gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A DCT-domain blind watermarking system using optimum detection on Laplacian model (2002)

This paper presents a digital watermarking system in the DCT-domain. The watermarking system is designed to satisfy strictly the perceptual constraints. Under the constraints, robust and fragile watermarking techniques are designed by varying the watermark strength. The optimum detection structure is constructed based on the Laplacian model, which has the properties that high performance can be achieved for a large variety of statistical models, and the computation is efficient. The detection does not need the original images. It can also detect the tampered regions very accurately. The simulations validate the watermarking system. The system can be used in copyright notification and protection, broadcast monitoring and tracking, and authentication and tamper-proofing.
3.2: Field ionization detection of laser cooled rubidium atoms with a single suspended carbon nanotube (2010)

Laser-cooled rubidium atoms are captured by the inhomogeneous electric field surrounding a single charged suspended carbon nanotube. The atom experiences an induced dipole attractive potential with a singular inverse square scaling. The ultimate fate of the captured atom is field ionization near the wall of the nanotube. Field ionization detection is fast, efficient, and position sensitive, and could become the detection method for a new generation of atom-nanotube traps.
Developing Demand Control Chart to Sales Management (2008)

Today retail market is changing faster and faster, the customer’s need is getting more and more various. Thus, forecasting the change of product demand is becoming harder as well. Although it is natural that sharing point-of-sale data should enable the manufacturer to improve his inventory system, enormous data are inundated. Most existing inventory management tools are based on the demand forecasting and assumptions. In this paper we propose a new practical inventory control tool, namely, Demand Control Chart(DCC), which does not ‘forecast’ but ‘control’ the trend of demand without assumptions. DCC adopted the idea of QC(Quality Control) chart is adopted for managing inventory and sales. According to the trend of sales, DCC adjusts an order quantity considering the capacity of shelf in the retail stores. DCC is coded C++ language and Excel using the actual data from VMI(Vendor Management Inventory) systems of a famous Korean DR(Discount Retailer). Besides, this paper introduces the merit of EPFR(Every Period Full Replenishment) for reducing stocks and preventing the loss. EPFR means that suppliers always replenish as much as they are sold during the period.
Plant Height Affects Fusarium Crown Rot Severity in Wheat (2010)

Effects of plant height on Fusarium crown rot (FCR) disease severity were investigated using 12 pairs of near-isogenic lines (NILs) for six different reduced height (Rht) genes in wheat. The dwarf isolines all gave better FCR resistance when compared with their respective tall counterparts, although the Rht genes involved in these NILs are located on several different chromosomes. Treating plants with exogenous gibberellin increased FCR severity as well as seedling lengths in all of the isolines tested. Analysis of the expression of several defense genes with known correlation with resistance to FCR pathogens between the Rht isolines following FCR inoculation indicated that the better resistance of the dwarf isolines was not due to enhanced defense gene induction. These results suggested that the difference in FCR severity between the tall and dwarf isolines is likely due to their height difference per se or to some physiological and structural consequences of reduced height. Thus, caution should be taken when considering to exploit any FCR locus located near a height gene.
Early bedside detection of pulmonary vascular occlusion during acute respiratory failure. (1981)

Through newly placed flow-directed pulmonary artery catheters (Swan-Ganz), we used bedside balloon occlusion angiography to assess the frequency of intravascular occlusive disease in patients suffe...
PO-112 The exploration of constitutively expressed myokines utilizing tissue-engineered skeletal muscle (2018)

