gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterizing and Improving the Resilience of Accelerators in\n Autonomous Robots (2021)

Motion planning is a computationally intensive and well-studied problem in\nautonomous robots. However, motion planning hardware accelerators (MPA) must be\nsoft-error resilient for deployment in safety-critical applications, and\nblanket application of traditional mitigation techniques is ill-suited due to\ncost, power, and performance overheads. We propose Collision Exposure Factor\n(CEF), a novel metric to assess the failure vulnerability of circuits\nprocessing spatial relationships, including motion planning. CEF is based on\nthe insight that the safety violation probability increases with the surface\narea of the physical space exposed by a bit-flip. We evaluate CEF on four MPAs.\nWe demonstrate empirically that CEF is correlated with safety violation\nprobability, and that CEF-aware selective error mitigation provides 12.3x,\n9.6x, and 4.2x lower Failures-In-Time (FIT) rate on average for the same amount\nof protected memory compared to uniform, bit-position, and\naccess-frequency-aware selection of critical data. Furthermore, we show how to\nemploy CEF to enable fault characterization using 23,000x fewer fault injection\n(FI) experiments than exhaustive FI, and evaluate our FI approach on different\nrobots and MPAs. We demonstrate that CEF-aware FI can provide insights on\nvulnerable bits in an MPA while taking the same amount of time as uniform\nstatistical FI. Finally, we use the CEF to formulate guidelines for designing\nsoft-error resilient MPAs.\n
Prospective Randomized Clinical Evaluation of Conventional Single-Bundle, Anatomic Single-Bundle, and Anatomic Double-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (2011)

Anatomic double-bundle ACL reconstruction is significantly superior to conventional single-bundle ACL reconstruction and better than anatomic single-bundle reconstruction. Anatomic single-bundle reconstruction was superior to conventional single-bundle reconstruction. However, these differences are small and may not be clinically relevant.
Vibration-proof high-pressure xenon electroluminescence detector (2004)

We have developed a high-pressure [electroluminescence (EL)] detector with a sensitive volume of O5 cm/spl times/5 cm defined by a cathode, five drift rings, and an EL-generating structure. The EL-generating structure consists of two parallel-plate chemically etched grids and a high-pressure optical window, which is optically coupled to an external photomultiplier tube. Ionizing radiation that is absorbed in the sensitive volume generates electrons, which drift into the EL region and produce an EL flash. The detector was filled with 20-bar Xe gas that was highly purified (>1 ms electron-life time) using a spark purification technique. To evaluate the potential for using an EL detector under adverse conditions, we disturbed the detector using a 10-W electric engraver working at 60 Hz. The action of the engraver had practically no effect on spectra acquired from an /sup 241/Am gamma ray source.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasonography-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in Abdominopelvic Masses: A Prospective Study (2023)

Introduction Accurate diagnosis of deep-seated abdominopelvic masses is crucial to distinguish malignant from non-malignant lesions for proper treatment and prognosis. Ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (USG-FNAC) is a cost-effective and straightforward procedure that offers rapid diagnosis, facilitating early initiation of treatment. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of USG-FNAC in comparison to the biopsy diagnosis of various abdominopelvic masses in a resource-limited setting. Materials and methods This prospective study enrolled 208 patients with clinically and ultrasonographically confirmed abdominopelvic masses over two years. Of these, 64 cases were excluded from the study because of the non-availability of biopsy specimens. The remaining 144 cases comprised 88 males and 56 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.57:1. Patients' ages ranged from 1.5 to 65 years, with most male patients aged 51 to 60 years and female patients aged 41 to 50 years. USG-FNAC was performed on these patients using a 22G spinal needle and a 10cc disposable syringe, and no complications were reported during the procedure. The cytological findings were compared to histopathological results when available. Dry smears were stained with May-Grunwald-Giemsa stain, while fixed smears were stained with Papanicolaou stain for cytological investigation. Results A total of 144 cases had both cytological and histological specimens available for comparison. The overall diagnostic accuracy of USG-FNAC was 90.97%, with 91.8% sensitivity for malignant lesions, 83.33% for benign lesions, and 85.7% for inflammatory lesions. Conclusions USG-FNAC provides high diagnostic accuracy for abdominopelvic masses, making it a valuable diagnostic tool in resource-limited settings. The technique allows for rapid diagnosis, triaging specimens for ancillary immunohistochemical and molecular studies, and in many cases, obviates the need for more expensive and time-consuming procedures like laparotomy and open biopsy.
Ethical Frameworks and Computer Security Trolley Problems: Foundations for Conversations (2023)

