gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: ADDITION OF CARBONYL FLUORIDE TO AROMATIC NITRILES. FORMATION OF ARYLDIFLUOROMETHYL ISOCYANATES AND ARYLTRIFLUOROMETHANES (1978)

Abstract Die Arylnitrile (I) reagieren mit COFg/HF in Gegenwart von NaF zu den Aryl‐difluormethyl‐isocyanaten (II), wobei in den Reaktionsgemischen auch die Triazine (III) und (IV) und die Aryl‐trifluormethane (V) nachgewiesen werden.
Association of DXA-derived Bone Mineral Density and Fat Mass With African Ancestry (2013)

Our results suggest that genomic regions in postmenopausal African-American women contribute to variance in BMD and fat mass existence and warrant further study.
Power Scaling in High Speed Analog-to-Digital Converters using Photonic Time Stretch Technique (2009)

Factors that contribute to the rapid increase in power dissipation as a function of input bandwidth in high speed electronic Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) are discussed. We find that the figure of merit (FOM), defined as the energy required per conversion step, increases linearly with bandwidth for high-speed ADCs with moderate to high resolution, or equivalently, the power dissipation increases quadratically. It is shown that by use of photonic time-stretch technique, it is possible to have ADCs in which this FOM remains constant for up to 10 GHz input RF frequency. Using this technique, it is also possible to overcome the barrier to achieving high resolution caused by clock jitter and speed limitations of electronics in such ADCs. Use of optics is actively being pursued for reducing power dissipation and achieving higher data-rates for board-level and chip-level serial communication links. In the same manner, we expect that optics will also help in reducing power dissipation in high-speed ADCs in addition to providing broader bandwidths.
Supplementary Figure S3 from A Phase I Trial of BKM120 (Buparlisib) in Combination with Fulvestrant in Postmenopausal Women with Estrogen Receptor–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Fig. S3 Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for PTEN expression on archival tumor specimens&lt;/p&gt;
Non-apoptotic cell death associated with perturbations of macropinocytosis (2015)

Although macropinocytosis is widely recognized as a distinct form of fluid-phase endocytosis in antigen-presenting dendritic cells, it also occurs constitutively in many other normal and transformed cell types. Recent studies have established that various genetic or pharmacological manipulations can hyperstimulate macropinocytosis or disrupt normal macropinosome trafficking pathways, leading to accumulation of greatly enlarged cytoplasmic vacuoles. In some cases, this extreme vacuolization is associated with a unique form of non-apoptotic cell death termed "methuosis," from the Greek methuo (to drink to intoxication). It remains unclear whether cell death related to dysfunctional macropinocytosis occurs in normal physiological contexts. However, the finding that some types of cancer cells are particularly vulnerable to this unusual form of cell death has raised the possibility that small molecules capable of altering macropinosome trafficking or function might be useful as therapeutic agents against cancers that are resistant to drugs that work by inducing apoptosis. Herein we review examples of cell death associated with dysfunctional macropinocytosis and summarize what is known about the underlying mechanisms.
Transcriptional and Cellular Signatures of Morphometric Similarity Remodeling in Major Depressive Disorder (2020)

Abstract Little is known about how major depressive disorder (MDD)-related anatomical endophenotypes are driven by transcriptomic profiles. Here, we examined a link between brain-wide gene expression and morphometric similarity (MS) remodeling in two MDD samples. MDD exhibited replicable abnormal MS patterns compared to healthy controls. Using spatially-comprehensive cortical gene expression data, we further identified two types of transcriptional signatures of MS remodeling: i) gene specificity, in which closely linked transcriptionally upregulated genes from postmortem samples in MDD, but not in other brain disorders, were spatially correlated with MDD MS remodeling; and ii) ontological enrichment, which identified reliable neurobiologically-relevant ontology terms and pathways previously described in MDD. Finally, we assigned transcriptional signatures to cell-types, which specified microglia and neurons as contributing most to the transcriptomic relationship of MS remodeling in MDD. Collectively, combined gene transcripts and connectome topology provided insight into how microscale genetic molecular mechanisms cause mesoscale morphometric abnormalities in MDD.
Supersensitivity tobothtyramine andnoradrenaline indiabetic autonomic neuropathy (2012)

