gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Simulation of a Shock Absorbing Shell for Ballistic Vests and Helmets to Achieve Optimal Protection (2011)

This work deals with the modeling and simulation of shock absorbing shells for ballistic vests and helmets to achieve optimal protection. Shock absorbing shell is modeled as a circular membrane with clamped edge. Symmetrical loading patterns were considered as follows: uniformly distributed pressure over the entire surface of the shell, uniformly distributed pressure over a part of the shell's surface, for bullets with button and truncated cone nose, as well as centric concentrated force, for bullets with conical and tangential ogive nose. Depth and volume of the back face signature, as well as the shell stiffness were evaluated. Then, the influence of force eccentricity was considered. Ballistic vests and helmets offer the lowest degree of protection for loading by concentrated centric forces, since they produce the largest back face signatures. Increased protection is achieved if the bullet contacts the shell unit at a certain eccentricity, and if the bullet's impact force is spread over a larger area. Based on such models one explains the experimentally observed armor strengthening by silica colloidal pads placed on the outer or inner face of the shell unit.
Sutureless Closure of Arterial Cannulation Sites (2020)

The data presented here support the use of the MANTA<sup>®</sup> vascular closure device for the closure of arterial cannulation sites following ECMO decannulation and demonstrates utility of a novel adaptor system for establishing endovascular access in this context.
Aspects cliniques de la maladie de Hodgkin (2000)

La maladie de Hodgkin (MDH) est une proliferation maligne generalement ganglionnaire caracterisee par la presence de cellules de Reed-Sternberg (CRS) dont l’origine est tres probablement lymphocytaire B [1-3]. Son etiologie reste inconnue meme si le role du virus Epstein-Barr (EBV) est evoque. Son diagnostic est uniquement histologique. La qualite du bilan initial est essentielle pour definir une strategie therapeutique appropriee. L’association de la chimiotherapie et de la radiotherapie permettent maintenant de guerir pres de 80 % des malades atteints de MDH. Des efforts pour reduire la toxicite a long terme de ces traitements permettraient d’ameliorer le pronostic de cette maladie. L’incidence de la MDH est evaluee a 2,4 pour l’homme et 1,7 pour la femme en France [4]. La maladie de Hodgkin represente 0,24 % de la mortalite par cancer en France [5]. Le taux de survie globale a cinq ans aux Etats-Unis et en Europe a augmente de 70 % en 1975 a 77,4 % en 1985 [6]. Dans les pays developpes, il existe deux pics de frequence de la maladie, a la 3e et a la 5e decennie, avec une predominance masculine (2/1) chez les sujets jeunes et apres 40 ans, et un ratio de 1/1 entre 20 et 40 ans. Dans les pays en voie de developpement, l’incidence de la MDH est plus reduite, mais predomine chez l’enfant. La MDH est une maladie dont le diagnostic est habituellement simple et repose sur la mise en evidence de la CRS a l’examen histologique. La standardisation des methodes diagnostiques et d’evaluation de la maladie ainsi que les schemas therapeutiques proposes permettent une probabilite de guerison d’environ 80 % des patients.
Measuring the state of a single-molecule magnet with a microstrip resonator (2011)

In this work, measurement of the single-molecule magnet (SMM) spin state using a microstrip resonator is considered theoretically. An analysis of the SMM spin dynamics and the interaction between the microstrip and the SMM is presented. The interaction of the SMM with the microstrip causes a shift of the microstrip resonance frequency. An analytic expression for the maximum frequency shift is derived. For a spin-4 SMM Ni${}_{4}$, the maximum possible relative frequency shift is estimated to be $3.2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ for the excited state and $5.8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ for the ground state. The numerical analysis shows the hysteresis behavior of the resonator frequency. Two methods for measuring the spin state of the SMM with a microstrip resonator are proposed. One method is based on the sign of the frequency shift. The other one utilizes the hysteresis behavior of the resonator frequency.
093 Extensive persistent post-ictal MRI changes: unusual imaging findings in autoimmune encephalitis: Abstract 093 Figure 1 (2012)

