gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DeepCEST: 9.4 T Chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI contrast predicted from 3 T data – a proof of concept study (2019)

The 9.4 T CEST signals acquired at low saturation power can be accurately estimated from CEST imaging at 3 T using a neural network trained with coregistered 3 T and 9.4 T data of healthy subjects. The deepCEST approach generalizes to Z-spectra of tumor areas and might indicate whether additional ultrahigh-field (UHF) scans will be beneficial.
Electrochemical Performance of High-Capacity Li<sub>1.2</sub>Ni<sub>0.3</sub>Mn<sub>0.6</sub>O<sub>2.1</sub> Cathode for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2010)

Abstract not Available.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Isomerization/Claisen Transformation of Allyl Homoallyl and Diallyl Ethers into γ,δ‐Unsaturated Aldehydes with a New Three Component Catalyst Ru<sub>3</sub>(CO)<sub>12</sub>/Imidazolinium Salt/Cs<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Figure S4 from Decitabine Priming Enhances Mucin 1 Inhibition Mediated Disruption of Redox Homeostasis in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;A schema of the various CpG locations that were analyzed in the Duox2 promoter of the gene is presented&lt;/p&gt;
NOISE AND VIBRATION FROM HIGH-SPEED TRAINS. CHAPTER 2. WHEEL AND RAIL EXCITATION FROM ROUGHNESS (2001)

Models of wheel and rail roughness for use in the estimation of wheel/rail noise are presented. Methods of measuring roughness and its characteristics are described. Methods of controlling wheel/rail noise at source, including roughness amplitude reduction, reduction in wheel/rail contact stiffness, and increase of the dimensions of the zone of contact are discussed. For the covering abstract see ITRD E109863.
Tear Evaporation Rate in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (1994)

*Department of Ophthalmology, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan †Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan
Cloning of a gene (SR-A1), encoding for a new member of the human Ser/Arg-rich family of pre-mRNA splicing factors: overexpression in aggressive ovarian cancer (2001)

By using the positional cloning gene approach, we were able to identify a novel gene encoding for a serine/arginine-rich protein, which appears to be the human homologue of the rat A1 gene. We named this new gene SR-A1. Members of the SR family of proteins have been shown to interact with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II and participate in pre-mRNA splicing. We have localized the SR-A1 gene between the known genes IRF3 and RRAS on chromosome 19q13.3. The novel gene spans 16.7 kb of genomic sequence and it is formed of 11 exons and 10 intervening introns. The SR-A1 protein is composed of 1312 amino acids, with a molecular mass of 139.3 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 9.31. The SR-A1 protein contains an SR-rich domain as well as a CTD-binding domain present only in a subset of SR-proteins. Through interactions with the pre-mRNA and the CTD domain of the Polymerase II, SR proteins have been shown to regulate alternative splicing. The SR-A1 gene is expressed in all tissues tested, with highest levels found in fetal brain and fetal liver. Our data suggest that this gene is overexpressed in a subset of ovarian cancers which are clinically more aggressive. Studies with the steroid hormone receptor-positive breast and prostate carcinoma cell lines ZR-75-1, BT-474 and LNCaP, respectively, suggest that SR-A1 is constitutively expressed. Furthermore, the mRNA of the SR-A1 gene in these cell lines appears to increase by estrogens, androgens and glucocorticoids, and to a lesser extend by progestins.
Designing and implementing a performance-based employee evaluation system. (1991)

Evaluations today are increasingly based on standards for the individual position. This evaluation system works well with our wage and salary program, which is based entirely upon merit within a framework of pay ranges at competitive market rates
ChemInform Abstract: ON THE MEMORY OF SYNTHESIZED VINYL POLYMERS FOR THEIR ORIGINS (1980)

Abstract Aus dem geschützten L‐Prolin (Ib) erhält man mit chlormethylierten Styrolen (II) die Ester (III), die mit Styrol (IV) und Divinylbenzolen (V) der Copolymerisation unterworfen werden.
Oxygen Transport Modelling for Mapping Brain Oxygen Extraction Fraction with Single Gas Calibrated fMRI (2023)

