gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fibroblast growth factor-4 enhanced G2 arrest and cell survival following ionizing radiation. (1994)

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) bind to cell membrane receptors and activate signal transduction pathways related to cell growth, angiogenesis, and tumorigenesis. FGFs have been shown to be abundantly expressed in some of the human tumors, which are known to be poorly responsive to radiation therapy. Using adrenal cortical carcinoma cells genetically engineered to express FGF-4, we have tested cellular survival following exposure to ionizing radiation. We report here that FGF-4 enhances cellular capacity to survive ionizing radiation. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis shows a pronounced increase in the duration of G2 arrest, suggesting perturbation of a cell cycle checkpoint. These findings implicate fibroblast growth factor-mediated signal transduction in cellular resistance of human tumors to radiation therapy.
A novel combination of oral / enema treatment for induction of remission in patients with mild / moderate distal Ulcerative Colitis (2011)

BackgroundA new ulcerative colitis (UC) remission therapy, based on published literature suggesting that ulcerative colitis flares may be related to increased levels of hydrogen peroxide or other reactive oxygen species in the colon, is being evaluated. The therapy consists of a multi-component enema and oral lipoic acid, each component of which is designed to reduce hydrogen peroxide, oxygen radicals or inflammation in the colon.
Phosphate interactions with proteins (1989)

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been used to investigate the interaction of yeast phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) with its phosphate containing substrates, ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG). The application of one-dimensional and, for the first time, two-dimensional proton NMR techniques to this large protein has enabled specific resonance assignments to be made. Assignment has been aided by the investigation of specifically deuterated protein and site-specific mutant forms of the protein, including the isolated N- and C-domains. The effects of ATP and 3-PG binding on the proton NMR spectrum of yeast PGK have been characterised and the assigned resonances used as local probes of structural and dynamic changes. Two binding sites have been determined for the nucleotide substrate, ATP, the occupancies of which are dependent on Mg<sup>2+</sup> concentration. One site corresponds to the catalytic site determined crystallographically. A single binding site was found for 3-PG. This binding was shown to cause highly specific conformational changes throughout the N-domain and the interdomain region, which involve the relative movement of at least three α-helices. Investigation of 3-PG binding to several site-specific mutant forms of yeast PGK revealed a critical role for arginine 168 in the propagation of these changes. The general binding of anions to yeast PGK was investigated using the paramagnetic probes [Cr(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3-</sup> and [Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3-</sup>, and the diamagnetic anion [Co(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3-</sup>. The primary anion binding site was determined from [Cr(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3-</sup> broadening data and found to share some side-chains involved in 3-PG binding, namely histidine 62 and arginine 168. Evidence for a secondary anion site was found. The anion binding data is discussed in view of the complex activation/inhibition effects of anions on the catalytic activity. Investigation of the isolated N- and C-domains showed that both can fold independently and confirmed that the C-domain is a nucleotide binding domain. It appears that the presence of the interdomain residues and/or the C-terminal peptide are necessary for 3-PG binding to the N-domain. This work shows that the specificity of the substrates is in binding, as expected, but also in the motions induced in the protein as a whole.
Container weld identification using portable laser scanners (2015)

Identification and integrity verification of sealed containers for security applications can be obtained by employing noninvasive portable optical systems. We present a portable laser range imaging system capable of identifying welds, a byproduct of a container’s physical sealing, with micrometer accuracy. It is based on the assumption that each weld has a unique three-dimensional (3-D) structure which cannot be copied or forged. We process the 3-D surface to generate a normalized depth map which is invariant to mechanical alignment errors and that is used to build compact signatures representing the weld. A weld is identified by performing cross correlations of its signature against a set of known signatures. The system has been tested on realistic datasets, containing hundreds of welds, yielding no false positives or false negatives and thus showing the robustness of the system and the validity of the chosen signature.
The 74 MHz System on the Very Large Array (2007)

