gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Mostly Digital PWM-Based &lt;inline-formula&gt; &lt;tex-math notation="LaTeX"&gt;$\Delta\Sigma$&lt;/tex-math&gt; &lt;/inline-formula&gt; ADC With an Inherently Matched Multibit Quantizer/DAC (2016)

A mostly digital pulsewidth-modulator-based delta-sigma (ΔΣ) analog-to-digital converter is proposed. This system takes advantage of the duration of pulses, rather than voltage or current, as the analog operand used in its closed-loop operation. Therefore, circuits that process the pulses are digital in nature and improve with scaling. Furthermore, the architecture allows inherently matched multibit quantizer/digital-to-analog converter (DAC) blocks by taking advantage of delay lines reusable in both quantization and DAC operation. A second novelty of this architecture is the modulator's adaptive excess delay, which synchronizes the asynchronous loop with an external reference clock. This mitigates the problems associated with nonuniform sampling. A first-order 3-b prototype of this architecture is presented. The core occupies an area of 0.0275 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in a 0.18-μm CMOS process, consumes 2.7 mW, and measures a 45.1-dB SNR over a 2-MHz bandwidth.
A NOVEL ELECTRON GUN FOR OFF-AXIS BEAM INJECTION * (2011)

For certain type of electron accelerators injection from an off-axis cathode is required. This is the case of a racetrack microtron (RTM), in which the beam passes several times through the accelerating structure, or of a high power standing wave electron linac, for which the lifetime of an on-axis cathode would be strongly reduced by the electron back-bombardment. The standard solution with the beam injection via a dipole magnet from an electron gun placed off-axis is too bulky, moreover in case of RTMs it requires special compensating dipoles. An annular ring cathode gun used in some accelerators leads to large beam emittance and divergence. As a new solution we describe a 3D on-axis electron gun with an off-axis cathode and a central hole for the beam passage. Results of the design optimization and performance of an electron gun built for a miniature 12 MeV RTM for medical applications are presented. We also discuss results of the beam parameters measurements and estimates of the beam emittance.
Lid Wiper Epitheliopathy and Dry Eye Symptoms (2005)

Lid wiper epitheliopathy, diagnosed by staining with fluorescein and rose bengal dyes, is a frequent finding when symptoms of dry eye are experienced in the absence of routine clinical dry eye findings.
A Dependable Global Location Service using Rendezvous on Hierarchic Distributed Hash Tables (2006)

A location service is the part of a naming architecture that maps identifiers to network addresses. Ideally, the identifiers are globally unique, persistent and semantic-free. It has been acknowledged that Distributed Hash Tables (DHTs) enable, for the first time, the use of semantic-free identifiers in massive, global networks. We argue that hierarchy is essential for dependability in massive, geographically distributed DHTs. Existing hierarchic DHTs embed location information in identifiers. Consequently, if identifiers move between DHTs in the hierarchy, then the changes always propagate to the root DHT. This Location Information Plane (LIP) design is the first hierarchic DHT that contains "moves and changes" within the lower layers of the hierarchy. It protects the root DHT using the rendezvous abstraction. We show how it supports global internet telephony networks based on the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP).
Copper binding to the prion protein: Structural implications of four identical cooperative binding sites (1999)

Evidence is growing to support a functional role for the prion protein (PrP) in copper metabolism. Copper ions appear to bind to the protein in a highly conserved octapeptide repeat region (sequence PHGGGWGQ) near the N terminus. To delineate the site and mode of binding of Cu(II) to the PrP, the copper-binding properties of peptides of varying lengths corresponding to 2-, 3-, and 4-octarepeat sequences have been probed by using various spectroscopic techniques. A two-octarepeat peptide binds a single Cu(II) ion with Kd approximately 6 microM whereas a four-octarepeat peptide cooperatively binds four Cu(II) ions. Circular dichroism spectra indicate a distinctive structuring of the octarepeat region on Cu(II) binding. Visible absorption, visible circular dichroism, and electron spin resonance spectra suggest that the coordination sphere of the copper is identical for 2, 3, or 4 octarepeats, consisting of a square-planar geometry with three nitrogen ligands and one oxygen ligand. Consistent with the pH dependence of Cu(II) binding, proton NMR spectroscopy indicates that the histidine residues in each octarepeat are coordinated to the Cu(II) ion. Our working model for the structure of the complex shows the histidine residues in successive octarepeats bridged between two copper ions, with both the Nepsilon2 and Ndelta1 imidazole nitrogen of each histidine residue coordinated and the remaining coordination sites occupied by a backbone amide nitrogen and a water molecule. This arrangement accounts for the cooperative nature of complex formation and for the apparent evolutionary requirement for four octarepeats in the PrP.
How meaningful are scores on a take-home recertification examination? (1996)

