gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrogenation asymetrique en phase homogene a l'aide de complexes chiraux du ruthenium(ii) et du rhodium(i) : synthese d'alcaloides monohydroxyles synthese et recyclage de catalyseurs (1999)

L'hydrogenation asymetrique est un outil de choix pour creer un centre stereogene sur un carbone tertiaire. Elle est utilisee dans de nombreuses syntheses de produits d'interet biologique notamment au niveau industriel. Cette these decrit l'utilisation de catalyseurs chiraux du ruthenium(ii) prepares selon une methode simple developpee au laboratoire en hydrogenation. Les bonnes enantioselectivites obtenues pour l'hydrogenation de -cetoesters derives de la proline et de l'acide pipecolique ont permis d'elaborer une voie de synthese simple, rapide et stereocontrolee d'heterocycles azotes monohydroxyles. Nous avons realise avec succes la synthese de differents bicycles azotes comme la (1r,8r)-1-hydroxypyrrolizidine ou les (1s,8as) et (1r,8as)-1-hydroxyindolizidines et celle d'un alcaloide : la (+)-()-conhydrine. Dans le but d'obtenir des systemes catalytiques du ruthenium(ii) et du rhodium(i) recyclables en phase homogene, nous avons prepare des ligands hydrosolubles cationiques originaux analogues au binap et fonctionnalises par des groupements ammonium ou guanidinium. Ces ligands ont permis la preparation de catalyseurs du rhodium et du ruthenium(ii) efficaces en hydrogenation asymetrique de liaisons c=o et c=c, non seulement en terme de reactivite mais aussi en terme d'enantioselectivite. Les produits sont aisement separes du systeme catalytique par extraction et differents complexes ont ete recycles efficacement. Nous avons developpe un systeme catalytique par greffage de deux ligands (le degphos et le 6,6-diaminobinap) sur poly(ethylene glycol). Nous avons mis au point une methode efficace de recyclage des complexes chiraux (m-peg-p*p)rubr 2 et (m-peg-p*p)rhotf en hydrogenation asymetrique de liaisons c=o et c=c. L'activite catalytique est maintenue sur plusieurs cycles et l'enantioselectivite de la reaction est conservee.
A family of serine proteases expressed exclusively in myelo-monocytic cells specifically processes the nuclear factor-kappa B subunit p65 in vitro and may impair human immunodeficiency virus replication in these cells. (1994)

Two groups of U937 promonocytic cells were obtained by limiting dilution cloning which differed strikingly in their ability to support human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) replication. "Plus" clones replicated the virus efficiently, whereas "minus" clones did not. We examined these clones for differences in nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B activity which might account for the observed phenomenon. Stimulation of plus clones liberated the classical p50-p65 complex from cytoplasmic pools, whereas minus clones produced an apparently novel, faster-migrating complex, as judged by electrophoretic mobility shift assays. It is surprising that the faster-migrating complex was composed also of p50 and p65. However, the p65 subunit was COOH-terminally truncated, as shown by immunoprecipitation. The truncation resulted from limited proteolysis of p65 during cellular extraction which released particular lysosomal serine proteases, such as elastase, cathepsin G, and proteinase 3. These specific proteases are coordinately expressed and were present exclusively in the minus U937 clones, but not in the plus clones, as demonstrated in the case of cathepsin G. In addition, these proteases were detected in certain subclones of THP-1 and HL-60 cells and in primary monocytes, in each case correlating with the truncated from of p65. We demonstrate in vitro cleavage of p65 by purified elastase and cathepsin G. It is possible that particular serine proteases may have inhibiting effects on the replication of HIV-1 in myelo-monocytic cells. The data also demonstrate that special precautions must be taken when making extracts from myelo-monocytic cells.
Influence of Hypoxia on the Myocardial Uptake and Pharmacodynamics of Quinidine in Isolated Perfused Rabbit Hearts (1991)

