gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A better understanding of organic electrochemical transistors for biosensing applications (Presentation Recording) (2015)

Due to their biocompatibility, high transconductance, and low operating voltages, organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are promising platforms for biosensing applications. They have been used for measuring enzymes such as glucose and lactate, detecting disruptions of epithelial cell integrity, and amplifying epileptic voltage signals in rat brains. Accelerating the development of OECTs in this diverse range of potential applications, and those unforeseen, requires continued investigation of the device physics and material properties. In this presentation, we will describe our work to better understand OECT behavior, and we will discuss how this understanding can be used to develop more effective biosensors.
USE OF SOLID OXIDIZER FOR IMPROVING THE STARTING CAPABILITY OF TURBINE ENGINES (2009)

Small turbine engines are often optimized to operate within a narrow range of rotational speeds, higher than the speed induced by the starting system. Under harsh ambient conditions, such as reduced pressure and density, the decreased flow rate of air may prevent the combustion process from producing sufficient power to accelerate the engine up to its minimal rotational speed for self-sustained operation (idle speed). Many applications for small turbine engines (APUs, decoys, drones, etc.) require a reliable, one-shot starting system that ensures a successful starting at first attempt, in various ambient conditions. Previous work has shown that adding oxygen into the combustion chamber, during the starting process, improves the range of conditions in which the engine could start successfully. Most solutions utilize high-pressure gaseous oxygen supply systems, that remains on-board the platform throughout the entire flight, even after the starting process is completed. The added oxygen in the combustion chamber facilitates the burning of a larger amount of fuel and improves the combustion efficiency in the chamber, thus increasing the power of the turbine, assisting it to accelerate up to idle speed. The approach presented here (patent pending) aims to facilitate the need for oxygen during the starting process, using a simple, expendable, safely storable and relatively low-cost solution. The main concept is to store and supply the oxygen using a solid oxidizing capsule (SOC), installed inside the combustion chamber. The ignition process initiates the thermal decomposition, or deflagration, of the SOC, causing it to release oxidizing species, thus, augmenting the combustion process. The increased power of the hot products going into the turbine will enable the engine to accelerate up to idle speed. After several seconds, the SOC will be fully decomposed and consumed, leaving no unnecessary mass onboard. This study shows that retrofitting an engine with a SOC can lower its minimal starting conditions (pressure and density) by roughly 30%, using available materials and technology to obtain the required properties and configuration.
Band alignment engineering for high speed, low drive field quantum-confined Stark effect devices (1998)

An analysis and discussion of the device physics for the quantum-confined Stark effect based on barrier height and band alignment considerations is presented. It identifies two important design principles for band structure engineering of the multi-quantum well stack: (1) Due to the counterbalance relationship between field-induced redshift and field-induced polarization of the quantum well eigenstates, design strategies must look to attain an optimal balance or compromise between a minimum drive field and maximum absorption coefficient change. This can be achieved with an appropriate choice of the valence band discontinuity. (2) In III–V semiconductors, the strong asymmetry in the field response of the conduction and valence band eigenstates is due directly to the asymmetry of the conduction and valence band effective masses. As a result, optimum device performance is obtained by using a heterostructure with a disproportionately large conduction band offset to compensate the effective mass asymmetry and balance the field-induced wave function leakage in the conduction band to that in the valence band. The relative wave function leakage between conduction and valence bands is compared by examining tunneling currents through the quantum well barriers as a function of the electric field and barrier height. For conduction and valence band effective masses of, respectively, 0.055 and 0.5 times the free electron mass, the optimal band alignment requires a conduction band discontinuity 3–9 times greater than the valence band discontinuity. Applying these design principles for high speed, low drive voltage optical modulators shows that the overall performance of these devices may be improved by using a combination of balanced band alignments and low valence band barriers. The low valence band barriers reduce the drive field required to operate the devices, which has direct effects upon the drive voltage, device capacitance, attenuation coefficient, and optical coupling and propagation losses. The analysis and discussion is supported by experimental modulation depth and drive field data obtained from strained-layer multiple quantum well InAsP/InP and strain-compensated InAsP/InGaP optical modulators fabricated with layers grown on InP(001) by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy.
OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF IRON SILICATES IN THE INFRARED TO MILLIMETER AS A FUNCTION OF WAVELENGTH AND TEMPERATURE (2013)

The Optical Properties of Astronomical Silicates with Infrared Techniques program utilizes multiple instruments to provide spectral data over a wide range of temperatures and wavelengths. Experimental methods include Vector Network Analyzer and Fourier transform spectroscopy transmission, and reflection/scattering measurements. From this data, we can determine the optical parameters for the index of refraction, n, and the absorption coefficient, k. The analysis of the laboratory transmittance data for each sample type is based upon different mathematical models, which are applied to each data set according to their degree of coherence. Presented here are results from iron silicate dust grain analogs, in several sample preparations and at temperatures ranging from 5 to 300 K, across the infrared and millimeter portion of the spectrum (from 2.5 to 10,000/micron or 4000 to 1/cm).
Characterization of 1-3 Piezocomposite Using Lamb Waves Propagation (2020)