Log in or Register Subscribe to journalSubscribe Get new issue alertsGet alerts Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. Subscribe to eTOC Secondary Logo Journal Logo All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search Toggle navigation Subscribe Register Login Articles & Issues Current IssuePrevious IssuesPublished Ahead-of-Print Collections Editorials of Laura Weiss Roberts, MD, MAAM Last PageCOVID-19 and Medical EducationAddressing Race and Racism in Medical EducationeBooksView All For Authors Submit a ManuscriptInformation for AuthorsLanguage Editing ServicesAuthor Permissions Journal Info About the JournalAbout the AAMCJournal MastheadSubmit a ManuscriptAdvertising InformationSubscription ServicesReprints and Back IssuesClassified AdsRights and PermissionsFor ReviewersFor MediaFor Trainees All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search
P11.59 Integrin a5 heterogeneous expression in glioblastoma is related to glioma stem cell subpopulations (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor. Treatment failure and recurrence are explained in part by tumoral heterogeneity. Our previous results showed that the integrin α5β1 is implicated in GBM aggressiveness and represents a relevant therapeutic target. Recently, we observed intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity of integrin α5β1 expression. Heterogeneity may be linked to different glioma stem cell populations. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ten glioma stem cell lines were grown as neurospheres in stem cell medium and their differentiation was induced by serum and/or ATRA. Two cell lines (NCH421k and NCH644) were selected and were modified by depletion (CrisprCas9) or transfection of the α5 integrin gene. Polyclonal lines and individual clones were analyzed phenotypically in vitro, before and after differentiation, and in vivo in orthotopic xenografts of 2x104 cells in nude mice. TCGA datasets were used to validate the heterogeneous expression of α5 integrin in GBM. RESULTS TCGA data validate that α5 integrin mRNA was only over-expressed in the mesenchymal subclass of GBM. Our results show that α5 integrin protein is not expressed in stem cell culture conditions. However, α5 integrin expression is induced after differentiation in only half of the cell lines supporting the notion of tumoral heterogeneity of glioma stem cells. Interestingly, single cell-derived clone evaluation showed that intra-tumoral stem cell heterogeneity also exists at the level of α5 protein expression. When glioma stem cells are programmed or transduced to express α5 integrin, differentiated cells became more aggressive. Notably, they acquired a fibronectin-dependent motility and a proliferative phenotype. Interestingly, integrin α5 remained expressed in secondary stem cells obtained after dedifferentiation. The in vivo assays suggested that glioma stem cells, programmed to express the integrin, were prone to form larger tumors. CONCLUSION Our data support the hypothesis that some glioma stem cells are programmed to express the α5 integrin subunit in their differentiated progeny to form a more aggressive tumor. They add new evidences that both cell populations may be considered for new therapeutic strategies against GBM.
To Helsinki: the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, 1973–1975 (1986)

Journal Article To Helsinki: the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, 1973–1975 Get access To Helsinki: the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, 1973–1975. By John J. Maresca. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. 1985. (Distrib. in UK by AUPG, London.) 292pp. Index. £47.50. ISBN 0 8223 0652 2. Richard Bone Richard Bone Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 62, Issue 2, spring 1986, Pages 287–288, https://doi.org/10.2307/2618377 Published: 01 April 1986
A Stepwise Approach and Early Clinical Experience in Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy for the Treatment of Achalasia and Esophageal Motility Disorders (2011)

Our initial experience with the POEM procedure demonstrates its operative safety, and early clinical results have shown good results. Although further evaluation and long-term data are mandatory, POEM could become the treatment of choice for symptomatic achalasia.
Macrokinetic Modeling of Chemical Oxygen Demand Removal in Pilot-Scale High-Rate Anaerobic Ponds (2010)

Research published on bioreactors discusses the importance of integrating reactor kinetics and mixing as the basis for understanding process hydrodynamics and developing sound design procedures. Nonetheless, many studies are focused on either kinetics or mixing, but studies on the integration of both are seldom found in the literature. Despite the availability of several mixing models (e.g., completely stirred tank reactor, plug flow, dispersion model, completely mixed tanks in series model, and the compartments model), there is an intrinsic complexity in studying process kinetics and reactor hydrodynamics experimentally. In this sense, this work reports the results of a 6-month study for three pilot-scale anaerobic ponds (APs); of which, two had modified physical configurations (one with a mixing chamber, the other with horizontal baffles) and the third was a conventional AP run as a control unit. They were evaluated under three different hydraulic loading rates. The AP provided with the mixing chamber closely followed the completely stirred tank reactor model (r2 = 0.89), and the AP with horizontal baffles showed a high correlation with the Wehner–Wilhelm dispersed flow model (r2 = 0.86). The performance of these modified APs was comparable to those reported in the literature for high-rate anaerobic reactors such as Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blankets (UASBs). The mixing and macrokinetic features of the modified APs (especially the one provided with the mixing chamber) clearly demonstrated their high-rate and better performance characteristics.
Model structure detection and system identification of metal rubber devices (2010)

