gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physically‐based forehead animation including wrinkles (2013)

ABSTRACT Physically‐based animation techniques enable more realistic and accurate animation to be created. We present a fully physically‐based approach for efficiently producing realistic‐looking animations of facial movement, including animation of expressive wrinkles. This involves simulation of detailed voxel‐based models using a graphics processing unit‐based total Lagrangian explicit dynamic finite element solver with an anatomical muscle contraction model, and advanced boundary conditions that can model the sliding of soft tissue over the skull. The flexibility of our approach enables detailed animations of gross and fine‐scale soft‐tissue movement to be easily produced with different muscle structures and material parameters, for example, to animate different aged skins. Although we focus on the forehead, our approach can be used to animate any multi‐layered soft body. © 2014 The Authors. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds published by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
A Study of Thermal Analyses and Fundamental Combustion Characteristics for Animal^|^rsquo;s Waste^|^frasl;Pig Dung (2007)

Biomass utilities for high water content have very important signifi cance close future in Japan. Especially, London treaty for ocean disposal of wastes in 2007-6 has big problems to keep of sustainability provisions supply for our lives. We could calculate to exist total caloric thermal energy 124TJ⁄y (340GJ⁄dZ) in Pig wastes as domestic biomass energy. This study is doing fundamental experimental by thermal decomposition and combustion for Pig wastes. Thermal decomposition analysis investigates for gasifi cation and fi xed carbon combustion characteristics. Fundamental combustion experiment shows time dependent combustion process, ignition process, fl ame process and char combustion process.
MMP and TIMP Expression Pattern in Pleural Effusions of Different Origins (1997)

The matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are proteolytic enzymes that are essentially involved in the turnover of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Their activity is counterbalanced by specific antagonists, the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP). In this study, we sought to analyze the expression of MMP and TIMP isoforms in pleural effusions from 88 patients. We compared MMP and TIMP isoform expression in transudates (n = 21) and exudates (n = 67), the latter divided into exudates of paraneoplastic (n = 46) or parainfectious (n = 21) origin. Zymographic and Western blot analyses revealed constant expression of interstitial collagenase (MMP-1), gelatinase-A (MMP-2), and TIMP-1 in all 88 samples. In contrast, analyses of gelatinase-B (MMP-9) demonstrated a specific expression pattern, with high expression in exudates and lack of expression in transudates. Neutrophil collagenase (MMP-8) was detected in trace amounts, and correlated with the number of neutrophils in the effusion. Low levels of TIMP-2 were detected only in exudates and not in transudates. Quantitative analysis of the expression ratio of gelatinase-B to gelatinase-A revealed statistically significant differences between effusions of different origin. The ratio was highest in exudates of paraneoplastic origin and lowest in transudates. Our data thus suggest that interstitial collagenase, gelatinase-A, and TIMP-1 play a role in homeostasis of the pleural space in vivo as constitutively expressed proteins, whereas gelatinase-B and TIMP-2 expression are induced in specific disease states. These observations contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiology of pleural effusions, and may help to characterize and possibly distinguish effusions of different origin.
Multiple isoforms of the cortisol–cortisone shuttle (1992)

International audience
Synchronous–Asynchronous Digital Voltage-Mode Control for DC–DC Converters (2007)

This paper investigates a mixed synchronous/asynchronous digital voltage-mode controller for DC-DC converters. In the proposed control architecture, the turn-on switching event is determined asynchronously by comparing the converter output voltage and a synchronously generated voltage ramp driven by the digital control using a low-resolution digital-to-analog converter. Switch turn-off is determined synchronously by the system clock. In the proposed approach, the derivative action of the proportional-integral-derivative voltage-mode controller is inherently obtained by the frequency modulation, without requiring the digital computation of the derivative action. A simplified small-signal model is also derived in order to analyze the performance achievable by the proposed solution. This control architecture features good dynamic performance, and frequency modulation during transients. Simulation and experimental results on a synchronous buck converter, where the digital control has been implemented in field programmable gate array, confirm the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
SARA A Software Reuse Architecture for Building Expert WorkFlow Systems (1998)

