gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
1779 Cell Death Genes are Induced Immediately after Hypoxia-Reoxygenation (HR) in the Newborn Mouse Lung (2012)

<h3>Background and Aims</h3> HR-injury can induce generation of reactive oxygen species which activate anti-/pro-apoptotic signalling in the cell or cause direct cell damage. The lungs of newborn neonates are susceptible to HR-injury. To explore underlying mechanisms, a temporal profile of <i>a priori</i> selected genes was performed. <h3>Methods</h3> 84 C57BL/6 mice postnatal day 7 were randomized to 120 min of hypoxia (FiO<sub>2</sub> 0.08, n=64) or 180 min in air (C21, n=20). The hypoxia group was further randomized to 30 min reoxygenation with FiO<sub>2</sub> 0.60 (H60) or air (H<sub>2</sub>1). Lung tissue was harvested after observation in air for 0, 150, 300 min or 3 days and 44 mRNA transcripts were analyzed by real-time PCR. <h3>Results</h3> <i>Bcl2</i>, <i>Bcl2l1</i>, <i>Bnip3</i> and <i>Gadd45g </i>were significantly up- regulated (p&lt;0.05), and <i>Ccnd1</i>, <i>Chek1 </i>and <i>Casp3</i> down-regulated in H60vsC21 and H<sub>2</sub>1vsC21 (0 min). <i>Apex1</i> and <i>Apaf1 </i>were also down-regulated in the comparison H60vsC21. After 150 min <i>Apex1</i>, <i>Bcl2</i>, <i>Casp3</i>, <i>Ccnd1</i>, <i>Chek1</i> and <i>Mutyh </i>were down-regulated for H60vsC21 and H<sub>2</sub>1vsC21. <i>Bcl2</i> continued to be down-regulated in both comparisons (300 min). <i>Gadd45g </i>was only up-regulated in H60vsC21 after 150 and 300 min. No significant gene expression changes were observed after 3 days. <h3>Conclusion</h3> HR-injury in the newborn lung induces an immediate alteration in the expression of both anti- (<i>Bcl2</i>, <i>Bcl2l1</i>) and pro-apoptotic genes (<i>Bnip3</i>, <i>Apaf1</i>, <i>Apex1</i>, <i>Gadd45g</i>), while cell-cycle genes (<i>Ccnd1</i>, <i>Chek1</i>) are suppressed. A suppression of <i>Bcl2</i> from 150 min and a continuous up-regulation of <i>Gadd45g</i> after hyperoxic reoxygenation may indicate early phase of DNA damage-induced apoptosis.
Micromechanical disk array for enhanced frequency stability against bias voltage fluctuations (2013)

A 215-MHz polysilicon capacitive-gap transduced micromechanical resonator array employing 50 mechanically coupled radial-contour mode disks - the largest such array yet fabricated and measured - has achieved 3.5× better frequency stability than single stand-alone disks against fluctuations in the dc bias voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P</sub> ) normally applied across electrode-to-resonator gaps during device operation. The key to enhanced frequency stability is the electrode-to-resonator capacitance (C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</sub> ) generated by the parallel combination of input/output electrodes overlapping each resonator in the array that in turn reduces the efficacy of the bias voltage-controlled electrical stiffness. Here, a new equivalent circuit based on negative capacitance provides improved visualization that helps to identify methods to suppress electrical stiffness induced frequency variation. The circuit model indicates that the more resonators in an array, the smaller the frequency shift imposed by a given bias voltage change. Both modeling and measurement suggest that the most stable MEMS-based oscillators (e.g., against supply noise and acceleration) are ones that utilize mechanically-coupled arrays of resonators.
Brain state stability during working memory is explained by network control theory, modulated by dopamine D1/D2 receptor function, and diminished in schizophrenia (2019)

Dynamical brain state transitions are critical for flexible working memory but the network mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we show that working memory entails brain-wide switching between activity states. The stability of states relates to dopamine D1 receptor gene expression while state transitions are influenced by D2 receptor expression and pharmacological modulation. Schizophrenia patients show altered network control properties, including a more diverse energy landscape and decreased stability of working memory representations.
A Novel Handover Prediction Scheme in Content Centric Networking Using Nonlinear Autoregressive Exogenous Model (2013)

