gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Fingertip Haptic Device for Display of Local Contact Geometry (2005)

This paper presents a new concept of fingertip haptic device for the display of local contact geometry on the user's fingerpad. We propose an extension of the encountered haptic interface concept (Y. Sato et al., 2004), in order to build an active haptic thimble, that is portable and can be fixed to the user's finger. The device is endowed with an actuation system that controls the motion of a platform, that can come in contact with the fingerpad with different orientations and at different fingerpad locations, simulating the contact with a virtual surface. A prototype of the device has been built and tested and is presented throughout the paper.
Antibody-induced neutrophil activation as a trigger for transfusion-related acute lung injury in an ex vivo rat lung model (2005)

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a hazardous complication of transfusion and has become the leading cause of transfusion-related death in the United States and United Kingdom. Although leukoagglutinating antibodies have been frequently shown to be associated with the syndrome, the mechanism by which they induce TRALI is poorly understood. Therefore, we reproduced TRALI in an ex vivo rat lung model. Our data demonstrate that TRALI induction by antileukocyte antibodies is dependent on the density of the cognate antigen but does not necessarily require leukoagglutinating properties of the antibody or the presence of complement proteins. Rather, antibody-mediated activation of neutrophils seems to initiate TRALI, a process that could be triggered by neutrophil stimulation with fMLP. Antibody-mediated neutrophil activation and subsequent release of reactive oxygen species may thus represent key events in the pathophysiologic cascade that leads to immune TRALI.
Isolation, identification, and assessment of soil bacteria as biocontrol agents of pea root rot caused by <i>Aphanomyces euteiches</i> (2020)

Aphanomyces euteiches is a soil-borne pathogen that causes root rot of pea and can significantly affect pea production in western Canada. This study aimed to isolate and identify soil bacteria with antagonistic activity towards A. euteiches mycelial and zoospore developmental stages under in vitro conditions and assess their potential as biocontrol agents against aphanomyces root rot in field pea under growth chamber conditions. In vitro screening of soil bacteria identified 184 antagonistic isolates, including 22 from an existing culture collection. Mean mycelial growth inhibition zones ranged from 1 to 12 mm, and mean zoospore germination inhibition ranged from 0% to 100%. Use of 16S rDNA sequence analysis placed isolates into 18 different bacterial genera. Screening of 47 bacteria that inhibited both infective stages identified 29 potential biocontrol strains, including Rhizobium spp. that significantly (α = 0.05) suppressed aphanomyces root rot in field pea grown in vermiculite, suggesting the intriguing possibility of using N-fixing Rhizobium inoculants as biocontrol agents for aphanomyces control. Further screening of 20 isolates as soil inoculants identified K-Hf-L9 (Pseudomonas fluorescens), PSV1-7 (Pantoea agglomerans), and K-Hf-H2 (Lysobacter capsici) isolates as having the highest biocontrol activity, significantly (α = 0.05) suppressing aphanomyces root rot in field pea in growth chamber trials. This study demonstrates the possibility of aphanomyces root rot management using biocontrol agents.
3G meets the internet: understanding the performance of hierarchical routing in 3G networks (2011)

The volume of Internet traffic over 3G wireless networks is sharply rising. In contrast to many Internet services utilizing replicated resources, such as Content Distribution Networks (CDN), the current 3G standard architecture employs hierarchical routing, where all user data traffic goes through a small number of aggregation points using logical tunnels. In this paper, we study the performance implications of the interplay when 3G users access Internet services. We first identify a number of scenarios in which 3G users' service performance can be affected under hierarchical routing in comparison to an idealized flat routing. We then quantify this service impact by analyzing trace data obtained from a large-scale 3G network and a CDN provider. We find that the performance difference between hierarchical routing and flat routing increases when a 3G user accesses highly replicated service, and can further aggravates when the DNS caching is not properly managed under vertical handoff. For example, in our data analysis, the detour under hierarchical routing can cause a packet to travel extra distance by up to 1627km on the average case, which can lead to around 45.4% increase in round-trip latency. We also perform a measurement study to demonstrate that user mobility and web applications can lead to unexpected performance-impacting interactions, which can degrade the download throughput by up to an order of magnitude (0.9Mbps vs. 10.8Mbps).
Almost Jordan homomorphisms and Jordan derivations associated to the parametric-additive functional equation on fuzzy Banach algebras (2012)