SARA is an advanced Smalltalk architecture for building product model based work process assistance systems. Since 1996, SARA has been successfully used for building several mission-critical applications. The largest fielded system to date is for handling the processes of criminal proceedings in the Norwegian Police, with 8000 users. The flexibility of the Smalltalk language and environment has allowed our teams of experienced object-oriented software developers and knowledge engineers to prototype and introduce new solution concepts and AI mechanisms in the context of real world development projects. SARA supports distributed transaction handling and server-based execution in a distributed object-oriented architecture. It comes with a set of frameworks, components and patterns, and is supported by tools, methods and training programs. AI mechanisms include an agent framework, a rule inference engine and a workflow/work process execution engine.
NATIVE PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE CONTRIBUTES TO RENAL TRANSPLANT RENOVASCULAR DISEASE (1998)

288 Renal transplant artery stenosis (RTAS) is a relatively rare complication of renal transplantation, especially with the current techniques for vascular anastomoses. However, older patients (pts) prone to peripheral vascular disease (PVD), are more frequently being considered as candidates for renal transplantation. PVD involving the iliac system in this context can mimic RTAS (pseudoRTAS) and detrimentally affect graft function. We retrospectively analyzed 819 pts who underwent primary and non-primary kidney transplantation alone between 1993 and 1997 to determine the extent of pseudoRTAS. The population consisted of 506 M and 313 F. 92 pts (11.2%), suspected of having RTAS with new onset lower extremity edema and an increase in serum creatinine(Cr) underwent angiography (Agram) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). 4 pts underwent Agram or MRA involving the transplant renal artery for other reasons. RTAS or pseudoRTAS was defined as one or more hemodynamically significant lesions in the renal transplant artery or iliac system diagnosed by Agram or MRA. PseudoRTAS or RTAS was evident in 44 pts (5.4%), including 5 pts with pseudoRTAS and RTAS, 15 with pseudoRTAS, and 24 with RTAS. The recipient factor most significantly associated with RTAS and pseudoRTAS was increased weight at time of transplant (p < 0.0009). Other recipient factors that were associated with RTAS or pseudoRTAS included:Table There was no significant association between RTAS or pseudoRTAS and race, pre-transplant dialysis modality, use of cyclosporine, FK506 or MMF, CMV infection, PRA, or HLA matching. In evaluating donor variables, available for 491 cadaveric transplants in this group, only older donor age was significantly associated with RTAS or pseudoRTAS (p < 0.0005). These data suggest that ischemic renal disease in renal transplant recipients may be increasing in incidence, taking on a new guise encompassing RTAS and pre-existing PVD that acts as pseudoRTAS.
Surface Nonlinear Vibrational Spectroscopy of Energetic Materials:  HMX (2007)

The surfaces of solution-grown β-HMX (β-octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine) crystals were studied using vibrational sum-frequency generation spectroscopy (SFG). In earlier work (Kim, H.; Lagutchev, A.; Dlott, D. D. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 2005, 31, 116), such SFG spectra evidenced considerable variability as the ∼200-μm diameter laser beam was translated over crystal surfaces. We have now found this variability results from ubiquitous small deposits of δ-HMX on the surface of β-HMX single crystals. SFG is a selective probe of molecules in noncentrosymmetric environments. Since β-HMX is centrosymmetric, only the surface is SFG-active; however, δ-HMX is noncentrosymmetric, so a tiny δ-HMX deposit on a β-HMX surface could dominate the SFG spectrum. We have found that rapid evaporation from tiny droplets of HMX solution produces only δ-HMX, presumably because the polar boat conformation of δ-HMX is stabilized in solution. We believe the δ-HMX deposits are created by the rapid drying of droplets of mother liquor clinging to solution-grown crystal surfaces. In this paper, we present SFG spectra of δ-HMX nanocrystals and β-HMX surfaces in the CH-stretch and NO2-stretch regions. Through an analysis of the β-HMX/δ-HMX SFG intensity ratios and the surface variability, we deduce that the δ-HMX deposits we observe have dimensions of a few micrometers and a mean surface coverage that, depending on crystal growth conditions, ranges from 0.1 to 1 μg/cm2. The implications of these δ-HMX sites for energetic material performance are discussed briefly.
Advantages of a Photodiode Detector Endoscopy System in Fluorescence-Guided Percutaneous Liver Biopsies (2023)

