gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
&lt;title&gt;Development of a new optical fiber epifluorescence biosensor system&lt;/title&gt; (1992)

This paper describes the development of a novel biosensor system for competitive binding immunofluorescence assay. The system is based on a specially designed fluorescence microscope combined with optical fibers. Protein A is covalently immobilized on the activated sensing tip surface of a quartz fiber or on the activated surface of glass cover slips. The surface is then incubated with rabbit IgG to reach a reasonable binding density and homogeneous distribution for adequate detectability. The sensor is exposed to FITC labeled and unlabeled goat anti-rabbit IgG. Fluorescence of sensor bound analyte, excited by an Argon ion laser 476 nm line and emitted from the sensing tip or sensing spot on the sample slips, is coupled back into the fiber and detected by the highly sensitive sensing system. The fluorescence signal is inversely proportional to the concentration of unlabeled anti-rabbit IgG in the sample. Sensor's limitation of detection has been lowered to a concentration level of 10<SUP>-10</SUP> M and 10 - 20 (mu) l sample volume. Typically, 6 f mol of unlabeled antibody in a 15 (mu) l sample volume and with a 10 - 20 min incubation period, could be measured.
Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Using the Opus Knotless Suture Anchor Fixation System (2009)

Arthroscopic knotless suture fixation with the Opus AutoCuff device results in good to excellent results similar to those reported in the literature with conventional suture anchors.
Nitrogen removal from natural gas using two types of membranes (2023)

A process for treating natural gas or other methane-rich gas to remove excess nitrogen. The invention relies on two-stage membrane separation, using methane-selective membranes for the first stage and nitrogen-selective membranes for the second stage. The process enables the nitrogen content of the gas to be substantially reduced, without requiring the membranes to be operated at very low temperatures.
Axisymmetric Gregorian Reflector System for a Space-Deployed Inflatable Antenna: Simulations and Measurements (2019)

An axisymmetric array-fed confocal parabolic Gregorian reflector antenna system for potential space deployment is explored. The simulated antenna at Ku-band utilizes a planar array located near the vertex of the primary reflector. Numerical electromagnetic simulations based on the multilevel fast multipole method (MLFMM) were used to analyze and optimize the antenna parameters for fixed on-axis peak directivity performance at Ku-band. Simulations of the radiation pattern performance of the dual reflector system with a 2.4m diameter primary reflector and 0.25m diameter subreflector operating at Ku band are presented. Compact range measurements of a prototype inflatable reflector system with an X-band horn-lens feed are compared with simulations.
Core Isolation of Critical Arrhythmia Elements for Treatment of Multiple Scar-Based Ventricular Tachycardias (2015)

CI is a novel strategy with a discrete and measurable end point beyond VT inducibility to treat patients with multiple or unmappable VTs. The CI region can be selected based on standard characterization of suspected VT isthmus surrogates thus limiting ablation target size. Exit block within the isolated area is achievable in most and may further improve long-term success.
The incidence and prevention of symptomatic thromboembolic disease following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. (2007)

