gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Figure S4 from Undermining Glutaminolysis Bolsters Chemotherapy While NRF2 Promotes Chemoresistance in KRAS-Driven Pancreatic Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Effects of NRF2 activation on metabolomics&lt;/p&gt;
A novel <sup>15</sup>N‐labeling method to selectively observe <sup>15</sup>NH<sub>2</sub> resonances of proteins in <sup>1</sup>H‐detected heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy (1992)

An experimental method to selectively label side-chain NH2 groups of glutamine and asparagine in proteins with 15N is proposed. This selective labeling method enables to observe only 15NH2 resonances and thus, to discriminate between 15NH and 15NH2 resonances in a 1H-detected heteronuclear correlation spectrum. This method gives results with approximately two times higher sensitivity than those obtained by elaborate pulse sequences such as DEPT-HSQC and will be useful for studying the molecular interaction involving the side chains of Asn and Gln residues.
Figure S2 from Characterizing the immune microenvironment and neoantigen landscape of Hürthle cell carcinoma to identify potential immunologic vulnerabilities (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The most frequently mutated genes included MADCAM1 (12%), EIF1AX (10%), NF1 (10%), PTPRS (10%), NRAS (8%), TP53 (8%) (A). The majority of mutations were SNVs with a small percentage of deletions and insertions (B). Missense mutations were most common followed by splice site mutations, frameshift deletions and nonsense mutations. The most common DNA substitution types were C&gt;T transitions, followed by T&gt;C transitions, C&gt;A transversions, C&gt;G transversions. The distribution of DNA substitution type per tumor is shown in C.&lt;/p&gt;
Chemical and enzymic intermediates in the peroxidation of o-dianisidine by horseradish peroxidase. 2. Evidence for a substrate radical-enzyme complex and its reaction with nucleophiles (1979)

Changes in the optical absorption spectrum of horseradish peroxidase, during the oxidation of o-dianisidine at pH 7.5, reveal an intermediate distinct from the previously described compounds I and II. The rate of decay of this new complex appeared to be rate limiting for the catalytic cycle, in this pH range, since imidazole, which augments the catalytic reaction, also enhanced the rate of decay of this complex. Nitrogenous compounds reportedly unable to ligate to hemes, such as 2-methylimidazole and benzimidazole, were nevertheless capable of augmenting the HRP-catalyzed rate of oxidation of o-dianisidine. The activity of nitrogenous compounds, in this regard, appeared to be a function of their nucleophilicity and was sensitive to steric factors but relatively free of a deuterium solvent isotope effect. The data presented in this and in the preceding paper [Claiborne, A., & Fridovich, I. (1979) Biochemistry 18 (preceding paper in this issue)] lead to the suggestion that the nucleophile-responsive intermediate is an enzyme--dianisidine radical complex and that abstraction of the second electron from the bound radical is facilitated by binding of nitrogenous nucleophiles.
Free, long-chain, polyunsaturated fatty acids reduce membrane electrical excitability in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. (1995)

Because previous studies showed that polyunsaturated fatty acids can reduce the contraction rate of spontaneously beating heart cells and have antiarrhythmic effects, we examined the effects of the fatty acids on the electrophysiology of the cardiac cycle in isolated neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Exposure of cardiomyocytes to 10 microM eicosapentaenoic acid for 2-5 min markedly increased the strength of the depolarizing current required to elicit an action potential (from 18.0 +/- 2.4 pA to 26.8 +/- 2.7 pA, P < 0.01) and the cycle length of excitability (from 525 ms to 1225 ms, delta = 700 +/- 212, P < 0.05). These changes were due to an increase in the threshold for action potential (from -52 mV to -43 mV, delta = 9 +/- 3, P < 0.05) and a more negative resting membrane potential (from -52 mV to -57 mV, delta = 5 +/- 1, P < 0.05). There was a progressive prolongation of intervals between spontaneous action potentials and a slowed rate of phase 4 depolarization. Other polyunsaturated fatty acids--including docosahexaenoic acid, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, and its nonmetabolizable analog eicosatetraynoic acid, but neither the monounsaturated oleic acid nor the saturated stearic acid--had similar effects. The effects of the fatty acids could be reversed by washing with fatty acid-free bovine serum albumin. These results show that free polyunsaturated fatty acids can reduce membrane electrical excitability of heart cells and provide an electrophysiological basis for the antiarrhythmic effects of these fatty acids.
Measurement of the continuous distribution of binding sites in molecularly imprinted polymers (2000)