Dual-calibrated functional MRI (dc-fMRI) can map brain oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) by measuring BOLD-ASL signal changes during arterial O 2 and CO 2 modulations. Two modulations are required to decouple OEF and the deoxyhemoglobin-sensitive blood volume. Here, we propose a single gas calibrated approach that integrates a model of oxygen transport that links blood volume and CBF to OEF. Simulations demonstrated the method&amp;rsquo;s viability. In-vivo application with hypercapnia provided estimates of grey matter OEF in agreement with dc-fMRI and with whole-brain OEF derived from signal phase measures in the superior sagittal sinus. The simplified calibrated fMRI method holds promise for clinical application.
Effects of photoinduced hole doping on transport properties of YBa2Cu3O<i>y</i> grain boundary junctions (1994)

The effects of photoinduced hole doping on the electrical characteristics of grain boundary weak link junctions based on high Tc YBa2Cu3Oy thin films are investigated. Visible light illumination induces a substantial enhancement in the critical current Ic of approximately 20%–40% even at temperatures well below Tc. The Ic enhancement is accompanied by a clear decrease in the junction resistance RN which can be explained by the photoinduced hole doping of the degraded regions with oxygen deficiency and/or disorder near the grain boundary. It is also demonstrated that photoinduced hole doping provides a way of improving the IcRN product and also a way of controlling the Ic value in situ in these weak link junctions.
Using Gaussian mixture models to detect and classify dolphin whistles and pulses (2014)

In recent years, a number of automatic detection systems for free-ranging cetaceans have been proposed that aim to detect not just surfaced, but also submerged, individuals. These systems are typically based on pattern-recognition techniques applied to underwater acoustic recordings. Using a Gaussian mixture model, a classification system was developed that detects sounds in recordings and classifies them as one of four types: background noise, whistles, pulses, and combined whistles and pulses. The classifier was tested using a database of underwater recordings made off the Spanish coast during 2011. Using cepstral-coefficient-based parameterization, a sound detection rate of 87.5% was achieved for a 23.6% classification error rate. To improve these results, two parameters computed using the multiple signal classification algorithm and an unpredictability measure were included in the classifier. These parameters, which helped to classify the segments containing whistles, increased the detection rate to 90.3% and reduced the classification error rate to 18.1%. Finally, the potential of the multiple signal classification algorithm and unpredictability measure for estimating whistle contours and classifying cetacean species was also explored, with promising results.
Evolving Clinically Useful Predictors of Recovery from Intravenous Anesthetics (1995)

Thomas W. Schnider, M.D., Research Fellow, Stanford University, Stanford, California, Staff Anesthesiologist, Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland.Steven L. Shafer, M.D., Staff Anesthesiologist, Palo Alto VA Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, Anesthesiology Service (112A), Palo Alto VA Medical Center, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304.Dr. Schnider is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation.Accepted for publication August 20, 1995.The complex pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous anesthetics precludes easily predicting the duration of anesthetic effect after drug administration, which we will subsequently call
Classified Highband Excitation For Bandwidth Extension Of Telephony Signals (2005)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Antalya, Turkey, 2005
Functionalized Protein Nanocages as a Platform of Targeted Therapy and Immunodetection (2015)

To improve the therapeutic/diagnostic potentials of drugs and/or imaging contrast agents, various targeted delivery systems are actively being developed. Especially protein nanocages, hollow and highly symmetrical nanometer-sized cage structures that are self-assembled from multiple protein subunits, are emerging as powerful targeted delivery tools. Their natural abundance, biocompatibility, low toxicity, well defined size and high symmetry are a few of the favorable characteristics which render protein nanocages as near ideal carriers for pharmaceuticals and/or imaging probes. This review aims to highlight current progress in the development and application of protein nanocages in targeted drug delivery approaches with an emphasis on the use of antibodies as targeting motifs to achieve high selectivity toward specific targets.
Rhizobium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of Rhodiola rosea leaf explants (2020)