<h3></h3> A 50-year-old lady with longstanding epilepsy and worsening seizure control for 6 months was admitted after a prolonged generalised seizure, with depressed consciousness, aphasia and right-sided weakness, which progressed over the next 72 h. MRI revealed T2-hyperintensity and restricted diffusion throughout the cortex of the left hemisphere and in the right cerebellum. MR imaging 3 months earlier had been normal. Subluxation of C1/C2 was evident on neck imaging. CSF was acellular with normal protein. Brain biopsy revealed non-specific reactive changes. Voltage-gated potassium channel antibodies were low-positive (198pM). Repeat imaging 2 weeks later showed progression of left hemisphere abnormalities to involve deep grey matter structures and 2 months after presentation there was marked cortical atrophy and extensive white matter malacic change in the left hemisphere. She received anti-epileptic drug therapy and had no further seizures. High-dose corticosteroids and plasmaphaeresis has led to clinical improvement. She is alert, obeys simple commands, but is aphasic. We hypothesise that the clinical and imaging features are due to post-ictal neuronal damage in the left hemisphere (secondary to cytotoxic oedema and failure of cerebral autoregulation) with crossed cerebellar diaschisis in the context of decreased metabolic reserve due to autoimmune encephalitis.
Smart Service-Awareness Based Multi-Agent QoS Control Model for Distribution Communication Network (2014)

There are plenty of services on distribution communication network. Service classification and characteristics are given in details. Based on the proposed smart service-awareness model multi-agent Qos control model is analyzed. All of these are helpful to meet user requirements on distribution communication network.
Antagonists for group I mGluRs attenuate excitotoxic neuronal death in cortical cultures (1998)

Activation of ion channel-linked glutamate receptors, especially N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, mediates the excitotoxic effects of glutamate upon central neurons. We examined the hypothesis that activation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) would increase NMDA receptor-mediated cortical neuronal death. Addition of the selective group I mGluR agonists, dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) or trans-azetidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid (t-ADA) potentiated NMDA-induced neuronal death, and application of the group I mGluR-selective antagonist, aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid (AIDA), as well as the non-selective antagonists methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine (MCPG) or 4-carboxyphenylglycine (4CPG) reduced NMDA- and kainate-induced neuronal death in murine cortical cultures. The pro-excitotoxic effect of group I mGluR activation may be mediated largely by enhancement of glutamate release, as DHPG potentiated high potassium-stimulated glutamate release, and the protective effects of both AIDA and MCPG were abolished when NMDA and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole proprionic acid (AMPA) receptors were blocked immediately after toxic NMDA receptor overstimulation. The present data support the possibility that antagonizing group I mGluRs may be a useful strategy for attenuating excitotoxic neuronal death in certain disease states.
High Doses of GM-CSF Inhibit Antibody Responses in Rectal Secretions and Diminish Modified Vaccinia Ankara/Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine Protection in TRIM5α-Restrictive Macaques (2016)

