gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Development of Bioglass Ceramics for Medical Applications (1987)

Abstract The enormous progress made in the field of medicine over the past few decades has been partly due to the introduction of new instruments but also a result of the use of new materials. It is impossible to imagine modern medicine without metals, alloys, sintered corundum, organic high polymers (also as composite materials), glassy carbon, etc. Bioglass ceramics open up new possibilities for medical treatment and constitute a new area of research in the natural sciences and medicine. Owing to their widely variable combinations of properties, bioglass ceramics can be more easily adapted to suit medical requirements than can customary implants. Two properties of bioglass ceramics are of primary importance: their biocompatibility, i.e., acceptance of the material by the tissues of the human body without irritation, rejection reactions, or toxic effects; and their bioactivity, i.e., the ability to establish firm intergrowths with tissues of the human body. This property is not shared by any of the classical biomaterials. A wide range of applications is envisaged for the bioglass ceramics that have so far been developed; some are still undergoing animal tests while others are being clinically tested in humans. Possible applications are the replacement of vertebrae and use in the middle ear, throat, nose, and eye, in the entire head region, in the shoulder and leg, and in dental prosthetics, in particular the replacement of dental roots (a hard tissue substitute in the broadest sense of the word). The question as to the behavior of a bone/bioglass ceramic contact or bond on a long‐term scale and on being exposed to varying mechanical stress has still not been satisfactorily answered, because interdisciplinary research in this field is still immature. All observations made so far indicate, however, that the materials do not cause any adverse effects.
Prophylactic Pinning of the Contralateral Hip in Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (2002)

No significant difference in the healing rate was found between the two clinical groups (p = 0.4, beta = 0.9), and the overall healing rate was 92%. However, a two-plate construct with the plates at right angles is mechanically stiffer than a single-plate construct, which might be helpful if rigid stabilization of the humerus at the midshaft level is needed.
KCa3.1 channels are involved in the infiltrative behavior of glioblastoma in vivo (2013)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a diffuse brain tumor characterized by high infiltration in the brain parenchyma rendering the tumor difficult to eradicate by neurosurgery. Efforts to identify molecular targets involved in the invasive behavior of GBM suggested ion channel inhibition as a promising therapeutic approach. To determine if the Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channel KCa3.1 could represent a key element for GBM brain infiltration, human GL-15 cells were xenografted into the brain of SCID mice that were then treated with the specific KCa3.1 blocker TRAM-34 (1-((2-chlorophenyl) (diphenyl)methyl)-1H-pyrazole). After 5 weeks of treatment, immunofluorescence analyses of cerebral slices revealed reduced tumor infiltration and astrogliosis surrounding the tumor, compared with untreated mice. Significant reduction of tumor infiltration was also observed in the brain of mice transplanted with KCa3.1-silenced GL-15 cells, indicating a direct effect of TRAM-34 on GBM-expressed KCa3.1 channels. As KCa3.1 channels are also expressed on microglia, we investigated the effects of TRAM-34 on microglia activation in GL-15 transplanted mice and found a reduction of CD68 staining in treated mice. Similar results were observed in vitro where TRAM-34 reduced both phagocytosis and chemotactic activity of primary microglia exposed to GBM-conditioned medium. Taken together, these results indicate that KCa3.1 activity has an important role in GBM invasiveness in vivo and that its inhibition directly affects glioma cell migration and reduces astrocytosis and microglia activation in response to tumor-released factors. KCa3.1 channel inhibition therefore constitutes a potential novel therapeutic approach to reduce GBM spreading into the surrounding tissue.
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization of a strained stilbene-based macrocyclic monomer (2019)

We report the synthesis of a new class of strained macrocycle that performs well in ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP).
Tracking fish in a school using a broadband split-beam system. (2009)

Split-beam echo-sounder has been an important tool to understand fish behaviors undersea. In the split-beam system, each position of these fishes in three-dimensional space was estimated from delays of echoes and differences of delays between receive channels. To estimate the positions with high spatial resolution, the split-beam system which can emit and receive the broadband signals was constructed. However, in the case of a school of fish, it is difficult to determine accurately delay times of these fish because the echoes are overlapped with one another. To solve this problem, the new method was proposed to estimate delay times of fish by using the onset information of echoes, that is, extracting the steep temporal changes of the envelope pattern computed from the echo waveform. In a water tank experiment, it is examined that a location of a sphere can be accurately estimated by using the proposed method. In the sea, the echoes from schools of fish were measured with this system. It is examined that each location of fish in the three-dimensional space can be estimated and the numbers of fish can be counted. The tracks of the fish can be computed by changes of the fish locations along pings.
Molecular Imaging Without Radiopharmaceuticals? (2009)