Rhodiola rosea L. is an endangered medicinal plant distributed in mountains and in high latitude regions. For its conservation, sustainable methods for the obtaining of its bioactive compounds must be developed. This work hypothesized that leaf, stem and rhizome explants of R. rosea from different geographical origins respond differently to inoculation with Rhizobium rhizogenes agropine strain ATCC43057. The objective was to generate R. rosea hairy roots (HRs) containing rol-genes. These HRs could be cultivated under axenic conditions for the extraction of the medical compounds rosavinoids and salidroside. Hereby, production of bioactive compounds could be improved per plant biomass. Thirteen R. rosea accessions of Alpine, Scandinavian, Nordic Gene Bank (NGB) and Russian origins were compared for their explant survival and HR formation. Significant differences were observed among plants from different geographical origins, where the NGB leaf explants exhibited up to 70% of HR formation and the Russian accessions did not exhibit HRs at all. Moreover, maintaining explants in light conditions after R. rhizogenes inoculation resulted in higher explant survival and HR formation rate (35%) when compared with explants kept in darkness (9%). Taken together, an efficient HR formation in roseroot by inoculation of R. rhizogenes following culturing in light was reported as a required step. This work represents a stepping-stone to R. rosea HR cultivation in bioreactors as well as regenerating whole plants. Hence, it is initiating a novel route towards high-throughput production of bioactive compounds as well preventing depletion of natural roseroot populations.
Frontispiz: Catalytic Ammonia Oxidation to Dinitrogen by Hydrogen Atom Abstraction (2019)

Ammoniak-Oxidation Ein molekularer Ru-Katalysator wandelt NH3 in N2 um, wie M. T. Mock et al. in der Zuschrift auf S. 11744 berichten. Die Spaltung von sechs N-H-Bindungen wurde durch die Kopplung von Protonen- und Elektronentransfers unter Verwendung des tBu3ArO.-Radikals als H-Atomakzeptor erreicht.
Toward Development of Fluorescence-Quenching-Based Biosensors for Drought Stress in Plants (2019)

Abscisic acid (ABA) is a drought stress signaling molecule, and simple methods for detecting its levels could benefit agriculture. Here, we present proof-of-concept detection for ABA in aqueous solutions by the use of a mixture of Cyanine 5.5 (Cy5.5) fluorophore- and BHQ3 quencher-conjugated endogenous ABA receptor pyrabactin resistance 1 like proteins (PYL3). These dye-conjugated PYL3 protein form dimers in solutions without ABA and monomerize upon ABA binding. When they are in dimers, fluorescence of Cy5.5 is either nearly completely quenched by the BHQ3 or 20% quenched by another Cy5.5. Consequently, mixtures of equal amounts of the two protein conjugates were used to detect ABA in aqueous solution. As the ABA concentration increased from <1 μM to 1 mM, the intensity of fluorescence detected at around 680 nm from the mixture was more than doubled as a result of ABA-induced monomerization, which leads to halt of quenching and recovery of fluorescence of Cy5.5 in monomers. Kinetic modeling was used to simulate the fluorescence response from the mixture and the results generally agree with the experimentally observed trend. This work demonstrates that fluorescence measurements of a single dissociation reaction in one spectral region are adequate to assess the ABA concentration of a solution.
Non-steady-state operation of polymer/TiO 2 photovoltaic devices (2004)

We present data on the initial period of operation of Gilch-route MEH-PPV/TiO<sub>2</sub> composite solar cells (CSCs) which show that during this period the CSCs operate in a non-steady state regime. The behavior is complex and may include a gradual rise of the open circuit voltage (V<sub>oc</sub>) and of the short-circuit current density (J<sub>sc</sub>) with time, a passage through a maximum of either or both parameters, and even a sign reversal. The mechanisms most probably contributing to the transient processes are: i) diffusion driven redistribution of charges resulting in the build up of a quasi steady state charge density profile across the device; ii) photo-doping resulting in a relatively slow increase of the average charge carrier concentration and consequently of the conductivity of the device. The latter is responsible for a strong decrease in Voc, and is evidenced by the significant increase in dark current after device illumination.
The trials and errors in MS therapy. (2008)