The effects of hypoxia on the myocardial uptake and pharmacodynamics of quinidine were studied in isolated perfused rabbit hearts. Hearts were perfused with a modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer that was equilibrated with either 95% O2-5% CO2 (normoxia) or 95% N2-5% CO2 (hypoxia). The myocardial quinidine accumulation was determined from concentration differences in aortic perfusate and coronary sinus effluent. Under hypoxic conditions, the myocardial concentration of quinidine (12.0 +/- 3.6 micrograms/g) was significantly reduced compared to normoxic conditions (24.8 +/- 8.5 micrograms/g, p less than 0.01). Greater increases in QRS complex duration were observed during hypoxia (10.0 +/- 1.0 ms) compared to normoxia (7.5 +/- 1.3 ms; p less than 0.05). Greater increases in MAP duration were also observed during hypoxia (64 +/- 14 ms) compared to normoxia (37 +/- 14 ms; p less than 0.01). The myocardial concentration-effect relationships describing changes in QRS complex duration, QT interval, MAP duration, and ventricular effective refractory periods were linear in both groups. The curves of the concentration-effect relationships observed during hypoxia were shifted to the left compared to those observed during normoxia and the slopes of these relationships were also significantly greater (p less than 0.05). These pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions may be explained by the development of acidosis during hypoxia since the pH of the coronary sinus effluent decreased significantly during hypoxia (7.10 +/- 0.04) compared to the normoxic group (7.25 +/- 0.04, p less than 0.001). Thus, although hypoxia reduces the myocardial accumulation of quinidine, greater electrophysiologic effects are observed compared to normoxic conditions. These observations likely relate to a change in responsiveness of acidotic tissue to quinidine.
Switchable CNN-Based Same-Resolution and Super-Resolution In-Loop Restoration for Next Generation Video Codecs (2022)

We present a common framework for in-loop same-resolution and super-resolution restoration for incorporation into a next-generation video codec. Building on the in-loop filtering pipeline in the AV1 video codec from the Alliance for Open Media (AOM), we first enhance it to support symmetric spatial down-up scaling with better down and upscaling filters, followed by adding switchable frame-level CNNs to restore the reconstructed frames. Furthermore, the architectures for the CNNs used are constrained to be very simple with a relatively small number of parameters and multiply-add operations per decoded pixel to make them practically feasible in hardware. Preliminary results are presented on test sets being used by AOM for their ongoing next-generation video codec (AV2) development effort.
A truthful pricing mechanism for sponsored content in wireless networks (2016)

We study the problem faced by a wireless service provider (SP) when offering a “sponsored content” service to multiple content providers (CPs). Each CP specifies the value that it would obtain from additional content views together with estimates on the underlying demand for its content. The SP then determines which CPs should sponsor their content along with the price for doing so. This basic framework has been studied in a variety of different contexts in recent years. However, previous work typically assumes that the CP parameters are reported truthfully to the SP. Another common assumption is that each CP has an independent traffic stream, i.e. there is no notion of competition between CPs in similar markets. In this work we address both of these issues. We present a pricing scheme that optimizes SP profit subject to CPs being incentivized to reveal their valuation and number of potential views in a truthful manner. We also examine how the model is affected if CPs in the same market are vying to sponsor a common pool of content.
Staging Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (2005)

Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas are always treatable and frequently curable malignancies. However, choosing the most appropriate therapy requires accurate diagnosis and a careful staging evaluation. New patients with non-Hodgkin Lymphoma should have their tumors classified using the World Health Organization classification. The specific choice of therapy is dependent on a careful staging evaluation. Patients with non-Hodgkin Lymphoma are assigned an anatomic stage using the Ann Arbor system. However, patients should also be classified using the International Prognostic Index. New insights into the biology of the lymphomas in the coming years might well improve our ability to evaluate patients and choose therapy.
Laboratory demonstrations of high-contrast imaging for space coronagraphy (2007)

