gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Systematic Mapping of Icosahedral Short-Range Order in a Melt-Spun<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>Zr</mml:mi><mml:mn>36</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>Cu</mml:mi><mml:mn>64</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>Metallic Glass (2013)

By analyzing the angular correlations in scanning electron nanodiffraction patterns from a melt-spun Zr(36)Cu(64) glass, the dominant local order was identified as icosahedral clusters. Mapping the extent of this icosahedral short-range order demonstrates that the medium-range order in this material is consistent with a face-sharing or interpenetrating configuration. These conclusions support results from atomistic modeling and a structural basis for the glass formability of this system.
Coupling Electrocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction with Thermocatalysis Enables the Formation of a Lactone Monomer (2021)

Carbonylation reactions that generate high-value chemical feedstocks are integral to the formation of many industrially significant compounds. However, these processes require the use of CO, which is invariably derived from fossil-fuel-reforming reactions. CO may also be generated through the electroreduction of CO<sub>2</sub> , but the coupling of these two processes is yet to be considered. Merging electrocatalytic reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to CO with thermocatalytic use of CO would expand the range of the chemicals produced from CO<sub>2</sub> . This work describes the development of a system coupling a high-pressure CO<sub>2</sub> electrolytic cell containing a bimetallic ZnAg catalyst at the cathode for production of CO with a reactor with a Faradaic efficiency of >90 % where high pressure CO is used for carbonylating propylene oxide into β-butyrolactone by thermal catalysis, the latter step having a reaction yield above 80 %. Although the production of monomers and polymers from CO<sub>2</sub> is currently limited to organic carbonates, this strategy opens up the access to lactones from CO<sub>2</sub> , for the formation of polyesters.
Irreversible Deposition of Colloidal Particles on an Inclined Plane in a Closed Vessel (1997)

The irreversible deposition of particles on an inclined plane in a closed vessel is investigated for the first time. It is found that, in contrast to expectations, the density of adsorbed particles is not uniform over the plane, but increases from the top to the bottom of the cell. Different deposition behavior is observed as a function of the deposition angle. This can be explained by a collective movement of the particles along the deposition plane which also induces a movement of the fluid in the cell, giving rise to the so-called Boycott effect. These are the first experiments demonstrating that this large-scale fluid movement is important at low particle concentrations, as well as at the very high particle concentrations that have been extensively studied elsewhere. The structure of the assembly of deposited particles on the surface has also been investigated and qualitatively compared to predictions of simple deposition models under gravity field and fluid flow. To this end, modified distribution functions sensitive to the asymmetry of the structure have been introduced. These reveal that in a zeroth order approximation, the structure corresponds to a simple ballistic deposition model. However, a slight asymmetry in the structure is revealed. These modified distribution functions are thus a useful new tool to examine slight structural asymmetries in layers of deposited particles.
Energy Consumption of Networked Embedded Systems (2015)

The Web of Things (WoT) defines the idea of addressing and requesting any surrounding connected device through Web applications. These devices are for a large part, tiny, wireless and mostly battery-powered. Therefore, energy represents a critical limiting resource for their large scale deployment in real life applications, such as smart cities or smart buildings. Consequently, the ability to measure, track and finely profile energy consumption of such devices and correlate it with the application driving the device functionalities is a big challenge to improve the development of WoT embedded applications. In this paper, we present our recent ongoing works on energy consumption measurement of networked embedded applications for the WoT area. More particularly, we focus on measuring energy consumption of the well-known Contiki Operating System HTTP Web server using two measurement methods, a simulation based method and a real world software based measurement method. Doing this, we quantify and model the gap existing between the simulation and the real world regarding network embedded applications, such as embedded Web servers. Afterwards, we describe our aims in using a real world hardware energy consumption measurement method and profile a home-made embedded Web server prototype called Smews. This latter could theoretically improve performances and power consumption of WoT applications relying on TCP/IP protocol.
Effect of Maize Lines on Larval Fitness Costs of Cry1F Resistance in the European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) (2014)