The computer security research community regularly tackles ethical questions. The field of ethics / moral philosophy has for centuries considered what it means to be "morally good" or at least "morally allowed / acceptable". Among philosophy's contributions are (1) frameworks for evaluating the morality of actions -- including the well-established consequentialist and deontological frameworks -- and (2) scenarios (like trolley problems) featuring moral dilemmas that can facilitate discussion about and intellectual inquiry into different perspectives on moral reasoning and decision-making. In a classic trolley problem, consequentialist and deontological analyses may render different opinions. In this research, we explicitly make and explore connections between moral questions in computer security research and ethics / moral philosophy through the creation and analysis of trolley problem-like computer security-themed moral dilemmas and, in doing so, we seek to contribute to conversations among security researchers about the morality of security research-related decisions. We explicitly do not seek to define what is morally right or wrong, nor do we argue for one framework over another. Indeed, the consequentialist and deontological frameworks that we center, in addition to coming to different conclusions for our scenarios, have significant limitations. Instead, by offering our scenarios and by comparing two different approaches to ethics, we strive to contribute to how the computer security research field considers and converses about ethical questions, especially when there are different perspectives on what is morally right or acceptable.
Supplementary Figure 4 from NLRR1 Enhances EGF-Mediated &lt;i&gt;MYCN&lt;/i&gt; Induction in Neuroblastoma and Accelerates Tumor Growth &lt;i&gt;In Vivo&lt;/i&gt; (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 83K, NLRR1-stably expression in cells leads to oncogenic characteristics. NLRR1 expression enhances colony formation ability of cells. NMYC expression is induced in the NLRR1 stably expressing clones and found to grow faster than the mock clones.&lt;/p&gt;
Manufacture and Testing of Optical-Scale Accelerator Structures from Silicon and Silica (2012)

Abstract Not Provided
Synchronization in unidirectional ring network of chaotic systems with delay-coupling (2007)

In this paper, we consider the synchronization problem in unidirectional ring networks of chaotic systems with time-delay coupling. Firstly, we introduce the notion of strict semi-dissipativity and show by using the small-gain theorem that the trajectories of coupled systems satisfying the strict semi-dissipativity are bounded. Then we derive a sufficient condition for synchronization of the systems coupled in a unidirectional way by using a stability criterion for delay systems.
DCE-MRI radiomics nomogram can predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in esophageal cancer (2022)

The radiomics features are useful for nCT response prediction in EC patients.
Identifying featured articles in wikipedia (2010)

Wikipedia provides an information quality assessment model with criteria for human peer reviewers to identify featured articles. For this classification task "Is an article featured or not?" we present a machine learning approach that exploits an article's character trigram distribution. Our approach differs from existing research in that it aims to writing style rather than evaluating meta features like the edit history. The approach is robust, straightforward to implement, and outperforms existing solutions. We underpin these claims by an experiment design where, among others, the domain transferability is analyzed. The achieved performances in terms of the F-measure for featured articles are 0.964 within a single Wikipedia domain and 0.880 in a domain transfer situation.
Effects of tobacco smoke constituents, anabasine and anatabine, on memory and attention in female rats (2014)

Nicotine has been well characterized to improve memory and attention. Nicotine is the primary, but not only neuroactive compound in tobacco. Other tobacco constituents such as anabasine and anatabine also have agonist actions on nicotinic receptors. The current study investigated the effects of anabasine and anatabine on memory and attention. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were trained on a win-shift spatial working and reference memory task in the 16-arm radial maze or a visual signal detection operant task to test attention. Acute dose-effect functions of anabasine and anatabine over two orders of magnitude were evaluated for both tasks. In the radial-arm maze memory test, anabasine but not anatabine significantly reduced the memory impairment caused by the NMDA antagonist dizocilpine (MK-801). In the signal detection attentional task, anatabine but not anabasine significantly attenuated the attentional impairment caused by dizocilpine. These studies show that non-nicotine nicotinic agonists in tobacco, similar to nicotine, can significantly improve memory and attentional function. Both anabasine and anatabine produced cognitive improvement, but their effectiveness differed with regard to memory and attention. Follow-up studies with anabasine and anatabine are called for to determine their efficacy as therapeutics for memory and attentional dysfunction.
Time Resolved Electron Spin Resonance and Laser Flash Spectroscopy Investigation of the Photoreduction of Anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonic Acid, Disodium Salt by Sodium Sulfite in Aerosol OT Reverse Micelles (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTime Resolved Electron Spin Resonance and Laser Flash Spectroscopy Investigation of the Photoreduction of Anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonic Acid, Disodium Salt by Sodium Sulfite in Aerosol OT Reverse MicellesNicholas J. Turro and Igor V. KhudyakovCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 19, 7654–7662Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100019a053https://doi.org/10.1021/j100019a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A Hierarchical Approach for the Combination of Information Retrieval and Extraction (1998)

International audience
An energy transfer method for 4D Monte Carlo dose calculation (2008)