Reported is the first affinity spectrum (AS) [number of binding sites (N) vs. association constant (K)] for a non-covalently imprinted polymer. The AS method yields the distribution of sites over a continuous range of binding constants and characterizes the heterogeneity present in imprinted polymers better than current methodologies. To demonstrate the generality of the AS method, the distributions for three different imprinted polymers (two of which were taken from the literature) were calculated from their respective binding isotherms. The shapes of the distribution curves were different yet consistent with the respective covalent or non-covalent imprinting mechanisms. Finally, the binding parameters derived from the AS method were compared with those determined by the more common Scatchard analysis and were in general agreement.
The effects of dietary soybean hulls, particle size, and diet form on nursery pig performance (2012)

A total of 1,100 nursery pigs (PIC C-29 Ã— 359, initially 15.0 lb BW) were used in a 42-d growth trial to determine the effects of increasing soybean hulls (10 or 20%) and soybean hull particle size (unground or ground) in nursery pig diets fed in both meal and pelleted forms. The average particle size of the unground and ground soybean hulls were 617 and 398 Î¼, respectively. Pens of pigs (5 barrows and 5 gilts) were balanced by initial BW and randomly allotted to 1 of 8 treatments with 11 replications per treatment. A 2-phase diet series was used with treatment diets fed from d 0 to 14 for Phase 1 and d 14 to 42 for Phase 2. Treatments were arranged in a 2 Ã— 2 Ã— 2 factorial with main effects of 10 or 20% unground or finely ground soybean hulls with diets in pelleted or meal form. For individual phases and overall (d 0 to 42), no soybean hull Ã— particle size Ã— diet form or particle size Ã— soybean hull interactions (P > 0.37 and P > 0.17, respectively) were observed; however, diet form Ã— particle size interactions were observed for F/G and ADFI (P < 0.05 and P < 0.10, respectively). Grinding soybean hulls resulted in improved F/G and reduced ADFI when added to meal diets, but did not change F/G and had less effect on ADFI when added to pelleted diets. Diet form Ã— particle size interactions (P < 0.05) also were observed for caloric efficiency on an ME and NE basis. Grinding soybean hulls slightly improved caloric efficiency in meal diets but worsened NE and ME caloric efficiency in pelleted diets. There was also a tendency for a diet form Ã— soybean hulls interaction (P < 0.06) for ADFI and F/G. Increasing soybean hulls from 10 to 20% increased ADFI and worsened F/G in meal diets but resulted in slightly reduced ADFI and no changes to F/G when added to pelleted diets; furthermore, there were tendencies for diet form Ã— soybean hulls interactions (P < 0.06) on caloric efficiency on an ME and NE basis in which increasing soybean hulls from 10 to 20% improved caloric efficiency to a greater extent in pelleted diets than in meal diets.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 15, 2012
High-throughput fluorescence imaging flow cytometry with light-sheet excitation and machine learning (Conference Presentation) (2018)

Fluorescence imaging flow cytometry offers highly accurate analysis of a large number of cells compared with conventional flow cytometry by virtue of its imaging capability. Unfortunately, the throughput of conventional fluorescence imaging flow cytometers is limited to ~1,000 cells/sec, which is one order of magnitude lower than that of conventional non-imaging flow cytometers. This is due to the low data transfer rate of a CCD image sensor with a time-delay integration technique employed to achieve sufficient sensitivity for fluorescence imaging of fast flowing cells. Replacing the CCD image sensor with a CMOS image sensor can potentially overcome the throughput limitation by virtue of its high data transfer rate, but critically sacrifice the imaging sensitivity because the time-delay integration cannot be employed to current CMOS image sensors. Here we present a fluorescence imaging flow cytometer that achieves comparable throughput and sensitivity with non-imaging flow cytometers. It is enabled by high-energy-density light-sheet excitation of flowing cells on a mirror-embedded PDMS-based microfluidic chip and by fluorescence image acquisition with a CMOS image sensor. The light-sheet excitation allows us obtain fluorescence images of flowing cells at a speed of >1 m/s, corresponding to a high throughput of >10,000 cells/sec. To show its biomedical utility, we use it combined with machine learning to demonstrate accurate screening of white blood cells and real-time identification of cancer cells in blood.
Structural Damping and Health Monitoring Enhancement via Multifunctional Carbon Nanotube-Based Composites Tailoring (2011)