Content Centric Networking (CCN) has been recently proposed as a potential candidate for the future Internet architecture. It allows users to focus on the data they are interested in, rather than having to connect to a specific physical host where the data locates. CCN is claimed to inherently support mobility. While this is true for content receivers, source mobility as well as handovers still remain a challenging tasks in CCN. This paper proposes a novel handover prediction mechanism based on received signal strength (RSS), delay and handover cost using the nonlinear autoregressive exogenous model (NARX). We first introduce a mathematical model using Integer Linear Programming (ILP) to solve the handover decision problem assuming that the mobility scenario is known. This ILP model minimizes the overall cost over the considered time period including the cost of handover and the cost of using a certain network. The ILP model guarantees an optimal handover solution, which is then used to train the NARX. After the learning phase, the NARX can automatically make the handover decision based on RSS and delay information. The performance evaluation shows that our new mechanism can avoid the ``ping-pong" effect usually seen in threshold-based approaches, and also outperforms the threshold-based handover in terms of delay, which results in a better Quality of Service.
Semianalytical Framework for Synchronous Reluctance Motor Analysis Including Finite Soft-Magnetic Material Permeability (2015)

A semianalytical framework is presented for the analysis of synchronous reluctance motors. The model is based on a recently refined definition of the harmonic modeling technique for electromagnetic actuators in polar coordinates, and includes the magnetic field solution in the soft-magnetic motor parts. In order to implement the model, a polar representation of the motor geometry is required. Therefore, a method to define the polar geometry representation is proposed and applied to model a benchmark motor topology. The calculation results of the benchmark motor are then validated against finite-element analysis predictions acquired for the actual geometry of the motor. This comparison shows that good agreement is obtained.
Antibody responses of cattle to outer membrane proteins of Pasteurella multocida A:3 (1996)

Several OMP of P multocida type A:3 may be important for stimulating immunity to the organism in cattle.
The Impact of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid on the Near-Wellbore Shale Region Involving Interactions with Steel, Cement and Shale (2022)

2022 URTeC, Houston, TX, June 20-22, 2022
Combined ESR and Thermodynamic Studies of the Superoxide Adduct of 5-(Diethoxyphosphoryl)-5-Methyl-1-Pyrroline <i>N</i>-Oxide (DEPMPO):  Hindered Rotation around the O−O Bond Evidenced by Two-Dimensional Simulation of Temperature-Dependent Spectra (2007)

Experiments were performed to elucidate the origin of the superhyperfine structure and line width alternation (LWA) seen in the ESR spectrum of the major diastereoisomer (1) of DEPMPO-OOH, the remarkably persistent superoxide adduct of 5-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DEPMPO). Using selectively deuterated DEPMPO derivatives, we demonstrated that the superhyperfine pattern can be unambiguously attributed to long-range couplings. The recording in pyridine of highly resolved spectra in a wide temperature range, combined with two-dimensional simulation, allowed us to characterize an inverted LWA in 1 and revealed a uniform line broadening in the spectrum of the minor DEPMPO-OOH diastereoisomer (2), with both effects originating from a chemical exchange between conformers. When the individual spectra of 1 presenting LWA in the fast-exchange regime were simulated, four equally good fits were obtained and this ambiguity could be resolved by using a two-dimensional simulation technique. The thermodynamic and kinetic constants of this exchange were consistent with a rotation around the O-O bond. We propose that line broadening effects in 1 and 2 result from this O-O rotation concerted with the pseudo-rotation of the pyrrolidine ring.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-5 from Functional Genomics Identifies ABCC3 as a Mediator of Taxane Resistance in HER2-Amplified Breast Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-5 from Functional Genomics Identifies ABCC3 as a Mediator of Taxane Resistance in HER2-Amplified Breast Cancer
CAVE without CAVE (2007)

