gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cu-Catalyzed Hydroboration of Benzylidenecyclopropanes: Reaction Optimization, (Hetero)Aryl Scope, and Origins of Pathway Selectivity (2019)

The copper-catalyzed hydroboration of benzylidenecyclopropanes, conveniently accessed in one step from readily available benzaldehydes, is reported. Under otherwise identical reaction conditions, two distinct phosphine ligands grant access to different products by either suppressing or promoting cyclopropane opening via β-carbon elimination. Computational studies provide insight into how the rigidity and steric environment of these different bis-phosphine ligands influence the relative activation energies of β-carbon elimination versus protodecupration from the key benzylcopper intermediate. The method tolerates a wide variety of heterocycles prevalent in clinical and pre-clinical drug development, giving access to valuable synthetic intermediates. The versatility of the tertiary cyclopropylboronic ester products is demonstrated through several derivatization reactions.
Metamodelling with formal semantics with application to access control specification (2015)

The visual aspect of metamodelling languages is an efficient lever to deal with the complexity of specifying systems. In many application domains, these systems are generally characterized by the sensitivity and criticality of their contents, hence precision and formalism are essential goals. This paper considers the domain of access control specification languages and proposes a metamodelling paradigm with capabilities for specifying both semantics and structuring elements. We describe how to specify semantics of domain specific systems at the metamodel and model levels. The paradigm defines reusable rules allowing mapping the models, including their semantics, to first order logic programs. It represents a methodical approach to elaborate domain specific languages endowed with visual aspects and means of reasoning on formal specifications. The paradigm is applicable to a wide range of systems. We show in this paper its application in the area of decision systems.
Impact of Treatment of Ocular Chronic GVHD with a Scleral Lens Prosthetic Device as a National Network of Clinical Centers Expands (2012)

To study impact of Prosthetic Replacement of the Ocular Surface Ecosystem (PROSE) treatment in patients with ocular chronic graft-versus-host-disease (cGVHD) as clinical services expand to partner clinics based at academic tertiary eye care centers across the United States (US). Retrospective review of PROSE manufacturing database from Jan 2002 through March 2011. Number of patients treated for diagnosis of ocular cGVHD by year, gender, age, baseline NEI VFQ-25, state of residence, and location of treatment are reported. Baseline Composite NEI VFQ-25 score and self-reported general health score, and changes in those scores at 6 months, in a 4-month 2010 cohort of patients from main center and two partner clinics, are compared by t-test. 333 patients with ocular cGVHD were treated with scleral lens prosthetic devices from 2002 through March 2011. M:F = 187:146. Mean age at time of treatment is 50 years ±13. One patient with ocular cGVHD was treated in 2002, increasing to 78 patients with this diagnosis treated in 2010. Percentage of patients treated at partner clinics increased from 16% in 2009, to 33% in 2010, to 64% in the first quarter of 2011. Significant improvement in visual function was observed in patients treated at main center in Massachusetts (mean improvement = 30pts, n = 18 p<0.001) and in patients treated at partner clinics (mean improvement = 41pts, n = 6, p<0.001). There is no significant difference in baseline scores, although there is trend to lower scores at partner clinics for Composite NEI VFQ-25score, p = 0.051. There is increased utilization of PROSE treatment for ocular cGVHD over the past decade in the US, particularly with the establishment of partner clinics. Limited data indicates that patients treated at partner clinics have same or lower baseline visual function and self-reported general health status when compared to patients treated at main center. Patients treated at partner clinics achieve similar high level of positive impact on visual function as patients treated at main center.
Data packet throughput of the Space Station Freedom Ku-band return link due to encryption (2002)

An analysis is made of the probabilities of data packet loss for both an encrypted channel in self-synchronous cipher feedback mode and a nonencrypted channel in the Ku-band single-access return link of the Space Station Freedom (SSF). Simulation results show reasonable agreement with analytical results. When channel bit error probability is 10/sup -5/ and the total number of packets in a frame is three, the analytical result is 0.39% packet loss, while the simulation result is 0.22% packet loss due to encryption. Although the analysis is performed for the SSF application, the equations derived, with minor changes, will be useful in many packet communication applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
On the capacity of the noncausal relay channel (2011)

