gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Some new aspects on the prosthetic vascular grafts (1975)

The choice of synthetic vascular prostheses for arterial reconstuction surgery should be based on the data evaluated in long term both experimentally and clinically.Stable and viable inner capsule for a period of long time leads implanted graft to maintain the desirable function as a substitute for blood vessel.In order to clarify the healing mechanism of implanted vascular prostheses, following pathology should be analized. 1) Healing process from the sites of anastomoses. 2) Dissemination of multipotential blood cells on inner capsule and 3) The influence of capillaries of intercapsular space between meshes.Healing process from the host artery is not simple extension of endothelial cells to inner capsule, but is the result of healing motion from exaggerated porosity at the sites of anastomoses. And this phenomenon is possibly influenced by the blood flow according to our observation scale of endothelial cell-encapsulation density.Dissemination of multipotential cells in flowing blood on inner capsule seems to be quite acceptable to get new endothelialized cell lining Further studies will reveal whether the origin of endothelial cells is from blood stream or development of cells from the sites of anastomoses.In regard to the intercapsular capillary communication, there are out-growing capillaries of vasa vasorum which are found on the specimen of 83rd postoperative day in the earliest, mostly near anastomotic lines. These openings were found under the scanning electron microscopic study and they were confirmed as vasa vasorum by microscopic examination of serial section.The ideal stable structure of inner and outer capsules is that the viable collagen fibers with in- and out-growing capillaries are filled in wide space between meshes.Very thin inner capsule and viable intercapsular structure are seen specifically in the use of high porous grafts.Specifications for vascular prostheses, such as knitted finly, thin-walled, soft, pliable, high porosity, efficient preclotting, comformability at anastomotic lines and no fraying when cut at any angle are fullfilled by the Weavenit, Milliknit and Microknit vascular prostheses.Indications for arterial reconstruction surgery became broad by using the high porous grafts; bypass graftings beyond inguinal ligament and knee crease and possibility for the clinical use of small caliber grafts for A-V shunt in hemodialysis and for coronary bypass operation.
Do Sublaminar Polyester Bands Affect the Outcomes of Postoperative Infections After Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery? (2016)

Level III.
Cu/poly-Si damascene gate structured MOSFET with Ta and TaN stacked barrier (2003)

A Cu/Si layered-gate-structured MOSFET with Ta and TaN stacked barrier layers fabricated using a Cu damascene process has been developed for high-performance and reliable Si ULSI devices. A sheet resistance of 0.5 ohm/sq. was achieved with a 0.25 /spl mu/m gate length. The Ta and TaN layers guarantee reliable gate oxide (7.5 nm) after 500/spl deg/C thermal processing in nitrogen with forming gas annealing.
Invisible and Readable Checkerboard as Watermark With Temporally Brightness Modulation (2022)

This aticle describes invisibility and readability in terms of the size of the basic unit of information that was attached to a displayed image by using our proposed method. The proposed method enables us to invisibly attach information to a displayed image on a flat panel display (FPD) and to extract the information from a captured video image of the displayed image. The information was attached to a single-color component of the displayed image by using temporal and spatial brightness modulation. The information was arranged within a given rectangular area of the displayed image as a black-and-white checkerboard pattern. The checkerboard pattern was used because it is a typical example of a t2-D pattern with a high density. The checkerboard pattern consists of squares having the same side length <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> . <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> was changed to examine the invisibility and readability in terms of the size of the basic unit of information. First, we assessed invisibility to the human eye of the information attached to the displayed image on the FPD. The experimental results showed that the degree of invisibility was 90% or over for all <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> when a frame rate for the displayed image was 60 fps. That is, the invisibility is independent of <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> . We also examined readability of the attached information for a video camera. The experimental results showed a lower limit value of <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> that satisfied the readability.
Sequences from the Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein (LRP) Cytoplasmic Domain Enhance Amyloid β Protein Production via the β-Secretase Pathway without Altering Amyloid Precursor Protein/LRP Nuclear Signaling (2005)