Abstract : Damping enhancement can lead to significant enhancement of mission capability in Army structures such as those used in rotorcraft, for instance. The objective of this investigation is to explore and understand the fundamental mechanisms of damping provided by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in polymer-based materials such as those used to fabricate fiber composites, and to use this new understanding to explore further enhancements in damping. In addition, the feasibility of using carbon nanotubes for damage detection in polymeric composites is explored. Multi-scale micromechanics - molecular dynamics models of CNTs embedded in polymer resin have been developed to simulate damping of aligned and unaligned CNTs. The models point to the importance of CNT morphology and functionalization in tuning overall damping behavior. Novel methods of aligning and chaining carbon nanofibers and CNTs with AC electric fields have been developed and used to make epoxy-based nanocomposites. Multiphysics models of CNT chain formation in liquid epoxy explain the experimental observations of a peak growth rate at an optimal electrical frequency. A model of a polymer composite containing CNTs indicated that a crack could be detected with significantly greater sensitivity if external tuned resonance circuitry is used.
Kationische Zwischenstufen bei der intramolekularen Insertion von Alkenen in (η<sup>3</sup>‐Allyl)palladium(<scp>II</scp>)‐Komplexe (1997)

Die Palladium‐katalysierte Carbocyclisierung von Allylcarboxylaten mit Alkenen, die von Oppolzer entwickelt wurde, verläuft glatt über kationische Komplexe als Zwischenprodukte (siehe rechts). Komplexe mit zwei Donor‐Phosphan‐ oder einem zweizähnigen Liganden sind dagegen keine produktiven Zwischenstufen im Cyclisierungsprozeß. magnified image
The effects of sex steroids on spatial performance: A review and an experimental clinical investigation. (2002)

Males typically surpass females in spatial performance, an outcome that may be linked to testosterone and estrogen. The authors (a) review physiological mechanisms, developmental periods, and past empirical work relevant to sex steroids' effects on human spatial performance and (b) report an experimental study of the role of actively circulating sex steroids in adolescents being treated for delayed puberty (N = 55; mean age = 13.70 years). Sex steroids (simulating early, middle, and late puberty) and placebos were given alternately over 21 months and spatial tests were given every 3 months. Spatial performance showed traditional sex differences but did not vary with levels of actively circulating sex steroids.
Dose Response on the Faecal Colonisation of<i>Lactobacillus</i>Strain GG Administered in Two Different Formulations (1993)

Faecal concentrations of Lactobacillus GG in human subjects were studied after oral administration of the bacterium Lactobacillus GG was given in total to 44 healthy human volunteers for 7 d as enterocoated tablets with daily doses of 1 x 10 9 c.f.u., 4 x l0 9 and 8 x l0 9 c.f.u. and in fermented milk with daily doses of 2 · 1 x 10 9  c.f.u. and 1 · 2 x 10 10 c.f.u. All the volunteers excreted the organism by day 3 of the test period. There were no statistical differences in mean faecal Lactobacillus GG contents between the tablet groups. With fermented milk there was a clear, statistically significant increase in mean faecal Lactobacillus GG content when the administration was 1 · 2 x 10 10 c.f.u./d compared to 2 · 1 x l0 9 c.f.u./d. The results indicate that fermented milk and enterocoated tablets are good carriers for administering Lactobacillus GG as a probiotic organism. Keywords - Lactobacillus GG; Faecal colonisation; Human probiotic.
Influence of mask induced polarization effects on a pattern printability (2005)