This paper studies the noncausal relay channel, also known as the relay channel with unlimited lookahead, introduced by El Gamal, Hassanpour, and Mammen. Unlike the standard relay channel model, where the relay encodes its signal based on the previous received output symbols, the relay in the noncausal relay channel encodes its signal as a function of the entire received sequence. In the existing coding schemes, the relay uses this noncausal information solely to recover the transmitted message and then cooperates with the sender to communicate this message to the receiver. However, it is shown in this paper that by applying the Gelfand-Pinsker coding scheme, the relay can take further advantage of the noncausally available information, which can achieve strictly higher rates than existing coding schemes. This paper also provides a new upper bound on the capacity of the noncausal relay that strictly improves upon the cutset bound. These new lower and upper bounds on the capacity coincide for the class of degraded noncausal relay channels and establish the capacity for this class.
Application of Digital Recorder in Intelligent Substation (2010)

The differences in the design between digital recorder and traditional recorder,the function of digital recorder were described based on the characteristics and construction needs of digital substation,the design technical features of applying new digital substation technology and standards were described.
DetectoRS: Detecting Objects with Recursive Feature Pyramid and Switchable Atrous Convolution (2020)

Many modern object detectors demonstrate outstanding performances by using the mechanism of looking and thinking twice. In this paper, we explore this mechanism in the backbone design for object detection. At the macro level, we propose Recursive Feature Pyramid, which incorporates extra feedback connections from Feature Pyramid Networks into the bottom-up backbone layers. At the micro level, we propose Switchable Atrous Convolution, which convolves the features with different atrous rates and gathers the results using switch functions. Combining them results in DetectoRS, which significantly improves the performances of object detection. On COCO test-dev, DetectoRS achieves state-of-the-art 55.7% box AP for object detection, 48.5% mask AP for instance segmentation, and 50.0% PQ for panoptic segmentation. The code is made publicly available.
Head-and-neck multi-channel B1+ mapping and carotid arteries RF shimming using a parallel transmit head coil (2022)

Purpose: Neurovascular MRI suffers from a rapid drop in B1+ into the neck when using transmit head coils at 7T. One solution to improving B1+ magnitude in the major feeding arteries in the neck is to use custom RF shims on parallel transmit (pTx) head coils. However, calculating such shims requires robust multi-channel B1+ maps in both the head and the neck, which is challenging due to low RF penetration into the neck, limited dynamic range of multi-channel B1+ mapping techniques, and B0 sensitivity. We therefore sought a robust large-dynamic-range pTx field mapping protocol, and tested whether RF shimming can improve carotid artery B1+ in practice. Methods: A pipeline is presented that combines B1+ mapping data acquired using circularly polarized (CP-) and CP2-mode RF shims at multiple voltages. The pipeline was evaluated by comparing the predicted and measured B1+ for multiple random transmit shims, and by assessing the ability of RF shimming to increase the B1+ in the carotid arteries. Results: The proposed method achieved good agreement between predicted and measured B1+ in both the head and the neck. The B1+ magnitude in the carotid arteries can be increased by 42% using tailored RF shims or by 37% using universal RF shims, while also improving the RF homogeneity compared to CP mode. Conclusion: B1+ in the neck can be increased using RF shims calculated from multi-channel B1+ maps in both the head and the neck. This can be achieved using universal phase-only RF shims, facilitating easy implementation in existing sequences.
T‐495, a novel low cooperative M<sub>1</sub> receptor positive allosteric modulator, improves memory deficits associated with cholinergic dysfunction and is characterized by low gastrointestinal side effect risk (2020)