Abstract In this article, we establish the generalized Hyers-Ulam (or Hyers-Ulam-Rassais) stability of Jordan homomorphisms and Jordan derivations of the following parametric additive functional equation: <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mstyle> <mml:munderover> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∑</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>m</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:munderover> </mml:mstyle> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mi>m</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfrac> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mrow> <mml:mstyle> <mml:munderover> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∑</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>m</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:munderover> </mml:mstyle> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>m</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mstyle> <mml:munderover> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∑</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≠</mml:mo> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>m</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:munderover> </mml:mstyle> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>j</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mrow> <mml:mstyle> <mml:munderover> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∑</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>m</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:munderover> </mml:mstyle> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> for a fixed positive integer m with m ≥ 2, on fuzzy Banach algebras. The concept of Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stability originated from Rassias stability theorem that appeared in his article. Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary, 46S40; Secondary, 39B52; 39B82; 26E50; 46S50; 46H25.
Kleine Ursache, große Wirkung: Modifikation der Guanidiniumgruppe im RGD‐Motiv reguliert die Integrinsubtypselektivität (2015)

Abstract Durch ihre einzigartige Rolle als Wasserstoffbrückendonor und ihre positive Ladung ist die Guanidiniumgruppe eine wichtige pharmakophore Gruppe, welche häufig in synthetischen Liganden zu finden ist. Meist wird davon ausgegangen, dass eine chemische Modifizierung der Guanidiniumgruppe zum Verlust ihrer Wirkung führt. In dieser Arbeit zeigen wir, dass N‐Methylierung, N‐Alkylierung und N‐Acylierung der Guanidiniumgruppe genutzt werden kann, um die Integrinsubtypselektivität des Integrinliganden Cilengitide gezielt zu beeinflussen. Anhand der Beispiele des αvβ6/α5β1‐biselektiven Peptids c (isoDGRkphg) sowie des αvβ6‐selektiven Liganden c(FRGDLAFp(NMe)K(Ac)) können wir außerdem zeigen, dass auf diese Weise die Bindungsaffinitäten dieser Liganden im Hinblick auf eine erhöhte αvβ6‐Subtypselektivität abgestimmt werden können. Außerdem beschreiben wir eine neuartige Strategie zur Funktionalisierung von Integrinliganden. Durch das Einführen längerer N‐Alkyl‐ und N‐Acylguanidiniumgruppen gelang es uns, einen bisher unbekannten Verankerungspunkt für die Funktionalisierung des Moleküls zu finden, und gleichzeitig die Subtypselektivität zu erhöhen.
Deep-Ultraviolet β-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>Photodetectors Grown on MgO Substrates with a TiN Template (2019)

This work investigates β-Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> photodetectors grown on MgO substrates with a TiN template, showing peak responsivities of 34.91 and 224.09 A/W at 5 and 15V reverse-bias, respectively, for 250-nm incident-light wavelength. A mesa device structure exhibited a 213.75% peak-responsivity increase at 15 V reverse-bias.
LOSS OF HETEROZYGOSITY AT 12P12–13 IN PRIMARY AND METASTATIC PROSTATE ADENOCARCINOMA (2000)

Demonstrating that 12p12-13 LOH is a prominent feature of primary prostate tumors and that multiple metastatic foci have an identical LOH pattern, provides evidence that gene inactivation in this region occurs prior to metastasis. In addition, the strong association between LOH and distant metastasis raises the possibility that mutational inactivation of a gene at 12p12-13, possibly p27/kip1, plays a pivotal role in the development of metastatic disease.
Design of an optical fiber amplifier with multiple serial pumping for space communications (1997)

The feasibility of an optical fiber amplifier as a booster amplifier for transmitter-terminals of free-space coherent laser communication systems has been investigated. To enhance the amplifier's efficiency and reliability in a harsh space environment a new pumping-scheme has been analyzed and demonstrated in an experimental set-up. The amplifier features efficient multiple serial coupling of the pump light into the multimode core of the double-clad fiber by using directional Y-couplers. Special attention has been paid to fiber-geometry, pump light absorption efficiency in the neodymium-doped single-mode core and the attenuation of pump and signal light.
Electron-hole compensation effect between topologically trivial electrons and nontrivial holes in NbAs (2015)

Via angular Shubnikov--de Haas (SdH) quantum oscillations measurements, we determine the Fermi surface topology of NbAs, a Weyl semimetal candidate. The SdH oscillations consist of two frequencies corresponding to two Fermi surface extrema: 20.8 T $(\ensuremath{\alpha}$ pocket) and 15.6 T $(\ensuremath{\beta}$ pocket). The analysis, including a Landau fan plot, shows that the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ pocket has a Berry phase of $\ensuremath{\pi}$ and a small effective mass of $\ensuremath{\sim}0.033\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{m}_{0}$, indicative of a nontrivial topology in momentum space, whereas the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ pocket has a trivial Berry phase of 0 and a heavier effective mass of $\ensuremath{\sim}0.066\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{m}_{0}$. From the effective mass and the $\ensuremath{\beta}$-pocket frequency, we determine that the Weyl node is 110.5 meV from the chemical potential. An electron-hole compensation effect is discussed in this system, and its impact on magnetotransport properties is addressed. The difference between NbAs and other monopnictide Weyl semimetals is also discussed.
Stability of sputum and blood eosinophil levels in COPD (2020)

