gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reliability of Serum Metabolite Concentrations over a 4-Month Period Using a Targeted Metabolomic Approach (2011)

Metabolomics is a promising tool for discovery of novel biomarkers of chronic disease risk in prospective epidemiologic studies. We investigated the between- and within-person variation of the concentrations of 163 serum metabolites over a period of 4 months to evaluate the metabolite reliability expressed by the intraclass-correlation coefficient (ICC: the ratio of between-person variance and total variance). The analyses were performed with the BIOCRATES AbsoluteIDQ™ targeted metabolomics technology, including acylcarnitines, amino acids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids and hexose in 100 healthy individuals from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam study who had provided two fasting blood samples 4 months apart. Overall, serum reliability of metabolites over a 4-month period was good. The median ICC of the 163 metabolites was 0.57. The highest ICC was observed for hydroxysphingomyelin C14:1 (ICC = 0.85) and the lowest was found for acylcarnitine C3:1 (ICC = 0). Reliability was high for hexose (ICC = 0.76), sphingolipids (median ICC = 0.66; range: 0.24-0.85), amino acids (median ICC = 0.58; range: 0.41-0.72) and glycerophospholipids (median ICC = 0.58; range: 0.03-0.81). Among acylcarnitines, reliability of short and medium chain saturated compounds was good to excellent (ICC range: 0.50-0.81). Serum reliability was lower for most hydroxyacylcarnitines and monounsaturated acylcarnitines (ICC range: 0.11-0.45 and 0.00-0.63, respectively). For most of the metabolites a single measurement may be sufficient for risk assessment in epidemiologic studies with healthy subjects.
A γ-Secretase Inhibitor, but Not a γ-Secretase Modulator, Induced Defects in BDNF Axonal Trafficking and Signaling: Evidence for a Role for APP (2015)

Clues to Alzheimer disease (AD) pathogenesis come from a variety of different sources including studies of clinical and neuropathological features, biomarkers, genomics and animal and cellular models. An important role for amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its processing has emerged and considerable interest has been directed at the hypothesis that Aβ peptides induce changes central to pathogenesis. Accordingly, molecules that reduce the levels of Aβ peptides have been discovered such as γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) and modulators (GSMs). GSIs and GSMs reduce Aβ levels through very different mechanisms. However, GSIs, but not GSMs, markedly increase the levels of APP CTFs that are increasingly viewed as disrupting neuronal function. Here, we evaluated the effects of GSIs and GSMs on a number of neuronal phenotypes possibly relevant to their use in treatment of AD. We report that GSI disrupted retrograde axonal trafficking of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), suppressed BDNF-induced downstream signaling pathways and induced changes in the distribution within neuronal processes of mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. In contrast, treatment with a novel class of GSMs had no significant effect on these measures. Since knockdown of APP by specific siRNA prevented GSI-induced changes in BDNF axonal trafficking and signaling, we concluded that GSI effects on APP processing were responsible, at least in part, for BDNF trafficking and signaling deficits. Our findings argue that with respect to anti-amyloid treatments, even an APP-specific GSI may have deleterious effects and GSMs may serve as a better alternative.
Bacterial swimmers that infiltrate and take over the biofilm matrix (2012)

Bacteria grow in either planktonic form or as biofilms, which are attached to either inert or biological surfaces. Both growth forms are highly relevant states in nature and of paramount scientific focus. However, interchanges between bacteria in these two states have been little explored. We discovered that a subpopulation of planktonic bacilli is propelled by flagella to tunnel deep within a biofilm structure. Swimmers create transient pores that increase macromolecular transfer within the biofilm. Irrigation of the biofilm by swimmer bacteria may improve biofilm bacterial fitness by increasing nutrient flow in the matrix. However, we show that the opposite may also occur (i.e., swimmers can exacerbate killing of biofilm bacteria by facilitating penetration of toxic substances from the environment). We combined these observations with the fact that numerous bacteria produce antimicrobial substances in nature. We hypothesized and proved that motile bacilli expressing a bactericide can also kill a heterologous biofilm population, Staphylococcus aureus in this case, and then occupy the newly created space. These findings identify microbial motility as a determinant of the biofilm landscape and add motility to the complement of traits contributing to rapid alterations in biofilm populations.
Development of a fatigue testing setup for dielectric elastomer membrane actuators (2017)

