gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Observation on the effects of rabeprazole therapy in Helicobacter pylori positive duodenal bulbar ulcer (2008)

Objective:To observe the efect of rabeprazole in the treatment of duodenal bulbar ulcer with Helicobacter pylori infection.Methods: Totally 90 patients with duodenal bulbar ulcer and Hp infection were randomly divided into two groups.Group A(45 cases)were treated with rabeprazole(20 mg),clarithromycin(500 mg)and amoxicillin(1000 mg)twice daily.Group B(45 cases)were treated with omeprazole(20 mg),clarithromycin(500 mg)and amoxicillin(1000 mg)twice daily.The treatment lasted for 7 days,and the two groups were both treated with sucralfate(1000 mg)fourth daily for four weeks.After treatment,they were reexamined with gastroscopy and HP test,and symptoms were evaluated and compared.Results: The symptoms of two groups were ameliorated visibly.The curative effect of ulcer and in rabeprazole treated group was better than that of random treated group(P0.01).Conclusion: The cure rate of ulcer and the radical cure rate of HP,in rabeprazole treated group were higher than random treated group(P0.05).
Control of spontaneous B lymphocyte autoimmunity with adenovirus‐encoded soluble TACI (2004)

BLyS blockade has little effect on IgG levels in normal mice, but reverses the production of spontaneously produced IgM and IgG autoantibodies in the setting of established autoimmunity. Blockade of BLyS ameliorates B cell-dependent disease manifestations even in the MRL.lpr/lpr model, but its effectiveness on autonomous T cell aspects of the disease is limited. Moreover, its effectiveness is neutralized by anti-TACI antibodies when present. These results provide a basis for understanding the potential effects of BLyS blockade in human disease.
DNA-Binding and Cytotoxicity of Copper(I) Complexes Containing Functionalized Dipyridylphenazine Ligands (2021)

A set of copper(I) coordination compounds with general formula [CuBr(PPh<sub>3</sub>)(dppz-R)] (dppz-R = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (<b>Cu-1</b>), 11-nitrodipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (<b>Cu-2</b>), 11-cyanodipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (<b>Cu-3</b>), dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine-11-phenone (<b>Cu-4</b>), 11,12-dimethyldipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (<b>Cu-5</b>)) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, <sup>1</sup>H-NMR and <sup>31</sup>P-NMR spectroscopies as well as mass spectrometry. The structure of <b>Cu-1</b> was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The effect of incorporating different functional groups on the dppz ligand on the binding into CT-DNA was evaluated by absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence quenching of EtBr-DNA adducts, and viscosity measurements. The functional groups affected the binding modes and hence the strength of binding affinities, as suggested by the changes in the relative viscosity. The differences in the quenching constants (K<sub>sv</sub>) obtained from the fluorescence quenching assay highlight the importance of the functional groups in altering the binding sites on the DNA. The molecular docking data support the DNA-binding studies, with the sites and mode of interactions against B-DNA changing with the different functional groups. Evaluation of the anticancer activities of the five copper compounds against two different cancer cell lines (M-14 and MCF-7) indicated the importance of the functional groups on the dppz ligand on the anticancer activities. Among the five copper complexes, the cyano-containing complex (<b>Cu-3</b>) has the best anticancer activities.
Vitamin D receptor ligands: the impact of crystal structures (2012)

During the last 5 years, a large number of new 1α,25(OH)(2)D(3) analogs, many of which have an interesting functional profile, have been patented. Moreover, for a surprisingly high number of 1α,25(OH)(2)D(3) analogs, the crystal structure data of their complex with the VDR is available. This structural information provides important insight into the functional potential of the VDR ligands and explains their agonistic and antagonistic action. However, so far, only for a few VDR ligands, a rational design, based on crystal structure information, has been applied. The design of future analogs may also take the specificity of co-factor interaction into account, in order to create selective VDR modulators.
28-fs electron pulses for atomic-scale diffraction (2015)