Image-guided liver biopsies can improve their success rate when combined with the optical detection of Indocyanine Green (ICG) fluorescence accumulated in tumors. Previous works used a camera coupled to a thin borescope to capture and quantify images from fluorescence emission during procedures; however, light-scattering prevented the formation of sharp images, and the time response for weakly fluorescent tumors was very low. Instead, replacing the camera with a photodiode detector shows an improved temporal resolution in a more compact and lighter device. This work presents the new design in a comparative study between both detection technologies, including an assessment of the temporal response and sensitivity to the presence of background fluorescence.
A Communal Bacterial Adhesin Anchors Biofilm and Bystander Cells to Surfaces (2011)

While the exopolysaccharide component of the biofilm matrix has been intensively studied, much less is known about matrix-associated proteins. To better understand the role of these proteins, we undertook a proteomic analysis of the V. cholerae biofilm matrix. Here we show that the two matrix-associated proteins, Bap1 and RbmA, perform distinct roles in the biofilm matrix. RbmA strengthens intercellular attachments. In contrast, Bap1 is concentrated on surfaces where it serves to anchor the biofilm and recruit cells not yet committed to the sessile lifestyle. This is the first example of a biofilm-derived, communally synthesized conditioning film that stabilizes the association of multilayer biofilms with a surface and facilitates recruitment of planktonic bystanders to the substratum. These studies define a novel paradigm for spatial and functional differentiation of proteins in the biofilm matrix and provide evidence for bacterial cooperation in maintenance and expansion of the multilayer biofilm.
Supplementary Methods from KRas Induces a Src/PEAK1/ErbB2 Kinase Amplification Loop That Drives Metastatic Growth and Therapy Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

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Vaso-occlusion in sickle cell disease: pathophysiology and novel targeted therapies (2013)

Recurrent and unpredictable episodes of vaso-occlusion are the hallmark of sickle cell disease. Symptomatic management and prevention of these events using the fetal hemoglobin-reactivating agent hydroxyurea are currently the mainstay of treatment. Discoveries over the past 2 decades have highlighted the important contributions of various cellular and soluble participants in the vaso-occlusive cascade. The role of these elements and the opportunities for therapeutic intervention are summarized in this review.
Effect of cooled intraocular irrigatingsolution on the blood-aqueous barrier after cataract surgery (1999)

Cooled intraocular irrigating solution reduced immediate postoperative inflammation compared with irrigating solution at room temperature. However, this effect was of short duration.
Laser wavelength effects on the charge state resolved ion energy distributions from laser-produced Sn plasma (2010)

The effects of laser wavelength on the charge state resolved ion energy distributions from laser-produced Sn plasma freely expanding into vacuum are investigated. Planar Sn targets are irradiated at laser wavelengths of 10.6 and 1.064 μm and intensities of 1.8×1010 and 3.4×1011 W/cm2, respectively. These parameters are relevant to the extreme ultraviolet x-ray source application. An electrostatic deflection probe and single channel electron multiplier are used to record the charge state resolved ion energy distributions 100 cm from the laser plasma source. At the longer laser wavelength, higher charge state ions are observed. At both laser wavelengths, the peak ion energies increase approximately linearly as a function of charge state, and all ion energies greatly exceed the initial thermal electron temperature. The differences in the ion energy distributions are attributed to the laser wavelength dependence of the laser energy absorption, the resulting plasma density in the corona, and the subsequent recombination after the laser pulse. Numerical simulations of the plasma expansion from a collisional-radiative steady state model support the experimental results.
Islet hypertrophy following pancreatic disruption of Smad4 signaling (2006)