<b>Background:</b> Sputum and blood eosinophil levels predict response to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment in COPD. We investigated the stability of sputum and blood eosinophils over 6 months in a cohort of highly symptomatic COPD patients. <b>Methods:</b> Sputum and blood differential cell counts (DCC) were obtained at baseline and 6 months (n=48 and 56 respectively). Data were analysed using Spearman Rank’s Test (Prism 8.0, GraphPad, USA) and Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of log-transformed data (SPSS 23.0, IBM, Armonk, USA). Sputum data were normalised via a<sup>†</sup>Log(x) or <sup>‡</sup>Log(x+1) transformation to account for zero values (n=38 and 48 respectively). <b>Results:</b> Repeated sputum eosinophil counts showed a correlation between baseline and 6m (rho=0.61, <i>p</i>&lt;0.0001, Fig 1A), with an ICC=0.77<sup>‡</sup> and 0.55<sup>†</sup> indicating excellent and good correlations respectively. Blood eosinophils showed excellent correlation with ICC=0.84 (rho=0.70, <i>p</i>&lt;0.0001, Fig 1B). Blood eosinophil levels were correlated with sputum eosinophil % at baseline (rho=0.392, <i>p</i>=0.0013,), and 6 months (rho=0.3328, <i>p</i>=0.0182). <b>Conclusion:</b> Blood eosinophils showed excellent repeatability, while lower (but still good) repeatability for sputum eosinophils were observed. A moderate correlation was observed between these measurements. This research was conducted with support from Astrazeneca UK Limited.
Cationic Dihydrogen/Dihydride Complexes of Osmium:  Structure and Dynamics (2007)

Reaction of Cp*Os(CO)2Cl with [Et3Si][BArF4] under hydrogen gas affords the cationic hydrogen complex [Cp*Os(CO)2(H2)][BArF4] (1) (Cp* = C5Me5; ArF = C6F5). When this reaction is carried out with HD gas, complex 1-d1 results, with JHD = 24.5 Hz. When solutions of complex 1 are monitored by 1H NMR spectroscopy over several days, the gradual formation of a trans dihydride species is observed. Similarly, reaction of CpOs(dppm)Br with Na[BArF*4] (ArF* = 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3) under hydrogen affords the cationic dihydride complex [CpOs(dppm)H2][BArF*4] (2). At 295 K, complex 2 exists as a 10:1 mixture of cis and trans isomers. The 1H NMR spectrum of the cis form in the hydride region exhibits a triplet with JHP = 6.5 Hz, due to rapid exchange of the hydrogen atoms. At low temperature, static spectra of the HH‘PP‘ spin system can be obtained, revealing quantum mechanical exchange coupling between the two hydride ligands. The observed JHH‘ is temperature dependent, varying from 133 Hz at 141 K to 176 Hz at 198 K. This is the first report of detectable exchange coupling between pairs of chemically equivalent hydrogen atoms.
Isomerization of all‐(<i>E</i>)‐Retinoic Acid Mediated by Carbodiimide Activation – Synthesis of ATRA Ether Lipid Conjugates (2009)

Abstract Treatment of the lysolipid 1‐ O ‐hexadecyl‐ sn ‐phosphatidylcholine with all‐( E )‐retinoic acid, DCC and DMAP resulted in poor acylation and caused ( Z )/( E ) isomerization of the α–β double bond. In the presence of a proton source, the carbodiimide‐activated all‐( E )‐retinoic acid undergoes fast isomerization to give a final mixture of (13 E )/(13 Z ) isomers in a 3:1 ratio. Similar treatment of (13 Z )‐retinoic acid leads to the same isomer ratio. The isomerization was circumvented successfully by using a Mitsunobu reaction, which provided an efficient synthesis of all‐( E )‐retinoic acid sn ‐2‐conjugated to phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylglycerol etherlipids.
Scattering type scanning near-field optical microscopy with epitaxial semiconductor probe tips (2015)

We present a new type of functionalized Atomic Force Microscopy scanning probe tip fabricated out of electron-doped epitaxial germanium featuring plasmonic beahaviour in the mid-infrared range. As a first demonstration of the mid-IR resonant-behavior of our Ge tips, we used them to perform scattering type scanning near-field optical microscopy for imaging conducting ZnO nanowires embedded in a dielectric matrix.
Identification of novel candidate circulating biomarkers for malignant soft tissue sarcomas: Correlation with metastatic progression (2015)