The Naval Research Laboratory and the National Radio Astronomy Observatory completed implementation of a low frequency capability on the VLA at 73.8 MHz in 1998. This frequency band offers unprecedented sensitivity (~25 mJy/beam) and resolution (~25 arcsec) for low-frequency observations. We review the hardware, the calibration and imaging strategies, comparing them to those at higher frequencies, including aspects of interference excision and wide-field imaging. Ionospheric phase fluctuations pose the major difficulty in calibrating the array. Over restricted fields of view or at times of extremely quiescent ionospheric ``weather'', an angle-invariant calibration strategy can be used. In this approach a single phase correction is devised for each antenna, typically via self-calibration. Over larger fields of view or at times of more normal ionospheric ``weather'' when the ionospheric isoplanatic patch size is smaller than the field of view, we adopt a field-based strategy in which the phase correction depends upon location within the field of view. This second calibration strategy was implemented by modeling the ionosphere above the array using Zernike polynomials. Images of 3C sources of moderate strength are provided as examples of routine, angle-invariant calibration and imaging. Flux density measurements indicate that the 74 MHz flux scale at the VLA is stable to a few percent, and tied to the Baars et al. value of Cygnus A at the 5 percent level. We also present an example of a wide-field image, devoid of bright objects and containing hundreds of weaker sources, constructed from the field-based calibration. We close with a summary of lessons the 74 MHz system offers as a model for new and developing low-frequency telescopes. (Abridged)
A best-fit probability distribution for the estimation of rainfall in northern regions of Pakistan (2016)

Abstract This study was designed to find the best-fit probability distribution of annual maximum rainfall based on a twenty-four-hour sample in the northern regions of Pakistan using four probability distributions: normal, log-normal, log-Pearson type-III and Gumbel max. Based on the scores of goodness of fit tests, the normal distribution was found to be the best-fit probability distribution at the Mardan rainfall gauging station. The log-Pearson type-III distribution was found to be the best-fit probability distribution at the rest of the rainfall gauging stations. The maximum values of expected rainfall were calculated using the best-fit probability distributions and can be used by design engineers in future research.
Surface and Volumetric Phenomena on Polyaniline-Supported Electrocatalysts (2021)

Conducting polymers have been used as support for catalysts toward distinct electrocatalytic reactions. The overall activity of the modified interfaces critically depends on both the processes on the catalyst surface and on the charge compensation within the polymer matrix. Therefore, understanding the coupling between surface and volumetric processes in such systems is of utmost importance. In this contribution, we report on the experimental investigation of the interplay between surface and volumetric processes during the electro-oxidation of formic acid (and also formaldehyde) on platinum-modified polyaniline electrodes. The study was performed through in situ nanogravimetry with the electrochemical quartz crystal nanobalance (EQCN). We have explored the dynamics of charge and mass changes along several experimental conditions, including the self-organized potential oscillations. The systematic study included the analysis of several configurations: gold electrodes covered with a PANI film and dispersed platinum (Au/PANI/Pt), platinum electrodes covered with PANI (Pt/PANI), and bare platinum electrodes. The methodology introduced includes the detailed analysis of the charge compensation process and time derivative of the mass variations. Typical results for the electro-oxidation of formic acid on PANI-supported platinum indicate that the electrocatalysis itself is reflected in the current profile, whereas the charge compensation rules the gravimetric response. This general observation also holds for the oscillatory electro-oxidation of formic acid. The physicochemical description of the support/catalyst systems described here opens interesting perspectives for the investigation of parent systems.
Investigations of the high-frequency dynamic properties of polymeric systems with quartz crystal resonators (2020)