The development programme for novel therapies in multiple sclerosis (MS) has an impressive track record which is unique in the field of neurology, and has led to the approval of several drugs during the past decade. However, therapeutic prosperities face numerous trials that either failed to show efficacy or that had to be halted because of other reasons including adverse events. Moreover, certain treatment strategies are controversial, both for reasons of practicability and for their true clinical benefit. There are serious caveats that highly immunoselective approaches such as monoclonal antibodies can only be applied at the expense of an increased risk of acute or long-term adverse effects. This review focuses on the most important clinical trials on yet unlicensed compounds in relapsing-remitting and secondary-progressive MS which failed, were halted or are associated with significant adverse effects since 2002. Furthermore, we discuss the implications these experiences have for our current view of MS pathogenesis as well as future study design. Examples include agents that target leukocyte differentiation molecules, co-stimulatory molecules, adhesion molecules and chemotaxis, as well as novel immunomodulators and anti-infective therapies.
Hyperactivity of the CD155 immune checkpoint suppresses anti-viral immunity in patients with coronary artery disease (2022)

Pre-existent cardiovascular disease is a risk factor for weak anti-viral immunity, but underlying mechanisms remain undefined. Here, we report that patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) have macrophages (Mϕ) that actively suppress the induction of helper T cells reactive to two viral antigens: the SARS-CoV2 Spike protein and the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) glycoprotein 350. CAD Mϕ overexpressed the methyltransferase METTL3, promoting the accumulation of N⁶-methyladenosine (m6A) in Poliovirus receptor (CD155) mRNA. m6A modifications of positions 1635 and 3103 in the 3'UTR of CD155 mRNA stabilized the transcript and enhanced CD155 surface expression. As a result, the patients' Mϕ abundantly expressed the immunoinhibitory ligand CD155 and delivered negative signals to CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells expressing CD96 and/or TIGIT receptors. Compromised antigen-presenting function of METTL3<sup>hi</sup> CD155<sup>hi</sup> Mϕ diminished anti-viral T cell responses in vitro and in vivo. LDL and its oxidized form induced the immunosuppressive Mϕ phenotype. Undifferentiated CAD monocytes had hypermethylated CD155 mRNA, implicating post-transcriptional RNA modifications in the bone-marrow in shaping anti-viral immunity in CAD.
Distinct vasculotropic versus osteotropic features of<i>S. agalactiae</i>versus<i>S. aureus</i>implant‐associated bone infection in mice (2020)

Osteomyelitis is a devastating complication of orthopaedic surgery and commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Group B Streptococcus (GBS, S. agalactiae). Clinically, S. aureus osteomyelitis is associated with local inflammation, abscesses, aggressive osteolysis, and septic implant loosening. In contrast, S. agalactiae orthopaedic infections generally involve soft tissue, with acute life-threatening vascular spread. While preclinical models that recapitulate the clinical features of S. aureus bone infection have proven useful for research, no animal models of S. agalactiae osteomyelitis exist. Here, we compared the pathology caused by these bacteria in an established murine model of implant-associated osteomyelitis. In vitro scanning electron microscopy and CFU quantification confirmed similar implant inocula for both pathogens (~10<sup>5</sup> CFU/pin). Assessment of mice at 14 days post-infection demonstrated increased S. aureus virulence, as S. agalactiae infected mice had significantly greater body weight, and fewer CFU on the implant and in bone and adjacent soft tissue (p < 0.05). X-ray, µCT, and histologic analyses showed that S. agalactiae induced significantly less osteolysis and implant loosening, and fewer large TRAP<sup>+</sup> osteoclasts than S. aureus without inducing intraosseous abscess formation. Most notably, transmission electron microscopy revealed that although both bacteria are capable of digesting cortical bone, S. agalactiae have a predilection for colonizing blood vessels embedded within cortical bone while S. aureus primarily colonizes the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network. This study establishes the first quantitative animal model of S. agalactiae osteomyelitis, and demonstrates a vasculotropic mode of S. agalactiae infection, in contrast to the osteotropic behavior of S. aureus osteomyelitis.
Handwritten Kanji recognition with the LDA method (2002)

