gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Semiconductor-based detection and decontamination system (2023)

A system and method for identifying and making quantitative determinations of different deposits on a portion thereof, determining that the deposit is a contaminant and decontaminating at least the portion of the system is disclosed. The system comprises a controller, a sensing portion and a decontamination portion. The controller contains information about at least one noncontaminant. The sensing portion communicates with at least the controller and the portion of the system and is adapted to detect the deposit. The decontaminating portion communicates with at least the controller and is adapted to decontaminate the portion of the system.
Dexamethasone ester treatment alters insulin-like growth factor-I, its binding proteins and thyroid status in finishing calves (2000)

To improve carcass quality in finishing calves, some breeders use preparations containing corticoids alone or in association with other growth promoters. We have investigated the effects of dexamethasone treatment on insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP-2 and 3) and thyroid hormones (T 3 , T 4 , free T 4 ). Limousine male calves were allocated to a control group (C) (n = 18) and a group (n = 18) that received dexamethasone esters (DEX). Blood and hepatic tissue samples were collected at slaughtering. Thyroid hormones and IGF-I plasma levels were measured by RIA and IGFBPs were evaluated by immunoblotting. Hepatic type I 5′deiodinase (5′D-I) activity was determined by enzyme assay and hepatic expression of mRNA for GH receptor, IGF-I, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3 and type I deiodinase (D-I) was evaluated by dot blot analysis. Plasma IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were reduced by the DEX treatment (P &lt; 0.001 and P &lt; 0.01, respectively) while IGFBP-2 was unaffected. Significant plasma changes for IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were not corroborated by hepatic mRNA levels, for which only a slight non-significant decrease was noted. Growth hormone receptor mRNA expression was increased after treatment (P &lt; 0.01). T 3 plasma level was higher in DEX animals (P &lt; 0.05) than in C calves. Finally, treatment increased 5′D-I activity in the hepatic tissue (P &lt; 0.001) and seemed to also affect D-I mRNA expression (P = 0.1). In conclusion, dexamethasone ester injection in calves altered some of their endocrinological parameters; this could explain the catabolic action of corticoids in the bovine species. Key words: Calves, corticoids, IGF-I, IGFBPs, thyroid axis
The application of complex quantized feedback in integrated wireless receivers (2006)

Integrated wireless receiver architectures, such as direct-conversion receivers, offer many advantages over the conventional heterodyne receivers including smaller size, lower cost, and reduced power consumption. However, the design of monolithic receivers, using direct-conversion, involves many challenges including dealing with low-frequency disturbances, namely, dc-offset and 1/f noise (especially in CMOS implementations), in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) amplitude and phase mismatch, local oscillator (LO) leakage, and even-order distortions. A cost-effective method to minimize the low-frequency disturbances is to use ac-coupling in the baseband signal path. However, it results in baseline wander effects, especially in spectrally efficient modulation schemes such as quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) where the baseband signal spectrum contains a significant amount of energy near dc. A system solution to mitigate the effects of low-frequency disturbance is presented in this paper. The quantized feedback (QFB) technique is used in conjunction with ac-coupling to minimize the baseline wander effects. A cross-coupled (CC) QFB extension to compensate for the receiver local oscillator phase error as well as the IQ mismatch is also described. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this complex QFB technique
Effect of Transcranial Near-Infrared Light 1068 nm Upon Memory Performance in Aging Healthy Individuals: A Pilot Study (2021)

<b><i>Background:</i></b> We present a pilot study of near-infrared (NIR) 1068 nm transcranial photobiomodulation therapy (PBM-T). Impact upon motor function, memory, and processing speed in healthy individuals, older than 45 years of age, was evaluated. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> PBM-T was performed at home using a transcranial phototherapy device, a helmet that comprised 14 air cooled light emitting diode panel arrays, with a peak wavelength of 1068 nm, full width at half maximum bandwidth of 60 nm and total average optical output power of 3.8 W. The device was used for 6 min twice daily on age-matched middle-aged subjects with normal intellectual function. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved computerized assessment tool Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) was adopted to quantify a series of cognitive and motor activities in the participating groups. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A significant improvement in motor function, memory performance, and processing speed was observed in healthy individuals with PBM-T compared to the placebo group. No adverse effects were reported. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> PBM-T may be a promising new approach to improve memory in healthy middle-aged individuals. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04568057.
Inter-comparison of ammonia fluxes obtained using the relaxed eddy accumulation technique (2008)

