gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P3‐336: Purification and cocrystallization of nicastrin ectodomain (2008)

Nicastrin (NCT) is an essential component of gamma-secretase, a multiprotein complex that catalyzes intramembranous cleavage of APP, Notch and other substrates. Shah, Yu and colleagues have reported that the large ectodomain of NCT functions as a receptor that recognizes and captures substrate to facilitate proteolysis. At present, very little information has emerged pertaining to the domains through which the components within the complex interact, or the structural basis for NCT recognition and binding to substrates. We have employed a co-crystallization strategy that provides a superb methodology to facilitate crystal growth and improve crystal quality for nicastrin structural studies. We purified nicastrin ectodomain (NCTect) from the medium of a mammalian cell line that stably expresses NCTect, and deglycosylated this subject to remove N-glycans. Using a phage library that displays a large number of potential binders with desired diversities, we performed multiple rounds of affinity selection against NCTect. Eight independent Fab fragments have been successfully identified that tightly bind NCTect. The binding strength was determined by surface plasmon resonance biosensor, with dissociation constants in the lower nanomolar range. The nicastrin and Fab fragment form stable complexes which are now being isolated and purified for crystallization trials.
On-chip free beam optics on a polymer-based photonic integration platform (2017)

This paper presents on-chip free beam optics on polymer-based photonic components. Due to the circumstance that waveguide-based optics allows no direct beam access we use Gradient index (GRIN) lenses assembled into the chip to collimate the beam from the waveguides. This enables low loss power transmission over a length of 1432 µm. Even though the beam propagates through air it is possible to create a resonator with a wavelength shift of 0.002 nm/°C, hence the allowed deviations from the ITU-T grid (100 GHz) are met for ± 20 °C. In order to guarantee reliable laser stability, it is necessary to implement optical isolators at the output of the laser. This requires the insertion of bulk material into the chip and is realized by a 1050 µm thick coated glass. Due to the large gap of the free-space section, it is possible to combine different resonators together. This demonstrates the feasibility of an integrated wavelength-meter.
Modeling Corporate Epidemiology (2010)

Corporate responses to illness is currently an ad-hoc, subjective process that has little basis in data on how disease actually spreads at the workplace. Additionally, many studies have shown that productivity is not an individual factor but a social one: in any study on epidemic responses this social factor has to be taken into account. The barrier to addressing this problem has been the lack of data on the interaction and mobility patterns of people in the workplace. We have created a wearable Sociometric Badge that senses interactions between individuals using an infra-red (IR) transceiver and proximity using a radio transmitter. Using the data from the Sociometric Badges, we are able to simulate diseases spreading through face-to-face interactions with realistic epidemiological parameters. In this paper we construct a curve trading off productivity with epidemic potential. We are able to take into account impacts on productivity that arise from social factors, such as interaction diversity and density, which studies that take an individual approach ignore. We also propose new organizational responses to diseases that take into account behavioral patterns that are associated with a more virulent disease spread. This is advantageous because it will allow companies to decide appropriate responses based on the organizational context of a disease outbreak.
Directed Signaling Cascades in Monodisperse Artificial Eukaryotic Cells (2021)

&lt;p&gt;The bottom-up assembly of multi-compartment artificial cells that are able to direct biochemical reactions along a specific spatial pathway remains a considerable engineering challenge. In this work, we address this with a microfluidic platform which is able to produce monodisperse multivesicular vesicles (MVVs) to serve as synthetic eukaryotic cells. Using a two-inlet polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) channel design to co-encapsulate different populations of liposomes we are able to produce lipid-based MVVs in a high-throughput manner and with three separate inner compartments each containing a different enzyme: α-glucosidase, glucose oxidase, and horseradish peroxidase. We demonstrate the ability of these MVVs to carry out directed chemical communication between the compartments &lt;i&gt;via &lt;/i&gt;the reconstitution of size-selective membrane pores. Therefore, the signal transduction, which is triggered externally, follows a specific spatial pathway between the compartments. We use this platform to study the effects of enzyme cascade compartmentalization by direct analytical comparison between bulk, one-, two-, and three-compartment systems. This microfluidic strategy to construct complex hierarchical structures is not only suitable to study compartmentation effects on biochemical reactions but is also applicable for developing advanced drug-delivery systems as well as minimal cells in the field of bottom-up synthetic biology.&lt;/p&gt;
Characterising trench IGBTs in resonant switching using single ended and half-bridge application circuits (2004)

