gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P109 Optimal dosing regimen of caspofungin in children: milligram per kilogram or milligram per square meter? (2019)

Background Caspofungin is the first echinocandin to be used as a first-line antifungal agent for Candida spp. infections in febrile, neutropenic adult and paediatric patients. To date, the optimal dosing of capofungin in children has not been determined. We evaluated the population pharmacokinetics of caspofungin in children (2–12 years old) and defined an appropriate dose in order to optimize caspofungin treatment in this vulnerable population. Methods Blood samples were collected from 48 children treated with caspofungin and drug concentrations were quantified by HPLC-MS. Population pharmacokinetic analysis and Monte-Carlo simulation were performed using NONMEM software Results Data from 48 children was available for population pharmacokinetic analysis. A two-compartment model with first-order elimination had the best fit with the data. Subsequent covariate analysis demonstrated that body surface area had a significant correlation with caspofungin pharmacokinetics compared to body weight. Monte Carlo simulation demonstrated that &gt;90% of a simulated paediatric population (age range, 2–12 years) treated with a loading dose of 70 mg/m 2 followed by a 50 mg/m 2 maintenance dose once daily would reach a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 µg/mL, the proposed susceptibility breakpoint for caspofungin against Candida spp. Conclusion The population pharmacokinetics of caspofungin was evaluated and revealed that adjustment of caspofungin based on body surface area is most appropriate for paediatric use. Disclosure(s) Nothing to disclose
Exciplex emission and photofragmentation reactions of contact ion pairs generated via quenching of cyanoaromatic singlets by amino alcohols (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExciplex emission and photofragmentation reactions of contact ion pairs generated via quenching of cyanoaromatic singlets by amino alcoholsXiaohong Ci and David G. WhittenCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 5, 1988–1993Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100158a019https://doi.org/10.1021/j100158a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Severe pediatric ocular injury due to explosion of a firecracker inside a soda bottle (2010)

This case report describes a penetrating ocular injury, followed by endophthalmitis, in a four-year-old girl, resulting from explosion of a small K0201 match-cracker inside a soda bottle. The patient presented with two corneal lacerations, ruptured crystalline lens, multiple intraocular foreign bodies, and hyphema of the right eye, for which immediate surgical exploration and repair was performed. The patient developed aggressive endophthalmitis that led to atrophy of the eye within a few weeks. Severe ocular injuries can result from small, relatively "safe" firecrackers. Therefore, this type of firework should not be used, especially by minors.
Bioelectrochemistry: An Examination of Some Examples (1978)

I. INTRODUCTION I. INTRODUCTION During the last decade or so, the term bioelectrochemistry has been used to describe a variety of research endeavors involving electrochemical phenomena of biological systems. The phenomena grouped under this heading include such diverse areas as generation of potentials across membranes, the oxidation-reduction chemistry of macromolecules, and the application of electrochemistry to medical problems such as bone repair and tissue growth. Although this diversity has lead to fairly rapid growth, it has also resulted in difficulty in defining the field of bioelectrochemistry. The often quoted statement, "bioelectrochemistry is what bioelectrochemists do," does not allow one to identify the area as a viable scientific subdiscipline. It is partly the intent of this discussion to describe several areas of active research which, in the author's opinion, justifiably fall under the heading of bioelectrochemistry.
&lt;title&gt;Selective material ablation by the TEA CO2 laser&lt;/title&gt; (1995)

This paper reports two topics in the material processing using TEA CO<SUB>2</SUB> lasers. We demonstrated selective ablation of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin layer on a quartz substrate by the second harmonic (SH) radiation of TEA CO<SUB>2</SUB> laser generated by AgGaSe<SUB>2</SUB> nonlinear crystal. Si-H bonds contained in a-Si:H strongly absorb the 5 micrometers SH radiation and resulted in the selective ablation of the a-Si:H layer. The successful ablation processing of ethylenetetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) copolymer by the 9.6 micrometers fundamental wavelength TEA CO<SUB>2</SUB> laser is also reported. Only ETFE thin film adhered to an aluminum substrate can be ablated by the TEA CO<SUB>2</SUB> laser.
Demonstration of Field- and Power-Dependent ESD Failure in AlGaN/GaN RF HEMTs (2015)