Metal rubber (MR) devices, a new wire mesh material, have been extensively used in recent years due to several unique properties especially in adverse environments. Although many practical studies have been completed, the related theoretical research on metal rubber is still in its infancy. In this paper, a semi-constitutive dynamic model that involves nonlinear elastic stiffness, nonlinear viscous damping and bilinear hysteresis Coulomb damping is adopted to model MR devices. After approximating the bilinear hysteresis damping using Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind, a very efficient procedure based on the orthogonal least squares (OLS) algorithm and the adjustable prediction error sum of squares (APRESS) criterion is proposed for model structure detection and parameter estimation of an MR device for the first time. The OLS algorithm provides a powerful tool to effectively select the significant model terms step by step, one at a time, by orthogonalizing the associated terms and maximizing the error reduction ratio, in a forward stepwise procedure. The APRESS statistic regularizes the OLS algorithm to facilitate the determination of the optimal number of model terms that should be included into the dynamic model. Because of the orthogonal property of the OLS algorithm, the approach leads to a parsimonious model. Numerical ill-conditioning problems confronted by the conventional least squares algorithm can also be avoided by the new approach. Finally by utilising the transient response of a MR specimen, it is shown how the model structure can be detected in a practical application. The identified model agrees with the experimental measurements very well.
A Balanced Decision Tree Based Heuristic for Linear Decomposition of Index Generation Functions (2017)

Index generation functions model content-addressable memory, and are useful in virus detectors and routers. Linear decompositions yield simpler circuits that realize index generation functions. This paper proposes a balanced decision tree based heuristic to efficiently design linear decompositions for index generation functions. The proposed heuristic finds a good linear decomposition of an index generation function by using appropriate cost functions and a constraint to construct a balanced tree. Since the proposed heuristic is fast and requires a small amount of memory, it is applicable even to large index generation functions that cannot be solved in a reasonable time by existing heuristics. This paper shows time and space complexities of the proposed heuristic, and experimental results using some large examples to show its efficiency.
Case Study: Grid (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Background The Financial Application Security Requirements Analysis Final Security Architecture Conclusions
A new block-coded modulation scheme for Rayleigh fading channel, soft output decoding issues (2002)

We investigate the application of the sum-product algorithm to the decoding of a q-ary block-coded modulation (BCM) scheme which is based on extending the parity check equations of a binary block code to q-ary symbols. This is achieved by decomposing the code into a sub-code with an acyclic Tanner graph and its cosets which are represented by a trellis diagram. The combination of these two cycle-free graphs are used to develop an efficient soft output decoding algorithm for the given code.
[Quantitative study of medullary adipocytes in marrow aplasia (author's transl)]. (1979)

Quantification of adipocyte surface in relation to hematopoietic tissue was performed quantitatively with a classimat on 21 marrow biopsies from patients belonging to the Cooperative Marrow Aplasia Group. This analysis revealed two quantitative parameters, distribution and homogeneity, which permitted the classification of the biopsies into four groups. Each of these categories has been correlated with clinical and kinetic data.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Activity of Arthrographol and Related Compounds. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Diffraction by a circular aperture as a model for three-dimensional optical microscopy (1989)

Existing formulations of the three-dimensional (3-D) diffraction pattern of spherical waves that is produced by a circular aperture are reviewed in the context of 3-D serial-sectioning microscopy. A new formulation for off-axis focal points is introduced that has the desirable properties of increased accuracy for larger field angles, invariance to shifts of the focal point about spheres of constant radius when the detection point is on the sphere for both intensity and amplitude fields, and invariance to shifts in three transformed coordinates for intensity fields. Finally, calculated intensity fields for both on-axis and off-axis focal points are included to illustrate the proposal that the classical 3-D diffraction patterns that have been used as analytical models in 3-D serial-sectioning fluorescence microscopy may not be accurate enough for this application.
Ion‐exchange Microemulsions for Eliminating Dilute Interferences in Potentiometric Determinations (2018)