This paper reports the behaviour of a new class of 1.2 kV, 25 A NPT trench gate IGBT in zero current switching (ZCS) and zero voltage switching (ZVS) and compares its performance with an equivalent state-of the-art DMOS IGBT. Two low-medium power application circuits are used as test circuits for characterisation. With its superior on-state modulation characteristics the trench IGBT shows better performance during conduction, particularly at high frequencies and high currents. However in the ZVS mode turn-off losses should be minimised by optimising circuit parameters in order to utilise the on-state performance advantage of the trench IGBT.
Identification of Ivory by Conventional Backscatter Raman and SORS (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Application of Raman Spectroscopy Conclusions Disclaimer References
Detection of pro angiogenic and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with CKD (2021)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of death in patients with native and post-transplant chronic kidney disease (CKD). To identify new biomarkers of vascular injury and inflammation, we analyzed the proteome of plasma and circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) in native and post-transplant CKD patients utilizing an aptamer-based assay. Proteins of angiogenesis were significantly higher in native and post-transplant CKD patients versus healthy controls. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) indicated Ephrin receptor signaling, serine biosynthesis, and transforming growth factor-β as the top pathways activated in both CKD groups. Pro-inflammatory proteins were significantly higher only in the EVs of native CKD patients. IPA indicated acute phase response signaling, insulin-like growth factor-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 pathway activation. These data indicate that pathways of angiogenesis and inflammation are activated in CKD patients' plasma and EVs, respectively. The pathways common in both native and post-transplant CKD may signal similar mechanisms of CVD.
Symmetry Control of Polymer Colloidal Monolayers and Crystals by Electrophoretic Deposition on Patterned Surfaces (2005)

Colloidal crystals with body-centered cubic packing (see Figure) can be fabricated by electrophoretic deposition of charged latex particles onto patterned surfaces. Laser-interference lithography produces SiO2 layers patterned with controlled symmetry that can then be used to control the orientation and symmetry of colloidal monolayers and crystals deposited onto the electrodes.
Greatly reduced losses for small-radius bends in Ti:LiNbO3 waveguides (1986)

We report the demonstration of a new concept that permits the fabrication of low-loss Ti:LiNbO3 waveguide bends with radii much smaller than previously achieved.
Guidelines for the power constrained design of a CMOS tuned LNA (2002)

The first stage of a receiver is typically an LNA (low noise amplifier) which must provide sufficient gain while introducing as little noise as possible. Recently proposed noise optimization techniques for CMOS RF circuits permit greater flexibility in selection of device geometries as well as matching elements and biasing conditions to minimize the noise figure for a specified gain or power dissipation (Shaeffer and Lee, 1997). Nevertheless, such approaches still have ambiguity because intrinsic noise is assumed to be bias-independent. To utilize the new degrees of freedom in noise figure optimization, more complete intrinsic noise information on MOSFETs across the entire bias range is needed. A recent study has reported extensive experimental noise results of the 0.75 /spl mu/m SOI MOSFET technology (Dambrine et al, 1999) but provided limited guidance for actual LNA design. A physical noise simulator has been developed using two-dimensional device simulation; successful noise simulation results have been reported for MOSFETs with channel lengths down to 0.25 /spl mu/m for the first time (Goo et al, Proc. Symp. VLSI Tech., p. 153, 1999). Based on intrinsic high frequency noise simulation results, this paper presents explicit design guidelines for a CMOS tuned LNA with power constraints.
Novel <i>MSH6</i> Mutations in Treatment-Naïve Glioblastoma and Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma Contribute to Temozolomide Resistance Independently of <i>MGMT</i> Promoter Methylation (2014)