Increasing evidence suggests that the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) affects the processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and amyloid beta (Abeta) protein production as well as mediates the clearance of Abeta from the brain. Recent studies indicate that the cytoplasmic domain of LRP is critical for this modulation of APP processing requiring perhaps a complex between APP, the adaptor protein FE65, and LRP. In this study, we expressed a small LRP domain consisting of the C-terminal 97 amino acids of the cytoplasmic domain, or LRP-soluble tail (LRP-ST), in CHO cells to test the hypothesis that the APP.LRP complex can be disrupted. We anticipated that LRP-ST would inhibit the normal interaction between LRP and APP and therefore perturb APP processing to resemble a LRP-deficient state. Surprisingly, CHO cells expressing LRP-ST demonstrated an increase in both sAPP secretion and Abeta production compared with control CHO cells in a manner reminiscent of the cellular effects of the APP "Swedish mutation." The increase in sAPP secretion consisted mainly of sAPPbeta, consistent with the increase in Abeta release. Further, this effect is LRP-independent, as the same alterations remained when LRP-ST was expressed in LRP-deficient cells but not when the construct was membrane-anchored. Finally, deletion experiments suggested that the last 50 amino acid residues of LRP-ST contain the important domain for altering APP processing and Abeta production. These observations indicate that there are cellular pathways that may suppress Abeta generation but that can be altered to facilitate Abeta production.
Induction of Macrophage Chemotaxis by Aortic Extracts of the mgR Marfan Mouse Model and a GxxPG-Containing Fibrillin-1 Fragment (2006)

Our findings demonstrate that aortic extracts from mgR/mgR mice can stimulate macrophage chemotaxis by interaction with EBP and show that a fibrillin-1 fragment possesses chemotactic stimulatory activity similar to that of elastin degradation peptides. They provide a plausible molecular mechanism for the inflammatory infiltrates observed in the mgR mouse model and suggest that inflammation may represent a component of the complex pathogenesis of MFS.
Reduction of Temperature Drift in Refractive-index-sensing Optical Frequency Comb by Mechanical-sharing Dual-fiber-cavity Configuration (2022)

We suppress the temperature drift in the refractive-index-sensing optical frequency comb (RI-sensing OFC) by taking the difference of repetition frequency between an active RI-sensing OFC and a dummy one in the mechanical-sharing dual-fiber-cavity configuration.
Synthesis and self-assembly of “tree-like” amphiphilic glycopolypeptides (2012)

Novel synthetic tree-like oligosaccharides-grafted-polypeptides were prepared by using Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate)-block-poly(propargylglycine) and two different oligosaccharides, dextran or hyaluronan. By direct solubilisation in water, these tree-like glycopeptides spontaneously form very small assemblies with sizes below 50 nm and low polydispersity.
Holographic light-guide plate for LCD backlight system (2007)

A novel holographic light-guide plate (HLGP) for the illumination of liquid crystal display is proposed in this paper. The holographic film designed for red light (632.8nm) is introduced to the top surface of the wedge-shaped light-guide plate. The backlight system with the HLGP can achieve large gain in uniform illumination. The enhanced illumination uniformity of the emanating light is measured in the experiments.
Evidence for a Role of the PD-1:PD-L1 Pathway in Immune Resistance of HPV-Associated Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2013)

Human papillomavirus-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HPV-HNSCC) originate in the tonsils, the major lymphoid organ that orchestrates immunity to oral infections. Despite its location, the virus escapes immune elimination during malignant transformation and progression. Here, we provide evidence for the role of the PD-1:PD-L1 pathway in HPV-HNSCC immune resistance. We show membranous expression of PD-L1 in the tonsillar crypts, the site of initial HPV infection. In HPV-HNSCCs that are highly infiltrated with lymphocytes, PD-L1 expression on both tumor cells and CD68+ tumor-associated macrophages is geographically localized to sites of lymphocyte fronts, whereas the majority of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes express high levels of PD-1, the inhibitory PD-L1 receptor. Significant levels of mRNA for IFN-γ, a major cytokine inducer of PD-L1 expression, were found in HPV+ PD-L1(+) tumors. Our findings support the role of the PD-1:PD-L1 interaction in creating an "immune-privileged" site for initial viral infection and subsequent adaptive immune resistance once tumors are established and suggest a rationale for therapeutic blockade of this pathway in patients with HPV-HNSCC.
Epilepsyecosystem.org: crowd-sourcing reproducible seizure prediction with long-term human intracranial EEG (2018)