Dielectric elastomers (DE’s) represent a transduction technology with high potential in many fields, including industries, due to their low weight, flexibility, and small energy consumption. For industrial applications, it is of fundamental importance to quantify the lifetime of DE technology, in terms of electrical and mechanical fatigue, when operating in realistic environmental conditions. This work contributes toward this direction, by presenting the development of an experimental setup which permits systematic fatigue testing of DE membranes. The setup permits to apply both mechanical and electrical stimuli to several membranes simultaneously, while measuring at the same time their mechanical (force, deformation) and electrical response (capacitance, resistance). In its final state, the setup will allow to test up to 15 DE membranes at the same time for several thousands of cycles. Control of the modules, monitoring of the actuators, and data acquisition are realized on a cRio FPGA-system running with LabVIEW. The setup is located in a climate chamber, in order to investigate the fatigue mechanisms at different environmental conditions, i.e., in terms of temperature and humidity. The setup consists of two main parts, namely a fatigue group and a measurement group. The fatigue group stays permanently in the climate chamber, while the measurement group is assembled to the fatigue group and allows to perform measurements at 20&deg;C.
Optically detuned light storage in metastable helium: efficiency and stored phase (2013)

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in metastable helium at room temperature is experimentally shown to exhibit remarkable light storage capabilities for intermediate values of the detuning between the coupling and probe beams and the center of the atomic Doppler profiles. For an optical depth lower than 3, an 11% efficiency after a $3 \mu\mathrm{s}$ storage time has been achieved for a detuning measuring twice the Doppler linewidth. The associated storage lifetime has been measured to be equal to $11 \mu\mathrm{s}$. Moreover, an additional phase shift is shown to be imposed to the retrieved pulse of light when the EIT protocol is performed at non-zero optical detunings. The origin and possible applications of this detuning are discussed.
Abstract P3-01-14: Diverse inter- and intra-patient circulating tumor cells (CTCs) phenotypic heterogeneity identified in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) cohort (2019)

Abstract Background: There is unmet need for biomarkers to guide the treatment selection in MBC. We described phenotypic CTC heterogeneity in metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer(mCRPC), and showed that pts with CTC high heterogeneity have improved OS with chemotherapy, while with pts low CTC heterogeneity pts have longer OS with AR inhibitors (Scher et al. 2017 Cancer Research). Here, the same methodology was applied to evaluate the feasibility of CTC heterogeneity analysis in MBC pts. Material and methods: 92 blood samples from MBC pts were processed for HER2 CTC analysis utilizing the Epic Sciences platform. Following enumeration, multi-dimensional phenotypic characterization analysis was performed utilizing protein expression and digital pathology features. 20 features from each CTC were clustered using unsupervised approach (K-means) and the optimal number of clusters was determined using the elbow method with greater than 85% of variance taken into account. Shannon Index was used to score intra-patient CTC heterogeneity. Results: CTCs were detected in 77.2% (71/92) of the MBC pts. 1501 CTCs from 60 pts were clustered into phenotypic subtypes which are distinctively different in nuclear size, circularity, CK and HER2 intensity etc. HER2 expression was enriched in cell types that had higher CK intensity and was more circular morphologies often associated with replicative stress. A wide range of CTC phenotypic heterogeneity was observed across pts, Shannon Index scores from 0 (low heterogeneity) to 1.67 (high heterogeneity) with a median of 0.60. CTC heterogeneity was independent of CTC counts, some low count pts had heterogeneous CTC subtypes while some high count pts had homogeneous CTC subtypes. Conclusions: Diverse inter- and intra-patient phenotypic CTC heterogeneity were observed in this MBC cohort, consistent with that seen in mCRPC and other MBC cohorts (Beverly H et al, ASCO 2018). Studies linking degree and patterns of CTC heterogeneity to therapeutic outcomes are ongoing. Citation Format: Wang Y, Hom B, Ontiveros P, Landaverde C, Roth E, Levin MK, Hippely S, Landers M, Dittamore R, O'Shaughnessy JA. Diverse inter- and intra-patient circulating tumor cells (CTCs) phenotypic heterogeneity identified in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) cohort [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-01-14.
Supplementary Figures 1-8 from Development of Human Serine Protease-Based Therapeutics Targeting Fn14 and Identification of Fn14 as a New Target Overexpressed in TNBC (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures 1-8. Supplementary Figure 1: TWEAK is internalized and degraded following binding to Fn14-positive cells Supplementary Figure 2: Surface plasmon resonance analysis of TWEAK Supplementary Figure 3: GrB-TWEAK specifically internalizes into Fn14-expressing MDA-MB-231 cells Supplementary Figure 4: Effect of GrB-TWEAK in combination with chemotherapeutic agents on MDA-MB-231 cells Supplementary Figure 5: Caspase-independent PARP cleavage Supplementary Figure 6: Expression of PI-9 in various cancer cell lines Supplementary Figure 7: Change in body weight of mice from the xenograft experiments Supplementary Figure 8: Schematic of GrB-Fc-IT4 fusion protein&lt;/p&gt;
Structural, optical, and electrical characterization of ZnO/Zn 0.8 Mg 0.2 O quantum wells for UV applications (2002)