Crops producing insecticidal toxins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are widely planted and enable management of key insect pests while reducing the use of conventional insecticides. However, the evolution of Bt resistance could diminish these benefits. Fitness costs of Bt resistance occur in the absence of Bt toxin when individuals with resistance alleles show a reduction in fitness relative to susceptible individuals, and they can delay the evolution of resistance. Ecological factors including host-plant variety can affect the magnitude of fitness costs, and consequently, the degree to which fitness costs delay resistance. In this study, we measured fitness costs of resistance to Bt toxin Cry1F in the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) using Cry1F-resistant and Cry1F-susceptible strains sharing a similar genetic background. Fitness costs were tested on three lines of maize, Zea mays L., by measuring larval survival and development in two greenhouse experiments with plants in either the vegetative or reproductive stage. Both experiments showed that maize line significantly affected larval survival and developmental rate. However, larval survival, mass, and developmental rate did not differ between the Cry1F-resistant and susceptible strains, indicating a lack of fitness costs of resistance to Cry1F for the larval fitness components measured in this experiment. Future experiments should test for fitness costs of Cry1F resistance affecting survival to adulthood and adult life-history parameters.
DELAYED-TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY-LIKE MECHANISMS DOMINATE LATE ACUTE REJECTION EPISODES IN RENAL ALLOGRAFT RECIPIENTS1,2 (1996)

Episodes of acute rejection (aRx) may occur in functional renal allografts even at a very late stage post-Tx. Histopathology in early and late aRx looks quite similar--however, there is a slower deterioration of graft function in late aRx, suggesting that pathogenetic immune mechanisms are different. In order to investigate this phenomenon we studied the gene expression pattern (IL-1beta, 2, 4, 8, 10, IFNgamma, TNFalpha, GrnA, IL-2R p55/p75) in PBMC and core biopsies from long-term renal allograft recipients with histologically proven late aRx and compared it with transplant and non-transplant controls using a semiquantitative RT-PCR technique. PBMC and graft-infiltrating cells of patients with late aRx showed an upregulation, especially of IFN-gamma, IL-4, IL-10, and TNFalpha transcripts. While IL-2 mRNA was only detected in PBMC of two patients with late aRx who were not on cyclosporine, upregulation of intragraft IL-2 mRNA allowed the best discrimination between aRx and the other groups (sensitivity: 83%, specificity: 93%). In contrast to several reports on early Rx we did not notice an elevation of granzyme A transcripts in comparison with the controls, suggesting that cell-mediated inflammatory processes (CD4+ T cell-mediated DTH) dominate the late aRx, while early aRx is characterized by the additional involvement of cytotoxic T cell response. This may explain the distinct clinical course. Additionally, in a pilot study we successfully treated late aRx in 10/12 patients with the anti-CD 4 mAb, 16H5. Our encouraging therapeutic results underline the pathogenetic role of CD4+ T cells and support our hypothesis on DTH-like mechanisms in late aRx.
On the Reactivity of [(Mes)Os(CO)Cl<sub>2</sub>] Toward Grignard Reagents. Unexpected Formation and X‐ray Crystal Structure of [(Mes)Os(cyclohexene)(CO)] (1991)