Activities in the building industry in Germany concentrate increasingly on a combination of renovation and new-build. A look at current computer aided applications reveals a serious lack of IT support for the whole architectural design process in and within existing buildings (e.g. building surveying, designing on site and the preparation of information for further use in later planning stages). An ongoing interdisciplinary research project undertaken jointly by the faculty of media and the faculty of architecture is investigating methods and techniques for the computer-aided support of the design process in and within existing buildings. The goal is to develop a hardware and software concept for a Âdesign-toolboxÂ based on SAR (spatial augmented reality) and to implement aspects of this as prototypes. This paper describes the goals of the ÂSpatial Augmented Reality for ArchitectureÂ project and discusses possible fields of application for SAR for supporting the design process in existing buildings from a userÂs perspective. This paper presents the initial results of the project, the development of a cave-like hardware and software concept called Âlow-cost projection in room cornersÂ and the description of the core concept based on a client-server architecture. The project is funded by the ÂGerman Research Foundation (DFG)Â.
Nanomechanical mapping of soft matter by bimodal force microscopy (2013)

Bimodal force microscopy is a dynamic force-based method with the capability of mapping simultaneously the topography and the nanomechanical properties of soft-matter surfaces and interfaces. The operating principle involves the excitation and detection of two cantilever eigenmodes. The method enables the simultaneous measurement of several material properties. A distinctive feature of bimodal force microscopy is the capability to obtain quantitative information with a minimum amount of data points. Furthermore, under some conditions the method facilitates the separation of the topography data from other mechanical and/or electromagnetic interactions carried by the cantilever response. Here we provide a succinct review of the principles and some applications of the method to map with nanoscale spatial resolution mechanical properties of polymers and biomolecules in air and liquid.
Research data supporting "Observation of a refractory metal matrix containing Zr-Ti- rich precipitates in a Mo0.5NbTa0.5TiZr high entropy alloy" (2020)

SEM EDX maps, quant and BSE, TEM HAADF, STEM EDX maps and quant, Dark field and Selected area diffraction patterns as in the publication.
Gelatinolytic activity of autocrine matrix metalloproteinase-9 leads to endothelial de-arrangement in Moyamoya disease (2018)

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare steno-occlusive cerebrovascular disorder. Mechanisms driving the formation of aberrant MMD vessels remain elusive. We collected serum and vessel specimens from MMD and atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease (ACVD) patients serving as controls due to the same hypoxic stimulus but substantial differences in terms of vascular features. Based on patient material and an in vitro model mimicking ACVD and MMD conditions, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were tested for their potential involvement in cerebrovascular disintegration. While serum concentration of both molecules did not significantly differ in both patient groups, excessive collagenase activity and lowered collagen IV protein amount in MMD vessels pointed to a focal MMP-9 activity at the affected vessel sites. We observed overexpressed and autocrinely secreted MMP-9 and VEGF along with disturbances of EC-matrix interactions in MMD but not ACVD serum-treated cEND cells. These seemingly brain-specific effects were partially attenuated by VEGF signaling inhibition suggesting its role in the MMD etiology. In conclusion, our findings support the understanding of the high incidence of hemorrhagic and ischemic events in MMD and provide the basis for novel therapeutic strategies stopping or slowing the development of fragile cerebrovasculature or micro-bleeds characterizing the disease.
Immune profiling in human breast cancer is predictive of 5- and 10-year survival. (2015)

Meeting abstracts Immunotherapy for breast cancer is now being seriously considered, despite past beliefs that this cancer type was non-immunogenic. Immune profiling has been variably associated with outcome, but standard techniques have greatly limited interpretation. These studies examine immune
Two new polymorphisms but no mutations of the KIT gene in patients with myelodysplasia at positions corresponding to human FMS and murine W locus mutational hot spots. (1993)

The KIT proto-oncogene encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor which plays a critical role in haemopoiesis. We have screened genomic DNA from bone marrow mononuclear cells of 46 patients with myelodysplasia (MDS) for mutations/deletions of exons 6, 13, 17, and 21 of the KIT gene (stem cell factor receptor) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and autoradiography to detect single-stranded conformational polymorphisms (SSCP). These exons include positions analogous to those mutated in the FMS gene (colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor) in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and mutated/deleted in the Dominant White Spotting mouse (W locus) which results in macrocytic anaemia. Two different gel running conditions were used for each exon. Polymorphisms were identified only at 4 degrees C in exon 17 (three out of 44 MDS samples and two of 21 DNA samples from normal subjects), and in the non-coding region of exon 21 (five out of 34 MDS samples and seven out of 19 normals). Direct sequencing identified a G to A base change at nucleotide 3169 within exon 21, and a C to T change at position 2415 in exon 17. No conformational changes suggestive of mutations or deletions have been found to date, although we cannot rule out low frequency clonal abnormalities undetectable by our method, which has a sensitivity in our hands of approximately 5%. Polymorphisms occur frequently in the KIT gene. Together with this study, a total of five have been described.
Rapid Interlacing and High Compression Rates For Images Using Singular Value Decomposition (2008)

