gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two precatalysts for application in propargylic CH activation (2019)

The complexes {bis[(2-diphenylphosphanyl)phenyl] ether-κ<sup>2</sup>P,P'}(η<sup>4</sup>-norbornadiene)rhodium(I) tetrafluoridoborate, [Rh(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>8</sub>)(C<sub>36</sub>H<sub>28</sub>OP<sub>2</sub>)]BF<sub>4</sub>, and {bis[(2-diphenylphosphanyl)phenyl] ether-κ<sup>2</sup>P,P'}[η<sup>4</sup>-(Z,Z)-cycloocta-1,5-diene]rhodium(I) tetrafluoridoborate dichloromethane monosolvate, [Rh(C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>12</sub>)(C<sub>36</sub>H<sub>28</sub>OP<sub>2</sub>)]BF<sub>4</sub>·CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>, are applied as precatalysts in redox-neutral atomic-economic propargylic CH activation [Lumbroso et al. (2013). Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 52, 1890-1932]. In addition, the catalytically inactive pentacoordinated 18-electron complex {bis[(2-diphenylphosphanyl)phenyl] ether-κ<sup>2</sup>P,P'}chlorido(η<sup>4</sup>-norbornadiene)rhodium(I), [RhCl(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>8</sub>)(C<sub>36</sub>H<sub>28</sub>OP<sub>2</sub>)], was synthesized, which can form in the presence of chloride in the reaction system.
Implications for annual retesting after a test-and-not-treat strategy for onchocerciasis elimination in areas co-endemic with Loa loa infection: an observational cohort study (2019)

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Division of Intramural Research (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, US National Institutes of Health).
Experimental atherosclerosis at the carotid bifurcation of the cynomolgus monkey. Localization, compensatory enlargement, and the sparing effect of lowered heart rate. (1992)

We have characterized plaque localization, the extent of compensatory artery enlargement, and the effect of heart rate in experimental atherosclerosis at the carotid bifurcation of the cynomolgus monkey. We altered heart rate by sino-atrial node ablation (SNA) and then fed the animals an atherogenic diet for 6 months. Heart rate was measured at four time points by 24-hour telemetry. Of nine animals with SNA, heart rate was reduced significantly in six (from 148 +/- 11 to 103 +/- 20 beats/min, p < 0.001) and was unchanged in three. Sham-operated monkeys had no significant change in heart rate. On the basis of comparison with the preoperative mean for all 17 animals (136 +/- 22 beats/min), animals were separated into a low-heart-rate (LHR) group (111 +/- 16 beats/min, n = 12) and a high-heart-rate (HHR) group (150 +/- 16 beats/min, n = 5). Blood pressure, serum cholesterol level, and body weight did not differ for the two groups. As in the human, plaques formed predominantly in the proximal portion of the internal carotid artery at the lateral wall opposite the flow divider. Plaque cross-sectional area increased progressively from the relatively uninvolved, adjacent common carotid artery to the mid-sinus region of the internal carotid artery and decreased from the mid-sinus region to the internal carotid artery beyond the sinus. Plaque distribution was the same for the LHR and HHR groups, but lesion area and percent stenosis were greater for the HHR group than for the LHR animals (2.01 +/- 1.19 compared with 0.76 +/- 0.42 mm2 for lesion area [p < 0.02] and 30.7 +/- 4.4% compared with 15.2 +/- 7.3% for stenosis [p < 0.002]).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
4MOST: 4-metre Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope (2014)

