gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Medial patello-femoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction using suture anchors fixation: preliminary results (2019)

Purpose: several surgical techniques have been described for the MPFL reconstruction, using many femoral and patellar fixation techniques and different grafts (autograft, allograft, synthetic).The goal of our study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of MPFL reconstruction using Jugger-knot™ (BIOMET, Warsaw, Indiana) suture anchors fixation with a clinical evaluation pre/post surgery of our patients with objective patellofemoral (PF) instability.Methods: from January 2013 to March 2015, 19 patients underwent isolated MPFL reconstruction using Juggerknot™ (BIOMET, Warsaw, Indiana) suture anchors fixation.All patients were operated by the same surgeon using the same technique.Patients were evaluated by the same operator during pre surgery phase and at least at 6 months of follow up, using clinical evaluation (apprehension sign, patellar glide test, ROM) and 4 different scores (Tegner, Vas, Lysholm, Kujala).The possible complications and dislocation following surgery were investigated.Results: no patellar dislocation and complications were found at follow up.A clinical evaluation improvement was recorded at follow up: all patients achieved a full range of knee motion; apprehension sign from 89% positivity (17 cases) decreased up to 11% (2 cases); glide test from 100% (19 cases) positivity decreased up to 0% (0 cases).Median VAS score decreased significantly (p<0.05) from a median pre-operative value of 8 (min:5 max:10) to 2 (min:0 max:7).Mean Kujala score improved significantly (p<0.05) from 65.23 ± 18.64 pre-operatively to 94.69 ± 6.40.Mean Lysholm score improved significantly (p<0.05) from 64.30 ± 19.29 pre-operatively to 94.72 ± 4.02.Mean Tegner score decreased from 6.15 ± 1.06 pre-operatively to 5.69 ± 0.85.Conclusions: in this preliminary study, a clinical assessment of patients undergoing surgery with the Juggerknot ™ (BIOMET, Warsaw, Indiana) suture anchor fixation in MPFL reconstruction, has shown promising results, revealing easy to apply, effective and safe for patients.
Synchronization of Lorenz-based chaotic circuits with applications to communications (1993)

A circuit implementation of the chaotic Lorenz system is described. The chaotic behavior of the circuit closely matches the results predicted by numerical experiments. Using the concept of synchronized chaotic systems (SCS's), two possible approaches to secure communications are demonstrated with the Lorenz circuit implemented in both the transmitter and receiver. In the first approach, a chaotic masking signal is added at the transmitter to the message, and at the receiver, the masking is regenerated and subtracted from the received signal. The second approach utilizes modulation of the coefficients of the chaotic system in the transmitter and corresponding detection of synchronization error in the receiver to transmit binary-valued bit streams. The use of SCS's for communications relies on the robustness of the synchronization to perturbations in the drive signal. As a step toward further understanding the inherent robustness, we establish an analogy between synchronization in chaotic systems, nonlinear observers for deterministic systems, and state estimation in probabilistic systems. This analogy exists because SCS's can be viewed as performing the role of a nonlinear state space observer. To calibrate the robustness of the Lorenz SCS as a nonlinear state estimator, we compare the performance of the Lorenz SCS to an extended Kalman filter for providing state estimates when the measurement consists of a single noisy transmitter component.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Ligation of TLR5 by Flagellin Converts Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells into Activating Dendritic Cells through Inhibition of IL-10 Production. (2007)