Accurate seizure prediction will transform epilepsy management by offering warnings to patients or triggering interventions. However, state-of-the-art algorithm design relies on accessing adequate long-term data. Crowd-sourcing ecosystems leverage quality data to enable cost-effective, rapid development of predictive algorithms. A crowd-sourcing ecosystem for seizure prediction is presented involving an international competition, a follow-up held-out data evaluation, and an online platform, Epilepsyecosystem.org, for yielding further improvements in prediction performance. Crowd-sourced algorithms were obtained via the 'Melbourne-University AES-MathWorks-NIH Seizure Prediction Challenge' conducted at kaggle.com. Long-term continuous intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) data (442 days of recordings and 211 lead seizures per patient) from prediction-resistant patients who had the lowest seizure prediction performances from the NeuroVista Seizure Advisory System clinical trial were analysed. Contestants (646 individuals in 478 teams) from around the world developed algorithms to distinguish between 10-min inter-seizure versus pre-seizure data clips. Over 10 000 algorithms were submitted. The top algorithms as determined by using the contest data were evaluated on a much larger held-out dataset. The data and top algorithms are available online for further investigation and development. The top performing contest entry scored 0.81 area under the classification curve. The performance reduced by only 6.7% on held-out data. Many other teams also showed high prediction reproducibility. Pseudo-prospective evaluation demonstrated that many algorithms, when used alone or weighted by circadian information, performed better than the benchmarks, including an average increase in sensitivity of 1.9 times the original clinical trial sensitivity for matched time in warning. These results indicate that clinically-relevant seizure prediction is possible in a wider range of patients than previously thought possible. Moreover, different algorithms performed best for different patients, supporting the use of patient-specific algorithms and long-term monitoring. The crowd-sourcing ecosystem for seizure prediction will enable further worldwide community study of the data to yield greater improvements in prediction performance by way of competition, collaboration and synergism.10.1093/brain/awy210_video1awy210media15817489051001.
Modified Bacterial Cellulose for Biomedical Applications (2022)

Bacterial cellulose, or microbial cellulose, had gained tremendous interest as a hydrogel material for biomedical purposes in the recent years. It has many intrinsic physiological properties like fibrous nature, ultrafine 3D nanostructure network, high water holding capacity, excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility and biodegradability that allow for the use of such purposes, and the lacking properties can be easily supplemented or enhanced by modifications. In this review, some of the biomedical applications that uses bacterial cellulose are discussed. These include wound healing, drug delivery, tissue engineering and tumor cell and cancer therapy. In each section, different modifications of BC are showcased and examined on how they benefit the application. Finally, key takeaways on these modifications are also deliberated.
Gestaltung von effizienten Produktionsnetzwerken in der Automobilindustrie (2022)

Abstract Die Automobilproduktion steht aktuell vor der Herausforderung, einen sich weiter diversifizierenden Antriebsmix effizient zu produzieren. Der vorliegende Beitrag erläutert die grundsätzlichen Einflüsse alternativer Antriebsarten auf die Fahrzeugproduktion, welche mithilfe umfangreicher Experteninterviews ermittelt wurden. Diese Erkenntnisse können genutzt werden, um langfristig die richtigen Produktionsstrategien für die Gestaltung effizienter Produktionsnetzwerke abzuleiten.
Sublingual Flagellin Protects against Acute Pneumococcal Pneumonia in a TLR5-Dependent and NLRC4-Independent Fashion (2016)

Ligation of TLR5, a pathogen recognition receptor not naturally engaged by pneumococcus, protects mice from invasive pneumonia when administered via sublingual route. This can be a highly cost-effective alternative therapy against pneumonia.
Evidence for the Rapid Conversion of Stephacidin B into the Electrophilic Monomer Avrainvillamide in Cell Culture (2007)

