gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data-Driven Innovation (2021)

Today, innovation does not just occur in large and incumbent R&amp;D organizations. Instead, it often emerges from the start-up community. In the new innovation economy, the key is to quickly find pieces of innovation, some of which may already be developed. Therefore, there is the&nbsp;need for more advanced means of searching and identifying innovation wherever it may occurs. We point to the importance of data-driven innovation based on digital platforms, as their footprints are growing rapidly and in sync with the shift from analogue to digital innovation workflows. This book offers companies insights on paths to business success and tools that will help them find the right route through the various options when it comes to the digital platforms where innovations may be discovered and from which value may be appropriated. The world hungers for growth and one of the most important vehicles for growth is innovation. In light of the new digital platforms from which data-driven innovation can be extracted, major parts of analogue workflows will be substituted with digital workflows. Data-driven innovation and digital innovation workflows are here to stay. Are you?
Oral and dermal toxicity of alkenones extracted from i Isochrysis species i (2019)

<i>Isochrysis</i> is commercially available marine algae used for animal feed, human nutrient supplements, and biodiesel. The <i>Isochrysis species</i> is one of five genera of haptophytes that produces unique, long-chain lipids known as alkenones that are promising new ingredients for green cosmetics, personal care products and pharmaceutical delivery. However, there is a lack of toxicity data for alkenones in animals, thus limiting their use in humans. In this study, we performed acute oral, acute dermal, and repeated 28-day dermal toxicity studies, using female SAS Sprague Dawley Rats. Our behavioral studies indicated that the specific alkenones had no overt behavioural effects at oral doses up to 4000 mg/kg. In the acute and chronic dermal toxicity studies, the alkenones produced less irritation and did not significantly damage the skin based on the Draize skin reaction scale and trans-epidermal water loss readings compared to the positive control, 1% sodium lauryl sulfate. Overall, our results indicated that alkenones are safe in Sprague Dawley rats, suggesting that they could be used for both oral and dermal formulations, although additional studies will be required.
Flame Retardants in Commercial Use or Development for Textiles (2015)

No AccessFlame Retardants for Plastics and TextilesDec 2015Flame Retardants in Commercial Use or Development for TextilesEdward D. Weil, Sergei V. LevchikEdward D. WeilSearch for more papers by this author, Sergei V. LevchikSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9781569905791.011SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2015Pages: 265-302Print ISBN: 978-1-56990-578-4eISBN: 978-1-56990-579-1 Copyright & Permissions© 2016 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Implicit Modeling with Skeleton Curves: Controlled Blending in Contact Situations (2002)

International audience
Abstract 3: Imaging of stromal cells during hepatocellular metastasis formation in the RFP-MUP-uPA mouse (2014)

Abstract Major urinary protein-urokinase type plasminogen activator (MUP-uPA) transgenic mice develop liver disease. We have developed the RFP-MUP-uPA mice, by crossing MUP-uPA mice with transgenic mice ubiquitously-expressing RFP. Hepatocyte RFP fluorescence in this model is very strong. In addition, RFP fluorescence of stromal cells is very bright enabling the portal vein and sinusoid structures to be clearly visualized. Huh7 liver cancer cells expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) were injected in the spleen of MUP-uPA transgenic mice. The vessels of the MUP-uPA liver are filled with Huh7-GFP cells as imaged in live mice 3h after cell injection. Huh7-GFP cells formed tumor colonies in the liver 28 days after cell transplantation to the spleen. The Huh7-GFP cells were visualized in the liver with the Olympus FV1000 confocal microscope. In large metastatic liver tumors in RFP-MUP-uPA mice, stroma cells derived from the host animal appeared around and into the edge of Huh7-GFP tumors. In contrast, in small metastatic liver tumors, there were no stromal cells observed. The stromal cells were observed in the spleen primary tumor, as well as kidney and the lung metastasis in addition to the large liver tumors. This model enables imaging the effects of uPA on liver metastasis and stromal recruitment enabling the metastasis to progress. Citation Format: Atsushi Suetsugu, Hisanobu Ogata, Yukihiko Hiroshima, Masashi Momiyama, Yosuke Osawa, Hisataka Moriwaki, Shigetoyo Saji, Michael Karin, Robert M. Hoffman. Imaging of stromal cells during hepatocellular metastasis formation in the RFP-MUP-uPA mouse. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3
Differential alteration of lipid antigen presentation to NKT cells due to imbalances in lipid metabolism (2007)

