gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scoliosis Associated with Syringomyelia (2003)

Anomalies of the spinal cord or spinal column coexisting with lesions of the central nervous system have significant effects on the syrinx and scoliosis. There is a significant relation between the most caudal level of the syrinx and the locations of the scoliosis.
Authors' Reply (2005)

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Preservation of Immunoreactivity and Fine Structure of Adult <i>C. elegans</i> Tissues Using High-pressure Freezing (2004)

The location of a protein labeled by immunogold techniques can be resolved under an electron beam to within nanometers of its epitope, a resolution that makes immunoelectron microscopy a valuable tool for studies of cell biology. However, tissues in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans are difficult to preserve for immunoelectron microscopic studies. The animal's cuticle slows the diffusion of solutions into the animal and thus makes it difficult to preserve both immunoreactivity and cell morphology. Here we describe a protocol that circumvents these problems. Specifically, we instantly immobilized tissue in vitreous ice by freezing living adult animals under high pressure. Frozen specimens were then chemically fixed, dehydrated, and embedded at low temperatures. As a result, chemical diffusion across the cuticle could occur over an extended period without morphological deterioration. We show that this method is capable of preserving both cell morphology, including fine structures, and immunoreactivity. Therefore, it provides a means to characterize the localization of endogenous proteins and exogenous proteins, such as the green fluorescent protein (GFP), with respect to subcellular compartments in C. elegans tissues by using postembedding immunogold labeling.
First example of a mixed-ligand bimetallic (Fe-Fe) N-bridged dimer: (.mu.-nitrido)[((tetraphenylporphyrinato)iron)(phthalocyaninato)iron] (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFirst example of a mixed-ligand bimetallic (Fe-Fe) N-bridged dimer: (.mu.-nitrido)[((tetraphenylporphyrinato)iron)(phthalocyaninato)iron]C. Ercolani, S. Hewage, R. Heucher, and G. RossiCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 13, 2975–2977Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00065a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00065a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views285Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Métamorphose de l'intestin antérieur et de l'intestin moyen chez <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L. (Insecte, Coléoptère) (1987)

The foregut and midgut of male and female Tenebrio molitor were studied just before and during metamorphosis. Three successive stages can be recognized by characteristic features of the cuticle and epithelium of the foregut, and of the peritrophic sheath, epithelium, basal lamina, and muscular connective sheath of the midgut. In the external integument, changes occur during two periods, implying two reprogramming phases. Overall, periods of change for the gut are concomitant with first the pupal molt and then the imaginal molt. However, in the foregut, cuticular secretion begins later than in the integument and is completed at the time of ecdysis. For the midgut, imaginal differentiation is slow and ends a few days after ecdysis.
Abstract 16865: Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Type 4a Myocardial Infarction Following Elective PCI for Stable Ischemic Heart Disease (SIHD): Post Hoc Analysis of the COURAGE Trial (2012)