SUMMARY Cardiovascular responsestointravenously infused tyramine andnoradrenaline were measured infive normalsubjects, fiveinsulin-dependent diabetics andfiveinsulin-dependent diabetics withautonomic neuropathy. Tyramine infusion produced a statistically significant increase insystolic blood pressure(BP)intheautonomic neuropaths only(p< 0-001). No changeoccurred indiastolic BP.Noradrenaline infusion produced a statistically significant increase insystolic BP in thenormal subjects (p< 0-01)andintheautonomic neuropaths (p< 0-001). Theincrease insystolic BPintheneuropaths was significantly greater(p< 0-001) thaninnormalsubjects. Diastolic BP rosesignificantly onlyinthenormalsubjects (p< 0-05). Therewas no changeinheartratein responsetoeither agent.Thussuper-sensitivit y tonoradrenaline occurred inpatients withdiabetic autonomic neuropathy indicating post-denervation hypersensitivity. Tyramine hypersensitivity also occurred indicating thatdenervation isnotcomplete andsuggesting dysfunction ata pre-synaptic level. Disorders oftheautonomic nervoussystemare increasingly recognised indiabetic patients. Abnormalcardiovascular reflexes arefrequently found, even intheearly stages ofautonomic neuropathy, and, indeed, their presence isoften usedasadiagnostic test. However, thefunctional oranatomical site ofthe lesion involved inautonomic neuropathy hasnotbeen identified. Theuseofpressor drugs hasbeenputforwardasameansofassessing thesite ofthelesion on theautonomic reflex arcinconditions associated with chronic autonomic failure' suchastheShy-Drager syndrome buthasnotbeenperformed indiabetic autonomic neuropathy. Theaimofthepresent study wastoattempt toidentify thesite ofthelesion in diabetic autonomic neuropathy bymeansofexamining thecardiovascular responses tointravenously infused tyramine (anindirectly-actin
Testing of wideband digital coders (2005)

Development of Circuit Switched Digital Capability (CSDC) in the United States and the general evolution toward an integrated digital services network worldwide has created interest in the development of 56 or 64 kbps digital coders for audio signals with 6 or 7 kHz bandwidth. To date there have been a number of coders proposed but no formal testing of them. Furthermore, a method for testing them has not been proposed. In this paper we discuss the problem of testing such coders and describe a series of both objective and subjective tests which can be performed using a real-time coding system. We discuss the results of these tests when performed on a selection of coders which we have implemented.
S100B suppresses the differentiation of C3H/10T1/2 murine embryonic mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts (2016)

S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) is expressed and released by adipocytes, and is positively correlated with body mass index, however, the direct effects of S100B on adipocytes remain unclear. Bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells have the capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes, which is important for bone metabolism. The current study aimed to determine the effect of S100B on adipogenesis and osteogenesis. The mouse embryo cell line C3H/10T1/2 was used to build cell models with varying levels of S100B protein expression. Western blot analysis was performed to assess the expression of various marker proteins. Oil red O staining and alizarin red S staining were used to detect adipogenesis and osteogenesis, respectively. S100B overexpression was associated with a significant increase in oil red O staining and a significant reduction in alizarin red S staining. Runt‑related transcription factor‑2 and bone morphogenetic protein 2 expression levels were significantly increased in the S100B underexpression group, however not in the S100B overexpression group. By contrast, the expression levels of the adipogenesis markers peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ and CCAAT‑enhancer‑binding protein α was significantly increased in the S100B overexpression group, however not in the S100B underexpression group. Osteogenesis stimulation increased extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, and adipogenesis stimulation increased c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation. The results suggest that S100B inhibits osteogenesis, however stimulates adipogenesis. The ERK pathway is involved in the regulation of osteogenesis, whereas the JNK pathway is involved in the regulation of adipogenesis.
In Vivo Endothelial NO Activation by Losartan Is Independent of Blood Pressure Lowering and EXP3179/EXP3174 Metabolites Yet Require First Passage Metabolism (2021)