International audience
High Current Density, Long Life Cathodes for High Power RF Sources (2014)

This program was tasked with improving the quality and expanding applications for Controlled Porosity Reservoir (CPR) cathodes. Calabazas Creek Research, Inc. (CCR) initially developed CPR cathodes on a DOE-funded SBIR program to improve cathodes for magnetron injection guns. Subsequent funding was received from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. The program developed design requirements for implementation of the technology into high current density cathodes for high frequency applications. During Phase I of this program, CCR was awarded the prestigious 2011 R&D100 award for this technology. Subsequently, the technology was presented at numerous technical conferences. A patent was issued for the technology in 2009. These cathodes are now marketed by Semicon Associates, Inc. in Lexington, KY. They are the world’s largest producer of cathodes for vacuum electron devices. During this program, CCR teamed with Semicon Associates, Inc. and Ron Witherspoon, Inc. to improve the fabrication processes and expand applications for the cathodes. Specific fabrications issues included the quality of the wire winding that provides the basic structure and the sintering to bond the wires into a robust, cohesive structure. The program also developed improved techniques for integrating the resulting material into cathodes for electron guns.
Xylan adsorption on cellulose: Preferred alignment and local surface immobilizing effect (2022)

Interaction between xylan and cellulose microfibrils is required to maintain the integrity of secondary cell walls. However, the mechanisms governing their assembly and the effects on cellulose surface polymers are not fully clear. Here, molecular dynamics simulations are used to study xylan adsorption onto hydrated cellulose fibrils. Based on multiple spontaneous adsorption simulations it is shown that an antiparallel orientation is thermodynamically preferred over a parallel one, and that adsorption is accompanied by the formation of regular but orientation-dependent hydrogen bond patterns. Furthermore, xylan adsorption restricts the local dynamics of the adjacent glucose residues in the surface layer to a level of the crystalline core, which is manifested as a three-fold increase in their <sup>13</sup>C NMR T<sub>1</sub> relaxation time. These results suggest that xylan forms a rigid and ordered layer around the cellulose fibril that functions as a transition phase to more flexible and disordered polysaccharide and lignin domains.
Abstract 5082: c-Abl function in TPA- and radiation-induced apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells (2011)

Abstract We previously reported that 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) decreased transcription and protein levels of Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) in human prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and CWR22-Rv1, de-repressing the enzyme ceramide synthase (CerS) to promote apoptosis. Here we analyzed the expression and subcellular distribution of the six mammalian CerS isoforms and their specific ceramide species generated within mitochondrial-associated membranes (MAM) and within the mitochondria in these cells before and after TPA±radiation treatments. This analysis revealed that TPA±radiation induces de novo synthesis of ceramide by specifically activating CerS isoforms 5 and/or 6 generating pro-apoptotic C16-ceramide species in mitochondrial membranes. In addition we demonstrate that LNCaP cells transfected with a c-Abl kinase dead (KD) mutant showed a significant decrease in both TPA and TPA + radiation-induced apoptosis compared with c-Abl (WT) transfected LNCaP cells. Thus, this result indicates that the kinase activity of c-Abl is necessary for TPA±radiation-induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells. In LNCaP cells transfected with WT-c-Abl, ceramide elevation was observed in response to TPA coupled to a synergistic increase of ceramide after TPA+radiation treatment. However, ceramide elevation was abolished in LNCaP transfected with the KD-c-Abl, for both TPA and TPA+radiation treatments. These findings identify kinase active c-Abl as a pro-apoptotic factor in these cells, which utilizes the activation of the CerS pathway to transduce this apoptotic response. Whether c-Abl directly or indirectly activates CerS5 and/or 6 activities, responsible for the generation of the pro-apoptotic ceramide species in response to TPA±radiation, remains to be elucidated. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5082. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5082
Rapid and enhanced activation of microporous coordination polymers by flowing supercritical CO.sub.2 (2023)

Flowing supercritical CO.sub.2 is used to activate metal organic framework materials (MOF). MOFs are activated directly from N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) thus avoiding exchange with a volatile solvent. Most MCPs display increased surface areas directly after treatment although those with coordinatively unsaturated metal centers benefit from additional heating.
Optimal transmission rate for MISO channels with joint sum and per-antenna power constraints (2015)