Background: The relevance of peri-PCI (type 4a) myocardial infarction (MI) is controversial, as is the type of biomarker (CK-MB or troponin) and threshold (e.g., 3x or 5x ULN; other?) used to determine prognostically-important clinical events. While the current 2007 Universal MI Definition designates a biomarker (CK-MB or troponin) elevation >3x the 99 th percentile URL as a type 4a MI, data from recent PCI trials have failed to show a significant independent association between peri-PCI MI and mortality up to 2 years using this definition. Whether type 4a MI is associated with mortality or subsequent type 1 MI during longer-term follow-up is unknown. Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis of clinical outcomes (all-cause mortality, spontaneous [type 1] MI, or hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome [ACS]) among 1,371 SIHD patients (pts) from the COURAGE Trial who underwent initial PCI and long-term (2.5-7.0 year [mean 4.6 year]) follow-up. All pts had ≥70% stenosis in at least one major coronary artery that met an AHA/ACC Joint Task Force Class I-II indication for PCI. Type 4a MI was defined as CK-MB ≥ 3x ULN or troponin ≥ 5x ULN plus angina or an angina equivalent within 24 hours post-PCI; type 1 MI was defined as new ECG Q-waves or CK-MB ≥ 1.5X ULN or troponin ≥ 2x ULN plus angina/new ischemia equivalent. Results: Protocol-defined type 4a MI occurred in only 51 pts (4%). The rate of subsequent all-cause mortality was low and occurred in 6% of patients who had peri-PCI MI (3/51) and in 8% of pts without peri-PCI MI (99/1,320); P=NS. However, pts who sustained an initial type 4a MI had significantly higher rates of subsequent non-fatal events with 16/51 pts (31%) developing a subsequent type 1 MI and 17/51 pts (33%) requiring hospitalization for ACS, as compared with a type 1 MI rate of 9% (118/1,320) and ACS hospitalization rate of 11% (148/1,320 pts) in those without an initial peri-procedural MI (P Conclusions: Type 4a peri-PCI MI, as defined above, was associated with an increased rate of type 1 MI and re-hospitalization for ACS during a mean 4.6 year follow-up, the significance of which may be prognostically-important. However, long-term mortality remained low regardless of the presence or absence of initial type 4a MI.
Robust and Flexible Power-Proportional Storage (CMU-PDL-10-106) (2018)

Power-proportional cluster-based storage is an important component of an overall cloud computing infrastructure. With it, substantial subsets of nodes in the storage cluster can be turned off to save power during periods of low utilization. Rabbit is a distributed file system that arranges its data-layout to provide ideal power-proportionality down to very low minimum number of powered-up nodes (enough to store a primary replica of available datasets). Rabbit addresses the node failure rates of large-scale clusters with data layouts that minimize the number of nodes that must be powered-up if a primary fails. Rabbit also allows different datasets to use different subsets of nodes as a building block for interference avoidance when the infrastructure is shared by multiple tenants. Experiments with a Rabbit prototype demonstrate its power-proportionality, and simulation experiments demonstrate its properties at scale.
Novel Lasers Based on Resonant Dark States (2017)

The route to miniaturization of laser systems has so far led to the utilization of diverse materials and techniques for reaching the desired laser oscillation at small scales. Unfortunately, at some point all approaches encounter a trade-off between the system dimensions and the Q factor, especially when going subwavelength, mostly because the radiation damping is inherent to the oscillating mode and can thus not be controlled separately. Here, we propose a metamaterial laser system that overcomes this trade-off and offers radiation damping tunability, along with many other features, such as directionality, subwavelength integration, and simple layer-by-layer fabrication.
ECAI 2016: 22nd European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 29 August - 2 September 2016, The Hague, The Netherlands - Including Prestigious Applications of Artificial Intelligence (PAIS 2016) (2016)

Artificial Intelligence continues to be one of the most exciting and fastdeveloping fields of computer science. This book presents the 177 long papers and 123 short papers accepted for ECAI 2016, the latest edition of the biennial European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Europes premier venue for presenting scientific results in AI. The conference was held in The Hague, the Netherlands, from August 29 to September 2, 2016. ECAI 2016 also incorporated the conference on Prestigious Applications of Intelligent Systems (PAIS) 2016, and the Starting AI Researcher Symposium (STAIRS). The papers from PAIS are included in this volume; the papers from STAIRS are published in a separate volume in the Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications (FAIA) series. Organized by the European Association for Artificial Intelligence (EurAI) and the Benelux Association for Artificial Intelligence (BNVKI), the ECAI conference provides an opportunity for researchers to present and hear about the very best research in contemporary AI. This proceedings will be of interest to all those seeking an overview of the very latest innovations and developments in this field.
Children with Septo-Optic Dysplasia – How to Improve and Sharpen the Diagnosis (2000)