M<sub>1</sub> muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M<sub>1</sub> R) activation can be a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of cognitive deficits associated with cholinergic hypofunction. However, M<sub>1</sub> R activation causes gastrointestinal (GI) side effects in animals. We previously found that an M<sub>1</sub> R positive allosteric modulator (PAM) with lower cooperativity (α-value) has a limited impact on ileum contraction and can produce a wider margin between cognitive improvement and GI side effects. In fact, TAK-071, a novel M<sub>1</sub> R PAM with low cooperativity (α-value of 199), improved scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits with a wider margin against GI side effects than a high cooperative M<sub>1</sub> R PAM, T-662 (α-value of 1786), in rats. Here, we describe the pharmacological characteristics of a novel low cooperative M<sub>1</sub> R PAM T-495 (α-value of 170), using the clinically tested higher cooperative M<sub>1</sub> R PAM MK-7622 (α-value of 511) as a control. In rats, T-495 caused diarrhea at a 100-fold higher dose than that required for the improvement of scopolamine-induced memory deficits. Contrastingly, MK-7622 showed memory improvement and induction of diarrhea at an equal dose. Combination of T-495, but not of MK-7622, and donepezil at each sub-effective dose improved scopolamine-induced memory deficits. Additionally, in mice with reduced acetylcholine levels in the forebrain via overexpression of A53T α-synuclein (ie, a mouse model of dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease with dementia), T-495, like donepezil, reversed the memory deficits in the contextual fear conditioning test and Y-maze task. Thus, low cooperative M<sub>1</sub> R PAMs are promising agents for the treatment of memory deficits associated with cholinergic dysfunction.
The Arabidopsis Cks1At protein binds the cyclin-dependent kinases Cdc2aAt and Cdc2bAt (1997)

International audience
An Investigation of the Impacts of Rail Accidents on Property Values in the Era of Unconventional Oil (2018)

Environmental Economics and Policy, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Risk and Uncertainty
Intramembranous processing by γ‐secretase regulates reverse signaling of ephrin‐B2 in migration of microglia (2017)

The Eph-ephrin system plays pivotal roles in cell adhesion and migration. The receptor-like functions of the ephrin ligands allow the regulation of intracellular processes via reverse signaling. γ-Secretase mediated processing of ephrin-B has previously been linked to activation of Src, a kinase crucial for focal adhesion and podosome phosphorylation. Here, we analyzed the role of γ-secretase in the stimulation of reverse ephrin-B2 signaling in the migration of mouse embryonic stem cell derived microglia. The proteolytic generation of the ephrin-B2 intracellular domain (ICD) by γ-secretase stimulates Src and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Inhibition of γ-secretase decreased the phosphorylation of Src and FAK, and reduced cell motility. These effects were associated with enlargement of the podosomal surface. Interestingly, expression of ephrin-B2 ICD could rescue these effects, indicating that this proteolytic fragment mediates the activation of Src and FAK, and thereby regulates podosomal dynamics in microglial cells. Together, these results identify γ-secretase as well as ephrin-B2 as regulators of microglial migration.
Multistandard-compliant receiver architecture with low-voltage implementation (2005)

Multistandard-compliant wireless transceivers with low-voltage low-power implementation are in great demand to match the proliferation of multiple WLANs and the continuous scaling of CMOS technologies. This paper proposes both the architecture and the corresponding circuit techniques to implement a low-IF/zero-IF reconfigurable receiver IF-to-baseband chip for IEEE 802.11a/b/g WLAN. Optimum low-voltage circuit techniques enabled a successful operation at 1 V in 0.35-μm CMOS.
Deep neural network trained on surface ECG improves diagnostic accuracy of prior myocardial infarction over Q wave analysis (2020)