This paper reports an extensive analysis of the electrostatic discharge (ESD) robustness and of the corresponding failure mechanisms of AlGaN/gallium nitride high-electron mobility transistors. Based on transmission line pulse testing, we demonstrate the following results: 1) when ESD pulses are applied to the drain under pinchoff conditions, failure occurs through a field-dependent mechanism; the failure voltage is independent on the gate bias, and approximately equal to 300 V; 2) when ESD pulses are applied to the drain under ON-state conditions, a power-dependent mechanism prevails, lowering the ESD robustness; 3) vertical (drain substrate) breakdown does not significantly affect the ESD stability of the devices; the failure threshold for vertical failure is higher than 450 V; and 4) the length of the field plate can significantly impact the ESD behavior of the devices, by influencing the failure threshold and by favoring soft-degradation processes. Scanning electron microscopy was extensively used to achieve a complete description of the failure processes.
Additive low temperature 3D printed electronic as enabling technology for IoT application (2017)

There is no industrial method readily available to deposit a functional conductive metal pattern for electronic application on vertical sidewalls of thermal sensitive plastic materials. The most common methods (as dispensing and screen printing for example) allow material deposition on flat surfaces; other methods such an ink jet printing and AJP (Aerosol Jet Printing) can accept a certain surface curvature and eventually some surface unflattens. In this work we developed and demonstrated an additive low temperature method that can deposit conductive silver pattern on vertical surfaces of plastic materials. The demonstrated method comprises several steps. It starts from low temperature deposition conductive tracks on a plastic temporary carrier, a carrier 3D shaping, and a conductive track transfer from the temporary carrier onto the receiving permanent 3D shaped functional structure. The 3D receiving structure serves as a case or housing for electronic systems. Furthermore, it can replace conventional PCB with conductive tracks and mounting pads for mounting of electronic components. Using the developed method, we processed and assembled in house a fully functional working 3D demonstrator. The 3D integrated demonstrator measures ambient temperature, humidity and light intensity, processes the received by the sensors data and wirelessly transfers them to a network. Other sensors can be easily added to the system. The developed technology is a key enabler for a wide range of IoT applications, for example in home and industrial automation applications.
Cymerus™ iPSC-MSCs significantly prolong survival in a pre-clinical, humanized mouse model of Graft-vs-host disease (2019)

The immune-mediated tissue destruction of graft-vs-host disease (GvHD) remains a major barrier to greater use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have intrinsic immunosuppressive qualities and are being actively investigated as a therapeutic strategy for treating GvHD. We characterized Cymerus™ MSCs, which are derived from adult, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and show they display surface markers and tri-lineage differentiation consistent with MSCs isolated from bone marrow (BM). Administering iPSC-MSCs altered phosphorylation and cellular localization of the T cell-specific kinase, Protein Kinase C theta (PKCθ), attenuated disease severity, and prolonged survival in a humanized mouse model of GvHD. Finally, we evaluated a constellation of pro-inflammatory molecules on circulating PBMCs that correlated closely with disease progression and which may serve as biomarkers to monitor therapeutic response. Altogether, our data suggest Cymerus iPSC-MSCs offer the potential for an off-the-shelf, cell-based therapy to treat GvHD.
UAV-based scoring for iron chlorosis in soybean (2021)

Iron chlorosis in soybean is a nutrient deficiency condition with general symptoms of chlorosis (yellowing) of soybean foliage and stunting of the plant, in turn impacting crop yield. Identifying, selecting and advancing varieties offering resistance to iron chlorosis is a critical component of soybean breeding. Genetic characterization of various soybean varieties is carried out using phenotypic measurements that are collected manually. Such measurements are extremely subjective confounded with rater variability, compromising measurement quality. Furthermore, manual data collection is labor intensive and expensive. In this study, we propose an automatic scoring system employing an analytical framework that applies image processing and machine learning (ML) techniques on red-green-blue (RGB) color channel images collected via Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for quantifying iron chlorosis severity. Results from the machine learning model indicate that the ML-based scores yielded good correlation with the manual scores. Additionally, ML scores demonstrated higher heritability/repeatability compared to those obtained from the manual scores, suggesting the use of UAV imagery in conjunction with machine learning approaches for field assessments of iron chlorosis, reducing long and tedious manual data collection efforts. Moreover, such approaches provide a scalable and high-throughput scoring system, enabling efficient breeding practices.
A novel approach to functionalised pyridazinone arrays (2006)

A series of 3,6-dichloro-1H-pyridazin-4-ones have been prepared via the cycloaddition of 3,6-dichlorotetrazine with alkynylboronates, and their employment as useful synthetic intermediates was highlighted through a selection of highly regioselective C-O, C-S and C-C bond forming reactions.
The aspartate-257 of presenilin 1 is indispensable for mouse development and production of β-amyloid peptides through β-catenin-independent mechanisms (2002)