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are significant concerns following lower extremity arthroplasty. Many prevention protocols exist. This study investigates the rate of venous thromboembolic disease (DVT and PE) in 423 patients undergoing consecutive unicompartmental knee arthroplasties by two surgeons (A.V.L., K.R.B.) using a multimodal prophylactic strategy. Risk stratification by the medical consulting team determined appropriate anticoagulation level. Eighty-two percent (knees) were managed with an aspirin-based program, 8% with 2 weeks of low molecular weight heparin followed by aspirin, and 8% with warfarin. No patient experienced symptomatic DVT or PE. Radiographic investigations revealed no asymptomatic venous thromboembolic disease. A risk stratification and multimodal venous thromboembolic disease prevention program based on the efficacy and safety of aspirin may prove to be the safest, most effective method in patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. The minimally invasive nature and rapid recovery associated with unicompartmental knee arthroplasty may support approaching the procedure more as an arthroscopy than an arthroplasty in terms of venous thromboembolic disease prevention.
[P3–428]: DEMYELINATION IN AD AND ITS REVERSAL BY CINNAMON TREATMENT IN FAD5X MODEL (2017)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of senile dementia in US and Europe. Pathologically, the disease is recognized by the presence of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, glial activation, and neuronal apoptosis. Despite intense investigation, there is no effective therapy to stop the progression of AD. We monitored myelin status in cortical and hippocampal sections of AD as well as FAD5X mouse model by immunohistochemistry. We also monitored levels of myelin-specific molecules (myelin basic protein, MBP; proteolipid protein, PLP; myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, MOG; CNPase) in the hippocampus of FAD5X mice and non-transgenic (non-Tg) controls by Western blot. FAD5X mice were also treated with cinnamon (a commonly used natural spice and flavoring material) and its metabolite sodium benzoate (NaB), an FDA-approved drug against hyperammonemia, orally. Widespread demyelination was observed in hippocampus and cortex of AD brains as compared to age-matched no cognitive impairment (NCI) brains. In many areas, neurofilaments were without myelin. Similarly, we also observed demyelinated axons and the loss of MBP, PLP, MOG, and CNPase in the hippocampus of FAD5X mice as compared to non-Tg mice. However, oral treatment of FAD5X mice with cinnamon and NaB led to the protection and/or upregulation of MBP, PLP, MOG, and CNPase as well as improvement in myelin status. Cinnamon- and NaB-treated FAD5X mice also performed better in memory and learning tasks. Demyelination could be an important event in the pathogenesis of AD. These results also highlight an unexplored property of cinnamon and NaB and indicate that these compounds may protect myelin and improve memory in AD patients. Supported by grants from NIH (AG050431) and Alzheimer's Association (IIRG-12–241179).
A New Control Approach for a Robotic Walking Support System in Adapting User Characteristics (2006)

This paper proposes a new control approach for a robotic walking support system to adapt a user's controlling characteristic. The control approach will be implemented by changing the kinematic structure of the robotic walking support system based on a variable center of rotation. This new control approach aims to help users who have difficulties in controlling their walking support system. In this study, we have a training stage to evaluate and adapt user's controlling characteristics. This will be implemented by allowing the user to follow some training paths. In the event a large path error occurs, a learning algorithm will vary the center of rotation of the support system until the user can successfully follow the training path. The relationship between the user intent in the form of applied force/torque and the new center of rotation will be taken by considering several training paths. This relationship will be used in actual control of the robotic walking support system. Experimentation and evaluation are presented to show the validity of the proposed control algorithm
Blocking Lithium Dendrite Growth in Solid-State Batteries with an Ultrathin Amorphous Li-La-Zr-O Solid Electrolyte (2020)

Lithium garnet Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) electrolyte is a potential candidate for the development of solid-state batteries with lithium metal as high-capacity anode. But ceramic LLZO in the form of pellets or polycrystalline films can still suffer from lithium dendrite penetration because of surface and bulk inhomogeneities and grain boundaries with non-negligible electronic conductivity. In contrast, the amorphous phase of LLZO (aLLZO) possesses a grain-boundary-free microstructure with moderate ionic conductivity (10-7 S cm-1) and high electronic insulation (10-14 S cm-1), which in the form of thin coatings can offer resistance to lithium dendrite growth. We explore the electrochemical properties and applications of aLLZO ultrathin films prepared by sputtering deposition. The defect-free and conformal nature of the films enables microbatteries with an electrolyte thickness as low as 70 nm, which withstand charge-discharge at 0.2 mA cm-2 for over 500 cycles. In Li/aLLZO/Li symmetric cells, plating-stripping at current densities up to 3.2 mA cm-2 shows no signs of lithium penetration. Finally, we show that the application of aLLZO as a coating on LLZO ceramic pellets significantly impedes the formation of Li dendrites.
Induction coilgun for EM mortar (2007)