Abstract Background Detection of prior myocardial infarction (MI) may inform arrhythmia treatment and prognosis, yet cardiac imaging is resource intensive. ECG Q-wave analysis is quick and inexpensive but has poor accuracy for assessing prior MI. Purpose To evaluate the ability of a deep neural network (DNN) trained on the surface ECG to identify patients with prior MI. Methods We assessed 608 well-characterized patients (61.4±14.5 years, 31.2% female) at 2 academic centers. From one 12-lead ECG, median beats were calculated in 3 orthogonal planes (X, Y, Z; Fig. 1A) and used to train a DNN to identify a history of prior MI. Accuracy was compared to manual assessment of pathologic Q waves, defined as a deflection &amp;gt;25% of the subsequent R wave, &amp;gt;40ms in width, and &amp;gt;0.2mV amplitude in 1 of 3 ECG planes. Results Of 608 patients, 175 had history of MI (28.7%). The DNN outperformed the accuracy of pathologic Q waves. In training, DNN converged to &amp;gt;98% accuracy and in testing, its accuracy was 71±5% (Fig. 1B) (k=5-fold cross validation). This outperformed the 62% accuracy of pathologic Q waves in this study (red dotted line, Fig. 1B). In the validation cohort, DNN provided an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.730 (Fig. 1C). Conclusion Deep learning of a 12-lead ECG can identify features of prior myocardial injury more accurately than Q-wave analysis. In attempting to improve these results further, studies should explain what inputs weighted DNN decisions, and identify those that reflect abnormalities detectable clinically or on imaging. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): NIH NRSA F32
Design Optimization of Centrifugal Microfluidic “Lab-on-a-Disc” Systems towards Fluidic Larger-Scale Integration (2021)

Enhancing the degree of functional multiplexing while assuring operational reliability and manufacturability at competitive costs are crucial ingredients for enabling comprehensive sample-to-answer automation, e.g., for use in common, decentralized “Point-of-Care” or “Point-of-Use” scenarios. This paper demonstrates a model-based “digital twin” approach, which efficiently supports the algorithmic design optimization of exemplary centrifugo-pneumatic (CP) dissolvable-film (DF) siphon valves toward larger-scale integration (LSI) of well-established “Lab-on-a-Disc” (LoaD) systems. Obviously, the spatial footprint of the valves and their upstream laboratory unit operations (LUOs) have to fit, at a given radial position prescribed by its occurrence in the assay protocol, into the locally accessible disc space. At the same time, the retention rate of a rotationally actuated CP-DF siphon valve and, most challengingly, its band width related to unavoidable tolerances of experimental input parameters need to slot into a defined interval of the practically allowed frequency envelope. To accomplish particular design goals, a set of parametrized metrics is defined, which are to be met within their practical boundaries while (numerically) minimizing the band width in the frequency domain. While each LSI scenario needs to be addressed individually on the basis of the digital twin, a suite of qualitative design rules and instructive showcases structures are presented.
Combination Therapy With Gefitinib and Rofecoxib in Patients With Platinum-Pretreated Relapsed Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer (2007)

Gefitinib combined with rofecoxib provided disease control equivalent to that expected with single-agent gefitinib and was generally well tolerated. Baseline serum proteomics may help identify those patients most likely to benefit from EGFR TKIs.
A microprocessor based decoder for BCH codes (1979)

Presents some preliminary results on the implementation of a binary BCH decoder involving a combination of specially designed hardware for some operations and a software implementation on a microprocessor for the remaining operations. With such a microprocessor based decoder, a large number of different BCH codes can be accommodated with little or no hardware changes. The decoding task is a function of the software and thus allows common hardware to support a wide range of functions. The main purpose of this paper is to report on the implementation of the error locator polynomial, and the Chien's search for finding the error locations, using the table look-up technique suitable to a microprocessor based decoder.
Radii of Gyration of Ring-Shaped Polystyrenes with High Purity in Dilute Solutions. (2011)