Reaction of [(Mes)Os(CO)Cl 2 ] ( 3 ) with PhLi in benzene gives the diphenylosmium compound [(Mes)OsPh 2 (CO)] ( 6 ) whereas with PhMgBr [(Mes)OsPh(CO)Br] ( 7 ) is obtained. Treatment of 3 with TolMgBr in benzene or ether affords almost exclusively the monoaryl complex [(Mes)OsTol(CO)Br] ( 8 ). Compound 3 reacts with C 6 H 11 MgCl to give both [(Mes)Os(C 6 H 11 ) 2 (CO)] ( 9 ) and [(Mes)Os(C 6 H 10 )(CO)] ( 10 ) in 60 and 30% yield, respectively. With C 6 H 11 MgBr, complex 10 is mainly obtained. Reaction of 7 and 8 with Na/Hg in THF/EtOH gives nearly quantitatively the arylhydridoosmium complexes [(Mes)Os‐C 6 H 4 R(CO)H] ( 14 , 15 ). The analogous hydrido methyl compound [(Mes)OsCH 3 (CO)H] ( 13 ) reacts with CCl 4 to produce [(Mes)OsCH 3 (CO)Cl] ( 17 ), which is not accessible from 3 and LiCH 3 or CH 3 MgX. The X‐ray structure analysis of 10 reveals that the cyclohexene is coordinated in the endo configuration.
Anchor-free indoor localization based on floor plan (2016)

Anchor-free indoor localization technique is very attractive in disaster relief applications because it does not need any anchors. However, the existing anchor-free localization methods have limited performance since they do not consider positioning error from indoor walls and high mobility of nodes. In this paper, we propose an RSSI-based indoor anchor-free localization scheme, which utilizes pre-surveyed data on target area to reduce localization error caused by the walls. First, we propose a heuristic localization scheme based on weighted subgraph matching algorithm, which matches the reported RSSI values from nodes with the pre-surveyed data. Then, we determine expected region of nodes with the reported speed values from nodes so as to realize localization for a node with high mobility. Furthermore, we utilize the recursive location filtering method that estimated locations outside the expected region are filtered out, which ensures robust and fast localization. The simulation results show that, compared with other techniques not utilizing anchors, the proposed scheme significantly improves the localization accuracy and reduces the time to find locations of all nodes.
The protein challenge: matching future demand and supply in Indonesia (2021)

Abstract Indonesia has the fourth largest population in the world and in the coming years food production will need to catch up with its growth. To fulfill the protein demand of this growing population, the productivity of the Indonesian agricultural sector should be increased. This can be achieved either by expanding the agricultural land or by increasing the productivity of existing agricultural land and protein use efficiency. An expansion of agricultural land is not always possible or desirable: large parts of Indonesia comprise forest areas, including tropical rain forests. Consequently, the optimization of the use of existing agricultural land is inevitable. The present manuscript describes and discusses the current protein consumption and production in Indonesia. It presents the levels predicted for 2035, which would imply a strong gap between consumption and production. Alternatives therefore need to be considered to avoid protein shortage in the future. These would include the use of new biomass resources, utilization of agricultural residues as alternative protein sources for feed and other nonfood applications, and biorefining of biomass sources. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd
Highly reliable 10‐W X/Ku‐band pHEMT monolithic microwave integrated circuit power amplifier (2016)

In this study, a reliable 10 W high‐power amplifier (HPA) is presented along with its design procedure. Implemented on a 0.25‐μm InGaAs/AlGaAs/GaAs pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (pHEMT) process, the designed HPA achieves power added efficiency (PAE) of more than 33% across the 7.8–12.8 GHz band. The proposed two‐stage PA provides 15 dB large signal gain with an average small‐signal gain of 18 dB. Peak results are achieved at 12.2 GHz with 40.8 dBm output power and 44% PAE. The reliability of the designed HPA is studied in detail along with a thorough discussion of related concerns.
FPGA side-channel receivers (2011)

The popularity of FPGAs is rapidly growing due to the unique advantages that they offer. However, their distinctive features also raise new questions concerning the security and communication capabilities of an FPGA-based hardware platform. In this paper, we explore the some of the limits of FPGA side-channel communication. Specifically, we identify a previously unexplored capability that significantly increases both the potential benefits and risks associated with side-channel communication on an FPGA: an in-device receiver. We designed and implemented three new communication mechanisms: speed modulation, timing modulation and pin hijacking. These non-traditional interfacing techniques have the potential to provide reliable communication with an estimated maximum bandwidth of 3.3 bit/sec, 8 Kbits/sec, and 3.4 Mbits/sec, respectively.
Floating Gate Memory with Biomineralized Nanodots Embedded in High-<i>k</i>Gate Dielectric (2009)