These data demonstrate that endogenous MSH6 mutations may be present before alkylator therapy and occur in at least two histologic subtypes of adult glial neoplasms, with this report serving as the first to note these mutations in oligodendroglioma. These findings broaden our understanding of the clinical response to temozolomide in gliomas.
Is Treatment With Dithiothreitol More Effective Than Sonication for the Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection? (2018)

In this randomized study, we found no difference in sensitivity between DTT and sonication for the detection of PJI, and both of those tests were more sensitive than standard tissue cultures. Thus, cultures of sonication or DTT fluid should be considered important additional tools to standard cultures for definition of PJI and should be considered together with other criteria, especially in settings where infection is not suspected before revision surgery.Level of Evidence Level I, diagnostic study.
Pathogenic Roles of Heparan Sulfate and Its Use as a Biomarker in Mucopolysaccharidoses (2022)

Heparan sulfate (HS) is an essential glycosaminoglycan (GAG) as a component of proteoglycans, which are present on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. HS-containing proteoglycans not only function as structural constituents of the basal lamina but also play versatile roles in various physiological processes, including cell signaling and organ development. Thus, inherited mutations of genes associated with the biosynthesis or degradation of HS can cause various diseases, particularly those involving the bones and central nervous system (CNS). Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are a group of lysosomal storage disorders involving GAG accumulation throughout the body caused by a deficiency of GAG-degrading enzymes. GAGs are stored differently in different types of MPSs. Particularly, HS deposition is observed in patients with MPS types I, II, III, and VII, all which involve progressive neuropathy with multiple CNS system symptoms. While therapies are available for certain symptoms in some types of MPSs, significant unmet medical needs remain, such as neurocognitive impairment. This review presents recent knowledge on the pathophysiological roles of HS focusing on the pathogenesis of MPSs. We also discuss the possible use and significance of HS as a biomarker for disease severity and therapeutic response in MPSs.
Origin of Piezoelectricity on Langasite (2012)

Piezoelectric materials produce polars in the crystal structure and charges on the surface of the crystal, when the crystals are stressed mechanically as shown in Figure 1(a). The surface charges leads to a voltage difference between the two surfaces of the crystal. On the contrary, when the crystals are applied with an electric field, they exhibit mechanical strain or distortion as shown in Figure 1(b).
Thickness of Actinic Keratosis Does Not Predict Dysplasia Severity or P53 Expression (2016)

The severity of dysplasia and expression of p53 in actinic keratosis (AK) is of importance for the transformation to squamous cell carcinoma. It is assumed that it is most important to treat thick AKs as they are believed to be more dysplastic than thin AKs. However, a relation between AK thickness and dysplasia or the expression of p53 has never been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to investigate this possible relation. Sixty-six AKs were included for clinical and histological examination. Prior to performing a punch biopsy, the clinical thickness of each AK was measured objectively using two scale bars with a thickness of 0.5 mm and 1 mm. Subsequently, the thickness of the epidermis, the severity of dysplasia and the expression of p53 were assessed histologically. We found a strong and significant positive correlation between measured clinical thickness of the AKs and the histological thickness of epidermis (p < 0.0001). However, the clinical thickness did not correlate with either the severity of dysplasia (p = 0.7) or the expression of p53 (p = 0.5). In conclusion, thin AKs show the same severity of dysplasia and expression of p53 as thicker AK lesions. Consequently, clinical thickness cannot predict aggressiveness.
Prolonged/Delayed Cerebral Hyperperfusion in Adult Moyamoya Disease Patients with RNF213 Gene Variant c.14576G &gt; A (rs1127354431) after Superficial Temporal Artery-middle Cerebral Artery Bypass (2020)