Ring polystyrenes (PSs) were synthesized by anionic polymerization technique and purified with preparative size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). Seven ring PSs with their weight-average molecular weight (Mw) ranging from 17k to 570k were prepared and they were confirmed to have high purities all over 96% by liquid chromatography at the chromatographic critical condition (LCCC) analyses. Their radii of gyration (Rgs) were determined in benzene-d6 as a good solvent and in cyclohexane-d12 or cyclohexane-h12 as Θ solvents by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) or light scattering (LS). It has been found that Rgs of ring polymers are scaled with Mw as Rg∝Mw0.60 in a good solvent and as Rg∝Mw0.53 in Θ solvents. Moreover it was confirmed that g factors, Rg2(Ring)/Rg2(Linear), obtained in Θ solvents are meaningfully larger than theoretically predicted values owing to the topological effect stored in ring molecules.
Synthesis of Flow and Thermal Transport in Porous Media as Applied to Biological Applications (2021)

Abstract The biological systems are tied to the molecular transport across the living tissues which in turn highly depend on kinetic and thermal energy exchanges. For various applications ranging from artery modeling to very sensitive tissue modeling such as the brain, porous media modeling accurately predicts biological behavior. This article elaborately addresses the fundamentals of porous media and provides a comprehensive synthesis of the theory development from the primary methods available in the literature to the modern mathematical formulations. Specifically, this paper concentrates on two remarkable biological applications including (1) blood flow interactions with the porous tissue and (2) hydrodynamic impacts of particle-particle interactions in the microscale modeling that requires a Lagrangian frame.
SELPLG Gene Polymorphisms in Relation to Plasma SELPLG Levels and Coronary Artery Disease (2003)

P-selectin and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand (SELPLG, selectin P ligand) constitute a receptor/ligand complex that is likely to be involved in the development of atherosclerosis and its complications. While the genetic variability of P-selectin has already been investigated in depth, that of the SELPLG gene has not yet been extensively explored. The coding and regulatory sequences of the SELPLG were screened and nine polymorphisms were identified. The identified polymorphisms were genotyped in the AtheroGene study, a case-control study of coronary artery disease (CAD). Haplotype analysis revealed that two polymorphisms of SELPLG, the M62I and the VNTR, independently influenced plasma SELPLG levels. Conversely, haplotypes of SELPLG were not associated with CAD risk.
Postpartum weight retention and breastfeeding among obese women from the randomized controlled Lifestyle in Pregnancy (LiP) trial (2014)

We could not detect sustained weight control at 6 months postpartum despite a lower gestational weight gain for obese women during pregnancy who received a lifestyle intervention rather than standard care. Women who adhered to gestational weight gain recommendations had significantly lower postpartum weight retention. Breastfeeding for 6 months was negatively associated with postpartum weight retention.
Compact silicon-on-insulator wavelength demultiplexer with heterogeneously integrated InAlAs/InGaAs photodetectors (2008)

We present experimental results of a 4-channel demultiplexer with integrated photodetectors. The device consists of a silicon-on-insulator planar concave grating demultiplexer and heterogeneously integrated III-V photodetectors.
A Robust Discovery Platform for the Identification of Novel Mediators of Melanoma Metastasis (2022)

Metastasis is a complex process, requiring cells to overcome barriers that are only incompletely modeled by in vitro assays. A systematic workflow was established using robust, reproducible in vivo models and standardized methods to identify novel players in melanoma metastasis. This approach allows for data inference at specific experimental stages to precisely characterize a gene's role in metastasis. Models are established by introducing genetically modified melanoma cells via intracardiac, intradermal, or subcutaneous injections into mice, followed by monitoring with serial in vivo imaging. Once preestablished endpoints are reached, primary tumors and/or metastases-bearing organs are harvested and processed for various analyses. Tumor cells can be sorted and subjected to any of several 'omics' platforms, including single-cell RNA sequencing. Organs undergo imaging and immunohistopathological analyses to quantify the overall burden of metastases and map their specific anatomic location. This optimized pipeline, including standardized protocols for engraftment, monitoring, tissue harvesting, processing, and analysis, can be adopted for patient-derived, short-term cultures and established human and murine cell lines of various solid cancer types.