Deficiencies in enzymes of the lysosomal glycosphingolipid degradation pathway or in lysosomal lipid transfer proteins cause an imbalance in lipid metabolism and induce accumulation of certain lipids. A possible impact of such an imbalance on the presentation of lipid antigens to lipid-reactive T cells has only been hypothesized but not extensively studied so far. Here we demonstrate that presentation of lipid antigens to, and development of, lipid-reactive CD1d-restricted NKT cells, are impaired in mice deficient in the lysosomal enzyme beta-galactosidase (betaGal) or the lysosomal lipid transfer protein Niemann-Pick C (NPC) 2. Importantly, the residual populations of NKT cells selected in betaGal-/- and NPC2-/- mice showed differential TCR and CD4 repertoire characteristics, suggesting that differential selecting CD1d:lipid antigen complexes are formed. Furthermore, we provide direct evidence that accumulation of lipids impairs lipid antigen presentation in both cases. However, the mechanisms by which imbalanced lipid metabolism affected lipid antigen presentation were different. Based on these results, the impact of lipid accumulation should be generally considered in the interpretation of immunological deficiencies found in mice suffering from lipid metabolic disorders.
Potentiated Phospho-Protein Network Profiling of Multiple Myeloma Cell Lines and Primary Patient Samples by Multi-Parameter Flow Cytometry. (2007)

Abstract The importance of aberrant signal transduction in the development and progression of cancers including multiple myeloma (MM) is well recognized, although the detailed regulation of signaling networks in relation to oncogenic mutations remains incompletely understood. However, this subject is becoming increasing relevant to clinical oncology due the rapid development of biological-based therapies that can target signaling pathways. Analytical methods that can be applied to clinical samples to measure complex populations of cells and phenotype them for multiple activation states are now feasible due to the recent advances in intracellular signal techniques, flow cytometry and phospho-antibodies. Using multi-parameter flow cytometry, we monitored phospho-protein responses to activators/cytokines and signal transduction inhibitors in a panel of 14 extensively characterized human MM cell lines with heterogeneous molecular abnormalities. A panel of 4-phospho-specific antibodies: anti-pS6, anti-ERK1/2, anti-pAKT and anti-pSTAT3 that represent downstream target genes of signaling pathways known to play central roles in myelomagenesis were used in the initial analysis. Sixteen conditions (basal, inhibitor, activator alone, activator and inhibitor) were studied to generated 64 readouts designed to survey altered signal transduction in the 14 cell lines. We collected data on unstimulated cells and cells stimulated for 7–10 min with IL-6, IGF-1 or FGF or cells inhibited with the signal transduction inhibitors U0126 (MEK), rapamycin (mTOR) or LY294002 (PI3-K). Repeat measurements were collected and the technique and monoclonal antibodies displayed a high level of reproducibly. In contrast, the basal, cytokine and inhibitor responses between cell lines varied considerably reflecting the molecular heterogeneity at the level of signaling responses. The protocols that have been refined and validated in myeloma cell lines are now being applied to primary bone marrow samples from MM patients. Although the same size thus far is small, phospho-protein responses among primary CD138 positive myeloma cells show considerable induction and variance of AKT, MAPK, STAT3 and pS6 phosphorylation. In some MM tumor samples treatment with inhibitors suggest constitutive activation of these signaling pathways while in others the nodes remain activable with phosphorylation above the basal state following stimulation. The data further suggests that MAPK phosphorylation following aFGF stimulation displays significant variance among MM samples and correlates with the detection of t(4;14) translocation by FISH analysis. Additional samples are being assessed and correlation of phospho-protein responses with clinical parameters and cytogenetics will be reported. The data demonstrate that multi-parameter flow cytometry can be applied to myeloma tumor samples to study the phospho-proteome and that considerable heterogeneity exists at the level of signaling responses.
Deep-Learning-Aided Joint Channel Estimation and Data Detection for Spatial Modulation (2020)