Opportunities arising from the use of the rheometric quartz crystal microbalance (RheoQCM) as a fixed frequency rheometer operating at 15 MHz are discussed. The technique requires the use of films in a specified thickness range that depends on the mechanical properties of the material of interest. A regime map quantifying the appropriate thicknesses is developed, based on the properties of a highly crosslinked epoxy sample that is representative of a broad class of polymeric materials. Relative errors in the measured film properties are typically in the range of several percent or less and are minimized by using a power law model to relate the rheological properties at two different resonant harmonics of the quartz crystal. Application of the RheoQCM technique is illustrated by measuring the temperature- and molecular weight-dependent properties of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) in the vicinity of the glass transition.
Ethyl Pyruvate Provides Durable Protection Against Inflammation-Induced Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction (2003)

Ethyl pyruvate (EP) has been shown to be an effective anti-inflammatory agent. Herein, we sought to test the following hypotheses: 1) the pharmacological effects of EP persist after cells have been exposed to the compound in vitro, even if the cultures are washed to minimize the amount of EP that is retained in the media; 2) the pharmacological effects of EP persist in vivo, even after waiting a prolonged period (i.e., 6 h) after the last dose of the compound; and 3) the in vivo pharmacological effects of EP are distinct from those of the closely related compound, sodium pyruvate. Incubation of Caco-2 human enterocyte-like monolayers with cytomix, a mixture of interleukin-1beta, interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor, increased permeability to the fluorescent macromolecule, FITC-labeled Dextran (mol wt 4,000 Da). Co-incubation of the cells with 5 mM EP ameliorated cytomix-induced hyperpermeability and induction of iNOS mRNA expression. EP was associated with similar pharmacological effects when cells were pre-incubated with the compound for 24 h prior and then washed extensively prior to adding the cytokine cocktail. Injecting C57Bl/6 mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in gut barrier dysfunction and hepatocellular injury. Although equivalent doses of both EP and sodium pyruvate ameliorated these phenomena, EP was more efficacious than pyruvate. Pretreatment with EP ameliorated the deleterious effects of LPS, even when the duration between the last dose of EP and the endotoxic challenge was 6 h. We conclude that EP provides durable protection against some of the deleterious effects of LPS or pro-inflammatory cytokines.
The UAS of the yeast<i>PGK</i>gene contains functionally distinct domains (1987)

The upstream activation site (UAS) of the yeast phosphoglycerate kinase gene (PGK) has been localised by deletion analysis (1). Here we show that the UASPGK contains two functionally distinct domains. These two domains, designated activator (A) and modulator (M), appear to be located within bases -460 to -402 and -531 to -461, respectively, relative to the initiating ATG; although it is possible that part of the M domain resides within the A domain. They have been shown, using a heterologous assay promoter, to have distinct transcriptional functions. Domain A is responsible for activation of transcription whilst domain M is required for carbon source dependent regulation of transcription. Protein-DNA binding studies have demonstrated that the DNA fragment containing domain M has high affinity for at least one specific DNA-binding protein, whilst domain A does not appear to interact strongly in protein-binding assays under the same conditions. The domain M binding activity is dependent on the carbon source in the growth medium and may be functional in the carbon source control of PGK expression.
Electrochemically Induced Nanobubbles between Graphene and Mica (2016)

We present a new method to create dynamic nanobubbles. The nanobubbles are created between graphene and mica by reducing intercalated water to hydrogen. The nanobubbles have a typical radius of several hundred nanometers, a height of a few tens of nanometers and an internal pressure in the range of 0.5-8 MPa. Our approach paves the way to the realization of nanobubbles of which both size and internal pressure are tunable.
Bounds on the rate of disjunctive codes (in Russian) (2016)

A binary code is called a superimposed cover-free $(s,\ell)$-code if the code is identified by the incidence matrix of a family of finite sets in which no intersection of $\ell$ sets is covered by the union of $s$ others. A binary code is called a superimposed list-decoding $s_L$-code if the code is identified by the incidence matrix of a family of finite sets in which the union of any $s$ sets can cover not more than $L-1$ other sets of the family. For $L=\ell=1$, both of the definitions coincide and the corresponding binary code is called a superimposed $s$-code. Our aim is to obtain new lower and upper bounds on the rate of the given codes. In particular, we derive lower bounds on the rates of a superimposed cover-free $(s,\ell)$-code and list-decoding $s_L$-code based on the ensemble of constant weight binary codes. Also, we establish an upper bound on the rate of superimposed list-decoding $s_L$-code.
Ein Multi-Agentensystem fur Selbststeuerung in der Transportlogistik (2007)