Objective Recent evidence has identified skeletal muscle as a secretory organ. Many myokines, which are bioactive substances secreted from skeletal muscle, have been identified in plane muscle culture cells. Compared to the plane muscle culture cells, the tissue-engineered muscle is an excellent model as culture system mimicked native skeletal muscle. However, constitutively expressed genes and secreted compounds from tissue-engineered muscle have not been analyzed sufficiently. The purposes of this study were 1) to clarify kinetics of constitutively secreted compounds, and 2) to explore constitutively expressed genes in the tissue-engineered muscle.&#x0D; Methods C2C12 cells embedded within collagen gel solution were placed between two tendons made up of elastase-treated acelluar porcine blood vessel. The constructs were cultured in growth media for 2 days and cultured in differentiation media for 6 days. To compare with plane culture cells, C2C12 cells were cultured in plane under the same condition as the construct. The culture media were obtained, and analyzed by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Furthermore, constitutively up-regulated genes in tissue-engineered skeletal muscle were explored based on microarray analysis and confirmed by RT-PCR.&#x0D; Results MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry revealed that the number of detected peaks in tissue-engineered muscle was abundant compared to that of plane muscle culture cells, especially at range of low molecular weight. Furthermore, the detected peaks were substantially different among these culture media and specific peaks were identified in tissue-engineered muscle. Based on microarray analysis, the transcription of cholecystokinin identified, and confirmed the up-regulation in tissue-engineered skeletal muscle by RT-PCR.&#x0D; Conclusions These results suggested that the tissue-engineered muscle constitutively secreted many compounds compared to plane culture cells, especially at range of low molecular weight. Furthermore, the transcription of cholecystokinin was up-regulated in tissue-engineered skeletal muscle. Besides of the plane muscle culture cells, it is possible to expect to obtain novel myokines utilizing tissue-engineered muscle.
A simple method for determining the coagulation threshold temperature of transparent tissue‐mimicking thermal therapy gel phantoms: Validated by magnetic resonance imaging thermometry (2016)

The opacity quantification method provides a fast and reproducible estimate of the coagulation threshold temperature of transparent temperature-sensitive gel phantoms. The temperatures determined using this method were well within the range of temperatures estimated using MR-thermometry. Due to the specific heating capabilities of the PCR machine, and the robust determination of coagulation threshold temperatures based on the statistically significant increase in the opacity of gel samples, coagulation temperatures can be determined more precisely and with less variability compared to MRI-based methods.
Development of a Coupled Geomechanics Model for a Parallel CompositionalReservoir Simulator (2007)

This paper presents a coupled geomechanics and compositional model and applies it to the oil and gas recovery process. An equation of state compositional simulator called the General Purpose Adaptive Simulator (GPAS), developed at the University of Texas at Austin, which uses a finite difference method for the solution of its governing partial differential equations (PDEs), is iteratively coupled with a geomechanics model that is developed using a finite element method in this research. An elastic constitutive model is applied to represent deformation behaviors of rocks in the geomechanics model. Porosity is selected as the coupling parameter between two coupled models. The unknowns located on nodes and block-centers in the two models are evaluated using an area weighting techniqueThe proposed model has been implemented on the Linux PC clusters for solving 2D compositional reservoir problems considering geomechanics effects. These results indicate that the geomechanics-coupled compositional reservoir simulator developed in this study can be used to complete simulations for stress-dependent or stress-sensitive reservoirs.
Cooxidation of enones during reaction of superoxide with acidic aromatic amines. (1991)

Enones can be epoxidized by O2-· in the presence of various compounds having an acidic >NH group. Cyclic voltammetry and ESR study show that O2-· was disproportionated into H2O2 and O2 by these compounds. Furthermore, H2O2 was deprotonated by unreacted O2-· and HOO- was formed, which is widely known to be the effective oxidant in the epoxidation of enones. This confirms the strong basicity of O2-· in aprotic media, and we propose an alternative scheme for the Haber-Weiss reaction in the absence of metal ions.
Coupled-Magnetic Filters with Adaptive Inductance Cancellation (2006)