To differentiate multiple activities of presenilin 1 (PS1), we generated transgenic mice expressing two human PS1 alleles: one with the aspartate to alanine mutation at residue 257 (hPS1D257A) that impairs the proteolytic activity of PS1, and the other deleting amino acids 340-371 of the hydrophilic loop sequence (hPS1Deltacat) essential for beta-catenin interaction. We show here that although hPS1Deltacat is fully competent in rescuing the PS1-null lethal phenotype, hPS1D257A does not exhibit developmental activity. hPS1D257A also leads to the concurrent loss of the proteolytic processing of Notch and beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the generation of beta-amyloid peptides (Abeta). Further, by measuring the levels of endogenous Abeta(X-40) and Abeta(X-42) in primary neuronal cultures, we confirmed the concept that PS1 is indispensable for the production of secreted Abeta.
Verifying Power Claims of High-power Tractors Without a PTO at the Nebraska Tractor Test Lab (2009)

Nebraska law requires agricultural tractors of 29.8 kw (40 hp) or more to be tested and tractor power claims to be verified. In recent years, several tractor manufacturers have been producing models of large tractors either without a PTO or with a PTO not capable of transmitting the full engine power and, therefore, have chosen to advertise engine power. As the primary test the Nebraska Tractor Test Lab has used to verify manufacturers power claims has been the PTO power test, the manufacturers asked the University of Nebraska Board of Tractor Test Engineers to clarify how power claims for these tractors will be verified. Analyses of advertised engine power claims and drawbar power test results from 48 tracked and 43 4WD tractors were used to establish two linear relationships to verify the engine power claims for these types of tractors.
<scp>CROWN ROOTLESS1</scp> binds <scp>DNA</scp> with a relaxed specificity and activates <i>OsROP</i> and <i>OsbHLH044</i> genes involved in crown root formation in rice (2022)

In cereals, the root system is mainly composed of post-embryonic shoot-borne roots, named crown roots. The CROWN ROOTLESS1 (CRL1) transcription factor, belonging to the ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2-LIKE/LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN (ASL/LBD) family, is a key regulator of crown root initiation in rice (Oryza sativa). Here, we show that CRL1 can bind, both in vitro and in vivo, not only the LBD-box, a DNA sequence recognized by several ASL/LBD transcription factors, but also another not previously identified DNA motif that was named CRL1-box. Using rice protoplast transient transactivation assays and a set of previously identified CRL1-regulated genes, we confirm that CRL1 transactivates these genes if they possess at least a CRL1-box or an LBD-box in their promoters. In planta, ChIP-qPCR experiments targeting two of these genes that include both a CRL1- and an LBD-box in their promoter show that CRL1 binds preferentially to the LBD-box in these promoter contexts. CRISPR/Cas9-targeted mutation of these two CRL1-regulated genes, which encode a plant Rho GTPase (OsROP) and a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor (OsbHLH044), show that both promote crown root development. Finally, we show that OsbHLH044 represses a regulatory module, uncovering how CRL1 regulates specific processes during crown root formation.
Synthesis of seco-Prezizaane Sesquiterpenes (2016)

Key words jiadifenin - radical cyclization - titanium - annulation
Comparative of signal processing techniques for micro-Doppler signature extraction with automotive radar systems (2014)

In recent years, the automotive industry has experienced an evolution toward more powerful driver assistance systems that provide enhanced vehicle safety. These systems typically operate in the optical and microwave regions of the electromagnetic spectrum and have demonstrated high efficiency in collision and risk avoidance. Microwave radar systems are particularly relevant due to their operational robustness under adverse weather or illumination conditions. Our objective is to study different signal processing techniques suitable for extraction of accurate micro-Doppler signatures of slow moving objects in dense urban environments. Selection of the appropriate signal processing technique is crucial for the extraction of accurate micro-Doppler signatures that will lead to better results in a radar classifier system. For this purpose, we perform simulations of typical radar detection responses in common driving situations and conduct the analysis with several signal processing algorithms, including short time Fourier Transform, continuous wavelet or Kernel based analysis methods. We take into account factors such as the relative movement between the host vehicle and the target, and the non-stationary nature of the target’s movement. A comparison of results reveals that short time Fourier Transform would be the best approach for detection and tracking purposes, while the continuous wavelet would be the best suited for classification purposes.
A Pilot with Pain in His Leg: Thigh Abscess Caused by <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Serotype Brandenburg (2002)