Diese Veroffentlichung beschreibt einen neuartigen Ansatz zur Umsetzung von Selbststeuerung in der Transportlogistik. Selbststeuerung ist notwendig, um die Komplexitat heutiger und zukunftiger Lieferketten handhabbar zu gestalten. Diese Selbststeuerung bedingt Mobilitat und deren Aspekte reichen von mobiler Kommunikation uber die Migrationsfahigkeit von Softwareagenten bis hin zur Kopplung zwischen realer und virtueller Welt, also der Mobilitat der Information. Durch den Einsatz modernster IuK-Technologien wie RFID, Sensornetze, mobile Kommunikationsnetze und Softwareagenten werden diese Konzepte im Rahmen eines Demonstratorsystems fur Selbststeuerung in der Logistik umgesetzt.
Spectral frequency modulation in vowel identification (2004)

Psychophysical and physiological studies have demonstrated selectivity for spectral envelope frequency (also termed spatial frequency) in the auditory system, suggesting that auditory perception of complex sounds might be based on spectral envelope channels. The present study investigated relative contribution of different spatial frequencies to vowel identification. Twelve naturally-spoken American-English vowels were presented at 70 dB SPL. In different conditions, vowel stimuli were subjected to various degrees of low-pass and high-pass filtering in the spatial frequency domain, in effect, altering their spectra. Identification performance for the vowels with and without spatial frequency filtering was estimated for normal-hearing listeners. Results indicated that vowel identification performance was progressively degraded as spatial-frequency components were removed. Results will be interpreted in terms of spatial frequency regions most important to specific vowel categories. The specificity and universality of spatial frequency modulations in vowel identification across different vowel categories will be discussed.
Effect of Acid Rain to Heavy Metal Leaching from Municipal Solid Waste Ash. (1994)

一般廃棄物焼却灰埋立地からの重金属溶出に及ぼす雨水酸性化の影響に関して, 屋内カラム通水実験により検討した。実験は, 焼却残灰およびEP灰を用いて, 16年分の降水量に相当する模擬酸性雨水 (pH2.0～pH5.8) を通水して行なった.主要な知見は次の2点である. (1) 現時点での酸性雨とほぼ同じ程度の模擬酸性雨水 (pH4.0) によっても, 水道水 (pH5.8) に比べて, 焼却残灰からの重金属 (Pb, Zn, Fe) 及びCaの溶出量はそれぞれ11～50%及び85%増加し, EP灰からの重金属 (Pb, Cd, Zn, Fe) の溶出量は15～90%増加した. (2) 重金属の溶出量及び溶出率を焼却残灰とEP灰とで比較すると, 通水pHによらず, 溶出率はPb, Zn, FeともにEP灰が高いが, 溶出量はPb, ZnはEP灰が多くFeは焼却残灰が多かった.
Plasmonic Enhancement of Raman Optical Activity in Molecules near Metal Nanoshells: Theoretical Comparison of Circular Polarization Methods (2010)

Surface-enhanced Raman optical activity (SEROA) in molecules near a spherical metal nanoshell is examined for different experimental polarization schemes. This is accomplished within extended Mie theory, including both the nanoparticle surface plasmon modes and the radiating molecular multipole fields. Analytical simplification of the scattering expansion is accomplished through judicious use of the spherical harmonic addition theorem. Special attention is paid to the dependence of backscatter circular polarization difference signals on molecular direction from the spherical nanoparticle and to the conditions that ensure the differences occur only for molecules of chiral character. Dual circular polarization strategies are determined to have special advantages in these circumstances, and the corresponding excitation profiles for a simple chiroptical model are analyzed in detail to suggest preferred excitation wavelengths.
A modular multicasting algorithm with a contour discovery approach (2006)

