demonstrates that our glass window in the integrated probe has little effect on the RF energy delivery. And the integrated probe is used to monitoring the cardiac RFA procedure in real time. The results show that the RFA lesion formation can be confirmed by the loss of birefringence in the heart tissue. The system can potentially in vivo image of the cardiac wall to aid RFA therapy for cardiac arrhythmias.
EXAFS studies of nickel(II), nickel(I), and Ni(I)-CO tetraazamacrocycles and the crystal structure of (5,7,7,12,14,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4,11-diene)nickel(I) perchlorate (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEXAFS studies of nickel(II), nickel(I), and Ni(I)-CO tetraazamacrocycles and the crystal structure of (5,7,7,12,14,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4,11-diene)nickel(I) perchlorateLars R. Furenlid, Mark W. Renner, David J. Szalda, and Etsuko FujitaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 3, 883–892Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00003a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00003a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views723Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Stability of total nutrient admixtures with lipid injectable emulsions in glass versus plastic packaging (2007)

Certain lipid injectable emulsions packaged in plastic containers have baseline abnormal GSD profiles compared with those packaged in glass containers. When used to compound TNAs, the abnormal profile worsens and produces less stable TNAs than those compounded with lipid injectable emulsions packaged in glass containers.
Tyrosine-Kinase Dependent TGF-.BETA. and Extracellular Matrix Expression by Mechanical Stretch in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. (2000)

Vascular hypertrophy, which is characterized by proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), is a major pathological change in blood vessels after chronic exposure to hypertension. Blood pressure is transmitted to the arterial walls and counterbalanced by mechanical stress, leading to stretching of circumferentially oriented VSMC, which may play some role in the pathogenesis of vascular hypertrophy. The present study was designed, therefore, to investigate the effect of mechanical stretch on the expression of ECM components and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), a potent stimulator for ECM production, and to examine the signal transduction mechanisms of the induction of TGF-beta in cultured rat VSMC. VSMC were subjected to cyclic stretch to provide a maximal elongation of 20% at a rate of 60 cycles per minute for up to 24 h. Mechanical stretch stimulated TGF-beta1 mRNA expression in a time- and elongation-dependent manner. Indeed, the secretion of TGF-beta proteins into the culture media was increased after stretch. Stretch also stimulated mRNA expression of the ECM components, type I and type IV collagen, and fibronectin, which was largely inhibited by addition of neutralizing antibody against TGF-beta. The tyrosine kinase inhibitors genistein and herbimycin A blocked the induction of TGF-beta1 and type I collagen by stretch, while protein kinase C inhibitors, the calcium channel blockers nitrendipine and gadolinium, or Ca removal from the media had no effect. These results suggest that stretch-induced, tyrosine kinase-mediated autocrine/paracrine production of TGF-8 may play a critical role in the progression of vascular remodeling associated with high blood pressure.
Progranulin: A Proteolytically Processed Protein at the Crossroads of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration (2012)

GRN mutations cause frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43-positive inclusions. The mechanism of pathogenesis is haploinsufficiency. Recently, homozygous GRN mutations were detected in two patients with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, a lysosomal storage disease. It is unknown whether the pathogenesis of these two conditions is related. Progranulin is cleaved into smaller peptides called granulins. Progranulin and granulins are attributed with roles in cancer, inflammation, and neuronal physiology. Cell surface receptors for progranulin, but not granulin peptides, have been reported. Revealing the cell surface receptors and the intracellular functions of granulins and progranulin is crucial for understanding their contributions to neurodegeneration.
Sugar Surfactant-Based Solutions as Host Systems for Enzyme Activity Measurements (1999)