Background and Purpose: Losartan is a well‐established anti‐hypertensive angiotensin II (AngII) receptor type 1 (ATR1) blocker (ARB) with unexpected therapeutic properties in a range of diseases not linked to hypertension, such as chronic lung diseases, Alzheimer's disease, muscular dystrophy and viral infections. This suggests that there is more to losartan than simple AngII‐ATR1 inhibition. We have recently shown that losartan can unexpectedly activate endothelial function in vivo via the endothelial release of protective nitric oxide (NO), which is typically associated with aerobic exercise and vascular homeostasis. Hence, losartan activation of endothelial NO release may be behind its protective non‐blood pressure‐related effects, although how this occurs is unknown. Losartan is a prodrug with many active metabolites that might be behind some of its unexpected therapeutic properties. Losartan first‐passage metabolism in the liver converts it to EXP3179 (losartan‐carboxaldehyde) believed to be devoid of ATR1 blocking effects followed by further metabolism into EXP3174 (losartan‐carboxylic acid), the main ATR1 blocker. Our goal is to determine whether first passage metabolism is required for losartan to activate endothelial NO release, or if bypassing liver metabolism via intraperitoneal (IP) injections of losartan metabolites EXP3179/3174 will result is similar biological activites, an indication that metabolites of losartan are not involved in this biological activity. Experimental Approach: C57B6/J mice were treated with 1) losartan potassium‐salt (LOS‐PS) for 2 weeks via drinking water (liver first passage‐dependent; 0.6 g/L) or 2) daily IP injections (first passage‐independent) of LOS‐PS, EXP3179 or EXP3174 (10 mg/kg). Systemic BP was noninvasively measured by a tail cuff system in mice anesthetized with isoflurane. NO‐dependent vasodilatory properties of losartan, EXP3179 and EXP3174 were evaluated in mouse aortic rings using dual‐wire myograph systems. Key Results: When losartan was delivered in drinking water, NO‐dependent vasorelaxation was increased by 57.6%. In stark contrast, IP injection of losartan resulted in unexpected increases in contractility by 124.9% compared to vehicle control, whereas IP EXP3179 and EXP3174 also increased vasoconstriction by 69.8% and 72.2% respectively. Vasodilatory effects of losartan were undetected in the presence of L‐NAME (NO synthase inhibitor), confirming that losartan exerts its effects in a NO‐dependent manner. Moreover, BP was decreased in all drug treated group of mice, confirming that all drugs were biologically active and blocking ATR1. Conclusion and implications: Our data unexpectedly show that losartan increases endothelial function in mice only when given in drinking water, which suggests that non‐EXP3179/74 metabolites may play an important role in endothelial NO activation. This also suggests that losartan‐induced BP lowering is separate from its endothelial NO activating properties.
An Adaptive MAC Protocol for MC-CDMA Adhoc Wireless Lan (2006)

Multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA), a novel, high capacity, multicarrier modulation scheme, is developing to a key radio transmission technology for future wireless local area networks (W-LANs). However in ad hoc code division multiple access (CDMA) networks near-far effects can block a receiver due to high interference. These effects occur when a receiving station is closer to an interferer than to its corresponding transmitter. Accordingly, the receiver cannot detect the intended signal out of the received one and the data transmission fails. In this work, we present an adaptive medium access control (MAC) protocol for ad hoc MC-CDMA based W-LANs, based on the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol. The new protocol has the ability to overcome the near-far-problem by employing a frequency adaptation method. The key of the proposed method is an interference estimate built at each receiving mobile station (MS). Aided by its estimate, a MS can calculate whether the quality of service (QoS) expectations of the incoming link can be accomplished. If the interference is too high, the receiving MS initiates a frequency channel change and informs the corresponding transmitter over the control packets about the Id of the new channel. It is shown that this concept can deploy the high capacity characteristics of MC-CDMA in wireless environments
Is entanglement dispensable in quantum lithography? (2007)