The limitations on the sensitivity for detecting small changes in MRI, CT, and ultrasound pulse-echo images are used to estimate the practical requirements for molecular imaging and targeted contrast enhancement for these modalities. These types of imaging are highly unlikely to approach the sensitivity for detecting molecular processes of radionuclear methods, and the prospects for achieving sufficient concentrations of appropriate agents in vivo are poor for several types of applications such as small-molecule targeting of specific receptors. However, using relatively large carrier systems such as particles and liposomes, sufficient concentrations of paramagnetic agents may be delivered to achieve MR-signal changes adequate for detection. The use of higher-resolution MR images will aid the prospects for molecular imaging in small animals. Theoretic considerations also predict that a similar approach, using rather large particles or carriers of materials with a high atomic number, may also be successful for CT, especially with additional developments such as the use of monochromatic x-rays. The prospects of molecular imaging by x-ray imaging may not be as bleak as has been predicted. For ultrasound detection, gas-filled bubbles can provide a sufficient backscattered sound intensity to be detectable at concentrations and sizes not much different from agents designed for these other modalities.
CMOS biochips for hypothesis-driven DNA analysis (2014)

High-throughput and highly multiplexed DNA detection platforms require complex and generally bulky instrumentation to perform sensing, signal conditioning and quantification. Integrated CMOS biosensor arrays (CMOS biochips) have the ability to miniaturize such platforms into portable and low cost point-of-care (PoC) devices, that can be instrumental for the adoption of genomics test in molecular diagnostics (MDx). This paper focuses on CMOS biochips for detecting specific DNA sequences in a sample (i.e., hypothesis-driven analysis) employing DNA hybridization arrays. It examines various aspects of CMOS biochips technology including detection modalities, pixel architectures, ease-of-integration into VLSI processes, and limits of performance.
On User Experience Measurement Needs (2011)

Measurements related to user expectations, behaviors and experiences can provide useful data to many roles and teams in a company. Each role provides different views to the question “what should be measured, and why?” We conducted an empirical study on user experience (UX) measurement needs at different units and levels in one corporate (Nokia) and asked which kinds of UX measurements would be useful for different functions. We identified common UX measurement needs on 8 different themes.
Preclinical and Clinical Efficacy of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Breast Cancer Brain Metastases (2022)

T-DXd demonstrates evidence of CNS activity in HER2-positive and HER2-low PDX models of BCBM and preliminary evidence of clinical efficacy in a multi-institution case series of patients with BCBM. Prospective clinical trials to further evaluate CNS activity of T-DXd in patients with active brain metastases are warranted. See related commentary by Soffietti and Pellerino, p. 8.
Reliability of Normal Findings on MR Imaging for Excluding the Diagnosis of Vasculitis of the Central Nervous System (2001)

MR imaging findings may be negative in the setting of CNS vasculitis confirmed on angiography, indicating that advanced imaging techniques tailored to detect infarction (i.e., fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, diffusion-weighted, and perfusion imaging) may be necessary to enhance the sensitivity of an MR study and that despite the high sensitivity of MR imaging for CNS vasculitis, angiography may still be required to render an accurate diagnosis.
Detection of a diabetic sural nerve from the magnetic field after electric stimulation (2009)

In this study, we proposed a new diagnostic technique for diabetic neuropathy using biomagnetic measurement. Peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes. To examine the injury, the skin potential around the nerve is often measured after electric stimulation. However, measuring the magnetic field may reveal precise condition of the injury. To evaluate the effect of measuring the magnetic field, a simulation study was performed. A diabetic sural nerve was simulated as a bundle of myelinated nerve fibers. Each fiber was modeled as an electric cable of Ranvier’s nodes. Anatomical data were used to determine the number of nerve fibers and distribution of nerve fiber diameters. The electric potential and the magnetic field on the skin after electric stimulation were computed to the boundary element method. Biphasic time courses were obtained as the electric potential and the magnetic flux density at measurement points. In diabetic nerves, the longer interpeak latency of the electric potential wave and the shorter interpeak latency of the magnetic flux wave were obtained. Measuring both the electric potential and the magnetic flux density seemed to provide a noninvasive and objective marker for diabetic neuropathy.
Cellular polypropylene foam films as DC voltage insulation and as piezoelectrets — A comparison (2018)

