gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tunable photonic cavities for in-situ spectroscopic trace gas detection (2009)

Compact tunable optical cavities are provided for in-situ NIR spectroscopy. MEMS-tunable VCSEL platforms represents a solid foundation for a new class of compact, sensitive and fiber compatible sensors for fieldable, real-time, multiplexed gas detection systems. Detection limits for gases with NIR cross-sections such as O2, CH4, COx and NOx have been predicted to approximately span from 10ths to 10s of parts per million. Exemplary oxygen detection design and a process for 760 nm continuously tunable VCSELS is provided. This technology enables in-situ self-calibrating platforms with adaptive monitoring by exploiting Photonic FPGAs.
PdC4a. The active control of sound reflection/transmission coefficients using piezoelectric composite materials (1992)

Abstract An active noise control device has been fabricated using a 0–3 piezo-composite sensor and actuator. This device has been used with a fast feedback electronic system. The reflection and transmission coefficients have been measured in a pulse tube. The energy was reduced by up to 0. 5 in active noise reduction mode and increased by up to 0. 17 in active noise enhancement mode from 1. 5 to 8. 5kHz. With an air backed noise control device, the echo reduction was increased by up to 12dB from 1 to 8kHz.
Resonant techniques for studying the complex electrodynamic response of conducting solids in the millimeter and submillimeter wave spectral range (1995)

In order to study the electrodynamic properties of highly conducting materials in the millimeter and submillimeter wave range, we have developed two resonant techniques which allow us to measure the complex conductivity of metals with unprecedented accuracy. In the frequency range from 8 to 37 cm−1, we employ a Fabry–Perot resonator consisting of a dielectric plate in optical contact with the sample; in the millimeter wave range (1–3 cm−1) the resonant structure is a copper cavity which is perturbed by replacing the endplate by the sample. The purpose of a resonant structure for measuring material parameters is to increase the interaction of the electromagnetic radiation with the material. In so doing, these two resonant structures not only improve the sensitivity of the measurement but also allow for the direct determination of both components of the complex optical parameters of the material.
Biosynthese von Moniliformin, einem Toxin aus Schimmelpilzen mit Cyclobutendion-Struktur (1984)

Die mit der Quadratsäure 2 verwandte Titelverbindung 1 wird in hohen Konzentrationen von den Maisschimmelpilzen Fusarium moniliforme und Gibberella fujikuroi gebildet. Inkorporationsversuche mit radioaktiven Vorstufen ergaben, daß dieses Mycotoxin über eine tautomere Zwischenstufe aus zwei Acetateinheiten gebildet wird.
Induction of plasmacytoid differentiation by phorbol ester in B-cell lymphoma cell lines bearing 8;14 translocations. (1984)

At nanomolar concentrations, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induced differentiation in a human Epstein-Barr virus-negative B-cell line, JD 38, derived from an undifferentiated lymphoma and containing an 8;14 translocation. The changes induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate were consistent with differentiation towards plasma cells and included (i) a marked increase (30-fold) in IgM secretion; (ii) a decrease in the nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio associated with the development of a single prominent nucleolus instead of multiple nucleoli; (iii) the development of parallel arrays of rough endoplasmic reticulum, eccentric nuclei, and marginated heterochromatin; (iv) a reduction in the expression of surface markers, including common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen, IgM, and C3 receptors. Essentially all cells showed plasmacytoid differentiation, although the degree varied. Rare cells (less than 1%) appeared to be terminally differentiated into plasma cells. The increase in secreted IgM was preceded by a small increase in mu-chain RNA, with an increase in the ratio of secreted to membrane form. A small increase in c-myc RNA was also detected with differentiation. This might reflect coordinate regulation of the transcription of immunoglobulin and the translocated c-myc gene. Thus, the maturational arrest of this lymphoma cell line can be overcome with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, indicating that translocation of the c-myc gene does not permanently block the capacity for differentiation. Further, this gene continues to be expressed to at least the same level during cell maturation. Similar ultrastructural changes were induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in four of seven additional lines studied.
Automated Microscopy to Evaluate Surgical Specimens Via Touch Prep in Breast Cancer (2009)