We describe the application of the LDA method (learning by discriminant analysis) to handwritten Kanji recognition. In the LDA method, the discriminant function obtained by applying Fisher's linear discriminant analysis is superposed onto the original distance function such as the weighted Euclidean distance. The LDA method is applied to transformed features obtained by using canonical discriminant analysis. We also propose a new feature extraction method that reflects structural information of Kanji. When the LDA method is used, the misrecognition rate for test patterns was reduced by 36%.
A new quadratic form based frequency measurement algorithm (2002)

A new algorithm to measure both off-nominal and small frequency deviations is presented. The technique uses quadratic forms of sampled signals. It does not require a fixed sampling frequency. This property is very important since it leads to a simple algorithm to measure both off-nominal and small frequency deviations very accurately without requiring a look-up table. Also, because of this adaptive sampling property, the accuracy of the algorithm is immune to harmonic distortion which may be present in the signal. The algorithm is easy to implement and requires only seven multiplications per frequency estimate. The number of samples required per estimate is four. Unlike some algorithms using the same technique, the proposed algorithm is relatively insensitive to DC offsets and random noise, since it uses a data window length of a complete cycle. The method is fast since fewer estimates are needed to produce a stable result. This will accelerate the time for a tripping decision in a frequency protective relay. Some test results are presented. These results demonstrate that when random noise is present in the signal, the proposed algorithm has superior performance when compared with other algorithms using the same quadratic form based approach. Test results also show that using an adaptive sampling frequency improves the insensitivity to harmonic distortion.
Controllable and tuneable growth of NaYbF<sub>4</sub>:Tm(0.5%)Fe(5%)@Na(Yb/Y)F<sub>4</sub>-core@shell structures and the effect of their geometry on upconversion luminescence (2023)

Controllable and tuneable core@shell UCNPs with enhanced UC efficiency through varied energy transfer pathways arising from geometric alteration.
Towards metropolitan free-space quantum networks (2022)

Quantum communication has seen rapid progress towards practical large-scale networks, with quantum key distribution (QKD) spearheading this development. While fibre based systems have been shown to be well suited for metropolitan scales, suitable fibre infrastructure may not always be in place. Here, we make the case for an entanglement-based free-space quantum network as a practical and efficient alternative for metropolitan applications. We developed a deployable free space QKD system and demonstrated its use in realistic scenarios. For a representative 1.7-km free-space link, we showcase its ad hoc deployability and achieve secure key rates of up to 5.7 kbps, with 2.5 kbps in direct noon sunlight. By extrapolating experimental data, we show that kbps key rates are achievable even for 10-km distances and multi-user scenarios. We anticipate that our work will establish free space networks as a viable solution for metropolitan applications and an indispensable complementary building block in the future global quantum internet.
Novel Two-Point Interpolation DFT Method for Frequency Estimation of Sine-Wave Within a Short Time Window (2022)

The superiority of interpolated discrete Fourier transform (IpDFT) has been proven in frequency estimation. However, the effects of negative frequency and strong noise result in poor behavior when the length of the observation window is short. To this end, this paper proposes a novel twopoint IpDFT method for frequency estimation based on rectangular window and zero padding technique. The proposed method exploits the conjugate symmetry and parity of the unbiased signal model. This is done to eliminate both short and long-range spectral leakage caused by positive and negative frequencies. Besides, the impact of white noise can be maximally resisted by using the rectangular window and zero padding technique. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing interpolated DFT methods.