Visualizing the rearrangement of atoms in a wide range of molecular and condensed-matter systems requires resolving picometer displacements on a ten-femtosecond time scale. Here we demonstrate the compression of single-electron pulses with a de Broglie wavelength of 0.08 ångström to a duration of 28±5 femtoseconds (full width at half maximum) or 12±2 femtoseconds (standard deviation), substantially shorter than any laser pulses involved. Atomic resolution diffraction from a complex organic molecule is obtained with good signalto- noise ratio within a data acquisition period of minutes. The electron-laser timing is found to be stable within 5 fs (standard deviation) over several hours, allowing pump-probe diffraction at repetitive excitation. These measurements show the feasibility of laserpump/ electron-probe scans that can resolve the fastest atomic motions relevant in reversible condensed matter transformations and organic chemistry.
Multi-resolution feedback to minimize communication data and improve output accuracy (2010)

In this paper, a multi-resolution feedback method is proposed to reduce the communication data in isolated digital power supplies in an attempt to avoid technical and cost disadvantages of high-speed circuits. It uses only 4 bits per sample to provide 10-bit output accuracy, which is higher than existing isolated digital designs. Simulation and preliminary experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Enhanced Binding of Azidothymidine-resistant Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Reverse Transcriptase to the 3′-Azido-3′-deoxythymidine 5′-Monophosphate-terminated Primer (1998)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is resistant to 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine (AZT) when four amino acid substitutions (D67N, K70R, T215F, and K219Q) are present simultaneously in its reverse transcriptase. Wild-type and AZT-resistant reverse transcriptases show identical binding to a 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine 5′-monophosphate (AZTMP)-terminated primer/RNA template. On DNA templates, the equilibrium dissociation constant (<i>K</i> <sub>D</sub>) for primer/template and AZT-resistant reverse transcriptase (RT) (<i>K</i> <sub>D</sub> = 4.1 nm) is similar to that of the wild-type enzyme (<i>K</i> <sub>D</sub> = 6.2 nm). However, <i>k</i> <sub>off</sub> is 4–25-fold lower for the AZT-resistant enzyme than for the wild-type enzyme, depending on the nucleotide and the template. The kinetic decay of a wild-type RT/primer/AZTMP-terminated DNA template complex is biphasic. Seventy percent of the initial complex decays with a rate constant greater than 0.05 s<sup>−1</sup>, and 30% with a rate constant of 0.0017 s<sup>−1</sup>. Decay of an AZT-resistant RT/AZTMP-terminated primer/DNA template complex is monophasic, with a rate constant of 0.0018 s<sup>−1</sup>. The last two nucleotides at the 3′ end of the AZTMP-terminated DNA primer in complex with AZT-resistant RT, but not wild-type RT, and a DNA template are protected from exonuclease digestion, suggesting that enhanced binding of the 3′ end of the AZTMP-terminated DNA primer to reverse transcriptase is involved in the mechanism of AZT resistance by human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
New Lewis-Basic <i>N</i>-Oxides as Chiral Organocatalysts in Asymmetric Allylation of Aldehydes (2003)

Allylation of aromatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes 1a-k with allyltrichlorosilane 2 can be catalyzed by the new heterobidentate, terpene-derived bipyridine N-monoxides 4, 6a,b, and 8-11 (</=10 mol %) to afford (S)-(-)-3 with high enantioselectivities (</=99% ee). The stereochemical outcome has been found to be controlled by the axial chirality of the catalyst, which in turn is determined by the central chirality of the annulated terpene units. Solvent effects on the conversion and the level of asymmetric induction have been elucidated, and MeCN has been identified as the optimal solvent for these catalysts.
Ordered Porous Materials for Emerging Applications (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Area-Delay Efficient Binary Adders in QCA (2013)