This preliminary study using an automated system for intraoperative interpretation does not require a cytopathologist and shows that rapid, low-resolution imaging can correctly identify cancer cells for invasive carcinoma in surgical specimens. Therefore, automated determination of cellularity in touch prep is a promising technique for future margin interpretation of breast conservation therapy.
Supplementary Figures 1, 3 and 4 from Epigenetic Resensitization to Platinum in Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 284K, Supplementary Figure 1: LINE-1 demethylation in PBMC (A and B) and tumor biopsies (C) separated by group (PFS&gt;6months or &lt; 6months). Supplementary Figure 2: Full Heat Map shows all 842 unique hypermethylated genes for PFS &gt;6 months and 283 genes for PFS &lt;6 months. Methylation levels are color coded from green, � value =0, to red, � value =1. Supplementary Figure 3: Demethylation induced by decitabine in biopsy samples. (A) A map of enriched functional clusters for genes demethylated by decitabine in biopsy samples based on DAVID functional annotation clustering. The size of the bars and the circles represent the enrichment score and the gene count, respectively. Detailed information regarding lists of gene members of each cluster is provided in Supplementary Table S2. (B) The pathways enriched by unique demethylated genes in the 2 groups. Supplementary Figure 4: HOXA11 methylation levels (A) HOXA11 DNA methylation levels in patient biopsies measured by pyrosequencing on days 1 and 8. Bars/error bars represent mean +/- SD. (B) Treatment induced hypomethylation of HOXA11 in tumor biopsies in patients with PFS &gt;6 months vs. &lt; 6 months (P &lt;0.01). Bars/error bars represent mean +/- SD. (C) Baseline methylation levels of HOXA11 in tumors or ascites correlate with PFS.&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Biocatalytic Synthesis of Oligosaccharides (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Analyzing learning dynamics: How to average? (2000)

Pattern-based learning processes are usually analyzed by means of probability density functions of the weights or moments thereof. During the derivation of these equations, some averaging has to be performed. We show that the manner of averaging is crucial for the results of the analysis. We do this by comparing two types of analysis (Langevin type and discrete-time moments) for one learning system.
ATM shared-memory switching architectures (1994)

ATM will provide flexibility in bandwidth allocation and will allow a network to carry heterogeneous services ranging from narrowband to wideband services. The challenge is to build fast packet switches able to match the high speeds of the input links and the high performance requirements imposed. The CCITT has standardized the asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) as the multiplexing and switching principle for the broadband integrated services digital network (B-ISDN). ATM is a packet and connection-oriented transfer mode based on statistical time division multiplexing techniques. The information flow is organized in fixed-size packets called cells, consisting of a user information field (48 octets) and a header (5 octets). The primary use of the header tag is to identify cells belonging to the same virtual channel and to make routing possible. Cell sequence on a virtual channel is preserved, a very low cell loss probability must be guaranteed (< 10/sup -/12), and intensive error and flow control protocols are provided at the edges of the network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
An analysis of some common scanning techniques for lossless image coding (2002)

We analyze the performance of context-based lossless image coding techniques in conjunction with the Hilbert and raster scans. Our analysis shows that, under certain reasonable assumptions, the raster scan is indeed better than the Hilbert scan, thereby dispelling the popular notion that using a Hilbert scan would always lead to improved performance.
Estimating the amount of gas hydrate and free gas from marine seismic data (2000)