The memory properties of a nanodot-type floating gate memory with Co bio-nanodots (Co-BNDs) embedded in HfO2 were investigated. High-density and uniform Co-BNDs were adsorbed on the HfO2 tunnel oxide using ferritin. The fabricated metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) capacitor exhibited a capacitance–voltage (C–V) curve with large hysteresis. The memory window size was 30 times higher than that of the MOS capacitor with a SiO2 gate oxide. Not only a large memory window but also excellent charge retention and reliability characteristics were obtained for a MOS field-effect transistor (MOSFET). This research confirmed that the proposed memory is promising for use in next-generation memory devices.
Detection of Inflammatory Arthritis by Using Hyperpolarized<sup>13</sup>C-Pyruvate with MR Imaging and Spectroscopy (2011)

These results suggest that alterations in the conversion of pyruvate to lactate as detected with (13)C-MR spectroscopy may be indicative of the presence of inflammatory arthritis.
Localization of IFN-gamma receptor in first trimester placenta to trophoblasts but lack of stimulation of HLA-DRA, -DRB, or invariant chain mRNA expression by IFN-gamma (1992)

Trophoblasts do not express MHC class II Ag on their cell surface, but it is not known at which level the regulation of expression of these IFN-gamma-responsive genes occurs. We localized the IFN-gamma R Ag to the trophoblasts of normal human first trimester placenta. As previously shown, treatment with IFN-gamma of short term cultures of placental explants did not induce expression of HLA-DR Ag in trophoblasts. We demonstrated that in situ hybridization with probes for DRA, DRB, and MHC class II-associated invariant chain genes gave no detectable signals for the presence of the corresponding mRNA in cytotrophoblasts or syncytiotrophoblasts of first trimester placenta with or without IFN-gamma. Maternal leukocytes in these placental preparations as well as IFN-gamma-treated HeLa cell control cultures expressed these mRNA. In addition, Northern analysis of RNA isolated from the trophoblast cell line Jar after treatment with IFN-gamma showed that induction of transcription did not occur from the HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB, or invariant chain genes. Jar cells expressed the IFN-gamma R Ag. These data suggest that down-regulation of MHC class II Ag on trophoblasts in the first trimester placenta and in a cell line include a lack of productive intracellular signaling by the IFN-gamma R and maintenance, in a coordinate manner, of low steady state levels of the mRNA encoded by the DRA, DRB, and invariant chain genes.
Photoluminescence and far-infrared absorption in Si-doped self-organized InAs quantum dots (1997)

We report far-infrared absorption in directly doped self-organized InAs quantum dots. Photoluminescence spectra demonstrate a blue shift in peak intensity for increasing doping in the quantum dots. Far-infrared absorption measurements using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer show absorption in the range of 13–18 μm for quantum dots with Al0.15Ga0.85As and GaAs as the barrier material.
Genetic mutation analysis at early stages of cell line development using next generation sequencing (2016)

A central goal for most biopharmaceutical companies is to reduce the development timeline to reach clinical proof of concept. This objective requires the development of tools that ensure the quality of biotherapeutic material destined for the clinic. Recent advances in high throughput protein analytics provide confidence in our ability to assess productivity and product quality attributes at early stages of cell line development. However, one quality attribute has, until recently, been absent from the standard battery of analytical tests facilitating informed choices early in cell line selection: genetic sequence confirmation. Techniques historically used for mutation analysis, such as detailed mass spectrometry, have limitations on the sample number and turnaround times making it less attractive at early stages. Thus, we explored the utility of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) as a solution to address these limitations. Amplicon sequencing is one such NGS technique that is robust, rapid, sensitive, and amenable to multiplexing, all of which are essential attributes for our purposes. Here we report a NGS method based upon amplicon sequencing that has been successfully incorporated into our cell line development workflow alongside other high-throughput protein analytical assays. The NGS method has demonstrated its value by identifying at least one Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) clone expressing a variant form of the biotherapeutic in each of the four clinical programs in which it has been utilized. We believe this sequence confirmation method is essential to safely accelerating the time to clinical proof of concept of biotherapeutics, and guard against delays related to sequence mutations. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 32:813-817, 2016.
Optimizing Fully Anisotropic Elastic Propagation on 2nd Generation Intel Xeon Phi Processors (2017)