This article presents a new method for four-dimensional Monte Carlo dose calculations which properly addresses dose mapping for deforming anatomy. The method, called the energy transfer method (ETM), separates the particle transport and particle scoring geometries: Particle transport takes place in the typical rectilinear coordinate system of the source image, while energy deposition scoring takes place in a desired reference image via use of deformable image registration. Dose is the energy deposited per unit mass in the reference image. ETM has been implemented into DOSXYZnrc and compared with a conventional dose interpolation method (DIM) on deformable phantoms. For voxels whose contents merge in the deforming phantom, the doses calculated by ETM are exactly the same as an analytical solution, contrasting to the DIM which has an average 1.1% dose discrepancy in the beam direction with a maximum error of 24.9% found in the penumbra of a 6 MV beam. The DIM error observed persists even if voxel subdivision is used. The ETM is computationally efficient and will be useful for 4D dose addition and benchmarking alternative 4D dose addition algorithms.
Validation of plantar pressure simulations using finite and discrete element modelling in healthy and diabetic subjects (2017)

Plantar pressure simulation driven by integrated 3D motion capture data, using both a finite element and a discrete element model, is compared for ten healthy and ten diabetic neuropathic subjects. The simulated peak pressure deviated on average between 16.7 and 34.2% from the measured peak pressure. The error in the position of the peak pressure was on average smaller than 4.2 cm. No method was more accurate than the other although statistical differences were found between them. Both techniques are thus complementary and useful tools to better understand the alteration of diabetic foot biomechanics during gait.
Late spontaneous resolution of persistent molar pregnancy (2016)

Women with treated molar pregnancy may avoid chemotherapy if 6-month hCG levels are raised but falling.
DNAzyme-Based Lithium-Selective Imaging Reveals Higher Lithium Accumulation in Bipolar Disorder Patient-Derived Neurons (2021)

Lithium has been a drug for bipolar disorders (BD) for over 70 years; however, its usage has been limited by its narrow therapeutic window (between 0.6 and 1.2 mM). Understanding the cellular distribution of lithium ions (Li<sup>+</sup>) in patient cells will offer deep insight into this limitation, but selective imaging of Li<sup>+</sup> in living cells under biomedically relevant concentration ranges has not been achieved. Herein, we report in vitro selection and development of a Li<sup>+</sup>-specific DNAzyme fluorescent sensor with >100-fold selectivity over other biorelevant metal ions. This sensor allows comparative Li<sup>+</sup> visualization in HeLa cells, human neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs), and neurons derived from BD patients and healthy controls. Strikingly, we detected enhanced accumulation of Li<sup>+</sup> in cells derived from BD patients compared with healthy controls in differentiated neurons but not NPCs. These results establish the DNAzyme-based sensor as a novel platform for biomedical research into BD and related areas using lithium drugs.
Protein Abrogates Autocrine Signal Transduction (1992)

An important question regarding autocrine transformation by v-sis is whether intracellularly acti- vated PDGF receptors are sufficient to transform cells or whether activated receptor-ligand complexes are re- quired at the cell surface. We have addressed this ques- tion by inhibiting cell surface transport of a membrane- anchored v-sis protein utilizing the ER retention signal of the adenoviral transmembrane protein E3/19K. A v-sis fusion protein containing this signal was retained within the cell and not transported to the cell surface as confirmed by immunofluorescent localization experi- ments. Also, proteolytic maturation of this protein was suppressed, indicating inefficient transport to post- Golgi compartments of the secretory pathway. When compared with v-sis proteins lacking a functional reten- tion signal, the ER-retained protein showed a dimin- ished ability to transform NIH 3T3 cells, as measured by the number and size of foci formed. In newly estab- lished cell lines, the ER-retained protein did not down- regulate PDGF receptors. However, continued passage of these cells selected for a fully transformed phenotype ex- hibiting downregulated PDGF receptors and proteolyti- cally processed v-sis protein. These results indicate that productive autocrine interactions occur in a post-ER com- partment of the secretory pathway. Transport of v-sis pro- tein beyond the Golgi correlated with acquisition of the transformed phenotype. Furthermore, suramin treatment reversed transformation and upregulated the expression of cell surface PDGF receptors, suggesting an important role for receptor-ligand complexes localized to the cell surface.
Dental Alveolar Bony Alterations Induced by Ovariectomy or Cyclosporine A in Rats (2005)