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency is investigating electromagnetic (EM) guns for the next generation combat vehicle providing improved performance and survivability without the use of propellant. The two-year program was initiated in 2005 to design a coilgun and a railgun to launch an existing mortar round with an EM armature in laboratory conditions at speeds to increase range beyond current capabilities. This paper describes a laboratory coilgun system whose requirements are based on the Future Combat System Mortar Vehicle for indirect fire applications. Minimal adaptation has been necessary to existing mortar rounds with the armature and support structure necessary for EM coilgun launch. High magnetic field coils have been designed and tested at stress levels anticipated during launch. Recoil from the barrel of stacked coils will be managed by a conventional gun mount integrated to a catcher through a structural frame. Capacitor bank modules currently in fabrication and test utilize 1980’s technology capacitors, but new ideas in commercial components for switches, resistors and bus-work are investigated to lower cost. The firing system, which includes a projectile-sensing 94 GHz radar triggers the capacitor banks for optimal performance and precise muzzle velocity control, is also described.
A Spontaneous Model of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Provides Evidence of MOG-Specific B Cell Recruitment and Clonal Expansion (2022)

The key role of B cells in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is supported by the presence of oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid, by the association of meningeal ectopic B cell follicles with demyelination, axonal loss and reduction of astrocytes, as well as by the high efficacy of B lymphocyte depletion in controlling inflammatory parameters of MS. Here, we use a spontaneous model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) to study the clonality of the B cell response targeting myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). In particular, 94% of SJL/j mice expressing an I-A<sup>s</sup>: MOG<sub>92-106</sub> specific transgenic T cell receptor (TCR<sup>1640</sup>) spontaneously develop a chronic paralytic EAE between the age of 60-500 days. The immune response is triggered by the microbiota in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue, while there is evidence that the maturation of the autoimmune demyelinating response might occur in the cervical lymph nodes owing to local brain drainage. Using MOG-protein-tetramers we tracked the autoantigen-specific B cells and localized their enrichment to the cervical lymph nodes and among the brain immune infiltrate. MOG-specific IgG1 antibodies were detected in the serum of diseased TCR<sup>1640</sup> mice and proved pathogenic upon adoptive transfer into disease-prone recipients. The ontogeny of the MOG-specific humoral response preceded disease onset coherent with their contribution to EAE initiation. This humoral response was, however, not sufficient for disease induction as MOG-antibodies could be detected at the age of 69 days in a model with an average age of onset of 197 days. To assess the MOG-specific B cell repertoire we FACS-sorted MOG-tetramer binding cells and clonally expand them <i>in vitro</i> to sequence the paratopes of the IgG heavy chain and kappa light chains. Despite the fragility of clonally expanding MOG-tetramer binding effector B cells, our results indicate the selection of a common CDR-3 clonotype among the Igk light chains derived from both disease-free and diseased TCR<sup>1640</sup> mice. Our study demonstrates the pre-clinical mobilization of the MOG-specific B cell response within the brain-draining cervical lymph nodes, and reiterates that MOG antibodies are a poor biomarker of disease onset and progression.
Analysis of Combined Treatment of Embolic Stroke in Rat with r-tPA and a GPIIb/IIIa Inhibitor (2005)

Suppression of platelet activation improves the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy for stroke. Thus, combination treatment with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) and 7E3 F(ab')2, a GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor that binds the platelet to fibrin, may improve the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy in embolic stroke. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to monitor treatment response in rats subjected to embolic middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion (MCAo). Animals were randomized into treated (n=12) and control (n=10) groups and received intravenous combination therapy or saline, respectively, 4 hours after MCAo. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements performed 1 hour after MCAo showed no difference between groups. However, an increased incidence (50%) of MCA recanalization was found in the treated group at 24 hours compared with 20% in the control group. The area of low cerebral blood flow at 24 and 48 hours was significantly smaller in the combination treatment group, and the lesion size, as indicated from the T2 and T1 maps, differed significantly between groups. Fluorescence microscopy measurements of cerebral microvessels perfused with fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran and measurements of infarct volume revealed that the combination treatment significantly increased microvascular patency and reduced infarct volume, respectively, compared with the control rats. The efficacy of combination treatment 4 hours after ischemia is reflected by MRI indices of tissue perfusion, MCA recanalization, and reduction of lesion volume. The treatment also reduced secondary microvascular perfusion deficits.
Glass transition, topology, and elastic models of Se‐based glasses (2023)