Summary This work shows several optimization strategies evaluated and applied to an elastic wave propagation engine, based on a Fully Staggered Grid, running on the latest Intel Xeon Phi processors, the second generation of the product (code-named Knights Landing). Our fully optimized code shows a speed-up of about 4x when compared with the same algorithm optimized for the previous generation processor.
Detection of a Stroke Volume Decrease by Machine-Learning Algorithms Based on Thoracic Bioimpedance in Experimental Hypovolaemia (2022)

Compensated shock and hypovolaemia are frequent conditions that remain clinically undetected and can quickly cause deterioration of perioperative and critically ill patients. Automated, accurate and non-invasive detection methods are needed to avoid such critical situations. In this experimental study, we aimed to create a prediction model for stroke volume index (SVI) decrease based on electrical cardiometry (EC) measurements. Transthoracic echo served as reference for SVI assessment (SVI-TTE). In 30 healthy male volunteers, central hypovolaemia was simulated using a lower body negative pressure (LBNP) chamber. A machine-learning algorithm based on variables of EC was designed. During LBNP, SVI-TTE declined consecutively, whereas the vital signs (arterial pressures and heart rate) remained within normal ranges. Compared to heart rate (AUC: 0.83 (95% CI: 0.73-0.87)) and systolic arterial pressure (AUC: 0.82 (95% CI: 0.74-0.85)), a model integrating EC variables (AUC: 0.91 (0.83-0.94)) showed a superior ability to predict a decrease in SVI-TTE ≥ 20% (<i>p</i> = 0.013 compared to heart rate, and <i>p</i> = 0.002 compared to systolic blood pressure). Simulated central hypovolaemia was related to a substantial decline in SVI-TTE but only minor changes in vital signs. A model of EC variables based on machine-learning algorithms showed high predictive power to detect a relevant decrease in SVI and may provide an automated, non-invasive method to indicate hypovolaemia and compensated shock.
Reinforcement Learning on Variable Impedance Controller for High-Precision Robotic Assembly (2019)

Precise robotic manipulation skills are desirable in many industrial settings, reinforcement learning (RL) methods hold the promise of acquiring these skills autonomously. In this paper, we explicitly consider incorporating operational space force/torque information into reinforcement learning; this is motivated by humans heuristically mapping perceived forces to control actions, which results in completing high-precision tasks in a fairly easy manner. Our approach combines RL with force/torque information by incorporating a proper operational space force controller; where we also exploit different ablations on processing this information. Moreover, we propose a neural network architecture that generalizes to reasonable variations of the environment. We evaluate our method on the open-source Siemens Robot Learning Challenge, which requires precise and delicate force-controlled behavior to assemble a tight-fit gear wheel set.
&lt;title&gt;Effect of numerical aperture and partial coherence to the resist sidewall angle&lt;/title&gt; (1996)

The modeling of the resist development is an important tool in the study of lithography. Many papers reported the importance of the develop rate change near the resist surface, but Mack's lumped parameter model ignored the develop rate change near the resist surface and they treated the absorption coefficient as a constant. We included the resist surface effect by changing the absorption coefficient as a function of resist depth and we can predict more realistic resist sidewall angle near the resist surface. We also noticed that the resist sidewall angle can be changed by numerical aperture and partial coherence variation. Higher numerical aperture and smaller partial coherence give not only better resolution at the resist bottom, but also more vertical sidewall angle around the resist surface.