Abstract Antigen presentation by DCs differentiated in the presence of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 has been shown to result in the development of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tolerance induction. Whether this outcome could be reverted -or not- through manipulation of the tolerogenic DCs (tol-DCs) has not been explored in detail. Here we report for the first time that tol-DCs differentiated in the presence of IL-10 display increased expression of TLR5 as compared with bone marrow-derived DCs differentiated in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4 (BM-DCs). The increased expression of TLR5 in tol-DCs seems to be a unique characteristic given that expression of other TLRs such as TLR4 and TLR9 was not different in tol-DCs as compared to BM-DCs. In lieu of our previous observation that the TLR5 ligand, flagellin, inhibits IL-10 production in antigen-presenting cells (APCs)1, and the unexpected finding that tol-DCs display higher expression of TLR5, we asked next whether flagellin could influence the functional properties of tol-DCs. First, unlike BM-DCs, tol-DCs stimulated with LPS (TLR4 ligand) produced high levels of IL-10. In sharp contrast, tol-DCs stimulated with flagellin do not produce IL-10 but produce significant levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-12. Second, while antigen presentation by LPS-stimulated tol-DCs results in the generation of IL-10 producing CD4+ T-cells, presentation of cognate antigen by flagellin-stimulated tol-DCs resulted in CD4+ T-cells that secrete IFN-gamma but not IL-10. This divergent T-cell outcome in response to antigen-presentation by tol-DCs stimulated with LPS (IL-10 producing T-cells) versus flagellin (IFN-gamma producing T-cells) suggests that TLR5 engagement might be a novel approach to convert tolerogenic DCs into activating DCs and effectively trigger productive immune responses in environments that are otherwise conducive to unresponsiveness due to the presence of IL-10.
Total Angle Resolved Scattering Characterization for Ultra-fine Finished Surface Areal-Topography (2014)

In this study, the total angle resolved scattering (T-ARS) based on the light scattering method is suggested. To characterize surface areal-topography with nano-defects using the T-ARS method we have developed an automated 3D-scattering measurement system that enables to detect the scattered light from a super-smooth surface in total directions. In order to verify the feasibility of the T-ARS method, the analysis of surface areal-topography based on 3D light scattering measurement is performed using a platinum-coated glass lens mold with an ultra-fine finished surface.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymic Cyclization of 2,3‐Dihydrosqualene and Squalene 2,3‐Epoxide by Squalene Cyclases: From Pentacyclic to Tetracyclic Triterpenes. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Competition between parallel sensorimotor learning systems (2020)

Abstract Sensorimotor adaptation benefits from learning in two parallel systems: one that has access to explicit knowledge, and another that relies on implicit, unconscious correction. However, it is unclear how these systems interact: does enhancing one system’s contributions, for example through instruction, impair the other, or do they learn independently? Here we illustrate that certain contexts can lead to competition between implicit and explicit learning. In some cases, each system is responsive to a task-related visual error. This shared error appears to create competition between these systems, such that when the explicit system increases its response, errors are siphoned away from the implicit system, thus reducing its learning. This model suggests that explicit strategy can mask changes in implicit error sensitivity related to savings and interference. Other contexts suggest that the implicit system can respond to multiple error sources. When these error sources conflict, a second type of competition occurs. Thus, the data show that during sensorimotor adaptation, behavior is shaped by competition between parallel learning systems.
Rigorous Evaluation of Ohmic-Loss Effects for Accurate Design of Traveling-Wave Antennas (1998)

In this work, the effects of the ohmic losses on the radiation properties are extensively evaluated for the general class of the traveling-wave antennas. For arbitrary aperture distributions, rigorous analytical approaches have been developed to take into account the dissipation in conductors and/or dielectrics that can adversely affect the basic design parameters, such as efficiency and leakage constant. Consequently, fundamental information is achieved both to quantify the alterations in the antenna performances due to misappreciation of the ohmic losses and, above all, to appropriately correct the synthesis procedures for improved radiation patterns. Important applications of this analysis refer to topologies of leaky-wave antennas.
Development of the Bonding with Dog Checklist (BoDC) (2018)