We consider multiple-input single-output (MISO) Gaussian channels with joint sum and per-antenna power constraints. A closed-form solution of the optimal beamforming vector is derived which achieves the maximal transmission rate. The result shows that if the sum power constraint only optimal power allocation violates a per-antenna power constraint then the joint power constraint optimal power allocation is at the intersection of the sum power constraint and the per-antenna power constraints.
Management of Tandem Cervical Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis and Large Vessel Occlusion During Acute Stroke: A Single Institution's Initial Experience (2019)

INTRODUCTION: Thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion (LVO) has become a well-established treatment for acute stroke. Management of tandem internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis in thrombectomy patients can be challenging, as no formal treatment algorithm exists for this unique pathology. We present a single institution's experience with the acute treatment of ICA stenosis during or after thrombectomy with either carotid artery stent (CAS) or carotid endarterectomy (CEA). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on all patients who underwent thrombectomy with tandem ICA stenosis at our institution. All demographic, stroke presentation, stroke treatment, cervical carotid stenosis treatment, and follow-up data were analyzed for these patients. RESULTS: From 2015 to 2018, 31 patients with tandem ICA stenosis underwent thrombectomy for LVO. Of these patients, 26 had a CAS placed, 25 of which were done at time of thrombectomy, and 1 placed 5 d after thrombectomy. CAS patients were placed on antiplatelet therapy after stent placement. Of the 25 patients who had CAS placed at time of thrombectomy, 5 patients had a symptomatic ICH, 4 of which did not survive the hospitalization. Two additional CAS patients did not survive hospitalization. There were 5 patients who had a CEA performed during the same hospital stay, ranging from 1 to 10 d post-thrombectomy. Patients who underwent CEA had a smaller area of infarct and a shorter thrombectomy procedure time when compared to the CAS patients, and all CEA patients survived hospitalization, with good outcomes. CONCLUSION: CAS placement for tandem ICA stenosis at time of thrombectomy may be less safe than previously published. Early, but not simultaneous, intervention on cervical ICA stenosis after thrombectomy allows for the assessment of infarct volume, patient recovery, and the presence of intracerebral hemorrhage, and thus provides the opportunity to appropriately select patients who would benefit from treatment of the carotid stenosis with either CAS or CEA.
Systematic morphological characterization of sub-visible particles generated from cardiovascular devices using dynamic image analysis (2021)

Abstract The assessment of particulate matter generated during a simulated use is requested by international standards for approval of cardiovascular devices. The particle suspension was generated during a simulated use test procedure of a commercially available coronary stent delivery system and analyzed by Dynamic image analysis (DIA) using FlowCAM 8000. Four parameters were analyzed: the diameter, the aspect ratio value, the circularity and the intensity. The results revealed that 53% of the particles were larger than 25 μm. The particle shapes were inhomogeneous with a wide ranging aspect ratio of 0.03 to 0.95. Around 83% had an intensity value of more than 140 grey scales and appeared translucent.
On the magnetic anisotropy in Fe78Si9B13 ingots and amorphous ribbons: Orientation aligning of Fe-based phases/clusters (2017)

Magnetic anisotropy in Fe-based amorphous ribbon plays an important role in various applications and is still not fully understood. To gain an in-depth understanding of this phenomenon, the structure and magnetic properties of Fe78Si9B13 master alloy ingots and melt-spun amorphous ribbons were measured by various techniques. For the ingot samples, both the &amp;lt;100&amp;gt;α-Fe and &amp;lt;001&amp;gt;Fe2B axes are aligned parallel with the radial direction (RD) of the original cylindrical ingot, i.e. the maximum temperature gradient direction, and their other orthogonal axes have several preferred directions in the plane vertical to RD. The hard magnetic axis of the ingot samples is parallel to RD, which is due to the large magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy difference between &amp;lt;001&amp;gt; and {001} of the Fe2B phase. For the amorphous ribbons, there is an in-plane magnetic anisotropy: the easy or hard axis of magnetization is aligned on the plane of the ribbon, and parallel to or at an angle of about 60° to its width direction, respectively. According to the structural heredity between the melts and glasses/crystals during solidification, we deduce that the magnetic anisotropy in the ribbon plane is ascribed to the orientation alignment of Fe-Si and Fe-B clusters, i.e. a hidden order beyond short-range order, in Fe78Si9B13 amorphous ribbons.
Expression of Vibrio salmonicida virulence genes and immune response parameters in experimentally challenged Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) (2013)

The Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio salmonicida is the causative agent of cold-water vibriosis (CV), a hemorrhagic septicemia that primarily affects farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). The mechanisms of disease development, host specificity and adaptation, as well as the immunogenic properties of V. salmonicida are largely unknown. Therefore, to gain more knowledge on the pathogenesis of CV, 90 Atlantic salmon parr were injected intraperitoneally with 6 × 10(6) CFU of V. salmonicida LFI1238. Samples from blood and spleen tissue were taken at different time points throughout the challenge for gene expression analysis by two-step reverse transcription (RT) quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Out of a panel of six housekeeping genes, accD, gapA, and 16S rDNA were found to be the most suitable references for expression analysis in Vibrio salmonicida. The bacterial proliferation during challenge was monitored based on the expression of the 16S rRNA encoding gene. Before day 4, the concentrations of V. salmonicida in blood and spleen tissue demonstrated a lag phase. From day 4, the bacterial proliferation was exponential. The expression profiles of eight genes encoding potential virulence factors of V. salmonicida were studied. Surprisingly, all tested virulence genes were generally highest expressed in broth cultures compared to the in vivo samples. We hypothesize that this general muting of gene expression in vivo may be a strategy for V. salmonicida to hide from the host immune system. To further investigate this hypothesis, the expression profiles of eight genes encoding innate immune factors were analyzed. The results demonstrated a strong and rapid, but short-lasting innate immune response against V. salmonicida. These results suggest that the bacterium possesses mechanisms that inhibit and/or resist the salmon innate immune system until the host becomes exhausted of fighting the on-going and eventually overwhelming infection.
Poster 191: Suture Anchor-Based Quadriceps Tendon Repair Results in Improved Patient Reported Outcomes Compared to the Transosseous Tunnel Technique (2022)

Objectives: Recent biomechanical studies have compared traditional transosseus (TO) quadriceps tendon repairs to newer techniques for suture anchor (SA) repair. However, clinical studies comparing the two techniques are limited. The purpose of this study was to compare failure rates and patient reported outcomes between TO and SA quadriceps tendon repairs. Methods: Following IRB approval, patients who underwent primary repair for quadriceps tendon rupture with transosseus tunnel (TO) or suture anchor (SA) techniques between January 2009 and August 2018 were identified from a prospectively maintained institutional database and retrospectively reviewed. Patients were contacted by email or telephone interview for satisfaction (1-10 scale), current function (1-100 scale), failure (retear), and revision surgeries; International Knee Documentation Committee score (IKDC), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS), Lysholm questionnaire outcomes were also collected. Results: Seventy patients (92.1%) were available by phone or email at a mean of 4.64±2.53 years postoperatively (transosseus sutures: 34 and suture anchor: 42). Out of these 70 patients, there were 10 failures for an overall failure rate of 14.29% (Table 1). Failure rates were not significantly different between treatment groups (TO: 5/34, 14.71% vs SA: 5/42, 11.90%, p=.622) (Figure 1). Patients in each repair group had similar satisfaction ratings (SA: 9.17±1.95 vs TO: 8.31±2.30, p=.102). The SA group reported higher subjective function (SA: 89.08±8.40 vs TO: 76.14±23.52, p=.003) and significantly greater final IKDC scores (72.30 ± 22.08 vs 56.80 ± 16.62; p=.041). Conclusions: In conclusion, there is no significant difference in failure rate between transosseus and suture anchor repairs for quadriceps tendon ruptures at a mean of 4.64±2.53 years of follow-up. Most failures occur secondary to a traumatic reinjury within the first year post-operatively. Patients who underwent suture anchor repair reported significantly greater subjective function and final IKDC, KOOS Pain, and KOOS Quality of Life scores. [Figure: see text][Table: see text]
A Novel Bisretinoid of Retina Is an Adduct on Glycerophosphoethanolamine (2011)

To date, several bisretinoids of RPE lipofuscin have been isolated and characterized, and for all of these, formation involves the membrane phospholipid phosphatidylethanolamine. Conversely, the bisretinoid A2-GPE is detected as sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (GPE) derivatized by two all-trans-retinal. The pathways by which A2-GPE may form under conditions of increased availability of all-trans-retinal, for instance in the Abca4(-/-) mouse, are discussed.
Preparation of Latex Carriers for Controlled Release by Concentrated Emulsion Polymerization * (2019)

Spherical latexes of submicron diameter containing a model hydrophobic herbicide, namely, 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-propionic acid, were prepared by the concentrated emulsion polymerization method. A mixture of styrene, herbicide, and initiator was dispersed into a small amount of water (6% by volume based on the entire emulsion) containing surfactant, at room temperature. The heating at 40°C of the foam-like gel thus obtained led to the formation of latexes containing the herbicide. It was found that the model herbicide dispersed in the polymer latex was released to water over a period of several weeks and that the amount released was strongly dependent upon temperature and latex concentration in water.
ChemInform Abstract: Methane Activation in Homogeneous Systems (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Supplementary Table S5 from BET Bromodomain Inhibition Blocks an AR-Repressed, E2F1-Activated Treatment-Emergent Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer Lineage Plasticity Program (2023)

Supplementary Table S5 from BET Bromodomain Inhibition Blocks an AR-Repressed, E2F1-Activated Treatment-Emergent Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer Lineage Plasticity Program