We used fluorogenic substrates, namely, alkyldiacyl glycerols labeled with a fluorophore and a fluorescence quencher, to measure lipase activities. For this optical lipase assay it is necessary that the water-insoluble fluorogenic substrates are dispersed in an aqueous medium in the presence of appropriate detergents in order to obtain well-defined and reproducible systems with high optical transparency. The activity of lipases critically depends on the supramolecular organization of the substrate. Therefore, we tested different solutions containing nonionic surfactants and organic phases for their potential use as host systems for fluorogenic lipids. We then determined the pseudoternary phase diagram for the system buffer−alkyl polyglucoside−hexanol, which showed the highest apparent enzyme activities, in the buffer corner. We performed structural investigations on micellar sugar surfactant solutions within the L1 phase with and without hexanol using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) in order to investigate a possible correlation between lipase activity and the structure of the aggregates present in the host system.
Green light-induced apoptosis in cancer cells by a tetrapyridyl ruthenium prodrug offering two trans coordination sites (2016)

In this work, two new photopharmacological ruthenium prodrugs are described that can be activated by green light. They are based on the tetrapyridyl biqbpy ligand (6,6'-bis[<i>N</i>-(isoquinolyl)-1-amino]-2,2'-bipyridine), which coordinates to the basal plane of the metal centre and leaves two <i>trans</i> coordination sites for the binding of monodentate sulphur ligands. Due to the distortion of the coordination sphere these <i>trans</i> ligands are photosubstituted by water upon green light irradiation. <i>In vitro</i> cytotoxicity data on A431 and A549 cancer cell lines shows an up to 22-fold increase in cytotoxicity after green light irradiation (520 nm, 75 J cm<sup>-2</sup>), compared to the dark control. Optical microscopy cell imaging and flow cytometry indicate that the cancer cells die <i>via</i> apoptosis. Meanwhile, very low singlet oxygen quantum yields (∼1-2%) and cell-free DNA binding studies conclude that light-induced cell death is not caused by a photodynamic effect, but instead by the changes induced in the coordination sphere of the metal by light, which modifies how the metal complexes bind to biomolecules.
Observation of Dual Room Temperature Fluorescence–Phosphorescence in Air, in the Crystal Form of a Thianthrene Derivative (2018)

Thianthrenes have been nearly forgotten as phosphors in recent years, but are now coming back, showing their strong potential in luminescent applications. Here, we present a comprehensive photophysical study of a carbazolyl derivative of thianthrene in different matrices and environments. The diffusion of oxygen is slowed down in the rigid environment of thianthrene organic crystals, suppressing their phosphorescence quenching.Triplet–triplet annihilation is also not significantly active in these systems. Both conditions facilitate the observation of simultaneous fluorescence and phosphorescence emissions at room temperature, in air, giving origin to strong white luminescence. Moreover, the color coordinates of the dual fluorescence–phosphorescence white emission, which is observed only in rigid amorphous media and in crystals, can be tuned.
A drink containing 5 amino acids and chromium picolinate decreases postprandial glucose: a meta-analysis of controlled trials (2018)

A drink containing 5 amino acids (AA) and chromium-picolinate (CrPic) has been shown to improve the postprandial glucose response in healthy lean and overweight individuals in controlled trials. The aim of this meta-analysis is to substantiate this finding and explore its efficacy in different subgroups.
OS0803-155 Damage Analysis of a Femur with Total Hip Arthroplasty by FEA with Use of Medical CT Images (2015)

In this study, a finite element model of a femur with a THA stem was developed using CT images of an old female patient. Damage analysis was then performed under different boundary conditions imitating different daily motions that may cause incident bone fracture. A damage theory was introduced to predict tensile and compressive fracture and also compressive yielding of elements. The FEA results exhibited that the Vancouver classification of bone fracture associated with THA can be predicted by CT-FEA with the damage theory.
Novel metrology for the DUV photolithography sequence (1998)

In-situ metrology promises to provide effective manufacturing line operation, reduced cycle times and improved process quality for semiconductor processing. The challenges in developing this technology lie in identifying useful and relatively simple observables in the lithography sequence, relating these observables to the final quantity of interest, developing simple but effective control strategies and finally, integrating this with the production line equipment. This paper reviews the opportunities for metrology and control in the DUV lithography sequence. Metrology for the pre coat, post soft bake, post bake and post develop steps is presented here.