Polymer foams are in industrial use for several decades. More recently, non-polar polymer foams were found to be piezoelectric (so-called piezoelectrets) after internal electrical charging of the cavities. So far, few studies have been carried out on the electrical-insulation properties of polymer foams. Here, we compare the piezoelectric and the DC-voltage electrical-insulation properties of cellular polypropylene (PP) foams. Their cavity microstructure can be adjusted via inflation in high-pressure nitrogen gas in combination with a subsequent thermal treatment. While inflation is effective for improving the piezoelectricity, it is detrimental for the electrical-insulation properties. The original cellular PP foam shows a breakdown strength of approximately 230 MV/m, within the same range as that of solid PP. The breakdown strength decreases with increasing degree of inflation, and the dependence on the foam thickness follows an inverse power law with an exponent of 1.2. Nevertheless, up to a thickness of 140 μm (3.5 times the original thickness), the breakdown strength of cellular-foam PP films is at least 7 times that of an air gap with the same thickness. In addition, the influence of high temperatures and high humidities on the piezoelectricity and the breakdown strength of cellular PP was studied. It was found that the piezoelectric d33 coefficient decays rapidly already at 70 °C, while the breakdown strength slightly increases during storage at 70 or 90 °C. Under a relative humidity of 95%, the breakdown strength increases with storage time, while the piezoelectric d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">33</sub> coefficient slightly decreases.
Adenosine exerts potent anticancer effects through diverse signaling pathways (2014)

Evidence has shown that extracellular adenosine induces apoptosis in variety of cancer cells, mainly through two pathways: an intrinsic pathway relative to adenosine uptake into the cells, and an extrinsic pathway involving the adenosine receptors. We elucidated the mechanisms underlying the adenosine-induced anticancer effects. Extrinsic pathway analysis showed that extracellular adenosine induces apoptosis in CW2 human colon cancer and RCR-1 rat astrocytoma cells through the A1 adenosine receptor; in Caco-2 human colon cancer and HepG2 human hepatoma cells through the A2a adenosine receptor; and through the A3 adenosine receptor in A549, Lu-65, and SBC-3 human lung cancer cells, RCC4-VHL human renal cancer cells, 5637 human bladder cancer cells, and human malignant pleural mesothelioma cells. In the intrinsic pathways, intracellularly transported adenosine induces apoptosis in GT3-TKB human lung cancer cells, human malignant pleural mesothelioma cells, HuH-7 and HepG2 human hepatoma cells, and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by a) activating AMPK, b) upregulating p53, c) downregulating c-FLIP expression, d) neutralizing caspase-3 inhibition due to inhibition of apoptosis protein (IAP) in cooperation with DIABLO, e) accumulating AMID in the nucleus, f) regulating apoptosis-related gene transcription, or g) promoting GATA-2-regulated p53 gene transcription. Adenosine exerts its anticancer action on a wide variety of cancer cell types through diverse signaling pathways. Therefore, adenosine and its signaling cascades can be useful as possible targets in the development of promising anticancer therapies.
Lab on Chip 3D Holographic Imaging (2014)

3D imaging approaches based on holographic modality have been developed for Lab-on-Chip devices. Exploiting Digital Holography features a number of applications are illustrated thus demonstrating its great potentialities as coherent imaging tool for bio-microfluidic platform.
THE FIBRIN DERIVED PEPTIDE B-BETA15-42 AMELIORATES ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY AFTER HEART TRANSPLANTATION IN RATS (2008)

Wiedemann, D1; Schneeberger, S2; Friedl, P3; Wick, N4; Bösch, F2; Zacharovski, K5; Petzelbauer, P3; Margreiter, R2; Laufer, G1; Semsroth, S1 Author Information
Feasibility of human T-lymphotropic virus type I screening using pooled sera. (2002)

In this study, the 50-pooled sera test had higher specificity (100%), but lower sensitivity (77.3%), than the routine HTLV-I screening. Our results suggest that use of a pooling method with five samples would leave a reasonable safety margin and be feasible for HTLV-I mass screening in areas with low seroprevalence for HTLV-I infection.
Thermo-Mechanical Modeling of Process Induced Stress: Layout Effect on Stress Voiding Phenomena (2006)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation V. Fiori, S. Verrier, S. Orain, V. Girault; Thermo‐Mechanical Modeling of Process Induced Stress: Layout Effect on Stress Voiding Phenomena. AIP Conf. Proc. 7 February 2006; 817 (1): 254–261. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2173557 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
High-Pressure Adsorption of Ethylene on Cubic Pt Nanoparticles and Pt(100) Single Crystals Probed by in Situ Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy (2012)

A model catalytic system of a monolayer consisting of 9-nm average size, cubic, single-crystal Pt nanoparticles and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) polymer capping agent deposited on a sapphire prism was investigated by sum-frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy in total internal reflection (TIR) geometry. Exposure of a clean nanoparticle monolayer after removal of PVP by cyclic oxidation–reduction treatment to high-pressure ethylene at room temperature led to the formation of ethylidyne and di-σ bonded ethylene. Low-pressure ethylene adsorption on a pseudohexagonal reconstructed Pt(100) single crystal resulted only in the formation of di-σ bonded ethylene. High-pressure adsorption of ethylene on Pt nanoparticle monolayers and Pt(100) led to the formation of both ethylidyne and di-σ bonded ethylene and stabilized the pseudohexagonal reconstruction of Pt(100) on both the single crystal and the surface of clean cubic nanoparticles. Restructuring of the PVP layer caused by CO adsorption indicated a small fraction of the Pt surface was available for adsorption. The stretching frequency of linear-bound CO red-shifted relative to CO adsorption on a clean Pt nanoparticle monolayer. PVP reversibly restructured upon the removal of CO by oxidation at room temperature. After the near complete removal of PVP by a cyclic low-temperature oxidation–reduction process, the peak position of the linear-bound CO blue-shifted to a frequency consistent with the adsorption of CO on a clean Pt surface. The successful application of TIR-SFG to catalytically relevant surfaces under high-pressure conditions demonstrated in this study is a significant advance in the detection of surface intermediates.
Dry Cleaning Technology for Removal of Silicon Native Oxide Employing Hot NH<sub>3</sub>/NF<sub>3</sub>Exposure (2002)