This paper introduces a method for compressing and progressively transmitting an image. The method is based on singular value decomposition (SVD), and is superior to both the GIF and JPEG progressive standards. SVD is done offline to create the image file. Once created, the image file can be transmitted normally, and recomposed online by the receiving party.
Quinolinate Salvage and Insights for Targeting NAD Biosynthesis in Group A Streptococci (2012)

The essential coenzyme NAD plays important roles in metabolic reactions and cell regulation in all organisms. As such, NAD synthesis has been investigated as a source for novel antibacterial targets. Cross-species genomics-based reconstructions of NAD metabolism in group A streptococci (GAS), combined with focused experimental testing in Streptococcus pyogenes, led to a better understanding of NAD metabolism in the pathogen. The predicted niacin auxotrophy was experimentally verified, as well as the essential role of the nicotinamidase PncA in the utilization of nicotinamide (Nm). PncA is dispensable in the presence of nicotinate (Na), ruling it out as a viable antibacterial target. The function of the "orphan" NadC enzyme, which is uniquely present in all GAS species despite the absence of other genes of NAD de novo synthesis, was elucidated. Indeed, the quinolinate (Qa) phosphoribosyltransferase activity of NadC from S. pyogenes allows the organism to sustain growth when Qa is present as a sole pyridine precursor. Finally, the redundancy of functional upstream salvage pathways in GAS species narrows the choice of potential drug targets to the two indispensable downstream enzymes of NAD synthesis, nicotinate adenylyltransferase (NadD family) and NAD synthetase (NadE family). Biochemical characterization of NadD confirmed its functional role in S. pyogenes, and its potential as an antibacterial target was supported by inhibition studies with previously identified class I inhibitors of the NadD enzyme family. One of these inhibitors efficiently inhibited S. pyogenes NadD (sp.NadD) in vitro (50% inhibitory concentration [IC(50)], 15 μM), exhibiting a noncompetitive mechanism with a K(i) of 8 μM.
Impact of a small change in growth temperature on the tail states of GaAsBi (2019)

The influence of growth temperature (Tsub) on the tail states of GaAs1−xBix (0 ≦ x ≦ 0.05) was studied via its sub-bandgap absorption and photoluminescence (PL) characteristics. The Urbach energy (E0) was estimated from the spectral response of the photocurrent of pin GaAs1−xBix photodiodes grown at a low Tsub of 360 °C and a high Tsub of 380 °C. The E0 of GaAs1−xBix is greater than that of GaAs. Once Bi atoms are incorporated, the tail states are formed probably due to Bi atom clustering. The E0 of the GaAs1−xBix sample at Tsub = 380 °C was smaller than the E0 of the sample grown at Tsub = 360 °C; therefore, the formation of the tail states was suppressed by a small increase in the Tsub of 20 °C. At a Tsub of 380 °C, the E0 decreases as the GaBi molar fraction increases. The increase in the Bi flux upon an increase in the GaBi molar fraction may enhance the surfactant effect of the Bi atoms, resulting in an enhancement in the migration of adsorbed atoms at Tsub = 380 °C and a reduction in the tail states. The full-width at half-maximum of the PL peak and the characteristic energy of the temperature dependence of the PL peak energy confirmed the same Tsub tendency of the tail states. The small increase in the Tsub of 20 °C suppressed the inhomogeneous incorporation of Bi atoms into GaAs1−xBix, such as an atomic-scale Bi clustering and the formation of tail states.
PI3K inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy resistant oesophageal adenocarcinoma (2021)