4MOST is a wide-field, high-multiplex spectroscopic survey facility under development for the VISTA telescope of the European Southern Observatory (ESO). Its main science drivers are in the fields of galactic archeology, high-energy physics, galaxy evolution and cosmology. 4MOST will in particular provide the spectroscopic complements to the large area surveys coming from space missions like Gaia, eROSITA, Euclid, and PLATO and from ground-based facilities like VISTA, VST, DES, LSST and SKA. The 4MOST baseline concept features a 2.5 degree diameter field-of-view with ~2400 fibres in the focal surface that are configured by a fibre positioner based on the tilting spine principle. The fibres feed two types of spectrographs; ~1600 fibres go to two spectrographs with resolution R&lt;5000 (&lambda;~390-930 nm) and ~800 fibres to a spectrograph with R&gt;18,000 (&lambda;~392-437 nm and 515-572 nm and 605-675 nm). Both types of spectrographs are fixed-configuration, three-channel spectrographs. 4MOST will have an unique operations concept in which 5 year public surveys from both the consortium and the ESO community will be combined and observed in parallel during each exposure, resulting in more than 25 million spectra of targets spread over a large fraction of the southern sky. The 4MOST Facility Simulator (4FS) was developed to demonstrate the feasibility of this observing concept. 4MOST has been accepted for implementation by ESO with operations expected to start by the end of 2020. This paper provides a top-level overview of the 4MOST facility, while other papers in these proceedings provide more detailed descriptions of the instrument concept[1], the instrument requirements development[2], the systems engineering implementation[3], the instrument model[4], the fibre positioner concepts[5], the fibre feed[6], and the spectrographs[7].
Supplementary Figure 3 from Relationship of Mammographic Density and Gene Expression: Analysis of Normal Breast Tissue Surrounding Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 3 - PDF file 55K, Cluster discovery consensus matrix and dendrogram of gene expression level of the 3194 genes of the published Active/Inactive signature&lt;/p&gt;
Estrategias de prevención y desarrollo de un modelo predictivo del fracaso renal agudo en pacientes de Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (2016)

La hipotesis de este estudio consiste en posibilidad de elaborar un modelo de riesgo que permita al clinico identificar los pacientes con mas riesgo de desarrollar nefropatia por contraste, dotando asi al clinico de una o varias herramientas de decision que le ayudaran a la hora de tomar decisiones diagnosticas y/o terapeuticas. Por tanto, el objetivo principal de este proyecto de investigacion consiste en el desarrollo de uno o varios modelos predictivos que nos puedan orientar a la probabilidad de desarrollar nefropatia por contraste (NC) en los pacientes ingresados en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos que vayan a ser sometidos a una prueba que precise de la administracion de contraste iodado. El referido analisis de los datos de este estudio nos lleva a las siguientes conclusiones: 1. El nivel hospitalario y el tipo de Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos no se relaciona de forma estadisticamente significativa con el desarrollo de la nefropatia inducida por contraste (CIN). 2. La incidencia de la nefropatia inducida por contraste (CIN) depende de las siguientes caracteristicas del paciente: Niveles de creatinina basales del paciente, APACHE II al ingreso, tratamiento con diureticos, situacion de shock y cifras de hemoglobina 3. La mortalidad e incidencia de la nefropatia inducida por contraste (CIN) es independiente del tipo y dosis de contraste. 4. Las variables predictoras que han resultado con valor pronostico en este estudio observacional de la nefropatia por contraste son: la hemoglobina, la diuresis de 24 horas por kilogramo de peso, el indice APACHE II al ingreso, el logaritmo natural de la cifra de creatinina al alta de la UCI, la utilizacion de acetilcisteina, la utilizacion de farmacos vasoactivos, la utilizacion de diureticos y la existencia como factor de riesgo de shock cardiogenico. 5. De los cuatro modelos predictivos confeccionados con regresion logistica binaria, el que presenta una mayor area bajo la curva ROC (0.76; Intervalos de confianza al 95%: 0.70 - 0.81) es el Modelo CIN Estadistico. Este modelo es tambien el que presenta la mejor grafica de calibracion. 6. Ante estos hallazgos, y de acuerdo con la literatura, consideramos mas apropiado el uso del termino nefropatia asociada al uso del contraste (CA-AKI) en vez del termino (mas extendido) nefropatia inducida por el contraste, puesto que el referido elemento (contraste) no resulta como inductor de la patologia considerada.
Sports Activity After Reconstruction of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus With Autologous Spongiosa Grafts and Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis (2016)

Patients undergoing AMIC repair of an OCLT participate at a similar low postoperative sports and recreational activity level compared with the preoperative level.
Anion recognition by functionalized single wall carbon nanotubes (2003)

Amidoferrocenyl-functionalised single wall carbon nanotubes (Fc-SWNT) are efficient exoreceptors for the redox recognition of H2PO4-.
CRLX101 nanoparticles localize in human tumors and not in adjacent, nonneoplastic tissue after intravenous dosing (2016)