To investigate the role of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta family signaling in the adult pancreas, a transgenic mouse (E-dnSmad4) was created that expresses a dominant-negative Smad4 protein driven by a fragment of the elastase promoter. Although E-dnSmad4 mice have normal growth, pancreas weight, and pancreatic exocrine and ductal histology, beginning at 4-6 wk of age, E-dnSmad4 mice show an age-dependent increase in the size of islets. In parallel, an expanded population of replicating cells expressing the E-dnSmad4 transgene is found in the stroma between the enlarged islets and pancreatic ducts. Despite the marked enlargement, E-dnSmad4 islets contain normal ratios and spatial organization of endocrine cell subtypes and have normal glucose homeostasis. Replication of cells derived from primary duct cultures of wild-type mice, but not E-dnSmad4 mice, was inhibited by the addition of TGF-beta family proteins, demonstrating a cell-autonomous effect of the transgene. These data show that, in the adult pancreas, TGF-beta family signaling plays a role in islet size by regulating the growth of a pluripotent progenitor cell residing in the periductal stroma of the pancreas.
Oligosaccharide Mimetics Obtained by Novel, Rapid Screening of Carboxylic Acid Encoded Glycopeptide Libraries (1998)

Glycopeptides that mimic the action of oligosaccharides have been rapidly identified through the implementation of combinatorial library methodology combined with a novel, easy, screening and analysis method. A glycopeptide library containing three different glycosyl amino building blocks, Fmoc-Asn(β-Ac3GlcNAc)-OPfp (5), Fmoc-Thr(α-Ac4Man)-OPfp (6), and Fmoc-Thr[α-Ac4Man(1→3)α-2-O-Bz-4,6-Ac2Man]-OPfp (7), was synthesized by the portion-mixing method on PEGA solid support. The library was designed to facilitate rapid and unambiguous analysis of the active glycopeptides detected during the high throughput-screening step. Consequently, the library was synthesized using the ladder synthesis approach and linked to the solid support via a photolabile linker. The glycosyl amino acids were labeled with carboxylic acid tags to allow unambiguous identification of the glycan moiety. Photolytic release of active glycopeptide from the resin was induced by irradiation of the bead with the MALDI-TOF-MS laser, and analysis of the resulting spectrum presenting the ladder of glycopeptide fragments yielded the sequence of the active glycopeptide. Glycopeptide ligands were identified for the C-type lectin from Lathyrus odoratus by screening the fluorescent-labeled protein in a solid-phase binding assay of the PEGA resin-bound glycopeptide library. Of the several glycopeptide ligands detected, most contained Man or GlcNAc, glycans that display specificity for the lectin in hemagglutination assays. The most active glycopeptides detected from the library screening were T(α-d-Man)ALKPTHV, LHGGFT(α-d-Man)HV, T(α-d-Man)EHKGSKV, GT(α-d-Man)FPGLAV, and T(α-d-Man)LFKGFHV.
Rat renal cortical OAT1 and OAT3 exhibit gender differences determined by both androgen stimulation and estrogen inhibition (2004)

In rats, the secretion of p-aminohippurate (PAH) by the kidney is higher in males (M) than in females (F). The role of the major renal PAH transporters, OAT1 and OAT3, in the generation of these gender differences, as well as the responsible hormones and mechanisms, has not been clarified. Here we used various immunocytochemical methods to study effects of gender, gonadectomy, and treatment with sex hormones on localization and abundance of OAT1 and OAT3 along the rat nephron. Both transporters were localized to the basolateral membrane: OAT1 was strong in proximal tubule S2 and weak in the S3 segments, whereas OAT3 was stained in proximal tubule S1 and S2 segments, thick ascending limb, distal tubule, and in principal cells along the collecting duct. Gender differences in the expression of both transporters in adult rats (M > F) were observed only in the cortical tubules. OAT1 in the cortex was strongly reduced by castration in adult M, whereas the treatment of castrated M with testosterone, estradiol, or progesterone resulted in its complete restitution, further depression, or partial restitution, respectively. In adult F, ovariectomy weakly increased, whereas estradiol treatment of ovariectomized F strongly decreased, the expression of OAT1. The expression of OAT3 in the M and F cortex largely followed a similar pattern, except that ovariectomy and progesterone treatment showed no effect, whereas in other tissue zones gender differences were not observed. In prepubertal rats, the expression of OAT1 and OAT3 in the kidney cortex was low and showed no gender differences. Our data indicate that gender differences in the rat renal cortical OAT1 and OAT3 (M > F) appear after puberty and are determined by both a stimulatory effect of androgens (and progesterone in the case of OAT1) and an inhibitory effect of estrogens.
HBoV‐1 in pleura of an adult patient in Cologne, Germany (2014)