As transistors decrease in size more and more of them can be accommodated in a single die, thus increasing chip computational capabilities. However, transistors cannot get much smaller than their current size. The quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) approach represents one of the possible solutions in overcoming this physical limit, even though the design of logic modules in QCA is not always straightforward. In this brief, we propose a new adder that outperforms all state-of-the-art competitors and achieves the best area-delay tradeoff. The above advantages are obtained by using an overall area similar to the cheaper designs known in literature. The 64-bit version of the novel adder spans over 18.72 μ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of active area and shows a delay of only nine clock cycles, that is just 36 clock phases.
Nickel(II) Cyclen Complexes Bearing Ancillary Amide Appendages for the Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> (2019)

Substituted cyclen complexes of nickel(II) containing either one or two pendant amide groups were prepared as potential electrocatalysts for the reduction of CO2 to CO. Four complexes bearing two amide substituents with either tert-butyl ([Ni(DMCy2tBu)](PF6)2), mesityl ([Ni(DMCy2Mes)](PF6)2), 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl ([Ni(DMCy2CF3)](PF6)2), or pentafluorophenyl ([Ni(DMCy2C6F5)](PF6)) groups were all easily prepared and isolated without the need for column chromatography. Similarly, two other nickel(II) cyclen derivatives containing a single mesityl substituted amide pendant ([Ni(DMCyMes)(Cl)](PF6) and [Ni(TrMCyMes)(Cl)]Cl) were also prepared. X-ray crystal structures were obtained for each of these complexes and show that the pendant amides are bound to the nickel(II) center at the core of the cyclen complexes. The amides coordinate to the central metal via either the amide oxygen or amide nitrogen atoms depending on the electronic properties of the amide group. The ability of each of the six complexes to electrochemically reduce CO2 was surveyed by voltammetric and controlled potential electrolysis (CPE) experiments. As the functional groups on the amide arms become more electron donating, the ability of the complexes to electrochemically activate CO2 improves. Of the four complexes containing two amide groups, [Ni(DMCy2tBu)](PF6)2 and [Ni(DMCy2Mes)](PF6)2 show the highest Faradaic efficiencies and current densities for CO production in contrast to homologues that contain amides with fluorinated ancillary groups ([Ni(DMCy2CF3)](PF6)2 and [Ni(DMCy2C6F5)](PF6)). Ultimately, of the six cyclen complexes studied, the two that contain only a single pendant amide ([Ni(DMCyMes)(Cl)](PF6) and [Ni(TrMCyMes)(Cl)]Cl) proved to be the most active and efficient architectures for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO. Both the [Ni(DMCyMes)(Cl)](PF6) and [Ni(TrMCyMes)(Cl)]Cl complexes were stable under the conditions of electrocatalysis and promoted the reduction of CO2 to CO with Faradaic efficiencies as high as 80%.
Evolution of studies of HLA class I antigen processing machinery (APM) components in malignant cells. (2013)

Following a description of the way studies of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I antigen expression by tumor cells have evolved through the years, the literature related to the frequency of defects in HLA class I antigen processing machinery (APM) component expression in various types of malignancies is reviewed. In addition, the clinical significance of defects in HLA class I APM components as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms are described. Lastly, potential strategies to overcome the defects in HLAclass I APM component expression and function are discussed. The information presented indicates a revival of the interest in the characterization of HLA class I APM component expression by tumor cells since these molecules may play an important role in the outcome of immunotherapy with inhibitory checkpoint molecule-specific monoclonal antibodies in patients with malignant disease. Furthermore, they may represent a useful prognostic biomarker to select patients who might benefit from these types of immunotherapy.
Recent case studies in bearing fault detection and prognosis (2006)