Abstract The growing interest in the mechanisms through which human-animal interaction (HAI) benefits humans suggests that new measures are needed to assess human bonding, especially to non-owned animals (i.e., animals that are not the human’s pet). The current study addressed this need by developing and testing a new measure to assess human bonding behavior with non-owned animals, during an animal-assisted intervention that incorporated shelter dogs. An observational measure, a 12-item Bonding with Dog Checklist (BoDC), was created based on prior work on dog bonding and attachment. Participants in the study were incarcerated adolescents residing in two juvenile detention centers (N = 131). An Exploratory Factor Analysis resulted in a final 7-item measure with a single factor structure and good inter-item reliability ( alpha = .864). Raters used the 7-item BoDC to assess bonding of youth with dogs as they trained or walked shelter dogs during a 10-week intervention. Seventeen raters were trained in use of the observational measure and attended weekly supervision meetings. BoDC scores increased over the sessions and the BoDC was moderately correlated with a measure of dog attachment in the first half of the intervention, providing some evidence for construct validity. These results provide preliminary evidence for the BoDC as a reliable and valid measure to assess human bonding to animals that are not their personal companions.
The Rovibrational Intensities of the (40 deg 1) and (00 deg 0) Pentad Absorption Bands of 12C16O2 Between 7284 and 7921 cm(exp-1) (1995)

Carbon dioxide is the major constituent of the atmospheres of both Mars and Venus. Correct interpretations of spectra of these atmospheres require accurate knowledge of a substantial number of absorption bands of this gas. This is especially true for Venus; many weak CO2 bands that are insignificant in the earth's atmosphere are prominent absorbers in Venus' hot, dense lower atmosphere. Yet, recent near-infrared spectra of Venus' nightside have discovered emission windows, which occur between CO2 absorption bands, at 4040-4550 cm(exp-1), 5700-5900 cm(exp-1), and several smaller ones between 7500 and 9400 cm(exp-1). This radiation is due to thermal emission from Venus' lower atmosphere, diminished by scattering and absorption within the sulfuric acid clouds on its way to space. Simulations of these data with radiative transfer models can provide improved information on the abundances of a number of constituents of the lower atmosphere (e.g. H2O, CO, HDO, HCl, HF, and OCS) and the optical properties of the clouds, whose spatial variation modulates the brightness of the emissions. However, the accuracy of these retrievals has been limited by insufficient knowledge of the opacity of some of the gas species, including CO2, at the large pathlengths and high temperatures and pressures that exist on Venus. In particular, modeling the emission spectrum did not produce a good fit for the emission window centered at 7830 cm(exp-1). In an ongoing effort to assist analyses of these Venus spectra, we have been making laboratory intensity measurements of several weak bands of CO2 which are significant absorbers in these Venus emission windows. The CO2 bands that are prominent in the 7830 cm(exp-1) region belong to the vibrational sequence 4v1+v3 and associated hot bands. Only 2 of the 5 bands of this sequence have been previously measured. Modeling Venus' emission spectrum in the 7830 cm(exp-1) region had to rely on calculated intensity values for the weak ground state band at 7921 cm-1 and the associated hot bands. Since the calculated intensities of ground state bands are known to have significant uncertainties, we decided to measure this (40 deg 1)I (left arrow) (00 deg 0) band with the Ames 25 meter multiple reflection absorption cell and Fourier transform spectrometer. We also measured the (40 deg 1) (sub IV) (left arrow) (00 deg 0) band at 7460 cm(exp-1), which also had not been previously measured. These measurements are reported in this article, and we also give our reanalysis of the prior measurements of the (40 deg 1) (sub III) (left arrow) (00 deg 0) bands. These measurements provide the basis for improving calculated intensities for related hot bands as well as simulations of Venus' spectrum.
Characterization of Unsteady Flow Structures Around Tandem Cylinders for Component Interaction Studies in Airframe Noise (2005)