Abstract Marine seismic data and well-log measurements at the Blake Ridge offshore South Carolina show that prominent seismic bottom-simulating reflectors (BSRs) are caused by sediment layers with gas hydrate overlying sediments with free gas. We apply a theoretical rock-physics model to 2-D Blake Ridge marine seismic data to determine gas-hydrate and free-gas saturation. High-porosity marine sediment is modeled as a granular system where the elastic wave velocities are linked to porosity; effective pressure; mineralogy; elastic properties of the pore-filling material; and water, gas, and gas-hydrate saturation of the pore space. To apply this model to seismic data, we first obtain interval velocity using stacking velocity analysis. Next, all input parameters to the rock-physics model, except porosity and water, gas, and gas hydrate saturation, are estimated from geologic information. To estimate porosity and saturation from interval velocity, we first assume that the entire sediment does not contain gas hydrate or free gas. Then we use the rock-physics model to calculate porosity directly from the interval velocity. Such porosity profiles appear to have anomalies where gas hydrate and free gas are present (as compared to typical profiles expected and obtained in sediment without gas hydrate or gas). Porosity is underestimated in the hydrate region and is overestimated in the free-gas region. We calculate the porosity residuals by subtracting a typical porosity profile (without gas hydrate and gas) from that with anomalies. Next we use the rock-physics model to eliminate these anomalies by introducing gas-hydrate or gas saturation. As a result, we obtain the desired 2-D saturation map. The maximum gas-hydrate saturation thus obtained is between 13% and 18% of the pore space (depending on the version of the model used). These saturation values are consistent with those measured in the Blake Ridge wells (away from the seismic line), which are about 12%. Free-gas saturation varies between 1% and 2%. The saturation estimates are extremely sensitive to the input velocity values. Therefore, accurate velocity determination is crucial for correct reservoir characterization.
PAPR Reduction Methods for Eigenmode MIMO-OFDM Transmission (2009)

This paper proposes methods that can reduce peak- to-average power ratio (PAPR) while maintaining performance improvement by linear precoding for the eigenmode MIMO- OFDM transmission. In the eigenmode MIMO-OFDM system, a transmitter performs linear precoding using channel state information (CSI), and thus excellent transmission performance can be achieved. However, the transmitted signal still has high PAPR because of OFDM characteristics. To reduce such PAPR, this paper enhances selected mapping (SLM) and partial transmit sequence (PTS) which are known as PAPR reduction methods for OFDM. The enhanced methods, which are referred to as eigenmode transmission SLM (EM-SLM) and eigenmode transmission PTS (EM-PTS), can be applied to the eigenmode MIMO- OFDM without any performance degradation. Computer simulations demonstrate that in 4times4 MIMO-OFDM, the proposed methods can drastically reduce PAPR, and thus they can alleviate performance degradation due to nonlinear amplification.
Aluminum and gallium complexes of 1-ethyl-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridinone: a new exoclathrate matrix (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAluminum and gallium complexes of 1-ethyl-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridinone: a new exoclathrate matrixWilliam O. Nelson, Steven J. Rettig, and Chris OrvigCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 16, 3153–3157Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00315a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00315a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views164Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Pyrazine-incorporating panchromatic sensitizers for dye sensitized solar cells under one sun and dim light (2018)

DSSCs fabricated from benzo[3,4-<italic>b</italic>]pyrazine-based metal-free sensitizers have efficiencies of 9.03% under 1 sun and 18.95% under 300 lux irradiance.
Image diagnosis in hospital using Personal Computer (1999)

As an example of image analysis and diagnosis which are done in use of personal compute in the hospital, we indtroduce a quantitative analysis of pulmonary emphysema. The cause of pulmonary emphysema is smoking and this disease expands bronchiolar and alveolar besides destroying them. The criteria (standardization) of qualitative evaluation and diagnosis in use of computed tomography with few stimulation are expected on this account. We use the NIH Image, an image soft of personal computer, and carried out quanlitatve grasp of picture of inspiratory and expiratory of lungs both healthy and emphysema The evaluation index of emphysema was shown at the meeting for the study of pulmonary emphysema in 1999, and with this index, we tried a comparison and reevaluation of our analysis result of NIH Image.
Minimalistic Image Signal Processing for Deep Learning Applications (2019)