Abstract We report here for the first time on the use of functional microemulsions in potentiometric assays to remove dilute interferences from solution when measuring high concentrations of analyte. The microemulsions are similarly formulated to the ion‐selective membrane used in the measurement and act as sacrificial material. They are here stabilized by the triblock copolymer pluronic F‐127 and contain the chloride salt of the tridodecylmethylammonium cation, which also serves as anion‐exchanger in the membrane electrode. Both membrane and microemulsion are preconditioned with chloride. If an anionic interference is present at moderate concentration, the rapid equilibration with the functionalized microemulsion results in a quantitative removal. The principle is explored with salicylate as common interference in the detection of chloride in physiological samples. The data agree well to an equilibrium ion‐exchange model for the microemulsion. Salicylate levels up to millimolar can be effectively removed. Unfortunately, quaternary ammonium salt from the microemulsion is found to contaminate the ion‐selective membrane phase. Indeed, a cation‐exchanging valinomycin membrane in contact with concentrated anion‐exchanging microemulsions shows a large potential increase. This indicates that the membrane changes from cation to anion permselectivity. This contamination of the membrane by the microemulsion phase must be overcome for a practical application of the approach.
Supplementary Data from Stereotyped B-Cell Receptor Is an Independent Risk Factor of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Transformation to Richter Syndrome (2023)

Supplementary Data from Stereotyped B-Cell Receptor Is an Independent Risk Factor of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Transformation to Richter Syndrome
Comparative study of the differentiation status of the antigen-specific functional Th1 subsets in &lt;i&gt;Mtb&lt;/i&gt; Δ&lt;i&gt;ppe25-pe19-&lt;/i&gt; or &lt;i&gt;Mtb&lt;/i&gt; WT-immunized mice. (2016)

&lt;p&gt;Splenocytes from the immunized mice were stimulated with the representative PPE25:1–20 synthetic peptide as described in Materials and Methods, stained for the surface differentiation markers, and then processed for ICS specific to Th1 cytokines. Percentages of CXCR3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; CCR6&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; (A) or PD-1&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; CD27&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; (B) cells were determined, as detailed in the &lt;a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005770#ppat.1005770.g001" target="_blank"&gt;Fig 1D&lt;/a&gt;, subsequent to gating on different functional Th1 subsets. Results are means ± SD of experimental duplicates.&lt;/p&gt;
Application of Chemical Shift Imaging for Simultaneous and Fast Acquisition of NMR Spectra on Multiple Samples (2001)

Um einen Faktor 10 lässt sich die Messzeit für die Aufnahme hochaufgelöster NMR-Spektren mit einem gewöhnlichen NMR-Spektrometer reduzieren. Die Zeitersparnis gelingt durch Chemical-Shift-Imaging an parallel angeordneten, zu Kapillarbündeln zusammengefassten Proben. Das Bild zeigt eine Querschnittsaufnahme eines Bündels aus neun 1-mm-Kapillaren, die nach Fourier-Transformation (nur räumliche Dimensionen) erhalten wurde.
&lt;title&gt;Recognizing MSTAR target variants and articulations&lt;/title&gt; (1999)

The focus of this paper is recognizing articulated vehicles and actual vehicle configuration variants in real SAR images from the MSTAR public data. Using SAR scattering center locations and magnitudes as features, the invariance of these features is shown with articulation (i.e. turret rotation for the T72 tank and ZSU 23/4 gun), with configuration variants and with a small change in depression angle. This scatterer location and magnitude quasi-invariance (e.g. location within one pixel, magnitude within about ten percent in radar cross- section) is used as a basis for development of a SAR recognition engine that successfully identified real articulated and non-standard configuration vehicles based on non-articulated, standard recognition models. Identification performance results are presented as vote space scatter plots and ROC curves for configuration variants, for articulated objects and for a small change in depression angle with the MSTAR data.
Experimental investigations of ring-shaped plasma bullets emitted by a pulsed plasma jet (2009)

Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jets have recently been playing an increasingly important role in plasma processing. These devices are able to provide plasma plumes/jets in ambient air and not confined by electrodes. In this paper we report experimental investigations on the characteristics of the plasma jet emitted by a pulsed plasma source, the "plasma pencil". The plasma pencil is driven by high voltage pulses (up to 10 kV) with variable pulse widths (from nanoseconds to milliseconds) and repetition rates (up to 10 kHz). Using ICCD images we show that the plume is a series of plasma packets/bullets traveling at supersonic velocities. The plasma bullet phenomenon was first observed by Teschke and co-workers for an RF jet (2005) and Laroussi and co-workers in the case of a nanoseconds pulsed jet (2006). The ICCD images revealed that the plasma bullets are hollow and assume a ring (or donut) shape. Based on these observations we propose that surface ionization waves are behind the formation and propagation of the plasma bullets. Along with these results we also show that the applied voltage magnitude, the pulse length, and the gas flow rate are the major parameters affecting the characteristics of the plume/jet.