This paper updates current efforts by the authors to develop fully-automated, online incipient fault detection and prognosis algorithms for drivetrain and engine bearings. The authors have developed and evolved ImpactEnergy/spl trade/, a feature extraction and analysis driven system that integrates high frequency vibration/acoustic emission data, collected using accelerometers and other sensors such as a laser interferometer to assess the health of bearings and gearboxes in turbine engines. ImpactEnergy combines advanced diagnostic features derived from waveform analysis, high-frequency enveloping, and more traditional time domain processing like root mean square (RMS) and kurtosis with classification techniques to provide bearing health information. The adaptable algorithm suite has been applied across numerous air vehicle relevant programs for the Air Force, Navy, Army, and DARPA. The techniques presented in this paper are tested and validated in a laboratory environment by monitoring multiple bearings on test rigs that replicate the operational loads of a turbomachinery environment. The capability of the software on full-scale test rigs at major OEMs (original equipment manufacturer) locations will be shown with specific data results. The team will review developments across these multiple programs and discuss specific implementation efforts to transition to the fleet in a variety of manned and unmanned platforms.
The Dim Light Melatonin Onset as a Marker for Orcadian Phase Position (1989)

Masking is known to affect a variety of circadian rhythms, making it difficult to use them as reliable markers of circadian phase position. Melatonin may be unique in that it appears to be masked only by (bright) light. Sleep and activity do not appear to influence the melatonin rhythm. By measuring the onset of melatonin production, a clearly demarcated event, we can reliably assess circadian phase position, provided blood is sampled under dim light (the dim light melatonin onset, or DLMO). The DLMO has been useful in assessing the phase-shifting properties of bright light and in phase typing patients with chronobiologic disorders, such as winter depression.
Myopia control and prevention: From lifestyle to low‐concentration atropine. The 2022 Josh Wallman Memorial Lecture (2023)

The purpose of this study was to explore the findings from the Hong Kong Children Eye Study and the Low Concentration Atropine for Myopia Progression (LAMP-1) Study. The incidence of myopia among schoolchildren in Hong Kong more than doubled during the COVID-19 pandemic, with outdoor time decreased significantly and screen time increased. The change in lifestyle during the COVID-19 pandemic aggravated myopia development. Low-concentration atropine (0.05%, 0.025% and 0.01%) is effective in reducing myopia progression with a concentration-related response. This concentration-dependent response was maintained throughout a 3-year follow-up period, and all low concentrations were well tolerated. An age-dependent effect was observed in each treatment group with 0.05%, 0.025% and 0.01% atropine. Younger age was associated with a poor treatment response to low-concentration atropine. Additionally, low-concentration atropine induced choroidal thickening along a concentration-dependent response throughout the treatment period. During the third year, continued atropine treatment achieved a better effect across all concentrations compared with the washout regimen. Stopping treatment at an older age and receiving lower concentration were associated with a smaller rebound effect. However, differences in the rebound effect were clinically small across all the three concentrations studied.
A ‘first principles’ potential energy surface for liquid water from VRT spectroscopy of water clusters (2004)

We present results of gas phase cluster and liquid water simulations from the recently determined VRT(ASP-W)III water dimer potential energy surface (the third fitting of the Anisotropic Site Potential with Woermer dispersion to vibration-rotation-tunnelling data). VRT(ASP-W)III is shown to not only be a model of high 'spectroscopic' accuracy for the water dimer, but also makes accurate predictions of vibrational ground-state properties for clusters up through the hexamer. Results of ambient liquid water simulations from VRT(ASP-W)III are compared with those from ab initio molecular dynamics, other potentials of 'spectroscopic' accuracy and with experiment. The results herein represent the first time to the authors' knowledge that a 'spectroscopic' potential surface is able to correctly model condensed phase properties of water.
Bacterial quorum sensing and nitrogen cycling in rhizosphere soil (2008)

