gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Copper-catalyzed amination of (bromophenyl)ethanolamine for a concise synthesis of aniline-containing analogues of NMDA NR2B antagonist ifenprodil (2010)

An operationally simple and concise synthesis of anilinoethanolamines, as NMDA NR2B receptor antagonist ifenprodil analogues, was developed via a copper-catalyzed amination of the corresponding bromoarene. Coupling was achieved with linear primary alkylamines, alpha,omega-diamines, hexanolamine and benzophenone imine, as well as with aqueous ammonia, in good yields using CuI and N,N-diethylsalicylamide, 2,4-pentadione or 2-acetylcyclohexanone as catalytic systems. Amination with ethylene diamine was efficient even in the absence of an additive ligand, whereas no reaction occurred with ethanolamine whatever the conditions used. The anilinoethanolamines were evaluated as NR2B receptor antagonists in a functional inhibition assay. Aminoethylanilines displayed inhibition effects close to that of ifenprodil.
Structure and Transport Properties of Cellulose Acetate/Montmorillonite Composites (2022)

Composites containing up to 5 wt % montmorillonite (MMT) nanoparticles are created based on natural materials, cellulose acetate and MMT, and film membranes are prepared. The characteristic features of the membrane morphology are studied by scanning electron microscopy. The transport properties of the membranes are studied for the process of separation of a methanol–methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) mixture. The degree of equilibrium sorption and diffusion coefficients of methanol and MTBE in the membranes are determined. The pervaporation of a methanol–MTBE mixture is studied in a wide range of feed compositions including the azeotropic point. The best separation factor combined with a high flux is found for a membrane containing 3% MMT. The study of the deformation behavior of the membranes under uniaxial tension shows that they have good mechanical properties, and the elastic modulus increases with the increase in the MMT content while the strength slightly decreases.
Effect of the VP3 gene of chicken anemia virus on canine mammary tumor cells (2007)

Abstract Objective —To investigate the antitumor effect of the chicken anemia virus (CAV) VP3 gene in canine mammary tumor (CMT) cells. Sample Populations —Established primary canine cell lines that originated from epithelial cells of resected CMTs and nonneoplastic mammary gland epithelial (MGE) cells. Procedures —Expression vectors and lentiviral vectors encoding the VP3 gene from a Taiwan-Ilan isolate of CAV were used to deliver the VP3 gene into CMT cells and nonneoplastic MGE cells. Ectopic gene expression and the pro-apoptotic effect of the VP3 gene on CMT and nonneoplastic MGE cells by either transfection or viral infection were evaluated via immunofluorescence microscopy, western blot analysis, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling analysis. Results —Overexpression of the enhanced green fluorescent protein–VP3 fusion protein was detected predominantly in the nuclei of CMT cells. In contrast, the VP3 protein was localized to the cytoplasm of nonneoplastic MGE cells. Among the fusion protein–expressing CMT cells, most underwent characteristic changes of apoptosis, whereas apoptosis was not detected in fusion protein–expressing, nonneoplastic MGE cells. Induction of apoptosis by VP3 gene overexpression in CMT cells was associated with the caspase-9–, but not the caspase-8–, mediated apoptosis pathway. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance —These data indicate that the VP3 gene of the CAV induces apoptosis in malignant CMT cells, but not in nonneoplastic canine MGE cells. On the basis of such tumor cell–specific killing, the VP3 gene may be a promising agent for the treatment of malignant mammary gland tumors in dogs.
Impact of Parameters Variability on the Level of Human Exposure Due to Inductive Power Transfer (2021)

This article shows the effectiveness of combining non-intrusive stochastic techniques with 3-D modeling tools to build adequate surrogate models for the evaluation of human exposure close to a vehicle equipped with a wireless charging pad. A surrogate model is appropriate to deal with uncertainties and variabilities of parameters defining the electromagnetic problem. Numerical results obtained in the case of a light passenger vehicle illustrate the proposed methodology.
Physical Activity and Survival After Prostate Cancer Diagnosis in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (2011)

In men with PCa, physical activity was associated with lower overall mortality and PCa mortality. A modest amount of vigorous activity such as biking, tennis, jogging, or swimming for ≥ 3 hours a week may substantially improve PCa-specific survival.
Transgenic Models of Skin Diseases (1993)