Conventional filter circuits suffer from a number of limitations, including performance degradation due to capacitor parasitic inductance and the size and cost of magnetic elements. Coupled-magnetic filters have been developed that provide increased filter order with a single magnetic component, but also suffer from parasitic inductance in the filter shunt path due to imperfectly-controlled coupling of the magnetics. In this paper, we introduce a new approach to coupled-magnetic filters that overcomes these limitations. Filter sensitivity to variations in coupling is overcome by adaptively tuning the coupling of the magnetic circuit with feedback based on the sensed filter output ripple. This active coupling control enables much greater robustness to manufacturing and environmental variations than are possible in the conventional coupled-magnetic approach, while preserving its advantages. Moreover, the proposed technique also adaptively cancels the deleterious effects of capacitor parasitic inductance, thereby providing much higher filter performance than is achievable in conventional designs. The new technique is experimentally demonstrated in a dc/dc power converter application and is shown to provide high performance
Fundamentals of Genome Sequencing and Annotation (2018)

Bringing this best-selling textbook right up to date, the new edition uniquely integrates the theories and methods that drive the fields of biology, biotechnology and medicine, comprehensively covering both the techniques students will encounter in lab classes and those that underpin current key advances and discoveries. The contents have been updated to include both traditional and cutting-edge techniques most commonly used in current life science research. Emphasis is placed on understanding the theory behind the techniques, as well as analysis of the resulting data. New chapters cover proteomics, genomics, metabolomics, and bioinformatics, as well as data analysis and visualisation. Using accessible language to describe concepts and methods, and with a wealth of new in-text worked examples to challenge students' understanding, this textbook provides an essential guide to the key techniques used in current bioscience research.
Design of an Optical Force Sensor for Force Feedback during Minimally Invasive Robotic Surgery (2015)

Summary: A 5 mm diameter tri-axial force sensor has been developed for minimally invasive robotic surgery. To define the required force range and resolution, a needle driver has been equipped with strain gauges, able to measure two force components perpendicular to the instrument shaft. In vivo-tests with different types of needles and tissue show that the required force range and resolution are respectively 2.5 N and 0.01 N. The new sensor is based on a flexible titanium structure of which the deformations are measured through reflective measurements with 3 optical fibres. It has a range of 2.5 N in axial direction and 1.7 N in radial direction.
Abstract 4736: Amplification of ERK2 mediates resistance to the novel irreversible EGFR inhibitor WZ4002 (2011)

Abstract Background: EGFR T790M causes clinical resistance to the quinazoline EGFR kinase inhibitors gefitinib and erlotinib in non-small cell lung cancer. Amplification of EGFR T790M causes resistance to the irreversible quinazoline EGFR inhibitor PF00299804 (Ercan etl al. Oncogene 2010). A novel T790M selective irreversible pyrimidine EGFR kinase inhibitor, WZ4002, is effective in NSCLC models harboring EGFR T790M (Zhou, W, Ercan, D et al., Nature 2009). The mechanism(s) of resistance to this class of irreversible EGFR inhibitors have not been explored. Methods and Results: We exposed the Gefitinib resistant PC9 GR cells (EGFR del E746_A750/T790M; IC50 to WZ4002: ∼30nM) to increasing concentrations of WZ4002 to generate PC9 GW resistant cells (IC50 to WZ4002 ∼10µM) and isolated several resistant clones. The PC9 GWR cells contain EGFR del E746_A750/T790M but do not harbor additional EGFR mutations and are cross resistant to the irreversible quinazoline EGFR inhibitor BIBW2992. The PC9 GWR cells demonstrate an increase in basal phosphorylation of ERK2 but not ERK1 as well as total protein compared to parental PC9 GR cells. WZ4002 effectively inhibits EGFR phosphorylation but not ERK 2 phosphorylation in the PC9 GWR cells whereas in the PC9 GR cells WZ4002 inhibits both EGFR and ERK 1/2 phosphorylation. Furthermore, unlike in the PC9 GR cells, EGFR inhibition does not lead to BIM induction or apoptosis in the PC9 GWR cells. Genomic analyses of the PC9 GWR compared with the PC9 GR cells, using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, identify a focal amplification in the PC9 GWR cells on chromosome 22 which includes ERK2 (MAP2K). Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we confirm amplified intra-chromosomal regions mapping to MAP2K. Inhibition of ERK signaling by either an ERK2 specific shRNA or by the MEK inhibitor CI-1040, restores sensitivity to WZ4002 and BIBW2992. In addition, combination of WZ4002 and CI-1040 results in BIM induction and apoptosis in the PC9 GWR cells. In contrast inhibition of PI3K signaling using the PI3K inhibitor PI-103 does not restore WZ4002 sensitivity. Ectopic activation of ERK signaling using an activated MEK1 allele (MEK K57N) found in lung cancer, in different lung cancer cell lines (PC9 (EGFR del E746_A750), PC9 GR (EGFR del E746_A750), and H1975 (L858R/T790M), is sufficient to cause resistance to WZ4002 and block WZ4002 mediated apoptosis. Conclusions: We identify amplification of ERK2, a component downstream component of EGFR signaling, as a mechanism of resistance to structurally distinct irreversible EGFR kinase inhibitors. The combination of an EGFR inhibitor and a MEK inhibitor is effective in against these drug resistant cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4736. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4736
HepatoDyn: A Dynamic Model of Hepatocyte Metabolism That Integrates 13C Isotopomer Data (2016)