We tested, in rhesus macaques, the effects of a 500-fold range of an admixed recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) expressing rhesus GM-CSF (MVA/GM-CSF) on the immunogenicity and protection elicited by an MVA/SIV macaque 239 vaccine. High doses of MVA/GM-CSF did not affect the levels of systemic envelope (Env)-specific Ab, but it did decrease the expression of the gut-homing receptor α4β7 on plasmacytoid dendritic cells (p < 0.01) and the magnitudes of Env-specific IgA (p = 0.01) and IgG (p < 0.05) in rectal secretions. The protective effect of the vaccine was evaluated using 12 weekly rectal challenges in rhesus macaques subgrouped by tripartite motif-containing protein 5α (TRIM5α) genotypes that are restrictive or permissive for infection by the challenge virus SIVsmE660. Eight of nine TRIM5α-restrictive animals receiving no or the lowest dose (1 × 10<sup>5</sup> PFU) of MVA/GM-CSF resisted all 12 challenges. In the comparable TRIM5α-permissive group, only 1 of 12 animals resisted all 12 challenges. In the TRIM5α-restrictive animals, but not in the TRIM5α-permissive animals, the number of challenges to infection directly correlated with the magnitudes of Env-specific rectal IgG (r = +0.6) and IgA (r = +0.6), the avidity of Env-specific serum IgG (r = +0.5), and Ab dependent cell-mediated virus inhibition (r = +0.6). Titers of neutralizing Ab did not correlate with protection. We conclude that 1) protection elicited by MVA/SIVmac239 is strongly dependent on the presence of TRIM5α restriction, 2) nonneutralizing Ab responses contribute to protection against SIVsmE660 in TRIM5α-restrictive animals, and 3) high doses of codelivered MVA/GM-CSF inhibit mucosal Ab responses and the protection elicited by MVA expressing noninfectious SIV macaque 239 virus-like particles.
Method for Studying Gas Composition in the Human Mastoid Cavity by Use of Laser Spectroscopy (2012)

Laser spectroscopy monitoring appears to be a usable tool for noninvasive investigations of gas composition in the mastoid cavity, providing important clinical information regarding size and ventilation.
The Ultra High Resolution XUV Spectroheliograph (1990)

The Ultra High Resolution XUV Spectroheliograph (UHRXS), a solar observatory planned for the Space Station Freedom, is described. The UHRXR instruments include nine XUV Ritchey-Chretien telescopes covering a spectral range of 70-350 A, which will provide images of solar atmosphere structures ranging in temperature from 50,000 to 20,000,000 K. The images will be obtained with spatial resolution that is an order of magnitude better than any other currently planned solar satellite experiment.
Is neutrophil elastase associated with elastic tissue in emphysema? (1988)

To test the role of elastase in the pathogenesis of emphysema human neutrophil elastase (HNE) was localised by electron microscopy using an immunogold staining technique. Specific localisation of HNE to elastic tissue in emphysema did not occur, but non-specific binding of immunoglobulin G (IgG) to elastic tissue in emphysematous and normal lung tissue, which was completely blocked by the non-immune serum that was homologous to the gold labelled second antibody, was found. HNE was also present, however, in the granules of neutrophils in the same sections. Non-specific labelling associated with elastin was probably due to binding of IgG to the high numbers of hydrophobic and charged regions known to be present in this molecule, and it is concluded that our findings do not support the existence of high concentrations of elastase in association with elastin in emphysematous lung tissue.
An advanced Integrated Filter Converter (IFC) with two-switch forward configuration for off-line applications (2004)

Employing the transformer leakage inductance, one cross-coupled capacitor, one clamped diode and two switches, an advanced Integrated Filter Converter (IFC) with two-switch forward configuration is proposed. By adding two extra diodes, it provides a comprehensive solution to perform core-reset, input filter, voltage-clamped and voltage-sharing functions. Consequently, non-pulsating input current, low voltage stress and high efficiency performance can be achieved. In this paper, the circuit operation is illustrated by PSpice simulation waveforms, and an experimental circuit of a 100 kHz, 10V/20A is described.
Spontaneous deletion in the FMR1 gene in a patient with fragile X syndrome and cherubism (1995)

Journal Article Spontaneous deletion in the FMR1 gene in a patient with fragile X syndrome and cherubism Get access Franklin Quan, Franklin Quan 1DNA Diagnostic LaboratoryPortland OR 97201, USA2Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health Sciences UniversityPortland OR 97201, USA3Shriners Hospital for Crippled ChildrenPortland OR 97201, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Marcus Grompe, Marcus Grompe 2Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health Sciences UniversityPortland OR 97201, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Petra Jakobs, Petra Jakobs 2Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health Sciences UniversityPortland OR 97201, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bradley W. Popovich Bradley W. Popovich 1,2,3,* *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 4, Issue 9, September 1995, Pages 1681–1684, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/4.9.1681 Published: 01 September 1995 Article history Received: 08 May 1995 Accepted: 23 June 1995 Published: 01 September 1995
Force-Induced Calpain Cleavage of Talin Is Critical for Growth, Adhesion Development, and Rigidity Sensing (2017)