Through ArF immersion lithography a road towards increased optical resolution at the 193nm wavelength has been opened. According to recently proposed roadmaps, ArF immersion lithography will be used for 65nm and 45nm technology nodes. Consequently, keeping the same 4x optical demagnification factor, the dimensions on mask scale down to wavelength values when entering these nodes. Moreover CD control becomes tighter and approaches values of 2-3nm. At such conditions, topography on mask, its type and materials cannot be ignored anymore while evaluating image formation either for design analysis or OPC adjustments. The objective of this paper is to analyze the influence of mask topography on imaging. The mask topography influences polarization state and diffraction efficiencies, which are determine further image formation. Therefore these parameters and their dependence on mask type, materials and pitches are of the major concern during the analyses. We analyze the process latitude and CD variations through pitch. The complete rigorous analysis shows improved process windows with the increase of feature aspect ratio and at the same time a large through pitch CD deviation compared to the conventional Kirchhoff diffraction model.
Reliability aware through silicon via planning for 3D stacked ICs (2009)

This work proposes reliability aware through silicon via (TSV) planning for the 3D stacked silicon integrated circuits (ICs). The 3D power distribution network is modeled and extracted in frequency domain which includes the impact of skin effect. The worst case power noise of the 3D power delivery networks (PDN) with local TSV failures resulting from fabrication process or circuit operation is identified in both frequency and time domain. From the experimental results, it is observed that a single TSV failure could increase the maximum voltage variation up to 70% which should be considered in nanoscale ICs. The parameters of the 3D PDN are designed such that the power distribution is reliable under local TSV failures. The spatial distribution of the power noise, reliability and block out area is analyzed to enhance the reliability of the 3D PDN under local TSV failure.
Computational Modelling of Metasurfaces for Strongly Divergent Beams (2019)

The control of light by means of metasurfaces with subwavelength building blocks has been explored in the last few years, giving rise to unprecedented functionalities [1,2]. Thin flat lenses and other optical components have been obtained by engineering the building blocks of metasurfaces. However, most metasurfaces realized so far are essentially designed to modify plane waves [3–5]. While the manipulation of nonplanar wave fronts is encountered in a diverse variety of applications, their control using metasurfaces is still in its infancy. Here we showcase the computational tools to design metasurfaces that can also manipulate strongly divergent light beams.
Anti-nutritional effects of a moderate dose of soybean agglutinin in the rat (2003)

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a moderate dose of purified soybean agglutinin on performance and nitrogen digestibility in rats as well as to determine its effects on the protein, DNA and RNA content of the small intestine and pancreas. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allotted into one of four groups for a 10-day nitrogen balance experiment. The four groups of rats were fed 7 g of a casein-cornstarch based diet or a similar diet supplemented with 0.1, 0.2 or 0.4 mg/g purified soybean agglutinin. All experimental diets were adjusted to an identical nutrient level. Dose of soybean agglutinin had no significant effect on rat performance. Incorporation of soybean agglutinin in the diet reduced apparent protein digestibility and the utilization of dietary protein by increasing nitrogen loss from the faeces and urine. Fresh pancreatic weight increased in rats fed soybean agglutinin at a level of 0.4 mg/g in the diet compared to the control, but the dry pancreatic weight and the protein content of the pancreas did not differ among the four groups. However the DNA and RNA content of the pancreas had a tendency to increase with a higher level of soybean agglutinin. The weight of the jejunum and its protein, DNA and RNA content were not significantly affected by soybean agglutinin, but the dry weight and the RNA of the jejunum tended to increase with higher levels of soybean agglutinin in the diet. In conclusion, purified soybean agglutinin, at moderate levels in the rats diet, had negative effects on digestive function, such as nitrogen digestibility, nitrogen retention and nitrogen balance. As the level of soybean agglutinin increased, the effects became more pronounced. Meanwhile, hypertrophy of the pancreas was observed with higher doses of soybean agglutinin incorporation in the diets.
2-methyl butyramide, a previously identified urine biomarker for Ascaris lumbricoides, is not present in infected Indonesian individuals (2017)

Urine samples used in this study were collected as part of a clinical trial with trial number ISRCTN75636394 (12 November 2013).
[Airborne contact dermatitis]. (2007)