Deep neural network (DNN)-aided spatial modulation (SM) is conceived. In particular, a pair of DNN structures are designed for replacing the conventional model-based channel estimators and detectors. As our first prototype, the conventional DNN estimates the channel relying on the pilot symbols and then carries out data detection in a data-driven manner. By contrast, our new DeepSM scheme is proposed for operation in more realistic time-varying channels, which updates the channel state information (CSI) at each time-slot (TS) before detecting the data. Hence, our novel DeepSM scheme is capable of performing well even in highly dynamic communication environments. Finally, our simulations show that the proposed DeepSM outperforms the conventional model-based channel estimation and data detection for transmission over time-varying channels.
Supplementary Table from Spatial Positioning and Matrix Programs of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promote T-cell Exclusion in Human Lung Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Table from Spatial Positioning and Matrix Programs of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promote T-cell Exclusion in Human Lung Tumors
Low-loss heterogeneously integrated barium-titanate-on-silicon-nitride photonics (2023)

We present a hybrid barium titanate photonics platform exhibiting exceptionally low losses of 0.7 dB/cm and realize ring resonators with intrinsic quality factors exceeding 6 × 10 5 . Measurement of V π L = 0.56 V · cm in electro-optic modulation experiments demonstrates the platform’s potential.
Structure and Function of the Plant Alternative Oxidase: Its Putative Role in the Oxygen Defence Mechanism (1997)

Current understanding of the structure and function of the plant alternative oxidase is reviewed. In particular, the role of the oxidase in the protection of tissues against oxidative stress is developed.
Laboratory Assays Against Adult and Larval Sap Beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) Using Entomopathogenic Nematodes, Microbial-Based Insecticides, and Synthetic Insecticides (2019)

Sap beetles, Carpophilus spp. (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), damage peach fruit leading to the need for efficacious control measures. We assayed different species and strains of entomopathogenic nematodes (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Vs strain, H. indica HOM1 strain, H. megidis UK211 strain, Steinernema carpocapsae All strain, S. feltiae Sn strain, and S. riobrave 355 strain) against larval Carpophilus spp. and insecticides (microbialbased Grandevo® and Venerate™ bioinsecticides, along with the synthetic thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, indoxacarb, β-cyfluthrin, clothianidin, carbaryl, chlorantraniliprole, fenpropathrin, spinetoram, phosmet, malathion, and imidacloprid) against adult Carpophilus spp. in the laboratory. All entomopathogenic nematodes assayed caused significantly higher larval mortality than the control. How the insecticides were presented to the adult beetles affected whether beetles were rated as nonfeeding (dead+moribund). Fewer insecticides were active against the adults when applied to filter paper than when applied to a plug of pear that beetles fed upon. Overall, indoxacarb and phosmet provided consistently better control, regardless of the exposure method. These two insecticides, with different modes of action, also have a 14-d preharvest interval when used on peach, making it imperative to detect these pests well before harvest. Chlorantraniliprole and the microbial-based products had no effect on adult beetles regardless of the exposure method.
Biosynthesis of Aromatic Polyketides in Bacteria (2009)