This is the first study evaluating the effect of PI3K inhibition on radiosensitivity in OAC, with a particular focus on patients that do not respond to neo-CRT. We have shown for the first time that targeting of PI3K signalling is a promising alternative therapeutic strategy for OAC patients who do not respond to conventional neo-CRT.
Recent Advances in Platinum Monolayer Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (2017)

Pt monolayer (ML) electrocatalysts offer a dramatically reduced Pt content while providing considerable possibilities for enhancing their catalytic activity and stability for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at fuel cell (FC) cathodes. In this chapter, we first report the achievement in highly active, stable Pt ML on Pd and PdAu alloy nanoparticle catalysts for the ORR. The PtML/Pd/C electrocatalyst exhibited only a small loss of activity in an accelerated FC test. With the more stable PdAu alloy core, the PtML/PdAu/C catalyst showed minimal degradation in activity after a severer potential cycle test. Various spectroscopic and microscopic studies coupled with theoretical calculations have revealed that their high advantageous characteristics resulted from the geometric and electronic interactions between the cores and the Pt MLs, together with the self-healing effect induced by the supporting cores. In order to further improve the electrochemical performance and reduce total costs toward commercialization, the composition, shape, and size of cores need to be optimized. Recently, we have developed several novel nanostructured cores, such as Ir-based core–shell and alloy cores, nitride-stabilized core components, and structurally ordered intermetallic cores to enhance the properties of the Pt ML shells. We review these results and discuss potentials of these approaches. The results from the Pt ML electrocatalysts significantly impact the research of electrocatalysis and fuel cell technology, as they demonstrate an exceptionally effective way of using Pt that can resolve problems encountered in other approaches.
Monolithic Integration of Metalens in Silicon Photomultiplier for Improved Photodetection Efficiency (2022)

Abstract Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs), consisting of 2D single‐photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays, have been widely used in many applications. In a SiPM, trench structures surround every SPAD to minimize optical crosstalk; however, these structures are photo‐insensitive areas. The previous study revealed that the use of metalenses for focusing incident photons on the photosensitive area of SPADs effectively improves the SiPM performance. However, ensuring good alignment between the metalens and SiPM has been difficult owing to its separated configuration. Herein the authors report the monolithic integration of a metalens with SPAD to provide stable photon detection efficiency (PDE) improvement, while maintaining the miniaturization and flatness of the optical device. The experiments demonstrate a maximum PDE improvement of ≈80% and robustness in incident‐angle‐dependent and wavelength‐dependent characteristics. In addition, a 2D PDE map across one SPAD cycle demonstrates that the metalens focuses incident photons impinging the trench area on the photosensitive area of the SPADs. Finally, scintillation emission is used to validate the improvement in timing resolution. These significant improvements will open new avenues for future advancements in SiPM performance. Moreover, the study shows the potential versatile application of metalenses at low cost based on complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor processes.
Optical Materials: Photorefractive Polymers For Real-Time Holography Fabricated by Injection Molding (2002)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Bernard Kippelen, Seth R. Marder, and N. Peyghambarian, "Optical Materials: Photorefractive Polymers For Real-Time Holography Fabricated by Injection Molding," Optics & Photonics News 13(12), 42-42 (2002) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
&lt;title&gt;Adaptive imaging system using image quality metric based on statistical analysis of speckle fields&lt;/title&gt; (2000)

This paper describes an Opto-Silicon Adaptive Imaging (OSAI) system capable of operating at low light intensities with high resolution, high accuracy, wide dynamic range, and high speed. The system consists of three major subsystems: (1) an adaptive imaging system in which a liquid crystal wavefront corrector measures image quality based on statistical analysis of a speckle field; (2) an image quality analyzer (IQA); (3) an opto-silicon multi-chip module combining a high-resolution ferroelectric liquid crystal SLM, CCD photodetector array, field-programmable gate array, and digital signal processor. The OSAI wavefront control applies adaptive optoelectronic feedback for iterative wavefront restoration and distortion compensation, suing an image quality metric based on statistical properties of the speckle field produced by moving a diffuser in the Fourier transform plane of a IQA optical system. A prototype IQA system was designed, manufactured, and tested using an input liquid crystal SLM, a Fourier lens, a light-shaping diffuser, and an output photodiode.