Tashiro, Ryosuke MD; Fujimura, Miki MD, PhD; Katsuki, Masahito; Nishizawa, Taketo; Niizuma, Kuniyasu; Tominaga, Teiji MD, PhD Author Information
Response to Hassan et al. (2014)

Hookey, Lawrence MD; Maelicharkova, Andrea MD; Vanner, S J MD, MSc; Flemming, Jennifer MD, MAS Author Information
Workplace writing: An examination of technical writers in action (2015)

The purpose of this paper is to examine some of the characteristics of technical writers to better explain the genre to the layman. There are a lot of misconceptions about the duties of technical writers, and this paper looks to clear up some of these misconceptions by analyzing interviews with technical writers and examining academic research on technical writing. To conduct my research, I interviewed four technical writers from four different companies: Charles Machine Works (Ditch Witch) in Perry, Oklahoma; Keybridge Technologies in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Coating Robotics in Tulsa, Oklahoma; and Fire Protection Publications in Stillwater, Oklahoma.
Hydraulic Fracture Mapping of the High-Temperature, High-Pressure Bossier Sands in East Texas (2003)

Abstract Anadarko Petroleum Corporation has conducted a study to improve hydraulic fracturing and field development in the Bossier sands in the East Texas Basin. As part of this study, hydraulic fracture mapping was performed with microseismic imaging on three wells completed in the Bossier sands. Microseismic fracture mapping is an emerging technology to optimize development of hydraulically fractured reservoirs. This paper demonstrates the use of microseismic mapping under high temperature (300°F) conditions. It also demonstrates how the directly measured results can be implemented to calibrate a 3D fracture growth model. The study shows mapping results for waterfracs and hybrid fracture treatments (which utilize slickwater to generate the fracture geometry and crosslinked gel to transport the proppant) in the Bossier. Fracture azimuth was fairly consistent for the three wells and fit with earlier surface tiltmeter mapping result in this area. Fracture growth asymmetry was observed and is discussed in the paper. Payzone coverage was generally good but could be improved and created fracture lengths varied significantly between wells.
The interaction between cytoplasmic dynein and dynactin is required for fast axonal transport (1997)

Fast axonal transport is characterized by the bidirectional, microtubule-based movement of membranous organelles. Cytoplasmic dynein is necessary but not sufficient for retrograde transport directed from the synapse to the cell body. Dynactin is a heteromultimeric protein complex, enriched in neurons, that binds to both microtubules and cytoplasmic dynein. To determine whether dynactin is required for retrograde axonal transport, we examined the effects of anti-dynactin antibodies on organelle transport in extruded axoplasm. Treatment of axoplasm with antibodies to the p150(Glued) subunit of dynactin resulted in a significant decrease in the velocity of microtubule-based organelle transport, with many organelles bound along microtubules. We examined the molecular mechanism of the observed inhibition of motility, and we demonstrated that antibodies to p150(Glued) disrupted the binding of cytoplasmic dynein to dynactin and also inhibited the association of cytoplasmic dynein with organelles. In contrast, the anti-p150(Glued) antibodies had no effect on the binding of dynactin to microtubules nor on cytoplasmic dynein-driven microtubule gliding. These results indicate that the interaction between cytoplasmic dynein and the dynactin complex is required for the axonal transport of membrane-bound vesicles and support the hypothesis that dynactin may function as a link between the organelle, the microtubule, and cytoplasmic dynein during vesicle transport.
SENSOR NETWORK MIDDLEWARE FOR MANAGING A CROSS-LAYER ARCHITECTURE (2007)

Abstract Cross-layer designs have received much attention recently. While not as general as layered architectures, they prove to be more tunable and energy-efficient in many scenarios. This flexibility can be exploited by a middleware whose principal task is to adapt quality of service provided by the network to the application’s needs using the pre-defined parameters of the cross-layer protocol. In this paper, we study the ways in which a middleware (Milan) can control a cross-layer protocol for wireless sensor networks (DAPR), thereby ensuring that the network provides the application’s required quality of service while removing this burden from the application designer. Keywords: Cross-layer protocols, middleware, wireless sensor networks 1.
Intracerebral Sources of Human Auditory-Evoked Potentials (1999)