Natural products, produced chiefly by microorganisms and plants, can be large and structurally complex molecules. These molecules are manufactured by cellular assembly lines, in which enzymes construct the molecules in a stepwise fashion. The means by which enzymes interact and work together in a modular fashion to create diverse structural features has been an active area of research; the work has provided insight into the fine details of biosynthesis. A number of polycyclic aromatic natural products--including several noteworthy anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, and other medicinally significant substances--are synthesized by polyketide synthases (PKSs) in soil-borne bacteria called actinomycetes. Concerted biosynthetic, enzymological, and structural biological investigations into these modular enzyme systems have yielded interesting mechanistic insights. A core module called the minimal PKS is responsible for synthesizing a highly reactive, protein-bound poly-beta-ketothioester chain. In the absence of other enzymes, the minimal PKS also catalyzes chain initiation and release, yielding an assortment of polycyclic aromatic compounds. In the presence of an initiation PKS module, polyketide backbones bearing additional alkyl, alkenyl, or aryl primer units are synthesized, whereas a range of auxiliary PKS enzymes and tailoring enzymes convert the product of the minimal PKS into the final natural product. In this Account, we summarize the knowledge that has been gained regarding this family of PKSs through recent investigations into the biosynthetic pathways of two natural products, actinorhodin and R1128 (A-D). We also discuss the practical relevance of these fundamental insights for the engineered biosynthesis of new polycyclic aromatic compounds. With a deeper understanding of the biosynthetic process in hand, we can assert control at various stages of molecular construction and thus introduce unnatural functional groups in the process. The metabolic engineer affords a number of new avenues for creating novel molecular structures that will likely have properties akin to their fully natural cousins.
Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (PAPVR) in a Patient with Sjogren's Syndrome (2013)

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rare manifestation in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) and it can occur with or without interstitial lung disease (ILD). Patients with PH and ILD who show signs of exacerbation of dyspnea are commonly assessed for pure PH aggravation, ILD progression or pulmonary infection. However, the presence of congenital cardiac anomalies, such as partial anomalous pulmonary vein return (PAPVR), can also be a cause of dyspnea exacerbation. PAPVR is a rare congenital anomaly that involves drainage of 1 to 3 pulmonary veins into the right-sided heart circulation, resulting in a partial left-to-right shunt. Here we present a case of PAPVR as the cause of PH aggravation in a patient with pSS with accompanying PH.
The Effectiveness of TEA CO<sub>2</sub>-laser Ablation for the Treatment of Hot Dipped Galvanized Mild Steel Prior to Adhesive Bonding (1998)

SummaryTEA CO2-laser ablation has been studied to establish its effectiveness for the cleaning of hot dipped galvanised (HDG) mild steel. This laser-based process was demonstrated to be more effective than double-degreasing for the removal of organic contamination from a previously oily surface. In addition, the TEA CO2-laser was shown to modify both the near surface chemistry and the topography; the precise modifications being dependent upon the degree of treatment used.In bond durability trials, the changes introduced to the laser-treated HDG surface were shown to provide equivalent or better joints compared with degreased adherends. In the same durability trials, a commercially-available phosphate-based, wet chemical treatment was shown to provide bond durability significantly inferior to the TEA CO2-laser. In contrast, a chromate-based process gave markedly superior bond durability. Possible explanations for the bond test results have been given.
Pollution and Sun Exposure: A Deleterious Synergy. Mechanisms and Opportunities for Skin Protection (2018)

In people exposed to highly polluted environments, pollutants and sunlight may synergistically damage skin, requiring a specific protection.
Enhancing Student'S Learning And Satisfaction Through The Use Of Social Media (2018)

<strong>ABSTRACT </strong> Communication in and out the classroom is an essential component for education. As the technology emerges, there is a need to adopt to the new technologies to enhance students’ learning experience. Social media technologies provide informal communication methods that promote student engagement and satisfaction by removing communication barriers. In this paper, we report our experience in using different social media technologies to enhance students’ learning experience and satisfaction with the course. We perform our experiment in software project management course and conduct a survey to assess the students’ perspective towards using these different social media technologies in enhancing their learning and satisfaction. Results show that students are satisfied and feel that their learning experience has improved when using social media for class communication. <strong>KEYWORDS </strong> Student learning experience., student satisfaction, social media <strong>Original Source URL: http://aircconline.com/ijite/V7N2/7218ijite01.pdf</strong> <strong>For more details: http://airccse.org/journal/ijite/current.html</strong>
Group practice in Urology: A cross-sectional analysis over 8 years (2014–2021) (2022)