Nanoparticle-based therapeutics are being used to treat patients with solid tumors. Whereas nanoparticles have been shown to preferentially accumulate in solid tumors of animal models, there is little evidence to prove that intact nanoparticles localize to solid tumors of humans when systemically administered. Here, tumor and adjacent, nonneoplastic tissue biopsies are obtained through endoscopic capture from patients with gastric, gastroesophageal, or esophageal cancer who are administered the nanoparticle CRLX101. Both the pre- and postdosing tissue samples adjacent to tumors show no definitive evidence of either the nanoparticle or its drug payload (camptothecin, CPT) contained within the nanoparticle. Similar results are obtained from the predosing tumor samples. However, in nine of nine patients that were evaluated, CPT is detected in the tumor tissue collected 24-48 h after CRLX101 administration. For five of these patients, evidence of the intact deposition of CRLX101 nanoparticles in the tumor tissue is obtained. Indications of CPT pharmacodynamics from tumor biomarkers such as carbonic anhydrase IX and topoisomerase I by immunohistochemistry show clear evidence of biological activity from the delivered CPT in the posttreatment tumors.
50‐1: <i>Invited Paper</i> : Recent Advances in Measuring and Understanding the Influence of Molecular Alignment on the Light Extraction Efficiency of OLEDs (2017)

We review recent progress in controlling the alignment of the transition dipole moment of electroluminescent molecules to maximize the light extraction efficiency in OLEDs. Particular focus devoted to ways of measuring molecular orientation and on linking molecular structure to alignment.
Upper Critical Magnetic Field far above the Paramagnetic Pair-Breaking Limit of Superconducting One-Dimensional<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>Li</mml:mi><mml:mn>0.9</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>Mo</mml:mi><mml:mn>6</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>17</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>Single Crystals (2012)

The upper critical field H(c2) of purple bronze Li0:9Mo6O17 is found to exhibit a large anisotropy, in quantitative agreement with that expected from the observed electrical resistivity anisotropy. With the field aligned along the most conducting axis, H(c2) increases monotonically with decreasing temperature to a value 5 times larger than the estimated paramagnetic pair-breaking field. Theories for the enhancement of H(c2) invoking spin-orbit scattering or strong-coupling superconductivity are shown to be inadequate in explaining the observed behavior, suggesting that the pairing state in Li0:9Mo6O17 is unconventional and possibly spin triplet.
Filament Shape Dependent Reset Behavior Governed by the Interplay between the Electric Field and Thermal Effects in the Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub>/Cu Electrochemical Metallization Device (2017)

The electrochemical metallization (ECM) cell is a feasible contender for high density resistance switching random access memory or neuromorphic devices. This work elucidates the detailed switching model based on the Cu conducting filament (CF) configuration and the interplay between the Joule heating and electric field effects in the Pt/TiO 2 /Cu ECM cell, which can explain the switching behaviors both in accordance and discordance with the conventional ECM theory. The Cu CF configuration is varied from the conventional conical one for a small compliance current ( I cc , ≈1 mA) to the hourglass or even cylindrical one by adopting a high I cc value (≈30 mA). The rupture process of the Cu CF can be precisely modeled by considering the mutual constructive interference or the competition between the Joule heating and electric field effects for the rupture and rejuvenation of the Cu CF. These models are supported by an extensive thermal‐field simulation in 2D, and an hourglass‐shaped CF is identified by transmission electron microscopy, which is in accordance with the suggested model with a moderate I cc . The detailed geometry of the formed CF and relative bias polarity during the reset step play a critical role in determining the bipolar or unipolar switching mode.
Information Filtering, Novelty Detection, and Named-Page Finding. (2002)

In TREC 11, our group participated in the Novelty track, Filtering track, and the Named-Page Finding task of the Web track. This paper describes our approaches, experiments, and results. As the approach for each task is quite different, the paper contains a section for each of the tasks. The following section describes our experiments in adaptive filtering, Section 3
Beneficial effect of polyclonal immunoglobulins from malaria‐infected BALB/c mice on the lupus‐like syndrome of (NZB × NZW)F1 mice (1994)