PURPOSE: Because of the insufficient knowledge of osteoporosis in oral and dental skeletons, the purpose of this study was to investigate the dental alveolar bony alterations after ovariectomy or administration of cyclosporine A （CsA） in rats. METHODS: Twenty-seven female SD rats were designed into control, ovariectomy and CsA-treated groups. All the animals received maxillary molars extractions. The nine rats of ovariectomy group then had surgical ovariectomy operation. After three weeks of healing, CsA-treated rats received daily CsA （15 mg/kg） , whereas the control and ovariectomy rats had mineral oil for 6 weeks. Three animals per group were killed at the end of week 2, 4 and 6. At one day and seven days before the sacrificing, the bony markers （calcium and alizarin red） were injected. Right and left maxillary ridges were prepared by undecalcified and decalcified histological procedures for the examination of bone formation （bony markers labeling） and bone resorption （Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, TRAP, staining）, respectively. The mandible ridges were fixed and prepared for scanning electron microscopy （SEM）.
Supplementary Figure S5 from Early On-treatment Changes in Circulating Tumor DNA Fraction and Response to Enzalutamide or Abiraterone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Relationship between baseline circulating tumor DNA fraction and patient outcomes&lt;/p&gt;
PSIII-36 Increased viscosity enhances water intake and reduces risk of calcium oxalate stone formation in cats (2019)

Abstract The control of liquid intake in cats is especially of interest as there is a significant risk of urinary tract stone formation due to their high urinary solute density. Calcium oxalate stone formation is not easily mitigated by dietary manipulation. This study investigated if increasing water viscosity (282 vs 2.9 centipoise; means throughout are viscous water followed by control cats) improved voluntary intake of water and calcium oxalate stone risk. Twelve cats (7 neutered males, 5 spayed females) from 3 to 8 years of age with an average weight 4.7 kg were monitored for 4 months. Each cat spent 2 months consuming viscous water and two months consuming normal water in a crossover design. Water consumption was measured through loss of weight from each pet’s water bowl with an additional bowl of the consumed viscosity placed in the room for evaporative loss measurements. A urine calcium oxalate titrimetric test (COT) was performed to evaluate the risk of calcium oxalate stone formation. In brief, the [Ca+2]/(added Oxalate-2) ratio is calculated (per liter). An increasing index value denotes samples at greater risk of calcium oxalate crystallization. The ratio represents the concentration of ionized calcium and the amount of oxalate that is added to initiate crystallization. The results showed that cats drinking viscous water had a significant increase in water consumption (79.9 vs 65.6 grams P = 0.014). There was a reduction in urine specific gravity (1.042 vs 1.052 P = 0.016), fractional excretion of calcium (0.197 vs 0.280 P = 0.036), urinary calcium concentration (49.8 vs 61.8 ppm P &amp;lt; 0.01) and in stone risk as measured by COT (35.5 vs 82.4 P = 0.029). In conclusion, these data show that there is an increased intake of water when cats are offered water with increased viscosity and increased viscosity was associated with an improvement in measurements of oxalate stone risk.
Candidate Bio-Markers of Alzheimer’s Disease (2013)

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by a progressive loss of short-term memory accompanied by a gradual loss of cognitive functions (Ross et al., 2004). AD is among the most frequently encountered diseases in aging societies with an estimated 5million people in the United States and 17 million people worldwide suffering from the disease. It is expected that these numbers will quadruple by the year 2040, by which 1 out of 45 Americans will be affected, leading to a considerable public health burden (Fratiglioni et al., 1999). AD pathogenic mecha‐ nisms contributing to neuronal loss and brain dysfunction are still unclear. However, remarkable advances have taken place in understanding of both the genetics and molecular biological aspects of the intracellular processing of amyloid and tau and the changes leading to the pathologic formation of extracellular amyloid plaques and the intraneuronal aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau into neurofibrillary tangles. This progress in our understanding of the molecular pathology has set the stage for clinical‐ ly meaningful advances in the development of biomarkers.
Refurbishment of slightly radioactive magnet coils from a big proton accelerator (1996)

Using CERN's 450 GeV proton synchrotron as injector for LHC requires a rather flexible solution for spares, where the supply can be adjusted to the needs of the 20 years old main magnet system. Most magnet coils, especially those having suffered insulation damage, are slightly radioactive, with Co60 dominating in the copper windings and Na22 in the glass fibre reinforced epoxy insulation. Refurbishment of the damaged coils has several advantages and is worthwhile doing but depends strongly on the availability of a furnace meeting the constraints of modern legislation. Such a furnace is described in more detail. Questions concerning coil manufacture, burning of epoxy insulation, environmental protection and handling are discussed based on the experience with SPS-main dipole coils.
Cover Feature: The Extended Hadamard Transform: Sensitivity‐Enhanced NMR Experiments Among Labile and Non‐Labile <sup>1</sup>Hs of SARS‐CoV‐2‐derived RNAs (ChemPhysChem 4/2022) (2022)

The Cover Feature illustrates how artifact-free 2D NOE correlations between labile protons can be obtained from an extended Hadamard encoding/decoding matrix, which supersedes problems in conventional Hadamard schemes. The sensitivity-enhancing abilities of extended Hadamard encoding operating in conjunction with solvent repolarization mechanisms are demonstrated on GHz NMR studies on SARS-CoV-2 RNA fragments. More information can be found in the Article by Lucio Frydman and co-workers.