Plant photosynthate fuels carbon-limited microbial growth and activity, resulting in increased rhizosphere nitrogen (N) mineralization. Most soil organic nitrogen is macromolecular (chitin, protein, nucleotides); enzymatic depolymerization is likely rate limiting for plant nitrogen accumulation. Analyzing Avena (wild oat) planted in microcosms containing sieved field soil, we observed increased rhizosphere chitinase and protease-specific activities, bacterial cell densities, and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) compared with bulk soil. Low-molecular-weight (MW) DON (<3000 Da) was undetectable in bulk soil but comprised 15% of rhizosphere DON. Extracellular enzyme production in many bacteria requires quorum sensing (QS), cell-density-dependent group behavior. Because proteobacteria are considered major rhizosphere colonizers, we assayed the proteobacterial QS signals N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), which were significantly increased in the rhizosphere. To investigate the linkage between soil signaling and nitrogen cycling, we characterized 533 bacterial isolates from Avena rhizosphere: 24% had chitinase or protease activity and AHL production; disruption of QS in seven of eight isolates disrupted enzyme activity. Many Alphaproteobacteria were newly found with QS-controlled extracellular enzyme activity. Enhanced specific activities of nitrogen-cycling enzymes accompanied by bacterial density-dependent behaviors in rhizosphere soil gives rise to the hypothesis that QS could be a control point in the complex process of rhizosphere nitrogen mineralization.
Assessment of the Electrochemical Synthesis Route to Silicones Starting from Silica as Feedstock (2022)

Abstract We successfully achieved methylation of various SiO 2 sources to cyclic methylsiloxanes via electroreduction reaction. Contrary to previous assumptions, the reaction does not start from methanol as methyl radical source, that results in methoxylation of the electrolyte solvent. Methylammonium cations were found to enable the direct conversion, strongly dependent on the radical intermediate stabilization by the electrolyte. THF/Bu 4 NCF 3 SO 3 is the sole applicable system with yields below 14 % referred to the methylammonium cations for the highest amount of product obtained so far. Mechanistic insights show that methylation does not occur via the supposed hydrolysis of dimethoxydimethylsilane intermediate, but via a direct conversion reaction, as comparative studies of a Fenton‐type procedure clearly indicate. Further, cyclic methylsiloxane products are prone to subsequent electrochemical equilibration, strongly directed by the electrolyte solvent.
Sulfonium cations as versatile strongly π-acidic ligands (2022)

More than a century old, sulfonium cations are still intriguing species in the landscape of organic chemistry. On one hand they have found broad applications in organic synthesis and materials science, but on the other hand, while isoelectronic to the ubiquitous tertiary phosphine ligands, their own coordination chemistry has been neglected for the last three decades. Here we report the synthesis and full characterization of the first Rh(i) and Pt(ii) complexes of sulfonium. Moreover, for the first time, coordination of an aromatic sulfonium has been established. A thorough computational analysis of the exceptionally short S-Rh bonds obtained attests to the strongly π-accepting nature of sulfonium cations and places them among the best π-acceptor ligands available today. Our calculations also show that embedding within a pincer framework enhances their π-acidity even further. Therefore, in addition to the stability and modularity that these frameworks offer, our pincer complexes might open the way for sulfonium cations to become powerful tools in π-acid catalysis.
Effects of transfer line on MS sampling and analysis of VOCs in air (1995)

The growing development of field analytical techniques for use in characterization of remediation sites, continuous emission monitoring of chemical processes, and locating sources for fugitive emissions has produced a variety of new methods and instrumentation for determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air and soil gas samples. Transfer lines are often used to convey these samples from remote sites, subsurface environments, or chemical reactors. The objective of this study was to determine the suitability of Silcosteel{trademark} tubing for such applications.
Real-time multiple video streams processing on PC-based FPGA platform (2012)

Programmable embedded media server based video surveillance system is prevalent as it has the capability to accommodate large network of cameras. The implementation of a wide range of programmable security analytics application in PC-based platform demands high processing bandwidth and high-end hardware specification requirements. This is due to insufficient compute resource by multicore CPU in performing some of the computationally intensive analytics operations at acceptable data rates. This paper presents a platform design considerations for programmable video analytics solving compute intensive video data processing leading to cost-efficient embedded platform solution. Our experimental analysis covers PC-based processing pipeline analysis for CPU resources to be used as design input for processing data offloading between multicore CPU and FPGA. The result identifies the processing bottleneck in PC-based media server with video analytics processing component consumes 81% of the total CPU processing cycles. This leads to the exploration of the PCI Express capability in FPGA for system solution as a transfer medium between these computing units.