Abstract. The exchange of NH3 between grassland and the atmosphere was determined using Relaxed Eddy Accumulation (REA) measurements. The use of REA is of special interest for NH3, since the determination of fluxes at one height permits multiple systems to be deployed to quantify vertical flux divergence (either due to effects of chemical production or advection). During the Braunschweig integrated experiment four different continuous-sampling REA systems were operated during a period of about 10 days and were compared against a reference provided by independent application of the Aerodynamic Gradient Method (AGM). The experiment covered episodes before, after cutting and fertilising and provided a wide range of fluxes −60–3600 ng NH3 m−2 s−1 for testing the REA systems. The REA systems showed moderate to good correlation with the AGM estimates, with r2 values for the linear regressions between 0.3 and 0.82. For the period immediately after fertilization, the REA systems showed average fluxes 20% to 70% lower than the reference. At periods with low fluxes REA and AGM can agree within a few %. Overall, the results show that the continuous REA technique can now be used to measure NH3 surface exchange fluxes. While REA requires greater analytical precision in NH3 measurement than the AGM, a key advantage of REA is that auto-referencing periods can be introduced to remove bias between sampling inlets. However, while the data here indicate differences consistent with advection effects, further improvements in sampling precision are needed to allow measurement of flux divergence. Wet chemical techniques will be developed further since they use the sticky and reactive properties of NH3 that impedes development of cheaper optical systems.
High Breakdown Voltage Schottky Gating of Doped Si/SiGe 2DEG Systems Enabled by Suppression of Phosphorus Surface Segregation (2012)

In this study, the suppression of phosphorus segregation by low temperature (525°C) cap layer growth results in high breakdown voltage of Schottky gates on modulation-doped Si/SiGe heterostructures. The wide window to deplete two-dimensional electron gas (2DEGs) via negative bias with very low leakage thus enables Schottky split gate quantum devices.
INHIBITION OF OSTHOL ON ADENOCARCINOMA AND SQUAMACARClNOMA OF LUNG (2002)

Purpose: To observed the inhibition effect of osthol on human lung adenocarcinoma and squamacarcinoma. Methods: Set up models of human lung adenocarcinoma and squamacarcinoma on the bodies of BALB/C, one kind of nude mice, then osthol was given to the mice in the dose of 1.5 μg/ (g·d) . Antitumor effect of osthol were valued by weighing the tumor and determing DR 70, the mark of lung cancer in BALB/C serum.Results: The inhibitory rates were 69.5 % on lung squamacarcinoma, and 50 % on lung adenocarcinoma, respectively also obviously decreased the level of serum DR 70. Conclusion: Osthol can inhibite the growing of lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamacarcinoma, especially the squamacarcinoma.
Practical Use Assessment of a Prototype Load-measuring Cane (2016)

〔目的〕杖荷重量の定量的な評価手法を考案するため，ひずみゲージを用いた荷重測定杖を製作し，実用性の評価を行った．〔対象〕健常成人10名とした．〔方法〕製作した荷重測定杖の測定精度を万能試験機にて検証した．実用性の評価として健常者の杖歩行に荷重測定杖を適用し，ヒトでの測定の信頼性を級内相関係数（intraclass correlation coefficients，以下ICC）から評価した．〔結果〕荷重測定杖からの出力電圧と万能試験機で加えた荷重量の相関は0.99～1.00を示し，ヒステリシスによる測定誤差も5％以内であった．また，歩行時のICCも0.8以上と高値を示した．〔結語〕荷重測定杖は臨床現場で簡便かつ安価に使用できる有用な評価機器であることが示唆された．
INCIDENCE OF ENDOPHYTES IN SEED LINES AND THEIR CONTROL WITH FUNGICIDES (1983)