Cell growth depends upon formation of cell-matrix adhesions, but mechanisms detailing the transmission of signals from adhesions to control proliferation are still lacking. Here, we find that the scaffold protein talin undergoes force-induced cleavage in early adhesions to produce the talin rod fragment that is needed for cell cycle progression. Expression of noncleavable talin blocks cell growth, adhesion maturation, proper mechanosensing, and the related property of EGF activation of motility. Further, the expression of talin rod in the presence of noncleavable full-length talin rescues cell growth and other functions. The cleavage of talin is found in early adhesions where there is also rapid turnover of talin that depends upon calpain and TRPM4 activity as well as the generation of force on talin. Thus, we suggest that an important function of talin is its control over cell cycle progression through its cleavage in early adhesions.
Protective Effect of Limosilactobacillus fermentum ME-3 against the Increase in Paracellular Permeability Induced by Chemotherapy or Inflammatory Conditions in Caco-2 Cell Models (2023)

Chemotherapy- or inflammation-induced increase in intestinal permeability represents a severe element in disease evolution in patients suffering from colorectal cancer and gut inflammatory conditions. Emerging data strongly support the gut microbiota's role in preserving intestinal barrier integrity, whilst both chemotherapy and gut inflammation alter microbiota composition. Some probiotics might have a strong re-balancing effect on the gut microbiota, also positively affecting intestinal barrier integrity. In this study, we asked whether <i>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</i> ME-3 can prevent the intestinal paracellular permeability increase caused by the chemotherapeutic drug Irinotecan or by inflammatory stimuli, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). As an intestinal barrier model, we used a confluent and polarized Caco-2 cell monolayer and assessed the ME-3-induced effect on paracellular permeability by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and fluorescent-dextran flux assays. The integrity of tight and adherens junctions was examined by confocal microscopy analysis. Transwell co-cultures of Caco-2 cells and U937-derived macrophages were used as models of LPS-induced intestinal inflammation to test the effect of ME-3 on release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines Tumor Necrosis Factor α, Interleukin-6, and Interleukin-8, was measured by ELISA. The results demonstrate that ME-3 prevents the IRI-induced increment in paracellular permeability, possibly by modulating the expression and localization of cell junction components. In addition, ME-3 inhibited both the increase in paracellular permeability and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the co-culture model of LPS-induced inflammation. Our findings sustain the validity of <i>L. fermentum</i> ME-3 as a valuable therapeutic tool for preventing leaky gut syndrome, still currently without an available specific treatment.
Monodisperse Emulsions through Templating Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Capsules (2008)

A general and facile method to prepare monodisperse, water dispersible PEM-coated and naked emulsions (5CB, silicone, and paraffin oil) is demonstrated. The presented approach paves the way for the formation of monodisperse emulsions of various materials of controlled size and surface functionality.
The phase error reduction using window functions in digital holography (2015)

Digital holography (DH) is a 3D imaging technique with a theoretical axial accuracy of better than 1-2 nanome-ters. However, practically, the axial error has been quoted to be tens of nanometers which is much larger than the theoretical value. Previous studies of the axial error mainly focused on the phase error introduced by lens. However, it is found that CCD aperture size is also an important contributors to axial error by our group. It is necessary to investigate the reduction approach of such axial error. The most possible connection between the limited CCD aperture size and the axial error is the diffraction effect. Window functions once have been applied to digital holograms for diffraction suppression and improve the lateral resolution of the intensity image. How-ever, their impacts on phase image and the associated axial dimension measurement are still unknown. In this paper, window functions are applied to digital holograms for phase/axial error reduction. Both simulation and experiment are performed. Moreover, the relation between axial error and window functions is also illustrated by the mathematical formulas derived in the theory. And all the results validate that the window functions can reduce the axial error of digital holography.
System architectures for communication-aware multi-robot navigation (2016)