A comprehensive bibliographical retrieval of case reports on "airborne contact dermatitis" (ACD) was performed. The present review deals with the first cases published in 1986, 1991, 2001 by Huygens as well as by Dooms-Goossens, and continues with the other pertaining clinical presentations until to day. Solid particles, rather than gases or droplets, are the most frequently reported causes of ACD.
High-performance W-band SiGe RFICs for passive millimeter-wave imaging (2009)

A W-band square-law detector was implemented in a commercial SiGe 0.12 mum BiCMOS process (IBM8HP, f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> = 200 GHz) and was integrated with a SiGe LNA and SPDT switch. The combined LNA+Detector is 0.26 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , achieves a peak responsivity of ~4 MV/W at 94 GHz with a minimum NEP < 0.02 pW/Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/2</sup> , and consumes 29 mA from a 1.2 V supply. A low-loss W-band SPDT is also integrated on some designs for an internal 50 ~ reference. The chip can achieve a temperature resolution of 0.3-0.4 K with a 30 ms integration time and ~ 20 GHz bandwidth. This represents, to our knowledge, the first W-band SiGe passive mm-wave imaging chip with state-of-the-art temperature sensitivity.
Sequences up- and down-stream of the DIS hairpin are important for HIV-1 replication (2011)

Background Infectious HIV-1 virions contain two copies of the viral RNA genome, which are non-covalently linked through sequence elements in the 5’untranslated leader region (5’UTR). This leader region is highly structured and can expose the Dimerization Initiation Signal (DIS) in a stem-loop structure. Because of the palindromic nature of the hairpin loop, a kissing-loop dimer (KLD) interaction between two DIS elements can initiate dimer formation in vitro and subsequent RNA rearrangements can result in a more stable extended dimer (ED). Unpublished findings from our laboratory suggested that the unpaired nucleotides that flank the DIS stemloop element may have a role in HIV-1 dimer formation. We therefore probed the function of these sequences during HIV-1 replication.
An Efficient Synthesis of 4-Aminomethyl-1-(2-Phenylethyl)-Piperidin-4-ol: A Key Intermediate in Fenspiride HCl Synthesis (2021)

The article confers a scalable manufacturing process of Fenspiride HCl. 4-aminomethyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)-piperidin-4-ol is the main building block in Fenspiride HCl synthesis. The reported reagents for 4-aminomethyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)-piperidin-4-ol synthesis are costly, explosive, highly toxic, produce hazardous waste, and also need to be handled with most care. The paper introduces aqueous ammonia as an alternate reagent in Fenspiride HCl and used in 4-aminomethyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)-piperidin-4-ol synthesis. The new green chemistry aspect makes the process environment-friendly and cheaper. It also eliminates toxic, sensitive, and hazardous reagents and makes the process safe on uncomplicated on bulk scale production.&#x0D; The high pure Fenspiride HCl is obtained by following this process and meets the ICH limits with good yield.
Integrating Real-Time Modeling and Assessment into a MOOC Environment for Teaching Model-Based Systems Engineering (2020)

We have designed, developed and deployed a unique edX massive open online course (MOOC) environment for teaching Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) with Object-Process Methodology (OPM) ISO 19450. In this environment, OPCloud, an OPM cloud-based conceptual modeling environment, has been embedded in the edX environment. This has enabled us, as the course instructors, to teach MBSE with an industrial-strength tool that students can experience first-hand. Students received real-time feedback on their performance, along with guidance on what they missed and the option to resubmit. We describe the architecture of this combined MOOC-modeling environment and report on preliminary performance results.
Accurate low cost phaseless measurement method of CP antennas at millimeter wave and terahertz bands (2016)

We propose a new measurement technique for CP-gain characterization of antennas at sub-mm-wave and terahertz frequencies. At these frequencies, the conventional measurement techniques fail, due to waveguide-based connections and phase sensitivities. The proposed method eliminates these issues by employing a phase-less and rotation-less measurement process using standard scattering objects. The method utilizes the double reflection property of dihedral corner reflector and single reflection from metallic-plate to extract the co-pol and cross-pol characteristics of a CP-AUT. In this paper, we demonstrate the proposed method for broadside gain measurements of two different antennas in 90-140 GHz band. The technique is further employed to measure the antenna patterns across the band.