We previously reported that infection of BALB/c mice with the parasite Plasmodium chabaudi induces high production of natural autoantibodies. Here we demonstrate that such an infection of lupus-prone (NZB x NZW)F1 (B/W) mice retards the development of their autoimmune disease. Survival and disease hallmarks (high-grade proteinuria and IgG anti-DNA antibodies) were delayed for 6 months when parasite inoculation was given at either 3 or 7 months of age, i.e. before or after the onset of the clinical symptoms. Similar beneficial effects, although less pronounced, were obtained when mice were treated with a total of 800 micrograms of IgG (P-IgG) or IgM (P-IgM) or 300 micrograms of cryoglobulin preparations isolated from P. chabaudi-infected BALB/c mice while similarly prepared fractions from uninfected mice had little effect. Compared to these fractions, P-IgG and P-IgM contained higher levels of natural antibodies bearing the D23 idiotype characteristic of polyreactive natural autoantibodies with enhanced activity against Fab and Fc fragments of IgG. In surviving mice, the level of anti-DNA antibodies, particularly those of IgG1 isotype, were significantly decreased. Flow cytometric analysis of various T cell subsets showed that the number of cells expressing gamma delta T cell receptor (TcR) antigens which did not vary with age was not modified after P-IgG or P-IgM treatment. In contrast, the number of T cells expressing V beta 8.1,2,V beta 10 and V beta 14 TcR antigens, which increased with age, were significantly reduced. Taken together, these results indicate that parasite infection of mice induces the synthesis of populations of IgM and IgG natural autoantibodies with immunoregulatory properties and that these antibodies attempt, at least transitorily, to rescue a natural autoantibody network that is deficient in B/W mice.
Chiral N-Acetyl Selone-Promoted Aldol Reactions (2009)

Abstract The chiral oxazolidineselone functionality was found to be an excellent partner in the stereospecific acetate aldol reaction with aldehydes via the titanium enolates. Good stereocontrol was obtained as determined by NMR spectroscopy. The oxazolidineselone also provided a straightforward way to establish the stereopurity of the coupling reaction through 77Se NMR spectroscopy.
TiC-reinforced 304L-stainless steel-matrix composites via reactive sintering (2000)

Composites comprised of a 304L-stainless steel matrix, reinforced with upwards of 60 volume percent (vol%) TiC particles were produced by sintering mixtures of 304L-stainless steel powders, titanium and graphite powders. Cold pressed powder compacts reinforced with 0, 20, 30, 40, 60 or 100 vol% TiC particles were vacuum sintered at 1200°C for 15 minutes. The influence of heating rate (2 or 15°C/min on the composite microstructure was examined. In general, the reactive sintered densities of the composites were between those of the relatively dense monolithic 304LSS and porous monolithic TiC. Composite sintered at the lower heating rate were more dense than corresponding composites sintered at faster rates. This was attributed to the volatilization of gaseous species in the powder compacts during reactive sintering.
Noninvasive depth estimation using tissue optical properties and a dual-wavelength fluorescent molecular probe in vivo (2017)

Translation of fluorescence imaging using molecularly targeted imaging agents for real-time assessment of surgical margins in the operating room requires a fast and reliable method to predict tumor depth from planar optical imaging. Here, we developed a dual-wavelength fluorescent molecular probe with distinct visible and near-infrared excitation and emission spectra for depth estimation in mice and a method to predict the optical properties of the imaging medium such that the technique is applicable to a range of medium types. Imaging was conducted at two wavelengths in a simulated blood vessel and an <i>in vivo</i> tumor model. Although the depth estimation method was insensitive to changes in the molecular probe concentration, it was responsive to the optical parameters of the medium. Results of the intra-tumor fluorescent probe injection showed that the average measured tumor sub-surface depths were 1.31 ± 0.442 mm, 1.07 ± 0.187 mm, and 1.42 ± 0.182 mm, and the average estimated sub-surface depths were 0.97 ± 0.308 mm, 1.11 ± 0.428 mm, 1.21 ± 0.492 mm, respectively. Intravenous injection of the molecular probe allowed for selective tumor accumulation, with measured tumor sub-surface depths of 1.28 ± 0.168 mm, and 1.50 ± 0.394 mm, and the estimated depths were 1.46 ± 0.314 mm, and 1.60 ± 0.409 mm, respectively. Expansion of our technique by using material optical properties and mouse skin optical parameters to estimate the sub-surface depth of a tumor demonstrated an agreement between measured and estimated depth within 0.38 mm and 0.63 mm for intra-tumor and intravenous dye injections, respectively. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of dual-wavelength imaging for determining the depth of blood vessels and characterizing the sub-surface depth of tumors <i>in vivo</i>.
SignalPlant: an open signal processing software platform (2016)