In this paper, we present a hybrid system architecture that enables a team of robots to self-organize into a multi-hop ad-hoc network allowing for the completion of a given task while providing the desired end-to-end data rates between designated robots. This architecture consists of a two stage feedback loop in which an outer loop provides infrequent global coordination and an inner loop, operating locally, controls the motion and network routing of each robot. The resulting system is able to operate dynamically in complex environments with minimal global coordination as demonstrated through multiple experiments. We conclude with a realistic application of our system, namely patrolling a set of hallways.
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer studies on anthrax lethal toxin (2003)

Anthrax lethal toxin is a binary bacterial toxin consisting of two proteins, protective antigen (PA) and lethal factor (LF), that self-assemble on receptor-bearing eukaryotic cells to form toxic, non-covalent complexes. PA(63), a proteolytically activated form of PA, spontaneously oligomerizes to form ring-shaped heptamers that bind LF and translocate it into the cell. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to substitute cysteine for each of three residues (N209, E614 and E733) at various levels on the lateral face of the PA(63) heptamer and for one residue (E126) on LF(N), the 30 kDa N-terminal PA binding domain of LF. Cysteine residues in PA were labeled with IAEDANS and that in LF(N) was labeled with Alexa 488 maleimide. The mutagenesis and labeling did not significantly affect function. Time-resolved fluorescence methods were used to study fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the AEDANS and Alexa 488 probes after the complex assembled in solution. The results clearly indicate energy transfer between AEDANS labeled at residue N209C on PA and the Alexa 488-labeled LF(N), whereas transfer from residue E614C on PA was slight, and none was observed from residue E733C. These results support a model in which LF(N) binds near the top of the ring-shaped (PA(63))(7) heptamer.
Sleeve based knee angle calculation for rehabilitation (2018)

The knee flexion-extension angle is an important criterion for the rehabilitation process after a rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), which is a typical sports injury. This paper describes the development and evaluation of a smart knee sleeve, which is capable of calculating the knee flexion-extension angle based on inertial sensors. The output is to be used to supervise and speed up rehabilitation by guiding patients through exercises and giving feedback about the execution. The accuracy of the knee angle calculation was evaluated in a study with twelve healthy subjects performing six different exercises with an optical system as reference. The effects of different functional alignment movements, knee sleeve material and recalibration on the final knee angle were evaluated. The mean absolute error (MAE) of all maxima and minima was calculated and averaged over all subjects and exercises. An MAE of 5.2° compared to the gold standard was achieved while the Pearson correlation was 0.96 for 30 minutes training without recalibration or restart of the system.
Advances in automated 3-D image analysis of cell populations imaged by confocal microscopy (1996)

Automated three-dimensional (3-D) image analysis methods are presented for rapid and effective analysis of populations of fluorescently labeled cells or nuclei in thick tissue sections that have been imaged three dimensionally using a confocal microscope. The methods presented here greatly improve upon our earlier work (Roysam et al.:J Microsc 173: 115-126, 1994). The principal advances reported are: algorithms for efficient data pre-processing and adaptive segmentation, effective handling of image anisotrophy, and fast 3-D morphological algorithms for separating overlapping or connected clusters utilizing image gradient information whenever available. A particular feature of this method is its ability to separate densely packed and connected clusters of cell nuclei. Some of the challenges overcome in this work include the efficient and effective handling of imaging noise, anisotrophy, and large variations in image parameters such as intensity, object size, and shape. The method is able to handle significant inter-cell, intra-cell, inter-image, and intra-image variations. Studies indicate that this method is rapid, robust, and adaptable. Examples were presented to illustrate the applicability of this approach to analyzing images of nuclei from densely packed regions in thick sections of rat liver, and brain that were labeled with a fluorescent Schiff reagent.