Salmonella enterica serotype Brandenburg is one of the more uncommon serotypes isolated from patients with gastroenteritis. Few cases of extraintestinal infections with serotype Brandenburg have been documented. The first case of a serotype Brandenburg-dependent thigh abscess originating from an atherosclerotic pseudoaneurysm of the femoral artery is reported.
High Gain Constrained Lens Antenna on BCB Substrate for 300-GHz Applications (2019)

straight front face constrained lens is used to excite a leaky-wave antenna (array of slots) at 300 GHz. The supporting polymer of the antennas is Benzocyclobutene (BCB). The lens is fabricated using substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology, while the radiating slots are etched on the polymer by photolithography. Numerical results show a reflection coefficient lower than -15 dB and a realized gain larger than 15 dBi over a 20% fractional bandwidth, spanning from 260 GHz to 330 GHz. The antenna efficiency is estimated equal to 25% by taking into account dielectric and conductive losses.
The role of face-selective and object-general mechanisms in the face inversion effect: A simultaneous EEG-fMRI study (2011)

The face inversion effect (FIE) refers to the greater difficulty we have in recognizing inverted than upright faces. It has been suggested that inverted faces are processed like non-face objects. Event-related potential studies consistently show an increase in the amplitude of the face-selective N170 component to inverted relative to upright faces (N170-FIE). Here we tested two hypotheses that may account for the increased response of the N170 to inverted faces. According to a quantitative hypothesis inverted faces exploit the same mechanisms used for upright faces but with more computational effort. This hypothesis predicts that the increased N170 amplitude to inverted faces is mediated by face-selective mechanisms. According to a qualitative hypothesis, inverted faces engage additional processing mechanisms such as object-general mechanisms. This hypothesis predicts that the increased N170 amplitude to inverted faces is mediated by object-general mechanisms. To test these two hypotheses we conducted simultaneous EEG-fMRI experiment in which we presented upright and inverted faces in an event-related design. For each subject we also localized face-selective and object-general areas based on a functional localizer scan. Following removal of MR-artifacts from the EEG signal we measured the response of the N170 to upright and inverted faces and computed an N170-FIE index for each subject. Similarly, we measured the response of face-selective and object-general areas to upright and inverted faces and computed an fMR-FIE index for each area of each subject. Correlational analyses revealed that the N170-FIE was strongly correlated (r = 0.8) with the FIE in object areas but not with the FIE in face-selective areas. These findings are consistent with the qualitative hypothesis and suggest that object processing mechanisms are involved in the processing of inverted faces as early as 170 ms after stimulus onset.
ChemInform Abstract: An AC → ABC Approach to Taxol Involving B‐Ring Closure at C‐1‐C‐ 2. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Lentiviral Gene Therapy Against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1, Using a Novel Human TRIM21-Cyclophilin A Restriction Factor (2012)

TRIM5α (tripartite motif-containing protein-5, isoform α)-cyclophilin A fusion proteins are anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) restriction factors that have evolved in certain nonhuman primates over millions of years and protect against HIV and related viruses. Restriction by TRIM5αCypA is potent and highly resistant to viral escape by mutation and, in combination with a suitable gene delivery platform, offers the possibility of novel therapeutic approaches against HIV. Here we report that lentiviral vector delivery of human mimics of TRIM5α-cyclophilin A (TRIM5CypA) fusion proteins afforded robust and durable protection against HIV-1, but resulted in downregulation of host cell antiviral responses mediated by endogenous TRIM5α. We found that substitution of TRIM5α RING, B-box, and coiled-coil domains with similar domains from a related TRIM protein, TRIM21, produced a novel and equally potent inhibitor of HIV-1. Both TRIM5CypA and TRIM21CypA inhibited transduction by HIV-1-derived viral vectors and prevented propagation of replication-competent HIV-1 in human cell lines and in primary human T cells. Restriction factor-modified T cells exhibited preferential survival in the presence of wild-type HIV. Restriction was dependent on proteasomal degradation and was reversed in the presence of the cyclophilin inhibitor cyclosporin. Importantly, TRIM21CypA did not disturb endogenous TRIM5α-mediated restriction of gammaretroviral infection. Furthermore, endogenous TRIM21 antiviral activity was assessed by measuring inhibition of adenovirus-antibody complexes and was found to be preserved in all TRIMCypA-modified groups. We conclude that lentivirus-mediated expression of the novel chimeric restriction factor TRIM21CypA provides highly potent protection against HIV-1 without loss of normal innate immune TRIM activity.