Two seed transmitted endophytic fungi occur in many New Zealand ryegrasses. The percentage of viable endophytes in commercial seed is influenced by the incidence of endophytes in cultivar parent plants and the seed storage conditions. Endophytes may be killed in infected plants by drenching benomyl into the soil around plants or by spraying prochloraz on the foliage. Infected seed can be treated with lg of prochloraz/kg of seed to kill the endophytes. Keywords: Endophytic fungi, ryegrass staggers, seed transmission, fungicides.
Shallow Implantation of “Size-Selected” Ag Clusters into Graphite (2000)

We have investigated the implantation of Ag(N) (N = 20-200) clusters into a graphite substrate over the range of energies (E) 0.75-6 keV using molecular dynamics simulations. We find that after implantation the silver clusters remain coherent, albeit amorphous, and rest at the bottom of an open tunnel in the graphite created by the impact. It is found that the implantation depth of the clusters varies linearly as E/N2/3. We conclude that the cluster is decelerated by a constant force proportional to its cross-sectional area. We also identify a threshold energy for surface penetration associated with elastic compression of the graphite substrate.
Triplet extinction coefficients of some laser dyes. II (1990)

We measured the triplet extinction coefficients εT over the laser action spectral region of DODC, DMC, Sulforhodamine B, Rhodamine 575, Coumarin 523, Coumarin 521, Coumarin 504, Coumarin 498, Coumarin 490, LD466, bis-MSB, and BBO. We employed the different lines from an argon- and a krypton-ion cw laser for excitation. McClure’s method [J. Chem. Phys. 19, 670 (1951)] was again employed to measure the triplet extinction coefficients. We provide a simplified derivation of McClure’s equation. The triplet extinction coefficient of Rhodamine 575 was also measured by using the depletion method and improving it by reconstructing for true triplet-triplet (T-T) absorption. The εT value obtained is in good agreement with the one obtained by McClure’s method.
Supplementary Methods from Glioma Stem Cell–Specific Superenhancer Promotes Polyunsaturated Fatty-Acid Synthesis to Support EGFR Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Methods Section&lt;/p&gt;
Localized Myxedema, Associated with Increased Serum Hyaluronic Acid, and Response to Steroid Pulse Therapy. (1995)

A 66-year-old man presented with Graves' disease and widespread localized myxedema. Extensive lesions were present on the legs, feet, hands, and face. TSH receptor antibody (TBII) was markedly positive and the serum hyaluronic acid level was very high. Intravenous steroid pulse therapy was followed by oral therapy with gradual tapering. This regimen markedly improved the skin lesions and resulted in a decrease of the serum hyaluronic acid level. The findings suggest that steroid pulse therapy is effective for the treatment of extensive localized myxedema. In addition, the serum hyaluronic acid level may be a useful parameter for the follow-up of patients with this condition.
Development and Assessment of Human Adenovirus Type 11 as a Gene Transfer Vector (2005)

Adenovirus vectors based on human serotype 5 (Ad5) have successfully been used as gene transfer vectors in many gene therapy-based approaches to treat disease. Despite their widespread application, many potential therapeutic applications are limited by the widespread prevalence of vector-neutralizing antibodies within the human population and the inability of Ad5-based vectors to transduce important therapeutic target cell types. In an attempt to circumvent these problems, we have developed Ad vectors based on human Ad serotype 11 (Ad11), since the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies to Ad11 in humans is low. E1-deleted Ad11 vector genomes were generated by homologous recombination in 293 cells expressing the Ad11-E1B55K protein or by recombination in Escherichia coli. E1-deleted Ad11 genomes did not display transforming activity in rodent cells. Transduction of primary human CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells and immature dendritic cells was more efficient with Ad11 vectors than with Ad5 vectors. Thirty minutes after intravenous injection into mice that express one of the Ad11 receptors (CD46), we found, in a pattern and at a level comparable to what is found in humans, Ad11 vector genomes in all analyzed organs, with the highest amounts in liver, lung, kidney, and spleen. Neither Ad11 genomes nor Ad11 vector-mediated transgene expression were, however, detected at 72 h postinfusion. A large number of Ad11 particles were also found to be associated with circulating blood cells. We also discovered differences in in vitro transduction efficiencies and in vivo biodistributions between Ad11 vectors and chimeric Ad5 vectors possessing Ad11 fibers, indicating that Ad11 capsid proteins other than fibers influence viral infectivity and tropism. Overall, our study provides a basis for the application of Ad11 vectors for in vitro and in vivo gene transfer and for gaining an understanding of the factors that determine Ad tropism.
Preclinical characterization of SHR6390, a novel CDK 4/6 inhibitor, in vitro and in human tumor xenograft models (2019)