We report that the dimeric alkaloid stephacidin B (1) and the monomeric alkaloid avrainvillamide (2) function equivalently within experimental error to inhibit the growth of four different cultured human cancer cell lines. We also show that the proportion of the monomer greatly outweighs that of the dimer in the medium of incubation, and that the half-life for the transformation of 1 to 2 is short relative to the half-life of cell division. Finally, using a monomer-based affinity reagent, we provide evidence that the monomer (2) interacts with intracellular thiol-containing proteins, likely by covalent modification.
Improved dialytic removal of protein-bound uraemic toxins with use of albumin binding competitors: an in vitro human whole blood study (2016)

Protein-bound uraemic toxins (PBUTs) cause various deleterious effects in end-stage kidney disease patients, because their removal by conventional haemodialysis (HD) is severely limited by their low free fraction in plasma. Here we provide an experimental validation of the concept that the HD dialytic removal of PBUTs can be significantly increased by extracorporeal infusion of PBUT binding competitors. The binding properties of indoxyl sulfate (IS), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and hippuric acid (HIPA) and their binding competitors, ibuprofen (IBU), furosemide (FUR) and tryptophan (TRP) were studied in uraemic plasma. The effect of binding competitor infusion on fractional removal of PBUT was then quantified in an ex vivo single-pass HD model using uraemic human whole blood. The infusion of a combination of IBU and FUR increased the fractional removal of IS from 6.4 ± 0.1 to 18.3 ± 0.4%. IAA removal rose from 16.8 ± 0.3 to 34.5 ± 0.7%. TRP infusion increased the removal of IS and IAA to 10.5 ± 0.1% and 27.1 ± 0.3%, respectively. Moderate effects were observed on HIPA removal. Pre-dialyzer infusion of PBUT binding competitors into the blood stream can increase the HD removal of PBUTs. This approach can potentially be applied in current HD settings.
Diaminoterephthalate Fluorescence Dyes – Versatile Tools for Life Sciences and Materials Science (2017)

The 2,5‐diaminoterephthalate (DAT) structural motif is a powerful chromophore with remarkable fluorescence properties. Containing two carboxylate and two amino groups, it defines a colored molecular scaffold that allows for orthogonal functionalization with up to four different functional units. These compounds can be accessed in a remarkably simple fashion through reactions of succinyl succinates with amines, followed by aerobic oxidation, which is, from a preparative point of view, an issue of paramount importance. Even though DATs have been known since the beginning of the last century, compared to other classes of dyes they are so far underrated in the literature. This review highlights applications in life sciences and materials science. Equipped with maleimides and cyclooctyne moieties, for example, the chromophore can be covalently conjugated to biomolecules, which allows for the study of protein conformations and protein–protein interactions. In some cases, DATs serve as “turn‐on” probes, because their fluorescence quantum yields are increased by orders of magnitude upon reaction with the molecular target. Additionally, DAT fluorophores exhibit efficient emission in the solid state. By choosing appropriate substituents at the amino and carboxylate moieties, the emission wavelengths can be tuned in a broad range. As nanocrystalline needles, for example, DATs can be applied as fluorescence antennas for plasmon polaritons on a gold surface.
Include Routes - Extension to Resource ReserVation Protocol-Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) (2014)

There are scenarios that require two or more LSPs or segments of LSPs
to follow same route in the network. This document specifies methods
to communicate route inclusions along the loose hops during path setup
using the Resource ReserVation Protocol-Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE)
protocol.
Ruthenium-Catalyzed Direct C–H Bond Arylations of Heteroarenes (2011)

Ruthenium-catalyzed C-H bond arylations of indoles, thiophenes, and pyrroles were accomplished in a highly chemo- and site-selective manner through the use of removable directing groups.
EMMPRIN up-regulates VEGFR-2 through HIF-2alpha mediated mechanism: Consequences on angiogenesis and tumor progression. (2010)