A new dry cleaning technology for removal of silicon (Si) native oxides from contact holes employing a hot ammonium (NH3)/nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) mixture has been studied. The NH3/NF3 mixture heated at a high temperature in a quartz tube enabled etching of the silicon dioxide (SiO2) film placed in the downstream region. The mechanism of the etching reaction which was investigated using in-situ infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis was revealed as follows: NF3 alone in the NH3/NF3 mixture was decomposed above 600°C, probably producing NFx (x=1, 2) and fluorine atoms. These active species reacted with NH3, thereby generating ammonium hydrogen fluoride (NH4F ·HF) and/or ammonium fluoride (NH4F) in the gas phase which are considered to be SiO2 etchants. The reaction of these molecules with SiO2 generated an ammonium hexafluorosilicate ((NH4)2SiF6) product on the Si surface which was liberated at a temperature above 70°C, leaving the hydrogen terminated surface. The application of this method to actual contact holes demonstrated successful removal of the Si native oxide grown on the Si surface at the hole bottom.
Does plasma transferrin regulate iron absorption? (1985)

It has been suggested that transferrin that has recently donated its iron to receptor sites is 'activated' to take up iron more avidly from donor tissues. The hypothesis was tested in vitro in a system in which use was made of the different electrophoretic mobilities of normal and desialated transferrin. Recently desaturated transferrin and native apotransferrin were added in equal amounts to a solution of radioactive ferric citrate to produce various end saturations. The resultant mixture was electrophoresed on 5.4% polyacrilamide gel, which was then sliced and counted for 59Fe counts. The size of the 2 radioactive peaks was then compared and expressed as a ratio. Using this in vitro system no supporting evidence could be found for the hypothesis that diferric transferrin which has just donated its iron is able to bind available iron more avidly than native apotransferrin.
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) exerts cardioprotective effects in ischemia/reperfusion injury when given at reperfusion (2007)

Myocardial ischemia followed by reperfusion (I/R) in the presence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) results in a marked cardiac contractile dysfunction. The effects of BH4 (cofactor of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase) or dihydrobiopterin (BH2, i.e., oxidized BH4) were examined in isolated ischemic (20 min) and reperfused (45 min) rat hearts reperfused with PMNs. I/R+PMN hearts perfused with BH4 (10μM) during the first 5 min of reperfusion (n=6), left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) significantly recovered to 85±8% of baseline compared to control I/R+PMN hearts (53±7%, n=9) at 45 min post-reperfusion (P<0.01). Moreover, the cardioprotection of BH4 was blocked by a NO synthase inhibitor NG–nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (50 μM). By contrast, I/R+PMN hearts perfused with BH2 (100 μM, n=7), LVDP only recovered to 64±9% of baseline, which was similar to control I/R + PMN hearts. The effects of BH4 and BH2 on I/R+PMN cardiac contractile function may be correlated with increased endothelial NO release by BH4 and decreased NO release by BH2, respectively, from non ischemic rat aortic segments. In summary, our preliminary data show that BH4, not BH2, significantly attenuates PMN-induced decreased LVDP following I/R, suggesting that hearts receiving BH4 during the first 5 min of reperfusion may promote eNOS to produce NO to maintain endothelial function to limit reperfusion injury. This study was supported by NHLBI Grant 1R15HL-76235-01 and Center For Chronic Disorders Of Aging. Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine.
ω-Inductive completion of monoidal categories and infinite petri net computations (1993)

There exists a KZ-doctrine on the 2-category of the locally small categories whose algebras are exactly the categories which admits all the colimits indexed by ω-chains. The paper presents a wide survey of this topic. In addition, we show that this chain cocompletion KZ-doctrine lifts smoothly to KZ-doctrines on (many variations of) the 2-categories of monoidal and symmetric monoidal categories, thus yielding a universal construction of colimits of ω-chains in those categories. Since the processes of Petri nets may be axiomatized in terms of symmetric monoidal categories this result provides a universal construction of the algebra of infinite processes of a Petri net.