Evoked potentials to brief 1,000-Hz tones presented to either the left or the right ear were recorded from 30 electrodes arrayed over the head. These recordings were submitted to two different forms of source analysis: brain electric source analysis (BESA) and variable-resolution electromagnetic tomography (VARETA). Both analyses showed that the dominant intracerebral sources for the late auditory-evoked potentials (50-300 ms) were in the supratemporal plane and lateral temporal lobe contralateral to the ear of stimulation. The analyses also suggested the possibility of additional sources in the frontal lobes.
Direct determination of rate constants of slow dynamic processes by two-dimensional "accordion" spectroscopy in nuclear magnetic resonance (1982)

A novel class of NMR expts., based on the systematic variation of 3 time variables, permits both the identification of exchange networks and the direct measurement of the corresponding rate consts. in soln. Linear combinations of cross sections taken from 2 dimensional spectra allow a straightforward anal. of nonexponential recovery behavior by identifying normal modes. The line widths of the resulting Lorentzian line shapes provide a direct measure of the rate consts. of various dynamic processes, such as chem. exchange, transient Overhauser effects, and spin-lattice relaxation. [on SciFinder (R)]
EMG-Driven Machine Learning Control of a Soft Glove for Grasping Assistance and Rehabilitation (2022)

In the field of rehabilitation robotics, transparent, precise and intuitive control of hand exoskeletons still represents a substantial challenge. In particular, the use of compliant systems often leads to a trade-off between lightness and material flexibility, and control precision. In this letter, we present a compliant, actuated glove with a control scheme to detectthe user’s motion intent, which is estimated by a machine learning algorithm based on muscle activity. Six healthy study participants used the glove in three assistance conditions during a force reaching task. The results suggest that active assistance from the glove can aid the user, reducing the muscular activity needed to attain a medium-high grasp force, and that closed-loop control of a compliant assistive glove can successfully be implemented by means of a machine learning algorithm.
Comparison of water and acetone as solvent for two-line atomic fluorescence (TLAF) (2009)

Temperature imaging using laser-based techniques has long been problematic for flames containing soot. One of the most applicable diagnostic tools for sooting and particle-laden flames is non-linear regime Two-Line Atomic Fluorescence (NTLAF), which has higher signal-to-noise (SNR) over conventional TLAF, permitting single-shot imaging. The present paper reports on the use of an organic solvent, namely acetone, in place of water as the seeding solution to further improve the signal quality of the measurements. An assessment of the gain in indium fluorescence emission as a function of acetone concentration within the seeding solution is presented. The normalized and the relative gain in SNR the indium fluorescence profile over a range of stoichiometries of a laminar premixed-flame are also presented and compared.
&lt;title&gt;Developments in chlorine detection in concrete using NMR&lt;/title&gt; (2002)

Monitoring chloride concentration and transport in concrete structures susceptible to corrosion of embedded steel reinforcement is a challenge as difficult as it is important. An embedded sensor based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) would be a good solution to the problem because it would make a non-destructive atom-specific measurement of the presence and concentration of chloride. The important question is the scale of the device required to detect the chloride. Laboratory experiments to detect chloride in a cement matrix using pulse-NMR were conducted to assess the potential of this application; they provided a basis for projecting the scale of a device that would have a good chance of success. The coils were cm-scale and the magnetic field was 2.35 T. NMR signals were obtained from both aqueous chloride solution and samples of both regular and white portland cement. The experiments demonstrated that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for a cm-scale cement sample volume is so small, even after averaging, that sample volumes much lower than that are unlikely to produce measurable signals at fields of 1 T or below. Thus the potential for realizing an embedded NMR-based sensor including the magnet is low. Parametric studies identify feasible alternative coil diameters and magnetic field strengths for detecting chloride ion concentrations in hardened concrete.