This thesis presents an innovative approach to multicasting algorithms design. Our approach herein is based on two main components; the first is our proposed contour discovery algorithm, while the second is the proposed multicasting algorithm that is based on the contour discovery algorithm. 
We develop an algorithm for finding the shortest distance - in terms of the number of hops - from a node identified as a source to unknown nodes located by the outskirts of a network. Several distances are found through each neighbor of the source node to determine the contour of the network. The accuracy of the found contour relies on our outward propagation mechanism which propagates discovery packets strictly in an outward direction relative to the source node. This algorithm is based on the deployment and return of discovery packets. 
Based on the found contour we develop a Distributed Multicast Algorithm which uses that information to create modules on appropriate regions of a network. This algorithm deals with the following issues: (a) neighbor discovery, (b) neighborhood exchange, (c) multicast advertisement, (d) multicast registration, and (e) data distribution. The main goal of this algorithm is to minimize the multicast delivery delay, that is, the time between the beginning of the reception of a packet by the first group member and the end of the reception of the same packet by the last member. 
Performance metrics covered include coverage time, multicast delivery delay, and network congestion. Performance evaluation through simulation observations show that the probability of missing a node during the discovery process is near zero for several topologies with different network sizes and different origination points. It is also shown that the multicast delivery delay in our distributed multicasting decreases on the average by a factor of 0.6 compared to that in non-distributed multicasting when the two algorithms are tested on the same topologies and network sizes. On the other hand, the packet delivery ratio, that is, the number of multicasting packets delivered versus the number of multicasting packets supposed to be received is near one for moderate multicast group sizes and data rates. Other outcomes achieved by the implementation of modularity are: Distribution of acknowledgement implosion among several nodes in the network, obtain multicast source registration, and avoid broadcast storming.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Critical Function for Nuclear Envelope Protein TMEM209 in Human Pulmonary Carcinogenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 61K, Expression of CDC25A and CDK1 in clinical lung cancer samples&lt;/p&gt;
Feasibility and Effects of a Supervised Exercise Program Suitable for Independent Training at Home on Physical Function and Quality of Life in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study (2020)

<b>Introduction:</b> Head and neck cancer patients often suffer from physical and cognitive impairments after cancer treatment. During rehabilitation, exercise therapy can improve physical function and quality of life (QoL). Surveys demonstrated patients' preference for home training with low- to moderate-intensity. This study was conducted in order to develope a suitable home-based training program. Therefore, the feasibility and effects of a low- to moderate-intensity exercise intervention on physical functions and QoL were evaluated. <b>Methods:</b> Training was conducted as supervised group training and consisted of mobilization, coordination, resistance, stretching, and relaxation exercises. The intervention lasted 12 weeks with 2 training sessions per week. Feasibility, attendance rate, physical function (eg, range of motion, 6-minute walk test [6MWT]), and QoL (eg, EORTC QLQ-30) were analyzed. <b>Results:</b> Ten out of 12 participants completed the intervention (83%) with an average attendance rate of 83%. Participants showed significant improvements in selected physical functions. For example, head rotation increased by 11.2° (<i>P</i> = .042), walking distance in the 6MWT increased by an average of 43.3 m (<i>P</i> = .010), and the global QoL scale improved by 8.2 points (<i>P</i> = .059). Additionally, there were positive changes in the physical function scale (<i>P</i> = .008), cognitive function scale (<i>P</i> = .015), and social function scale (<i>P</i> = .031) of the EORTC QLQ-30. <b>Conclusion</b>: Data indicate that the exercise program was feasible and had positive effects on physical function and QoL. Future research will analyze the effects of a home-based exercise program on physical function and QoL in a large-scale study.