The structural, optical, and electrical characteristics of An<SUB>0.8</SUB>Mg<SUB>0.2</SUB>O/ZnO/Zn<SUB>0.8</SUB>Mg<SUB>0.2</SUB>O quantum well heterostructures, are reported. The structures consist of a ZnO quantum well, with thickness of 6 nm, 8 nm, or 50 nm, placed between two Zn<SUB>0.8</SUB>Mg<SUB>0.2</SUB>O barriers, with a thickness of 7nm. The epitaxial layers are grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on c-cut sapphire substrates. Resonant tunneling action in the 6 nm and 8 nm width single quantum well has been observed. Negative differential resistance (NDR) peaks were evident at room temperature and at 200 K in this system for the first time. X-ray diffraction spectra showed high crystal quality, and pulsed photoluminescence measurements showed high quality hetero- interfaces with a FWHM of 5.6 meV at 77K. The photoluminescence (PL) transitions in the quantum wells occurred at wavelengths of 345.55 nm and 348.22nm for the 6 nm and 8 nm well width respectively. The current-voltage characteristics of the structures showed the negative differential resistance peaks at RT and 200 K, making this type of wide band-gap semiconductor material system a very promising system for applications both in electron transport and in UV detector devices.
Acetylcholine Recognition by a Deep, Biomimetic Pocket (2003)

Four negative charges at the entrance of a deep pocket, lined with aromatic residues are the features of a synthetic receptor which shows high affinity for acetylcholine (see picture) and choline in water. The size, shape, and charge recognition elements featured in the natural enzyme acetylcholinesterase are reproduced by the synthetic receptor.
Density gradient electrophoresis of cultured human embryonic kidney cells (1985)

Ground based confirmation of the electrophoretic heterogeneity of human embryonic kidney cell cultures, the general characterization of their electrophoretic migration, and observations on the general properties of cultures derived from electrophoretic subpopulations were studied. Cell migration in a density gradient electrophoresis column and cell electrophoretic mobility was determined. The mobility and heterogeneity of cultured human embryonic kidney cells with those of fixed rat erythrocytes as model test particle was compared. Electrophoretically separated cell subpopulations with respect to size, viability, and culture characteristics were examined.
Biology of Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrium in Women with Endometriosis (2011)

The pathogenesis and etiology of endometriosis are difficult to dissect experimentally and remain a challenging problem both clinically and scientifically. The basis of improved understanding is better knowledge of its cell biology. Therefore, we address in this review the cell biology of eutopic and ectopic endometrium in the context of cell differentiation, escape mechanisms and the influence of the pelvic microenvironment on the development of endometriotic lesions. We revisit experimental and descriptive observations regarding the presumed changes in eutopic endometrial phenotype in affected women and the emergence and differential expression of molecules in endometriotic foci. Here we focus on the molecular mechanisms of cell–cell adhesion, particularly the role of cadherin expression and the integrin/extracellular matrix expression profile and their putative modulation by growth factors, prostaglandins and interleukins increased in the pelvic fluid of affected women.
Motion Features for Visual Speech Recognition (2011)

The performance of a visual speech recognition technique is greatly influenced by the choice of visual speech features. Speech information in the visual domain can be generally categorized into static (mouth appearance) and motion (mouth movement) features. This chapter reviews a number of computer-based lip-reading approaches using motion features. The motion-based visual speech recognition techniques can be broadly categorized into two types of algorithms: optical-flow and image subtraction. Image subtraction techniques have been demonstrated to outperform optical-flow based methods in lip-reading. The problem with image subtraction-based method using difference of frames (DOF) is that these features capture the changes in the images over time, but do not indicate the direction of the mouth movement. New motion features to overcome the limitation of the conventional image subtraction-based techniques in visual speech recognition are presented in this chapter. The proposed approach extracts features by applying motion segmentation on image sequences. Video data are represented in a 2-D space using grayscale images named as motion history images (MHI). MHIs are spatio-temporal templates that implicitly encode the temporal component of mouth movement. Zernike moments are computed from MHIs as image descriptors and classified using support vector machines (SVMs). Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed technique yield a high accuracy in a phoneme classification task. The results suggest that dynamic information is important for visual speech recognition.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
Improving mental regeneration after physical exercise (2008)

Background Nutritional interventions to improve physical regeneration after exercise are usual practice among recreational and professional athletes. Frequent strategies include rehydration, in addition to supplementation with macronutrients to replenish depleted glycogen stores, or to support muscle growth and/or maintenance. Physically challenging exercise results in a significant activation of brain activity and no nutritional strategies have yet been developed to improve mental regeneration after exercise. L-Theanine, an amino acid found in green tea leaves, might be able to improve mental regeneration since it has been linked to reducing mental stress and having relaxing effects. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study was performed to evaluate the effects of 50 or 200 mg L-theanine supplementation on mental regeneration and hormonal response to physical exercise.
Severe impairment of male reproductive organ development in a low SMN expressing mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy (2016)