The data in this article are based on investigations performed in 25 children with suspected septo-optic dysplasia (SOD). There are many signs and methods that help in the diagnosis of SOD. In particular, the ocular fundus, abnormalities of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis and other midline brain structures should be described. In order to achieve a more holistic and functional diagnosis, the degree of neurological, neuropsychiatric and psychological involvement should also be stated. It has been suggested that SOD is associated with autosomal recessive inheritance, and it can be speculated that it is the result of genetic and environmental influences early in gestation. An early diagnosis can favourably influence the outcome of the affected child.
Development of {100} Texture in Silicon Steel Sheets by Isothermal Austenite&amp;rarr;Ferrite Transformations and Its Mechanism (1993)

An investigation has been made to develop {100} texture in silicon steel sheet by an isothermal austenite (γ) →ferrite (α) transformation. Steel sheets alloyed with approximately 2% of silicon, 1% of manganese and 0.1% of carbon were vacuum-annealed and then decarburized in a 20% hydrogen-argon atmosphere containing water vapor. During the vacuum-annealing at the α/γ duplex-or γ-phase temperatures from 900 to 1050°C, a thin layer just below the surface of the sheet transformed to α-ferrite and a strong texture of {100} <011>or {100} <ovw>type developed in the layer. By the subsequent decarburization, the α-ferrite grains in the layer grew toward the thickness center of the sheet, forming a columnar grain structure. The resulted columnar grain structure that inherited the texture of the surface α-ferrite layer exhibited an excellent soft-magnetic properties. The γ→α transformation within the surface layer is considered to be due to a long-range carbon diffusion induced by a manganese dilution in the layer. The selective driving force for the strong {100} texture formation is thought to reside in the anisotropy of the surface energy at the annealing atmosphere-metal interface.
设计、开发、调试与部署：应对多内核软件开发挑战 (2012)

多内核处理器近年来已成为支持手机、平板电脑、服务器、无线基站以及媒体服务器等设备的主流处理器。在短短5至7年的时间里，业界多内核处理器已从双核发展到领先硅芯片厂商正在开发的128核了。随着多内核处理器的快速发展，软件开发人员也面临着众多挑战。虽然有各种挑战，但开发人员不必担心，因为相关解决方案可帮助应对多内核软件开发挑战。
Offline Reinforcement Learning for Mobile Notifications (2022)

Mobile notification systems have taken a major role in driving and maintaining user engagement for online platforms. They are interesting recommender systems to machine learning practitioners with more sequential and long-term feedback considerations. Most machine learning applications in notification systems are built around response-prediction models, trying to attribute both short-term impact and long-term impact to a notification decision. However, a user's experience depends on a sequence of notifications and attributing impact to a single notification is not always accurate, if not impossible. In this paper, we argue that reinforcement learning is a better framework for notification systems in terms of performance and iteration speed. We propose an offline reinforcement learning framework to optimize sequential notification decisions for driving user engagement. We describe a state-marginalized importance sampling policy evaluation approach, which can be used to evaluate the policy offline and tune learning hyperparameters. Through simulations that approximate the notifications ecosystem, we demonstrate the performance and benefits of the offline evaluation approach as a part of the reinforcement learning modeling approach. Finally, we collect data through online exploration in the production system, train an offline Double Deep Q-Network and launch a successful policy online. We also discuss the practical considerations and results obtained by deploying these policies for a large-scale recommendation system use-case.
Notice of Removal: On the fate of mesh-stabilized lipid nanobubbles after destruction with ultrasound (2017)

Removed.
Combined targeted therapy and immunotherapy in the treatment of advanced melanoma (2012)

Recently, a CTLA-4 antibody and BRAF inhibitors showed survival benefits in advance melanoma treatment. The documentation of immune infiltrates in melanomas early during BRAF inhibitor therapy provides a scientific rationale for combination therapy with both treatments with possible synergistic benefits. This commentary reviews immune responses induced by BRAF inhibitors.
Significance of Erythema Nodosum and Pyoderma Gangrenosum in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (2008)

Erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum are the most common cutaneous manifestations in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). We conducted the current study to assess the cumulative prevalence of erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum in patients with IBD and to appraise their association with demographic, clinical, and prognostic factors related to IBD. Between 2000 and 2005, data for all patients with IBD at our gastroenterology department were prospectively and systematically collected using a standardized protocol. Among 2402 patients (1521 diagnosed with Crohn disease [63.3%] and 744 with ulcerative colitis [31.0%]), 140 (5.8%) had at least 1 skin manifestation. The most frequent dermatologic symptoms were erythema nodosum (4.0%) and pyoderma gangrenosum (0.75%). In multivariate analyses, erythema nodosum was significantly and independently associated with a diagnosis of Crohn disease (p < 0.001), female sex (p < 0.001), eye and joint involvement (p < 0.001), and pyoderma gangrenosum (p < 0.0001). Among patients with Crohn disease, erythema nodosum was associated with isolated colonic involvement (p = 0.0001). Pyoderma gangrenosum was significantly and independently associated with black African origin (p = 0.003), familial history of ulcerative colitis (p = 0.0005), uninterrupted pancolitis as the initial location of IBD (p = 0.03), permanent stoma (p = 0.002), eye involvement (p = 0.001), and erythema nodosum (p < 0.0001). It is noteworthy that the association between pyoderma gangrenosum and permanent stoma persisted after exclusion of patients with peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum (p = 0.07). In conclusion, neither erythema nodosum nor pyoderma gangrenosum was significantly associated with the severity criteria in IBD; however, their occurrence may reflect a peculiar phenotype among affected patients.
Tristetraprolin/ZFP36 Regulates the Turnover of Autoimmune-Associated HLA-DQ mRNAs (2019)

HLA class II genes encode highly polymorphic heterodimeric proteins functioning to present antigens to T cells and stimulate a specific immune response. Many HLA genes are strongly associated with autoimmune diseases as they stimulate self-antigen specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells driving pathogenic responses against host tissues or organs. High expression of HLA class II risk genes is associated with autoimmune diseases, influencing the strength of the CD4<sup>+</sup> T-mediated autoimmune response. The expression of HLA class II genes is regulated at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Protein components of the RNP complex binding the 3'UTR and affecting mRNA processing have previously been identified. Following on from this, the regulation of HLA-DQ2.5 risk genes, the main susceptibility genetic factor for celiac disease (CD), was investigated. The DQ2.5 molecule, encoded by HLA-DQA1*05 and HLA-DQB1*02 alleles, presents the antigenic gluten peptides to CD4<sup>+</sup> T lymphocytes, activating the autoimmune response. The zinc-finger protein Tristetraprolin (TTP) or ZFP36 was identified to be a component of the RNP complex and has been described as a factor modulating mRNA stability. The 3'UTR of CD-associated HLA-DQA1*05 and HLA-DQB1*02 mRNAs do not contain canonical TTP binding consensus sequences, therefore an in silico approach focusing on mRNA secondary structure accessibility and stability was undertaken. Key structural differences specific to the CD-associated mRNAs were uncovered, allowing them to strongly interact with TTP through their 3'UTR, conferring a rapid turnover, in contrast to lower affinity binding to HLA non-CD associated mRNA.
Does Mutated <i>K-RAS</i> Oncogene Attenuate the Effect of Sulindac in Colon Cancer Chemoprevention? (2017)