A joint computational and experimental study has been performed at NASA Langley Research Center to investigate the unsteady flow generated by the components of an aircraft landing gear system. Because the flow field surrounding a full landing gear is so complex, the study was conducted on a simplified geometry consisting of two cylinders in tandem arrangement to isolate and characterize the pertinent flow phenomena. This paper focuses on the experimental effort where surface pressures, 2-D Particle Image Velocimetry, and hot-wire anemometry were used to document the flow interaction around the two cylinders at a Reynolds Number of 1.66 x 10(exp 5), based on cylinder diameter, and cylinder spacing-todiameter ratios, L/D, of 1.435 and 3.70. Transition strips were applied to the forward cylinder to produce a turbulent boundary layer upstream of the flow separation. For these flow conditions and L/D ratios, surface pressures on both the forward and rear cylinders show the effects of L/D on flow symmetry, base pressure, and the location of flow separation and attachment. Mean velocities and instantaneous vorticity obtained from the PIV data are used to examine the flow structure between and aft of the cylinders. Shedding frequencies and spectra obtained using hot-wire anemometry are presented. These results are compared with unsteady, Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) computations for the same configuration in a companion paper by Khorrami, Choudhari, Jenkins, and McGinley (2005). The experimental dataset produced in this study provides information to better understand the mechanisms associated with component interaction noise, develop and validate time-accurate computer methods used to calculate the unsteady flow field, and assist in modeling of the radiated noise from landing gears.
Correction of Moderate (&lt;70 Degrees) Lenke 1A and 2A Curve Patterns (2012)

All-pedicle screw systems had better coronal correction, lower instrumented vertebrae tilt, MT scoliometer measurements and scoliosis appearance questionnaire total measures than hybrid constructs. The improved coronal correction in the PS group is likely due, in part, to the higher number of spine fixation points than used in the hybrid groups.
Assignment of the carbon‐13 chemical shifts of quinacrine, chloroquine and related compounds in D<sub>2</sub>O solution (1978)

Abstract The carbon resonances of quinacrine, chloroquine, acranil, 4‐aminopyridine and 9‐aminoacridine in D 2 O solution have been assigned. Resonance assignments were made using empirical shift parameters, partial proton decoupling, selective proton decoupling and by interpretation of the fully coupled spectra. The effect of pD on the carbon chemical shifts for quinacrine and chloroquine over the range of about 4.5 to 8.5 was observed. Characteristic chemical shifts for the aromatic ring carbons for deprotonation of the heteroaromatic nitrogen were observed.
Cycling of peripheral blood and marrow lymphocytes in cyclic neutropenia. (1983)

A 16-month-old male patient with cyclic neutropenia was found to have cyclic fluctuations of monocytes, lymphocytes, platelets, and eosinophils in the peripheral blood. Changes in lymphocyte counts were not obviously related to B, T, or natural killer cells. All classes of immunoglobulins were elevated throughout the cycle. Studies of the marrow morphology revealed remarkable cyclic oscillations of lymphoid as well as myeloid lineage cells. Granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (CFU-c) cycled and were virtually absent 1 wk prior to the neutropenic nadir. The cyclic changes in marrow lymphoid cell numbers were primarily due to changes in numbers of surface immunoglobulin negative (sIg-), cytoplasmic Ig+ (cIg+) pre-B cells. Pre-B cell numbers cycled from normal to extraordinarily elevated values with the same periodicity but reciprocal to the neutrophil cycle. We propose that the primary defect in cyclic neutropenia may either be a periodic failure of an early myeloid differentiation factor or a blunted response of early myeloid precursors to a common hemopoietic growth factor. This may lead to periodic fluctuations in the production or delivery of growth factors (or factor) that influence early stages of differentiation of other hemopoietic cells, including pre-B cells. The essential periodic deficiency is consequently reflected in deficient production of CFU-c accompanied by excessive production or accumulation of pre-B cells (and probably other hemopoietic precursors) in the marrow.
All-terrain self-leveling wheelchair. (2014)