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a heterogeneous group of rare tumors for which identification and validation of biological markers may improve clinical management. The fraction of low-molecular-weight (LMW) circulating proteins and fragments of proteins is a rich source of new potential biomarkers. To identify circulating biomarkers useful for STS early diagnosis and prognosis, we analyzed 53 high-grade STS sera using hydrogel core-shell nanoparticles that selectively entrap LMW proteins by size exclusion and affinity chromatography, protect them from degradation and amplify their concentration for mass spectrometry detection. Twenty-two analytes mostly involved in inflammatory and immunological response, showed a progressive increase from benign to malignant STS with a relative difference in abundance, more than 50% when compared to healthy control. 16 of these were higher in metastatic compared to non-metastatic tumors. Cox's regression analysis revealed a statistical significant association between the abundance of lactotransferrin (LTF) and complement factor H-related 5 (CFHR5) and risk of metastasis. In particular, CFHR5 was associated with the risk of metastasis. The role of circulating proteins involved in metastatic progression will be crucial for a better understanding of STS biology and patient management.
&lt;title&gt;Tomographic And Projective Reconstruction Of 3-D Image Detail In Inverse Scattering&lt;/title&gt; (1983)

A procedure for accessing the 3-D Fourier space of a conducting or nondispersively scattering object by angular (aspect) and spectral diversity is described. Cost-effectiiie data acquisition in the microwave regime is achieved by substituting spectral degrees of freedom for the more costly angular degrees of freedom set by the number of observation points defining the imaging aperture. A novel target de/Lived Aeietence (TDR) technique is utilized to generate a synthetic phase reference signal emanating from a point on the target achiev-ing thereby a 3-D teri4te44 Fourciek hotognam re-cording arrangement that has many practical advantages. Application of the ptojection-slice theorem, derivable from the multidimensional Fourier transform, to the accessed Fourier space volume is shown to allow the retrieval of 3-D image detail. This can be achieved either tomogra-phically in slices _(or cross-sectional outlines) or as shown here in the form of a projection image of the object scattering function. Examples of micro-wave data acquisition, data normalization for an undesirable range dependent phase term via the TDR method, and image reconstruction are presented for a complex conducting test object. The results shown herald a new generation of high resolution 3-D imaging radars and can be applied in NDE (non-destructive evaluation), biomedical imaging, and remote sensing applications.
An Unexpected Case of Cerebral Histoplasmoma (2012)

There are few documented cases of disseminated histoplasmosis in a nonimmunocompromised patient; however, disseminated histoplasmosis in the form of a mass lesion instead of the usual meningitis in a partially immune-suppressed patient is exceedingly uncommon. We describe a 46-year-old man with a history of dermatomyositis, undergoing long-term steroid therapy until 1 month before presentation, who emigrated from Mexico to the United States 2 years ago and now presents with 1 month of headache, visual changes, and ataxia. A chest CT showed a left lower lobe calcification. An AFB sputum smear was 2+ positive for bacilli. A head CT was performed, revealing a 2.5-cm right parietal mass. On MRI, the mass showed ring enhancement. Intraoperative consultation found a necrotizing granuloma, "suspicious" for tuberculous disease. Further workup led to a diagnosis of cerebral histoplasmoma. The patient was given antifungal therapy and later discharged. In our patient, with no outward signs of immunosuppression, a discrete mass lesion formed in the brain as a result of an infectious process. This case highlights the importance of having high clinical suspicion for discrete, occult lesions in all forms of immunosuppression for an infectious process, which may be atypical in presentation. Thus 2 questions are raised: Should people treated with long-term steroids be routinely screened for occult infections of the CNS? Are there other infectious diseases of the CNS that occur in fully immunosuppressed patients who present atypically in patients who are taking steroids long-term?
Activity Recognition Using Wrist-Worn Sensors for Human Performance Evaluation (2015)

Recent development of wearable technology has opened up great opportunities for human performance evaluation applications in various domains. In order to measure the physical activities of an individual, wrist-worn sensors embedded in smartwatches, fitness bands, and clip-on devices can be used to collect various types of data, as the subject performs regular daily activities. In this paper, we propose using the acceleration data generated by wrist-worn sensors to recognize ambulation activities for performance evaluation purposes. Twelve features are extracted from the raw accelerometer data, then feed into individual classifiers as well as their combinations for training and validation. The classifiers we consider in this paper are Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines, Decision Tree, k-Nearest Neighbors, Multilayer Perceptron, and Random Forest, as they have been reported effective by a few previous works. We evaluate the set of selected classifiers with real-world data sets generated by three subjects, including data from both left and right wrists. The best accuracy performance is the combination of classifiers which is above 90%. The result shows that data generated by wrist-worn accelerometer sensor is sufficient for ambulation activity recognition and can be used for human performance evaluation applications.