The liver performs many essential metabolic functions, which can be studied using computational models of hepatocytes. Here we present HepatoDyn, a highly detailed dynamic model of hepatocyte metabolism. HepatoDyn includes a large metabolic network, highly detailed kinetic laws, and is capable of dynamically simulating the redox and energy metabolism of hepatocytes. Furthermore, the model was coupled to the module for isotopic label propagation of the software package IsoDyn, allowing HepatoDyn to integrate data derived from 13C based experiments. As an example of dynamical simulations applied to hepatocytes, we studied the effects of high fructose concentrations on hepatocyte metabolism by integrating data from experiments in which rat hepatocytes were incubated with 20 mM glucose supplemented with either 3 mM or 20 mM fructose. These experiments showed that glycogen accumulation was significantly lower in hepatocytes incubated with medium supplemented with 20 mM fructose than in hepatocytes incubated with medium supplemented with 3 mM fructose. Through the integration of extracellular fluxes and 13C enrichment measurements, HepatoDyn predicted that this phenomenon can be attributed to a depletion of cytosolic ATP and phosphate induced by high fructose concentrations in the medium.
ChemInform Abstract: Antineoplastic Agents. Part 157. Quassia kerstingii. (1988)

Abstract The oxacanthin alkaloid components (Ia) and (Ib) are isolated from the title species.
Structural Analysis of Papain-Like NlpC/P60 Superfamily Enzymes with a Circularly Permuted Topology Reveals Potential Lipid Binding Sites (2011)

NlpC/P60 superfamily papain-like enzymes play important roles in all kingdoms of life. Two members of this superfamily, LRAT-like and YaeF/YiiX-like families, were predicted to contain a catalytic domain that is circularly permuted such that the catalytic cysteine is located near the C-terminus, instead of at the N-terminus. These permuted enzymes are widespread in virus, pathogenic bacteria, and eukaryotes. We determined the crystal structure of a member of the YaeF/YiiX-like family from Bacillus cereus in complex with lysine. The structure, which adopts a ligand-induced, "closed" conformation, confirms the circular permutation of catalytic residues. A comparative analysis of other related protein structures within the NlpC/P60 superfamily is presented. Permutated NlpC/P60 enzymes contain a similar conserved core and arrangement of catalytic residues, including a Cys/His-containing triad and an additional conserved tyrosine. More surprisingly, permuted enzymes have a hydrophobic S1 binding pocket that is distinct from previously characterized enzymes in the family, indicative of novel substrate specificity. Further analysis of a structural homolog, YiiX (PDB 2if6) identified a fatty acid in the conserved hydrophobic pocket, thus providing additional insights into possible function of these novel enzymes.
Quantum Metasurfaces (2020)