Limited mobility is something that affects approximately 6.8 million Americans. Approximately 1.7 million are using wheelchairs or scooters of some kind to enhance mobility. Everyday obstacles present a challenge to those in a wheelchair. Also, outdoor environments such as campsites, lakes, or even grass fields provide additional challenges for those with limited mobility. This project provides a solution to some of the limitations faced by those in wheelchairs. The wheels and tires of the wheelchair allow navigation through most terrains such as grass, gravel, and sand. Furthermore, as a wheelchair climbs or descends a hill it becomes unstable and the user risks tipping the wheelchair causing injury or even death. The self-leveling wheelchair uses an accelerometer to determine its angle of inclination and depending on user interface choices will display the angle or raise the seat with linear actuators to keep the seat level. This will keep the center of gravity towards the front of the chair when going up a hill and towards the back of the chair when going down a hill. This enhanced stability will give the user the confidence and ability to go places where most traditional wheelchairs can not. The chair has the ability to self-level at up to 45 degree and can provide a manual lift of 6 inches. The design presented in this report is patent pending.
A Novel Cell Reconfiguration Technique for Dynamic TDD Wireless Networks (2017)

In dynamic time division duplexing (DTDD) systems, the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) resources can be configured to adapt to changing traffic conditions. Therefore, DTDD systems are advantageously deployed in scenarios in which the UL and DL traffic demands are asymmetric and time-varying. Unfortunately, multicell DTDD systems give rise to base station-to-base station and user equipment-to-user equipment interference, that can severely degrade the system performance. Previous works on DTDD either assumed that the UL/DL configurations are given, or they did not take into account the negative impact of multicell DTDD interference. In this letter, we propose a novel cell reconfiguration technique that considers both the prevailing traffic conditions and multicell interference levels. The proposed technique is based on an efficient solution of a mixed integer linear program, whose objective is to maximize the overall system throughput taking into account users' traffic preferences. Realistic system level simulations indicate that the proposed scheme outperforms not only the static TDD system but also other reference schemes, that disregard the DTDD specific interference effects.
Extending driving simulator capabilities toward Hardware-in-the-Loop testbeds and remote vehicle interfaces (2013)

This paper describes the development of a Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) driving simulator designed with ROS and Gazebo. An analysis of current driving simulator software is conducted focusing on the requirements for HIL simulators versus traditional simulator implementations. Finally, the process for implementing an open-source HIL-centric driving simulator is documented, along with an analysis of system performance emphasizing metrics of system latency and strategies to minimize inter-hardware delays.
Thermal management of projection displays (2004)

The key requirements constraining the solutions were described. One constraint on the cooling design for most projection display products was cost. This, almost immediately, pointed to an air-cooled solution using conventional fans and heat sinks. Another constraint with a more direct customer impact that couples in with the air-cooled approach was audible noise. A third constraint was that the cooling design for projection displays must accommodate a variety of different types of components. As evident from these design constraints, the cooling solutions for projection displays was confined to conventional air-cooling approaches. The challenge was using the conventional techniques to achieve an efficient design that met all the requirements for the product.
Numerical and experimental analysis of a thin liquid film on a rotating disk related to development of a spacecraft absorption cooling system (1989)

The numerical and experimental analysis of a thin liquid film on a rotating and a stationary disk related to the development of an absorber unit for a high capacity spacecraft absorption cooling system, is described. The creation of artificial gravity by the use of a centrifugal field was focused upon in this report. Areas covered include: (1) One-dimensional computation of thin liquid film flows; (2) Experimental measurement of film height and visualization of flow; (3) Two-dimensional computation of the free surface flow of a thin liquid film using a pressure optimization method; (4) Computation of heat transfer in two-dimensional thin film flow; (5) Development of a new computational methodology for the free surface flows using a permeable wall; (6) Analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer in a thin film in the presence and absence of gravity; and (7) Comparison of theoretical prediction and experimental data. The basic phenomena related to fluid flow and heat transfer on rotating systems reported here can also be applied to other areas of space systems.