Space coronagraphy is a promising method for direct imaging of planetary systems orbiting the nearby stars. The High Contrast Imaging Testbed is a laboratory facility at JPL that integrates the essential hardware and control algorithms needed for suppression of diffracted and scattered light near a target star that would otherwise obscure an associated exo-planetary system. Stable suppression of starlight by a factor of 5&times;10<sup>&minus;10</sup> has been demonstrated consistently in narrowband light over fields of view as close as four Airy radii from the star. Recent progress includes the extension of spectral bandwidths to 10% at contrast levels of 2&times;10<sup>&minus;9</sup>, with work in progress to further improve contrast levels, bandwidth, and instrument throughput. We summarize recent laboratory results and outline future directions. This laboratory experience is used to refine computational models, leading to performance and tolerance predictions for future space mission architectures.
Intense THz-radiation generation from an intracavity saturable Bragg reflector in a magnetic field (1998)

Summary form only given. We have proposed a new THz radiation generation scheme using an intracavity saturable Bragg reflector (SBR) in a magnetic field. With this simple scheme using a simple and damage-free device, THz radiation peaked at around 0.8 THz and 0.8 /spl mu/W average power was directly generated. That power level is the same level as that of complicated and damage-sensitive photoconductive antenna.
A Novel Multi-Detector Fusion Framework for Multi-Object Tracking (2017)

In order to track all persons in a scene, the tracking-by-detection paradigm
has proven to be a very effective approach. Yet, relying solely on a single
detector is also a major limitation, as useful image information might be
ignored. This work demonstrates how to incorporate several detectors into a
tracking system, using a novel multi-object tracking formulation. We cast
tracking as a weighted graph labeling problem, resulting in a binary quadratic
program. As such problems are NP-hard, the solution can only be approximated.
Based on the Frank-Wolfe algorithm, we present a new solver that is crucial to
handle such difficult problems. As a result, the tracker can take information
from many frames and different detectors holistically into account. When
applied with head and full-body detections, the fusion helps to recover heavily
occluded persons and to reduce false positives. Evaluation on pedestrian
tracking is provided for multiple scenarios, showing superior results over
single detector tracking and standard QP-solvers. Finally, our tracker performs
state-of-the-art on the MOT16 benchmark and is the winner of the MOT17
challenge.
Comparison Study of Computational Prediction Tools for Drug-Target Binding Affinities (2019)

The drug development is generally arduous, costly, and success rates are low. Thus, the identification of drug-target interactions (DTIs) has become a crucial step in early stages of drug discovery. Consequently, developing computational approaches capable of identifying potential DTIs with minimum error rate are increasingly being pursued. These computational approaches aim to narrow down the search space for novel DTIs and shed light on drug functioning context. Most methods developed to date use binary classification to predict if the interaction between a drug and its target exists or not. However, it is more informative but also more challenging to predict the strength of the binding between a drug and its target. If that strength is not sufficiently strong, such DTI may not be useful. Therefore, the methods developed to predict drug-target binding affinities (DTBA) are of great value. In this study, we provide a comprehensive overview of the existing methods that predict DTBA. We focus on the methods developed using artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) approaches, as well as related benchmark datasets and databases. Furthermore, guidance and recommendations are provided that cover the gaps and directions of the upcoming work in this research area. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive comparison analysis of tools focused on DTBA with reference to AI/ML/DL.
Serum amine-based metabolites and their association with outcomes in primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients (2015)

Utilizing metabolic profiling in two independent prospective cohorts of patients undergoing ICD implantation for primary prevention of SCD, we identified several novel amine markers that were associated with appropriate shock and mortality. These findings shed insight into the potential biologic pathways leading to adverse events in ICD patients. Further studies are needed to confirm the prognostic value of these findings.
Prediction of thickening efficiency of olefin copolymers and kinematic viscosities of the blended base oils by determining intrinsic viscosities of the copolymers in cyclohexane (2022)