Purpose: Physician and medical practices have undergone significant consolidation over the last decade. This has been in response to federal and financial changes to health care delivery within the United States. As per the 2021 AUA annual census, the percentage of employed practicing urologists (not in solo or partnership practice) increased from 51.3% to 64.4% between 2015 and 2020 (AUA Census 2021). Our objective was to further examine the changing trends among provider groups within Urology between 2014 and 2021. Methods: Publicly available information from within Medicare Physician Compare, published by the US Centres for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) was used. Practice size data were pulled from 1 month each year between 2014 and 2021 and filtered by physicians listing ‘Urology’ as their primary specialty. Practices were divided into categories based on size. Statistical calculations were conducted using R (version 4.0.2). Results: Solo or partnership practice declined by 15.9% compared to larger practice groups which increased by an average of 5.1%. Providers within the Northeast US illustrated the largest migration to larger practices with 101%, 162% and 232% growth among practices with 25–99, 100–499 and over 500 providers, respectively. Conclusion: Urologists have been moving increasingly towards larger group practice since 2014. An emphasis on value-based healthcare, integration of electronic records and an increase in administrative workload are only some of the influencing factors likely responsible for this trend. Further studies are needed to examine the effect practice consolidation has on patient outcomes and cost of care.
Environment and conformation dependent sensitivity of the arsanilazotyrosine-248 carboxypeptidase A chromophore (1975)

Reaction of carboxypeptidase A crystals with diazotized arsanilic acid uniquely modifies Tyr-248 to form a monazo derivative, which-in solution-forms an intramolecular inner-sphere coordination complex in the active site zinc atom. tarsanilazocarboxypeptidase exhibits spectral properties that are closely similar to those of the model complex, tetrazolylazo-N-carbobenzoxytyrosine Zn2+, with a distinctive maximum at 510 nm. In addition, its circular dichroic spectrum reveals a negative extremum at this wavelength, also characteristic of this complex. Both spectra are exquisitely responsive to pth changes and serve to monitor formation and dissociation of the metal-azophenol complex. Two pKapp at 7.7 and 9.5 delineate the pH range over which the probe characteristics most effectively gauge conformational features of the active center of arsanilazcarboxypeptidase. Other environmental parameters, e.g., substrates and inhibitors, as well as crystallization of the enzyme also critically influence the formation and dissociation of the complex; the response of the probe suggests that they induce conformational movement of the azoTyr-248 residue away from the zinc atom. tthe now available chemical, functional, structural data bearing on the spatial relationships of Tyr-248 and Zn, both thought critical to catalysis, are evaluated, based on spectra of arsanilazo- and nitrocarboxypeptidase crystals and solutions as well as on detailed kinetic analyses of the native enzyme in both physical states and based on the X-ray structure analysis of the native enzyme and its Gly-L-Tyr complex. Collectively all of the data show that the conformation of carboxypeptidase in crystals differs from that in solution. Moreover, reexamination of the original X-ray maps reported in 1968 and thought to preclude a Tyr-248-Zn interaction now leads to the conclusion that in up to 25 per cent of the molecules in the crystals ttyr-248 interacts with the active site zinc atom (W.D. Lipscomb (1973), Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci U.S. 70, 3797). Thus, even in the crystals the enzyme exists in at least two different conformations. In one of these Tyr-248 is near while in the other it is far from the zinc atom. The spectral effects of Gly-L-Tyr and beta-phenylpropionate on solutions of arsanilazo- and of nitrocarboxypeptidase demonstrate that during the catalytic process Tyr-248 moves away from the zinc atom. This implies a mechanistic role for Tyr-248 different from that postulated on the basis of X-ray crystallographic analysis. Indeed, the proximity of ttyr-248 to the zinc atom, when altered by substrates and inhibitor, may reflect certain of the properties characteristic of the entatic, active site.