Inhibition of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6-retinoblastoma (RB) pathway is an effective therapeutic strategy against cancer. Here, we performed a preclinical investigation of the antitumor activity of SHR6390, a novel CDK4/6 inhibitor. SHR6390 exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against a wide range of human RB-positive tumor cells in vitro, and exclusively induced G<sub>1</sub> arrest as well as cellular senescence, with a concomitant reduction in the levels of Ser780-phosphorylated RB protein. Compared with the well-known CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib, orally administered SHR6390 led to equivalent or improved tumor efficacy against a panel of carcinoma xenografts, and produced marked tumor regression in some models, in association with sustained target inhibition in tumor tissues. Furthermore, SHR6390 overcame resistance to endocrine therapy and HER2-targeting antibody in ER-positive and HER2-positive breast cancer, respectively. Moreover, SHR6390 combined with endocrine therapy exerted remarkable synergistic antitumor activity in ER-positive breast cancer. Taken together, our findings indicate that SHR6390 is a novel CDK4/6 inhibitor with favorable pharmaceutical properties for use as an anticancer agent.
Aerobic granular sludge – state of the art (2007)

In September 2006, preliminary to the IWA biofilm conference, a second workshop about aerobic granular sludge was held in Delft, The Netherlands, of which a summary of the discussion outcomes is given in this paper. The definition of aerobic granular sludge was discussed and complemented with a few additional demands. Further topics were formation and morphology of aerobic granular sludge, modelling and use of the aerobic granular sludge in practice.
Separation and Analysis of Actinides by Extraction Chromotography Coupled with Alpha Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry (1995)

This work describes the development and testing of a new method for the separation and analysis of most actinides of interest in environmental samples. It combines simplified extraction chromatography using highly selective absorption resins to partition the individual actinides with the measurement of their alpha activities by liquid scintillation spectrometry. The liquid scintillation counting technique pioneered by McDowell proved useful in determination of alpha emitting radionuclide in a wide variety of matrices. Alpha emitters are chemically extracted into an organic phase which also contains the scintillation cocktail. Oxygen is purged from the solution to improve the energy resolution of the measurement and the counting sample is sealed in a small glass tube for assay. The Photon-Electron Rejecting Alpha Liquid Scintillation (PERALS{trademark}) Spectrometer provides high counting efficiency, low background, pulse shape discrimination for photon/electron/{beta} particle rejection and moderate energy resolution in a compact package. Chemical extraction/liquid scintillation counting significantly reduces the extensive chemical purification and electroplating required for conventional alpha spectrometry with semiconductor detectors. PERALS{trademark} analyses have been used routinely for quickly surveying suspect samples and determining the source of unknown alpha activities.
Orbitally Driven Spin-Singlet Dimerization in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>La</mml:mi><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>Ru</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>10</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math> (2006)

Using x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Ru-L2,3 edge we reveal that the Ru4+ ions remain in the S=1 spin state across the rare 4d-orbital ordering transition and spin-gap formation. We find using local spin density approximation + Hubbard U band structure calculations that the crystal fields in the low-temperature phase are not strong enough to stabilize the S=0 state. Instead, we identify a distinct orbital ordering with a significant anisotropy of the antiferromagnetic exchange couplings. We conclude that La4Ru2O10 appears to be a novel material in which the orbital physics drives the formation of spin-singlet dimers in a quasi-two-dimensional S=1 system.
Molecular characterization and evolutionary insights into potential sex-determination genes in the western orchard predatory mite<i>Metaseiulus occidentalis</i>(Chelicerata: Arachnida: Acari: Phytoseiidae) (2014)