The engine oil contains various performance additives along with polymer-based viscosity index improver, which are made from special types of flexible long chain polymers whose functionality is derived from their thickening efficiency, viscosity-temperature relationship, and shear stability. Olefin copolymers of the type ethylene/propylene copolymer are extensively used as viscosity index improver for engine oil formulations whose performance is a function of their composition, co-monomer sequence distribution and molar mass. Polymer coils interact with base oil and make it increasingly resistant to flow which accounts for substantial changes in viscosity parameters i.e. kinematic viscosities and viscosity index of blended base oils. Intrinsic viscosity of a polymeric solution is an important “dilute solution viscosity” parameter, which is easily measurable using Ubbelohde viscometer. In the present work, intrinsic viscosity of twenty samples of laboratory synthesized olefin copolymer in cyclohexane at 30 °C were correlated with their thickening efficiencies, kinematic viscosities of the olefin copolymer blended base oils at 40 °C and 100 °C. These correlation studies enable prediction of performance of olefin copolymer in blended base oil based on an easily and quickly measurable intrinsic viscosity parameter, leading to faster screening of large number of olefin copolymers for their utility as viscosity index improver in lubricants, in a short span of time with limited resources.
Isabelle ou Le crépuscule des Guanches (2010)

Iles Fortunees, ou Canaries, au debut du XVe siecle, habitees par le peuple des Guanches, et que vient conquerir le Normand Jean de Bethencourt. Isabelle, une esclave guanche affranchie, doit servir d'interprete : les Europeens veulent convertir ce peuple primitif. Isabelle, amoureuse du fils d'un des chefs de l'expedition, se retrouve entre les deux camps.
ChemInform Abstract: Imidazo‐oxazaphosphorines as Precursors to Chiral Phosphite Triesters. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
"Missing magnetism" puzzle solved (2015)

Plutonium
To explain plutonium's complex structural properties, conventional band structure theories typically invoke magnetism, in stark contrast with experiment. Janoschek et al. used neutron spectroscopy and found that the magnetism in plutonium is not “missing” but dynamic: the fingerprint
A stationary, variable DOF flight control system for an unmanned quadrocopter (2011)

Unmanned air vehicles (UAV) and especially quadrocopters have drawn great attention in recent years because of their maneuverability and nonlinear control problem. Most of the related research concentrate on control; yet, design and communication are also some sub-topics. In this paper, a stationary, four rotor air vehicle with limited/controlled degree of freedom is constructed so that various control algorithms and their changing effects with varying vehicle dynamics can be studied on the ground for safety purposes. Ascending/descending, pitch/yaw/roll motions can be limited by setting the vehicle's degree of freedom mechanically, resulting better net observability of the control algorithms on the vehicle's dynamic performance. Design, in terms of mechanics, mechatronics and software are presented and the usability of the system is shown by comparing simulation and real system responses utilizing preliminary control trials.
Combination Immunotherapy: A Dual Immunotherapy Nanoparticle Improves T‐Cell Activation and Cancer Immunotherapy (Adv. Mater. 25/2018) (2018)

The combination of checkpoint blockade and T cell agonist is poised to become the next generation of cancer immunotherapy treatment. In article number 1706098, Andrew Z. Wang and co-workers report a new strategy to improve the efficacy of such regimens. They engineer dual-immunotherapy nanoparticles (DINPs) that contain both an immune checkpoint inhibitor and a T cell agonist to improve simultaneous signaling in T cells and demonstrate that the DINPs are significantly more effective than their free antibody counterparts.
The Vanilloid Agonist Resiniferatoxin for Interventional-Based Pain Control (2011)

The idea of selectively targeting nociceptive transmission at the level of the peripheral nervous system is attractive from multiple perspectives, particularly the potential lack of non-specific (non-targeted) CNS side effects. Out of the multiple TRP channels involved in nociception, TRPV1 is a strong candidate based on its biophysical conductance properties and its expression in inflammation-sensitive dorsal root ganglion neurons and their axons and central and peripheral nerve terminals. While TRPV1 antagonists have undergone extensive medicinal chemical and pharmacological investigation, for TRPV1 agonists nature has provided an optimized compound in RTX. RTX is not suitable for systemic administration, but it is highly adaptable to a variety of pain problems when used by local administration. This can include routes as diverse as subcutaneous, intraganglionic or intrathecal (CSF space around the spinal cord). The present review focuses on the molecular and preclinical animal experiments that form the underpinnings of our clinical trial of intrathecal RTX for pain in advanced cancer. As such this represents a new approach to pain control that emerges from a long line of research on capsaicin and other vanilloids, their physiological actions, and the molecular biology of the capsaicin receptor TRPV1.
Abstract 4639: Prognostic significance and molecular associations of <i>CDKN2A</i> (p16) promoter methylation and loss of expression in colorectal cancer (2010)