Can classical light simulate the effect of quantum lithography? The analysis of the two-photon image generated both by entangled two-photon and by chaotic radiation indicates that only entanglement can double the resolution of an image.
The Effect of a Single Infusion of Zoledronic Acid on Early Implant Migration in Total Hip Arthroplasty (2009)

A single infusion of zoledronic acid shows promise in improving initial fixation of a cementless implant, which may improve the clinical outcome of total hip arthroplasty in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
Management of Scoliosis in Patients With Loeys-Dietz Syndrome (2016)

Level IV-retrospective cohort study.
Structure of Nadolol (2005)

The title compound, C17H27NO4, is an antihypertensive and antiangina agent. The crystal belongs to space group Cc with the cell dimensions a = 5.721(3), b = 27.25(1), c = 10.782(6)Å and β = 101.57(4)°. The final R value is 0.063. The cyclohexene ring adopts a half-chair conformation and two hydroxyl groups occupy axial and equatorial positions. The 3-amino-2-hydroxypropoxy group takes a fully extended conformation.
Discovery of A-893, A New Cell-Active Benzoxazinone Inhibitor of Lysine Methyltransferase SMYD2 (2015)

A lack of useful small molecule tools has precluded thorough interrogation of the biological function of SMYD2, a lysine methyltransferase with known tumor-suppressor substrates. Systematic exploration of the structure-activity relationships of a previously known benzoxazinone compound led to the synthesis of A-893, a potent and selective SMYD2 inhibitor (IC50: 2.8 nM). A cocrystal structure reveals the origin of enhanced potency, and effective suppression of p53K370 methylation is observed in a lung carcinoma (A549) cell line.
Natural Soil Reservoirs for Human Pathogenic and Fecal Indicator Bacteria (2015)

EAMERSUB
Supplementary Tables 1 - 2 from miRNA-34b Inhibits Prostate Cancer through Demethylation, Active Chromatin Modifications, and AKT Pathways (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 76K, Supplemental Table 1. Clinicopathologic characteristics of prostate cancer patients. Supplemental Table 2. Complimentary sequences in 3'UTRs of genes for miR-34b and sequences of primers and probes.&lt;/p&gt;
Day II: Friday, March 24, 2023; 5.30 PM Plumeria 2: Physiotherapy in Musculoskeletal/ Neurological/ systemic disorders: AB No: 60 Identifying Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) in geriatric musculoskeletal physiotherapy for undergraduate physiotherapy students (2023)

Purpose: EPAs represent explicit, directly observable task that require the demonstration of specific knowledge, skills and behaviour by a trainee at the work place. With demographic transition and increase in aging population, there is a need to train graduates in the care of elderly. EPAs can be vital tools to guide training but none exists in geriatric musculoskeletal PT. Hence this study aimed to identify EPAs in geriatric musculoskeletal physiotherapy. Participants: Faculty members of various cadres with 3 or more years of teaching experience and Physiotherapists practicing in the area of geriatric or musculoskeletal physiotherapy were included. Methods: Study design: Modified Delphi method, qualitative study. Sampling design: Purposive sampling. Ethical clearance was obtained from IEC. An online reading material on EPAs was prepared on a learning management system (LMS). Pilot testing of the reading material was done. Following the pilot an online invitation to participate in the study was sent to in-house senior faculty, external faculty from different universities and practicing physiotherapists. Each participant listed and submitted the EPAs on the LMS. Results: Online invitation to participate in the study was sent to 17 participants; 14 consented to participate and 12 completed the reading and listed the EPAs. Two senior faculty analysed the 102 EPAs and 27 were shortlisted. The EPAs were categorised under assessment (9), management (14) and patient education (4). Conclusion: 27 EPAs have been identified and they need to be validated before implementation to training students. Implications: Institutionalising the EPAs for training and assessing students in geriatric musculoskeletal physiotherapy will facilitate better management.
ChemInform Abstract: Antihypertensive 9‐Substituted l‐Oxa‐4,9‐diazaspiro[5.5]undecan‐3‐ones. (1984)