Little is known about the process of sex determination at the molecular level in species belonging to the subclass Acari, a taxon of arachnids that contains mites and ticks. The recent sequencing of the transcriptome and genome of the western orchard predatory mite Metaseiulus occidentalis allows investigation of molecular mechanisms underlying the biological processes of sex determination in this predator of phytophagous pest mites. We identified four doublesex-and-mab-3-related transcription factor (dmrt) genes, one transformer-2 gene, one intersex gene, and two fruitless-like genes in M. occidentalis. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted to infer the molecular relationships to sequences from species of arthropods, including insects, crustaceans, acarines, and a centipede, using available genomic data. Comparative analyses revealed high sequence identity within functional domains and confirmed that the architecture for certain sex-determination genes is conserved in arthropods. This study provides a framework for identifying potential target genes that could be implicated in the process of sex determination in M. occidentalis and provides insight into the conservation and change of the molecular components of sex determination in arthropods.
A Protocol for the Comprehensive Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cells in Normal and Inflamed Murine Non-Lymphoid Tissues (2016)

Flow cytometry is used extensively to examine immune cells in non-lymphoid tissues. However, a method of flow cytometric analysis that is both comprehensive and widely applicable has not been described. We developed a protocol for the flow cytometric analysis of non-lymphoid tissues, including methods of tissue preparation, a 10-fluorochrome panel for cell staining, and a standardized gating strategy, that allows the simultaneous identification and quantification of all major immune cell types in a variety of normal and inflamed non-lymphoid tissues. We demonstrate that our basic protocol minimizes cell loss, reliably distinguishes macrophages from dendritic cells (DC), and identifies all major granulocytic and mononuclear phagocytic cell types. This protocol is able to accurately quantify 11 distinct immune cell types, including T cells, B cells, NK cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, inflammatory monocytes, resident monocytes, alveolar macrophages, resident/interstitial macrophages, CD11b- DC, and CD11b+ DC, in normal lung, heart, liver, kidney, intestine, skin, eyes, and mammary gland. We also characterized the expression patterns of several commonly used myeloid and macrophage markers. This basic protocol can be expanded to identify additional cell types such as mast cells, basophils, and plasmacytoid DC, or perform detailed phenotyping of specific cell types. In examining models of primary and metastatic mammary tumors, this protocol allowed the identification of several distinct tumor associated macrophage phenotypes, the appearance of which was highly specific to individual tumor cell lines. This protocol provides a valuable tool to examine immune cell repertoires and follow immune responses in a wide variety of tissues and experimental conditions.
Quasi-Synchronous Random Access for Massive MIMO-Based LEO Satellite Constellations (2023)

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation-enabled communication networks are expected to be an important part of many Internet of Things (IoT) deployments due to their unique advantage of providing seamless global coverage. In this paper, we investigate the random access problem in massive multiple-input multiple-output-based LEO satellite systems, where the multi-satellite cooperative processing mechanism is considered. Specifically, at edge satellite nodes, we conceive a training sequence padded multi-carrier system to overcome the issue of imperfect synchronization, where the training sequence is utilized to detect the devices’ activity and estimate their channels. Considering the inherent sparsity of terrestrial-satellite links and the sporadic traffic feature of IoT terminals, we utilize the orthogonal approximate message passing-multiple measurement vector algorithm to estimate the delay coefficients and user terminal activity. To further utilize the structure of the receive array, a two-dimensional estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique is performed for enhancing channel estimation. Finally, at the central server node, we propose a majority voting scheme to enhance activity detection by aggregating backhaul information from multiple satellites. Moreover, multi-satellite cooperative linear data detection and multi-satellite cooperative Bayesian dequantization data detection are proposed to cope with perfect and quantized backhaul, respectively. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of our proposed schemes in terms of channel estimation, activity detection, and data detection for quasi-synchronous random access in satellite systems.