Abstract Background: p16 (CDKN2A/Ink4a) is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and functions as a tumor suppressor. CDKN2A promoter methylation and gene silencing are associated with the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) in colorectal cancer. However, prognostic significance of CDKN2A methylation or loss of p16 expression independent of CIMP status has not been studied. Patients and Methods: Utilizing 940 colorectal cancers (stage I-IV) in two independent cohort studies (the Nurses’ Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study), we quantified DNA methylation in the CDKN2A promoter real-time PCR (MethyLight) and detected hypermethylation in 269 tumors (29%). By immunohistochemistry, we detected loss of p16 (CDKN2A) expression in 25% (200/804) of tumors. We also analyzed DNA methylation in LINE-1 and 7 other CpG islands (CACNA1G, CRABP1, IGF2, MLH1, NEUROG1, RUNX3 and SOCS1); microsatellite instability (MSI); KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations; and expression of β-catenin, p53, p21, p27, cyclin D1, fatty acid synthase (FASN), and cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2, COX-2). Results: In multivariate logistic regression analysis, CDKN2A methylation was independently associated with CIMP-high [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 41.6; 95% CI, 21.6-80.0; vs. CIMP-0], CIMP-low (adjusted OR 5.66; 95% CI, 3.75-8.53; vs. CIMP-0), and COX-2 negativity (adjusted OR 0.46; 95% CI, 0.29-0.74; COX-2 -positive vs. negative). Both CDKN2A promoter methylation and loss of p16 were significantly associated with high overall mortality in univariate Cox regression analysis [hazard ratio (HR), 1.31; 95% CI, 1.07-1.60; p=0.009 (CDKN2A methylation), HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.03-1.63; p=0.026 (loss of p16)] but not in multivariate analysis [HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.57-1.09; p=0.14 (CDKN2A methylation), HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.79-1.27; p=0.98]. Conclusion: Both CDKN2A promoter methylation and loss of p16 expression in colorectal cancer are not independently associated with patient survival. However, CDKN2A promoter methylation is independently associated with CIMP and COX-2 negativity. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4639.
Lower Bounds for Straight Line Factoring. (2010)

Straight line factoring algorithms include a variant Lenstra’s elliptic curve method. This note proves lower bounds on the length of straight line factoring algorithms.
Basic Science (26) (2001)

The addition of dilute epinephrine produces equieffectivenes of bupivacaine enantiomers for cutaneous analgesia in the rat. (Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA) Anesth Analg 2000;91:410–416. This study investigated the effectiveness for cutaneous analgesia of bupivacaine (Bup) stereoisomers in male rats. As a model of infiltration anesthesia, inhibition of a nocifensive reflex by subcutaneous injection of 0.6mL of different concentrations of R‐, S‐, and racemic‐Bup was evaluated quantitatively by the fraction of times a pinprick failed to evoke a nocifensive motor response. R‐Bup was more potent in the extent of the block; however, S‐Bup had a longer‐lasting action at smaller doses. This significant difference was apparent when R‐Bup and S‐Bup were administered in equipotent doses of 0.06% and 0.075%, respectively. Co‐injection of epinephrine (Epi) with these equipotent doses enhanced and prolonged the blocking effects of both Bup stereoisomers, although the dilutions of 1:100,000 to 1:1,000,000 Epi itself induced partial, transient analgesia. At 1:2,000,000 dilution, Epi alone had no analgesic effect; however, when co‐injected with the shorter‐acting R‐Bup (0.06%), Epi prolonged its blocking effect to equal the duration of the block evoked by equipotent S‐Bup (0.075%). Conclude that R‐Bup is more potent for cutaneous analgesia and that the longer duration of the block by S‐Bup probably originates from vasoconstrictor activity.