Abstract Features intrinsic to disorder and network aspects are ubiquitous in structural glasses. Among this important class of materials, chalcogenide glasses are special—they are built of short‐range covalent forces, making them simpler than silicate glasses that possess mixed ionic and covalent forces. Selenium‐based glasses also display complex elastic phase transitions that have been described from various models, including mean‐field approaches to molecular simulations. These point to the presence of two sharply defined elastic phase transitions, a rigidity and stress transition that are non‐mean‐field in character, and separate the three distinct topological phases of flexible, isostatically rigid, and stressed‐rigid. This article reviews the physics of these glassy networks. The elastic phases and glass transition temperature are explained on a molecular level in terms of topological constraint theory (TCT), connectivity, and the open degrees of freedom. The broader aspects of TCT in relation to phase change materials, high‐ k dielectrics, and cements are also commented upon.
Explicit Approximations of the Gaussian Kernel (2011)

We introduce two versions of a new sketch for approximately embedding the Gaussian kernel into Euclidean inner product space. These work by truncating infinite expansions of the Gaussian kernel, and carefully invoking the RecursiveTensorSketch [Ahle et al. SODA 2020]. After providing concentration and approximation properties of these sketches, we use them to approximate the kernel distance between points sets. These sketches yield almost (1+ε)-relative error, but with a small additive α term. In the first variants the dependence on 1/α is poly-logarithmic, but has higher degree of polynomial dependence on the original dimension d. In the second variant, the dependence on 1/α is still poly-logarithmic, but the dependence on d is linear.
Silicon-photonic PTAT temperature sensor for micro-ring resonator thermal stabilization (2015)

This paper presents thermal stabilization of micro-ring resonator modulators through direct measurement of ring temperature using a monolithic PTAT temperature sensor. The measured temperature is used in a feedback loop to adjust the thermal tuner of the ring.
Mimicking non-ideal instrument behavior for hologram processing using neural style translation (2023)

Holographic cloud probes provide unprecedented information on cloud particle density, size and position. Each laser shot captures particles within a large volume, where images can be computationally refocused to determine particle size and location. However, processing these holograms with standard methods or machine learning (ML) models requires considerable computational resources, time and occasional human intervention. ML models are trained on simulated holograms obtained from the physical model of the probe since real holograms have no absolute truth labels. Using another processing method to produce labels would be subject to errors that the ML model would subsequently inherit. Models perform well on real holograms only when image corruption is performed on the simulated images during training, thereby mimicking non-ideal conditions in the actual probe. Optimizing image corruption requires a cumbersome manual labeling effort. Here we demonstrate the application of the neural style translation approach to the simulated holograms. With a pre-trained convolutional neural network, the simulated holograms are "stylized" to resemble the real ones obtained from the probe, while at the same time preserving the simulated image "content" (e.g. the particle locations and sizes). With an ML model trained to predict particle locations and shapes on the stylized data sets, we observed comparable performance on both simulated and real holograms, obviating the need to perform manual labeling. The described approach is not specific to holograms and could be applied in other domains for capturing noise and imperfections in observational instruments to make simulated data more like real world observations.
Copper(I) Isocyanide and Phosphane Complexes of Fluorinated Mono‐ and Bis(pyrazolyl)borates (2009)

Abstract New copper(I) complexes have been synthesized from the reaction between [Cu(CH 3 CN) 4 ]PF 6 or CuI, triphenylphosphane, tert ‐butyl isocyanide or cyclohexyl isocyanide co‐ligands, and the fluorinated pyrazolylborate ligands sodium trihydro[5‐(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol‐1‐yl]borate and potassium dihydrobis[3‐(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol‐1‐yl]borate. These compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, FT‐IR and multinuclear ( 1 H, 13 C, 19 F and 31 P) NMR spectroscopy, and ESI mass spectrometry. The solid‐state structure of [{H 3 B[5‐(CF 3 )pz]}Cu(PPh 3 ) 2 ] is also reported. This complex features a κ 2 N , H ‐bonded trihydro(pyrazolyl)borate ligand, a rare Cu–HB bond, and a distorted, pseudo‐tetrahedral copper atom with a large P–Cu–P angle. The solid state structures of [{H 2 B[3‐(CF 3 )pz] 2 }Cu(CN t Bu) 2 ] and [{H 2 B[3‐(CF 3 )pz] 2 }Cu(CNCy) 2 ], which have pseudo‐tetrahedral copper sites, are also reported. The bis(pyrazolyl)borate ligand in these complexes acts as a κ 2 N , N′ donor and adopts a flattened boat conformation. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Discovery of a tetrazolyl β-carboline with<i>in vitro</i>and<i>in vivo</i>osteoprotective activity under estrogen-deficient conditions (2018)