These models of keratin disorders and other diseases not only enable the determination of the cause of these disorders, but also allow evaluation of novel therapeutic techniques for the amelioration of these skin diseases.
Inelastic Neutron Scattering Studies of IrIH2(H2)(PPri3)2 and Neutron Diffraction Structure Determination of IrIH2(H2)(PPri3)2.cntdot.C10H8: Implications on the Mechanism of the Interconversion of Dihydrogen and Hydride Ligands (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInelastic Neutron Scattering Studies of IrIH2(H2)(PPri3)2 and Neutron Diffraction Structure Determination of IrIH2(H2)(PPri3)2.cntdot.C10H8: Implications on the Mechanism of the Interconversion of Dihydrogen and Hydride LigandsJuergen Eckert, Craig M. Jensen, Thomas F. Koetzle, Trang Le Husebo, Jacqueline Nicol, and Ping WuCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 27, 7271–7272Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00132a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00132a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views147Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
System modelling of a real-time passive millimeter-wave imager to be used for base security and helicopter navigation in degraded visual environments (2014)

This paper discusses the design of an improved passive millimeter wave imaging system intended to be used for military forward operating base security in degraded visual environments. A simple end-to-end model of such an imager is described, including a simple scene model based on transformations applied to visible and infrared imagery, optical aberrations, focal plane sampling, scan conversion, receiver performance and image processing algorithms. The use of such a model as a design tool is discussed, especially with regard to optimizing scan conversion and image processing algorithms. The expected performance of the latest imager design is predicted.
Influence of Recurrent Rolling/Crimping of a Cereal Rye/Crimson Clover Cover Crop on No-Till Bush Bean Yield (2022)

A no-till experiment was conducted in Auburn, AL U.S.A. to evaluate the effectiveness of an experimental two-stage roller/crimper in reoccurring rolling over the same area planted with a cereal rye/crimson clover cover crop mix and its influence on bush bean yield. Cover crop termination was much greater with rolling/crimping when compared to the non-rolled (untreated) control. During the three growing seasons, rolling three times had significantly higher termination rates compared to all other treatments, exceeding 90% in 2020. These results suggest that there may be an advantage to rolling/crimping three times so that planting of the cash crop could potentially be performed one week earlier, under favorable soil moisture conditions. However, for growing seasons 2018 and 2020 at three weeks after rolling, there were no differences between rolling treatments. In 2019, rolling three times over the same cover crop area was the only treatment that achieved above 90% termination rate indicating a clear advantage of recurring rolling/crimping in 2019. Rolling/crimping proved to be effective as yield was significantly higher compared to not rolled when averaged over all three growing seasons. This is possible due to the difficulty in planting into a standing cover crop which could have negative effects on seed to soil contact, but more importantly explained with the slight soil moisture advantage given to the rolled plots over the standing cover crop plots. Thus, optimum soil moisture when planting beans is key for successful germination and good main crop stand.
Biomimetic motion detection based on overlapping Gaussian profiles. (2007)

We explain an approach to motion detection based on the biological vision system of the common house fly, Musca domestica. Basing a machine vision system on the house fly has distinct advantages when compared to the limiting properties of current computer vision systems. The advantages of this approach will also be explained by comparing motion detection using overlapping Gaussian profiles to the traditional elementary motion detector proposed by Reichardt.
표본건물 계측에 의한 공동주택 세대에서의 용도별 에너지사용량 및 CO2 배출량 연간 원단위 (2016-2017) 분석 (2018)

In this study, annual site and primary energy use intensities (EUIs) and CO2 emission intensities (CEIs) per area by end use were estimated based on the measurement data from June 2016 to May 2017 of 50 sample apartment units in Seoul. In addition, estimated site EUIs by end use were compared to the U.S. Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) 2009 data. Site EUIs by end use were found to be in the order of heating > electric appliance > domestic hot water > cooking > lighting > cooling > air movement. In the case of primary EUIs and CEIs by end use, electric appliance was found to be the largest. As results of comparison with the RECS 2009 data, it was found that site EUIs were very similar for heating, domestic hot water and electric appliance, etc., but slightly different for cooling. The number of sample apartment units will continue to increase until 2020 (total number of samples 200) and intensities data by end use will be continuously updated through continuous collection of measurement data.
Increase of Palmitic Acid Concentration Impairs Endothelial Progenitor Cell and Bone Marrow–Derived Progenitor Cell Bioavailability (2012)

Metabolic profiling of plasma nonesterified fatty acids discovered that palmitic acid (PA), a natural peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) ligand, is a reliable type 2 diabetes biomarker. We investigated whether and how PA diabetic (d-PA) concentrations affected endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) and bone marrow-derived hematopoietic cell (BM-HC) biology. PA physiologic (n-PA) and d-PA concentrations were used. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen content and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5), PPARγ, cyclin D1, and p21(Waf) expression were evaluated. Small interfering RNA technology, gene reporter luciferase assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, and coimmunoprecipitation were exploited. In vivo studies and migration assays were also performed. d-PA, unlike n-PA or physiological and diabetic oleic and stearic acid concentrations, impaired EPC migration and EPC/BM-HC proliferation through a PPARγ-mediated STAT5 transcription inhibition. This event did not prevent the formation of a STAT5/PPARγ transcriptional complex but was crucial for gene targeting, as p21(Waf) gene promoter, unlike cyclin D1, was the STAT5/PPARγ transcriptional target. Similar molecular events could be detected in EPCs isolated from type 2 diabetic patients. By expressing a constitutively activated STAT5 form, we demonstrated that STAT5 content is crucial for gene targeting and EPC fate. Finally, we also provide in vivo data that d-PA-mediated EPC dysfunction could be rescued by PPARγ blockade. These data provide first insights on how mechanistically d-PA drives EPC/BM-HC dysfunction in diabetes.
Measurement Methods and Procedures for Assessing Accuracy of Instrument Transformers for Power Quality Measurements (2020)

Instrument transformers (ITs) are vital components of power quality (PQ) measurement systems in electrical transmission and distribution grids. Whereas measurement methods and accuracy are well defined for PQ measurement instruments, accurate knowledge about IT performance in presence of grid disturbances is missing. Main research themes of a project recently funded within the EMPIR program are described in the paper. The project focuses on the set-up of a metrological framework to enable the traceable measurement of PQ parameters when ITs are included in the measurement chains. Attention is focused on the development of reference measurement systems and the definition of IT test procedures, as well as on the quantification of the performance of ITs under realistic disturbance conditions. Moreover, an extensive characterization of voltage and current ITs will provide the basis for the identification of different sets of limits for the IT accuracy performance in PQ application and the definition of PQ accuracy classes.
Design, Simulation, and Fabrication of a Quadstable Monolithic Mechanism With X- and Y-Directional Bistable Curved Beams (2006)

This paper demonstrates a novel quadstable monolithic mechanism (QsMM), which provides four stable equilibrium positions within its planar operation range. The QsMM has been realized from the use of both X- and Y-directional bistable structures, which utilize curved snapping beams. Two pairs of curved beams were attached to an inner frame in both X and Y directions to present an independent bistable behavior in the directions. It was found out that the design of the inner frame is crucial for the quadstability and dynamic responses of the mechanism. A millimeter-scale brass mechanism was actually fabricated by ultraprecision milling to test the quadstability and the force-displacement behavior. The prototype clearly demonstrates four distinct stable positions in its millimeter-scale operation range. The design concept, finite element simulation, fabrication, and experimental measurement of the proposed multistable mechanism have been presented. The mechanical multistability of the proposed QsMM can be utilized for multiple switching and optical networking applications, yielding low power consumption operations.
Thermal Stability of III-V Materials Printed to Low Cost Handles (2018)

Virtual substrates formed by integrating high quality, micro-scale III-V epitaxial template layers with cheap handle materials using transfer printing offer a pathway to very low cost III-V growth substrates for microscale device epitaxy. However, understanding the impact of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch on the robustness of the bond between the handle and the epitaxially grown materials is very important for potential commercialization of virtual substrate technologies. Materials such as silicon, quartz, sapphire, and alumina ceramic offer varying CTE mismatch values and are cost effective as targets for virtual substrate handles. In this paper we describe two separate experiments that examine the reliability of the bond interface between GaAs and non-native substrates using a statistical analysis of near-IR microscope images to compare void formation before and after thermal cycling. First, multijunction GaAs-based solar cells were printed to a silicon substrate and cycled between 50-250° C. The considerable CTE mismatch existing between silicon and III-V cell materials caused problematic delamination of printed materials with existing voids. Second, unprocessed GaAs chiplets were printed to sapphire and cycled between 65-270°C. No visible delamination occurred after 20 cycles, indicating no degradation in bond quality. Successful cycling at higher temperatures, such as those observed during growth, would further indicate that transfer printed virtual substrates on low-cost handles are a suitable candidate for regrowth experiments.
High Hole Mobilities in Single-Crystalline Ge Thin-Films on Insulating Substrate Formed by SiGe Mixing-Triggered Directional Melting-Growth (2009)

2009 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,High Hole Mobilities in Single-Crystalline Ge Thin-Films on Insulating Substrate Formed by SiGe Mixing-Triggered Directional Melting-Growth
A mechanical true random number generator (2021)

Abstract Random number generation has become an indispensable part of information processing: it is essential for many numerical algorithms, security applications, and in securing fairness in everyday life. Random number generators (RNGs) find application in many devices, ranging from dice and roulette wheels, via computer algorithms, lasers to quantum systems, which inevitably capitalize on their physical dynamics at respective spatio-temporal scales. Herein, to the best of our knowledge, we propose the first mathematically proven true RNG (TRNG) based on a mechanical system, particularly the triple linkage of Thurston and Weeks. By using certain parameters, its free motion has been proven to be an Anosov flow, from which we can show that it has an exponential mixing property and structural stability. We contend that this mechanical Anosov flow can be used as a TRNG, which requires that the random number should be unpredictable, irreproducible, robust against the inevitable noise seen in physical implementations, and the resulting distribution’s controllability (an important consideration in practice). We investigate the proposed system’s properties both theoretically and numerically based on the above four perspectives. Further, we confirm that the random bits numerically generated pass the standard statistical tests for random bits.
Double site saturation mutagenesis of the human cytochrome P450 2D6 results in regioselective steroid hydroxylation (2013)

The human cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) is one of the major human drug metabolizing enzymes and acts preferably on substrates containing a basic nitrogen atom. Testosterone - just as other steroids - is an atypical substrate and only poorly metabolized by CYP2D6. The present study intended to investigate the influence of the two active site residues 216 and 483 on the capability of CYP2D6 to hydroxylate steroids such as for example testosterone. All 400 possible combinatorial mutations at these two positions have been generated and expressed individually in Pichia pastoris. Employing whole-cell biotransformations coupled with HPLC-MS analysis the testosterone hydroxylase activity and regioselectivity of every single CYP2D6 variant was determined. Covering the whole sequence space, CYP2D6 variants with improved activity and so far unknown regio-preference in testosterone hydroxylation were identified. Most intriguingly and in contrast to previous literature reports about mutein F483I, the mutation F483G led to preferred hydroxylation at the 2β-position, while the slow formation of 6β-hydroxytestosterone, the main product of wild-type CYP2D6, was further reduced. Two point mutations have already been sufficient to convert CYP2D6 into a steroid hydroxylase with the highest ever reported testosterone hydroxylation rate for this enzyme, which is of the same order of magnitude as for the conversion of the standard substrate bufuralol by wild-type CYP2D6. Furthermore, this study is also an example for efficient human CYP engineering in P. pastoris for biocatalytic applications and to study so far unknown pharmacokinetic effects of individual and combined mutations in these key enzymes of the human drug metabolism.
MRI extrahippocampal volumes and visual memory: Correlations independent of MRI hippocampal volumes in temporal lobe epilepsy patients (1999)

Limbic system atrophy and memory dysfunction are common in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). However, the relationship between extrahippocampal limbic structures and memory functioning within TLE has received little attention. The present study examined associations of MRI volumetric measurements of the mammillary body, fornix, amygdala, and hippocampus to measures of episodic verbal and visual memory. The Logical Memory and Visual Reproduction subtests from the Wechsler Memory Scale were administered to 47 unilateral TLE patients (25 right, 22 left). Normalized right and left MRI volumes were determined for each patient by cursor tracing 1.5 mm slices from 3D-MRI. Significant associations were found between left hippocampal volume and the immediate, delayed, and percent retention scores of the Logical Memory Test; between the left mammillary body volume and the Logical Memory Test delayed and percent retention scores; immediate Visual Reproduction performance was significantly related to the right and left amygdala volumes, and right mammillary body volume; only the right amygdala and right mammillary body volume were associated with the delayed Visual Reproduction trial. However, neither right nor left hippocampal volumes were related to visual memory performance. Multiple limbic system structural volumes were independently associated with verbal and nonverbal memory performance. Results suggest that visual memory, as measured by the Visual Reproduction Test, may be uniquely associated with extrahippocampal volumes in patients with TLE.
Three dimensional circuit oriented electromagnetic modeling for VLSI interconnects (2003)

A general approach for modeling 3-D layout geometries is presented. In particular, the partial-element equivalent circuit (PEEC) technique has been used successfully to model interconnect structures for chips and packages. The technique, which is circuit based, permits the electrical modeling of arbitrary 3-D geometries and allows 3-D transmission line properties to be analyzed. Recently, the technique has been extended to include retardation and dielectric layers. The authors have experimented with the use of the asymptotic waveform evaluation (AWE) approach to speed up the solution of the resulting circuit equations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Learning Robust Representations via Multi-View Information Bottleneck (2020)

The information bottleneck principle provides an information-theoretic method for representation learning, by training an encoder to retain all information which is relevant for predicting the label while minimizing the amount of other, excess information in the representation. The original formulation, however, requires labeled data to identify the superfluous information. In this work, we extend this ability to the multi-view unsupervised setting, where two views of the same underlying entity are provided but the label is unknown. This enables us to identify superfluous information as that not shared by both views. A theoretical analysis leads to the definition of a new multi-view model that produces state-of-the-art results on the Sketchy dataset and label-limited versions of the MIR-Flickr dataset. We also extend our theory to the single-view setting by taking advantage of standard data augmentation techniques, empirically showing better generalization capabilities when compared to common unsupervised approaches for representation learning.