In-sensor energy-efficient deep learning accelerators have the potential to enable the use of deep neural networks in embedded vision applications. However, their negative impact on accuracy has been severely underestimated. The inference pipeline used in prior in-sensor deep learning accelerators bypasses the image signal processor (ISP), thereby disrupting the conventional vision pipeline and undermining accuracy of machine learning algorithms trained on conventional, post-ISP datasets. For example, the detection accuracy of an off-the-shelf Faster RCNN algorithm in a vehicle detection scenario reduces by 60%. To make in-sensor accelerators practical, we describe energy-efficient operations that yield most of the benefits of an ISP and reduce covariate shift between the training (ISP processed images) and target (RAW images) distributions. For the vehicle detection problem, our approach improves accuracy by 25-60%. Relative to the conventional ISP pipeline, energy consumption and response time improve by 30% and 34%, respectively.
Rapid Detection of Rifampin Resistance in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Isolates by Heteroduplex Analysis and Determination of Rifamycin Cross-Resistance in Rifampin-Resistant Isolates (2003)

Direct heteroduplex analysis and a universal heteroduplex generator assay were performed to detect rifampin resistance rapidly in Turkish Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. Cross-resistance to rifapentine, rifabutin, and rifalazil was investigated. A relationship between specific mutations and resistance patterns, which can guide the choice of an appropriate therapeutic regimen for tuberculosis patients, was identified.
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Receptor–1 (TNFp55) Signal Transduction and Macrophage‐Derived Soluble TNF Are Crucial for Nitric Oxide–Mediated<i>Trypanosoma congolense</i>Parasite Killing (2007)

Control of Trypanosoma congolense infections requires an early cell-mediated immune response. To unravel the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in this process, 6 different T. congolense strains were used in 6 different gene-deficient mouse models that included TNF(-/-), TNF receptor-1 (TNFp55)(-/-), and TNF receptor-2 (TNFp75)(-/-) mice, 2 cell type-specific TNF(-/-) mice, as well as TNF-knock-in mice that expressed only membrane-bound TNF. Our results indicate that soluble TNF produced by macrophages/neutrophils and TNFp55 signaling are essential and sufficient to control parasitemia. The downstream mechanism in the control of T. congolense infection depends on inducible nitric oxide synthase activation in the liver. Such a role for nitric oxide is corroborated ex vivo, because the inhibitor N(G)-monomethyl-l-arginine blocks the trypanolytic activity of the adherent liver cell population, whereas exogenous interferon- gamma that stimulates nitric oxide production enhances parasite killing. In conclusion, the control of T. congolense infection depends on macrophage/neutrophil-derived soluble TNF and intact TNFp55 signaling, which induces trypanolytic nitric oxide.
Epac1/Rap1 and Rnd3 signaling pathways inhibit hemorrhagic shock‐induced venular hyperpermeability (2011)

Hemorrhagic shock (HS) causes significant microvascular leakage in the gut, which complicates resuscitation in shock patients. Our goal is to target signaling pathways that will improve microvascular barrier integrity following HS. We tested the hypothesis that activation of the Epac1/Rap1 pathway, or introducing excess Rnd3 protein to inhibit Rho/ROCK signaling, can reduce HS‐induced hyperpermeability in mesenteric venules. We utilized a model of fixed‐pressure HS in conscious, unrestrained rats. Rats were then anesthetized and the intestinal mesentery was excised to isolate venules for study. The permeability coefficient for FITC‐albumin (Ps) was determined in isolated, perfused, mesenteric venules (70–120 μm) from HS and control rats. The selective Epac1 activator 8‐pCPT‐2′‐O‐Me‐cAMP (8CPT), cell‐permeable (CP)‐Rnd3 protein, or no treatment was then applied to the venules from HS rats. The results show that venules from the HS rats had 5‐fold higher Ps than control. 8‐CPT and CP‐Rnd3 both caused a gradual decrease in Ps in HS venules, that was significantly different from untreated HS venules by the 30 min. time point. Our data suggest that Epac1 and Rnd3 both promote microvascular barrier integrity. In addition, 8CPT and CP‐Rnd3 can be used to reduce HS‐induced venular hyperpermeability. Supported by NIH P20RR018766 and a grant from the American Heart Association.
Improved density of states Monte Carlo method based on recycling of rejected states (2006)