Introduction: The human bocavirus is associated with respiratory tract infections and has been shown to infect virtually all age groups. However, the majoritiy of HBoV infections is observed in children, on the one hand because this group of patients receives a broader diagnostics, on the other hand because up to the age of five years all people have passed the primary infection and developed antibodies. Thus, there is limited knowledge about the HBoV infection in adults. Case presentation: A case of persistent pleural effusion associated with an infection with human bocavirus (HBoV) is reported. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in which HBoV has been found in the pleura during an active infection in an adult patient. Conclusion: HBoV infection can lead to serious disease in adults and can affect also the pleura.
Efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir/ledipasvir for the treatment of patients with hepatitis C virus re‐infection after liver transplantation (2016)

Antiviral treatment with SOF/LDV is highly effective, safe, and well tolerated in OLT recipients. The addition of RBV often results in severe anemia, requiring dose reduction or discontinuation.
Particle scattering in a sonic analogue of special relativity (2021)

We investigate a simple toy model of particle scattering in the flat spacetime limit of an analogue-gravity model. The analogue-gravity medium is treated as a scalar field of phonons that obeys the Klein--Gordon equation and thus admits a Lorentz symmetry with respect to ${c}_{\mathrm{s}}$, the speed of sound in the medium. The particle from which the phonons are scattered is external to the system and does not obey the sonic Lorentz symmetry that the phonon field obeys. In-universe observers who use the exchange of sound to operationally measure distance and duration find that the external particle appears to be a sonically Lorentz-violating particle. By performing a sonic analogue to Compton scattering, in-universe observers can determine if they are in motion with respect to their medium. If in-universe observers were then to correctly postulate the dispersion relation of the external particle, their velocity with respect to the medium could be found.
A heteronuclear trifunctional Lewis acid (1996)

Indium(I) chloride reacts with ortho-phenylenemercury to afford the mixed-metal system Hg{o-C6H4[InCl2(thf)2]}21, a novel heteronuclear trifunctional Lewis acid which is characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, and NMR.
Numerical Iron Loss Calculation of a New Axial Flux Machine with Segmented-Armature-Torus Topology (2014)

The paper presents the numerical calculation of iron loss in a novel axial flux machine with segmented armature torus topology is researched. Firstly, the new machine concept and the iron loss model derived from Bertotti's formula are introduced, which subdivides the total iron losses into 3 components: hysteresis losses, eddy current losses and excess losses. The coefficients of the iron loss model are estimated from the measurement data of iron loss at various frequencies and different levels of magnetisation using a curve fitting method. The real waveform of flux density is far from sinusoidal, which is assumed in the Bertotti's formula. Besides, the distribution of flux density in each element is completely different. In order to solve the problems, the Fourier transformation of flux density waveform in each finite element is performed, which requires the complete waveform for a whole electrical period. The total iron loss in the motor is determined as the sum of the iron loss in each element. In order to reduce the computation time, the determination of complete flux density waveform from analysis over one-sixth electrical period is researched. Moreover, for the further reduction of the calculation time the replacing of transient analysis with stationary analysis is also investigated. Finally, the results of iron losses founded on the transient and stationary analysis are compared.