The growing technical standard of acquisition systems allows the acquisition of large records, often reaching gigabytes or more in size as is the case with whole-day electroencephalograph (EEG) recordings, for example. Although current 64-bit software for signal processing is able to process (e.g. filter, analyze, etc) such data, visual inspection and labeling will probably suffer from rather long latency during the rendering of large portions of recorded signals. For this reason, we have developed SignalPlant-a stand-alone application for signal inspection, labeling and processing. The main motivation was to supply investigators with a tool allowing fast and interactive work with large multichannel records produced by EEG, electrocardiograph and similar devices. The rendering latency was compared with EEGLAB and proves significantly faster when displaying an image from a large number of samples (e.g. 163-times faster for 75 × 10(6) samples). The presented SignalPlant software is available free and does not depend on any other computation software. Furthermore, it can be extended with plugins by third parties ensuring its adaptability to future research tasks and new data formats.
Luminal progenitor and fetal mammary stem cell expression features predict breast tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (2015)

Mammary gland morphology and physiology are supported by an underlying cellular differentiation hierarchy. Molecular features associated with particular cell types along this hierarchy may contribute to the biological and clinical heterogeneity observed in human breast carcinomas. Investigating the normal cellular developmental phenotypes in breast tumors may provide new prognostic paradigms, identify new targetable pathways, and explain breast cancer subtype etiology. We used transcriptomic profiles coming from fluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) normal mammary epithelial cell types from several independent human and murine studies. Using a meta-analysis approach, we derived consensus gene signatures for both species and used these to relate tumors to normal mammary epithelial cell phenotypes. We then compiled a dataset of breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant anthracycline and taxane chemotherapy regimens to determine if normal cellular traits predict the likelihood of a pathological complete response (pCR) in a multivariate logistic regression analysis with clinical markers and genomic features such as cell proliferation. Most human and murine tumor subtypes shared some, but not all, features with a specific FACS-purified normal cell type; thus for most tumors a potential distinct cell type of 'origin' could be assigned. We found that both human luminal progenitor and mouse fetal mammary stem cell features predicted pCR sensitivity across all breast cancer patients even after controlling for intrinsic subtype, proliferation, and clinical variables. This work identifies new clinically relevant gene signatures and highlights the value of a developmental biology perspective for uncovering relationships between tumor subtypes and their potential normal cellular counterparts.
Seasonal Variations and Associated Factors of Gout Attacks: a Prospective Multicenter Study in Korea (2020)

In this prospective study, the most common season and month of gout attacks in Korea are spring and March, respectively. Alcohol is the most common provoking factor, particularly during summer. Diurnal temperature changes on the day of the attack and humidity changes from the day before the attack to the day of the attack are associated with gout attack in our cohort.
Compiling for the Impulse Memory Controller (2001)

Abstract: The Impulse memory controller provides an interface for remapping irregular or sparse memory accesses into dense accesses in the cache memory. This capability significantly increases processor cache and system bus utilization, and previous work shows performance improvements from a factor of 1.2 to 5 with current technology models for hand-coded kernels in a cycle-level simulator. To attain widespread use of any specialized hardware feature requires automating its use in a compiler. In this paper, we present compiler cost models using dependence and locality analysis that determine when to use Impulse to improve performance based on the reduction in misses, the additional cost for misses in Impulse, and the fixed cost for setting up a remapping. We implement the cost models and generate the appropriate Impulse system calls in the Scale compiler framework. Our results demonstrate that our cost models correctly choose when and when not to use Impulse. We also combine and compare Impulse with our implementation of loop permutation for improving locality. If loop permutation can achieve the same dense access pattern as Impulse, we prefer it, since it has no overheads, but we show that the combination can yield better performance.