10629 Background: EMMPRIN is frequently over-expressed in cancer tissues and is thought to play an important role in tumor progression and angiogenesis, mainly through its protease inducing function and more recently by its ability to increase tumor cell expression of VEGF. Here we demonstrate that EMMPRIN can up-regulate VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) in both endothelial cells and melanoma cells, thus promoting both angiogenesis and tumorigenicity. Methods: The role of EMMPRIN on endothelial cells (HUVEC and HMEC-1) and primary melanoma cells (WM278 and M10) was demonstrated by silencing its expression with siRNA and by treatment with exogenously added EMMPRIN-enriched membrane vesicles and the resultant effect on VEGFR-2 was observed at the RNA and protein level and using functional in vitro assays and in vivo studies. Results: Treatment with EMMPRIN increased expression of the VEGF/VEGFR-2 system and increased migration and proliferation of both these cell types while inhibiting their apoptosis. It also increased tube formation capacity of endothelial cells in an in vitro angiogenesis assay. Inhibition of VEGFR-2 expression abrogated all these EMMPRIN's effects. EMMPRIN up-regulation of VEGFR-2 and its biological consequences were shown to be mediated through the over-expression of HIF-2α and its translocation to the nucleus. These results which demonstrate a novel mechanism by which EMMPRIN promote angiogenesis and tumor progression were supported by in vivo studies; both VEGFR-2 and HIF-2α were increased in human melanoma tissues as well as in a mouse model of xenograph tumors overexpressing EMMPRIN. Conclusions: The inhibition of EMMPRIN in cancer may thus simultaneously target both the VEGFR-2/VEGF system and the matrix degrading proteases to block tumor angiogenesis and invasion. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Identification of an apple juice compound directly in the 1H-spectrum of the mixture with hyphenated techniques and push button NMR: example fruit juice screening (2008)

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has been used for structure analysis of pure compounds over decades. Opposite to this, the extraordinary potential of NMR has just started to be recognized and exploited in the analysis of mixtures in the context of biofluids and food beverages. In our contribution, we will show results of studies done in the field of beer and the already developed BRUKER-SGF-Profiling Method, the NMR Fruit-Juice Screener. We will show, that from the very same set of spectra several specific parameters can be derived. 1H NMR in combination with pattern recognition: 1. can distinguish between direct juices and juices from re-diluted concentrates, 2. can identify the geographical origin of the fruits used to produce the juices, 3. can even identify mixing of direct juices and concentrates, 4. can identify artificial addition of different sugars, glucose syrup and RTK. Two approaches for quantification of individual metabolites in juices and beer were successfully applied. The first is based on integration of individual lines in the individual spectra after identification which can be done by combining spectral match technology with pure compound spectra from a reference spectral data base. The second approach is Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS), a supervised prediction approach which uses calibration models obtained from a training data set. The latter approach proved most successful even for the prediction of parameters which are not directly related to individual metabolites like the gravity of beer from proton NMR spectra. LC-NMR cannot be used in a high throughput screening scenario, as it is not sensitive enough in the on-flow-mode, thus comparison between NMR results and LC-MS is important. Therefore combining flow-injection-NMR and LC-MS is a promising approach. The two most important analytical tools can be hyphenated and in its most stringent form also time synchronised. This allows to create NMR and LC-MS data for either individual statistical evaluations or for combined methods such as the NMR/LC-MS covariance. This for example allows combining molecular ion information directly with the corresponding NMR signals of the same compound and as such gives so far unreached structural information. In our contribution we will show the power of the hyphenated techniques, the application of the MetabolicProfiler™. As an example we identify the structure of the most differentiating metabolite in apple juice concentrates from China and Poland directly from the statistical evaluation of the mixture spectra and the SBASE database.
Blood and Urinary 18F Pharmaco kinetics Following Parenteral Administration in the Rat (1977)

Blood and urinary excretion time courses of 18F administered parenterally to rats were monitored for two hours. The intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and intravenous routes gave kinetically indistinguishable results after ten minutes following the dose. The blood time course during the first hour following intramuscular dosing showed a relative constancy and suggested a delayed absorption time.