Abstract The NSAID sulindac has been successfully used alone or in combination with other agents to suppress colon tumorigenesis in patients with genetic predisposition and also showed its efficacy in prevention of sporadic colon adenomas. At the same time, some experimental and clinical reports suggest that a mutant K-RAS oncogene may negate sulindac antitumor efficacy. To directly assess sulindac activity at suppressing premalignant lesions carrying K-RAS mutation, we utilized a novel mouse model with an inducible colon-specific expression of the mutant K-ras oncogene (K-rasG12D). Tumor development and treatment effects were monitored by minimally invasive endoscopic Optical coherence tomography. Expression of the mutant K-ras allele accelerated azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon carcinogenesis in C57BL/6 mice, a strain otherwise resistant to this carcinogen. Sulindac completely prevented AOM-induced tumor formation in K-ras wild-type (K-ras wt) animals. In K-rasG12D–mutant mice, a 38% reduction in tumor number, an 83% reduction in tumor volume (P ≤ 0.01) and an increase in the number of adenoma-free mice (P = 0.04) were observed. The partial response of K-RasG12D animals to sulindac treatment was evident by the decrease in mucosal thickness (P &amp;lt; 0.01) and delay in progression of the precancerous aberrant crypt foci to adenomas. Molecular analyses showed significant induction in cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), cleaved caspase-3 (CC3), and Ki-67 expression by AOM, but not sulindac treatment, in all genotypes. Our data underscore the importance of screening for K-RAS mutations in individuals with colon polyps to provide more personalized interventions targeting mutant K-RAS signaling pathways. Cancer Prev Res; 11(1); 16–26. ©2017 AACR.
A 2.5-GHz 4.2-dB NF direct &amp;#x0394;&amp;#x03A3; receiver with a frequency-translating integrator (2014)

This paper presents a 2.5-GHz RF-to-digital converter implemented in a 40-nm CMOS technology. The architecture embeds a direct-conversion receiver RF front-end in a 1.5-bit continuous-time ΔΣ modulator loop. This allows simultaneous channel filtering and noise shaping that begins already in the RF stages. The implemented design pays particular attention to the frequency-translating interface at the LNA output, where a programmable impedance enables a tradeoff between receiver sensitivity and maximum SNDR. The receiver consumes 90 mW from 1.1 V, and achieves a state-of-the-art noise figure (NF) of 4.2 dB and 50-dB peak SNDR for a 15-MHz RF bandwidth.
Effects of O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O on the Adsorption of NO on Cerium Oxide (2020)

The mechanism of NO adsorption on CeO2 and the effects of O2, CO2, and H2O were studied by in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). NO species were adsorbed on CeO2 to form anionic nitrosyl groups. Formation of these anionic nitrosyl (–NO−) groups was associated with degradation of bidentate carbonate species and peak shift of the surface hydroxyl groups, indicating competitive adsorption of NO with CO2 and interaction of –NO− with hydroxyl groups. Evaluation of the changes in anionic nitrosyl groups in the presence and absence of O2, CO2, and H2O showed that co-flow of O2 promoted NO adsorption whereas co-flow of CO2 or H2O suppressed NO adsorption, which supports the competitive adsorption mechanism of NO with CO2 and H2O. The competitive adsorption mechanism suggests that degradation of CeO2 by NO adsorption will be small in a gas mixture with high contents of H2O and CO2.
Nitrogen Bridgehead Compounds Part 39. Synthesis and Reactions of 3-Phenoxy-2-methyl-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones (1983)

3-Phenoxy-and 3-chloro-2-methyl-4g-pyrido [ I , 2-&Ipyrirnidin-4-ones (9 and (5) were prepared by t h e reactions of 2-aininopyridines and 2-phenoxy-o r 2-chlcroacetoacetate (4) and(iJ i n a mixture of phosphoryl chloridepolyphosphoric acid.The ring-transformation reactions of the pyridopyrimidines (zb) and ( 5 b ) , and hydrogenation and n i t r a t i o n of t h e p,henoxy derivatives (2) were also studied.5-Phenoxy-4 13H) -pyrimidincnes ( I .) were recently reported t o possess a s i g n i f i -2 oant bronchodllatory a c t i v i t y .The present work deals with t h e synthesis and some hhemical transformations of t h e s t r u c t u r a l l y r e l a t e d 3-phencxy-4kJ-pyrido-
Rypins' Basic Sciences Review (17th ed.); Rypins' Clinical Sciences Review (17th ed.); Rypins' Questions and Answers for Basic Sciences Review (1997)

KIRK, ALLAN D.Editor(s): Longmire, William P. Jr. M.D.; Lyerly, H. Kim M.D. Author Information