β-Carbolines have been assessed for osteoclastogenesis. However, their effect on osteoblasts during estrogen deficiency is still unclear. Here, a series of novel piperazine and tetrazole tag β-carbolines have been synthesized and examined for osteoblast differentiation <i>in vitro</i>. <i>In vitro</i> data suggest that compound <b>8g</b> is the most promising osteoblast differentiating agent that was evaluated for <i>in vivo</i> studies. Compound <b>8g</b> promoted osteoblast mineralization, stimulated Runx2, BMP-2 and OCN expression levels, increased BrdU incorporation and inhibited generation of free radicals as well as nitric oxide. Since a piperazine group is involved in bone repair activity and β-carboline in IκB kinase (IKK) inhibition, compound <b>8g</b> inhibited tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) directed IκBα phosphorylation, preventing nuclear translocation of NF-κB thereby alleviating osteoblast apoptosis. <i>In vivo</i> studies show that compound <b>8g</b> was able to restore estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss in ovariectomized rats without any toxicity, thus signifying its potential in bone-protection chemotherapy under postmenopausal conditions.
IMST-10. CD40 SIGNALING DECREASES MATERNAL EMBRYONIC LEUCINE ZIPPER KINASE (MELK) EXPRESSION AND CORRELATES WITH SURVIVAL IN GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS (2016)

We previously demonstrated that the high expression levels of CD40/ CD40 ligand (CD40L) correlated with better prognosis in glioblastomas (GBMs). CD40 is a costimulatory molecule and its agonistic antibody, FGK45 has shown to augment antitumor effects of immunotherapy against GL261, glioma cell, and NSCL61, glioma-initiating cell (GIC)-like cell model mice. Studying the mechanism of FGK45 induced anti-tumor effect against glioma models, we identified that the expression of maternal embryonic leucine-zipper kinase (MELK) is down regulated in FGK45 treated mice. MELK is a serine/ threonine kinase involved in cancer cell proliferation and maintenance of stemness. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between CD40 signaling and MELK expression in gliomas. We tested the MELK expression in NSCL61, and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell model mice treated with FGK45 immunotherapy. Subsequently, we analyzed direct effects of FGK45 against GL261, NSCL61, and LLC in vitro. Then, we assessed the expression of MELK and CD40/ CD40L in GBMs and analyzed the correlation with prognosis. Significant decrease of MELK expressions were found in FGK45 treated tumor model mice. In vitro, FGK45 directly decreased MELK expression in glioma cells. In clinical samples, the higher expression levels of MELK mRNA were associated with poor prognosis in GBMs. Moreover, the expression levels of MELK were inversely correlated with CD40/ CD40L expression. In this study, we demonstrated that CD40 signaling decreases the MELK expression in glioma cells. The high expression of CD40/CD40L was inversely correlated with MELK expression and correlated with better prognosis. Immunotherapy using CD40 agonistic antibody reduces MELK expression and can be promising GIC targeting therapy.
PEr IPhEral My ElIn ProtEIn-22 Is Ex PrE ssE d In Cns My ElIn (2010)

Myelin abnormalities exist in schizophrenia leading to the hypothesis that oligodendrocyte dysfunction plays a role in the pathophysiology of the disease. The expression of the mRNA for the peripheral myelin protein-22 (PMP-22) is decreased in schizophrenia and recent genetic evidence suggests a link between PMP-22 and schizophrenia. While PMP-22 mRNA is found in both rodent and human brain it has been generally thought that no protein expression occurs. Here we show that PMP-22 protein is present in myelin isolated from adult mouse and human brain. These results suggest that PMP-22 protein likely plays a role in the maintenance and function of central nervous system (CNS) myelin and provide an explanation for why altered PMP-22 expression may be pathophysiologically relevant in a CNS disorder such as schizophrenia.