Abstract Spiro‐Verbindungen wie (VI) werden dargestellt und auf antihypertensive Wirkung geprüft.
Robust evaluation of statistical surface topography parameters using focus-variation microscopy (2016)

Spatial bandwidth limitations frequently introduce large biases into the estimated values of rms roughness and autocorrelation length that are extracted from topography data on random rough surfaces. The biases can be particularly severe for focus-variation microscopy data because of the reduced lateral resolution (and therefore dynamic range) inherent in the technique. In this paper, we describe a measurement protocol—something similar to a deconvolution algorithm—that greatly reduces these biases. The measurement protocol is developed for the case of surfaces that are isotropic, and whose topography displays an autocovariance function that is exponential, with a single autocorrelation length. The protocol is first validated against Monte Carlo-generated mock surfaces of this form that have been filtered so as to simulate the lateral resolution and field-of-view limits of a particular commercial focus-variation microscope. It is found that accurate values of roughness and autocorrelation length can be extracted over a four octave range in autocorrelation length by applying the protocol, whereas errors without applying the protocol are a minimum of 30% even at the absolute optimum autocorrelation length. Then, microscopy data on eleven examples of rough, outdoor building materials are analyzed using the protocol. Even though the samples were not in any way selected to conform to the model's assumptions, we find that applying the protocol yields extracted values of roughness and autocorrelation length for each surface that are highly consistent among datasets obtained at different magnifications (i.e. datasets obtained with different spatial bandpass limits).
On the approximation of Koopman spectra for measure preserving\n transformations (2018)

For the class of continuous, measure-preserving automorphisms on compact\nmetric spaces, a procedure is proposed for constructing a sequence of\nfinite-dimensional approximations to the associated Koopman operator on a\nHilbert space. These finite-dimensional approximations are obtained from the\nso-called "periodic approximation" of the underlying automorphism and take the\nform of permutation operators. Results are established on how these\ndiscretizations approximate the Koopman operator spectrally. Specificaly, it is\nshown that both the spectral measure and the spectral projectors of these\npermutation operators converge weakly to their infinite dimensional\ncounterparts. Based on this result, a numerical method is derived for computing\nthe spectra of volume-preserving maps on the unit $m$-torus. The discretized\nKoopman operator can be constructed from solving a bipartite matching problem\nwith $\\mathcal{O}(\\tilde{n}^{3m/2})$ time-complexity, where $\\tilde{n}$ denotes\nthe gridsize on each dimension. By exploiting the permutation structure of the\ndiscretized Koopman operator, it is further shown that the projections and\ndensity functions are computable in $\\mathcal{O}(m \\tilde{n}^{m} \\log\n\\tilde{n})$ operations using the FFT algorithm. Our method is illustrated on\nseveral classical examples of automorphisms on the torus that contain either a\ndiscrete, continuous, or a mixed spectra. In addition, the spectral properties\nof the Chirikov standard map are examined using our method.\n
Minimally Invasive, Image-Guided, Facial-Recess Approach to the Middle Ear: Demonstration of the Concept of Percutaneous Cochlear Access In Vitro (2005)

Image-guided otologic surgery provides access to the cochlea via the facial recess in a minimally invasive, percutaneous fashion. While the present study was confined to in vitro demonstration, these exciting results warrant in vivo testing, which may lead to clinically applicable access.