In this paper a new algorithm is presented that improves the efficiency of Wang and Landau algorithm or density of states (DOS) Monte Carlo simulations by employing rejected states. The algorithm is shown to have a performance superior to that of the original Wang-Landau [F. Wang and D. P. Landau, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2050 (2001)] algorithm and the more recent configurational temperature DOS algorithm. The performance of the method is illustrated in the context of results for the Lennard-Jones fluid.
Channel Adaptation based on Cyclo-Stationary Noise Characteristics in PLC Systems (2006)

As power line communication (PLC) systems become more pervasive, there is increasing demand for new generations of PLC systems that enable bandwidth intensive applications like audio/video streaming and broadband access. To achieve the data rates necessary to support such applications within the current regulatory constraints, PLC systems should exploit the inherent characteristics of the power line channel that enable a more aggressive and optimized channel adaptation. One such characteristic is the cyclic variation of the noise power with the phase of the underlying AC line cycle. In this paper, we use extensive channel characterization measurements and analysis to investigate the performance enhancements that can be achieved by using a channel adaptation mechanism that exploits the cyclic variation in power line noise characteristics. The results show that a 30% improvement in physical layer (PHY) data rates can be obtained by continuously adapting to, and synchronizing communications with, the AC line cycle. Since continuous adaptation with respect to time is unduly complex for practical systems, we propose dividing the AC line cycle into multiple regions and adapting independently in each region. Results show that using a region size of 1-2 milliseconds provides optimal MAC throughput on most paths tested
Target-Specific Nanoparticle Polyplex Down-Regulates Mutant Kras to Prevent Pancreatic Carcinogenesis and Halt Tumor Progression (2023)

Survival from pancreatic cancer is poor because most cancers are diagnosed in the late stages and there are no therapies to prevent the progression of precancerous pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasms (PanINs). Inhibiting mutant <i>KRAS</i><sup>G12D</sup>, the primary driver mutation in most human pancreatic cancers, has been challenging. The cholecystokinin-B receptor (CCK-BR) is absent in the normal pancreas but becomes expressed in high grade PanIN lesions and is over-expressed in pancreatic cancer making it a prime target for therapy. We developed a biodegradable nanoparticle polyplex (NP) that binds selectively to the CCK-BR on PanINs and pancreatic cancer to deliver gene therapy. PanIN progression was halted and the pancreas extracellular matrix rendered less carcinogenic in <i>P48-Cre/LSL-Kras<sup>G12D/+</sup></i> mice treated with the CCK-BR targeted NP loaded with siRNA to mutant <i>Kras</i>. The targeted NP also slowed proliferation, decreased metastases and improved survival in mice bearing large orthotopic pancreatic tumors. Safety and toxicity studies were performed in immune competent mice after short or long-term exposure and showed no off-target toxicity by histological or biochemical evaluation. Precision therapy with target-specific NPs provides a novel approach to slow progression of advanced pancreatic cancer and also prevents the development of pancreatic cancer in high-risk subjects without toxicity to other tissues.
High-performance software rasterization on GPUs (2011)

In this paper, we implement an efficient, completely software-based graphics pipeline on a GPU. Unlike previous approaches, we obey ordering constraints imposed by current graphics APIs, guarantee hole-free rasterization, and support multisample antialiasing. Our goal is to examine the performance implications of not exploiting the fixed-function graphics pipeline, and to discern which additional hardware support would benefit software-based graphics the most.