We introduce quantum metasurfaces: a new interface for quantum light-matter interaction which is realized by atomic arrays, and enables generation of atom-photon entanglement and many-body photonic states suitable for quantum information processing.
Gas Evolution Characteristics and Passivity in Air of Iron Ultrafine Powders (1991)

Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) experiments of iron ultrafine powders (UFPs) prepared by the “hydrogen plasma-metal” reaction method, which had been subjected to a slow oxidation and exposure to air, was carried out, and compared with those of iron UFPs prepared by the vaporization method. These thermal desorption spectra were similar to each other. This means that the gas evolution spectra do not depend on the preparation methods of the powders, but depend on the surface conditions of the iron.Surface compounds of iron UFPs after exposure to air and their role in the passivity in air were also investigated from the thermal desorption characteristics of the iron UFPs prepared by the vaporization method. After reduction, re-slow oxidation and followed by exposure to water vapour or mixture of water vapour and oxygen, thermal desorption experiments were carried out for the iron UFPs prepared by a vaporization method. The surface layers of iron UFPs consisted of Fe3O4, γ-Fe2O3 and iron oxyhydroxide. The formation of Fe3O4 or γ-Fe2O3 on the clean iron surface and followed by the formation of iron oxyhydroxide on these oxides were effective for the stabilization of the powder against atmospheric oxidation (corrosion). We demonstrate that iron UFPs, which have a large specific surface area, are excellent as a sample for the investigation of the gas adsorption and desorption characteristics of the iron surface.
Measurement of the Decays<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">B</mml:mi><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">φ</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">K</mml:mi></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>B</mml:mi><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>φ</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">K</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>*</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2001)

We have observed the decays $B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\varphi}K$ and $\ensuremath{\varphi}{K}^{*}$ in a sample of over 45 million $B$ mesons collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II collider. The measured branching fractions are $B({B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\varphi}{K}^{+})\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}({7.7}_{\ensuremath{-}1.4}^{+1.6}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.8)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$, $B({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\varphi}{K}^{0})\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}({8.1}_{\ensuremath{-}2.5}^{+3.1}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.8)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$, $B({B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\varphi}{K}^{*+})\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}({9.7}_{\ensuremath{-}3.4}^{+4.2}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.7)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$, and $B({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\varphi}{K}^{*0})\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}({8.7}_{\ensuremath{-}2.1}^{+2.5}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.1)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$. We also report the upper limit $B({B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\varphi}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+})&lt;1.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ ( $90%$ C.L.).
The mechanism of effect of growth hormone on preadipocyte and adipocyte function (2000)

Growth hormone (GH) is not only the major regulator of postnatal somatic growth but also exerts profound effects on body composition through a combination of anabolic, lipolytic and antinatriuretic actions. GH enhancement of the lipolytic activity of adipose tissue in combination with a reduction of triglyceride accumulation via inhibition of lipoprotein lipase activity appears to be the major mechanism by which GH results in a reduction of the total fat mass. Recently, much progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanism by which GH affects cellular function. This review provides a brief discourse and summary of the mechanism of effects of GH on preadipocyte/adipocyte function. It is intended to provide a functional understanding of the mechanism of action of GH as it relates to adipogenesis and adipocyte function.
Tailoring a high-transmission fiber probe for photon scanning tunneling microscope (1996)

Transmission efficiency of a fiber probe used in photon scanning tunneling microscope is evaluated as a function of aperture diameter. The apertured probe has been fabricated by chemical etching technique and metal coating. By comparing two types of probes with different cone angles, we determine the most influential factor in the transmission property of the metal-cladding tapered waveguide. A long tip with high efficiency is developed by a multistep etching method so as to be suitable during actual scanning operation. Photoluminescence imaging of lateral p-n junctions on the GaAs substrate is demonstrated in the illumination-collection hybrid mode operation of photon scanning tunneling microscope.