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by low levels of survival motor neuron (SMN), a multifunctional protein essential for higher eukaryotes. While SMN is one of the most scrutinized proteins associated with neurodegeneration, its gender-specific role in vertebrates remains unknown. We utilized a mild SMA model (C/C model) to examine the impact of low SMN on growth and development of mammalian sex organs. We show impaired testis development, degenerated seminiferous tubules, reduced sperm count and low fertility in C/C males, but no overt sex organ phenotype in C/C females. Underscoring an increased requirement for SMN expression, wild type testis showed extremely high levels of SMN protein compared to other tissues. Our results revealed severe perturbations in pathways critical to C/C male reproductive organ development and function, including steroid biosynthesis, apoptosis, and spermatogenesis. Consistent with enhanced apoptosis in seminiferous tubules of C/C testes, we recorded a drastic increase in cells with DNA fragmentation. SMN was expressed at high levels in adult C/C testis due to an adult-specific splicing switch, but could not compensate for low levels during early testicular development. Our findings uncover novel hallmarks of SMA disease progression and link SMN to general male infertility.
Effects of transmission belt looseness on electrical and mechanical measurements of an induction motor (2015)

This article explores the impact of belt looseness on electrical and mechanical quantities of a system driven by an induction motor and a belt-pulley transmission. The effects of this defect, for example the belt slipping or the apparition of spectral signatures in some measurements, are first investigated under steady state operation. Transient state tests are then performed to analyse, in the time domain, the system response to a step of the speed reference. The behaviour of different variables (slip, speed, currents, etc.) is studied for different health conditions and the increase of the belt looseness clearly impact the electric and mechanical variables' waveforms. The experimental tests carried out in this study, under steady or transient state, show promising results for the diagnosis of belt degradations. Perspectives of this work are therefore detailed at the end of this paper.
Photodegradable poly(ester amide)s for indirect light-triggered release of paclitaxel (2014)

A photodegradable poly(ester amide) was developed. An amphiphilic graft copolymer derivative with paclitaxel conjugated <italic>via</italic> ester linkages formed micelles that released paclitaxel in response to UV light.
1401 Development of cooling structures for Blu-ray disc compatible optical disc drives using computational fluid dynamics based on Cartesian grid method(2) (2006)

Complex flow structures in optical disc drives compatible for Blu-ray disc, were investigated by numerical flow simulation based on the Cartesian grid method. From the simulation results, we found that additional hole on the tray outside of the disc induced the secondary upward flow which was caused by asymmetric pressure and velocity distribution. And the experimental results showed that the cooling effect of the laser diode increased and the disc vibration was not influenced by the additional hole on the tray.
A search for flavour changing neutral currents in top-quark decays in pp collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at $ \sqrt{s}=7\;TeV $ (2012)

A bstract A search for flavour changing neutral current (FCNC) processes in top-quark decays by the ATLAS Collaboration is presented. Data collected from pp collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of $ \sqrt{s}=7\;TeV $ during 2011, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.1 fb −1 , were used. A search was performed for top-quark pair-production events, with one top quark decaying through the t → Zq FCNC ( q = u, c ) channel, and the other through the Standard Model dominant mode t → W b . Only the decays of the Z boson to charged leptons and leptonic W -boson decays were considered as signal. Consequently, the final-state topology is characterised by the presence of three isolated charged leptons, at least two jets and missing transverse momentum from the undetected neutrino. No evidence for an FCNC signal was found. An upper limit on the t → Zq branching ratio of BR( t → Zq ) &lt; 0 . 73% is set at the 95% confidence level.
Human Muc 1 Mucin Gene Expression in the Fetal Pancreas (1992)

The expression of the human Muc 1 mRNA was evaluated during fetal pancreatic development. Human fetal pancreatic tissues were collected at various stages from 13 to 24 weeks of age. Northern blot analysis of total RNA from these tissues showed that Muc 1 mRNA was not detectable until 18-19 weeks of age. Therefore, Muc 1 mucin expression can be detected in prenatal human pancreata at approximately 19 weeks of age and thereafter.
Kinetics, isotherms, and competition in polymer adsorption using the quartz crystal microbalance (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics, isotherms, and competition in polymer adsorption using the quartz crystal microbalanceHong Xu and Joseph B. SchlenoffCite this: Langmuir 1994, 10, 1, 241–245Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00013a035https://doi.org/10.1021/la00013a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views503Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts