gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimal signal processing of nonlinearity in swept-source and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (2012)

We demonstrate the efficiency of the convolution using an optimized Kaiser-Bessel window to resample nonlinear data in wavenumber for Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). We extend our previous experimental demonstration that was performed with a specific swept-source nonlinearity. The method is now applied to swept-source OCT data obtained for various simulated swept-source nonlinearities as well as spectral-domain OCT data obtained from both simulations and experiments. Results show that the new optimized method is the most efficient for handling all the different types of nonlinearities in the wavenumber domain that one can encounter in normal practice. The efficiency of the method is evaluated through comparison with common methods using resampling through interpolation prior to performing a fast-Fourier transform and with the accurate but time-consuming discrete Fourier transform for unequally spaced data, which involves Vandermonde matrices.
Dispersion-guided and bandgap-guided resonances in semiconductor waveguide-coupled hexagonal photonic-crystal-embedded microcavities (2005)

We report dispersion-guided resonances and bandgap-guided resonances in semiconductor waveguide-coupled hexagonal photonic-crystal-embedded microcavities. Our two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations reveal highly efficient coupled high-Q resonances in both types of resonances.
Development of a pcr system for the characterisation of Salmonella flagellin genes (2005)

Analysis of flagellin genes was carried out on strains of Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Hadar, Salmonella Abortusequi, Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Gallinarum serovars, using a PCR system designed in this study. The purpose of these studies was to explore the flagellin genes of biphasic and monophasic Salmonellae for future targeted genetic interventions. The PCR primers were designed for two different structural genes of flagellin (fliC, fljB), for the repressor of fliC (fljA), for the operator region of fliC, and for the invertase system responsible for phase variation in Salmonella (hin, hixL, hixR). PCR analysis revealed that all of the examined genes (fliC, fliC-operator, fljB, fljA, hin, hixL, hixR) were present in all S. Typhimurium (n = 10) and S. Hadar (n = 10) strains tested. The results obtained on S. Typhimurium and S. Hadar strains confirmed their biphasic character at DNA level. However, the S. Enteritidis (n = 46) and S. Gallinarum (n = 5) strains lacked the invertase system (hin, hixL, hixR) as well as the fljA and fljB genes, while fliC and its operator were detectable. Consequently, the S. Enteritidis strains could only express fliC gene resulting in phase H1 flagellin. The examined S. Gallinarum strains were also demonstrated to have a cryptic flagellin gene (fliC). On the other hand, PCR results on S. Abortusequi (n = 2) indicated that both flagellin genes (fliC, fljB) and the whole phase variation system were present in both strains tested but only the H2 phase gene (fljB) was expressed. The phenotype of these strains could be clarified by motility test and/or by classical flagellar serology. The findings are also substantiated by the results of serovar-specific PCR for S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. In conclusion, the PCR system developed in this study proved to be suitable for characterisation of Salmonella flagellin genes and confirmed serological results regarding all S. Typhimurium, S. Hadar and S. Enteritidis strains. This system could also identify cryptic flagellar genes of S. Abortusequi and S. Gallinarum.
Reduction of greenhouse gas and criteria pollutant emissions by direct conversion of associated flare gas to synthetic fuels at oil wellheads (2018)

This study describes the results of a “well-to-wheel” life cycle assessment (LCA) carried out to determine the potential greenhouse gas and criteria pollutant emission reductions that could be achieved by converting associated flare gas directly to synthetic fuels at oil wellheads in the US and globally. A Greyrock Flare Gas-to-Fuels™ conversion process at an Ohio oil well was used as the base case for this LCA. The liquid fuel produced directly from associated gas is comprised primarily of premium synthetic diesel with a small amount of synthetic gasoline. In this LCA scenario, the synthetic diesel and synthetic gasoline are blended at 20 and 10 vol% with petroleum diesel and gasoline, respectively. While the synthetic diesel fuel can be used as is (100%), the 20 vol% synthetic diesel blend (with petroleum diesel) was found to significantly improve engine performance, increase fuel economy, and reduce emissions. The direct conversion of associated gas to synthetic diesel fuels globally could reduce emissions of CO2 and CH4 by up to 356 and 5.96 million metric tons/year, respectively, resulting in the reduction of greenhouse gases (GHGs) by about 113.3 and 92.2% (20 year global warming potential) and 73.8 and 50.7% (100 year global warming potential) for synthetic diesel and gasoline fuels when compared to petroleum-derived gasoline fuels, respectively. Likewise, diesel criteria emissions could be reduced globally by up to 23.3, 0.374, 42.4, and 61.3 million metric tons/year globally for CO, particulates, NOx, and hydrocarbons, respectively. The potential economic benefit of this approach is that up to 5.30 and 71.1 billion liters of synthetic fuels could be produced each year in the US and globally from associated gas, respectively.
Dance to the rhythm, cautiously: Isolating unique indicators of oscillatory entrainment (2017)

The idea of entrainment of neural oscillations to temporal structure has become a central theory for attentional selection in time In our study Obleser, Henry, and Lakatos's (OHL's) comment We share OHL's main message: rhythms may be complex and not necessarily isochronous. In fact, finding a stream devoid of any regularity is challenging. This is probably why entrainment mechanisms are functionally important! Yet we should not see entrainment mechanisms as omnipresent, nor should we render them irrefutable. Below, we reflect on some of OHL's concerns regarding our study.
Development of Amine-impregnated Solid Sorbents for CO2 capture (2014)

Based on insight into the amine-CO 2 chemistry from quantum chemical calculations, we designed and developed energy efficient amine solid sorbents for CO 2 capture. Novel amine absorbent were synthesized and used for the wet impregnation into mesoporous materials. The blending effect on the CO 2 capture was also investigated for various amine absorbents. The developed amine solid sorbents showed high performance in terms of adsorption capacity, desorption efficiency, and regeneration energy.
Function Level Parallelism Lead by Data Dependencies (2006)

Abstract—Due to the rise of Chip multiprocessors (CMP’s) the amount of parallel computing power has increased significantly. This is in contrast with the fact that a lot of programs are sequential and cannot exploit these parallel resources, urging the need of developing new techniques to extract parallelism from sequential programs. For this we present a new profile based technique. It works in a non-speculative way, based on data dependencies between functions and finds large chunks of code to parallelize. To achieve this, we introduce the so called interprocedural data flow graph and the data sharing graph. To test our technique we used the bzip2 program from the SPECcpu2000 benchmark suite. Our mechanism could significantly speed up the compression part (3.74 times), with a global speedup of 2.45 on a quad processor system. Keywords—Interprocedural data flow graph, Data sharing graph, Parallelizing I.
Propagation speed of runaway electron avalanches (2006)

Simulations of relativistic runaway breakdown (RRB) are performed as functions of both time and space, resulting in explicit calculations of e ‐folding lengths (λ) and times (τ). The ratio of λ to τ agrees well with the speed of the avalanche, which ranges from 2.61 × 10 8 m s ‐1 to 2.72 × 10 8 m s ‐1 . Thus, using the speed of light, c , for the ratio of λ to τ can cause a 10% error when estimating λ from τ. A 10% error in λ will cause a factor of three error in the predicted number of runaway electrons for every ten estimated e ‐foldings. In addition, previous models that predict peak radiated electric fields from RRB have used avalanche speeds of 0.987 c and higher. Using a propagation speed of 0.89 c causes a dramatic change in the predicted beaming pattern of electromagnetic radiation caused by RRB in these models.
Direct in vivo evaluation of tumor VEGFR in response to treatment with pazopanib: A novel molecular imaging study. (2010)

3049 Background: Several small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) targeting VEGFR are already approved for use in anti- angiogenic therapy either alone or in combination with chemotherapeutics. Unfortunately, the clinical response to such therapy varies markedly among individuals. We hypothesize that noninvasive assessment of changes in VEGFR prevalence in response to TKI treatment would identify responsive patients. We report here that SPECT(single photon emission computed tomography) imaging of VEGFR-2 in HT29 tumor xenografts allows for detailed assessment of its prevalence in the course of treatment with pazopanib, a TKI targeting VEGFR, PDGFR and c-Kit, recently approved for the treatment of advanced renal carcinoma. Methods: VEGFR-2 SPECT imaging was done using scVEGF/Tc, an engineered single chain (sc) form of VEGF radiolabeled with 99mTc. This tracer binds to and is internalized by VEGFR-2 in tumor vasculature, allowing for selective accumulation of 99mTc in tumor endothelial cells. All SPECT imaging experiments were carried out on HT29 tumor xenografts on Swiss nude mice. A dose of 2-4 mCi of [99mTc]scVEGF was injected into the retro-orbital venous sinus in a volume of 100 to 220 μ L followed by imaging two hours later. Quantitative histogram analysis of the SPECT images was performed. At the end of imaging experiments the mice were sacrificed and the tumors were harvested for immunohistochemical analysis (IHC) of VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-1, as well as panendothelial marker CD31. Results: The imaging results, which are consistent with IHC analysis, show that VEGFR-2 levels in tumors were significantly reduced upon treatment with pazopanib as early as day 5 after the initiation of therapy, when morphological changes were barely detectable. A detailed kinetic study to understand the dose dependence of the effects of pazopanib on tumor VEGFR is in progress and those results will also be presented. Conclusions: This is the first direct evaluation of tumor VEGFR in response to a VEGFR targeted therapy. In principle, this technology can be extended to human use providing for new opportunities in treatment management of VEGFR-targeted therapies including patient selection, dose, and optimal drug regimen. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration GlaxoSmithKline, Sib Tech Inc GlaxoSmithKline, Sib Tech Inc GlaxoSmithKline
Research on the 20-W double-cladding fiber laser pumped by 915-nm and 975-nm diode lasers (2004)

The output characteristics of double cladding fiber laser are investigated pumped by 915nm and 975nm diode lasers. The average effective absorption coefficients for two kinds pump wavelengths are given. A 20W Ytterbium - doped fiber laser in 1110nm region with near diffraction limited beam spread angle are reported.
Familial chronic megacolon presenting in childhood or adulthood: Seeking the presumed gene association (2019)

Familial chronic megacolon appears to be associated with SEMA3F, which is associated with genes impacting enteric nerve or pacemaker function.
A Complication During Femoral Broaching in Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Case Report (2013)

Press-fit component fixation is one of the primary goals in uncemented total hip arthroplasty. When aiming at proximal load transfer, the stem size has to be selected with regard to the shape of the proximal femoral canal. This can be challenging in patients with 'champagne flute' femurs with a relatively narrow diaphysis, especially when a long stem femoral component is used. The present case report describes a complication during femoral broaching for a primary uncemented femoral component. Because of the narrow diaphysis, the distal portion of the broach got caught in the narrow canal and it became impossible to remove the broach with conventional techniques. Via a second distal incision, the femur was split from the distal tip of the broach to approximately 5 cm distal of the femoral neck cut along the posterior aspects of the femur. This loosened the broach enough to allow for an uncomplicated removal. The longitudinal split was secured with cables before a similar size primary implant was press fitted into the femoral canal.
Systems Pharmacology and Rational Polypharmacy: Nitric Oxide−Cyclic GMP Signaling Pathway as an Illustrative Example and Derivation of the General Case (2016)

Impaired nitric oxide (NO˙)-cyclic guanosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cGMP) signaling has been observed in many cardiovascular disorders, including heart failure and pulmonary arterial hypertension. There are several enzymatic determinants of cGMP levels in this pathway, including soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) itself, the NO˙-activated form of sGC, and phosphodiesterase(s) (PDE). Therapies for some of these disorders with PDE inhibitors have been successful at increasing cGMP levels in both cardiac and vascular tissues. However, at the systems level, it is not clear whether perturbation of PDE alone, under oxidative stress, is the best approach for increasing cGMP levels as compared with perturbation of other potential pathway targets, either alone or in combination. Here, we develop a model-based approach to perturbing this pathway, focusing on single reactions, pairs of reactions, or trios of reactions as targets, then monitoring the theoretical effects of these interventions on cGMP levels. Single perturbations of all reaction steps within this pathway demonstrated that three reaction steps, including the oxidation of sGC, NO˙ dissociation from sGC, and cGMP degradation by PDE, exerted a dominant influence on cGMP accumulation relative to other reaction steps. Furthermore, among all possible single, paired, and triple perturbations of this pathway, the combined perturbations of these three reaction steps had the greatest impact on cGMP accumulation. These computational findings were confirmed in cell-based experiments. We conclude that a combined perturbation of the oxidatively-impaired NO˙-cGMP signaling pathway is a better approach to the restoration of cGMP levels as compared with corresponding individual perturbations. This approach may also yield improved therapeutic responses in other complex pharmacologically amenable pathways.
Non-human Primate Macaca mulatta as an Animal Model for Testing Efficacy of Amixicile as a Targeted Anti-periodontitis Therapy (2021)

Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition triggered by selected oral microbiota; thus treatment strategies should be aimed at reducing the abundance of the pathogenic bacteria. An obstacle to preclinical testing of such strategies is the availability of reliable animal models. Here, a non-human primate (NHP), <i>Macaca mulatta</i>, was used to examine the effectiveness of a novel antimicrobial, amixicile, which inhibits pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) present in anaerobic bacteria. Animals were assessed for their periodontal health, including radiography, clinical attachment loss (CAL), presence of plaque (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP) and pocket depth (PD), and sampled for saliva, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and subgingival plaque to determine their baseline clinical status. Amixicile was then administered for 2 weeks (40 mg/kg/day) and the animals were monitored for periodontal health immediately after the antibiotic treatment, then at 1 month-, 3 months-, and 6-months posttreatment. Microbial species present in plaque and saliva were determined through 16S rDNA sequencing. Baseline assessment of the microbiome has shown a significant proportion of bacteria belonging to the <i>Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Porphyromonas, Gemella</i>, and <i>Fusobacterium</i> genera. The abundance of <i>Porphyromonas</i> and <i>Fusobacterium</i> was reduced following treatment with amixicile, whereas that of <i>Escherichia, Haemophilus</i>, and <i>Gemella</i> were elevated. CAL, PD, and BOP were also significantly reduced following the treatment. In conclusion, the NHP model proves useful for preclinical studies of strategies targeting selected members of the oral microbiome. We show that amixicile reduces the levels of anaerobic bacteria under <i>in vivo</i> conditions, correlating with a reduction in CAL, PD, and BOP, thus validating its usefulness as an antimicrobial strategy.
511 Total artificial heart with magnetically levitated motor : Radial displacement stabilizing mechanism using energy transmission technology (2015)

A magnetically levitated total artificial heart has been developed with a single magnetically levitated motor. The device has double pumps which replace left and right ventricles. A stator which has both of a magnetic bearing core and a motor stator core is set at center of the device. A levitated part is formed with left and right pump impellers which are connected with a shaft through the center hall of the stator core. These impeller's axial position and tilting around x-axis and y-axis are controlled by the magnetic bearing, and its radial position is passively supported with attractive force exerted on the impellers. In this study, radial displacement stabilizing mechanism using energy transmission technology is invented and evaluated. The stabilizing force is estimated at 0.62 mN basic function of the developed mechanism is confirmed.
Design, development and implementation of neurologically controlled prosthetic limb capable of performing rotational movement (2010)

Prosthetic limbs are commonly used by people with limb loss (acquired amputation) and limb absence (congenital deficiency) to restore or imbue some of the function and/or cosmesis of an anatomical limb. Prosthesis is part of the field of biomechatronics, the science of using mechanical devices with human muscle, skeleton, and nervous systems to assist or enhance motor control lost by trauma, disease, or defect. Ionomeric Polymer-Metal Composites (IPMC) are attractive type of electroactive polymer actuation materials because of their characteristics of large electrically induced bending, mechanical flexibility, low excitation voltage, low density, and ease of fabrication. The diffusion of ions between the electrodes causes the material to bend. IPMC material acts as the artificial muscle in prosthetic limb. Nerve signals obtained from the natural damaged muscle will be read and amplified so that the IPMC connected to the lost limb will work as per the characteristics of this signal. Electrodes will be attached between the patient limb and the microprocessor, which will analyze nerve signals to be processed and provide the appropriate output to the IPMC. Once nerve signals characteristics are read and reaction from the IPMC is achieved an arm chassis will be constructed. The advantages of IPMC in requiring low activation voltage and the induced large bending strain led to its consideration for various prosthetic applications. IPMC reacts to a changing voltage. When voltage is applied the material will bend, but if the voltage applied remains constant the material will slowly retract back to its neutral state. As the frequency of electrical impulses rises, so does the degree of fluctuation of the IPMC. Using this phenomenon of variation of degree of fluctuation with frequency of impulses, we can provide a 360 degree rotational arm by appropriately selecting the motor and impulse sequence. In major present prosthesis only vertical or horizontal movement of the prosthetic arm is possible. In this analysis, a rotational prosthetic arm using IPMC and controlled by nerve signal will be produced.
Rapid Application Development of MRI Guided HIFU System (2007)

A new rapid application development platform has been used to develop a system for MRI guided HIFU therapies with real‐time automatic feedback control and visualizations to monitor treatment progression. As the treatment dose is being administered to the patient, the MRI system calculates the Proton Resonance Frequency (PRF) based temperature measurements and sends them to our application over a TCP/IP network. The current thermal dose distribution and the next desired SAR pattern are immediately calculated. As the next dose is administered to the patient, the application applies a 1D color map to visualize thermal dose and a 2D color map to visualize temperature and SAR. The user is able to move 3D planes through the visualizations during the treatment in order to monitor treatment progression.
Design and technology of flip chip and SMD devices integrated with LTCC module (2010)

Electrical circuit design and technology of flip chip audio amplifier integrated with LTCC module are presented in the paper. Electrical circuit layout was miniaturized. Interconnections reliability between chip and substrate were increased with special underfill. Bonding quality was analyzed with X-Ray inspection. All electronic components were encapsulated with special ceramic housing. Additionally technology of LTCC modules integrated with RF transmitters and receivers are presented in the paper.
Electrolytes with Enhanced Safety and Electrochemical Stability for Application in Lithium-Ion Batteries (2010)

Abstract not Available.
Characterization of a planar spiral inductor on a composite-resin low-impedance substrate and its application to microwave circuits (1998)

The Q-factors of planar spiral inductors built on a polyimide-SiO/sub 2/-Si substrate are characterized as a function of the polyimide thickness. We found that inductor quality as high as that on a GaAs-microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuit (MMIC) requires a polyimide thickness of over 100 /spl mu/m, resulting in a Q-factor of over 17. The applicability of a low-impedance substrate was confirmed through the investigation of a novel RF-MCM in a face-up-type structure for cellular phone systems using a composite epoxy resin-metallic substrate. A fabricated power amplifier module exhibited 28.5-dBm output power and 16% power efficiency at 1.75 GHz.
Studies of the enteric nervous system in Alzheimer disease and other dementias of the elderly: enteric neurons in Alzheimer disease. (1993)

Studies of the myenteric (Auerbach) plexus of esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, and rectum, by microdissection and pointcount morphometry, for 18 patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), eight with other types of dementia of the elderly, non-demented elderly patients, and younger control patients, show a normal loss of enteric neurons and plexus mass with age, comparable to that reported by others for rats and guinea pigs. Values for patients with AD or other non-AD dementias did not differ from those for elderly controls. Enteric neurons in AD or the other dementias studied showed no definite stain with ALZ-50, a monoclonal antibody to a derivative of the microtubule-associated protein tau, which stains degenerating cerebral neurons in AD. Although the processes in the central nervous system in AD affect some neurons derived from the neural plate, the results of this study suggest that the enteric neurons, which are of neural crest origin, are not affected in AD. Enteric neurons, at least by the methods of this study, do not provide a useful peripheral marker for AD.